records/1498.json

{"dataset": "monaco_dev", "qid": "1498", "ex_num": 1498, "question": "Which two kingdoms were the last to declare war on Sweden during the Great Northern War?", "answers": ["Great Britain", "Hanover"], "docs": [{"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "What countries have fought against Sweden during the Great Northern War?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "What countries have fought against Sweden during the Great Northern War? [list]", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "What countries have fought against Sweden during the Great Northern War? [list]", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Saxony enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Sandomierz Confederation enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Hanover enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__paragraph__2", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Tsardom of Russia enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "The war began when an alliance of Denmark–Norway, Saxony and Russia, sensing an opportunity as Sweden was ruled by the young Charles XII, declared war on the Swedish Empire and launched a threefold attack on Swedish Holstein- Gottorp, Swedish Livonia, and Swedish Ingria. Sweden parried the Danish and Russian attacks at Travendal (August 1700) and Narva (November 1700) respectively, and in a counter-offensive pushed Augustus II's forces through the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to Saxony, dethroning Augustus on the way (September 1706) and forcing him to acknowledge defeat in the Treaty of Altranstädt (October 1706). The treaty also secured the extradition and execution of Johann Reinhold Patkul, architect of the alliance seven years earlier. Meanwhile, the forces of Peter I had recovered from defeat at Narva and gained ground in Sweden's Baltic provinces, where they cemented Russian access to the Baltic Sea by founding Saint Petersburg in 1703. Charles XII moved from Saxony into Russia to confront Peter, but the campaign ended in 1709 with the destruction of the main Swedish army at the decisive Battle of Poltava (in present-day Ukraine) and Charles' exile in the Ottoman town of Bender. The Ottoman Empire defeated the Russian-Moldavian army in the Pruth River Campaign, but that peace treaty was in the end without great consequence to Russia's position."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Cossack Hetmanate enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "iGCQTrjz8DKZQdyhoktqNcBCK3qaU5TKQwG4W2hTstCfVAjLVZ3uCxoNMsVwLerFexjjZhprS5d3ocy2NTezpVe__4__list__0", "title": "Kalmyk Khanate", "section": "History", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Kalmyk Khanate enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "  * 1603: The Kalmyks attacked the Khanate of Khiva ( V. V. Bartol ), and after a while some of the areas devastated the Bukhara Khanate (\"History of Uzbekistan\"). [ clarification needed ]\n  * 1607: The Kalmyks have a major military clash with the Kazakh Khanate , but the Kazakh ruler Esim Sultan united a strong army to fend off the Kalmyks and capture their territory in West Kazakhstan Province .\n  * 1619: To make up for their loss to Esim Sultan and the Kazakhs , the Kalmyks moved south toward Derbend and captured the Nogais .\n  * 1620: The Kalmyks attacked the Bashkirs .\n  * 1635: The Kalmyks went to war in winter against the Astrakhan Tatars .\n  * 1645: The Kalmyks attacked Kabardia in the North Caucasus.\n  * 1650: The Kalmyks attacked the Astarabad region (northeastern Iran), and sent messengers to the Shah of Persia.\n  * 1658: Successful campaign against the Crimean Tatars and Nogais.\n  * 1660: In Tomsk the Kalmyks killed many men and captured more than seven hundred women and children.\n  * 1661: June 11, the Kalmyks went to war with the Crimean Khan.\n  * 1666: At the request of the Russian government, troops of Kalmyks participated in the fighting in Ukraine against the Tatars, Turks and Polish.\n  * 1668: The united forces of Kalmyks and Cossacks took part in the campaign against Crimea.\n  * 1676: A part of the Kalmyks led Mazan Batyr in the Russian-Turkish war .\n  * 1676: The Kalmyks ally with the Kabardians to stop the advance of Turkish-Crimean troops to Kiev and Chuguev.\n  * 1678: repulsed the Kalmyks and Cossacks, then defeated the army of Crimean Khan Murad Giray.\n  * 1680: Kalmyks raided Penza .\n  * 1684: The Kalmyks' city was captured by Sairam. Ayuka Khan made a successful campaign against the Kazakhs, Turkmens and Karakalpaks .\n  * 1696: The Kalmyks participated in the capture of Azov .\n  * 1698: Kalmyks raids Crimean Tatars in the south of Russia and Ukraine.\n  * 1700: Kalmyks were actively involved in the Northern War , including the Battle of Poltava .\n  * 1711: 20,474 Kalmyks and 4,100 Russians attack Kuban . They kill 11,460 Nogais, drown 5,060 others and return with 2,000 camels, 39,200 horses, 190,000 cattle, 220,000 sheep and 22,100 human captives, of whom only 700 were adult males. On the way home they meet and defeat a returning Nogai war party and free 2,000 Russian captives.  [ 4 ]\n  * 1735: The Kalmyks were involved in the Russian-Turkish War.\n  * 1735: The Kalmyks launch successful campaigns in the Kuban and the Crimea.\n  * 1741: Kalmyks detachments took part in the Russian-Swedish War.\n  * 1756–1761: The Kalmyks participate in the Seven Years' War.\n  * 1771: The Kalmyk Khanate accept being annexed by Russia\n  * 1812 Patriotic War Kalmyk joined the patrotic war."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Duchy of Courland enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Prussia enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Denmark–Norway enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Montenegro enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Sandomierz Confederation enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}, {"id": "iGCQTrjz8DKZQdyhoktqNcBCK3qaU5TKQwG4W2hTstCfVAjLVZ3uCxoNMsVwLerFexjjZhprS5d3ocy2NTezpVe__4__list__0", "title": "Kalmyk Khanate", "section": "History", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Kalmyk Khanate enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "  * 1603: The Kalmyks attacked the Khanate of Khiva ( V. V. Bartol ), and after a while some of the areas devastated the Bukhara Khanate (\"History of Uzbekistan\"). [ clarification needed ]\n  * 1607: The Kalmyks have a major military clash with the Kazakh Khanate , but the Kazakh ruler Esim Sultan united a strong army to fend off the Kalmyks and capture their territory in West Kazakhstan Province .\n  * 1619: To make up for their loss to Esim Sultan and the Kazakhs , the Kalmyks moved south toward Derbend and captured the Nogais .\n  * 1620: The Kalmyks attacked the Bashkirs .\n  * 1635: The Kalmyks went to war in winter against the Astrakhan Tatars .\n  * 1645: The Kalmyks attacked Kabardia in the North Caucasus.\n  * 1650: The Kalmyks attacked the Astarabad region (northeastern Iran), and sent messengers to the Shah of Persia.\n  * 1658: Successful campaign against the Crimean Tatars and Nogais.\n  * 1660: In Tomsk the Kalmyks killed many men and captured more than seven hundred women and children.\n  * 1661: June 11, the Kalmyks went to war with the Crimean Khan.\n  * 1666: At the request of the Russian government, troops of Kalmyks participated in the fighting in Ukraine against the Tatars, Turks and Polish.\n  * 1668: The united forces of Kalmyks and Cossacks took part in the campaign against Crimea.\n  * 1676: A part of the Kalmyks led Mazan Batyr in the Russian-Turkish war .\n  * 1676: The Kalmyks ally with the Kabardians to stop the advance of Turkish-Crimean troops to Kiev and Chuguev.\n  * 1678: repulsed the Kalmyks and Cossacks, then defeated the army of Crimean Khan Murad Giray.\n  * 1680: Kalmyks raided Penza .\n  * 1684: The Kalmyks' city was captured by Sairam. Ayuka Khan made a successful campaign against the Kazakhs, Turkmens and Karakalpaks .\n  * 1696: The Kalmyks participated in the capture of Azov .\n  * 1698: Kalmyks raids Crimean Tatars in the south of Russia and Ukraine.\n  * 1700: Kalmyks were actively involved in the Northern War , including the Battle of Poltava .\n  * 1711: 20,474 Kalmyks and 4,100 Russians attack Kuban . They kill 11,460 Nogais, drown 5,060 others and return with 2,000 camels, 39,200 horses, 190,000 cattle, 220,000 sheep and 22,100 human captives, of whom only 700 were adult males. On the way home they meet and defeat a returning Nogai war party and free 2,000 Russian captives.  [ 4 ]\n  * 1735: The Kalmyks were involved in the Russian-Turkish War.\n  * 1735: The Kalmyks launch successful campaigns in the Kuban and the Crimea.\n  * 1741: Kalmyks detachments took part in the Russian-Swedish War.\n  * 1756–1761: The Kalmyks participate in the Seven Years' War.\n  * 1771: The Kalmyk Khanate accept being annexed by Russia\n  * 1812 Patriotic War Kalmyk joined the patrotic war."}, {"id": "5pQDY1A4iGaTUDEqvmRT53Mc6AXwSzcPqZXYLWPZcHzUsYQrzMGKPwBbYPRynrexgRPS7KXwMDZofQv6nVdMmzUh__8__table__0", "title": "List of wars involving Norway", "section": "Denmark–Norway (1523–1814)", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Denmark–Norway enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |\n|:---|:---|:---|:---|\n| Christian II's invasion of Norway (1531–1532) | Christian II | Frederick I | Invasion failed Christian II imprisoned |\n| Olav Engelbrektsson's Rebellion (1536–1537) | Protestants Denmark | Catholics | Protestant Victory Creation of Denmark-Norway |\n| Icelandic Reformation (1538–1550) | Icelandic Protestants Denmark–Norway | Icelandic Catholics | Protestant Victory Jón Arason defeated and captured Collapse of Catholicism in Iceland |\n| Peasant's Rebellion in Telemark (1540) | Denmark–Norway | Norwegian peasants | Rebellion suppressed |\n| Peasant's Rebellion in Agder (1540–1541) | Denmark–Norway | Norwegian peasants | Rebellion suppressed |\n| Dacke War (1542) | Kingdom of Sweden Landsknechte Denmark-Norway | Småland Peasants under Nils Dacke Östergötland peasant militia | Victory Royal power strengthened No further civil wars or major uprisings in Scandinavia |\n| Italian War of 1542–1546 (1542) | France Ottoman Empire Regency of Algiers Jülich-Cleves-Berg Denmark-Norway | Holy Roman Empire Saxony Brandenburg Spain England | Status quo ante bellum Treaty of Speyer (1544) Holy Roman Emperor Charles V recognized Christian III as the rightful king of Denmark and Norway |\n| Livonian War (1558–1583) | Livonian Confederation Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Denmark-Norway Kingdom of Sweden Zaporozhian Cossacks Principality of Transylvania | Tsardom of Russia Qasim Khanate Kingdom of Livonia | Victory Sweden gains Estonia Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania Denmark–Norway gains Ösel |\n| Campaign of 1559 (1559) | Denmark-Norway | Dithmarschen | Victory Conquest of Dithmarschen |\n| Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570) | Denmark-Norway Free City of Lübeck Poland–Lithuania | Sweden | Status quo ante bellum Treaty of Stettin (1570) |\n| Polish–Swedish War (1563–1568) (1563–1568) | Poland–Lithuania Denmark–Norway Lübeck | Sweden | Status quo ante bellum |\n| Dano-Norwegian attack on Poland (1571) Naval battle near Hel | Denmark-Norway | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Victory The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy was reduced to half of its previous strength |\n| Danzig rebellion (1575–1577) | City of Danzig Denmark-Norway | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Peace Danzig withstanded the siege Danzig law confirmed Danzig had to pay 200,000 złotys |\n| The First Turkish Abductions (1607) | Denmark-Norway | Ottoman Empire | Defeat Abduction of many Icelanders and Faroese people |\n| Kalmar War (1611–1613) | Denmark-Norway | Sweden | Victory Treaty of Knäred (1613) |\n| Thirty Years' War (1625–1629) | Protestant States and Allies Sweden Kingdom of France Bohemia Denmark-Norway (1625–1629) Saxony Dutch Republic Electorate of the Palatinate Brunswick-Lüneburg England Scotland Brandenburg-Prussia Transylvania Hungarian Anti-Habsburg Rebels Zaporozhian Cossacks Ottoman Empire | Roman Catholic States and Allies Holy Roman Empire Catholic League Habsburg Monarchy Austria Bavaria Spain and its possessions Denmark-Norway (1643–1645) | Defeat Peace of Westphalia Habsburg supremacy curtailed Rise of the Bourbon dynasty Rise of the Swedish Empire Decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire Franco-Spanish War until 1659 Substantial decline in the power and influence of the Catholic Church |\n| The Second Turkish Abductions (1627) | Denmark-Norway | Ottoman Empire | Defeat Abduction of many Icelanders |\n| Torstenson War (1643–1645) | Denmark-Norway Holy Roman Empire | Sweden Dutch Republic | Defeat Treaty of Brömsebro (1645) |\n| Second Northern War (1657–1660) | Habsburg monarchy Poland–Lithuania Russia (1656–58) Brandenburg-Prussia Dutch Republic Denmark-Norway | Sweden Brandenburg-Prussia Transylvania Ukrainian Cossacks Wallachia Moldavia | Defeat Treaty of Roskilde (February 26, 1658) |\n| Dano-Swedish War (1657–1658) (1657–1658) | Denmark-Norway Poland–Lithuania | Swedish Empire | Defeat Decisive Swedish victory; Treaty of Roskilde/Treaty of Taastrup |\n| Dano-Swedish War (1658–1660) (1658–1660) | Denmark-Norway Dutch Republic Brandenburg-Prussia Poland–Lithuania Habsburg Monarchy | Swedish Empire | Victory Treaty of Copenhagen (1660) |\n| Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667) Battle of Vågen | Dutch Republic Denmark-Norway Kingdom of France | Kingdom of England Bishopric of Münster | Victory Treaty of Breda (1667) |\n| Second Swedish War on Bremen (1666) | Bremen Electorate of Cologne Brunswick-Lüneburg Denmark-Norway Electorate of Brandenburg Dutch Republic | Sweden | Draw Treaty of Habenhausen |\n| Scanian War (1675–1679) | Denmark-Norway Dutch Republic Holy Roman Empire Brandenburg | Sweden Kingdom of France | Status quo ante bellum Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679) |\n| Siege of Hamburg (1689) (1689) | Denmark–Norway supported by Kingdom of France | Hamburg Brunswick-Lüneburg Brandenburg-Prussia | Peace agreement Dano-Norwegian withdrawal Hamburg pays 300,000 thalers as compensation to Denmark-Norway |\n| Great Northern War (1700–1720) | Tsardom of Russia Electorate of Saxony Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate Prussia Hanover Great Britain Denmark–Norway | Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland–Lithuania Ottoman Empire | Victory Treaty of Frederiksborg (1720) |\n| Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711) | Holy Roman Empire: Austria Prussia Margraviate of Baden Serbs from Vojvodina Transylvanian Saxons Kingdom of Croatia Royalists Denmark–Norway | Kuruc forces (Kingdom of Hungary) Principality of Transylvania Kingdom of France | Victory Rebellion suppressed |\n| Strilekrigen (1765) | Denmark-Norway | Norwegian peasants | Rebellion suppressed |\n| Danish–Algerian War (1769–1772) | Denmark–Norway | Dey of Algiers | Defeat Punitive expedition unsuccessful. Denmark–Norway pays higher tribute than before |\n| Royal Life Guards' Mutiny (1771) | Denmark-Norway | Royal Life Guard | Execution of Struensee |\n| Lofthusreisingen (1786–1787) | Denmark-Norway | Norwegian peasants | Rebellion suppressed |\n| Theatre War (1788–1789) | Denmark-Norway | Sweden | Inconclusive Status quo ante bellum |\n| Action of 16 May 1797 (1797) | Denmark-Norway | Ottoman Empire (de jure) Eyalet of Tripolitania | Inconclusive |\n| Lærdal Rebellion (1800–1802) | Denmark-Norway | Norwegian peasants | Rebellion suppressed |"}, {"id": "xANRTFuAcZz185p5H7ZjXhtjP1sfSaF9sWPQrrBxRp5MWAdYzcp2sYwusZv1CixzxYqdAaCFtuwJfffuVEVRmcz__0__infobox__0", "title": "Great Northern War", "section": "Great Northern War", "sub_question_text": "On what date did Montenegro enter The Great Northern War and declared war on Sweden?", "text": "\n## Great Northern War\n\n## Part of the Northern Wars\n\n##   \nFrom left to right:\n\n  * Battle of Narva (1700)\n  * Charles XII crossing the Düna (1701)\n  * Peter I at the Battle of Poltava (1709)\n  * Battle of Gadebusch (1712)\n  * Bringing Home the Body of King Charles XII (1718)\n| 0 | 1 |\n|:---|:---|\n| Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 2 weeks and 5 days, N.S.) |\n| Location | Northern, Central and Eastern Europe |\n| Result | Anti-Swedish coalition victory |\n| Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711. |\n\n## Belligerents\n* Swedish Empire * Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) * Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709) * Ottoman Empire (1710–1713) * Crimean Khanate (1710–1713) * Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) * Dutch Republic (1700) * England (1700) * Scotland (1700) * Ireland (1700) * Great Britain (1719–1720) :\n  * Tsardom of Russia\n  * Cossack Hetmanate\n  * Kalmyk Khanate\n  * Saxony   \n(1700–1706, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Duchy of Courland   \n(1700–1701)\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   \n(1701–1704, 1709–1719)\n\n  * Sandomierz Confederation   \n(1704–1709)\n\n  * Denmark–Norway   \n(1700, 1709–1720)\n\n  * Prussia (1715–1720)\n  * Hanover (1715–1719)\n  * Great Britain   \n(1717–1719)\n\n  * Montenegro   \n(1711–1712)\n\n  * Moldavia\n\n## Commanders and leaders\n* Charles XII † * Ulrika Eleonora * Frederick I * Rehnskiöld (POW) * Stenbock # * Lewenhaupt # * Mardefelt # * Armfeldt * Meijerfeldt * Schlippenbach (POW) * Dücker * Vellingk # * Wachtmeister # * Siöblad * Creutz (POW) * Frederick IV † * Charles Frederick * William III (personal union) * Stanislaus I * Potocki * Sapieha the Younger # * Sapieha the Elder * Ahmed III * Baltaci Mehmet Pasha * Mazepa # * Orlyk * Hordiyenko * Devlet II Giray * George I :\n  * Peter I\n  * Menshikov\n  * Sheremetev #\n  * Apraksin\n  * Repnin\n  * Golitsyn\n  * Rönne #\n  * Jacob Bruce\n  * Robert Bruce #\n  * Zmajević\n  * Croÿ #\n  * Mazepa\n  * Apostol\n  * Skoropadsky\n  * Ayuka Khan\n  * Augustus II   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Flemming\n  * Schulenburg\n  * Steinau #\n  * Paykull (POW) \n  * Kettler\n  * Sieniawski\n  * Chomętowski\n  * Wiśniowiecki\n  * Lubomirski #\n  * Ogiński #\n  * Frederick IV\n  * Reventlow\n  * Rantzau #\n  * Gyldenløve #\n  * Tordenskjold\n  * Frederick William I\n  * Leopold I\n  * George I   \n(personal union)\n\n  * Danilo I\n  * Cantemir\n\n## Strength\n* Swedish Empire: 76,000 * Holstein-Gottorp: 5,000 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: 10,000 * Warsaw Confederation: 24,000 * Ottoman Empire: 130,000 (limited campaigns) * Cossack Hetmanate: 4,000 * Dutch Republic: 13 ships of the line * England: 12 ships of the line * Total: 249,000 :\n  * Tsardom of Russia:   \n110,000\n\n  * Cossack Hetmanate:   \n30,000\n\n  * Saxony:   \n30,000\n\n  * Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth:   \n50,000\n\n  * Denmark–Norway:   \n40,000\n\n  * Prussia:   \n50,000\n\n  * Hanover:   \n20,000\n\n  * Total:   \n340,000\n\n## Casualties and losses\nTotal: 200,000 dead * * * * 25,000 killed in combat * 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion (including over 40,000 Finns who died in combat or other ways). :\nTotal: 295,000 dead\n\n* * *\n\n  * 20,000 Russians killed in combat\n  * 110,000+ killed by famine, disease and exhaustion. Likely much higher figure based on the circumstances of campaigns and battles.\n  * 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes (70,000 Danes total) killed in the larger battles between 1709–1719."}]}