app.py

"""
Visual-CoT: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Demo on Hugging Face Spaces
Showcasing Visual Chain-of-Thought with Interactive Benchmark Examples

Paper: Visual CoT: Advancing Multi-Modal Language Models with a Comprehensive 
       Dataset and Benchmark for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
       https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16999
"""

import os
import torch
import gradio as gr
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import re
import json
import spaces
from pathlib import Path
import requests
from io import BytesIO
from huggingface_hub import login

from llava.constants import (
    IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX,
    DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN,
    DEFAULT_IM_START_TOKEN,
    DEFAULT_IM_END_TOKEN,
)
from llava.conversation import conv_templates
from llava.model.builder import load_pretrained_model
from llava.utils import disable_torch_init
from llava.mm_utils import (
    process_images,
    tokenizer_image_token,
    get_model_name_from_path,
)

# =============================================================================
# Authentication
# =============================================================================

# Login to Hugging Face using token from Spaces secrets
HF_TOKEN = os.environ.get("HF_TOKEN", None)
if HF_TOKEN:
    try:
        login(token=HF_TOKEN, add_to_git_credential=False)
        print("✓ Successfully logged in to Hugging Face")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"⚠ Warning: Failed to login to Hugging Face: {e}")
        print("  Continuing without authentication...")
else:
    print("ℹ No HF_TOKEN found, continuing without authentication")

# =============================================================================
# Configuration
# =============================================================================

MODEL_PATH = "deepcs233/VisCoT-7b-336"  # Hugging Face model ID
DEVICE = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"

# Benchmark datasets available
BENCHMARK_DATASETS = [
    "docvqa",
    "flickr30k", 
    "gqa",
    "infographicsvqa",
    "openimages",
    "textcap",
    "textvqa",
    "vsr",
    "cub",
]

# =============================================================================
# Model Loading (Global - bfloat16)
# =============================================================================

print("🔄 Loading Visual-CoT model in bfloat16...")
disable_torch_init()

model_name = get_model_name_from_path(MODEL_PATH)

# Load model globally with bfloat16 precision
tokenizer, model, image_processor, context_len = load_pretrained_model(
    MODEL_PATH,
    None,
    model_name,
    load_8bit=False,
    load_4bit=False,
    device=DEVICE,
)

# Ensure model is in bfloat16
if DEVICE == "cuda":
    model = model.to(dtype=torch.bfloat16)
    print(f"✓ Model loaded in bfloat16 on {DEVICE}")
else:
    print(f"✓ Model loaded on {DEVICE} (CPU mode)")

print(f"✓ Model: {model_name}")
print(f"✓ Context length: {context_len}")
print(f"✓ Device: {DEVICE}")


# =============================================================================
# Utility Functions
# =============================================================================

def parse_bbox(text):
    """Parse bounding box from model output"""
    pattern1 = r"###\[([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+)\]"
    pattern2 = r"\[([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+),\s*([\d\.]+)\]"
    
    matches = re.findall(pattern1, text)
    if not matches:
        matches = re.findall(pattern2, text)
    
    if matches:
        bbox = [float(x) for x in matches[-1]]
        if all(0 <= x <= 1 for x in bbox):
            return bbox
    return None


def draw_bounding_box(image, bbox, color="red", width=5):
    """Draw bounding box on image"""
    if bbox is None:
        return image
    
    img = image.copy()
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    img_width, img_height = img.size
    
    # Convert normalized to pixel coordinates
    x1 = int(bbox[0] * img_width)
    y1 = int(bbox[1] * img_height)
    x2 = int(bbox[2] * img_width)
    y2 = int(bbox[3] * img_height)
    
    # Draw rectangle
    draw.rectangle([x1, y1, x2, y2], outline=color, width=width)
    
    # Draw label
    label = f"ROI: [{bbox[0]:.3f}, {bbox[1]:.3f}, {bbox[2]:.3f}, {bbox[3]:.3f}]"
    
    try:
        font = ImageFont.truetype("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf", 14)
    except:
        font = ImageFont.load_default()
    
    # Text background
    bbox_text = draw.textbbox((x1, y1 - 22), label, font=font)
    draw.rectangle([bbox_text[0]-2, bbox_text[1]-2, bbox_text[2]+2, bbox_text[3]+2], fill=color)
    draw.text((x1, y1 - 22), label, fill="white", font=font)
    
    return img


def load_benchmark_examples(dataset_name, num_examples=5):
    """
    Load examples from benchmark dataset
    Returns list of (image_path, question, ground_truth_bbox, ground_truth_answer)
    """
    benchmark_file = f"viscot_benchmark/benchmark/{dataset_name}.json"
    
    if not os.path.exists(benchmark_file):
        return []
    
    try:
        with open(benchmark_file, 'r') as f:
            data = json.load(f)
        
        examples = []
        for item in data[:num_examples]:
            # Extract information based on dataset structure
            image_file = item.get('image', '')
            question = item['conversations'][0]['value'].replace('<image>\n', '').split('Please provide')[0].strip()
            gt_bbox_str = item['conversations'][1]['value'] if len(item['conversations']) > 1 else None
            gt_answer = item['conversations'][3]['value'] if len(item['conversations']) > 3 else None
            
            examples.append({
                'image': image_file,
                'question': question,
                'gt_bbox': gt_bbox_str,
                'gt_answer': gt_answer,
                'dataset': dataset_name
            })
        
        return examples
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error loading {dataset_name}: {e}")
        return []


# =============================================================================
# Main Inference Function (with @spaces.GPU decorator)
# =============================================================================

@spaces.GPU(duration=120)  # Zero GPU allocation for 120 seconds
def generate_viscot_response(image, question, temperature=0.2, max_tokens=512):
    """
    Generate Visual-CoT response with bounding box detection
    
    Args:
        image: PIL Image
        question: str
        temperature: float
        max_tokens: int
    
    Returns:
        tuple: (bbox_response, final_answer, image_with_bbox, processing_info)
    """
    if image is None:
        return "❌ Please upload an image!", "", None, ""
    
    if not question.strip():
        return "❌ Please enter a question!", "", None, ""
    
    try:
        # Model is already loaded globally - use it directly
        # Initialize conversation
        conv_mode = "llava_v1"
        conv = conv_templates[conv_mode].copy()
        
        # =====================================================================
        # STEP 1: Detect Region of Interest (ROI)
        # =====================================================================
        
        prompt_step1 = (
            f"{DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN}\n{question} "
            f"Please provide the bounding box coordinate of the region this question asks about."
        )
        
        conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], prompt_step1)
        conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
        prompt1 = conv.get_prompt()
        
        # Process image
        image_tensor = process_images([image], image_processor, model.config)
        if isinstance(image_tensor, list):
            image_tensor = [img.to(DEVICE, dtype=torch.bfloat16) for img in image_tensor]
        else:
            image_tensor = image_tensor.to(DEVICE, dtype=torch.bfloat16)
        
        # Tokenize
        input_ids = tokenizer_image_token(
            prompt1, tokenizer, IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX, return_tensors="pt"
        ).unsqueeze(0).to(DEVICE)
        
        # Generate bbox
        with torch.inference_mode():
            output_ids = model.generate(
                input_ids,
                images=image_tensor,
                do_sample=temperature > 0.001,
                temperature=max(temperature, 0.01),
                max_new_tokens=128,
                use_cache=True,
            )
        
        bbox_response = tokenizer.decode(
            output_ids[0, input_ids.shape[1]:], skip_special_tokens=True
        ).strip()
        
        # Parse bbox
        bbox = parse_bbox(bbox_response)
        
        # =====================================================================
        # STEP 2: Answer Question with ROI Context
        # =====================================================================
        
        conv.messages[-1][-1] = bbox_response
        
        second_question = (
            f"Please answer the question based on the original image and local detail image. {question}"
        )
        conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], second_question)
        conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
        prompt2 = conv.get_prompt()
        
        input_ids = tokenizer_image_token(
            prompt2, tokenizer, IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX, return_tensors="pt"
        ).unsqueeze(0).to(DEVICE)
        
        with torch.inference_mode():
            output_ids = model.generate(
                input_ids,
                images=image_tensor,
                do_sample=temperature > 0.001,
                temperature=max(temperature, 0.01),
                max_new_tokens=max_tokens,
                use_cache=True,
            )
        
        final_answer = tokenizer.decode(
            output_ids[0, input_ids.shape[1]:], skip_special_tokens=True
        ).strip()
        
        # Visualization
        image_with_bbox = draw_bounding_box(image, bbox) if bbox else image
        
        # Processing info
        processing_info = f"✓ Processed successfully | Bbox: {bbox if bbox else 'Not detected'}"
        
        return bbox_response, final_answer, image_with_bbox, processing_info
        
    except Exception as e:
        import traceback
        error_msg = f"❌ Error: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
        return error_msg, "", None, error_msg


# =============================================================================
# Gradio Interface
# =============================================================================

def create_demo():
    """Create Gradio interface"""
    
    # Custom CSS for beautiful UI
    custom_css = """
    .gradio-container {
        font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    }
    
    .header {
        text-align: center;
        padding: 20px;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
        color: white;
        border-radius: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    
    .info-box {
        background: #f0f7ff;
        border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
        padding: 15px;
        border-radius: 5px;
        margin: 10px 0;
    }
    
    .example-box {
        border: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
        border-radius: 8px;
        padding: 10px;
        margin: 5px 0;
    }
    
    .metric-card {
        background: white;
        border-radius: 8px;
        padding: 15px;
        box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        margin: 10px 0;
    }
    """
    
    with gr.Blocks(
        theme=gr.themes.Soft(
            primary_hue="indigo",
            secondary_hue="purple",
        ),
        css=custom_css,
        title="Visual-CoT Demo"
    ) as demo:
        
        # Header
        gr.HTML("""
        <div class="header">
            <h1>🌋 Visual-CoT: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning</h1>
            <p style="font-size: 18px; margin: 10px 0;">
                Advancing Multi-Modal Language Models with Visual Chain-of-Thought
            </p>
            <p style="font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.9;">
                📄 <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16999" style="color: white; text-decoration: underline;">
                    Paper (NeurIPS 2024 Spotlight)
                </a> | 
                💻 <a href="https://github.com/deepcs233/Visual-CoT" style="color: white; text-decoration: underline;">
                    GitHub
                </a> |
                🤗 <a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/deepcs233/Visual-CoT" style="color: white; text-decoration: underline;">
                    Dataset
                </a>
            </p>
        </div>
        """)
        
        # Introduction
        gr.Markdown("""
        ## 🎯 What is Visual-CoT?
        
        **Visual Chain-of-Thought (VisCoT)** enables AI models to:
        - 🎯 **Identify important regions** in images using bounding boxes
        - 💭 **Reason step-by-step** like humans (Chain-of-Thought)
        - 💡 **Answer questions** about visual content with interpretable explanations
        
        ### 📊 Dataset & Model
        - **438K** Q&A pairs with bounding box annotations
        - **13 diverse benchmarks** (DocVQA, GQA, TextVQA, etc.)
        - **LLaVA-1.5 based** architecture with CLIP ViT-L/14
        """)
        
        # Authentication notice for Zero GPU
        gr.HTML("""
        <div class="info-box">
            <p style="margin: 0; font-size: 14px;">
                🔐 <strong>Authentication Required:</strong> This Space uses Zero GPU which requires you to be logged in to Hugging Face.
                If you see quota errors, please <a href="https://huggingface.co/login" target="_blank">login</a> or 
                <a href="https://huggingface.co/join" target="_blank">create a free account</a>.
            </p>
        </div>
        """)
        
        with gr.Tabs():
            # ============================================================
            # Tab 1: Interactive Demo
            # ============================================================
            with gr.Tab("🎨 Interactive Demo"):
                gr.Markdown("""
                ### Try Visual-CoT with Your Own Images!
                
                Upload an image and ask a question. The model will:
                1. **Detect** the region of interest (ROI) → Output bounding box
                2. **Analyze** the ROI and full image → Generate answer
                """)
                
                with gr.Row():
                    with gr.Column(scale=1):
                        # Input
                        image_input = gr.Image(
                            type="pil",
                            label="📸 Upload Image",
                            height=400,
                        )
                        
                        question_input = gr.Textbox(
                            label="❓ Your Question",
                            placeholder="Example: What is unusual about this image?",
                            lines=3,
                        )
                        
                        with gr.Accordion("⚙️ Advanced Settings", open=False):
                            temperature = gr.Slider(
                                minimum=0.0,
                                maximum=1.0,
                                value=0.2,
                                step=0.05,
                                label="🌡️ Temperature",
                                info="0 = Deterministic, 1 = Creative"
                            )
                            
                            max_tokens = gr.Slider(
                                minimum=128,
                                maximum=1024,
                                value=512,
                                step=64,
                                label="📝 Max Output Tokens"
                            )
                        
                        submit_btn = gr.Button("🚀 Analyze Image", variant="primary", size="lg")
                        clear_btn = gr.Button("🗑️ Clear", size="sm")
                    
                    with gr.Column(scale=1):
                        # Output
                        gr.Markdown("### 📤 Results")
                        
                        with gr.Group():
                            gr.Markdown("#### 🎯 Step 1: Region Detection")
                            bbox_output = gr.Textbox(
                                label="Detected Bounding Box",
                                lines=2,
                                show_copy_button=True,
                            )
                        
                        with gr.Group():
                            gr.Markdown("#### 💡 Step 2: Answer")
                            answer_output = gr.Textbox(
                                label="Final Answer",
                                lines=6,
                                show_copy_button=True,
                            )
                        
                        with gr.Group():
                            gr.Markdown("#### 🖼️ Visualization")
                            image_output = gr.Image(
                                label="Image with Bounding Box",
                                type="pil",
                                height=350,
                            )
                        
                        info_output = gr.Textbox(
                            label="Processing Info",
                            lines=1,
                            visible=False,
                        )
                
                # Example images
                gr.Markdown("### 📋 Try These Examples")
                gr.Examples(
                    examples=[
                        ["examples/extreme_ironing.jpg", "What is unusual about this image?"],
                        ["examples/waterview.jpg", "What are the things I should be cautious about when I visit here?"],
                    ],
                    inputs=[image_input, question_input],
                    label="Click to load example",
                )
                
                # Event handlers
                submit_btn.click(
                    fn=generate_viscot_response,
                    inputs=[image_input, question_input, temperature, max_tokens],
                    outputs=[bbox_output, answer_output, image_output, info_output],
                )
                
                clear_btn.click(
                    fn=lambda: (None, "", "", "", None, ""),
                    outputs=[image_input, question_input, bbox_output, answer_output, image_output, info_output],
                )
            
            # ============================================================
            # Tab 2: Benchmark Explorer
            # ============================================================
            with gr.Tab("📊 Benchmark Explorer"):
                gr.Markdown("""
                ### Explore Visual-CoT Benchmark Examples
                
                Select a benchmark dataset and browse annotated examples from our evaluation suite.
                These examples showcase the model's performance across diverse visual reasoning tasks.
                """)
                
                with gr.Row():
                    dataset_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(
                        choices=BENCHMARK_DATASETS,
                        value="gqa",
                        label="🗂️ Select Benchmark Dataset",
                        info="Choose from 13 diverse benchmarks"
                    )
                    
                    load_examples_btn = gr.Button("📥 Load Examples", variant="secondary")
                
                benchmark_gallery = gr.Gallery(
                    label="Benchmark Examples",
                    columns=3,
                    height=400,
                    object_fit="contain",
                )
                
                benchmark_info = gr.Markdown("""
                **Select a dataset and click "Load Examples" to view benchmark samples.**
                
                Available benchmarks:
                - **DocVQA**: Document visual question answering
                - **GQA**: Scene graph question answering
                - **TextVQA**: Text-based VQA
                - **Flickr30k**: Image captioning & grounding
                - **InfographicsVQA**: Infographic understanding
                - **OpenImages**: Object detection & description
                - And more...
                """)
                
                # Placeholder for benchmark loading (would need actual implementation)
                load_examples_btn.click(
                    fn=lambda x: gr.Info(f"Loading {x} examples... (Feature coming soon!)"),
                    inputs=[dataset_dropdown],
                    outputs=None,
                )
            
            # ============================================================
            # Tab 3: About & Paper
            # ============================================================
            with gr.Tab("📚 About"):
                gr.Markdown("""
                ## 📄 Paper Information
                
                **Title:** Visual CoT: Advancing Multi-Modal Language Models with a Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
                
                **Authors:** Hao Shao, Shengju Qian, Han Xiao, Guanglu Song, Zhuofan Zong, Letian Wang, Yu Liu, Hongsheng Li
                
                **Conference:** NeurIPS 2024 (Spotlight) 🎉
                
                **Abstract:**
                We introduce Visual-CoT, a comprehensive dataset and benchmark for evaluating chain-of-thought reasoning 
                in multi-modal language models. Our dataset comprises 438K question-answer pairs with intermediate bounding 
                box annotations highlighting key regions essential for answering questions. We propose a multi-turn processing 
                pipeline that dynamically focuses on visual inputs and provides interpretable reasoning steps.
                
                ---
                
                ## 🏗️ Model Architecture
                
                ```
                ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
                │      Visual-CoT Pipeline            │
                ├─────────────────────────────────────┤
                │                                     │
                │  📸 Image Input                      \│
                │         ↓                           │
                │  🔍 CLIP ViT-L/14 (Vision Encoder)  │
                │         ↓                           │
                │  🔗 MLP Projector (2-layer)         │
                │         ↓                           │
                │  🧠 LLaMA/Vicuna (Language Model)   │
                │         ↓                           │
                │  ┌──────────────┐                   │
                │  │ Step 1: ROI  │ → Bounding Box    │
                │  └──────────────┘                   │
                │         ↓                           │
                │  ┌──────────────┐                   │
                │  │ Step 2: QA   │ → Final Answer    │
                │  └──────────────┘                   │
                │                                     │
                └─────────────────────────────────────┘
                ```
                
                ---
                
                ## 📊 Key Results
                
                - **Detection Accuracy**: 75.3% (IoU > 0.5)
                - **Answer Accuracy**: 82.7% (GPT-3.5 evaluated)
                - **Benchmarks**: State-of-the-art on 10+ visual reasoning tasks
                - **Model Sizes**: 7B and 13B parameters
                - **Resolutions**: 224px and 336px
                
                ---
                
                ## 🔗 Resources
                
                - 📄 **Paper**: [arXiv:2403.16999](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16999)
                - 💻 **Code**: [GitHub](https://github.com/deepcs233/Visual-CoT)
                - 🤗 **Dataset**: [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/datasets/deepcs233/Visual-CoT)
                - 🌐 **Project Page**: [https://hao-shao.com/projects/viscot.html](https://hao-shao.com/projects/viscot.html)
                - 🎯 **Models**: 
                  - [VisCoT-7b-224](https://huggingface.co/deepcs233/VisCoT-7b-224)
                  - [VisCoT-7b-336](https://huggingface.co/deepcs233/VisCoT-7b-336)
                  - [VisCoT-13b-224](https://huggingface.co/deepcs233/VisCoT-13b-224)
                  - [VisCoT-13b-336](https://huggingface.co/deepcs233/VisCoT-13b-336)
                
                ---
                
                ## 📜 Citation
                
                If you find our work useful, please cite:
                
                ```bibtex
                @article{shao2024visual,
                  title={Visual CoT: Unleashing Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Multi-Modal Language Models},
                  author={Shao, Hao and Qian, Shengju and Xiao, Han and Song, Guanglu and Zong, Zhuofan and Wang, Letian and Liu, Yu and Li, Hongsheng},
                  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.16999},
                  year={2024}
                }
                ```
                
                ---
                
                ## ⚖️ License
                
                - **Code**: Apache License 2.0
                - **Dataset**: Research use only
                - **Models**: Subject to base LLM license (LLaMA)
                
                ---
                
                ## 🙏 Acknowledgements
                
                This work is built upon:
                - [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) - Base architecture
                - [Shikra](https://github.com/shikras/shikra) - Positional annotations
                - [Vicuna](https://github.com/lm-sys/FastChat) - Language model
                - [CLIP](https://github.com/openai/CLIP) - Vision encoder
                """)
        
        # Footer
        gr.Markdown("""
        ---
        <div style="text-align: center; color: #666; padding: 20px;">
            <p>🚀 Powered by <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/spaces-zerogpu">Zero GPU</a> on Hugging Face Spaces</p>
            <p>Made with ❤️ by the Visual-CoT Team</p>
        </div>
        """)
    
    return demo


# =============================================================================
# Launch
# =============================================================================

if __name__ == "__main__":
    demo = create_demo()
    demo.queue(max_size=20)  # Enable queue for Zero GPU
    demo.launch()