src/ontology.py

from rdflib import Graph, Namespace, RDF, RDFS, OWL, Literal, XSD

def create_ontology():
    g = Graph()
    
    # Define Namespace
    EX = Namespace("http://example.org/cars/")
    g.bind("ex", EX)
    
    # Enable OWL/RDFS
    g.bind("owl", OWL)
    
    # ==========================
    # CLASSES (Goal: 20+)
    # ==========================
    classes = [
        "Car", "Component", "Engine", "FuelType", "Manufacturer", 
        "Color", "PassengerCar", "TwoSeaterCar", "FourSeaterCar", 
        "FiveSeaterCar", "Coupe", "Sedan", "SUV", "SportsCar", 
        "SuperCar", "HyperCar", "EconomyCar", "ElectricCar", 
        "ICECar", "HybridCar", "PetrolCar", "DieselCar", 
        "VEngine", "V8Engine", "V10Engine", "V12Engine", 
        "ElectricMotor", "EcoFriendlyCar", "LuxuryCar", "LuxurySportCar"
    ]
    
    for cls in classes:
        g.add((EX[cls], RDF.type, OWL.Class))
        
    # Class Hierarchy
    g.add((EX.PassengerCar, RDFS.subClassOf, EX.Car))
    g.add((EX.SportsCar, RDFS.subClassOf, EX.Car))
    g.add((EX.Engine, RDFS.subClassOf, EX.Component))
    g.add((EX.ElectricCar, RDFS.subClassOf, EX.Car))
    g.add((EX.PetrolCar, RDFS.subClassOf, EX.Car))

    # ==========================
    # PROPERTIES (Goal: 7+ Object, 7+ Data)
    # ==========================
    
    # Object Properties
    obj_props = [
        "hasManufacturer", "manufactures", "hasEngine", "usesFuel", 
        "hasCompetitor", "isModelVariantOf", "hasTrimLevel"
    ]
    
    for prop in obj_props:
        g.add((EX[prop], RDF.type, OWL.ObjectProperty))
        
    # Domain/Range examples
    g.add((EX.hasManufacturer, RDFS.domain, EX.Car))
    g.add((EX.hasManufacturer, RDFS.range, EX.Manufacturer))
    
    # Datatype Properties
    data_props = [
        "hasPriceValue", "hasHorsePowerValue", "hasTopSpeedKMH", 
        "hasSeatCount", "hasTorqueNm", "has0to100Sec", "hasEngineDisplacement"
    ]
    
    for prop in data_props:
        g.add((EX[prop], RDF.type, OWL.DatatypeProperty))
        g.add((EX[prop], RDFS.domain, EX.Car))

    # Save Ontology T-Box
    g.serialize(destination="cars_ontology.ttl", format="turtle")
    print("Ontology T-Box saved to cars_ontology.ttl")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    create_ontology()