| \n | \\(a\\) | \n\n |
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\u2192 | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n
| \n | \n \n\n
| \n
| q | \n
| Expression | \nNFA Diagram Description | \n||
|---|---|---|---|
| a | \n\n Start state → (a) → double circle (accepting state)\n | \n\n | |
| b | \n\n Start state → (b) → double circle (accepting state)\n | \n\n | |
| ab | \n\n Start state → (a) → (\u03b5) → (b) → double circle (accepting state)\n | \n\n | |
| ab \u222a a | \n\n Start state → (a) → (\u03b5) → (b) → double circle (accepting state)\n | \n\n Start state → (a) → double circle (accepting state)\n | \n\n |
| $$ (ab \\cup a)^* $$ | \n\n (Diagram not fully shown, but implies the Kleene star applied to the union of \"ab\" and \"a\")\n | \n
| Expression | \nNFA Diagram | \n||
|---|---|---|---|
| a | \n\n \u25cb --a--> \u25ce\n | \n\n | |
| b | \n\n \u25cb --b--> \u25ce\n | \n\n | |
| ab | \n\n \u25cb --a--> \u25cb --\u03b5--> \u25cb --b--> \u25ce\n | \n\n | |
| ab \u222a a | \n\n \u25cb --\u03b5--> \u25cb --a--> \u25cb --\u03b5--> \u25cb --b--> \u25ce\n | \n\n \u25cb --\u03b5--> \u25cb --a--> \u25ce\n | \n\n |
| \u2192 | \n\u25cb | \na | \n\u25cb\u25cf | \n
| \u2192 | \n\u25cb | \nb | \n\u25cb\u25cf | \n
| \u2192 | \n\u25cb | \na | \n\u25cb\u25cf | \n
| \u2192 | \n\u25cb | \nb | \n\u25cb\u25cf | \n
| Patient | \nThe Patient\u2019s (actor) actions | \n
| \n | PatConnect | \n|
|---|---|---|
| System\u2019s responsibility | \nPatient | \n|
| Actor\u2019s responsibility | \n\n \n \n \n Check for next available date\n \n \n \n Possible Appointment\n \n \n \n [reject appointment]\n \n | \n\n \n \n \n Select new appointment\n \n \n \n [select appointment]\n \n \n \n Confirm appointment\n \n \n \n Appointment\n \n | \n
| Authentication-Device | \nUser | \n||
|---|---|---|---|
| \n | \u25cf | \n||
| \n | Enter username | \n||
| \n | Enter password | \n||
| \n | Submit login details | \n||
| \n | Login Details | \n||
| \n | \n \n\n
| \n ||
| Request authentication code | \n\n | ||
| Generate authentication code | \n\n | ||
| Authentication Code | \nEnter authentication code | \n||
| \n | User Authentication Code | \n||
\n \n\n
| \nApproved Login | \n||
| \n | \n \n\n
| \n
| Input | \nOutput | \n
|---|---|
| 01101 | \n\u242301101 | \n
| 0 | \n\u24230 | \n
| 111 | \n\u2423111 | \n
| \u03b5 | \n\u03b5 | \n
| getFrontPad() | \ngetRearPad() | \nInput | \n
|---|---|---|
| true | \ntrue | \nBoth | \n
| true | \nfalse | \nFront | \n
| false | \ntrue | \nRear | \n
| false | \nfalse | \nNeither | \n
| \n | Neither | \nFront | \nRear | \nBoth | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Closed | \nClosed | \nOpen | \nClosed | \nClosed | \n
| Open | \nClosed | \nOpen | \nOpen | \nOpen | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n
| \u03b4 | \na | \nb | \n
|---|---|---|
| s | \nq_1 | \nr_1 | \n
| q_1 | \nq_1 | \nq_2 | \n
| q_2 | \nq_1 | \nq_2 | \n
| r_1 | \nr_2 | \nr_1 | \n
| r_2 | \nr_2 | \nr_1 | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n2 | \n<RESET> | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_2\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n\\(q_1\\) | \n\\(q_0\\) | \n
| Baker | \n\n | Pizza | \n\n | Topping | \n|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | \nanchovyLover | \nsize | \n\n | name | \n\n |
| makePizza() | \n\n | price | \n\n | amount | \n\n |
| \n | bake() | \n\n | isVegetarian() | \n\n | |
| Student | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n\n | \n | \n | |
| name | \nisHungry | \norder() | \n\n | \n | \n |
| isVegetarian | \n\n | \n | \n | \n | \n |
| eat() | \n\n | \n | \n | \n | \n |
| HawaiianPizza | \nYinzerPizza | \n
|---|---|
| addExtraPineapple() | \naddExtraFries() | \n
| Baker | \n\n | Order | \n\n | Pizza | \n|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | \n* | \ntotalPrice | \n\n \n\n
| \n ||||||||
| anchovyLover | \ndeliveryType | \n||||||||||
| makePizza() | \n\n | ||||||||||
| Student | \n* | \ncomplete() | \n|||||||||
| name | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n||||||||||
| create() | \n|||||||||||
| address | \n\n | ||||||||||
| notify() | \n\n |
| Payment | \n||
|---|---|---|
| method | \nHawaiianPizza | \nYinzerPizza | \n
| amount | \naddExtraPineapple() | \naddExtraFries() | \n
| status | \n\n | \n |
| processPayment() | \n\n | \n |
| InvestmentManager | \n|
|---|---|
| name | \naddress | \n
| Owner | \n\n | BankAccount | \n
|---|---|---|
| name | \nwithdraw() > | \nnumber | \n
| address | \n\n | balance | \n
| creditScore | \n\n | viewBalance() | \n
| \n | Owner | \nInvestmentManager | \n
|---|---|---|
| BankAccount | \nviewBalance() withdraw() | \nviewBalance() | \n
| InvestmentManager | \n\n |
|---|---|
| name address | \n\n |
| Owner | \n\n | BankAccount | \n
|---|---|---|
| name address creditScore | \n\n | number balance | \n
| \n | \n | viewBalance() withdraw(): Money | \n
| \n | Owner | \nInvestmentManager | \n\n \n An entry in the access matrix represents an **access right** \n Lists the operations that can be executed by the actor on instances of the class\n\n | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| BankAccount | \n\n viewBalance() \n withdraw()\n | \nviewBalance() | \n|
| SupportDesk | \ncontact() | \n\n |
| implementation & maintenance by single person | \n\n | comprehensible by a single person | \n\n | complex system | \n
| Design for division of labor | \n
| \n | Phase | \n1 | \n2 | \n3 | \n4 | \n5 | \n6 | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type A | \nPhase | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n
| \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | |
| Type B | \nPhase | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n
| \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | \n | |
| Type C | \nPhase | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n\u25e0 | \n
| Product Backlog | \nSprint Backlog | \nPotentially Shippable Product Increment | \n
| \n \n | \n\n \n | \n\n Box \n | \n
| \n \n Daily Scrum Meeting \n \n 24 Hours\n \n 2-4 Weeks\n \n | \n
| Items | \nTodo | \nIn progress | \nIn review | \nDone | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| User Story 1 | \nTask | \nTask | \nTask | \nTask | \n
| Task | \nTask | \nTask | \nTask | \n|
| User Story 2 | \nTask | \nTask | \nTask | \nTask | \n
| \n | \n | Task | \n\n | |
| User Story 3 | \nTask | \nTask | \n\n | \n |
| Task | \nTask | \n\n | \n |
| Control | \n|||||||||
| 0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n0 | \n0 | \n1 | \n0 | \n\u22ef\u22ef\u22ef | \n
| Tape | \n
| 1 | 0 | 1 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u22ef | \n
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u22ef | \n
| \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u2423 | \u22ef | \n
| 1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n\u2294 | \n\u22ef | \n
| 1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n\u2294 | \n\u22ef | \n
| q8 | \n\n | ||||||||||
| \n | 1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n\u2294 | \n\u22ef | \n
| q4 | \n\n | ||||||||||
| \n | 1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n1 | \n\u2294 | \n\u22ef | \n
| $$q_0$$ | \n\n | $$w_0$$ | \n$$w_1$$ | \n$$w_2$$ | \n\u22ef | \n$$w_n$$ | \n\\(\\sqcup\\) | \n\\(\\sqcup\\) | \n\u22ef | \n
| Informal scenario | \nFormal scenario | \n
|---|---|
| Scenario name | \nScenario name | \n
| \n Scenario description \n (natural language text)\n | \nParticipating actors | \n
| \n | \n Flow of events: \n 1. Scenario description in bullet points \n 2. Typically each point describes one step (i.e., event)\n | \n
| Scenario | \nDepositing money | \n
|---|---|
| Participating actors | \nRobin: BankClient | \n
| Flow of events | \n\n 1. Robin celebrated their birthday last Wednesday and received birthday money ($300) from their relatives and wants to deposit it to their bank account. \n 2. Robin visits a bank branch of their bank \"HelloSavings\", a 5 minute walk from their apartment. \n 3. They queue up at the teller's counter, behind 10 other customers and wait patiently. \n 4. Finally, when it\u2019s Robin\u2019s turn to talk to an agent, they need to provide physical identification. Robin uses their driver\u2019s license and the agent confirms their identity. \n 5. Robin hands over the $300. The agent counts it, confirms the amount, and uses the bank\u2019s internal system to schedule the move to Robin\u2019s account. \n 6. Robin receives a printed receipt for the transaction. \n 7. Two weeks later, Robin receives their bank statement by mail and checks their balance to confirm that the birthday money transaction has made its wait to their account.\n | \n
| Scenario | \nDepositing money | \n
|---|---|
| Participating actors | \nRobin: BankClient | \n
| Flow of events | \n\n 1. Robin celebrated their birthday last Wednesday and received birthday money ($300) from their relatives and wants to deposit it to their bank account. \n 2. Robin opens the \"Coinnect\" app. \n 3. The \"Coinnect\" app shows a welcome message and asks Robin to log in. \n 4. Robin logs in with a biometric login. \n 5. The \"Coinnect\" app shows an overview of Robin\u2019s favorite banks. \n 6. Robin selects to file a deposit at a physical location with \"HelloSavings\" bank. \n 7. The \"Coinnect\" app shows all physical locations of Robin\u2019s bank within a 5 mile radius and the current wait times. \n 8. Robin\u2019s closest bank location (a 5 minute walk away) shows a current wait time of 32 minutes. \n 9. Robin selects to virtually stand in line. \n 10. Robin receives a notification 8 minutes before it is their turn in line. \n 11. Robin leaves their apartment and walks over to the physical location of the \"HelloSavings\" bank. \n 12. When Robin arrives, the \"Coinnect\" app registers their arrival and confirms their spot in the current queue. \n 13. Robin receives a number, which the bank teller calls out when it is their turn 2 minutes later.\n | \n
| Greenfield & Re-engineering Projects | \n
| Demos | \n
| Demos & Acceptance Tests | \n
| Post delivery | \n
| Use case name | \nTrack location of SLFs | \n
|---|---|
| Participating actors | \nCitizens of Pittsburgh (enduser) | \n
| Flow of events | \n\n 1. The citizen select a specific area or region on the map where they suspect or want to track Spotted Lantern Flies (SLFs). \n 2. The system shows the location of spotted lantern flies in the selected area\n | \n
| Use case template | \nDescription | \n
|---|---|
| Use case name | \n\nThe name of the use case should indicate what the user is trying to accomplish \n(See short title of FRs)\n | \n
| Participating actors | \nActors should be named with noun phrases (e.g, CityOfficial) | \n
| Flow of events | \n\nThe boundary of the system should be made clear. \nActor-initiated steps and system-initiated steps should be distinguished \nUse case steps in the flow of events should be phrased in the active voice\n | \n
| Entry condition | \nConditions that need to be satisfied before the use case is initiated | \n
| Exit condition | \nConditions satisfied after the completion of the use case | \n
| Quality requirements | \nRequirements that are not (directly) related to the functionality of the system | \n
| Use case name | \nCall for help | \n
|---|---|
| Participating actors | \nResident, PublicSafety | \n
| Flow of events | \n\n 1. The Resident sees a sinkhole \n 2. The Resident opens the SiMCity system. \n 3. The Resident navigates to the sinkhole help overview \n 4. The System displays available help options. \n 5a. The Resident selects to call for help. \n 6a. The System dials PublicSafety \n Alternative path: \n 5b. The Resident does not have cell phone reception, \"No cell phone reception\" extension use case is initiated \n 4a. The System shows alternatives to calling for help\n | \n
| Entry condition | \nResident has access to SiMCity system | \n
| Exit condition | \nPublicSafety has been called | \n
| Quality requirements | \n\n Displayed help options are relevant for resident\u2019s area \n It should take at most 3 clicks to call PublicSafety\n | \n
| Use Case Order Pizza | \n\u00abincludes\u00bb | \nUse Case Select Topping | \n
\n \n\n
| \n\u00abextends\u00bb | \n\n \n\n
| \n
| Use case name | \nSearch for course | \n
|---|---|
| Participating actors | \nStudent Actor-step | \n
| Flow of events | \n\n 1. The student selects to search for a course. \n 2. The system shows a list of courses. System-step\n 3. The student enters a filter to search for a course. \n The use case 'Enter search filter' is invoked. \n 4. The system displays a list of courses that match the student\u2019s filter.\n | \n
| Entry condition | \nThe student is logged in. | \n
| Exit condition | \nA list of courses that match the search filter is produced. | \n
| Quality requirements | \nIt should take the student at most three clicks to search for a course (NFR5) | \n
| Machine | \nTape | \n
|---|---|
| Start | \n\u2193 $\\sqcup x$ | \n
| Copy | \n\u2193 $\\sqcup x \\sqcup x$ | \n
| NB | \n$\\sqcup x \u2193 \\sqcup x$ | \n
| R | \n$\\sqcup x \u2193 \\sqcup x^r$ | \n
| PB | \n\u2193 $\\sqcup x \\sqcup x^r$ | \n
| Equal | \n$\\sqcup x \\sqcup x^r \u2193 \\sqcup$ | \n
| \n | 0 | \n1 | \n0 | \n1 | \n0 | \n\u25af | \n\u22ef | \n
| M | \na | \na | \na | \n\u25af | \n\u22ef | \n||
| \n | b | \na | \n\u25af | \n\u22ef | \n
| CASH | \n|||
| [Image of $100 bills dispensing slot with visible serial number LF51713969A] | \n|||
| 1 | \n2 | \n3 | \nCancel | \n
| 4 | \n5 | \n6 | \nCorrect | \n
| 7 | \n8 | \n9 | \n\n |
| 0 | \n00 | \nConfirm | \n
| Car | \n
|---|
| model | \n
| color | \n
| year | \n
| drive() | \n
| Flight | \n\n | FrequentFlyer | \n||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | \nduration | \n\n | firstName | \nupgrade() | \n
| arrivalTime | \n\n | \n | lastName | \n|
| delayFlight(Minutes) | \n\n | frequentFlyerNumber | \n
| MileageCredit | \n
|---|
| baseMiles | \n
| bonusMiles | \n
| \n Internal \n \n Builds the system\n | \n \n Developer \n Builds the system\n | \n \n User \n Uses the system\n | \n \n Customer \n Sponsors/commissions the system\n | \n
| \n External\n | \n
| YOUR USER REQUIREMENTS INCLUDE FOUR HUNDRED FEATURES. | \n\n | DO YOU REALIZE THAT NO HUMAN WOULD BE ABLE TO USE A PRODUCT WITH THAT LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY? | \n\n | GOOD POINT. I'D BETTER ADD \"EASY TO USE\" TO THE LIST. | \n
| \\( q_2 \\) | \n\\( 0^* \\cup 11^*0 \\) | \n\\( q_5 \\) | \n
| \n | \n | b | \n
| \n | a | \n\n |
| 1 | \n\n | 2 | \n
| \\(\\varepsilon\\) | \na | \n\\(\\varepsilon\\) | \n
| s | \nb | \nb | \n
| \n | 3 | \n\\(\\varepsilon\\) | \n
| \n | a | \n\n |
| \n | a | \n\n |
| Doing a lot of work but no real progress towards the goal | \n||
|---|---|---|
| 100% | \nProductive Work | \nThrashing | \n
| 0% | \nProcess | \n|
| Beginning of Project | \nEnd of Project | \n
| Requirements specification | \nDesign | \nImplementation | \nVerification & Validation | \n Evolution | \n
| What should the system do? | \nHow to organize the system? | \nHow to implement the system? | \nHow to test the system? | \nHow to change/maintain the system? | \n
| Risk Management | \nRationale Management | \nDelivery | \nConfiguration Management | \n\n |
| Project initiation | \n
| Concept exploration | \n
| Requirements | \n
| Analysis | \n
| Implementation | \n
| Verification & Validation | \n
| Deployment | \n
| Maintenance | \n
| Rarely | \nSometimes | \nFrequently | \n
|---|---|---|
| \n \u2193 \u2193 \n Sequential models \n Waterfall, V-Model \n | \n\n \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \n Iterative models \n Spiral Model, Unified Process \n | \n\n \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \u2193 \n Agile \n Scrum, Kanban, XP \n | \n
| \n | R1 | \nR2 | \nR3 | \nR4 | \n\n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top down integration | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \nUI | \n
| \u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \nMiddleware | \n|
| \u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \n\u25a0 | \nData Access | \n
| \n | R1 | \nR2 | \nR3 | \nR4 | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UI | \n\n | |||
| Middleware | \n\n | |||
| Data Access | \n\n |
| \n | R1 | \nR2 | \nR3 | \nR4 | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UI | \n\n | |||
| Middleware | \n\n | |||
| Data Access | \n\n |
| \n | R1 | \nR2 | \nR3 | \nR4 | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UI | \n\n | \n | \n | \n |
| Middleware | \n\n | \n | \n | \n |
| Data Access | \n\n | \n | \n | \n |
| \n | Delivery Frequency | \n\n | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Degree of Change | \nlow | \n\n | \n | high | \n
| \n | Predictive | \n\n | Incremental | \n\n |
| low | \n\n | \n | \n | \n |
| \n | \n | \n | \n | \n |
| high | \nIterative | \n\n | \n | Adaptive (Agile) | \n
| Predictive | \n\n | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plan | \nAnalysis | \nDesign | \nCode | \nTest | \nDeploy | \n3 to 24 months | \n
| Iterative | \n|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plan | \nAnalysis | \nDesign | \nCode | \nTest | \nDeploy | \nPlan | \nAnalysis | \n
| Design | \nCode | \nTest | \nDeploy | \nPlan | \nAnalysis | \nDesign | \nCode | \n
| Test | \nDeploy | \n1 to 3 months | \n1 to 3 months | \n1 to 3 months | \n1 to 3 months | \n\n | \n |
| Adaptive | \n\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \n
| Iteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \n
| Iteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \nIteration | \n
| Plan | \nAnalysis | \nDesign | \nCode | \nTest | \nDeploy | \n1 - 4 weeks | \n
|---|
| Example | \nGrammatical construct | \nUML element | \n
|---|---|---|
| sinkhole | \nProper noun | \nObject | \n
| resident | \nImproper noun | \nClass | \n
| track | \nAction verb | \nOperation | \n
| is a | \nBeing verb | \nInheritance | \n
| has a | \nHaving (verb) | \nAggregation | \n
| must have a | \nModal verb | \nConstraint | \n
| fun | \nAdjective | \nAttribute | \n
| report | \nTransitive verb | \nOperation | \n
| depends on | \nIntransitive verb | \nConstraint, class, association | \n
| Entity | \nControl | \nBoundary | \n
|---|---|---|
| Sinkhole | \nSinkholeReporter | \nWebPlatform | \n
| Location | \nSinkholeVerifier | \nMobilePlatform | \n
| Area | \nAuthenticator | \nCityAuthority | \n
| User | \nMapController | \nMapView | \n
| Map | \nPhotoManager | \nStorage | \n
| Photo | \nNotifier | \n\n |
| Pizza | \n
|---|
| size toppings[ ] | \n
| bake() calculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Pizza | \n|
|---|---|
| size | \ntoppings[] | \n
| bake() | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Pizza | \n|
|---|---|
| size | \ntoppings[] | \n
| bake() | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Pizza | \n
|---|
| size | \n
| toppings[] | \n
| bake() | \n
| calculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Pizza | \n|
|---|---|
| size | \ntoppings[] | \n
| bake() | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Pizza | \n|
|---|---|
| size | \n\n |
| toppings[] | \n\n |
| bake() | \n\n |
| calculateExpectedTime() | \n\n |
| Car | \n|
|---|---|
| model | \nSuperclass | \n
| color | \n|
| year | \n|
| drive() | \n\n |
| SportsCar | \n|
|---|---|
| model | \nSubclass | \n
| color | \n|
| year | \n|
| maxSpeed | \n|
| drive() | \n
| Abstract superclass (italics) | \n||
|---|---|---|
| <<abstract>> Vehicle | \n ||
| model | \ncolor | \nyear | \n
| drive() (Abstract method) | \n||
| Inheritance | \n||
| \n Car \n numberOfTires \n drive() \n numberOfTires \n drive()\n | \n\n | \n Boat \n numberOfSeats \n drive() \n numberOfSeats \n drive()\n | \n
| Concrete method | \n
| Pancake | \n||
|---|---|---|
| cook() | \n||
| Blueberry Pancake | \n\n | ChocolateChip Pancake | \n
| cook() | \n\n | cook() | \n
| Pizza | \nTopping | \n||
|---|---|---|---|
| size | \nAggregation, \"consists of/has\" | \nname | \nMultiplicity, \"1-to-many\" | \n
| bake() | \namount | \n||
| calculateExpectedTime() | \nisVegetarian() | \n
| Class | \nAssociation | \n|||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\n \n\n
| \nAttribute | \n\n \n\n
| \n * | \n* | \n\n \n\n
| \n |||||||||||||
| Methods | \n\n | \n | \n | |||||||||||||||
| * means \"0..*\" | \n
| Student | \n\n | Pizza | \n
|---|---|---|
| name | \nfavoritePizza * | \nsize | \n
| isHungry | \n\n | price | \n
| isVegetarian | \n\n | \n |
| eat() | \n\n | bake() | \n
| \n | \n | calculateExpectedTime() | \n
| Student | \n\n | Pizza | \n
|---|---|---|
| name | \n* | \nsize | \n
| isHungry | \nprice | \n|
| isVegetarian | \nbake() | \n|
| eat() | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n|
| \n | \n | order() | \n
| Student | \n1 | \n* | \nOrder | \n
| Course | \n1..6 | \n10..* | \nStudent | \n
| City | \n* | \n\n | Person | \n
| Multiplicity | \nMeaning | \n
|---|---|
| 1 | \nExactly 1 (default) | \n
| * | \nZero or more (unlimited) | \n
| 0..* | \nZero or more (unlimited); same as * | \n
| 1..* | \nOne or more | \n
| 0..1 | \nZero or one (optional) | \n
| 2..42 | \nSpecified range | \n
| 2, 4, 6..8 | \nMultiple, disjoint ranges | \n
| Input | \n\n | Input | \n\n | Input | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| View | \nView | \nView | \n||
| Controller | \nPresenter | \nView Model | \n||
| Model | \nModel | \nModel | \n
| \n Authentication \n userName \n password \n login() \n logout() \n resetPassword()\n | \n\n Customer \n name \n emailAddress \n address\n | \n * | \n\n Order \n date \n status \n create() \n confirm() \n calculateTotal() \n view()\n | \n\n Payment \n amount \n process() \n pay()\n | \n
| \n | \n | \n Shipment \n date \n trackingNumber \n schedule()\n | \n\n Product \n name \n description \n price \n add() \n remove() \n checkStock()\n | \n\n |
| \n | \n 1..20\n | \n|||
| \n | \n PaymentMethod \n select()\n | \n |||
| \n | \n ApplePay \n select()\n | \n\n Credit/Debit \n select()\n | \n\n |
| \n Authentication \n userName \n password \n login() \n logout() \n resetPassword()\n | \n \n Customer \n name \n emailAddress \n address\n | \n \n Order \n date \n status \n create() \n confirm() \n calculateTotal() \n view()\n | \n \n Payment \n amount \n process() \n pay()\n | \n
| \n Shipment \n date \n trackingNumber \n schedule()\n | \n \n Product \n name \n description \n price \n add() \n remove() \n checkStock()\n | \n ||
| \n PaymentMethod \n select()\n | \n |||
| \n ApplePay \n select()\n | \n \n Credit/Debit \n select()\n | \n
| Authentication | \n\u00absubsystem\u00bb Customer | \n Order | \n\u00absubsystem\u00bb Payment | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| userName | \nname | \ndate | \namount | \n
| password | \nemailAddress | \nstatus | \n\n |
| login() | \naddress | \ncreate() | \nprocess() | \n
| logout() | \n\n | confirm() | \npay() | \n
| resetPassword() | \n\n | calculateTotal() | \n\n |
| \n | \n | view() | \n\n |
| \u00absubsystem\u00bb Inventory | \n Shipment | \nProduct | \nPaymentMethod | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| \n | date | \nname | \n\n |
| \n | trackingNumber | \ndescription | \nselect() | \n
| \n | schedule() | \nprice | \n\n |
| \n | \n | add() | \nApplePay | \n
| \n | \n | remove() | \nselect() | \n
| \n | \n | checkStock() | \nCredit/Debit | \n
| \n | \n | \n | select() | \n
| Baker | \n* | \nOrder | \n1..10 | \nPizza | \n\n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | \nanchovyLover | \ntotalPrice | \ndeliveryType | \naddExtraPineapple() | \n|
| makePizza() | \n\n | complete() | \ncalculateExpectedTime() | \n||
| Student | \ncreate() | \n\n | |||
| name | \nemailAddress | \n\n | \n | ||
| address | \n\n | \n | \n | ||
| notify() | \n\n | \n | \n |
| Topping | \n|
|---|---|
| name | \namount | \n
| isVegetarian() | \n|
| 0..5 | \n
| HawaiianPizza | \nYinzerPizza | \n
|---|---|
| addExtraPineapple() | \naddExtraFries() | \n
| FR# | \nShort title | \n: | \nDescription | \n
\n \n\n
| \n
| NFR# | \nShort title | \n[Category] | \nDescription | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| Should be numbered based on their \u27a1\ufe0f priority | \nCan be in imperative mood, can be a noun. Should be expressive! | \nE.g. Usability | \nThe description should not include implementation details! | \n
| # | \nMilestone | \nPt | \nStart | \nDue | \nFormat | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | \nTeam formation | \n1 | \n09/16 | \n09/18 | \nTeam / preferences | \n
| 0 | \nProject Kickoff (Problem Statement) | \n5 | \n09/19 | \n09/25 | \nProblem Statement | \n
| 1 | \nSprint 1: Requirements & Use Cases | \n15 | \n09/25 | \n10/07 | \nRequirements, user stories, use case diagram, acceptance criteria | \n
| 2 | \nSprint 2: Analysis & Modeling | \n10 | \n10/07 | \n10/21 | \nAnalysis object model, class diagram, 2 dynamic models | \n
| 3 | \nSprint 3: Architecture & Tech Stack | \n10 | \n10/21 | \n11/04 | \nArchitecture model, choice of stack | \n
| 4 | \nSprint 4: Implementation | \n0 | \n11/04 | \n11/18 | \nBasic skeleton running | \n
| 5 | \nSprint 5: Presentation & Delivery | \n50 | \n11/18 | \n12/05 | \nFinal code, documentation, live demo | \n
| Assignment | \nPt | \nStart | \nDue | \nTopic | \n
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | \n25 | \n09/18 | \n09/27 | \nRequirements | \n
| A2 | \n25 | \n10/07 | \n10/16 | \nModeling | \n
| A3 | \n25 | \n10/30 | \n11/11 | \nPatterns | \n
| A4 | \n25 | \n11/18 | \n12/05 | \nTesting | \n
| Lecture | \nIn-class exercises | \nQuizzes & Rapid Recaps | \n ||
| Theoretical knowledge | \nApply knowledge | \nTest knowledge | \n||
| Guided | \nCollaborative | \nSelf | \n\n | \n |
| \n | Team Project | \nAssignments | \n\n |
| # | \nDate | \nSubject | \n
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \n08/26/2025 | \nIntroduction | \n
| 08/28/2025 | \n||
| 2 | \n09/02/2025 | \nModel-based Engineering | \n
| 09/04/2025 | \n||
| 3 | \n09/09/2025 | \nRequirements Analysis | \n
| 09/11/2025 | \n||
| \u2026 | \n\u2026 | \n
| % LG Breakdown | \n||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| >= 90% | \nA | \n100% \u2014 97% A+ | \n||
| 96% \u2014 94% A | \n||||
| 93% \u2014 90% A- | \n||||
| >= 80% | \nB | \n89% \u2014 87% B+ | \n||
| 86% \u2014 84% B | \n||||
| 83% \u2014 80% B- | \n||||
| >= 70% | \nC | \n79% \u2014 77% C+ | \n||
| 76% \u2014 74% C | \n||||
| 73% \u2014 70% C- | \n||||
| >= 60% | \nD | \n69% \u2014 67% D+ | \n||
| 66% \u2014 64% D | \n||||
| 63% \u2014 60% D- | \n||||
| < 60% | \nF | \n59% \u2014 0% | \n\n | F | \n
| Type | \nPercentage | \n
|---|---|
| In-class Rapid Recaps | \n10% | \n
| In-class Exercises | \n20% | \n
| Individual Homework Assignments | \n30% | \n
| Team Project | \n40% | \n
| gradescope | \nI1 - Defining a system | \n
| \n | 2 points by Turnitin | \n
| gradescope | \nI1 - Defining a system | \n
| 2 points by Turnitin | \n
| Symbol read | \nq1 Start | \n||||||||||
| 0 | \nq1 | \n||||||||||
| 1 | \n\n \n\n
| \n0,1 | \n0,1 | \n||||||||
| 0 | \n\n \n\n
| \n\n \n\n
| \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n\\(\\varepsilon\\) | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(\\{q_1\\}\\) | \n\\(\\{q_1, q_2\\}\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n
| \\(q_2\\) | \n\\(\\{q_3\\}\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n\\(\\{q_3\\}\\) | \n
| \\(q_3\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n\\(\\{q_4\\}\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n
| \\(q_4\\) | \n\\(\\{q_4\\}\\) | \n\\(\\{q_4\\}\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n
| \u03b4 | \n0 | \n1 | \n\u03b5 | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| q1 | \n{q1} | \n{q1, q2} | \n\u2205 | \n
| q2 | \n{q3} | \n\u2205 | \n{q3} | \n
| q3 | \n\u2205 | \n{q4} | \n\u2205 | \n
| q4 | \n{q4} | \n{q4} | \n\u2205 | \n
| State | \nTransition/Input | \nNext State(s) | \nSet Representation | \nResulting Set | \n|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| q1 | \nStart | \n{q1} | \n\n | = {q1} | \n|
| q1 | \n0 | \nq1 | \n\n | = {q1} | \n|
| q1 | \n1 | \nq1, q2, q3 | \n{q1, q2, q3} | \n= {q1, q2, q3} | \n|
| \n | 0 | \nq1, q3 | \n{q1} \u222a {q3} \u222a \u2205 | \n= {q1, q3} | \n|
| \n | 1 | \nq1, q2, q3, q4 | \n{q1, q2, q3} \u222a {q4} | \n= {q1, q2, q3, q4} | \n|
| \n | 1 | \nq1, q2, q3, q4 | \n{q1, q2, q3} \u222a \u2205 \u222a {q4} \u222a {q4} | \n= {q1, q2, q3, q4} | \n|
| \n | 0 | \nq1, q3, q4 | \n{q1} \u222a {q3} \u222a \u2205 \u222a {q4} \u222a {q4} | \n= {q1, q3,", "mimetype": "text/plain", "start_char_idx": 1, "end_char_idx": 1995, "metadata_seperator": "\n", "text_template": "{metadata_str}\n\n{content}", "class_name": "TextNode"}, "__type__": "1"}, "a56c9b23-c481-44bf-bc26-f353c0d3847c": {"__data__": {"id_": "a56c9b23-c481-44bf-bc26-f353c0d3847c", "embedding": null, "metadata": {"page_number": 19, "file_name": "data/finite_automata_03_handout.pdf"}, "excluded_embed_metadata_keys": [], "excluded_llm_metadata_keys": [], "relationships": {"1": {"node_id": "dd0a9c1d-115f-466a-bf74-24eeb03a0ba3", "node_type": "4", "metadata": {"page_number": 19, "file_name": "data/finite_automata_03_handout.pdf"}, "hash": "6e672954390577b454118d671d77585a85642d7d0e7a1ba7ef0f3e4dd758864e", "class_name": "RelatedNodeInfo"}, "2": {"node_id": "3e7ffe36-12db-4f88-b6e4-3b5ad7af0b1d", "node_type": "1", "metadata": {"page_number": 19, "file_name": "data/finite_automata_03_handout.pdf"}, "hash": "2bafbe39f8438d4fcbbabf0b809d85cb373fccff16b3671f3fa07fbdb34156c7", "class_name": "RelatedNodeInfo"}}, "metadata_template": "{key}: {value}", "metadata_separator": "\n", "text": "q2, q3} \u222a \u2205 \u222a {q4} \u222a {q4} | \n= {q1, q2, q3, q4} | \n
| \n | 0 | \nq1, q3, q4 | \n{q1} \u222a {q3} \u222a \u2205 \u222a {q4} \u222a {q4} | \n= {q1, q3, q4} | \n
| \n | 0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_0\\) | \n\\(\\{q_0\\}\\) | \n\\(\\{q_0, q_1\\}\\) | \n
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n\\(\\emptyset\\) | \n
| \n | 0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \\(q_0\\) | \n{\\(q_0\\)} | \n{\\(q_0, q_1\\)} | \n
| \\(q_1\\) | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| \\(\\delta'\\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| {\\(q_0\\)} | \n{\\(q_0\\)} | \n{\\(q_0, q_1\\)} | \n
| {\\(q_1\\)} | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| {\\(q_0, q_1\\)} | \n{\\(q_0\\)} | \n{\\(q_0, q_1\\)} | \n
| \\( \\delta' \\) | \n0 | \n1 | \n
|---|---|---|
| \u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| {\\( q_0 \\)} | \n{\\( q_0 \\)} | \n{\\( q_0, q_1 \\)} | \n
| {\\( q_1 \\)} | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| {\\( q_0, q_1 \\)} | \n{\\( q_0 \\)} | \n{\\( q_0, q_1 \\)} | \n
| \n | a | \nb | \n\u03b5 | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | \n\u2205 | \n{2} | \n{3} | \n
| 2 | \n{2, 3} | \n{3} | \n\u2205 | \n
| 3 | \n{1} | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| \\(\\delta\\) | \na | \nb | \n\\(\\varepsilon\\) | \n
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | \n\u2205 | \n{2} | \n{3} | \n
| 2 | \n{2, 3} | \n{3} | \n\u2205 | \n
| 3 | \n{1} | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| \\(\\delta'\\) | \na | \nb | \n
|---|---|---|
| \u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n\u2205 | \n
| {1} | \n\u2205 | \n{2} | \n
| {2} | \n{2, 3} | \n{3} | \n
| {3} | \n{1, 3} | \n\u2205 | \n
| {1, 2} | \n{2, 3} | \n{2, 3} | \n
| {1, 3} | \n{1, 3} | \n{2} | \n
| {2, 3} | \n{1, 2, 3} | \n{3} | \n
| {1, 2, 3} | \n{1, 2, 3} | \n{2, 3} | \n
| \n | a | \nb | \n
|---|---|---|
| \u2205 | \u2205 | \u2205 |
| {1} | \u2205 | {2} |
| {2} | {2, 3} | {3} |
| {3} | {1, 3} | \u2205 |
| {1, 2} | {2, 3} | {2, 3} |
| {1, 3} | {1, 3} | {2} |
| {2, 3} | {1, 2, 3} | {3} |
| {1, 2, 3} | {1, 2, 3} | {2, 3} |
| \n \\( N_1 \\)\n \n [Diagram of \\( N_1 \\) with states and transitions, including an initial state with an incoming arrow, multiple states, and three double-circled accept states on the right side]\n | \n\n \\( N_2 \\)\n \n [Diagram of \\( N_2 \\) with states and transitions, including an initial state with an incoming arrow, multiple states, and two double-circled accept states on the right side]\n | \n
| \n \\( N_1 \\) \n \n | \n\n \\( N_2 \\) \n \n | \n
| \n Transitions: \n \\(\\varepsilon\\) transitions from each accept state of \\(N_1\\) to the start state of \\(N_2\\)\n | \n
| Application Domain | \nSolution Domain | \nApplication Domain | \n|
| Requirements Elicitation | \n Requirements Analysis | \n Deployment / Delivery | \n Maintenance | \n
| \"What is the problem?\" | \nSystem Design | \n\"How is the system used / maintained?\" | \n|
| \n | Object Design | \n\n | |
| \n | Implementation | \n\n | |
| \n | Testing & Validation | \n\n | |
| \n | \"What is the solution?\" | \n\n |
| Phase | \nExample | \n
|---|---|
| Problem Definition | \nStudents complain they can\u2019t find parking spots near class on time | \n
| Requirements Elicitation | \nInterview students: Need real-time lot status, navigation to nearest open spot | \n
| Requirements Analysis | \nCreate a use-case diagram for \u2018Find Spot\u2019 & model state machine for lot occupancy | \n
| Solution Domain \u2013 Design | \nDecide: mobile app + backend API with sensor data | \n
| Implementation | \nBuild app using Flutter, connect to database | \n
| Testing/Validation | \nCheck that parking spot data updates every 10 seconds | \n
| Deployment/ Maintenance | \nRelease to App Store, monitor usage, fix bugs | \n