camel/toolkits/open_api_toolkit.py

# ========= Copyright 2023-2024 @ CAMEL-AI.org. All Rights Reserved. =========
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ========= Copyright 2023-2024 @ CAMEL-AI.org. All Rights Reserved. =========
import json
import os
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple

import requests

from camel.toolkits import FunctionTool, openapi_security_config
from camel.types import OpenAPIName


class OpenAPIToolkit:
    r"""A class representing a toolkit for interacting with OpenAPI APIs.

    This class provides methods for interacting with APIs based on OpenAPI
    specifications. It dynamically generates functions for each API operation
    defined in the OpenAPI specification, allowing users to make HTTP requests
    to the API endpoints.
    """

    def parse_openapi_file(
        self, openapi_spec_path: str
    ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        r"""Load and parse an OpenAPI specification file.

        This function utilizes the `prance.ResolvingParser` to parse and
        resolve the given OpenAPI specification file, returning the parsed
        OpenAPI specification as a dictionary.

        Args:
            openapi_spec_path (str): The file path or URL to the OpenAPI
                specification.

        Returns:
            Optional[Dict[str, Any]]: The parsed OpenAPI specification
                as a dictionary. :obj:`None` if the package is not installed.
        """
        try:
            import prance
        except Exception:
            return None

        # Load the OpenAPI spec
        parser = prance.ResolvingParser(
            openapi_spec_path, backend="openapi-spec-validator", strict=False
        )
        openapi_spec = parser.specification
        version = openapi_spec.get('openapi', {})
        if not version:
            raise ValueError(
                "OpenAPI version not specified in the spec. "
                "Only OPENAPI 3.0.x and 3.1.x are supported."
            )
        if not (version.startswith('3.0') or version.startswith('3.1')):
            raise ValueError(
                f"Unsupported OpenAPI version: {version}. "
                f"Only OPENAPI 3.0.x and 3.1.x are supported."
            )
        return openapi_spec

    def openapi_spec_to_openai_schemas(
        self, api_name: str, openapi_spec: Dict[str, Any]
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        r"""Convert OpenAPI specification to OpenAI schema format.

        This function iterates over the paths and operations defined in an
        OpenAPI specification, filtering out deprecated operations. For each
        operation, it constructs a schema in a format suitable for OpenAI,
        including operation metadata such as function name, description,
        parameters, and request bodies. It raises a ValueError if an operation
        lacks a description or summary.

        Args:
            api_name (str): The name of the API, used to prefix generated
                function names.
            openapi_spec (Dict[str, Any]): The OpenAPI specification as a
                dictionary.

        Returns:
            List[Dict[str, Any]]: A list of dictionaries, each representing a
                function in the OpenAI schema format, including details about
                the function's name, description, and parameters.

        Raises:
            ValueError: If an operation in the OpenAPI specification
                does not have a description or summary.

        Note:
            This function assumes that the OpenAPI specification
            follows the 3.0+ format.

        Reference:
            https://swagger.io/specification/
        """
        result = []

        for path, path_item in openapi_spec.get('paths', {}).items():
            for method, op in path_item.items():
                if op.get('deprecated') is True:
                    continue

                # Get the function name from the operationId
                # or construct it from the API method, and path
                function_name = f"{api_name}"
                operation_id = op.get('operationId')
                if operation_id:
                    function_name += f"_{operation_id}"
                else:
                    function_name += f"{method}{path.replace('/', '_')}"

                description = op.get('description') or op.get('summary')
                if not description:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"{method} {path} Operation from {api_name} "
                        f"does not have a description or summary."
                    )
                description += " " if description[-1] != " " else ""
                description += f"This function is from {api_name} API. "

                # If the OpenAPI spec has a description,
                # add it to the operation description
                if 'description' in openapi_spec.get('info', {}):
                    description += f"{openapi_spec['info']['description']}"

                # Get the parameters for the operation, if any
                params = op.get('parameters', [])
                properties: Dict[str, Any] = {}
                required = []

                for param in params:
                    if not param.get('deprecated', False):
                        param_name = param['name'] + '_in_' + param['in']
                        properties[param_name] = {}

                        if 'description' in param:
                            properties[param_name]['description'] = param[
                                'description'
                            ]

                        if 'schema' in param:
                            if (
                                properties[param_name].get('description')
                                and 'description' in param['schema']
                            ):
                                param['schema'].pop('description')
                            properties[param_name].update(param['schema'])

                        if param.get('required'):
                            required.append(param_name)

                        # If the property dictionary does not have a
                        # description, use the parameter name as
                        # the description
                        if 'description' not in properties[param_name]:
                            properties[param_name]['description'] = param[
                                'name'
                            ]

                        if 'type' not in properties[param_name]:
                            properties[param_name]['type'] = 'Any'

                # Process requestBody if present
                if 'requestBody' in op:
                    properties['requestBody'] = {}
                    requestBody = op['requestBody']
                    if requestBody.get('required') is True:
                        required.append('requestBody')

                    content = requestBody.get('content', {})
                    json_content = content.get('application/json', {})
                    json_schema = json_content.get('schema', {})
                    if json_schema:
                        properties['requestBody'] = json_schema
                    if 'description' not in properties['requestBody']:
                        properties['requestBody']['description'] = (
                            "The request body, with parameters specifically "
                            "described under the `properties` key"
                        )

                function = {
                    "type": "function",
                    "function": {
                        "name": function_name,
                        "description": description,
                        "parameters": {
                            "type": "object",
                            "properties": properties,
                            "required": required,
                        },
                    },
                }
                result.append(function)

        return result  # Return the result list

    def openapi_function_decorator(
        self,
        api_name: str,
        base_url: str,
        path: str,
        method: str,
        openapi_security: List[Dict[str, Any]],
        sec_schemas: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]],
        operation: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> Callable:
        r"""Decorate a function to make HTTP requests based on OpenAPI
        specification details.

        This decorator dynamically constructs and executes an API request based
        on the provided OpenAPI operation specifications, security
        requirements, and parameters.  It supports operations secured with
        `apiKey` type security schemes and automatically injects the necessary
        API keys from environment variables. Parameters in `path`, `query`,
        `header`, and `cookie` are also supported.

        Args:
            api_name (str): The name of the API, used to retrieve API key names
                and URLs from the configuration.
            base_url (str): The base URL for the API.
            path (str): The path for the API endpoint,
                relative to the base URL.
            method (str): The HTTP method (e.g., 'get', 'post')
                for the request.
            openapi_security (List[Dict[str, Any]]): The global security
                definitions as specified in the OpenAPI specs.
            sec_schemas (Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]): Detailed security schemes.
            operation (Dict[str, Any]): A dictionary containing the OpenAPI
                operation details, including parameters and request body
                definitions.

        Returns:
            Callable: A decorator that, when applied to a function, enables the
                function to make HTTP requests based on the provided OpenAPI
                operation details.

        Raises:
            TypeError: If the security requirements include unsupported types.
            ValueError: If required API keys are missing from environment
                variables or if the content type of the request body is
                unsupported.
        """

        def inner_decorator(openapi_function: Callable) -> Callable:
            def wrapper(**kwargs):
                request_url = f"{base_url.rstrip('/')}/{path.lstrip('/')}"
                headers = {}
                params = {}
                cookies = {}

                # Security definition of operation overrides any declared
                # top-level security.
                sec_requirements = operation.get('security', openapi_security)
                avail_sec_requirement = {}
                # Write to avaliable_security_requirement only if all the
                # security_type are "apiKey"
                for security_requirement in sec_requirements:
                    have_unsupported_type = False
                    for sec_scheme_name, _ in security_requirement.items():
                        sec_type = sec_schemas.get(sec_scheme_name).get('type')
                        if sec_type != "apiKey":
                            have_unsupported_type = True
                            break
                    if have_unsupported_type is False:
                        avail_sec_requirement = security_requirement
                        break

                if sec_requirements and not avail_sec_requirement:
                    raise TypeError(
                        "Only security schemas of type `apiKey` are supported."
                    )

                for sec_scheme_name, _ in avail_sec_requirement.items():
                    try:
                        API_KEY_NAME = openapi_security_config.get(
                            api_name
                        ).get(sec_scheme_name)
                        api_key_value = os.environ[API_KEY_NAME]
                    except Exception:
                        api_key_url = openapi_security_config.get(
                            api_name
                        ).get('get_api_key_url')
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"`{API_KEY_NAME}` not found in environment "
                            f"variables. "
                            f"Get `{API_KEY_NAME}` here: {api_key_url}"
                        )
                    request_key_name = sec_schemas.get(sec_scheme_name).get(
                        'name'
                    )
                    request_key_in = sec_schemas.get(sec_scheme_name).get('in')
                    if request_key_in == 'query':
                        params[request_key_name] = api_key_value
                    elif request_key_in == 'header':
                        headers[request_key_name] = api_key_value
                    elif request_key_in == 'coolie':
                        cookies[request_key_name] = api_key_value

                # Assign parameters to the correct position
                for param in operation.get('parameters', []):
                    input_param_name = param['name'] + '_in_' + param['in']
                    # Irrelevant arguments does not affect function operation
                    if input_param_name in kwargs:
                        if param['in'] == 'path':
                            request_url = request_url.replace(
                                f"{{{param['name']}}}",
                                str(kwargs[input_param_name]),
                            )
                        elif param['in'] == 'query':
                            params[param['name']] = kwargs[input_param_name]
                        elif param['in'] == 'header':
                            headers[param['name']] = kwargs[input_param_name]
                        elif param['in'] == 'cookie':
                            cookies[param['name']] = kwargs[input_param_name]

                if 'requestBody' in operation:
                    request_body = kwargs.get('requestBody', {})
                    content_type_list = list(
                        operation.get('requestBody', {})
                        .get('content', {})
                        .keys()
                    )
                    if content_type_list:
                        content_type = content_type_list[0]
                        headers.update({"Content-Type": content_type})

                    # send the request body based on the Content-Type
                    if content_type == "application/json":
                        response = requests.request(
                            method.upper(),
                            request_url,
                            params=params,
                            headers=headers,
                            cookies=cookies,
                            json=request_body,
                        )
                    else:
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"Unsupported content type: {content_type}"
                        )
                else:
                    # If there is no requestBody, no request body is sent
                    response = requests.request(
                        method.upper(),
                        request_url,
                        params=params,
                        headers=headers,
                        cookies=cookies,
                    )

                try:
                    return response.json()
                except json.JSONDecodeError:
                    raise ValueError(
                        "Response could not be decoded as JSON. "
                        "Please check the input parameters."
                    )

            return wrapper

        return inner_decorator

    def generate_openapi_funcs(
        self, api_name: str, openapi_spec: Dict[str, Any]
    ) -> List[Callable]:
        r"""Generates a list of Python functions based on
        OpenAPI specification.

        This function dynamically creates a list of callable functions that
        represent the API operations defined in an OpenAPI specification
        document. Each function is designed to perform an HTTP request
        corresponding to an API operation (e.g., GET, POST) as defined in
        the specification. The functions are decorated with
        `openapi_function_decorator`, which configures them to construct and
        send the HTTP requests with appropriate parameters, headers, and body
        content.

        Args:
            api_name (str): The name of the API, used to prefix generated
                function names.
            openapi_spec (Dict[str, Any]): The OpenAPI specification as a
                dictionary.

        Returns:
            List[Callable]: A list containing the generated functions. Each
                function, when called, will make an HTTP request according to
                its corresponding API operation defined in the OpenAPI
                specification.

        Raises:
            ValueError: If the OpenAPI specification does not contain server
                information, which is necessary for determining the base URL
                for the API requests.
        """
        # Check server information
        servers = openapi_spec.get('servers', [])
        if not servers:
            raise ValueError("No server information found in OpenAPI spec.")
        base_url = servers[0].get('url')  # Use the first server URL

        # Security requirement objects for all methods
        openapi_security = openapi_spec.get('security', {})
        # Security schemas which can be reused by different methods
        sec_schemas = openapi_spec.get('components', {}).get(
            'securitySchemes', {}
        )
        functions = []

        # Traverse paths and methods
        for path, methods in openapi_spec.get('paths', {}).items():
            for method, operation in methods.items():
                # Get the function name from the operationId
                # or construct it from the API method, and path
                operation_id = operation.get('operationId')
                if operation_id:
                    function_name = f"{api_name}_{operation_id}"
                else:
                    sanitized_path = path.replace('/', '_').strip('_')
                    function_name = f"{api_name}_{method}_{sanitized_path}"

                @self.openapi_function_decorator(
                    api_name,
                    base_url,
                    path,
                    method,
                    openapi_security,
                    sec_schemas,
                    operation,
                )
                def openapi_function(**kwargs):
                    pass

                openapi_function.__name__ = function_name

                functions.append(openapi_function)

        return functions

    def apinames_filepaths_to_funs_schemas(
        self,
        apinames_filepaths: List[Tuple[str, str]],
    ) -> Tuple[List[Callable], List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
        r"""Combines functions and schemas from multiple OpenAPI
        specifications, using API names as keys.

        This function iterates over tuples of API names and OpenAPI spec file
        paths, parsing each spec to generate callable functions and schema
        dictionaries, all organized by API name.

        Args:
        apinames_filepaths (List[Tuple[str, str]]): A list of tuples, where
            each tuple consists of:
            - The API name (str) as the first element.
            - The file path (str) to the API's OpenAPI specification file as
                the second element.

        Returns:
            Tuple[List[Callable], List[Dict[str, Any]]]:: one of callable
                functions for API operations, and another of dictionaries
                representing the schemas from the specifications.
        """
        combined_func_lst = []
        combined_schemas_list = []
        for api_name, file_path in apinames_filepaths:
            # Parse the OpenAPI specification for each API
            current_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
            file_path = os.path.join(
                current_dir, 'open_api_specs', f'{api_name}', 'openapi.yaml'
            )

            openapi_spec = self.parse_openapi_file(file_path)
            if openapi_spec is None:
                return [], []

            # Generate and merge function schemas
            openapi_functions_schemas = self.openapi_spec_to_openai_schemas(
                api_name, openapi_spec
            )
            combined_schemas_list.extend(openapi_functions_schemas)

            # Generate and merge function lists
            openapi_functions_list = self.generate_openapi_funcs(
                api_name, openapi_spec
            )
            combined_func_lst.extend(openapi_functions_list)

        return combined_func_lst, combined_schemas_list

    def generate_apinames_filepaths(self) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]:
        """Generates a list of tuples containing API names and their
        corresponding file paths.

        This function iterates over the OpenAPIName enum, constructs the file
        path for each API's OpenAPI specification file, and appends a tuple of
        the API name and its file path to the list. The file paths are relative
        to the 'open_api_specs' directory located in the same directory as this
        script.

        Returns:
            List[Tuple[str, str]]: A list of tuples where each tuple contains
                two elements. The first element of each tuple is a string
                representing the name of an API, and the second element is a
                string that specifies the file path to that API's OpenAPI
                specification file.
        """
        apinames_filepaths = []
        current_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
        for api_name in OpenAPIName:
            file_path = os.path.join(
                current_dir,
                'open_api_specs',
                f'{api_name.value}',
                'openapi.yaml',
            )
            apinames_filepaths.append((api_name.value, file_path))
        return apinames_filepaths

    def get_tools(self) -> List[FunctionTool]:
        r"""Returns a list of FunctionTool objects representing the
        functions in the toolkit.

        Returns:
            List[FunctionTool]: A list of FunctionTool objects
                representing the functions in the toolkit.
        """
        apinames_filepaths = self.generate_apinames_filepaths()
        all_funcs_lst, all_schemas_lst = (
            self.apinames_filepaths_to_funs_schemas(apinames_filepaths)
        )
        return [
            FunctionTool(a_func, a_schema)
            for a_func, a_schema in zip(all_funcs_lst, all_schemas_lst)
        ]