data/schema.py

"""
Data Schema Definitions
=======================
Defines the structure of data used throughout the Traffic Accident
Reconstruction System.
"""

from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, Dict, Any
from enum import Enum
from datetime import datetime


# ============================================================
# ENUMERATIONS
# ============================================================

class VehicleType(Enum):
    """Types of vehicles."""
    SEDAN = "sedan"
    SUV = "suv"
    TRUCK = "truck"
    MOTORCYCLE = "motorcycle"
    BUS = "bus"


class Direction(Enum):
    """Cardinal and intercardinal directions."""
    NORTH = "north"
    NORTHEAST = "northeast"
    EAST = "east"
    SOUTHEAST = "southeast"
    SOUTH = "south"
    SOUTHWEST = "southwest"
    WEST = "west"
    NORTHWEST = "northwest"


class VehicleAction(Enum):
    """Possible vehicle actions."""
    GOING_STRAIGHT = "going_straight"
    TURNING_LEFT = "turning_left"
    TURNING_RIGHT = "turning_right"
    ENTERING_ROUNDABOUT = "entering_roundabout"
    EXITING_ROUNDABOUT = "exiting_roundabout"
    CHANGING_LANE_LEFT = "changing_lane_left"
    CHANGING_LANE_RIGHT = "changing_lane_right"
    SLOWING_DOWN = "slowing_down"
    ACCELERATING = "accelerating"
    STOPPED = "stopped"


class WeatherCondition(Enum):
    """Weather conditions."""
    CLEAR = "clear"
    CLOUDY = "cloudy"
    RAINY = "rainy"
    FOGGY = "foggy"
    SANDSTORM = "sandstorm"


class RoadCondition(Enum):
    """Road surface conditions."""
    DRY = "dry"
    WET = "wet"
    SANDY = "sandy"
    OILY = "oily"


class AccidentType(Enum):
    """Types of traffic accidents."""
    REAR_END_COLLISION = "rear_end_collision"
    SIDE_IMPACT = "side_impact"
    HEAD_ON_COLLISION = "head_on_collision"
    SIDESWIPE = "sideswipe"
    ROUNDABOUT_ENTRY_COLLISION = "roundabout_entry_collision"
    LANE_CHANGE_COLLISION = "lane_change_collision"
    INTERSECTION_COLLISION = "intersection_collision"


class Severity(Enum):
    """Accident severity levels."""
    MINOR = "minor"
    MODERATE = "moderate"
    SEVERE = "severe"


class RoadType(Enum):
    """Types of roads."""
    ROUNDABOUT = "roundabout"
    INTERSECTION = "intersection"
    HIGHWAY = "highway"
    URBAN_ROAD = "urban_road"


# ============================================================
# DATA CLASSES
# ============================================================

@dataclass
class Location:
    """Geographic location data."""
    name: str
    name_arabic: str = ""
    latitude: float = 0.0
    longitude: float = 0.0
    radius_meters: int = 150
    city: str = ""
    country: str = ""
    road_type: RoadType = RoadType.ROUNDABOUT
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "name": self.name,
            "name_arabic": self.name_arabic,
            "latitude": self.latitude,
            "longitude": self.longitude,
            "radius_meters": self.radius_meters,
            "city": self.city,
            "country": self.country,
            "road_type": self.road_type.value
        }


@dataclass
class Conditions:
    """Environmental conditions at time of accident."""
    weather: WeatherCondition = WeatherCondition.CLEAR
    road_condition: RoadCondition = RoadCondition.DRY
    visibility: float = 1.0  # 0.0 to 1.0
    lighting: str = "daylight"  # daylight, dusk, night, artificial
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "weather": self.weather.value,
            "road_condition": self.road_condition.value,
            "visibility": self.visibility,
            "lighting": self.lighting
        }


@dataclass
class VehicleData:
    """Data for a single vehicle."""
    vehicle_type: VehicleType = VehicleType.SEDAN
    speed_kmh: float = 50.0
    direction: Direction = Direction.NORTH
    action: VehicleAction = VehicleAction.GOING_STRAIGHT
    braking: bool = False
    signaling: bool = False
    lights_on: bool = True
    horn_used: bool = False
    path: List[Tuple[float, float]] = field(default_factory=list)
    description: str = ""
    
    @property
    def direction_angle(self) -> float:
        """Convert direction to angle in degrees."""
        angles = {
            Direction.NORTH: 0,
            Direction.NORTHEAST: 45,
            Direction.EAST: 90,
            Direction.SOUTHEAST: 135,
            Direction.SOUTH: 180,
            Direction.SOUTHWEST: 225,
            Direction.WEST: 270,
            Direction.NORTHWEST: 315
        }
        return angles.get(self.direction, 0)
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "type": self.vehicle_type.value,
            "speed_kmh": self.speed_kmh,
            "direction": self.direction.value,
            "direction_angle": self.direction_angle,
            "action": self.action.value,
            "braking": self.braking,
            "signaling": self.signaling,
            "lights_on": self.lights_on,
            "horn_used": self.horn_used,
            "path": self.path,
            "description": self.description
        }


@dataclass
class AccidentDetails:
    """Details about the accident."""
    accident_type: AccidentType = AccidentType.SIDE_IMPACT
    severity: Severity = Severity.MODERATE
    collision_angle: float = 90.0
    collision_point: Tuple[float, float] = (0.0, 0.0)
    contributing_factors: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
    fault_vehicle: int = 0  # 0 = undetermined, 1 or 2
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "type": self.accident_type.value,
            "severity": self.severity.value,
            "collision_angle": self.collision_angle,
            "collision_point": list(self.collision_point),
            "contributing_factors": self.contributing_factors,
            "fault_vehicle": self.fault_vehicle
        }


@dataclass
class ScenarioMetrics:
    """Metrics for an accident scenario."""
    collision_probability: float = 0.5
    path_overlap: float = 0.5
    speed_differential: float = 0.0
    time_to_collision: float = 0.0
    impact_force_estimate: float = 0.0
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "collision_probability": self.collision_probability,
            "path_overlap": self.path_overlap,
            "speed_differential": self.speed_differential,
            "time_to_collision": self.time_to_collision,
            "impact_force_estimate": self.impact_force_estimate
        }


@dataclass
class Scenario:
    """A single accident scenario."""
    scenario_id: int = 0
    accident_type: AccidentType = AccidentType.SIDE_IMPACT
    probability: float = 0.5
    description: str = ""
    contributing_factors: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
    metrics: ScenarioMetrics = field(default_factory=ScenarioMetrics)
    vehicle_1_path: List[Tuple[float, float]] = field(default_factory=list)
    vehicle_2_path: List[Tuple[float, float]] = field(default_factory=list)
    collision_point: Tuple[float, float] = (0.0, 0.0)
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "id": self.scenario_id,
            "accident_type": self.accident_type.value,
            "probability": self.probability,
            "description": self.description,
            "contributing_factors": self.contributing_factors,
            "metrics": self.metrics.to_dict(),
            "vehicle_1_path": self.vehicle_1_path,
            "vehicle_2_path": self.vehicle_2_path,
            "collision_point": list(self.collision_point)
        }


@dataclass
class FaultAssessment:
    """Preliminary fault assessment."""
    vehicle_1_contribution: float = 50.0  # Percentage
    vehicle_2_contribution: float = 50.0
    likely_at_fault: int = 0  # 0 = undetermined, 1 or 2
    primary_factor: str = ""
    confidence: float = 0.5
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "vehicle_1_contribution": self.vehicle_1_contribution,
            "vehicle_2_contribution": self.vehicle_2_contribution,
            "likely_at_fault": self.likely_at_fault,
            "primary_factor": self.primary_factor,
            "confidence": self.confidence
        }


@dataclass
class TimelineEvent:
    """An event in the accident timeline."""
    time_offset: float = 0.0  # Seconds relative to collision (negative = before)
    event: str = ""
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "time": self.time_offset,
            "event": self.event
        }


@dataclass 
class AccidentRecord:
    """Complete accident record."""
    accident_id: str = ""
    timestamp: datetime = field(default_factory=datetime.now)
    location: Location = field(default_factory=Location)
    conditions: Conditions = field(default_factory=Conditions)
    vehicle_1: VehicleData = field(default_factory=VehicleData)
    vehicle_2: VehicleData = field(default_factory=VehicleData)
    accident_details: AccidentDetails = field(default_factory=AccidentDetails)
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "accident_id": self.accident_id,
            "timestamp": self.timestamp.isoformat(),
            "location": self.location.to_dict(),
            "conditions": self.conditions.to_dict(),
            "vehicle_1": self.vehicle_1.to_dict(),
            "vehicle_2": self.vehicle_2.to_dict(),
            "accident_details": self.accident_details.to_dict()
        }


@dataclass
class AnalysisResult:
    """Results from AI analysis."""
    scenarios: List[Scenario] = field(default_factory=list)
    most_likely_scenario_id: int = 0
    overall_collision_probability: float = 0.5
    fault_assessment: FaultAssessment = field(default_factory=FaultAssessment)
    timeline: List[TimelineEvent] = field(default_factory=list)
    analysis_timestamp: datetime = field(default_factory=datetime.now)
    
    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "scenarios": [s.to_dict() for s in self.scenarios],
            "most_likely_scenario": {
                "id": self.most_likely_scenario_id,
                "probability": self.scenarios[self.most_likely_scenario_id - 1].probability 
                    if self.scenarios else 0
            },
            "overall_collision_probability": self.overall_collision_probability,
            "preliminary_fault_assessment": self.fault_assessment.to_dict(),
            "timeline": [e.to_dict() for e in self.timeline],
            "analysis_timestamp": self.analysis_timestamp.isoformat()
        }


# ============================================================
# FEATURE VECTOR SCHEMA (for MindSpore)
# ============================================================

FEATURE_SCHEMA = {
    "input_features": [
        # Vehicle 1 features (7)
        "v1_type_encoded",       # 0-4 normalized
        "v1_speed_normalized",   # 0-1 (speed/200)
        "v1_direction_encoded",  # 0-1 (direction/8)
        "v1_angle_normalized",   # 0-1 (angle/360)
        "v1_action_encoded",     # 0-1 (action/10)
        "v1_braking",            # 0 or 1
        "v1_signaling",          # 0 or 1
        
        # Vehicle 2 features (7)
        "v2_type_encoded",
        "v2_speed_normalized",
        "v2_direction_encoded",
        "v2_angle_normalized",
        "v2_action_encoded",
        "v2_braking",
        "v2_signaling",
        
        # Environmental features (3)
        "weather_encoded",       # 0-1 (weather/5)
        "road_condition_encoded",# 0-1 (condition/4)
        "visibility",            # 0-1
        
        # Derived features (6)
        "collision_angle_normalized",  # 0-1 (angle/180)
        "speed_differential",          # 0-1 (diff/200)
        "combined_speed_normalized",   # 0-1 (sum/400)
        "same_direction",              # 0 or 1
        "speed_product_normalized",    # 0-1
        "angle_difference_normalized"  # -1 to 1
    ],
    "total_input_features": 23,
    
    "output_labels": [
        "rear_end_collision",
        "side_impact",
        "head_on_collision",
        "sideswipe",
        "roundabout_entry_collision",
        "lane_change_collision",
        "intersection_collision"
    ],
    "total_output_classes": 7
}


# ============================================================
# VALIDATION FUNCTIONS
# ============================================================

def validate_speed(speed: float, vehicle_type: VehicleType) -> bool:
    """Validate speed is within acceptable range for vehicle type."""
    max_speeds = {
        VehicleType.SEDAN: 180,
        VehicleType.SUV: 160,
        VehicleType.TRUCK: 120,
        VehicleType.MOTORCYCLE: 200,
        VehicleType.BUS: 100
    }
    return 0 <= speed <= max_speeds.get(vehicle_type, 200)


def validate_coordinates(lat: float, lng: float) -> bool:
    """Validate geographic coordinates."""
    return -90 <= lat <= 90 and -180 <= lng <= 180


def validate_path(path: List[Tuple[float, float]]) -> bool:
    """Validate vehicle path has at least 2 points."""
    if len(path) < 2:
        return False
    return all(validate_coordinates(p[0], p[1]) for p in path)


def validate_probability(prob: float) -> bool:
    """Validate probability is between 0 and 1."""
    return 0 <= prob <= 1