gates.json

{
 "patterns": [
  {
   "name": "negative-parallelism",
   "description": "'Not just X, it's Y' and its relatives. The most recognizable machine construction.",
   "suggestion": "State the correct thing. Leave the wrong thing out.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "not just [^.!?]{1,50}?,? (?:but |it'?s |it is )",
    "not only\\b[^.!?]{0,60}?\\bbut also\\b",
    "(?:isn'?t|is not) (?:about|just)\\b[^.!?]{0,50}?[;,] it'?s",
    "it'?s not\\b[^.!?]{0,40}?[;,] it'?s\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "inflated-significance",
   "description": "Announcing that something matters instead of showing what it did.",
   "suggestion": "Show what it did, with a fact. Cut the claim of importance.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "stands? as a testament",
    "(?:is|are) a testament to",
    "plays? a (?:vital|pivotal|crucial|key|significant) role",
    "underscor\\w+ (?:its|the|their) (?:importance|significance)",
    "leav\\w+ a lasting (?:impact|impression|legacy)",
    "watershed moment",
    "cannot be overstated",
    "solidif\\w+ (?:its|their) (?:position|place|status)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "participle-tail",
   "description": "A clause tacked onto a sentence to fake analysis.",
   "suggestion": "Explain the consequence concretely, or stop at the fact.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    ",\\s+(?:highlighting|underscoring|illustrating|reflecting|emphasizing|showcasing|paving|cementing|signaling|marking)\\b[^.!?]{0,80}[.!?]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "editorializing",
   "description": "Telling the reader that something is worth noting instead of noting it.",
   "suggestion": "Just write the note.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "it'?s important to (?:note|remember|understand|consider)",
    "it is important to (?:note|remember|understand|consider)",
    "it'?s worth (?:noting|remembering|mentioning)",
    "no discussion would be complete without",
    "needless to say"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "hollow-conclusion",
   "description": "Restating a passage the reader just finished.",
   "suggestion": "End on the last real thing there is to say. A piece can just stop.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "\\bin (?:summary|conclusion)\\b",
    "(?:^|\\n)\\s*overall,",
    "\\bat the end of the day\\b",
    "\\bto sum up\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "throat-clearing",
   "description": "Warming up instead of starting.",
   "suggestion": "Delete it. Start with the first real sentence.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "in today'?s (?:fast-paced|modern|digital|ever-changing) world",
    "in the (?:ever-)?(?:evolving|changing) (?:landscape|world) of",
    "let'?s (?:dive in|unpack|explore this)",
    "here'?s a comprehensive"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "engagement-bait",
   "description": "Nudging the reader instead of informing them.",
   "suggestion": "Cut it.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "let that sink in",
    "read that again",
    "this changes everything",
    "here'?s the thing\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "vague-attribution",
   "description": "Claims with no named source.",
   "suggestion": "Name the person, paper, or outlet with a date, or drop the claim.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "\\bstudies (?:show|suggest|indicate)\\b",
    "\\bexperts (?:say|agree|note)\\b",
    "\\bresearch (?:shows|suggests|indicates)\\b",
    "\\b(?:some|many) (?:critics|observers|analysts) (?:argue|note|suggest)\\b",
    "\\bindustry reports suggest\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "promotional",
   "description": "Brochure register.",
   "suggestion": "Replace the adjective with a fact, or cut it.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "rich (?:cultural )?(?:heritage|history|tapestry)",
    "stunning natural beauty",
    "nestled in the heart of",
    "must-(?:visit|see|read|have)\\b",
    "\\bbreathtaking\\b",
    "\\bworld-class\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "transition-crutch",
   "description": "Connective tissue that can usually be deleted with no loss.",
   "suggestion": "Delete it, or use a plain connector: but, so, then.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "budget": 4.081,
   "patterns": [
    "\\bmoreover\\b",
    "\\bfurthermore\\b",
    "\\badditionally\\b",
    "\\bon top of that\\b",
    "\\bthat said\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "copula-avoidance",
   "description": "Swapping 'is' for something weightier.",
   "suggestion": "Use 'is' or 'was'.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "\\bserves? as\\b",
    "\\bstands? as\\b",
    "\\brepresents? a\\b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "assistant-residue",
   "description": "Chat-assistant phrasing left in published text.",
   "suggestion": "Delete. This should never reach a reader.",
   "severity": "error",
   "budget": 0.0,
   "patterns": [
    "\\bas an AI language model\\b",
    "\\bI hope this helps\\b",
    "\\blet me know if you (?:need|have)\\b",
    "\\bfeel free to reach out\\b",
    "\\bas of my (?:last )?knowledge (?:update|cutoff)\\b",
    "\\bI hope this (?:message|email) finds you well\\b"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "cadence": [
  {
   "name": "flat-cadence",
   "description": "Sentence lengths vary less than human writing typically does.",
   "suggestion": "Rewrite one sentence in every three-sentence run to a different length. A short sentence after two long ones does more than any word swap.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "low",
   "threshold": 0.2367,
   "min_words": 120
  },
  {
   "name": "uniform-paragraphs",
   "description": "Paragraphs are all about the same length.",
   "suggestion": "Break one paragraph early and let another run long. A one-line paragraph is allowed.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "low",
   "threshold": 0.5227,
   "min_words": 120
  },
  {
   "name": "no-short-sentences",
   "description": "Nothing in the draft is short.",
   "suggestion": "Cut one sentence down to under eight words. It changes the rhythm of everything around it.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "low",
   "threshold": null,
   "min_words": 120
  },
  {
   "name": "triplet-habit",
   "description": "Reflexive lists of three: 'x, y, and z' over and over.",
   "suggestion": "Use the number of items that exists. Two is fine. One is often best.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "high",
   "threshold": 5.1787,
   "min_words": 120
  },
  {
   "name": "em-dash-habit",
   "description": "Em dashes used as a default connector.",
   "suggestion": "Use a comma, a colon, parentheses, or two sentences.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "high",
   "threshold": 1.4888,
   "min_words": 120
  },
  {
   "name": "repeated-openers",
   "description": "Consecutive sentences starting with the same word.",
   "suggestion": "Vary the opener, unless the repetition is deliberate.",
   "severity": "warn",
   "direction": "high",
   "threshold": 0.2222,
   "min_words": 120
  }
 ],
 "meta": {
  "calibrated": true,
  "corpus": "HC3 human answers (informal) + human scientific abstracts (formal) + wikitext-103 articles (multi-paragraph)",
  "n_documents": 2602,
  "informal": 1000,
  "formal": 1000,
  "structured": 602,
  "min_words": 120,
  "target_fpr": 0.05
 }
}