---
pipeline_tag: other
---

# Relational Transformer

This repository contains the official checkpoints for the **Relational Transformer (RT)**, introduced in the paper [Relational Transformer: Toward Zero-Shot Foundation Models for Relational Data](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06377).

Relational Transformer is a foundation model architecture designed to be pretrained on diverse relational databases and applied to unseen datasets and tasks without task- or dataset-specific fine-tuning. It utilizes a novel Relational Attention mechanism over columns, rows, and primary-foreign key links.

- **Paper:** [Relational Transformer: Toward Zero-Shot Foundation Models for Relational Data](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06377)
- **GitHub Repository:** [snap-stanford/relational-transformer](https://github.com/snap-stanford/relational-transformer)

## Installation

The repository uses [pixi](https://pixi.sh/latest/#installation) for package management.

```bash
git clone https://github.com/snap-stanford/relational-transformer
cd relational-transformer
pixi install
# compile and install the rust sampler
cd rustler
pixi run maturin develop --uv --release
```

## Checkpoints

The project provides two types of checkpoints:
- `pretrain_<dataset>_<task>.pt`: Pretrained with the specified `<dataset>` held out.
- `contd-pretrain_<dataset>_<task>.pt`: Obtained by continued pretraining on `<dataset>` with the specific `<task>` held out.

You can download specific checkpoints using the Hugging Face CLI:

```bash
mkdir -p ~/scratch/rt_ckpts
huggingface-cli download rishabh-ranjan/relational-transformer \
  --repo-type model \
  --include "pretrain_rel-amazon_user-churn.pt" \
  --local-dir ~/scratch/rt_ckpts \
  --local-dir-use-symlinks False
```

## Usage

To use these checkpoints, pass the path to the `load_ckpt_path` argument in the training scripts provided in the GitHub repository. For example, to run a finetuning experiment:

```bash
pixi run torchrun --standalone --nproc_per_node=8 scripts/example_finetune.py
```

## RelBench leaderboard checkpoints (added 2026-06)

These files back the RT numbers on the [RelBench leaderboard](https://relbench.stanford.edu/leaderboard/).
Protocols follow the repo scripts, with one change: regression best-checkpoint
selection uses val NMAE (MAE / train-split std, ddof=1) — the leaderboard metric —
instead of R². Evaluation = full official test split (AUROC / NMAE).

- `pretrain_rel-event_<task>.pt` — leave-rel-event-out pretraining (50k steps),
  per-task best. rel-event was not covered in the original release; these produce
  the RT zero-shot rel-event cells.
- `contd-pretrain_rel-event_<task>.pt` — continued pretraining on the other
  rel-event tasks from the matching pretrain checkpoint (2^12+1 steps).
- `finetune-from-{pretrain,contd-pretrain}_<db>_<task>.pt` —
  the fine-tuned checkpoint behind each replicated "RT | pretrained + fine-tuned"
  leaderboard cell. The board takes the per-task best over fine-tuning from the
  plain-pretraining vs continued-pretraining init (init treated as a
  hyperparameter); the file present is the winning init for that task. Cells
  without a file here are the paper's own pretrain-init fine-tuning numbers —
  reproduce those with `scripts/example_finetune.py` from the matching
  `pretrain_<db>_<task>.pt`.

## Citation

```bibtex
@inproceedings{ranjan2025relationaltransformer,
    title={{Relational Transformer:} Toward Zero-Shot Foundation Models for Relational Data}, 
    author={Rishabh Ranjan and Valter Hudovernik and Mark Znidar and Charilaos Kanatsoulis and Roshan Upendra and Mahmoud Mohammadi and Joe Meyer and Tom Palczewski and Carlos Guestrin and Jure Leskovec},
    booktitle={The Fourteenth International Conference on Learning Representations},
    year={2026}
}
```