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- MODEL_CARD.md +173 -0
- README.md +7 -3
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model.pt filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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model.safetensors filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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MODEL_CARD.md
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---
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language: en
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license: mit
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tags:
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- text-embedding
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- sentence-similarity
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- semantic-search
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- product-matching
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- transformer
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- pytorch
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- from-scratch
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library_name: pytorch
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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model-index:
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- name: MiniEmbed-Mini
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results: []
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---
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# MiniEmbed: Tiny, Powerful Embedding Models from Scratch
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**MiniEmbed** is an ultra-compact text embedding model (Bi-Encoder) built entirely from scratch in PyTorch. No HuggingFace Transformers, no pre-trained weights -- just pure PyTorch.
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**GitHub:** [github.com/bhandarisuraz/miniembed](https://github.com/bhandarisuraz/miniembed) (full repo with examples, tests, interactive demo, and documentation)
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| Spec | Value |
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|---|---|
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| Parameters | ~10.8M |
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| Model Size | ~42 MB |
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| Embedding Dim | 256 |
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| Vocab Size | 30,000 |
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| Max Seq Length | 128 tokens |
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| Architecture | 4-layer Transformer Encoder |
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| Pooling | Mean Pooling + L2 Normalization |
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| Training Loss | MNRL (Multiple Negatives Ranking Loss) |
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| Training Data | ~3.8M pairs (NQ, GooAQ, MSMARCO, WDC, ECInstruct) |
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## Quick Start
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```bash
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pip install torch numpy scikit-learn huggingface_hub
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```
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```python
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from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
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# Download model (one-time)
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model_dir = snapshot_download("surazbhandari/miniembed")
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# Add src to path
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import sys
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sys.path.insert(0, model_dir)
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from src.inference import EmbeddingInference
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# Load -- just like sentence-transformers!
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model = EmbeddingInference.from_pretrained("surazbhandari/miniembed")
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# 1. Similarity
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score = model.similarity("Machine learning is great", "AI is wonderful")
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print(f"Similarity: {score:.4f}") # 0.4287
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# 2. Normal Embeddings
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embeddings = model.encode(["Machine learning is great", "AI is wonderful"])
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# 3. Manual Cosine Similarity
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# Since embeddings are L2-normalized, dot product is cosine similarity
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import numpy as np
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score = np.dot(embeddings[0], embeddings[1])
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print(f"Similarity: {score:.4f}")
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# Semantic Search
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docs = ["Python is great for AI", "I love pizza", "Neural networks learn patterns"]
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results = model.search("deep learning frameworks", docs, top_k=2)
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for r in results:
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print(f" [{r['score']:.3f}] {r['text']}")
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# [0.498] Neural networks learn patterns
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# [0.413] Python is great for AI
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# Clustering
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result = model.cluster_texts(["ML is cool", "Pizza is food", "AI rocks"], n_clusters=2)
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# Cluster 1: ['Pizza is food']
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# Cluster 2: ['ML is cool', 'AI rocks']
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```
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## Also Available via GitHub
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/bhandarisuraz/miniembed.git
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cd miniembed
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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python -c "
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from src.inference import EmbeddingInference
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model = EmbeddingInference.from_pretrained('models/mini')
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print(model.similarity('hello world', 'hi there'))
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"
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```
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## Capabilities
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- **Semantic Search** -- Find meaning-based matches, not keyword overlap.
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- **Re-Ranking** -- Sort candidates by true semantic relevance.
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- **Clustering** -- Group texts into logical categories automatically.
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- **Product Matching** -- Match items across platforms with messy titles.
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## Architecture
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Custom 4-layer Transformer encoder built from first principles:
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- Token Embedding (30K vocab) + Sinusoidal Positional Encoding
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- 4x Pre-LayerNorm Transformer Encoder Layers
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- Multi-Head Self-Attention (4 heads, d_k=64)
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- Position-wise Feed-Forward (GELU activation, d_ff=1024)
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- Mean Pooling over non-padded tokens
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- L2 Normalization (unit hypersphere projection)
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## Training
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Trained on ~3.8 million text pairs from public datasets:
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| Dataset | Type |
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|---|---|
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| Natural Questions (NQ) | Q&A / General |
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| GooAQ | Knowledge Search |
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| WDC Product Matching | E-commerce |
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| ECInstruct | E-commerce Tasks |
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| MS MARCO | Web Search |
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**Training details:**
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- Training time: ~49 hours
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- Final loss: 0.0748
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- Optimizer: AdamW
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- Batch size: 256
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## Files
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```
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surazbhandari/miniembed
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|-- README.md # This model card
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|-- config.json # Architecture config
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|-- model.safetensors # Pre-trained weights (Safe & Fast)
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|-- model.pt # Pre-trained weights (Legacy PyTorch)
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|-- tokenizer.json # 30K word-level vocabulary
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|-- training_info.json # Training metadata
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|-- src/
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|-- __init__.py
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|-- model.py # Full architecture code
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|-- tokenizer.py # Tokenizer implementation
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|-- inference.py # High-level API (supports HF auto-download)
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```
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## Limitations
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- Word-level tokenizer (no subword/BPE) -- unknown words map to [UNK]
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- 128 token max sequence length
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- Trained primarily on English text
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- Best suited for short-form text (queries, product titles, sentences)
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@software{Bhandari_MiniEmbed_2026,
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author = {Bhandari, Suraj},
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title = {{MiniEmbed: Tiny, Powerful Embedding Models from Scratch}},
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url = {https://github.com/bhandarisuraz/miniembed},
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version = {1.0.0},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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## License
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MIT
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README.md
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# 2. Normal Embeddings
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embeddings = model.encode(["Machine learning is great", "AI is wonderful"])
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import numpy as np
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-
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#
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docs = ["Python is great for AI", "I love pizza", "Neural networks learn patterns"]
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results = model.search("deep learning frameworks", docs, top_k=2)
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for r in results:
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# [0.498] Neural networks learn patterns
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# [0.413] Python is great for AI
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-
#
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result = model.cluster_texts(["ML is cool", "Pizza is food", "AI rocks"], n_clusters=2)
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# Cluster 1: ['Pizza is food']
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# Cluster 2: ['ML is cool', 'AI rocks']
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# 2. Normal Embeddings
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embeddings = model.encode(["Machine learning is great", "AI is wonderful"])
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# 3. Manual Cosine Similarity
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# Since embeddings are L2-normalized, dot product is cosine similarity
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import numpy as np
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score = np.dot(embeddings[0], embeddings[1])
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print(f"Similarity: {score:.4f}")
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# Semantic Search
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docs = ["Python is great for AI", "I love pizza", "Neural networks learn patterns"]
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results = model.search("deep learning frameworks", docs, top_k=2)
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for r in results:
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# [0.498] Neural networks learn patterns
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# [0.413] Python is great for AI
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# Clustering
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result = model.cluster_texts(["ML is cool", "Pizza is food", "AI rocks"], n_clusters=2)
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# Cluster 1: ['Pizza is food']
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# Cluster 2: ['ML is cool', 'AI rocks']
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