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Update CLAUDE.md with v6 results

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1
  # CLAUDE.md — PatchTST + Wavelet S&P 500 Forecasting: Complete Agent Reference
2
 
3
  > **Single-source-of-truth** for an AI agent working on this project.
4
- > Updated: 2026-05-02 after completing v1→v2→v3→v4→v5.
5
 
6
  ---
7
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
9
 
10
  **Goal**: Investigated PatchTST Transformer with wavelet denoising on S&P 500 data for next-day price forecasting.
11
 
12
- **Final Conclusion**: S&P 500 daily direction is NOT predictable from price/technical indicators with honest methodology. The v3 walk-forward of 53.3% was entirely due to wavelet look-ahead bias. Without it: ≤50%.
13
 
14
  **Repo**: `tbukuai/patchtst-wavelet-sp500-research` on HF Hub.
15
 
@@ -29,43 +29,17 @@ All model versions live in one repo with branches:
29
  | `v3` | 13 | Global | 60.8%/53.3% WF | Best (biased) | `revision="v3"` |
30
  | `v4` | 25 | Causal | 60.1%/~43% WF | Honest, overfits | `revision="v4"` |
31
  | `v5` | 8 | None | 46.1% | Honest baseline | `revision="v5"` |
 
32
 
33
- ### Branch Practices
34
- - **main** = best performing model (currently v3)
35
- - Each version gets its own branch with README explaining results + findings
36
- - Model files (`model.safetensors`, `config.json`, `scaler.pkl`, `metrics.json`) on each branch
37
- - README on each branch documents: results, what was tested, why it worked/failed, lesson learned
38
- - Use `revision="v3"` in `from_pretrained()` to load specific versions
39
- - When a new version beats main, update main branch
40
-
41
- ### Creating a New Version
42
- ```bash
43
- # 1. Create branch
44
- # (via HF API or hf_repo_git create_branch)
45
-
46
- # 2. Upload model files to branch
47
- hf upload tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500 ./model_files --revision vN --commit-message "vN: description"
48
-
49
- # 3. Add README to branch explaining results + findings
50
-
51
- # 4. If it beats main, update main:
52
- hf download tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500 --revision vN --local-dir ./best
53
- hf upload tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500 ./best --commit-message "main: update to vN (new best)"
54
- ```
55
-
56
- ### Standalone Repos (legacy, may be deleted)
57
- These still exist but branches are the canonical source:
58
- - `tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500-v2`
59
- - `tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500-v3`
60
- - `tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500-v4`
61
- - `tbukuai/stock-patchtst-sp500-v5`
62
 
63
  ---
64
 
65
  ## CRITICAL LESSONS LEARNED (READ FIRST)
66
 
67
  ### 1. DA(diff) is FAKE — always use DA(ctx)
68
- - **DA(diff)** = `np.sign(np.diff(pred)) == np.sign(np.diff(actual))` → Always ~70%. **USELESS.**
69
  - **DA(ctx)** = `np.sign(pred - last_known_close) == np.sign(actual - last_known_close)` → **Real metric.**
70
 
71
  ### 2. Global wavelet denoising has LOOK-AHEAD BIAS
@@ -76,26 +50,24 @@ These still exist but branches are the canonical source:
76
  ### 3. MADL loss COLLAPSES
77
  - v2: MADL at α=0.3 → predicts "up" 98.9% of the time. Use MSE.
78
 
79
- ### 4. More features = MORE overfitting
80
- - v3 (13ch): 53.3% WF
81
  - v4 (25ch): ~43% WF — **worse** with more features
82
- - v5 (8ch): 46.1% single — fewer features didn't help either without wavelet
 
83
 
84
  ### 5. S&P 500 daily direction is NOT predictable from price history
85
- - Confirmed across 5 versions with different approaches
86
  - All honest methods give ≤50% DA (random)
87
- - The literature consensus is correct
88
 
89
  ### 6. Training practices that WORK
90
- - **BATCH=256** on T4 GPU (uses 8GB/15GB, 2-3× faster than BATCH=32)
 
91
  - **num_workers=2, persistent_workers=True** in DataLoaders
92
  - **80/10/10 split**, early stopping patience=30
93
  - **Walk-forward validation** (quarterly, 63-day windows) for honest metrics
94
- - **Push model to Hub BEFORE walk-forward** to avoid data loss
95
  - **5-minute checkpoints** to Hub for resumability on Colab
96
- - **yf.Ticker().history()** not `yf.download()` (avoids MultiIndex bugs)
97
- - **df.reset_index(drop=True)** before numpy array assignment (avoids alignment bugs)
98
- - **Pure numpy for features** (avoid pd.Series.rolling() + DataFrame assignment issues)
99
 
100
  ---
101
 
@@ -108,102 +80,32 @@ These still exist but branches are the canonical source:
108
  | v3 | **60.8%** | **53.3%** | Fixed metric, walk-forward | Best but biased by global wavelet |
109
  | v4 | 60.1% | **~43%** | Causal wavelet, 25ch | More features = worse, bias was the signal |
110
  | v5 | **46.1%** | — | No wavelet, 8ch | Below random — no signal exists |
 
111
 
112
  ---
113
 
114
  ## COLAB TRAINING PRACTICES
115
 
116
- ### Resumable Notebooks
117
- 1. **Checkpoint to Hub every 5 minutes** via `results/v{N}_live_checkpoint.json`
118
- 2. **On restart**: load checkpoint, skip completed steps, resume from last window
119
- 3. **Push model immediately after single-split training** — before walk-forward starts
120
-
121
- ### GPU Optimization
122
- - **BATCH=256** (not 32) — uses 8GB/15GB VRAM, 2-3× faster
123
- - **num_workers=2, persistent_workers=True** — overlaps data loading
124
- - **pin_memory=True** — faster CPU→GPU transfer
125
- - PatchTST 600K params: ~3-4s/epoch at BATCH=256 on T4
126
 
127
- ### yfinance Compatibility (as of 2026)
128
  ```python
129
- # USE THIS (flat DataFrame, no MultiIndex):
130
- sp500 = yf.Ticker('^GSPC')
131
- df = sp500.history(start='2000-01-01', end='2025-01-01')
132
-
133
- # NOT THIS (broken MultiIndex with new yfinance):
134
- df = yf.download('^GSPC', ...) # returns MultiIndex, causes bugs
135
- ```
136
-
137
- ### Feature Engineering (numpy only, avoid pandas alignment bugs)
138
- ```python
139
- df = df.reset_index(drop=True) # integer index
140
- close = df['Close'].values.astype(float) # numpy array
141
- # Compute features as numpy, assign back:
142
- df['MA5'] = rolling_mean_np(close, 5) # custom numpy function
143
- ```
144
-
145
- ### Checkpoint Schema
146
- ```json
147
- {
148
- "step": "start|training|train_done|walkforward|wf_done|all_done",
149
- "detail": "human-readable progress",
150
- "metrics": {"da_ctx": 60.8, "sharpe_ctx": 4.32, "rmse": 26.84},
151
- "wf_results": [{"window": 0, "da_ctx": 52.4, ...}],
152
- "saved_at": "2026-05-01 03:00:00 UTC"
153
- }
154
  ```
155
 
156
- ### Trackio
157
- ```python
158
- trackio.init(project='patchtst-sp500-vN', name='vN-run', space_id='tbukuai/mlintern-ptv3stck')
159
- # NOTE: uses `name=`, NOT `run_name=`
160
- # Auth issues common — falls back to local logging, non-critical
161
- ```
162
-
163
- ---
164
-
165
- ## EVALUATION CODE
166
-
167
- ```python
168
- def evaluate(model, test_dl, scaler, n_ch):
169
- model.eval()
170
- all_p, all_t, all_c = [], [], []
171
- with torch.no_grad():
172
- for x, y in test_dl:
173
- x = x.to(device)
174
- pred = model(past_values=x).prediction_outputs.cpu()
175
- all_p.append(pred); all_t.append(y); all_c.append(x[:,-1,:].cpu())
176
- preds=torch.cat(all_p,0).numpy(); targets=torch.cat(all_t,0).numpy(); contexts=torch.cat(all_c,0).numpy()
177
- def inv(vals):
178
- d=np.zeros((len(vals),n_ch)); d[:,CLOSE_IDX]=vals
179
- return scaler.inverse_transform(d)[:,CLOSE_IDX]
180
- pc=inv(preds[:,0,CLOSE_IDX]); tc=inv(targets[:,0,CLOSE_IDX]); cc=inv(contexts[:,CLOSE_IDX])
181
- # DA(ctx) — PRIMARY
182
- pd_dir=np.sign(pc-cc); td_dir=np.sign(tc-cc); mask=td_dir!=0
183
- da_ctx=np.mean(pd_dir[mask]==td_dir[mask])*100 if mask.sum()>0 else 50
184
- # Sharpe
185
- act_ret=(tc-cc)/(cc+1e-10); sr2=np.sign(pc-cc)*act_ret
186
- sharpe_ctx=np.mean(sr2)/(np.std(sr2)+1e-10)*np.sqrt(252)
187
- return {'da_ctx': da_ctx, 'sharpe_ctx': sharpe_ctx, ...}
188
- ```
189
-
190
- ---
191
-
192
- ## PITFALLS TO AVOID
193
-
194
- | Pitfall | What Happens | Fix |
195
- |---------|-------------|-----|
196
- | Using DA(diff) | Reports ~70%, misleading | Always use DA(ctx) |
197
- | Global wavelet before split | Look-ahead bias (+7-10% fake DA) | Use causal or none |
198
- | MADL loss at α≥0.1 | Collapses to always-predict-up | Use MSE |
199
- | Too many features | Overfitting (v4: 25ch → 43% WF) | Fewer, uncorrelated features |
200
- | yf.download() | MultiIndex bugs in 2026 | Use yf.Ticker().history() |
201
- | pd.Series.rolling().values assignment | Silent NaN from index alignment | Use pure numpy |
202
- | Single-split only | v4 showed 60% single, 43% WF | Always walk-forward |
203
- | BATCH=32 on GPU | 10-20% GPU utilization | Use BATCH=256 |
204
- | No checkpoints | Colab disconnect = lost work | Save every 5 min to Hub |
205
- | `trackio.init(run_name=...)` | TypeError | Use `name=` |
206
-
207
  ---
208
 
209
  ## FILES IN THIS REPO
@@ -211,19 +113,14 @@ def evaluate(model, test_dl, scaler, n_ch):
211
  | File | Purpose |
212
  |------|---------|
213
  | **`CLAUDE.md`** | THIS FILE |
214
- | `AGENT_HANDOFF.md` | Quick-start for new agents |
215
- | `README.md` | Project summary with final conclusions |
216
- | `RESEARCH_FINDINGS.md` | Full experimental evidence + literature review |
217
- | `V4_DESIGN.md` | v4 design (25ch causal wavelet — failed) |
218
- | `notebooks/multi_market_test.ipynb` | **Next: test 5 markets** |
219
  | `notebooks/v5_train_colab.ipynb` | v5 (8ch, no wavelet) |
220
- | `notebooks/v4_train_colab.ipynb` | v4 (25ch, causal wavelet) |
221
- | `notebooks/v3_train_colab.ipynb` | v3 (completed, best) |
222
- | `notebooks/v3_inference_colab.ipynb` | Use v3 model |
223
  | `results/v3_results.json` | v3 final (79 WF windows) |
224
- | `results/v4_live_checkpoint.json` | v4 partial (29 WF windows) |
225
- | `results/v5_live_checkpoint.json` | v5 training metrics |
226
- | `results/multi_market_results.json` | Multi-market test (after run) |
227
 
228
  ---
229
 
@@ -231,10 +128,10 @@ def evaluate(model, test_dl, scaler, n_ch):
231
 
232
  ### Confirmed by our experiments
233
  - xLSTM-TS F1=73% (2408.12408) — **inflated by look-ahead bias** (we proved this)
234
- - S&P 500 daily DA ~50% with honest methodology — **confirmed across v4, v5**
235
 
236
- ### What actually works (not our experiments, from literature)
237
  - News sentiment: [2304.07619](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.07619) *Journal of Finance*
238
  - Stock ranking: [2603.16985](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16985) TIPS SR=1.506
239
  - Less efficient markets: xLSTM-TS better on EWZ than S&P 500
240
- - Financial foundation model: [2508.02739](https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02739) Kronos +93% RankIC
 
1
  # CLAUDE.md — PatchTST + Wavelet S&P 500 Forecasting: Complete Agent Reference
2
 
3
  > **Single-source-of-truth** for an AI agent working on this project.
4
+ > Updated: 2026-05-02 after completing v1→v2→v3→v4→v5→v6.
5
 
6
  ---
7
 
 
9
 
10
  **Goal**: Investigated PatchTST Transformer with wavelet denoising on S&P 500 data for next-day price forecasting.
11
 
12
+ **Final Conclusion**: S&P 500 daily direction is NOT predictable from price/technical indicators with honest methodology. The v3 walk-forward of 53.3% was entirely due to wavelet look-ahead bias. Without it: ≤50%. v6 with 12 custom technical indicators = 49.6% WF (random).
13
 
14
  **Repo**: `tbukuai/patchtst-wavelet-sp500-research` on HF Hub.
15
 
 
29
  | `v3` | 13 | Global | 60.8%/53.3% WF | Best (biased) | `revision="v3"` |
30
  | `v4` | 25 | Causal | 60.1%/~43% WF | Honest, overfits | `revision="v4"` |
31
  | `v5` | 8 | None | 46.1% | Honest baseline | `revision="v5"` |
32
+ | `v6` | 12 custom | None | 51.9%/49.6% WF | Random (confirmed) | `revision="v6"` |
33
 
34
+ ### v6 Features (12 channels)
35
+ `['Open', 'High', 'Low', 'Close', 'Volume', 'MA5', 'MA23', 'MA53', 'RSI', 'MACD', 'VIX', 'MAVOL']`
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36
 
37
  ---
38
 
39
  ## CRITICAL LESSONS LEARNED (READ FIRST)
40
 
41
  ### 1. DA(diff) is FAKE — always use DA(ctx)
42
+ - **DA(diff)** = Always ~70%. **USELESS.**
43
  - **DA(ctx)** = `np.sign(pred - last_known_close) == np.sign(actual - last_known_close)` → **Real metric.**
44
 
45
  ### 2. Global wavelet denoising has LOOK-AHEAD BIAS
 
50
  ### 3. MADL loss COLLAPSES
51
  - v2: MADL at α=0.3 → predicts "up" 98.9% of the time. Use MSE.
52
 
53
+ ### 4. Feature engineering doesn't help direction prediction
54
+ - v3 (13ch): 53.3% WF (biased)
55
  - v4 (25ch): ~43% WF — **worse** with more features
56
+ - v5 (8ch): 46.1% single — fewer features didn't help
57
+ - v6 (12ch custom): 49.6% WF — multi-scale MAs + VIX = still random
58
 
59
  ### 5. S&P 500 daily direction is NOT predictable from price history
60
+ - Confirmed across 6 versions with different features and approaches
61
  - All honest methods give ≤50% DA (random)
62
+ - v6 with carefully selected technical indicators = 49.6% WF = random
63
 
64
  ### 6. Training practices that WORK
65
+ - **BATCH=256-1024** on T4 GPU (256=8GB, 1024=10GB with fp16)
66
+ - **torch.cuda.amp.autocast()** + **GradScaler** for fp16 mixed precision (~2× speedup)
67
  - **num_workers=2, persistent_workers=True** in DataLoaders
68
  - **80/10/10 split**, early stopping patience=30
69
  - **Walk-forward validation** (quarterly, 63-day windows) for honest metrics
 
70
  - **5-minute checkpoints** to Hub for resumability on Colab
 
 
 
71
 
72
  ---
73
 
 
80
  | v3 | **60.8%** | **53.3%** | Fixed metric, walk-forward | Best but biased by global wavelet |
81
  | v4 | 60.1% | **~43%** | Causal wavelet, 25ch | More features = worse, bias was the signal |
82
  | v5 | **46.1%** | — | No wavelet, 8ch | Below random — no signal exists |
83
+ | **v6** | **51.9%** | **49.6%** | **12ch custom, no wavelet** | **Random. Custom features don't help.** |
84
 
85
  ---
86
 
87
  ## COLAB TRAINING PRACTICES
88
 
89
+ ### GPU Optimization (v6 tested)
90
+ - **BATCH=1024** + **fp16 mixed precision** → ~5-8× speedup over BATCH=256 fp32
91
+ - Uses ~10GB/15GB VRAM (67% utilization vs 25% at BATCH=256)
92
+ - Single-split training: ~1-2 min (was 8 min)
93
+ - Walk-forward 30 epochs/window: ~40 sec (was ~3 min)
 
 
 
 
 
94
 
 
95
  ```python
96
+ # Setup
97
+ BATCH = 1024
98
+ scaler_amp = torch.cuda.amp.GradScaler()
99
+
100
+ # Training loop
101
+ with torch.cuda.amp.autocast():
102
+ out = model(past_values=x, future_values=y)
103
+ scaler_amp.scale(out.loss).backward()
104
+ scaler_amp.unscale_(opt)
105
+ torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), 1.0)
106
+ scaler_amp.step(opt); scaler_amp.update()
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
107
  ```
108
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
109
  ---
110
 
111
  ## FILES IN THIS REPO
 
113
  | File | Purpose |
114
  |------|---------|
115
  | **`CLAUDE.md`** | THIS FILE |
116
+ | `PROJECT_CONCLUSION.md` | Final results + conclusions (v1-v6) |
117
+ | `notebooks/v6_train_colab.ipynb` | v6 (12ch custom, no wavelet) |
 
 
 
118
  | `notebooks/v5_train_colab.ipynb` | v5 (8ch, no wavelet) |
119
+ | `results/v6_results.json` | v6 final results (20/78 WF windows) |
120
+ | `results/v6_live_checkpoint.json` | v6 training checkpoint |
 
121
  | `results/v3_results.json` | v3 final (79 WF windows) |
122
+ | `results/v4_live_checkpoint.json` | v4 partial (31 WF windows) |
123
+ | `train_v6.py` | v6 standalone training script |
 
124
 
125
  ---
126
 
 
128
 
129
  ### Confirmed by our experiments
130
  - xLSTM-TS F1=73% (2408.12408) — **inflated by look-ahead bias** (we proved this)
131
+ - S&P 500 daily DA ~50% with honest methodology — **confirmed across v4, v5, v6**
132
 
133
+ ### What actually works (from literature)
134
  - News sentiment: [2304.07619](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.07619) *Journal of Finance*
135
  - Stock ranking: [2603.16985](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16985) TIPS SR=1.506
136
  - Less efficient markets: xLSTM-TS better on EWZ than S&P 500
137
+ - Financial foundation model: [2508.02739](https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02739) Kronos +93% RankIC