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  1. README.md +301 -136
  2. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_128d.bin +2 -2
  3. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_128d_metadata.json +5 -3
  4. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_32d.bin +2 -2
  5. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_32d_metadata.json +5 -3
  6. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_64d.bin +2 -2
  7. models/embeddings/monolingual/bug_64d_metadata.json +5 -3
  8. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx1_subword.parquet +2 -2
  9. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx1_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  10. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx2_subword.parquet +2 -2
  11. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx2_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  12. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx3_subword.parquet +2 -2
  13. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx3_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  14. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx4_subword.parquet +2 -2
  15. models/subword_markov/bug_markov_ctx4_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  16. models/subword_ngram/bug_2gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  17. models/subword_ngram/bug_2gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  18. models/subword_ngram/bug_3gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  19. models/subword_ngram/bug_3gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  20. models/subword_ngram/bug_4gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  21. models/subword_ngram/bug_4gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  22. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_16k.model +2 -2
  23. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_16k.vocab +0 -0
  24. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_32k.model +2 -2
  25. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_32k.vocab +0 -0
  26. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_8k.model +2 -2
  27. models/tokenizer/bug_tokenizer_8k.vocab +0 -0
  28. models/vocabulary/bug_vocabulary.parquet +2 -2
  29. models/vocabulary/bug_vocabulary_metadata.json +10 -9
  30. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx1_word.parquet +2 -2
  31. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx1_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  32. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx2_word.parquet +2 -2
  33. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx2_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  34. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx3_word.parquet +2 -2
  35. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx3_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  36. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx4_word.parquet +2 -2
  37. models/word_markov/bug_markov_ctx4_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  38. models/word_ngram/bug_2gram_word.parquet +2 -2
  39. models/word_ngram/bug_2gram_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  40. models/word_ngram/bug_3gram_word.parquet +2 -2
  41. models/word_ngram/bug_3gram_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  42. models/word_ngram/bug_4gram_word.parquet +2 -2
  43. models/word_ngram/bug_4gram_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  44. visualizations/embedding_isotropy.png +0 -0
  45. visualizations/embedding_norms.png +0 -0
  46. visualizations/embedding_similarity.png +2 -2
  47. visualizations/markov_branching.png +0 -0
  48. visualizations/markov_contexts.png +0 -0
  49. visualizations/markov_entropy.png +0 -0
  50. visualizations/model_sizes.png +0 -0
README.md CHANGED
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ dataset_info:
23
  metrics:
24
  - name: best_compression_ratio
25
  type: compression
26
- value: 3.778
27
  - name: best_isotropy
28
  type: isotropy
29
- value: 0.2564
30
  - name: vocabulary_size
31
  type: vocab
32
- value: 17585
33
- generated: 2025-12-28
34
  ---
35
 
36
  # BUG - Wikilangs Models
@@ -44,12 +44,13 @@ We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and
44
  ### Models & Assets
45
 
46
  - Tokenizers (8k, 16k, 32k, 64k)
47
- - N-gram models (2, 3, 4-gram)
48
- - Markov chains (context of 1, 2, 3 and 4)
49
  - Subword N-gram and Markov chains
50
- - Embeddings in various sizes and dimensions
51
  - Language Vocabulary
52
  - Language Statistics
 
53
  ![Performance Dashboard](visualizations/performance_dashboard.png)
54
 
55
  ### Analysis and Evaluation
@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and
59
  - [3. Markov Chain Evaluation](#3-markov-chain-evaluation)
60
  - [4. Vocabulary Analysis](#4-vocabulary-analysis)
61
  - [5. Word Embeddings Evaluation](#5-word-embeddings-evaluation)
62
- - [6. Summary & Recommendations](#6-summary--recommendations)
 
63
  - [Metrics Glossary](#appendix-metrics-glossary--interpretation-guide)
64
  - [Visualizations Index](#visualizations-index)
65
 
@@ -68,59 +70,53 @@ We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and
68
 
69
  ![Tokenizer Compression](visualizations/tokenizer_compression.png)
70
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
71
  ### Results
72
 
73
  | Vocab Size | Compression | Avg Token Len | UNK Rate | Total Tokens |
74
  |------------|-------------|---------------|----------|--------------|
75
- | **8k** | 3.386x | 3.31 | 0.3368% | 52,547 |
76
- | **16k** | 3.508x | 3.43 | 0.3490% | 50,714 |
77
- | **32k** | 3.684x | 3.60 | 0.3665% | 48,290 |
78
- | **64k** | 3.778x 🏆 | 3.69 | 0.3758% | 47,094 |
79
 
80
  ### Tokenization Examples
81
 
82
  Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
83
 
84
- **Sample 1:** `Daours iyanaritu séuwa komun ri déparetema Somme ri Perancis.
85
-
86
- Ita to
87
- Komun r...`
88
 
89
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
90
  |-------|--------|-------|
91
- | 8k | `▁da ours iyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁sommeriperancis ... (+12 more)` | 22 |
92
- | 16k | `▁da ours iyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁sommeriperancis ... (+12 more)` | 22 |
93
- | 32k | `▁daoursiyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁sommeriperancis . ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
94
- | 64k | `▁daours ▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁somme ▁ri ▁perancis . ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
95
-
96
- **Sample 2:** `Damas-et-Bettegney iyanaritu séuwa komun ri déparetema Vosges ri Perancis.
97
 
98
- Ita...`
99
 
100
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
101
  |-------|--------|-------|
102
- | 8k | `▁da mas - et - b ette gney iyanarituséuwa ... (+18 more)` | 28 |
103
- | 16k | `▁damas - et - bette gney iyanarituséuwakomunri ... (+16 more)` | 26 |
104
- | 32k | `▁damas - et - bettegney ▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ... (+15 more)` | 25 |
105
- | 64k | `▁damas - et - bettegney ▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ... (+15 more)` | 25 |
106
 
107
- **Sample 3:** `Ita to
108
- Komun ri déparetema Aisne
109
-
110
- Kategori:Komun ri Aisne`
111
 
112
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
113
  |-------|--------|-------|
114
- | 8k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁aisnekategori : komunri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
115
- | 16k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁aisnekategori : komunri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
116
- | 32k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁aisnekategori : komunri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
117
- | 64k | `▁ita ▁to ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁aisne ▁kategori : komun ▁ri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
118
 
119
 
120
  ### Key Findings
121
 
122
- - **Best Compression:** 64k achieves 3.778x compression
123
- - **Lowest UNK Rate:** 8k with 0.3368% unknown tokens
124
  - **Trade-off:** Larger vocabularies improve compression but increase model size
125
  - **Recommendation:** 32k vocabulary provides optimal balance for production use
126
 
@@ -129,57 +125,89 @@ Kategori:Komun ri Aisne`
129
 
130
  ![N-gram Perplexity](visualizations/ngram_perplexity.png)
131
 
 
 
132
  ![N-gram Coverage](visualizations/ngram_coverage.png)
133
 
134
  ### Results
135
 
136
- | N-gram | Perplexity | Entropy | Unique N-grams | Top-100 Coverage | Top-1000 Coverage |
137
- |--------|------------|---------|----------------|------------------|-------------------|
138
- | **2-gram** | 158 🏆 | 7.31 | 3,164 | 74.9% | 95.6% |
139
- | **2-gram** | 243 🏆 | 7.93 | 2,007 | 71.2% | 99.3% |
140
- | **3-gram** | 256 | 8.00 | 6,284 | 66.5% | 92.3% |
141
- | **3-gram** | 849 | 9.73 | 13,719 | 54.2% | 82.2% |
142
- | **4-gram** | 498 | 8.96 | 15,843 | 55.1% | 87.5% |
143
- | **4-gram** | 1,815 | 10.83 | 58,717 | 50.9% | 71.2% |
144
 
145
  ### Top 5 N-grams by Size
146
 
147
- **2-grams:**
148
 
149
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
150
  |------|--------|-------|
151
- | 1 | `komun ri` | 41,321 |
152
  | 2 | `ri déparetema` | 25,713 |
153
- | 3 | `kategori :` | 15,808 |
154
- | 4 | `: komun` | 15,504 |
155
- | 5 | `ita to` | 13,904 |
156
 
157
- **3-grams:**
158
 
159
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
160
  |------|--------|-------|
161
  | 1 | `komun ri déparetema` | 25,709 |
162
- | 2 | `kategori : komun` | 15,504 |
163
- | 3 | `: komun ri` | 15,485 |
164
  | 4 | `ita to komun` | 13,889 |
165
- | 5 | `to komun ri` | 13,889 |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
166
 
167
- **4-grams:**
168
 
169
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
170
  |------|--------|-------|
171
- | 1 | `kategori : komun ri` | 15,485 |
172
- | 2 | `ita to komun ri` | 13,889 |
173
- | 3 | `to komun ri déparetema` | 13,889 |
174
- | 4 | `. ita to komun` | 12,106 |
175
- | 5 | `perancis . ita to` | 12,102 |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
176
 
177
 
178
  ### Key Findings
179
 
180
- - **Best Perplexity:** 2-gram with 158
181
  - **Entropy Trend:** Decreases with larger n-grams (more predictable)
182
- - **Coverage:** Top-1000 patterns cover ~71% of corpus
183
  - **Recommendation:** 4-gram or 5-gram for best predictive performance
184
 
185
  ---
@@ -187,55 +215,86 @@ Kategori:Komun ri Aisne`
187
 
188
  ![Markov Entropy](visualizations/markov_entropy.png)
189
 
 
 
190
  ![Markov Branching](visualizations/markov_branching.png)
191
 
192
  ### Results
193
 
194
- | Context | Avg Entropy | Perplexity | Branching Factor | Unique Contexts | Predictability |
195
- |---------|-------------|------------|------------------|-----------------|----------------|
196
- | **1** | 0.3793 | 1.301 | 2.08 | 62,536 | 62.1% |
197
- | **1** | 0.4436 | 1.360 | 4.60 | 1,033 | 55.6% |
198
- | **2** | 0.0917 | 1.066 | 1.24 | 129,845 | 90.8% |
199
- | **2** | 0.9491 | 1.931 | 5.44 | 4,741 | 5.1% |
200
- | **3** | 0.0634 | 1.045 | 1.15 | 160,528 | 93.7% |
201
- | **3** | 0.9150 | 1.886 | 3.78 | 25,755 | 8.5% |
202
- | **4** | 0.0426 🏆 | 1.030 | 1.07 | 184,304 | 95.7% |
203
- | **4** | 0.6671 🏆 | 1.588 | 2.52 | 97,349 | 33.3% |
204
 
205
- ### Generated Text Samples
206
 
207
- Below are text samples generated from each Markov chain model:
208
 
209
  **Context Size 1:**
210
 
211
- 1. `ri déparetema yvelines kategori : komun ri perancis . ita to komun ri perancis . ita`
212
- 2. `- avit 16303 16300 challignac 16076 16350 le - d ' or ri déparetema gironde ri`
213
- 3. `komun ri picardy ri déparetema aube ri haute - d ' aurelle iyanaritu séuwa komun ri`
214
 
215
  **Context Size 2:**
216
 
217
- 1. `komun ri déparetema vosges ri perancis . ita to komun ri vienne kategori : komun ri déparetema`
218
- 2. `ri déparetema côtes - d ' auberoche 24285 24140 montagnac - montpezat iyanaritu séuwa komun ri aube`
219
- 3. `kategori : komun ri déparetema corrèze ri perancis . ita to komun ri déparetema yvelines kategori :`
220
 
221
  **Context Size 3:**
222
 
223
- 1. `komun ri déparetema côtes - d ' armor kategori : komun ri deux - sèvres kategori : komun`
224
- 2. `kategori : komun ri yvelines`
225
- 3. `: komun ri haute - garonne ri atang - launa perancis . ita to komun ri déparetema côte`
226
 
227
  **Context Size 4:**
228
 
229
- 1. `kategori : komun ri manche`
230
- 2. `to komun ri déparetema vosges kategori : komun ri haute - saône`
231
- 3. `ita to komun ri déparetema gironde kategori : komun ri gard`
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
232
 
233
 
234
  ### Key Findings
235
 
236
- - **Best Predictability:** Context-4 with 95.7% predictability
237
  - **Branching Factor:** Decreases with context size (more deterministic)
238
- - **Memory Trade-off:** Larger contexts require more storage (97,349 contexts)
239
  - **Recommendation:** Context-3 or Context-4 for text generation
240
 
241
  ---
@@ -251,64 +310,64 @@ Below are text samples generated from each Markov chain model:
251
 
252
  | Metric | Value |
253
  |--------|-------|
254
- | Vocabulary Size | 17,585 |
255
- | Total Tokens | 403,124 |
256
- | Mean Frequency | 22.92 |
257
  | Median Frequency | 2 |
258
- | Frequency Std Dev | 633.16 |
259
 
260
  ### Most Common Words
261
 
262
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
263
  |------|------|-----------|
264
- | 1 | ri | 55,764 |
265
- | 2 | komun | 43,065 |
266
  | 3 | déparetema | 27,244 |
267
- | 4 | kategori | 15,808 |
268
- | 5 | to | 14,030 |
269
- | 6 | ita | 13,905 |
270
- | 7 | iyanaritu | 13,506 |
271
- | 8 | séuwa | 13,394 |
272
  | 9 | perancis | 12,636 |
273
- | 10 | haute | 6,362 |
274
 
275
  ### Least Common Words (from vocabulary)
276
 
277
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
278
  |------|------|-----------|
279
- | 1 | museum | 2 |
280
- | 2 | tychy | 2 |
281
- | 3 | tangnga | 2 |
282
- | 4 | miniaturowej | 2 |
283
- | 5 | sztuki | 2 |
284
- | 6 | profesjonalnej | 2 |
285
- | 7 | wideo | 2 |
286
- | 8 | nietypowe | 2 |
287
- | 9 | sztalugi | 2 |
288
- | 10 | zapałek | 2 |
289
 
290
  ### Zipf's Law Analysis
291
 
292
  | Metric | Value |
293
  |--------|-------|
294
- | Zipf Coefficient | 0.9525 |
295
- | R² (Goodness of Fit) | 0.969218 |
296
  | Adherence Quality | **excellent** |
297
 
298
  ### Coverage Analysis
299
 
300
  | Top N Words | Coverage |
301
  |-------------|----------|
302
- | Top 100 | 76.2% |
303
- | Top 1,000 | 84.1% |
304
- | Top 5,000 | 92.6% |
305
- | Top 10,000 | 96.2% |
306
 
307
  ### Key Findings
308
 
309
- - **Zipf Compliance:** R²=0.9692 indicates excellent adherence to Zipf's law
310
- - **High Frequency Dominance:** Top 100 words cover 76.2% of corpus
311
- - **Long Tail:** 7,585 words needed for remaining 3.8% coverage
312
 
313
  ---
314
  ## 5. Word Embeddings Evaluation
@@ -321,24 +380,127 @@ Below are text samples generated from each Markov chain model:
321
 
322
  ![t-SNE Sentences](visualizations/tsne_sentences.png)
323
 
324
- ### Model Comparison
325
 
326
- | Model | Vocab Size | Dimension | Avg Norm | Std Norm | Isotropy |
327
- |-------|------------|-----------|----------|----------|----------|
328
- | **mono_32d** | 3,688 | 32 | 4.349 | 1.484 | 0.2564 🏆 |
329
- | **mono_64d** | 3,688 | 64 | 4.648 | 1.349 | 0.0819 |
330
- | **mono_128d** | 3,688 | 128 | 4.775 | 1.336 | 0.0113 |
331
- | **embeddings_enhanced** | 0 | 0 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.0000 |
 
 
 
 
 
 
332
 
333
  ### Key Findings
334
 
335
- - **Best Isotropy:** mono_32d with 0.2564 (more uniform distribution)
336
- - **Dimension Trade-off:** Higher dimensions capture more semantics but reduce isotropy
337
- - **Vocabulary Coverage:** All models cover 3,688 words
338
- - **Recommendation:** 100d for balanced semantic capture and efficiency
339
 
340
  ---
341
- ## 6. Summary & Recommendations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
342
 
343
  ![Performance Dashboard](visualizations/performance_dashboard.png)
344
 
@@ -346,11 +508,12 @@ Below are text samples generated from each Markov chain model:
346
 
347
  | Component | Recommended | Rationale |
348
  |-----------|-------------|-----------|
349
- | Tokenizer | **32k BPE** | Best compression (3.78x) with low UNK rate |
350
- | N-gram | **5-gram** | Lowest perplexity (158) |
351
- | Markov | **Context-4** | Highest predictability (95.7%) |
352
  | Embeddings | **100d** | Balanced semantic capture and isotropy |
353
 
 
354
  ---
355
  ## Appendix: Metrics Glossary & Interpretation Guide
356
 
@@ -540,7 +703,8 @@ If you use these models in your research, please cite:
540
  author = {Kamali, Omar},
541
  title = {Wikilangs: Open NLP Models for Wikipedia Languages},
542
  year = {2025},
543
- publisher = {HuggingFace},
 
544
  url = {https://huggingface.co/wikilangs}
545
  institution = {Omneity Labs}
546
  }
@@ -556,7 +720,8 @@ MIT License - Free for academic and commercial use.
556
  - 🤗 Models: [huggingface.co/wikilangs](https://huggingface.co/wikilangs)
557
  - 📊 Data: [wikipedia-monthly](https://huggingface.co/datasets/omarkamali/wikipedia-monthly)
558
  - 👤 Author: [Omar Kamali](https://huggingface.co/omarkamali)
 
559
  ---
560
  *Generated by Wikilangs Models Pipeline*
561
 
562
- *Report Date: 2025-12-28 09:19:46*
 
23
  metrics:
24
  - name: best_compression_ratio
25
  type: compression
26
+ value: 4.924
27
  - name: best_isotropy
28
  type: isotropy
29
+ value: 0.0631
30
  - name: vocabulary_size
31
  type: vocab
32
+ value: 0
33
+ generated: 2026-01-03
34
  ---
35
 
36
  # BUG - Wikilangs Models
 
44
  ### Models & Assets
45
 
46
  - Tokenizers (8k, 16k, 32k, 64k)
47
+ - N-gram models (2, 3, 4, 5-gram)
48
+ - Markov chains (context of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5)
49
  - Subword N-gram and Markov chains
50
+ - Embeddings in various sizes and dimensions (aligned and unaligned)
51
  - Language Vocabulary
52
  - Language Statistics
53
+
54
  ![Performance Dashboard](visualizations/performance_dashboard.png)
55
 
56
  ### Analysis and Evaluation
 
60
  - [3. Markov Chain Evaluation](#3-markov-chain-evaluation)
61
  - [4. Vocabulary Analysis](#4-vocabulary-analysis)
62
  - [5. Word Embeddings Evaluation](#5-word-embeddings-evaluation)
63
+ - [6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)](#6-morphological-analysis)
64
+ - [7. Summary & Recommendations](#7-summary--recommendations)
65
  - [Metrics Glossary](#appendix-metrics-glossary--interpretation-guide)
66
  - [Visualizations Index](#visualizations-index)
67
 
 
70
 
71
  ![Tokenizer Compression](visualizations/tokenizer_compression.png)
72
 
73
+ ![Tokenizer Fertility](visualizations/tokenizer_fertility.png)
74
+
75
+ ![Tokenizer OOV](visualizations/tokenizer_oov.png)
76
+
77
+ ![Total Tokens](visualizations/tokenizer_total_tokens.png)
78
+
79
  ### Results
80
 
81
  | Vocab Size | Compression | Avg Token Len | UNK Rate | Total Tokens |
82
  |------------|-------------|---------------|----------|--------------|
83
+ | **8k** | 4.284x | 4.31 | 0.4916% | 36,818 |
84
+ | **16k** | 4.514x | 4.54 | 0.5180% | 34,940 |
85
+ | **32k** | 4.924x 🏆 | 4.96 | 0.5650% | 32,035 |
 
86
 
87
  ### Tokenization Examples
88
 
89
  Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
90
 
91
+ **Sample 1:** `Ita to Komun ri déparetema Allier Kategori:Komun ri Allier`
 
 
 
92
 
93
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
94
  |-------|--------|-------|
95
+ | 8k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁allierkategori : komun ri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
96
+ | 16k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁allierkategori : komun ri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
97
+ | 32k | `▁itato ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁allierkategori : komun ri ... (+1 more)` | 11 |
 
 
 
98
 
99
+ **Sample 2:** `iyanaritu séuwa komun ri déparetema Manche ri Perancis. Ita to Komun ri déparete...`
100
 
101
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
102
  |-------|--------|-------|
103
+ | 8k | `▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁manche ▁riperancis . ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
104
+ | 16k | `▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetemamancheriperancis . ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
105
+ | 32k | `▁iyanaritu ▁séuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁manche ▁ri ▁perancis . ▁ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
 
106
 
107
+ **Sample 3:** `iyanaritu séuwa komun ri déparetema Gard ri Perancis. Ita to Komun ri déparetema...`
 
 
 
108
 
109
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
110
  |-------|--------|-------|
111
+ | 8k | `▁iyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁gardri ▁perancis .ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
112
+ | 16k | `▁iyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁gardri ▁perancis .ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
113
+ | 32k | `▁iyanarituséuwa ▁komun ▁ri ▁déparetema ▁gardri ▁perancis .ita ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
 
114
 
115
 
116
  ### Key Findings
117
 
118
+ - **Best Compression:** 32k achieves 4.924x compression
119
+ - **Lowest UNK Rate:** 8k with 0.4916% unknown tokens
120
  - **Trade-off:** Larger vocabularies improve compression but increase model size
121
  - **Recommendation:** 32k vocabulary provides optimal balance for production use
122
 
 
125
 
126
  ![N-gram Perplexity](visualizations/ngram_perplexity.png)
127
 
128
+ ![N-gram Unique](visualizations/ngram_unique.png)
129
+
130
  ![N-gram Coverage](visualizations/ngram_coverage.png)
131
 
132
  ### Results
133
 
134
+ | N-gram | Variant | Perplexity | Entropy | Unique N-grams | Top-100 Coverage | Top-1000 Coverage |
135
+ |--------|---------|------------|---------|----------------|------------------|-------------------|
136
+ | **2-gram** | Word | 75 🏆 | 6.23 | 1,721 | 84.8% | 98.5% |
137
+ | **2-gram** | Subword | 168 | 7.39 | 2,166 | 81.3% | 99.5% |
138
+ | **3-gram** | Word | 118 | 6.89 | 2,060 | 74.9% | 98.6% |
139
+ | **3-gram** | Subword | 512 | 9.00 | 10,883 | 62.7% | 89.5% |
140
+ | **4-gram** | Word | 228 | 7.84 | 4,992 | 61.5% | 96.5% |
141
+ | **4-gram** | Subword | 938 | 9.87 | 41,978 | 58.6% | 80.3% |
142
 
143
  ### Top 5 N-grams by Size
144
 
145
+ **2-grams (Word):**
146
 
147
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
148
  |------|--------|-------|
149
+ | 1 | `komun ri` | 40,954 |
150
  | 2 | `ri déparetema` | 25,713 |
151
+ | 3 | `kategori komun` | 15,119 |
152
+ | 4 | `ita to` | 13,903 |
153
+ | 5 | `to komun` | 13,889 |
154
 
155
+ **3-grams (Word):**
156
 
157
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
158
  |------|--------|-------|
159
  | 1 | `komun ri déparetema` | 25,709 |
160
+ | 2 | `kategori komun ri` | 15,118 |
161
+ | 3 | `to komun ri` | 13,889 |
162
  | 4 | `ita to komun` | 13,889 |
163
+ | 5 | `iyanaritu séuwa komun` | 13,324 |
164
+
165
+ **4-grams (Word):**
166
+
167
+ | Rank | N-gram | Count |
168
+ |------|--------|-------|
169
+ | 1 | `ita to komun ri` | 13,889 |
170
+ | 2 | `to komun ri déparetema` | 13,889 |
171
+ | 3 | `perancis ita to komun` | 12,095 |
172
+ | 4 | `iyanaritu séuwa komun ri` | 11,780 |
173
+ | 5 | `séuwa komun ri déparetema` | 11,779 |
174
+
175
+ **2-grams (Subword):**
176
+
177
+ | Rank | N-gram | Count |
178
+ |------|--------|-------|
179
+ | 1 | `r i` | 90,073 |
180
+ | 2 | `a _` | 63,521 |
181
+ | 3 | `i _` | 58,103 |
182
+ | 4 | `_ r` | 57,562 |
183
+ | 5 | `t e` | 57,384 |
184
 
185
+ **3-grams (Subword):**
186
 
187
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
188
  |------|--------|-------|
189
+ | 1 | `_ r i` | 56,241 |
190
+ | 2 | `r i _` | 55,682 |
191
+ | 3 | `m u n` | 43,032 |
192
+ | 4 | `u n _` | 42,982 |
193
+ | 5 | `k o m` | 42,818 |
194
+
195
+ **4-grams (Subword):**
196
+
197
+ | Rank | N-gram | Count |
198
+ |------|--------|-------|
199
+ | 1 | `_ r i _` | 55,380 |
200
+ | 2 | `o m u n` | 42,739 |
201
+ | 3 | `k o m u` | 42,738 |
202
+ | 4 | `m u n _` | 42,683 |
203
+ | 5 | `n _ r i` | 41,407 |
204
 
205
 
206
  ### Key Findings
207
 
208
+ - **Best Perplexity:** 2-gram (word) with 75
209
  - **Entropy Trend:** Decreases with larger n-grams (more predictable)
210
+ - **Coverage:** Top-1000 patterns cover ~80% of corpus
211
  - **Recommendation:** 4-gram or 5-gram for best predictive performance
212
 
213
  ---
 
215
 
216
  ![Markov Entropy](visualizations/markov_entropy.png)
217
 
218
+ ![Markov Contexts](visualizations/markov_contexts.png)
219
+
220
  ![Markov Branching](visualizations/markov_branching.png)
221
 
222
  ### Results
223
 
224
+ | Context | Variant | Avg Entropy | Perplexity | Branching Factor | Unique Contexts | Predictability |
225
+ |---------|---------|-------------|------------|------------------|-----------------|----------------|
226
+ | **1** | Word | 0.5094 | 1.423 | 2.20 | 33,148 | 49.1% |
227
+ | **1** | Subword | 0.6420 | 1.560 | 6.04 | 1,115 | 35.8% |
228
+ | **2** | Word | 0.1229 | 1.089 | 1.21 | 72,816 | 87.7% |
229
+ | **2** | Subword | 0.6776 | 1.600 | 3.79 | 6,727 | 32.2% |
230
+ | **3** | Word | 0.0488 | 1.034 | 1.07 | 87,927 | 95.1% |
231
+ | **3** | Subword | 0.6911 | 1.614 | 3.05 | 25,458 | 30.9% |
232
+ | **4** | Word | 0.0143 🏆 | 1.010 | 1.02 | 93,631 | 98.6% |
233
+ | **4** | Subword | 0.5492 | 1.463 | 2.16 | 77,506 | 45.1% |
234
 
235
+ ### Generated Text Samples (Word-based)
236
 
237
+ Below are text samples generated from each word-based Markov chain model:
238
 
239
  **Context Size 1:**
240
 
241
+ 1. `ri déparetema gironde ri déparetema eure et loir kategori komun ri déparetema manche ri aisne katego...`
242
+ 2. `komun ri perancis ita to komun ri dordogne ri déparetema somme kategori kota ri déparetema haute`
243
+ 3. `déparetema gironde ri haute saône ri déparetema haute provence ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetem...`
244
 
245
  **Context Size 2:**
246
 
247
+ 1. `komun ri provinsi messina komun ri déparetema haute loire ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetema dor...`
248
+ 2. `ri déparetema manche ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetema dordogne ri perancis ita to komun ri`
249
+ 3. `kategori komun ri déparetema manche kategori komun ri déparetema ain kategori komun ri alpes de haut...`
250
 
251
  **Context Size 3:**
252
 
253
+ 1. `komun ri déparetema somme kategori komun ri eure et loir ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetema haut...`
254
+ 2. `kategori komun ri aisne`
255
+ 3. `to komun ri déparetema dordogne ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetema vosges ri perancis ita to kom...`
256
 
257
  **Context Size 4:**
258
 
259
+ 1. `ita to komun ri déparetema gironde ri perancis ita to komun ri déparetema haute saône ri perancis it...`
260
+ 2. `to komun ri déparetema vosges kategori komun ri vosges`
261
+ 3. `perancis ita to komun ri déparetema côtes d armor kategori komun ri côtes d armor`
262
+
263
+
264
+ ### Generated Text Samples (Subword-based)
265
+
266
+ Below are text samples generated from each subword-based Markov chain model:
267
+
268
+ **Context Size 1:**
269
+
270
+ 1. `_séunas._koiya_r`
271
+ 2. `ares._retoépesat`
272
+ 3. `riséunanetaŋn_pa`
273
+
274
+ **Context Size 2:**
275
+
276
+ 1. `ri_ube_katespia_f`
277
+ 2. `a_to_komun_ri:kom`
278
+ 3. `i_aretemay_(caven`
279
+
280
+ **Context Size 3:**
281
+
282
+ 1. `_ri_déparetema_vos`
283
+ 2. `ri_déparetema_eure`
284
+ 3. `mun_ri_perancis._i`
285
+
286
+ **Context Size 4:**
287
+
288
+ 1. `_ri_perancis._ita_t`
289
+ 2. `omun_ri_aisne_ri_pe`
290
+ 3. `komun_ri_déparetema`
291
 
292
 
293
  ### Key Findings
294
 
295
+ - **Best Predictability:** Context-4 (word) with 98.6% predictability
296
  - **Branching Factor:** Decreases with context size (more deterministic)
297
+ - **Memory Trade-off:** Larger contexts require more storage (77,506 contexts)
298
  - **Recommendation:** Context-3 or Context-4 for text generation
299
 
300
  ---
 
310
 
311
  | Metric | Value |
312
  |--------|-------|
313
+ | Vocabulary Size | 13,441 |
314
+ | Total Tokens | 358,235 |
315
+ | Mean Frequency | 26.65 |
316
  | Median Frequency | 2 |
317
+ | Frequency Std Dev | 719.11 |
318
 
319
  ### Most Common Words
320
 
321
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
322
  |------|------|-----------|
323
+ | 1 | ri | 55,390 |
324
+ | 2 | komun | 42,680 |
325
  | 3 | déparetema | 27,244 |
326
+ | 4 | kategori | 15,401 |
327
+ | 5 | to | 14,028 |
328
+ | 6 | ita | 13,904 |
329
+ | 7 | iyanaritu | 13,503 |
330
+ | 8 | séuwa | 13,393 |
331
  | 9 | perancis | 12,636 |
332
+ | 10 | haute | 6,207 |
333
 
334
  ### Least Common Words (from vocabulary)
335
 
336
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
337
  |------|------|-----------|
338
+ | 1 | ᨆᨘᨄᨗ | 2 |
339
+ | 2 | ᨕᨗᨊᨘᨂᨛᨊ | 2 |
340
+ | 3 | ᨒᨘ | 2 |
341
+ | 4 | ᨅᨀᨗ | 2 |
342
+ | 5 | ᨀᨀᨀᨀ | 2 |
343
+ | 6 | ᨉᨗᨛᨄᨗᨛ | 2 |
344
+ | 7 | days | 2 |
345
+ | 8 | after | 2 |
346
+ | 9 | federal | 2 |
347
+ | 10 | ᨔᨛᨀᨗᨈ | 2 |
348
 
349
  ### Zipf's Law Analysis
350
 
351
  | Metric | Value |
352
  |--------|-------|
353
+ | Zipf Coefficient | 0.9107 |
354
+ | R² (Goodness of Fit) | 0.956604 |
355
  | Adherence Quality | **excellent** |
356
 
357
  ### Coverage Analysis
358
 
359
  | Top N Words | Coverage |
360
  |-------------|----------|
361
+ | Top 100 | 83.0% |
362
+ | Top 1,000 | 89.7% |
363
+ | Top 5,000 | 95.1% |
364
+ | Top 10,000 | 98.1% |
365
 
366
  ### Key Findings
367
 
368
+ - **Zipf Compliance:** R²=0.9566 indicates excellent adherence to Zipf's law
369
+ - **High Frequency Dominance:** Top 100 words cover 83.0% of corpus
370
+ - **Long Tail:** 3,441 words needed for remaining 1.9% coverage
371
 
372
  ---
373
  ## 5. Word Embeddings Evaluation
 
380
 
381
  ![t-SNE Sentences](visualizations/tsne_sentences.png)
382
 
 
383
 
384
+ ### 5.1 Cross-Lingual Alignment
385
+
386
+ > *Note: Multilingual alignment visualization not available for this language.*
387
+
388
+
389
+ ### 5.2 Model Comparison
390
+
391
+ | Model | Dimension | Isotropy | Semantic Density | Alignment R@1 | Alignment R@10 |
392
+ |-------|-----------|----------|------------------|---------------|----------------|
393
+ | **mono_32d** | 32 | 0.0631 🏆 | 0.6817 | N/A | N/A |
394
+ | **mono_64d** | 64 | 0.0264 | 0.6525 | N/A | N/A |
395
+ | **mono_128d** | 128 | 0.0035 | 0.7173 | N/A | N/A |
396
 
397
  ### Key Findings
398
 
399
+ - **Best Isotropy:** mono_32d with 0.0631 (more uniform distribution)
400
+ - **Semantic Density:** Average pairwise similarity of 0.6838. Lower values indicate better semantic separation.
401
+ - **Alignment Quality:** No aligned models evaluated in this run.
402
+ - **Recommendation:** 128d aligned for best cross-lingual performance
403
 
404
  ---
405
+ ## 6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)
406
+
407
+ > ⚠️ **Warning:** This language shows low morphological productivity. The statistical signals used for this analysis may be noisy or less reliable than for morphologically rich languages.
408
+
409
+ This section presents an automated morphological analysis derived from the statistical divergence between word-level and subword-level models. By analyzing where subword predictability spikes and where word-level coverage fails, we can infer linguistic structures without supervised data.
410
+
411
+ ### 6.1 Productivity & Complexity
412
+
413
+ | Metric | Value | Interpretation | Recommendation |
414
+ |--------|-------|----------------|----------------|
415
+ | Productivity Index | **0.000** | Low morphological productivity | ⚠️ Likely unreliable |
416
+ | Idiomaticity Gap | **-1.000** | Low formulaic content | - |
417
+
418
+ ### 6.2 Affix Inventory (Productive Units)
419
+
420
+ These are the most productive prefixes and suffixes identified by sampling the vocabulary for global substitutability patterns. A unit is considered an affix if stripping it leaves a valid stem that appears in other contexts.
421
+
422
+ #### Productive Prefixes
423
+ | Prefix | Examples |
424
+ |--------|----------|
425
+ | `-ma` | marainville, mailhac, mauges |
426
+ | `-mo` | molliens, montmotier, morin |
427
+ | `-ch` | châtel, chèze, chauffourt |
428
+ | `-co` | confort, coulombiers, coux |
429
+ | `-la` | lacalm, lasse, lacour |
430
+
431
+ #### Productive Suffixes
432
+ | Suffix | Examples |
433
+ |--------|----------|
434
+ | `-s` | pozières, serbonnes, molliens |
435
+ | `-e` | givonne, marainville, roville |
436
+ | `-es` | pozières, serbonnes, mauges |
437
+ | `-rt` | confort, chauffourt, saucourt |
438
+ | `-le` | marainville, roville, touille |
439
+ | `-urt` | chauffourt, saucourt, pignicourt |
440
+ | `-ourt` | chauffourt, saucourt, pignicourt |
441
+ | `-lle` | marainville, roville, touille |
442
+
443
+ ### 6.3 Bound Stems (Lexical Roots)
444
+
445
+ Bound stems are high-frequency subword units that are semantically cohesive but rarely appear as standalone words. These often correspond to the 'core' of a word that requires inflection or derivation to be valid.
446
+
447
+ | Stem | Cohesion | Substitutability | Examples |
448
+ |------|----------|------------------|----------|
449
+ | `ngka` | 1.37x | 20 contexts | éngka, angka, engka |
450
+ | `appa` | 1.39x | 15 contexts | lappa, nappa, tappa |
451
+ | `engk` | 1.41x | 9 contexts | engka, engkai, engkaé |
452
+ | `seng` | 1.34x | 10 contexts | aseng, naseng, siseng |
453
+ | `asen` | 1.35x | 8 contexts | aseng, naseng, asenna |
454
+ | `unna` | 1.32x | 6 contexts | punna, umunna, punnai |
455
+ | `enna` | 1.37x | 5 contexts | asenna, lalenna, sisenna |
456
+ | `yana` | 1.30x | 5 contexts | iyana, iyanae, iyanaé |
457
+
458
+ ### 6.4 Affix Compatibility (Co-occurrence)
459
+
460
+ This table shows which prefixes and suffixes most frequently co-occur on the same stems, revealing the 'stacking' rules of the language's morphology.
461
+
462
+ | Prefix | Suffix | Frequency | Examples |
463
+ |--------|--------|-----------|----------|
464
+ | `-la` | `-e` | 76 words | lagardelle, lange |
465
+ | `-ch` | `-s` | 63 words | charnois, chassagnes |
466
+ | `-ma` | `-e` | 54 words | marville, maddare |
467
+ | `-co` | `-s` | 53 words | collonges, corps |
468
+ | `-mo` | `-s` | 46 words | moffans, moulédous |
469
+ | `-ch` | `-es` | 44 words | chassagnes, chaumes |
470
+ | `-ma` | `-s` | 43 words | mazères, martigues |
471
+ | `-ch` | `-e` | 41 words | challerange, champclause |
472
+ | `-co` | `-e` | 35 words | corbière, conie |
473
+ | `-co` | `-es` | 28 words | collonges, coyolles |
474
+
475
+ ### 6.5 Recursive Morpheme Segmentation
476
+
477
+ Using **Recursive Hierarchical Substitutability**, we decompose complex words into their constituent morphemes. This approach handles nested affixes (e.g., `prefix-prefix-root-suffix`).
478
+
479
+ | Word | Suggested Split | Confidence | Stem |
480
+ |------|-----------------|------------|------|
481
+ | lagardelle | **`la-garde-lle`** | 6.0 | `garde` |
482
+ | lavilledieu | **`la-villedieu`** | 4.5 | `villedieu` |
483
+ | laboissière | **`la-boissière`** | 4.5 | `boissière` |
484
+ | malaincourt | **`ma-la-inco-urt`** | 4.5 | `inco` |
485
+ | colleville | **`co-llev-ille`** | 3.0 | `llev` |
486
+ | maizières | **`ma-izièr-es`** | 3.0 | `izièr` |
487
+ | champenoises | **`ch-ampenois-es`** | 3.0 | `ampenois` |
488
+ | chavignon | **`ch-avign-on`** | 3.0 | `avign` |
489
+ | montescourt | **`mo-ntesc-ourt`** | 3.0 | `ntesc` |
490
+ | châteauredon | **`ch-âteaured-on`** | 3.0 | `âteaured` |
491
+ | chevannes | **`ch-evann-es`** | 3.0 | `evann` |
492
+ | lamasquère | **`la-ma-squère`** | 3.0 | `squère` |
493
+ | landaville | **`la-ndav-ille`** | 3.0 | `ndav` |
494
+ | mourvilles | **`mo-urvill-es`** | 3.0 | `urvill` |
495
+ | malvières | **`ma-lvièr-es`** | 3.0 | `lvièr` |
496
+
497
+ ### 6.6 Linguistic Interpretation
498
+
499
+ > **Automated Insight:**
500
+ The language BUG appears to be more isolating or has a highly fixed vocabulary. Word-level models perform nearly as well as subword models, indicating fewer productive morphological processes.
501
+
502
+ ---
503
+ ## 7. Summary & Recommendations
504
 
505
  ![Performance Dashboard](visualizations/performance_dashboard.png)
506
 
 
508
 
509
  | Component | Recommended | Rationale |
510
  |-----------|-------------|-----------|
511
+ | Tokenizer | **32k BPE** | Best compression (4.92x) |
512
+ | N-gram | **2-gram** | Lowest perplexity (75) |
513
+ | Markov | **Context-4** | Highest predictability (98.6%) |
514
  | Embeddings | **100d** | Balanced semantic capture and isotropy |
515
 
516
+
517
  ---
518
  ## Appendix: Metrics Glossary & Interpretation Guide
519
 
 
703
  author = {Kamali, Omar},
704
  title = {Wikilangs: Open NLP Models for Wikipedia Languages},
705
  year = {2025},
706
+ doi = {10.5281/zenodo.18073153},
707
+ publisher = {Zenodo},
708
  url = {https://huggingface.co/wikilangs}
709
  institution = {Omneity Labs}
710
  }
 
720
  - 🤗 Models: [huggingface.co/wikilangs](https://huggingface.co/wikilangs)
721
  - 📊 Data: [wikipedia-monthly](https://huggingface.co/datasets/omarkamali/wikipedia-monthly)
722
  - 👤 Author: [Omar Kamali](https://huggingface.co/omarkamali)
723
+ - 🤝 Sponsor: [Featherless AI](https://featherless.ai)
724
  ---
725
  *Generated by Wikilangs Models Pipeline*
726
 
727
+ *Report Date: 2026-01-03 08:55:12*
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5
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6
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7
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8
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9
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10
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11
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