text,drug,effect,indexes
Intravenous azithromycin-induced ototoxicity.,azithromycin,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Immobilization, while Paget's bone disease was present, and perhaps enhanced activation of dihydrotachysterol by rifampicin, could have led to increased calcium-release into the circulation.",dihydrotachysterol,increased calcium-release,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [168]}}"
Unaccountable severe hypercalcemia in a patient treated for hypoparathyroidism with dihydrotachysterol.,dihydrotachysterol,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}}"
METHODS: We report two cases of pseudoporphyria caused by naproxen and oxaprozin.,naproxen,pseudoporphyria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [47]}}"
METHODS: We report two cases of pseudoporphyria caused by naproxen and oxaprozin.,oxaprozin,pseudoporphyria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Naproxen, the most common offender, has been associated with a dimorphic clinical pattern: a PCT-like presentation and one simulating erythropoietic protoporphyria in the pediatric population.",Naproxen,erythropoietic protoporphyria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [163]}}"
RESULTS: A 44-year-old man taking naproxen for chronic low back pain and a 20-year-old woman on oxaprozin for rheumatoid arthritis presented with tense bullae and cutaneous fragility on the face and the back of the hands.,naproxen,cutaneous fragility,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [182]}}"
RESULTS: A 44-year-old man taking naproxen for chronic low back pain and a 20-year-old woman on oxaprozin for rheumatoid arthritis presented with tense bullae and cutaneous fragility on the face and the back of the hands.,oxaprozin,cutaneous fragility,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [182]}}"
RESULTS: A 44-year-old man taking naproxen for chronic low back pain and a 20-year-old woman on oxaprozin for rheumatoid arthritis presented with tense bullae and cutaneous fragility on the face and the back of the hands.,naproxen,tense bullae,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [158]}}"
RESULTS: A 44-year-old man taking naproxen for chronic low back pain and a 20-year-old woman on oxaprozin for rheumatoid arthritis presented with tense bullae and cutaneous fragility on the face and the back of the hands.,oxaprozin,tense bullae,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [158]}}"
BACKGROUND: How to best treat psychotic patients who have had past clozapine-induced agranulocytosis or granulocytopenia remains a problem.,clozapine,granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [120]}}"
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that olanzapine may be useful in treating patients with clozapine-induced granulocytopenia without the risk of recurrence of hematologic side effects.,clozapine,granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [122]}}"
Prolonged severe 5-fluorouracil-associated neurotoxicity in a patient with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.,5-fluorouracil,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"We describe the side effects of 5-FU in a colon cancer patient who suffered severe mucositis, desquamating dermatitis, prolonged myelosuppression, and neurologic toxicity that required admission to the intensive care unit.",5-FU,neurologic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"We describe the side effects of 5-FU in a colon cancer patient who suffered severe mucositis, desquamating dermatitis, prolonged myelosuppression, and neurologic toxicity that required admission to the intensive care unit.",5-FU,prolonged myelosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"We describe the side effects of 5-FU in a colon cancer patient who suffered severe mucositis, desquamating dermatitis, prolonged myelosuppression, and neurologic toxicity that required admission to the intensive care unit.",5-FU,severe mucositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"This case suggests that BH-AC, a derivative of cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) could be a cause of reversible encephalopathy syndrome.",BH-AC,encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [158]}}"
"We report a case of reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a 16-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), who is undergoing during consolidation chemotherapy composed of BH-AC (N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine) and idarubicin.",BH-AC,encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"We report a case of reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a 16-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), who is undergoing during consolidation chemotherapy composed of BH-AC (N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine) and idarubicin.",idarubicin,encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [239], 'end_char': [249]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"In one case, the readministration of riluzole was followed by the relapse of hepatitis.",riluzole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"We report the cases of two patients who developed acute hepatitis after taking riluzole at the recommended dose (100 mg daily) for 7 and 4 weeks, respectively.",riluzole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Lupus-like syndrome caused by 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.,5-aminosalicylic acid,Lupus-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Although the two local anesthetics usually do not cause methemoglobinemia, we suspect that the displacement of lidocaine from protein binding by bupivacaine, in combination with metabolic acidosis and treatment with other oxidants, was the reason for the development of methemoglobinemia.",lidocaine,methemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56, 270], 'end_char': [73, 287]}}"
Methemoglobinemia after axillary block with bupivacaine and additional injection of lidocaine in the operative field.,bupivacaine,Methemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Methemoglobinemia after axillary block with bupivacaine and additional injection of lidocaine in the operative field.,lidocaine,Methemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
We report a patient with chronic renal failure and ischemic heart disease who developed clinically significant methemoglobinemia after an axillary block with bupivacaine and additional injection of lidocaine in the operative field.,bupivacaine,methemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [128]}}"
We report a patient with chronic renal failure and ischemic heart disease who developed clinically significant methemoglobinemia after an axillary block with bupivacaine and additional injection of lidocaine in the operative field.,lidocaine,methemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [198], 'end_char': [207]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Detection of activated eosinophils in nasal polyps of an aspirin-induced asthma patient.,aspirin,asthma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [79]}}"
An episode of subacute encephalopathy after the infusion of a moderate dose of methotrexate (1500 mg/m2) (MTX) is reported in a young adult with metastastic gastric cancer.,methotrexate,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"We believe that this represents an unusual case of moderate-dose MTX-induced neurotoxicity in a patient with gastric cancer, which has not previously been reported.",MTX,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [90]}}"
We describe a life threatening side effect of acute epoprostenol infusion (pulmonary edema) in a patient with pulmonary hypertension associated with limited scleroderma and discuss its management and potential etiology.,epoprostenol,pulmonary edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [90]}}"
A 14-year-old girl with newly diagnosed SLE developed a pruritic bullous eruption while on prednisone.,prednisone,pruritic bullous eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Hydroxyurea-induced acute interstitial pneumonitis in a patient with essential thrombocythemia.,Hydroxyurea,acute interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [50]}}"
The clinical course suggests that the interstitial pneumonitis was induced by hydroxyurea.,hydroxyurea,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [62]}}"
This is the first case of hydroxyurea-induced acute interstitial pneumonitis reported in the literature.,hydroxyurea,acute interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis to calcipotriol.,calcipotriol,irritant contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"Calcipotriol (Daivonex R; Leo Pharmaceuticals, Zurich, Switzerland) may cause irritation of the skin, whereas allergic reactions are less common.",Calcipotriol,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"Calcipotriol (Daivonex R; Leo Pharmaceuticals, Zurich, Switzerland) may cause irritation of the skin, whereas allergic reactions are less common.",Calcipotriol,irritation of the skin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"The present observation suggests, that a batch of different testing doses, including lower testing doses may help to differentiate between an allergic type of contact dermatitis and an irritant type of reaction after treatment with calcipotriol.",calcipotriol,irritant type of reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [232], 'end_char': [244]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [210]}}"
Myotonia associated with sarcoidosis: marked exacerbation with pravastatin.,pravastatin,Myotonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
Pravastatin is associated with myotonia in animals.,Pravastatin,myotonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"This case suggests that sarcoidosis and pravastatin, two entities not frequently associated with myotonia, may interact in a synergistic manner to produce severe clinical myotonia in humans.",pravastatin,myotonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97, 171], 'end_char': [105, 179]}}"
"Hypersensitivity to aspirin can be manifested as acute asthma, urticaria and/or angioedema, or a systemic anaphylactoid reaction.",aspirin,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"Hypersensitivity to aspirin can be manifested as acute asthma, urticaria and/or angioedema, or a systemic anaphylactoid reaction.",aspirin,systemic anaphylactoid reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"Hypersensitivity to aspirin can be manifested as acute asthma, urticaria and/or angioedema, or a systemic anaphylactoid reaction.",aspirin,urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [72]}}"
CONCLUSION: Fixed drug eruption is associated with many drugs but this is the first such report with omeprazole.,omeprazole,eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Fixed drug eruption in hands caused by omeprazole.,omeprazole,eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [19]}}"
The objective of this report is to describe a case of fixed drug eruption that occurred during omeprazole treatment.,omeprazole,eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"A 26-year-old Japanese man, who had been receiving medical attention for ulcerative colitis for one year, presented with diffuse erythema and pustules on his face and trunk, malaise, and fever up to 39 degrees C one day after the administration of salazosulfapyridine.",salazosulfapyridine,diffuse erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [248], 'end_char': [267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"A 26-year-old Japanese man, who had been receiving medical attention for ulcerative colitis for one year, presented with diffuse erythema and pustules on his face and trunk, malaise, and fever up to 39 degrees C one day after the administration of salazosulfapyridine.",salazosulfapyridine,fever up to 39 degrees C,"{'drug': {'start_char': [248], 'end_char': [267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [211]}}"
"A 26-year-old Japanese man, who had been receiving medical attention for ulcerative colitis for one year, presented with diffuse erythema and pustules on his face and trunk, malaise, and fever up to 39 degrees C one day after the administration of salazosulfapyridine.",salazosulfapyridine,malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [248], 'end_char': [267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [181]}}"
"A 26-year-old Japanese man, who had been receiving medical attention for ulcerative colitis for one year, presented with diffuse erythema and pustules on his face and trunk, malaise, and fever up to 39 degrees C one day after the administration of salazosulfapyridine.",salazosulfapyridine,pustules,"{'drug': {'start_char': [248], 'end_char': [267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [150]}}"
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by salazosulfapyridine in a patient with ulcerative colitis.,salazosulfapyridine,Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) induced by salazosulfapyridine in a patient with ulcerative colitis.,salazosulfapyridine,acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [62]}}"
CASE SUMMARY: A 39-year-old white Jewish schizophrenic man treated with olanzapine developed an elevated serum CK concentration with a peak concentration of 4000 IU/L (normal < 230).,olanzapine,elevated serum CK concentration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Olanzapine, like other atypical antipsychotic drugs, may cause muscle injury with concomitant elevations of serum CK of muscle origin.",Olanzapine,muscle injury with concomitant elevations of serum CK,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Marked elevation of serum creatine kinase associated with olanzapine therapy.,olanzapine,elevation of serum creatine kinase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [41]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of marked elevation of serum creatine kinase (CK) associated with olanzapine therapy.,olanzapine,elevation of serum creatine kinase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Diclofenac-associated hepatitis.,Diclofenac,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"This patient, who had a history of osteoarthritis, had severe hepatitis 5 weeks after being started on diclofenac for increasing pain in the joints.",diclofenac,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"2-CdA induces lymphocytopenia, which may explain the improvement in this patient's psoriasis.",2-CdA,lymphocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [29]}}"
One case of priapism occurred during heparin therapy for a previous surgical operation to the knee is reported.,heparin,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Priapism as a complication of heparin therapy.,heparin,Priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
The association between heparin and priapism is often recognized; abnormal platelet aggregation could play a role in the pathogenesis of this side effect.,heparin,abnormal platelet aggregation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [95]}}"
The association between heparin and priapism is often recognized; abnormal platelet aggregation could play a role in the pathogenesis of this side effect.,heparin,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"It carries a well-known risk of neutropenia and agranulocytosis, which necessitates the immediate discontinuation of clozapine.",clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"It carries a well-known risk of neutropenia and agranulocytosis, which necessitates the immediate discontinuation of clozapine.",clozapine,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: We report a patient who developed neutropenia on clozapine, but behind the cell count decrease showed to be a diurnal variation of the white blood cells (WBC).",clozapine,diurnal variation of the white blood cells,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [163]}}"
Acute neutrophilic dermatosis induced by all-trans-retinoic acid treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia.,all-trans-retinoic acid,Acute neutrophilic dermatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Findings on discontinuation and rechallenge supported the assumption that the hair loss was a side effect of the paroxetine.,paroxetine,hair loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Hair loss associated with paroxetine treatment: a case report.,paroxetine,Hair loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
We report on a 37-year-old female who complained of moderate hair loss during paroxetine treatment.,paroxetine,hair loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"CONCLUSION: Patients with insulin allergy may not have complete resolution of their symptoms after standard desensitization, particularly those patients with concomitant protamine allergy.",insulin,protamine allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,severe urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,severe urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,wheezing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"METHODS: The patient required insulin desensitization for severe urticaria, angioedema, and occasional wheezing resulting from her insulin dose.",insulin,wheezing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 131], 'end_char': [37, 138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether desensitization to NPH insulin, as well as standard insulin desensitization, could control allergic symptoms in a patient allergic to both NPH and regular insulin.",insulin,allergic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85, 114, 217], 'end_char': [92, 121, 224]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether desensitization to NPH insulin, as well as standard insulin desensitization, could control allergic symptoms in a patient allergic to both NPH and regular insulin.",NPH insulin,allergic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [170]}}"
Patients receiving neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin are at increased risk for the development of protamine hypersensitivity.,neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin,protamine hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [131]}}"
Protamine allergy as a complication of insulin hypersensitivity: A case report.,insulin,Protamine allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
She continued to receive regular insulin 4 times per day over the following 3 years with only occasional hives.,insulin,hives,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"The patient had recurrence of urticaria and angioedema a year and a half later, at which point the NPH was stopped and she was desensitized to regular insulin.",insulin,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"The patient had recurrence of urticaria and angioedema a year and a half later, at which point the NPH was stopped and she was desensitized to regular insulin.",NPH,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"The patient had recurrence of urticaria and angioedema a year and a half later, at which point the NPH was stopped and she was desensitized to regular insulin.",insulin,urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"The patient had recurrence of urticaria and angioedema a year and a half later, at which point the NPH was stopped and she was desensitized to regular insulin.",NPH,urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A 5-month-old infant became lethargic and poorly responsive after receiving 1 drop of brimonidine in each eye.,brimonidine,lethargic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}}"
A 5-month-old infant became lethargic and poorly responsive after receiving 1 drop of brimonidine in each eye.,brimonidine,poorly responsive,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [59]}}"
An 11-day-old infant became lethargic and apneic after a single drop of brimonidine.,brimonidine,apneic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [48]}}"
An 11-day-old infant became lethargic and apneic after a single drop of brimonidine.,brimonidine,lethargic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Apparent central nervous system depression in infants after the use of topical brimonidine.,brimonidine,central nervous system depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [42]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Topical brimonidine may be associated with central nervous system depression in infants.,brimonidine,central nervous system depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [89]}}"
PURPOSE: To report two cases in which topical brimonidine resulted in apparent central nervous system depression and unresponsiveness in an infant.,brimonidine,central nervous system depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Ceftriaxone was approved in 1997 for the treatment of otitis media despite previous studies that documented an association of ceftriaxone with elevated hepato-biliary enzymes and transient biliary stasis.,ceftriaxone,elevated hepato-biliary enzymes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [174]}}"
Ceftriaxone was approved in 1997 for the treatment of otitis media despite previous studies that documented an association of ceftriaxone with elevated hepato-biliary enzymes and transient biliary stasis.,ceftriaxone,transient biliary stasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [203]}}"
Hepato-biliary abnormalities secondary to ceftriaxone use: a case report.,ceftriaxone,Hepato-biliary abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy after intrathecal methotrexate treatment.,methotrexate,Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Reported are three children who developed progressive paraparesis after intrathecal methotrexate administration followed by complete or partial recovery.,methotrexate,progressive paraparesis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"During the first days of arsenic trioxide treatment a rapid decrease in the D-dimers was seen (normal values reached until day 7), together with a slight decrease in peripheral blood leukocytes.",arsenic trioxide,decrease in the D-dimers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"During the first days of arsenic trioxide treatment a rapid decrease in the D-dimers was seen (normal values reached until day 7), together with a slight decrease in peripheral blood leukocytes.",arsenic trioxide,slight decrease in peripheral blood leukocytes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [193]}}"
"A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.",minocycline,chills,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.",minocycline,fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.",minocycline,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.",minocycline,"generalized, pruritic, macular eruption","{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.",minocycline,night sweats,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"With the negative viral serologies, the clinical picture was most consistent with an infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome produced by the minocycline ingestion.", minocycline,mononucleosis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [123]}}"
We conclude that the presence of this metabolic defect combined with topical 5-FU (a drug demonstrating a narrow therapeutic index) results in the unusual presentation of life-threatening toxicity after treatment with a topical drug.,5-FU,life-threatening toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [196]}}"
We now report the first known cancer patient who developed life-threatening complications after treatment with topical 5-FU and was shown subsequently to have profound DPD deficiency.,5-FU,life-threatening complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [89]}}"
An acute ischaemic event associated with the use of venlafaxine: a case report and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms.,venlafaxine,acute ischaemic event,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [3], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The association of venlafaxine treatment with ischaemic events could be explained by its unique pharmacological and haemodynamic properties.,venlafaxine,ischaemic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [62]}}"
This is the first report of a possible association between an acute cardiovascular event and venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,acute cardiovascular event,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"We present a case of an elderly woman with a pre-existing history of ischaemic heart disease, who was treated with venlafaxine, and developed acute myocardial ischaemia within the first week of treatment.",venlafaxine,acute myocardial ischaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [168]}}"
Apparent cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) embryopathy: a distinct phenotype?,cyclophosphamide,embryopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [47]}}"
The purpose of this report is to document a new case of in utero CP exposure with multiple congenital anomalies and to establish an apparent CP embryopathy phenotype.,CP,embryopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65, 141], 'end_char': [67, 143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [155]}}"
The purpose of this report is to document a new case of in utero CP exposure with multiple congenital anomalies and to establish an apparent CP embryopathy phenotype.,CP,multiple congenital anomalies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65, 141], 'end_char': [67, 143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,blepharophimosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [188]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,craniosynostosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,developmental delay,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,distal limb defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [228], 'end_char': [247]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,flat nasal bridge,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [190], 'end_char': [207]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,hypoplastic thumbs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [258], 'end_char': [276]}}"
"The reported cases of in utero exposure to cyclosposphamide shared the following manifestations with our patient: growth deficiency, developmental delay, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, flat nasal bridge, abnormal ears, and distal limb defects including hypoplastic thumbs and oligodactyly.",cyclosposphamide,oligodactyly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [281], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"We conclude that (a) cyclophosphamide is a human teratogen, (b) a distinct phenotype exists, and (c) the safety of CP in pregnancy is in serious question.",cyclophosphamide,human teratogen,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"In all cases, seizures were controlled by withdrawal of phenytoin and reduction of drug levels.",phenytoin,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Paradoxical seizures in phenytoin toxicity.,phenytoin,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"We present three patients with paradoxical seizures; their serum phenytoin levels were 43.5 mcg/mL, 46.5 mcg/mL and 38.3 mcg/mL.",phenytoin,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [51]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: This case suggests that losartan can induce late-onset angioedema in patients with normal renal function and that the reaction can recur after initial resolution of the symptoms.,losartan,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Losartan-induced angioedema.,Losartan,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of angioedema associated with losartan administration.,losartan,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}}"
"The incidence of angioedema secondary to losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is unknown.",losartan,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}}"
We report the case of a female acromegalic patient in whom multiple hepatic adenomas appeared soon after danazol treatment for uterine fibromatosis.,danazol,hepatic adenomas,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare and serious complication of anticoagulation therapy.,Heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Pediatric heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: management with Danaparoid (orgaran).,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"There remains a paucity of information pertaining to alternative anticoagulation strategies for use during cardiopulmonary bypass concomitant with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, especially in children.",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [179]}}"
We report the successful treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and subsequent hemorrhagic complications postoperatively in a 2-year-old child with Danaparoid (orgaran).,heparin,hemorrhagic complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [111]}}"
We report the successful treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and subsequent hemorrhagic complications postoperatively in a 2-year-old child with Danaparoid (orgaran).,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Taxane-induced glaucoma.,Taxane,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [23]}}"
We report a case of glaucoma induced by doxetaxel therapy for metastatic breast cancer.,doxetaxel,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Acute hyperphosphatemia caused by sodium phosphate enema in a patient with liver dysfunction and chronic renal failure.,sodium phosphate,hyperphosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [23]}}"
We report a case of acute hyperphosphatemia secondary to rectal administration of sodium phosphate and sodium biphosphate (Fleet enema).,sodium biphosphate,hyperphosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [43]}}"
We report a case of acute hyperphosphatemia secondary to rectal administration of sodium phosphate and sodium biphosphate (Fleet enema).,sodium phosphate,hyperphosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Prolongation of the QT interval and ventricular tachyarrhymias have been described in patients on amiodarone therapy.,amiodarone,Prolongation of the QT interval,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Prolongation of the QT interval and ventricular tachyarrhymias have been described in patients on amiodarone therapy.,amiodarone,ventricular tachyarrhymias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [62]}}"
We report a case of recurrent torsades de pointes following treatment with pentavalent antimonial drugs and amiodarone.,amiodarone,torsades de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Emphasis is given to the differentiation of diphenylhydantoin induced gingival hyperplasia from the angiomatous enlargement of the gingiva before any treatment is planned.,diphenylhydantoin,gingival hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"A 66-year-old Japanese woman with severe scleroderma developed anemia and thrombocytopenia due to D-penicillamine (D-Pen) treatment, although the leukopenia was not markedly severe.",D-Pen,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"A 66-year-old Japanese woman with severe scleroderma developed anemia and thrombocytopenia due to D-penicillamine (D-Pen) treatment, although the leukopenia was not markedly severe.",D-penicillamine,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"A 66-year-old Japanese woman with severe scleroderma developed anemia and thrombocytopenia due to D-penicillamine (D-Pen) treatment, although the leukopenia was not markedly severe.",D-Pen,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"A 66-year-old Japanese woman with severe scleroderma developed anemia and thrombocytopenia due to D-penicillamine (D-Pen) treatment, although the leukopenia was not markedly severe.",D-penicillamine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Cessation of D-Pen and the start of corticosteroid therapy were followed by recovery from bicytopenia.,D-Pen,bicytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [101]}}"
In vitro inhibition of hematopoiesis in a patient with systemic sclerosis treated with D-penicillamine.,D-penicillamine,inhibition of hematopoiesis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [36]}}"
These findings suggest that bicytopenia in this patient was caused by D-Pen and may be due to different sensitivities in the hematopoietic lineage.,D-Pen,bicytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A 48-year-old woman who was treated for thyrotoxicosis with methimazole developed agranulocytosis.,methimazole,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [97]}}"
Postoperative hypocalcemic tetany caused by fleet phospho-soda preparation in a patient taking alendronate sodium: report of a case.,alendronate sodium,hypocalcemic tetany,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Postoperative hypocalcemic tetany caused by fleet phospho-soda preparation in a patient taking alendronate sodium: report of a case.,fleet phospho-soda,hypocalcemic tetany,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [33]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,alendronate,hypocalcemic tetany,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [162]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,Fleet Phospho-Soda,hypocalcemic tetany,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [162]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,Fosamax,hypocalcemic tetany,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [162]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,alendronate,hypophosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [138]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,Fleet Phospho-Soda,hypophosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [138]}}"
This case report describes a patient who was previously prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) and presented with postoperative hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany after bowel preparation with Fleet Phospho-Soda.,Fosamax,hypophosphatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [138]}}"
Described here are 2 patients who developed thrombotic microangiopathy of the kidneys after receiving high cumulative doses of the new anticancer drug gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,thrombotic microangiopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure in two patients undergoing gemcitabine chemotherapy.,gemcitabine,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure in two patients undergoing gemcitabine chemotherapy.,gemcitabine,Thrombotic microangiopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
The first patient was a 61-year-old man with a 30-year history of fistulizing CD in whom B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed 9 months after treatment with infliximab.,infliximab,B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [118]}}"
The relationship between infliximab treatment and lymphoma in Crohn's disease.,infliximab,lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [58]}}"
The second is a 29-year-old man with CD in whom nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed 3 weeks after infusion with infliximab.,infliximab,nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [85]}}"
We describe the clinical course of 2 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in whom lymphoma was diagnosed after treatment with infliximab.,infliximab,lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Codeine intoxication in the neonate.,Codeine,Codeine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"We report a case of codeine intoxication in the neonate, in which the drug was prescribed for cough control during an emergency department visit.",codeine,codeine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Hydroxyurea (HU) and sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) have been shown to increase fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) levels in patients with thalassemia intermedia.,Hydroxyurea,increase fetal hemoglobin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Hydroxyurea (HU) and sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) have been shown to increase fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) levels in patients with thalassemia intermedia.,sodium phenylbutyrate,increase fetal hemoglobin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"Of the four patients who responded to HU with an increase in total Hb, all reported symptomatic improvement and three have not required further transfusions.",HU,increase in total Hb,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Prolonged responses were achieved with low doses of HU (3-10 mg/kg/day) and higher doses were associated with mild reversible hematologic or hepatic toxicity and no further increases in Hb.,HU,hepatic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [157]}}"
Prolonged responses were achieved with low doses of HU (3-10 mg/kg/day) and higher doses were associated with mild reversible hematologic or hepatic toxicity and no further increases in Hb.,HU,mild reversible hematologic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"Sodium phenylbutyrate was added to treatment with HU in two patients, but failed to produce an increase in total Hb despite increasing Hb F levels.",HU,increasing Hb F,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"Sodium phenylbutyrate was added to treatment with HU in two patients, but failed to produce an increase in total Hb despite increasing Hb F levels.",Sodium phenylbutyrate,increasing Hb F,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [139]}}"
We conclude that low-dose HU therapy in patients with thalassemia intermedia may increase total Hb levels sufficiently to eliminate the need for transfusions.,HU,increase total Hb,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"We describe the clinical response, as determined by increases in total Hb and decreased transfusion needs, in five patients with thalassemia intermedia treated with HU alone or in combination with SPB.",HU,increases in total Hb,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We describe the clinical response, as determined by increases in total Hb and decreased transfusion needs, in five patients with thalassemia intermedia treated with HU alone or in combination with SPB.",SPB,increases in total Hb,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"A 36-y-o patient with schizophrenia, who had consumed gradually increasing quantities of oolong tea that eventually reached 15 L each day, became delirious and was admitted to a psychiatric hospital.",oolong tea,delirious,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [155]}}"
After abstinence from oolong tea his delirium resolved.,oolong tea,delirium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Severe rhabdomyolysis following massive ingestion of oolong tea: caffeine intoxication with coexisting hyponatremia.,caffeine,caffeine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Severe rhabdomyolysis following massive ingestion of oolong tea: caffeine intoxication with coexisting hyponatremia.,oolong tea,caffeine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Severe rhabdomyolysis following massive ingestion of oolong tea: caffeine intoxication with coexisting hyponatremia.,caffeine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Severe rhabdomyolysis following massive ingestion of oolong tea: caffeine intoxication with coexisting hyponatremia.,oolong tea,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"The clinical course suggests that caffeine, which is present in oolong tea, was mainly responsible for the rhabdomyolysis as well as the delirium, although severe hyponatremia has been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis on rare occasions.",caffeine,delirium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"The clinical course suggests that caffeine, which is present in oolong tea, was mainly responsible for the rhabdomyolysis as well as the delirium, although severe hyponatremia has been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis on rare occasions.",caffeine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"The clinical course suggests that caffeine, which is present in oolong tea, was mainly responsible for the rhabdomyolysis as well as the delirium, although severe hyponatremia has been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis on rare occasions.",caffeine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107, 203], 'end_char': [121, 217]}}"
"The clinical course suggests that caffeine, which is present in oolong tea, was mainly responsible for the rhabdomyolysis as well as the delirium, although severe hyponatremia has been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis on rare occasions.",caffeine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107, 203], 'end_char': [121, 217]}}"
The possibility of severe rhabdomyolysis should be considered in a patient with water intoxication due to massive ingestion of caffeine-containing beverages.,caffeine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [40]}}"
The possibility of severe rhabdomyolysis should be considered in a patient with water intoxication due to massive ingestion of caffeine-containing beverages.,caffeine,water intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"We hypothesize that caffeine toxicity injured the muscle cells, which were fragile due to the potassium depletion induced by the coexisting hyponatremia, to result in unusually severe rhabdomyolysis.",caffeine,caffeine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"We hypothesize that caffeine toxicity injured the muscle cells, which were fragile due to the potassium depletion induced by the coexisting hyponatremia, to result in unusually severe rhabdomyolysis.",caffeine,coexisting hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"We hypothesize that caffeine toxicity injured the muscle cells, which were fragile due to the potassium depletion induced by the coexisting hyponatremia, to result in unusually severe rhabdomyolysis.",caffeine,injured the muscle cells,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [62]}}"
"We hypothesize that caffeine toxicity injured the muscle cells, which were fragile due to the potassium depletion induced by the coexisting hyponatremia, to result in unusually severe rhabdomyolysis.",caffeine,potassium depletion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [113]}}"
"We hypothesize that caffeine toxicity injured the muscle cells, which were fragile due to the potassium depletion induced by the coexisting hyponatremia, to result in unusually severe rhabdomyolysis.",caffeine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [198]}}"
"After the addition of citalopram, a desmethylclomipramine plasma level increase and an 8-hydroacy-desmethylclomipramine plasma level decrease were observed.",citalopram,8-hydroacy-desmethylclomipramine plasma level decrease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"After the addition of citalopram, a desmethylclomipramine plasma level increase and an 8-hydroacy-desmethylclomipramine plasma level decrease were observed.",citalopram,desmethylclomipramine plasma level increase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [79]}}"
We report 3 cases of HIV-1 infected patients who experienced symptomatic angiolipomas shortly after starting antiretroviral therapy including the protease inhibitor indinavir.,indinavir,angiolipomas,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [174]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}}"
Elevated serum triglycerides with clozapine resolved with risperidone in four patients.,clozapine,Elevated serum triglycerides,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
In two patients clozapine was reinstated after risperidone was discontinued; serum triglyceride levels increased.,clozapine,serum triglyceride levels increased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [112]}}"
This increase when clozapine was switched to risperidone and vice versa is consistent with our previous report of elevated serum triglyceride levels in clozapine-treated patients.,clozapine,elevated serum triglyceride levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19, 152], 'end_char': [28, 161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [148]}}"
Intravenous valproate associated with significant hypotension in the treatment of status epilepticus.,valproate,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first report of significant hypotension associated with intravenous valproate in the treatment of status epilepticus in the pediatric population.",valproate,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [69]}}"
We report a case of severe hypotension associated with intravenous valproate used to treat status epilepticus in an 11-year-old girl.,valproate,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}}"
In both patients the rippling phenomena worsened with pyridostigmine treatment but markedly improved after immunosuppression with azathioprine.,pyridostigmine,rippling phenomena worsened,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [48]}}"
A diagnosis of masked theophylline poisoning should be considered in similar situations involving a rapid decrease of insulin requirements.,theophylline,theophylline poisoning,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Salicylate intoxication was excluded, and theophylline was finally incriminated.",theophylline,intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Theophylline intoxication mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis in a child.,Theophylline,Theophylline intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"This compound, used by adults in the child's home, had caused accidental theophylline poisoning, mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis.",theophylline,theophylline poisoning,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Methylene blue in the treatment and prevention of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy: report of 12 cases and a review of the literature.,ifosfamide,ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Ten to 15% of patients treated with ifosfamide develop an encephalopathy.,ifosfamide,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [72]}}"
We conclude that MB is an effective treatment for ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy.,ifosfamide,ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Portal vein thrombosis in a patient with severe haemophilia A and F V G1691A mutation during continuous infusion of F VIII after intramural jejunal bleeding--successful thrombolysis under heparin therapy.,F VIII,Portal vein thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
We report on a 14-year-old boy with severe haemophilia A who developed a portal vein thrombosis during continuous infusion of F VIII.,F VIII,portal vein thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [95]}}"
A 60-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus (type 2) developed an acute icteric hepatitis-like illness 6 weeks after the initiation of gliclazide therapy.,gliclazide,acute icteric hepatitis-like illness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [101]}}"
Gliclazide-induced acute hepatitis.,Gliclazide,acute hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"In conclusion, this case strongly suggests that gliclazide can induce acute icteric liver necro-inflammation which may be misdiagnosed clinically as acute viral hepatitis.",gliclazide,acute icteric liver necro-inflammation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [108]}}"
We believe that this is the first description of acute hepatitis caused by an idiosyncratic adverse reaction to gliclazide or to one of its metabolites.,gliclazide,acute hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"We describe the case of acute hepatitis induced by gliclazide, a second generation sulfonylurea.",gliclazide,acute hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Caution is, therefore, needed to prevent undesired accumulation of TCA that may lead to protracted Cushing's syndrome.",TCA,Cushing's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}}"
Cushing's syndrome persisted more than 6 months while TCA concentrations remained detectable for at least 80 days.,TCA,Cushing's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"The presented patient was treated with 200 mg TCA and developed Cushing's syndrome 6 weeks later (cortisol and ACTH concentrations were below limits of detection, TCA concentrations were > 3 micrograms/l).",TCA,Cushing's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46, 163], 'end_char': [49, 166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"Both had impaired lung function and abnormal computed tomographic scans, and their condition improved when nitrofurantoin was withdrawn and corticosteroid treatment commenced.",nitrofurantoin,abnormal computed tomographic scans,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"Both had impaired lung function and abnormal computed tomographic scans, and their condition improved when nitrofurantoin was withdrawn and corticosteroid treatment commenced.",nitrofurantoin,impaired lung function,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia associated with the use of nitrofurantoin.,nitrofurantoin,Bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [45]}}"
"The case histories are presented of two patients who developed lung disease associated with the use of nitrofurantoin with histological features of bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP), a rare but recognised form of drug induced injury.",nitrofurantoin,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"The case histories are presented of two patients who developed lung disease associated with the use of nitrofurantoin with histological features of bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP), a rare but recognised form of drug induced injury.",nitrofurantoin,bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [193]}}"
"The case histories are presented of two patients who developed lung disease associated with the use of nitrofurantoin with histological features of bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP), a rare but recognised form of drug induced injury.",nitrofurantoin,lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [75]}}"
The favourable outcome in these two patients contrasts with the fatal outcome of the two other reported cases of nitrofurantoin induced BOOP.,nitrofurantoin,fatal outcome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [77]}}"
The favourable outcome in these two patients contrasts with the fatal outcome of the two other reported cases of nitrofurantoin induced BOOP.,nitrofurantoin,nitrofurantoin induced BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [140]}}"
The spectrum of nitrofurantoin lung injury continues to widen.,nitrofurantoin,lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [42]}}"
The two middle aged women presented with respiratory symptoms after prolonged treatment with nitrofurantoin.,nitrofurantoin,respiratory symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"We suggest that the previous classification of nitrofurantoin induced lung injury into ""acute"" and ""chronic"" injury is an oversimplification in view of the wide variety of pathological entities that have subsequently emerged.",nitrofurantoin,nitrofurantoin induced lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Intravenous administration of levodopa ameliorated a refractory akathisia case induced by interferon-alpha.,interferon-alpha,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}}"
The present report illustrates a rare case of refractory akathisia after interferon-alpha treatment and also that levodopa treatment would be theoretically and practically useful in reducing the neurotoxicity associated with interferon-alpha.,interferon-alpha,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73, 225], 'end_char': [89, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}}"
The present report illustrates a rare case of refractory akathisia after interferon-alpha treatment and also that levodopa treatment would be theoretically and practically useful in reducing the neurotoxicity associated with interferon-alpha.,interferon-alpha,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73, 225], 'end_char': [89, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [208]}}"
Acute erythroid leukemia after cyclophosphamide therapy for multiple myeloma: report of two cases.,cyclophosphamide,Acute erythroid leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The development of erythroid leukemia plus carcinoma in these two men suggests mutagenic change secondary to cyclophosphamide therapy.,cyclophosphamide,carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"Scleroderma-like reaction induced by uracil-tegafur (UFT), a second-generation anticancer agent.",UFT,Scleroderma-like reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Scleroderma-like reaction induced by uracil-tegafur (UFT), a second-generation anticancer agent.",uracil-tegafur,Scleroderma-like reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
This is the first report of UFT-induced scleroderma-like reaction.,UFT,UFT-induced scleroderma-like reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [65]}}"
We report a case of a scleroderma-like reaction induced by long-term administration of UFT.,UFT,scleroderma-like reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Central nervous system manifestations of an ibuprofen overdose reversed by naloxone.,ibuprofen,Central nervous system manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"Ibuprofen overdose is usually characterized by GI upset, dizziness, and mild sedation.",Ibuprofen,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"Ibuprofen overdose is usually characterized by GI upset, dizziness, and mild sedation.",Ibuprofen,GI upset,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Ibuprofen overdose is usually characterized by GI upset, dizziness, and mild sedation.",Ibuprofen,mild sedation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"Presently, treatment of acute ibuprofen intoxication with complications requires supportive therapy until the symptoms resolve over 24 to 48 hours.",ibuprofen,ibuprofen intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [52]}}"
We report the case of an 11-month-old female infant with a depressed level of consciousness after ingestion of ibuprofen whose mental status markedly improved with administration of naloxone.,ibuprofen,depressed level of consciousness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [91]}}"
Flecainide-associated pneumonitis with acute respiratory failure in a patient with the LEOPARD syndrome.,Flecainide,acute respiratory failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Flecainide-associated pneumonitis with acute respiratory failure in a patient with the LEOPARD syndrome.,Flecainide,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"Flecainide is a rare cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and few cases have been reported.",Flecainide,hypersensitivity pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"We describe a case of interstitial hypoxaemiant pneumonitis probably related to flecainide in a patient with the LEOPARD syndrome, a rare congenital disorder.",flecainide,interstitial hypoxaemiant pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with transient free protein S deficiency after L-asparaginase treatment: case report and review of the literature.,L-asparaginase,Sagittal sinus thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with transient free protein S deficiency after L-asparaginase treatment: case report and review of the literature.,L-asparaginase,transient free protein S deficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [77]}}"
We report the case of an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with repeated transient ischemic attacks followed by a seizure during consolidation treatment with L-asparaginase.,L-asparaginase,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [149]}}"
We report the case of an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with repeated transient ischemic attacks followed by a seizure during consolidation treatment with L-asparaginase.,L-asparaginase,transient ischemic attacks,"{'drug': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [127]}}"
We report on a young adolescent with benign intracranial hypertension which we attribute to the use of minocycline for acne.,minocycline,benign intracranial hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [69]}}"
We report 2 patients who developed polyarteritis nodosa following vaccination against hepatitis B.,vaccination against hepatitis B,polyarteritis nodosa,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"In this case, it was suspected that a combination of cigarette smoking, pulmonary fibrosis, and low-dose methotrexate therapy might have promoted the development of lung cancer.",methotrexate,lung cancer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}}"
This case report illustrates the use of continuous high-dose intracoronary nitroglycerin infusion through a 6 French coronary guiding catheter in the treatment of a patient with cocaine-induced refractory coronary vasospasm.,cocaine,refractory coronary vasospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [194], 'end_char': [223]}}"
"However, as illustrated by these and other cases reported to date, the onset of troglitazone-induced liver injury is insidious and temporally variable.",troglitazone,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}}"
It remains to be seen whether the hepatotoxicity associated with troglitazone is a drug-class effect or specific to troglitazone.,troglitazone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65, 116], 'end_char': [77, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [48]}}"
It remains to be seen whether the hepatotoxicity associated with troglitazone is a drug-class effect or specific to troglitazone.,troglitazone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65, 116], 'end_char': [77, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Other thiazolidinediones currently in clinical trials may be able to provide the therapeutic benefits of troglitazone without significant hepatotoxicity.,troglitazone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [152]}}"
The three reported cases demonstrate that troglitazone is an idiosyncratic hepatotoxin that can lead to irreversible liver injury.,troglitazone,irreversible liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [129]}}"
Troglitazone-induced fulminant hepatic failure.,Troglitazone,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease: two cases demonstrating resolution of apparently irreversible CT abnormalities.,Nitrofurantoin,lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.",nitrofurantoin,distortion of the lung parenchyma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [178]}}"
"We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.",nitrofurantoin,fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [213], 'end_char': [221]}}"
"We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.",nitrofurantoin,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.",nitrofurantoin,widespread reticular pattern,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [129]}}"
Fluoxetine-related death in a child with cytochrome P-450 2D6 genetic deficiency.,Fluoxetine,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The medical examiner's report indicated death caused by fluoxetine toxicity.,fluoxetine,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [45]}}"
The medical examiner's report indicated death caused by fluoxetine toxicity.,fluoxetine,fluoxetine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [75]}}"
This is the first report of a fluoxetine-related death in a child with a confirmed genetic polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene that results in impaired drug metabolism.,fluoxetine,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"A 50-year-old woman with a history of migraine without aura, predominantly occurring around her menstrual periods, developed a spinal cord lesion following the use of zolmitriptan.",zolmitriptan,spinal cord lesion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [145]}}"
Spinal cord infarction during use of zolmitriptan: a case report.,zolmitriptan,Spinal cord infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The temporal relationship suggests that the spinal cord infarction may be related to the use of zolmitriptan.,zolmitriptan,spinal cord infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [66]}}"
CASE SUMMARY: A 10-year-old white girl with bilateral optic glioma developed a hypersensitivity reaction to carboplatin after nine courses.,carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
This regimen could prove useful for other patients who develop hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin and allow therapy to continue.,carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Perinatal vasoconstrictive renal insufficiency associated with maternal nimesulide use.,nimesulide,renal insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [46]}}"
This is the first report of an adverse effect of fetal renal circulation by maternal ingestion of nimesulide.,nimesulide,adverse effect of fetal renal circulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Although the t-AML developed following oral etoposide therapy, the child had previously received high-dose, multiagent chemotherapy, and rearrangement of the MLL gene was not demonstrated.",etoposide,t-AML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Secondary leukemia in a child with neuroblastoma while on oral etoposide: what is the cause?,etoposide,Secondary leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"The authors present a case of t-AML that developed in a child with metastatic neuroblastoma 18 months after he received oral etoposide, given for palliation purpose.",etoposide,t-AML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Cyanamide, an aversive agent widely used in Japan, is known to induce various degrees of hepatic lesion with ground-glass inclusion bodies.",Cyanamide,hepatic lesion with ground-glass inclusion bodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [150]}}"
Case 2: A 43-year-old male alcoholic remained completely abstinent with cyanamide treatment for 5 years and complained of general fatigue.,cyanamide,general fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [137]}}"
Case 3: A 29-year-old female alcoholic complained of general fatigue and a slight fever after 1.5 years of abstinence with cyanamide treatment.,cyanamide,fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Case 3: A 29-year-old female alcoholic complained of general fatigue and a slight fever after 1.5 years of abstinence with cyanamide treatment.,cyanamide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Case 4: A 61-year-old male alcoholic who remained completely abstinent while taking cyanamide for 3 years showed slight elevation of serum transaminases.,cyanamide,elevation of serum transaminases,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"CONCLUSION: In some abstainers who take cyanamide for several years, thin septum-like liver fibrosis progresses along with the emergence of ground-glass hepatocytes.",cyanamide,ground-glass hepatocytes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"CONCLUSION: In some abstainers who take cyanamide for several years, thin septum-like liver fibrosis progresses along with the emergence of ground-glass hepatocytes.",cyanamide,septum-like liver fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [100]}}"
Cyanamide-induced liver dysfunction after abstinence in alcoholics: a long-term follow-up study on four cases.,Cyanamide,liver dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"When cyanamide-treated alcoholics relapse into drinking, more severe inflammation develops in the liver.",cyanamide,inflammation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [81]}}"
A patient with an allergy to a macrolide antibiotic was given tacrolimus and developed a sudden cutaneous reaction.,tacrolimus,sudden cutaneous reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [114]}}"
A 77-year-old woman with no history of epilepsy presented a probable nonconvulsive status epilepticus while receiving continuous intravenous morphine for back pain relating to vertebral metastasis of a malignant lymphoma.,morphine,nonconvulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [101]}}"
A generalized tonic-clonic seizure occurred a few minutes after injection of the morphine antagonist naloxone.,naloxone,generalized tonic-clonic seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [2], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus: the role of morphine and its antagonist.,morphine,Nonconvulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis induced by intraarterial vasopressin therapy.,vasopressin,bacterial peritonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"Although the literature on the use of risperidone in elderly patients with dementia consists largely of uncontrolled trials, case reports, and chart reviews, it appears that this agent is effective for managing agitation in this population and does so with a low frequency of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS).",risperidone,EPS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [301], 'end_char': [304]}}"
"Although the literature on the use of risperidone in elderly patients with dementia consists largely of uncontrolled trials, case reports, and chart reviews, it appears that this agent is effective for managing agitation in this population and does so with a low frequency of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS).",risperidone,extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [276], 'end_char': [299]}}"
"Three months following splenectomy, multiple abscesses occurred in the muscles of both thighs while the patient was receiving the third course of the CHOP regimen.",CHOP,multiple abscesses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"After seven months' continuous treatment for suspected tuberculosis with rifampicin and ethambutol a nine-year-old boy developed polyarthritis, rash and hepatitis in association with anti-native DNA antibodies and positive antinuclear factor.",ethambutol,anti-native DNA antibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"After seven months' continuous treatment for suspected tuberculosis with rifampicin and ethambutol a nine-year-old boy developed polyarthritis, rash and hepatitis in association with anti-native DNA antibodies and positive antinuclear factor.",ethambutol,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"After seven months' continuous treatment for suspected tuberculosis with rifampicin and ethambutol a nine-year-old boy developed polyarthritis, rash and hepatitis in association with anti-native DNA antibodies and positive antinuclear factor.",ethambutol,polyarthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"After seven months' continuous treatment for suspected tuberculosis with rifampicin and ethambutol a nine-year-old boy developed polyarthritis, rash and hepatitis in association with anti-native DNA antibodies and positive antinuclear factor.",ethambutol,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [148]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",ethambutol,anti-native DNA antibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",rifampicin,anti-native DNA antibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",ethambutol,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",rifampicin,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",ethambutol,Polyarthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with ethambutol and rifampicin.",rifampicin,Polyarthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
A case of normotensive scleroderma renal crisis after high-dose methylprednisolone treatment.,methylprednisolone,normotensive scleroderma renal crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [47]}}"
HUS has been reported after several anticancer chemotherapies and most often after mitomycin C-based chemotherapy regimens.,mitomycin C,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [3]}}"
Severe hemolytic uremic syndrome in an advanced ovarian cancer patient treated with carboplatin and gemcitabine.,carboplatin,Severe hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Severe hemolytic uremic syndrome in an advanced ovarian cancer patient treated with carboplatin and gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,Severe hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"We present a case of HUS in an advanced ovarian cancer patient treated with carboplatin and gemcitabine, and described its favorable outcome after chemotherapy interruption and supportive care with a 1 year follow-up.",carboplatin,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"We present a case of HUS in an advanced ovarian cancer patient treated with carboplatin and gemcitabine, and described its favorable outcome after chemotherapy interruption and supportive care with a 1 year follow-up.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"An evaluation of ovarian structure and function should be considered in women of reproductive age being treated with valproate for epilepsy, especially if they develop menstrual cycle disturbances during treatment.",valproate,menstrual cycle disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [196]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Reproductive endocrine disorders characterized by menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism seem to be common among women treated with sodium valproate for epilepsy.",sodium valproate,hyperandrogenism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Reproductive endocrine disorders characterized by menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism seem to be common among women treated with sodium valproate for epilepsy.",sodium valproate,menstrual disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Reproductive endocrine disorders characterized by menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism seem to be common among women treated with sodium valproate for epilepsy.",sodium valproate,polycystic ovaries,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Reproductive endocrine disorders characterized by menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism seem to be common among women treated with sodium valproate for epilepsy.",sodium valproate,Reproductive endocrine disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [44]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The 3 cases presented here illustrate the development of reproductive endocrine disorders after the initiation of valproate therapy in women with epilepsy.,valproate,reproductive endocrine disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [102]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of valproate-related reproductive endocrine disorders in women with epilepsy.,valproate,reproductive endocrine disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [92]}}"
PATIENTS: Three patients developed a reproductive endocrine disorder during treatment with valproate.,valproate,reproductive endocrine disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [68]}}"
RESULTS: Replacing valproate with lamotrigine resulted in a decrease in serum testosterone concentrations in all 3 women.,valproate,serum testosterone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"The polycystic changes disappeared from the ovaries in 2 of the women after valproate therapy was discontinued, and the 2 women who had gained weight and developed amenorrhea while being treated with valproate lost weight and resumed menstruating after the change in medication.",valproate,amenorrhea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76, 200], 'end_char': [85, 209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"The polycystic changes disappeared from the ovaries in 2 of the women after valproate therapy was discontinued, and the 2 women who had gained weight and developed amenorrhea while being treated with valproate lost weight and resumed menstruating after the change in medication.",valproate,gained weight,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76, 200], 'end_char': [85, 209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [149]}}"
"The polycystic changes disappeared from the ovaries in 2 of the women after valproate therapy was discontinued, and the 2 women who had gained weight and developed amenorrhea while being treated with valproate lost weight and resumed menstruating after the change in medication.",valproate,polycystic changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76, 200], 'end_char': [85, 209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"However, recurrent staphylococcus aureus sepsis developed during CyA therapy.",CyA,staphylococcus aureus sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Recurrent septicemia with lethal outcome during and after cyclosporine therapy in severe ulcerative colitis.,cyclosporine,lethal,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Recurrent septicemia with lethal outcome during and after cyclosporine therapy in severe ulcerative colitis.,cyclosporine,septicemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [20]}}"
A 60 year-old woman with chronic renal failure developed acute proximal muscle weakness after receiving a regular dosage of colchicine.,colchicine,proximal muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Colchicine-induced myopathy in renal failure.,Colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Muscle biopsy revealed variation in muscle fiber size and few vacuolated fibers which were features of colchicine-induced myopathy.,colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Muscle biopsy revealed variation in muscle fiber size and few vacuolated fibers which were features of colchicine-induced myopathy.,colchicine,vacuolated fibers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Muscle biopsy revealed variation in muscle fiber size and few vacuolated fibers which were features of colchicine-induced myopathy.,colchicine,variation in muscle fiber size,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [53]}}"
A third patient experienced disabling neurotoxicity in the extremity of a prior ulnar nerve and tendon transposition after receiving paclitaxel.,paclitaxel,disabling neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Phantom limb pain as a manifestation of paclitaxel neurotoxicity.,paclitaxel,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Phantom limb pain as a manifestation of paclitaxel neurotoxicity.,paclitaxel,Phantom limb pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Physicians should be aware that PLP can occur after initiation of paclitaxel.,paclitaxel,PLP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We describe 2 patients with prior amputation who experienced phantom limb pain (PLP) after receiving paclitaxel therapy.,paclitaxel,phantom limb pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [78]}}"
We describe 2 patients with prior amputation who experienced phantom limb pain (PLP) after receiving paclitaxel therapy.,paclitaxel,PLP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Skin manifestations of a case of phenylbutazone-induced serum sickness-like reactions.,phenylbutazone,serum sickness-like reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [85]}}"
Skin manifestations of a case of phenylbutazone-induced serum sickness-like reactions.,phenylbutazone,Skin manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Our experience supports hemodialysis for ESRF patients with atenolol toxicity.,atenolol,atenolol toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Allergic reaction to gemfibrozil manifesting as eosinophilic gastroenteritis.,gemfibrozil,eosinophilic gastroenteritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [76]}}"
We describe a case of EGE manifested as an allergy to gemfibrozil.,gemfibrozil,EGE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [25]}}"
This is the second report of lactic acidosis in a patient on stavudine and lamivudine.,lamivudine,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
This is the second report of lactic acidosis in a patient on stavudine and lamivudine.,stavudine,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We present an AIDS patient with severe and prolonged lactic acidosis on stavudine and lamivudine.,lamivudine,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [68]}}"
We present an AIDS patient with severe and prolonged lactic acidosis on stavudine and lamivudine.,stavudine,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"Ataxia caused by propafenone has been reported to the pharmaceutical companies and drug monitoring agencies, but has not been well described or emphasized in the medical literature.",propafenone,Ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
A wide variety of adverse central nervous system effects have been reported in association with propafenone; dizziness is the most common.,propafenone,adverse central nervous system effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [56]}}"
A wide variety of adverse central nervous system effects have been reported in association with propafenone; dizziness is the most common.,propafenone,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [118]}}"
Propafenone-induced ataxia: report of three cases.,Propafenone,ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We describe 3 elderly patients with moderate to severe ataxia that occurred while they were taking propafenone.,propafenone,ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"A 74-year-old man received oral administration of pilsicainide, a pure sodium channel blocker with slow recovery kinetics, to convert paroxysmal atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm and developed loss of consciousness two days later.",pilsicainide,loss of consciousness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [216]}}"
"When pilsicainide is prescribed in patients with coronary artery disease or renal dysfunction, close attention must be paid to avoid life-threatening arrhythmias due to high plasma concentrations of the drug.",pilsicainide,life-threatening arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [161]}}"
"The cases are important in documenting that drug-induced dystonias do occur in patients with dementia, that risperidone appears to have contributed to dystonia among elderly patients, and that the categorization of dystonic reactions needs further clarification.",risperidone,dystonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57, 151], 'end_char': [65, 159]}}"
Provocation of non-convulsive status epilepticus by tiagabine in three adolescent patients.,tiagabine,non-convulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [48]}}"
The events of non-convulsive status epilepticus subsided following reduction in tiagabine dosages.,tiagabine,non-convulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [47]}}"
This is the first report of non-convulsive status epilepticus provoked by tiagabine in adolescent patients.,tiagabine,non-convulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [61]}}"
There have been many reports of probable lithium-induced organic brain syndromes occurring when serum lithium levels are within or close to the therapeutic range.,lithium,organic brain syndromes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41, 102], 'end_char': [48, 109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"When the acute manic state is characterized by marked psychotic symptoms and intense anxiety, it may be associated with increased vulnerability to the development of severe lithium neurotoxicity.",lithium,intense anxiety,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"When the acute manic state is characterized by marked psychotic symptoms and intense anxiety, it may be associated with increased vulnerability to the development of severe lithium neurotoxicity.",lithium,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [194]}}"
"When the acute manic state is characterized by marked psychotic symptoms and intense anxiety, it may be associated with increased vulnerability to the development of severe lithium neurotoxicity.",lithium,psychotic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Protease inhibitor-induced carbamazepine toxicity.,carbamazepine,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,carbamazepine,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,ritonavir,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,saquinavir,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,carbamazepine,progressive ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,ritonavir,progressive ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Protease inhibitors (ritonavir and saquinavir) were added to the treatment and the patient developed progressive ataxia related to carbamazepine toxicity.,saquinavir,progressive ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"Ritonavir acted as a CYP3A4 inhibitor, diminishing carbamazepine metabolism and provoking an increase in serum levels and clinical toxicity.",Ritonavir,clinical toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"Ritonavir acted as a CYP3A4 inhibitor, diminishing carbamazepine metabolism and provoking an increase in serum levels and clinical toxicity.",Ritonavir,diminishing carbamazepine metabolism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"Ritonavir acted as a CYP3A4 inhibitor, diminishing carbamazepine metabolism and provoking an increase in serum levels and clinical toxicity.",Ritonavir,increase in serum levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [117]}}"
The patient was diagnosed with carbamazepine toxicity related to the introduction of ritonavir.,carbamazepine,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
The patient was diagnosed with carbamazepine toxicity related to the introduction of ritonavir.,ritonavir,carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Anaphylaxis to calcitonin.,calcitonin,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
CONCLUSION: We have introduced a case of anaphylaxis by calcitonin that suggest an IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction.,calcitonin,anaphylaxis ,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [53]}}"
The intramuscular challenge test with 25 UI of Miacalcic was positive with an immediate anaphylactic reaction.,Miacalcic,anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",calcitonin,conjunctivitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",Calsynar,conjunctivitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [231], 'end_char': [239]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",calcitonin,perspiration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [122]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",Calsynar,perspiration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [231], 'end_char': [239]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [122]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",calcitonin,rhinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"We introduce a case of a sixty years old woman with several previous episodes of rhinitis, conjunctivitis and perspiration immediately after the administration of salmon calcitonin with nasal spray or intramuscular administration (Calsynar).",Calsynar,rhinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [231], 'end_char': [239]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Minocycline as a cause of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis.,Minocycline,autoimmune hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Minocycline-induced autoimmune hepatitis is usually identical to sporadic autoimmune hepatitis.,Minocycline,autoimmune hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20, 74], 'end_char': [40, 94]}}"
We describe the clinical and liver biopsy morphologic features for 4 patients with minocycline-induced autoimmune hepatitis (group 1).,minocycline,autoimmune hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [123]}}"
L-asparaginase-provoked seizures as singular expression of central nervous toxicity.,L-asparaginase,central nervous toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
L-asparaginase-provoked seizures as singular expression of central nervous toxicity.,L-asparaginase,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Patients treated with L-asparaginase may present with hemorrhagic and thrombotic cerebrovascular events.,L-asparaginase,hemorrhagic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Patients treated with L-asparaginase may present with hemorrhagic and thrombotic cerebrovascular events.,L-asparaginase,thrombotic cerebrovascular events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [103]}}"
We report a case of seizure associated with L-asparaginase therapy but no evidence of hemorrhagic or thrombotic cerebrovascular events.,L-asparaginase,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"Eighty-two patients with various malignancies who received imipenem/cilastatin 143 times for neutropenic fever between March 1994 and October 1999 in Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gazi University, were identified.",cilastatin,neutropenic fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"Eighty-two patients with various malignancies who received imipenem/cilastatin 143 times for neutropenic fever between March 1994 and October 1999 in Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gazi University, were identified.",imipenem,neutropenic fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [110]}}"
Incidence of seizures in pediatric cancer patients treated with imipenem/cilastatin.,cilastatin,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Incidence of seizures in pediatric cancer patients treated with imipenem/cilastatin.,imipenem,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Proconvulsive tendency of imipenem/cilastatin is one of its well-known side effects.,cilastatin,Proconvulsive,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Proconvulsive tendency of imipenem/cilastatin is one of its well-known side effects.,imipenem,Proconvulsive,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",cilastatin,convulsions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63, 127], 'end_char': [73, 137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",imipenem,convulsions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 118], 'end_char': [62, 126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",cilastatin,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63, 127], 'end_char': [73, 137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100, 172], 'end_char': [107, 179]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",imipenem,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 118], 'end_char': [62, 126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100, 172], 'end_char': [107, 179]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",cilastatin,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63, 127], 'end_char': [73, 137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100, 172], 'end_char': [107, 179]}}"
"Three of these patients had convulsions attributed to imipenem/cilastatin; 3.6% of the patients had seizure, or 2% of imipenem/cilastatin administrations was followed by a seizure attack.",imipenem,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 118], 'end_char': [62, 126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100, 172], 'end_char': [107, 179]}}"
Gabapentin-induced mood changes with hypomanic features in adults.,Gabapentin,hypomanic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Gabapentin-induced mood changes with hypomanic features in adults.,Gabapentin,mood changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}}"
We report two adults who received gabapentin (GBP) and subsequently developed behavioural side effects.,gabapentin,behavioural side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [102]}}"
We report two adults who received gabapentin (GBP) and subsequently developed behavioural side effects.,GBP,behavioural side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Acute pancreatitis in a child with idiopathic ulcerative colitis on long-term 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy.,5-aminosalicylic acid,Acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
We describe a 10-year-old boy with ulcerative colitis who developed acute pancreatitis while on long-term treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid.,5-aminosalicylic acid,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}}"
CONCLUSION: Marked visual field constriction appears to be associated with vigabatrin therapy.,vigabatrin,visual field constriction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Electro-oculography, electroretinography, visual evoked potentials, and multifocal electroretinography in patients with vigabatrin-attributed visual field constriction.",vigabatrin,visual field constriction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [167]}}"
PURPOSE: Symptomatic visual field constriction thought to be associated with vigabatrin has been reported.,vigabatrin,visual field constriction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"The current study investigated the visual fields and visual electrophysiology of eight patients with known vigabatrin-attributed visual field loss, three of whom were reported previously.",vigabatrin,visual field loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [146]}}"
The field defects and some electrophysiological abnormalities persist when vigabatrin therapy is withdrawn.,vigabatrin,field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Depressive symptoms disappeared after interferon therapy was stopped.,interferon,Depressive symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) is relatively contraindicated in patients with psychiatric disorders because of possible severe psychiatric side effects.,IFN-alpha,psychiatric side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [187]}}"
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) is relatively contraindicated in patients with psychiatric disorders because of possible severe psychiatric side effects.,interferon alpha,psychiatric side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"While for ribavirin antidepressant effects are not known, we suppose that antidepressants may prevent changes in serotonergic or noradrenergic neurotransmission caused by IFN-alpha.",IFN-alpha,changes in serotonergic or noradrenergic neurotransmission,"{'drug': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [160]}}"
Intensive high-flux hemodiafiltration is often used in the management of vancomycin toxicity.,vancomycin,vancomycin toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [92]}}"
Management of hypophosphatemia induced by high-flux hemodiafiltration for the treatment of vancomycin toxicity: intravenous phosphorus therapy versus use of a phosphorus-enriched dialysate.,vancomycin,vancomycin toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [110]}}"
We describe 2 children with cerebral palsy who suffered significant morbidity immediately after treatment with hyperbaric oxygen.,hyperbaric oxygen,morbidity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [77]}}"
A 33-year-old male presented with brown discolouration of the fingernails following the application of 4% hydroquinone in sorbolene cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream to the face intermittently for 9 months.,0.1% tretinoin cream,brown discolouration of the fingernails,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [73]}}"
A 33-year-old male presented with brown discolouration of the fingernails following the application of 4% hydroquinone in sorbolene cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream to the face intermittently for 9 months.,4% hydroquinone in sorbolene cream,brown discolouration of the fingernails,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Nail staining from hydroquinone cream.,hydroquinone,Nail staining,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Gangrene of the fingertips after bleomycin and methotrexate.,bleomycin,Gangrene,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
Gangrene of the fingertips after bleomycin and methotrexate.,methotrexate,Gangrene,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
This supports the well-reported potential of bleomycin to trigger acral vascular toxicity.,bleomycin,acral vascular toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [89]}}"
We describe a 57-year-old man with acral erythrocyanosis progressing to acute digital ischemia and gangrene that developed after combined chemotherapy (bleomycin and methotrexate) used to treat a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.,bleomycin,acute digital ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [94]}}"
We describe a 57-year-old man with acral erythrocyanosis progressing to acute digital ischemia and gangrene that developed after combined chemotherapy (bleomycin and methotrexate) used to treat a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.,methotrexate,acute digital ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [94]}}"
We describe a 57-year-old man with acral erythrocyanosis progressing to acute digital ischemia and gangrene that developed after combined chemotherapy (bleomycin and methotrexate) used to treat a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.,bleomycin,gangrene,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [107]}}"
We describe a 57-year-old man with acral erythrocyanosis progressing to acute digital ischemia and gangrene that developed after combined chemotherapy (bleomycin and methotrexate) used to treat a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.,methotrexate,gangrene,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [107]}}"
Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation in a patient taking warfarin: therapeutic role of cholestyramine.,warfarin,Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [40]}}"
We present a case of significant over-anticoagulation temporally associated with a bout of protracted diarrhea in a patient on warfarin therapy.,warfarin,diarrhea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [110]}}"
We present a case of significant over-anticoagulation temporally associated with a bout of protracted diarrhea in a patient on warfarin therapy.,warfarin,over-anticoagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"MI related to the use of activated and non-activated PCCs predominantly affects young patients who often have no preceding history of, or risk factors for, MI and tends to be associated with large cumulative doses of concentrate.",PCCs,MI,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0, 156], 'end_char': [2, 158]}}"
Recombinant VIIa concentrate in the management of bleeding following prothrombin complex concentrate-related myocardial infarction in patients with haemophilia and inhibitors.,prothrombin complex concentrate,myocardial infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [130]}}"
We have safely used recombinant factor VIIa to treat bleeding in the immediate and long-term period following PCC-related MI.,PCC,MI,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"Even after a strict warning, he took another quinine tablet that evening, which triggered his fifth episode of severe thrombocytopenia, and confirmed the etiology of quinine-induced thrombocytopenia.",quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 166], 'end_char': [52, 173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118, 182], 'end_char': [134, 198]}}"
"Even after a strict warning, he took another quinine tablet that evening, which triggered his fifth episode of severe thrombocytopenia, and confirmed the etiology of quinine-induced thrombocytopenia.",quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 166], 'end_char': [52, 173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118, 182], 'end_char': [134, 198]}}"
"Even after a strict warning, he took another quinine tablet that evening, which triggered his fifth episode of severe thrombocytopenia, and confirmed the etiology of quinine-induced thrombocytopenia.",quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 166], 'end_char': [52, 173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118, 182], 'end_char': [134, 198]}}"
Occult quinine-induced thrombocytopenia.,quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Only after three subsequent episodes of severe, symptomatic thrombocytopenia over the next four weeks did he say, upon repeat questioning, that he had continued to take quinine for night leg cramps.",quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [76]}}"
An 8-year-old child with familial Mediterranean fever exhibited signs of colchicine intoxication while receiving prophylactic doses of the drug.,colchicine,colchicine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time colchicine intoxication in this age group has been described in the English literature.",colchicine,colchicine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Near fatal acute colchicine intoxication in a child.,colchicine,colchicine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Near fatal acute colchicine intoxication in a child.,colchicine,Near fatal,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Acute myeloid leukemia and lung cancer occurring in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient treated with fludarabine and autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.,fludarabine,Acute myeloid leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Acute myeloid leukemia and lung cancer occurring in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient treated with fludarabine and autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.,fludarabine,lung cancer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}}"
We describe the exceptional development of AML and lung cancer in a patient with previously diagnosed CLL in minimal residual disease status after fludarabine treatment followed by autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.,fludarabine,AML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [46]}}"
We describe the exceptional development of AML and lung cancer in a patient with previously diagnosed CLL in minimal residual disease status after fludarabine treatment followed by autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.,fludarabine,lung cancer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}}"
"In 2 of the 3 cases the patients were also taking lithium carbonate and beta-blockers, both of which could have contributed to the incontinence.",lithium carbonate,incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [143]}}"
"In the present paper the authors describe 2 female patients who developed incontinence secondary to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors paroxetine and sertraline, as well as a third who developed this side effect on venlafaxine.",paroxetine,incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"In the present paper the authors describe 2 female patients who developed incontinence secondary to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors paroxetine and sertraline, as well as a third who developed this side effect on venlafaxine.",sertraline,incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"In the present paper the authors describe 2 female patients who developed incontinence secondary to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors paroxetine and sertraline, as well as a third who developed this side effect on venlafaxine.",venlafaxine,incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [224], 'end_char': [235]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}}"
This concerns 2 male patients who experienced incontinence while taking venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Case studies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"Major points illustrated are, (1) occurrence of HIT with any dose or form of heparin; (2) misperceptions on the diagnostic criteria; (3) correct (thrombin inhibitors) and incorrect (platelet transfusions and warfarin) management; (4) influence of management strategy on clinical outcomes; (5) severity of the syndrome; and (6) potential for both anamnestic response to heparin and disappearance of HIT antibodies over time.",heparin,HIT,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77, 369], 'end_char': [84, 376]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48, 398], 'end_char': [51, 401]}}"
Type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immunological disorder characterized by antibodies to heparin-platelet factor 4 complexes and a high risk of thrombotic complications.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8, 107], 'end_char': [15, 114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"After several unrevealing medical work-ups, he was found to have a high blood lead level (122 microg/dL); he has a history of scraping and sanding lead paint without adequate protective measures.",lead,high blood lead level,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78, 147], 'end_char': [82, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"It also highlights a current major etiologic question, that is, whether and to what degree lead exposure contributes to the development of hypertension, and raises the issue of whether lead-induced hypertension constitutes a subset of hypertension that is especially amenable to therapy with dietary calcium.",lead,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91, 185], 'end_char': [95, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139, 198, 235], 'end_char': [151, 210, 247]}}"
"It also highlights a current major etiologic question, that is, whether and to what degree lead exposure contributes to the development of hypertension, and raises the issue of whether lead-induced hypertension constitutes a subset of hypertension that is especially amenable to therapy with dietary calcium.",lead,lead-induced hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91, 185], 'end_char': [95, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [210]}}"
Poorly controlled hypertension in a painter with chronic lead toxicity.,lead,lead toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"This case demonstrates an occupational activity (construction) that has now become the dominant source of lead exposure for U.S. adults, the importance of a good occupational history to suspecting and making a diagnosis, the possible outcomes of chronic lead toxicity, and the importance of preventing further exposure and using proper methods to treat acute toxicity.",lead,lead toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106, 254], 'end_char': [110, 258]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [254], 'end_char': [267]}}"
"Severe rash, including the Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), is the major toxicity of nevirapine and is described in the package labeling with a prominent, boxed warning.",nevirapine,Severe rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
"Severe rash, including the Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), is the major toxicity of nevirapine and is described in the package labeling with a prominent, boxed warning.",nevirapine,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Severe rash, including the Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), is the major toxicity of nevirapine and is described in the package labeling with a prominent, boxed warning.",nevirapine,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Stevens-Johnson syndrome caused by the antiretroviral drug nevirapine.,nevirapine,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Though physicians treating large populations of patients with HIV are well aware of this complication, only one other report of nevirapine-associated SJS has been documented in the dermatology literature.",nevirapine,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [153]}}"
We describe 2 cases of SJS related to nevirapine use and review the literature on this newly recognized association.,nevirapine,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Oral intake and acarbose were withheld and the ileus spontaneously resolved after 2 days.,acarbose,ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"There is evidence that the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan, increases urate excretion by reducing reabsorption of urate in the renal proximal tubule.",losartan,increases urate excretion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Atrial fibrillation occurring in a patient taking etanercept plus methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.,etanercept,Atrial fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Atrial fibrillation occurring in a patient taking etanercept plus methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.,methotrexate,Atrial fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
A review of the literature revealed two other cases of hepatic angiosarcoma in patients after long-term cyclophosphamide treatment.,cyclophosphamide,hepatic angiosarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Hepatic angiosarcoma occurring after cyclophosphamide therapy: case report and review of the literature.,cyclophosphamide,Hepatic angiosarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
We propose that cyclophosphamide be added to the list of exposures potentially associated with hepatic angiosarcoma.,cyclophosphamide,hepatic angiosarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [115]}}"
"ARA-C is frequently associated with dermatologic toxicity, but this is only the second case of toxic epidermal necrolysis described in connection with this drug.",ARA-C,dermatologic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"ARA-C is frequently associated with dermatologic toxicity, but this is only the second case of toxic epidermal necrolysis described in connection with this drug.",ARA-C,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"On the fifth day after administration of a high dose of ARA-C (2 g/m2 intravenously every 12 hours), she developed bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis, sepsis, and death on the 22nd day.",ARA-C,"bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis","{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [193]}}"
"On the fifth day after administration of a high dose of ARA-C (2 g/m2 intravenously every 12 hours), she developed bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis, sepsis, and death on the 22nd day.",ARA-C,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [207], 'end_char': [212]}}"
"On the fifth day after administration of a high dose of ARA-C (2 g/m2 intravenously every 12 hours), she developed bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis, sepsis, and death on the 22nd day.",ARA-C,sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [201]}}"
Toxic epidermal necrolysis after the use of high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,Toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We report a fatal case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) resulting from a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C).,ARA-C,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}}"
We report a fatal case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) resulting from a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C).,cytosine arabinoside,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}}"
We report a fatal case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) resulting from a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C).,ARA-C,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [52]}}"
We report a fatal case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) resulting from a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C).,cytosine arabinoside,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Quetiapine and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS): case report and review of atypical antipsychotic-induced OCS.,Quetiapine,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Quetiapine and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS): case report and review of atypical antipsychotic-induced OCS.,Quetiapine,OCS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46, 109], 'end_char': [49, 112]}}"
Quetiapine and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS): case report and review of atypical antipsychotic-induced OCS.,Quetiapine,OCS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46, 109], 'end_char': [49, 112]}}"
"The first known report of quetiapine exacerbating OCS in a 43-year-old man with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), trichotillomania, delusional disorder and bipolar II disorder is presented.",quetiapine,exacerbating OCS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [53]}}"
He was diagnosed with possible serotonin syndrome; his symptoms resolved after clomipramine was stopped but before clozapine was restarted eight days later.,clomipramine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report on the possible development of serotonin syndrome in a patient receiving clomipramine after clozapine was withdrawn from the treatment regimen.,clomipramine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [70]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report on the possible development of serotonin syndrome in a patient receiving clomipramine after clozapine was withdrawn from the treatment regimen.,clozapine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Possible serotonin syndrome associated with clomipramine after withdrawal of clozapine.,clomipramine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Possible serotonin syndrome associated with clomipramine after withdrawal of clozapine.,clozapine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,agitated,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [183]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,agitated,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [183]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,behaving oddly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,behaving oddly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,confused,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [197]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,confused,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [197]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,shivering,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [151]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,shivering,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [151]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,sweating profusely,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [140]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,sweating profusely,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [140]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clomipramine,tremulous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [173]}}"
"The day after clozapine was stopped, while he was still receiving clomipramine 150 mg/d, he began behaving oddly, started sweating profusely, shivering, and became tremulous, agitated, and confused.",clozapine,tremulous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [173]}}"
Quinine induced coagulopathy--a near fatal experience.,Quinine,coagulopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"The cause of his bleeding was a severe thrombocytopoaenia, induced by chronic ingestion of quinine.",quinine,severe thrombocytopoaenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Dose-dependent olanzapine-associated leukopenia: three case reports.,olanzapine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"These cases suggest the possibility that, in some patients, leukopenia or agranulocytosis during olanzapine treatment might be dose-related.",olanzapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"These cases suggest the possibility that, in some patients, leukopenia or agranulocytosis during olanzapine treatment might be dose-related.",olanzapine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}}"
We report three cases of patients who developed leukopenia during olanzapine treatment.,olanzapine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}}"
CONCLUSION: This case illustrates a potential link between dermatologic and ocular 5-FU toxicities.,5-FU,dermatologic and ocular 5-FU toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Differential diagnoses included ocular rosacea with cicatrizing conjunctivitis and 5-FU-induced ectropion.,5-FU,ectropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Patients with 5-FU-induced ectropion experience tender, red, scaled lids, making contact lens wear difficult.",5-FU,ectropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Patients with 5-FU-induced ectropion experience tender, red, scaled lids, making contact lens wear difficult.",5-FU,"tender, red, scaled lids","{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Ectropion secondary to bolus injection of 5-fluorouracil.,5-fluorouracil,Ectropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"Exacerbation of 5-FU dermatologic toxicities in patients with preexisting conditions suggests the importance of aggressive ocular prophylaxis, using frequent ocular lubrication and topical steroid preparations with concurrent medical management of pre-existing dermatologic conditions.",5-FU,dermatologic toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Presented is a case of acute renal failure induced by acetazolamide therapy for glaucoma.,acetazolamide,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Renal failure associated with acetazolamide therapy for glaucoma.,acetazolamide,Renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
This sulfonamide like nephropathy should be differentiated from acetazolamide-related calcium phosphate nephrolithiasis.,acetazolamide,calcium phosphate nephrolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Ischaemic colitis in a patient taking meloxicam.,meloxicam,Ischaemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Symptoms and endoscopic lesions quickly regressed within 1 week of meloxicam withdrawal.,meloxicam,endoscopic lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [31]}}"
We describe a patient who presented with bloody diarrhoea after 15 mg meloxicam daily for 10 days for osteoarthritis.,meloxicam,bloody diarrhoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"We suggest that meloxicam might have intestinal toxic effects when taken in high doses, because of reduced COX-2 selectivity.",meloxicam,intestinal toxic effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"As these cases revealed, close monitoring of blood chemistry is mandatory after starting spironolactone, and patients should be advised to stop spironolactone immediately if diarrhoea develops.",spironolactone,diarrhoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89, 144], 'end_char': [103, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [183]}}"
"In patients with chronic heart failure, spironolactone added to conventional treatment may lead to serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia.",spironolactone,"serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia","{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [145]}}"
In some cases this seems to happen because spironolactone causes diarrhoea.,spironolactone,diarrhoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Serious adverse events experienced by patients with chronic heart failure taking spironolactone.,spironolactone,Serious adverse events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
We report a patient with advanced colonic carcinoma who was treated with concomitant chemoirradiation with oxaliplatin and developed a peculiar dermnatitis in the irradiated field after being exposed to subsequent chemotherapy with oxaliplatin.,oxaliplatin,dermnatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107, 232], 'end_char': [118, 243]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [155]}}"
An 11-year-old boy developed a severe enteropathy 2 years after initiation of clofazimine treatment for graft-versus-host disease.,clofazimine,severe enteropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Clofazimine enteropathy caused by crystal deposition can be life-threatening.,Clofazimine,enteropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Clofazimine enteropathy caused by crystal deposition can be life-threatening.,Clofazimine,life-threatening,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Clofazimine enteropathy in a pediatric bone marrow transplant recipient.,Clofazimine,enteropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}}"
She developed a severe urticarial rash 3 weeks following initiation of therapy with Enoxaparin.,Enoxaparin,severe urticarial rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"We cared for a patient with progressive renal impairment who presented with blurred vision, QRS broadening and cardiac failure due to chronic cibenzoline intoxication.",cibenzoline,blurred vision,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"We cared for a patient with progressive renal impairment who presented with blurred vision, QRS broadening and cardiac failure due to chronic cibenzoline intoxication.",cibenzoline,cardiac failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"We cared for a patient with progressive renal impairment who presented with blurred vision, QRS broadening and cardiac failure due to chronic cibenzoline intoxication.",cibenzoline,cibenzoline intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"We cared for a patient with progressive renal impairment who presented with blurred vision, QRS broadening and cardiac failure due to chronic cibenzoline intoxication.",cibenzoline,QRS broadening,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Indolent aspergillus arthritis complicating fludarabine-based non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation.,fludarabine,aspergillus arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We describe two patients with aspergillus arthritis of the knee joint following fludarabine-based non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation.,fludarabine,aspergillus arthritis of the knee joint,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [69]}}"
CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that fluvoxamine can cause increased libido in some patients.,fluvoxamine,increased libido,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Increased libido in a woman treated with fluvoxamine: a case report.,fluvoxamine,Increased libido,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe a case of increased libido during fluvoxamine therapy.,fluvoxamine,increased libido,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"RESULTS: The patient, a 27-year-old married Japanese woman with borderline personality disorder, developed an increased libido with the administration of fluvoxamine.",fluvoxamine,increased libido,"{'drug': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [165]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [126]}}"
The increased libido disappeared after fluvoxamine was discontinued.,fluvoxamine,increased libido,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [20]}}"
An infant who developed pancreatitis during meglumine antimoniate treatment for visceral leishmaniasis and who was successfully treated with a combination of allopurinol and ketoconazole is reported.,meglumine antimoniate,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with allopurinol plus ketoconazole in an infant who developed pancreatitis caused by meglumine antimoniate.,meglumine antimoniate,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [121]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: This case report showed that the clinical appearance of Hashimoto's disease after IFN-alpha therapy for chronic C hepatitis in our patient was associated with a specific genetic predisposition (DR5) for this pathology.,IFN-alpha,Hashimoto's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"Further studies are necessary to evaluate whether the study of HLA antigens may be a very useful tool to detect the patients with a predisposition to develop autoimmune thyroiditis, in order to make a early diagnosis of thyroid disorders during the IFN-alpha treatment.",IFN-alpha,autoimmune thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [249], 'end_char': [258]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Further studies are necessary to evaluate whether the study of HLA antigens may be a very useful tool to detect the patients with a predisposition to develop autoimmune thyroiditis, in order to make a early diagnosis of thyroid disorders during the IFN-alpha treatment.",IFN-alpha,thyroid disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [249], 'end_char': [258]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [220], 'end_char': [237]}}"
Hashimoto's disease during interferon-alpha therapy in a patient with pre-treatment negative anti-thyroid autoantibodies and with the specific genetic susceptibility to the thyroid disease.,interferon-alpha,Hashimoto's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
OBJECTIVES: The authors described a case of Hashimoto's disease during interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment for chronic viral C hepatitis in a patient with the specific genetic susceptibility associated with the thyroid disease.,IFN-alpha,Hashimoto's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [63]}}"
OBJECTIVES: The authors described a case of Hashimoto's disease during interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment for chronic viral C hepatitis in a patient with the specific genetic susceptibility associated with the thyroid disease.,interferon-alpha,Hashimoto's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"During dose-finding studies for intravenous proton pump inhibitors omeprazole and pantoprazole, three of six young female volunteers receiving omeprazole and two young female volunteers receiving pantoprazole developed peripheral edema within 8 hr when high doses of the proton pump inhibitors were applied by continuous infusion together with large volumes of fluid.",omeprazole,peripheral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67, 143], 'end_char': [77, 153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [219], 'end_char': [235]}}"
"During dose-finding studies for intravenous proton pump inhibitors omeprazole and pantoprazole, three of six young female volunteers receiving omeprazole and two young female volunteers receiving pantoprazole developed peripheral edema within 8 hr when high doses of the proton pump inhibitors were applied by continuous infusion together with large volumes of fluid.",pantoprazole,peripheral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82, 196], 'end_char': [94, 208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [219], 'end_char': [235]}}"
"Pheripheral edema was observed in five female patients after taking proton pump inhibitors omeprazole, lansoprazole, or pantoprazole for 7-15 days for peptic acid diseases in recommended standard doses.",lansoprazole,Pheripheral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"Pheripheral edema was observed in five female patients after taking proton pump inhibitors omeprazole, lansoprazole, or pantoprazole for 7-15 days for peptic acid diseases in recommended standard doses.",omeprazole,Pheripheral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"Pheripheral edema was observed in five female patients after taking proton pump inhibitors omeprazole, lansoprazole, or pantoprazole for 7-15 days for peptic acid diseases in recommended standard doses.",pantoprazole,Pheripheral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"Motor fluctuations appear after 2-3 years of levodopa treatment, and affect at least 50% of patients after five years.",levodopa,Motor fluctuations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
CONCLUSION: Significant weight loss is a potential adverse event in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.,leflunomide,weight loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Leflunomide-associated weight loss in rheumatoid arthritis.,Leflunomide,weight loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [34]}}"
METHODS: We queried 35 rheumatologists at the Robert Breck Brigham Arthritis Center to determine if weight loss had occurred as an adverse event in patients treated with leflunomide between November 1998 and January 2000.,leflunomide,weight loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [111]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of weight loss in patients treated with leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis at an arthritis referral center.,leflunomide,weight loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [52]}}"
RESULTS: Five of 70 patients who had begun leflunomide therapy had significant weight loss that could not be linked to other identifiable etiologies.,leflunomide,weight loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [90]}}"
It is increasingly recognized that dose adjustment of oral valacyclovir in renal failure is necessary to avoid neurotoxicity.,valacyclovir,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Neurotoxicity of valacyclovir in peritoneal dialysis: a pharmacokinetic study.,valacyclovir,Neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
She developed neurotoxicity with an adjustment dosage of valacyclovir for a cutaneous zoster infection.,valacyclovir,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in patients with prostate cancer treated with cyproterone acetate and radiotherapy.,cyproterone acetate,Avascular necrosis of the femoral head,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"We report the case histories of two patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate, both of whom had been treated with steroidal anti-androgen therapy in the form of cyproterone acetate prior to radical or palliative pelvic irradiation, and who subsequently developed femoral head avascular necrosis.",cyproterone acetate,femoral head avascular necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [291], 'end_char': [322]}}"
Levofloxacin induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with normal QT interval.,Levofloxacin,polymorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [56]}}"
We report the first case of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with normal QT interval associated with the oral use of levofloxacin in the absence of other etiologies known to cause these arrhythmias.,levofloxacin,polymorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"So far, few cases of pulmonary side effects caused by ticlopidine have been reported.",ticlopidine,pulmonary side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Special care should be taken when pulmonary symptoms appear in association with ticlopidine treatment.,ticlopidine,pulmonary symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Ticlopidine-induced interstitial pulmonary disease: a case report.,Ticlopidine,interstitial pulmonary disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [50]}}"
We report a case of interstitial pulmonary disease that occurred together with lymphocytic colitis during treatment with ticlopidine.,ticlopidine,interstitial pulmonary disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [50]}}"
We report a case of interstitial pulmonary disease that occurred together with lymphocytic colitis during treatment with ticlopidine.,ticlopidine,lymphocytic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [98]}}"
A patient that received methadone for cancer-associated pain developed myoclonus as a side effect.,methadone,myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}}"
Methadone-induced myoclonus in advanced cancer.,Methadone,myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [27]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of fatal hyperkalemia owing to succinylcholine administration in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy.,succinylcholine,fatal hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy.,Succinylcholine,hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"We believe that mucositis was a contributing factor to this case of fatal hyperkalemia after administration of succinylcholine, with a mechanism similar to that reported with thermal injury.",succinylcholine,fatal hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Cutaneous seeding after ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.,ethanol injection,Cutaneous seeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
We describe a case of needle-track cutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sonographically guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI).,ethanol injection,cutaneous seeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Adenosine-induced ventricular fibrillation.,Adenosine,ventricular fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"However, adenosine shortens the antegrade refractoriness of accessory atrioventricular connections and may cause acceleration of the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation.",adenosine,acceleration of the ventricular rate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [149]}}"
We observed ventricular fibrillation in 2 patients who presented to the emergency department with pre-excited atrial fibrillation and were given 12 mg of adenosine.,adenosine,ventricular fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [163]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"After the dose of methylprednisolone was reduced from 40 mg to 20 mg i.v. q6h and shifted to other anti-asthma treatment by procaterol metered dose inhaler via spacer, the psychotic reaction disappeared a few hours later.",methylprednisolone,psychotic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"Continuous EEG monitoring is helpful in managing seizures that occur as a complication of CBZ OD, after the course of recovery or worsening, and in providing assistance with prognosis.",CBZ,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"Massive CBZ OD may produce a reversible encephalopathy that includes cortical hyperexcitability, a profound burst-suppression EEG pattern, and cranial nerve areflexia.",CBZ,cortical hyperexcitability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"Massive CBZ OD may produce a reversible encephalopathy that includes cortical hyperexcitability, a profound burst-suppression EEG pattern, and cranial nerve areflexia.",CBZ,cranial nerve areflexia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"Massive CBZ OD may produce a reversible encephalopathy that includes cortical hyperexcitability, a profound burst-suppression EEG pattern, and cranial nerve areflexia.",CBZ,profound burst-suppression EEG pattern,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"Massive CBZ OD may produce a reversible encephalopathy that includes cortical hyperexcitability, a profound burst-suppression EEG pattern, and cranial nerve areflexia.",CBZ,reversible encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [54]}}"
Massive plasmocytosis due to methimazole-induced bone marrow toxicity.,methimazole,bone marrow toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Massive plasmocytosis due to methimazole-induced bone marrow toxicity.,methimazole,Massive plasmocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"To our knowledge this is the first report of pancytopenia due to MMI, where the usual hypoplasia found is replaced by massive plasmocytosis.",MMI,massive plasmocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"To our knowledge this is the first report of pancytopenia due to MMI, where the usual hypoplasia found is replaced by massive plasmocytosis.",MMI,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"We report a case of fulminant hepatic failure associated with didanosine and masquerading as a surgical abdomen and compare the clinical, biologic, histologic, and ultrastructural findings with reports described previously.",didanosine,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [45]}}"
This report details a case of bilateral avascular necrosis of the femoral heads in a patient receiving 'standard' doses of dexamethasone as part of the antiemetic regimen used in cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy.,dexamethasone,bilateral avascular necrosis of the femoral heads,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Although no coagulation study was done and the Meckel's diverticulum is normally associated with bleeding, the particular intensity of the following hemorrhage may have been favored by metformin.",metformin,hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [194]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [159]}}"
"An obese patient, not diabetic, treated with metformin for some weeks, was referred to us with severe inferior digestive hemorrhage, diagnosed with Meckel's diverticulum.",metformin,severe inferior digestive hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [131]}}"
Digestive hemorrhage caused by a Meckel's diverticulum in a metformin-treated patient: is there any connection?,metformin,Digestive hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Ulcer became worse after tobramycin and gentamycin treatment for 2 days.,gentamycin,Ulcer became worse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Ulcer became worse after tobramycin and gentamycin treatment for 2 days.,tobramycin,Ulcer became worse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Possible linkage of amprenavir with intracranial bleeding in an HIV-infected hemophiliac.,amprenavir,intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [57]}}"
The bleeding resolved on discontinuation of APV.,APV,bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [12]}}"
We report the occurrence of spontaneous intracranial bleeding in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescent with hemophilia A who was receiving amprenavir (APV).,amprenavir,intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"According to the Naranjo probability scale, the relationship of gemcitabine treatment with cutaneous eruption in our patient is possible.",gemcitabine,cutaneous eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [109]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We report the first case of gemcitabine-induced LABD.,gemcitabine,LABD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis induced by gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of linear immunoglobulin (Ig) A bullous dermatosis (LABD) induced by gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,LABD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [84]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of linear immunoglobulin (Ig) A bullous dermatosis (LABD) induced by gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,linear immunoglobulin (Ig) A bullous dermatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Twenty-four hours after the administration of gemcitabine, a symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption appeared on his trunk and upper limbs.",gemcitabine,"symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption","{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Vancomycin is the most frequently implicated drug, but other agents have been reported to cause LABD.",Vancomycin,LABD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"Although taxol has shown significant activity in advanced ovarian cancer, peripheral neuropathy is likely to become the major dose-limiting toxicity.",taxol,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [95]}}"
A rare case of advanced ovarian carcinoma who developed difficulty walking 25 days after treatment with weekly paclitaxel.,paclitaxel,difficulty walking,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [74]}}"
We describe a case of advanced ovarian carcinoma who developed difficulty walking because of marked pain in the lower extremities and loss of proprioception 25 days after treatment with weekly taxol (80 mg/m(2)x3).,taxol,difficulty walking,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [81]}}"
We describe a case of advanced ovarian carcinoma who developed difficulty walking because of marked pain in the lower extremities and loss of proprioception 25 days after treatment with weekly taxol (80 mg/m(2)x3).,taxol,loss of proprioception,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [156]}}"
We describe a case of advanced ovarian carcinoma who developed difficulty walking because of marked pain in the lower extremities and loss of proprioception 25 days after treatment with weekly taxol (80 mg/m(2)x3).,taxol,marked pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [104]}}"
Relief by naloxone of morphine-induced spasm of the sphincter of Oddi in a post-cholecystectomy patient.,morphine,spasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"We present the case of a patient who had undergone cholecystectomy previously, but in whom morphine given in the Emergency Department precipitated pain consistent with biliary colic; the pain resolved promptly after administration of naloxone.",morphine,biliary colic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [181]}}"
"We present the case of a patient who had undergone cholecystectomy previously, but in whom morphine given in the Emergency Department precipitated pain consistent with biliary colic; the pain resolved promptly after administration of naloxone.",morphine,pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [147, 187], 'end_char': [151, 191]}}"
Myasthenia gravis during low-dose IFN-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C.,IFN-alpha,Myasthenia gravis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis developed an acute intrahepatic cholestasis after 100 mg of sodium aurothiomalate.,sodium aurothiomalate,intrahepatic cholestasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Acute lung injury associated with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatinum combined chemotherapy.,5-fluorouracil,Acute lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Acute lung injury associated with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatinum combined chemotherapy.,oxaliplatinum,Acute lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",5-fluorouracil,bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",oxaliplatinum,bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",5-fluorouracil,Diarrhoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",oxaliplatinum,Diarrhoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",5-fluorouracil,T-CD4+ lymphopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Diarrhoea, T-CD4+ lymphopenia and bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates developed in a male 60 yrs of age, who was treated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable rectum carcinoma.",oxaliplatinum,T-CD4+ lymphopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"It is concluded that the aforementioned pathological manifestations were due to chemotherapy and included a pulmonary adverse reaction, a feature never previously associated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil regimens.",5-fluorouracil,pulmonary adverse reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"It is concluded that the aforementioned pathological manifestations were due to chemotherapy and included a pulmonary adverse reaction, a feature never previously associated with oxaliplatinum and 5-fluorouracil regimens.",oxaliplatinum,pulmonary adverse reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [192]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Accutane a teratogenic prescription drug licensed to treat severe, recalcitrant nodular acne.",Accutane,teratogenic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"RESULTS: The estimated number of Accutane prescriptions for reproductive-aged women has more than doubled in the past 10 years; it is the most widely used teratogenic drug in the United States, with approximately 2.5 per 1,000 reproductive-aged women exposed to Accutane in 1999.",Accutane,teratogenic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33, 262], 'end_char': [41, 270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [166]}}"
A 62-year-old woman treated with pranlukast for 2 months developed interstitial pneumonitis with a high fever.,pranlukast,high fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [109]}}"
A 62-year-old woman treated with pranlukast for 2 months developed interstitial pneumonitis with a high fever.,pranlukast,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"Acute interstitial pneumonia induced by ONO-1078 (pranlukast), a leukotriene receptor antagonist.",ONO-1078,interstitial pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Acute interstitial pneumonia induced by ONO-1078 (pranlukast), a leukotriene receptor antagonist.",pranlukast,interstitial pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [28]}}"
An asymptomatic HIV-infected woman experienced right-sided renal colicky pain during treatment with indinavir.,indinavir,renal colicky pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Indinavir-associated nephrolithiasis and chronic interstitial nephritis were the only possible causes identified in this patient.,Indinavir,interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Indinavir-associated nephrolithiasis and chronic interstitial nephritis were the only possible causes identified in this patient.,Indinavir,nephrolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Papillary necrosis associated with the HIV protease inhibitor indinavir.,indinavir,Papillary necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Physicians should be aware that indinavir nephrolithiasis may cause papillary necrosis.,indinavir,nephrolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Physicians should be aware that indinavir nephrolithiasis may cause papillary necrosis.,indinavir,papillary necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}}"
The HIV protease inhibitor indinavir may cause nephrolithiasis and interstitial nephritis.,indinavir,interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [89]}}"
The HIV protease inhibitor indinavir may cause nephrolithiasis and interstitial nephritis.,indinavir,nephrolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [62]}}"
The renal consequences of indinavir-associated nephrotoxicity are uncertain.,indinavir,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}}"
We report a case of papillary necrosis in a patient treated with indinavir.,indinavir,papillary necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"We describe 2 male patients, a 49-year-old with psoriatic arthritis and impaired renal function and a 43-year-old renal transplant recipient, who both sustained a marked decline in glomerular filtration rate in conjunction with a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), rofecoxib.",rofecoxib,decline in glomerular filtration rate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [279], 'end_char': [288]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [207]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: LTG overdose may result in a severe but reversible encephalopathy, a previously undescribed phenomenon.",LTG,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Evaluation revealed elevated serum LTG levels and no other etiology for encephalopathy.,LTG,elevated serum LTG levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [45]}}"
METHODS: A 55-year-old woman became stuporous after overdose with lamotrigine (LTG) and valproic acid (VPA) tablets.,lamotrigine,stuporous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}}"
METHODS: A 55-year-old woman became stuporous after overdose with lamotrigine (LTG) and valproic acid (VPA) tablets.,LTG,stuporous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}}"
METHODS: A 55-year-old woman became stuporous after overdose with lamotrigine (LTG) and valproic acid (VPA) tablets.,valproic acid,stuporous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}}"
METHODS: A 55-year-old woman became stuporous after overdose with lamotrigine (LTG) and valproic acid (VPA) tablets.,VPA,stuporous,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}}"
PURPOSE: To report that acute lamotrigine poisoning may result in severe encephalopathy.,lamotrigine,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Stupor from lamotrigine toxicity.,lamotrigine,Stupor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
"The cause of death was determined to be acute intoxication by olanzapine, and the manner of death was accidental.",olanzapine,acute intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
This article describes the case of a 25-year-old man found dead at home who had been prescribed olanzapine for schizophrenia.,olanzapine,dead,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Lichenoid drug eruption to salsalate.,salsalate,Lichenoid drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
"This eruption emerged after 1 month of therapy with salsalate, persisted for as long as salsalate was administered, and cleared within 3 weeks of discontinuing the medication.",salsalate,eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52, 88], 'end_char': [61, 97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We describe a patient who experienced a lichenoid eruption after the initiation of salsalate for relief of arthritic pain.,salsalate,lichenoid eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Amphotericin B-induced seizures in a patient with AIDS.,Amphotericin B,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 46-year-old African-American man experienced recurrent grand mal seizures during intravenous infusion of amphotericin B, then petit mal seizures as the infusion was stopped and the drug concentrations decreased with time.",amphotericin B,grand mal seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [89]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Amphotericin B seems to be the probable cause of the seizures.,Amphotericin B,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"Despite administration of phenytoin and lorazepam, the seizures persisted and occurred only during amphotercin B administration.",amphotercin B,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Didanosine also has a potential for inducing seizures.,Didanosine,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [53]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of multiple episodes of seizure activity in an AIDS patent following amphotericin B infusion.,amphotericin B,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [59]}}"
The time course of events suggested that amphotericin B was the cause of the seizures in this AIDS patient.,amphotericin B,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"To date, only three cases of seizures associated with amphotericin B have been reported in the literature, but healthcare providers should be aware of the potential for this rare adverse effect.",amphotericin B,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Vocal cord paralysis as a consequence of peritonsillar infiltration with bupivacaine.,bupivacaine,Vocal cord paralysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
We present the case of a 5-year-old girl who developed bilateral vocal cord paralysis following preoperative peritonsillar bupivacaine infiltration.,bupivacaine,bilateral vocal cord paralysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [85]}}"
A 53 year old Greenlandic male was admitted twice over a period of 4 years with a new complete right bundle branch block after ingestion of 10 g and 4 g of carbamazepine respectively.,carbamazepine,right bundle branch block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [120]}}"
Carbamazepine induced right bundle branch block in a Greenlandic patient.,Carbamazepine,right bundle branch block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Cicatricial entropion associated with chronic dipivefrin application.,dipivefrin,Cicatricial entropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Cicatrization in the substantia propria of the conjunctiva by excessive lymphocytic infiltration after topically administered antiglaucoma drugs including dipivefrin is a possible mechanism of action for entropion.,dipivefrin,entropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [226]}}"
"Nine eyes from 6 patients, 74 years to 90 years of age, referred by ophthalmologists for repair of cicatricial entropion after at least 2 years of twice-a-day application of dipivefrin.",dipivefrin,cicatricial entropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [120]}}"
PURPOSE: To report patients who presented to the oculoplastics department for repair of cicatrical entropion after topical use of dipivefrin.,dipivefrin,cicatrical entropion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis.",sulphasalazine,constellation of dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis.",sulphasalazine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis.",sulphasalazine,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis.",sulphasalazine,lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,fatal,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,fatal,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,immunoallergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,immunoallergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,sulphasalazine syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [148]}}"
"It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called ""3-week sulphasalazine syndrome"", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.",sulphasalazine,sulphasalazine syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125, 203], 'end_char': [139, 217]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [148]}}"
The 3-week sulphasalazine syndrome strikes again.,sulphasalazine,sulphasalazine syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Interestingly, the use of carboplatin (CBDCA) and VDS in the subsequent treatment course was well tolerated indicating that the SIADH was most likely to have been induced by administration of CDDP.",CDDP,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [133]}}"
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) following cisplatin administration in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient with a malignant pleural effusion.,cisplatin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) following cisplatin administration in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient with a malignant pleural effusion.,cisplatin,Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,CDDP,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [135]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,cisplatin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [135]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,VDS,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [135]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,vindesine,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [204]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [135]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,CDDP,syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [128]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,cisplatin,syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [128]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,VDS,syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [128]}}"
We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS).,vindesine,syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [204]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"After extensive neurological 'work up', we realized that the anisocoria was related to the transdermal scopolamine patch that we had prescribed for weaning off the opioid.",scopolamine,anisocoria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Anisocoria from transdermal scopolamine.,scopolamine,Anisocoria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
De novo absence status of late onset following withdrawal of lorazepam: a case report.,lorazepam,De novo absence status,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The aim of this report is to describe the clinical and electroencephalographic findings seen in an elderly woman without previous history of seizures who developed a nonconvulsive generalized status epilepticus following acute withdrawal of lorazepam.,lorazepam,nonconvulsive generalized status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [241], 'end_char': [250]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [210]}}"
Early recognition of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 can avoid life-threatening vincristine neurotoxicity.,vincristine,life-threatening vincristine neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"Recognizing early signs of HMSN, such as areflexia and pes cavus deformity, can prevent severe neurotoxicity of polychemotherapy by avoiding vincristine.",vincristine,severe neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [108]}}"
The disease predisposes to severe vincristine neurotoxicity.,vincristine,vincristine neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [59]}}"
We report a 31-year-old women with recurrent Hodgkin's lymphoma and unrecognized HMSN-1 who developed severe motor neuropathy 3 weeks after the first cycle of treatment including 2 mg of vincristine.,vincristine,severe motor neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [125]}}"
Acute asymptomatic hepatitis in a healthy normal volunteer exposed to 2 oral doses of amodiaquine and artesunate.,amodiaquine,asymptomatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Acute asymptomatic hepatitis in a healthy normal volunteer exposed to 2 oral doses of amodiaquine and artesunate.,artesunate,asymptomatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [28]}}"
This report describes an unexpected drug-induced hepatitis in a previously healthy young woman exposed to 2 doses of amodiaquine and artesunate.,amodiaquine,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}}"
This report describes an unexpected drug-induced hepatitis in a previously healthy young woman exposed to 2 doses of amodiaquine and artesunate.,artesunate,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Systemic allergic contact dermatitis to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP).,8-methoxypsoralen,Systemic allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Systemic allergic contact dermatitis to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP).,8-MOP,Systemic allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [36]}}"
We describe a patient who had a systemic allergic contact dermatitis to 8-MOP develop during her second course of PUVA treatment for psoriasis.,8-MOP,systemic allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"A 33-year-old man with a history of recreational benztropine abuse presented to the emergency department with confusion, abdominal pain, and distention.",benztropine,abdominal pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"A 33-year-old man with a history of recreational benztropine abuse presented to the emergency department with confusion, abdominal pain, and distention.",benztropine,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"A 33-year-old man with a history of recreational benztropine abuse presented to the emergency department with confusion, abdominal pain, and distention.",benztropine,distention,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [151]}}"
Agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia associated with quetiapine.,quetiapine,Agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
Agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia associated with quetiapine.,quetiapine,granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"CONCLUSION: Although a definite association has not been proven, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of agranulocytosis while using quetiapine.",quetiapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [129]}}"
METHOD: We describe three case-reports concerning haematological adverse effects of quetiapine.,quetiapine,haematological adverse effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [80]}}"
RESULTS: Quetiapine was associated with leucopenia in two patients and clinically apparent agranulocytosis in one patient.,Quetiapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [106]}}"
RESULTS: Quetiapine was associated with leucopenia in two patients and clinically apparent agranulocytosis in one patient.,Quetiapine,leucopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: There is very little published information regarding ofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.,ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"However, a large case-control study included three cases of either Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with ofloxacin use, but no details of the cases were given.",ofloxacin,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"However, a large case-control study included three cases of either Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with ofloxacin use, but no details of the cases were given.",ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [121]}}"
It is hoped that this case report creates awareness that ofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis is possible.,ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [101]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a fatal case of toxic epidermal necrolysis in a man who was treated with oral ofloxacin for epididymitis.,ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Ofloxacin: a probable cause of toxic epidermal necrolysis.,Ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [57]}}"
This report rules out other causes of toxic epidermal necrolysis and implicates ofloxacin in what appears to be an atypical presentation of drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.,ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38, 153], 'end_char': [64, 179]}}"
This report rules out other causes of toxic epidermal necrolysis and implicates ofloxacin in what appears to be an atypical presentation of drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.,ofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38, 153], 'end_char': [64, 179]}}"
A boy with chronic neutropenia and recurrent inflammatory skin lesions developed multiple erythematous nodules following administration of G-CSF.,G-CSF,multiple erythematous nodules,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [110]}}"
A girl with cystic fibrosis and cyclic neutropenia developed an erythematous papular eruption without fever or neutrophilia 7 months after commencing therapy with G-CSF.,G-CSF,erythematous papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Neutrophilic dermatoses in two children with idiopathic neutropenia: association with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy.,G-CSF,Neutrophilic dermatoses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Neutrophilic dermatoses in two children with idiopathic neutropenia: association with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy.,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,Neutrophilic dermatoses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Painful neutrophilic skin lesions were observed in two children receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treatment of idiopathic neutropenia.,G-CSF,neutrophilic skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Painful neutrophilic skin lesions were observed in two children receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treatment of idiopathic neutropenia.,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,neutrophilic skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Painful neutrophilic skin lesions were observed in two children receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treatment of idiopathic neutropenia.,G-CSF,Painful,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
Painful neutrophilic skin lesions were observed in two children receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treatment of idiopathic neutropenia.,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,Painful,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
We believe that these skin eruptions belong to a spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses that can be induced or aggravated by G-CSF therapy.,G-CSF,neutrophilic dermatoses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [84]}}"
We believe that these skin eruptions belong to a spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses that can be induced or aggravated by G-CSF therapy.,G-CSF,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [36]}}"
There is a putative role of liothyronine administration in precipitating or activating hyperthyroidism.,liothyronine,hyperthyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Triiodothyronine-induced thyrotoxicosis in ophthalmic Graves disease.,Triiodothyronine,thyrotoxicosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [39]}}"
This case report describes the development of asymptomatic visual field defects (VFDs) in a psychiatric patient with bipolar disorder receiving adjunctive tiagabine treatment.,tiagabine,VFDs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [85]}}"
This case report describes the development of asymptomatic visual field defects (VFDs) in a psychiatric patient with bipolar disorder receiving adjunctive tiagabine treatment.,tiagabine,visual field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Pulmonary toxicity with mefloquine.,mefloquine,Pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
This is the second report of acute lung injury and diffuse alveolar damage caused by mefloquine.,mefloquine,acute lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [46]}}"
This is the second report of acute lung injury and diffuse alveolar damage caused by mefloquine.,mefloquine,diffuse alveolar damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"This report presents a case of acute lung injury developing within hours after administration of mefloquine for a low-level Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which was persistent despite halofantrine therapy.",mefloquine,acute lung injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [48]}}"
An adult male presented with central blindness after ingesting methanol.,methanol,central blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Reversal of severe methanol-induced visual impairment: no evidence of retinal toxicity due to fomepizole.,methanol,visual impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Extra caution should be taken in using octreotide or its long-acting analog in patients otherwise predisposed to intrahepatic bile stasis.,octreotide,intrahepatic bile stasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [137]}}"
Gallstones and bile sludge are common side effects of octreotide therapy but rarely become symptomatic or require treatment.,octreotide,bile sludge,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Gallstones and bile sludge are common side effects of octreotide therapy but rarely become symptomatic or require treatment.,octreotide,Gallstones,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Hepatolithiasis (intrahepatic stone) during octreotide therapy for acromegaly: a case report.,octreotide,Hepatolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"In addition to its known effect on gallbladder stasis, octreotide alters bile acid composition and may thus hasten intrahepatic sludge and stone formation.",octreotide,alters bile acid composition,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"In addition to its known effect on gallbladder stasis, octreotide alters bile acid composition and may thus hasten intrahepatic sludge and stone formation.",octreotide,gallbladder stasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"In addition to its known effect on gallbladder stasis, octreotide alters bile acid composition and may thus hasten intrahepatic sludge and stone formation.",octreotide,hasten intrahepatic sludge,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"In addition to its known effect on gallbladder stasis, octreotide alters bile acid composition and may thus hasten intrahepatic sludge and stone formation.",octreotide,stone formation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [154]}}"
This is the first reported case of hepatolithiasis during octreotide therapy.,octreotide,hepatolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [50]}}"
We report a case of hepatolithiasis (intrahepatic stone) complicated by gram-negative sepsis in a 37 year old male with acromegaly being treated with octreotide.,octreotide,hepatolithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"However, in the mid-to-late 1980s, a series of letters to the editor and case reports announced an association between tamoxifen therapy in women with breast cancer and the development of endometrial carcinoma.",tamoxifen,endometrial carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"In this healthy population, the relative risk of developing endometrial carcinoma in the tamoxifen arm was 2.54, although when stratified by age, in women over 50, the risk grew to 4.01.",tamoxifen,endometrial carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn.",INH,drug eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [3]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Isonicotinic acid hydrazide induced anagen effluvium and associated lichenoid eruption.,Isonicotinic acid hydrazide,anagen effluvium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Isonicotinic acid hydrazide induced anagen effluvium and associated lichenoid eruption.,Isonicotinic acid hydrazide,lichenoid eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Such anagen effluvium with lichenoid eruption following INH therapy has not been observed previously.,INH,anagen effluvium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Such anagen effluvium with lichenoid eruption following INH therapy has not been observed previously.,INH,lichenoid eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis occurring after carbamazepine.,carbamazepine,Linear IgA bullous dermatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
We report a patient who experienced LABD shortly after starting carbamazepine therapy.,carbamazepine,LABD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,diaphoresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [115]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"After a second dose of metoclopramide, these symptoms recurred and were associated with confusion, agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypertension.",metoclopramide,tachypnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",metoclopramide,extrapyramidal reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",sertraline,extrapyramidal reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",venlafaxine,extrapyramidal reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",metoclopramide,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",sertraline,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a risk of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving sertraline or venlafaxine when metoclopramide is coadministered even in a single, conventional dose.",venlafaxine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [71]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,metoclopramide,extrapyramidal movement disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [97]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,sertraline,extrapyramidal movement disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [97]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,extrapyramidal movement disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [97]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,metoclopramide,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [50]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,sertraline,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [50]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin syndrome with serious extrapyramidal movement disorders occurring when metoclopramide was coadministered with sertraline or venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Serotonin syndrome caused by selective serotonin reuptake-inhibitors-metoclopramide interaction.,metoclopramide,Serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.",metoclopramide,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.",metoclopramide,diaphoresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.",metoclopramide,dysarthria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.",metoclopramide,movement disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"She was admitted following a fall and, after being given metoclopramide, developed movement disorder and a period of unresponsiveness.",metoclopramide,movement disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"She was admitted following a fall and, after being given metoclopramide, developed movement disorder and a period of unresponsiveness.",metoclopramide,unresponsiveness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [133]}}"
A patient suffering from a rare enzyme deficiency developed a malignant neuroleptic syndrome after having been treated with one single dose of haloperidol.,haloperidol,malignant neuroleptic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [92]}}"
BACKGROUND: reports on delated cutaneous reactions to captopril have been seldom reported.,captopril,delated cutaneous reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and their cutaneous side-effects are documented, but little has been published concerning the usefulness of patch test when they occur.",Captopril,cutaneous side-effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Dermatitis to captopril.,captopril,Dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
We presented the case of a patient who developed a cutaneous reaction induced by captopril with positive patch test.,captopril,cutaneous reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [69]}}"
A 62-year-old Caucasian man with atrial fibrillation who was taking warfarin reported an episode of hematochezia; his international normalized ratio (INR) was 1.74.,warfarin,hematochezia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Warfarin-associated bleeding complication saved life.,Warfarin,bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Warfarin-associated bleeding generally is considered deleterious; however, in our patient it unmasked an early stage of colon cancer and thus may have saved the patient's life.",Warfarin,bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}}"
A case of polymyositis with dilated cardiomyopathy associated with interferon alpha treatment for hepatitis B.,interferon alpha,dilated cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [50]}}"
A case of polymyositis with dilated cardiomyopathy associated with interferon alpha treatment for hepatitis B.,interferon alpha,polymyositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"In this case, interferon alpha induced polymyositis and cardiomyopathy is diagnosed in a 33-yr-old male patient with history of chronic hepatitis B.",interferon alpha,cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"In this case, interferon alpha induced polymyositis and cardiomyopathy is diagnosed in a 33-yr-old male patient with history of chronic hepatitis B.",interferon alpha,polymyositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Polymyositis is a rare complication of interferon alpha treatment as a result of immune-modulating role of the drug itself.,interferon alpha,Polymyositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"To treat hepatitis B, interferon alpha was administered until the proximal muscle weakness developed.",interferon alpha,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Long-term follow-up after neoplastic seeding complicating percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.,ethanol,neoplastic seeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We describe a case of subcutaneous metastasis along the needle track after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.,ethanol,subcutaneous metastasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Aggressive endometrial carcinoma in a breast cancer patient treated with tamoxifen with normal transvaginal ultrasonography.,tamoxifen,Aggressive endometrial carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"Since tamoxifen therapy can induce endometrial disorders, surveillance schemes of women taking tamoxifen have been recommended.",tamoxifen,endometrial disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6, 95], 'end_char': [15, 104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Since tamoxifen therapy can induce endometrial disorders, surveillance schemes of women taking tamoxifen have been recommended.",tamoxifen,endometrial disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6, 95], 'end_char': [15, 104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"We described a very atypical case of a high stage, high grade endometrial cancer associated with tamoxifen in a 64-year-old woman with a past history of breast cancer.",tamoxifen,endometrial cancer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"Beginning ductopenia was present in two, suggesting that itraconazole might be responsible for the occurrence of prolonged drug-induced cholangiopathy.",itraconazole,cholangiopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Beginning ductopenia was present in two, suggesting that itraconazole might be responsible for the occurrence of prolonged drug-induced cholangiopathy.",itraconazole,ductopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole-induced liver injury presents with a cholestatic pattern of injury with damage to the interlobular bile ducts, possibly leading to ductopenia.",Itraconazole,cholestatic pattern of injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole-induced liver injury presents with a cholestatic pattern of injury with damage to the interlobular bile ducts, possibly leading to ductopenia.",Itraconazole,damage to the interlobular bile ducts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole-induced liver injury presents with a cholestatic pattern of injury with damage to the interlobular bile ducts, possibly leading to ductopenia.",Itraconazole,ductopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [167]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole-induced liver injury presents with a cholestatic pattern of injury with damage to the interlobular bile ducts, possibly leading to ductopenia.",Itraconazole,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Hepatotoxicity related to itraconazole: report of three cases.,itraconazole,Hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
METHODS: Three patients with apparent itraconazole-induced liver injury were studied.,itraconazole,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [71]}}"
The occurrence of acute hepatitis is best known for ketoconazole.,ketoconazole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"We report on three patients who developed acute liver damage during therapy with itraconazole, and in whom liver biopsy specimens were obtained.",itraconazole,liver damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}}"
We suggest that itraconazole should be added to the list of drugs that may be responsible for a drug-induced vanishing bile duct syndrome.,itraconazole,vanishing bile duct syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"With itraconazole, hepatotoxic reactions have only very rarely been reported, and histologic data are lacking.",itraconazole,hepatotoxic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Thrombotic stroke associated with the use of porcine factor VIII in a patient with acquired haemophilia.,porcine factor VIII,Thrombotic stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
We have recently encountered a patient with acquired haemophilia who developed a thrombotic left middle cerebral artery distribution stroke while being treated with pFVIII.,pFVIII,thrombotic left middle cerebral artery distribution stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [139]}}"
We speculate that platelet activation induced by pFVIII may have contributed to thrombosis and suggest that pFVIII be used with caution in elderly patients with pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors.,pFVIII,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49, 108], 'end_char': [55, 114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Cutaneous sarcoidosis during interferon alfa and ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus infection: two cases.,interferon alfa,Cutaneous sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Cutaneous sarcoidosis during interferon alfa and ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus infection: two cases.,ribavirin,Cutaneous sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
There have been more than 20 observations of the appearance or aggravation of this granulomatosis with interferon alfa and more recently with the combination of interferon alfa plus ribavirin.,interferon alfa,granulomatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103, 161], 'end_char': [118, 176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [97]}}"
There have been more than 20 observations of the appearance or aggravation of this granulomatosis with interferon alfa and more recently with the combination of interferon alfa plus ribavirin.,interferon alfa,granulomatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103, 161], 'end_char': [118, 176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [97]}}"
There have been more than 20 observations of the appearance or aggravation of this granulomatosis with interferon alfa and more recently with the combination of interferon alfa plus ribavirin.,ribavirin,granulomatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [182], 'end_char': [191]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [97]}}"
We report two new cases of sarcoidosis in two patients with hepatitis C virus infection treated with interferon alfa and ribavirin.,interferon alfa,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}}"
We report two new cases of sarcoidosis in two patients with hepatitis C virus infection treated with interferon alfa and ribavirin.,ribavirin,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Although mirtazapine offers clinicians a combination of strong efficacy and good safety, we suggest bearing SS in mind when prescribing this drug, especially in frail, elderly patients with underlying chronic conditions.",mirtazapine,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [123]}}"
DISCUSSION: A review of the cases of SS with implication of mirtazapine as the cause was performed.,mirtazapine,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [5, 37], 'end_char': [7, 39]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To document a case of serotonin syndrome (SS) associated with mirtazapine monotherapy, review the previously reported cases of SS associated with this tetracyclic antidepressant, and discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms leading to this serious adverse drug reaction.",mirtazapine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To document a case of serotonin syndrome (SS) associated with mirtazapine monotherapy, review the previously reported cases of SS associated with this tetracyclic antidepressant, and discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms leading to this serious adverse drug reaction.",mirtazapine,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53, 138], 'end_char': [55, 140]}}"
Severe serotonin syndrome induced by mirtazapine monotherapy.,mirtazapine,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Pulmonary toxicity secondary to procarbazine.,procarbazine,Pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
A 64-year-old man presented with proteinuria during postoperative interferon (IFN)-beta therapy against malignant melanoma.,interferon (IFN)-beta,proteinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Minimal change nephrotic syndrome developing during postoperative interferon-beta therapy for malignant melanoma.,interferon-beta,Minimal change nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
To our knowledge this is the first report that demonstrates histological abnormalities of the glomerulus associated with postoperative IFN-beta therapy for the malignant melanoma.,IFN-beta,histological abnormalities of the glomerulus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"The authors report two cases of delayed elimination of methotrexate in patients receiving ciprofloxacin, with severe toxicity.",ciprofloxacin,delayed elimination,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"The authors report two cases of delayed elimination of methotrexate in patients receiving ciprofloxacin, with severe toxicity.",methotrexate,delayed elimination,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"The authors report two cases of delayed elimination of methotrexate in patients receiving ciprofloxacin, with severe toxicity.",ciprofloxacin,toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [125]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of the possible association of thrombocytopenia with lansoprazole and discontinue the drug if thrombocytopenia becomes apparent.,lansoprazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71, 134], 'end_char': [87, 150]}}"
"DISCUSSION: After exclusion of other causes, the onset of thrombocytopenia after administration of lansoprazole, the resolution of the adverse reaction after discontinuation of the drug, and the fact that no other medicines were introduced during this time frame lead us to believe that this was most likely an idiosyncratic thrombocytopenic response to lansoprazole.",lansoprazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99, 354], 'end_char': [111, 366]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"DISCUSSION: After exclusion of other causes, the onset of thrombocytopenia after administration of lansoprazole, the resolution of the adverse reaction after discontinuation of the drug, and the fact that no other medicines were introduced during this time frame lead us to believe that this was most likely an idiosyncratic thrombocytopenic response to lansoprazole.",lansoprazole,thrombocytopenic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99, 354], 'end_char': [111, 366]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [325], 'end_char': [341]}}"
"He was started on oral lansoprazole 60 mg twice daily and, on hospital day 2, his platelet count decreased to 102 x 10(3)/mm(3); on hospital day 3, the platelet count was 36 x 10(3)/mm(3).",lansoprazole,platelet count decreased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Lansoprazole-induced thrombocytopenia.,Lansoprazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of thrombocytopenia associated with the administration of lansoprazole.,lansoprazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"To date, this is the first reported case of what appears to be isolated thrombocytopenia associated with lansoprazole.",lansoprazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction to amifostine used with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer in a patient with dermatomyositis: a case report with literature review.,amifostine,anaphylactoid reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"The most common side effects associated with amifostine are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypocalcemia and allergic reactions.",amifostine,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"The most common side effects associated with amifostine are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypocalcemia and allergic reactions.",amifostine,hypocalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"The most common side effects associated with amifostine are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypocalcemia and allergic reactions.",amifostine,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"The most common side effects associated with amifostine are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypocalcemia and allergic reactions.",amifostine,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"The most common side effects associated with amifostine are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypocalcemia and allergic reactions.",amifostine,vomiting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [76]}}"
The patient suffered a life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction to amifostine.,amifostine,life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Agranulocytosis during clozapine therapy.,clozapine,Agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
Granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis are considered among the most dangerous adverse effects of clozapine.,clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis are considered among the most dangerous adverse effects of clozapine.,clozapine,Granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"The female patient received clozapine in a daily dose of 400 mg, which induced agranulocytosis after 2 months.",clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [94]}}"
The male patient was treated with 225-mg/day clozapine and the time to the diagnosis of agranulocytosis was 6 weeks.,clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [103]}}"
A 53-year-old man developed NMS without rigidity while taking olanzapine.,olanzapine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: We report the case of a 31-year-old patient hospitalized due to behavioral alterations and treated with oral zuclopenthixol, an antipsychotic from the thioxanthene family, who developed an acute, painful erection.",zuclopenthixol,painful erection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [210], 'end_char': [226]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Priapism is an uncommon but potentially serious adverse effect of zuclopenthixol that practitioners, as with many other antipsychotics, should be aware of.",zuclopenthixol,Priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [21]}}"
DISCUSSION: The occurrence of priapism in our patient was related to zuclopenthixol.,zuclopenthixol,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [38]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To present a single case of zuclopenthixol-induced priapism and a literature review.,zuclopenthixol,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Priapism associated with zuclopenthixol.,zuclopenthixol,Priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
The capacity of zuclopenthixol to induce priapism is thought to be due to its antagonist activity on alpha-adrenergic receptors.,zuclopenthixol,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"After identification of the index patient, additional inquiry revealed that the patient's mother was hospitalized previously for overwhelming sepsis associated with metamizole use.",metamizole,sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [148]}}"
"Metamizole, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent, is prohibited in the United States because of the risk of agranulocytosis but is widely used in Mexico and other countries.",Metamizole,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Erythropoietin is beneficial in mitomycin-induced hemolytic-uremic syndrome.,mitomycin,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [75]}}"
We describe a patient who developed HUS after treatment with mitomycin C (total dose 144 mg/m2) due to a carcinoma of the ascending colon.,mitomycin C,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Levofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in an elderly patient.,Levofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"To our knowledge, this case is the first published report of levofloxacin-induced TEN.",levofloxacin,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"A 31-year-old female developed multiple episodes of grand mal seizures after combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin for germ cell ovarian cancer stage Ic.",bleomycin,grand mal seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"A 31-year-old female developed multiple episodes of grand mal seizures after combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin for germ cell ovarian cancer stage Ic.",cisplatin,grand mal seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"A 31-year-old female developed multiple episodes of grand mal seizures after combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin for germ cell ovarian cancer stage Ic.",vinblastine,grand mal seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"Posterior leukoencephalopathy following cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine therapy for germ cell tumor of the ovary.",bleomycin,Posterior leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"Posterior leukoencephalopathy following cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine therapy for germ cell tumor of the ovary.",cisplatin,Posterior leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"Posterior leukoencephalopathy following cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine therapy for germ cell tumor of the ovary.",vinblastine,Posterior leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"After 5 days of treatment with IL-2, the patient developed a hemorrhagic lesion that progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, as well as grade 4 pancytopenia.",IL-2,hemorrhagic lesion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"After 5 days of treatment with IL-2, the patient developed a hemorrhagic lesion that progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, as well as grade 4 pancytopenia.",IL-2,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [158]}}"
"After 5 days of treatment with IL-2, the patient developed a hemorrhagic lesion that progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, as well as grade 4 pancytopenia.",IL-2,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [125]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cutaneous and hematologic toxicity in a patient treated with IL-2.,IL-2,cutaneous and hematologic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"Subcutaneous IL-2 is safe and well tolerated, with a mortality rate <3%.",IL-2,mortality rate <3,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with interleukin-2.,interleukin-2,Toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"A case of anaphylactoid reaction due solely to the use of Gelofusine in a patient with non-haemorrhagic hypovolaemia is presented, with a discussion on the management and the use of allergy identification jewellery.",Gelofusine,anaphylactoid reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Gelofusine allergy--the need for identification jewellery.,Gelofusine,Gelofusine allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"The authors describe valproate-induced hyperammonemia and mental status changes in an 88-year-old man, the first known reported case in an elderly patient.",valproate,hyperammonemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"The authors describe valproate-induced hyperammonemia and mental status changes in an 88-year-old man, the first known reported case in an elderly patient.",valproate,mental status changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Valproate-induced hyperammonemia as a cause of altered mental status.,Valproate,altered mental status,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Valproate-induced hyperammonemia as a cause of altered mental status.,Valproate,hyperammonemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Leiomyosarcoma in urinary bladder after cyclophosphamide therapy for retinoblastoma and review of bladder sarcomas.,cyclophosphamide,Leiomyosarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"The epivodes of NMS occured under treatment with clozapine, risperidone, and amisulpride.",amisulpride,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"The epivodes of NMS occured under treatment with clozapine, risperidone, and amisulpride.",clozapine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"The epivodes of NMS occured under treatment with clozapine, risperidone, and amisulpride.",risperidone,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}}"
A 73-year-old woman presented with fever and cough 2 weeks after completing the third cycle of fludarabine for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).,fludarabine,cough,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}}"
A 73-year-old woman presented with fever and cough 2 weeks after completing the third cycle of fludarabine for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).,fludarabine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Fludarabine induced lung toxicity must be considered in all patients who develop unexplained lung disease while receiving fludarabine.,Fludarabine,lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Fludarabine induced lung toxicity must be considered in all patients who develop unexplained lung disease while receiving fludarabine.,fludarabine,lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Fludarabine induced lung toxicity must be considered in all patients who develop unexplained lung disease while receiving fludarabine.,Fludarabine,lung toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Multiple pulmonary nodules: an unusual presentation of fludarabine pulmonary toxicity: case report and review of literature.,fludarabine,Multiple pulmonary nodules,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Multiple pulmonary nodules: an unusual presentation of fludarabine pulmonary toxicity: case report and review of literature.,fludarabine,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [85]}}"
This case extends the spectrum of fludarabine pulmonary toxicity to include pulmonary nodules.,fludarabine,pulmonary nodules,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [93]}}"
This case extends the spectrum of fludarabine pulmonary toxicity to include pulmonary nodules.,fludarabine,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"To our knowledge, four cases of interstitial pneumonitis associated with fludarabine have been reported in medical literature.",fludarabine,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Epoprostenol may be associated rarely with severe erythroderma.,Epoprostenol,erythroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Severe erythroderma as a complication of continuous epoprostenol therapy.,epoprostenol,erythroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever.",epoprostenol,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [241]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever.",epoprostenol,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [217]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever.",epoprostenol,rapidly progressive erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [200]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever.",epoprostenol,scaling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever.",epoprostenol,vomiting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [222], 'end_char': [230]}}"
"A 50-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male patient is reported who had ticlopidine-induced marrow aplasia partially responsive to colony-stimulating factors and corticosteroids, but experienced complete recovery with cyclosporine.",ticlopidine,marrow aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [107]}}"
There is no consensus on the treatment of ticlopidine-induced marrow aplasia.,ticlopidine,marrow aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Ticlopidine-induced marrow aplasia treated with cyclosporine.,Ticlopidine,marrow aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [34]}}"
A 53-year-old man developed lower leg edema 4 weeks after rosiglitazone was increased from 4 mg once/day to 4 mg twice/day.,rosiglitazone,lower leg edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [43]}}"
A 75-year-old man developed bilateral lower leg edema 6 months after switching from troglitazone to pioglitazone.,pioglitazone,bilateral lower leg edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"A 77-year-old man developed ankle, hand, and facial swelling 2 weeks after starting rosiglitazone.",rosiglitazone,"ankle, hand, and facial swelling","{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Two cases of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia induced by the administration of verapamil against paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.,verapamil,polymorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Verapamil is widely used for the termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) with little proarrhythmic effect.,Verapamil,proarrhythmic effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [127]}}"
We describe two cases of PSVT that changed to non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia after administration of verapamil.,verapamil,non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Epsilon-aminocaproic acid and renal complications: case report and review of the literature.,Epsilon-aminocaproic acid,renal complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Neonatal mydriasis: intravenous lidocaine adverse reaction.,lidocaine,mydriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [18]}}"
We present a neonate with a seizure disorder who acutely developed pupillary mydriasis secondary to lidocaine overdose.,lidocaine,pupillary mydriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [86]}}"
We suggest adding this side effect to the list of untoward effects of lidocaine and to the differential diagnosis of fixed dilated pupils in neonates treated with lidocaine.,lidocaine,dilated pupils,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 163], 'end_char': [79, 172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [137]}}"
Myelodysplasia terminating in acute myeloid leukemia in a hairy cell leukemia patient treated with 2-deoxycoformycin.,2-deoxycoformycin,acute myeloid leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Myelodysplasia terminating in acute myeloid leukemia in a hairy cell leukemia patient treated with 2-deoxycoformycin.,2-deoxycoformycin,Myelodysplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"To the best of our knowledge only two previous cases of AML have been linked to treatment of HCL with purine analogs, both with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.",2-chlorodeoxyadenosine,AML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [59]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral administration of low-dose vasopressin for septic shock should be discouraged because of the risk of ischemic skin complications.,vasopressin,ischemic skin complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [152]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of severe skin necrosis resulting from peripheral intravenous administration of low-dose vasopressin in a patient with catecholamine-resistant septic shock.,vasopressin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Skin necrosis after extravasation of low-dose vasopressin administered for septic shock.,vasopressin,Skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Mitomycin-C induced hemolytic uremic syndrome: a case report.,Mitomycin-C,hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Mitomycin-C is used widely in the treatment of malignancies and is associated with serious dose related adverse effects including the occurrence of hemolytic uremic syndrome.,Mitomycin-C,hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [173]}}"
"Although vasculitis has been reported in the course of hairy cell leukaemia, it has only rarely been reported as the consequence of cladribine treatment.",cladribine,vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Systemic vasculitis complicating hairy cell leukaemia treatment with cladribine.,cladribine,Systemic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
We describe a 73-year-old woman who developed serious systemic vasculitis with associated thrombocytopenia in the course of treatment with cladribine.,cladribine,systemic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [73]}}"
We describe a 73-year-old woman who developed serious systemic vasculitis with associated thrombocytopenia in the course of treatment with cladribine.,cladribine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Drug-induced mammary hyperplasias have been reported as rare complications of D-penicillamine and Neothetazone.,D-penicillamine,mammary hyperplasias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Drug-induced mammary hyperplasias have been reported as rare complications of D-penicillamine and Neothetazone.,Neothetazone,mammary hyperplasias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Gigantomastia induced by bucillamine.,bucillamine,Gigantomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Retrospectively, bucillamine was believed to be the cause of the giant hypertrophy because of its structural similarity to D-penicillamine, which was the subject of an abundance of reports of mammary hyperplasia.",bucillamine,giant hypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"Retrospectively, bucillamine was believed to be the cause of the giant hypertrophy because of its structural similarity to D-penicillamine, which was the subject of an abundance of reports of mammary hyperplasia.",D-penicillamine,mammary hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [211]}}"
The authors report the first case of bucillamine-induced giant mammary hyperplasia.,bucillamine,giant mammary hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [82]}}"
The authors describe three families in whom the occurrence of FVS in all the siblings strongly suggests hereditary susceptibility to valproic acid-induced adverse outcome.,valproic acid,FVS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"The fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, major and minor malformations, and developmental delay.",valproate,developmental delay,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [140]}}"
"The fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, major and minor malformations, and developmental delay.",valproate,distinctive facial appearance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"The fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, major and minor malformations, and developmental delay.",valproate,fetal valproate syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"The fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, major and minor malformations, and developmental delay.",valproate,FVS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"The fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, major and minor malformations, and developmental delay.",valproate,major and minor malformations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [115]}}"
Valproate embryopathy in three sets of siblings: further proof of hereditary susceptibility.,Valproate,Valproate embryopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Generalised pustular psoriasis induced by cyclosporin a withdrawal responding to the tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor etanercept.,cyclosporin a,Generalised pustular psoriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"We report a 50-year-old male patient with a 15-year history of psoriasis including mutilating psoriatic arthritis, in whom the withdrawal of cyclosporin A induced a generalised pustular exacerbation and a aggravation of the joint condition.",cyclosporin A,aggravation of the joint condition,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [205], 'end_char': [239]}}"
"We report a 50-year-old male patient with a 15-year history of psoriasis including mutilating psoriatic arthritis, in whom the withdrawal of cyclosporin A induced a generalised pustular exacerbation and a aggravation of the joint condition.",cyclosporin A,generalised pustular exacerbation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [198]}}"
The first case concerns a 70-year-old man who developed severe aplastic anemia 7 weeks after treatment with 500 mg of ticlopidine daily.,ticlopidine,aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"The second was an 82-year-old man receiving ticlopidine for 2 years when, during a febrile episode, he was found neutropenic with marrow aplasia.",ticlopidine,marrow aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"The second was an 82-year-old man receiving ticlopidine for 2 years when, during a febrile episode, he was found neutropenic with marrow aplasia.",ticlopidine,neutropenic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia (TIAA) is considered very uncommon.,Ticlopidine,aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia (TIAA) is considered very uncommon.,Ticlopidine,TIAA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [41]}}"
"Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia: two new case reports, review, and meta-analysis of 55 additional cases.",Ticlopidine,aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"When the data of the 57 patients are evaluated, a reversible direct cytotoxic effect of ticlopidine on the pluripotent/bipotent hematopoietic progenitor stem cell is proposed.",ticlopidine,cytotoxic effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Fixed drug eruption to rofecoxib.,rofecoxib,Fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Rofecoxib, used for dysmenorrhea, caused a herpetiform fixed drug eruption predominantly involving the lips with classic clinical and histological findings in a red-brown lesion on the dorsal hand.",Rofecoxib,herpetiform fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"Rofecoxib, used for dysmenorrhea, caused a herpetiform fixed drug eruption predominantly involving the lips with classic clinical and histological findings in a red-brown lesion on the dorsal hand.",Rofecoxib,red-brown lesion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [177]}}"
A patient who had been treated with large doses of thyroid hormone for several years developed features of secondary hypothyroidism after thyroid hormone withdrawal.,thyroid hormone,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 138], 'end_char': [66, 153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine has mild renal toxicity, but cases of gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have been reported.",gemcitabine,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine has mild renal toxicity, but cases of gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have been reported.",Gemcitabine,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine has mild renal toxicity, but cases of gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have been reported.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [115]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine has mild renal toxicity, but cases of gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have been reported.",Gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [115]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine has mild renal toxicity, but cases of gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have been reported.",Gemcitabine,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [47]}}"
CONCLUSION: There are only a few confirmed cases of gemcitabine-associated HUS despite the widespread use of the drug.,gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Gemcitabine-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome.,Gemcitabine,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"Mean time between initiation of gemcitabine therapy and onset of HUS was 7.4 +/- 3.5 months, or 21.9 +/- 10.9 doses of gemcitabine.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32, 119], 'end_char': [43, 130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"Mean time between initiation of gemcitabine therapy and onset of HUS was 7.4 +/- 3.5 months, or 21.9 +/- 10.9 doses of gemcitabine.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32, 119], 'end_char': [43, 130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}}"
METHODS: A case is presented of a 45-year-old woman on prolonged gemcitabine treatment for ovarian cancer who developed HUS and recovered after drug discontinuation.,gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"RESULTS: Including our own patient, a total of 26 cases of gemcitabine-associated HUS were identified.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [85]}}"
An amiodarone optic neuropathy has been described.,amiodarone,optic neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [3], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Biomicroscopy revealed amiodarone corneal deposits.,amiodarone,corneal deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"CASE REPORT: Soon after initiation of amiodarone HCl (200 mg/day), a 76-year-old man came to us with symptoms of visual ""shining,"" glare, color vision anomalies, and gradually decreased vision.",amiodarone HCl,color vision anomalies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [160]}}"
"CASE REPORT: Soon after initiation of amiodarone HCl (200 mg/day), a 76-year-old man came to us with symptoms of visual ""shining,"" glare, color vision anomalies, and gradually decreased vision.",amiodarone HCl,decreased vision,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [192]}}"
"CASE REPORT: Soon after initiation of amiodarone HCl (200 mg/day), a 76-year-old man came to us with symptoms of visual ""shining,"" glare, color vision anomalies, and gradually decreased vision.",amiodarone HCl,glare,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [136]}}"
"CASE REPORT: Soon after initiation of amiodarone HCl (200 mg/day), a 76-year-old man came to us with symptoms of visual ""shining,"" glare, color vision anomalies, and gradually decreased vision.",amiodarone HCl,"visual ""shining","{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Visual changes secondary to initiation of amiodarone: a case report and review involving ocular management in cardiac polypharmacy.,amiodarone,Visual changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"While both amiodarone and digoxin can cause permanent visual changes, the ocular effects are often reversible.",amiodarone,ocular effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"While both amiodarone and digoxin can cause permanent visual changes, the ocular effects are often reversible.",digoxin,ocular effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"While both amiodarone and digoxin can cause permanent visual changes, the ocular effects are often reversible.",amiodarone,visual changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"While both amiodarone and digoxin can cause permanent visual changes, the ocular effects are often reversible.",digoxin,visual changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Infant twins sustained severe circumoral and pharyngeal burns from a concentrated solution of benzalkonium (Zephiran) chloride prescribed for treatment of candidiasis.,benzalkonium,circumoral and pharyngeal burns,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Infant twins sustained severe circumoral and pharyngeal burns from a concentrated solution of benzalkonium (Zephiran) chloride prescribed for treatment of candidiasis.,Zephiran,circumoral and pharyngeal burns,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [61]}}"
CONCLUSION: Long-term treatment with rifabutin may have a reversible and previously undescribed side-effect on retinal function.,rifabutin,side-effect on retinal function,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [127]}}"
PURPOSE: To describe the clinical and electrophysiological findings in a young boy with decreased vision possibly due to retinal damage by rifabutin.,rifabutin,decreased vision,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [104]}}"
PURPOSE: To describe the clinical and electrophysiological findings in a young boy with decreased vision possibly due to retinal damage by rifabutin.,rifabutin,retinal damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [135]}}"
Retinal dysfunction and anterior segment deposits in a patient treated with rifabutin.,rifabutin,anterior segment deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Retinal dysfunction and anterior segment deposits in a patient treated with rifabutin.,rifabutin,Retinal dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
We suggest that objective evaluation of retinal function with electrophysiological methods should be performed in patients with visual disturbance during treatment with rifabutin.,rifabutin,visual disturbance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"A case is presented of a patient who experienced benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms on discontinuation of nefazodone, an antidepressant that inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme.",nefazodone,benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [83]}}"
A case of SIADH induced by mizoribin administration.,mizoribin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"ADH hypersecretion in relation to plasma osmolality was reversed by mizoribin withdrawal, suggesting that bredinin might adversely induce SIADH.",mizoribin,ADH hypersecretion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"ADH hypersecretion in relation to plasma osmolality was reversed by mizoribin withdrawal, suggesting that bredinin might adversely induce SIADH.",bredinin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [143]}}"
"In summary, we report herein the first case of SIADH believed to be an adverse effect of mizoribin, which may therefore needed to be added to the list of drugs which can induce SIADH.",mizoribin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47, 177], 'end_char': [52, 182]}}"
"In summary, we report herein the first case of SIADH believed to be an adverse effect of mizoribin, which may therefore needed to be added to the list of drugs which can induce SIADH.",mizoribin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47, 177], 'end_char': [52, 182]}}"
We describe a 74-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1.5 months after commencement of mizoribin prescription when his arthritis was improved.,mizoribin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [141]}}"
We describe a 74-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1.5 months after commencement of mizoribin prescription when his arthritis was improved.,mizoribin,syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"The disease-modifying drugs he was taking, cyclosporin and methotrexate, were stopped, and the lymphoma resolved spontaneously without the use of chemotherapy.",cyclosporin,lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"The disease-modifying drugs he was taking, cyclosporin and methotrexate, were stopped, and the lymphoma resolved spontaneously without the use of chemotherapy.",methotrexate,lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [103]}}"
Acute onset of nephrotic syndrome during interferon-alpha retreatment for chronic active hepatitis C.,interferon-alpha,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [33]}}"
We herein report this rare case of acute onset of nephrotic syndrome during interferon-alpha retreatment.,interferon-alpha,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"A 21-year-old man with Tourette's syndrome, pedophilia, Asperger's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis experienced seizures after receiving therapy with interferon beta-1a.",interferon beta-1a,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"Seizures and extrapyramidal symptoms in a patient with Tourette's syndrome, Asperger's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a and clomipramine.",clomipramine,extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Seizures and extrapyramidal symptoms in a patient with Tourette's syndrome, Asperger's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a and clomipramine.",interferon beta-1a,extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Seizures and extrapyramidal symptoms in a patient with Tourette's syndrome, Asperger's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a and clomipramine.",clomipramine,Seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
"Seizures and extrapyramidal symptoms in a patient with Tourette's syndrome, Asperger's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a and clomipramine.",interferon beta-1a,Seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
A 68-year-old female patient with advanced ovarian carcinoma collapsed whilst receiving a carboplatin and cyclophosphamide infusion.,carboplatin,collapsed,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}}"
A 68-year-old female patient with advanced ovarian carcinoma collapsed whilst receiving a carboplatin and cyclophosphamide infusion.,cyclophosphamide,collapsed,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Carboplatin hypersensitivity presenting as coronary vasospasm - a case report.,Carboplatin,coronary vasospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Hypersensitivity to carboplatin is a rare but real complication of therapy and should be considered in patients presenting with hyperacute changes on ECG whilst receiving carboplatin therapy.,carboplatin,hyperacute changes on ECG,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20, 171], 'end_char': [31, 182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Hypersensitivity to carboplatin is a rare but real complication of therapy and should be considered in patients presenting with hyperacute changes on ECG whilst receiving carboplatin therapy.,carboplatin,Hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20, 171], 'end_char': [31, 182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.,methazolamide,acute respiratory failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [94]}}"
A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.,Neptazane,acute respiratory failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [94]}}"
A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.,methazolamide,metabolic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}}"
A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.,Neptazane,metabolic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}}"
Capecitabine was discontinued and the allergic reactions resolved after the woman took diphenhydramine for 1 week.,Capecitabine,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [56]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The use of fluorouracil treatment with careful monitoring can be considered in a patient with mild allergic reactions to capecitabine.,capecitabine,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Fluorouracil for allergic reactions to capecitabine.,capecitabine,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"It was postulated that the allergic reaction was most likely caused by capecitabine or the intermediate metabolites based on the immediate reappearance of symptoms from the rechallenge, pharmacokinetic data, and well-tolerance of fluorouracil.",capecitabine,allergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [44]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the safe use of fluorouracil in a patient with breast cancer who had allergic reactions to capecitabine.,capecitabine,allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"She developed a generalized rash and itching, sore throat, and dizziness approximately 4 hours after the first dose of capecitabine.",capecitabine,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"She developed a generalized rash and itching, sore throat, and dizziness approximately 4 hours after the first dose of capecitabine.",capecitabine,generalized rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"She developed a generalized rash and itching, sore throat, and dizziness approximately 4 hours after the first dose of capecitabine.",capecitabine,itching,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"She developed a generalized rash and itching, sore throat, and dizziness approximately 4 hours after the first dose of capecitabine.",capecitabine,sore throat,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"After five and six weeks of continuous oral administration of methylprednisolone, the boys developed steroid diabetes.",methylprednisolone,steroid diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [117]}}"
Reduction of methylprednisolone dosage rather than insulin therapy resulted in better control of glycemia.,methylprednisolone,glycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"Contrary to previous recommendations, our experience cautions against the further use of high-dose cytarabine in patients who develop PPE, and is a timely reminder of the potential toxicity of this agent, which is now increasingly being used as first-line treatment in the management of haematologic malignancies.",cytarabine,PPE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [137]}}"
It has been suggested that PPE caused by cytarabine does not recur with subsequent cytarabine re-challenge.,cytarabine,PPE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41, 83], 'end_char': [51, 93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Recurrent palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia following high-dose cytarabine treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.,cytarabine,palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"We report a patient with recurrent, increasingly severe episodes of PPE, ultimately complicated by a severe bullous eruption, following successive cycles of high-dose cytarabine for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.",cytarabine,bullous eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"We report a patient with recurrent, increasingly severe episodes of PPE, ultimately complicated by a severe bullous eruption, following successive cycles of high-dose cytarabine for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.",cytarabine,PPE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Atypical endometriosis may act as a precancerous lesion in the process of tamoxifen-induced malignant transformation of endometriosis.,tamoxifen,malignant transformation of endometriosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [133]}}"
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer arising from an endometriotic cyst in a postmenopausal woman under tamoxifen therapy is rare.,tamoxifen,Ovarian cancer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [26]}}"
CONCLUSION: Tamoxifen may cause malignant transformation of endometriosis through atypical endometriosis even in the postmenopausal state.,Tamoxifen,malignant transformation of endometriosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from an endometriotic cyst in a postmenopausal woman under tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer: a case report.,tamoxifen,Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"Clinical, spectroscopic, and imaging abnormalities resolved with discontinuation of metronidazole.",metronidazole,"Clinical, spectroscopic, and imaging abnormalities","{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Proton MRS examination demonstrated a persistent lactate elevation during metronidazole treatment.,metronidazole,lactate elevation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Reversible MR imaging and MR spectroscopy abnormalities in association with metronidazole therapy.,metronidazole,Reversible MR imaging and MR spectroscopy abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [55]}}"
After nine previous uncomplicated cycles she developed severe anaphylaxis to cisplatin.,cisplatin,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Anaphylaxis to cisplatin following nine previous uncomplicated cycles.,cisplatin,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Anaphylaxis to cisplatin is an infrequent life-threatening complication which may occur even in patients who have received prior treatment with cisplatin.,cisplatin,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 144], 'end_char': [24, 153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
"Although isradipine has been associated with hepatocellular injury, there are no reports of fulminant liver failure with this agent, and our patient had been treated for >2 years without signs of toxicity.",isradipine,hepatocellular injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"A second possibility is an interaction between clarithromycin and isradipine, potentially increasing the hepatic toxicity of isradipine.",clarithromycin,increasing the hepatic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"A second possibility is an interaction between clarithromycin and isradipine, potentially increasing the hepatic toxicity of isradipine.",isradipine,increasing the hepatic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66, 125], 'end_char': [76, 135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"A second possibility is an interaction between clarithromycin and isradipine, potentially increasing the hepatic toxicity of isradipine.",isradipine,increasing the hepatic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66, 125], 'end_char': [76, 135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [121]}}"
CASE SUMMARY: A 58-year-old white woman developed fulminant liver failure while being treated with the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin for pneumonia.,clarithromycin,fulminant liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [73]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Clarithromycin may be a cause of fulminant liver failure either alone or by inhibiting the metabolism of other drugs.,Clarithromycin,fulminant liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Fulminant liver failure associated with clarithromycin.,clarithromycin,Fulminant liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a patient developing fulminant liver failure while being treated with clarithromycin for pneumonia.,clarithromycin,fulminant liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"The most likely cause of liver failure in this patient was, therefore, clarithromycin, which undergoes hepatic metabolism and has been reported to cause fulminant hepatic failure.",clarithromycin,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [178]}}"
"The most likely cause of liver failure in this patient was, therefore, clarithromycin, which undergoes hepatic metabolism and has been reported to cause fulminant hepatic failure.",clarithromycin,liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [38]}}"
A paradoxical ocular effect of brimonidine.,brimonidine,paradoxical ocular effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [2], 'end_char': [27]}}"
CONCLUSION: Under certain circumstances topical brimonidine can cause paradoxical raised IOP necessitating vigilance in follow-up of patients on topical brimonidine.,brimonidine,paradoxical raised IOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48, 153], 'end_char': [59, 164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [92]}}"
PURPOSE: We report an unusual paradoxical effect of brimonidine.,brimonidine,paradoxical effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"RESULTS: Brimonidine was observed to cause IOP elevation, confirmed on rechallenge, scoring 8 (strong probability) on an adverse drug reaction probability score.",Brimonidine,IOP elevation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,anxiety,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,diaphoresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,generalized seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [184]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,generalized seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [184]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,palpitations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [122]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [207]}}"
"Although gabapentin withdrawal has been previously reported and usually consists of anxiety, diaphoresis, and palpitations, this is the first reported patient with generalized seizures and status epilepticus secondary to gabapentin withdrawal.",gabapentin,status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 221], 'end_char': [19, 231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [207]}}"
Gabapentin withdrawal presenting as status epilepticus.,Gabapentin,status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"Although visual hallucinations have not been reported as an adverse effect of this agent, we describe three patients who experienced complex visual hallucinations and altered mental status after zonisamide treatment was begun or its dosage increased.",zonisamide,altered mental status,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [205]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [188]}}"
"Although visual hallucinations have not been reported as an adverse effect of this agent, we describe three patients who experienced complex visual hallucinations and altered mental status after zonisamide treatment was begun or its dosage increased.",zonisamide,visual hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [205]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9, 141], 'end_char': [30, 162]}}"
Visual hallucinations associated with zonisamide.,zonisamide,Visual hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Doxycycline-induced hypoglycemia in a nondiabetic young man.,Doxycycline,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [32]}}"
We report the first case of doxycycline-induced hypoglycemia in a young nondiabetic man.,doxycycline,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"For patients who suffer from osteogenic sarcoma and have anaphylactic reactions to MTX, this desensitization protocol will allow these patients to continue with needed therapeutic or palliative chemotherapy.",MTX,anaphylactic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness.",MTX,chest tightness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness.",MTX,cough,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness.",MTX,diffuse urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness.",MTX,facial swelling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness.",MTX,hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [45]}}"
He was later skin tested to confirm allergy to MTX.,MTX,allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Successful desensitization to high-dose methotrexate after systemic anaphylaxis.,methotrexate,systemic anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [79]}}"
The successful development and implementation of this protocol will have impact on patients who have anaphylactic reactions to MTX but require this medication for specific diseases.,MTX,anaphylactic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [123]}}"
The authors report a case of Balint syndrome with irreversible posterior leukoencephalopathy on MRI following intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine.,cytarabine,Balint syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
The authors report a case of Balint syndrome with irreversible posterior leukoencephalopathy on MRI following intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine.,methotrexate,Balint syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
The authors report a case of Balint syndrome with irreversible posterior leukoencephalopathy on MRI following intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine.,cytarabine,posterior leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [92]}}"
The authors report a case of Balint syndrome with irreversible posterior leukoencephalopathy on MRI following intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine.,methotrexate,posterior leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [92]}}"
We present a unique case of GTBM in a patient with myeloma following treatment with Melphalan.,Melphalan,GTBM,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma who had treatment with L-asparaginase and steroid are predisposed to the development of cortical venous thrombosis and may have this syndrome in addition to a dural puncture headache.,L-asparaginase,cortical venous thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [151]}}"
Patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma who had treatment with L-asparaginase and steroid are predisposed to the development of cortical venous thrombosis and may have this syndrome in addition to a dural puncture headache.,L-asparaginase,dural puncture headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [219]}}"
Interstitial pneumonitis associated with sirolimus: a dilemma for lung transplantation.,sirolimus,Interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus-induced pneumonitis has been described previously in renal transplant recipients, and this report describes a stable heart-lung transplant recipient who developed a pulmonary infiltrate that reversed after ceasing SR therapy.",Rapamycin,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus-induced pneumonitis has been described previously in renal transplant recipients, and this report describes a stable heart-lung transplant recipient who developed a pulmonary infiltrate that reversed after ceasing SR therapy.",sirolimus,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus-induced pneumonitis has been described previously in renal transplant recipients, and this report describes a stable heart-lung transplant recipient who developed a pulmonary infiltrate that reversed after ceasing SR therapy.",Rapamycin,pulmonary infiltrate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [205]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus-induced pneumonitis has been described previously in renal transplant recipients, and this report describes a stable heart-lung transplant recipient who developed a pulmonary infiltrate that reversed after ceasing SR therapy.",sirolimus,pulmonary infiltrate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [205]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus-induced pneumonitis has been described previously in renal transplant recipients, and this report describes a stable heart-lung transplant recipient who developed a pulmonary infiltrate that reversed after ceasing SR therapy.",SR,pulmonary infiltrate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [234], 'end_char': [236]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [205]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapammune,hyperlipidemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapamycin,hyperlipidemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",sirolimus,hyperlipidemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",SR,hyperlipidemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapammune,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapamycin,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",sirolimus,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",SR,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapammune,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [195]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapamycin,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [195]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",sirolimus,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [195]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",SR,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [195]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapammune,myelosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",Rapamycin,myelosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",sirolimus,myelosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Rapamycin/sirolimus (SR), trade named Rapammune (Wyeth-Ayerst, Sydney, Australia), is a potent immunosuppressive drug associated with myelosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and infection.",SR,myelosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",lithium,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",olanzapine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",lithium,generalized rigidity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",olanzapine,generalized rigidity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",lithium,increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",olanzapine,increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",lithium,leukocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"A 16-year-old boy developed fever, generalized rigidity, leukocytosis, and increased serum transaminase and creatine kinase levels while receiving treatment with olanzapine and lithium.",olanzapine,leukocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Concomitant administration of lithium with olanzapine may place patients at risk for NMS.,lithium,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Concomitant administration of lithium with olanzapine may place patients at risk for NMS.,olanzapine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in an adolescent receiving olanzapine-lithium combination therapy.,lithium,Neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in an adolescent receiving olanzapine-lithium combination therapy.,olanzapine,Neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Both 6-MP and AZA are widely used and are known to cause hepatotoxicity in a proportion of patients.,6-MP,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Both 6-MP and AZA are widely used and are known to cause hepatotoxicity in a proportion of patients.,AZA,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Hepatotoxicity associated with 6-thioguanine therapy for Crohn's disease.,6-thioguanine,Hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
This case highlights the need to monitor liver enzymes in patients treated with 6-TG and identifies the need for additional research focused on the mechanism of thiopurine-induced hepatic injury.,thiopurine,hepatic injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [194]}}"
"We believe the temporal association of the abnormal liver enzymes in this patient, in the absence of other offending agents, argues strongly in favor of 6-TG as a cause of liver enzyme abnormalities.",6-TG,abnormal liver enzymes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"We believe the temporal association of the abnormal liver enzymes in this patient, in the absence of other offending agents, argues strongly in favor of 6-TG as a cause of liver enzyme abnormalities.",6-TG,liver enzyme abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [198]}}"
We describe a case of significant elevation of serum transaminases in a patient treated with 6-TG for a flare of Crohn's disease.,6-TG,elevation of serum transaminases,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Early peritoneal dialysis has not previously been reported for lisinopril induced multiorgan failure.,lisinopril,multiorgan failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [100]}}"
We observed transient panhypogammaglobulinaemia in a patient with neuropsychiatric SLE after treatment with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide.,cyclophosphamide,panhypogammaglobulinaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [47]}}"
We observed transient panhypogammaglobulinaemia in a patient with neuropsychiatric SLE after treatment with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide.,prednisolone,panhypogammaglobulinaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Fulminant hepatic failure developed in a 24-year-old black woman who had been treated with propylthiouracil and propranolol for hyperthyroidism.,propranolol,Fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Fulminant hepatic failure developed in a 24-year-old black woman who had been treated with propylthiouracil and propranolol for hyperthyroidism.,propylthiouracil,Fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Fulminant hepatitis and lymphocyte sensitization due to propylthiouracil.,propylthiouracil,Fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
These observations indicate that submassive hepatic necrosis may result from treatment with propylthiouracil and are consistent with the notion that sensitization mechanisms may be responsible for the hepatic injury induced by this drug.,propylthiouracil,hepatic injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [201], 'end_char': [215]}}"
These observations indicate that submassive hepatic necrosis may result from treatment with propylthiouracil and are consistent with the notion that sensitization mechanisms may be responsible for the hepatic injury induced by this drug.,propylthiouracil,submassive hepatic necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [60]}}"
The diagnosis of hypothermia was delayed until it was apparent for several days but resolved with the discontinuation of risperidone and continuation of clozapine.,risperidone,hypothermia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"This is a case report of subtle, mild hypothermia in a 54-year old female patient receiving risperidone for schizophrenia.",risperidone,hypothermia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"Akathisia is a relatively rare side effect with the newer atypical antipsychotic agents, particularly clozapine, and is easily misdiagnosed in children.",clozapine,Akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Clozapine-induced akathisia in children with schizophrenia.,Clozapine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Two cases of childhood-onset schizophrenia associated with clozapine-induced akathisia responsive to beta-blocker treatment are described.,clozapine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}}"
After reviewing the literature we suggest the CPM was a complication of lithium toxicity which affected the lateral geniculate nucleus which produced blindness.,lithium,blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [159]}}"
After reviewing the literature we suggest the CPM was a complication of lithium toxicity which affected the lateral geniculate nucleus which produced blindness.,lithium,CPM,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Central pontine myelinolysis manifested by temporary blindness: a possible complication of lithium toxicity.,lithium,Central pontine myelinolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Central pontine myelinolysis manifested by temporary blindness: a possible complication of lithium toxicity.,lithium,temporary blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Antithyroid treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU) resulted in elevated hepatic enzymes and after the 12th week of pregnancy treatment was changed to carbimazole (CBZ).,propylthiouracil,elevated hepatic enzymes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Antithyroid treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU) resulted in elevated hepatic enzymes and after the 12th week of pregnancy treatment was changed to carbimazole (CBZ).,PTU,elevated hepatic enzymes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Successful treatment with carbimazole of a hyperthyroid pregnancy with hepatic impairment after propylthiouracil administration: a case report.,propylthiouracil,hepatic impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) may precipitate or exacerbate the occurrence of MPGN.,IFN-alpha,MPGN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) may precipitate or exacerbate the occurrence of MPGN.,Interferon-alpha,MPGN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Minimal change disease in a patient receiving IFN-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.,IFN-alpha,Minimal change disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
A 58-yr-old male patient with essential thrombocythaemia (ET) developed chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) after continuous uneventful treatment with hydroxyurea for 18 yr.,hydroxyurea,chronic myeloid leukaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [97]}}"
A 58-yr-old male patient with essential thrombocythaemia (ET) developed chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) after continuous uneventful treatment with hydroxyurea for 18 yr.,hydroxyurea,CML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Emergence of Philadelphia positive chronic myeloid leukaemia during treatment with hydroxyurea for Philadelphia negative essential thrombocythaemia.,hydroxyurea,Philadelphia positive chronic myeloid leukaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [60]}}"
There are no previous reports in the literature about the emergence of CML during treatment with hydroxyurea.,hydroxyurea,CML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"His fever resolved, but he developed symptoms consistent with those of chloroquine toxicity.",chloroquine,chloroquine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [91]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of severe chloroquine toxicity in the presence of high-grade chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax.,chloroquine,severe chloroquine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38, 89], 'end_char': [49, 100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Toxicity related to chloroquine treatment of resistant vivax malaria.,chloroquine,Toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
A 72-year-old woman with a history of thyrotoxicosis presented with sore throat and fever two weeks after starting carbimazole.,carbimazole,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [89]}}"
A 72-year-old woman with a history of thyrotoxicosis presented with sore throat and fever two weeks after starting carbimazole.,carbimazole,sore throat,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Treatment of carbimazole-induced agranulocytosis and sepsis with granulocyte colony stimulating factor.,carbimazole,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Treatment of carbimazole-induced agranulocytosis and sepsis with granulocyte colony stimulating factor.,carbimazole,sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [59]}}"
We present the management of agranulocytosis and neutropenic sepsis secondary to carbimazole with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).,carbimazole,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We present the management of agranulocytosis and neutropenic sepsis secondary to carbimazole with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).,carbimazole,neutropenic sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Comeoscleral perforation after pterygium excision and intraoperative mitomycin C.,mitomycin C,Comeoscleral perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"To the best of our knowledge, corneoscleral melting in the first postoperative week after a single intraoperative application of mitomycin C has not been reported.",mitomycin C,corneoscleral melting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"A 71-year-old man, who had a history of a previous bullous drug reaction to a sulfonamide, began receiving an ophthalmic preparation that contained sulfacetamide sodium.",sulfonamide,bullous drug reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"The patient received only the ophthalmic sulfonamide, and it was used for one day, but he developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome.",sulfonamide,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [124]}}"
The sulfonamides are the best verified drug-trigger for erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.,sulfonamides,erythema multiforme,"{'drug': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [75]}}"
The sulfonamides are the best verified drug-trigger for erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.,sulfonamides,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with diabetes insipidus secondary to lithium therapy and was treated successfully with amiloride.",lithium,diabetes insipidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.,lithium,lithium toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 121], 'end_char': [37, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.,lithium,nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 121], 'end_char': [37, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [180]}}"
Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.,lithium,nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 121], 'end_char': [37, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [180]}}"
Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.,lithium,polyuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 121], 'end_char': [37, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [145]}}"
Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.,lithium,polyuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 121], 'end_char': [37, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [145]}}"
Treatment of lithium-induced diabetes insipidus with amiloride.,lithium,diabetes insipidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Systemic capillary leak syndrome after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).,G-CSF,Systemic capillary leak syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Systemic capillary leak syndrome after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,Systemic capillary leak syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"We present two cases in which both patients suffered with CLS, which we believe was caused following administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, to our knowledge not described in the intensive care patient previously.",granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,CLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"FK506, which began to be administered 12 days earlier, rose to a level of 44 ng/mL (normal range, 10-20 ng/mL) 1 day before neurologic abnormalities began.",FK506,neurologic abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [148]}}"
Rapid identification of speech loss linked to FK506 may be important because reduction or cessation of the drug may be associated with reverse of speech loss.,FK506,speech loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24, 146], 'end_char': [35, 157]}}"
"Tacrolimus (FK506), an immunosuppressant, has been associated with mutism in adults after liver transplant.",FK506,mutism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"Tacrolimus (FK506), an immunosuppressant, has been associated with mutism in adults after liver transplant.",Tacrolimus,mutism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced mutism after liver transplant.,FK506,mutism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced mutism after liver transplant.,Tacrolimus,mutism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"Does the use of insulin in a patient with liver dysfunction increase water retention in the body, i.e. cause insulin oedema?",insulin,oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 109], 'end_char': [23, 116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"Soon after introduction of insulin therapy, she developed severe anasarca, including marked peripheral oedema, ascites and pleural effusion.",insulin,ascites,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"Soon after introduction of insulin therapy, she developed severe anasarca, including marked peripheral oedema, ascites and pleural effusion.",insulin,peripheral oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"Soon after introduction of insulin therapy, she developed severe anasarca, including marked peripheral oedema, ascites and pleural effusion.",insulin,pleural effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"Soon after introduction of insulin therapy, she developed severe anasarca, including marked peripheral oedema, ascites and pleural effusion.",insulin,severe anasarca,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"The induced hyperglycaemia could not be controlled sufficiently, despite a high dose of insulin (> 110 units/day), suggesting the existence of insulin insensitivity and hyperinsulinaemia.",insulin,hyperinsulinaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88, 143, 174], 'end_char': [95, 150, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"The induced hyperglycaemia could not be controlled sufficiently, despite a high dose of insulin (> 110 units/day), suggesting the existence of insulin insensitivity and hyperinsulinaemia.",insulin,insulin insensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88, 143, 174], 'end_char': [95, 150, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"We conjectured that the side effects of insulin, such as anti-natriuresis and increased vascular permeability, might be pronounced in the presence of the hepatic dysfunction that accompanies insulin insensitivity, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.",insulin,anti-natriuresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40, 191, 219], 'end_char': [47, 198, 226]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We conjectured that the side effects of insulin, such as anti-natriuresis and increased vascular permeability, might be pronounced in the presence of the hepatic dysfunction that accompanies insulin insensitivity, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.",insulin,hyperinsulinaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40, 191, 219], 'end_char': [47, 198, 226]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [214], 'end_char': [231]}}"
"We conjectured that the side effects of insulin, such as anti-natriuresis and increased vascular permeability, might be pronounced in the presence of the hepatic dysfunction that accompanies insulin insensitivity, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.",insulin,hypoalbuminaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40, 191, 219], 'end_char': [47, 198, 226]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [252]}}"
"We conjectured that the side effects of insulin, such as anti-natriuresis and increased vascular permeability, might be pronounced in the presence of the hepatic dysfunction that accompanies insulin insensitivity, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.",insulin,increased vascular permeability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40, 191, 219], 'end_char': [47, 198, 226]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"We conjectured that the side effects of insulin, such as anti-natriuresis and increased vascular permeability, might be pronounced in the presence of the hepatic dysfunction that accompanies insulin insensitivity, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.",insulin,insulin insensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40, 191, 219], 'end_char': [47, 198, 226]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [191], 'end_char': [212]}}"
"While 40 mg/day of prednisolone improved hepatic dysfunction dramatically, her diabetic milieu deteriorated seriously.",prednisolone,diabetic milieu deteriorated,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [107]}}"
Intrathecal methotrexate-induced acute cerebellar syndrome.,methotrexate,acute cerebellar syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [58]}}"
We describe a patient who developed acute cerebellar syndrome after prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate administration and recovered spontaneously.,methotrexate,acute cerebellar syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia following doxycycline administration.,doxycycline,Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [54]}}"
We report a case of AILD in an 80-year-old male who presented with a generalized pruritic maculopapular eruption and fever following doxycycline administration.,doxycycline,AILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [24]}}"
We report a case of AILD in an 80-year-old male who presented with a generalized pruritic maculopapular eruption and fever following doxycycline administration.,doxycycline,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [122]}}"
We report a case of AILD in an 80-year-old male who presented with a generalized pruritic maculopapular eruption and fever following doxycycline administration.,doxycycline,generalized pruritic maculopapular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Anaphylaxis from isoniazid is a possible side effect to this commonly prescribed antibiotic.,isoniazid,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Isoniazid-induced anaphylaxis.,Isoniazid,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"A case is reported in which severe hypocalcemia, with a low plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration, resulted from the therapeutic use of magnesium sulfate for toxemia of pregnancy.",magnesium sulfate,low plasma parathyroid hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"A case is reported in which severe hypocalcemia, with a low plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration, resulted from the therapeutic use of magnesium sulfate for toxemia of pregnancy.",magnesium sulfate,PTH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"A case is reported in which severe hypocalcemia, with a low plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration, resulted from the therapeutic use of magnesium sulfate for toxemia of pregnancy.",magnesium sulfate,severe hypocalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Carbamazepine-related hyponatremia following cardiopulmonary bypass.,Carbamazepine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}}"
We discuss the association between carbamazepine and hyponatremia and the causes of hyponatremia after cardiopulmonary bypass.,carbamazepine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53, 84], 'end_char': [65, 96]}}"
"After 5-ASA was discontinued, the polyneuropathy symptoms recovered gradually.",5-ASA,polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Sensorimotor polyneuropathy with 5-aminosalicylic acid: a case report.,5-aminosalicylic acid,Sensorimotor polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
This clinical course suggests that the sensorimotor polyneuropathy may have been caused by 5-ASA.,5-ASA,sensorimotor polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-aminosalicylic acid,atrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [132]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-ASA,atrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [132]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-aminosalicylic acid,gait disturbance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [218], 'end_char': [234]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-ASA,gait disturbance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [218], 'end_char': [234]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-aminosalicylic acid,weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-ASA,weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-aminosalicylic acid,worsening of the dysesthesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [201]}}"
"When SASP was changed to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), his skin eruptions were resolved, however, he developed weakness and atrophy in his right arm as well as progressive worsening of the dysesthesia in his legs and gait disturbance.",5-ASA,worsening of the dysesthesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [201]}}"
Disseminated cellulitic cryptococcosis in the setting of prednisone monotherapy for pemphigus vulgaris.,prednisone,Disseminated cellulitic cryptococcosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"In both cases, high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction and atypical lymphocytosis developed 3 weeks after initiating treatment with SASP.",SASP,atypical lymphocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"In both cases, high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction and atypical lymphocytosis developed 3 weeks after initiating treatment with SASP.",SASP,high fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"In both cases, high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction and atypical lymphocytosis developed 3 weeks after initiating treatment with SASP.",SASP,liver dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"In both cases, high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction and atypical lymphocytosis developed 3 weeks after initiating treatment with SASP.",SASP,skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Slow acetylator genotypes as a possible risk factor for infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome induced by salazosulfapyridine.,salazosulfapyridine,infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [94]}}"
We report two patients with infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome induced by salazosulfapyridine (SASP).,salazosulfapyridine,infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [66]}}"
We report two patients with infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome induced by salazosulfapyridine (SASP).,SASP,infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"A 45-year-old woman with steroid-dependent Crohn's colitis, successfully managed with maintenance infliximab infusions and methotrexate, developed a lupus-like syndrome eight months after her initial infusion.",infliximab,lupus-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [168]}}"
"A 45-year-old woman with steroid-dependent Crohn's colitis, successfully managed with maintenance infliximab infusions and methotrexate, developed a lupus-like syndrome eight months after her initial infusion.",methotrexate,lupus-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [168]}}"
A lupus-like syndrome associated with infliximab therapy.,infliximab,lupus-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [2], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Infliximab therapy may cause a lupus-like syndrome that is reversible upon discontinuing this agent.,Infliximab,lupus-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"We report in detail an unusual adverse reaction to infliximab therapy, a drug-induced lupus-like clinical syndrome.",infliximab,lupus-like clinical syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), hepatitis C, and interferon alpha (IFNalpha) have all been associated with renal dysfunction.",IFNalpha,renal dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), hepatitis C, and interferon alpha (IFNalpha) have all been associated with renal dysfunction.",interferon alpha,renal dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"Despite the underlying hepatitis C, this case represents renal abnormalities consistent with IFNalpha therapy for CML.",IFNalpha,renal abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Interferon-alpha-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia: a case report and review of the literature.,Interferon-alpha,focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"The renal biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, which has only been previously reported in two cases of CML treated with IFNalpha.",IFNalpha,focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia following rituximab therapy in a patient with a lymphoproliferative disorder.,rituximab,autoimmune hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"The pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown, although the drug could act through massive cytokines liberation after destruction of CD20 positive cells by rituximab.",rituximab,destruction of CD20 positive cells,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"The pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown, although the drug could act through massive cytokines liberation after destruction of CD20 positive cells by rituximab.",rituximab,massive cytokines liberation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"We report the first case, to our knowledge, of rituximab-related autoimmune hemolytic anemia.",rituximab,autoimmune hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [92]}}"
Early-onset acute transverse myelitis following hepatitis B vaccination and respiratory infection: case report.,hepatitis B vaccination,acute transverse myelitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"In this paper, we report a case of 3 years-old boy who developed acute onset tetraparesia following a viral respiratory infecction and hepatitis B vaccination.",hepatitis B vaccination,acute onset tetraparesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"Although it would be expected that, like other type IA toxicities, diphenhydramine-induced cardiotoxicity could be responsive to hypertonic sodium bicarbonate, this finding is largely unappreciated.",diphenhydramine,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Diphenhydramine-induced wide complex dysrhythmia responds to treatment with sodium bicarbonate.,Diphenhydramine,dysrhythmia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"However, because diphenhydramine also exhibits type IA sodium channel blockade, cardiac toxicity is also possible.",diphenhydramine,cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [96]}}"
We describe 3 cases of diphenhydramine-induced cardiac toxicity that were responsive to bicarbonate.,diphenhydramine,cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [63]}}"
We describe a patient with extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma who developed systemic candidiasis after treatment with a cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy regimen.,cyclophosphamide,systemic candidiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Stevens-Johnson syndrome in a boy with nephrotic syndrome during prednisolone therapy.,prednisolone,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"We report a case of SJS in a 14-year-old male with nephrotic syndrome, who was treated with oral prednisolone for 6 weeks.",prednisolone,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [23]}}"
A 25-year-old man with a history of mid-borderline (BB) Hansen's disease developing a reversal reaction after starting dapsone and rifampin therapy is presented.,dapsone,reversal reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [103]}}"
A 25-year-old man with a history of mid-borderline (BB) Hansen's disease developing a reversal reaction after starting dapsone and rifampin therapy is presented.,rifampin,reversal reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"However, in order to avoid neuropathic side effects, patients under thalidomide therapy should be monitored every 6 months with nerve conduction studies while taking the drug.",thalidomide,neuropathic side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"After a two-month interruption of interferon administration, natural interferon alpha was given but followed by another episode of the same neurological manifestations.",interferon alpha,neurological manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [167]}}"
"Case 1, a 62-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis with decreased sensation of vibration and increased deep tendon reflex in the lower extremities after a seven-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2a for chronic active hepatitis C.",recombinant interferon alpha-2a,bilateral optic neuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [218]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"Case 1, a 62-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis with decreased sensation of vibration and increased deep tendon reflex in the lower extremities after a seven-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2a for chronic active hepatitis C.",recombinant interferon alpha-2a,decreased sensation of vibration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [218]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Case 1, a 62-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis with decreased sensation of vibration and increased deep tendon reflex in the lower extremities after a seven-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2a for chronic active hepatitis C.",recombinant interferon alpha-2a,increased deep tendon reflex,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [218]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"Case 2, a 29-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis combined with numbness of the lower extremities as well as bowel and bladder dysfunction after a 22-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2b for chronic myelogenous leukemia.",recombinant interferon alpha-2b,bilateral optic neuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"Case 2, a 29-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis combined with numbness of the lower extremities as well as bowel and bladder dysfunction after a 22-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2b for chronic myelogenous leukemia.",recombinant interferon alpha-2b,bowel and bladder dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"Case 2, a 29-year-old woman, developed bilateral optic neuritis combined with numbness of the lower extremities as well as bowel and bladder dysfunction after a 22-month use of recombinant interferon alpha-2b for chronic myelogenous leukemia.",recombinant interferon alpha-2b,numbness of the lower extremities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Optic neuritis in combination with other neurological signs, simulating multiple sclerosis, should be included in the list of adverse effects of recombinant and natural interferon alpha administration.",interferon alpha,neurological signs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [182], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Optic neuritis in combination with other neurological signs, simulating multiple sclerosis, should be included in the list of adverse effects of recombinant and natural interferon alpha administration.",interferon alpha,Optic neuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [182], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Multiple sclerosis-like disease secondary to alpha interferon.,alpha interferon,Multiple sclerosis-like disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
PURPOSE: To describe bilateral optic neuritis that occurred as an adverse effect of recombinant and natural interferon alpha administration.,interferon alpha,bilateral optic neuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Acute abdomen due to endometriosis in a premenopausal woman taking tamoxifen.,tamoxifen,Acute abdomen,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Acute abdomen due to endometriosis in a premenopausal woman taking tamoxifen.,tamoxifen,endometriosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"We describe a premenopausal woman who, while having tamoxifen due to a diagnosis of in situ ductal carcinoma, developed endometriosis requiring surgery.",tamoxifen,endometriosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [133]}}"
A case report of fatal dapsone-induced agranulocytosis in an Indian mid-borderline leprosy patient.,dapsone,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"Fatal agranulocytosis in an Indian male receiving 100mg of dapsone daily, hospitalized for mid-borderline leprosy in type I reaction with triple nerve paralysis is reported.",dapsone,Fatal agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Various case reports concerning dapsone-induced agranulocytosis are reviewed.,dapsone,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Massive pulmonary embolism due to late-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: successful treatment with lepirudin.,heparin,Massive pulmonary embolism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Massive pulmonary embolism due to late-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: successful treatment with lepirudin.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Most cardiac surgical patients have had previous exposure to heparin for diagnostic or therapeutic interventions and hence have an increased susceptibility to developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) postoperatively.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61, 170], 'end_char': [68, 177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [202]}}"
Acute psychosis associated with levetiracetam.,levetiracetam,Acute psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"A twelve year-old-girl with idiopathic partial epilepsy with secondary generalization, developed acute psychosis 10 days after the administration of levetiracetam.",levetiracetam,acute psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [112]}}"
The psychotic behavior resolved completely soon after the discontinuation of levetiracetam.,levetiracetam,psychotic behavior,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"CASES: ""A"" was an 8-year-old boy with attention deficit and chronic tic disorder who developed obsessive-compulsive symptoms within 2 weeks of starting risperidone.",risperidone,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [163]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms suddenly emerged 10 days after starting risperidone and resolved within 3 days of discontinuation.,risperidone,Obsessive-compulsive symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Risperidone-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms in two children.,Risperidone,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes, an undesired effect of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor therapy in a patient with Hurler's syndrome undergoing bone marrow transplantation.",granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor,Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Possible heart failure exacerbation associated with rosiglitazone: case report and literature review.,rosiglitazone,heart failure exacerbation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Enoxaparin-induced generalized exanthem.,Enoxaparin,generalized exanthem,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Only one case of a generalized maculopapular rash with enoxaparin has been reported in Europe.,enoxaparin,generalized maculopapular rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the English literature of a generalized exanthem due to subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin.",enoxaparin,generalized exanthem,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,aggression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,hyperactivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,irritability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,property destruction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"Behavioral side effects associated with clonazepam may include agitation, aggression, hyperactivity, irritability, property destruction, and temper tantrums.",clonazepam,temper tantrums,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"This report describes an individual with mental retardation who experienced behavioral exacerbation associated with clonazepam prescribed at 2 mg/day (0.02 mg/kg/day) to treat aggression, self-injurious behavior, property destruction, and screaming, which was measured with a 15-minute partial interval recording measurement method.",clonazepam,behavioral exacerbation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [99]}}"
Cefuroxime-induced immune hemolysis.,Cefuroxime,immune hemolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We report the first case of IHA associated with cefuroxime administration.,cefuroxime,IHA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"After 39 hours on argatroban, the infusion was stopped when minor bleeding was observed with a concurrent activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 100 seconds.",argatroban,bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Argatroban for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in hepato-renal failure and CVVHD.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Argatroban is hepatically cleared and may be the preferred direct thrombin inhibitor in the presence of significant renal impairment, but conversely has prolonged effects in hepatic failure.",Argatroban,hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [189]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of significant hepatic and renal failure with the use of argatroban in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) requiring continuous veno-veno hemodialysis (CVVHD).,argatroban,hepatic and renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [68]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of significant hepatic and renal failure with the use of argatroban in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) requiring continuous veno-veno hemodialysis (CVVHD).,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [146]}}"
Schneiderian first-rank symptoms associated with fluvoxamine treatment: a case report.,fluvoxamine,Schneiderian first-rank symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"The patient, a 28-year-old man suffering from panic disorder, developed several first-rank symptoms during fluvoxamine administration.",fluvoxamine,first-rank symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [99]}}"
This communication describes a patient who developed Schneiderian first-rank symptoms in the course of treatment with fluvoxamine.,fluvoxamine,Schneiderian first-rank symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [85]}}"
This finding suggests that fluvoxamine can precipitate Schneiderian first-rank symptoms in some susceptible patients.,fluvoxamine,Schneiderian first-rank symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [87]}}"
We present a surprising case of a woman schizophrenic patient treated with clozapine suffering from EPS.,clozapine,EPS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [103]}}"
Hyperpigmentation during interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.,interferon-alpha,Hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
These skin lesions may be induced or worsened during antiviral therapy with interferon-alpha (IFN).,IFN,skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [18]}}"
These skin lesions may be induced or worsened during antiviral therapy with interferon-alpha (IFN).,interferon-alpha,skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [18]}}"
We describe two dark-skinned patients who developed hyperpigmented skin and tongue lesions during combination therapy with IFN and ribavirin.,IFN,hyperpigmented skin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [71]}}"
We describe two dark-skinned patients who developed hyperpigmented skin and tongue lesions during combination therapy with IFN and ribavirin.,ribavirin,hyperpigmented skin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [71]}}"
We describe two dark-skinned patients who developed hyperpigmented skin and tongue lesions during combination therapy with IFN and ribavirin.,IFN,tongue lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [90]}}"
We describe two dark-skinned patients who developed hyperpigmented skin and tongue lesions during combination therapy with IFN and ribavirin.,ribavirin,tongue lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [90]}}"
It is concluded that simultaneous administration of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin may cause marked thrombocytosis.,ciprofloxacin,thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [125]}}"
It is concluded that simultaneous administration of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin may cause marked thrombocytosis.,piperacillin,thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [125]}}"
It is concluded that simultaneous administration of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin may cause marked thrombocytosis.,tazobactam,thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [125]}}"
"Since the thrombocyte count started to increase immediately after initiation and dropped immediately after discontinuation of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin and all other drugs were discontinued already before or were started after the nadir of the thrombocyte count, these two antibiotics were regarded causative.",ciprofloxacin,thrombocyte count started to increase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Since the thrombocyte count started to increase immediately after initiation and dropped immediately after discontinuation of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin and all other drugs were discontinued already before or were started after the nadir of the thrombocyte count, these two antibiotics were regarded causative.",piperacillin,thrombocyte count started to increase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Since the thrombocyte count started to increase immediately after initiation and dropped immediately after discontinuation of ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin and all other drugs were discontinued already before or were started after the nadir of the thrombocyte count, these two antibiotics were regarded causative.",tazobactam,thrombocyte count started to increase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Thrombocytosis under ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin.,ciprofloxacin,Thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Thrombocytosis under ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin.,piperacillin,Thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Thrombocytosis under ciprofloxacin and tazobactam/piperacillin.,tazobactam,Thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Anaphylaxis after the injection of chymopapain occurs in about 1% of such cases.,chymopapain,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Both patients suddenly became hypotensive after injection of chymopapain into a disk.,chymopapain,hypotensive,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [41]}}"
Lethargy in a newborn: lithium toxicity or lab error?,lithium,Lethargy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
Lethargy in a newborn: lithium toxicity or lab error?,lithium,lithium toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [39]}}"
The newborn manifested a four day course of lethargy with unexplained high lithium levels in the adult toxic range.,lithium,lethargy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",carbamazepine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",CBZ,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",Tegretol,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",carbamazepine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",CBZ,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",Tegretol,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",carbamazepine,positive anti-nuclear antibody,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",CBZ,positive anti-nuclear antibody,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",Tegretol,positive anti-nuclear antibody,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [139]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",carbamazepine,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",CBZ,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",Tegretol,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",carbamazepine,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",CBZ,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"A 14-year-old female developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms, rash, fever, leukopenia and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) two weeks after administration of carbamazepine (CBZ; Tegretol) used against benign Rolandic epilepsy.",Tegretol,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [208]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
Carbamazepine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease.,Carbamazepine,systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [63]}}"
The cases of CBZ-induced SLE reported in the literature were reviewed.,CBZ,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"After four months, while receiving RH, he developed painful bilateral gynaecomastia.",RH,bilateral gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Gynaecomastia is a rarely reported adverse drug reaction due to isoniazid therapy.,isoniazid,Gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Isoniazid associated, painful, bilateral gynaecomastia.",Isoniazid,bilateral gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,HAT,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,HAT,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,recurrent arteriothromboses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,recurrent arteriothromboses,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"A patient suffering from heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT), recurrent arteriothromboses, and acute renal failure after treatment with standard heparin is described.",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 151], 'end_char': [32, 158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"By means of the in vitro heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) assay it was shown that standard heparin and the LMW heparins Fragmin and Fraxiparin (Sanofi Labaz, Munich, FRG), as well as the enoxaparine Clexane (Nattermann, Cologne, FRG), all induced platelet activation with the patient's serum.",Clexane,platelet activation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 257], 'end_char': [60, 276]}}"
"By means of the in vitro heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) assay it was shown that standard heparin and the LMW heparins Fragmin and Fraxiparin (Sanofi Labaz, Munich, FRG), as well as the enoxaparine Clexane (Nattermann, Cologne, FRG), all induced platelet activation with the patient's serum.",Fragmin,platelet activation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 257], 'end_char': [60, 276]}}"
"By means of the in vitro heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) assay it was shown that standard heparin and the LMW heparins Fragmin and Fraxiparin (Sanofi Labaz, Munich, FRG), as well as the enoxaparine Clexane (Nattermann, Cologne, FRG), all induced platelet activation with the patient's serum.",Fraxiparin,platelet activation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 257], 'end_char': [60, 276]}}"
"By means of the in vitro heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) assay it was shown that standard heparin and the LMW heparins Fragmin and Fraxiparin (Sanofi Labaz, Munich, FRG), as well as the enoxaparine Clexane (Nattermann, Cologne, FRG), all induced platelet activation with the patient's serum.",heparin,platelet activation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 101, 121], 'end_char': [32, 108, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 257], 'end_char': [60, 276]}}"
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: successful therapy with the heparinoid Org 10172 in a patient showing cross-reaction to LMW heparins.,Heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Hemodynamic collapse following labetalol administration in preeclampsia.,labetalol,Hemodynamic collapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"A patient with Parkinson's disease, initially treated with bromocriptine and subsequently with cabergoline, developed progressive pleuropulmonary abnormalities during the latter therapy.",bromocriptine,pleuropulmonary abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [159]}}"
"A patient with Parkinson's disease, initially treated with bromocriptine and subsequently with cabergoline, developed progressive pleuropulmonary abnormalities during the latter therapy.",cabergoline,pleuropulmonary abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [159]}}"
"Pleuropulmonary changes during treatment of Parkinson's disease with a long-acting ergot derivative, cabergoline.",cabergoline,Pleuropulmonary changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Thus cabergoline may cause similar pleuropulmonary abnormalities to bromocriptine.,bromocriptine,pleuropulmonary abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Thus cabergoline may cause similar pleuropulmonary abnormalities to bromocriptine.,cabergoline,pleuropulmonary abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Acute myopathy with selective degeneration of myosin filaments following status asthmaticus treated with methylprednisolone and vecuronium.,methylprednisolone,Acute myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Acute myopathy with selective degeneration of myosin filaments following status asthmaticus treated with methylprednisolone and vecuronium.,vecuronium,Acute myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Acute myopathy with selective degeneration of myosin filaments following status asthmaticus treated with methylprednisolone and vecuronium.,methylprednisolone,degeneration of myosin filaments,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Acute myopathy with selective degeneration of myosin filaments following status asthmaticus treated with methylprednisolone and vecuronium.,vecuronium,degeneration of myosin filaments,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Flaccid quadriparesis was noted after discontinuation of vecuronium.,vecuronium,Flaccid quadriparesis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"This entity is probably related to a combination of high doses of corticosteroids, vecuronium administration and metabolic abnormalities associated with respiratory failure.",vecuronium,respiratory failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [172]}}"
"A patient with ulcerative colitis developed skin pigmentation and diffuse pulmonary shadowing without respiratory symptomatology, while taking sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,diffuse pulmonary shadowing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"A patient with ulcerative colitis developed skin pigmentation and diffuse pulmonary shadowing without respiratory symptomatology, while taking sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,skin pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Pulmonary infiltrates and skin pigmentation associated with sulfasalazine.,sulfasalazine,Pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Pulmonary infiltrates and skin pigmentation associated with sulfasalazine.,sulfasalazine,skin pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"Sulfasalazine-induced lung disorder is an extremely rare entity which must be considered in all ulcerative colitis patients while on sulfasalazine therapy, despite the absence of pulmonary symptomatology.",Sulfasalazine,lung disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"Sulfasalazine-induced lung disorder is an extremely rare entity which must be considered in all ulcerative colitis patients while on sulfasalazine therapy, despite the absence of pulmonary symptomatology.",Sulfasalazine,ulcerative colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"Sulfasalazine-induced lung disorder is an extremely rare entity which must be considered in all ulcerative colitis patients while on sulfasalazine therapy, despite the absence of pulmonary symptomatology.",sulfasalazine,ulcerative colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [114]}}"
Reversible sclerotic changes of lumbar spine and femur due to long-term oral isotretinoin therapy.,isotretinoin,sclerotic changes of lumbar spine and femur,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"Although an association between exposure to bleomycin and the development of scleroderma has been suspected, few cases are reported.",bleomycin,scleroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Our series of 3 patients supports a causal connection between bleomycin and scleroderma.,bleomycin,scleroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Scleroderma in association with the use of bleomycin: a report of 3 cases.,bleomycin,Scleroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
We describe the development of cutaneous scleroderma in 3 patients coincident with the use of bleomycin in low cumulative doses of less than 100 U.,bleomycin,cutaneous scleroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [52]}}"
A patient presented with dilated cardiomyopathy after many years of overusing an adrenaline inhaler.,adrenaline,dilated cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Dilated cardiomyopathy associated with chronic overuse of an adrenaline inhaler.,adrenaline,Dilated cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"A 21-year-old woman suffering from bipolar affective disorder developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with characteristic laboratory findings, 18 months after starting carbamazepine maintenance treatment.",carbamazepine,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"A 21-year-old woman suffering from bipolar affective disorder developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with characteristic laboratory findings, 18 months after starting carbamazepine maintenance treatment.",carbamazepine,systemic lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"Although both the spontaneous occurrence of SLE and the psychosis as a sign of CNS involvement of SLE cannot be excluded, SLE could be considered as an adverse effect of carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44, 98, 122], 'end_char': [47, 101, 125]}}"
"Although both the spontaneous occurrence of SLE and the psychosis as a sign of CNS involvement of SLE cannot be excluded, SLE could be considered as an adverse effect of carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44, 98, 122], 'end_char': [47, 101, 125]}}"
"Although both the spontaneous occurrence of SLE and the psychosis as a sign of CNS involvement of SLE cannot be excluded, SLE could be considered as an adverse effect of carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [183]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44, 98, 122], 'end_char': [47, 101, 125]}}"
Carbamazepine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.,Carbamazepine,systemic lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [50]}}"
SLE receded after withdrawal of carbamazepine and treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs.,carbamazepine,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [3]}}"
We report a case of acne fulminans occurring during treatment with 13-cis-retinoic acid for cystic acne.,13-cis-retinoic acid,acne fulminans,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Carbamyl phosphate synthetase-1 deficiency discovered after valproic acid-induced coma.,valproic acid,coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Valproic acid induced coma is presented in an adult patient without a history of metabolic disease.,Valproic acid,coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Asterixis induced by carbamazepine therapy.,carbamazepine,Asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"In this report we present four patients treated with a combination of different psychotropic drugs, in whom asterixis was triggered either by adding carbamazepine (CBZ) to a treatment regimen, or by increasing its dosage.",carbamazepine,asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [162]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"In this report we present four patients treated with a combination of different psychotropic drugs, in whom asterixis was triggered either by adding carbamazepine (CBZ) to a treatment regimen, or by increasing its dosage.",CBZ,asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",CBZ,asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",clozapine,asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",lithium,asterixis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",CBZ,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",clozapine,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"We consider asterixis to be an easily overlooked sign of neurotoxicity, which may occur even at low or moderate dosage levels, if certain drugs as lithium or clozapine are used in combination with CBZ.",lithium,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Encephalopathy and seizures induced by intravesical alum irrigations.,alum,Encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Encephalopathy and seizures induced by intravesical alum irrigations.,alum,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Hemorrhagic cystitis is a significant toxic effect of cyclophosphamide therapy.,cyclophosphamide,Hemorrhagic cystitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
We report four cases of encephalopathy coincident with elevated aluminum levels as well as one patient who developed seizures while receiving continuous bladder irrigations with alum.,alum,elevated aluminum levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 178], 'end_char': [68, 182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [79]}}"
We report four cases of encephalopathy coincident with elevated aluminum levels as well as one patient who developed seizures while receiving continuous bladder irrigations with alum.,alum,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 178], 'end_char': [68, 182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}}"
We report four cases of encephalopathy coincident with elevated aluminum levels as well as one patient who developed seizures while receiving continuous bladder irrigations with alum.,alum,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 178], 'end_char': [68, 182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [125]}}"
Seizure with hyponatremia in a child prescribed desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis.,desmopressin,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Seizure with hyponatremia in a child prescribed desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis.,desmopressin,Seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
We report a case of hyponatremia associated with a grand mal seizure in a 28 month-old child after intra-nasal desmopressin administration for high fluid intake with nocturnal enuresis.,desmopressin,grand mal seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [68]}}"
We report a case of hyponatremia associated with a grand mal seizure in a 28 month-old child after intra-nasal desmopressin administration for high fluid intake with nocturnal enuresis.,desmopressin,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [32]}}"
This case report describes a 38-year-old male in whom SIADH was strongly suspected secondary to Tegretol therapy to control a seizure disorder.,Tegretol,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"Gestational diabetes was no less severe (degree of hyperglycaemia, need for insulin therapy) when associated with norethisterone.",norethisterone,Gestational diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"However, follow-up revealed that gestational diabetes when associated with norethisterone had a lesser risk of emerging diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.",norethisterone,diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"However, follow-up revealed that gestational diabetes when associated with norethisterone had a lesser risk of emerging diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.",norethisterone,gestational diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"However, follow-up revealed that gestational diabetes when associated with norethisterone had a lesser risk of emerging diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.",norethisterone,impaired glucose tolerance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [168]}}"
"In a single practice during the 21 years 1971-1991, the incidence of gestational diabetes in pregnancies in which norethisterone was prescribed was 32.4% (22 of 69) in comparison with 7.1% in pregnancies in which the women did not take norethisterone (137 of 1,684) (p < 0.001).",norethisterone,gestational diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114, 236], 'end_char': [128, 250]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Masculinization of a female fetus occurred in 5 of 39 (12.8%) exposed to norethisterone; all were cases of clitoral hypertrophy not requiring surgical treatment.,norethisterone,clitoral hypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [127]}}"
Masculinization of a female fetus occurred in 5 of 39 (12.8%) exposed to norethisterone; all were cases of clitoral hypertrophy not requiring surgical treatment.,norethisterone,Masculinization of a female fetus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"Norethisterone in these 69 pregnancies accounted for 33.3% (5 of 15) cases of clitoral hypertrophy diagnosed in 100,756 consecutive births.",Norethisterone,clitoral hypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [98]}}"
An adverse reaction to IFN was strongly suspected as the cause of CHF.,IFN,CHF,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Multiple myeloma complicated by congestive heart failure following first administration of recombinant alpha-interferon.,recombinant alpha-interferon,congestive heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Sixteen hours after the first administration of IFN, IFN was suspended by the symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF).",IFN,CHF,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48, 53], 'end_char': [51, 56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"Sixteen hours after the first administration of IFN, IFN was suspended by the symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF).",IFN,congestive heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48, 53], 'end_char': [51, 56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [114]}}"
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis mimicking cutaneous vasculitis in a lupus patient: a complication of cyclophosphamide.,cyclophosphamide,Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
We report a case of NEH masquerading as cutaneous vasculitis in a woman receiving cyclophosphamide for lupus nephritis.,cyclophosphamide,NEH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Generalised cutaneous rash associated with ganciclovir therapy has rarely been reported in literature.,ganciclovir,Generalised cutaneous rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Skin rash and splinter hemorrhages from ganciclovir.,ganciclovir,Skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Skin rash and splinter hemorrhages from ganciclovir.,ganciclovir,splinter hemorrhages,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Can roxithromycin and betamethasone induce acute pancreatitis? A case report.,betamethasone,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Can roxithromycin and betamethasone induce acute pancreatitis? A case report.,roxithromycin,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 58 year old patient who, after 2 days of treatment with roxithromycin and betamethasone, manifested acute pancreatitis.",betamethasone,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 58 year old patient who, after 2 days of treatment with roxithromycin and betamethasone, manifested acute pancreatitis.",roxithromycin,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [155]}}"
Renal tubular acidosis secondary to FK506 in living donor liver transplantation: a case report.,FK506,Renal tubular acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"RTA is one type of nephrotoxicity induced by FK506, and it is reversible in mild cases when appropriately treated.",FK506,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"RTA is one type of nephrotoxicity induced by FK506, and it is reversible in mild cases when appropriately treated.",FK506,RTA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [3]}}"
Surgeons and physicians should therefore be aware of the potential for RTA to occur with FK506 after any organ transplantation.,FK506,RTA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [74]}}"
The mechanism of RTA induced by FK506 has not yet been clearly elucidated.,FK506,RTA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"The treatment for acidosis and hyperkalaemia should be started as soon as RTA is diagnosed, and the dosage of FK506 should also be reduced if possible.",FK506,RTA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [77]}}"
We report a case of RTA secondary to FK506 administration in liver transplantation.,FK506,RTA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [23]}}"
A 74-year-old patient with idiopathic Parkinson's disease was evaluated for unintended sleep episodes that occurred after long-term treatment with 400 mg/day of L-dopa.,L-dopa,unintended sleep episodes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [101]}}"
L-DOPA-induced excessive daytime sleepiness in PD: a placebo-controlled case with MSLT assessment.,L-DOPA,daytime sleepiness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [43]}}"
The authors' results suggest that L-dopa may cause daytime somnolence in some patients with Parkinson's disease.,L-dopa,daytime somnolence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Neurotoxicity of intrathecal methotrexate: MR imaging findings.,methotrexate,Neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We attribute the clinical and radiographic findings to cytotoxic edema secondary to intrathecal methotrexate.,methotrexate,cytotoxic edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [70]}}"
We report a case of intrathecal methotrexate neurotoxicity manifesting as left arm weakness and aphasia.,methotrexate,aphasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [103]}}"
We report a case of intrathecal methotrexate neurotoxicity manifesting as left arm weakness and aphasia.,methotrexate,left arm weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [91]}}"
We report a case of intrathecal methotrexate neurotoxicity manifesting as left arm weakness and aphasia.,methotrexate,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"In this article lithium is not discussed, although there are a number of concerns about lithium's potential teratogenicity, and it has been implicated in Epstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect among infants born to women taking lithium; as with other medications, however, the data have specific limitations.",lithium,Epstein's anomaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 88, 234], 'end_char': [23, 95, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [171]}}"
"In this article lithium is not discussed, although there are a number of concerns about lithium's potential teratogenicity, and it has been implicated in Epstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect among infants born to women taking lithium; as with other medications, however, the data have specific limitations.",lithium,Epstein's anomaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 88, 234], 'end_char': [23, 95, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [171]}}"
"In this article lithium is not discussed, although there are a number of concerns about lithium's potential teratogenicity, and it has been implicated in Epstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect among infants born to women taking lithium; as with other medications, however, the data have specific limitations.",lithium,teratogenicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 88, 234], 'end_char': [23, 95, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [122]}}"
"In this article lithium is not discussed, although there are a number of concerns about lithium's potential teratogenicity, and it has been implicated in Epstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect among infants born to women taking lithium; as with other medications, however, the data have specific limitations.",lithium,teratogenicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 88, 234], 'end_char': [23, 95, 241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [122]}}"
"We present a case of a 20-year-old woman who ingested 900 mg of glyburide causing refractory hypoglycemia resistant to treatment with intravenous dextrose, glucagon, and diazoxide.",glyburide,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Ocular ethambutol toxicity.,ethambutol,Ocular ethambutol toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"The most commonly recognized toxic effect of ethambutol is optic neuropathy, which generally is considered uncommon and reversible in medical literature.",ethambutol,optic neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [75]}}"
This case and a review of the literature show the severe and unpredictable nature of ethambutol toxicity and its potential for irreversible vision loss despite careful ophthalmologic monitoring.,ethambutol,ethambutol toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [104]}}"
This case and a review of the literature show the severe and unpredictable nature of ethambutol toxicity and its potential for irreversible vision loss despite careful ophthalmologic monitoring.,ethambutol,vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [151]}}"
We describe a 43-year-old man who developed signs and symptoms of bilateral optic neuropathy during treatment with ethambutol.,ethambutol,bilateral optic neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"The case history and toxicological findings of an infant fatality involving pseudoephedrine, brompheniramine, and dextromethorphan are presented.",brompheniramine,fatality,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"The case history and toxicological findings of an infant fatality involving pseudoephedrine, brompheniramine, and dextromethorphan are presented.",dextromethorphan,fatality,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"The case history and toxicological findings of an infant fatality involving pseudoephedrine, brompheniramine, and dextromethorphan are presented.",pseudoephedrine,fatality,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Early overanticoagulation with acenocoumarol due to a genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 CYP2C9.,acenocoumarol,overanticoagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [25]}}"
We report the case of a young healthy woman who presented an early overanticoagulation when receiving acenocoumarol for a first thromboembolic episode.,acenocoumarol,overanticoagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Colchicine-induced myopathy in a teenager with familial Mediterranean fever.,Colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [27]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Colchicine-induced myopathy should be excluded in patients with FMF who present with generalized muscle weakness.,Colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Colchicine, the most important drug in treatment of FMF, can cause myopathy in patients with impaired renal and hepatic function.",Colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [87]}}"
"In our patient, an objective causality scale showed that therapeutic doses of colchicine for FMF were the definite cause of myopathy, even though his renal and hepatic function were normal.",colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [132]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of colchicine-induced myopathy in a teenager with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).,colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Angioedema and dysphagia caused by contact allergy to inhaled budesonide.,budesonide,Angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Angioedema and dysphagia caused by contact allergy to inhaled budesonide.,budesonide,dysphagia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",Budefat,dysphagia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",budesonide,dysphagia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",Budefat,sore throat,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",budesonide,sore throat,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",Budefat,swelling of the lips and oral cavity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.",budesonide,swelling of the lips and oral cavity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Infectious toxicity of dexamethasone during all remission-induction chemotherapy: report of two cases and literature review.,dexamethasone,Infectious toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
We describe the infectious toxicities experienced by the first two patients in our institution treated with dexamethasone (10 mg/m(2)/day for 4 weeks with gradual tapering) during induction according to the dexamethasone arm of BFM 2000 and review the relevant literature that suggests an increased risk of infectious complications with dexamethasone.,dexamethasone,infectious complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108, 207, 337], 'end_char': [121, 220, 350]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [307], 'end_char': [331]}}"
We describe the infectious toxicities experienced by the first two patients in our institution treated with dexamethasone (10 mg/m(2)/day for 4 weeks with gradual tapering) during induction according to the dexamethasone arm of BFM 2000 and review the relevant literature that suggests an increased risk of infectious complications with dexamethasone.,dexamethasone,infectious toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108, 207, 337], 'end_char': [121, 220, 350]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [37]}}"
We describe a patient who developed NEH on three separate occasions provoked by two different chemotherapeutic agents--cytarabine and mitoxantrone.,cytarabine,NEH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [39]}}"
We describe a patient who developed NEH on three separate occasions provoked by two different chemotherapeutic agents--cytarabine and mitoxantrone.,mitoxantrone,NEH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A diagnosis of infliximab-induced lupus was made and the drug treatment was withdrawn.,infliximab,lupus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Infliximab-induced lupus in Crohn's disease: a case report.,Infliximab,lupus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"This is the first case, to our knowledge, of onset of prolonged infliximab-induced lupus.",infliximab,lupus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"Treatment with infliximab is known to produce an increase of autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA), but not clinical disease.",infliximab,anti-double-stranded DNA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [125]}}"
"Treatment with infliximab is known to produce an increase of autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA), but not clinical disease.",infliximab,antinuclear antibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"Treatment with infliximab is known to produce an increase of autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA), but not clinical disease.",infliximab,increase of autoantibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Severe Raynaud's phenomenon with yohimbine therapy for erectile dysfunction.,yohimbine,Severe Raynaud's phenomenon,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"We describe a patient with CREST syndrome (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia) who paradoxically experienced worsening of Raynaud's phenomenon when using yohimbine for ED.",yohimbine,worsening of Raynaud's phenomenon,"{'drug': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"After initiation of topical vitamin D3 ointment (20 micro g/g of tacalcitol) 10 g/day for the skin lesions, both the serum level of calcium and urinary excretion of calcium increased gradually.",vitamin D3,serum level of calcium and urinary excretion of calcium increased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [182]}}"
"Iatrogenic hypercalcemia due to vitamin D3 ointment (1,24(OH)2D3) combined with thiazide diuretics in a case of psoriasis.","1,24(OH)2D3",hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Iatrogenic hypercalcemia due to vitamin D3 ointment (1,24(OH)2D3) combined with thiazide diuretics in a case of psoriasis.",thiazide,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Iatrogenic hypercalcemia due to vitamin D3 ointment (1,24(OH)2D3) combined with thiazide diuretics in a case of psoriasis.",vitamin D3,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The present case is the first report of hypercalcemia induced by vitamin D3 ointment and thiazide simultaneously.,thiazide,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}}"
The present case is the first report of hypercalcemia induced by vitamin D3 ointment and thiazide simultaneously.,vitamin D3,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"We experienced a male patient with psoriasis and hypertension whose conditions were treated with tacalcitol ointment and thiazide, respectively, resulting in hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia.",tacalcitol,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"We experienced a male patient with psoriasis and hypertension whose conditions were treated with tacalcitol ointment and thiazide, respectively, resulting in hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia.",thiazide,hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"We experienced a male patient with psoriasis and hypertension whose conditions were treated with tacalcitol ointment and thiazide, respectively, resulting in hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia.",tacalcitol,hypercalciuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [172]}}"
"We experienced a male patient with psoriasis and hypertension whose conditions were treated with tacalcitol ointment and thiazide, respectively, resulting in hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia.",thiazide,hypercalciuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [172]}}"
2-CdA typically causes a long-lasting state of immunodeficiency and the profound influence of this drug on the immune system has raised questions concerning the emergence of secondary neoplasms after its use.,2-CdA,immunodeficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [63]}}"
2-CdA typically causes a long-lasting state of immunodeficiency and the profound influence of this drug on the immune system has raised questions concerning the emergence of secondary neoplasms after its use.,2-CdA,secondary neoplasms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [193]}}"
2-Chloro-deoxyadenosine induces durable complete remission in Castleman's disease but may accelerate its transformation to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.,2-Chloro-deoxyadenosine,non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that: 1) 2-CdA can induce durable complete remission in MCD patients but unfortunately it cannot cure the disease; 2) the possibility that 2-CdA may accelerate the transformation of MCD to NHL cannot be ruled out.",2-CdA,transformation of MCD to NHL,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49, 179], 'end_char': [54, 184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [232]}}"
"Since this amount of FAB was insufficient to bind all DGTX present in the serum, cardiac DGTX toxicity (total AV-block) persisted.",DGTX,cardiac DGTX toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 89], 'end_char': [58, 93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [102]}}"
"Since this amount of FAB was insufficient to bind all DGTX present in the serum, cardiac DGTX toxicity (total AV-block) persisted.",DGTX,total AV-block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 89], 'end_char': [58, 93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [118]}}"
All patients had taken phenytoin for variable time periods (range 16-80 days; mean: 40) and were on the medication when the skin lesions first appeared.,phenytoin,skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [136]}}"
Erythema multiforme associated with phenytoin and cranial radiation therapy: a report of three patients and review of the literature.,phenytoin,Erythema multiforme,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"In conclusion, RSDS is a relevant osteoarticular complication in patients receiving either anticalcineurinic drug (CyA or tacrolimus), even under monotherapy or with a low steroid dose.",CyA,RSDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"In conclusion, RSDS is a relevant osteoarticular complication in patients receiving either anticalcineurinic drug (CyA or tacrolimus), even under monotherapy or with a low steroid dose.",tacrolimus,RSDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in renal transplanted patients under immunosuppression with tacrolimus.,tacrolimus,Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [37]}}"
We now present four cases of RSDS in kidney transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus.,tacrolimus,RSDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate may be associated with ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma.",Topiramate,acute myopia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [182]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate may be associated with ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma.",Topiramate,angle-closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate may be associated with ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma.",Topiramate,anterior chamber shallowing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate may be associated with ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma.",Topiramate,ciliochoroidal effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate may be associated with ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma.",Topiramate,displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [123]}}"
Mechanism of topiramate-induced acute-onset myopia and angle closure glaucoma.,topiramate,acute-onset myopia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Mechanism of topiramate-induced acute-onset myopia and angle closure glaucoma.,topiramate,angle closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [77]}}"
"METHODS: In an institutional practice setting, two women, aged 25 and 45, developed acute myopia after starting topiramate for epilepsy.",topiramate,acute myopia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}}"
Doxycycline-induced photo-onycholysis.,Doxycycline,photo-onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}}"
We present a case of photo-onycholysis in a patient treated with doxycycline for acne vulgaris.,doxycycline,photo-onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [38]}}"
A new type of minocycline-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation.,minocycline,cutaneous hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"Pigmentary disorders are recognized adverse effects of the semi-synthetic tetracycline derivative antibiotic, minocycline.",minocycline,Pigmentary disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"This fourth type of cutaneous minocycline hyperpigmentation may be a variant of Type I, but based on clinical, pathological and microanalytical differences, appears to be a new entity.",minocycline,hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Three distinct types of minocycline-induced cutaneous pigmentation have been described.,minocycline,cutaneous pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [66]}}"
We report two patients with acne vulgaris with a fourth type of minocycline-induced cutaneous pigmentation.,minocycline,cutaneous pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Ciprofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.,Ciprofloxacin,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [48]}}"
We report here a case of TEN after administration of ciprofloxacin.,ciprofloxacin,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [28]}}"
A 56-year-old Caucasian man who received concomitant chemotherapy and radiation for head and neck cancer developed fever concurrent with the administration of amifostine.,amifostine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [120]}}"
Amifostine-induced fever: case report and review of the literature.,Amifostine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Patients receiving amifostine who develop only fever should be evaluated for an adverse drug reaction, as well as for sepsis and fevers of neutropenia, and it may be necessary to discontinue the drug.",amifostine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47, 129], 'end_char': [52, 134]}}"
"Patients receiving amifostine who develop only fever should be evaluated for an adverse drug reaction, as well as for sepsis and fevers of neutropenia, and it may be necessary to discontinue the drug.",amifostine,fevers of neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Patients receiving amifostine who develop only fever should be evaluated for an adverse drug reaction, as well as for sepsis and fevers of neutropenia, and it may be necessary to discontinue the drug.",amifostine,sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first case report that demonstrates the occurrence of fever with low-dose amifostine therapy without the manifestation of accompanying rash or hypotension.",amifostine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Acute interstitial nephritis due to pantoprazole.,pantoprazole,Acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"After 5 weeks of therapy, she stopped taking pantoprazole due to general malaise.",pantoprazole,general malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To describe what is believed, as of November 4, 2003, to be the first case published in the literature of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) due to pantoprazole.",pantoprazole,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [145]}}"
The Naranjo probability scale suggests a highly probable relationship between AIN and pantoprazole therapy in this patient.,pantoprazole,AIN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [81]}}"
There have been several reported cases of omeprazole-induced AIN.,omeprazole,AIN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"It was highly suspected that finasteride was associated with the anterior subcapsular opacity on the lens, and the patient therefore discontinued use of finasteride.",finasteride,anterior subcapsular opacity on the lens,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29, 153], 'end_char': [40, 164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"It was highly suspected that finasteride was associated with the anterior subcapsular opacity on the lens, and the patient therefore discontinued use of finasteride.",finasteride,anterior subcapsular opacity on the lens,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29, 153], 'end_char': [40, 164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Propecia-associated bilateral cataract.,Propecia,bilateral cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of Propecia-associated cataract.",Propecia,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Scleromyxedema in a patient with multiple sclerosis and monoclonal gammopathy on interferon beta-1a.,interferon beta-1a,Scleromyxedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
CASE SUMMARY: Two children with attention deficit disorder treated with methylphenidate as a simple drug developed fixed drug eruption of the scrotum.,methylphenidate,fixed drug eruption of the scrotum,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [149]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Fixed drug rash induced by methylphenidate is a possible but rare phenomenon.,methylphenidate,Fixed drug rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Fixed drug eruption of the scrotum due to methylphenidate.,methylphenidate,Fixed drug eruption of the scrotum,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of fixed drug eruption induced by methylphenidate.,methylphenidate,fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Methotrexate pneumonitis in nonsurgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.,Methotrexate,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [24]}}"
We describe a case of pneumonitis following local administration of methotrexate for nonsurgical termination of an ectopic pregnancy.,methotrexate,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"BACKGROUND: The risk/benefit ratio of warfarin therapy changes in the over 75s, when haemorrhagic side-effects become more common.",warfarin,haemorrhagic side-effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"CASE REPORT: A woman of 80 years, on long-term warfarin therapy presented with an acute dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm; on investigation the only precipitating factor found was an international normalised ratio of 4.8.",warfarin,acute dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [123]}}"
Warfarin-associated thoracic aortic dissection in an elderly woman.,Warfarin,thoracic aortic dissection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Cutaneous vasculitis secondary to ramipril.,ramipril,Cutaneous vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Here we report ramipril-induced cutaneous vasculitis in a patient who required steroid therapy to control it.,ramipril,cutaneous vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Ramipril-induced cutaneous vasculitis is particularly rare and our case was atypical because the patient had tolerated lisinopril before.,Ramipril,cutaneous vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"CONCLUSION: This is, to our knowledge, the first report of severe myelopathy following accidental intrathecal administration of doxorubicin.",doxorubicin,severe myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Neurological improvement and rehabilitation potential following toxic myelopathy due to intrathecal injection of doxorubicin.,doxorubicin,toxic myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [80]}}"
RESULTS: Evidence of neurological improvement and rehabilitation potential after severe myelopathy due to intrathecal injection of doxorubicin.,doxorubicin,severe myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [98]}}"
STUDY DESIGN: Case report of a 31-year-old woman who presented with toxic myelopathy due to intrathecal administration of doxorubicin.,doxorubicin,toxic myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"After infliximab treatment, additional sleep studies revealed an increase in the number of apneic events and SaO2 dips suggesting that TNFalpha plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sleep apnea.",infliximab,increase in the number of apneic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"After infliximab treatment, additional sleep studies revealed an increase in the number of apneic events and SaO2 dips suggesting that TNFalpha plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sleep apnea.",infliximab,SaO2 dips,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"Thus, clinical recognition of sleep disordered breathing should be taken into account when rheumatoid arthritis patients are to be treated with infliximab.",infliximab,sleep disordered breathing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Hypernatraemia induced by sodium polystyrene sulphonate (Kayexalate) in two extremely low birth weight newborns.,Kayexalate,Hypernatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Hypernatraemia induced by sodium polystyrene sulphonate (Kayexalate) in two extremely low birth weight newborns.,sodium polystyrene sulphonate,Hypernatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"We describe two ELBW infants affected by hyperkalaemia, treated with Kayexalate, who developed serious hypernatraemia, that has never been reported before in preterm infants.",Kayexalate,hypernatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}}"
Bull's-eye maculopathy associated with quinacrine therapy for malaria.,quinacrine,Bull's-eye maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Low dosages of quinacrine used for malaria prophylaxis can be associated with a delayed, severe maculopathy indistinguishable from chloroquine maculopathy in certain patients.",chloroquine,maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109, 156], 'end_char': [120, 167]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Low dosages of quinacrine used for malaria prophylaxis can be associated with a delayed, severe maculopathy indistinguishable from chloroquine maculopathy in certain patients.",quinacrine,severe maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [120]}}"
RESULTS: A patient developed a bilaterally symmetric bull's-eye maculopathy 45 years after taking quinacrine for 18 months as prophylaxis against malaria.,quinacrine,bilaterally symmetric bull's-eye maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [75]}}"
The clinical picture was identical to that of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine maculopathy.,chloroquine,maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46, 69], 'end_char': [57, 80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}}"
The clinical picture was identical to that of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine maculopathy.,hydroxychloroquine,maculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Cerebral infarcts in a pediatric patient secondary to phenylpropanolamine, a recalled medication.",phenylpropanolamine,Cerebral infarcts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) recently has been publicly implicated as a cause of stroke and other neurologic events.,Phenylpropanolamine,neurologic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) recently has been publicly implicated as a cause of stroke and other neurologic events.,PPA,neurologic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) recently has been publicly implicated as a cause of stroke and other neurologic events.,Phenylpropanolamine,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) recently has been publicly implicated as a cause of stroke and other neurologic events.,PPA,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [84]}}"
The patient developed occipital infarcts and was found to have extremely elevated levels of PPA in his blood and dialysis fluid.,PPA,extremely elevated levels of PPA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [95]}}"
The patient developed occipital infarcts and was found to have extremely elevated levels of PPA in his blood and dialysis fluid.,PPA,occipital infarcts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [40]}}"
We present a case of stroke after PPA ingestion that occurred 4 months after the recall in an 8-year-old boy on chronic peritoneal dialysis.,PPA,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"Central nervous system effects secondary to ciprofloxacin treatment are uncommon and usually consist only of minor dizziness or mild headache, although rare occurrences of seizures and hallucinations have been reported.",ciprofloxacin,hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"Central nervous system effects secondary to ciprofloxacin treatment are uncommon and usually consist only of minor dizziness or mild headache, although rare occurrences of seizures and hallucinations have been reported.",ciprofloxacin,mild headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"Central nervous system effects secondary to ciprofloxacin treatment are uncommon and usually consist only of minor dizziness or mild headache, although rare occurrences of seizures and hallucinations have been reported.",ciprofloxacin,minor dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"Central nervous system effects secondary to ciprofloxacin treatment are uncommon and usually consist only of minor dizziness or mild headache, although rare occurrences of seizures and hallucinations have been reported.",ciprofloxacin,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [180]}}"
Ciprofloxacin-induced psychosis.,Ciprofloxacin,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [31]}}"
DATA SYNTHESIS: A 49-year-old man developed symptoms of severe psychosis concomitant with ciprofloxacin (250 mg bid) treatment.,ciprofloxacin,severe psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To report a case of ciprofloxacin-induced psychosis and to discuss occurrence rates, risk factors, possible etiologies, preventive measures, and treatment courses for this adverse reaction.",ciprofloxacin,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Agranulocytosis induced by vancomycin in an ESRD patient on CAPD.,vancomycin,Agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"Agranulocytosis is a rare adverse effect associated with prolonged vancomycin therapy, and is potentially serious, especially in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.",vancomycin,Agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
We describe a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient that developed vancomycin-induced agranulocytosis during treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-associated external cuff infection and pneumonia.,vancomycin,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [120]}}"
It is very likely that the dexamethasone used in the antiemetic drug regimen contributed to the development of osteonecrosis in these patients.,dexamethasone,osteonecrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Osteonecrosis is a serious side effect of antiemetic treatment with dexamethasone and this serious complication should be incorporated in the current guidelines.,dexamethasone,Osteonecrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Patients should be informed about the risk of osteonecrosis when taking dexamethasone as an antiemetic drug.,dexamethasone,osteonecrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Development of Peyronie's disease during long-term colchicine treatment.,colchicine,Peyronie's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"However here we reported two patients, presenting with PD during high dose colchicine treatment for familiar mediterranean fever (FMF).",colchicine,PD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [57]}}"
A patient developed cholestatic hepatitis while being treated with nitrofurantoin.,nitrofurantoin,cholestatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [41]}}"
A second episode of jaundice followed the intravaginal administration of a mixture of furazolidone and nifuroxime.,furazolidone,jaundice,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}}"
A second episode of jaundice followed the intravaginal administration of a mixture of furazolidone and nifuroxime.,nifuroxime,jaundice,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [28]}}"
A case of phenobarbital exacerbation of a preexisting maladaptive behavior partially suppressed by chlorpromazine and misinterpreted as chlorpromazine efficacy.,phenobarbital,exacerbation of a preexisting maladaptive behavior,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Ten years of behavioral data are presented to support the hypothesis that phenobarbital was exacerbating maladaptive behaviors.,phenobarbital,maladaptive behaviors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"This profile should trigger a ""red flag"" as to the possibility of phenobarbital behavioral side effects or exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors.",phenobarbital,behavioral side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"This profile should trigger a ""red flag"" as to the possibility of phenobarbital behavioral side effects or exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors.",phenobarbital,exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [156]}}"
Pilocarpine toxicity and the treatment of xerostomia.,Pilocarpine,Pilocarpine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"We report a case of unintentional overdose of oral pilocarpine tablets that resulted in bradycardia, mild hypotension, and muscarinic symptoms in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome.",pilocarpine,bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"We report a case of unintentional overdose of oral pilocarpine tablets that resulted in bradycardia, mild hypotension, and muscarinic symptoms in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome.",pilocarpine,mild hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"We report a case of unintentional overdose of oral pilocarpine tablets that resulted in bradycardia, mild hypotension, and muscarinic symptoms in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome.",pilocarpine,muscarinic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.",belladonna,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [244]}}"
"Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.",ergotamine,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [244]}}"
"Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.",phenobarbital,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [244]}}"
"Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome associated with Bellamine S, a therapy for menopausal symptoms.",Bellamine S,Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"We report a case of a previously healthy, postmenopausal woman who developed anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome while taking Bellamine S (belladonna alkaloids; ergotamine; phenobarbital) for hot flashes.",belladonna alkaloids,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"We report a case of a previously healthy, postmenopausal woman who developed anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome while taking Bellamine S (belladonna alkaloids; ergotamine; phenobarbital) for hot flashes.",Bellamine S,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"We report a case of a previously healthy, postmenopausal woman who developed anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome while taking Bellamine S (belladonna alkaloids; ergotamine; phenobarbital) for hot flashes.",ergotamine,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"We report a case of a previously healthy, postmenopausal woman who developed anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome while taking Bellamine S (belladonna alkaloids; ergotamine; phenobarbital) for hot flashes.",phenobarbital,anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [191]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [117]}}"
A case of heatstroke is reported in a 32-year-old man diagnosed with schizophrenia and on clozapine monotherapy.,clozapine,heatstroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Heat stroke in schizophrenia during clozapine treatment: rapid recognition and management.,clozapine,Heat stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Gemcitabine-related radiation recall preferentially involves internal tissue and organs.,Gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"The authors also determined that their case of myositis developing in the rectus abdominus muscle of a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was the manifestation of radiation recall, thereby bringing the number of patients who developed radiation recall to gemcitabine and were discussed in the current study to 13.",gemcitabine,myositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"The authors also determined that their case of myositis developing in the rectus abdominus muscle of a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was the manifestation of radiation recall, thereby bringing the number of patients who developed radiation recall to gemcitabine and were discussed in the current study to 13.",gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167, 239], 'end_char': [183, 255]}}"
"The authors also determined that their case of myositis developing in the rectus abdominus muscle of a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was the manifestation of radiation recall, thereby bringing the number of patients who developed radiation recall to gemcitabine and were discussed in the current study to 13.",gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167, 239], 'end_char': [183, 255]}}"
The literature search found 12 cases of radiation recall caused by gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [56]}}"
The majority of radiation recall reactions attributed to gemcitabine are reported to affect internal tissue or organs.,gemcitabine,radiation recall reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Cystoid macular edema in a low-risk patient after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost.,bimatoprost,Cystoid macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Cystoid macular edema in a low-risk patient after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost.,latanoprost,Cystoid macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,bimatoprost,cystoid macula edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [92]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,latanoprost,cystoid macula edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [92]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,bimatoprost,cystoid macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [225]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,latanoprost,cystoid macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [225]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,bimatoprost,intense conjunctival hyperemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [67]}}"
METHODS: A 68-year-old man developed intense conjunctival hyperemia and cystoid macula edema after switching from latanoprost to bimatoprost 9 months after cataract surgery in an eye at low-risk for this cystoid macular edema.,latanoprost,intense conjunctival hyperemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [67]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of angiographically documented cystoid macula edema occurring after switching a pseudophakic patient from latanoprost to bimatoprost.,bimatoprost,cystoid macula edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [77]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of angiographically documented cystoid macula edema occurring after switching a pseudophakic patient from latanoprost to bimatoprost.,latanoprost,cystoid macula edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [77]}}"
An immediate hemolytic reaction induced by repeated administration of oxaliplatin.,oxaliplatin,hemolytic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [31]}}"
CASE REPORT: We report a patient who developed a DAT-positive hemolytic episode after a red cell (RBC) transfusion was delivered during the infusion of her 17th cycle of oxaliplatin.,oxaliplatin,DAT-positive hemolytic episode,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Although neurotoxicity is a frequent complication of methotrexate therapy, fatal acute neurotoxicity is extremely uncommon, especially in adults.",methotrexate,fatal acute neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"Although neurotoxicity is a frequent complication of methotrexate therapy, fatal acute neurotoxicity is extremely uncommon, especially in adults.",methotrexate,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9, 87], 'end_char': [22, 100]}}"
"Clinicians should be aware of the signs and symptoms of neurotoxicity during treatment, as well as predisposing factors that put patients receiving methotrexate at risk for neurotoxic effects.",methotrexate,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Fatal acute encephalomyelitis after a single dose of intrathecal methotrexate.,methotrexate,Fatal acute encephalomyelitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"The day after methotrexate administration, the patient complained of severe back pain and urinary retention.",methotrexate,severe back pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"The day after methotrexate administration, the patient complained of severe back pain and urinary retention.",methotrexate,urinary retention,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [107]}}"
This patient rapidly progressed from mild neurotoxicity to fatal encephalopathy after one dose of intrathecal methotrexate during his third cycle of chemotherapy.,methotrexate,fatal encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [79]}}"
This patient rapidly progressed from mild neurotoxicity to fatal encephalopathy after one dose of intrathecal methotrexate during his third cycle of chemotherapy.,methotrexate,mild neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}}"
We report a third case of a 6-week-old infant with Escherichia coli sepsis who received ampicillin and other antibiotics and subsequently developed TEN.,ampicillin,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [151]}}"
One patient developed large intramural esophageal hematoma as a complication of heparin therapy.,heparin,large intramural esophageal hematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Eosinophilic cystitis after bladder instillation with dimethyl sulfoxide.,dimethyl sulfoxide,Eosinophilic cystitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
We report the first case of an acute flare of eosinophilic cystitis in a 51-year-old woman after bladder instillation with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for presumed interstitial cystitis.,dimethyl sulfoxide,eosinophilic cystitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [67]}}"
We report the first case of an acute flare of eosinophilic cystitis in a 51-year-old woman after bladder instillation with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for presumed interstitial cystitis.,DMSO,eosinophilic cystitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Acute dystonia during pegylated interferon alpha therapy in a case with chronic hepatitis B infection.,pegylated interferon alpha,Acute dystonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"In this case report, we present clinical and laboratory findings of a case with chronic hepatitis B that developed acute dystonia soon after the first dose of pegylated interferon alpha.",pegylated interferon alpha,acute dystonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [129]}}"
"Therapy with IFN-alpha may be associated with a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, seizure, and depressive disorders.",IFN-alpha,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [116]}}"
"Therapy with IFN-alpha may be associated with a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, seizure, and depressive disorders.",IFN-alpha,depressive disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [151]}}"
"Therapy with IFN-alpha may be associated with a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, seizure, and depressive disorders.",IFN-alpha,neuropsychiatric symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"Therapy with IFN-alpha may be associated with a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, seizure, and depressive disorders.",IFN-alpha,Parkinsonism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"Therapy with IFN-alpha may be associated with a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, seizure, and depressive disorders.",IFN-alpha,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [125]}}"
A patient developed restless legs symptoms paralleling the course of interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) therapy for chronic hepatitis C.,IFN alpha,restless legs symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [42]}}"
A patient developed restless legs symptoms paralleling the course of interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) therapy for chronic hepatitis C.,interferon-alpha,restless legs symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Restless legs syndrome due to interferon-alpha.,interferon-alpha,Restless legs syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Restless legs syndrome may thus be an adverse effect of IFN alpha treatment.,IFN alpha,Restless legs syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Many clinicians appear to be concerned about the potential hepatotoxicity of the opiate antagonist naltrexone (NTX) and this may be one reason why it is not used more widely in treating both heroin and alcohol abusers.,naltrexone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Many clinicians appear to be concerned about the potential hepatotoxicity of the opiate antagonist naltrexone (NTX) and this may be one reason why it is not used more widely in treating both heroin and alcohol abusers.,NTX,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [73]}}"
We describe a heroin abuser in whom clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute hepatitis B and C appeared a few days after the insertion of a subcutaneous naltrexone implant.,naltrexone,acute hepatitis B and C,"{'drug': {'start_char': [160], 'end_char': [170]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [101]}}"
Sweet's syndrome associated with sargramostim (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) treatment.,sargramostim,Sweet's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"Sweet's syndrome is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis that is a known complication of the administration of filgrastim, a drug that causes increased neutrophil proliferation and differentiation.",filgrastim,acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"Sweet's syndrome is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis that is a known complication of the administration of filgrastim, a drug that causes increased neutrophil proliferation and differentiation.",filgrastim,Sweet's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
We report a case of Sweet's syndrome in association with sargramostim treatment following chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia.,sargramostim,Sweet's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Sudden cardiac death due to hypersensitivity myocarditis during clozapine treatment.,clozapine,hypersensitivity myocarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Sudden cardiac death due to hypersensitivity myocarditis during clozapine treatment.,clozapine,Sudden cardiac death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
The autopsy findings and a detailed medical history supported the conclusion that clozapine-induced hypersensitivity myocarditis was the most likely cause of death.,clozapine,hypersensitivity myocarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [128]}}"
The case concerns the sudden death of a 29-year-old male during clozapine therapy started 2 weeks before.,clozapine,sudden death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Purple glove syndrome, named for its distinctive purple discoloration and swelling of the hands in the distribution of a glove, is an uncommon complication of intravenous phenytoin administration through small dorsal veins of the hands.",phenytoin,purple discoloration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"Purple glove syndrome, named for its distinctive purple discoloration and swelling of the hands in the distribution of a glove, is an uncommon complication of intravenous phenytoin administration through small dorsal veins of the hands.",phenytoin,Purple glove syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Purple glove syndrome, named for its distinctive purple discoloration and swelling of the hands in the distribution of a glove, is an uncommon complication of intravenous phenytoin administration through small dorsal veins of the hands.",phenytoin,swelling of the hands,"{'drug': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"The findings were judged to be consistent with soft-tissue injury associated with intravenous administration of phenytoin, also termed purple glove syndrome.",phenytoin,purple glove syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"The findings were judged to be consistent with soft-tissue injury associated with intravenous administration of phenytoin, also termed purple glove syndrome.",phenytoin,soft-tissue injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Our patient was a 72-year-old man with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) who received levodopa and anti-cholinergic drugs and whose head had become almost completely bald.,levodopa,completely bald,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A patient with monocular open-angle glaucoma had trichiasis, a condition associated with the use of a prostaglandin analog.",prostaglandin,trichiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"Increased lash length, thickness, and pigmentation are well-documented side effects of prostaglandin analog glaucoma drops.",prostaglandin,Increased lash length,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Increased lash length, thickness, and pigmentation are well-documented side effects of prostaglandin analog glaucoma drops.",prostaglandin,pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Trichiasis associated with prostaglandin analog use.,prostaglandin,Trichiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
"Fatal pulmonary fibrosis associated with BCNU: the relative role of platelet-derived growth factor-B, insulin-like growth factor I, transforming growth factor-beta1 and cyclooxygenase-2.",BCNU,Fatal pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication associated with bis-chloronitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.,BCNU,Pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication associated with bis-chloronitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.,bis-chloronitrosourea,Pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
These novel findings may offer specific therapeutic targets in the treatment of BCNU-associated pulmonary fibrosis.,BCNU,pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"We further used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to examine the relative role of platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the pathogenesis of BCNU-related pulmonary fibrosis.",BCNU,pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [253], 'end_char': [257]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [266], 'end_char': [284]}}"
We report here a 26-year-old female with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who died of severe pulmonary fibrosis 81 days after the administration of high-dose BCNU (600 mg/m2).,BCNU,severe pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [108]}}"
Dorzolamide-induced choroidal detachment in a surgically untreated eye.,Dorzolamide,choroidal detachment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [40]}}"
METHODS: A 76-year-old woman with primary open-angle glaucoma and no history of ocular surgery developed a choroidal detachment 12 hours after initiation of therapy with dorzolamide eye drops.,dorzolamide,choroidal detachment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [127]}}"
We document the abrupt development of an extensive choroidal detachment after initiation of dorzolamide therapy in a surgically untreated eye with primary open-angle glaucoma.,dorzolamide,choroidal detachment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Deepening of lid sulcus from topical bimatoprost therapy.,bimatoprost,Deepening of lid sulcus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
"In each of the three reported patients, alteration of eyelid appearance with deepening of the lid sulcus was evident as the result of topical bimatoprost therapy.",bimatoprost,alteration of eyelid appearance,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"In each of the three reported patients, alteration of eyelid appearance with deepening of the lid sulcus was evident as the result of topical bimatoprost therapy.",bimatoprost,deepening of the lid sulcus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [104]}}"
Lichen planus induced by hepatitis B vaccination: a new case and review of the literature.,hepatitis B vaccination,Lichen planus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Case report: life-threatening hypoglycaemia associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, a commonly used antimalarial drug.",sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine,life-threatening hypoglycaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"In this report, we present a case of hypoglycaemic coma associated with SP, an adverse reaction that is likely to be underreported and expected to occur with greater frequency as the use of SP increases.",SP,hypoglycaemic coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 190], 'end_char': [74, 192]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"In this report, we present a case of hypoglycaemic coma associated with SP, an adverse reaction that is likely to be underreported and expected to occur with greater frequency as the use of SP increases.",SP,hypoglycaemic coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 190], 'end_char': [74, 192]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Initial treatment with heparin was substituted with thrombolysis, which resulted in clinical improvement and dissolution of right heart thrombus but was followed by fatal intracerebral haemorrhage.",heparin,fatal intracerebral haemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [196]}}"
Extensive forearm deep venous thrombosis following a severe infliximab infusion reaction.,infliximab,Extensive forearm deep venous thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,IIR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,IIR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,severe infliximab infusion reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,severe infliximab infusion reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [185]}}"
"Here we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a severe infliximab infusion reaction (IIR), complicated 1 day later by severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral to the site of infliximab infusion.",infliximab,severe swelling of the forearm and hand ipsilateral,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 201], 'end_char': [81, 211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [185]}}"
The site of thrombosis and the chronological relationship with the IIR implicates a hypersensitivity to infliximab in the causation of the venous thrombosis in this case.,infliximab,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [100]}}"
The site of thrombosis and the chronological relationship with the IIR implicates a hypersensitivity to infliximab in the causation of the venous thrombosis in this case.,infliximab,IIR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [70]}}"
The site of thrombosis and the chronological relationship with the IIR implicates a hypersensitivity to infliximab in the causation of the venous thrombosis in this case.,infliximab,venous thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"After 3- to 13-month period of therapy without indapamide, glucose levels of all patients decreased and diabetes disappeared.",indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"After stopping indapamide, glucose tolerance impairing may be reversed.",indapamide,glucose tolerance impairing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [54]}}"
CONCLUSION: Therapy with indapamide may induce diabetes in essential hypertension patients.,indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To study therapy with indapamide impairing carbohydrate metabolism in essential hypertension patients and achieve earlier prevention, diagnoses and treatment of diabetes induced by indapamide.",indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33, 192], 'end_char': [43, 202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To study therapy with indapamide impairing carbohydrate metabolism in essential hypertension patients and achieve earlier prevention, diagnoses and treatment of diabetes induced by indapamide.",indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33, 192], 'end_char': [43, 202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To study therapy with indapamide impairing carbohydrate metabolism in essential hypertension patients and achieve earlier prevention, diagnoses and treatment of diabetes induced by indapamide.",indapamide,impairing carbohydrate metabolism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33, 192], 'end_char': [43, 202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Possible induction of diabetes by treatment of hypertension with indapamide (with four case reports).,indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"RESULTS: After 4- to 14-month period of therapy with the combination of indapamide (2.5 mg/day) and fosinopril (10 mg/day) in three patients and 6-month period of monotherapy with indapamide (2.5 mg/day) in one patient, glucose levels of all patients increased and achieve criteria of diabetes diagnoses.",fosinopril,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"RESULTS: After 4- to 14-month period of therapy with the combination of indapamide (2.5 mg/day) and fosinopril (10 mg/day) in three patients and 6-month period of monotherapy with indapamide (2.5 mg/day) in one patient, glucose levels of all patients increased and achieve criteria of diabetes diagnoses.",indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 180], 'end_char': [82, 190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"RESULTS: After 4- to 14-month period of therapy with the combination of indapamide (2.5 mg/day) and fosinopril (10 mg/day) in three patients and 6-month period of monotherapy with indapamide (2.5 mg/day) in one patient, glucose levels of all patients increased and achieve criteria of diabetes diagnoses.",indapamide,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 180], 'end_char': [82, 190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONTEXT: Previous investigators have reported discrepancies between hematologic, marrow morphologic, and cytogenetic responses to imatinib mesylate among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).",imatinib mesylate,"discrepancies between hematologic, marrow morphologic, and cytogenetic responses","{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"Despite a hematologic response in all 3 patients, none of them achieved cytogenetic remission, and all progressed to blast crisis at 7 to 10 months of imatinib therapy.",imatinib,blast crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [129]}}"
"In addition to disease refractoriness, rare instances of disease progression from chronic phase to blast crisis during imatinib therapy have recently been anecdotally reported.",imatinib,blast crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [111]}}"
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinicopathologic features of 3 patients with CML who rapidly progressed from chronic phase to blast crisis while taking imatinib and to perform a review of the literature.,imatinib,blast crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"Our findings suggest that significant progression of marrow reticulin fibrosis during imatinib therapy can be an indicator for a return or progression of CML and, in some patients with CML, imatinib may promote cytogenetic clonal evolution, resulting in a poor response to treatment.",imatinib,progression of marrow reticulin fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86, 190], 'end_char': [94, 198]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Progression of chronic myeloid leukemia to blast crisis during treatment with imatinib mesylate.,imatinib mesylate,blast crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Easily reversible hypoxemia and hypotension induced by nimodipine.,nimodipine,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Easily reversible hypoxemia and hypotension induced by nimodipine.,nimodipine,hypoxemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"In this paper we report a case of nimodipine overdosage resulting in prolonged hypotension and hypoxemia, which was successfully treated with calcium gluconate.",nimodipine,hypoxemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"In this paper we report a case of nimodipine overdosage resulting in prolonged hypotension and hypoxemia, which was successfully treated with calcium gluconate.",nimodipine,prolonged hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Refractory hypoglycemia from ciprofloxacin and glyburide interaction.,ciprofloxacin,Refractory hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Refractory hypoglycemia from ciprofloxacin and glyburide interaction.,glyburide,Refractory hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
"We present a case of a diabetic patient taking glyburide who was prescribed ciprofloxacin and developed prolonged hypoglycemia, which persisted for over 24 hours.",ciprofloxacin,prolonged hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"We present a case of a diabetic patient taking glyburide who was prescribed ciprofloxacin and developed prolonged hypoglycemia, which persisted for over 24 hours.",glyburide,prolonged hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [126]}}"
Aminophylline hypersensitivity apparently due to ethylenediamine.,Aminophylline,Aminophylline hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Aminophylline hypersensitivity apparently due to ethylenediamine.,ethylenediamine,Aminophylline hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We present a case of ethylenediamine-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction in a 46-year-old woman who received parenteral aminophylline for an acute asthma exacerbation.,aminophylline,delayed hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [78]}}"
We present a case of ethylenediamine-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction in a 46-year-old woman who received parenteral aminophylline for an acute asthma exacerbation.,ethylenediamine,delayed hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [78]}}"
L-asparaginase-induced pancreatitis is an uncommon but potential lethal complication of the treatment of leukemia.,L-asparaginase,lethal complication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [84]}}"
L-asparaginase-induced pancreatitis is an uncommon but potential lethal complication of the treatment of leukemia.,L-asparaginase,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [35]}}"
L-asparaginase-induced severe necrotizing pancreatitis successfully treated with percutaneous drainage.,L-asparaginase,severe necrotizing pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [54]}}"
Most cases of pancreatitis associated with L-asparaginase toxicity are self-limiting and respond favorably to nasogastric decompression and intravenous hyperalimentation.,L-asparaginase,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Pancreatitis has been noted to be a complication in 2-16% of patients undergoing treatment with L-asparaginase for a variety of pediatric neoplasms.,L-asparaginase,Pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"We present a pediatric patient with leukemia and a severe, L-asparaginase-induced necrotizing pancreatitis, treated successfully with percutaneous drainage used to flush the infected necrotic parts.",L-asparaginase,necrotizing pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Disulfiram-induced fulminant hepatic failure in an active duty soldier.,Disulfiram,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Fulminant hepatic failure is a rare complication of disulfiram treatment for alcoholism.,disulfiram,Fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
This case describes fulminant hepatic failure in a patient taking disulfiram with no previous liver disease and report of being compliant with alcohol abstinence.,disulfiram,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [45]}}"
"Tiagabine overdose causes an unusual array of neurological symptoms, many similar to reported adverse effects during therapeutic use.",Tiagabine,unusual array of neurological symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"A case of sideroblastic anemia is presented in a patient with a left ventricular assist device drive-line infection who was receiving linezolid, an antibiotic used for serious infections with gram-positive organisms.",linezolid,sideroblastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"As linezolid has been shown to have hematologic side effects, blood count monitoring is recommended in patients receiving this drug for long-term therapy.",linezolid,hematologic side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [3], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Sideroblastic anemia due to linezolid in a patient with a left ventricular assist device.,linezolid,Sideroblastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"In this report, two newborns with congenital heart anomalies demonstrated the harlequin color change, one whose skin findings showed a course related to the dose of systemic prostaglandin E1, suggesting a possible association.",prostaglandin E1,harlequin color change,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [100]}}"
The harlequin color change and association with prostaglandin E1.,prostaglandin E1,harlequin color change,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"Acute renal insufficiency is known to occur in patients who are taking ciprofloxacin, particularly the elderly.",ciprofloxacin,Acute renal insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Ciprofloxacin-induced renal insufficiency in cystic fibrosis.,Ciprofloxacin,renal insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [41]}}"
Multiple mechanisms for ciprofloxacin-induced nephrotoxicity have been proposed.,ciprofloxacin,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [60]}}"
We report two young patients with cystic fibrosis who presented with acute renal insufficiency after 2-3 weeks of oral ciprofloxacin therapy.,ciprofloxacin,acute renal insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Sensory neuropathy revealing necrotizing vasculitis during infliximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.,infliximab,necrotizing vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Sensory neuropathy revealing necrotizing vasculitis during infliximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.,infliximab,Sensory neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"We describe 2 patients with severe erosive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis, respectively, in whom infliximab therapy was associated with peripheral neuropathy due to necrotizing vasculitis in one patient and to progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex in the other.",infliximab,necrotizing vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [203]}}"
"We describe 2 patients with severe erosive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis, respectively, in whom infliximab therapy was associated with peripheral neuropathy due to necrotizing vasculitis in one patient and to progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex in the other.",infliximab,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [173]}}"
"We describe 2 patients with severe erosive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis, respectively, in whom infliximab therapy was associated with peripheral neuropathy due to necrotizing vasculitis in one patient and to progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex in the other.",infliximab,progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [226], 'end_char': [275]}}"
Progressive anemia following combination therapy with interferon-alpha and interleukin-2 in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.,interferon-alpha,Progressive anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Progressive anemia following combination therapy with interferon-alpha and interleukin-2 in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.,interleukin-2,Progressive anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"We report a case of severe anemia, which responded well to steroid therapy, in a patient receiving IL-2 plus IFN-alpha for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.",IFN-alpha,severe anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"We report a case of severe anemia, which responded well to steroid therapy, in a patient receiving IL-2 plus IFN-alpha for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.",IL-2,severe anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"An objective causality assessment indicated a probable relationship between clotting abnormality and warfarin administration, although the degree of elevation of the INR was unusual in the light of the daily warfarin dose and duration of its exposure.",warfarin,clotting abnormality,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101, 208], 'end_char': [109, 216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"Based on the clinical status of the patient, it was suspected that several conditions contributed to the abnormal hypersensitivity to warfarin.",warfarin,abnormal hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"Despite the low dosage of warfarin, international normalized ratio (INR) was markedly elevated from 1.15 to 11.28 for only 4 days, and bleeding symptoms concurrently developed.",warfarin,bleeding symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"In view of our experience in the present case, it should be stressed that close monitoring of coagulation capacity is necessary in critically ill patients in order to avoid fatal haemorrhage after initiating warfarin therapy regardless of the dosage.",warfarin,fatal haemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [208], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [190]}}"
Unusual hypersensitivity to warfarin in a critically ill patient.,warfarin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"We report an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient who developed CMV infection refractory to sequential therapy with ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir.",cidofovir,CMV infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"We report an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient who developed CMV infection refractory to sequential therapy with ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir.",foscarnet,CMV infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"We report an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient who developed CMV infection refractory to sequential therapy with ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir.",ganciclovir,CMV infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}}"
5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-associated peripheral neuropathy is an uncommon event.,5-fluorouracil,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [54]}}"
5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-associated peripheral neuropathy is an uncommon event.,5-FU,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"During analysis of 28 patients receiving CAP with concomitant radiation (XRT) for pancreatic cancer (resected or locally advanced), two patients developed signs and symptoms consistent with peripheral neuropathy.",CAP,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [190], 'end_char': [211]}}"
Knowledge regarding potential adverse effects of CAP is paramount and dose modification is indicated with development of neurotoxicity.,CAP,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"Neurologic symptoms resolved after stopping CAP for 4 weeks in Patient A, with no recurrence after reinitiating CAP alone at 2000 mg/m2.",CAP,Neurologic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44, 112], 'end_char': [47, 115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Neurologic symptoms resolved after stopping CAP for 4 weeks in Patient A, with no recurrence after reinitiating CAP alone at 2000 mg/m2.",CAP,Neurologic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44, 112], 'end_char': [47, 115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Patient A reported right leg weakness (foot drop) during week 4 of CAP-XRT (1600 mg/m2).,CAP-XRT,foot drop,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Patient A reported right leg weakness (foot drop) during week 4 of CAP-XRT (1600 mg/m2).,CAP-XRT,right leg weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Patient B developed perioral and upper extremity paresthesias during the fourth cycle of CAP alone (2500 mg/m2).,CAP,perioral and upper extremity paresthesias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Peripheral neuropathy associated with capecitabine.,capecitabine,Peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
We conclude peripheral neuropathy with 5-FU is rare.,5-FU,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Severe hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia during treatment with rosiglitazone.,rosiglitazone,Severe hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"We report three patients, all of whom had preexisting diabetic dyslipidemia, who showed a profound reduction in plasma HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels soon after the initiation of rosiglitazone therapy.",rosiglitazone,reduction in plasma HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [206]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [163]}}"
Severe leukopenia associated with mild hepatotoxicity in an HIV carrier treated with nevirapine.,nevirapine,mild hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Severe leukopenia associated with mild hepatotoxicity in an HIV carrier treated with nevirapine.,nevirapine,Severe leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"We report an HIV-infected woman who developed mild leukopenia as the first sign of a nevirapine-related adverse event, which was followed by skin and hepatic toxicity associated with a more severe leukopenia.",nevirapine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51, 197], 'end_char': [61, 207]}}"
"We report an HIV-infected woman who developed mild leukopenia as the first sign of a nevirapine-related adverse event, which was followed by skin and hepatic toxicity associated with a more severe leukopenia.",nevirapine,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51, 197], 'end_char': [61, 207]}}"
"We report an HIV-infected woman who developed mild leukopenia as the first sign of a nevirapine-related adverse event, which was followed by skin and hepatic toxicity associated with a more severe leukopenia.",nevirapine,skin and hepatic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"In all cases, drugs in addition to quetiapine were detected, but in cases #1 and #2, the cause of death was considered to be a quetiapine overdose and the other drugs were not considered to be contributory.",quetiapine,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35, 127], 'end_char': [45, 137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [103]}}"
These cases were chosen for study because they were all deaths as a result of suicidal ingestion of drugs in which quetiapine was considered a significant factor.,quetiapine,deaths,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [62]}}"
"We present three cases from the Provincial Toxicology Center of British Columbia, Canada in which suicidal overdose deaths were associated with quetiapine.",quetiapine,suicidal overdose deaths,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [122]}}"
After approximately two weeks of sertraline treatment he noted an intense itching sensation in his scalp after eating a piece of chocolate cake.,sertraline,intense itching sensation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [91]}}"
Itch and skin rash from chocolate during fluoxetine and sertraline treatment: case report.,fluoxetine,Itch,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
Itch and skin rash from chocolate during fluoxetine and sertraline treatment: case report.,sertraline,Itch,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
Itch and skin rash from chocolate during fluoxetine and sertraline treatment: case report.,fluoxetine,skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Itch and skin rash from chocolate during fluoxetine and sertraline treatment: case report.,sertraline,skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions temporally related to etanercept therapy.,etanercept,Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"This report details the pulmonary pathologic findings in four patients with rheumatoid arthritis, who developed new onset of pulmonary signs and symptoms with alveolar infiltrates temporally related to the institution of etanercept therapy.",etanercept,pulmonary signs and symptoms with alveolar infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [221], 'end_char': [231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [179]}}"
Paradoxical cerebral cortical hyperexcitability following flupirtine overdose.,flupirtine,Paradoxical cerebral cortical hyperexcitability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"We report the case of a patient with increased cerebral cortical excitability following intoxication with flupirtine, a centrally acting analgesic and antispastic drug.",flupirtine,increased cerebral cortical excitability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [77]}}"
AIM: Report of a case of a woman patient who developed celiac disease after pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin use for chronic hepatitis C.,pegylated interferon alpha-2a,celiac disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [69]}}"
AIM: Report of a case of a woman patient who developed celiac disease after pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin use for chronic hepatitis C.,ribavirin,celiac disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Celiac disease onset after pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment of chronic hepatitis C.,pegylated interferon,Celiac disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Celiac disease onset after pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment of chronic hepatitis C.,ribavirin,Celiac disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"PATIENT AND METHOD: A 34-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 3, receiving pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin for 6 months, developed progressive malaise and anemia 6 months after the end of treatment.",pegylated interferon alpha-2a,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"PATIENT AND METHOD: A 34-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 3, receiving pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin for 6 months, developed progressive malaise and anemia 6 months after the end of treatment.",ribavirin,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"PATIENT AND METHOD: A 34-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 3, receiving pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin for 6 months, developed progressive malaise and anemia 6 months after the end of treatment.",pegylated interferon alpha-2a,progressive malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"PATIENT AND METHOD: A 34-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 3, receiving pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin for 6 months, developed progressive malaise and anemia 6 months after the end of treatment.",ribavirin,progressive malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"We present two cases of anaphylaxis under anaesthesia where return of spontaneous circulation was refractory to epinephrine, but occurred following the administration of the alpha-agonist metaraminol.",metaraminol,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"In this article, we describe another case of subcutaneous changes following repeated glatiramer acetate injection, presented as localized panniculitis in the area around the injection sites, in a 46-year-old female patient who was treated with glatiramer acetate for 18 months.",glatiramer acetate,localized panniculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85, 244], 'end_char': [103, 262]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"In this article, we describe another case of subcutaneous changes following repeated glatiramer acetate injection, presented as localized panniculitis in the area around the injection sites, in a 46-year-old female patient who was treated with glatiramer acetate for 18 months.",glatiramer acetate,localized panniculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85, 244], 'end_char': [103, 262]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"In this article, we describe another case of subcutaneous changes following repeated glatiramer acetate injection, presented as localized panniculitis in the area around the injection sites, in a 46-year-old female patient who was treated with glatiramer acetate for 18 months.",glatiramer acetate,subcutaneous changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85, 244], 'end_char': [103, 262]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Localized panniculitis and subsequent lipoatrophy with subcutaneous glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) injection for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.,Copaxone,lipoatrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Localized panniculitis and subsequent lipoatrophy with subcutaneous glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) injection for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.,glatiramer acetate,lipoatrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Localized panniculitis and subsequent lipoatrophy with subcutaneous glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) injection for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.,Copaxone,Localized panniculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Localized panniculitis and subsequent lipoatrophy with subcutaneous glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) injection for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.,glatiramer acetate,Localized panniculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"In a postoperative patient with pre-existent myasthenia gravis, oral verapamil caused a marked exacerbation in myasthenic weakness.",verapamil,exacerbation in myasthenic weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"In four patients, thrombosis occurred 2-45 days after severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) secondary to intensive chemotherapy containing busulfan.",busulfan,hepatic veno-occlusive disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"In four patients, thrombosis occurred 2-45 days after severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) secondary to intensive chemotherapy containing busulfan.",busulfan,HVOD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"In four patients, thrombosis occurred 2-45 days after severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) secondary to intensive chemotherapy containing busulfan.",busulfan,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [28]}}"
PVT during chemotherapy in children is a rare event and appears to be closely related to intensive chemotherapy containing busulfan and to be associated with HVOD.,busulfan,HVOD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [162]}}"
PVT during chemotherapy in children is a rare event and appears to be closely related to intensive chemotherapy containing busulfan and to be associated with HVOD.,busulfan,PVT,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [3]}}"
"Here, we describe a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease occurring 4 months after the start of interferon alpha treatment, probably induced by the immunomodulatory effects of interferon.",interferon,Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95, 175], 'end_char': [105, 185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Here, we describe a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease occurring 4 months after the start of interferon alpha treatment, probably induced by the immunomodulatory effects of interferon.",interferon alpha,Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"Retinal abnormalities, including retinal hemorrhage and ""cotton-wool"" spots, often occur within the first 8 weeks in the course of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.",interferon,"""cotton-wool"" spots","{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"Retinal abnormalities, including retinal hemorrhage and ""cotton-wool"" spots, often occur within the first 8 weeks in the course of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.",interferon,Retinal abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Retinal abnormalities, including retinal hemorrhage and ""cotton-wool"" spots, often occur within the first 8 weeks in the course of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.",interferon,retinal hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease occurring during interferon alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C.,interferon alpha,Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Acute hepatic failure is a rare and potentially lethal complication of propylthiouracil (PTU) use for hyperthyroidism.,propylthiouracil,Acute hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Acute hepatic failure is a rare and potentially lethal complication of propylthiouracil (PTU) use for hyperthyroidism.,PTU,Acute hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"After an extensive review of the literature, we believe that this is the first communication of the successful use of amiodarone to control hyperthyroidism in a patient with PTU-induced fulminant hepatitis.",PTU,fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [205]}}"
Successful treatment of hyperthyroidism with amiodarone in a patient with propylthiouracil-induced acute hepatic failure.,propylthiouracil,acute hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"We present a 20-year-old woman with Basedow-Graves' disease who developed PTU-induced fulminant hepatitis, which progressed to acute hepatic failure with grade III hepatic encephalopathy.",PTU,fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate and rofecoxib: idiosyncratic reaction or pharmacogenetics?,methotrexate,Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate and rofecoxib: idiosyncratic reaction or pharmacogenetics?,rofecoxib,Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used second line agent for RA, and there have been several recent reports of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder in MTX-treated RA patients.",Methotrexate,Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used second line agent for RA, and there have been several recent reports of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder in MTX-treated RA patients.",MTX,Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14, 196], 'end_char': [17, 199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used second line agent for RA, and there have been several recent reports of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder in MTX-treated RA patients.",MTX,Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14, 196], 'end_char': [17, 199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [189]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,diarrhea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [215], 'end_char': [223]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,elevated liver transaminases,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [225], 'end_char': [253]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,jaundice,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [255], 'end_char': [263]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,mucosal ulcerations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [265], 'end_char': [284]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [191], 'end_char': [203]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,pyrexia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [290], 'end_char': [297]}}"
"Previous studies have demonstrated the interaction of MTX and a variety of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with various clinical manifestations including acute renal failure, pancytopenia, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated liver transaminases, jaundice, mucosal ulcerations, and pyrexia.",MTX,vomiting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [205], 'end_char': [213]}}"
We hypothesize that decreased renal elimination of MTX induced by the COX-2 inhibitor resulted in enhanced hematopoietic toxicity and immunosuppression causing the EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease.,MTX,EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [206]}}"
We hypothesize that decreased renal elimination of MTX induced by the COX-2 inhibitor resulted in enhanced hematopoietic toxicity and immunosuppression causing the EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease.,MTX,hematopoietic toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [129]}}"
We hypothesize that decreased renal elimination of MTX induced by the COX-2 inhibitor resulted in enhanced hematopoietic toxicity and immunosuppression causing the EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease.,MTX,immunosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [151]}}"
OBSERVATIONS: We observed aggravation and spreading of a psoriatic plaque when treated topically with the toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist imiquimod.,imiquimod,aggravation and spreading of a psoriatic plaque,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Psoriasis triggered by toll-like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod in the presence of dermal plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors.,imiquimod,Psoriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"Since imiquimod induces large amounts of type I interferon production from TLR7-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors (PDCs), the natural interferon-producing cells of the peripheral blood, we asked whether PDCs are present in psoriatic skin.",imiquimod,large amounts of type I interferon production,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"The exacerbation of psoriasis was accompanied by a massive induction of lesional type I interferon activity, detected by MxA expression after imiquimod therapy.",imiquimod,exacerbation of psoriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"Vision declined after treatment with methylprednisolone, after which fundus examination became consistent with progressive outer retinal necrosis.",methylprednisolone,Vision declined,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"Allergic side effects of AZA are rare, and reported allergic skin eruptions from AZA are very limited in Japan.",AZA,allergic skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 81], 'end_char': [28, 84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"Allergic side effects of AZA are rare, and reported allergic skin eruptions from AZA are very limited in Japan.",AZA,allergic skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 81], 'end_char': [28, 84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"DLST is a good diagnostic tool for AZA allergy, especially for severe drug allergy cases.",AZA,allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39, 75], 'end_char': [46, 82]}}"
Drug eruption caused by azathioprine: value of using the drug-induced lymphocytes stimulation test for diagnosis.,azathioprine,Drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We report AZA-induced drug eruption that developed in two cases of systemic scleroderma with polymyositis.,AZA,drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Tardive dyskinesia in 2 patients treated with ziprasidone.,ziprasidone,Tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Two of our patients developed TD after 23 months and 34 months of ziprasidone monotherapy, respectively.",ziprasidone,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug that is believed to have a low propensity for inducing extrapyramidal symptoms, including tardive dyskinesia (TD).",Ziprasidone,extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug that is believed to have a low propensity for inducing extrapyramidal symptoms, including tardive dyskinesia (TD).",Ziprasidone,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [154]}}"
"Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug that is believed to have a low propensity for inducing extrapyramidal symptoms, including tardive dyskinesia (TD).",Ziprasidone,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [158]}}"
Asthenozoospermia: possible association with long-term exposure to an anti-epileptic drug of carbamazepine.,carbamazepine,Asthenozoospermia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"The patient was found to have no motile sperm with a normal sperm count, while taking a dose of 400 mg/day of carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,no motile sperm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Scrotal ulceration induced by all-trans retinoic acid in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia.,retinoic acid,Scrotal ulceration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
The ulcer did not respond to antibiotic treatment and healed shortly after withholding ATRA.,ATRA,ulcer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [9]}}"
We report the development of scrotal ulcer in a patient with acute promyleocytic leukemia (APL) within 10 days of treatment with ATRA at a dose of 40 mg orally twice daily.,ATRA,scrotal ulcer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [42]}}"
A case of clozapine-induced tonic-clonic seizures managed with valproate: implications for clinical care.,clozapine,tonic-clonic seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"Following discontinuation of clozapine, she was rechallenged and again was observed to have seizures.",clozapine,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"These findings suggest that clozapine-induced seizures can be successfully treated, that gradual dose titration can reduce the likelihood of further episodes of seizures and that concomitant use of a suitable mood stabilizer/anti-epileptic medication can improve the outcome of treatment-resistant schizophrenia.",clozapine,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46, 161], 'end_char': [54, 169]}}"
We describe a case of clozapine-induced seizures in a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.,clozapine,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [48]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms and pathologic changes of colitis are associated with exposure to rofecoxib.,rofecoxib,colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [55]}}"
OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and pathologic findings in patients noted to develop lower gastrointestinal symptoms when exposed to rofecoxib.,rofecoxib,lower gastrointestinal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [117]}}"
RESULTS: Three patients who developed symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during rofecoxib exposure are described along with pathology findings.,rofecoxib,IBD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [81]}}"
RESULTS: Three patients who developed symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during rofecoxib exposure are described along with pathology findings.,rofecoxib,inflammatory bowel disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"After administration of Oxybutynin concomitantly with an increase in the dose of Dantrolene, she presented the clinical symptoms and laboratory finding of Carbamazepine intoxication.",Carbamazepine,Carbamazepine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [181]}}"
"After administration of Oxybutynin concomitantly with an increase in the dose of Dantrolene, she presented the clinical symptoms and laboratory finding of Carbamazepine intoxication.",Dantrolene,Carbamazepine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [181]}}"
"After administration of Oxybutynin concomitantly with an increase in the dose of Dantrolene, she presented the clinical symptoms and laboratory finding of Carbamazepine intoxication.",Oxybutynin,Carbamazepine intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [181]}}"
Carbamazepine toxicity following Oxybutynin and Dantrolene administration: a case report.,Carbamazepine,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Carbamazepine toxicity following Oxybutynin and Dantrolene administration: a case report.,Dantrolene,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Carbamazepine toxicity following Oxybutynin and Dantrolene administration: a case report.,Oxybutynin,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Carbamazepine toxicity following the administration of Oxybutynin and Dantrolene.,Carbamazepine,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Carbamazepine toxicity following the administration of Oxybutynin and Dantrolene.,Dantrolene,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Carbamazepine toxicity following the administration of Oxybutynin and Dantrolene.,Oxybutynin,Carbamazepine toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported patient with captopril-induced pemphigus in whom no new lesions developed after subsequent treatment with enalapril.",captopril,pemphigus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"We report a case of drug-induced pemphigus caused by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril.",captopril,pemphigus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"Neuropathy is a significant side effect of thalidomide therapy, which may limit its clinical use.",thalidomide,Neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Thalidomide neuropathy in childhood.,Thalidomide,neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Thalidomide neuropathy is often associated with proximal weakness and may progress even after discontinuation of treatment, in the phenomenon of 'coasting'.",Thalidomide,neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Thalidomide neuropathy is often associated with proximal weakness and may progress even after discontinuation of treatment, in the phenomenon of 'coasting'.",Thalidomide,proximal weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Thalidomide was withdrawn from world markets in 1961 following recognition of its teratogenic effects.,Thalidomide,teratogenic effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"We report four cases of sensorimotor axonal neuropathy in children aged 10-15 years, treated with thalidomide for myxopapillary ependymoma, Crohn's disease and recurrent giant aphthous ulceration.",thalidomide,sensorimotor axonal neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [54]}}"
Cerebral edema associated with Gliadel wafers: two case studies.,Gliadel,Cerebral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Following are two clinical case reports demonstrating profound cerebral edema associated with implantation of Gliadel wafers.,Gliadel,cerebral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [77]}}"
"While the introduction of carmustine wafers (Gliadel wafers) into the tumor resection cavity has been shown to be a beneficial therapy for malignant glioma, it is recognized that clinically significant cerebral edema is a potential adverse effect.",carmustine,cerebral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [216]}}"
"While the introduction of carmustine wafers (Gliadel wafers) into the tumor resection cavity has been shown to be a beneficial therapy for malignant glioma, it is recognized that clinically significant cerebral edema is a potential adverse effect.",Gliadel,cerebral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [216]}}"
Cis-retinoic acid (RA) may further increase the risk of developing BMTN.,Cis-retinoic acid,BMTN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Cis-retinoic acid (RA) may further increase the risk of developing BMTN.,RA,BMTN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [71]}}"
It is likely that RA contributed to the deterioration in renal function in these patients.,RA,deterioration in renal function,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Retinoic acid may increase the risk of bone marrow transplant nephropathy.,Retinoic acid,bone marrow transplant nephropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [73]}}"
The occurrence of BMTN in two children treated with RA in our unit is unlikely to be coincidental.,RA,BMTN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [22]}}"
He developed a late secondary infection in some sites treated with imiquimod.,imiquimod,secondary infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A 64-year-old man with schizophrenia developed myoclonic jerks when given higher doses of quetiapine.,quetiapine,myoclonic jerks,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Quetiapine-induced myoclonus.,Quetiapine,myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}}"
We report a case of myoclonus induced by quetiapine.,quetiapine,myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Treatment-related myelodysplastic syndrome after temozolomide for recurrent high-grade glioma.,temozolomide,myelodysplastic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report a 44-year-old woman with t-MDS (refractory anemia with excess blasts) following treatment of recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma with temozolomide (TMZ).,temozolomide,refractory anemia with excess blasts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [78]}}"
We report a 44-year-old woman with t-MDS (refractory anemia with excess blasts) following treatment of recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma with temozolomide (TMZ).,TMZ,refractory anemia with excess blasts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"Typically, drug-induced neutropenia occurs in a patient receiving a semisynthetic penicillin for two weeks or more.",penicillin,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Livedo reticularis associated with interferon alpha therapy in two melanoma patients.,interferon alpha,Livedo reticularis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
These cases highlight the occurrence of livedo reticularis as an uncommon side-effect of interferon alpha treatment.,interferon alpha,livedo reticularis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
We report two patients who developed intense livedo reticularis clearly related to the administration of interferon alpha 2b as an adjuvant therapy for melanoma.,interferon alpha 2b,livedo reticularis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [63]}}"
CONCLUSION: This rare case of PTU-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis manifested with ototoxicity in combination with systemic involvement.,PTU,ANCA-associated vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [68]}}"
CONCLUSION: This rare case of PTU-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis manifested with ototoxicity in combination with systemic involvement.,PTU,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [96]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a young woman with Graves' disease in whom ototoxicity developed because of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.,propylthiouracil,antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a young woman with Graves' disease in whom ototoxicity developed because of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.,PTU,antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a young woman with Graves' disease in whom ototoxicity developed because of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.,propylthiouracil,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [87]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a young woman with Graves' disease in whom ototoxicity developed because of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.,PTU,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Propylthiouracil-induced sensorineural hearing loss associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.,Propylthiouracil,antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Propylthiouracil-induced sensorineural hearing loss associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.,Propylthiouracil,sensorineural hearing loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"RESULTS: In a 22-year-old Thai woman with Graves' disease, tinnitus, hearing impairment in the left ear (with progression to the right ear), and vertigo developed after 3 years of therapy with PTU.",PTU,hearing impairment in the left ear (with progression to the right ear),"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"RESULTS: In a 22-year-old Thai woman with Graves' disease, tinnitus, hearing impairment in the left ear (with progression to the right ear), and vertigo developed after 3 years of therapy with PTU.",PTU,tinnitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"RESULTS: In a 22-year-old Thai woman with Graves' disease, tinnitus, hearing impairment in the left ear (with progression to the right ear), and vertigo developed after 3 years of therapy with PTU.",PTU,vertigo,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [152]}}"
The hearing impairment and tinnitus were gradually reduced after PTU withdrawal and corticosteroid and azathioprine treatment.,PTU,hearing impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The hearing impairment and tinnitus were gradually reduced after PTU withdrawal and corticosteroid and azathioprine treatment.,PTU,tinnitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Anti-tuberculous drugs had been stopped on the 2nd day of therapy due to development of optic neuritis secondary to ethambutol administration at another hospital.,ethambutol,optic neuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [102]}}"
"During the anti-tuberculous therapy, visual loss can be related to ethambutol toxicity or the tuberculosis infection itself.",ethambutol,visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"In addition, ethambutol rarely causes visual loss during the early period or when given at lower doses.",ethambutol,visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Flucloxacillin-induced aplastic anaemia and liver failure.,Flucloxacillin,aplastic anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Flucloxacillin-induced aplastic anaemia and liver failure.,Flucloxacillin,liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [57]}}"
It is well-recognized that flucloxacillin may occasionally result in fatal hepatic injury.,flucloxacillin,fatal hepatic injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [89]}}"
We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who developed fulminant hepatic failure and aplastic anaemia following a course of oral flucloxacillin.,flucloxacillin,aplastic anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [102]}}"
We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who developed fulminant hepatic failure and aplastic anaemia following a course of oral flucloxacillin.,flucloxacillin,fulminant hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"Four days after intravenous Zoledronic acid, the patient presented to emergency room with complaints of carpopedal spasm and bronchospasm.",Zoledronic acid,bronchospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"Four days after intravenous Zoledronic acid, the patient presented to emergency room with complaints of carpopedal spasm and bronchospasm.",Zoledronic acid,carpopedal spasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [120]}}"
Zoledronic acid-induced severe hypocalcaemia in a prostate cancer patient with extensive osteoblastic bone metastases.,Zoledronic acid,severe hypocalcaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [44]}}"
This case report describes an adolescent with severe lupus erythematosus who received cyclophosphamide (CY) paired with taste (cod liver oil) and smell (rose perfume) as conditioned stimuli.,CY,severe lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [72]}}"
This case report describes an adolescent with severe lupus erythematosus who received cyclophosphamide (CY) paired with taste (cod liver oil) and smell (rose perfume) as conditioned stimuli.,cyclophosphamide,severe lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Mucosal pigmentation after oral lichen planus treatment with topical tacrolimus.,tacrolimus,Mucosal pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
The relation between tacrolimus treatment and staining was suggested by the appearance of pigmentation during topical tacrolimus treatment and its clinical disappearance when treatment was stopped.,tacrolimus,pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21, 118], 'end_char': [31, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [102]}}"
The relation between tacrolimus treatment and staining was suggested by the appearance of pigmentation during topical tacrolimus treatment and its clinical disappearance when treatment was stopped.,tacrolimus,pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21, 118], 'end_char': [31, 128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [102]}}"
We report the first histopathologically documented case of oral mucosa pigmentation after OLP treatment with topical tacrolimus.,tacrolimus,oral mucosa pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"Recently, some studies have also reported association between patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) treated with Methotrexate (MTX) and malignant lymphoma developing.",Methotrexate,malignant lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"Recently, some studies have also reported association between patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) treated with Methotrexate (MTX) and malignant lymphoma developing.",MTX,malignant lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"Risperidone is a frequently used member of a new class of atypical antipsychotics-the serotonin-dopamine antagonists (SDAs)-due to its comparatively high efficacy and low D2/5HT2 binding ratio, which results in a low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects including tardive dyskinesia (TD).",Risperidone,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [268], 'end_char': [286]}}"
"Risperidone is a frequently used member of a new class of atypical antipsychotics-the serotonin-dopamine antagonists (SDAs)-due to its comparatively high efficacy and low D2/5HT2 binding ratio, which results in a low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects including tardive dyskinesia (TD).",Risperidone,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [288], 'end_char': [290]}}"
Risperidone withdrawal-related respiratory dyskinesia: a case diagnosed by spirography and fibroscopy.,Risperidone,respiratory dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"The authors present an elderly patient with mixed dementia who developed TD at multiple sites, (including respiratory dyskinesia [RD], limb dyskinesia, and orofacial dyskinesia) following abrupt withdrawal of risperidone therapy.",risperidone,limb dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"The authors present an elderly patient with mixed dementia who developed TD at multiple sites, (including respiratory dyskinesia [RD], limb dyskinesia, and orofacial dyskinesia) following abrupt withdrawal of risperidone therapy.",risperidone,orofacial dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [176]}}"
"The authors present an elderly patient with mixed dementia who developed TD at multiple sites, (including respiratory dyskinesia [RD], limb dyskinesia, and orofacial dyskinesia) following abrupt withdrawal of risperidone therapy.",risperidone,RD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [132]}}"
"The authors present an elderly patient with mixed dementia who developed TD at multiple sites, (including respiratory dyskinesia [RD], limb dyskinesia, and orofacial dyskinesia) following abrupt withdrawal of risperidone therapy.",risperidone,respiratory dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"The authors present an elderly patient with mixed dementia who developed TD at multiple sites, (including respiratory dyskinesia [RD], limb dyskinesia, and orofacial dyskinesia) following abrupt withdrawal of risperidone therapy.",risperidone,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"Therefore, clinicians should pay close attention to possible onset of RD in patients with multiple risk factors for TD, even when SDA therapy is used.",SDA,RD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"In this study, we report on three individual patients who received BTX-B and who subsequently developed parasympathetic dysfunction of the visual system after injections of BTX-B at remote sites.",BTX-B,parasympathetic dysfunction of the visual system,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67, 173], 'end_char': [72, 178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"In this study, we report on three individual patients who received BTX-B and who subsequently developed parasympathetic dysfunction of the visual system after injections of BTX-B at remote sites.",BTX-B,parasympathetic dysfunction of the visual system,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67, 173], 'end_char': [72, 178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"To date, there have been few reports of visual disturbances associated with BTX-B use.",BTX-B,visual disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Visual system side effects caused by parasympathetic dysfunction after botulinum toxin type B injections.,botulinum toxin type B,parasympathetic dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Visual system side effects caused by parasympathetic dysfunction after botulinum toxin type B injections.,botulinum toxin type B,Visual system side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Enalapril-induced anemia in two kidney transplant recipients.,Enalapril,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Two renal transplant patients developed anemia during treatment of hypertension with enalapril medication.,enalapril,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [46]}}"
A 74-year-old hypercholestrerolaemic woman taking cerivastatin (0.15 mg/day) for 22 days complained of general muscle weakness and muscle pain.,cerivastatin,muscle pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [142]}}"
A 74-year-old hypercholestrerolaemic woman taking cerivastatin (0.15 mg/day) for 22 days complained of general muscle weakness and muscle pain.,cerivastatin,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [126]}}"
Clearance rates of cerivastatin metabolites in a patient with cerivastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis.,cerivastatin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19, 62], 'end_char': [31, 74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [97]}}"
We report on a patient who developed acute rhabdomyolysis after taking cerivastatin.,cerivastatin,acute rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Carboplatin hypersensitivity induced by low-dose paclitaxel/carboplatin in multiple platinum-treated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.,Carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Carboplatin hypersensitivity induced by low-dose paclitaxel/carboplatin in multiple platinum-treated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.,carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Carboplatin hypersensitivity induced by low-dose paclitaxel/carboplatin in multiple platinum-treated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.,paclitaxel,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,apnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,cardiac arrest,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [159]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,severe hypersensitivity reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.",CBDCA,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [206], 'end_char': [211]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [176]}}"
"Our report suggested that CBDCA hypersensitivity was correlated with the total dose of previously administered platinum agents and that CBDCA should be excluded in patients who have received multiple platinum-based chemotherapy, even in platinum-sensitive cases, because CBDCA hypersensitivity can occur even with low-dose CBDCA administration.",CBDCA,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26, 136, 271, 323], 'end_char': [31, 141, 276, 328]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32, 277], 'end_char': [48, 293]}}"
"Our report suggested that CBDCA hypersensitivity was correlated with the total dose of previously administered platinum agents and that CBDCA should be excluded in patients who have received multiple platinum-based chemotherapy, even in platinum-sensitive cases, because CBDCA hypersensitivity can occur even with low-dose CBDCA administration.",CBDCA,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26, 136, 271, 323], 'end_char': [31, 141, 276, 328]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32, 277], 'end_char': [48, 293]}}"
"Our report suggested that CBDCA hypersensitivity was correlated with the total dose of previously administered platinum agents and that CBDCA should be excluded in patients who have received multiple platinum-based chemotherapy, even in platinum-sensitive cases, because CBDCA hypersensitivity can occur even with low-dose CBDCA administration.",CBDCA,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26, 136, 271, 323], 'end_char': [31, 141, 276, 328]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32, 277], 'end_char': [48, 293]}}"
"Our report suggested that CBDCA hypersensitivity was correlated with the total dose of previously administered platinum agents and that CBDCA should be excluded in patients who have received multiple platinum-based chemotherapy, even in platinum-sensitive cases, because CBDCA hypersensitivity can occur even with low-dose CBDCA administration.",CBDCA,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26, 136, 271, 323], 'end_char': [31, 141, 276, 328]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32, 277], 'end_char': [48, 293]}}"
We report five cases of carboplatin (CBDCA) hypersensitivity after weekly low-dose paclitaxel (60 mg/m2)/CBDCA (area under the concentration curve = 2) therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving multiple platinum-based chemotherapy.,carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [60]}}"
We report five cases of carboplatin (CBDCA) hypersensitivity after weekly low-dose paclitaxel (60 mg/m2)/CBDCA (area under the concentration curve = 2) therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving multiple platinum-based chemotherapy.,CBDCA,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37, 105], 'end_char': [42, 110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [60]}}"
We report five cases of carboplatin (CBDCA) hypersensitivity after weekly low-dose paclitaxel (60 mg/m2)/CBDCA (area under the concentration curve = 2) therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving multiple platinum-based chemotherapy.,paclitaxel,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [60]}}"
TREATMENT/OUTCOME: Standard anti-tuberculosis therapy was administered but was complicated by interaction with cyclosporine and drug-induced cholestasis.,cyclosporine,cholestasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [152]}}"
Chronic fentanyl application induces adrenocortical insufficiency.,fentanyl,adrenocortical insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [65]}}"
We report a case of a 64-year-old man with secondary adrenocortical insufficiency who has been on a chronic transdermal fentanyl treatment because of sciatic pain syndrome.,fentanyl,adrenocortical insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Fluphenazine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a schizophrenic patient.,Fluphenazine,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [51]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) associated with fluphenazine in a schizophrenic patient and review the literature related to this condition.,fluphenazine,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [61]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) associated with fluphenazine in a schizophrenic patient and review the literature related to this condition.,fluphenazine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Intraventricular vancomycin-induced cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia: report of two patients.,vancomycin,cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [68]}}"
We propose a mechanism of vancomycin-induced mast cell degranulation and subsequent release of eosinophil chemotactic factor as a cause of CSFE.,vancomycin,CSFE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [143]}}"
We report two cases of cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia (CSFE) secondary to the intraventricular administration of vancomycin.,vancomycin,cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [55]}}"
We report two cases of cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia (CSFE) secondary to the intraventricular administration of vancomycin.,vancomycin,CSFE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"Successful recovery from interstitial pneumonitis, induced by bicalutamide and leuprorelin acetate given as treatment for prostate cancer.",bicalutamide,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"Successful recovery from interstitial pneumonitis, induced by bicalutamide and leuprorelin acetate given as treatment for prostate cancer.",leuprorelin acetate,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"We report a case of interstitial pneumonitis induced by bicalutamide and/or leuprorelin acetate given as therapy for prostate cancer, in which the pneumonitis was successfully managed by steroid treatment.",bicalutamide,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"We report a case of interstitial pneumonitis induced by bicalutamide and/or leuprorelin acetate given as therapy for prostate cancer, in which the pneumonitis was successfully managed by steroid treatment.",leuprorelin acetate,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: In these 3 cases, the unique positive ocular finding was corneal endothelial deposits, which may be related to the use of rifabutin.",rifabutin,corneal endothelial deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Corneal endothelial deposits associated with rifabutin use.,rifabutin,Corneal endothelial deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to report on the possible development of corneal endothelial deposits resulting from the use of rifabutin.,rifabutin,corneal endothelial deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [104]}}"
RESULTS: All cases developed corneal endothelial deposits after previous use of rifabutin.,rifabutin,corneal endothelial deposits,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [57]}}"
CASE: A malignant mixed mesodermal tumor was diagnosed in a 64-year-old woman with a bicornuate uterus while she was taking raloxifene for osteoporosis prevention.,raloxifene,malignant mixed mesodermal tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [40]}}"
CONCLUSION: There may be an association between raloxifene and the development of malignant mixed mesodermal tumor.,raloxifene,malignant mixed mesodermal tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [114]}}"
Malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the uterus in a patient taking raloxifene.,raloxifene,Malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the uterus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [45]}}"
"We report a case of a women in whom a malignant mixed mesodermal tumor was diagnosed while she was taking raloxifene, which is also a selective estrogen receptor modulator.",raloxifene,malignant mixed mesodermal tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Herein we report four patients who underwent liver transplantation and developed neutropenia while receiving MMF.,MMF,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [92]}}"
Mycophenolate mofetil-induced neutropenia in liver transplantation.,Mycophenolate mofetil,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [41]}}"
The mean time from starting MMF to the development of neutropenia was 4 months.,MMF,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"The side effects of MMF, such as bone marrow toxicity, have been reported.",MMF,bone marrow toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [53]}}"
A previous review described data on 15 patients who experienced acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP or secondary thrombocytopenia.,anti-D IGIV,acute hemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [84]}}"
A previous review described data on 15 patients who experienced acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP or secondary thrombocytopenia.,anti-D IGIV,hemoglobinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following Rh(0)(D) immune globulin intravenous administration for immune thrombocytopenic purpura.,Rh(0)(D) immune globulin,acute hemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following Rh(0)(D) immune globulin intravenous administration for immune thrombocytopenic purpura.,Rh(0)(D) immune globulin,Disseminated intravascular coagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following Rh(0)(D) immune globulin intravenous administration for immune thrombocytopenic purpura.,Rh(0)(D) immune globulin,hemoglobinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"That review suggested that patients receiving anti-D IGIV be monitored for those and other potential complications of hemoglobinemia, particularly disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).",anti-D IGIV,DIC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"That review suggested that patients receiving anti-D IGIV be monitored for those and other potential complications of hemoglobinemia, particularly disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).",anti-D IGIV,disseminated intravascular coagulation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [185]}}"
"That review suggested that patients receiving anti-D IGIV be monitored for those and other potential complications of hemoglobinemia, particularly disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).",anti-D IGIV,hemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [132]}}"
The purpose of this review is to increase awareness among physicians and other health care professionals that DIC may be a rare but potentially severe complication of anti-D IGIV treatment.,anti-D IGIV,DIC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [113]}}"
This review presents the first case series of DIC associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP.,anti-D IGIV,acute hemoglobinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [86]}}"
This review presents the first case series of DIC associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP.,anti-D IGIV,DIC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [49]}}"
This review presents the first case series of DIC associated with acute hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP.,anti-D IGIV,hemoglobinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"After the second infliximab infusion, he was found to have a severe transient neutropenia (0.5 x 10(9)/L).",infliximab,severe transient neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Drug-induced agranulocytosis during treatment with infliximab in enteropathic spondyloarthropathy.,infliximab,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [28]}}"
These data indicated that infliximab possibly triggered production of granulocyte and neutrophil autoantibodies with resultant autoimmune agranulocytosis.,infliximab,autoimmune agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [153]}}"
These data indicated that infliximab possibly triggered production of granulocyte and neutrophil autoantibodies with resultant autoimmune agranulocytosis.,infliximab,production of granulocyte and neutrophil autoantibodies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"However, peripheral neuropathy and bone marrow depression led to linezolid withdrawal in seven patients, and neuropathy may not be fully reversible in all patients.",linezolid,bone marrow depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"However, peripheral neuropathy and bone marrow depression led to linezolid withdrawal in seven patients, and neuropathy may not be fully reversible in all patients.",linezolid,neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20, 109], 'end_char': [30, 119]}}"
"However, peripheral neuropathy and bone marrow depression led to linezolid withdrawal in seven patients, and neuropathy may not be fully reversible in all patients.",linezolid,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"Six patients developed peripheral neuropathy and five patients bone marrow depression, blood transfusions were given to three patients and in all five patients bone marrow function normalized after cessation of linezolid.",linezolid,bone marrow depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"Six patients developed peripheral neuropathy and five patients bone marrow depression, blood transfusions were given to three patients and in all five patients bone marrow function normalized after cessation of linezolid.",linezolid,peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [220]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"A case of high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, confined into an intrauterine polypoid growth, in a woman with a history of breast cancer who was treated with adjuvant tamoxifen.",tamoxifen,high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"A case of high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, confined into an intrauterine polypoid growth, in a woman with a history of breast cancer who was treated with adjuvant tamoxifen.",tamoxifen,intrauterine polypoid growth,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [95]}}"
High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer.,tamoxifen,High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"In deciding if tamoxifen therapy is warranted, all potentially life-threatening adverse events associated with tamoxifen should be considered, including endometrial adenocarcinoma or uterine sarcoma.",tamoxifen,endometrial adenocarcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 111], 'end_char': [24, 120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [179]}}"
"In deciding if tamoxifen therapy is warranted, all potentially life-threatening adverse events associated with tamoxifen should be considered, including endometrial adenocarcinoma or uterine sarcoma.",tamoxifen,endometrial adenocarcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 111], 'end_char': [24, 120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [153], 'end_char': [179]}}"
"In deciding if tamoxifen therapy is warranted, all potentially life-threatening adverse events associated with tamoxifen should be considered, including endometrial adenocarcinoma or uterine sarcoma.",tamoxifen,uterine sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 111], 'end_char': [24, 120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [198]}}"
"In deciding if tamoxifen therapy is warranted, all potentially life-threatening adverse events associated with tamoxifen should be considered, including endometrial adenocarcinoma or uterine sarcoma.",tamoxifen,uterine sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 111], 'end_char': [24, 120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [198]}}"
"After only the third dose of pentamidine, it was noted that the patient's heart rate had decreased to 48 beats/minute.",pentamidine,heart rate had decreased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"Although various manifestations of pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity have been reported, to our knowledge, second-degree heart block associated with this agent has not been described.",pentamidine,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"Although various manifestations of pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity have been reported, to our knowledge, second-degree heart block associated with this agent has not been described.",pentamidine,second-degree heart block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [133]}}"
Clinicians should be vigilant when monitoring for cardiotoxicity in patients receiving pentamidine throughout the duration of therapy.,pentamidine,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Early-onset pentamidine-associated second-degree heart block and sinus bradycardia: case report and review of the literature.,pentamidine,second-degree heart block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Early-onset pentamidine-associated second-degree heart block and sinus bradycardia: case report and review of the literature.,pentamidine,sinus bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Falling backward in two elderly patients taking bupropion.,bupropion,Falling backward,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
RESULTS: Both patients experienced a previously unreported side effect--falling backward--associated with bupropion use.,bupropion,falling backward,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Ophthalmologic and neurologic findings in two children exposed to vigabatrin in utero.,vigabatrin,Ophthalmologic and neurologic findings,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"The knowledge concerning VGB-associated visual dysfunction in pediatric patients, particularly in those who have been exposed to VGB in utero is limited.",VGB,visual dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 129], 'end_char': [28, 132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Vigabatrin-induced visual field defects are at present the most important safety issue in the use of the drug.,Vigabatrin,visual field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [39]}}"
We explored ophthalmic and neurologic findings in two children who have been exposed prenatally to VGB.,VGB,ophthalmic and neurologic findings,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",IFN,cotton wool spots,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",Interferon,cotton wool spots,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",IFN,retinal hemorrhages,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",Interferon,retinal hemorrhages,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",IFN,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-associated retinopathy is typically characterized by retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots at the posterior fundus, but visual function is usually maintained.",Interferon,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Clinical course of macular edema in two cases of interferon-associated retinopathy observed by optical coherence tomography.,interferon,macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Clinical course of macular edema in two cases of interferon-associated retinopathy observed by optical coherence tomography.,interferon,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"CONCLUSION: During and after IFN therapy, OCT is a useful examination technique for revealing macular edema in patients who have decreased vision.",IFN,decreased vision,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"CONCLUSION: During and after IFN therapy, OCT is a useful examination technique for revealing macular edema in patients who have decreased vision.",IFN,macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [107]}}"
Ophthalmologists should be aware of the ocular side effects of IFN therapy and carefully monitor patients for the possible occurrence of hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia.,IFN,hypoalbuminemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [152]}}"
Ophthalmologists should be aware of the ocular side effects of IFN therapy and carefully monitor patients for the possible occurrence of hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia.,IFN,ocular side effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Ophthalmologists should be aware of the ocular side effects of IFN therapy and carefully monitor patients for the possible occurrence of hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia.,IFN,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [173]}}"
"The former patient had complained once that his visual acuity had decreased after the termination of IFN therapy, and the latter patient complained twice during IFN therapy that his visual acuity had decreased.",IFN,visual acuity had decreased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101, 161], 'end_char': [104, 164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48, 182], 'end_char': [75, 209]}}"
"The former patient had complained once that his visual acuity had decreased after the termination of IFN therapy, and the latter patient complained twice during IFN therapy that his visual acuity had decreased.",IFN,visual acuity had decreased,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101, 161], 'end_char': [104, 164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48, 182], 'end_char': [75, 209]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,macular edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,reduced visual acuity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [154]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,reduced visual acuity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [154]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"With the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), two patients with IFN-associated retinopathy who had developed macular edema and reduced visual acuity during the clinical course of IFN therapy were observed.",IFN,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 185], 'end_char': [73, 188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [96]}}"
Late development of diabetes mellitus after interferon-alfa and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C: a case report.,interferon-alfa,diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Late development of diabetes mellitus after interferon-alfa and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C: a case report.,ribavirin,diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the late development of immune-mediated diabetes mellitus after completion of alfa-interferon therapy for hepatitis C in an Asian patient.,alfa-interferon,immune-mediated diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Cutaneous necrosis after injection of polyethylene glycol-modified interferon alfa.,interferon alfa,Cutaneous necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Cutaneous necrosis as a result of interferon alfa is an infrequent complication with unknown pathogenesis, in which a cutaneous local immune-mediated inflammatory process might be involved.",interferon alfa,Cutaneous necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
We report 5 patients (3 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b in association with oral ribavirin and two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia) who developed local cutaneous reactions at sites of injection after the administration of weekly subcutaneous injections of pegylated interferon alfa-2b at different doses.,pegylated interferon alfa-2b,local cutaneous reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 310], 'end_char': [99, 338]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [225]}}"
We report 5 patients (3 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b in association with oral ribavirin and two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia) who developed local cutaneous reactions at sites of injection after the administration of weekly subcutaneous injections of pegylated interferon alfa-2b at different doses.,pegylated interferon alfa-2b,local cutaneous reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71, 310], 'end_char': [99, 338]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [225]}}"
We report 5 patients (3 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b in association with oral ribavirin and two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia) who developed local cutaneous reactions at sites of injection after the administration of weekly subcutaneous injections of pegylated interferon alfa-2b at different doses.,ribavirin,local cutaneous reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [225]}}"
We review the literature on previously reported cases of cutaneous necrosis after injection of standard interferon alfa or pegylated interferon alfa-2b and discuss the different pathophysiologic mechanisms that might be involved.,interferon alfa,cutaneous necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104, 133], 'end_char': [119, 148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [75]}}"
We review the literature on previously reported cases of cutaneous necrosis after injection of standard interferon alfa or pegylated interferon alfa-2b and discuss the different pathophysiologic mechanisms that might be involved.,pegylated interferon alfa-2b,cutaneous necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Potential mechanisms involved in the occurrence of ischemic colitis in patients receiving tegaserod are also discussed.,tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Tegaserod-associated ischemic colitis.,Tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,irritable bowel syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [185]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,irritable bowel syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [185]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31, 124], 'end_char': [47, 140]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31, 124], 'end_char': [47, 140]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31, 124], 'end_char': [47, 140]}}"
"We describe the development of ischemic colitis in a woman who was treated with tegaserod and review the relationship among ischemic colitis, tegaserod use, and irritable bowel syndrome.",tegaserod,ischemic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 142], 'end_char': [89, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31, 124], 'end_char': [47, 140]}}"
"A 57-year-old man developed chronic, watery diarrhea four weeks after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy including lansoprazole followed by lansoprazole monotherapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease.",lansoprazole,"chronic, watery diarrhea","{'drug': {'start_char': [120, 145], 'end_char': [132, 157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"A 57-year-old man developed chronic, watery diarrhea four weeks after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy including lansoprazole followed by lansoprazole monotherapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease.",lansoprazole,"chronic, watery diarrhea","{'drug': {'start_char': [120, 145], 'end_char': [132, 157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Lansoprazole-associated collagenous colitis: a case report.,Lansoprazole,collagenous colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [43]}}"
The reported case represents an unusual association between medication with the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole and the development of collagenous colitis suggesting the importance of evaluation of drug use in patients with microscopic colitis.,lansoprazole,collagenous colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [157]}}"
46-year-old woman developed painful ulcers over her lower abdomen in the form of reticulate erythema after injecting interferon beta-1b subcutaneously for multiple sclerosis.,interferon beta-1b,painful ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [42]}}"
46-year-old woman developed painful ulcers over her lower abdomen in the form of reticulate erythema after injecting interferon beta-1b subcutaneously for multiple sclerosis.,interferon beta-1b,reticulate erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [100]}}"
Abdominal wall ulceration and mucinosis secondary to recombinant human interferon-beta-1b.,recombinant human interferon-beta-1b,Abdominal wall ulceration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Abdominal wall ulceration and mucinosis secondary to recombinant human interferon-beta-1b.,recombinant human interferon-beta-1b,mucinosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Itraconazole-related increased vincristine neurotoxicity: case report and review of literature.,Itraconazole,vincristine neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Itraconazole-related increased vincristine neurotoxicity: case report and review of literature.,vincristine,vincristine neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Nineteen cases of unusual enhanced vincristine neurotoxicity related to itraconazole have been reported in children.,itraconazole,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Nineteen cases of unusual enhanced vincristine neurotoxicity related to itraconazole have been reported in children.,vincristine,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,absence of deep reflexes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,mild left ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,mild weakness of the upper extremities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [190], 'end_char': [228]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,neurogenic bladder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,paralytic ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"Ten days after itraconazole was started, he developed paralytic ileus, neurogenic bladder, mild left ptosis, and absence of deep reflexes, with severe paralysis of the lower extremities and mild weakness of the upper extremities.",itraconazole,severe paralysis of the lower extremities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [185]}}"
"The authors suggest that in the absence of any proven benefit of itraconazole prophylaxis, and given the interaction of this drug with vincristine leading to severe and even potentially fatal toxicities, the combination use of these drugs should be avoided.",itraconazole,fatal toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [202]}}"
"The authors suggest that in the absence of any proven benefit of itraconazole prophylaxis, and given the interaction of this drug with vincristine leading to severe and even potentially fatal toxicities, the combination use of these drugs should be avoided.",vincristine,fatal toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [202]}}"
CASE REPORT: We report a case of intracerebral hemorrhage occurring in a middle-aged man who suffered from chronic sinusitis and had been ingesting pseudoephedrine daily for one year.,pseudoephedrine,intracerebral hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [163]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Only one report links phenylpropanolamine consumption to an intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with an AVM.,phenylpropanolamine,intracerebral hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Pseudoephedrine-induced hemorrhage associated with a cerebral vascular malformation.,Pseudoephedrine,cerebral vascular malformation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Pseudoephedrine-induced hemorrhage associated with a cerebral vascular malformation.,Pseudoephedrine,hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Since 1979, over 30 published case reports have documented the relationship between phenylpropanolamine and stroke.",phenylpropanolamine,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [114]}}"
This is a case of pseudoephedrine-induced intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with an underlying vascular malformation.,pseudoephedrine,intracerebral hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Rapid onset of quetiapine-induced diabetic ketoacidosis in an elderly patient: a case report.,quetiapine,diabetic ketoacidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [55]}}"
We report a case of reversible DKA and new-onset DM that developed in a demented patient who was treated with quetiapine for 14 days.,quetiapine,DKA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [34]}}"
We report a case of reversible DKA and new-onset DM that developed in a demented patient who was treated with quetiapine for 14 days.,quetiapine,DM,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Pulmonary leukostasis secondary to all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in first relapse.,all-trans retinoic acid,Pulmonary leukostasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Eruptive epidermoid cysts resulting from treatment with imiquimod.,imiquimod,Eruptive epidermoid cysts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
METHODS: A 79-year-old woman being treated with imiquimod 5 days per week for a nodular basal cell developed a verrucous plaque over the treatment area after 7 weeks of therapy.,imiquimod,verrucous plaque,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [127]}}"
The multiple comedones and ruptured epidermoid cysts are newly reported adverse effects of imiquimod therapy.,imiquimod,multiple comedones,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The multiple comedones and ruptured epidermoid cysts are newly reported adverse effects of imiquimod therapy.,imiquimod,ruptured epidermoid cysts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [52]}}"
We report an unusual case of massive fluoxetine ingestion resulting in neurological and cardiovascular toxicity resulting in death.,fluoxetine,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [130]}}"
We report an unusual case of massive fluoxetine ingestion resulting in neurological and cardiovascular toxicity resulting in death.,fluoxetine,neurological and cardiovascular toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [111]}}"
Hepatocellular damage following therapeutic intravenous iron sucrose infusion in a child.,iron sucrose,Hepatocellular damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"The case reported here is of a child given a large dose of intravenous iron sucrose (16 mg/kg) over 3 hours, who subsequently developed features of systemic iron toxicity.",iron sucrose,systemic iron toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [170]}}"
Five personal observations of an acute amnestic episode in younger individuals after intake of clioquinol are described together with three observations from the medical literature.,clioquinol,acute amnestic episode,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [55]}}"
The clinical aspect closely resembled classical transient global amnesia but the episode after clioquinol lasted longer (24 hours to three days) and a more or less extensive retrograde amnesia persisted permanently.,clioquinol,retrograde amnesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [192]}}"
The clinical aspect closely resembled classical transient global amnesia but the episode after clioquinol lasted longer (24 hours to three days) and a more or less extensive retrograde amnesia persisted permanently.,clioquinol,transient global amnesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Transient global amnesia after clioquinol: five personal observations from outside Japan.,clioquinol,Transient global amnesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"In the other patient, a 78-year-old woman, Neisseria mucosa knee arthritis occurred after a single sodium hyaluronate injection.",sodium hyaluronate,Neisseria mucosa knee arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [74]}}"
One patient was an 80-year-old woman who was admitted for Staphylococcus aureus knee arthritis after several intraarticular injections of sodium hyaluronate and corticosteroids.,corticosteroids,Staphylococcus aureus knee arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [94]}}"
One patient was an 80-year-old woman who was admitted for Staphylococcus aureus knee arthritis after several intraarticular injections of sodium hyaluronate and corticosteroids.,sodium hyaluronate,Staphylococcus aureus knee arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Septic knee arthritis after intra-articular hyaluronate injection.,hyaluronate,Septic knee arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Acute dystonia induced by lamivudine.,lamivudine,Acute dystonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"ADR induced by drug treatment can be a side effect of treatment with antipsychotic drugs and other drugs; however, there have been no reports of lamivudine-induced ADR in the English literature.",lamivudine,ADR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0, 164], 'end_char': [3, 167]}}"
The authors report two cases of acute dystonic reactions (ADRs) as a side effect of lamivudine.,lamivudine,acute dystonic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [56]}}"
The authors report two cases of acute dystonic reactions (ADRs) as a side effect of lamivudine.,lamivudine,ADRs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [62]}}"
"The authors think that although lamivudine is widely used and well tolerated, it can cause ADRs, which are reversible after drug withdrawal.",lamivudine,ADRs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Pleuropulmonary fibrosis after long-term treatment with the dopamine agonist pergolide for Parkinson Disease.,pergolide,Pleuropulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This observation of ""on-off"" risperidone treatment suggests that risperidone may have worsened both psychiatric and physical manifestations of the mitochondrial disorder in this adolescent.",risperidone,psychiatric and physical manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42, 78], 'end_char': [53, 89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This observation of ""on-off"" risperidone treatment suggests that risperidone may have worsened both psychiatric and physical manifestations of the mitochondrial disorder in this adolescent.",risperidone,psychiatric and physical manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42, 78], 'end_char': [53, 89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To our knowledge, this is the first published case report of an adolescent girl with a mitochondrial disorder and depression who displayed both new-onset psychotic and increased mood symptoms during treatment with risperidone.",risperidone,increased mood symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [225], 'end_char': [236]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [202]}}"
Risperidone-induced psychosis and depression in a child with a mitochondrial disorder.,Risperidone,depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Risperidone-induced psychosis and depression in a child with a mitochondrial disorder.,Risperidone,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Fatal radiation myelopathy after high-dose busulfan and melphalan chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Ewing's sarcoma: a review of the literature and implications for practice.,busulfan,Fatal radiation myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Fatal radiation myelopathy after high-dose busulfan and melphalan chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Ewing's sarcoma: a review of the literature and implications for practice.,melphalan,Fatal radiation myelopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Gemcitabine-induced pericardial effusion and tamponade after unblocked cardiac irradiation.,Gemcitabine,pericardial effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Gemcitabine-induced pericardial effusion and tamponade after unblocked cardiac irradiation.,Gemcitabine,tamponade,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}}"
Gemcitabine therapy has been associated with radiation recall reactions when used in the treatment of carcinoma.,Gemcitabine,radiation recall reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Physicians should be aware of the potential for developing a gemcitabine-induced radiation recall reaction resulting in hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion.,gemcitabine,pericardial effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [168]}}"
Physicians should be aware of the potential for developing a gemcitabine-induced radiation recall reaction resulting in hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion.,gemcitabine,radiation recall reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"We report four cases of hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion in patients with refractory lymphoma who were receiving gemcitabine, all of whom had a history of mediastinal radiation without subcarinal blocking.",gemcitabine,pericardial effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [72]}}"
A patient with generalized MG was effectively managed with MM but developed CNS lymphoma after 3 years of treatment.,MM,CNS lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"Despite minimal short-term side effects and apparent efficacy, chronic treatment of MG with MM may be associated with increased risk of lymphoproliferative disorders.",MM,lymphoproliferative disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [165]}}"
Primary CNS lymphoma complicating treatment of myasthenia gravis with mycophenolate mofetil.,mycophenolate mofetil,CNS lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Primary CNS lymphoma regressed on withdrawal of MM.,MM,CNS lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [20]}}"
Baclofen withdrawal: a cause of prolonged fever in the intensive care unit.,Baclofen,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from underdosing of oral baclofen should be considered as a potential source of prolonged fever in the intensive care unit.,Baclofen,withdrawal syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from underdosing of oral baclofen should be considered as a potential source of prolonged fever in the intensive care unit.,baclofen,withdrawal syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [28]}}"
The patient continued to have fever and autonomic instability without evidence of infection which entirely resolved within 24 hours of reinstitution of full preadmission dosing of oral baclofen.,baclofen,autonomic instability,"{'drug': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [61]}}"
The patient continued to have fever and autonomic instability without evidence of infection which entirely resolved within 24 hours of reinstitution of full preadmission dosing of oral baclofen.,baclofen,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We report a case of baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from oral baclofen underdosing.,baclofen,withdrawal syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20, 69], 'end_char': [28, 77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [48]}}"
We report a case of baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from oral baclofen underdosing.,baclofen,withdrawal syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20, 69], 'end_char': [28, 77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"After discontinuing captopril and starting systemic steroids, her symptomatology rapidly improved, and her eosinophilia and radiographic abnormalities both resolved.",captopril,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"After discontinuing captopril and starting systemic steroids, her symptomatology rapidly improved, and her eosinophilia and radiographic abnormalities both resolved.",captopril,radiographic abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [150]}}"
Captopril-induced pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia in an infant with congenital heart disease.,Captopril,pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [57]}}"
We report a case of an infant with complex congenital heart disease who was placed on captopril for afterload reduction following cardiac surgery and subsequently developed pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia.,captopril,pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [212]}}"
Can propofol precipitate pancreatitis in patients with Cushing's syndrome?,propofol,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [37]}}"
"Since elevated cortisol levels in Cushing's disease poses a threat for pancreatitis, there is a possibility that patients with Cushing's disease might be more prone to acute pancreatitis following propofol administration.",propofol,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [205]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"Since recent studies have reported no negative interactions with concurrent use, we here report three cases (one case of a prolonged seizure, a serotonin syndrome and a focal seizure) of severe lithium-induced side effects while patients underwent ECT without complications and lithium serum levels were still subtherapeutic.",lithium,focal seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [194, 278], 'end_char': [201, 285]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [182]}}"
"Since recent studies have reported no negative interactions with concurrent use, we here report three cases (one case of a prolonged seizure, a serotonin syndrome and a focal seizure) of severe lithium-induced side effects while patients underwent ECT without complications and lithium serum levels were still subtherapeutic.",lithium,prolonged seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [194, 278], 'end_char': [201, 285]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [140]}}"
"Since recent studies have reported no negative interactions with concurrent use, we here report three cases (one case of a prolonged seizure, a serotonin syndrome and a focal seizure) of severe lithium-induced side effects while patients underwent ECT without complications and lithium serum levels were still subtherapeutic.",lithium,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [194, 278], 'end_char': [201, 285]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [162]}}"
CD20-negative T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma as a progression of a nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with rituximab: a molecular analysis using laser capture microdissection.,rituximab,CD20-negative T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [41]}}"
"Recently, CD20-negative tumors have been described after Rituximab therapy.",Rituximab,CD20-negative tumors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [30]}}"
A 51-year old physically fit woman experienced angio-oedema and hypotensive shock after irbesartan ingestion requiring noradrenaline infusion.,irbesartan,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [59]}}"
A 51-year old physically fit woman experienced angio-oedema and hypotensive shock after irbesartan ingestion requiring noradrenaline infusion.,irbesartan,hypotensive shock,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"To our knowledge, our report is one of the first on shock and angio-oedema from irbesartan.",irbesartan,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"To our knowledge, our report is one of the first on shock and angio-oedema from irbesartan.",irbesartan,shock,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [57]}}"
She died within six weeks of developing congestive heart failure coupled with liver failure due to haemosiderosis despite regular use of desferrioxamine.,desferrioxamine,congestive heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [64]}}"
She died within six weeks of developing congestive heart failure coupled with liver failure due to haemosiderosis despite regular use of desferrioxamine.,desferrioxamine,haemosiderosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [113]}}"
She died within six weeks of developing congestive heart failure coupled with liver failure due to haemosiderosis despite regular use of desferrioxamine.,desferrioxamine,liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [91]}}"
Transfusion haemosiderosis inspite of regular use of desferrioxamine: case report.,desferrioxamine,Transfusion haemosiderosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"One of the side-effects of intravitreal triamcinolone is the development of cataract, and it is known that cataract extraction can exacerbate macular degeneration.",triamcinolone,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76, 107], 'end_char': [84, 115]}}"
Severe loss of vision after removal of cataract caused by intravitreal triamcinolone in combination with photodynamic therapy for exudative age-related macular degeneration.,triamcinolone,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Severe loss of vision after removal of cataract caused by intravitreal triamcinolone in combination with photodynamic therapy for exudative age-related macular degeneration.,triamcinolone,Severe loss of vision,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Rhabdomyolysis caused by tocolysis with oral ritodrine hydrochloride in a pregnant patient with myotonic dystrophy.,ritodrine hydrochloride,Rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Rhabdomyolysis has been recognized as a complication of tocolytic therapy with ritodrine hydrochloride.,ritodrine hydrochloride,Rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
We report here a rare case of ritodrine-hydrochloride-induced rhabdomyolysis in a pregnant patient with myotonic dystrophy.,ritodrine-hydrochloride,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Acute myocardial ischemia following accidental intravenous administration of epinephrine in high concentration.,epinephrine,Acute myocardial ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Inadvertent and accidental epinephrine overdose might result in potentially lethal complications.,epinephrine,lethal complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"We present a case of acute epinephrine toxicity resulting in acute myocardial ischemia in a young boy with combined variable immunodeficiency syndrome who developed severe allergic reaction to intravenous immunoglobulin, and was subsequently given epinephrine by mistake intravenously rather than subcutaneously.",epinephrine,acute myocardial ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27, 248], 'end_char': [38, 259]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"We present a case of acute epinephrine toxicity resulting in acute myocardial ischemia in a young boy with combined variable immunodeficiency syndrome who developed severe allergic reaction to intravenous immunoglobulin, and was subsequently given epinephrine by mistake intravenously rather than subcutaneously.",epinephrine,severe allergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27, 248], 'end_char': [38, 259]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [189]}}"
"We present a case of acute epinephrine toxicity resulting in acute myocardial ischemia in a young boy with combined variable immunodeficiency syndrome who developed severe allergic reaction to intravenous immunoglobulin, and was subsequently given epinephrine by mistake intravenously rather than subcutaneously.",epinephrine,severe allergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27, 248], 'end_char': [38, 259]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [189]}}"
Polysomnographic and pharmacokinetic findings in levodopa-induced augmentation of restless legs syndrome.,levodopa,restless legs syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Symptoms and signs of augmentation were related to low plasma levodopa levels, abating 75 minutes after oral levodopa administration and reappearing after 3 hours, closely mirroring the rapid rise and fall of plasma levodopa concentration.",levodopa,augmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62, 109, 216], 'end_char': [70, 117, 224]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Symptoms and signs of augmentation were related to low plasma levodopa levels, abating 75 minutes after oral levodopa administration and reappearing after 3 hours, closely mirroring the rapid rise and fall of plasma levodopa concentration.",levodopa,augmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62, 109, 216], 'end_char': [70, 117, 224]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.",levodopa,anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [202]}}"
"Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.",levodopa,flexor spasms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [233], 'end_char': [246]}}"
"Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.",levodopa,marked motor hyperactivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.",levodopa,painful dysesthesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [264], 'end_char': [283]}}"
"Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.",levodopa,tonic grouped discharges,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [228]}}"
We describe a patient with idiopathic RLS who developed augmentation after 8 months of levodopa treatment.,levodopa,augmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [68]}}"
The major side effect of infliximab is infection.,infliximab,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [48]}}"
This report describes a probable case of infliximab-induced membranous nephropathy.,infliximab,membranous nephropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Linezolid-induced dyserythropoiesis: chloramphenicol toxicity revisited.,Linezolid,dyserythropoiesis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We report here two cases of dyserythropoietic anaemia associated with long-term linezolid use that share striking similarities to chloramphenicol-associated myelotoxicity.,linezolid,dyserythropoietic anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [53]}}"
We report here two cases of dyserythropoietic anaemia associated with long-term linezolid use that share striking similarities to chloramphenicol-associated myelotoxicity.,chloramphenicol,myelotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A selective association between fluoxetine and extensive, prominent eye movements in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep was detected, utilizing Fisher's exact one-tailed statistic (p less than 0.00001 for each comparison).",fluoxetine,eye movements in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"In addition, a 31-year-old man with obsessive-compulsive disorder developed RBD soon after starting fluoxetine therapy, which persisted at PSG study 19 months after fluoxetine discontinuation.",fluoxetine,RBD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100, 165], 'end_char': [110, 175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"In addition, a 31-year-old man with obsessive-compulsive disorder developed RBD soon after starting fluoxetine therapy, which persisted at PSG study 19 months after fluoxetine discontinuation.",fluoxetine,RBD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100, 165], 'end_char': [110, 175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Prominent eye movements during NREM sleep and REM sleep behavior disorder associated with fluoxetine treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.,fluoxetine,Prominent eye movements during NREM sleep,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [41]}}"
Prominent eye movements during NREM sleep and REM sleep behavior disorder associated with fluoxetine treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.,fluoxetine,REM sleep behavior disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"Because of serious side effects of an increase in the QT interval causing torsades de pointes, dofetilide must be initiated with close monitoring of the QT interval in an inpatient setting.",dofetilide,increase in the QT interval,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"Because of serious side effects of an increase in the QT interval causing torsades de pointes, dofetilide must be initiated with close monitoring of the QT interval in an inpatient setting.",dofetilide,torsades de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes secondary to acute ischemia in an elderly man taking dofetilide for atrial fibrillation: a cautionary tale.,dofetilide,acute ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes secondary to acute ischemia in an elderly man taking dofetilide for atrial fibrillation: a cautionary tale.,dofetilide,Marked QT prolongation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes secondary to acute ischemia in an elderly man taking dofetilide for atrial fibrillation: a cautionary tale.,dofetilide,torsades de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [46]}}"
We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.,dofetilide,acute myocardial ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [135]}}"
We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.,dofetilide,flash pulmonary edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [94]}}"
We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.,dofetilide,QT prolongation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [32]}}"
We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.,dofetilide,torsades de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Prominent positive U waves appearing with high-dose intravenous phenylephrine.,phenylephrine,positive U waves,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"While on a maximal dose of phenylephrine she developed prominent positive U waves, which disappeared with the cessation of the drug.",phenylephrine,positive U waves,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Hepatoxicity is a rare complication of SRL therapy and may be connected with some diagnostic and/or therapeutic problems.,SRL,Hepatoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
Sirolimus-associated hepatotoxicity in the kidney graft recipient.,Sirolimus,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}}"
The aim of our paper was to describe hepatotoxicity of sirolimus (SRL) in a kidney graft recipient.,sirolimus,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [51]}}"
CASE REPORT: We present a case of a 28-yr-old male who developed a severe case of nephrotic syndrome while being treated for relapsing/remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) with weekly injections of interferon beta 1a.,interferon beta 1a,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [215]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [100]}}"
Nephrotic syndrome in a multiple sclerosis patient treated with interferon beta 1a.,interferon beta 1a,Nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
SUBSEQUENT COURSE: The nephrosis resolved almost completely once the interferon was stopped and after immunosuppressive treatment.,interferon,nephrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}}"
This latest (third) report suggests that the safety profile should be reexamined and at least raises the question of potential renal toxicity of interferons in MS.,interferons,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [141]}}"
Capecitabine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a report of five cases.,Capecitabine,multifocal leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [51]}}"
The authors report five additional cases of capecitabine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy.,capecitabine,multifocal leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [95]}}"
A 56-year-old white woman with a diagnosis of reactive depression developed severe UI after a 30 days' treatment with venlafaxine 75 mg/day.,venlafaxine,UI,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [85]}}"
The authors report a case of urinary incontinence (UI) that occurred in a woman after administration of venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,UI,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [53]}}"
The authors report a case of urinary incontinence (UI) that occurred in a woman after administration of venlafaxine.,venlafaxine,urinary incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Venlafaxine-induced urinary incontinence resolved after switching to sertraline.,Venlafaxine,urinary incontinence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Diagnosis of hypothyroidism during treatment can be difficult because of the common side effects of alpha interferon.,alpha interferon,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Sustained hypothyroidism induced by recombinant alpha interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C.,recombinant alpha interferon,Sustained hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Thyroid dysfunction has been reported in patients with malignant disease treated with recombinant alpha interferon.,recombinant alpha interferon,Thyroid dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Two cases of hypothyroidism in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with recombinant alpha interferon are reported.,recombinant alpha interferon,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Atrial fibrillation after vardenafil therapy.,vardenafil,Atrial fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"We report a case admitted with a first-detected, symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a healthy patient after self-medication with vardenafil.",vardenafil,symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [91]}}"
We describe a case of infection with Mycobacterium abscessus in a 67-year-old woman receiving infliximab as a component of her therapy for RA.,infliximab,Mycobacterium abscessus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [60]}}"
DIAGNOSIS: Interferon alpha-2b-induced cardiomyopathy.,Interferon alpha-2b,cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Reversible cardiomyopathy caused by administration of interferon alpha.,interferon alpha,Reversible cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
In this case senna was likely the cause of a subacute cholestatic hepatitis exemplifying again the potential role of herbal related liver injury.,senna,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [144]}}"
In this case senna was likely the cause of a subacute cholestatic hepatitis exemplifying again the potential role of herbal related liver injury.,senna,subacute cholestatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Subacute cholestatic hepatitis likely related to the use of senna for chronic constipation.,senna,Subacute cholestatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We report a case of senna-induced cholestatic hepatitis which was not diagnosed at presentation.,senna,cholestatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Based on the history and clinical features, a diagnosis of insulin-induced lipohypertrophy was made.",insulin,lipohypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Insulin-induced lipohypertrophy: report of a case with histopathology.,Insulin,lipohypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"Thus, the possible in vivo effects of insulin on adipocytes were clearly observed in this case of insulin-induced lipohypertrophy.",insulin,lipohypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38, 98], 'end_char': [45, 105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [129]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first report of insulin-induced lipohypertrophy with detailed histological examinations.",insulin,lipohypertrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [77]}}"
A 7-year-old girl developed diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after 3.5 years of almost continuous treatment with azathioprine and/or prednisone for idiopathic auto-immune haemolytic anaemia.,azathioprine,diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [45]}}"
A 7-year-old girl developed diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after 3.5 years of almost continuous treatment with azathioprine and/or prednisone for idiopathic auto-immune haemolytic anaemia.,prednisone,diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [45]}}"
A 7-year-old girl developed diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after 3.5 years of almost continuous treatment with azathioprine and/or prednisone for idiopathic auto-immune haemolytic anaemia.,azathioprine,exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [83]}}"
A 7-year-old girl developed diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after 3.5 years of almost continuous treatment with azathioprine and/or prednisone for idiopathic auto-immune haemolytic anaemia.,prednisone,exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [83]}}"
An objective causality assessment suggests that the JHR in our patient was probably related to penicillin.,penicillin,JHR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [55]}}"
CASE SUMMARY: A 45-year-old HIV-positive man (CD4+ count 450 cells/mm(3) and history of AIDS-defining illness) presented with JHR after an initial intravenous dose of penicillin G for presumed neurosyphilis.,penicillin G,JHR,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [129]}}"
Penicillin-induced Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.,Penicillin,Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [46]}}"
The patient described feeling cold with worsening headache and chills approximately one hour after infusion of the first dose of penicillin.,penicillin,chills,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [69]}}"
The patient described feeling cold with worsening headache and chills approximately one hour after infusion of the first dose of penicillin.,penicillin,feeling cold,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [34]}}"
The patient described feeling cold with worsening headache and chills approximately one hour after infusion of the first dose of penicillin.,penicillin,worsening headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Acute respiratory distress syndrome after rituximab infusion.,rituximab,Acute respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"ARDS has been associated with the administration of other monoclonal antibodies, such as infliximab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, and OKT3 and is believed to be directly mediated by release of proinflammatory cytokines.",gemtuzumab ozogamicin,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
"ARDS has been associated with the administration of other monoclonal antibodies, such as infliximab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, and OKT3 and is believed to be directly mediated by release of proinflammatory cytokines.",infliximab,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
"ARDS has been associated with the administration of other monoclonal antibodies, such as infliximab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, and OKT3 and is believed to be directly mediated by release of proinflammatory cytokines.",OKT3,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
"ARDS is rarely associated with rituximab infusion for lympho-proliferative disorders, but it should be considered by those administering rituximab, especially when a patient develops severe pulmonary symptoms soon after infusion.",rituximab,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31, 137], 'end_char': [40, 146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
"ARDS is rarely associated with rituximab infusion for lympho-proliferative disorders, but it should be considered by those administering rituximab, especially when a patient develops severe pulmonary symptoms soon after infusion.",rituximab,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31, 137], 'end_char': [40, 146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
"ARDS is rarely associated with rituximab infusion for lympho-proliferative disorders, but it should be considered by those administering rituximab, especially when a patient develops severe pulmonary symptoms soon after infusion.",rituximab,severe pulmonary symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31, 137], 'end_char': [40, 146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [208]}}"
"Dyspnea, hypoxemia, and pleuritic chest pain occurred within 24 hours of rituximab administration, and there was no other apparent explanation.",rituximab,Dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
"Dyspnea, hypoxemia, and pleuritic chest pain occurred within 24 hours of rituximab administration, and there was no other apparent explanation.",rituximab,hypoxemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Dyspnea, hypoxemia, and pleuritic chest pain occurred within 24 hours of rituximab administration, and there was no other apparent explanation.",rituximab,pleuritic chest pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Progressive hypoxemia mandated endotracheal intubation 1 week after rituximab administration and led to death 4 weeks after admission.,rituximab,Progressive hypoxemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
We report the case of a 43-year-old man with ITP refractory to steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a single infusion of rituximab.,rituximab,acute respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [152]}}"
We report the case of a 43-year-old man with ITP refractory to steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a single infusion of rituximab.,rituximab,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [158]}}"
Symptomatic hypocalcaemia and renal impairment associated with bisphosphonate treatment in patients with multiple myeloma.,bisphosphonate,renal impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Symptomatic hypocalcaemia and renal impairment associated with bisphosphonate treatment in patients with multiple myeloma.,bisphosphonate,Symptomatic hypocalcaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
We report three cases of severe hypocalcaemia associated with i.v. bisphosphonate treatment in patients with multiple myeloma.,bisphosphonate,severe hypocalcaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Gemcitabine-related radiation recall in a patient with pancreatic cancer.,Gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Gemcitabine should be added to the list of drugs known to cause radiation recall.,Gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"Radiation recall from gemcitabine is rare, but can potentially arise in any site that has been previously irradiated.",gemcitabine,Radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Radiation recall related to gemcitabine has been reported in lung and breast cancer.,gemcitabine,Radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
We report a patient with inoperable pancreatic cancer who developed gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to radiation-recall related to gemcitabine and review literature.,gemcitabine,gastrointestinal bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [93]}}"
We report a patient with inoperable pancreatic cancer who developed gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to radiation-recall related to gemcitabine and review literature.,gemcitabine,radiation-recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [123]}}"
We suggest discontinuing gemcitabine if radiation recall is observed.,gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [56]}}"
A 17-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed acute renal failure within 48 h of an intravenous high-dose methotrexate (5 g/m2) infusion.,methotrexate,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [81]}}"
High-dose methotrexate-associated acute renal failure may be an avoidable complication.,methotrexate,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"Methotrexate-associated nephropathy is a rare complication in pediatric oncology, and a review of the literature suggests that exposure to nephrotoxic agents may be a significant but perhaps underrecognized risk factor for its development.",Methotrexate,nephropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Massive prolapse of the urethral mucosa following periurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite for stress urinary incontinence.,calcium hydroxylapatite,prolapse of the urethral mucosa,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"The authors present a case report of a granulomatous reaction leading to urethral prolapse, 3 months after the transurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite.",calcium hydroxylapatite,granulomatous reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"The authors present a case report of a granulomatous reaction leading to urethral prolapse, 3 months after the transurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite.",calcium hydroxylapatite,urethral prolapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first granulomatous reaction described after calcium hydroxylapatite injection.",calcium hydroxylapatite,granulomatous reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 57-year-old female with cardiomyopathy and ""sulfa"" (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) allergy documented as pancreatitis presented with symptoms consistent with pancreatitis after use of furosemide.",furosemide,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [200], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121, 174], 'end_char': [133, 186]}}"
"In addition, while cases of loop diuretic-induced pancreatitis, including furosemide, have been published, the allergic manifestations with both sulfonamide antibiotics and non-antibiotics in our patient suggest possible cross-reactivity between these 2 drug classes.",furosemide,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Torsemide appears to also be a part of a long list of agents that can cause pancreatitis.,Torsemide,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicated with massive thrombosis of the inferior vena cava after filter placement.,Heparin,massive thrombosis of the inferior vena cava,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicated with massive thrombosis of the inferior vena cava after filter placement.,Heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"On the 3rd day, an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter was placed with a heparin flush, after which massive IVC thrombosis developed.",heparin,IVC thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"The patient was positive for antibody against complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4, and was diagnosed as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis syndrome (HITTS).",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59, 111], 'end_char': [66, 118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [143]}}"
"The patient was positive for antibody against complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4, and was diagnosed as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis syndrome (HITTS).",heparin,thrombosis syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59, 111], 'end_char': [66, 118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [168]}}"
"When thrombosis develops during heparin treatment, it is important to suspect HITTs and to assay for the associated antibodies, regardless of the actual platelet count.",heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"After gastric-outlet obstruction was recognized in several infants who received prostaglandin E1, we studied the association between the drug and this complication.",prostaglandin E1,gastric-outlet obstruction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [32]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of prostaglandin E1 to neonates can cause gastric-outlet obstruction due to antral hyperplasia.,prostaglandin E1,antral hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [126]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of prostaglandin E1 to neonates can cause gastric-outlet obstruction due to antral hyperplasia.,prostaglandin E1,gastric-outlet obstruction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"Moreover, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, cisplatin, tacrolimus, and interferon-alpha can induce a condition resembling RPLS.",cisplatin,RPLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"Moreover, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, cisplatin, tacrolimus, and interferon-alpha can induce a condition resembling RPLS.",cyclosporine,RPLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"Moreover, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, cisplatin, tacrolimus, and interferon-alpha can induce a condition resembling RPLS.",interferon-alpha,RPLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"Moreover, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, cisplatin, tacrolimus, and interferon-alpha can induce a condition resembling RPLS.",tacrolimus,RPLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus with thrombocytopenia treated with cyclosporine.,cyclosporine,Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"We report a case of a young woman with SLE and thrombocytopenia, who developed severe perspiration, headache, and seizure after receiving cyclosporine.",cyclosporine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"We report a case of a young woman with SLE and thrombocytopenia, who developed severe perspiration, headache, and seizure after receiving cyclosporine.",cyclosporine,seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"We report a case of a young woman with SLE and thrombocytopenia, who developed severe perspiration, headache, and seizure after receiving cyclosporine.",cyclosporine,severe perspiration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [98]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of exacerbated mania potentially related to an interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic acid (VPA) and propose a mechanism of action for this interaction.,lopinavir,mania,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of exacerbated mania potentially related to an interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic acid (VPA) and propose a mechanism of action for this interaction.,ritonavir,mania,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of exacerbated mania potentially related to an interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic acid (VPA) and propose a mechanism of action for this interaction.,valproic acid,mania,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of exacerbated mania potentially related to an interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic acid (VPA) and propose a mechanism of action for this interaction.,VPA,mania,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Possible interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic Acid exacerbates bipolar disorder.,lopinavir,bipolar disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Possible interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic Acid exacerbates bipolar disorder.,ritonavir,bipolar disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Possible interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and valproic Acid exacerbates bipolar disorder.,valproic Acid,bipolar disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"After intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide, cataract may rapidly develop in eyes that have been intensively treated, topically and systemically, by corticosteroids for several years.",triamcinolone acetonide,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Arthritis and bursitis in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta.,interferon-beta,Arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Arthritis and bursitis in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta.,interferon-beta,bursitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Our literature review revealed an additional six cases of onset of inflammatory arthritis in MS patients receiving IFN-beta.,IFN-beta,inflammatory arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"The first patient developed a monoarthritis 2 weeks after initiation of IFN-beta, which persisted during the 14 months of therapy and resolved with discontinuation of the medication.",IFN-beta,monoarthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Therapy with IFN-beta has rarely been associated with the development of autoimmune disorders.,IFN-beta,autoimmune disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
The second patient developed both autoimmune thyroid disease and a refractory pre-patellar bursitis after 50 months of IFN-beta therapy.,IFN-beta,autoimmune thyroid disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [60]}}"
The second patient developed both autoimmune thyroid disease and a refractory pre-patellar bursitis after 50 months of IFN-beta therapy.,IFN-beta,refractory pre-patellar bursitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"We present the cases of two female patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) who developed inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations, following IFN-beta therapy.",IFN-beta,inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [162]}}"
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced aseptic meningitis.,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [56]}}"
We present a 46-year-old African-American man with AIDS who was admitted on two different occasions within three weeks for signs and symptoms of meningitis after using trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX).,SMX,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [203], 'end_char': [206]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [155]}}"
We present a 46-year-old African-American man with AIDS who was admitted on two different occasions within three weeks for signs and symptoms of meningitis after using trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX).,sulfamethoxazole,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [197]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [155]}}"
We present a 46-year-old African-American man with AIDS who was admitted on two different occasions within three weeks for signs and symptoms of meningitis after using trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX).,TMP,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [199], 'end_char': [202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [155]}}"
We present a 46-year-old African-American man with AIDS who was admitted on two different occasions within three weeks for signs and symptoms of meningitis after using trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX).,trimethoprim,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [155]}}"
We reviewed the literature in an attempt to characterize the pattern and predictors of TMP/SMX-induced aseptic meningitis.,SMX,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [121]}}"
We reviewed the literature in an attempt to characterize the pattern and predictors of TMP/SMX-induced aseptic meningitis.,TMP,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"In this paper, we report a patient with primary anti-phospholipid syndrome treated by corticosteroid, who developed disseminated nocardiosis.",corticosteroid,disseminated nocardiosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [140]}}"
Chloroquine-induced bilateral ptosis.,Chloroquine,bilateral ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Ptosis occurring 24 h after chloroquine therapy, with full recovery 48 h after cessation of chloroquine, has not been described previously.",chloroquine,Ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28, 92], 'end_char': [39, 103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
"Ptosis occurring 24 h after chloroquine therapy, with full recovery 48 h after cessation of chloroquine, has not been described previously.",chloroquine,Ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28, 92], 'end_char': [39, 103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
This report describes a case of bilateral ptosis induced by chloroquine.,chloroquine,bilateral ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"DESIGN: We reviewed the medical records of four patients, who were seen by us between July 2000 and February 2004 for sudden onset of a central neurological syndrome within days of intrathecal MTX.",MTX,central neurological syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [165]}}"
Diffusion-weighted MRI correlates of subacute methotrexate-related neurotoxicity.,methotrexate,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [80]}}"
OBJECTIVES: A delayed stroke-like leukoencephalopathy has been observed in patients receiving methotrexate (MTX) for childhood leukemia.,methotrexate,stroke-like leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [53]}}"
OBJECTIVES: A delayed stroke-like leukoencephalopathy has been observed in patients receiving methotrexate (MTX) for childhood leukemia.,MTX,stroke-like leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Our objective is to present a retrospective analysis of the DWI findings in four patients who suffered subacute neurotoxicity after intrathecal MTX.,MTX,subacute neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [125]}}"
This is a rare case of ARDS associated with lithium intoxication.,lithium,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that: (i) amantadine probably exerts its anti-dyskinetic effect by acting on the ""indirect"" pathway; (ii) the pathophysiological mechanisms of subthalamotomy induced dyskinesias may differ from those involved in L-dopa induced dyskinesias; (iii) dyskinesias induced by STN surgery resolve spontaneously as compensatory mechanisms develop.",L-dopa,dyskinesias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [253], 'end_char': [259]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [207, 268, 287], 'end_char': [218, 279, 298]}}"
"Prior to surgery, levodopa induced dyskinesia had improved (< or = 50%) under treatment with amantadine (400 mg/day, po) in all three patients.",levodopa,dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}}"
A combination of behavioural and cognitive adverse effects is illustrated in this case report of a recurrent triazolam-induced eating disorder.,triazolam,eating disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [142]}}"
Triazolam-induced nocturnal bingeing with amnesia.,Triazolam,amnesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Triazolam-induced nocturnal bingeing with amnesia.,Triazolam,nocturnal bingeing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Although interferon gamma has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, only a few cases of sarcoidosis associated with interferon alpha therapy have been reported.",interferon alpha,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69, 102], 'end_char': [80, 113]}}"
Development of sarcoidosis during interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C--a case report and review of the literature.,interferon alpha 2b,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Development of sarcoidosis during interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C--a case report and review of the literature.,ribavirin,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We report a case with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who developed sarcoidosis after the treatment by interferon alpha and ribavirin.,interferon alpha,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}}"
We report a case with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who developed sarcoidosis after the treatment by interferon alpha and ribavirin.,ribavirin,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We suggest that sarcoidosis may develop in chronic hepatitis C patients during interferon alpha and/or ribavirin treatment, and diagnostic tests for this adverse effect should be performed during the follow-ups.",interferon alpha,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"We suggest that sarcoidosis may develop in chronic hepatitis C patients during interferon alpha and/or ribavirin treatment, and diagnostic tests for this adverse effect should be performed during the follow-ups.",ribavirin,sarcoidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Neutropenic colitis during standard dose combination chemotherapy with nedaplatin and irinotecan for testicular cancer.,irinotecan,Neutropenic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Neutropenic colitis during standard dose combination chemotherapy with nedaplatin and irinotecan for testicular cancer.,nedaplatin,Neutropenic colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"In this paper, we report a case of severe hypercalcemia of immobilization in a 40-year-old hemodialyzed woman treated by cinacalcet HCl for a severe HPTH-II (PTH>1,000 pg/mL).",cinacalcet HCl,severe hypercalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Here, we present a case of sirolimus-associated interstitial pneumonitis in a cardiac transplant recipient that resolved completely with withdrawal of the drug and treatment with corticosteroids.",sirolimus,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Reversible sirolimus-associated pneumonitis after heart transplantation.,sirolimus,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Two cases of sirolimus-associated pneumonitis have been reported after cardiac transplantation.,sirolimus,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}}"
An objective causality assessment by use of the Naranjo probability scale revealed that NCSE due to ifosfamide was probable.,ifosfamide,NCSE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [92]}}"
CASE SUMMARIES: Two patients who received ifosfamide-containing chemotherapy developed NCSE.,ifosfamide,NCSE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Among the many presentations of ifosfamide neurotoxicity, clinicians should consider NCSE as a possible explanation for changes in consciousness in a patient receiving this agent.",ifosfamide,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"NCSE, an epileptic disorder in which typical convulsive activity is absent, has previously been reported in only 4 patients receiving ifosfamide.",ifosfamide,NCSE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [4]}}"
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus due to ifosfamide.,ifosfamide,Nonconvulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) following infusion of ifosfamide.,ifosfamide,NCSE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [70]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) following infusion of ifosfamide.,ifosfamide,nonconvulsive status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [64]}}"
We describe a case of intraoperative gelatine-induced anaphylaxis whose diagnosis was delayed as the use of gelatine during surgical procedures was omitted for two times in patient's medical records.,gelatine,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37, 108], 'end_char': [45, 116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}}"
We describe a case of intraoperative gelatine-induced anaphylaxis whose diagnosis was delayed as the use of gelatine during surgical procedures was omitted for two times in patient's medical records.,gelatine,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37, 108], 'end_char': [45, 116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Cutaneous mycobacterial infection post intravesical BCG installation.,BCG,Cutaneous mycobacterial infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Disseminated tuberculous lesions post intravesical BCG therapy are rare but need to be identified and treated quickly.,BCG,Disseminated tuberculous lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Some patients develop hypersensitivity rash in response to HCQ.,HCQ,hypersensitivity rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"Administration of sumatriptan in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) patients, misdiagnosed as migraine patients, may induce symptomatic cerebral vasospasm with potentially dangerous consequences.",sumatriptan,symptomatic cerebral vasospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"METHOD: We describe two patients who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis after treatment with quetiapine and risperidone, respectively.",quetiapine,diabetic ketoacidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"METHOD: We describe two patients who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis after treatment with quetiapine and risperidone, respectively.",risperidone,diabetic ketoacidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,atypical lymphocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [214]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,atypical lymphocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [214]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,atypical lymphocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [214]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,atypical lymphocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [214]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,cervical lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,cervical lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,cervical lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,cervical lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [220], 'end_char': [232]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [220], 'end_char': [232]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [220], 'end_char': [232]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [220], 'end_char': [232]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,hepatosplenomegaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,hepatosplenomegaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,hepatosplenomegaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,hepatosplenomegaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",SMX,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [296], 'end_char': [299]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",sulfamethoxazole,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [278], 'end_char': [294]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",TMP,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [273], 'end_char': [276]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment.",trimethoprim,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [259], 'end_char': [271]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
This is the first case of TMP-SMX-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with the reactivation of a latent viral infection.,TMP-SMX,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with reactivation of human herpesvirus-6.,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [63]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of severe corticosteroid-induced glaucoma after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetate in a 34-year-old man without a history of glaucoma.,corticosteroid,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59, 164], 'end_char': [67, 172]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of severe corticosteroid-induced glaucoma after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetate in a 34-year-old man without a history of glaucoma.,triamcinolone acetate,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59, 164], 'end_char': [67, 172]}}"
RESULTS: A 34-year-old man acquired visual field defects and severe vision loss in both eyes after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema.,triamcinolone,severe vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [79]}}"
RESULTS: A 34-year-old man acquired visual field defects and severe vision loss in both eyes after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema.,triamcinolone,visual field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Severe steroid-induced glaucoma following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.,steroid,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Severe steroid-induced glaucoma following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.,triamcinolone acetonide,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [31]}}"
This treatment has the potential to cause severe vision loss as a result of intractable corticosteroid-induced glaucoma.,corticosteroid,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [119]}}"
This treatment has the potential to cause severe vision loss as a result of intractable corticosteroid-induced glaucoma.,corticosteroid,severe vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Autoimmune thyroid disease is a common side-effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment of viral hepatitis C.,IFN-alpha,Autoimmune thyroid disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Autoimmune thyroid disease is a common side-effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment of viral hepatitis C.,interferon-alpha,Autoimmune thyroid disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"Destructive thyrotoxicosis appeared 4-6 months after starting IFN-alpha, followed by Graves' hyperthyroidism within 8 to 11 months.",IFN-alpha,Graves' hyperthyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"Destructive thyrotoxicosis appeared 4-6 months after starting IFN-alpha, followed by Graves' hyperthyroidism within 8 to 11 months.",IFN-alpha,thyrotoxicosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"Hence, hyperthyroidism induced by IFN-alpha could correspond to the first phase of silent thyroiditis, to Graves' disease or to the succession of both.",IFN-alpha,hyperthyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Interferon-alpha-induced hyperthyroidism: a three-stage evolution from silent thyroiditis towards Graves' disease.,Interferon-alpha,hyperthyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [40]}}"
We have described three patients with hepatitis C for whom IFN-alpha and ribavirin were prescribed and who developed two successive phases of silent thyroiditis followed by hyperthryroidism relapse due to Graves' disease.,IFN-alpha,hyperthryroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [189]}}"
We have described three patients with hepatitis C for whom IFN-alpha and ribavirin were prescribed and who developed two successive phases of silent thyroiditis followed by hyperthryroidism relapse due to Graves' disease.,ribavirin,hyperthryroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [189]}}"
We have described three patients with hepatitis C for whom IFN-alpha and ribavirin were prescribed and who developed two successive phases of silent thyroiditis followed by hyperthryroidism relapse due to Graves' disease.,IFN-alpha,thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [160]}}"
We have described three patients with hepatitis C for whom IFN-alpha and ribavirin were prescribed and who developed two successive phases of silent thyroiditis followed by hyperthryroidism relapse due to Graves' disease.,ribavirin,thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [160]}}"
"Dipyrone, also known as metamizole, is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that was banned by the United States Food and Drug Administration because of its association with agranulocytosis.",Dipyrone,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"Dipyrone, also known as metamizole, is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that was banned by the United States Food and Drug Administration because of its association with agranulocytosis.",metamizole,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [186]}}"
Dipyrone-induced granulocytopenia: a case for awareness.,Dipyrone,granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [33]}}"
We describe a patient who developed granulocytopenia and fever after taking dipyrone and discuss the available literature.,dipyrone,granulocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"Herein, we describe 2 patients who developed unusual CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders after treatment with efalizumab and infliximab.",efalizumab,CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"Herein, we describe 2 patients who developed unusual CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders after treatment with efalizumab and infliximab.",infliximab,CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",pyrimethamine,abdominal pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",sulfadiazine,abdominal pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",pyrimethamine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",sulfadiazine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",pyrimethamine,severe cutaneous involvement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [160]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",sulfadiazine,severe cutaneous involvement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [160]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",pyrimethamine,swelling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",sulfadiazine,swelling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",pyrimethamine,transaminitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [191], 'end_char': [204]}}"
"A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines.",sulfadiazine,transaminitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [191], 'end_char': [204]}}"
Severe sulfadiazine hypersensitivity in a child with reactivated congenital toxoplasmic chorioretinitis.,sulfadiazine,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"This case underscores problems in clinical management with sulfadiazine hypersensitivity, potential immunosuppression from corticosteroids and selection of medications for recurrences of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis.",sulfadiazine,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"Fatal lung fibrosis caused by paclitaxel toxicity has not been reported In this report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who received six cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer.",carboplatin,Fatal lung fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Fatal lung fibrosis caused by paclitaxel toxicity has not been reported In this report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who received six cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer.",paclitaxel,Fatal lung fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 159], 'end_char': [40, 169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Fatal lung fibrosis caused by paclitaxel toxicity has not been reported In this report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who received six cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer.",paclitaxel,Fatal lung fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 159], 'end_char': [40, 169]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Fatal pulmonary fibrosis induced by paclitaxel: a case report and review of the literature.,paclitaxel,Fatal pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Physicians should keep in mind that taxanes such as paclitaxel have the potential to cause pneumonitis and lung fibrosis.,paclitaxel,lung fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [120]}}"
Physicians should keep in mind that taxanes such as paclitaxel have the potential to cause pneumonitis and lung fibrosis.,paclitaxel,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Pulmonary fibrosis is a complication of paclitaxel therapy that may occur despite treatments with corticosteroids.,paclitaxel,Pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Infections are a major adverse effect during the treatment with anti-TNF-alpha.,anti-TNF-alpha,Infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
"In this case report, we have described a patient with Crohn's disease who developed subfulminant hepatitis B after the fourth infusion of infliximab due to an unrecognized HBs-antigen carrier state.",infliximab,subfulminant hepatitis B,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [108]}}"
Subfulminant hepatitis B after infliximab in Crohn's disease: need for HBV-screening?,infliximab,Subfulminant hepatitis B,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Acute unilateral total visual loss after retrogasserian phenol injection for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: a case report.,phenol,Acute unilateral total visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
The visual loss in this patient seems to result from phenol neurotoxicity rather than mechanical compression of the intraorbital optic nerve.,phenol,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}}"
The visual loss in this patient seems to result from phenol neurotoxicity rather than mechanical compression of the intraorbital optic nerve.,phenol,visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [15]}}"
We report a 78-year-old man who had acute unilateral total visual loss after retrogasserian phenol injection for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.,phenol,acute unilateral total visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Drug induced liver injury secondary to interferon-beta (IFN-beta) in multiple sclerosis.,IFN-beta,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Drug induced liver injury secondary to interferon-beta (IFN-beta) in multiple sclerosis.,interferon-beta,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Grade 3 hepatotoxicity (AST and ALT > 5 to 20 upper limit normal) or higher has been observed in as many as 1.4% of MS patients on IFN beta.,IFN beta,Grade 3 hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [131], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Post marketing studies of Interferon-beta (IFN beta) therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS) have demonstrated surprisingly high rates of hepatotoxicity.,IFN beta,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [147]}}"
Post marketing studies of Interferon-beta (IFN beta) therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS) have demonstrated surprisingly high rates of hepatotoxicity.,Interferon-beta,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [147]}}"
We report three cases of IFN beta induced hepatitis in MS and discuss the pathology findings and possible mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury.,IFN beta,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [51]}}"
We report three cases of IFN beta induced hepatitis in MS and discuss the pathology findings and possible mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury.,IFN beta,liver injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [145]}}"
A 55-year-old woman presented an episode of acute urticaria and labial angioedema 60 minutes after ingesting 500 mg of cloxacillin for a skin abscess.,cloxacillin,acute urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [59]}}"
A 55-year-old woman presented an episode of acute urticaria and labial angioedema 60 minutes after ingesting 500 mg of cloxacillin for a skin abscess.,cloxacillin,labial angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Allergy to cloxacillin with normal tolerance to amoxicillin and cefuroxime.,cloxacillin,Allergy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
"Several hypersensitivity reactions to cloxacillin have been reported, although IgE-mediated allergic reactions to the drug are rare and there is little information about possible tolerance to other semisynthetic penicillins or cephalosporins in patients with cloxacillin allergy.",cloxacillin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38, 259], 'end_char': [49, 270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Several hypersensitivity reactions to cloxacillin have been reported, although IgE-mediated allergic reactions to the drug are rare and there is little information about possible tolerance to other semisynthetic penicillins or cephalosporins in patients with cloxacillin allergy.",cloxacillin,IgE-mediated allergic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38, 259], 'end_char': [49, 270]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [110]}}"
Cardiac toxicity related to BCNU has not been described well.,BCNU,Cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Myocardial ischemia associated with high-dose carmustine infusion.,carmustine,Myocardial ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Three patients are reported without a history of angina pectoris who had clinical and electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia during and immediately after BCNU infusion.,BCNU,myocardial ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [138]}}"
Adverse reaction in a patient with aspirin-induced asthma treated with zafirlukast.,aspirin,asthma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [57]}}"
We present a case of hypereosinophilia related to zafirlukast therapy.,zafirlukast,hypereosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"Shortly after chemotherapy and an injection of pegfilgrastim, the patient developed poorly defined, rapidly progressive erythema, edema, and pain in his right forearm.",pegfilgrastim,edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"Shortly after chemotherapy and an injection of pegfilgrastim, the patient developed poorly defined, rapidly progressive erythema, edema, and pain in his right forearm.",pegfilgrastim,pain in his right forearm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"Shortly after chemotherapy and an injection of pegfilgrastim, the patient developed poorly defined, rapidly progressive erythema, edema, and pain in his right forearm.",pegfilgrastim,rapidly progressive erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"A few recent individual case reports have suggested that a myasthenic syndrome may be associated with statin treatment, but this association is not well described.",statin,myasthenic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Statin-associated myasthenia gravis: report of 4 cases and review of the literature.,Statin,myasthenia gravis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We report 4 patients who developed symptoms of myasthenia gravis within 2 weeks of starting treatment with a statin drug.,statin,myasthenia gravis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Reactivation of cytomegalovirus probably followed the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis with corticosteroids and azathioprine.,azathioprine,Reactivation of cytomegalovirus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"After excluding other causes of long QT syndrome, the HCQ was suspected as the cause of her ventricular tachycardia.",HCQ,ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [115]}}"
Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with QT prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia.,hydroxychloroquine,QT prolongation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with QT prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia.,hydroxychloroquine,refractory ventricular arrhythmia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The chronic use of HCQ for rheumatic diseases, or as an anti-malarial drug, should be balanced against the risk of developing potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias.",HCQ,cardiac arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [176]}}"
We report a case of chronic use of HCQ associated with torsade de pointes.,HCQ,torsade de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [73]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and its treatment with metformin might result in more cases of lactic acidosis.,metformin,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [136]}}"
Severe acidosis in patients taking metformin--rapid reversal and survival despite high APACHE score.,metformin,Severe acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
Case report: lack of control of diabetes and weight gain in a patient on initiation and rechallenge of therapy with olanzapine.,olanzapine,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Case report: lack of control of diabetes and weight gain in a patient on initiation and rechallenge of therapy with olanzapine.,olanzapine,weight gain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [56]}}"
The following is a case report analysis intended to draw attention to the need for better care coordination by describing the observed relationship of olanzapine to metabolic changes manifested as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and weight gain.,olanzapine,uncontrolled diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [227]}}"
The following is a case report analysis intended to draw attention to the need for better care coordination by describing the observed relationship of olanzapine to metabolic changes manifested as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and weight gain.,olanzapine,weight gain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [232], 'end_char': [243]}}"
"The patient was enrolled in a weight-loss clinic, and his diabetes medications were adjusted.Subsequently, olanzapine was discontinued because of weight gain and uncontrolled diabetes.",olanzapine,uncontrolled diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [183]}}"
"The patient was enrolled in a weight-loss clinic, and his diabetes medications were adjusted.Subsequently, olanzapine was discontinued because of weight gain and uncontrolled diabetes.",olanzapine,weight gain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [157]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of traumatic flap dehiscence and Enterobacter keratitis 34 months after LASIK.,LASIK,Enterobacter keratitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [81]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of traumatic flap dehiscence and Enterobacter keratitis 34 months after LASIK.,LASIK,traumatic flap dehiscence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [54]}}"
Traumatic late flap dehiscence and Enterobacter keratitis following LASIK.,LASIK,Enterobacter keratitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Traumatic late flap dehiscence and Enterobacter keratitis following LASIK.,LASIK,Traumatic late flap dehiscence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",docetaxel,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",gemcitabine,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",docetaxel,progression of the tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [215], 'end_char': [239]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",gemcitabine,progression of the tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [215], 'end_char': [239]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",docetaxel,severe respiratory insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [196]}}"
"We report the case of a lung cancer patient with bronquiloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) presenting with BOOP after chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine producing severe respiratory insufficiency, and simulating a progression of the tumor.",gemcitabine,severe respiratory insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [196]}}"
A 65-year-old man on warfarin therapy with a sudden spontaneous onset of sub-conjunctival haematoma associated with bloody tears was assessed in the clinic following a referral from an optometrist.,warfarin,bloody tears,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [128]}}"
A 65-year-old man on warfarin therapy with a sudden spontaneous onset of sub-conjunctival haematoma associated with bloody tears was assessed in the clinic following a referral from an optometrist.,warfarin,sub-conjunctival haematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [99]}}"
An unusual presentation of spontaneous sub-conjunctival haematoma in a patient receiving warfarin.,warfarin,sub-conjunctival haematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"Due to discomfort, diplopia and lagophthalmos, the haematoma necessitated suspension of warfarin therapy and a surgical evacuation.",warfarin,diplopia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"Due to discomfort, diplopia and lagophthalmos, the haematoma necessitated suspension of warfarin therapy and a surgical evacuation.",warfarin,discomfort,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"Due to discomfort, diplopia and lagophthalmos, the haematoma necessitated suspension of warfarin therapy and a surgical evacuation.",warfarin,haematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"Due to discomfort, diplopia and lagophthalmos, the haematoma necessitated suspension of warfarin therapy and a surgical evacuation.",warfarin,lagophthalmos,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [45]}}"
The sub-conjunctival haematoma in a patient receiving warfarin can pose a significant management challenge.,warfarin,sub-conjunctival haematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Angioedema and maculopapular eruptions associated with carbamazepine administration.,carbamazepine,Angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Angioedema and maculopapular eruptions associated with carbamazepine administration.,carbamazepine,maculopapular eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"Angioedema, a rare side effect of carbamazepine, involves vascular leakage in dermis and subcutis mediated by immunoglobulin E and/or bradykinins.",carbamazepine,Angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
Cutaneous eruptions occur in 3% of individuals administered carbamazepine.,carbamazepine,Cutaneous eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Cutaneous rashes and eruptions can be caused by many medications, including carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,Cutaneous rashes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"Cutaneous rashes and eruptions can be caused by many medications, including carbamazepine.",carbamazepine,eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We report the case of a 27-year-old Indian woman who developed maculopapular rash and angioedema secondary to carbamazepine administration.,carbamazepine,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}}"
We report the case of a 27-year-old Indian woman who developed maculopapular rash and angioedema secondary to carbamazepine administration.,carbamazepine,maculopapular rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Severe adenovirus pneumonia (AVP) following infliximab infusion for the treatment of Crohn's disease.,infliximab,AVP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Severe adenovirus pneumonia (AVP) following infliximab infusion for the treatment of Crohn's disease.,infliximab,Severe adenovirus pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
We report a case of severe AVP three weeks following the administration of infliximab for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD).,infliximab,severe AVP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}}"
First case of ivermectin-induced severe hepatitis.,ivermectin,severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first case of ivermectin-induced severe liver disease published in the literature.",ivermectin,severe liver disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"We report the case of a 20-year-old woman originally from Cameroon who was infected by the L. loa parasite and developed severe hepatitis, identified 1 month after a single dose of ivermectin.",ivermectin,severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [191]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We hereby report a case of radiation recall dermatitis and myositis occurring on gemcitabine monotherapy, five months after completing chemoradiation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.",gemcitabine,myositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We hereby report a case of radiation recall dermatitis and myositis occurring on gemcitabine monotherapy, five months after completing chemoradiation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.",gemcitabine,radiation recall dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [67]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: This is the second case report that describes gemcitabine-induced radiation recall in rectus abdominus muscles after gemcitabine-based radiation therapy.,gemcitabine,radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59, 130], 'end_char': [70, 141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Gemcitabine-induced rectus abdominus radiation recall.,Gemcitabine,rectus abdominus radiation recall,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Sporadic rippling muscle disease unmasked by simvastatin.,simvastatin,Sporadic rippling muscle disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [32]}}"
We report a 53-year-old-man who developed rippling muscle disease (RMD) 2 months after starting simvastatin therapy for hypercholesterolemia.,simvastatin,rippling muscle disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [65]}}"
We report a 53-year-old-man who developed rippling muscle disease (RMD) 2 months after starting simvastatin therapy for hypercholesterolemia.,simvastatin,RMD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Acute coronary syndrome induced by capecitabine therapy.,capecitabine,Acute coronary syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
This case highlights the possible development of acute coronary syndrome as a side effect of Capecitabine therapy.,Capecitabine,acute coronary syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Acute severe intoxication with carbamazepine is associated with seizures, coma and respiratory depression.",carbamazepine,coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"Acute severe intoxication with carbamazepine is associated with seizures, coma and respiratory depression.",carbamazepine,respiratory depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"Acute severe intoxication with carbamazepine is associated with seizures, coma and respiratory depression.",carbamazepine,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"After rechallenge with monotherapy pegvisomant, however, the hepatic enzyme disturbances reappeared within a few weeks, indicating that most likely pegvisomant alone and not the long-acting somatostatin analog or the combination of these two drugs was responsible for this case of drug-induced hepatitis.",pegvisomant,hepatic enzyme disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35, 148], 'end_char': [46, 159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"After rechallenge with monotherapy pegvisomant, however, the hepatic enzyme disturbances reappeared within a few weeks, indicating that most likely pegvisomant alone and not the long-acting somatostatin analog or the combination of these two drugs was responsible for this case of drug-induced hepatitis.",pegvisomant,hepatic enzyme disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35, 148], 'end_char': [46, 159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"After rechallenge with monotherapy pegvisomant, however, the hepatic enzyme disturbances reappeared within a few weeks, indicating that most likely pegvisomant alone and not the long-acting somatostatin analog or the combination of these two drugs was responsible for this case of drug-induced hepatitis.",pegvisomant,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35, 148], 'end_char': [46, 159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [294], 'end_char': [303]}}"
Drug-induced hepatitis in an acromegalic patient during combined treatment with pegvisomant and octreotide long-acting repeatable attributed to the use of pegvisomant.,octreotide,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Drug-induced hepatitis in an acromegalic patient during combined treatment with pegvisomant and octreotide long-acting repeatable attributed to the use of pegvisomant.,pegvisomant,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 155], 'end_char': [91, 166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Drug-induced hepatitis in an acromegalic patient during combined treatment with pegvisomant and octreotide long-acting repeatable attributed to the use of pegvisomant.,pegvisomant,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80, 155], 'end_char': [91, 166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The hepatic enzyme disturbances normalized after discontinuation of pegvisomant.,pegvisomant,hepatic enzyme disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [31]}}"
We report on a patient with acromegaly who developed severe drug-induced hepatitis during combined treatment with the long-acting somatostatin-analog octreotide and the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant.,octreotide,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}}"
We report on a patient with acromegaly who developed severe drug-induced hepatitis during combined treatment with the long-acting somatostatin-analog octreotide and the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant.,pegvisomant,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [203]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",AmB,anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",Amphotericin B,anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",AmB,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",Amphotericin B,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",AmB,hypokalaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",Amphotericin B,hypokalaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",AmB,malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",Amphotericin B,malaise,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",AmB,renal impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [87]}}"
"Amphotericin B (AmB) is effective, but its use is limited by toxicity: renal impairment, anaemia, fever, malaise, and hypokalaemia are common.",Amphotericin B,renal impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [87]}}"
"DIAGNOSIS: Severe temozolomide-induced immunosuppression, exacerbated by corticosteroids, with profound T-cell lymphocytopenia and simultaneous opportunistic infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes, and cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.",temozolomide,brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [207], 'end_char': [248]}}"
"DIAGNOSIS: Severe temozolomide-induced immunosuppression, exacerbated by corticosteroids, with profound T-cell lymphocytopenia and simultaneous opportunistic infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes, and cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.",temozolomide,cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [254], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"DIAGNOSIS: Severe temozolomide-induced immunosuppression, exacerbated by corticosteroids, with profound T-cell lymphocytopenia and simultaneous opportunistic infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes, and cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.",temozolomide,immunosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"DIAGNOSIS: Severe temozolomide-induced immunosuppression, exacerbated by corticosteroids, with profound T-cell lymphocytopenia and simultaneous opportunistic infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes, and cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.",temozolomide,infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [205]}}"
"DIAGNOSIS: Severe temozolomide-induced immunosuppression, exacerbated by corticosteroids, with profound T-cell lymphocytopenia and simultaneous opportunistic infections with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, brain abscess with Listeria monocytogenes, and cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.",temozolomide,T-cell lymphocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"Listeria brain abscess, Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma after temozolomide.",temozolomide,Kaposi's sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"Listeria brain abscess, Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma after temozolomide.",temozolomide,Listeria brain abscess,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Listeria brain abscess, Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma after temozolomide.",temozolomide,Pneumocystis pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [46]}}"
PURPOSE: Topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma (TiACG) is believed to be related to its sulfonamide moiety.,Topiramate,angle-closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Rapid resolution of topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma with methylprednisolone and mannitol.,mannitol,angle-closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Rapid resolution of topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma with methylprednisolone and mannitol.,methylprednisolone,angle-closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Rapid resolution of topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma with methylprednisolone and mannitol.,topiramate,angle-closure glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Spontaneous splenic infarction associated with sumatriptan use.,sumatriptan,Spontaneous splenic infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"Though they are generally considered safe, there have been a few reports of myocardial infarction and stroke associated with triptan use.",triptan,myocardial infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"Though they are generally considered safe, there have been a few reports of myocardial infarction and stroke associated with triptan use.",triptan,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [108]}}"
We report a patient who developed spontaneous splenic infarction after the use of sumatriptan for the treatment of migraine headache.,sumatriptan,spontaneous splenic infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Acute myocardial infarction during high-dose methylprednisolone therapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy.,methylprednisolone,Acute myocardial infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"Except hypothyroidism after radioiodine treatment (euthyroid under substitutional therapy), she suffered from no other diseases.",radioiodine,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Here we present the case of a woman who received high doses of methylprednisolone (1 g iv daily) for active Graves' ophthalmopathy, and developed severe hypertension followed by myocardial infarction on the fifth day of treatment.",methylprednisolone,myocardial infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [199]}}"
"Here we present the case of a woman who received high doses of methylprednisolone (1 g iv daily) for active Graves' ophthalmopathy, and developed severe hypertension followed by myocardial infarction on the fifth day of treatment.",methylprednisolone,severe hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [165]}}"
"We conclude that myocardial infarction may develop in patients treated with high-dose glucocorticoids for Graves' ophthalmopathy, and increased blood pressure may herald this complication.",glucocorticoids,myocardial infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"Presented is a case story of a woman with classical rheumatoid arthritis, who during introduction of sulphasalazine (SASP) therapy developed a severe and lasting psoriasis-like skin reaction.",SASP,psoriasis-like skin reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"Presented is a case story of a woman with classical rheumatoid arthritis, who during introduction of sulphasalazine (SASP) therapy developed a severe and lasting psoriasis-like skin reaction.",sulphasalazine,psoriasis-like skin reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [190]}}"
Psoriasis-like skin reaction in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis after sulphasalazine therapy.,sulphasalazine,Psoriasis-like skin reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Five days after the fourth dose of vincristine, she presented with bilateral ptosis.",vincristine,bilateral ptosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Vincristine induced cranial polyneuropathy.,Vincristine,cranial polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We describe a 5-year-old girl showed recovery of vincristine induced cranial polyneuropathy with pyridoxine and pyridostigmine treatment.,vincristine,cranial polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by morphine, confirmed by positive patch test and lymphocyte transformation test.",morphine,Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"Morphine, an opium alkaloid, frequently causes side effects such as hyperhidrosis and facial flushing, but serious cutaneous adverse drug reactions are seldom observed.",Morphine,facial flushing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Morphine, an opium alkaloid, frequently causes side effects such as hyperhidrosis and facial flushing, but serious cutaneous adverse drug reactions are seldom observed.",Morphine,hyperhidrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [81]}}"
We describe a case of a man treated with an EGFR-inhibitor (erlotinib) for a cell lung cancer who developed skin manifestations localized in an uncommon area and with an atypical evolution.,erlotinib,skin manifestations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [127]}}"
Olanzapine-associated neuroleptic malignant syndrome.,Olanzapine,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Allergic contact angioedema to benzoyl peroxide.,benzoyl peroxide,Allergic contact angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"Factors that suggested an association between the severe angioedematous reaction and BP topical application include the strong reaction to BP in the patch-test, the temporal relationship, the complete resolution of symptoms after the drug was withdrawn and the absence of other identified explanations.",BP,severe angioedematous reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85, 139], 'end_char': [87, 141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [80]}}"
A 35-year-old woman presented with neurotoxicity correlated to an i.v. regimen of 5-fluorouracil as episodes of acute confusional state and abnormalities of symmetrically restricted diffusion in the periventricular white matter and corpus callosum.,5-fluorouracil,acute confusional state,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [135]}}"
A 35-year-old woman presented with neurotoxicity correlated to an i.v. regimen of 5-fluorouracil as episodes of acute confusional state and abnormalities of symmetrically restricted diffusion in the periventricular white matter and corpus callosum.,5-fluorouracil,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Reversible findings of restricted diffusion in 5-fluorouracil neurotoxicity.,5-fluorouracil,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [75]}}"
We present the case of a 58-year-old woman who ingested more than 35 g of caffeine in a suicide attempt.,caffeine,suicide attempt,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [103]}}"
It may cause a severe adverse drug reaction with multiorgan involvement known as dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome.,dapsone,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [114]}}"
Severe dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome.,dapsone,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [40]}}"
We report the case of a 21-year-old female patient with dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome.,dapsone,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Anaphylaxis to intrathecal diamorphine.,diamorphine,Anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
We believe this is the first report of intrathecal diamorphine causing anaphylaxis.,diamorphine,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"We highlight two instances of systemic allergic reaction, and discuss the potential side effects of local aprotinin injections in the orthopaedic setting as well as the evidence base for its use.",aprotinin,systemic allergic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [56]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",carbamazepine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148, 259], 'end_char': [151, 262]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",divalproex sodium,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148, 259], 'end_char': [151, 262]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",risperidone,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148, 259], 'end_char': [151, 262]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",topiramate,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148, 259], 'end_char': [151, 262]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",venlafaxine,NMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148, 259], 'end_char': [151, 262]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",carbamazepine,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145, 256], 'end_char': [147, 258]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",divalproex sodium,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145, 256], 'end_char': [147, 258]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",risperidone,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145, 256], 'end_char': [147, 258]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",topiramate,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145, 256], 'end_char': [147, 258]}}"
"METHOD: Case analysis of a poly-drug overdose (venlafaxine, topiramate, divalproex sodium, risperidone, and carbamazepine) presenting with mixed SS/NMS features and whose clinical management suggests a practical algorithm for treatment of undifferentiated SS/NMS in critical care settings.",venlafaxine,SS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145, 256], 'end_char': [147, 258]}}"
"Fever and maculopapular rashes appeared at 10 days after phenytoin initiation, and then the drug was discontinued.",phenytoin,Fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}}"
"Fever and maculopapular rashes appeared at 10 days after phenytoin initiation, and then the drug was discontinued.",phenytoin,maculopapular rashes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Localized purpura associated with lamotrigine.,lamotrigine,Localized purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
This case study is the second report of localized purpura after prolonged lamotrigine treatment suggesting this may be an atypical lamotrigine-induced drug reaction.,lamotrigine,localized purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74, 131], 'end_char': [85, 142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [57]}}"
This report describes a 13-year-old female with a right frontal high-grade glioma and complex partial seizures who developed localized purpura after 23 months of lamotrigine monotherapy.,lamotrigine,localized purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [142]}}"
Acute renal failure during lisinopril and losartan therapy for proteinuria.,lisinopril,Acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Acute renal failure during lisinopril and losartan therapy for proteinuria.,losartan,Acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
This report describes a case of acute compromise of renal function associated with hypotension in a 7-year-old boy treated with the ACE inhibitor lisinopril and the ARB losartan.,lisinopril,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [94]}}"
This report describes a case of acute compromise of renal function associated with hypotension in a 7-year-old boy treated with the ACE inhibitor lisinopril and the ARB losartan.,losartan,hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Reversible corneal keratinization following trabeculectomy and treatment with 5-fluorouracil.,5-fluorouracil,Reversible corneal keratinization,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia after rituximab therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.,rituximab,Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"Moreover, these findings suggest that the incidence of BOOP following rituximab therapy may be higher than has been previously appreciated.",rituximab,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"This is the first reported case of BOOP associated with single-agent rituximab, and along with two other patients we describe, as well as two prior reports of BOOP in NHL patients receiving rituximab-based combinations, strengthens the possibility of a causal relationship.",rituximab,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69, 190], 'end_char': [78, 199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35, 159], 'end_char': [39, 163]}}"
"This is the first reported case of BOOP associated with single-agent rituximab, and along with two other patients we describe, as well as two prior reports of BOOP in NHL patients receiving rituximab-based combinations, strengthens the possibility of a causal relationship.",rituximab,BOOP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69, 190], 'end_char': [78, 199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35, 159], 'end_char': [39, 163]}}"
"We describe a case of an NHL patient who received rituximab and developed symptomatic, biopsy-proven multinodular bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP).",rituximab,bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"Despite a very low complication rate, several severe arterial thrombotic events have been reported following thrombin injection of pseudoaneurysms.",thrombin,severe arterial thrombotic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Lower extremity arterial thrombosis following sonographically guided thrombin injection of a femoral pseudoaneurysm.,thrombin,arterial thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"Native arterial thrombosis, though recognized as a severe complication of thrombin injection, has not been well described in the literature.",thrombin,arterial thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We report a case of successful surgical management of arterial thrombosis after percutaneous thrombin injection of a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm in a 69-year-old woman.,thrombin,arterial thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [73]}}"
A small number of oxaliplatin-related hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions have been reported.,oxaliplatin,hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Hemolytic uremic syndrome following the infusion of oxaliplatin: case report.,oxaliplatin,Hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"We present a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome that developed during the 4th cycle of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin.",5-fluorouracil,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"We present a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome that developed during the 4th cycle of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin.",leucovorin,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"We present a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome that developed during the 4th cycle of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin.",oxaliplatin,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"First, a review of the literature produced 41 anecdotic cases of neutropenia or agranulocytosis during treatment with olanzapine (Zyprexa) reported in a total of 24 publications.",olanzapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"First, a review of the literature produced 41 anecdotic cases of neutropenia or agranulocytosis during treatment with olanzapine (Zyprexa) reported in a total of 24 publications.",Zyprexa,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"First, a review of the literature produced 41 anecdotic cases of neutropenia or agranulocytosis during treatment with olanzapine (Zyprexa) reported in a total of 24 publications.",olanzapine,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"First, a review of the literature produced 41 anecdotic cases of neutropenia or agranulocytosis during treatment with olanzapine (Zyprexa) reported in a total of 24 publications.",Zyprexa,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis are risks known to occur with phenothiazines and clozapine.,clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis are risks known to occur with phenothiazines and clozapine.,phenothiazines,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis are risks known to occur with phenothiazines and clozapine.,clozapine,Neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis are risks known to occur with phenothiazines and clozapine.,phenothiazines,Neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
"Second, we report a case of neutropenia, which proved to be fatal in a schizophrenia patient receiving olanzapine and thiazide.",olanzapine,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"Second, we report a case of neutropenia, which proved to be fatal in a schizophrenia patient receiving olanzapine and thiazide.",thiazide,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Thus any case of severe neutropenia occurring in a patient receiving olanzapine is alarming to clinicians.,olanzapine,severe neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We present a depressive patient who developed mild parkinsonian signs and camptocormia after the introduction of olanzapine.,olanzapine,camptocormia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}}"
We present a depressive patient who developed mild parkinsonian signs and camptocormia after the introduction of olanzapine.,olanzapine,mild parkinsonian signs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"Five months after initiating mirtazapine therapy, she developed symptomatic hyponatremia.",mirtazapine,symptomatic hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"In this case, unlike those previously reported, hyponatremia recurred 5 months after switching from citalopram to mirtazapine, which is believed to be a safe antidepressant.",citalopram,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"In this case, unlike those previously reported, hyponatremia recurred 5 months after switching from citalopram to mirtazapine, which is believed to be a safe antidepressant.",mirtazapine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Recurrent hyponatremia associated with citalopram and mirtazapine.,citalopram,Recurrent hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Recurrent hyponatremia associated with citalopram and mirtazapine.,mirtazapine,Recurrent hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
A 43-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis (MS) had nephrotic syndrome 21 months after starting treatment with interferon (IFN)-beta-1b (subcutaneous administration).,interferon (IFN)-beta-1b,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"Because nephrotic syndrome may be induced by IFN therapy, the IFN was stopped.",IFN,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 62], 'end_char': [48, 65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"Because nephrotic syndrome may be induced by IFN therapy, the IFN was stopped.",IFN,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 62], 'end_char': [48, 65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Nephrotic syndrome associated with interferon-beta-1b therapy for multiple sclerosis.,interferon-beta-1b,Nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Though proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome is a rare adverse effect of IFN-beta-1b therapy, physicians treating MS patients with this agent should pay careful attention to new clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.",IFN-beta-1b,nephrotic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [41]}}"
"Though proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome is a rare adverse effect of IFN-beta-1b therapy, physicians treating MS patients with this agent should pay careful attention to new clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.",IFN-beta-1b,proteinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [18]}}"
A 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea after taking an antihistaminic agent (homochlorcyclizine hydrochloride) for itching.,homochlorcyclizine hydrochloride,dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"Acute eosinophilic pneumonia caused by calcium stearate, an additive agent for an oral antihistaminic medication.",calcium stearate,Acute eosinophilic pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Therefore, we concluded that this patient's pulmonary disease was caused by calcium stearate, an additive for an antihistaminic drug.",calcium stearate,pulmonary disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Scleritis complicating zoledronic acid infusion.,zoledronic acid,Scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
We present a case of severe unilateral posterior scleritis associated with zoledronic acid administration that was recognized and treated in a timely manner.,zoledronic acid,severe unilateral posterior scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Late lethal hepatitis B virus reactivation after rituximab treatment of low-grade cutaneous B-cell lymphoma.,rituximab,hepatitis B virus reactivation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Several such HBV reactivations were reported after combined rituximab and multiagent chemotherapy for B-cell lymphomas.,rituximab,HBV reactivations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [30]}}"
This is the first case of HBV reactivation occurring during the year following rituximab monotherapy in the absence of any other immunosuppressive factor.,rituximab,HBV reactivation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [42]}}"
This is a case report of fatal cryptococcal meningitis in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus being treated with prednisolone and azathioprine.,azathioprine,cryptococcal meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
This is a case report of fatal cryptococcal meningitis in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus being treated with prednisolone and azathioprine.,prednisolone,cryptococcal meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
An intertrigo-like eruption from pegylated liposomal doxorubicin.,doxorubicin,intertrigo-like eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [3], 'end_char': [27]}}"
This eruption appears to be a distinct cutaneous toxicity of PLD.,PLD,eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who developed erythema and erosions in the axilla and groin while on PLD for breast cancer.,PLD,erosions in the axilla and groin,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [101]}}"
We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who developed erythema and erosions in the axilla and groin while on PLD for breast cancer.,PLD,erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Herein is reported an unusual case of coexistent warfarin-induced skin necrosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following mitral valve replacement for thromboembolic phenomena associated with marantic endocarditis and bronchial adenocarcinoma.,warfarin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Herein is reported an unusual case of coexistent warfarin-induced skin necrosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following mitral valve replacement for thromboembolic phenomena associated with marantic endocarditis and bronchial adenocarcinoma.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [116]}}"
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following mitral valve replacement for marantic endocarditis.,Warfarin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following mitral valve replacement for marantic endocarditis.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"Exposure of the fetus to indomethacin by administration of the drug to the mother may cause many side effects, including premature closure of the ductus arteriosus.",indomethacin,premature closure of the ductus arteriosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [163]}}"
Hypoxia is a predisposing factor for premature ductal closure and often occurs after maternal indomethacin therapy.,indomethacin,Hypoxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
Hypoxia is a predisposing factor for premature ductal closure and often occurs after maternal indomethacin therapy.,indomethacin,premature ductal closure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Premature closure of the ductus arteriosus: variable response among monozygotic twins after in utero exposure to indomethacin.,indomethacin,Premature closure of the ductus arteriosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
This selective closure of the ductus arteriosus suggests that the affected twin was predisposed to hypoxia and thus was more susceptible to ductal closure in response to indomethacin exposure.,indomethacin,ductal closure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [154]}}"
This selective closure of the ductus arteriosus suggests that the affected twin was predisposed to hypoxia and thus was more susceptible to ductal closure in response to indomethacin exposure.,indomethacin,hypoxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [170], 'end_char': [182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [106]}}"
CONCLUSION: These cases suggest that moxifloxacin may interfere with the healing of corneal ulcers.,moxifloxacin,corneal ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [98]}}"
RESULTS: Both cases presented here describe corneal ulcers that persisted and showed signs of worsening during weeks of frequent topical dosing with moxifloxacin.,moxifloxacin,corneal ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Severe corneal toxicity after topical fluoroquinolone therapy: report of two cases.,fluoroquinolone,Severe corneal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by nimesulide.,nimesulide,Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) in a 50-year-old woman that was attributed to the ingestion of nimesulide.,nimesulide,acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [62]}}"
We report a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) in a 50-year-old woman that was attributed to the ingestion of nimesulide.,nimesulide,AGEP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Amphotericin B deoxycholate has been reported to produce significant cardiac toxicity, with ventricular arrhythmias and bradycardia reported in overdoses in children and in adults with preexisting cardiac disease, even when administered in conventional dosages and infusion rates.",Amphotericin B deoxycholate,bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [143]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Amphotericin B deoxycholate has been reported to produce significant cardiac toxicity, with ventricular arrhythmias and bradycardia reported in overdoses in children and in adults with preexisting cardiac disease, even when administered in conventional dosages and infusion rates.",Amphotericin B deoxycholate,cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"DISCUSSION: Amphotericin B deoxycholate has been reported to produce significant cardiac toxicity, with ventricular arrhythmias and bradycardia reported in overdoses in children and in adults with preexisting cardiac disease, even when administered in conventional dosages and infusion rates.",Amphotericin B deoxycholate,ventricular arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [127]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical course of a woman with cryptococcal meningitis and no previous cardiac disease who developed a fatal cardiac arrhythmia after an acute overdose of amphotericin B and to review its toxicity.,amphotericin B,fatal cardiac arrhythmia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [195]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [153]}}"
Use of the Naranjo probability scale indicated a highly probable relationship between the observed cardiac toxicity and amphotericin B deoxycholate therapy in this patient.,amphotericin B deoxycholate,cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [115]}}"
The authors describe a case of valvular heart disease in a 48-year-old woman receiving benfluorex (150 mg t.i.d. for 8 years) and leading to surgical mitral valve replacement.,benfluorex,valvular heart disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Valvular heart disease in a patient taking benfluorex.,benfluorex,Valvular heart disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"The main side-effects of Lp-TAE combined with HT were low-grade fever, localized pain, myelo-suppression and liver dysfunction, but these were transient and eventually disappeared.",Lp-TAE,liver dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [126]}}"
"The main side-effects of Lp-TAE combined with HT were low-grade fever, localized pain, myelo-suppression and liver dysfunction, but these were transient and eventually disappeared.",Lp-TAE,localized pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"The main side-effects of Lp-TAE combined with HT were low-grade fever, localized pain, myelo-suppression and liver dysfunction, but these were transient and eventually disappeared.",Lp-TAE,low-grade fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"The main side-effects of Lp-TAE combined with HT were low-grade fever, localized pain, myelo-suppression and liver dysfunction, but these were transient and eventually disappeared.",Lp-TAE,myelo-suppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [104]}}"
Tacrolimus-induced HUS: an unusual cause of acute renal failure in nephrotic syndrome.,Tacrolimus,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Tacrolimus-induced HUS: an unusual cause of acute renal failure in nephrotic syndrome.,Tacrolimus,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Thus, tacrolimus-induced HUS is a rare cause of ARF in nephrotic syndrome.",tacrolimus,ARF,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"Thus, tacrolimus-induced HUS is a rare cause of ARF in nephrotic syndrome.",tacrolimus,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [16]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis related to nevirapine therapy.,nevirapine,fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [45]}}"
We describe a detailed case of fulminant hepatitis induced by nevirapine (Viramune) and treated by liver transplantation.,nevirapine,fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [50]}}"
We describe a detailed case of fulminant hepatitis induced by nevirapine (Viramune) and treated by liver transplantation.,Viramune,fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Cholelithiasis and thrombosis of the central retinal vein in a renal transplant recipient treated with cyclosporin.,cyclosporin,Cholelithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Cholelithiasis and thrombosis of the central retinal vein in a renal transplant recipient treated with cyclosporin.,cyclosporin,thrombosis of the central retinal vein,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"In this report, a patient who had undergone a renal transplantation as a result of malignant hypertension, and who was on immunosuppressive therapy consisting of cyclosporin, prednisone and azathioprine, developed thrombosis of the central retinal vein 5 years following the transplantation.",azathioprine,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [190], 'end_char': [202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [214], 'end_char': [224]}}"
"In this report, a patient who had undergone a renal transplantation as a result of malignant hypertension, and who was on immunosuppressive therapy consisting of cyclosporin, prednisone and azathioprine, developed thrombosis of the central retinal vein 5 years following the transplantation.",cyclosporin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [214], 'end_char': [224]}}"
"In this report, a patient who had undergone a renal transplantation as a result of malignant hypertension, and who was on immunosuppressive therapy consisting of cyclosporin, prednisone and azathioprine, developed thrombosis of the central retinal vein 5 years following the transplantation.",prednisone,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [214], 'end_char': [224]}}"
The use of cyclosporin has been associated with the development of cholelithiasis in transplant recipients.,cyclosporin,cholelithiasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Hepatotoxicity induced by cyproterone acetate: a report of three cases.,cyproterone acetate,Hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"Three male patients aged 78-83 years are presented, in whom severe hepatotoxic reactions emerged after CPA administration.",CPA,severe hepatotoxic reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases of Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid (CS)-treated patients are reported: an isolated lingual leishmaniasis in a farmer treated with CS for asthma, a severe visceral leishmaniasis associated with cutaneous lesions in a woman with myasthenia gravis, and a visceral involvement after cutaneous leishmaniasis in a man receiving CS.",CS,cutaneous leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87, 181, 373], 'end_char': [89, 183, 375]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [330], 'end_char': [353]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases of Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid (CS)-treated patients are reported: an isolated lingual leishmaniasis in a farmer treated with CS for asthma, a severe visceral leishmaniasis associated with cutaneous lesions in a woman with myasthenia gravis, and a visceral involvement after cutaneous leishmaniasis in a man receiving CS.",corticosteroid,Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases of Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid (CS)-treated patients are reported: an isolated lingual leishmaniasis in a farmer treated with CS for asthma, a severe visceral leishmaniasis associated with cutaneous lesions in a woman with myasthenia gravis, and a visceral involvement after cutaneous leishmaniasis in a man receiving CS.",CS,Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87, 181, 373], 'end_char': [89, 183, 375]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases of Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid (CS)-treated patients are reported: an isolated lingual leishmaniasis in a farmer treated with CS for asthma, a severe visceral leishmaniasis associated with cutaneous lesions in a woman with myasthenia gravis, and a visceral involvement after cutaneous leishmaniasis in a man receiving CS.",corticosteroid,lingual leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases of Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid (CS)-treated patients are reported: an isolated lingual leishmaniasis in a farmer treated with CS for asthma, a severe visceral leishmaniasis associated with cutaneous lesions in a woman with myasthenia gravis, and a visceral involvement after cutaneous leishmaniasis in a man receiving CS.",CS,lingual leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87, 181, 373], 'end_char': [89, 183, 375]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [155]}}"
Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis in corticosteroid--treated patients.,corticosteroid,Leishmania infantum leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"However, an association of Ritalin with glaucoma has been reported.",Ritalin,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Large dose of methylphenidate may cause cataract and glaucoma.,methylphenidate,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Large dose of methylphenidate may cause cataract and glaucoma.,methylphenidate,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Methylphenidate,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Ritalin,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Methylphenidate,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Ritalin,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [58]}}"
We report a case of Ritalin-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Ritalin,cataract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [47]}}"
We report a case of Ritalin-associated cataract and glaucoma.,Ritalin,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [60]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We report a typical symptoms of Charles-Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in patients with severe AMD after intravitreal Avastin-injections.,Avastin,CBS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [73]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We report a typical symptoms of Charles-Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in patients with severe AMD after intravitreal Avastin-injections.,Avastin,Charles-Bonnet syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"PURPOSE: To describe transient structured visual hallucinations in a patient with vascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), following an intravitreal Avastin-injection.",Avastin,transient structured visual hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Visual hallucinations after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in vascular age-related macular degeneration.,bevacizumab,Visual hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
A case of metoclopramide-induced oculogyric crisis in a 16-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis.,metoclopramide,oculogyric crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [50]}}"
A case of oculogyric crisis induced by metoclopramide is described in this paper.,metoclopramide,oculogyric crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"However, cyclosporine dependency is associated with the risk of nephrotoxicity.",cyclosporine,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"Quinapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-inhibitor) and overdose can lead to prolonged hypotension and, less frequently, transient renal impairment.",Quinapril,prolonged hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"Quinapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-inhibitor) and overdose can lead to prolonged hypotension and, less frequently, transient renal impairment.",Quinapril,transient renal impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [167]}}"
Cardiomyopathy after widely separated courses of adriamycin exacerbated by actinomycin-D and mithramycin.,actinomycin-D,Cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Cardiomyopathy after widely separated courses of adriamycin exacerbated by actinomycin-D and mithramycin.,adriamycin,Cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Cardiomyopathy after widely separated courses of adriamycin exacerbated by actinomycin-D and mithramycin.,mithramycin,Cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Exacerbations of the heart failure were temporally related to the administration of the antitumor antibiotics actinomycin-D (NSC-3053) and mithramycin (NSC-24559).,actinomycin-D,Exacerbations of the heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Exacerbations of the heart failure were temporally related to the administration of the antitumor antibiotics actinomycin-D (NSC-3053) and mithramycin (NSC-24559).,mithramycin,Exacerbations of the heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Exacerbations of the heart failure were temporally related to the administration of the antitumor antibiotics actinomycin-D (NSC-3053) and mithramycin (NSC-24559).,NSC-24559,Exacerbations of the heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Exacerbations of the heart failure were temporally related to the administration of the antitumor antibiotics actinomycin-D (NSC-3053) and mithramycin (NSC-24559).,NSC-3053,Exacerbations of the heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"The pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of adriamycin cardiomyopathy are reviewed, and the possible synergistic effect of other antitumor antibiotics is discussed.",adriamycin,cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Cardiac hypersensitivity and myopericarditis have been reported during long-term treatment with mesalazine.,mesalazine,Cardiac hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Cardiac hypersensitivity and myopericarditis have been reported during long-term treatment with mesalazine.,mesalazine,myopericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"We report the case of a man, treated with mesalazine for Crohn's disease who developed drug-induced pericarditis.",mesalazine,pericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Acute drug induced hepatitis due to erlotinib.,erlotinib,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}}"
CASE REPORT: We report a case of acute severe hepatitis resulting from erlotinib monotherapy in a patient with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.,erlotinib,acute severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [55]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Acute severe hepatitis though rare is occasionally observed with EGFR inhibitors gefitinib or erlotinib.,erlotinib,Acute severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [35]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Acute severe hepatitis though rare is occasionally observed with EGFR inhibitors gefitinib or erlotinib.,gefitinib,Acute severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Hepatotoxicity resolved once erlotinib was discontinued and serum transaminases returned to baseline normal values.,erlotinib,Hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis is a severe complication of systemic heparin therapy.,Heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis is a severe complication of systemic heparin therapy.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis is a severe complication of systemic heparin therapy.,Heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis is a severe complication of systemic heparin therapy.,heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"This experience supports the hypothesis that heparin can be readministered early to patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis, provided antiplatelet therapy is given.",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 98], 'end_char': [52, 105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [133]}}"
"This experience supports the hypothesis that heparin can be readministered early to patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis, provided antiplatelet therapy is given.",heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45, 98], 'end_char': [52, 105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [148]}}"
Usefulness of antiplatelet drugs in the management of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [89]}}"
Usefulness of antiplatelet drugs in the management of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis.,heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
RESULTS: A clinical diagnosis of fixed drug eruption owing to use of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil (Cialis) was made.,Cialis,fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [52]}}"
RESULTS: A clinical diagnosis of fixed drug eruption owing to use of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil (Cialis) was made.,tadalafil,fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"Even though only a few cases of this adverse event have been reported in the literature, severe docetaxel-induced pulmonary toxicity needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis when such patients present with respiratory symptoms.",docetaxel,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [132]}}"
Fatal interstitial pneumonitis associated with docetaxel administration in a patient with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.,docetaxel,Fatal interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
The case is presented of a 72-year-old man with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and weekly administration of 30 mg/m2 docetaxel who developed subacute interstitial pneumonitis-related pulmonary fibrosis after seven doses and died despite mechanical ventilation and high-dose corticosteroid treatment.,docetaxel,subacute interstitial pneumonitis-related pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [205]}}"
The patient presented with fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia within 48 hr of initiating therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.,sulfamethoxazole,fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [70]}}"
The patient presented with fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia within 48 hr of initiating therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.,trimethoprim,fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [70]}}"
The patient presented with fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia within 48 hr of initiating therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.,sulfamethoxazole,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [91]}}"
The patient presented with fulminant microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia within 48 hr of initiating therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.,trimethoprim,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [91]}}"
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in a Jehovah's Witness.,sulfamethoxazole,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in a Jehovah's Witness.,trimethoprim,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"We report a case of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura occurring as an allergic response to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy (Bactrim, Septra) in a Jehovah's Witness patient.",sulfamethoxazole,Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"We report a case of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura occurring as an allergic response to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy (Bactrim, Septra) in a Jehovah's Witness patient.",trimethoprim,Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Juvenile absence epilepsy exacerbated by valproic acid.,valproic acid,Juvenile absence epilepsy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"This report describes a case of paradoxical, intravenous valproic acid-induced seizure exacerbation in a child with juvenile absence epilepsy, documented by video-electroencephalography.",paradoxical,seizure exacerbation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"This report describes a case of paradoxical, intravenous valproic acid-induced seizure exacerbation in a child with juvenile absence epilepsy, documented by video-electroencephalography.",valproic acid,seizure exacerbation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [99]}}"
Acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) injection.,Avastin,Acute endophthalmitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) injection.,bevacizumab,Acute endophthalmitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Infectious endophthalmitis is a potential complication of intravitreal bevacizumab injection.,bevacizumab,Infectious endophthalmitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [39]}}"
METHODS: Two patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration were treated sequentially with an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and developed signs of severe but painless infectious endophthalmitis 2 days later.,bevacizumab,age-related macular degeneration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [69]}}"
METHODS: Two patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration were treated sequentially with an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and developed signs of severe but painless infectious endophthalmitis 2 days later.,bevacizumab,painless infectious endophthalmitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [211]}}"
PURPOSE: To report two cases of acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab injection.,bevacizumab,acute endophthalmitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [53]}}"
Pulmonary hypertension during lithium therapy: clinical case study.,lithium,Pulmonary hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"The authors presented a case of pulmonary hypertension during lithium therapy, while she has been on lithium for 6 years.",lithium,pulmonary hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62, 101], 'end_char': [69, 108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [54]}}"
This is the first report of pulmonary hypertension in an adult patient during lithium therapy.,lithium,pulmonary hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"The patient's arthritis flared after the second infusion of infliximab, which was discontinued.",infliximab,arthritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [23]}}"
"A 32-year-old man with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with circulatory collapse and deep coma after 9 days of treatment with perospirone hydrochloride, a recently developed atypical antipsychotic agent available only in Japan.",perospirone hydrochloride,circulatory collapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [174]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"A 32-year-old man with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with circulatory collapse and deep coma after 9 days of treatment with perospirone hydrochloride, a recently developed atypical antipsychotic agent available only in Japan.",perospirone hydrochloride,deep coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [174]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}}"
The risk of new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with diabetic risk factors who are taking perospirone hydrochloride or other atypical antipsychotics should be kept in mind.,perospirone hydrochloride,diabetic ketoacidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Fatal venous thrombembolism complicating imatinib therapy in a patient with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor.,imatinib,Fatal venous thrombembolism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"The possibility of deep vein thrombosis caused by the compression of the veins by necrotic tumor should be considered in patients with abdominal or pelvic metastases of GIST, including patients treated with imatinib.",imatinib,deep vein thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [207], 'end_char': [215]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [39]}}"
We describe the case of a 50-year-old woman with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who developed status epilepticus shortly after receiving cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy.,cisplatin,status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}}"
We describe the case of a 50-year-old woman with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who developed status epilepticus shortly after receiving cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy.,gemcitabine,status epilepticus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"Of particular interest in this patient is the fluctuation of the QT interval at a stable dose of methadone, suggesting that a single normal electrocardiogram (ECG) does not guarantee that the patient is not at risk of ventricular arrhythmias.",methadone,fluctuation of the QT interval,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [76]}}"
We present a case report of a patient who developed a prolonged QT while being treated with oral methadone for a chronic pain syndrome.,methadone,prolonged QT,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"AIMS: To present a case of piloerection after replacing fluvoxamine maleate with milnacipran hydrochloride, and to analyse this effect based on receptor occupancy theory.",fluvoxamine maleate,piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"AIMS: To present a case of piloerection after replacing fluvoxamine maleate with milnacipran hydrochloride, and to analyse this effect based on receptor occupancy theory.",milnacipran hydrochloride,piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [39]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The piloerection observed after the replacement of fluvoxamine with milnacipran in this patient appears to have been due to an increase in the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor occupancy by endogenous norepinephrine induced by milnacipran.,fluvoxamine,piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [29]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The piloerection observed after the replacement of fluvoxamine with milnacipran in this patient appears to have been due to an increase in the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor occupancy by endogenous norepinephrine induced by milnacipran.,milnacipran,piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81, 228], 'end_char': [92, 239]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Piloerection induced by replacing fluvoxamine with milnacipran.,fluvoxamine,Piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
Piloerection induced by replacing fluvoxamine with milnacipran.,milnacipran,Piloerection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: We report a patient with CF who developed recurrent eosinophilia and severe persistent bronchospasm following repeated administration of preservative-free tobramycin by inhalation, beginning at 16 months of age.",tobramycin,recurrent eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"CASE PRESENTATION: We report a patient with CF who developed recurrent eosinophilia and severe persistent bronchospasm following repeated administration of preservative-free tobramycin by inhalation, beginning at 16 months of age.",tobramycin,severe persistent bronchospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [118]}}"
CONCLUSION: Hypersensitivity reaction should be considered in patients who develop recurrent eosinophilia and deterioration of pulmonary function following the use of tobramycin by inhalation or by intravenous administration.,tobramycin,deterioration of pulmonary function,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [145]}}"
CONCLUSION: Hypersensitivity reaction should be considered in patients who develop recurrent eosinophilia and deterioration of pulmonary function following the use of tobramycin by inhalation or by intravenous administration.,tobramycin,recurrent eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [105]}}"
Inhaled tobramycin solution-associated recurrent eosinophilia and severe persistent bronchospasm in a patient with cystic fibrosis: a case report.,tobramycin,recurrent eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Inhaled tobramycin solution-associated recurrent eosinophilia and severe persistent bronchospasm in a patient with cystic fibrosis: a case report.,tobramycin,severe persistent bronchospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [18]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"The most serious dental side effect of bisphosphonate treatment (particularly when it is administered intravenously) is, paradoxically, osteonecrosis of the mandible or the maxilla represented by exposed nonhealing bone.",bisphosphonate,osteonecrosis of the mandible,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [165]}}"
"Adverse effects of amiodarone including pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, aggravation of arrhythmia, and thyroid diseases are well understood.",amiodarone,aggravation of arrhythmia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Adverse effects of amiodarone including pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, aggravation of arrhythmia, and thyroid diseases are well understood.",amiodarone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"Adverse effects of amiodarone including pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, aggravation of arrhythmia, and thyroid diseases are well understood.",amiodarone,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"Adverse effects of amiodarone including pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, aggravation of arrhythmia, and thyroid diseases are well understood.",amiodarone,thyroid diseases,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"Pancreatitis is a very rare adverse effect associated with the use of amiodarone, and only four cases of amiodarone-induced pancreatitis have been reported in literature.",amiodarone,Pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 105], 'end_char': [80, 115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"Pancreatitis is a very rare adverse effect associated with the use of amiodarone, and only four cases of amiodarone-induced pancreatitis have been reported in literature.",amiodarone,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70, 105], 'end_char': [80, 115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [136]}}"
"Under the suspicion of amiodarone-induced acute pancreatitis, amiodarone was substituted by propafenone.",amiodarone,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23, 62], 'end_char': [33, 72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [60]}}"
We report a patient who developed acute pancreatitis during amiodarone therapy.,amiodarone,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [52]}}"
DISCUSSION: To our knowledge this is the first reported case of tuberculous uveitis following treatment with etanercept.,etanercept,tuberculous uveitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Tuberculous uveitis after treatment with etanercept.,etanercept,Tuberculous uveitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
We report the first case of tuberculous uveitis due to etanercept.,etanercept,tuberculous uveitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [47]}}"
A complex pattern of melanonychia and onycholysis after treatment with pemetrexed for lung cancer.,pemetrexed,melanonychia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [33]}}"
A complex pattern of melanonychia and onycholysis after treatment with pemetrexed for lung cancer.,pemetrexed,onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"Infliximab and its serious adverse effects are discussed, and other cases of osteomyelitis with infliximab use are also reviewed.",Infliximab,osteomyelitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"Infliximab and its serious adverse effects are discussed, and other cases of osteomyelitis with infliximab use are also reviewed.",infliximab,osteomyelitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Osteomyelitis occurring during infliximab treatment of severe psoriasis.,infliximab,Osteomyelitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"Based on the Naranjo probability scale, serotonin syndrome was a probable adverse reaction associated with co-administration of citalopram and fentanyl.",citalopram,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"Based on the Naranjo probability scale, serotonin syndrome was a probable adverse reaction associated with co-administration of citalopram and fentanyl.",fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [152]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,myoclonic jerks,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [191]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,myoclonic jerks,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [191]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,myoclonic jerks,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [191]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [227], 'end_char': [245]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [227], 'end_char': [245]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [227], 'end_char': [245]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [165]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [165]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [165]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,tremors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,tremors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,tremors,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,unsteady gait,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,unsteady gait,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [209]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old patient chronically treated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram developed confusion, agitation, tachycardia, tremors, myoclonic jerks and unsteady gait, consistent with serotonin syndrome, following initiation of fentanyl, and all symptoms and signs resolved following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,unsteady gait,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271, 346], 'end_char': [279, 354]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [209]}}"
CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals should be aware of the possible development of serotonin syndrome as a complication of initiation of fentanyl and other phenylpiperidine opioids in patients treated with SSRIs.,fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [102]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To report a case of serotonin syndrome associated with interaction between fentanyl and citalopram, as evidenced by medication history, clinical features and reversal following discontinuation of fentanyl.",citalopram,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To report a case of serotonin syndrome associated with interaction between fentanyl and citalopram, as evidenced by medication history, clinical features and reversal following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86, 207], 'end_char': [94, 215]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: To report a case of serotonin syndrome associated with interaction between fentanyl and citalopram, as evidenced by medication history, clinical features and reversal following discontinuation of fentanyl.",fentanyl,serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86, 207], 'end_char': [94, 215]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Serotonin syndrome caused by interaction between citalopram and fentanyl.,citalopram,Serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Serotonin syndrome caused by interaction between citalopram and fentanyl.,fentanyl,Serotonin syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Renal failure after high-dose methotrexate in a child homozygous for MTHFR C677T polymorphism.,methotrexate,Renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We report the case of an 11-year-old female treated for mediastinal T-cell lymphoma who presented renal failure following the second cycle of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX).,HDMTX,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [111]}}"
We report the case of an 11-year-old female treated for mediastinal T-cell lymphoma who presented renal failure following the second cycle of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX).,methotrexate,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [111]}}"
Docetaxel induced Meibomian duct inflammation and blockage is the likely cause of this presentation in a patient with no history of eyelid masses in the past.,Docetaxel,Meibomian duct inflammation and blockage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Docetaxel-induced Meibomian duct inflammation and blockage leading to chalazion formation.,Docetaxel,chalazion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Docetaxel-induced Meibomian duct inflammation and blockage leading to chalazion formation.,Docetaxel,Meibomian duct inflammation and blockage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [58]}}"
We report a 71-year male with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer who was treated with weekly docetaxel for 12 weeks and developed significant eye irritation and dryness during treatment.,docetaxel,eye irritation and dryness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [181]}}"
A case of recall pneumonitis induced by gemcitabine is reported.,gemcitabine,recall pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"After having received gemcitabine on day 1 of the second course, the patient developed dry cough, subfebrile temperatures and dyspnea within 48 h.",gemcitabine,dry cough,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"After having received gemcitabine on day 1 of the second course, the patient developed dry cough, subfebrile temperatures and dyspnea within 48 h.",gemcitabine,dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [133]}}"
"After having received gemcitabine on day 1 of the second course, the patient developed dry cough, subfebrile temperatures and dyspnea within 48 h.",gemcitabine,subfebrile temperatures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [121]}}"
CONCLUSION: Gemcitabine-induced recall pneumonitis is a rarely reported phenomenon and should be taken into account even after extended time interval to the previous radiotherapy.,Gemcitabine,recall pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Radiation recall pneumonitis induced by gemcitabine.,gemcitabine,Radiation recall pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: For all patients with vancomycin-induced neutropenia, possible cross-reactivity of teicoplanin should be monitored.",vancomycin,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"However, a new episode of neutropenia, with a WBC count of 2.8 x 10(3)/mm3 and ANC of 0.448 x 10(3)/mm3, occurred 11 days after teicoplanin initiation.",teicoplanin,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [37]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report teicoplanin-related neutropenia that developed after an episode of neutropenia induced by vancomycin therapy.,teicoplanin,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 88], 'end_char': [52, 99]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report teicoplanin-related neutropenia that developed after an episode of neutropenia induced by vancomycin therapy.,vancomycin,neutropenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 88], 'end_char': [52, 99]}}"
Teicoplanin-induced agranulocytosis that followed vancomycin-induced agranulocytosis suggests a possible cross-reactivity between the 2 drugs.,Teicoplanin,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20, 69], 'end_char': [35, 84]}}"
Teicoplanin-induced agranulocytosis that followed vancomycin-induced agranulocytosis suggests a possible cross-reactivity between the 2 drugs.,vancomycin,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20, 69], 'end_char': [35, 84]}}"
Cutaneous ulceration: an unusual complication of intravenous pentamidine therapy.,pentamidine,Cutaneous ulceration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
This is a report of a renal transplant patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia who developed chemical cellulitis and ulceration following the extravasation of intravenous pentamidine into the soft tissues of the left hand and forearm.,pentamidine,chemical cellulitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [108]}}"
This is a report of a renal transplant patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia who developed chemical cellulitis and ulceration following the extravasation of intravenous pentamidine into the soft tissues of the left hand and forearm.,pentamidine,ulceration,"{'drug': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [178]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}}"
OBSERVATIONS: A 48-year-old woman presented with disfiguring facial edema 10 weeks after she began antiviral therapy with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C infection.,peginterferon alfa-2a,disfiguring facial edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [143]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [73]}}"
OBSERVATIONS: A 48-year-old woman presented with disfiguring facial edema 10 weeks after she began antiviral therapy with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C infection.,ribavirin,disfiguring facial edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Tumor-volume increase at beginning of primary treatment with topical interferon alpha 2-beta in a case of conjunctiva-cornea intraepithelial neoplasia.,interferon alpha 2-beta,Tumor-volume increase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Flecainide overdose can rapidly result in profound cardiovascular collapse, and is associated with a relatively high mortality.",Flecainide,cardiovascular collapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Managing cardiovascular collapse in severe flecainide overdose without recourse to extracorporeal therapy.,flecainide,cardiovascular collapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Ezetimibe-induced acute pancreatitis.,Ezetimibe,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Since its FDA approval in 2002, there are no known citations of ezetimibe-induced pancreatitis.",ezetimibe,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene-associated aggravation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.,raloxifene,aggravation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [103]}}"
This is the first histologically confirmed case of NASH that was aggravated by raloxifene.,raloxifene,NASH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [55]}}"
A case of liver damage following treatment with Danazol for fibrocystic breast disease is reported.,Danazol,liver damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Hepatic damage after danazol treatment.,danazol,Hepatic damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like syndrome associated with the use of lenalidomide.,lenalidomide,Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"In this report, we describe a patient receiving lenalidomide in whom dyspnea, fever, hypoxia, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates developed.",lenalidomide,diffuse pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"In this report, we describe a patient receiving lenalidomide in whom dyspnea, fever, hypoxia, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates developed.",lenalidomide,dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"In this report, we describe a patient receiving lenalidomide in whom dyspnea, fever, hypoxia, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates developed.",lenalidomide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"In this report, we describe a patient receiving lenalidomide in whom dyspnea, fever, hypoxia, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates developed.",lenalidomide,hypoxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [92]}}"
Physicians should be cognizant of this potential complication in patients receiving thalidomide or thalidomide-like drugs who present with fever and pulmonary infiltrates and fail to improve despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics.,thalidomide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84, 99], 'end_char': [95, 110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [144]}}"
Physicians should be cognizant of this potential complication in patients receiving thalidomide or thalidomide-like drugs who present with fever and pulmonary infiltrates and fail to improve despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics.,thalidomide,pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84, 99], 'end_char': [95, 110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"Thus, the patient's clinical course and workup strongly support a diagnosis of lenalidomide-induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like syndrome.",lenalidomide,hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [142]}}"
Intravitreal triamcinolone may have had an influence on the exacerbation of retinochoroiditis in the posterior pole of the patient.,triamcinolone,exacerbation of retinochoroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"A 40-year-old man with advanced HIV infection and Mycobacterium avium complex infection experienced rapid cognitive decline after commencement of ethambutol, and symptoms fully resolved with cessation.",ethambutol,rapid cognitive decline,"{'drug': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [123]}}"
Ethambutol toxicity manifesting as acute onset psychosis.,Ethambutol,acute onset psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Psoriasis induced by interferon-alpha.,interferon-alpha,Psoriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"Recombinant human interferon-alpha has been used in the treatment of several cancers, but there have been several reports that it may exacerbate psoriasis or trigger off its onset.",Recombinant human interferon-alpha,exacerbate psoriasis or trigger off its onset,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [179]}}"
"We report four patients, three of whom first developed psoriasis and one who had an aggravation of the condition during treatment with interferon-alpha.",interferon-alpha,psoriasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [64]}}"
A 61-year-old man with early diffuse cutaneous scleroderma with myositis and progressive interstitial pneumonia developed generalized erythema with high fever 3 weeks after taking sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.,sulfamethoxazole,generalized erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [196]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [142]}}"
A 61-year-old man with early diffuse cutaneous scleroderma with myositis and progressive interstitial pneumonia developed generalized erythema with high fever 3 weeks after taking sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.,trimethoprim,generalized erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [197], 'end_char': [209]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [142]}}"
INTRODUCTION: We describe the neurointensive care (NIC) management of a patient with severe cerebral swelling and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) after severe sodium valproic acid (VPA) intoxication.,sodium valproic acid,raised intracranial pressure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [142]}}"
INTRODUCTION: We describe the neurointensive care (NIC) management of a patient with severe cerebral swelling and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) after severe sodium valproic acid (VPA) intoxication.,VPA,raised intracranial pressure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [142]}}"
INTRODUCTION: We describe the neurointensive care (NIC) management of a patient with severe cerebral swelling and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) after severe sodium valproic acid (VPA) intoxication.,sodium valproic acid,severe cerebral swelling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [182]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [109]}}"
INTRODUCTION: We describe the neurointensive care (NIC) management of a patient with severe cerebral swelling and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) after severe sodium valproic acid (VPA) intoxication.,VPA,severe cerebral swelling,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [109]}}"
Neurointensive care management of raised intracranial pressure caused by severe valproic acid intoxication.,valproic acid,raised intracranial pressure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Bleomycin induced hyperpigmentation with yolk sac tumor.,Bleomycin,hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"The hyperpigmentation was diffuse scattered, flagellate like and linear streaking which was thought to be mainly related to the skin toxicity of bleomycin.",bleomycin,skin toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"We report a child with yolk sac tumor who developed localized pigmentation after the first course of chemotherapy regimen that included cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin.",bleomycin,localized pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [170]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"We report a child with yolk sac tumor who developed localized pigmentation after the first course of chemotherapy regimen that included cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin.",cisplatin,localized pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"We report a child with yolk sac tumor who developed localized pigmentation after the first course of chemotherapy regimen that included cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin.",etoposide,localized pigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [74]}}"
A cause-effect relationship to capecitabine was suggested due to resolution of headache with capecitabine withdrawal and reappearance with capecitabine rechallenge.,capecitabine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31, 93, 139], 'end_char': [43, 105, 151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [87]}}"
BACKGROUND: Headaches have been reported as a potential side effect of capecitabine therapy.,capecitabine,Headaches,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Capecitabine-induced headache responding to diltiazem.,Capecitabine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [29]}}"
CCBs should be considered in the treatment of 5-FU or capecitabine-induced headaches.,5-FU,headaches,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [84]}}"
CCBs should be considered in the treatment of 5-FU or capecitabine-induced headaches.,capecitabine,headaches,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [84]}}"
The patient developed grade 3 capecitabine-induced headache.,capecitabine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [59]}}"
We hypothesize that capecitabine-induced headache is vascular in nature.,capecitabine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Brugada type electrocardiographic changes induced by concomitant use of lithium and propafenone in patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.,lithium,Brugada type electrocardiographic changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [41]}}"
Brugada type electrocardiographic changes induced by concomitant use of lithium and propafenone in patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.,propafenone,Brugada type electrocardiographic changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [41]}}"
We report a case of ST elevation in right precordial leads compatible with type 1 Brugada syndrome following administration of propafenone in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who was receiving lithium at concentrations within therapeutic levels.,propafenone,ST elevation in right precordial leads,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [58]}}"
We report a case of ST elevation in right precordial leads compatible with type 1 Brugada syndrome following administration of propafenone in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who was receiving lithium at concentrations within therapeutic levels.,propafenone,type 1 Brugada syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"We postulate that gastritis caused by dexamethasone, mucositis caused by doxorubicin, and the unique anatomic nature of a Meckel diverticulum may have contributed to this extremely unlikely and previously unreported event.",dexamethasone,gastritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"We postulate that gastritis caused by dexamethasone, mucositis caused by doxorubicin, and the unique anatomic nature of a Meckel diverticulum may have contributed to this extremely unlikely and previously unreported event.",doxorubicin,mucositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Bortezomib-induced paralytic ileus is a potential gastrointestinal side effect of this first-in-class anticancer proteasome inhibitor.,Bortezomib,gastrointestinal side effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Bortezomib-induced paralytic ileus is a potential gastrointestinal side effect of this first-in-class anticancer proteasome inhibitor.,Bortezomib,paralytic ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"Paralytic ileus in patients undergoing bortezomib treatment has been reported, although a definite attribution to bortezomib administration has not been established.",bortezomib,Paralytic ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39, 114], 'end_char': [49, 124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"We report a myeloma patient who developed severe paralytic ileus during bortezomib therapy, which presented in the context of progressive constipation without other known causes and which regressed promptly with medical management after drug cessation, suggesting a direct causal relationship.",bortezomib,severe paralytic ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [64]}}"
A woman developed delusional parasitosis when taking phenelzine.,phenelzine,delusional parasitosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Delusional parasitosis associated with phenelzine.,phenelzine,Delusional parasitosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Interstitial pneumonitis and alveolar hemorrhage complicating use of rituximab: case report and review of the literature.,rituximab,alveolar hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Interstitial pneumonitis and alveolar hemorrhage complicating use of rituximab: case report and review of the literature.,rituximab,Interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The use of rituximab has been uncommonly associated with delayed pulmonary toxicity.,rituximab,delayed pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Fulminant metoclopramide induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome rapidly responsive to intravenous dantrolene.,metoclopramide,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [63]}}"
We report a case of fulminant neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a man aged 70 developing within 12 hours of starting six-hourly intravenous metoclopramide.,metoclopramide,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [60]}}"
The clinical symptoms of gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia due to long-term PGE1 therapy simulate hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.,PGE1,gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [60]}}"
The results of the ultrasound examination combined with clinical anamnesis allowed diagnosis of gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia due to prolonged PGE1 therapy.,PGE1,gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"A 79-year-old man with ischemic heart disease, chronic atrial fibrillation, chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, and gout arthritis was hospitalized because of fatigue, myalgia, and leg weakness, shortly after starting treatment with colchicine.",colchicine,fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [246]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [169]}}"
"A 79-year-old man with ischemic heart disease, chronic atrial fibrillation, chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, and gout arthritis was hospitalized because of fatigue, myalgia, and leg weakness, shortly after starting treatment with colchicine.",colchicine,leg weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [246]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [196]}}"
"A 79-year-old man with ischemic heart disease, chronic atrial fibrillation, chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, and gout arthritis was hospitalized because of fatigue, myalgia, and leg weakness, shortly after starting treatment with colchicine.",colchicine,myalgia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [246]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [178]}}"
A case of colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis is reported.,colchicine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis is a rare complication, and the postulated mechanisms and risk factors for this severe complication are discussed.",Colchicine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis.,Colchicine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"Investigation confirmed the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis, and discontinuation of colchicine resulted in resolution of clinical and biochemical features of rhabdomylysis.",colchicine,rhabdomylysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [167]}}"
5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity complicating treatment of stage IIB cervical cancer--case report.,5-Fluorouracil,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [29]}}"
CONCLUSION: Acetic acid is corrosive and may cause vagina bleeding.,Acetic acid,vagina bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Induction of systemic lupus erythematosus by interferon-gamma in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,interferon-gamma,systemic lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [41]}}"
The development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 38 months of therapy with recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) was observed in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,recombinant human interferon gamma,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [52]}}"
The development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 38 months of therapy with recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) was observed in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,rIFN-gamma,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [52]}}"
The development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 38 months of therapy with recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) was observed in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,recombinant human interferon gamma,systemic lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [47]}}"
The development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 38 months of therapy with recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) was observed in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,rIFN-gamma,systemic lupus erythematosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [47]}}"
We assume that rIFN-gamma induced the de novo development of SLE in our patient.,rIFN-gamma,SLE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Bisphosphonate induced osteochemonecrosis of the jaw mimicking a tumour.,Bisphosphonate,osteochemonecrosis of the jaw,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Clozapine-induced eosinophilia and switch to quetiapine in a patient with chronic schizophrenia with suicidal tendencies.,Clozapine,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Drug-induced eosinophilia is a non-dose-dependent side effect of clozapine.,clozapine,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Occasionally, despite good therapeutic response, clozapine must be stopped due to dangerous side effects such as agranulocytosis.",clozapine,agranulocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a serious metabolic complication that occurs because of metformin accumulation in patients who become dehydrated or developed acute renal failure.,metformin,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a serious metabolic complication that occurs because of metformin accumulation in patients who become dehydrated or developed acute renal failure.,Metformin,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Metformin-associated lactic acidosis precipitated by diarrhea.,Metformin,lactic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [36]}}"
An apparent link is described between the use of MMF with prednisone to treat pemphigus vulgaris and the development of red blood cell anemia.,MMF,red blood cell anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [141]}}"
An apparent link is described between the use of MMF with prednisone to treat pemphigus vulgaris and the development of red blood cell anemia.,prednisone,red blood cell anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [141]}}"
Red blood cell anemia in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris induced by the use of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone.,mycophenolate mofetil,Red blood cell anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Red blood cell anemia in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris induced by the use of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone.,prednisone,Red blood cell anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
The dermatology literature heretofore has not noted that anemia is a side effect of patients taking MMF to treat pemphigus.,MMF,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"This report suggests that anemia can occur due to MMF, in particular when it is given with prednisone, a side effect well documented in the transplantation literature when the triple combination of MMF, cyclosporine and prednisone is used.",cyclosporine,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [203], 'end_char': [215]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"This report suggests that anemia can occur due to MMF, in particular when it is given with prednisone, a side effect well documented in the transplantation literature when the triple combination of MMF, cyclosporine and prednisone is used.",MMF,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50, 198], 'end_char': [53, 201]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"This report suggests that anemia can occur due to MMF, in particular when it is given with prednisone, a side effect well documented in the transplantation literature when the triple combination of MMF, cyclosporine and prednisone is used.",MMF,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50, 198], 'end_char': [53, 201]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"This report suggests that anemia can occur due to MMF, in particular when it is given with prednisone, a side effect well documented in the transplantation literature when the triple combination of MMF, cyclosporine and prednisone is used.",prednisone,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91, 220], 'end_char': [101, 230]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"This report suggests that anemia can occur due to MMF, in particular when it is given with prednisone, a side effect well documented in the transplantation literature when the triple combination of MMF, cyclosporine and prednisone is used.",prednisone,anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91, 220], 'end_char': [101, 230]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [32]}}"
A search of the United States Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System identified nine cases of oxcarbazepine-associated angioedema in pediatric patients aged 16 years and younger.,oxcarbazepine,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [152]}}"
Clinical profile of oxcarbazepine-related angioneurotic edema: case report and review.,oxcarbazepine,angioneurotic edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"Oxcarbazepine-associated angioedema manifested by swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue or difficulty swallowing or breathing (or both) is a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction for which early recognition and management are vital.",Oxcarbazepine,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"We describe in detail the first U.S. case report, of a 4(1/2)-year-old boy who experienced angioedema during treatment with oxcarbazepine.",oxcarbazepine,angioedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [101]}}"
"Here we describe another case of VOD occurring after LT, but in which the causative role was played by azathioprine.",azathioprine,VOD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [36]}}"
One case of tacrolimus-induced hepatic VOD developing after lung transplantation (LT) has been recently reported.,tacrolimus,hepatic VOD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"Carbamazepine hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare, life-threatening condition.",Carbamazepine,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia developed drug-induced pulmonary toxicity after using low dose oral etoposide.,etoposide,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [88]}}"
"Because etoposide-induced pulmonary toxicity is an uncommon but serious adverse event, clinicians must be vigilant about the possibility of it, so that the optimal treatment can start as soon as possible.",etoposide,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [44]}}"
PET scintigraphy of etoposide-induced pulmonary toxicity.,etoposide,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Detection of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in a patient with L-tryptophan induced eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.,L-tryptophan,eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [117]}}"
The Center for Disease Control has received numerous reports of an eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome related to products containing L-tryptophan.,L-tryptophan,eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"Here, we report a case of RFP-induced hypothyroidism without underlying thyroid disease.",RFP,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Rifampin-induced hypothyroidism without underlying thyroid disease.,Rifampin,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.",RFP,Hashimoto's thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10, 91], 'end_char': [13, 94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.",Rifampin,Hashimoto's thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.",RFP,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10, 91], 'end_char': [13, 94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.",Rifampin,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"A patient is described who developed a rapid onset of pulmonary fibrosis following treatment with a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, nabumetone.",nabumetone,pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Pulmonary fibrosis associated with nabumetone.,nabumetone,Pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Cyclosporine is a potent inhibitor of simvastatin metabolism, and may therefore facilitate simvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis.",Cyclosporine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [125]}}"
"Cyclosporine is a potent inhibitor of simvastatin metabolism, and may therefore facilitate simvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis.",simvastatin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38, 91], 'end_char': [49, 102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [125]}}"
Discontinuation of simvastatin and cyclosporine resulted in resolution of rhabdomyolysis and normalization of renal function.,cyclosporine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Discontinuation of simvastatin and cyclosporine resulted in resolution of rhabdomyolysis and normalization of renal function.,simvastatin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Simvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis following cyclosporine treatment for uveitis.,cyclosporine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Simvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis following cyclosporine treatment for uveitis.,Simvastatin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Generalized lichen nitidus with involvement of the palms following interferon alpha treatment.,interferon alpha,Generalized lichen nitidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Here we present the case of a generalized lichen nitidus with involvement of the palms in a patient with hepatitis C after systemic treatment with interferon alpha and ribavirin.,interferon alpha,generalized lichen nitidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [163]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Here we present the case of a generalized lichen nitidus with involvement of the palms in a patient with hepatitis C after systemic treatment with interferon alpha and ribavirin.,ribavirin,generalized lichen nitidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [56]}}"
It is tempting to speculate that interferon alpha may be involved in the pathogenesis of lichen nitidus.,interferon alpha,lichen nitidus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [103]}}"
Sirolimus-eluting stent thrombosis several years after clopidogrel discontinuation.,clopidogrel,Sirolimus-eluting stent thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Treatment of APL in pregnancy is controversial as the use of ATRA has been questioned due to the teratogenic effect of retinoids.,ATRA,teratogenic effect,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [115]}}"
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) related to therapy with the drug gefitinib has been well reported.,gefitinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) related to therapy with the drug gefitinib has been well reported.,gefitinib,Interstitial lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Pulmonary toxicity associated with erlotinib.,erlotinib,Pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Similar to reports in patients receiving gefitinib, those with pathologic findings of UIP on resected lung specimens or known pulmonary fibrosis may be at particular risk for erlotinib pulmonary toxicity.",erlotinib,pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"Similar to reports in patients receiving gefitinib, those with pathologic findings of UIP on resected lung specimens or known pulmonary fibrosis may be at particular risk for erlotinib pulmonary toxicity.",erlotinib,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [185], 'end_char': [203]}}"
This case and other published evidence should alert physicians to the possibility of fatal erlotinib-induced ILD.,erlotinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [112]}}"
We report a case of fatal pulmonary toxicity in a patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received erlotinib.,erlotinib,fatal pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [44]}}"
It has been reported that fluoroquinolone antimicrobials prolong the corrected QT interval but rarely cause torsade de pointes.,fluoroquinolone,torsade de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [126]}}"
Torsade de pointes associated with moxifloxacin: a rare but potentially fatal adverse event.,moxifloxacin,Torsade de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
AIM: To report three cases of extensive skin necrosis in cirrhotic patients treated with the vasoconstrictor agent terlipressin (Glypressin).,Glypressin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}}"
AIM: To report three cases of extensive skin necrosis in cirrhotic patients treated with the vasoconstrictor agent terlipressin (Glypressin).,terlipressin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"Both colchicine and statin therapy may be associated with myopathy, which usually occurs after several months of therapy.",colchicine,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"Both colchicine and statin therapy may be associated with myopathy, which usually occurs after several months of therapy.",statin,myopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Rapid onset of muscle weakness (rhabdomyolysis) associated with the combined use of simvastatin and colchicine.,colchicine,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Rapid onset of muscle weakness (rhabdomyolysis) associated with the combined use of simvastatin and colchicine.,simvastatin,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Rapid onset of muscle weakness (rhabdomyolysis) associated with the combined use of simvastatin and colchicine.,colchicine,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Rapid onset of muscle weakness (rhabdomyolysis) associated with the combined use of simvastatin and colchicine.,simvastatin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"The concomitant use, however, of colchicine and statin has been associated with the rapid onset of muscle weakness.",colchicine,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"The concomitant use, however, of colchicine and statin has been associated with the rapid onset of muscle weakness.",statin,muscle weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [114]}}"
We report a case of a patient with mild chronic renal insufficiency who had been taking simvastatin for over a year and developed acute weakness within 3 weeks after the start of treatment with colchicine for acute gouty bursitis.,colchicine,acute weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [194], 'end_char': [204]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
We report a case of a patient with mild chronic renal insufficiency who had been taking simvastatin for over a year and developed acute weakness within 3 weeks after the start of treatment with colchicine for acute gouty bursitis.,simvastatin,acute weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
We report a case of a patient with mild chronic renal insufficiency who had been taking simvastatin for over a year and developed acute weakness within 3 weeks after the start of treatment with colchicine for acute gouty bursitis.,simvastatin,mild chronic renal insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as a complication of methotrexate treatment of asthma.,methotrexate,Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"Pneumocystis pneumonia should be considered in asthmatic patients taking methotrexate who present with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxia.",methotrexate,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"Pneumocystis pneumonia should be considered in asthmatic patients taking methotrexate who present with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxia.",methotrexate,hypoxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"Pneumocystis pneumonia should be considered in asthmatic patients taking methotrexate who present with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxia.",methotrexate,Pneumocystis pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Pneumocystis pneumonia should be considered in asthmatic patients taking methotrexate who present with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxia.",methotrexate,pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [131]}}"
CASE REPORT: A six-year-old boy with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia developed a unilateral hearing loss shortly after commencing desferrioxamine therapy.,desferrioxamine,unilateral hearing loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [153]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,abdominal sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [225]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,cellulitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [148]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,disseminated herpes zoster,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,gastroenteritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [256], 'end_char': [271]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26, 122], 'end_char': [35, 131]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,lower respiratory tract infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [132]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,mycotic aneurysm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [231], 'end_char': [247]}}"
"Eleven patients developed infection requiring hospitalization while taking leflunomide including: lower respiratory tract infections (3), cellulitis (2), disseminated herpes zoster (2), probable TB liver (1), abdominal sepsis (1), mycotic aneurysm (1) and gastroenteritis (1).",leflunomide,TB liver,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [203]}}"
Leflunomide-associated infections in rheumatoid arthritis.,Leflunomide,infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [33]}}"
The NZ Pharmacovigilance Centre has received 7 additional reports of severe infections in patients with RA taking leflunomide.,leflunomide,severe infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"A 58-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed fever, skin eruptions, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia, 3 weeks after treatment with sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"A 58-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed fever, skin eruptions, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia, 3 weeks after treatment with sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,leukocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"A 58-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed fever, skin eruptions, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia, 3 weeks after treatment with sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"A 58-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed fever, skin eruptions, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia, 3 weeks after treatment with sulfasalazine.",sulfasalazine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [151], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [120]}}"
Sulfasalazine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome and hemophagocytic syndrome associated with reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus.,Sulfasalazine,hemophagocytic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Sulfasalazine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome and hemophagocytic syndrome associated with reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus.,Sulfasalazine,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [47]}}"
This case illustrates that the hemophagocytic syndrome associated with reactivation of EBV can occur as part of drug hypersensitivity reactions in RA patients taking sulfasalazine.,sulfasalazine,hemophagocytic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"The goal of this study is to describe three patients diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy (both under control) who evolved into status migrainosus after the introduction of oxcarbazepine (OXC), as part of a switch off from carbamazepine (CBZ).",carbamazepine,status migrainosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [223], 'end_char': [236]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"The goal of this study is to describe three patients diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy (both under control) who evolved into status migrainosus after the introduction of oxcarbazepine (OXC), as part of a switch off from carbamazepine (CBZ).",CBZ,status migrainosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [238], 'end_char': [241]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"The goal of this study is to describe three patients diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy (both under control) who evolved into status migrainosus after the introduction of oxcarbazepine (OXC), as part of a switch off from carbamazepine (CBZ).",OXC,status migrainosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [191]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"The goal of this study is to describe three patients diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy (both under control) who evolved into status migrainosus after the introduction of oxcarbazepine (OXC), as part of a switch off from carbamazepine (CBZ).",oxcarbazepine,status migrainosus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
Uncontrolled headache induced by oxcarbazepine.,oxcarbazepine,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [21]}}"
CONCLUSION: A patient with CHF and ESRD developed myoclonic muscle spasms after receiving dobutamine by continuous i.v. infusion.,dobutamine,myoclonic muscle spasms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Myoclonus associated with continuous dobutamine infusion in a patient with end-stage renal disease.,dobutamine,Myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
PURPOSE: The occurrence of myoclonus associated with continuous i.v. infusion of dobutamine in a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is described.,dobutamine,myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Reports of colonic perforation as a result of the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol are rare.,calcium polystyrene sulfonate,colonic perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [30]}}"
Reports of colonic perforation as a result of the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol are rare.,sorbitol,colonic perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We concluded that the colonic ulcer and the sigmoidovesical fistula had been caused by the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol.,calcium polystyrene sulfonate,colonic ulcer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We concluded that the colonic ulcer and the sigmoidovesical fistula had been caused by the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol.,sorbitol,colonic ulcer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We concluded that the colonic ulcer and the sigmoidovesical fistula had been caused by the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol.,calcium polystyrene sulfonate,sigmoidovesical fistula,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [67]}}"
We concluded that the colonic ulcer and the sigmoidovesical fistula had been caused by the administration of calcium polystyrene sulfonate and sorbitol.,sorbitol,sigmoidovesical fistula,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Psychosis in a 12-year-old HIV-positive girl with an increased serum concentration of efavirenz.,efavirenz,Psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"We report (to our knowledge, for the first time in a child) the emergence of psychosis in a 12-year old white girl with an increased efavirenz concentration and heterozygous gene polymorphism of the CYP2B6-G516T.",efavirenz,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"Mycobacterium marinum infection complicating Crohn's disease, treated with infliximab.",infliximab,Mycobacterium marinum infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia after adenosine infusion.,adenosine,Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [45]}}"
We present a case of a sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia following adenosine infusion.,adenosine,sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"Surprisingly, we found that three patients appeared to develop tardive OGC while taking clozapine.",clozapine,tardive OGC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Tardive oculogyric crisis during treatment with clozapine: report of three cases.,clozapine,Tardive oculogyric crisis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Metronidazole neuropathy.,Metronidazole,neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Two patients are described who developed sensory neuropathy after the ingestion of 30.6 and 114 g metronidazole respectively.,metronidazole,sensory neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [59]}}"
We report a case of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with low-dose methotrexate (15 mg/week) who developed infection with both M. tuberculosis and M. chelonae after the revision of a prosthetic hip.,methotrexate,infection with both M. tuberculosis and M. chelonae,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [169]}}"
DIAGNOSIS: Sustained ventricular tachycardia possibly owing to thalidomide treatment.,thalidomide,Sustained ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Multiple syncopal episodes started to occur during thalidomide treatment, and a Holter electrocardiogram showed multiple abnormalities, with an episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia.",thalidomide,Multiple syncopal episodes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"Multiple syncopal episodes started to occur during thalidomide treatment, and a Holter electrocardiogram showed multiple abnormalities, with an episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia.",thalidomide,sustained ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [188]}}"
Sustained ventricular tachycardia in a thalidomide-treated patient with primary plasma-cell leukemia.,thalidomide,Sustained ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
A patient developed typical ECM after subcutaneous selfinjection of glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis.,glatiramer acetate,ECM,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Embolia cutis medicamentosa following subcutaneous injection of glatiramer acetate.,glatiramer acetate,Embolia cutis medicamentosa,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"This case is remarkable since 1) ECM developed after subcutaneous and not after intramuscular injection, 2) the injection was given by the patient himself, and 3) glatiramer acetate can induce skin necrosis as a side effect.",glatiramer acetate,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [206]}}"
"Although it is difficult to be certain of the direct link of amiodarone on the basis of a single case, it is reasonable to presume that this histopathology is associated with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism and that involution changes represent the hypofunctional status of this drug-induced disorder.",amiodarone,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61, 175], 'end_char': [71, 185]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [194], 'end_char': [208]}}"
Amiodarone is well recognized as an anti-arrhythmic drug containing a high dose of iodine with considerable potential to cause thyroid dysfunction.,Amiodarone,thyroid dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [146]}}"
Histopathology of the thyroid in amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism.,amiodarone,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [66]}}"
This is the first report on the histopathological findings of thyroid tissue from a patient with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism.,amiodarone,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"Although adverse effects are usually mild, the author reports here a case of leucocytopenia and thrombocytopenia with quetiapine treatment that required its discontinuation.",quetiapine,leucocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"Although adverse effects are usually mild, the author reports here a case of leucocytopenia and thrombocytopenia with quetiapine treatment that required its discontinuation.",quetiapine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Quetiapine-induced leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.,Quetiapine,leucopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Quetiapine-induced leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.,Quetiapine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Amphotericin B-induced cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis: case report.,Amphotericin B,cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Palpable purpuric skin lesions on the anterior surface of both legs appeared on the 55th day of amphotericin B treatment.,amphotericin B,Palpable purpuric skin lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
We present a case of cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis in which amphotericin B might presumably be the aetiological factor.,amphotericin B,cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [58]}}"
The incidence of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-related cardiotoxicity seems to be dosage and schedule dependent.,5-fluorouracil,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}}"
The incidence of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-related cardiotoxicity seems to be dosage and schedule dependent.,5-FU,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Transient asymptomatic bradycardia in patients on infusional 5-fluorouracil.,5-fluorouracil,Transient asymptomatic bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
We report such a series of patients who had transient asymptomatic bradycardia after being treated with continuous infusion 5-FU.,5-FU,transient asymptomatic bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"According to the Naranjo probability scale, the papular eruption was probably caused by methotrexate.",methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [64]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis of methotrexate-induced papular eruption in collagen vascular diseases may suggest cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis.,methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [70]}}"
DISCUSSION: Methotrexate-induced papular eruption is rarely reported shortly after beginning methotrexate therapy in patients with acute exacerbation of collagen vascular diseases.,Methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Methotrexate-induced papular eruption following treatment of psoriasis has not been previously reported.,Methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Methotrexate-induced papular eruption following treatment of psoriasis.,Methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [37]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a diffuse papular eruption following treatment of psoriasis with methotrexate injections.,methotrexate,diffuse papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Pathogenesis of methotrexate-induced papular eruption in psoriasis may involve immune mechanisms other than those of methotrexate-induced cutaneous vasculitis in collagen vascular disease.,methotrexate,cutaneous vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 117], 'end_char': [28, 129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [158]}}"
Pathogenesis of methotrexate-induced papular eruption in psoriasis may involve immune mechanisms other than those of methotrexate-induced cutaneous vasculitis in collagen vascular disease.,methotrexate,papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16, 117], 'end_char': [28, 129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"Ten hours after the second methotrexate injection, the patient experienced a diffuse pruritic papular eruption located mainly on the limbs.",methotrexate,diffuse pruritic papular eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [110]}}"
Metabolic acidosis induced by acetazolamide.,acetazolamide,Metabolic acidosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Pericardial hemorrhage due to acetylsalicylic acid in a patient with essential thrombocythemia.,acetylsalicylic acid,Pericardial hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"The authors describe pericardial hemorrhage, which is related to the use of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid in a patient with essential thrombocythemia.",acetylsalicylic acid,pericardial hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [43]}}"
"From 1996 to 2002 several medications were changed due to their adverse effects: indinavir (renal colic and fever), nelfinavir (cutaneous rash), and efavirenz (nausea and temporary memory loss).",nelfinavir,cutaneous rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"From 1996 to 2002 several medications were changed due to their adverse effects: indinavir (renal colic and fever), nelfinavir (cutaneous rash), and efavirenz (nausea and temporary memory loss).",indinavir,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [113]}}"
"From 1996 to 2002 several medications were changed due to their adverse effects: indinavir (renal colic and fever), nelfinavir (cutaneous rash), and efavirenz (nausea and temporary memory loss).",efavirenz,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [160], 'end_char': [166]}}"
"From 1996 to 2002 several medications were changed due to their adverse effects: indinavir (renal colic and fever), nelfinavir (cutaneous rash), and efavirenz (nausea and temporary memory loss).",indinavir,renal colic,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"From 1996 to 2002 several medications were changed due to their adverse effects: indinavir (renal colic and fever), nelfinavir (cutaneous rash), and efavirenz (nausea and temporary memory loss).",efavirenz,temporary memory loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [158]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [192]}}"
Conventional and diffusion-weighted MRI findings of methotrexate related sub-acute neurotoxicity.,methotrexate,sub-acute neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [96]}}"
This case demonstrates the value of DWI in evaluation and diagnosis of sub-acute toxic leukoencephalopathy in patients being treated with methotrexate.,methotrexate,sub-acute toxic leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"We describe longitudinal diffusion-weighted MRI findings of sub-acute leukoencephalopathy following methotrexate therapy in a 24-year-old man diagnosed with pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), presenting with right-sided paralysis and aphasia after second consolidation with intrathecal triple-drug therapy given intrathecally.",methotrexate,sub-acute leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [89]}}"
New onset of CD may be considered as an immune-mediated injury induced by etanercept.,etanercept,CD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [15]}}"
New onset of CD may be considered as an immune-mediated injury induced by etanercept.,etanercept,immune-mediated injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [62]}}"
New onset of Crohn's disease during treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with etanercept.,etanercept,Crohn's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Typical symptoms of active CD occurred 11, 12, and 26 months after start of etanercept therapy, respectively.",etanercept,CD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [29]}}"
We describe 3 AS patients treated with etanercept for active AS who developed new onset of CD while AS related symptoms responded well to etanercept.,etanercept,CD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39, 138], 'end_char': [49, 148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is a serious complication of aspirin and clopidogrel (dual) anti-platelet therapy with a high morbidity and mortality.,aspirin,Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is a serious complication of aspirin and clopidogrel (dual) anti-platelet therapy with a high morbidity and mortality.,clopidogrel,Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"While doxorubicin was administered, the patient presented thoracic pain and breathing distress due to superior vena cava perforation by the central catheter and subsequent extravasation of the drug into the mediastinum.",doxorubicin,breathing distress,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"While doxorubicin was administered, the patient presented thoracic pain and breathing distress due to superior vena cava perforation by the central catheter and subsequent extravasation of the drug into the mediastinum.",doxorubicin,thoracic pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Severe hepatocellular dysfunction following cyproterone acetate therapy.,cyproterone acetate,Severe hepatocellular dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"We report 3 patients with severe hepatocellular damage due to CPA therapy, 2 with fatal fulminant hepatitis.",CPA,fatal fulminant hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"We report 3 patients with severe hepatocellular damage due to CPA therapy, 2 with fatal fulminant hepatitis.",CPA,severe hepatocellular damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [54]}}"
She was treated with acyclovir and subsequently developed VZV antigen-positive zoster.,acyclovir,VZV antigen-positive zoster,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"According to the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale, the likelihood that temozolomide was responsible for the adverse drug reaction of fever was probable (score of 6).",temozolomide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"Clinicians should be aware that an erythematous and exfoliative rash may be induced by temozolomide, and be familiar with the pharmacologic and supportive measures necessary for its treatment.",temozolomide,exfoliative rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"Due to the severity of the rash, temozolomide was permanently discontinued.",temozolomide,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Temozolomide-induced desquamative skin rash in a patient with metastatic melanoma.,Temozolomide,desquamative skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Temozolomide was restarted 2 months later; the patient again developed a fever.,Temozolomide,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [78]}}"
Exfoliative dermatitis secondary to tobramycin sulfate.,tobramycin sulfate,Exfoliative dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
We report a case of exfoliative dermatitis clearly linked to intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of tobramycin.,tobramycin,exfoliative dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Rituximab-CHOP induced interstitial pneumonitis in patients with disseminated extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma.,Rituximab-CHOP,interstitial pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Phenytoin toxicity: an easily missed cause of cerebellar syndrome.,Phenytoin,cerebellar syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [65]}}"
A diagnosis of trastuzumab-induced pneumonitis was made.,trastuzumab,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"A female patient with HER2 positive, metastatic breast cancer presented with pulmonary infiltrates, and a plural effusion dyspnoea after several months of trastuzumab treatment.",trastuzumab,plural effusion dyspnoea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [130]}}"
"A female patient with HER2 positive, metastatic breast cancer presented with pulmonary infiltrates, and a plural effusion dyspnoea after several months of trastuzumab treatment.",trastuzumab,pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Life-threatening interstitial lung disease associated with trastuzumab: case report.,trastuzumab,interstitial lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [42]}}"
A 30-year-old pharmacist suffered from acute allergic contact dermatitis due to 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl).,4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan,acute allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [72]}}"
A 30-year-old pharmacist suffered from acute allergic contact dermatitis due to 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl).,NBD-Cl,acute allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Allergic contact dermatitis from 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan.,4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan,Allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Photo-onycholysis caused by olanzapine and aripiprazole.,aripiprazole,Photo-onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Photo-onycholysis caused by olanzapine and aripiprazole.,olanzapine,Photo-onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
We report the case of a woman who developed photo-onycholysis on multiple nails after uptake of olanzapine.,olanzapine,photo-onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after leflunomide therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,leflunomide,Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"We report the case of a young man, affected by rheumatoid arthritis who developed a rapid-onset short-of-breath, hemoptysis, and severe weakness, about 2 weeks after the administration of leflunomide.",leflunomide,hemoptysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"We report the case of a young man, affected by rheumatoid arthritis who developed a rapid-onset short-of-breath, hemoptysis, and severe weakness, about 2 weeks after the administration of leflunomide.",leflunomide,severe weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"We report the case of a young man, affected by rheumatoid arthritis who developed a rapid-onset short-of-breath, hemoptysis, and severe weakness, about 2 weeks after the administration of leflunomide.",leflunomide,short-of-breath,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [199]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [111]}}"
Hyponatraemia developed after rechallenge with controlled release carbamazepine.,carbamazepine,Hyponatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Hyponatraemia during low-dose carbamazepine therapy.,carbamazepine,Hyponatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
We report the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis as a much earlier side-effect of carbamazepine administration in a 29-year Nigerian female patient with generalized tonic-elonic seizures.,carbamazepine,antidiuresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"In the present paper, we describe two patients with active UC who developed a severe systemic CMV infection during a treatment with an oral microemulsion form of cyclosporine.",cyclosporine,severe systemic CMV infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [174]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [107]}}"
A short review on imatinib-related hepatotoxicity is also presented.,imatinib,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Imatinib mesylate-related fatal acute hepatic failure in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia and chronic hepatitis B infection.,Imatinib mesylate,fatal acute hepatic failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [53]}}"
"Up to four percent of patients treated with imatinib may develop hepatotoxicity, which usually resolves with discontinuation of the drug.",imatinib,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [52]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"We report a 45-year-old Chinese man with CML and chronic hepatitis B virus infection, on imatinib treatment, presenting with herpetic rash and acute liver failure.",imatinib,acute liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"We report a 45-year-old Chinese man with CML and chronic hepatitis B virus infection, on imatinib treatment, presenting with herpetic rash and acute liver failure.",imatinib,herpetic rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [138]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians treating elderly patients with olanzapine should be aware of the potential for rapidly developing hyperglycemia and monitor such patients accordingly.,olanzapine,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [135]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of rapidly occurring hyperglycemia that occurred in a geriatric patient 3 days after treatment with olanzapine.,olanzapine,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Rapidly developing hyperglycemia during treatment with olanzapine.,olanzapine,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"Subsequently, he developed hyperglycemia (fasting blood glucose 138 mg/dL) that resolved when olanzapine was stopped and recurred (fasting blood glucose 150 mg/dL) after 2 days of rechallenge with olanzapine 2.5 mg twice daily.",olanzapine,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94, 197], 'end_char': [104, 207]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"There have been numerous case reports of hyperglycemia with olanzapine in the literature, but none reported hyperglycemia within days of initiation of the medication.",olanzapine,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41, 108], 'end_char': [54, 121]}}"
Adult respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.,pegylated interferon alpha-2a,Adult respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Adult respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.,ribavirin,Adult respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",pegIFNalpha-2a,adult respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",pegylated interferon alpha-2a,adult respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",ribavirin,adult respiratory distress syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",pegIFNalpha-2a,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",pegylated interferon alpha-2a,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"We report the first case of fulminant adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNalpha-2a) and ribavirin use for hepatitis C, complicated by subsequent and ultimately fatal sepsis and multiorgan failure.",ribavirin,ARDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Bilateral anterior uveitis associated with clomiphene citrate.,clomiphene citrate,Bilateral anterior uveitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral anterior uveitis associated with ovulation induction therapy using clomiphene citrate.,clomiphene citrate,bilateral anterior uveitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Development of tics in a thirteen-year-old male following atomoxetine use.,atomoxetine,tics,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"There are, however, case studies describing patients experiencing recurrences of tics following treatment with atomoxetine.",atomoxetine,tics,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [85]}}"
A 51-year-old man developed type 1 diabetes mellitus following 24 weeks of treatment with recombinant alpha-2b peginterferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C.,alpha-2b peginterferon,type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [52]}}"
A 51-year-old man developed type 1 diabetes mellitus following 24 weeks of treatment with recombinant alpha-2b peginterferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C.,ribavirin,type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"The clinical course suggested that recombinant alpha-2b peginterferon plus ribavirin provoked type 1 diabetes mellitus, therefore, in patients who are candidates for interferon therapy the presence of pancreatic autoantibodies and the fasting plasma glucose level should be investigated before and during treatment.",recombinant alpha-2b peginterferon,type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"The clinical course suggested that recombinant alpha-2b peginterferon plus ribavirin provoked type 1 diabetes mellitus, therefore, in patients who are candidates for interferon therapy the presence of pancreatic autoantibodies and the fasting plasma glucose level should be investigated before and during treatment.",ribavirin,type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [118]}}"
Type 1 diabetes mellitus provoked by peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C.,peginterferon alpha-2b,Type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Type 1 diabetes mellitus provoked by peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C.,ribavirin,Type 1 diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
BACKGROUND: To describe the occurrence of ocular hypertension in four patients following injection of ranibizumab intravitreally.,ranibizumab,ocular hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [61]}}"
CONCLUSION: Severe and sustained ocular hypertension may occur after intravitreal ranibizumab.,ranibizumab,sustained ocular hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"Ocular hypertension occurred 1 month after the second ranibizumab injection in patients 1 and 3, and 1 month after the first ranibizumab in patient 2.",ranibizumab,Ocular hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 125], 'end_char': [65, 136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Persisent ocular hypertension following intravitreal ranibizumab.,ranibizumab,Persisent ocular hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine-induced peripheral vasculopathy.,dextroamphetamine,peripheral vasculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine-induced peripheral vasculopathy.,Methylphenidate,peripheral vasculopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",dextroamphetamine,acral cyanosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",methylphenidate,acral cyanosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",dextroamphetamine,livedo reticularis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",methylphenidate,livedo reticularis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",dextroamphetamine,Raynaud phenomenon,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"We report 4 patients, 2 on methylphenidate and 2 on dextroamphetamine who presented with acral cyanosis, livedo reticularis, or Raynaud phenomenon.",methylphenidate,Raynaud phenomenon,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [146]}}"
Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa in an adult psoriasis patient during efalizumab therapy.,efalizumab,Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [47]}}"
We report a 45-year-old psoriasis patient who developed eruptive mollusca contagiosa during an antipsoriatic treatment with efalizumab.,efalizumab,eruptive mollusca contagiosa,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"Gastric tumor, endometrial carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in situ were detected after treatment with tamoxifen for breast cancer.",tamoxifen,cervical adenocarcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"Gastric tumor, endometrial carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in situ were detected after treatment with tamoxifen for breast cancer.",tamoxifen,endometrial carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Gastric tumor, endometrial carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in situ were detected after treatment with tamoxifen for breast cancer.",tamoxifen,Gastric tumor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Incomplete posterior hyaloid detachment after intravitreal pegaptanib injection in diabetic macular edema.,pegaptanib,Incomplete posterior hyaloid detachment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [39]}}"
The authors report one case of incomplete posterior hyaloid detachment (PHD) following intravitreal pegaptanib to treat DME.,pegaptanib,incomplete posterior hyaloid detachment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Enalaprilat induced acute parotitis.,Enalaprilat,acute parotitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We present here a female patient who developed acute bilateral parotitis within minutes of i.v. enalaprilat injection and recovered within 24 hours of stopping the drug and with symptomatic treatment.,enalaprilat,acute bilateral parotitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with acute bilateral blindness, a focal seizure and hypertension 10 days after commencing oxybutynin to treat enuresis.",oxybutynin,acute bilateral blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with acute bilateral blindness, a focal seizure and hypertension 10 days after commencing oxybutynin to treat enuresis.",oxybutynin,focal seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [89]}}"
"We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with acute bilateral blindness, a focal seizure and hypertension 10 days after commencing oxybutynin to treat enuresis.",oxybutynin,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [106]}}"
Severe symptomatic hyponatremia during sibutramine therapy: a case report.,sibutramine,Severe symptomatic hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"The known side effects of sibutramine, ie, hypertension and tachycardia, depend on its adrenergic and serotoninergic effects.",sibutramine,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"The known side effects of sibutramine, ie, hypertension and tachycardia, depend on its adrenergic and serotoninergic effects.",sibutramine,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}}"
We describe a case of life-threatening hyponatremia associated with sibutramine use in an obese woman.,sibutramine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [51]}}"
"Our findings reveal that even in patients without a history of seizures, pregabalin can cause a cortical negative myoclonus.",pregabalin,cortical negative myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [123]}}"
Pregabalin-induced cortical negative myoclonus in a patient with neuropathic pain.,Pregabalin,cortical negative myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"We describe a patient who, after receiving his first dose of pregabalin to relieve neuropathic pain, presented with a negative myoclonus.",pregabalin,negative myoclonus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [136]}}"
Muzolimine-induced severe neuromyeloencephalopathy: report of seven cases.,Muzolimine,severe neuromyeloencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"We report on 7 patients (2 women, 5 men) with chronic renal failure, who developed under a high dosage of the new diuretic muzolimine (range 240 to 1440 mg per day) fatal neuromyeloencephalopathy.",muzolimine,fatal neuromyeloencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [133]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [195]}}"
L-asparaginase-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment in children.,L-asparaginase,posterior reversible encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [58]}}"
The purpose of this article is to present the first case-series of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) associated with L-asparaginase treatment.,L-asparaginase,posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [111]}}"
The purpose of this article is to present the first case-series of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) associated with L-asparaginase treatment.,L-asparaginase,PRES,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [117]}}"
We report 3 cases of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed seizures and altered sensorium after L-asparaginase therapy.,L-asparaginase,altered sensorium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [108]}}"
We report 3 cases of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed seizures and altered sensorium after L-asparaginase therapy.,L-asparaginase,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Anastrozole-associated sclerosing glomerulonephritis in a patient with breast cancer.,Anastrozole,sclerosing glomerulonephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [52]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Anastrozole may be the causative factor in patients with sclerosing glomerulonephritis.,Anastrozole,sclerosing glomerulonephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [99]}}"
"Diagnosis of sclerosing glomerulonephritis occurred in this patient during anastrozole use, suggesting a newly defined side effect of anastrozole.",anastrozole,sclerosing glomerulonephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75, 134], 'end_char': [86, 145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Renal injury due to anastrozole has not been published in the English literature.,anastrozole,Renal injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"There are major side effects of anastrozole including decrease in both lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density, increase in the incidence of all bone fractures (especially fractures of spine, hip and wrist), joint disorders and increase in the cholesterol level.",anastrozole,decrease in both lumbar spine,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"There are major side effects of anastrozole including decrease in both lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density, increase in the incidence of all bone fractures (especially fractures of spine, hip and wrist), joint disorders and increase in the cholesterol level.",anastrozole,increase in the cholesterol level,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [236], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"There are major side effects of anastrozole including decrease in both lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density, increase in the incidence of all bone fractures (especially fractures of spine, hip and wrist), joint disorders and increase in the cholesterol level.",anastrozole,increase in the incidence of all bone fractures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [167]}}"
"There are major side effects of anastrozole including decrease in both lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density, increase in the incidence of all bone fractures (especially fractures of spine, hip and wrist), joint disorders and increase in the cholesterol level.",anastrozole,joint disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [216], 'end_char': [231]}}"
We believe that the acute renal failure in our patient was associated with anastrozole.,anastrozole,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old woman with no apparent risk factors for liver injury developed acute hepatitis one week after the final dose of a long-term course of pulse itraconazole therapy (200 mg orally twice daily, 1 wk on, 3 wk off, for 24 wk) for onychomycosis.",itraconazole,acute hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [180]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure to itraconazole, administered either continuously or intermittently, may precipitate severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events.",itraconazole,severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [159]}}"
Fatal hepatitis after long-term pulse itraconazole treatment for onychomycosis.,itraconazole,Fatal hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of acute cytolytic hepatitis in a patient exposed to pulse itraconazole therapy for 24 weeks and provide a concise review of the literature on cases of itraconazole-induced hepatitis.,itraconazole,acute cytolytic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95, 188], 'end_char': [107, 200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [64]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of acute cytolytic hepatitis in a patient exposed to pulse itraconazole therapy for 24 weeks and provide a concise review of the literature on cases of itraconazole-induced hepatitis.,itraconazole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95, 188], 'end_char': [107, 200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55, 209], 'end_char': [64, 218]}}"
Only one case of severe symptomatic hepatitis occurring after pulse therapy with itraconazole for onychomycosis and requiring transplantation has been reported previously.,itraconazole,severe symptomatic hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [45]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal baclofen can impair sexual function and ejaculation in some patients.,baclofen,impair sexual function,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [60]}}"
RESULTS: A male and a female patient with spasticity treated with intrathecal baclofen were recognized to have sexual dysfunction side effects from treatment.,baclofen,sexual dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [129]}}"
Sexual dysfunction associated with intrathecal baclofen use: a report of two cases.,baclofen,Sexual dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Anaphylactic reaction to recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I.,recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I,Anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
We report a 13 year-old male who developed life-threatening anaphylaxis early in the course of Increlex therapy.,Increlex,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Increasing the olanzapine dosage severely aggravated the symptoms of RLS.,olanzapine,RLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [72]}}"
Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements during sleep probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,periodic limb movements during sleep,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements during sleep probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,Restless legs syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The fifth patient exhibited paraesthesia and agitation caused by olanzapine that was misdiagnosed as psychotic agitation.,olanzapine,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45, 111], 'end_char': [54, 120]}}"
The fifth patient exhibited paraesthesia and agitation caused by olanzapine that was misdiagnosed as psychotic agitation.,olanzapine,paraesthesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [40]}}"
The fourth patient showed RLS symptoms that were initially caused by a 20-mg daily olanzapine dosage and were later mitigated when olanzapine was reduced and ropinirole was administered.,olanzapine,RLS symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83, 131], 'end_char': [93, 141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [38]}}"
The second patient exhibited sudden PLMS following olanzapine injection.,olanzapine,PLMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"The third patient had been suffering from serious akathisia while on risperidone, and was cured after switching to olanzapine, but thereafter the patient suffered from RLS at nighttime.",olanzapine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"The third patient had been suffering from serious akathisia while on risperidone, and was cured after switching to olanzapine, but thereafter the patient suffered from RLS at nighttime.",risperidone,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [59]}}"
"The third patient had been suffering from serious akathisia while on risperidone, and was cured after switching to olanzapine, but thereafter the patient suffered from RLS at nighttime.",olanzapine,RLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [171]}}"
"The third patient had been suffering from serious akathisia while on risperidone, and was cured after switching to olanzapine, but thereafter the patient suffered from RLS at nighttime.",risperidone,RLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [171]}}"
We report five cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) that were probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,periodic limb movements during sleep,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [93]}}"
We report five cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) that were probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,PLMS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [99]}}"
We report five cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) that were probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,restless legs syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [46]}}"
We report five cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) that were probably associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,RLS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [51]}}"
CONCLUSION: Alendronate led to nodular scleritis and rechallenge caused recurrence of scleritis.,Alendronate,nodular scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [48]}}"
CONCLUSION: Alendronate led to nodular scleritis and rechallenge caused recurrence of scleritis.,Alendronate,scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39, 86], 'end_char': [48, 95]}}"
Nodular scleritis following alendronate therapy.,alendronate,Nodular scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
PURPOSE: To report a case of nodular scleritis following alendronate sodium.,alendronate sodium,nodular scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Two weeks following rechallenge with alendronate sodium resulted in recurrence of his scleritis.,alendronate sodium,scleritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"In addition, there is a report on prolonged ECT seizure related to ciprofloxacin, which has an epileptogenic property with a similar action to beta-lactam antibiotics.",ciprofloxacin,prolonged ECT seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Thus, tardive seizures in our cases are thought to be related to piperacillin and cefotiam.",cefotiam,tardive seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"Thus, tardive seizures in our cases are thought to be related to piperacillin and cefotiam.",piperacillin,tardive seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Acute delirium resulting from levofloxacin therapy is an exceedingly rare complication that has been thought to occur more commonly in elderly patients.,levofloxacin,Acute delirium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",gatifloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",grepafloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",levofloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",moxifloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",sparfloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",trovafloxacin,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",gatifloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",grepafloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",levofloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",moxifloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",sparfloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",trovafloxacin,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [261], 'end_char': [269]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",gatifloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",grepafloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",levofloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",moxifloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",sparfloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"CONCLUSION: The new quinolone derivatives (levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), also called gyrase inhibitors, are known for their potential to cause central nervous system-related adverse effects, including headache, dizziness and insomnia.",trovafloxacin,insomnia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [293]}}"
"Here, we describe levofloxacin-induced delirium with psychotic features in a relatively young, otherwise healthy female.",levofloxacin,delirium with psychotic features,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Levofloxacin-induced delirium with psychotic features.,Levofloxacin,delirium with psychotic features,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [53]}}"
RESULTS: A previously healthy 42-year-old woman presented with acute-onset delirium with psychotic features as a consequence of levofloxacin therapy.,levofloxacin,acute-onset delirium with psychotic features,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [107]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that Crohn's disease is a potential novel adverse drug effect of Copaxone.,Copaxone,Crohn's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Development of Crohn's disease in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with copaxone.,copaxone,Crohn's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [30]}}"
RESULTS: Our patient developed Crohn's disease while on Copaxone treatment as a consequence of long-term immunosuppression.,Copaxone,Crohn's disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [46]}}"
RESULTS: Our patient developed Crohn's disease while on Copaxone treatment as a consequence of long-term immunosuppression.,Copaxone,long-term immunosuppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [122]}}"
She had been on Copaxone 20 mg/day treatment for 2 years when she first exhibited gastrointestinal symptoms.,Copaxone,gastrointestinal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"The authors present a case study of a mentally healthy man who repeatedly experienced short-lived, obsessional-like suicidal ideas and images after ingestion of the anti-fungal drug ketoconazole.",ketoconazole,obsessional-like suicidal ideas and images,"{'drug': {'start_char': [182], 'end_char': [194]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"During intravenous treatment with terlipressin for recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, a 50-year-old male with no history of heart disease developed a newly prolonged QT interval and torsade de pointes.",terlipressin,prolonged QT interval,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [184]}}"
"During intravenous treatment with terlipressin for recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, a 50-year-old male with no history of heart disease developed a newly prolonged QT interval and torsade de pointes.",terlipressin,torsade de pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [189], 'end_char': [207]}}"
Terlipressin-induced ventricular arrhythmia.,Terlipressin,ventricular arrhythmia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Spontaneous nasal septal perforation with antiangiogenic bevacizumab therapy.,bevacizumab,Spontaneous nasal septal perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"This case describes a 52-year-old white woman who developed a spontaneous nasal septal perforation after given the antiangiogenic drug, bevacizumab, for metastatic ovarian cancer treatment.",bevacizumab,spontaneous nasal septal perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [98]}}"
A 37-year-old woman with relapsing invasive vertebral aspergillosis received intravenous VRC and developed angio-oedema 10 days after starting therapy.,VRC,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Angio-oedema as an unusual tolerable side effect of voriconazole therapy.,voriconazole,Angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"Here, we report a case of angio-oedema associated with VRC therapy.",VRC,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first report of an angio-oedema associated with VRC.",VRC,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Voriconazole (VRC) has not previously been reported to cause angio-oedema.,Voriconazole,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Voriconazole (VRC) has not previously been reported to cause angio-oedema.,VRC,angio-oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Multiple seizures after bupropion overdose in a small child.,bupropion,Multiple seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"The patient experienced hallucinations, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia and seizures after ingestion of 1050 (48 mg/kg) of extended-release bupropion.",bupropion,agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"The patient experienced hallucinations, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia and seizures after ingestion of 1050 (48 mg/kg) of extended-release bupropion.",bupropion,hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"The patient experienced hallucinations, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia and seizures after ingestion of 1050 (48 mg/kg) of extended-release bupropion.",bupropion,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [85]}}"
"The patient experienced hallucinations, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia and seizures after ingestion of 1050 (48 mg/kg) of extended-release bupropion.",bupropion,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"The patient experienced hallucinations, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia and seizures after ingestion of 1050 (48 mg/kg) of extended-release bupropion.",bupropion,vomiting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [59]}}"
We report a case of pediatric bupropion ingestion resulting in multiple seizures.,bupropion,multiple seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [80]}}"
Methylphenidate-associated enuresis in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.,Methylphenidate,enuresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [15]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [35]}}"
This is a case report of possible association of methylphenidate and enuresis in an 11-year-old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.,methylphenidate,enuresis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Cephalosporin-induced leukopenia following rechallenge with cefoxitin.,Cephalosporin,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [32]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Cefazolin was a probable cause of this patient's leukopenia.,Cefazolin,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of cefazolin-induced leukopenia in a critically ill patient who developed this adverse reaction upon rechallenge with cefoxitin.,cefazolin,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Use of the Naranjo probability scale determined the association between cephalosporin use and leukopenia to be probable.,cephalosporin,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) induced by cyclosporine use in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis.,PRES,cyclosporine,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) induced by cyclosporine use in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis.,PRES,Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We describe a case of PRES in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis (collapsing FGS) with complete recovery after withdrawal of cyclosporine (CSA).,CSA,PRES,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We describe a case of PRES in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis (collapsing FGS) with complete recovery after withdrawal of cyclosporine (CSA).,cyclosporine,PRES,"{'drug': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Stuttering priapism complicating warfarin therapy in a patient with protein C deficiency.,warfarin,Stuttering priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
This therapy was also complicated by Warfarin-induced skin necrosis.,Warfarin,skin necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [67]}}"
We report a rare case of recurrent (stuttering) priapism in a patient with protein C deficiency while maintained on Warfarin therapy.,Warfarin,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [56]}}"
We report a rare case of recurrent (stuttering) priapism in a patient with protein C deficiency while maintained on Warfarin therapy.,Warfarin,stuttering,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [46]}}"
The patient expired after seven cycles of treatment had been completed because of pulmonary fibrosis and the drug toxicity of bleomycin.,bleomycin,pulmonary fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"CASE SUMMARY: An 80-year-old white female, followed up at the Memory Clinic for mild cognitive impairment, had been taking propafenone 900 mg/d for >10 years for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without adverse effects.",propafenone,mild cognitive impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [105]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",citalopram,coronary artery disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [200]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",propafenone,coronary artery disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 113], 'end_char': [83, 124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [200]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",citalopram,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",propafenone,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 113], 'end_char': [83, 124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",citalopram,falls,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a possible interaction between propafenone and citalopram, which caused propafenone adverse effects (eg, dizziness, falls) and mimicked coronary artery disease.",propafenone,falls,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 113], 'end_char': [83, 124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [162]}}"
"Three months after starting citalopram, she experienced episodes of chest tightness and dizziness.",citalopram,chest tightness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"Three months after starting citalopram, she experienced episodes of chest tightness and dizziness.",citalopram,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of this adverse reaction when facing similar complex neurologic symptoms in patients who are receiving the antibiotic treatment described here, especially vancomycin.",vancomycin,neurologic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [205]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first case report illustrating neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by exposure to the antibiotics vancomycin, tobramycin, and piperacillin/tazobactam.",piperacillin,neuralgic amyotrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [175]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first case report illustrating neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by exposure to the antibiotics vancomycin, tobramycin, and piperacillin/tazobactam.",tazobactam,neuralgic amyotrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first case report illustrating neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by exposure to the antibiotics vancomycin, tobramycin, and piperacillin/tazobactam.",tobramycin,neuralgic amyotrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [157]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first case report illustrating neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by exposure to the antibiotics vancomycin, tobramycin, and piperacillin/tazobactam.",vancomycin,neuralgic amyotrophy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [93]}}"
Seizures and transient blindness following intravenous pulse methylprednisolone in children with primary glomerulonephritis.,methylprednisolone,Seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
Seizures and transient blindness following intravenous pulse methylprednisolone in children with primary glomerulonephritis.,methylprednisolone,transient blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"Two children, 1 with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and 1 with endo-extracapillary glomerulonephritis, presented an episode of seizures and transient blindness at different times after i.v. pulse methylprednisolone (IVPMP) treatment.",methylprednisolone,seizures,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [213]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"Two children, 1 with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and 1 with endo-extracapillary glomerulonephritis, presented an episode of seizures and transient blindness at different times after i.v. pulse methylprednisolone (IVPMP) treatment.",methylprednisolone,transient blindness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [195], 'end_char': [213]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [158]}}"
BACKGROUND: Hydroxyurea is a cytostatic agent used to treat myeloproliferative disorders and long-term treatment is associated with mucocutaneous adverse events and nail hyperpigmentation.,Hydroxyurea,mucocutaneous adverse events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [160]}}"
BACKGROUND: Hydroxyurea is a cytostatic agent used to treat myeloproliferative disorders and long-term treatment is associated with mucocutaneous adverse events and nail hyperpigmentation.,Hydroxyurea,nail hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"Based on the Naranjo algorithm, the adverse reaction observed was probably related to the hydroxyurea treatment (score = 6); however, the hydroxyurea chemotherapy could not be discontinued because of the myeloproliferative disorder.",hydroxyurea,myeloproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90, 138], 'end_char': [101, 149]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [204], 'end_char': [231]}}"
Both the longitudinal melanonychia and the multiple skin cancers first appeared after approximately 6 months of hydroxyurea treatment.,hydroxyurea,longitudinal melanonychia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Both the longitudinal melanonychia and the multiple skin cancers first appeared after approximately 6 months of hydroxyurea treatment.,hydroxyurea,multiple skin cancers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [64]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We report this case of the concomitant appearance of multiple skin cancers and nail changes associated with hydroxyurea use.,hydroxyurea,multiple skin cancers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [87]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We report this case of the concomitant appearance of multiple skin cancers and nail changes associated with hydroxyurea use.,hydroxyurea,nail changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [104]}}"
Hydroxyurea associated with concomitant occurrence of diffuse longitudinal melanonychia and multiple squamous cell carcinomas in an elderly subject.,Hydroxyurea,diffuse longitudinal melanonychia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [87]}}"
Hydroxyurea associated with concomitant occurrence of diffuse longitudinal melanonychia and multiple squamous cell carcinomas in an elderly subject.,Hydroxyurea,multiple squamous cell carcinomas,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [125]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to report the concomitant occurrence of multiple squamous cell carcinomas and diffuse nail hyperpigmentation associated with hydroxyurea treatment, and to describe a successful therapeutic approach using imiquimod 5%.",hydroxyurea,diffuse nail hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [149]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to report the concomitant occurrence of multiple squamous cell carcinomas and diffuse nail hyperpigmentation associated with hydroxyurea treatment, and to describe a successful therapeutic approach using imiquimod 5%.",hydroxyurea,multiple squamous cell carcinomas,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [114]}}"
"The patient completed a 10-month follow-up, maintaining a complete resolution of the treated skin lesions; however, the development of a painful hand ulcer, possibly associated with the hydroxyurea, and new skin cancers were observed at the last follow-up visit.",hydroxyurea,painful hand ulcer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [197]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"The patient completed a 10-month follow-up, maintaining a complete resolution of the treated skin lesions; however, the development of a painful hand ulcer, possibly associated with the hydroxyurea, and new skin cancers were observed at the last follow-up visit.",hydroxyurea,skin cancers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [197]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [207], 'end_char': [219]}}"
It is the first case of ciprofloxacin-induced VBDS successfully treated with tacrolimus.,ciprofloxacin,VBDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Vanishing bile duct and Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with ciprofloxacin treated with tacrolimus.,ciprofloxacin,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Vanishing bile duct and Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with ciprofloxacin treated with tacrolimus.,ciprofloxacin,Vanishing bile duct,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with ciprofloxacin-induced SJS and acute onset of VBDS, and reviewed the related literature.",ciprofloxacin,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"We report a case of a patient with ciprofloxacin-induced SJS and acute onset of VBDS, and reviewed the related literature.",ciprofloxacin,VBDS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [84]}}"
A 64 year old woman with previous history of coronary stenting five days before was admitted in our institution for intracranial bleeding while receiving aspirin and clopidogrel.,aspirin,intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [161]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [137]}}"
A 64 year old woman with previous history of coronary stenting five days before was admitted in our institution for intracranial bleeding while receiving aspirin and clopidogrel.,clopidogrel,intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [137]}}"
Disseminated salmonellosis in a patient treated with temozolomide.,temozolomide,Disseminated salmonellosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
We describe the first case of disseminated salmonellosis in a patient treated with temozolomide.,temozolomide,disseminated salmonellosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [56]}}"
Ceftriaxone-induced fixed drug eruption: first report.,Ceftriaxone,fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"FDE from cephalosporins has been rarely reported, and to the best of our knowledge there is no published report of ceftriaxone-induced FDE in the literature.",cephalosporins,FDE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0, 135], 'end_char': [3, 138]}}"
"FDE from cephalosporins has been rarely reported, and to the best of our knowledge there is no published report of ceftriaxone-induced FDE in the literature.",ceftriaxone,FDE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0, 135], 'end_char': [3, 138]}}"
We report the first case of a 54-year-old Turkish woman who presented with ceftriaxone-induced FDE.,ceftriaxone,FDE,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"CONCLUSION: All doctors need to be aware of the need to review the indications for gabapentin use during periods of acute illness, especially with regard to renal impairment.",gabapentin,renal impairment,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [173]}}"
Gabapentin toxicity in renal failure: the importance of dose adjustment.,Gabapentin,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [36]}}"
OBJECTIVE: This case report outlines a significant type of morbidity due to continued use of gabapentin during an episode of acute renal failure.,gabapentin,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [144]}}"
Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection.,triamcinolone acetonide,Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [50]}}"
BACKGROUND: We describe the ophthalmic features and clinical course of two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) that developed after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection.,IVTA,acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [206]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [134]}}"
BACKGROUND: We describe the ophthalmic features and clinical course of two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) that developed after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection.,triamcinolone acetonide,acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [134]}}"
BACKGROUND: We describe the ophthalmic features and clinical course of two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) that developed after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection.,IVTA,ASPPC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [206]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [141]}}"
BACKGROUND: We describe the ophthalmic features and clinical course of two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) that developed after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection.,triamcinolone acetonide,ASPPC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [141]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: The fundus picture shown in these cases may be typical of ASPPC after IVTA injection.,IVTA,ASPPC,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [76]}}"
RESULTS: Two patients with ocular inflammation of unknown origin developed severe chorioretinitis after IVTA injection.,IVTA,severe chorioretinitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"Although it is difficult to solely attribute intratumoral hemorrhage to aspirin, we have to be careful when prescribing aspirin for patients who have asymptomatic meningioma.",aspirin,intratumoral hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72, 120], 'end_char': [79, 127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Hemorrhage from a falx meningioma after internal use of low-dose aspirin.,aspirin,Hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
"On the other hand, aspirin may have promoted the enlargement of spontaneous hemorrhage from meningioma.",aspirin,enlargement of spontaneous hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [86]}}"
Our case is the second one in which hemorrhage from a meningioma may have been induced by aspirin prophylaxis.,aspirin,hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"We report a case in which hemorrhage occurred in an asymptomatic falx meningioma known beforehand, after the internal use of low-dose aspirin for 16 months.",aspirin,hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Acute coronary syndromes can be associated with the infusion of rituximab.,rituximab,Acute coronary syndromes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Acute coronary syndromes complicating the first infusion of rituximab.,rituximab,Acute coronary syndromes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of acute coronary syndromes in 3 cases of rituximab infusions.,rituximab,acute coronary syndromes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [80]}}"
The occurrence of symptoms that could be ascribed to an acute coronary syndrome should always be taken seriously during the first rituximab infusion and investigated aggressively.,rituximab,acute coronary syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [79]}}"
We reviewed the records of 3 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders who experienced acute coronary syndromes associated with their initial infusion of rituximab.,rituximab,acute coronary syndromes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [165]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [113]}}"
CONCLUSION: This report describes a case of a probable interaction between topical econazole lotion 1% and acenocoumarol that resulted in overanticoagulation and a life-threatening laryngeal hematoma in this elderly patient.,acenocoumarol,laryngeal hematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [199]}}"
CONCLUSION: This report describes a case of a probable interaction between topical econazole lotion 1% and acenocoumarol that resulted in overanticoagulation and a life-threatening laryngeal hematoma in this elderly patient.,econazole,laryngeal hematoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [199]}}"
Laryngeal dyspnea in relation to an interaction between acenocoumarol and topical econazole lotion.,acenocoumarol,Laryngeal dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Laryngeal dyspnea in relation to an interaction between acenocoumarol and topical econazole lotion.,econazole,Laryngeal dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Adrenal suppression in a fetus due to administration of methylprednisolone has hitherto been rarely published.,methylprednisolone,Adrenal suppression in a fetus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Life-threatening adrenal suppression, requiring hydrocortisone supplementation and intensive therapy, was observed and successfully treated in a newborn, whose mother had received high-dose methylprednisolone in late pregnancy.",methylprednisolone,adrenal suppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [203], 'end_char': [221]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [49]}}"
High-dose methylprednisolone in a pregnant woman with Crohn's disease and adrenal suppression in her newborn.,methylprednisolone,adrenal suppression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [93]}}"
A 10-year-old asthmatic boy began to suffer from urticarial rash and moderately severe bronchospasm after 8 weeks' treatment with disodium cromoglycate.,disodium cromoglycate,moderately severe bronchospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [99]}}"
A 10-year-old asthmatic boy began to suffer from urticarial rash and moderately severe bronchospasm after 8 weeks' treatment with disodium cromoglycate.,disodium cromoglycate,urticarial rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [151]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Asthma and urticaria during disodium cromoglycate treatment.,disodium cromoglycate,Asthma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
Asthma and urticaria during disodium cromoglycate treatment.,disodium cromoglycate,urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"When DSCG was withdrawn, urticaria vanished and the child remained symptom-free.",DSCG,urticaria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [5], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"After the first oral dose of propranolol, syncope developed together with atrioventricular block.",propranolol,atrioventricular block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [96]}}"
"After the first oral dose of propranolol, syncope developed together with atrioventricular block.",propranolol,syncope,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Syncope induced by propranolol in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.,propranolol,Syncope,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
Olanzapine-induced hyperglycaemic coma and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: case report and review of literature.,Olanzapine,hyperglycaemic coma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Olanzapine-induced hyperglycaemic coma and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: case report and review of literature.,Olanzapine,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,allergic skin reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,alopecia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,diarrhea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [117]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,liver enzyme elevation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"DISCUSSION: The main adverse effects of leflunomide consist of diarrhea, nausea, liver enzyme elevation, hypertension, alopecia, and allergic skin reactions.",leflunomide,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [79]}}"
Leflunomide-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,Leflunomide,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"In this report we described a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patient who developed thymic enlargement (true thymic hyperplasia), mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleurisy associated with systemic symptoms under Etanercept treatment.",Etanercept,mediastinal lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [227]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [163]}}"
"In this report we described a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patient who developed thymic enlargement (true thymic hyperplasia), mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleurisy associated with systemic symptoms under Etanercept treatment.",Etanercept,pleurisy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [227]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [176]}}"
"In this report we described a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patient who developed thymic enlargement (true thymic hyperplasia), mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleurisy associated with systemic symptoms under Etanercept treatment.",Etanercept,thymic enlargement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [227]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [108]}}"
"In this report we described a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patient who developed thymic enlargement (true thymic hyperplasia), mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleurisy associated with systemic symptoms under Etanercept treatment.",Etanercept,thymic hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [227]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [133]}}"
Thymic enlargement in a patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis during etanercept therapy.,etanercept,Thymic enlargement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Oxcarbazepine-induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).,Oxcarbazepine,DRESS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Oxcarbazepine-induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).,Oxcarbazepine,Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [75]}}"
This is an image and brief case report of a 13-year-old boy who presented with severe rash and systemic symptoms after starting oxcarbazepine.,oxcarbazepine,severe rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [90]}}"
After treatment with a beta-sympathomimetic drug (Partusisten) one fetus developed supraventricular tachycardia.,Partusisten,supraventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [111]}}"
Rosaceiform eruption induced by erlotinib.,erlotinib,Rosaceiform eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"The aim of this paper is to report the case of rosaceiform eruption induced by erlotinib in an 81-year-old-man and to discuss the pathogenetic role of Demodex folliculorum mites, found in the present patient, using skin scraping.",erlotinib,rosaceiform eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"In patients with methotrexate-induced anaphylaxis, discontinuation of treatment may increase the risk of death due to cancer progression.",methotrexate,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Management and successful desensitization in methotrexate-induced anaphylaxis.,methotrexate,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [77]}}"
"Thus, we confirm that desensitization may be a safe procedure in patients with cancer who experience methotrexate-induced anaphylaxis.",methotrexate,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [133]}}"
"We report the case of a child with metastatic osteosarcoma, who experienced an anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction to methotrexate.",methotrexate,anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [114]}}"
Drug-induced fever due to diltiazem.,diltiazem,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Drug-induced fever should be considered in patients who have unexplained high temperatures during diltiazem therapy.,diltiazem,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"To our knowledge, drug-induced fever has not been reported with the use of diltiazem hydrochloride, a commonly prescribed calcium channel blocker.",diltiazem hydrochloride,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [36]}}"
A case of congestive heart failure in a child with Wilms' tumor treated Adriamycin is presented and discussed.,Adriamycin,congestive heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [34]}}"
Radiologic recognition of adriamycin cardiotoxicity.,adriamycin,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [51]}}"
The role of Adriamycin in the production of cardiotoxicity is reviewed.,Adriamycin,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Carbamazepine-induced Diabetes mellitus.,Carbamazepine,Diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Diabetes Mellitus was observed in a patient given carbamazepine.,carbamazepine,Diabetes Mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
The present study describes a patient who had unusual weight fluctuation under corticosteroid and psychotropic treatment such as mianserin and aripiprazole.,aripiprazole,unusual weight fluctuation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [155]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [72]}}"
The present study describes a patient who had unusual weight fluctuation under corticosteroid and psychotropic treatment such as mianserin and aripiprazole.,mianserin,unusual weight fluctuation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [138]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Although heparin-dependent antibodies (HDAs) typically manifest with thrombocytopenia as in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), they may also manifest with preserved platelet counts.",heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9, 92], 'end_char': [16, 99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69, 108], 'end_char': [85, 124]}}"
Clinicians should be cognizant of this possibility and consider a diagnosis of HDAs in patients with ongoing thrombosis who are receiving heparin therapy.,heparin,thrombosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Heparin-dependent antibodies and thrombosis without heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"Despite these antithrombotic effects, the patient developed repeated venous thromboembolism during treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin.",heparin,venous thromboembolism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [91]}}"
"Four months after receiving an orthotopic liver transplant, a 51-year-old man was admitted for progressive liver failure and severe hepatocellular necrosis thought to be due to tacrolimus.",tacrolimus,progressive liver failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"Four months after receiving an orthotopic liver transplant, a 51-year-old man was admitted for progressive liver failure and severe hepatocellular necrosis thought to be due to tacrolimus.",tacrolimus,severe hepatocellular necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [155]}}"
Initiation of posaconazole led to clinical improvement until the patient's demise from bacteremic vancomycin-resistant enterococcal peritonitis.,posaconazole,enterococcal peritonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [143]}}"
Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome after epidural triamcinolone injections in an HIV type 1-infected patient receiving therapy with ritonavir-lopinavir.,triamcinolone,Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
"We report the first case of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individual receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, which included ritonavir, who developed Cushing syndrome with profound complications after epidural triamcinolone injections.",triamcinolone,Cushing syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [240], 'end_char': [253]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [196]}}"
A 22-year-old drug-abuser injected flunitrazepam tablets dissolved in tap water into her left femoral artery and presented with clinical signs of acute ischaemia of the left leg.,flunitrazepam,acute ischaemia of the left leg,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [177]}}"
Acute ischaemia of the leg following accidental intra-arterial injection of dissolved flunitrazepam tablets.,flunitrazepam,Acute ischaemia of the leg,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
A 17-year-old boy with refractory psoriatic arthritis and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency who developed a syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction after 9 months of therapy with infliximab and leflunomide is described.,infliximab,syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [176], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [144]}}"
A 17-year-old boy with refractory psoriatic arthritis and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency who developed a syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction after 9 months of therapy with infliximab and leflunomide is described.,leflunomide,syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [191], 'end_char': [202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [144]}}"
Syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction associated with infliximab and leflunomide combination therapy in a child with psoriatic arthritis.,infliximab,Syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction associated with infliximab and leflunomide combination therapy in a child with psoriatic arthritis.,leflunomide,Syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [39]}}"
A case of severe aplastic anemia secondary to treatment with lenalidomide for multiple myeloma.,lenalidomide,severe aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"Although moderate myelosuppression is not uncommonly seen in patients treated with lenalidomide, aplastic anemia has not previously been reported to be associated with this agent.",lenalidomide,aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [112]}}"
We describe a case of severe aplastic anemia (AA) that was probably induced by lenalidomide.,lenalidomide,AA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [48]}}"
We describe a case of severe aplastic anemia (AA) that was probably induced by lenalidomide.,lenalidomide,severe aplastic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"After cessation of amantadine, the edema resolved, and the endothelial cell densities were <or=600/mm.",amantadine,edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [40]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Amantadine can cause reversible corneal edema but can irreversibly reduce the density of endothelial cells.,Amantadine,reversible corneal edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Corneal edema recurred when the administration of amantadine was resumed.,amantadine,Corneal edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Corneal endothelial dysfunction associated with amantadine toxicity.,amantadine,Corneal endothelial dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
PURPOSE: To describe bilateral corneal endothelial dysfunction in a patient with Parkinson disease who was treated with long-term amantadine.,amantadine,bilateral corneal endothelial dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [140]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [62]}}"
RESULTS: A 52-year-old woman with Parkinson disease who had taken amantadine for 6 years had bilateral corneal edema for 2 months at baseline.,amantadine,bilateral corneal edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [116]}}"
"Therefore, amantadine was permanently discontinued and the cornea cleared again.",amantadine,cornea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Biopsy-proven acute interstitial nephritis associated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib: a class effect?,sunitinib,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report the first biopsy confirmed occurrence of acute interstitial nephritis in a patient receiving treatment with Sunitinib for metastatic renal cell cancer.,Sunitinib,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Extrapyramidal symptoms are well-documented complications of therapy with haloperidol, even when small doses are used.",haloperidol,Extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
This report highlights a case of drug-induced dysphagia in a patient receiving haloperidol for obsessive nocturnal thoughts and auditory disturbances.,haloperidol,dysphagia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [55]}}"
A 52 year-old male patient diagnosed of ankylosing spondylitis presented with an iron deficiency anemia after a ten-month treatment of methotrexate.,methotrexate,iron deficiency anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [103]}}"
Methotrexate induced sprue-like syndrome.,Methotrexate,sprue-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Only 3 cases of imatinib-induced tumor lysis syndrome have been reported.,imatinib,tumor lysis syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [24]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [53]}}"
We herein described an additional patient with BCR-ABL (ela2) positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed tumor lysis syndrome after 10-day treatment with imatinib.,imatinib,tumor lysis syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [134]}}"
IFNalpha-induced recurrence of Graves' disease ten years after thyroidectomy in chronic viral hepatitis C.,IFNalpha,Graves' disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"In contrast to chronic or subacute thyroiditis, Graves' disease rarely complicates IFN-alpha therapy for chronic viral C hepatitis.",IFN-alpha,Graves' disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"In contrast to chronic or subacute thyroiditis, Graves' disease rarely complicates IFN-alpha therapy for chronic viral C hepatitis.",IFN-alpha,subacute thyroiditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [46]}}"
We report the case of a 51-year-old man in whom IFN-alpha treatment was followed by recurrence of Graves' disease 10 years after thyroidectomy was performed and the patient was declared cured.,IFN-alpha,Graves' disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [113]}}"
Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis associated with darifenacin.,darifenacin,Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [37]}}"
The authors describe a case of interstitial granulomatous dermatitis associated with darifenacin.,darifenacin,interstitial granulomatous dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"Gemcitabine is a known risk factor for hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can often have a rapidly fatal clinical course despite intervention with steroids, plasmapheresis and hemodialysis.",Gemcitabine,hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"Gemcitabine is a known risk factor for hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can often have a rapidly fatal clinical course despite intervention with steroids, plasmapheresis and hemodialysis.",Gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"METHODS: A retrospective report of the first case of gemcitabine-related HUS, in a patient with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, treated with a variety of standard therapies in addition to rituximab is presented.",gemcitabine,HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Rituximab-based therapy for gemcitabine-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report.,gemcitabine,hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms after chlorambucil treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.,chlorambucil,Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"He developed recurrent skin rash, fever, hypereosinophilia, and acute renal failure after rechallenge with chlorambucil.",chlorambucil,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [83]}}"
"He developed recurrent skin rash, fever, hypereosinophilia, and acute renal failure after rechallenge with chlorambucil.",chlorambucil,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"He developed recurrent skin rash, fever, hypereosinophilia, and acute renal failure after rechallenge with chlorambucil.",chlorambucil,hypereosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"He developed recurrent skin rash, fever, hypereosinophilia, and acute renal failure after rechallenge with chlorambucil.",chlorambucil,skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}}"
We report the first case of chlorambucil-induced DRESS syndrome in a 70-year-old man recently diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.,chlorambucil,DRESS syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",methotrexate,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [283]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [324], 'end_char': [343]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",MTX,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [288]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [324], 'end_char': [343]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",methotrexate,elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [283]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [171]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",MTX,elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [288]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [171]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",methotrexate,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [283]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.",MTX,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [285], 'end_char': [288]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"Although his renal function recovered completely with high-dose leucovorin, hemodialysis, charcoal hemoperfusion, and carboxypeptidase G2, we present this case to emphasize that signs of renal toxicity may be present as early as 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour MTX infusion, and to suggest that monitoring for MTX toxicity should perhaps begin within a few hours after the completion of 4-hour MTX infusion.",MTX,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [270, 319, 403], 'end_char': [273, 322, 406]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [187], 'end_char': [201]}}"
Early recognition of renal toxicity of high-dose methotrexate therapy: a case report.,methotrexate,renal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Multifocal electroretinographic abnormalities in ethambutol-induced visual loss.,ethambutol,visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}}"
These are the first reported patients to show mfERG abnormalities that correspond to bitemporal visual field defects and add to the growing evidence that ethambutol damages the retina.,ethambutol,bitemporal visual field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [116]}}"
These are the first reported patients to show mfERG abnormalities that correspond to bitemporal visual field defects and add to the growing evidence that ethambutol damages the retina.,ethambutol,mfERG abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Two patients who developed decreased visual acuity after several months of ethambutol treatment for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection had bitemporal visual field defects that suggested optic chiasm damage.,ethambutol,bitemporal visual field defects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [180]}}"
Two patients who developed decreased visual acuity after several months of ethambutol treatment for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection had bitemporal visual field defects that suggested optic chiasm damage.,ethambutol,decreased visual acuity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Tenofovir-associated nephrotoxicity in two HIV-infected adolescent males.,Tenofovir,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"To our knowledge, these cases represent the first reports of TDF-associated irreversible renal failure and rickets in pediatric patients.",TDF,irreversible renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [102]}}"
"To our knowledge, these cases represent the first reports of TDF-associated irreversible renal failure and rickets in pediatric patients.",TDF,rickets,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [114]}}"
We report two cases of tenofovir (TDF)-associated nephrotoxicity in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents.,TDF,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [64]}}"
We report two cases of tenofovir (TDF)-associated nephrotoxicity in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents.,tenofovir,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"In this case, discontinuing piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and starting a palliative treatment plan helped resolve a patient's ulcers.",piroxicam,ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [152]}}"
Acute renal failure following intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in a HIV-infected patient.,immunoglobulin,Acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Acute renal failure is a rare complication following the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).,immunoglobulin,Acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
The exact mechanism of IVIG-associated acute renal failure remains unclear.,IVIG,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [58]}}"
A 58-year-old man with advanced renal cell carcinoma developed grade 3 proteinuria (8.5 g/24 h) without microscopic hematuria or renal insufficiency five days after temsirolimus infusion.,temsirolimus,proteinuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [165], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Temsirolimus-induced glomerulopathy.,Temsirolimus,glomerulopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"Hypoglycemia can be a serious side effect of etanercept in patients already on antidiabetic medications known to cause hypoglycemia, such as sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and insulin.",etanercept,Hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"Hypoglycemia can be a serious side effect of etanercept in patients already on antidiabetic medications known to cause hypoglycemia, such as sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and insulin.",etanercept,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"Hypoglycemia can be a serious side effect of etanercept in patients already on antidiabetic medications known to cause hypoglycemia, such as sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and insulin.",insulin,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"Hypoglycemia can be a serious side effect of etanercept in patients already on antidiabetic medications known to cause hypoglycemia, such as sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and insulin.",meglitinides,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"Hypoglycemia can be a serious side effect of etanercept in patients already on antidiabetic medications known to cause hypoglycemia, such as sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and insulin.",sulfonylureas,hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [141], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [131]}}"
Persistent hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes taking etanercept for the treatment of psoriasis.,etanercept,Persistent hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}}"
"We report a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus who, while treated with the antitumor necrosis factor-alpha blocking agent etanercept for severe plaque psoriasis, experienced persistent hypoglycemia requiring the lowering and eventual elimination of his previous insulin regimen.",etanercept,persistent hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [135]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [177], 'end_char': [200]}}"
We report on three cases wherein treatment of dexmedetomidine-induced bradycardia with i.v. glycopyrrolate (5.0 microg/kg) not only resulting in resolution of bradycardia but also resulting in an exaggerated increase of arterial blood pressure.,dexmedetomidine,bradycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70, 159], 'end_char': [81, 170]}}"
We report on three cases wherein treatment of dexmedetomidine-induced bradycardia with i.v. glycopyrrolate (5.0 microg/kg) not only resulting in resolution of bradycardia but also resulting in an exaggerated increase of arterial blood pressure.,glycopyrrolate,exaggerated increase of arterial blood pressure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [243]}}"
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is reported in up to 18.6% of patients treated with intravenous bisphosphonates and can result in significant morbidity.,Bisphosphonate,osteonecrosis of the jaw,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the skull base.,Bisphosphonate,osteonecrosis of the skull base,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"A previous study of patients with ""quinine-associated TTP/HUS"" found that ADAMTS13 activities were not abnormal in 12/12 patients.",quinine,TTP/HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [61]}}"
A retrospective review of TTP patients with quinine-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) for whom ADAMTS13 was measured before plasma exchange was performed.,quinine,thrombotic microangiopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [89]}}"
A retrospective review of TTP patients with quinine-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) for whom ADAMTS13 was measured before plasma exchange was performed.,quinine,TMA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"Thrombocytopenia with or without microangiopathy following quinine is often referred to as quinine ""hypersensitivity."" When schistocytes are present it is frequently termed ""quinine-associated TTP/HUS."" A severe deficiency of the vWF-cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, is associated with idiopathic TTP.",quinine,Thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59, 91, 174], 'end_char': [66, 98, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"Thrombocytopenia with or without microangiopathy following quinine is often referred to as quinine ""hypersensitivity."" When schistocytes are present it is frequently termed ""quinine-associated TTP/HUS."" A severe deficiency of the vWF-cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, is associated with idiopathic TTP.",quinine,TTP/HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59, 91, 174], 'end_char': [66, 98, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [200]}}"
"We conclude that while thrombocytopenia and schistocytosis can be seen in quinine-associated TTP/HUS, the pathophysiology seems to be distinct from that seen in most cases of idiopathic TTP (i.e., severely decreased ADAMTS13 with an inhibitor).",quinine,schistocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"We conclude that while thrombocytopenia and schistocytosis can be seen in quinine-associated TTP/HUS, the pathophysiology seems to be distinct from that seen in most cases of idiopathic TTP (i.e., severely decreased ADAMTS13 with an inhibitor).",quinine,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"We conclude that while thrombocytopenia and schistocytosis can be seen in quinine-associated TTP/HUS, the pathophysiology seems to be distinct from that seen in most cases of idiopathic TTP (i.e., severely decreased ADAMTS13 with an inhibitor).",quinine,TTP/HUS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [100]}}"
We recommend that a TMA in association with quinine be consistently referred to as quinine-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (quinine-TMA) to better distinguish this entity from idiopathic TTP.,quinine,thrombotic microangiopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [44, 83, 130], 'end_char': [51, 90, 137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Complications associated with primary and secondary perforation of the bladder following immediate instillations of epirubicin after transurethral resection of superficial urothelial tumours.,epirubicin,primary and secondary perforation of the bladder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [78]}}"
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present two cases of significant morbidity related to primary and secondary perforation of the bladder following two instillations of epirubicin.,epirubicin,primary and secondary perforation of the bladder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [160], 'end_char': [170]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Aliskiren-associated acute renal failure with hyperkalemia.,Aliskiren,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [40]}}"
We report the first case of acute renal failure with hyperkalemia associated with the recently marketed direct renin inhibitor aliskiren.,aliskiren,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [47]}}"
We report the first case of acute renal failure with hyperkalemia associated with the recently marketed direct renin inhibitor aliskiren.,aliskiren,hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}}"
A case of acute cardiomyopathy and pericarditis associated with methylphenidate.,methylphenidate,acute cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [30]}}"
A case of acute cardiomyopathy and pericarditis associated with methylphenidate.,methylphenidate,pericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"However, acute cardiomyopathy and pericarditis secondary to methylphenidate use has been rarely reported.",methylphenidate,acute cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"However, acute cardiomyopathy and pericarditis secondary to methylphenidate use has been rarely reported.",methylphenidate,pericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"We report the case of a 17-year-old male who developed chest pain, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and acute left ventricular dysfunction following a single dose of methylphenidate.",methylphenidate,acute left ventricular dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [134]}}"
"We report the case of a 17-year-old male who developed chest pain, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and acute left ventricular dysfunction following a single dose of methylphenidate.",methylphenidate,chest pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}}"
"We report the case of a 17-year-old male who developed chest pain, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and acute left ventricular dysfunction following a single dose of methylphenidate.",methylphenidate,elevated cardiac biomarkers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"According to the Naranjo et al. adverse-reaction probability scale, enoxaparin was the probable cause of hepatotoxicity in this patient.",enoxaparin,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [119]}}"
CONCLUSION: A woman receiving enoxaparin every 12 hours developed signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity after the second dose.,enoxaparin,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Probable enoxaparin-induced hepatotoxicity.,enoxaparin,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [42]}}"
PURPOSE: A case of probable enoxaparin-induced hepatotoxicity is described.,enoxaparin,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with methotrexate neurotoxicity: conventional magnetic resonance and diffusion-weighted imaging findings.,methotrexate,Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [44]}}"
The addition of intrathecal methotrexate to treatment protocols has increased survival rates in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia but is also associated with varying degrees of neurotoxicity.,methotrexate,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [186], 'end_char': [199]}}"
We describe a 15-year-old female patient diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with status epilepticus after receiving intrathecal methotrexate.,methotrexate,acute lymphoblastic leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Cyclosporine-induced pain syndrome in a child undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant.,Cyclosporine,pain syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"In this case, CIPS was considered to be probably associated with cyclosporine according to the Naranjo probability scale.",cyclosporine,CIPS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [18]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of calcineurin-induced pain syndrome (CIPS) in a child undergoing his second hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).,calcineurin,pain syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"With the first cyclosporine dose, the patient complained of leg pain that was most severe during the cyclosporine infusion.",cyclosporine,leg pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 101], 'end_char': [27, 113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [68]}}"
"With the first cyclosporine dose, the patient complained of leg pain that was most severe during the cyclosporine infusion.",cyclosporine,leg pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15, 101], 'end_char': [27, 113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to risperidone treatment in a child with Joubert syndrome.,risperidone,Neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [30]}}"
This report describes a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to risperidone in a child with Joubert syndrome.,risperidone,neuroleptic malignant syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [62]}}"
A case of tuberculosis in a patient on Efalizumab and Etanercept for treatment of refractory palmopustular psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.,Efalizumab,tuberculosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [22]}}"
A case of tuberculosis in a patient on Efalizumab and Etanercept for treatment of refractory palmopustular psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.,Etanercept,tuberculosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [22]}}"
The most common complication of warfarin use is adverse bleeding.,warfarin,bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [64]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We describe here a case of a 60 year old female that experienced a relapse of symptomatic hyperlactatemia after being switched from stavudine to zidovudine and how the case was managed at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda.",stavudine,symptomatic hyperlactatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"CASE REPORT: We describe here a case of a 60 year old female that experienced a relapse of symptomatic hyperlactatemia after being switched from stavudine to zidovudine and how the case was managed at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda.",zidovudine,symptomatic hyperlactatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [168]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [118]}}"
DISCUSSION: This case shows that switching to zidovudine potentially can lead to a hyperlactatemia relapse.,zidovudine,hyperlactatemia relapse,"{'drug': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [106]}}"
INTRODUCTION: In resource limited settings patients on antiretroviral treatment who develop stavudine induced hyperlactatemia are often switched to zidovudine on the basis of published studies that demonstrate that this agent can be a safe alternative.,stavudine,hyperlactatemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [125]}}"
Anaphylactic reaction to bacitracin ointment.,bacitracin,Anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
We report a case of an 11-year-old boy who experienced an anaphylactic reaction after administration of bacitracin ointment.,bacitracin,anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Herein, we present a patient with severe and prolonged hypoglycemia after long-acting octreotide treatment.",octreotide,prolonged hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Hypoglycemia induced by long-acting somatostatin analogues in a patient with nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumor.,somatostatin,Hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
"In these patients, long-acting octreotide may trigger serious hypoglycemia.",octreotide,serious hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Leukopenia due to parvovirus B19 in a Crohn's disease patient using azathioprine.,azathioprine,Leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}}"
The uncomplicated long-term use of adequately-dosed AZA and stable non-toxic metabolite levels could not acknowledge TPMT deficiency as a primary cause of the leukopenia.,AZA,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [55]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [169]}}"
We present the case of an adult Crohn's disease patient with a parvovirus B19 infection and leukopenia during long-term AZA therapy.,AZA,leukopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [102]}}"
Isoniazid causing breast tissue enlargement has been very rarely reported.,Isoniazid,breast tissue enlargement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Isoniazid induced gynaecomastia: a case report.,Isoniazid,gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [31]}}"
Cryptococcus neoformans fatal sepsis in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient treated with alemtuzumab: case report and review of the literature.,alemtuzumab,Cryptococcus neoformans fatal sepsis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [103]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [36]}}"
The international literature regarding opportunistic infections after immunosuppressive therapy with alemtuzumab with particular attention on fungal infections has also been reviewed.,alemtuzumab,fungal infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [142], 'end_char': [159]}}"
The international literature regarding opportunistic infections after immunosuppressive therapy with alemtuzumab with particular attention on fungal infections has also been reviewed.,alemtuzumab,opportunistic infections,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Secondary acute myeloid leukemia after etoposide therapy for haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.,etoposide,acute myeloid leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"The risk of developing sAML is estimated to be between 1% and 5%, 2-20 years after exposure to etoposide but may also be related to cumulative drug doses, treatment schedules, host factors and co-administration of other antineoplastic agents.",etoposide,sAML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Two patients with HLH developed etoposide-related secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) following therapy for HLH.,etoposide,sAML,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [88]}}"
Two patients with HLH developed etoposide-related secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) following therapy for HLH.,etoposide,secondary acute myeloid leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [82]}}"
Polymyoclonus seizure resulting from accidental injection of tranexamic acid in spinal anesthesia.,tranexamic acid,Polymyoclonus seizure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Rhabdomyolysis following clarithromycin monotherapy.,clarithromycin,Rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
We report the first case of rhabdomyolysis related to the administration of clarithromycin without concurrent use of other medications.,clarithromycin,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [42]}}"
"At the end of his fifth cycle of sunitinib therapy, the patient complained of the development of abnormally large mammary glands associated with pain and peri-areolar erythema.",sunitinib,development of abnormally large mammary glands,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"At the end of his fifth cycle of sunitinib therapy, the patient complained of the development of abnormally large mammary glands associated with pain and peri-areolar erythema.",sunitinib,pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [149]}}"
"At the end of his fifth cycle of sunitinib therapy, the patient complained of the development of abnormally large mammary glands associated with pain and peri-areolar erythema.",sunitinib,peri-areolar erythema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [154], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"However, re-initiation of sunitinib treatment was followed by bilateral breast enlargement again.",sunitinib,bilateral breast enlargement,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [90]}}"
Onset of male gynaecomastia in a patient treated with sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.,sunitinib,gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [27]}}"
The mechanism by which sunitinib induces gynaecomastia is thought to be associated with an unknown direct action on breast hormonal receptors.,sunitinib,gynaecomastia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [54]}}"
"The more common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects of sunitinib include hypertension, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, elevated lipase and lymphopenia.",sunitinib,elevated lipase,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [124]}}"
"The more common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects of sunitinib include hypertension, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, elevated lipase and lymphopenia.",sunitinib,fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [87]}}"
"The more common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects of sunitinib include hypertension, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, elevated lipase and lymphopenia.",sunitinib,hand-foot syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [107]}}"
"The more common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects of sunitinib include hypertension, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, elevated lipase and lymphopenia.",sunitinib,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"The more common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects of sunitinib include hypertension, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, elevated lipase and lymphopenia.",sunitinib,lymphopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [140]}}"
Divalproex sodium-induced eosinophilic pleural effusion.,Divalproex sodium,eosinophilic pleural effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [55]}}"
We report a case of 48-year-old woman with seizure disorder on divalproex sodium (Depakote) who presented with dyspnea.,Depakote,dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [118]}}"
We report a case of 48-year-old woman with seizure disorder on divalproex sodium (Depakote) who presented with dyspnea.,divalproex sodium,dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [118]}}"
Withdrawal of Depakote resulted in resolution of the effusion.,Depakote,effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [61]}}"
Flurbiprofen-associated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.,Flurbiprofen,acute tubulointerstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"We report a case of biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with a second course of flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the propionic acid class.",flurbiprofen,acute tubulointerstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Stupor and fast activity on electroencephalography in a child treated with valproate.,valproate,Stupor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
The case of a 4-year-old girl with valproate-induced stupor and electroencephalographic pattern of increased fast activity is reported.,valproate,stupor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Localized dyskeratotic plaque with milia associated with sorafenib.,sorafenib,Localized dyskeratotic plaque,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Localized dyskeratotic plaque with milia associated with sorafenib.,sorafenib,milia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [40]}}"
This article presents a case of an atypical localized cutaneous eruption with an unusual course and protracted resolution time associated with sorafenib therapy.,sorafenib,atypical localized cutaneous eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"According to the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale, tigecycline was the probable cause of her acute pancreatitis.",tigecycline,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [126]}}"
Following 7 days of tigecycline she developed severe abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes suggesting acute pancreatitis.,tigecycline,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [129]}}"
Following 7 days of tigecycline she developed severe abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes suggesting acute pancreatitis.,tigecycline,elevated pancreatic enzymes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [99]}}"
Following 7 days of tigecycline she developed severe abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes suggesting acute pancreatitis.,tigecycline,severe abdominal pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Pancreatitis has been associated with the tetracycline class of antibiotics and concerns about tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis have recently been raised.,tigecycline,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [133]}}"
Tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis: case report and literature review.,Tigecycline,acute pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"We recommend that clinicians monitor patients for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, including abdominal pain, during treatment with tigecycline.",tigecycline,abdominal pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [110]}}"
"We recommend that clinicians monitor patients for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, including abdominal pain, during treatment with tigecycline.",tigecycline,pancreatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [145]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [84]}}"
Drug induced polymyositis secondary to leuprolide acetate (Lupron) therapy for prostate carcinoma.,leuprolide acetate,polymyositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Drug induced polymyositis secondary to leuprolide acetate (Lupron) therapy for prostate carcinoma.,Lupron,polymyositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
We report a case of biopsy proven myositis whose symptoms began within 10 days of receiving leuprolide acetate therapy for prostate cancer.,leuprolide acetate,myositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Aripiprazole-induced hiccups: a case report.,Aripiprazole,hiccups,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [28]}}"
We report a patient of organic bipolar affective disorder who developed hiccups with the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole.,aripiprazole,hiccups,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [79]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: This patient's rhabdomyolysis was probably induced by sertraline therapy.,sertraline,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [42]}}"
DISCUSSION: The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable relationship between sertraline treatment and the onset of rhabdomyolysis.,sertraline,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [136]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of sertraline-induced rhabdomyolysis in an elderly patient with dementia and comorbidities.,sertraline,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [43]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Sertraline-induced rhabdomyolysis in an elderly patient with dementia and comorbidities.,Sertraline,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [33]}}"
The patient's other comorbidities and medications have not been suggested as possible interactions with sertraline that can cause rhabdomyolysis.,sertraline,rhabdomyolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [144]}}"
Tumor lysis syndrome after transcatheter arterial infusion of cisplatin and embolization therapy for liver metastases of melanoma.,cisplatin,Tumor lysis syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
He had priapism following the use of olanzapine.,olanzapine,priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [15]}}"
Priapism associated with olanzapine.,olanzapine,Priapism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
Can ketamine prescribed for pain cause damage to the urinary tract?,ketamine,damage to the urinary tract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Possible mechanisms for damage to the urothelium by ketamine are suggested.,ketamine,damage to the urothelium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Presentation of three palliative care patients who were given ketamine as an analgesic and subsequently developed significant and debilitating urological symptoms.,ketamine,urological symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [162]}}"
These two cases highlight the importance of considering lopinavir/ritonavir induced arrhythmias when dealing with HIV-positive individuals.,lopinavir,arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}}"
These two cases highlight the importance of considering lopinavir/ritonavir induced arrhythmias when dealing with HIV-positive individuals.,ritonavir,arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Transient cardiac arrhythmias related to lopinavir/ritonavir in two patients with HIV infection.,lopinavir,Transient cardiac arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Transient cardiac arrhythmias related to lopinavir/ritonavir in two patients with HIV infection.,ritonavir,Transient cardiac arrhythmias,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Colitis as a manifestation of infliximab-associated disseminated cryptococcosis.,infliximab,Colitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
Colitis as a manifestation of infliximab-associated disseminated cryptococcosis.,infliximab,disseminated cryptococcosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"After three weeks of carbamazepine therapy, the patient arrived at the emergency department (ED) with severe agitation and aggressive behavior.",carbamazepine,aggressive behavior,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [123], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"After three weeks of carbamazepine therapy, the patient arrived at the emergency department (ED) with severe agitation and aggressive behavior.",carbamazepine,severe agitation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [118]}}"
Carbamazepine-induced hyperammonemia.,Carbamazepine,hyperammonemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [36]}}"
CONCLUSION: A 26-year-old man with bipolar disorder developed hyperammonemia three weeks after initiating carbamazepine therapy.,carbamazepine,hyperammonemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [106], 'end_char': [119]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [76]}}"
He had also developed elevated serum ammonia levels while on valproic acid.,valproic acid,elevated serum ammonia levels,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [51]}}"
PURPOSE: A case of carbamazepine-induced hyperammonemia is presented.,carbamazepine,hyperammonemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy aggravated by cis-platinum nephrotoxicity requiring dialysis.,Adriamycin,cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy aggravated by cis-platinum nephrotoxicity requiring dialysis.,cis-platinum,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [75]}}"
Complications of chemotherapy for a synovial sarcoma in an eight-year old boy included cisplatinum nephrotoxicity and adriamycin cardiotoxicity.,adriamycin,cardiotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [143]}}"
Complications of chemotherapy for a synovial sarcoma in an eight-year old boy included cisplatinum nephrotoxicity and adriamycin cardiotoxicity.,cisplatinum,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [113]}}"
"A 65-year-old female patient presented with jaundice followed 2 days later by severe dyspnea and tachypnea which worsened when patient was lying flat, 1 week after the fourth dose of adalimumab.",adalimumab,jaundice,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"A 65-year-old female patient presented with jaundice followed 2 days later by severe dyspnea and tachypnea which worsened when patient was lying flat, 1 week after the fourth dose of adalimumab.",adalimumab,severe dyspnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"A 65-year-old female patient presented with jaundice followed 2 days later by severe dyspnea and tachypnea which worsened when patient was lying flat, 1 week after the fourth dose of adalimumab.",adalimumab,tachypnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [193]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}}"
A case of acute respiratory failure due to diaphragmatic weakness following adalimumab therapy for psoriasis is described.,adalimumab,acute respiratory failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Acute bilateral phrenic neuropathy following treatment with adalimumab.,adalimumab,Acute bilateral phrenic neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [34]}}"
"The potential development of SJS/TEN, a severe life-threatening illness, emphasizes the need for judicious use of TMP-Sx and close monitoring and follow-up for patients who were given TMP-Sx for SSTIs.",TMP-Sx,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114, 184], 'end_char': [120, 190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [32]}}"
"The potential development of SJS/TEN, a severe life-threatening illness, emphasizes the need for judicious use of TMP-Sx and close monitoring and follow-up for patients who were given TMP-Sx for SSTIs.",TMP-Sx,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114, 184], 'end_char': [120, 190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [36]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,TMP-Sx,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [76]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,SJS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [76]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,TMP-Sx,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [44]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,TMP-Sx,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [80]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,TEN,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [80]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,TMP-Sx,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [71]}}"
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,toxic epidermal necrolysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [71]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare phenomenon in conjunction with LMWH but should be considered in cases of acute respiratory distress following commencement of LMWH.,LMWH,Spontaneous hemothorax,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77, 172], 'end_char': [81, 176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"On day 4, following 3 doses of dalteparin, the patient developed acute respiratory distress attributable to a massive right hemothorax confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and intercostal drainage of 1500 mL of frank blood.",dalteparin,acute respiratory distress,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [91]}}"
Spontaneous hemothorax following anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin.,heparin,Spontaneous hemothorax,"{'drug': {'start_char': [75], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
Acute ocular ischemic change may be associated with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with vascular compromised diabetic retinopathy and/or underlying stenosis of the carotid artery.,bevacizumab,Acute ocular ischemic change,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [89]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Acute vision loss after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin) associated with ocular ischemic syndrome.,avastin,Acute vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Acute vision loss after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin) associated with ocular ischemic syndrome.,bevacizumab,Acute vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Acute vision loss after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin) associated with ocular ischemic syndrome.,avastin,ocular ischemic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [112]}}"
Acute vision loss after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin) associated with ocular ischemic syndrome.,bevacizumab,ocular ischemic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [112]}}"
AIM: To report a patient with diabetic rubeosis who suffered from acute retinal ischemic change and stroke after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.,bevacizumab,acute retinal ischemic change,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [95]}}"
AIM: To report a patient with diabetic rubeosis who suffered from acute retinal ischemic change and stroke after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.,bevacizumab,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving intravitreal injections of bevacizumab should be evaluated for potential systemic risk factors such as carotid insufficiency, coagulopathy and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.",bevacizumab,carotid insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [135], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving intravitreal injections of bevacizumab should be evaluated for potential systemic risk factors such as carotid insufficiency, coagulopathy and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.",bevacizumab,coagulopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [158], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving intravitreal injections of bevacizumab should be evaluated for potential systemic risk factors such as carotid insufficiency, coagulopathy and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.",bevacizumab,poorly controlled diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [175], 'end_char': [210]}}"
"Three days after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, acute ocular ischemic syndrome occurred.",bevacizumab,acute ocular ischemic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"Three days after receiving intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg in 0.1 ml), he developed acute vision loss and change of consciousness.",bevacizumab,acute vision loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [116]}}"
"Three days after receiving intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg in 0.1 ml), he developed acute vision loss and change of consciousness.",bevacizumab,change of consciousness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [144]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",cyclophosphamide,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",doxorubicin,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [190]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",etoposide,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",prednisone,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",rituximab,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [205]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.",vincristine,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [159]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [92]}}"
Favorable outcome of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation with lamivudine and adefovir therapy.,adefovir,hepatitis B infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Favorable outcome of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation with lamivudine and adefovir therapy.,lamivudine,hepatitis B infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [50]}}"
Linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome.,Linezolid,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome.,Linezolid,DRESS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [110]}}"
Linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome.,Linezolid,drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [112]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,facial edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,macular rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,marked increase in serum creatinine level,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,mild hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"On day 7 of linezolid treatment, the patient developed severe pruritus, macular rash, facial edema, eosinophilia, marked increase in serum creatinine level, and mild hepatitis.",linezolid,severe pruritus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [21]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [70]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [62]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,acute interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [62]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,DRESS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [143]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,DRESS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [143]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [136]}}"
This case of linezolid-associated acute interstitial nephritis within the context of a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient treated with linezolid raises concerns about the presumed renal safety of this drug.,linezolid,drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [13, 180], 'end_char': [22, 189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [136]}}"
Increased awareness is needed on the possible occurrence of LPD resembling gastric cancer in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with MTX.,MTX,LPD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [139]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Reversible methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder resembling advanced gastric cancer in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.,methotrexate,lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [63]}}"
She was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) due to immunodeficiency caused by MTX administration.,MTX,Epstein-Barr virus-associated polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [93]}}"
She was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) due to immunodeficiency caused by MTX administration.,MTX,immunodeficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [123]}}"
She was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) due to immunodeficiency caused by MTX administration.,MTX,LPD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [98]}}"
"To our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous remission of MTX-associated gastric LPD after discontinuation of MTX therapy.",MTX,gastric LPD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69, 121], 'end_char': [72, 124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"However, he developed acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, and hyperuricemia 30 d after receiving the sorafenib treatment.",sorafenib,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [41]}}"
"However, he developed acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, and hyperuricemia 30 d after receiving the sorafenib treatment.",sorafenib,hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"However, he developed acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, and hyperuricemia 30 d after receiving the sorafenib treatment.",sorafenib,hyperuricemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [109]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Sorafenib induced tumor lysis syndrome in an advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patient.,Sorafenib,tumor lysis syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Are nasal decongestants safer than rhinitis? A case of oxymetazoline-induced syncope.,oxymetazoline,syncope,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [84]}}"
We report here a case of cardiovascular and neurological depression induced by oxymetalzoline in a toddler.,oxymetalzoline,neurological depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"Given that discontinuation of nitrofurantoin and introduction of methylprednisolon therapy significantly lowered liver enzyme levels, restoring most of them to normal, we concluded that this was probably the case of toxic liver damage caused by nitrofurantoin.",nitrofurantoin,toxic liver damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30, 245], 'end_char': [44, 259]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [216], 'end_char': [234]}}"
Nitrofurantoin-induced acute liver damage in pregnancy.,Nitrofurantoin,acute liver damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [41]}}"
A 40-year-old man with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) developed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) after having received 21 doses of natalizumab monotherapy.,natalizumab,PCNSL,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [170]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [123]}}"
A 40-year-old man with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) developed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) after having received 21 doses of natalizumab monotherapy.,natalizumab,primary central nervous system lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [170]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [116]}}"
Primary central nervous system lymphoma in a patient treated with natalizumab.,natalizumab,Primary central nervous system lymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"The first patient is undergoing hemodialysis and, though responding to sunitinib, is having significant fatigue and hypertension.",sunitinib,fatigue,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"The first patient is undergoing hemodialysis and, though responding to sunitinib, is having significant fatigue and hypertension.",sunitinib,hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [128]}}"
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of severe apnea in an infant exposed to lamotrigine through breast-feeding.,lamotrigine,severe apnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Severe apnea in an infant exposed to lamotrigine in breast milk.,lamotrigine,Severe apnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable relationship between apnea and exposure to lamotrigine through breast-feeding in this infant.,lamotrigine,apnea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [77]}}"
"Although there have been numerous reports of effusions, none have provided complete pleural fluid analysis; therefore, we report 2 patients with dasatinib-induced pleural effusion with complete pleural fluid analysis.",dasatinib,pleural effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [179]}}"
Dasatinib-induced pleural effusions: a lymphatic network disorder?,Dasatinib,pleural effusions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"RESULTS: One case of recurrent primary peritoneal carcinoma previously treated with a carboplatin-based regimen, developed a platinum hypersensitivity.",carboplatin,platinum hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [97]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"One week after the initial-dose of adalimumab (160 mg), which was initiated due to an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease, the patient developed a fulminant cardiomyopathy.",adalimumab,fulminant cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [45]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [149], 'end_char': [173]}}"
Severe cardiomyopathy following treatment with the tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor adalimumab for Crohn's disease.,adalimumab,Severe cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Amikacin-induced type 5 Bartter-like syndrome with severe hypocalcemia.,Amikacin,severe hypocalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Amikacin-induced type 5 Bartter-like syndrome with severe hypocalcemia.,Amikacin,type 5 Bartter-like syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [45]}}"
"Recovery of the tubular dysfunction took 15 days following cessation of the offending drug, Amikacin.",Amikacin,tubular dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [35]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,hypocalcemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,hypomagnesemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [180]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,metabolic alkalosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [182], 'end_char': [201]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,polyuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [207], 'end_char': [215]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,refractory hypokalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [128], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"We discuss a patient who developed severe renal tubular dysfunction secondary to short-term therapy with Amikacin, resulting in refractory hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and polyuria.",Amikacin,severe renal tubular dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [35], 'end_char': [67]}}"
"Postoperatively, the first two patients treated with 1 to 2 cc of thrombin were slow to awaken; one had evidence of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies and multiple infarcts on cranial computerized tomography, while the other had a moderate-sized frontal hematoma with intracranial hypertension.",thrombin,multiple infarcts,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [173], 'end_char': [190]}}"
"Postoperatively, the first two patients treated with 1 to 2 cc of thrombin were slow to awaken; one had evidence of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies and multiple infarcts on cranial computerized tomography, while the other had a moderate-sized frontal hematoma with intracranial hypertension.",thrombin,slow to awaken,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [94]}}"
"Postoperatively, the first two patients treated with 1 to 2 cc of thrombin were slow to awaken; one had evidence of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies and multiple infarcts on cranial computerized tomography, while the other had a moderate-sized frontal hematoma with intracranial hypertension.",thrombin,vasospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [125]}}"
"Thrombin is highly effective for stopping intractable arterial hemorrhage during stereotactic brain biopsy; however, it is a vasospastic agent and may have been responsible for the cerebral infarctions in one patient.",Thrombin,cerebral infarctions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [181], 'end_char': [201]}}"
Ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis.,Ciprofloxacin,hemorrhagic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis is a rare side effect.,Ciprofloxacin,hemorrhagic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Ciprofloxacin is among the standard treatments for infected ischemic ulcers; in the rare case of ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis, it might be interpreted as progression of infection, instead of a complication of the treatment, thus leading to faulty diagnosis and treatment.",ciprofloxacin,hemorrhagic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [141]}}"
"In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.",ciprofloxacin,below-knee amputation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 112], 'end_char': [77, 125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [244], 'end_char': [265]}}"
"In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.",ciprofloxacin,hemorrhagic vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 112], 'end_char': [77, 125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [156]}}"
"In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.",ciprofloxacin,progressive gangrene,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 112], 'end_char': [77, 125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [217], 'end_char': [237]}}"
"In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.",ciprofloxacin,severe forefoot infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 112], 'end_char': [77, 125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [204]}}"
"In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.",ciprofloxacin,vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 112], 'end_char': [77, 125]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19, 146], 'end_char': [29, 156]}}"
"However, a recent post-marketing survey in Japan revealed that interstitial pneumonia occurred in 4 among approximately 2 000 Japanese patients treated with sorafenib.",sorafenib,interstitial pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [85]}}"
Interstitial pneumonia probably associated with sorafenib treatment: An alert of an adverse event.,sorafenib,Interstitial pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"In this article, we describe a Japanese patient with severe interstitial pneumonia probably caused by sorafenib treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.",sorafenib,severe interstitial pneumonia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [82]}}"
"Oncologists supervising future clinical trials for lung cancer should be alert to the fact that sorafenib can potentially induce serious interstitial lung disease, although this might depend on racial differences.",sorafenib,interstitial lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [105]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [162]}}"
Fatal gemcitabine-induced pulmonary toxicity in metastatic   gallbladder adenocarcinoma.,gemcitabine,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Gemcitabine-induced pulmonary toxicity is usually a dramatic condition.,Gemcitabine,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"In this report, we describe a fatal gemcitabine-induced pulmonary toxicity in a patient with gallbladder metastatic adenocarcinoma.",gemcitabine,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"He had hypokalemia (K 2.3 mmol/L) induced by licorice and also had received disopyramide for arrhythmia, bicalutamide for prostate cancer, and silodosin for prostate hypertrophy.",licorice,hypokalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Therefore, although garenoxacin reportedly causes fewer adverse reactions for cardiac rhythms than third-generation quinolone antibiotics, one must be cautious of the interference of other drugs during hypokalemia in order to prevent TdP.",garenoxacin,cardiac rhythms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"Therefore, although garenoxacin reportedly causes fewer adverse reactions for cardiac rhythms than third-generation quinolone antibiotics, one must be cautious of the interference of other drugs during hypokalemia in order to prevent TdP.",garenoxacin,hypokalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [202], 'end_char': [213]}}"
"Torsades de Pointes induced by a combination of garenoxacin and disopyramide and other cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A polypeptide-4-influencing drugs during hypokalemia due to licorice.",disopyramide,Torsades de Pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"Torsades de Pointes induced by a combination of garenoxacin and disopyramide and other cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A polypeptide-4-influencing drugs during hypokalemia due to licorice.",garenoxacin,Torsades de Pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
"We report an 82-year-old man who developed ventricular tachycardia and Torsades de Pointes (TdP) after oral administration of garenoxacin, a novel quinolone antibiotic agent that differs from the third-generation quinolones, for pneumonia.",garenoxacin,TdP,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"We report an 82-year-old man who developed ventricular tachycardia and Torsades de Pointes (TdP) after oral administration of garenoxacin, a novel quinolone antibiotic agent that differs from the third-generation quinolones, for pneumonia.",garenoxacin,Torsades de Pointes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [90]}}"
"We report an 82-year-old man who developed ventricular tachycardia and Torsades de Pointes (TdP) after oral administration of garenoxacin, a novel quinolone antibiotic agent that differs from the third-generation quinolones, for pneumonia.",garenoxacin,ventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [66]}}"
"Of 371 patients treated with 8MOP, three (0.8%) developed an acute dermatitis in the PUVA-treated areas.",8MOP,acute dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [33]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [77]}}"
Hepatotoxicity after high-dose methylprednisolone for demyelinating disease.,methylprednisolone,Hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
We observed 2 cases of hepatotoxicity after a high-dose methylprednisolone treatment of a demyelinating disease and evaluated the potential relationship in the light of available evidence.,methylprednisolone,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [74]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Colonic mucosal necrosis following administration of calcium polystryrene sulfonate (Kalimate) in a uremic patient.,calcium polystryrene sulfonate,Colonic mucosal necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Colonic mucosal necrosis following administration of calcium polystryrene sulfonate (Kalimate) in a uremic patient.,Kalimate,Colonic mucosal necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Colonic necrosis is known as a rare complication following the administration of Kayexalate (sodium polystryrene sulfonate) in sorbitol.,Kayexalate,Colonic necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [81], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Colonic necrosis is known as a rare complication following the administration of Kayexalate (sodium polystryrene sulfonate) in sorbitol.,sodium polystryrene sulfonate,Colonic necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [122]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"Two days after administration of Kalimate enema, he had profuse hematochezia, and a sigmoidoscopy showed diffuse colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum and sigmoid colon.",Kalimate,colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [113], 'end_char': [151]}}"
"Two days after administration of Kalimate enema, he had profuse hematochezia, and a sigmoidoscopy showed diffuse colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum and sigmoid colon.",Kalimate,profuse hematochezia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"We report a rare case of colonic mucosal necrosis following Kalimate (calcium polystryrene sulfonate), an analogue of Kayexalate without sorbitol in a 34-yr-old man.",calcium polystryrene sulfonate,colonic mucosal necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"We report a rare case of colonic mucosal necrosis following Kalimate (calcium polystryrene sulfonate), an analogue of Kayexalate without sorbitol in a 34-yr-old man.",Kalimate,colonic mucosal necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [49]}}"
"We report a rare case of colonic mucosal necrosis following Kalimate (calcium polystryrene sulfonate), an analogue of Kayexalate without sorbitol in a 34-yr-old man.",Kayexalate,colonic mucosal necrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Clozapine-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenic patients taking clozapine as a first-line antipsychotic drug.,Clozapine,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that clozapine may cause TD; however, the prevalence is low and the severity is relatively mild, with no or mild self-reported discomfort.",clozapine,discomfort,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [162], 'end_char': [172]}}"
"CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that clozapine may cause TD; however, the prevalence is low and the severity is relatively mild, with no or mild self-reported discomfort.",clozapine,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [62]}}"
"However, several case reports have suggested that clozapine could also cause TD.",clozapine,TD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [79]}}"
OBJECTIVE: Clozapine causes few extrapyramidal symptoms and is recommended as a treatment drug for severe tardive dyskinesia (TD).,Clozapine,extrapyramidal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [20]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"All-trans retinoic acid-induced focal myositis, synovitis, and mononeuritis.",All-trans retinoic acid,focal myositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [46]}}"
"All-trans retinoic acid-induced focal myositis, synovitis, and mononeuritis.",All-trans retinoic acid,mononeuritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"All-trans retinoic acid-induced focal myositis, synovitis, and mononeuritis.",All-trans retinoic acid,synovitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [57]}}"
"Here we report a patient with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed acute focal myositis, synovitis, and possible vasculitis, after receiving all-trans retinoic acid therapy.",all-trans retinoic acid,acute focal myositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [109]}}"
"Here we report a patient with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed acute focal myositis, synovitis, and possible vasculitis, after receiving all-trans retinoic acid therapy.",all-trans retinoic acid,possible vasculitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"Here we report a patient with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed acute focal myositis, synovitis, and possible vasculitis, after receiving all-trans retinoic acid therapy.",all-trans retinoic acid,synovitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [120]}}"
"BACKGROUND: To assess the nature, incidence, and risk factors of retinopathy associated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients.",pegylated interferon,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"BACKGROUND: To assess the nature, incidence, and risk factors of retinopathy associated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients.",ribavirin,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [76]}}"
CONCLUSION: Significant ocular complications such as an irreversible decrease of visual acuity may develop in patients treated with pegylated interferon.,pegylated interferon,irreversible decrease of visual acuity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [94]}}"
CONCLUSION: Significant ocular complications such as an irreversible decrease of visual acuity may develop in patients treated with pegylated interferon.,pegylated interferon,ocular complications,"{'drug': {'start_char': [132], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Retinopathy in hepatitis C patients due to combination therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin.,pegylated interferon,Retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Retinopathy in hepatitis C patients due to combination therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin.,ribavirin,Retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}}"
Administration of cisplatin in three patients with carboplatin hypersensitivity: is skin testing useful?,carboplatin,hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Hypersensitivity to carboplatin has been reported in up to 44% of patients receiving this antineoplastic agent, usually occurring after several courses of treatment.",carboplatin,Hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Prick tests and intradermal tests with a series of dilutions of carboplatin and cisplatin were performed on three patients who had exhibited medium and severe hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin.,carboplatin,severe hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [64, 189], 'end_char': [75, 200]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [175]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,Aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,Aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [103], 'end_char': [115]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [212]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [195]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [137], 'end_char': [155]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [212]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [195]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [95]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [212]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [195]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [106]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",sulfamethoxazole,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [212]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"CONCLUSION: A 37-year-old African- American man with G6PD deficiency developed hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, orthostatic hypotension, and aseptic meningitis simultaneously after using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.",trimethoprim,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [195]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [131]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,difficulty with speech,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [177]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,difficulty with speech,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [177]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,headaches,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,headaches,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,itching on the trunk,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [213]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,itching on the trunk,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [193], 'end_char': [213]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,maculopapular rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [244], 'end_char': [262]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,maculopapular rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [244], 'end_char': [262]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",sulfamethoxazole,weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [48]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"He had been taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for approximately eight days when he revisited his family physician, complaining of headaches, dizziness, difficulty with speech, weakness, and itching on the trunk of his body and legs, where a maculopapular rash was noted.",trimethoprim,weakness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",sulfamethoxazole,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",trimethoprim,aseptic meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",sulfamethoxazole,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",trimethoprim,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [81]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",sulfamethoxazole,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",trimethoprim,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [83], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",sulfamethoxazole,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [172], 'end_char': [188]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"PURPOSE: The case of a patient who developed aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension simultaneously during treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is described.",trimethoprim,orthostatic hypotension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [171]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [121]}}"
"A patient, while on intravenous ritodrine therapy for preterm labor, experienced an episode of acute chest pain.",ritodrine,acute chest pain,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"The electrocardiogram (ECG), which was read as normal prior to ritodrine infusion, demonstrated a type I second-degree AV block which disappeared upon discontinuation of ritodrine therapy.",ritodrine,type I second-degree AV block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63, 170], 'end_char': [72, 179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"The electrocardiogram (ECG), which was read as normal prior to ritodrine infusion, demonstrated a type I second-degree AV block which disappeared upon discontinuation of ritodrine therapy.",ritodrine,type I second-degree AV block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63, 170], 'end_char': [72, 179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [127]}}"
"Type I second-degree AV block (Mobitz type I, Wenckebach AV block) during ritodrine therapy for preterm labor.",ritodrine,Mobitz type I,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Type I second-degree AV block (Mobitz type I, Wenckebach AV block) during ritodrine therapy for preterm labor.",ritodrine,Type I second-degree AV block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"Type I second-degree AV block (Mobitz type I, Wenckebach AV block) during ritodrine therapy for preterm labor.",ritodrine,Wenckebach AV block,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [83]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Exacerbation of anthracycline-induced early chronic cardiomyopathy with ATRA: role of B-type natriuretic peptide as an indicator of cardiac dysfunction.,anthracycline,early chronic cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [66]}}"
We report the case of a 14-year-old female with acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed symptomatic cardiomyopathy only 4 months into treatment with a combination of daunomycin and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).,all-trans retinoic acid,symptomatic cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [207]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [117]}}"
We report the case of a 14-year-old female with acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed symptomatic cardiomyopathy only 4 months into treatment with a combination of daunomycin and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).,ATRA,symptomatic cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [209], 'end_char': [213]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [117]}}"
We report the case of a 14-year-old female with acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed symptomatic cardiomyopathy only 4 months into treatment with a combination of daunomycin and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).,daunomycin,symptomatic cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [169], 'end_char': [179]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [117]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: We present a case of a patient with CML who developed KS 12 months after starting treatment with imatinib 400 mg/d.,imatinib,KS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [69]}}"
"Flare of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is well described in immunosuppressed patients treated with corticosteroids and rituximab, but has not yet been reported during treatment with imatinib.",rituximab,Kaposi's sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Flare of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is well described in immunosuppressed patients treated with corticosteroids and rituximab, but has not yet been reported during treatment with imatinib.",rituximab,KS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [29]}}"
Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient treated with imatinib mesylate for chronic myeloid leukemia.,imatinib mesylate,Kaposi's sarcoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [60]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
OBJECTIVE: We report a case of cutaneous KS lesions in a patient affected by CML treated with imatinib.,imatinib,cutaneous KS lesions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [51]}}"
Bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy complicating therapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside in children with leukemia.,cytosine arabinoside,Bulbar,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
Bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy complicating therapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside in children with leukemia.,cytosine arabinoside,pseudobulbar palsy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [86]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [29]}}"
"Interferon-based treatments have the potential to decrease the burden of disease, but are complicated by side effects, including neuropsychiatric symptoms.",Interferon,neuropsychiatric symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [154]}}"
"Interferon-induced psychosis as a ""psychiatric contraindication"" to hepatitis C treatment: a review and case-based discussion.",Interferon,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}}"
METHOD: The authors followed a patient with chronic HCV who received interferon and ribavirin and who developed hallucinations ultimately requiring psychiatric hospitalization.,interferon,hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [126]}}"
METHOD: The authors followed a patient with chronic HCV who received interferon and ribavirin and who developed hallucinations ultimately requiring psychiatric hospitalization.,ribavirin,hallucinations,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [93]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [126]}}"
OBJECTIVE: The authors described a case of interferon-induced psychosis as a framework to review the literature and discuss the decision to pursue antiviral treatment in psychiatrically ill patients with hepatitis C.,interferon,psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [53]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [71]}}"
CONCLUSION: Zidovudine is well a known cause of anaemia and thus should be used with caution in the initiation of antiretroviral therapy.,Zidovudine,anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [55]}}"
We report a case of Zidovudine induced anaemia and bone marrow aplasia in a patient infected with HIV.,Zidovudine,anaemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [46]}}"
We report a case of Zidovudine induced anaemia and bone marrow aplasia in a patient infected with HIV.,Zidovudine,bone marrow aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Zidovudine induced pure red cell aplasia: a case report.,Zidovudine,pure red cell aplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [40]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT and AO detected abnormalities that correlate topographically with visual field loss from hydroxychloroquine toxicity as demonstrated by HVF 10-2 and may be useful in the detection of subclinical abnormalities that precede symptoms or objective visual field loss.,hydroxychloroquine,objective visual field loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [254], 'end_char': [281]}}"
CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT and AO detected abnormalities that correlate topographically with visual field loss from hydroxychloroquine toxicity as demonstrated by HVF 10-2 and may be useful in the detection of subclinical abnormalities that precede symptoms or objective visual field loss.,hydroxychloroquine,visual field loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [109], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [86, 264], 'end_char': [103, 281]}}"
PURPOSE: To describe spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO) imaging in hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity.,hydroxychloroquine,retinal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [146]}}"
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and adaptive optics may detect hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity before symptomatic vision loss.,hydroxychloroquine,retinal toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [76], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [111]}}"
Transient trazodone-induced hypomanic symptoms occurred in three depressed patients.,trazodone,hypomanic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [19]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Trazodone-induced transient hypomanic symptoms and their management.,Trazodone,transient hypomanic symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [46]}}"
Introduction of etanercept was also clinically effective but followed by development of severe heart failure.,etanercept,severe heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [108]}}"
Reversible heart failure in a patient receiving etanercept for ankylosing spondylitis.,etanercept,Reversible heart failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Combining methylephedrine and Chinese herbal drugs might carry a risk of stroke.,methylephedrine,stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [25]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"We describe a patient who experienced chronic nausea and an episode of confusion while treated with a small, stable dose of oral morphine in the setting of mild renal insufficiency.",morphine,chronic nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}}"
"We describe a patient who experienced chronic nausea and an episode of confusion while treated with a small, stable dose of oral morphine in the setting of mild renal insufficiency.",morphine,confusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [137]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [80]}}"
"Common adverse events (frequency 10%) of lacosamide doses up to 600 mg/day include nonspecific central nervous system effects (e.g., dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, and somnolence).",lacosamide,ataxia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [150]}}"
"Common adverse events (frequency 10%) of lacosamide doses up to 600 mg/day include nonspecific central nervous system effects (e.g., dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, and somnolence).",lacosamide,diplopia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [160]}}"
"Common adverse events (frequency 10%) of lacosamide doses up to 600 mg/day include nonspecific central nervous system effects (e.g., dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, and somnolence).",lacosamide,dizziness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"Common adverse events (frequency 10%) of lacosamide doses up to 600 mg/day include nonspecific central nervous system effects (e.g., dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, and somnolence).",lacosamide,somnolence,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [176]}}"
A case of aseptic pleuropericarditis in a patient with chronic plaque psoriasis under methotrexate therapy.,methotrexate,aseptic pleuropericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Methotrexate may rarely provoke serositis, even with low doses and after just a few weeks of therapy.",Methotrexate,serositis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}}"
We report here a rare case of pleuropericarditis due to methotrexate.,methotrexate,pleuropericarditis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [68]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"The authors report five cases of tremor related to itraconazole therapy, which occurred within 1-12 months of initiating treatment and resolved gradually following itraconazole withdrawal.",itraconazole,tremor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 164], 'end_char': [63, 176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"The authors report five cases of tremor related to itraconazole therapy, which occurred within 1-12 months of initiating treatment and resolved gradually following itraconazole withdrawal.",itraconazole,tremor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 164], 'end_char': [63, 176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [39]}}"
Tremor: a newly described adverse event with long-term itraconazole therapy.,itraconazole,Tremor,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
Acute kidney injury caused by zonisamide-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.,zonisamide,Acute kidney injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
Acute kidney injury caused by zonisamide-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.,zonisamide,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Hypersensitivity to zonisamide was confirmed by the skin patch test.,zonisamide,Hypersensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,acute kidney injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [127], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [219], 'end_char': [280]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [178]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,high-grade fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [164]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,liver dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [180], 'end_char': [197]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,lymphadenopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [199], 'end_char': [214]}}"
"The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfunction, lymphadenopathy and an increase in antihuman herpesvirus-6 immunoglobulin G titer.",zonisamide,skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [125]}}"
This is the first report of acute kidney injury due to zonisamide-induced DRESS/DIHS.,zonisamide,acute kidney injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [47]}}"
This is the first report of acute kidney injury due to zonisamide-induced DRESS/DIHS.,zonisamide,DIHS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [84]}}"
This is the first report of acute kidney injury due to zonisamide-induced DRESS/DIHS.,zonisamide,DRESS,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Only two case reports of adults with allergic contact dermatitis to this chemical exist in the literature, and we describe three more cases of children with recalcitrant atopic dermatitis found to have potential allergic contact dermatitis to bisabolol- a component of the Aquaphor emollient they were using to treat their atopic dermatitis.",bisabolol,allergic contact dermatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [243], 'end_char': [252]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37, 212], 'end_char': [64, 239]}}"
Case report: acute renal failure after administering intravenous immunoglobulin.,immunoglobulin,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [32]}}"
The hospital course of the acute renal failure is presented with a review of the literature on cases of acute renal failure after IVIG.,IVIG,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [130], 'end_char': [134]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27, 104], 'end_char': [46, 123]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",immunoglobulin,azotemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",IVIG,azotemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [212], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",immunoglobulin,hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",IVIG,hyperkalemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [212], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [146]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",immunoglobulin,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",IVIG,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [212], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [97]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",immunoglobulin,shortness of breath,"{'drug': {'start_char': [196], 'end_char': [210]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"We report the case of an 87-year-old white woman with myasthenia gravis who presented with nausea, shortness of breath, azotemia, and hyperkalemia shortly after completing a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",IVIG,shortness of breath,"{'drug': {'start_char': [212], 'end_char': [216]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [118]}}"
"However, the use of lithium should be avoided with any patient who is purging, since it may exacerbate the loss of intracellular potassium, thereby increasing the risk of cardiac toxicity.",lithium,cardiac toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [171], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"However, the use of lithium should be avoided with any patient who is purging, since it may exacerbate the loss of intracellular potassium, thereby increasing the risk of cardiac toxicity.",lithium,loss of intracellular potassium,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [138]}}"
Severe vancomycin-induced anaphylactic reaction.,vancomycin,anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [47]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,anaphylactoid,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [271], 'end_char': [284]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,anaphylaxis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [326], 'end_char': [337]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,blood disorders,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [205], 'end_char': [220]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,gastrointestinal disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [203]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,hypersensitivity reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [239], 'end_char': [265]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,nephrotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [159]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [161], 'end_char': [172]}}"
"Vancomycin is widely used against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, but it is associated with many adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, blood disorders, and two types of hypersensitivity reactions - an anaphylactoid reaction known as ""red man syndrome"" and anaphylaxis.",Vancomycin,red man syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [304], 'end_char': [320]}}"
We report a case of a 23-year-old man who developed a vancomycin-induced anaphylactic reaction in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.,vancomycin,anaphylactic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [94]}}"
Four patients in whom pulmonary oedema developed during tocolysis with hexoprenaline are described and the aetiological factors and pathogenesis of this potentially lethal complication discussed.,hexoprenaline,pulmonary oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [71], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Pulmonary oedema after hexoprenaline administration in preterm labour.,hexoprenaline,Pulmonary oedema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Fatal interstitial lung disease after erlotinib administration in a patient with radiation fibrosis.,erlotinib,Fatal interstitial lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"High-resolution computed tomography scan findings were consistent with ILD, which was sufficient to diagnose as erlotinib-induced ILD.",erlotinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [71, 130], 'end_char': [74, 133]}}"
"INTRODUCTION: Although gefitinib used for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer is a well-known cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD), few case reports on erlotinib-induced ILD have been issued.",gefitinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138, 182], 'end_char': [141, 185]}}"
"INTRODUCTION: Although gefitinib used for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer is a well-known cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD), few case reports on erlotinib-induced ILD have been issued.",erlotinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [138, 182], 'end_char': [141, 185]}}"
"INTRODUCTION: Although gefitinib used for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer is a well-known cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD), few case reports on erlotinib-induced ILD have been issued.",gefitinib,interstitial lung disease,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [136]}}"
"RESULTS: We recently experienced a case of fatal erlotinib-induced ILD, diagnosed based on clinical and radiologic findings, which occurred in a patient with radiation fibrosis.",erlotinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [70]}}"
"This case had radiation fibrosis, so we suggest that radiation fibrosis may be another contributor of the occurrence of ILD in patients taking erlotinib.",erlotinib,ILD,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [123]}}"
"One patient suffered coronary artery vasospasm, attributed to the use of topical 1:1000 epinephrine during surgery.",epinephrine,coronary artery vasospasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [99]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [46]}}"
The other patient developed transient intraoperative hypertension immediately after inadvertent submucosal injection of concentrated epinephrine.,epinephrine,transient intraoperative hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [144]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [65]}}"
Cisplatin-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in a patient with neuroendocrine tumor of the cervix: a case report and review of the literature.,Cisplatin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [71]}}"
Cisplatin-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in a patient with neuroendocrine tumor of the cervix: a case report and review of the literature.,Cisplatin,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [64]}}"
We present a case of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secondary to cisplatin therapy in a patient with advanced-stage large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix.,cisplatin,SIADH,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [78]}}"
We present a case of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secondary to cisplatin therapy in a patient with advanced-stage large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix.,cisplatin,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone,"{'drug': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [71]}}"
"However, to our knowledge, in newborns there have been no reported cases to date of thrombocytosis induced by enoxaparin.",enoxaparin,thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [120]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Thrombocytosis associated with enoxaparin: A very rare cause in newborns.,enoxaparin,Thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
Thrombocytosis induced by enoxaparin has been reported as a rare adverse effect of this medication in adults.,enoxaparin,Thrombocytosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: 1) To describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving adalimumab who developed fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and extreme hyperferritinemia.",adalimumab,extreme hyperferritinemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [161]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: 1) To describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving adalimumab who developed fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and extreme hyperferritinemia.",adalimumab,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [102]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: 1) To describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving adalimumab who developed fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and extreme hyperferritinemia.",adalimumab,pancytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [116]}}"
"OBJECTIVE: 1) To describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving adalimumab who developed fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and extreme hyperferritinemia.",adalimumab,splenomegaly,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [118], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Visceral leishmaniasis and macrophagic activation syndrome in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis under treatment with adalimumab.,adalimumab,macrophagic activation syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [58]}}"
Visceral leishmaniasis and macrophagic activation syndrome in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis under treatment with adalimumab.,adalimumab,Visceral leishmaniasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [22]}}"
"This case presentation is of a patient who had the clinical appearance of epiglottitis, but actually had an oro-pharyngeal dystonic reaction to prochlorperazine.",prochlorperazine,epiglottitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [86]}}"
"This case presentation is of a patient who had the clinical appearance of epiglottitis, but actually had an oro-pharyngeal dystonic reaction to prochlorperazine.",prochlorperazine,oro-pharyngeal dystonic reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [160]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [140]}}"
Normalization of generalized retinal function and progression of maculopathy after cessation of therapy in a case of severe hydroxychloroquine retinopathy with 19 years follow-up.,hydroxychloroquine,retinopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [142]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [154]}}"
"After other potential causes of liver toxicity were excluded, TMP-SMX was determined to be the cause of his acute liver toxicity.",TMP-SMX,acute liver toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [108], 'end_char': [128]}}"
"After other potential causes of liver toxicity were excluded, TMP-SMX was determined to be the cause of his acute liver toxicity.",TMP-SMX,liver toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32, 114], 'end_char': [46, 128]}}"
"Although this combination agent has been associated with a hypersensitivity syndrome involving cutaneous skin eruptions, pediatric cases of TMP-SMX-induced hepatotoxicity are rare.",TMP-SMX,cutaneous skin eruptions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [119]}}"
"Although this combination agent has been associated with a hypersensitivity syndrome involving cutaneous skin eruptions, pediatric cases of TMP-SMX-induced hepatotoxicity are rare.",TMP-SMX,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [170]}}"
"Although this combination agent has been associated with a hypersensitivity syndrome involving cutaneous skin eruptions, pediatric cases of TMP-SMX-induced hepatotoxicity are rare.",TMP-SMX,hypersensitivity syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [147]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"Due to the increasing use of TMP-SMX in children, clinicians should be aware of this potentially life-threatening, immunemediated hypersensitivity reaction.",TMP-SMX,immunemediated hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [115], 'end_char': [155]}}"
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced hepatotoxicity in a pediatric patient.,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [52]}}"
Use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship (score of 5) between the patient's development of hepatotoxicity and the TMP-SMX therapy.,TMP-SMX,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [157]}}"
"We describe a relatively healthy, 9-year-old boy who developed a CA-MRSA skin and soft tissue infection and was treated with TMP-SMX.",TMP-SMX,soft tissue infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [132]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [103]}}"
"Amiodarone was discontinued, and thyrotoxicosis gradually abated.",Amiodarone,thyrotoxicosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [47]}}"
Goiter and hypothyroidism during re-treatment with amiodarone in a patient who previously experienced amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis.,amiodarone,Goiter,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 102], 'end_char': [61, 112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}}"
Goiter and hypothyroidism during re-treatment with amiodarone in a patient who previously experienced amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis.,amiodarone,hypothyroidism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 102], 'end_char': [61, 112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [25]}}"
Goiter and hypothyroidism during re-treatment with amiodarone in a patient who previously experienced amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis.,amiodarone,thyrotoxicosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [51, 102], 'end_char': [61, 112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [135]}}"
"BACKGROUND: Aphthous stomatitis, a common mucocutaneous disorder, is a well accepted complication of sirolimus therapy.",sirolimus,Aphthous stomatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [31]}}"
CASE: We present an 11-year old male with Budd-Chiari syndrome who experienced profound worsening of chronic aphthous ulcers after immunosuppressive therapy was changed from tacrolimus to sirolimus.,sirolimus,worsening of chronic aphthous ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [188], 'end_char': [197]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [124]}}"
CASE: We present an 11-year old male with Budd-Chiari syndrome who experienced profound worsening of chronic aphthous ulcers after immunosuppressive therapy was changed from tacrolimus to sirolimus.,tacrolimus,worsening of chronic aphthous ulcers,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Severe aphthous stomatitis associated with oral calcineurin and mTOR inhibitors.,calcineurin,Severe aphthous stomatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
"These findings mean that the effect of the MP pulse therapy on renal function depends on the clinical state of the patient and that renal deterioration after the pulse therapy may be more marked in patients who are more nephrotic and more impaired in renal function and suggest that increasing sodium and water retention during an MP therapy and the associated renal interstitial edema, proposed as one of the mechanisms of acute renal failure occurring in patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, may be responsible for the MP-induced transient renal failure.",MP,transient renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43, 331, 533], 'end_char': [45, 333, 535]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [544], 'end_char': [567]}}"
Three nephrotic patients who had reduced renal function and active renal disease with progressive deterioration of renal function prior to the use of MP developed transient renal failure following an MP pulse therapy.,MP,transient renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150, 200], 'end_char': [152, 202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [186]}}"
Three nephrotic patients who had reduced renal function and active renal disease with progressive deterioration of renal function prior to the use of MP developed transient renal failure following an MP pulse therapy.,MP,transient renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [150, 200], 'end_char': [152, 202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [163], 'end_char': [186]}}"
"A 67-year-old patient, with primary polymyositis and without previous evidence of liver disease, developed clinical and biochemical features of severe cholestasis 3 months after initiation of azathioprine therapy.",azathioprine,severe cholestasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [204]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [162]}}"
It is believed that this is the first reported case of reversible azathioprine-induced cholestasis associated with histological evidence of bile duct injury.,azathioprine,cholestasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [98]}}"
Reversible cholestasis with bile duct injury following azathioprine therapy.,azathioprine,bile duct injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [44]}}"
Reversible cholestasis with bile duct injury following azathioprine therapy.,azathioprine,cholestasis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [11], 'end_char': [22]}}"
A case of the Rett syndrome with acute encephalopathy induced during calcium hopantenate treatment.,calcium hopantenate,acute encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [53]}}"
We report a girl with the Rett syndrome who had acute encephalopathy probably induced by calcium hopantenate (HOPA).,calcium hopantenate,acute encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [68]}}"
We report a girl with the Rett syndrome who had acute encephalopathy probably induced by calcium hopantenate (HOPA).,HOPA,acute encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [68]}}"
Persistent light reactivity from systemic quinine.,quinine,Persistent light reactivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
The photosensitivity is still present 3 years after the withdrawal of quinine.,quinine,photosensitivity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"Two cases are reported of patients who developed a hematologic malignancy several years after intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder cancer with etoglucid, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C.",doxorubicin,hematologic malignancy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [177]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"Two cases are reported of patients who developed a hematologic malignancy several years after intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder cancer with etoglucid, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C.",etoglucid,hematologic malignancy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [164]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [73]}}"
"Two cases are reported of patients who developed a hematologic malignancy several years after intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder cancer with etoglucid, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C.",mitomycin C,hematologic malignancy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [183], 'end_char': [194]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [51], 'end_char': [73]}}"
A patient with Wegener's granulomatosis rapidly developed a circumferential subglottic stenosis while on a cyclophosphamide regimen that had caused resolution of systemic symptoms and pulmonary infiltrates.,cyclophosphamide,circumferential subglottic stenosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [123]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [95]}}"
Subglottic stenosis in Wegener's granulomatosis: development during cyclophosphamide treatment with response to carbon dioxide laser therapy.,cyclophosphamide,Subglottic stenosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [19]}}"
A case is described of severe splenic hemorrhage and rupture which developed 3 h after completion of tPA infusion for suspected acute myocardial infarction.,tPA,severe splenic hemorrhage and rupture,"{'drug': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [60]}}"
Splenic hemorrhage: a complication of tissue plasminogen activator treatment.,tissue plasminogen activator,Splenic hemorrhage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [66]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute myocardial infarction may result in major bleeding complications such as gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding.,tissue plasminogen activator,gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [185]}}"
Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute myocardial infarction may result in major bleeding complications such as gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding.,tPA,gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [185]}}"
A case of severe acute hepatitis caused by cyproterone acetate in a 71 year old man with prostatic carcinoma is reported with a review of the literature on hepatic reactions to this drug.,cyproterone acetate,severe acute hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Monitoring of liver function tests should be mandatory in patients receiving high doses of cyproterone acetate; the drug should be withdrawn immediately if abnormal liver function tests are found.,cyproterone acetate,abnormal liver function tests,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [110]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [156], 'end_char': [185]}}"
Severe hepatitis caused by cyproterone acetate.,cyproterone acetate,Severe hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [46]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
"A unique case of a transient, nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption caused by the radiopaque contrast medium iothalamate is reported.",iothalamate,fixed drug eruption,"{'drug': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [116]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [63]}}"
One patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed erythema multiforme after taking griseofulvin.,griseofulvin,erythema multiforme,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [75]}}"
"Aminoglutethimide was discontinued until completion of radiotherapy, and the rash resolved.",Aminoglutethimide,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [81]}}"
Concomitant irradiation apparently enhanced the skin toxicity of aminoglutethimide or possibly aminoglutethimide had a radiosensitizing role in this patient.,aminoglutethimide,skin toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65, 95], 'end_char': [82, 112]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [61]}}"
We report a case of radiotherapy-enhanced aminoglutethimide skin toxicity in a patient with metastatic breast cancer.,aminoglutethimide,skin toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [60], 'end_char': [73]}}"
Data have been published regarding the possibility that tamoxifen may be responsible for the subsequent development of carcinoma of the corpus uteri in these patients.,tamoxifen,carcinoma of the corpus uteri,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [119], 'end_char': [148]}}"
The authors intend to carry out a case-control study on patients treated with tamoxifen for breast carcinoma to reveal the possible presence of endometrial carcinoma.,tamoxifen,endometrial carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [144], 'end_char': [165]}}"
Disulfiram-induced hepatitis.,Disulfiram,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,eosinophilia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [78]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,headache,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,mild fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,nausea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [44]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"Our patient had headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and eosinophilia after 3 weeks of disulfiram therapy.",disulfiram,vomiting,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [106]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [54]}}"
We reported a case of disulfiram-induced hepatitis with unique clinical features and compared our case with others in the literature.,disulfiram,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"An episode of leukoencephalopathy is reported in a 13-year-old girl who, after standard radiotherapy for a posterior fossa medulloblastoma, received 8 treatments with a protocol containing a 4-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2 methotrexate and 12 mg intrathecal methotrexate.",methotrexate,leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [220, 255], 'end_char': [232, 267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [33]}}"
"An episode of leukoencephalopathy is reported in a 13-year-old girl who, after standard radiotherapy for a posterior fossa medulloblastoma, received 8 treatments with a protocol containing a 4-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2 methotrexate and 12 mg intrathecal methotrexate.",methotrexate,leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [220, 255], 'end_char': [232, 267]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [33]}}"
Methotrexate-induced leukoencephalopathy is treatable with high-dose folinic acid: a case report and analysis of the literature.,Methotrexate,leukoencephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [40]}}"
Severe heparin associated thrombocytopenia is a rare complication of heparin therapy.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7, 69], 'end_char': [14, 76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Severe heparin associated thrombocytopenia is a rare complication of heparin therapy.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [7, 69], 'end_char': [14, 76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [42]}}"
We report a patient who developed heparin associated thrombocytopenia during continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration and discuss its implications and alternative anticoagulant treatment.,heparin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [69]}}"
Acute aluminum toxicity after continuous intravesical alum irrigation for hemorrhagic cystitis.,alum,aluminum toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [6, 54], 'end_char': [10, 58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [23]}}"
An encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy developed in a seventeen-year-old girl with chemotherapy-induced renal failure while receiving an intravesical aluminum infusion for hemorrhagic cystitis.,aluminum,cardiomyopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [36]}}"
An encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy developed in a seventeen-year-old girl with chemotherapy-induced renal failure while receiving an intravesical aluminum infusion for hemorrhagic cystitis.,aluminum,encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [148], 'end_char': [156]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [3], 'end_char': [17]}}"
"A 62-year-old woman who was being treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck developed a chemotherapy-related hemolytic-uremic syndrome during the second cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, bleomycin, and methotrexate.",bleomycin,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [227], 'end_char': [236]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [149]}}"
"A 62-year-old woman who was being treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck developed a chemotherapy-related hemolytic-uremic syndrome during the second cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, bleomycin, and methotrexate.",cisplatin,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [216], 'end_char': [225]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [149]}}"
"A 62-year-old woman who was being treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck developed a chemotherapy-related hemolytic-uremic syndrome during the second cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, bleomycin, and methotrexate.",methotrexate,hemolytic-uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [242], 'end_char': [254]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [124], 'end_char': [149]}}"
Awareness of this route of intoxication might be important in patients in whom neurologic or psychiatric symptoms develop while large amounts of lidocaine cream are being used.,lidocaine,psychiatric symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [154]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [113]}}"
Nitrendipine-induced gingival hyperplasia.,Nitrendipine,gingival hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [41]}}"
Nitrendipine is an experimental calcium channel blocking agent that also appears to cause the side effect of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.,Nitrendipine,gingival hyperplasia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [142]}}"
"Physicians using this ""new"" drug must be aware of the potential danger of sulfonamide-induced injury to the urinary tract.",sulfonamide,injury to the urinary tract,"{'drug': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [85]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [121]}}"
Sulfadiazine crystalluria revisited.,Sulfadiazine,crystalluria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"We describe two cases of sulfadiazine-induced crystalluria and renal failure in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, review the pertinent literature, and discuss the pathogenesis.",sulfadiazine,crystalluria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [58]}}"
"We describe two cases of sulfadiazine-induced crystalluria and renal failure in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, review the pertinent literature, and discuss the pathogenesis.",sulfadiazine,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Glaucoma secondary to epithelial downgrowth and 5-fluorouracil.,5-fluorouracil,Glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}}"
We report a case of secondary glaucoma caused by epithelial downgrowth in which filtration surgery was performed with adjunctive use of subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil.,5-fluorouracil,glaucoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [152], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Antacid and sucralfate-induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia: a case report and review of the literature.,sucralfate,hypophosphatemic osteomalacia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [60]}}"
"Because of a hypersensitivity reaction, initial therapy with penicillin G and gentamicin was stopped and substituted with cefazolin.",gentamicin,hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [38]}}"
"Because of a hypersensitivity reaction, initial therapy with penicillin G and gentamicin was stopped and substituted with cefazolin.",penicillin G,hypersensitivity reaction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [38]}}"
Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severe brain damage was detected in an infant whose mother had been treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).,azathioprine,brain damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severe brain damage was detected in an infant whose mother had been treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).,prednisolone,brain damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [64], 'end_char': [76]}}"
Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severe brain damage was detected in an infant whose mother had been treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).,azathioprine,Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [167]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severe brain damage was detected in an infant whose mother had been treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).,prednisolone,Prenatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [], 'end_char': []}}"
Acute coronary events following cisplatin-based chemotherapy.,cisplatin,Acute coronary events,"{'drug': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Six patients with no previous signs or symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease developed acute coronary ischemia/infarction shortly after cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II (cisplatin) -based chemotherapy.,cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II,acute coronary ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Six patients with no previous signs or symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease developed acute coronary ischemia/infarction shortly after cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II (cisplatin) -based chemotherapy.,cisplatin,acute coronary ischemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [119]}}"
Six patients with no previous signs or symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease developed acute coronary ischemia/infarction shortly after cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II (cisplatin) -based chemotherapy.,cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II,infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [145], 'end_char': [176]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Six patients with no previous signs or symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease developed acute coronary ischemia/infarction shortly after cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum II (cisplatin) -based chemotherapy.,cisplatin,infarction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [187]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Bowel perforation associated with intraperitoneal chromic phosphate instillation.,chromic phosphate,Bowel perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Delayed bowel injury is an infrequently observed complication of chromic phosphate administration.,chromic phosphate,bowel injury,"{'drug': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [82]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [8], 'end_char': [20]}}"
This report presents a case of colon perforation which occurred 4 months after treatment with intraperitoneal chromic phosphate for stage IB ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma.,chromic phosphate,colon perforation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [127]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [31], 'end_char': [48]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,Ara-C,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [216]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,MTX,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [216]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,Ara-C,loss of consciousness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [150]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,MTX,loss of consciousness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [129], 'end_char': [150]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,Ara-C,progressive visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [184], 'end_char': [189]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [124]}}"
Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks.,MTX,progressive visual loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [85], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101], 'end_char': [124]}}"
A 59-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis who received a large dose of pyridostigmine bromide developed postoperative psychosis and was diagnosed as having bromide intoxication.,pyridostigmine bromide,bromide intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [157], 'end_char': [177]}}"
A 59-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis who received a large dose of pyridostigmine bromide developed postoperative psychosis and was diagnosed as having bromide intoxication.,pyridostigmine bromide,postoperative psychosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [94]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [105], 'end_char': [128]}}"
Bromide intoxication secondary to pyridostigmine bromide therapy.,pyridostigmine bromide,Bromide intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [56]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
"To our knowledge , this is the first reported case of bromide intoxication due to pyridostigmine bromide administration.",pyridostigmine bromide,bromide intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [104]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Diazepam use by pregnant women can be associated with a later presentation of withdrawal symptoms in the neonate than that induced by the use of other drugs.,Diazepam,withdrawal symptoms,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [97]}}"
We conclude that neurosurgeons and neurologists should be aware of calcium antagonist--related ileus in patients treated with nimodipine.,nimodipine,ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [126], 'end_char': [136]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [100]}}"
"We report on a patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage who developed an acute life-threatening pseudo-obstruction of the colon, a variant of adynamic ileus, while being treated with intravenous nimodipine.",nimodipine,adynamic ileus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"We report on a patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage who developed an acute life-threatening pseudo-obstruction of the colon, a variant of adynamic ileus, while being treated with intravenous nimodipine.",nimodipine,pseudo-obstruction of the colon,"{'drug': {'start_char': [192], 'end_char': [202]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [93], 'end_char': [124]}}"
After discontinuation of danazol the diabetes completely resolved.,danazol,diabetes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with danazol.,danazol,Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus developed in a young woman 8 weeks after the initiation of danazol for treatment of pelvic endometriosis.,danazol,Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [102]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [35]}}"
An 83-year-old man receiving glipizide 10 mg bid developed symptomatic hypoglycemia within three days of adding trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) to his regimen.,glipizide,symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [38]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
An 83-year-old man receiving glipizide 10 mg bid developed symptomatic hypoglycemia within three days of adding trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) to his regimen.,SMX,symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [147], 'end_char': [150]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
An 83-year-old man receiving glipizide 10 mg bid developed symptomatic hypoglycemia within three days of adding trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) to his regimen.,sulfamethoxazole,symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [141]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
An 83-year-old man receiving glipizide 10 mg bid developed symptomatic hypoglycemia within three days of adding trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) to his regimen.,TMP,symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [143], 'end_char': [146]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
An 83-year-old man receiving glipizide 10 mg bid developed symptomatic hypoglycemia within three days of adding trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) to his regimen.,trimethoprim,symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Symptomatic hypoglycemia secondary to a glipizide-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole drug interaction.,glipizide,Symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [49]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Symptomatic hypoglycemia secondary to a glipizide-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole drug interaction.,sulfamethoxazole,Symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [79]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
Symptomatic hypoglycemia secondary to a glipizide-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole drug interaction.,trimethoprim,Symptomatic hypoglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [24]}}"
"A sixty-year-old woman with advanced breast cancer, previously treated with cisplatin, developed an irreversible lethal renal failure with anuria, the day after 5 g/m2 bolus ifosfamide.",ifosfamide,anuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [145]}}"
"A sixty-year-old woman with advanced breast cancer, previously treated with cisplatin, developed an irreversible lethal renal failure with anuria, the day after 5 g/m2 bolus ifosfamide.",ifosfamide,irreversible lethal renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [174], 'end_char': [184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [100], 'end_char': [133]}}"
Ifosfamide is a known nephrotoxic drug with demonstrated tubulopathies.,Ifosfamide,tubulopathies,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [70]}}"
Lethal anuria complicating high dose ifosfamide chemotherapy in a breast cancer patient with an impaired renal function.,ifosfamide,Lethal anuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
"We strongly suspect that this lethal anuria was mainly due to ifosfamide, occurring in a patient having received previous cisplatin chemotherapy and with poor kidney perfusion due to transient hypotension.",ifosfamide,lethal anuria,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [43]}}"
Ciprofloxacin is one drug that has been reported to cause interstitial nephritis.,Ciprofloxacin,interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [80]}}"
Renal toxicities have been reported in less than one percent of the patients receiving ciprofloxacin therapy.,ciprofloxacin,Renal toxicities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [16]}}"
Suspected ciprofloxacin-induced interstitial nephritis.,ciprofloxacin,interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [23]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [32], 'end_char': [54]}}"
This article describes a patient with suspected ciprofloxacin-induced interstitial nephritis.,ciprofloxacin,interstitial nephritis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [61]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"In a female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, inadvertent doxorubicin administration intrathecally caused severe, life-threatening, acute encephalopathy with high-pressure hydrocephalus.",doxorubicin,acute encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [133], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"In a female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, inadvertent doxorubicin administration intrathecally caused severe, life-threatening, acute encephalopathy with high-pressure hydrocephalus.",doxorubicin,high-pressure hydrocephalus,"{'drug': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [159], 'end_char': [186]}}"
Severe acute encephalopathy following inadvertent intrathecal doxorubicin administration.,doxorubicin,Severe acute encephalopathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Phenobarbital hepatotoxicity in an 8-month-old infant.,Phenobarbital,hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Severe hepatotoxicity from phenobarbital occurred in an infant boy who had a complicated illness with chronic bilateral subdural hematomas and sepsis.,phenobarbital,Severe hepatotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [40]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
"Skin rash began after 2 weeks of treatment, and signs of hepatocellular failure developed 3 weeks after phenobarbital had been started.",phenobarbital,hepatocellular failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [79]}}"
"Skin rash began after 2 weeks of treatment, and signs of hepatocellular failure developed 3 weeks after phenobarbital had been started.",phenobarbital,Skin rash,"{'drug': {'start_char': [104], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Atenolol-induced pseudolymphoma.,Atenolol,pseudolymphoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [31]}}"
"Although tardive dyskinesia is a known adverse reaction of sustained treatment with traditional neuroleptic agents, it was only rarely reported in association with sulpiride, a selective D2-receptor antagonist.",sulpiride,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [164], 'end_char': [173]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [27]}}"
Tardive dyskinesia induced by sulpiride.,sulpiride,Tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [18]}}"
These cases indicate that sulpiride can cause tardive dyskinesia and that this drug should be administered with caution.,sulpiride,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [46], 'end_char': [64]}}"
We describe six patients who developed tardive dyskinesia after treatment with sulpiride for depression or gastrointestinal symptoms.,sulpiride,tardive dyskinesia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [79], 'end_char': [88]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [57]}}"
A patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis developed ascites while taking weekly doses of methotrexate (MTX).,methotrexate,ascites,"{'drug': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [108]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [66]}}"
A patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis developed ascites while taking weekly doses of methotrexate (MTX).,MTX,ascites,"{'drug': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [113]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [66]}}"
Hepatitis with bridging fibrosis and reversible hepatic insufficiency in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate.,methotrexate,bridging fibrosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Hepatitis with bridging fibrosis and reversible hepatic insufficiency in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate.,methotrexate,Hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Hepatitis with bridging fibrosis and reversible hepatic insufficiency in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate.,methotrexate,reversible hepatic insufficiency,"{'drug': {'start_char': [114], 'end_char': [126]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [69]}}"
This is the third report of reversible hepatic decompensation associated with prolonged MTX therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.,MTX,hepatic decompensation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [88], 'end_char': [91]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [61]}}"
"Upon discontinuation of MTX, her ascites resolved, and her arthritis became more active.",MTX,ascites,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [40]}}"
"Although high-dose methotrexate has been shown to be useful in the treatment of primary osteogenic sarcoma, the tumoricidal effects of therapy appear to have caused a fatal rise in intracranial pressure.",methotrexate,fatal rise in intracranial pressure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [31]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [167], 'end_char': [202]}}"
A patient with intracranial osteosarcoma that arose 16 years after radiation therapy for hereditary retinoblastoma developed fatal cerebral edema and brainstem herniation after she received a single dose of intravenous methotrexate.,methotrexate,brainstem herniation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [219], 'end_char': [231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [150], 'end_char': [170]}}"
A patient with intracranial osteosarcoma that arose 16 years after radiation therapy for hereditary retinoblastoma developed fatal cerebral edema and brainstem herniation after she received a single dose of intravenous methotrexate.,methotrexate,fatal cerebral edema,"{'drug': {'start_char': [219], 'end_char': [231]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [125], 'end_char': [145]}}"
Transtentorial herniation caused by an intracranial mass lesion following high-dose methotrexate.,methotrexate,intracranial mass lesion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [63]}}"
Transtentorial herniation caused by an intracranial mass lesion following high-dose methotrexate.,methotrexate,Transtentorial herniation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [84], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following acyclovir therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus.",acyclovir,Fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [5]}}"
"Fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following acyclovir therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus.",acyclovir,pleural effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"Fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following acyclovir therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus.",acyclovir,pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [70]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [7], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Following the institution of intravenous therapy with acyclovir, the patient developed fever, hemoptysis, and a pleural friction rub.",acyclovir,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [87], 'end_char': [92]}}"
"Following the institution of intravenous therapy with acyclovir, the patient developed fever, hemoptysis, and a pleural friction rub.",acyclovir,hemoptysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [94], 'end_char': [104]}}"
"Following the institution of intravenous therapy with acyclovir, the patient developed fever, hemoptysis, and a pleural friction rub.",acyclovir,pleural friction rub,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [63]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [132]}}"
"The fever abated promptly following discontinuation of acyclovir, and radiographic abnormalities resolved over ten days.",acyclovir,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [9]}}"
"To our knowledge, the syndrome of fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following use of acyclovir has not been previously reported.",acyclovir,fever,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [39]}}"
"To our knowledge, the syndrome of fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following use of acyclovir has not been previously reported.",acyclovir,pleural effusion,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [84]}}"
"To our knowledge, the syndrome of fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural effusion following use of acyclovir has not been previously reported.",acyclovir,pulmonary infiltrates,"{'drug': {'start_char': [102], 'end_char': [111]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Quinine-induced hearing loss.,Quinine,hearing loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Sensorineural hearing loss due to quinine therapy for malaria has frequently been mentioned in the literature but has not been a subject of research during the last decades.,quinine,Sensorineural hearing loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [34], 'end_char': [41]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [26]}}"
The case of a 29-year-old man suffering from falciparum malaria disease who got a reversible hearing loss from quinine therapy is presented.,quinine,reversible hearing loss,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [118]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [82], 'end_char': [105]}}"
The ototoxicity of quinine can accurately be studied with ultrahigh frequency audiometry (up to 20 kHz).,quinine,ototoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [26]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [15]}}"
"Hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient on cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin.",bleomycin,Hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient on cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin.",cis-platinum,Hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
"Hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient on cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin.",vinblastine,Hemolytic uremic syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [67]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [25]}}"
A case of a 53-year-old man who developed acute pneumonitis after bleomycin and moderate oxygen administration is presented.,bleomycin,acute pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [66], 'end_char': [75]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [59]}}"
A case of a 53-year-old man who developed acute pneumonitis after bleomycin and moderate oxygen administration is presented.,oxygen,acute pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [89], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Autopsy findings were consistent with bleomycin and oxygen-induced pulmonary damage.,bleomycin,pulmonary damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Autopsy findings were consistent with bleomycin and oxygen-induced pulmonary damage.,oxygen,pulmonary damage,"{'drug': {'start_char': [52], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [83]}}"
Bleomycin pneumonitis potentiated by oxygen administration.,Bleomycin,pneumonitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [10], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Oxygen potentiation of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity is discussed.,bleomycin,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [32]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Oxygen potentiation of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity is discussed.,Oxygen,pulmonary toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [6]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [59]}}"
A patient with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome presented with incessant orthodromic atrioventricular tachycardia following initiation of procainamide therapy.,procainamide,incessant orthodromic atrioventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [65], 'end_char': [115]}}"
"Escape atrial complexes, which occurred following junctional premature complexes, failed to initiate tachycardia in the control state but tachycardia was always reinitiated by an identical escape sequence after procainamide.",procainamide,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [211], 'end_char': [223]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [101, 138], 'end_char': [112, 149]}}"
"In addition, the tachycardia persisted and was repeatedly spontaneously reinitiated for prolonged periods after procainamide.",procainamide,tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [112], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Procainamide-induced incessant supraventricular tachycardia in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.,Procainamide,incessant supraventricular tachycardia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [21], 'end_char': [59]}}"
The pro-arrhythmic effects of procainamide may be explained on the basis of both its vagolytic action on the atrioventricular node as well as by prolongation of refractoriness in the accessory pathway.,procainamide,pro-arrhythmic effects,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [42]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [4], 'end_char': [26]}}"
Multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma following phosphate diethylstilbestrol therapy for prostatic cancer.,phosphate diethylstilbestrol,Multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [48], 'end_char': [76]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [37]}}"
This is a unique autopsy case of hepatocellular carcinoma closely related to diethylstilbestrol (DES) therapy for prostatic cancer.,DES,hepatocellular carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [97], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [57]}}"
This is a unique autopsy case of hepatocellular carcinoma closely related to diethylstilbestrol (DES) therapy for prostatic cancer.,diethylstilbestrol,hepatocellular carcinoma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [77], 'end_char': [95]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [57]}}"
This paper reports an autopsy case of a 78-year-old male with multiple nodules in the liver developed after long-termed administration of phosphate diethylstilbestrol (PDES) for prostatic cancer.,PDES,multiple nodules in the liver,"{'drug': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [172]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [91]}}"
This paper reports an autopsy case of a 78-year-old male with multiple nodules in the liver developed after long-termed administration of phosphate diethylstilbestrol (PDES) for prostatic cancer.,phosphate diethylstilbestrol,multiple nodules in the liver,"{'drug': {'start_char': [138], 'end_char': [166]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [91]}}"
A 52-year-old woman developed symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy and cerebellar syndrome after 24 months of amiodarone treatment.,amiodarone,cerebellar syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [72], 'end_char': [91]}}"
A 52-year-old woman developed symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy and cerebellar syndrome after 24 months of amiodarone treatment.,amiodarone,symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [121]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [67]}}"
Peripheral neuropathy and cerebellar syndrome associated with amiodarone therapy.,amiodarone,cerebellar syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [26], 'end_char': [45]}}"
Peripheral neuropathy and cerebellar syndrome associated with amiodarone therapy.,amiodarone,Peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [62], 'end_char': [72]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Life-threatening hyponatremia caused by vinblastine.,vinblastine,hyponatremia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [29]}}"
The most likely cause of such hyponatremic episode is vinblastine.,vinblastine,hyponatremic episode,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54], 'end_char': [65]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [50]}}"
"Although this type of hyperpigmentation has been previously seen in patients with cancer who are receiving bleomycin, this is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of bleomycin-induced hyperpigmentation in an AIDS patient and should be added to the growing list of cutaneous eruptions seen in these patients.",bleomycin,hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107, 172], 'end_char': [116, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22, 190], 'end_char': [39, 207]}}"
"Although this type of hyperpigmentation has been previously seen in patients with cancer who are receiving bleomycin, this is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of bleomycin-induced hyperpigmentation in an AIDS patient and should be added to the growing list of cutaneous eruptions seen in these patients.",bleomycin,hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107, 172], 'end_char': [116, 181]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22, 190], 'end_char': [39, 207]}}"
We report a case of hyperpigmentation due to bleomycin treatment in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).,bleomycin,hyperpigmentation,"{'drug': {'start_char': [45], 'end_char': [54]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [37]}}"
A typical case of dextran-40 associated acute renal failure is presented.,dextran-40,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [40], 'end_char': [59]}}"
Renal failure associated with the use of dextran-40.,dextran-40,Renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [51]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [13]}}"
Several possible explanations of the mechanism of renal failure associated with the use of dextran-40 are discussed.,dextran-40,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [91], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [63]}}"
"While the mechanism of dextran-associated renal failure remains unsolved, plasma exchange seems to be effective therapy.",dextran,renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [30]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [42], 'end_char': [55]}}"
MR findings in methotrexate-induced CNS abnormalities.,methotrexate,CNS abnormalities,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [53]}}"
A 57-year-old man developed morphea while taking bromocriptine.,bromocriptine,morphea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [62]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [28], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Morphea after bromocriptine therapy.,bromocriptine,Morphea,"{'drug': {'start_char': [14], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}}"
A 35-year-old female with borderline lepromatous (BL) leprosy who suffered from dapsone-induced erythroderma is reported.,dapsone,erythroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [87]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [96], 'end_char': [108]}}"
Dapsone-induced erythroderma with Beau's lines.,Dapsone,erythroderma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [7]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [16], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"Akathisia appeared to be a common side effect of fluoxetine and generally responded well to treatment with the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, dose reduction, or both.",fluoxetine,Akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [59]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}}"
Five patients receiving fluoxetine for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder or major depression developed akathisia.,fluoxetine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [34]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [125]}}"
Fluoxetine-induced akathisia: clinical and theoretical implications.,Fluoxetine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"The authors suggest that fluoxetine-induced akathisia may be caused by serotonergically mediated inhibition of dopaminergic neurotransmission and that the pathophysiology of fluoxetine-induced akathisia and tricyclic antidepressant-induced ""jitteriness"" may be identical.",fluoxetine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 174], 'end_char': [35, 184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44, 193], 'end_char': [53, 202]}}"
"The authors suggest that fluoxetine-induced akathisia may be caused by serotonergically mediated inhibition of dopaminergic neurotransmission and that the pathophysiology of fluoxetine-induced akathisia and tricyclic antidepressant-induced ""jitteriness"" may be identical.",fluoxetine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25, 174], 'end_char': [35, 184]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44, 193], 'end_char': [53, 202]}}"
"The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of restlessness, constant pacing, purposeless movements of the feet and legs, and marked anxiety were indistinguishable from those of neuroleptic-induced akathisia.",fluoxetine,constant pacing,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of restlessness, constant pacing, purposeless movements of the feet and legs, and marked anxiety were indistinguishable from those of neuroleptic-induced akathisia.",fluoxetine,marked anxiety,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [122], 'end_char': [136]}}"
"The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of restlessness, constant pacing, purposeless movements of the feet and legs, and marked anxiety were indistinguishable from those of neuroleptic-induced akathisia.",fluoxetine,purposeless movements of the feet and legs,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [116]}}"
"The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of restlessness, constant pacing, purposeless movements of the feet and legs, and marked anxiety were indistinguishable from those of neuroleptic-induced akathisia.",fluoxetine,restlessness,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [43], 'end_char': [55]}}"
"Three patients who had experienced neuroleptic-induced akathisia in the past reported that the symptoms of fluoxetine-induced akathisia were identical, although somewhat milder.",fluoxetine,akathisia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [107], 'end_char': [117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [55, 126], 'end_char': [64, 135]}}"
Horner's syndrome and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy caused by high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,demyelinating peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [57]}}"
Horner's syndrome and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy caused by high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,Horner's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [98]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [17]}}"
Peripheral nerve dysfunction is a potentially serious complication of high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,Peripheral nerve dysfunction,"{'drug': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
Peripheral nervous system disturbances caused by cytosine arabinoside have rarely been reported.,cytosine arabinoside,Peripheral nervous system disturbances,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [38]}}"
We describe a patient with acute leukemia who developed Horner's syndrome and a severe demyelinating peripheral neuropathy leading to death after receiving high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,death,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [139]}}"
We describe a patient with acute leukemia who developed Horner's syndrome and a severe demyelinating peripheral neuropathy leading to death after receiving high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,Horner's syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [56], 'end_char': [73]}}"
We describe a patient with acute leukemia who developed Horner's syndrome and a severe demyelinating peripheral neuropathy leading to death after receiving high-dose cytosine arabinoside.,cytosine arabinoside,severe demyelinating peripheral neuropathy,"{'drug': {'start_char': [166], 'end_char': [186]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [80], 'end_char': [122]}}"
Nail-changes induced by penicillamine.,penicillamine,Nail-changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [24], 'end_char': [37]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [12]}}"
Peculiar nail-changes in a 70-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis occurring after approximately 1 year of penicillamine treatment are described.,penicillamine,nail-changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [111], 'end_char': [124]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [9], 'end_char': [21]}}"
Reinstitution of penicillamine treatment caused a recurrence thus proving a causal relationship between penicillamine and the described nail-changes.,penicillamine,nail-changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [17, 104], 'end_char': [30, 117]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [136], 'end_char': [148]}}"
Ibuprofen-induced meningitis: detection of intrathecal IgG synthesis and immune complexes.,Ibuprofen,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [28]}}"
We report a case of ibuprofen-induced meningitis in an otherwise healthy individual.,ibuprofen,meningitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [29]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [48]}}"
"Metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism is not rare, and appropriate dose reduction in patients with renal failure will help reduce the incidence of this morbidity.",Metoclopramide,parkinsonism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism.,Metoclopramide,parkinsonism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [14]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [23], 'end_char': [35]}}"
Their parkinsonism improved on discontinuation of metoclopramide therapy.,metoclopramide,parkinsonism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [50], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [18]}}"
We have reported six cases of metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism seen in consultation over a two-year period.,metoclopramide,parkinsonism,"{'drug': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [44]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [53], 'end_char': [65]}}"
It is suggested that the fatal stroke may have resulted from arterial spasm caused by ergotamine overdosage and possibly complicated by thrombosis.,ergotamine,arterial spasm,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [61], 'end_char': [75]}}"
It is suggested that the fatal stroke may have resulted from arterial spasm caused by ergotamine overdosage and possibly complicated by thrombosis.,ergotamine,fatal stroke,"{'drug': {'start_char': [86], 'end_char': [96]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [37]}}"
Life-threatening acute hyponatraemia induced by low dose cyclophosphamide and indomethacin.,cyclophosphamide,acute hyponatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [57], 'end_char': [73]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [36]}}"
Life-threatening acute hyponatraemia induced by low dose cyclophosphamide and indomethacin.,indomethacin,acute hyponatraemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [78], 'end_char': [90]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [17], 'end_char': [36]}}"
We report the case of a patient with multiple myeloma who developed acute life-threatening water intoxication following treatment with oral indomethacin and low dose intravenous cyclophosphamide.,cyclophosphamide,life-threatening water intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [178], 'end_char': [194]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [109]}}"
We report the case of a patient with multiple myeloma who developed acute life-threatening water intoxication following treatment with oral indomethacin and low dose intravenous cyclophosphamide.,indomethacin,life-threatening water intoxication,"{'drug': {'start_char': [140], 'end_char': [152]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [109]}}"
Clofazimine induced nail changes.,Clofazimine,nail changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [11]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [32]}}"
These nail changes gradually disappeared when the dose of clofazimine was reduced.,clofazimine,nail changes,"{'drug': {'start_char': [58], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [6], 'end_char': [18]}}"
"Two cases of lepromatous leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum who were on high doses of clofazimine, showed discoloration of nail plate, subungual hyperkeratosis and onycholysis.",clofazimine,discoloration of nail plate,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [110], 'end_char': [137]}}"
"Two cases of lepromatous leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum who were on high doses of clofazimine, showed discoloration of nail plate, subungual hyperkeratosis and onycholysis.",clofazimine,onycholysis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [168], 'end_char': [179]}}"
"Two cases of lepromatous leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum who were on high doses of clofazimine, showed discoloration of nail plate, subungual hyperkeratosis and onycholysis.",clofazimine,subungual hyperkeratosis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [90], 'end_char': [101]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [139], 'end_char': [163]}}"
Attenuation of asparaginase-induced hyperglycemia after substitution of the Erwinia carotovora for the Escherichia coli enzyme preparation.,asparaginase,hyperglycemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [27]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [36], 'end_char': [49]}}"
Development of persistent late onset asthma following treatment with captopril.,captopril,persistent late onset asthma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [69], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [15], 'end_char': [43]}}"
We describe the first case of de novo asthma following treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril.,captopril,asthma,"{'drug': {'start_char': [120], 'end_char': [129]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [38], 'end_char': [44]}}"
A case report of a patient with probable cisplatin and bleomycin-induced TMA is presented.,bleomycin,TMA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [55], 'end_char': [64]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [76]}}"
A case report of a patient with probable cisplatin and bleomycin-induced TMA is presented.,cisplatin,TMA,"{'drug': {'start_char': [41], 'end_char': [50]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [73], 'end_char': [76]}}"
"A patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with busulphan for 4-5 years, developed signs of busulphan toxicity and portal hypertension with ascites, oesophageal varices and jaundice.",busulphan,ascites,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 98], 'end_char': [63, 107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [146], 'end_char': [153]}}"
"A patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with busulphan for 4-5 years, developed signs of busulphan toxicity and portal hypertension with ascites, oesophageal varices and jaundice.",busulphan,jaundice,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 98], 'end_char': [63, 107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [179], 'end_char': [187]}}"
"A patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with busulphan for 4-5 years, developed signs of busulphan toxicity and portal hypertension with ascites, oesophageal varices and jaundice.",busulphan,oesophageal varices,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 98], 'end_char': [63, 107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [155], 'end_char': [174]}}"
"A patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with busulphan for 4-5 years, developed signs of busulphan toxicity and portal hypertension with ascites, oesophageal varices and jaundice.",busulphan,portal hypertension,"{'drug': {'start_char': [54, 98], 'end_char': [63, 107]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [121], 'end_char': [140]}}"
"Although a lot of amiodarone-induced torsades de pointe have been published, a review of all these cases and the underlying risk-factors has never been made.",amiodarone,torsades de pointe,"{'drug': {'start_char': [18], 'end_char': [28]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [37], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Amiodarone induced torsades de pointe.,Amiodarone,torsades de pointe,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [10]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [19], 'end_char': [37]}}"
We report three cases of amiodarone-induced torsades de pointe.,amiodarone,torsades de pointe,"{'drug': {'start_char': [25], 'end_char': [35]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [44], 'end_char': [62]}}"
The syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity (SILENT).,lithium,neurotoxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [36]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [62]}}"
Long lasting respiratory depression induced by morphine-6-glucuronide?,morphine-6-glucuronide,respiratory depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [47], 'end_char': [69]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [13], 'end_char': [35]}}"
We report a case of long lasting respiratory depression after intravenous administration of morphine to a 7 year old girl with haemolytic uraemic syndrome.,morphine,respiratory depression,"{'drug': {'start_char': [92], 'end_char': [100]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [33], 'end_char': [55]}}"
Rifampin-associated thrombocytopenia secondary to poor compliance.,Rifampin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [20], 'end_char': [36]}}"
"Rifampin can be associated with severe adverse effects such as hepatitis, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia.",Rifampin,acute renal failure,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [74], 'end_char': [93]}}"
"Rifampin can be associated with severe adverse effects such as hepatitis, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia.",Rifampin,hemolytic anemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [95], 'end_char': [111]}}"
"Rifampin can be associated with severe adverse effects such as hepatitis, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia.",Rifampin,hepatitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [63], 'end_char': [72]}}"
"Rifampin can be associated with severe adverse effects such as hepatitis, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia.",Rifampin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [8]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [117], 'end_char': [133]}}"
This article reports the occurrence of rifampin-associated thrombocytopenia in an indigent patient after a four-month lapse in therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis.,rifampin,thrombocytopenia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [39], 'end_char': [47]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [59], 'end_char': [75]}}"
We present the first case of WES in an infant born to a mother taking haloperidol during her pregnancy.,haloperidol,WES,"{'drug': {'start_char': [70], 'end_char': [81]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [29], 'end_char': [32]}}"
Withdrawal emergent syndrome in an infant associated with maternal haloperidol therapy.,haloperidol,Withdrawal emergent syndrome,"{'drug': {'start_char': [67], 'end_char': [78]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [28]}}"
"This report describes two patients who developed acute myelocytic leukemia only after exposure to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil adjuvant therapy.",5-fluorouracil,acute myelocytic leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [134], 'end_char': [148]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"This report describes two patients who developed acute myelocytic leukemia only after exposure to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil adjuvant therapy.",cyclophosphamide,acute myelocytic leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [98], 'end_char': [114]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [74]}}"
"This report describes two patients who developed acute myelocytic leukemia only after exposure to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil adjuvant therapy.",methotrexate,acute myelocytic leukemia,"{'drug': {'start_char': [116], 'end_char': [128]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [74]}}"
Ibuprofen rarely causes lower gastrointestinal adverse reactions but has been implicated in systemic and local side effects in patients with lupus.,Ibuprofen,gastrointestinal adverse reactions,"{'drug': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [9]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [30], 'end_char': [64]}}"
Ulcerative proctitis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus after ibuprofen treatment.,ibuprofen,Ulcerative proctitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [68], 'end_char': [77]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [0], 'end_char': [20]}}"
We describe a case of ulcerative proctitis after ibuprofen treatment in a girl with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.,ibuprofen,ulcerative proctitis,"{'drug': {'start_char': [49], 'end_char': [58]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [22], 'end_char': [42]}}"
Intravenous cytarabine and methotrexate appear to act synergistically to enhance the potential for central nervous system toxicity.,cytarabine,central nervous system toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [12], 'end_char': [22]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [130]}}"
Intravenous cytarabine and methotrexate appear to act synergistically to enhance the potential for central nervous system toxicity.,methotrexate,central nervous system toxicity,"{'drug': {'start_char': [27], 'end_char': [39]}, 'effect': {'start_char': [99], 'end_char': [130]}}"