Instructions to use HauserGroup/ApeTokenizer-SELFIES with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- Transformers
How to use HauserGroup/ApeTokenizer-SELFIES with Transformers:
# Load model directly from transformers import AutoModel model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("HauserGroup/ApeTokenizer-SELFIES", dtype="auto") - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
Add APE SELFIES tokenizer with max length 256
Browse files
README.md
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---
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license: mit
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library_name: transformers
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tags:
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- chemistry
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- molecules
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- selfies
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- ape-tokenizer
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- tokenizer
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---
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# ApeTokenizer-SELFIES
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ApeTokenizer-SELFIES is the **Atom Pair Encoding (APE)** tokenizer used by
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[ModernMolBERT](https://github.com/HauserGroup/ModernMolBERT) — a family of
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compact encoder-only transformer models for small-molecule representation
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learning pre-trained on SELFIES strings from ChEMBL 36.
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APE is a byte-pair-style merging scheme applied directly to SELFIES bracket
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tokens, so every token boundary aligns with a chemically valid SELFIES
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primitive. The vocabulary is derived from ~2M unique
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SELFIES strings from ChEMBL 36.
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## Tokenizer Details
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- **Developed by:** Hauser Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen
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- **Input representation:** SELFIES (convert SMILES first; see below)
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- **Algorithm:** Atom Pair Encoding (APE) — pair merging over SELFIES bracket tokens
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- **Vocabulary size:** 631
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- **Max merge pieces:** 2
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- **Min merge frequency:** 3000
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- **Training corpus size:** 2M unique SELFIES (ChEMBL 36)
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- **License:** MIT
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- **Repository:** https://github.com/HauserGroup/ModernMolBERT
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| special token | id |
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|---------------|----|
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| `<s>` (BOS) | 0 |
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| `<pad>` | 1 |
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| `</s>` (EOS) | 2 |
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| `<unk>` | 3 |
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| `<mask>` | 4 |
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## How to Get Started
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
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"HauserGroup/ApeTokenizer-SELFIES",
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trust_remote_code=True,
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use_fast=False,
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)
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# A SELFIES string — here aspirin.
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selfies = "[C][C][=Branch1][C][=O][O][C][=C][C][=C][C][=C][Ring1][=Branch1][C][=Branch1][C][=O][O]"
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tokens = tokenizer.tokenize(selfies)
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print(tokens)
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# ['[C][C]', '[=Branch1][C]', '[=O][O]', '[C][=C]', '[C][=C]', '[C][=C]', '[Ring1][=Branch1]', '[C][=Branch1]', '[C][=O]', '[O]']
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inputs = tokenizer(selfies, return_tensors="pt")
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print(inputs["input_ids"])
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# tensor([[ 0, 334, 335, 370, 333, 333, 333, 338, 377, 511, 6, 2]])
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```
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If you start from SMILES, convert first:
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```python
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import selfies
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smi = "CC(=O)Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O"
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sf = selfies.encoder(smi) # '[C][C][=Branch1][C][=O][O][C]...'
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inputs = tokenizer(sf, return_tensors="pt")
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```
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### Using with ModernMolBERT models
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This tokenizer is shared by all four ModernMolBERT checkpoints. Load it from
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the model repo using `subfolder="ape_tokenizer"` to avoid routing
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`AutoTokenizer` to the built-in fast ModernBERT tokenizer:
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
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"HauserGroup/ModernMolBERT-small",
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subfolder="ape_tokenizer",
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trust_remote_code=True,
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use_fast=False,
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)
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```
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Or load this standalone repo directly as shown above — both produce identical
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tokenizations.
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@article{madsen_modernmolbert,
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title = {ModernMolBERT: A ModernBERT Encoder Family for SELFIES Molecular Language Modeling},
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author = {Madsen, Jakob S. and Angelucci, Sara and Hauser, Alexander S.},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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The APE algorithm follows Leon et al., *Comparing SMILES and SELFIES
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tokenization for enhanced chemical language modeling*, Sci. Rep. 14, 25016 (2024).
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