README.md

---
language:
  - he
  - en
license: apache-2.0
tags:
  - mistral
  - nemo
  - hebrew
  - llm
  - text-generation
  - instruction-tuned
  - chat
pipeline_tag: text-generation
base_model: mistralai/Mistral-Nemo-Base-2407
library_name: transformers
widget:
  - text: "Hebrew_Nemo"
    output:
      url: https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo/resolve/main/Images/Hebrew_Nemo.png
---

# Hebrew_Nemo: State-of-the-Art Hebrew Language Model

---

<div align="center">
  <b style="font-size: 50px;">Hebrew_Nemo</b>


</div>


<div align="center">
  <b style="font-size: 80px;">12B</b>


</div>


---

<div align="center" style="font-size: 18px; margin-top: 20px;">
  <b>Developed by:</b> <a href="https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff">SicariusSicariiStuff</a>
</div>

---

**Hebrew_Nemo** is a state-of-the-art (SOTA) **Hebrew language large language model** specifically optimized for Hebrew language understanding and generation. Built upon the Mistral Nemo architecture, this model represents a significant advancement in Hebrew NLP capabilities, combining the robust multilingual foundations of Mistral Nemo with extensive Hebrew-specific fine-tuning and optimization.

As part of [SicariusSicariiStuff](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff) efforts to truly democratize AI, [Hebrew_Nemo](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo) is released with a permissive **Apache 2.0** license. The model demonstrates competitive performance with **Gemma3-27B**, one of the world’s leading open-source models in multilingual capabilities—despite Gemma3-27B being **more than twice its size**. This result highlights Hebrew_Nemo’s efficiency and effectiveness, making SOTA capabilities widely available for consumers, as well as corporations.

Unfortunately, Gemma-3-27b-it doesn't benchmark well, but I still believe Gemma-3-27b-it is by far the best multi-lingual model:

| Model | Average | SNLI Acc | QA (HeQ) | Translation BLEU | Israeli Trivia | Params (B) |
|-------|---------|----------|----------|------------------|----------------|------------|
| google/gemma-3-27b-pt | 69.5 | 85.24 | 78.27 | 36.45 | 70.43 | 27 |
| google/gemma-3-27b-it | 13.41 | 0 | 80.31 | 0.17 | 0 | 27 |

---

# Benchmarks

---

**Hebrew_Nemo** demonstrates SOTA performance for its size, with particularly **outstanding results in Hebrew translation**. At only **12B parameters**, it achieves a **BLEU score of 30.83**, outperforming significantly larger models such as DeepSeek-14B and AI21 Jamba-Mini (52B)— a model more than x4 times its size.

The model maintains **high competence across reasoning and QA**, with **SNLI accuracy of 79.76** and **HeQ score of 70.51**, indicating solid sentence-level understanding and contextual reasoning in Hebrew. Its **Israeli Trivia score (50.83)** demonstrates exceptional knowledge for its size, coming very close to a model more than 4x times its size, while vastly outperforming models of similar and even of a slightly larger size.


| Model                                    |   Average |  SNLI Acc |  QA (HeQ) | Translation BLEU | Israeli Trivia | Params (B) |
| ---------------------------------------- | --------: | --------: | --------: | ---------------: | -------------: | ---------: |
| **Hebrew_Nemo**                          | **57.98** |     79.76 |     70.51 |        **30.83** |          50.83 |         12 |
| ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-1.5-Mini             |     54.68 |     69.52 |     69.38 |            22.00 |      **57.81** |         52 |
| deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B |     53.19 | **85.48** |     71.38 |            22.99 |          32.89 |         14 |
| SicariusSicariiStuff/Zion_Alpha          |     53.55 |     84.05 |     67.67 |            27.93 |          34.55 |          7 |
| Qwen/Qwen3-8B                            |     53.54 |     80.00 | **78.53** |            25.73 |          29.90 |          8 |
| Mistral-Nemo-Base-2407                   |     51.24 |     65.95 |     68.48 |            28.99 |          41.53 |       12.0 |

---

**Hebrew_Nemo** also **vastly improves** upon the original Mistral Nemo by adding massive amounts of new knowledge while refining existing capabilities:

| Metric               | Hebrew_Nemo | Mistral-Nemo-Base |   (% Improvement) |
| :------------------- | ----------: | ----------------: | ----------------: |
| **Average**          |   **57.98** |             51.24 |        **+13.2%** |
| **SNLI Accuracy**    |   **79.76** |             65.95 |        **+20.9%** |
| **QA (HeQ)**         |   **70.51** |             68.48 |         **+3.0%** |
| **Translation BLEU** |   **30.83** |             28.99 |         **+6.3%** |
| **Israeli Trivia**   |   **50.83** |             41.53 |        **+22.4%** |

----



### Technical Overview

- **Model Type:** Causal Language Model (Decoder-only Transformer)
- **Base Architecture:** Mistral Nemo
- **Language Focus:** Hebrew (עברית) with maintained multilingual capabilities
- **License:** Apache 2.0
- **Parameters:** 12B
- **Context Length:** 128K tokens
- **Layers:** 40
- **Dim:** 5,120
- **Head dim:** 128
- **Hidden dim:** 14,336
- **Activation Function:** SwiGLU
- **Number of heads:** 32
- **Number of kv-heads:** 8 (GQA)
- **Vocabulary size:** 2**17 ~= 128k
- **Rotary embeddings (theta = 1M)**

### Primary Use Cases

- **Hebrew Text Generation:** High-quality content creation in modern Hebrew
- **Translation:** Bidirectional translation between Hebrew and other languages
- **Question Answering:** Advanced reasoning and comprehension in Hebrew contexts
- **Dialogue Systems:** Conversational AI applications for Hebrew speakers
- **Text Classification:** Sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and categorization of Hebrew content
- **Named Entity Recognition:** Extraction of entities from Hebrew text
- **Summarization:** Concise summaries of Hebrew documents and articles

### Out-of-Scope Uses

- Real-time critical decision-making systems (medical, legal, financial) without human oversight
- Generation of content intended to deceive or manipulate
- Applications requiring 100% factual accuracy without verification


## Training Data and Training Methodology

Hebrew_Nemo was trained on a diverse corpus including:

| Source Type | Description | Language Coverage |
|--------------|--------------|------------------|
| Hebrew Wikipedia | Encyclopedia-style text | 100% Hebrew |
| Hebrew Literature & Proverbs | Classic and modern | 100% Hebrew |
| Hebrew-English Code-Mix | Social media & dialogue | 70% Hebrew / 30% English |
| Synthetic Data | Instruction-following & reasoning | Mixed |

Data was filtered, normalized, and token-balanced to reduce bias and improve generalization across dialects.

Additional data trained:

- Modern Hebrew web text and news articles
- Hebrew literature and academic publications
- Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew texts for cultural depth
- Hebrew social media and conversational data
- Technical documentation in Hebrew
- Parallel corpora for translation capabilities

---

**The training process involved:**

1. Continued pre-training on Hebrew-rich datasets
2. Instruction fine-tuning on Hebrew task-specific data
3. Alignment through RLHF/DPO for Hebrew linguistic preferences

---

## 🚀 Key Features

- **Native Hebrew Understanding:** Trained on millions of high-quality Hebrew documents spanning literature, news, Wikipedia, academic, and colloquial domains.
- **Contextual Mastery:** Handles complex anaphora, idiomatic expressions, and mixed Hebrew-English text with high fidelity.
- **Instruction-Tuned:** Aligned for chat, Q&A, summarization, and reasoning use cases.
- **Cultural Awareness:** Sensitive to Hebrew cultural, religious, and social nuances.
- **Optimized Inference:** Enhanced performance with Mistral’s memory-efficient attention and dynamic context window.

---

# Out of scope usage
* Generating disinformation or biased political content
* Automated decision-making without human oversight

---

## ⚙️ Limitations

* May reflect **training corpus biases** (e.g., urban dialect prevalence, widespread opinions in Israeli social media)
* Limited performance on **rare biblical or archaic Hebrew**
* Occasionally mixes Hebrew and English when the context is ambiguous
* Does not include alignment for safety moderation out of the box

---

# Model instruction template: ChatML

```
<|im_start|>system
You answer the questions in Hebrew.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>User 
{prompt}<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>AI answer
```

---

## 🗣️ Example Usage

### Basic Inference

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model_name = "SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    torch_dtype="auto",
    device_map="auto"
)

prompt = "מהי בינה מלאכותית?"
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=256, temperature=0.7)
print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
```

---

### Chat Format

```python
messages = [
    {"role": "user", "content": "ספר לי על ההיסטוריה של ירושלים"}
]

formatted_prompt = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True
)

inputs = tokenizer(formatted_prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=512)
print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
```

### Quantization (for lower VRAM)

```python
from transformers import BitsAndBytesConfig

quantization_config = BitsAndBytesConfig(
    load_in_4bit=True,
    bnb_4bit_compute_dtype=torch.bfloat16
)

model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    quantization_config=quantization_config,
    device_map="auto"
)
```

---

## Available quantizations:

- Original: [FP16](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo)
- GGUF: [Static Quants](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo_GGUF)
- Specialized: [FP8](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo_FP8)
- Mobile (ARM): [Q4_0](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo_ARM)

---


## Citation

```bibtex
@misc{hebrew_nemo_2025,
  author = {SicariusSicariiStuff},
  title = {Hebrew_Nemo: State-of-the-Art Hebrew Language Model},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {Hugging Face},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff/Hebrew_Nemo}
}
```


## 🧰 Acknowledgements

* [Mistral](https://mistral.ai/) for the base architecture
* [NVIDIA NeMo](https://developer.nvidia.com/nemo) framework inspiration
* Employee#11 for her unwavering support

## Contact

For questions, issues, or collaboration opportunities:
- **HuggingFace:** [@SicariusSicariiStuff](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff)
- **Issues:** Report technical issues on the model repository


### Model Card Authors
- [@SicariusSicariiStuff](https://huggingface.co/SicariusSicariiStuff)