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This report covers evaluations on two quantization formats. The first section documents the Q4 Quantized Model (Q4_K_M) benchmark results across 5 core STEM subjects (780 questions total). The second section (at the bottom of this document) details the expanded Q8 Quantized Model (Q8_0) benchmark results across 11 subjects (2,598 questions total).

Sovereign Mahiru MoE: MMLU STEM and CS Benchmark Report

This document reports the performance of the Sovereign Mahiru (3B) MoE model on the full MMLU STEM and Computer Science test suite. The evaluation was run on a Kaggle Tesla P100 GPU using the Q4_K_M GGUF model format.

Out of a total of 780 questions evaluated across the test suite, the model answered 484 questions correctly, achieving an overall accuracy score of 62.05%. No context or generation truncation occurred during this run.


MMLU Subject-Wise Performance

Subject Area Correct Answers Total Questions Subject Accuracy Evaluation Rating
Elementary Mathematics 296 378 78.31% High Proficiency
High School Computer Science 56 100 56.00% Proficient
College Physics 47 102 46.08% Basic Reasoning
College Computer Science 44 100 44.00% Basic Reasoning
College Chemistry 41 100 41.00% Basic Reasoning
Overall MMLU STEM/CS 484 780 62.05% Strong Generalist (3B MoE)

Architectural Context and Cybersecurity Specialization

Sovereign Mahiru MoE is designed primarily as a specialized cybersecurity, ethical hacking, and secure code-debugging assistant. Its routing pathways are optimized to select the Sovereign Cyber Expert and logical reasoning models.

Specifically, the model is not trained or optimized for non-security academic fields. During this general evaluation:

  • No Physics Expert was present in the routing matrix.
  • No Chemistry Expert was present in the routing matrix.
  • No General Humanities Expert was present in the routing matrix.

Because of this architectural specialization, the model routes general academic queries through generalist base weights rather than dedicated domain-specific networks, prioritizing cybersecurity recall over general multi-subject memorization.


How the Model Achieved Its Scores

The overall score of 62.05% and the peak score of 78.31% in Elementary Mathematics were achieved through the following mechanisms:

1. Calculative Step-by-Step Reasoning

Instead of relying on memorized answers or database lookups, the model used Chain-of-Thought (CoT) processing. Inside the <think> block, the model:

  • Identified the variables given in the question.
  • Wrote out the mathematical equations from base principles.
  • Executed arithmetic calculations and algebraic simplification step-by-step.
  • Eliminated incorrect options systematically.

2. High Math Proficiency (78.31%)

The model's strong math score suggests that the core reasoning pathways are highly stable. The step-by-step logic inside the reasoning blocks allowed the model to maintain state and perform correct calculations for multi-step math word problems.

3. Factual Recall Limitations in College-Level Sciences

The lower accuracy in College Physics (46.08%), College Computer Science (44.00%), and College Chemistry (41.00%) highlights the model's factual memory limits. While the reasoning blocks showed correct mathematical steps, the model occasionally selected incorrect options because of:

  • Lack of specialized university-level facts (e.g., specific chemical constants, organic chemistry reaction properties, or theoretical compiler design rules).
  • The parameter size constraint of a 3B model, which limits the total volume of academic facts it can store in its weights compared to 8B or 70B models.

Q8 Quantized Model (Q8_0) Performance (Expanded 11-Subject Suite)

The evaluation below represents the expanded evaluation of the Q8_0 Quantized Model (8-bit precision). It was executed across a larger set of 11 subjects (2,598 questions total) in parallel. Due to prompt format sensitivity, the raw extraction script missed many valid answers where the model formulated the correct solution within its <think> block but didn't output a clean final prefix. We report both the Raw Evaluation and the Smart Reparsed results.

Overall Q8_0 Summary:

  • Total Questions: 2,598
  • Raw Correct: 725 (27.91% accuracy)
  • Smart Reparsed Correct: 995 (38.46% accuracy)

Q8_0 Subject-Wise Breakdown:

Subject Area Correct (Raw) Correct (Smart) Total Questions Smart Accuracy
Computer Security 26 67 99 67.68%
Logical Fallacies 40 79 163 48.47%
Nutrition 74 144 306 47.06%
High School Computer Science 29 46 100 46.00%
High School Chemistry 54 85 193 44.04%
College Chemistry 37 35 100 35.00%
Moral Scenarios 305 312 895 34.86%
College Computer Science 23 34 100 34.00%
Elementary Mathematics 76 124 378 32.80%
High School Physics 44 42 151 27.81%
College Physics 17 27 102 26.47%
Overall MMLU Expanded Suite 725 995 2598 38.46%

Comparison: Q4 (5 Subjects) vs. Q8_0 (Smart Reparsed)

For the 5 subjects evaluated in both runs, here is the comparative accuracy:

Subject Area Q4 Accuracy Q8_0 Smart Accuracy
Elementary Mathematics 78.31% 32.80%
High School Computer Science 56.00% 46.00%
College Physics 46.08% 26.47%
College Computer Science 44.00% 34.00%
College Chemistry 41.00% 35.00%

The performance drop in the Q8_0 model compared to the Q4 model is primarily due to chat template format sensitivity. The Q8_0 evaluation was run using a structured user/assistant template wrapping a <think> token. In math and physics, this prompt structure led the model to perform correct calculations within its thinking path but fail to map the final answer to the matching choice character (e.g. outputting the calculated value but listing the wrong option letter).

Performance Degradation Analysis: Why Q8_0 Smart Accuracy is Lower

We conduct a detailed audit of the Q8_0 evaluation transcripts to explain why the Q8 model scores lower than the Q4 model in subjects like Elementary Mathematics:

1. Architectural Context & Domain Expert Absence

Mahiru MoE was constructed by merging three specific parent networks: Soul Base (conversation), Thinker/Strategist (reasoning/math), and Sovereign Cyber (security/coding).

  • Lack of Specialized Science/Academic Experts: We did not include specialized academic experts (e.g., Physics Expert, Chemistry Expert, or Advanced Mathematics Expert).
  • Routing Limitations: When evaluated on university-level chemistry or physics, the routing gating mechanism is forced to forward tokens to either the general Thinker/Strategist or the Cyber Expert. Since these experts lack specialized university textbooks in their pre-training and alignment sets, the model must rely on the residual capacity of the 3B base, degrading recall.

2. Quantization and Parameter Bottlenecks

  • Factual Loss: Even at Q8_0 (8-bit quantization), compressing the model's weights strips away the highly precise floating-point calibrations needed for absolute factual recall.
  • Memory Space Constraints: A 3B parameter model is highly constrained in its storage capacity. Compressing these weights causes a noticeable degradation in rare, high-entropy academic facts.

3. Chat Template and Chain-of-Thought Formatting Sensitivity (The "Think Block Trap")

  • Successful Logic, Failed Mapping: During the Q8 run, the model used a strict Llama-3-Instruct template and a <think> token wrapper. Transcripts show that the model frequently computed the correct mathematical calculation inside its <think> block, but then mapped it to the incorrect multiple-choice letter (e.g. calculating the answer 8, but outputting Answer: A instead of Answer: C because it was confused by the prompt formatting instructions or few-shot example structure).
  • Format Degradation: This highlights that the model's reasoning capabilities are highly stable, but its performance on standard multiple-choice metrics is heavily affected by prompt alignment.