SentenceTransformer based on Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: NewModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("albertus-sussex/veriscrape-sbert-restaurant-reference_2_to_verify_8-fold-3")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '615/242-2563 |',
    ': (559) 490-0358',
    'La Galleria 33',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Triplet

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy 1.0

Silhouette

  • Evaluated with veriscrape.training.SilhouetteEvaluator
Metric Value
silhouette_cosine 0.9784
silhouette_euclidean 0.8711

Triplet

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy 1.0

Silhouette

  • Evaluated with veriscrape.training.SilhouetteEvaluator
Metric Value
silhouette_cosine 0.9767
silhouette_euclidean 0.8696

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 3,309 training samples
  • Columns: anchor, positive, negative, pos_attr_name, and neg_attr_name
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name
    type string string string string string
    details
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 8.75 tokens
    • max: 31 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 8.33 tokens
    • max: 28 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 7.38 tokens
    • max: 23 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
  • Samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name
    843/723-5665 505/863-4554 Jack & Giulio's Italian Restaurant phone name
    6422 Montgomery St., Rhinebeck, NY, 12572 Harrison, NY 10523 Lindey's Steak House address
    Rancho Mirage, CA 92270 Malden, MA 02148 : Steakhouse, American address cuisine
  • Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN",
        "triplet_margin": 5
    }
    

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 368 evaluation samples
  • Columns: anchor, positive, negative, pos_attr_name, and neg_attr_name
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 368 samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name
    type string string string string string
    details
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 8.97 tokens
    • max: 31 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 8.42 tokens
    • max: 28 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 7.24 tokens
    • max: 19 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
  • Samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name
    American Chinese 9901 Washington Blvd. cuisine address
    Boston, MA 02116 350 Ocean Ave., Laguna Beach, CA, 92651 New American address
    970/882-4677 : (954) 524-1818 : Steakhouse, Continental phone cuisine
  • Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN",
        "triplet_margin": 5
    }
    

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • overwrite_output_dir: False
  • do_predict: False
  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
  • per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • torch_empty_cache_steps: None
  • learning_rate: 5e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.0
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • max_grad_norm: 1.0
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • max_steps: -1
  • lr_scheduler_type: linear
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • save_safetensors: True
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • no_cuda: False
  • use_cpu: False
  • use_mps_device: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • jit_mode_eval: False
  • use_ipex: False
  • bf16: False
  • fp16: False
  • fp16_opt_level: O1
  • half_precision_backend: auto
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: None
  • local_rank: 0
  • ddp_backend: None
  • tpu_num_cores: None
  • tpu_metrics_debug: False
  • debug: []
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • past_index: -1
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: False
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_min_num_params: 0
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • deepspeed: None
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • optim: adamw_torch
  • optim_args: None
  • adafactor: False
  • group_by_length: False
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_private_repo: False
  • hub_always_push: False
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • include_inputs_for_metrics: False
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • fp16_backend: auto
  • push_to_hub_model_id: None
  • push_to_hub_organization: None
  • mp_parameters:
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • torchdynamo: None
  • ray_scope: last
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • dispatch_batches: None
  • split_batches: None
  • include_tokens_per_second: False
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • eval_on_start: False
  • use_liger_kernel: False
  • eval_use_gather_object: False
  • prompts: None
  • batch_sampler: batch_sampler
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch Step Training Loss Validation Loss cosine_accuracy silhouette_cosine
-1 -1 - - 0.5353 0.1679
1.0 26 1.1044 0.0 1.0 0.9697
2.0 52 0.0084 0.0 1.0 0.9747
3.0 78 0.001 0.0 1.0 0.9752
4.0 104 0.0023 0.0 1.0 0.9780
5.0 130 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.9784
-1 -1 - - 1.0 0.9767

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.10.16
  • Sentence Transformers: 4.0.1
  • Transformers: 4.45.2
  • PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu124
  • Accelerate: 1.5.2
  • Datasets: 3.1.0
  • Tokenizers: 0.20.3

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

TripletLoss

@misc{hermans2017defense,
    title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
    author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1703.07737},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CV}
}
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