question stringlengths 18 1.93k | context stringlengths 51 2.52k | answer stringlengths 6 1.11k | _source stringclasses 1
value | category stringclasses 6
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Q:A 57-year-old woman presents complaining of feeling sleepy all the time. She reports having an uncontrollable urge to take multiple naps during the day and sometimes sees strange shadows in front of her before falling asleep. Although she awakens feeling refreshed and energized, she often finds herself ‘stuck’ and ca... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Methylphenidate | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 21-year-old woman presents to the women’s clinic with chronic pelvic pain, especially during sexual intercourse. She also reports new onset yellowish vaginal discharge. She has no significant past medical history. She does not take contraceptive pills as she has had a copper intrauterine device placed. She smokes 2... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Pelvic inflammatory disease | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 45-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for a health maintenance examination. He has a 10-month history of tingling of his feet at night and has had two recent falls. Three years ago, he underwent retinal laser photocoagulation in both eyes. Current medications include insulin and lisin... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Incomplete bladder emptying | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A previously healthy 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-day history of nausea and weakness. She is sexually active with 2 male partners and uses an oral contraceptive; she uses condoms inconsistently. Her last menstrual period was 4 days ago. Her temperature is 38.4°C (101°F). Physical examinatio... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Ascending bacteria from the bladder | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:An 11-year-old girl is brought in to her pediatrician by her parents due to developmental concerns. The patient developed normally throughout childhood, but she has not yet menstruated and has noticed that her voice is getting deeper. The patient has no other health issues. On exam, her temperature is 98.6°F (37.0°C)... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Scrotum and the labia majora | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 64-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after the onset of right-sided weakness and impaired speech. On admission, she is diagnosed with thrombotic stroke and treatment with alteplase is begun. Neurologic examination four weeks later shows residual right hemiparesis. A CT scan of the hea... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Liquefactive necrosis | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the office by his mother because of a large head contusion and altered mental status. At first, the mother says her son got injured when a “pot fell from a shelf onto his head.” Later, she changes the story and says that he hit his head after “tripping over a football.” Physical examina... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Child abuse | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 32-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a severe headache. He says that the pain has been getting progressively worse over the last 24 hours and is located primarily in his left forehead and eye. The headaches have woken him up from sleep and it is not relieved by over-the-counter medications. He ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Ophthalmoplegia | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A doctor is interested in developing a new over-the-counter medication that can decrease the symptomatic interval of upper respiratory infections from viral etiologies. The doctor wants one group of affected patients to receive the new treatment, but he wants another group of affected patients to not be given the tre... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Clinical treatment trial | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A previously healthy 22-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of several episodes of palpitations that began a couple of days ago. The palpitations are intermittent in nature, with each episode lasting 5–10 seconds. She states that during each episode she feels as if her heart is going to “spin out... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Observation and rest | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain. She states it started last night and has been getting worse during this time frame. She states she is otherwise healthy, does not use drugs, and has never had sexual intercourse. Her temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 120/83 ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Ultrasound and serum hCG in 48 hours | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 46-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of hoarseness and drooling. Initially, he had difficulty swallowing solid food, but now he has difficulty swallowing foods like oatmeal as well. During this period, he also developed weakness in both arms and has had an 8.2 kg (18 lb) weight loss. ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Destruction of upper and lower motor neurons | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:At 10 a.m. this morning, a semi-truck carrying radioactive waste toppled over due to a blown tire. One container was damaged, and a small amount of its contents leaked into the nearby river. You are a physician on the government's hazardous waste committee and must work to alleviate the town's worries and minimize th... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Potassium iodide | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:A 41-year-old African American woman presents to her primary care physician with a 3-week history of lower extremity edema and shortness of breath. She says that she has also noticed that she gets fatigued more easily and has been gaining weight. Her past medical history is significant for sickle cell disease and HIV... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Segmental scarring | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the trauma bay by emergency services after a motorbike accident in which the patient, who was not wearing a helmet, hit a pole of a streetlight with his head. When initially evaluated by the paramedics, the patient was responsive, albeit confused, opened his eyes spontaneously, and was... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Surgical evacuation | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:Two days after being admitted for pneumonia, a 70-year-old man has repeated episodes of palpitations and nausea. He does not feel lightheaded and does not have chest pain. The patient appears mildly distressed. His pulse is 59/min and blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg. Examination shows no abnormalities. Sputum cultures... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Administration of magnesium sulfate | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 19-year-old male college student is admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit with a chief complaint of “thoughts about killing my girlfriend.” The patient explains that throughout the day he becomes suddenly overwhelmed by thoughts about strangling his girlfriend and hears a voice saying “kill her.” He recognizes ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Clomipramine | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:Two hours after undergoing allogeneic kidney transplantation for polycystic kidney disease, a 14-year-old girl has lower abdominal pain. Examination shows tenderness to palpation in the area the donor kidney was placed. Ultrasound of the donor kidney shows diffuse tissue edema. Serum creatinine begins to increase and... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Preformed antibodies against class I HLA molecules | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 25-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician complaining of several months of diarrhea. She has also had crampy abdominal pain. She has tried modifying her diet without improvement. She has many watery, non-bloody bowel movements per day. She also reports feeling fatigued. The patient has not recently t... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Focal ulcerations with granuloma | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 73-year-old woman presents to clinic with a week of fatigue, headache, and swelling of her ankles bilaterally. She reports that she can no longer go on her daily walk around her neighborhood without stopping frequently to catch her breath. At night she gets short of breath and has found that she can only sleep well... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: (160 - 100) * 115 | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He is asymptomatic. He reports that he recently found out that his wife had an affair with her personal trainer and that she now left him for her new partner. The patient is alone with their two children now. To be able to care for... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Intellectualization | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 2-week-old boy presents to the pediatrics clinic. The medical records notes a full-term delivery, however, the boy was born with chorioretinitis and swelling and calcifications in his brain secondary to an in utero infection. A drug exists that can be used to prevent infection by the pathogen responsible for this n... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Pneumocystitis jiroveci | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:A previously healthy 9-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of a 3-month history of episodic abdominal pain. During this time, he has been more tired than usual. For the past 2 months, he has also had bulky stools that are difficult to flush. His maternal aunt has systemic lupus erythematosu... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Deficiency of clotting factor II | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:An investigator is conducting a study to document the histological changes in the respiratory tree of a chronic smoker. He obtains multiple biopsy samples from the respiratory system of a previously healthy 28-year-old man. Histopathological examination of one sample shows simple cuboidal cells with a surrounding lay... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Terminal bronchiole | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 7-year-old boy presents with frequent episodes of blanking out or daydreaming. Each episode lasts for less than 10 seconds. During the episode, he is unaware of what is going on around him and does not respond to questions or calling his name. After the episode, he continues whatever he was doing before. An EEG is ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:An 81-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by staff of an assisted living facility where he resides with fever and a cough that produces yellow-green sputum. His temperature is 39.1°C (102.3°F). Physical examination shows diffuse crackles over the right lung fields. An x-ray of the chest shows consolid... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Impairs bacterial degradation of piperacillin | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 73-year-old woman arrives at the emergency department due to intense central chest pain for 30 minutes this morning. She says the pain was cramping in nature and radiated down her left arm. She has a history of atrial fibrillation and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Her pulse is 98/min, respiratory rate is 19/min, temper... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Troponin I | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 63-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and muscle cramps for 6 weeks. He also noticed several episodes of tingling around the mouth and in the fingers and toes. He has osteoarthritis of his knees and hypertension. Current medications include ibuprofen and ramipril. He has smoked one pack of cigar... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Destruction of parathyroid glands | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A new mother brings in her 4-week-old son who has no significant past medical history but she complains of a new, itchy rash on his body. The patient has an older sister who developed similar symptoms when she was around the same age. The patient's blood pressure is 121/78 mm Hg, pulse is 70/min, respiratory rate is ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Hot baths that are too long, or too frequent, can dry out the skin. | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 44-year-old G5P3 presents with a 2-year history of leaking urine upon exerting herself, coughing, and laughing. Her symptoms are only present in the daytime. She denies urgency, nocturia, or painful urination. She has no menstrual cycle disturbances. Her husband is her only sexual partner. She has a 12 pack-year sm... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Cystocele | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 31-year-old man comes to the emergency department for acute tearing chest pain that radiates to the back. Despite appropriate therapy, the patient dies. Autopsy shows an increase in mucoid extracellular matrix and loss of smooth muscle cell nuclei in the media of large arteries. Which of the following additional fi... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Pectus carinatum | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider reporting several weeks of fatigue and recent episodes of lightheadedness. She is concerned that she will have an episode while driving. She has never lost consciousness, and reports that there is no associated vertigo or dizziness. She states that she normall... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Microcytic anemia, increased TIBC, decreased ferritin | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 57-year-old man is sent to the emergency department by his primary care physician for hypertension. He was at a general health maintenance appointment when his blood pressure was found to be 180/115 mmHg; thus, prompting his primary doctor to send him to the emergency room. The patient is otherwise currently asympt... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Hypertensive emergency | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 48-year-old man and his wife present to a psychologist’s office for a therapy session. He was encouraged to visit the psychiatrist 6 months ago by his wife and they have been meeting with the psychologist several times a month ever since. Initially, she was concerned about behavioral changes she observed after he w... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Introjection | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 57-year-old woman returns to her primary care provider complaining of fever, skin rash, and flank pain. She had just visited her PCP 2 weeks ago complaining of a sore throat and was diagnosed with pharyngitis. She was then given a 10 day prescription for phenoxymethylpenicillin. Today she is on day 6 of her prescri... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Discontinue the triggering medication(s) | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 30-year-old G3P1011 seeks evaluation at the obstetrics clinic for lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. She is 15 weeks pregnant based on a first-trimester ultrasound. She had spotting early in the pregnancy, but has had no other problems. On physical examination she appears mildly anxious. Her vital signs are... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Threatened abortion | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:An investigator is studying the rate of wound healing by secondary intention. He performs a biopsy of a surgically debrided wound 1 day and 5 days after the initial surgical procedure. The second biopsy shows wound contraction, endothelial cell proliferation, and accumulation of macrophages. The cells responsible for... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Reticular fibers | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 42-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by police. He was found obtunded at a homeless shelter. The patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse, intravenous (IV) drug use, schizophrenia, hepatitis C, and anxiety. His current medications include disulfiram, intramuscular haloperidol, thiamine,... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Fresh frozen plasma | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 36-year-old Asian G4P3 presents to her physician with a recently diagnosed pregnancy for a first prenatal visit. The estimated gestational age is 5 weeks. She had 2 vaginal deliveries and 1 medical abortion. Her children had birth weights of 4100 g and 4560 g. Her medical history is significant for gastroesophageal... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Glucose oral tolerance test | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 24-year-old woman presents with her husband to a physician with the complaints of fever, cough, and cold for the past 5 days. When the physician asks her if she has taken any medication for her symptoms, she answers, “My husband and I possess great powers to heal sickness. So I tried to cure my symptoms with my pow... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Folie à deux | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:Four scientists were trying to measure the effect of a new inhibitor X on the expression levels of transcription factor, HNF4alpha. They measured the inhibition levels by using RT-qPCR. In short they converted the total mRNA of the cells to cDNA (RT part), and used PCR to amplify the cDNA quantifying the amplificatio... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Enveloped, diploid (+) ssRNA | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 25-year-old primigravida is admitted to the hospital at 35 weeks gestation after she was hit in the abdomen by her roommate. She complains of severe dizziness, abdominal pain, and uterine contractions. Her vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg, heart rate 99/min, respiratory rate 20/min, and temper... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Increase in fundal height | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 29-year-old internal medicine resident presents to the emergency department with complaints of fevers, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and skin rash for 2 days. He feels fatigued and has lost his appetite. On further questioning, he says that he returned from his missionary trip to Brazil last week. He is excited as he t... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Schistosoma mansoni | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department for fever and altered mental status. The patient was found by his wife in his chair at home. She noticed he responded incoherently to her questions. He has a past medical history of pancreatitis and alcohol abuse and is currently in a rehabilitation program. His ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Asymptomatic | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 27-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with his family because of abdominal pain, excessive urination and drowsiness since the day before. He has had type 1 diabetes mellitus for 2 years. He ran out of insulin 2 days ago. His vital signs at admission include a temperature of 36.8°C (98.24°F), a bloo... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Anion gap < 10 | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of worsening pain in his lower back, knees, and shoulders over the past few years. He used to be able to touch his fingers to his toes while standing; now he has difficulty touching his shins. He is wearing a shirt with dark brown stains around the armpits. Physical ex... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Tyrosine | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 31-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 28 weeks' gestation comes to the obstetrician for a prenatal visit. She has had a tingling pain in the thumb, index finger, and middle finger of her right hand for the past 6 weeks. Physical examination shows decreased sensation to pinprick touch on the thumb, index finger, ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Thenar atrophy | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 25-year-old man comes to the physician because of a severe headache for 1 hour. Every day of the past week, he has experienced 3–4 episodes of severe pain over his left forehead. Each episode lasts around 30–45 minutes, and he reports pacing around restlessly during these episodes. He has been using acetaminophen f... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Oxygen therapy | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 45-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider for wrist pain. She reports a 4-month history of gradually worsening pain localized to the radial side of her right wrist. The pain is dull, non-radiating, and intermittent. Her past medical history is notable for rheumatoid arthritis and von Willebrand diseas... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Extensor pollicis brevis | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 25-year-old primigravida is admitted to the hospital at 36 weeks gestation with a severe frontal headache. The initial assessment shows her vital signs to be as follows: blood pressure, 170/90 mm Hg; heart rate, 85/min; respiratory rate; 15/min; and temperature, 36.9℃ (98.4℉). The fetal heart rate is 159/min. The p... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Magnesium sulfate | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:An investigator studying the effects of dietary salt restriction on atrial fibrillation compares two published studies, A and B. In study A, nursing home patients without atrial fibrillation were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving a low-salt diet or a control group without dietary salt restriction. When... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Study A allows for better control of confounding variables | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:A 66-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of fever, chills, and altered mental status for 3 days. According to his daughter, he has had a productive cough during this period. He has type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, peripheral neuropathic pain, and a history of deep vein thro... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Disseminated intravascular coagulation | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 40-year-old sexually active woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted to a hospital 2 weeks after an uncomplicated cholecystectomy for pain, itching, and erythema at the incision site. Labs show a hemoglobin A1c of 6.5%, and wound cultures reveal mixed enteric bacteria. She is treated with appropriate antibio... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Self-inflicted wound contamination with fecal matter | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:An 8-year-old boy has a known genetic condition in which the substitution of thymine for adenine in the 6th codon of the beta globin gene leads to a single-point substitution mutation that results in the production of the amino acid valine in place of glutamic acid. The patient comes to the clinic regularly for blood... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Bone marrow hyperplasia | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 65-year-old woman presents with complaints of difficulty sleeping due to discomfort in her legs for the past 6 months. She is unable to describe the discomfort, but says it is an unpleasant, creeping and crawling feeling that is not painful. She feels an irresistible urge to move her legs to decrease the discomfort... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Ropinirole | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A three-year-old girl presents to general pediatrics clinic for a well-child visit. Her mother reports that she has been growing and developing normally but because of new behaviors she has noticed with her child, she is concerned of possible abuse by the child's stepfather. Vital signs are stable and the physical ex... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Simulating intercourse | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:An otherwise healthy 65-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up visit for elevated blood pressure. Three weeks ago, his blood pressure was 160/80 mmHg. Subsequent home blood pressure measurements at days 5, 10, and 15 found: 165/75 mm Hg, 162/82 mm Hg, and 170/80 mmHg, respectively. He had a cold that was... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Decrease in arterial compliance | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department from school after falling in gym class. He was unable to stand after the accident and has a painful and swollen knee. On presentation he says that he has never had an incident like this before; however, he does suffer from hard to control nosebleeds and prolong... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Binds to subendothelial collagen | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:An 81-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her son because of worsening forgetfulness and disorientation over the past 2 years. She has to be reminded of her grandchildren's names and frequently forgets her current address. She lives with her son. She has occasional episodes of urinary incontinence. She appe... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Galantamine | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 2-day-old female infant undergoes a newborn examination by her pediatrician. The physician adducts both of the patient's hips and exerts a posterior force on her knees; this results in an abnormally increased amount of translation of the left lower extremity in comparison to the contralateral side. The physician th... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Deformation | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his parents because of swelling and tenderness of his left upper arm. According to the father, the boy was running in the garden when he fell and injured his arm 2 days ago. His mother had been on a business trip the past week. The boy's father and 18-year-old brothe... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Notify Child Protective Services | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 36-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of lightheadedness, weakness, and abdominal pain for 6 hours. Over the past 3 days, she has also had severe nausea, vomiting, and watery diarrhea. She was diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis 2 years ago. Current medications include prednisone. Her te... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Decreased corticotropin-releasing hormone | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 59-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for trouble sleeping. The patient states that when she goes to bed at night she has an urge to get up out of bed and walk around. The patient often wakes her husband when she does this which irritates him. She states that there is a perpetual uneasiness and f... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Iron studies | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought by his mother to the emergency room for malaise, dizziness, and sleepiness. The mother owns a dry cleaning shop and found her son in the back room with an open canister of carbon tetrachloride, one of their cleaning fluids. The boy reports feeling nauseous and has a mild headache. He has a... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Hepatocytes | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 73-year-old male is brought into the ED unconscious with cold, clammy skin. His blood pressure is 65 over palpable. There is no signs of blood loss. You recognize the patient is in acute shock and blood is drawn for investigation as resuscitation is initiated. Which of the following might you expect in your laborat... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Increased blood lactate | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 65-year-old woman presents to the clinic for a routine checkup. She has unintentionally lost 4.5 kg (9.9 lb) in the past month but denies any other complaints. Her pulse rate is 90/min, respiratory rate is 18/min, temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), and blood pressure is 150/70 mm Hg. An irregularly irregular rhythm is... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Toxic multinodular goiter | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 79-year-old man presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain. The patient describes the pain as severe, tearing, and radiating to the back. His history is significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, intermittent claudication, and a 60 pack-year history of smoking. He also has a previously diagnosed st... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Surgery | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 66-year old man comes to the physician because of fatigue for 6 months. He says that he wakes up every morning feeling tired. Most days of the week he feels sleepy during the day and often takes an afternoon nap for an hour. His wife says he snores in the middle of the night. He has a history of heart failure and a... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: In-laboratory polysomnography | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A previously healthy 48-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of a nonpruritic rash on his right forearm. The rash began as pustules and progressed to form nodules and ulcers. He works as a gardener. Physical examination shows right axillary lymphadenopathy and the findings in the photograph... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Sporothrix schenckii | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of arm pain following a fall that took place 5 hours ago. According to his mother, the boy was running in the yard when he fell and injured his right arm. The boy is crying and clutching his arm. During the past year, he has been brought in 4 other times for extrem... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Type 1 collagen defect " | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:An investigator is studying the immunologic response to a Staphylococcus aureus toxin in a mouse model. Fourteen days after injecting mice with this toxin, he isolates antibodies against neutrophil proteinase 3 in their sera. A patient with high concentrations of these antibodies would most likely present with which ... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Nasal mucosal ulcerations and hematuria | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to her gynecologist’s office complaining of increasing fatigue. She mentions that she has been feeling this way over the past few months especially since her menstrual periods started becoming heavier than usual. She denies any abdominal pain, except for cramps during menstruation which a... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Ultrasound of the pelvis | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the clinic for recurrent bedwetting. The child has an intellectual disability; thus, the mother is providing most of the history. She states that the child constantly drinks fluids and has a difficult time making it to the bathroom as often as he needs. Therefore, he sometimes wets hims... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Defect of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter at the thick ascending loop of Henle | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the emergency department by his parents because of 4 episodes of vomiting that occurred that morning. The parents report that the vomit was yellowish-green with no blood in it. The patient was born at 38 weeks' gestation via vaginal delivery and has generally been healthy. He has pa... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Upper gastrointestinal contrast series | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 36-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of progressively worsening pain on the outer side of her left elbow. She does not recall any trauma to the area. The patient plays badminton recreationally. Examination shows tenderness over the lateral surface of the left distal humerus. The pain... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Repeated wrist extension | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 12-year-old girl is brought to an oncologist, as she was recently diagnosed with a rare form of cancer. Cytogenetic studies reveal that the tumor is responsive to vinblastine, which is a cell-cycle specific anticancer agent. It acts on the M phase of the cell cycle and inhibits the growth of cells. Which of the fol... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Cyclin-dependent activation of CDK1 (CDC2) takes place upon the entry of a cell into M phase of the cell cycle. | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 12-year-old boy presents to the pediatrician for a routine checkup. He and his family immigrated from Pakistan to the United States when he was 9 years of age. Per his mother, he had measles when he was 4 years of age and a high fever following a sore throat at the age 7. He received all appropriate vaccinations wh... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Reversal of left-to-right shunting | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 68-year-old man seeks evaluation at an office with a complaint of breathlessness of several months duration. He is able to do his daily tasks, but says that he is not as efficient as before. His breathlessness has been progressive with the recent onset of a dry cough. The past medical history is significant for a c... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Amiodarone | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A child with which of the following diseases would have the highest morbidity from being outside during a hot summer day?? {'A': 'Tay-Sachs disease', 'B': 'Cystic fibrosis', 'C': 'Cerebral palsy', 'D': 'Down syndrome', 'E': 'Asthma'}, | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Cystic fibrosis | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:An investigator is studying bone metabolism and compares the serum studies and bone biopsy findings of a cohort of women 25–35 years of age with those from a cohort of women 55–65 years of age. Which of the following processes is most likely to be increased in the cohort of older women?? {'A': 'Expression of RANK lig... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Expression of RANK ligand | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:An 82-year-old man comes to the physician complaining of frequent urination, especially at night, and difficulty initiating urination. However, he points out that his symptoms have improved slightly since he started terazosin 2 months ago. He has a history of stable angina. Other medications include nitroglycerin, me... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Finasteride | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 53-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis comes to the physician for a follow-up examination one week after being discharged from the hospital. While she was in the hospital, she received acetaminophen and erythropoietin. This patient most likely has which of the following additional conditions?? {'A': 'Factor VI... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Anemia of chronic disease | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 24-year-old man presents to the emergency department after an altercation at a local bar. The patient was stabbed in the abdomen with a 6 inch kitchen knife in the epigastric region. His temperature is 97°F (36.1°C), blood pressure is 97/68 mmHg, pulse is 127/min, respirations are 19/min, and oxygen saturation is 9... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Exploratory laparotomy | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 68-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after collapsing on the street. On arrival, he is obtunded. His pulse is 110/min and blood pressure is 250/120 mm Hg. A CT scan of the head shows an intracerebral hemorrhage involving bilateral thalamic nuclei and the third ventricle. Cortical detect... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Olfactory | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:Which of the following events is likely to occur in the germinal center?? {'A': 'Development of early pro-B cells', 'B': 'Development of immature B cells', 'C': 'T-cell negative selection', 'D': 'Isotype switching', 'E': 'Formation of double-positive T cells'}, | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Isotype switching | medical_meadow_medqa | General |
Q:A 2-week-old infant is brought to the physician by her father because of a 1-week history of vaginal discharge. The discharge was initially clear, but now he notices that it is tinged with blood. The father is also concerned about “bruises” on his daughter's back and buttocks. Both parents work so that the infant spe... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Reassurance | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:An 11-year-old boy is brought to the physician for a follow-up examination. He has been having difficulties with his schoolwork over the past 4 years. He has a seizure disorder treated with valproic acid. He was able to walk independently at the age of 3 years and was able to use a fork and spoon at the age of 4 year... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Optic glioma | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 54-year-old woman presents with increasing shortness of breath on exertion for the past few months. She also complains of associated fatigue and some balance issues. The patient denies swelling of her feet and difficulty breathing at night or while lying down. Physical examination is significant for conjunctival pa... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Methylmalonyl-CoA | medical_meadow_medqa | Diagnosis |
Q:A 41-year-old construction worker presents to the office complaining of a progressively worsening breathlessness for the last 2 months. He has no other complaints. His medical history is significant for hypertension being treated with lisinopril-hydrochlorothiazide and gastroesophageal reflux disease being treated wi... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Bronchogenic carcinoma | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 28-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her friends. She is naked except for a blanket and speaking rapidly and incoherently. Her friends say that she was found watering her garden naked and refused to put on any clothes when they tried to make her do so, saying that she has accepted how beautif... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Inhibition of inositol monophosphatase and inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 25-year-old woman presents with intense vaginal pruritus and pain for the past week. She says the pain is worse when she urinates. Her last menstrual period was 4 weeks ago. She is sexually active, has a single partner, and uses condoms infrequently. She denies any recent history of fevers, chills, abdominal or fla... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Oral fluconazole for the patient alone | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 28-year-old man presents to the office complaining of a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty opening his mouth for the past 5 days. He states that he had symptoms like this before and "was given some antibiotics that made him feel better". He is up to date on his immunizations. On examination, his tem... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | B: Lemierre syndrome | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A healthy 48-year-old presents for a well-patient visit. He has no symptoms and feels well. Past medical history is significant for asthma, chronic sinusitis, and nasal polyps. He occasionally takes diphenhydramine for allergies. Both of his parents and an elder brother are in good health. Today, his blood pressure i... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Have you had a reaction to aspirin in the past? | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 24-day-old neonate is brought to the emergency department by his parents with high-grade fever, inability to feed, and lethargy. Since his birth, he was active and energetic, feeding every 2-3 hours and making 6-8 wet diapers every day until 2 days ago when he vomited twice, developed diarrhea, and slowly became le... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Dura layer | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:Five days after undergoing an open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, a 68-year-old woman has crampy abdominal pain. During this period, she has also had two episodes of loose, bloody stools. Her surgery was complicated by severe blood loss requiring the administration of vasopressors and multiple transfusions. Cefazo... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | D: Ischemic colitis | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the emergency room 30 minutes after the sudden onset of chest pain radiating to the left shoulder. Prior to the onset of her symptoms, she was lying in bed because of a migraine headache. Episodes of similar chest pain usually resolved after a couple of minutes. She has smoked one pack of... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Diltiazem " | medical_meadow_medqa | Medication |
Q:A 34-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, is admitted to the hospital because of shortness of breath and fatigue 2 weeks after delivery of a full-term female newborn. She has no history of major medical illness. Cardiac examination on admission shows an S3 gallop and a grade 2/6 holosystolic murmur heard best at the ap... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | A: Mitral annular dilatation | medical_meadow_medqa | Symptoms |
Q:A 31-year-old woman presents to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She feels well and has no current complaints. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. The vital signs include: blood pressure 185/110 mm Hg, pulse 75/min, and respiration rate 12/min. Her high blood pre... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
Q:A 57-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after having chest pain for the last hour. He rates his pain as 8/10, dull in character, and says it is associated with sweating and shortness of breath. He has a history of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. His current medication list includes amlodipine, asp... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | E: Percutaneous coronary intervention | medical_meadow_medqa | Treatment |
Q:A 67-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of fatigue and weight loss. Physical examination shows jaundice. The liver is palpated 3 cm below the right costal margin. Serum studies show an elevated alpha-fetoprotein and a prolonged prothrombin time. Genetic analysis of a liver biopsy specime... | Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | C: Dietary aflatoxin exposure | medical_meadow_medqa | Prevention |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
No dataset card yet
- Downloads last month
- 90