message stringlengths 1 26k | message_type stringclasses 3 values | message_id int64 0 2 | conversation_id int64 31 867k | cluster float64 76 76 | __index_level_0__ int64 93 2.6M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
asthma Question. What is the consensus of medical doctors as to whether asthma can be cured? And do you have an article discussing whether asthma can be cured? | instruction | 0 | 31 | 76 | 93 |
Asthma symptoms can be managed but not cured. | output | 1 | 31 | 76 | 94 |
Asthma (How is asthma treated?): Asthma is a chronic disease. This means that it can be treated but not cured. However, some people are able to manage asthma so that symptoms do not happen again or happen rarely. You can take steps to control asthma and prevent problems by: | input | 2 | 31 | 76 | 95 |
asthma Question. What is the consensus of medical doctors as to whether asthma can be cured? And do you have an article discussing whether asthma can be cured? | instruction | 0 | 32 | 76 | 96 |
Asthma symptoms can be managed but not cured. | output | 1 | 32 | 76 | 97 |
Asthma (Outlook (Prognosis)): There is no cure for asthma, although symptoms sometimes improve over time. With proper self-management and medical treatment, most people with asthma can lead a normal life. | input | 2 | 32 | 76 | 98 |
Bipolar and Generalized Anxiety Disorder I read about TMS Therapy. Do you know anything about it? Has it had success? Also wondering about ECT? Finally, I've been told acupuncture can help for mood disorders. Is that true for mixed bipolar and generalized anxiety disorder along with meds? Have you ever heard of this? | instruction | 0 | 38 | 76 | 114 |
Generalized anxiety disorder may be helped by talk therapy or medications. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective talk therapy. It teaches controlling stress and panic-causing thoughts. Reducing caffeine, avoiding alcohol and drugs, exercise, healthy eating and getting enough rest also helps. Support groups could be a helpful addition. | output | 1 | 38 | 76 | 115 |
Generalized anxiety disorder: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a mental disorder in which a person is often worried or anxious about many things and finds it hard to control this anxiety. The cause of GAD is unknown. Genes may play a role. Stress may also contribute to the development of GAD. GAD is a common condition. Anyone can develop this disorder, even children. GAD occurs more often in women than in men. The main symptom is frequent worry or tension for at least 6 months, even when there is little or no clear cause. Worries seem to float from one problem to another. Problems may involve family, other relationships, work, school, money, and health. Even when aware that worries or fears are stronger than appropriate for the situation, a person with GAD still has difficulty controlling them. Other symptoms of GAD include: - Problems concentrating - Fatigue - Irritability - Problems falling or staying asleep, or sleep that is restless and unsatisfying - Restlessness when awake The person may also have other physical symptoms. These can include muscle tension, upset stomach, sweating, or difficulty breathing. There is no test that can make a diagnosis of GAD. The diagnosis is based on your answers to questions about the symptoms of GAD. Your health care provider will ask about these symptoms. You will also be asked about other aspects of your mental and physical health. A physical exam or lab tests may be done to rule out other conditions that cause similar symptoms. The goal of treatment is to help you feel better and function well in daily life. Talk therapy or medicine alone can be helpful. Sometimes, a combination of these may work best. TALK THERAPY Many types of talk therapy may be helpful for GAD. One common and effective talk therapy is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT can help you understand the relationship between your thoughts, behaviors, and symptoms. Often CBT involves a set number of visits. During CBT you can learn how to: - Understand and gain control of distorted views of stressors, such as other people's behavior or life events. - Recognize and replace panic-causing thoughts to help you feel more in control. - Manage stress and relax when symptoms occur. - Avoid thinking that minor problems will develop into terrible ones. Other types of talk therapy may also be helpful in managing symptoms of an anxiety disorder. MEDICINES Certain medicines, usually used to treat depression, may be very helpful for this disorder. They work by preventing your symptoms or making them less severe. You must take these medicines every day. DO NOT stop taking them without talking with your provider. Medicines called sedatives or hypnotics may also be prescribed. - These medicines should only be taken under a doctor's direction. - Your doctor will prescribe a limited amount of these drugs. They should not to be used everyday. - They may be used when symptoms become very severe or when you are about to be exposed to something that always brings on your symptoms. - If you are prescribed a sedative, do not drink alcohol while on this medicine. SELF-CARE Other than taking medicine and going to therapy, you can help yourself get better by: - Reducing caffeine - Not using street drugs or large amounts of alcohol - Exercising, getting enough rest, and eating healthy foods You can ease the stress of having GAD by joining a support group. Sharing with others who have common experiences and problems can help you not feel alone. Support groups are usually not a good substitute for talk therapy or taking medicine, but can be a helpful addition. Resources for more information include: Anxiety and Depression Association of America: www.adaa.org National Institute of Mental Health: www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml How well a person does depends on how severe the condition is. In some cases, GAD is long-term and is difficult to treat. Most people, though, get better with medicine and/or talk therapy. Depression and substance abuse may occur with an anxiety disorder. Call your provider if you frequently worry or feel anxious, especially if it interferes with your daily activities. Updated by: Fred K. Berger, MD, addiction and forensic psychiatrist, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. | input | 2 | 38 | 76 | 116 |
Bipolar and Generalized Anxiety Disorder I read about TMS Therapy. Do you know anything about it? Has it had success? Also wondering about ECT? Finally, I've been told acupuncture can help for mood disorders. Is that true for mixed bipolar and generalized anxiety disorder along with meds? Have you ever heard of this? | instruction | 0 | 40 | 76 | 120 |
Generalized anxiety disorder may be helped by talk therapy, medications, and better care for your body and relationships. It is important to get enough sleep, eat right, keep regular daily schedule, exercise and get out of the house every day, and stay away from alcohol and street drugs. Talking with family or friends and joining group activities when you get nervous could be helpful. | output | 1 | 40 | 76 | 121 |
What are the treatments for Generalized anxiety disorder - self-care?: Taking medicine and going to talk therapy can get you started on the road to feeling better. It can also help you take care of your body and relationships. To help improve your condition: - Get enough sleep. - Eat healthy foods. - Keep a regular daily schedule. - Get out of the house every day. - Exercise every day. Even a little bit of exercise, such as a 15-minute walk, can help. - Stay away from alcohol and street drugs. - Talk with family or friends when you feel nervous or frightened. - Find out about different types of group activities you can join. | input | 2 | 40 | 76 | 122 |
Please help me with my brother with locked-in syndrome in for 3 years.Somebody please help. God bless . | instruction | 0 | 59 | 76 | 177 |
People with locked-in syndrome may regain functions in rare cases, but the chances for motor recovery are very limited. | output | 1 | 59 | 76 | 178 |
Locked-In Syndrome (Prognosis): While in rare cases some patients may regain certain functions, the chances for motor recovery are very limited. | input | 2 | 59 | 76 | 179 |
Can you mail me patient information about Glaucoma, I was recently diagnosed and want to learn all I can about the disease. | instruction | 0 | 103 | 76 | 309 |
Glaucoma is diagnosed by a complete eye exam. The test to check your eye pressure, tonometry, can give different results at different times of the day, sometimes they are even normal in people with glaucoma. Other tests to confirm glaucoma may include looking at the angle of the eye using a special lens, optic nerve imaging, checking retina and pupils how respond to light, slit lamp examination, testing visual acuity and the field of vision. | output | 1 | 103 | 76 | 310 |
Glaucoma (Exams and Tests): The only way to diagnose glaucoma is by having a complete eye exam. - You will be given a test to check your eye pressure. This is called tonometry. - In most cases, you will be given eye drops to widen (dilate) your pupil. - When your pupil is dilated, your eye doctor will look at the inside of your eye and the optic nerve. Eye pressure is different at different times of the day. Eye pressure can even be normal in some people with glaucoma. So you will need other tests to confirm glaucoma. They may include: - Using a special lens to look at the angle of the eye (gonioscopy). - Photographs or laser scanning images of the inside of your eye (optic nerve imaging). - Checking your retina. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eye. - Checking how your pupil responds to light (pupillary reflex response). - 3-D view of your eye (slit lamp examination). - Testing the clearness of your vision (visual acuity). - Testing your field of vision (visual field measurement). | input | 2 | 103 | 76 | 311 |
Can you mail me patient information about Glaucoma, I was recently diagnosed and want to learn all I can about the disease. | instruction | 0 | 104 | 76 | 312 |
Your doctor will recommend how to manage open-angle glaucoma and preserve your sight. Closed-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to save your vision. Treatments for secondary glaucomas depend on the causes of the disorder. | output | 1 | 104 | 76 | 313 |
Glaucoma (Outlook (Prognosis)): Open-angle glaucoma cannot be cured. You can manage it and keep your sight by following your provider's directions. Closed-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency. You need treatment right away to save your vision. Babies with congenital glaucoma usually do well when surgery is done early. How you do with secondary glaucoma depends on what is causing the condition. | input | 2 | 104 | 76 | 314 |
Hello, I have a scoliosis problem plz help me I want its treatment I can send my x.ray also | instruction | 0 | 116 | 76 | 348 |
Most children with scoliosis have mild curves and do not need treatment. If your child's bones are still growing and he or she has moderate scoliosis, your doctor may recommend a brace. To start treatment with braces the doctors will consider the following: risk of progression is higher in girls, larger or double curves, also known as S-shaped curves are more likely to worsen, curves located in the center (thoracic) section of the spine worsen more often, and child's age. If a child's bones have stopped growing, the risk of curve progression is low. For severe scoliosis, your doctor might suggest surgery to reduce the severity of the spinal curve and to prevent it from getting worse. The most common type of scoliosis surgery is called spinal fusion. In spinal fusion, surgeons connect two or more of the bones in the spine (vertebrae) together. | output | 1 | 116 | 76 | 349 |
Scoliosis (Treatment): Most children with scoliosis have mild curves and probably won't need treatment with a brace or surgery. Children who have mild scoliosis may need checkups every four to six months to see if there have been changes in the curvature of their spines. While there are guidelines for mild, moderate and severe curves, the decision to begin treatment is always made on an individual basis. Factors to be considered include: - Sex. Girls have a much higher risk of progression than do boys. - Severity of curve. Larger curves are more likely to worsen with time. - Curve pattern. Double curves, also known as S-shaped curves, tend to worsen more often than do C-shaped curves. - Location of curve. Curves located in the center (thoracic) section of the spine worsen more often than do curves in the upper or lower sections of the spine. - Maturity. If a child's bones have stopped growing, the risk of curve progression is low. That also means that braces have the most effect in children whose bones are still growing. Braces If your child's bones are still growing and he or she has moderate scoliosis, your doctor may recommend a brace. Wearing a brace won't cure scoliosis or reverse the curve, but it usually prevents further progression of the curve. The most common type of brace is made of plastic and is contoured to conform to the body. This close-fitting brace is almost invisible under the clothes, as it fits under the arms and around the rib cage, lower back and hips. Most braces are worn day and night. A brace's effectiveness increases with the number of hours a day it's worn. Children who wear braces can usually participate in most activities and have few restrictions. If necessary, kids can take off the brace to participate in sports or other physical activities. Braces are discontinued after the bones stop growing. This typically occurs: - About two years after girls begin to menstruate - When boys need to shave daily - When there are no further changes in height Surgery Severe scoliosis typically progresses with time, so your doctor might suggest scoliosis surgery to reduce the severity of the spinal curve and to prevent it from getting worse. The most common type of scoliosis surgery is called spinal fusion. In spinal fusion, surgeons connect two or more of the bones in the spine (vertebrae) together, so they can't move independently. Pieces of bone or a bone-like material are placed between the vertebrae. Metal rods, hooks, screws or wires typically hold that part of the spine straight and still while the old and new bone material fuses together. If the scoliosis is progressing rapidly at a young age, surgeons can install a rod that can adjust in length as the child grows. This growing rod is attached to the top and bottom sections of the spinal curvature, and is usually lengthened every six months. Complications of spinal surgery may include bleeding, infection, pain or nerve damage. Rarely, the bone fails to heal and another surgery may be needed. | input | 2 | 116 | 76 | 350 |
Hello, I have a scoliosis problem plz help me I want its treatment I can send my x.ray also | instruction | 0 | 119 | 76 | 357 |
Outlook for people with scoliosis depends on the type, cause, and severity of the curve. People with mild scoliosis do well with braces. As people get older, they might experience back pain. | output | 1 | 119 | 76 | 358 |
Scoliosis (Outlook (Prognosis)): How well a person with scoliosis does depends on the type, cause, and severity of the curve. The more severe the curving, the more likely it will get worse after the child stops growing. People with mild scoliosis do well with braces. They usually do not have long-term problems. Back pain may be more likely when the person gets older. Outlook for those with neuromuscular or congenital scoliosis varies. They may have another serious disorder, such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy, so their goals are much different. Often, the goal of surgery is simply to allow a child to be able to sit upright in a wheelchair. Congenital scoliosis is difficult to treat and usually requires many surgeries. | input | 2 | 119 | 76 | 359 |
Hello, I have a scoliosis problem plz help me I want its treatment I can send my x.ray also | instruction | 0 | 120 | 76 | 360 |
Most people with idiopathic scoliosis do not need treatment, but should be checked by a doctor about every 6 months. For people with scoliosis of unknown causes and who are still growing, doctors may recommend a back brace to prevent further curving. People with mild scoliosis do well with braces. They usually do not have long-term problems. If the spine curve is severe or progresses quickly, your doctor may suggest surgery to correct the curve. Some children my need emotional support. Physical therapists and other specialists could explain the treatments and make sure the brace fits correctly. | output | 1 | 120 | 76 | 361 |
Scoliosis (Treatment): Treatment depends on many things: - The cause of scoliosis - Where the curve is in your spine - How big the curve is - If your body is still growing Most people with idiopathic scoliosis do not need treatment. But you should still be checked by a doctor about every 6 months. If you are still growing, your doctor might recommend a back brace. A back brace prevents further curving. There are many different types of braces. What kind you get depends on the size and location of your curve. Your provider will pick the best one for you and show you how to use it. Back braces can be adjusted as you grow. Back braces work best in people over age 10. Braces do not work for those with congenital or neuromuscular scoliosis. You may need surgery if the spine curve is severe or getting worse very quickly. Surgery involves correcting the curve as much as possible: - Surgery is done with a cut through the back, belly area, or beneath the ribs. - The spine bones are held in place with 1 or 2 metal rods. The rods are held down with hooks and screws until the bone heals together. - After surgery, you may need to wear a brace for a while to keep the spine still. Scoliosis treatment may also include: - Emotional support: Some children, especially teens, may be self-conscious when using a back brace. - Physical therapy and other specialists to help explain the treatments and make sure the brace fits correctly. | input | 2 | 120 | 76 | 362 |
I am 23yr boy,i have knock knees i want treatment. Please help me. | instruction | 0 | 140 | 76 | 420 |
Children normally outgrow knock knees without treatment, unless it is caused by a disease. If surgery is needed, the results are most often good. | output | 1 | 140 | 76 | 421 |
Knock knees (Outlook (Prognosis)): Children normally outgrow knock knees without treatment, unless it is caused by a disease. If surgery is needed, the results are most often good. | input | 2 | 140 | 76 | 422 |
I have no help its about 4 years now I have ingrown toenail i have a problem of ingrown toenail its about 4 years now I have this problem i need help | instruction | 0 | 148 | 76 | 444 |
If your ingrown toenail is not healing, call your doctor | output | 1 | 148 | 76 | 445 |
Ingrown toenail removal – discharge (When to Call the Doctor): Call your provider if you notice: - Your toenail is not healing - Fever - Pain, even after taking pain-relief medicine - Bleeding from the toenail - Pus from the toenail - Swelling or redness of the toe or foot - Regrowth of the nail into the skin of the toe | input | 2 | 148 | 76 | 446 |
I am suffering from Kartagener's syndrome and wanted information from you or from Dr. . for this syndrome. (About fertility) and if possible other symptoms. Thank you. | instruction | 0 | 155 | 76 | 465 |
The long-term outlook for people with Kartagener syndrome varies widely and largely depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. With appropriate treatment, the progression of lung disease can be slowed and other complications such as hearing loss can be avoided. | output | 1 | 155 | 76 | 466 |
Kartagener syndrome (Prognosis): The long-term outlook for people with Kartagener syndrome varies widely and largely depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. Chronic childhood infections can be very debilitating. However, with appropriate treatment, the progression of lung disease can be slowed and other complications such as hearing loss can be avoided. [3] [2] [5] | input | 2 | 155 | 76 | 467 |
If oleandor was ingested by touching the plant stems inner part and then directly eating without washing hands, how long would u exspect symptoms would start? And how severe would you say symptoms may get. | instruction | 0 | 191 | 76 | 573 |
The faster you get medical help, the better the chance for recovery. Symptoms last for 1 to 3 days and may require a hospital stay. Death is unlikely. | output | 1 | 191 | 76 | 574 |
Oleander poisoning (Outlook (Prognosis)): How well you do depends on the amount of poison swallowed and how quickly treatment is received. The faster you get medical help, the better the chance for recovery. Symptoms last for 1 to 3 days and may require a hospital stay. Death is unlikely. DO NOT touch or eat any plant with which you are not familiar. Wash your hands after working in the garden or walking in the woods. | input | 2 | 191 | 76 | 575 |
Psoriasis for past 7-8 years I had psoriasis on my scalp for nearly 10 years. Please give suggestions and medications. | instruction | 0 | 215 | 76 | 645 |
Some people may benefit from a psoriasis support group. The National Psoriasis Foundation is a good resource: www.psoriasis.org. | output | 1 | 215 | 76 | 646 |
Psoriasis (Support Groups): Some people may benefit from a psoriasis support group. The National Psoriasis Foundation is a good resource: www.psoriasis.org. | input | 2 | 215 | 76 | 647 |
Is it necessary to go to the dr. when getting a skull fracture? | instruction | 0 | 228 | 76 | 684 |
Get medical help right away if: - There are problems with breathing or circulation. - Direct pressure does not stop bleeding from the nose, ears, or wound. - There is drainage of clear fluid from the nose or ears. - There is facial swelling, bleeding, or bruising. - There is an object protruding from the skull. - The person is unconscious, is experiencing convulsions, has multiple injuries, appears to be in any distress, or cannot think clearly. | output | 1 | 228 | 76 | 685 |
Skull fracture (When to Contact a Medical Professional): Get medical help right away if: - There are problems with breathing or circulation. - Direct pressure does not stop bleeding from the nose, ears, or wound. - There is drainage of clear fluid from the nose or ears. - There is facial swelling, bleeding, or bruising. - There is an object protruding from the skull. - The person is unconscious, is experiencing convulsions, has multiple injuries, appears to be in any distress, or cannot think clearly. | input | 2 | 228 | 76 | 686 |
Is it necessary to go to the dr. when getting a skull fracture? | instruction | 0 | 229 | 76 | 687 |
If you think someone has a skull fracture call 911 (or the local emergency number) for medical assistance. Check the airways, breathing, and circulation. and begin rescue breathing and CPR, if needed. Avoid moving the person (unless absolutely necessary) until medical help arrives. | output | 1 | 229 | 76 | 688 |
What to do for Skull fracture?: If you think someone has a skull fracture: - Check the airways, breathing, and circulation. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR. - Avoid moving the person (unless absolutely necessary) until medical help arrives. Have someone to call 911 (or the local emergency number) for medical assistance. - If the person must be moved, take care to stabilize the head and neck. Place your hands on both sides of the head and under the shoulders. Do not allow the head to bend forward or backward, or to twist or turn. - Carefully check the site of injury, but do not probe in or around the site with a foreign object. It can be hard to know if the skull is fractured or depressed (dented in) at the site of injury. - If there is bleeding, apply firm pressure with a clean cloth over a broad area to control blood loss. - If blood soaks through, do not remove the original cloth. Instead, apply more cloths on top, and continue to apply pressure. - If the person is vomiting, stabilize the head and neck, and carefully turn the victim to the side to prevent choking on vomit. - If the person is conscious and experiencing any of the previously listed symptoms, transport to the nearest emergency medical facility (even if the patient does not think medical help is needed). | input | 2 | 229 | 76 | 689 |
Is it necessary to go to the dr. when getting a skull fracture? | instruction | 0 | 230 | 76 | 690 |
Call 911 (or the local emergency number) for medical assistance. Check the airways, breathing, and circulation. and begin rescue breathing and CPR, if needed. Avoid moving the person (unless absolutely necessary) until medical help arrives. Get medical help right away if: - There are problems with breathing or circulation. - Direct pressure does not stop bleeding from the nose, ears, or wound. - There is drainage of clear fluid from the nose or ears. - There is facial swelling, bleeding, or bruising. - There is an object protruding from the skull. - The person is unconscious, is experiencing convulsions, has multiple injuries, appears to be in any distress, or cannot think clearly. | output | 1 | 230 | 76 | 691 |
Skull fracture: A skull fracture is a fracture or break in the cranial (skull) bones. Skull fractures may occur with head injuries. The skull provides good protection for the brain. However, a severe impact or blow can cause the skull to break. It may be accompanied by concussion or other injury to the brain. The brain can be affected directly by damage to the nervous system tissue and bleeding. The brain can also be affected by bleeding under the skull . This can compress the underlying brain tissue (subdural or epidural hematoma). A simple fracture is a break in the bone without damage to the skin. A linear skull fracture is a break in a cranial bone resembling a thin line, without splintering, depression, or distortion of bone. A depressed skull fracture is a break in a cranial bone (or "crushed" portion of skull) with depression of the bone in toward the brain. A compound fracture involves a break in, or loss of, skin and splintering of the bone. Causes of skull fracture can include: - Head trauma - Falls, automobile accidents, physical assault, and sports Symptoms may include: - Bleeding from wound, ears, nose, or around eyes - Bruising behind the ears or under the eyes - Changes in pupils (sizes unequal, not reactive to light) - Confusion - Convulsions - Difficulties with balance - Drainage of clear or bloody fluid from ears or nose - Drowsiness - Headache - Loss of consciousness - Nausea and vomiting - Restlessness, irritability - Slurred speech - Stiff neck - Swelling - Visual disturbances In some cases, the only symptom may be a bump on the head. A bump or bruise may take up to 24 hours to develop. Take the following steps if you think someone has a skull fracture: - Check the airways, breathing, and circulation. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR. - Avoid moving the person (unless absolutely necessary) until medical help arrives. Have someone to call 911 (or the local emergency number) for medical assistance. - If the person must be moved, take care to stabilize the head and neck. Place your hands on both sides of the head and under the shoulders. Do not allow the head to bend forward or backward, or to twist or turn. - Carefully check the site of injury, but do not probe in or around the site with a foreign object. It can be hard to know if the skull is fractured or depressed (dented in) at the site of injury. - If there is bleeding, apply firm pressure with a clean cloth over a broad area to control blood loss. - If blood soaks through, do not remove the original cloth. Instead, apply more cloths on top, and continue to apply pressure. - If the person is vomiting, stabilize the head and neck, and carefully turn the victim to the side to prevent choking on vomit. - If the person is conscious and experiencing any of the previously listed symptoms, transport to the nearest emergency medical facility (even if the person does not think medical help is needed). Follow these precautions: - Do NOT move the person unless absolutely necessary. Head injuries may be associated with spinal injuries. - Do NOT remove protruding objects. - Do NOT allow the person to continue with physical activities. - Do NOT forget to watch the person closely until medical help arrives. - Do NOT give the person any medicines before talking to a doctor. - Do NOT leave the person alone, even if there are no obvious problems. Get medical help right away if: - There are problems with breathing or circulation. - Direct pressure does not stop bleeding from the nose, ears, or wound. - There is drainage of clear fluid from the nose or ears. - There is facial swelling, bleeding, or bruising. - There is an object protruding from the skull. - The person is unconscious, is experiencing convulsions, has multiple injuries, appears to be in any distress, or cannot think clearly. Not all head injuries can be prevented. The following simple steps can help keep you and your child safe: - Always use safety equipment during activities that could cause a head injury. These include seat belts, bicycle or motorcycle helmets, and hard hats. - Learn and follow bicycle safety recommendations. - Do not drink and drive. Do not allow yourself to be driven by someone who may have been drinking alcohol or is otherwise impaired. Updated by: Jesse Borke, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, Attending Physician at FDR Medical Services/Millard Fillmore Suburban Hospital, Buffalo, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. | input | 2 | 230 | 76 | 692 |
Is it necessary to go to the dr. when getting a skull fracture? | instruction | 0 | 231 | 76 | 693 |
Do NOT move the person unless absolutely necessary. Head injuries may be associated with spinal injuries. - Do NOT remove protruding objects. - Do NOT allow the person to continue with physical activities. - Do NOT forget to watch the person closely until medical help arrives. - Do NOT give the person any medicines before talking to a doctor. - Do NOT leave the person alone, even if there are no obvious problems. | output | 1 | 231 | 76 | 694 |
What to do for Skull fracture?: - Do NOT move the person unless absolutely necessary. Head injuries may be associated with spinal injuries. - Do NOT remove protruding objects. - Do NOT allow the person to continue with physical activities. - Do NOT forget to watch the person closely until medical help arrives. - Do NOT give the person any medicines before talking to a doctor. - Do NOT leave the person alone, even if there are no obvious problems. | input | 2 | 231 | 76 | 695 |
varicella shingles How can I determine whether or not I've had chicken pox. If there is a test for it, what are the results of the tests I need to know that will tell me whether or not I have had chicken pox? I want to know this to determine if I should have shingles vaccine (Zostavax) Thank you. | instruction | 0 | 254 | 76 | 762 |
Your health care provider can diagnose chickenpox. Lab tests can help confirm the diagnosis. | output | 1 | 254 | 76 | 763 |
Chickenpox (Exams and Tests): Your health care provider can most often diagnose chickenpox by looking at the rash and asking questions about the person's medical history. Small blisters on the scalp confirm the diagnosis in most cases. Lab tests can help confirm the diagnosis, if needed. | input | 2 | 254 | 76 | 764 |
what is the cause of ocd | instruction | 0 | 281 | 76 | 843 |
The known risk factors of developing obsessive-compulsive disorder are having parents or other family members with the disorder, traumatic or stressful life events, and having other mental health disorders, such as anxiety disorders, depression, substance abuse or tic disorders. | output | 1 | 281 | 76 | 844 |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (Risk factors): Factors that may increase the risk of developing or triggering obsessive-compulsive disorder include: - Family history. Having parents or other family members with the disorder can increase your risk of developing OCD. - Stressful life events. If you've experienced traumatic or stressful events, your risk may increase. This reaction may, for some reason, trigger the intrusive thoughts, rituals and emotional distress characteristic of OCD. - Other mental health disorders. OCD may be related to other mental health disorders, such as anxiety disorders, depression, substance abuse or tic disorders. | input | 2 | 281 | 76 | 845 |
what is the cause of ocd | instruction | 0 | 282 | 76 | 846 |
The causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder are unknown. The risk factors may be the changes in the body's own natural chemistry or brain functions; genetics; and environmental factors such as infections. | output | 1 | 282 | 76 | 847 |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (Causes): The cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder isn't fully understood. Main theories include: - Biology. OCD may be a result of changes in your body's own natural chemistry or brain functions. - Genetics. OCD may have a genetic component, but specific genes have yet to be identified. - Environment. Some environmental factors such as infections are suggested as a trigger for OCD, but more research is needed. | input | 2 | 282 | 76 | 848 |
Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers. Thank you | instruction | 0 | 325 | 76 | 975 |
Individuals are at risk for Lewy body dementia if they are older than 60, male, a history of depression, or have a family member with Lewy body dementia or Parkinson's disease. | output | 1 | 325 | 76 | 976 |
Lewy body dementia (Risk factors): A few factors seem to increase the risk of developing Lewy body dementia, including: - Being older than 60 - Being male - Having a family member with Lewy body dementia or Parkinson's disease Research has indicated that depression is also associated with Lewy body dementia. | input | 2 | 325 | 76 | 977 |
how do i prevent myself from having dementia | instruction | 0 | 341 | 76 | 1,023 |
The treatment for dementia depends on the type of dementia. Alzheimer's or Huntington's disease are progressive, and while they can be slowed, they cannot be halted or reversed. However, treatment for other types of dementia can do so. | output | 1 | 341 | 76 | 1,024 |
Dementia (Prognosis): There are many disorders that can cause dementia. Some, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Huntington’s disease, lead to a progressive loss of mental functions. But other types of dementia can be halted or reversed with appropriate treatment. People with moderate or advanced dementia typically need round-the-clock care and supervision to prevent them from harming themselves or others. They also may need assistance with daily activities such as eating, bathing, and dressing. | input | 2 | 341 | 76 | 1,025 |
how do we treat the burns caused by radiation? | instruction | 0 | 346 | 76 | 1,038 |
Report any radiation exposure to emergency officials. Seek medical treatment. Make sure to handle the affected areas gently. | output | 1 | 346 | 76 | 1,039 |
What to do for Radiation sickness?: Unfortunately, giving first aid to radiation victims may expose rescue personnel to radiation unless they are properly protected. Victims must be decontaminated as part of the resuscitation process so that they do not cause radiation injury to others. This may complicate the first aid and resuscitation process. - Check the person's breathing and pulse. - Start CPR, if necessary. - Remove the person's clothing and place the items in a sealed container. This stops ongoing contamination. - Vigorously wash the victim with soap and water. - Dry the victim and wrap with a soft, clean blanket. - Call for emergency medical help or take the person to nearest emergency medical facility if you can do so safely - REPORT EXPOSURE TO EMERGENCY OFFICIALS. If symptoms occur during or after medical radiation treatments: - Tell the provider or seek medical treatment. - Handle affected areas gently. - Treat symptoms or illnesses as recommended by the provider. | input | 2 | 346 | 76 | 1,040 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 356 | 76 | 1,068 |
Talk to your primary care doctor to find out if your anxiety could be related to your physical health. However, if you have severe anxiety, you may need to see a mental health specialist such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or other mental health professional. To help diagnose an anxiety disorder, your provider may give you a psychological evaluation. This includes describing your thoughts, feelings and behavior to help pinpoint a diagnosis and check for related complications. Many doctors use the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to diagnose an anxiety disorder. | output | 1 | 356 | 76 | 1,069 |
Anxiety: Experiencing occasional anxiety is a normal part of life. However, people with anxiety disorders frequently have intense, excessive and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations. Often, anxiety disorders involve repeated episodes of sudden feelings of intense anxiety and fear or terror that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). These feelings of anxiety and panic interfere with daily activities, are difficult to control, are out of proportion to the actual danger and can last a long time. You may avoid places or situations to prevent these feelings. Symptoms may start during childhood or the teen years and continue into adulthood. Examples of anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), specific phobias and separation anxiety disorder. You can have more than one anxiety disorder. Sometimes anxiety results from a medical condition that needs treatment. Whatever form of anxiety you have, treatment can help. Anxiety care at Mayo Clinic Common anxiety signs and symptoms include: - Feeling nervous, restless or tense - Having a sense of impending danger, panic or doom - Having an increased heart rate - Breathing rapidly (hyperventilation) - Sweating - Trembling - Feeling weak or tired - Trouble concentrating or thinking about anything other than the present worry - Having trouble sleeping - Experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) problems - Having difficulty controlling worry - Having the urge to avoid things that trigger anxiety Several types of anxiety disorders exist: - Agoraphobia (ag-uh-ruh-FOE-be-uh) is a type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and often avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed. - Anxiety disorder due to a medical condition includes symptoms of intense anxiety or panic that are directly caused by a physical health problem. - Generalized anxiety disorder includes persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about activities or events - even ordinary, routine issues. The worry is out of proportion to the actual circumstance, is difficult to control and affects how you feel physically. It often occurs along with other anxiety disorders or depression. - Panic disorder involves repeated episodes of sudden feelings of intense anxiety and fear or terror that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). You may have feelings of impending doom, shortness of breath, chest pain, or a rapid, fluttering or pounding heart (heart palpitations). These panic attacks may lead to worrying about them happening again or avoiding situations in which they've occurred. - Selective mutism is a consistent failure of children to speak in certain situations, such as school, even when they can speak in other situations, such as at home with close family members. This can interfere with school, work and social functioning. - Separation anxiety disorder is a childhood disorder characterized by anxiety that's excessive for the child's developmental level and related to separation from parents or others who have parental roles. - Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) involves high levels of anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations due to feelings of embarrassment, self-consciousness and concern about being judged or viewed negatively by others. - Specific phobias are characterized by major anxiety when you're exposed to a specific object or situation and a desire to avoid it. Phobias provoke panic attacks in some people. - Substance-induced anxiety disorder is characterized by symptoms of intense anxiety or panic that are a direct result of abusing drugs, taking medications, being exposed to a toxic substance or withdrawal from drugs. - Other specified anxiety disorder and unspecified anxiety disorder are terms for anxiety or phobias that don't meet the exact criteria for any other anxiety disorders but are significant enough to be distressing and disruptive. When to see a doctor See your doctor if: - You feel like you're worrying too much and it's interfering with your work, relationships or other parts of your life - Your fear, worry or anxiety is upsetting to you and difficult to control - You feel depressed, have trouble with alcohol or drug use, or have other mental health concerns along with anxiety - You think your anxiety could be linked to a physical health problem - You have suicidal thoughts or behaviors - if this is the case, seek emergency treatment immediately Your worries may not go away on their own, and they may get worse over time if you don't seek help. See your doctor or a mental health provider before your anxiety gets worse. It's easier to treat if you get help early. The causes of anxiety disorders aren't fully understood. Life experiences such as traumatic events appear to trigger anxiety disorders in people who are already prone to anxiety. Inherited traits also can be a factor. Medical causes For some people, anxiety may be linked to an underlying health issue. In some cases, anxiety signs and symptoms are the first indicators of a medical illness. If your doctor suspects your anxiety may have a medical cause, he or she may order tests to look for signs of a problem. Examples of medical problems that can be linked to anxiety include: - Heart disease - Diabetes - Thyroid problems, such as hyperthyroidism - Respiratory disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma - Drug abuse or withdrawal - Withdrawal from alcohol, anti-anxiety medications (benzodiazepines) or other medications - Chronic pain or irritable bowel syndrome - Rare tumors that produce certain "fight-or-flight" hormones Sometimes anxiety can be a side effect of certain medications. It's possible that your anxiety may be due to an underlying medical condition if: - You don't have any blood relatives (such as a parent or sibling) with an anxiety disorder - You didn't have an anxiety disorder as a child - You don't avoid certain things or situations because of anxiety - You have a sudden occurrence of anxiety that seems unrelated to life events and you didn't have a previous history of anxiety These factors may increase your risk of developing an anxiety disorder: - Trauma. Children who endured abuse or trauma or witnessed traumatic events are at higher risk of developing an anxiety disorder at some point in life. Adults who experience a traumatic event also can develop anxiety disorders. - Stress due to an illness. Having a health condition or serious illness can cause significant worry about issues such as your treatment and your future. - Stress buildup. A big event or a buildup of smaller stressful life situations may trigger excessive anxiety - for example, a death in the family, work stress or ongoing worry about finances. - Personality. People with certain personality types are more prone to anxiety disorders than others are. - Other mental health disorders. People with other mental health disorders, such as depression, often also have an anxiety disorder. - Having blood relatives with an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders can run in families. - Drugs or alcohol. Drug or alcohol use or abuse or withdrawal can cause or worsen anxiety. Having an anxiety disorder does more than make you worry. It can also lead to, or worsen, other mental and physical conditions, such as: - Depression (which often occurs with an anxiety disorder) or other mental health disorders - Substance abuse - Trouble sleeping (insomnia) - Digestive or bowel problems - Headaches and chronic pain - Social isolation - Problems functioning at school or work - Poor quality of life - Suicide You may start by seeing your primary care doctor to find out if your anxiety could be related to your physical health. Your doctor can check for signs of an underlying medical condition that may need treatment. However, you may need to see a mental health specialist if you have severe anxiety. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions. A psychologist and certain other mental health professionals can diagnose anxiety and provide counseling (psychotherapy). To help diagnose an anxiety disorder and rule out other conditions, your provider may: - Give you a psychological evaluation. This involves describing your thoughts, feelings and behavior to help pinpoint a diagnosis and check for related complications. Anxiety disorders often occur along with other mental health problems - such as depression or substance abuse - which can make diagnosis more challenging. - Compare your symptoms to the criteria in the DSM-5. Many doctors use the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to diagnose an anxiety disorder. The two main treatments for anxiety disorders are psychotherapy and medications. You may benefit most from a combination of the two. It may take some trial and error to discover which treatments work best for you. Psychotherapy Also known as talk therapy or psychological counseling, psychotherapy involves working with a therapist to reduce your anxiety symptoms. It can be an effective treatment for anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective form of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders. Generally a short-term treatment, CBT focuses on teaching you specific skills to improve your symptoms and gradually return to the activities you've avoided because of anxiety. CBT includes exposure therapy, in which you gradually encounter the object or situation that triggers your anxiety so you build confidence that you can manage the situation and anxiety symptoms. Medications Several types of medications are used to help relieve symptoms, depending on the type of anxiety disorder you have and whether you also have other mental or physical health issues. For example: - Certain antidepressants are also used to treat anxiety disorders. - An anti-anxiety medication called buspirone may be prescribed. - In limited circumstances, your doctor may prescribe a certain type of sedative called a benzodiazepine for short-term relief of anxiety symptoms. Talk with your doctor about benefits, risks and possible side effects of medications. While most people with anxiety disorders need psychotherapy or medications to get anxiety under control, lifestyle changes also can make a difference. Here's what you can do: - Keep physically active. Develop a routine so that you're physically active most days of the week. Exercise is a powerful stress reducer. It may improve your mood and help you stay healthy. Start out slowly and gradually increase the amount and intensity of your activities. - Avoid alcohol and recreational drugs. These substances can cause or worsen anxiety. If you can't quit on your own, see your doctor or find a support group to help you. - Quit smoking and cut back or quit drinking caffeinated beverages. Both nicotine and caffeine can worsen anxiety. - Use stress management and relaxation techniques. Visualization techniques, meditation and yoga are examples of relaxation techniques that can ease anxiety. - Make sleep a priority. Do what you can to make sure you're getting enough sleep to feel rested. If you aren't sleeping well, see your doctor. - Eat healthy. Healthy eating - such as focusing on vegetables, fruits, whole grains and fish - may be linked to reduced anxiety, but more research is needed. Several herbal remedies have been studied as a treatment for anxiety, but more research is needed to understand the risks and benefits. Herbal and dietary supplements aren't monitored by the FDA the same way medications are. You can't always be certain of what you're getting and whether it's safe. Some of these supplements can interfere with prescription medications or cause dangerous interactions. Before taking herbal remedies or dietary supplements, talk to your doctor to make sure they're safe for you and won't interact with any medications you take. | input | 2 | 356 | 76 | 1,070 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 357 | 76 | 1,071 |
To diagnose generalized anxiety disorder, your doctor or mental health professional may do a physical exam to check for underlying medical conditions or issues linked to medications you may be taking. They may also order blood or urine tests, if a medical condition may be involved in your anxiety. A mental health professional will use psychological questionnaires to inform their diagnosis, as well as the criteria listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association. | output | 1 | 357 | 76 | 1,072 |
Generalized anxiety disorder (Diagnosis): To help diagnose generalized anxiety disorder, your doctor or mental health professional may: - Do a physical exam to look for signs that your anxiety might be linked to medications or an underlying medical condition - Order blood or urine tests or other tests, if a medical condition is suspected - Ask detailed questions about your symptoms and medical history - Use psychological questionnaires to help determine a diagnosis - Use the criteria listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association | input | 2 | 357 | 76 | 1,073 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 358 | 76 | 1,074 |
Talk to your primary care doctor to find out if your anxiety could be related to your physical health. However, if you have severe anxiety, you may need to see a mental health specialist such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or other mental health professional. To help diagnose an anxiety disorder, your provider may give you a psychological evaluation. This includes describing your thoughts, feelings and behavior to help pinpoint a diagnosis and check for related complications. Many doctors use the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to diagnose an anxiety disorder. | output | 1 | 358 | 76 | 1,075 |
Anxiety (Diagnosis): You may start by seeing your primary care doctor to find out if your anxiety could be related to your physical health. Your doctor can check for signs of an underlying medical condition that may need treatment. However, you may need to see a mental health specialist if you have severe anxiety. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions. A psychologist and certain other mental health professionals can diagnose anxiety and provide counseling (psychotherapy). To help diagnose an anxiety disorder and rule out other conditions, your provider may: - Give you a psychological evaluation. This involves describing your thoughts, feelings and behavior to help pinpoint a diagnosis and check for related complications. Anxiety disorders often occur along with other mental health problems - such as depression or substance abuse - which can make diagnosis more challenging. - Compare your symptoms to the criteria in the DSM-5. Many doctors use the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to diagnose an anxiety disorder. | input | 2 | 358 | 76 | 1,076 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 359 | 76 | 1,077 |
There is no single test for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder. Your health care provider will ask about these symptoms. You will also be asked about other aspects of your mental and physical health. A physical exam or lab tests may be done to rule out other conditions that cause similar symptoms. | output | 1 | 359 | 76 | 1,078 |
Generalized anxiety disorder (Exams and Tests): There is no test that can make a diagnosis of GAD. The diagnosis is based on your answers to questions about the symptoms of GAD. Your health care provider will ask about these symptoms. You will also be asked about other aspects of your mental and physical health. A physical exam or lab tests may be done to rule out other conditions that cause similar symptoms. | input | 2 | 359 | 76 | 1,079 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 360 | 76 | 1,080 |
To diagnose social anxiety disorder, your health care provider will look at your history of social anxiety and will get a description of the behavior from you, your family, and friends. | output | 1 | 360 | 76 | 1,081 |
Social anxiety disorder (Exams and Tests): The health care provider will look at your history of social anxiety and will get a description of the behavior from you, your family, and friends. | input | 2 | 360 | 76 | 1,082 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 361 | 76 | 1,083 |
For separation anxiety in children, there are no tests as this is normal behavior. However, if the separation anxiety is severe and persists past age 2, a visit with a health care provider may help determine if the child has an anxiety disorder or other condition. | output | 1 | 361 | 76 | 1,084 |
Separation anxiety in children (Exams and Tests): There are no tests for this condition, because it is normal. If severe separation anxiety persists past age 2, a visit with a health care provider may help determine if the child has an anxiety disorder or other condition. | input | 2 | 361 | 76 | 1,085 |
how do you diagnose anxiety | instruction | 0 | 362 | 76 | 1,086 |
To diagnose anxiety disorders. your doctor or nurse will first ask you about your symptoms and medical history. This is done to rule out any other health problems that could be causing your symptoms. Anxiety disorders are generally diagnosed when fear or dread of nonthreatening situations, events, places, or objects become excessive and uncontrollable. Anxiety disorders are also diagnosed if the anxiety has lasted for at least six months and it interferes with social, work, family, or other aspects of daily life. | output | 1 | 362 | 76 | 1,087 |
Anxiety disorders (How are anxiety disorders diagnosed?): Your doctor or nurse will ask you questions about your symptoms and your medical history. Your doctor may also do a physical exam or other tests to rule out other health problems that could be causing your symptoms. Anxiety disorders are diagnosed when fear and dread of nonthreatening situations, events, places, or objects become excessive and are uncontrollable. Anxiety disorders are also diagnosed if the anxiety has lasted for at least six months and it interferes with social, work, family, or other aspects of daily life.2 | input | 2 | 362 | 76 | 1,088 |
how is asthma diagnosed | instruction | 0 | 380 | 76 | 1,140 |
To diagnose asthma in children, the health care provider will use a stethoscope to listen to the child's lungs. This may allow them to hear asthma sounds. The provider will also have the child breathe into a peak flow meter, which well measure the amount of air a child can breathe out. Allergy tests may be run to further diagnose any causes of your child's asthma. | output | 1 | 380 | 76 | 1,141 |
Asthma - children (Exams and Tests): The health care provider will use a stethoscope to listen to the child's lungs. The provider may be able to hear asthma sounds. However, lung sounds are often normal when the child is not having an asthma episode. The provider will have the child breathe into a device called a peak flow meter. Peak flow meters can tell how well the child can blow air out of the lungs. If the airways are narrow due to asthma, peak flow values drop. You and your child will learn to measure peak flow at home. Tests may include: - Allergy testing on the skin, or a blood test to see if your child is allergic to certain substances - Chest x-ray - Lung function tests | input | 2 | 380 | 76 | 1,142 |
how is asthma diagnosed | instruction | 0 | 382 | 76 | 1,146 |
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
- Downloads last month
- 7