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med_alpaca_standardized_cluster_85_std

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message_id
int64
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int64
2.21k
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cluster
float64
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85
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6.62k
2.68M
Please answer the letter of option truthfully
instruction
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2,208
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A
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Q:London dispersion forces are caused by? A:temporary dipoles created by the position of electrons around the nuclei in a molecule;B:the three-dimensional intermolecular bonding present in all covalent substances;C:the uneven electron-to-proton ratio found on individual atoms of a molecule;D:the electronegativity differences between the different atoms in a molecule
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Q:Carbon has an atomic radius of 77 pm and a first ionization energy of 1086 kJ/mol.? A:70 pm, 1402 kJ/mol;B:86 pm, 898 kJ/mol;C:135 pm, 523 kJ/mol;D:40 pm, 995 kJ/mol
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instruction
0
2,210
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C
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1
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Q:An unknown substance is found to have a high melting point. In addition, it is a poor conductor of electricity and does not dissolve in water. The substance most likely contains? A:ionic bonding;B:nonpolar covalent bonding;C:covalent network bonding;D:metallic bonding
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instruction
0
2,211
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A
output
1
2,211
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Q:The net ionic equation expected when solutions of NH4Br and AgNO3 are mixed together is? A:Ag+(aq) + Br-(aq) → AgBr(s);B:NH4+(aq) + Ag+(aq) → Ag(NH4)3+2(aq);C:Br-(aq) + NO3-(aq) → NO3Br(aq);D:NH4Br(aq) + NO3-(aq) → NH4NO3(aq) + Br-(aq)
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2
2,211
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6,635
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instruction
0
2,212
85
6,636
B
output
1
2,212
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Q:The symbol for antimony is? A:W;B:Sb;C:Fe;D:An
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2
2,212
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6,638
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instruction
0
2,213
85
6,639
C
output
1
2,213
85
6,640
Q:A sealed, rigid container contains three gases: 28.0 g of nitrogen, 40.0 g of argon, and 36.0 g of water vapor. If the total pressure exerted by the gases is 2.0 atm, what is the partial pressure of the nitrogen?? A:0.33 atm;B:0.40 atm;C:0.50 atm;D:2.0 atm
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2
2,213
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6,641
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instruction
0
2,214
85
6,642
C
output
1
2,214
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Q:Monatomic ions of the representative elements are often? A:very soluble;B:very electronegative;C:isoelectronic with a noble gas;D:highly colored
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2,214
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6,644
Please answer the letter of option truthfully
instruction
0
2,215
85
6,645
D
output
1
2,215
85
6,646
Q:Hund's rule requires that? A:no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers;B:no two electrons with the same spin can occupy an orbital;C:no two electrons can occupy separate orbitals;D:no two electrons can pair up if there is an empty orbital at the same energy level available
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2,215
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instruction
0
2,216
85
6,648
C
output
1
2,216
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Q:All of the following ions have the same electron configuration except? A:Rb+;B:Se2-;C:As5+;D:Sr2+
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2
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instruction
0
2,217
85
6,651
A
output
1
2,217
85
6,652
Q:Sulfurous acid is a weak acid, while sulfuric acid is a much stronger acid because? A:the O–H bonds in sulfuric acid are much weaker than in sulfurous acid due to the electron withdrawing of the oxygen atoms on sulfuric acid;B:sulfuric acid has more oxygen atoms in its formula;C:the sulfur in sulfuric acid is more electronegative than the sulfur in sulfurous acid;D:sulfuric acid has the hydrogen atoms bound directly to the sulfur atom
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2
2,217
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6,653
Please answer the letter of option truthfully
instruction
0
2,218
85
6,654
C
output
1
2,218
85
6,655
Q:What is the molarity of a sodium hydroxide solution that requires 42.6 mL of 0.108 M HCl to neutralize 40.0 mL of the base?? A:0.0641 M;B:1.64 M;C:0.115 M;D:0.400 mol/L
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2
2,218
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6,656
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instruction
0
2,219
85
6,657
A
output
1
2,219
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6,658
Q:Which of the following substances has an asymmetrical molecular structure?? A:SF4;B:PCl5;C:BF3;D:CO2
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instruction
0
2,220
85
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C
output
1
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Q:Hydrogen fluoride, HF, is a liquid at 15°C. All other hydrogen halides (represented by HX, where X is any other halogen) are gases at the same temperature. Why?? A:Fluorine has a very high electronegativity; therefore the H-F bond is stronger than any other H-X bond.;B:HF is smaller than any other H-X molecule; therefore it exhibits stronger London dispersion forces.;C:The dipoles in a HF molecule exhibit a particularly strong attraction force to the dipoles in other HF molecules.;D:The H-F bond is the most ionic in character compared to all other hydrogen halides.
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instruction
0
2,221
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A
output
1
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Q:The reaction of Br2(g) with Cl2(g) to form BrCl(g) has an equilibrium constant of 15.0 at a certain temperature. If 10.0 grams of BrCl is initially present in a 15.0-liter reaction vessel, what will the concentration of BrCl be at equilibrium?? A:3.8 × 10^-3 mol/L;B:5.77 × 10^-3 mol/L;C:1.97 × 10^-3 M;D:9.9 × 10^-4 M
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2,221
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instruction
0
2,222
85
6,666
D
output
1
2,222
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Q:A sample of liquid NH3 is brought to its boiling point. Which of the following occurs during the boiling process?? A:The N-H bonds within the NH3 molecules break apart.;B:The overall temperature of the solution rises as the NH3 molecules speed up.;C:The amount of energy within the system remains constant.;D:The hydrogen bonds holding separate NH3 molecules together break apart.
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2,222
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instruction
0
2,223
85
6,669
C
output
1
2,223
85
6,670
Q:A student has a liter of a 0.100 M solution of a strong acid. To prepare a buffer, this should be mixed with? A:a strong acid;B:a weak acid;C:a weak base;D:a strong base
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instruction
0
2,224
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A
output
1
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Q:Which of the following indicates that a reaction is spontaneous?? A:at equilibrium there are more products than reactants;B:the value of ΔG° is greater than zero;C:the value of ΔS° is greater than zero;D:the value of Keq is less than one
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instruction
0
2,225
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6,675
B
output
1
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Q:Which of the following is expected to have the largest bond polarity?? A:S–O;B:P–F;C:C–B;D:C–N
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6,677
Please answer the letter of option truthfully
instruction
0
2,226
85
6,678
B
output
1
2,226
85
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Q:A mechanism is a sequence of elementary reactions that add up to the overall reaction stoichiometry. A substance that is produced in one elementary reaction and consumed in another is called? A:a catalyst;B:an intermediate;C:a reactant;D:a complex
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instruction
0
2,227
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D
output
1
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6,682
Q:Approximately how many half-lives will it take to reduce 10.0 kg of a radioactive substance to 1.0 microgram of that substance?? A:8;B:13;C:29;D:34
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instruction
0
2,228
85
6,684
B
output
1
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Q:S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)? A:either S(s) or O2(g) will be completely used up;B:Q must be close to 1.0 since there is one mole of gas on each side of the equation;C:this reaction goes to completion;D:adding O2 will change the equilibrium constant
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instruction
0
2,229
85
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C
output
1
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Q:Three half-lives after an isotope is prepared,? A:25% of the isotope is left;B:25% of the isotope decayed;C:12.5% of the isotope is left;D:12.5% of the isotope decayed
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instruction
0
2,230
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B
output
1
2,230
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Q:Which pair of reactants will have no net ionic equation (that is, all the ions cancel)?? A:Na2SO3 + FeCl2;B:CaCl2 + MnSO4;C:NH4I + Pb(NO3)2;D:KOH + HClO4
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6,692
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instruction
0
2,231
85
6,693
B
output
1
2,231
85
6,694
Q:Which of the following is expected to be the least soluble in water?? A:NaBr;B:NiSO3;C:CrCl3;D:Mn(NO3)2
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6,695
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instruction
0
2,232
85
6,696
C
output
1
2,232
85
6,697
Q:The rate law may be written using stoichiometric coefficients for which of the following?? A:Precipitation reactions;B:Acid-base reactions;C:Elementary processes;D:Solubility reactions
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instruction
0
2,233
85
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B
output
1
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Q:A liquid element that is a dark-colored, nonconducting substance at room temperature is? A:mercury;B:bromine;C:iodine;D:bismuth
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6,701
Please answer the letter of option truthfully
instruction
0
2,234
85
6,702
D
output
1
2,234
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Q:The molecule with a tetrahedral shape is? A:PCl4F;B:BF3;C:CO2;D:CBr4
input
2
2,234
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6,704
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instruction
0
2,235
85
6,705
C
output
1
2,235
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Q:The ideal gas law is successful for most gases because? A:room temperature is high;B:volumes are small;C:gas particles do not interact significantly;D:gases are dimers
input
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6,707
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instruction
0
2,236
85
6,708
B
output
1
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Q:What is an alpha particle?? A:Another name for an electron;B:Another name for a helium nucleus;C:Another name for a positron;D:Another name for a cosmic ray
input
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6,710
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instruction
0
2,237
85
6,711
C
output
1
2,237
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Q:Your supervisor asks you to determine the enthalpy of a certain chemical reaction. Which would you do?? A:Measure the ΔS and the ΔG for the reaction, and calculate the ΔH from the Gibbs free energy equation.;B:Use a bomb calorimeter to measure the heat of the reaction.;C:Use a solution calorimeter such as a coffee-cup calorimeter to measure the heat.;D:Use a photoelectron spectrometer to measure the energies of all atoms in the compounds, and use Hess's law to add them.
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instruction
0
2,238
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6,714
A
output
1
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6,715
Q:The bond length between any two nonmetal atoms is achieved under which of the following conditions?? A:Where the energy of interaction between the atoms is at its minimum value;B:Where the nuclei of each atom exhibits the strongest attraction to the electrons of the other atom;C:The point at which the attractive and repulsive forces between the two atoms are equal;D:The closest point at which a valence electron from one atom can transfer to the other atom
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instruction
0
2,239
85
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D
output
1
2,239
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Q:The oxidation number of chlorine in the perchlorate ion, ClO4–, is? A:2;B:-3;C:-1;D:7
input
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6,719
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instruction
0
2,240
85
6,720
D
output
1
2,240
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6,721
Q:There are a number of experiments for the determination of the molecular mass of a gas. One method begins by heating a solid or liquid in a flask to produce a gaseous product. The gas passes through a tube and displaces water in an inverted, water-filled bottle. The mass of the starting material is measured, along with the volume of the displaced water and the temperature of the system. The pressure in the inverted water-filled bottle is equal to the external pressure. Once the barometric pressure has been recorded, what other information is needed to finish the experiment?? A:The heat of formation of the gas;B:The density of the water;C:The mass of the displaced water;D:The vapor pressure of the water
input
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2,240
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6,722
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instruction
0
2,241
85
6,723
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