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c_eez0ml57zqsm
In molecular biology, the dipeptidyl-peptidase IV family is a family of serine peptidases which belong to MEROPS peptidase family S9 (clan SC), subfamily S9B (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV). The protein fold of the peptidase domain for members of this family resembles that of serine carboxypeptidase D, the type example of cl...
Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV family
c_89x3o4poyq1d
In molecular biology, the domain B, refers to the immunoglobulin-binding domain found in the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor protein A (SpA). Hence, it is abbreviated to SpAB.
SpAB protein domain
c_kon14dz8q390
In molecular biology, the eIF-W2 domain functions as the binding site for Mnk eIF4E kinase, an enzyme that phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). For eIF2B-epsilon, the W2 C-terminal domain functions in guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2. For eIF5, the W2 domain functions in mediating the multifactor ...
EIF-W2 protein domain
c_ai0ixdd1vuh2
In molecular biology, the electroneutral cation-Cl (electroneutral potassium chloride cotransporter) family of proteins are a family of solute carrier proteins. This family includes the products of the Human genes: SLC12A1, SLC12A1, SLC12A2, SLC12A3, SLC12A4, SLC12A5, SLC12A6, SLC12A7, SLC12A8 and SLC12A9. The K-Cl co-...
Electroneutral cation-Cl
c_ch6t06j9kwmw
The transport process involves one for one electroneutral movement of K+ together with Cl−, and, in all known mammalian cells, the net movement is outward.The neuronal KCC subtype KCC2 is cell-volume insensitive and plays a unique role in maintaining low intracellular Cl−concentration, which is required in neurones for...
Electroneutral cation-Cl
c_m0bma17qi1kw
Comparison of their sequences with those of other ion-transporting membrane proteins reveals that they are part of a new superfamily of cation-chloride co-transporters, which includes the Na-Cl and Na-K-2Cl co-transporters. KCC1 and KCC3 are widely expressed in human tissues, while KCC2 is expressed only in brain neuro...
Electroneutral cation-Cl
c_ehq7xhcrt5df
Several splice variants have also been identified. KCC3 is widely expressed in human tissues and, like KCC1, is stimulated by both swelling and N-ethylmaleimide.
Electroneutral cation-Cl
c_s4v5qp8kpinz
The induction of KCC3 is up-regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor and down-regulated by tumour necrosis factor. Defects in KCC3 are linked to agenesis of the corpus callosum with peripheral neuropathy. This disorder is characterised by severe progressive sensorimotor neuropathy, mental retardation, dysmorphic...
Electroneutral cation-Cl
c_94ltmxbnwxyh
In molecular biology, the engrailed homeobox proteins are a family of homeobox proteins which are characterised by the presence of a region of some 20 amino-acid residues located at the C-terminal of the 'homeobox' domain. This region forms a signature pattern for this subfamily of proteins. == References ==
Engrailed homeobox protein
c_k1ucrcy2qwmk
In molecular biology, the enteroviral 3′ UTR element is an RNA structure found in the 3′ UTR of various enteroviruses. The overall structure forms the origin of replication (OriR) for the initiation of (-) strand RNA synthesis. Pseudoknots have also been predicted in this structure.
Enteroviral 3′ UTR element
c_4z9k7slp6arn
In molecular biology, the epsilon antitoxin, produced by various prokaryotes, forms part of a post-segregational killing system, which is involved in the initiation of programmed cell death of plasmid-free cells. The protein is folded into a three-helix bundle that directly interacts with the zeta toxin, inactivating i...
Epsilon antitoxin
c_traioh1fwfol
In molecular biology, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family (eIF-4E) is a family of proteins that bind to the cap structure of eukaryotic cellular mRNAs. Members of this family recognise and bind the 7-methyl-guanosine-containing (m7Gppp) cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis ...
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family
c_gu5f665lzl56
In molecular biology, the fasciclin domain (FAS1 domain) is an extracellular domain of about 140 amino acid residues. It has been suggested that the FAS1 domain represents an ancient cell adhesion domain common to plants and animals; related FAS1 domains are also found in bacteria.The crystal structure of FAS1 domains ...
Fasciclin domain
c_b4qklqkl6egq
These proteins are usually GPI anchored and consist of: (i) a single FAS1 domain, (ii) a tandem array of FAS1 domains, or (iii) FAS1 domain(s) interspersed with other domains. Proteins known to contain a FAS1 domain include: Fasciclin I (4 FAS1 domains). Human TGF-beta induced Ig-H3 (BIgH3) protein (4 FAS1 domains), wh...
Fasciclin domain
c_wkd8lx7pvnms
Volvox major cell adhesion protein (2 FAS1 domains). Arabidopsis thaliana fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (2 FAS1 domains). Mammalian stabilin protein, a family of fasciclin-like hyaluronan receptor homologues (7 FAS1 domains).
Fasciclin domain
c_98t7xe5z7i6q
Human extracellular matrix protein periostin (4 FAS1 domains). Bacterial immunogenic protein MPT70 (1 FAS1 domain).The FAS1 domains of both human periostin and BIgH3 proteins were found to contain vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamate residues. Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are more commonly associated with GLA ...
Fasciclin domain
c_47k1gb4yn8xe
In molecular biology, the fatty acid metabolism regulator protein FadR, is a bacterial transcription factor. Bacteria regulate membrane fluidity by manipulating the relative levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids within the phospholipids of their membrane bilayers. In Escherichia coli, the transcription factor...
Fatty acid metabolism regulator protein FadR
c_dafq71mki9tp
This single [repressor controls the transcription of the whole fad regulon. Binding of fadR is specifically inhibited by long chain fatty acyl-CoA compounds. The crystal structure of FadR reveals a two domain dimeric molecule where the N-terminal winged-helix domain binds DNA, and the C-terminal domain binds acyl-CoA.
Fatty acid metabolism regulator protein FadR
c_5rus8ju8w3xa
The binding of acyl-CoA to the C-terminal domain results in a conformational change that affects the DNA binding affinity of the N-terminal domain.FadR is a member of the GntR family of bacterial transcription regulators. The DNA-binding domain is well conserved for this family, whereas the C-terminal effector-binding ...
Fatty acid metabolism regulator protein FadR
c_nrywmla7wnvl
In molecular biology, the ferric uptake regulator family is a family of bacterial proteins involved in regulating metal ion uptake and in metal homeostasis. The family is named for its founding member, known as the ferric uptake regulator or ferric uptake regulatory protein (Fur). Fur proteins are responsible for contr...
Ferric uptake regulator family
c_uplcscggm5cw
In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA. This process, known as mRNA capping, is highly regulated and vital in the creation of stable and mature messenger RNA able to undergo translation during protein ...
Five-prime cap
c_hzbxwg444trk
In molecular biology, the flagellar motor switch protein (Flig) is one of three proteins in certain bacteria coded for by the gene fliG. The other two proteins are FliN coded for by fliN, and FliM coded for by fliM. The protein complex regulates the direction of flagellar rotation and hence controls swimming behaviour....
Flagellar motor switch protein
c_qz1k1ai6qza8
In molecular biology, the forkhead-associated domain (FHA domain) is a phosphopeptide recognition domain found in many regulatory proteins. It displays specificity for phosphothreonine-containing epitopes but will also recognise phosphotyrosine with relatively high affinity. It spans approximately 80-100 amino acid res...
Forkhead-associated domain
c_m2vs2uprorbx
In molecular biology, the frataxin-like domain is a protein domain found in proteins including eukaryotic frataxin and bacterial CyaY. The bacterial CyaY proteins are iron-sulphur cluster (FeS) metabolism proteins which are homologous to eukaryotic frataxin. Partial phylogenetic profiling suggests that CyaY most likely...
Frataxin-like domain
c_ivgk1qly1jtk
In molecular biology, the fungal fruit body lectin family consists of several fungal fruit body lectin proteins. Fruit body lectins are thought to have insecticidal activity and may also function in capturing nematodes. One member of this family, the lectin XCL from Boletus chrysenteron (formerly Xerocomus chrysenteron...
Fungal fruit body lectin family
c_h37c7fbwjhgn
In molecular biology, the fungal fucose-specific lectin family is a family of lectins. Lectins are proteins which are involved in many recognition events at the molecular or cellular level. These fungal lectins, such as Aleuria aurantia lectin AAL, specifically recognise fucosylated glycans. AAL is a dimeric protein, w...
Fungal fucose-specific lectin
c_o0zmlwcrkn4c
The beta-propeller fold is important in fucose recognition; five binding pockets are found between the propeller blades. The small beta-sheet, on the other hand, is involved in the dimerisation process. == References ==
Fungal fucose-specific lectin
c_106gmcwambne
In molecular biology, the galactose binding lectin domain is a protein domain. It is found in many proteins including the lectin purified from sea urchin (Anthocidaris crassispina) eggs, SUEL. This lectin exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer of two subunits; the dimeric form is essential for hemagglutination activity...
Galactose binding lectin domain
c_6vupno9y64ot
Although SUEL was first isolated as a D-galactoside binding lectin, it was later shown that it binds to L-rhamnose preferentially. L-rhamnose and D-galactose share the same hydroxyl group orientation at C2 and C4 of the pyranose ring structure. A cysteine-rich domain (the galactose binding lectin domain) homologous to ...
Galactose binding lectin domain
c_t7nj6ur6yct2
Mammalian latrophilin, the calcium independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin (CIRL). The galactose-binding lectin domain is not required for alpha-latratoxin binding.Human latrophilin-1. Human Latrophilin-2.
Galactose binding lectin domain
c_wsp3mqv691f7
Rhamnose-binding lectin (SAL) from catfish (Silurus asotus) eggs. This protein is composed of three tandem repeat domains homologous to the SUEL lectin domain. All cysteine positions of each domain are completely conserved. The hypothetical B0457.1, F32A7.3A and F32A7.3B proteins from Caenorhabditis elegans. == Referen...
Galactose binding lectin domain
c_c1tos909izml
In molecular biology, the glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family (GMC oxidoreductase) is a family of enzymes with oxidoreductase activity. The glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductases are FAD flavoproteins oxidoreductases. These enzymes include a variety of proteins; choline dehydrogenase (CHD) EC 1.1.99....
Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family
c_ra7wqg7vz7k9
They contain two conserved protein domains. The N-terminal domain corresponds to the FAD ADP-binding domain, the C-terminal domain is a steroid-binding domain. == References ==
Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family
c_8qi00a95vp5l
In molecular biology, the glutaredoxin 2 family is a family of bacterial glutaredoxins. Unlike other glutaredoxins, glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2) cannot reduce ribonucleotide reductase. Grx2 has significantly higher catalytic activity in the reduction of mixed disulphides with glutathione (GSH) compared with other glutaredoxin...
Glutaredoxin 2 (bacterial)
c_r2krk7w0mv97
Grx2 is structurally similar to glutathione-S-transferases (GST), but there is no obvious sequence similarity. The inter-domain contacts are mainly hydrophobic, suggesting that the two domains are unlikely to be stable on their own. Both domains are needed for correct folding and activity of Grx2.
Glutaredoxin 2 (bacterial)
c_m7fwt5obqyhm
It is thought that the primary function of Grx2 is to catalyse reversible glutathionylation of proteins with GSH in cellular redox regulation including the response to oxidative stress. These enzymes are not related to GLRX2. == References ==
Glutaredoxin 2 (bacterial)
c_cl2j1chkicmk
In molecular biology, the glycoside hydrolase family 53 is a family of glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1., which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, ...
Glycoside hydrolase family 53
c_yvde3hor8nwe
In molecular biology, the group I pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylases, also known as glycine cleavage system P-proteins, are a family of enzymes consisting of glycine cleavage system P-proteins (glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)) EC 1.4.4.2 from bacterial, mammalian and plant sources. The P protein is part of the ...
Group I pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylases
c_5v5otedvxzq8
In molecular biology, the guanylate-binding proteins family is a family of GTPases that is induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma. GTPases induced by IFN-gamma (Interferon-inducible GTPase) are key to the protective immunity against microbial and viral pathogens. These GTPases are classified into three groups: the small 47-...
Guanylate-binding protein
c_cnfhcra18jck
Guanylate-binding proteins (GBP) fall into the last class. GBP genes have been universally recognized in mammalian as well as in most other vertebrate genomes. A single cluster of seven human GBP genes (GBP1-GBP7) is found on chromosome 1q22.2.
Guanylate-binding protein
c_bwg255b7nxl8
Unlike humans, in genetically controllable disease models such as mice and zebrafish, members of the GBPs gene family are organized in more than one cluster, in this case, 11 (Gbp2b- Gbp110 and 4 genes (Gbp1-Gbp4), respectively. Examinations of GBP-related sequences have shown that zebrafish gbp3 and gbp4 contain an ad...
Guanylate-binding protein
c_hps4x32buc2q
The physiological relevance of the GBP's GDPase activity might yield important insights to elucidate GBP-specific defensive profile versus other INF-induced GTPases(e.g.IRGs). Evidence has suggested GBPs as important players in a variety of disease conditions ranging from infectious and metabolic inflammatory diseases ...
Guanylate-binding protein
c_d4a5t45utm0j
In molecular biology, the haemagglutination activity domain is a conserved protein domain found near the N terminus of a number of large, repetitive bacterial proteins, including many proteins of over 2500 amino acids. A number of the members of this family have been designated adhesins, filamentous haemagglutinins, ha...
Haemagglutination activity domain
c_9jw6hjtwr9ae
The FHA molecule has a globular head that consists of two domains: a shaft and a flexible tail. Its sequence contains two regions of tandem 19-residue repeats, where the repeat motif consists of short beta-strands separated by beta-turns. == References ==
Haemagglutination activity domain
c_jrmcuvs5v64f
In molecular biology, the haemolymph juvenile hormone-binding protein (JHPB) family of proteins consists of several insect specific haemolymph juvenile hormone binding proteins. Juvenile hormone (JH) has a profound effect on insects. It regulates embryogenesis, maintains the status quo of larva development and stimulat...
Haemolymph juvenile hormone-binding protein
c_88in8qnthag7
JHBP protects the JH molecules from hydrolysis by non-specific esterases present in the insect haemolymph. The crystal structure of the JHBP from Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) shows an unusual fold consisting of a long alpha-helix wrapped in a much curved antiparallel beta-sheet.
Haemolymph juvenile hormone-binding protein
c_lnuc01jzfqow
The folding pattern for this structure closely resembles that found in some tandem-repeat mammalian lipid-binding and bactericidal permeability-increasing proteins, with a similar organisation of the major cavity and a disulfide bond linking the long helix and the beta-sheet. It would appear that JHBP forms two cavitie...
Haemolymph juvenile hormone-binding protein
c_818oo4vlc27t
In molecular biology, the haemolysin expression modulating protein family is a family of proteins. This family consists of haemolysin expression modulating protein (Hha) from Escherichia coli and its enterobacterial homologues, such as YmoA from Yersinia enterocolitica, and RmoA encoded on the R100 plasmid. These prote...
Haemolysin expression modulating protein family
c_korp47hkk53m
Hha, along with the chromatin-associated protein H-NS, is involved in the regulation of expression of the toxin alpha-haemolysin in response to osmolarity and temperature. YmoA modulates the expression of various virulence factors, such as Yop proteins and YadA adhesin, in response to temperature.
Haemolysin expression modulating protein family
c_5j6abb7k874b
RmoA is a plasmid R100 modulator involved in plasmid transfer. The HHA family of proteins display striking similarity to the oligomerisation domain of the H-NS proteins. == References ==
Haemolysin expression modulating protein family
c_13pznvyvx68m
In molecular biology, the heat-labile enterotoxin family includes Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Elt or LT) and cholera toxin (Ctx) secreted by Vibrio cholerae. lt is so named because it is inactivated at high temperatures.
Heat-labile enterotoxin
c_ovmip50dfmcu
In molecular biology, the hexon protein is a major coat protein found in adenoviruses. Hexon coat proteins are synthesised during late infection and form homo-trimers. The 240 copies of the hexon trimer that are produced are organised so that 12 lie on each of the 20 facets. The central 9 hexons in a facet are cemented...
Hexon protein
c_rng3l1y1ek6x
The penton complex, formed by the peripentonal hexons and penton base (holding in place a fibre), lie at each of the 12 vertices. The hexon coat protein is a duplication consisting of two domains with a similar fold packed together like the nucleoplasmin subunits. Within a hexon trimer, the domains are arranged around ...
Hexon protein
c_xy3lupq2qpct
The domains have a beta-sandwich structure consisting of 8 strands in two sheets with a jelly-roll topology; each domain is heavily decorated with many insertions. Some hexon proteins contain a distinct C-terminal domain.
Hexon protein
c_z7sxliad3sjv
Hexon directly recruits the cellular motor protein dynein in a pH-dependent manner. The dynein-regulatory protein, dynactin, was found to play a clear role in regulating the dynein-adenovirus complex transport to the nucleus. == References ==
Hexon protein
c_xjynrcia2aad
In molecular biology, the hyccin protein family is a family of proteins which may have a role in the beta-catenin-Tcf/Lef signaling pathway, as well as in the process of myelination of the central and peripheral nervous system. One member of this family is hyccin, encoded by the FAM126A gene. Defects in Hyccin are the ...
Hyccin protein family
c_ha92wtml7bbq
In molecular biology, the hydrogenase maturation protease family is a family of aspartic endopeptidases belonging to MEROPS family A31. The large subunit of -hydrogenase, as well as other nickel metalloenzymes, is synthesized as a precursor devoid of the metalloenzyme active site. This precursor undergoes a complex pos...
Hydrogenase maturation protease family
c_xny46chej819
At one step of this process, after nickel incorporation, each hydrogenase isoenzyme is processed by proteolytic cleavage at the C-terminal end by the corresponding hydrogenase maturation endopeptidase. For example, Escherichia coli HycI is involved in processing of pre-HycE (the large subunit of hydrogenase 3),; HybD i...
Hydrogenase maturation protease family
c_jc44doccg1u1
This cleavage occurs only in the presence of nickel, and the endopeptidase probably uses the metal in the large subunit of -hydrogenases as a recognition motif. There is no direct evidence for the active site or substrate-binding site, but there are predictions based on an available structure.Nomenclature note: the fol...
Hydrogenase maturation protease family
c_lghgqkup4jmh
In molecular biology, the insect pheromone-binding family A10/OS-D is a family of small helical proteins postulated to contribute to the specificity of the insect’s olfactory system by binding components of the natural pheromone mixtures. A class of small (14-20 Kd) water-soluble proteins, called pheromone binding prot...
Insect pheromone-binding protein
c_2wv4r82z9fdg
In molecular biology, the interferon gamma receptor (IFNGR1) family is a family of proteins which includes several eukaryotic and viral interferon gamma receptor proteins. Members of this family include: The human interferon gamma receptor 1, which is a member of the hematopoietic cytokine receptor superfamily. It is e...
Interferon gamma receptor (IFNGR1) family
c_9ep9vx1r6g4c
As with other members of its superfamily, the cytokine-binding sites are formed by a small set of closely spaced surface loops that extend from a beta-sheet core, much like antigen-binding sites on antibodies. The vaccinia virus interferon (IFN)-gamma receptor (IFN-gammaR), which is a 43 kDa soluble glycoprotein that i...
Interferon gamma receptor (IFNGR1) family
c_ee9yg5cx9tl2
In molecular biology, the interferon-inducible GTPase (IIGP) family of proteins is thought to play a role in intracellular defence. IIGP is predominantly associated with the Golgi apparatus and also localises to the endoplasmic reticulum and exerts a distinct role in IFN-induced intracellular membrane trafficking or pr...
Interferon-inducible GTPase
c_9qslgm39s9xv
In molecular biology, the iron dependent repressors are a family of bacterial and archaeal transcriptional repressors. At their N-terminus they contain a dtxR-type HTH domain. This is a DNA-binding, winged helix-turn-helix (wHTH) domain of about 65 amino acids present in metalloregulators of the dtxR/mntR family. The d...
Iron dependent repressor
c_hryaokll71bo
Iron-responsive metalloregulators such as dtxR and ideR occur in Gram-positive bacteria of the high GC branch, while manganese-responsive metalloregulators like mntR are described in diverse genera of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also in Archaea. The metalloregulators like dtxR/mntR contain the DNA-bind...
Iron dependent repressor
c_avtxbfivrr5x
Fe(II)-regulated proteins contain an SH3-like domain as a C-terminal extension, which is absent in Mn(II)-regulated mntR.Metal-ion dependent regulators orchestrate the virulence of several important human pathogens. The dtxR protein regulates the expression of diphtheria toxin in response to environmental iron concentr...
Iron dependent repressor
c_y81xqc0wwdm9
Furthermore, dtxR and ideR control iron uptake. Homeostasis of manganese, which is an essential nutrient, is regulated by mntR. A typical dtxR-type metalloregulator binds two divalent metal effectors per monomer, upon which allosteric changes occur that moderate binding to the cognate DNA operators.
Iron dependent repressor
c_xjhtmcx8eb8j
Iron-bound dtxR homodimers bind to an interrupted palindrome of 19 bp, protecting a sequence of ~30 bp. The crystal structures of iron-regulated and manganese-regulated repressors show that the DNA binding domain contains three alpha-helices and a pair of antiparallel beta-strands. Helices 2 and 3 comprise the helix-tu...
Iron dependent repressor
c_g6fozkw6jx8n
This wHTH topology is similar to the lysR-type HTH. Most dtxR-type metalloregulators bind as dimers to the DNA major groove. Several proteins are known to contain a dtxR-type HTH domain.
Iron dependent repressor
c_shg3lhedte0e
These include: Corynebacterium diphtheriae dtxR, a diphtheria toxin repressor, which regulates the expression of the high-affinity iron uptake system, other iron-sensitive genes, and the bacteriophage tox gene. Metal-bound dtxR represses transcription by binding the tox operator; if iron is limiting, conformational cha...
Iron dependent repressor
c_hj3ouyzpuxl2
The regulator represses genes for iron acquisition and activates iron storage genes, and is a positive regulator of oxidative stress responses. Bacillus subtilis mntR, a manganese transport regulator, binds Mn2+ as an effector and is a transcriptional repressor of transporters for the import of manganese. Treponema pal...
Iron dependent repressor
c_mx8qivjtnd02
In molecular biology, the iron response element or iron-responsive element (IRE) is a short conserved stem-loop which is bound by iron response proteins (IRPs, also named IRE-BP or IRBP). The IRE is found in UTRs (untranslated regions) of various mRNAs whose products are involved in iron metabolism. For example, the mR...
Iron response element
c_vm0m5fp4rpjz
In molecular biology, the isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase family is a protein family consisting of the evolutionary related enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase, 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase and tartrate dehydrogenase.Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), is an important enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism which cataly...
Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase family
c_b38te9km0idd
In Escherichia coli the activity of a NADP+-dependent form of the enzyme is controlled by the phosphorylation of a serine residue; the phosphorylated form of IDH is completely inactivated. 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.85 (IMDH) catalyses the third step in the biosynthesis of leucine in bacteria and fungi, t...
Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase family
c_23hwtqfzig8i
In molecular biology, the jacalin-like lectin domain is a mannose-binding lectin domain with a beta-prism fold consisting of three 4-stranded beta-sheets, with an internal pseudo 3-fold symmetry. Some lectins in this group stimulate distinct T- and B-cell functions, such as Jacalin, which binds to the T-antigen and act...
Jacalin-like lectin domain
c_s8glowcolnk8
Database of jacalin like lectins and structure function relations. Proteins containing this domain include: Jacalin, a tetrameric plant seed lectin and agglutinin from Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), which is specific for galactose. Artocarpin, a tetrameric plant seed lectin from A. heterophyllus.
Jacalin-like lectin domain
c_i2dy0q36ess3
Lectin MPA, a tetrameric plant seed lectin and agglutinin from Maclura pomifera (Osage orange). Heltuba lectin, a plant seed lectin and agglutinin from Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke).
Jacalin-like lectin domain
c_jtznhmy7kik2
Agglutinin from Calystegia sepium (Hedge bindweed). Griffithsin, an anti-viral lectin from red algae (Griffithsia species). == References ==
Jacalin-like lectin domain
c_ejirmoctlqjg
In molecular biology, the killer toxin Kp4 family is a family of killer toxins, which includes the Kp4 killer toxin from the smut fungus Ustilago maydis.Killer toxins are polypeptides secreted by some fungal species ("killer yeasts") that kill sensitive cells of the same or related species, often functioning by creatin...
Killer toxin Kp4 family
c_roqa6dilumj1
KP4 inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels in mammalian cells, which in turn inhibits cell growth and division by blocking calcium import. KP4 adopts a structure consisting of a two-layer alpha/beta sandwich with a left-handed crossover. == References ==
Killer toxin Kp4 family
c_zmfvklruib3x
In molecular biology, the kinase binding protein CGI-121 family of proteins includes the kinase binding protein CGI-121 and its homologues. CGI-121 has been shown to bind to the p53-related protein kinase (PRPK). CGI-121 is part of a conserved protein complex, KEOPS.
Kinase binding protein CGI-121
c_1i17zn2m9mz6
The KEOPS complex is involved in telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. This family of proteins also include archaeal homologues. == References ==
Kinase binding protein CGI-121
c_p61pwz1p1yu5
In molecular biology, the latexin family is a family of proteins which family consists of several animal specific latexin and proteins related to latexin that belong to MEROPS proteinase inhibitor family I47, clan IH.Latexin, a protein possessing inhibitory activity against rat carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) and CPA2 (MERO...
Latexin family
c_nzlub43k7mic
Tazarotene Induced Gene 1 (TIG1) is a putative transmembrane protein with a small N-terminal intracellular region, a single membrane-spanning hydrophobic region, and a large C-terminal extracellular region containing a glycosylation signal. TIG1 is up-regulated by retinoic acid receptor but not by retinoid X receptor-s...
Latexin family
c_7l96elqb1u2h
In molecular biology, the leguminous lectin family is a family of lectin proteins. It is one of the largest lectin families with more than 70 lectins reported in a review in 1990. Leguminous lectins consist of two or four subunits, each containing one carbohydrate-binding site. The interaction with sugars requires tigh...
Leguminous lectin family
c_2f0hvy2p9kqs
The structural similarities of these lectins are reported by the primary structural analyses and X-ray crystallographic studies. X-ray studies have shown that the folding of the polypeptide chains in the region of the carbohydrate-binding sites is also similar, despite differences in the primary sequences. The carbohyd...
Leguminous lectin family
c_6x3376eklaal
One of these loops contains transition metals, calcium and manganese, which keep the amino acid residues of the sugar-binding site at the required positions. Amino acid sequences of this loop play an important role in the carbohydrate-binding specificities of these lectins. These lectins bind either glucose, mannose or...
Leguminous lectin family
c_x81q3fa7klyk
The exact function of legume lectins is not known but they may be involved in the attachment of nitrogen-fixing bacteria to legumes and in the protection against pathogens.Some legume lectins are proteolytically processed to produce two chains, beta (which corresponds to the N-terminal) and alpha (C-terminal). The lect...
Leguminous lectin family
c_xdmoi3teb4ju
In molecular biology, the linker histone H1 is a protein family forming a critical component of eukaryotic chromatin. H1 histones bind to the linker DNA exiting from the nucleosome core particle, while the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) form the octamer core of the nucleosome around which the DNA is wrapped.H1 for...
Linker histone H1 variants
c_up3wjfh12rox
In molecular biology, the lipid-binding serum glycoproteins family, also known as the BPI/LBP/Plunc family or LBP/BPI/CETP family represents a family which includes mammalian lipid-binding serum glycoproteins and/or proteins containing a structural motif known as the BPI fold. Members of this family include: Bactericid...
Lipid-binding serum glycoprotein
c_iue8a1753c8t
In molecular biology, the microRNA miR-219 was predicted in vertebrates by conservation between human, mouse and pufferfish and cloned in pufferfish. It was later predicted and confirmed experimentally in Drosophila. Homologs of miR-219 have since been predicted or experimentally confirmed in a wide range of species, i...
Mir-219 microRNA precursor family
c_xf7wylzhrqlz
The hairpin precursors (represented here) are predicted based on base pairing and cross-species conservation; their extents are not known. In this case, the mature sequence is excised from the 5' arm of the hairpin. miR-219 has also been linked with NMDA receptor signalling in humans by targeting CaMKIIγ (a kind of pro...
Mir-219 microRNA precursor family
c_uqf388uv4382
In molecular biology, the myogenic determination factor 5 proteins are a family of proteins found in eukaryotes. This family includes the Myf5 protein, which is responsible for directing cells to the skeletal myocyte lineage during development. Myf5 is likely to act in a similar way to the other MRF4 proteins such as M...
Myogenic determination factor 5
c_kucs5sndq0qi
Myogenic determination factor 5 proteins contain three conserved protein domains. A C-terminal Myf5 domain, a central basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain and an N-terminal basic domain. The bHLH region mediates specific DNA binding.
Myogenic determination factor 5
c_sxfd9mi2mhql
With 12 residues of the basic domain involved in DNA binding. The basic domain forms an extended alpha helix in the structure. == References ==
Myogenic determination factor 5
c_1k2ybpkleykf
In molecular biology, the octopine dehydrogenase family of enzymes act on the CH-NH substrate bond using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as an acceptor. The family includes octopine dehydrogenase EC 1.5.1.11, nopaline dehydrogenase EC 1.5.1.19, lysopine dehydrogenase EC 1.5.1.16 and opine dehydrogenase EC 1.5.1.-. NADPH is the prefe...
Octopine dehydrogenase family
c_r8tjaft0w9cg
In bacteria, some of these opine dehydrogenases are involved in crown gall tumours that are produced by Agrobacterium spp., and which encode for the opine dehydrogenases on a Ti-plasmid. These bacteria can transfer a portion of this plasmid (T-DNA) to a susceptible plant cell; the T-DNA then integrates into the plant n...
Octopine dehydrogenase family
c_yuv72ee2lb4c
Opine dehydrogenases are also found in the marine invertebrate cephalopods (octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish). For example, in marine cephalopods, octopine dehydrogenase activity in mantle muscle is significantly correlated with a species' ability to buffer the acidic end products of anaerobic metabolism, with activity...
Octopine dehydrogenase family
c_ve0gwk7h0ijg
In molecular biology, the plant calmodulin-binding domain is a protein domain found repeated in a number of plant calmodulin-binding proteins. These domains are thought to constitute the calmodulin-binding domains of these proteins. Binding of the proteins to calmodulin depends on the presence of calcium ions. These pr...
Plant calmodulin-binding domain
c_bko0zpjbg1zl
In molecular biology, the polyketide synthesis cyclase family of proteins includes a number of cyclases involved in polyketide synthesis in a number of actinobacterial species. Aromatic polyketides are assembled by a type II (iterative) polyketide synthase in bacteria. Iterative type II polyketide syntheses produce pol...
Polyketide synthesis cyclase family