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Video Transcript
In this video segment I’m going to talk to you about pruning your carnivorous plants. If you want to know more about these plants you can visit us at Equilibriocarnivorousplants.com. Now one important thing to know about carnivorous plants is that just like any other plants they have leaves that grow old and die. Many people often times panic when they see their Venus Flytrap start to die, but you wan to make sure to note that these traps are really just modified leaves and when a trap dies it’s just the plant’s natural life cycle. Typically when a leaf dies, it’s because new growth has sprouted, you can see here this plant has perfectly healthy new traps even though these traps are starting to die off. Now it’s important to cut the dead leaves from your carnivorous plants for several reasons. Here we can see the Nepenthes with these dry leaves, they’re hanging and pulling down on the plant. When you trim the, you want to cut as close as you can to the dead part of the plant so that you’re eliminating as much of the dead leaf as you possibly can. We can see this also with this Sarracenia, cutting down at the base of the plant, as close to the plant as we can. Another important part of pruning your carnivorous plants is trimming the flowers of your carnivorous plants. Now it’s not always necessary to cut the flowers of you carnivorous plants especially if you’re trying to let them produce seeds, sometimes if you’re growing them outside or if these plants are growing in the wild, they have enough nutrients from insects in order to produce flowers and seeds without a problem, but sometimes when you’re growing them in cultivation they don’t quite have enough nutrients to do this, sometimes if you allow these plants to produce the flowers they can die. As you can see here, this butterwort has produced a flower and it’s now almost killed the plant. What we want to do is cut the flower as close to the base as we possibly can, trimming it as you see here and then we won’t have to worry about this plant dying due to putting too much energy into producing flowers and seeds. |
Monday, 9 September 2013
Watch: New Cloudy 2 Clip Introduces Barry the Berry
Sony's Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs ended up being one of the best surprises of 2009, and the sequel looks set to be just as fun! The animation looks fun, the visuals look gorgeous and the film just generally - as seen in this new clip - looks very fun.
This latest clip introduces us to one of the film's many foodimals, Barry the-rather-big-Strawberry (voiced by one half of the film's directing duo, Cody Cameron).Very fun, very funny; Cloudy 2 looks like it's going to be tremendously enjoyable! Check the clip out below.
Cloudy 2, directed by Cameron and Kris Pearn, hits theatres on 27th September (US)/25th October (UK), and will be the subject of our November podcast.
A113: What and where it is - Click Below
Features
"In planning a new picture, we don't think of grown-ups, and we don't think of children, but just of that fine, clean, unspoiled spot down deep in every one of us that maybe the world has made us forget and that maybe our pictures can help recall." - Walt Disney
Followers
Disclaimer:
A113Animation is an independent news site. All views and opinions expressed are those of the author and do not reflect those of any of the respective companies or studios.
The author holds the copyright to the text where applicable and all images are used under the fair use policy of copyright law. The A113Animation logo was designed and created by Damien Chevrier, but the characters and typeface/styles used are property of Pixar Animation Studios, Marvel Entertainment LLC, The Walt Disney Company, DreamWorks Animation SKG, Aardman Animations, Ltd., Studio Ghibli, Inc., Laika, Inc. and the Hergé estate. |
Interlocking - Cluster Plus
Made from six dissimilar, non-symmetrical pieces. Identical in shape to the Cluster Buster and Improved Cluster Buster. Stewart claims that's where the similarity ends. He made about 11 in 1996. Number 114 in his numbering system. |
The invention pertains to trailers and other containers for moving cargo and, more particularly, to sidewalls for cargo containers comprising composite panels.
Multi-panel constructions of the sidewalls of a trailer housing are known. A typical trailer 10 employing such construction is shown in FIG. 1. Such a trailer generally comprises a floor 14, a roof 16, a front wall 18, a pair of sidewalls 22, a rear cargo door (not shown), landing gear 24, and a wheel support assembly 26. Each sidewall 22 and front wall 18 comprises a plurality of composite panels 12. Preferably, each composite panel is rectangular, having a height greater than its width. Although the composite panels are shown in FIG. 1 as being relatively equal in size, the width and thickness of each panel may vary.
FIG. 2 shows a prior art construction of a composite panel 12 and a method of joining or splicing adjacent panels to form the sidewalls 22 and the front wall 18. Composite panel 12 comprises a laminated sandwich including a plastic core 28 and aluminum face sheets 30 adhesively attached to each surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, adjacent composite panels 12 are joined by means of an external aluminum splice plate 32 riveted thereto by vertical rows of rivets 34. The inside and outside wall surface of each panel are generally planar (i.e., lying in a plane), although the rivet heads 34 are shown as protruding.
In the construction of trailers and other cargo carriers, it is important to maximize space within the interior of the housing for the purpose of carrying cargo. In that regard, it is desired that the walls of the housing, in particular the internal sidewalls, be free from any protrusion or obstructions that could impinge cargo space. Turning to the prior art, elimination of the spacer 32 at the edges of panels 12 would have the advantage of removing such protrusions and obstructions in the cargo area. It also is desired to have the rivet heads recessed and the edges of the inside sheets curved inward so as not to be caught and torn by the fork lifts or cargo.
It is further desired to provide mounting points along the interior of the cargo container. Such mounting points may be obtained by incorporating a logistics plate into the joining means between adjacent composite panels. The use of the offset portions to form a recessed pocket between adjacent panels allows the logistics plate to be recessed from the interior surface of the container. The logistics plate can also be integrated with the composite panels via the same joining means which connects the adjacent panels.
It is further desired to have a scuff plate interconnected to the inside of each sidewall 22 in a simple yet structurally sound manner to provide a relatively smooth surface facing the interior of the cargo container that will not entangle any cargo or equipment used to load or unload cargo. Such a scuff plate is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,509,714 to Schmidt which is herein incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a sidewall for a trailer or other cargo container comprising at least one pair of composite panels and means for joining the composite panels. The composite panels include an inside face member, an outside face member, and a core contained between the inside and outside face members. The inside and outside face members include body portions in the area of which the face members are separated by the core, and joint portions in the area where the inside and outside face members are in contact with each other. The joint portion of the outside face can be co-planar with the body portion of the outside face. The joint portion of the inside layer is offset from the body portion towards the outside face member. This offset allows the joining means to be below the plane of the body portion of the inside face member. The joining means takes the form of a multi-level logistics plate. The logistics plate may be adapted to allow cargo restraints to be connected to the side walls of the container.
In one embodiment, each composite panel includes an outside face member having co-planar body and joint portions. An inside face member is provided, having an inclined portion between body and joint portions of the inside face member. The inclined portion offsets the joint portion so that it is in contact with and parallel to the joint portion of the outside face member; and a core member sandwiched between and bonded to the body portions of the inside and outside face members. The outside face member has outer and inner surfaces. The inside face member also has inner and outer surfaces. The inner surface of the joint portion of the outside face member abuts the parallel inner surface of the joint portion of the inside face member. The inclined portion of the inside face member is angled with respect to the body and joint portions. This construction forms a sandwich around the core and an edge which is stepped or offset inwardly at the joint portion of the inside face member. Preferably, two composite panels are positioned adjacent one another with the stepped edges overlapping. The pair of panels are joined at a point where the outer surface of the outside face member of one panel abuts the outer surface of the joint portion of the inside face member of the other panel. The joining means may comprise welding, rivets or the like, and incorporates a logistics plate.
The logistics plate preferably comprises an open ended trapezoid shaped cross section with extensions from the non-parallel sides of the cross section. Slots may be provided in the center section of the trapezoid. The slots are formed to allow for rapid connection of fasteners on the ends of straps or other restraints. The sidewall constructions contemplated may be combined with a scuff plate fastened to the bottom of the container. The scuff plate may include an upward extending flange that protects the inside lower surface of the panels during the loading of cargo. |
Energy Retail Company of Bashkortostan
Energy Retail Company of Bashkortostan is one of the largest electricity supply company Bashkiria.
References
External links
Official website in Russian
Category:Companies based in Ufa |
A document has just gone on display at Mount Vernon, Virginia - the museum in the former home of George Washington, first US President. It is an order dated 1777 and signed by Washington himself to send troops that had not been vaccinated for smallpox - or survived it - to Philadelphia to be vaccinated. These troops were then to join up with the main army, where the disease was raging.
It sounds like amazing foresight for its day. "Washington's careful handling of the smallpox epidemic at the beginning of the war was a significant reason for the disease not decimating his army", says Mount Vernon.
Not quite. Washington's order was likely a response, not just to a normal smallpox epidemic, but to a bioweapon wielded by the British enemy - a strategy that the redcoats had already used against the colonists to great effect earlier in the American revolutionary war.
Biological and chemical warfare are nothing new. Even psychological warfare is as old as warfare itself. They use to sling human feces, beat holly cats against Egypt's fortified walls, salt the earth or poison wells...
Collecting scabs and puss to infect the healthy. I'm not exactly sure why it worked the way it did but it brought the fatality rate down to 1 or 2% vs the usual 30% or so. Infection through a small wound - 1% death rate.
Infection by inhalation into the mouth and lungs - 30% death rate.
Anthrax has a similar difference between airborne and subcutaneous infection.
11
posted on 08/19/2011 12:41:46 PM PDT
by Cheburashka
(Blade Runner was set in 2019. Except for the flying cars and replicants we're right on schedule.)
Thanks for that Pharmboy. I remember reading the Brits used that against Indians during Pontiac’s rebellion. Didn’t realize they that they used it against us too. But then they used the indians against us too.
13
posted on 08/19/2011 12:50:40 PM PDT
by ZULU
(McConnell and Boehner are the Judas and Ephialtes of the 21st Century)
But the english were forced to use such tactics.
Killing up to half of the children of the Boers in concentration camps was unfortunate but after all the Boers were a threat to the entire world.
Starving up to one million central Europeans with blockade AFTER the surrender in 1918 was necessary as the central European powers had of course started the war by their reaction to the assasination of the heir to the Austrian throne.
This is war, or well in the case of the Boers maybe naked english aggression for their land, and in the case of the blockade, not exactly war as the enemy had surrendered,but just mass murder to dictate terms, but War, or not war it is Hell.
Thanks for the post. The "inoculations" (I know they weren't really) at Valley Forge probably saved the Continental Army.
I have never seen any hard evidence the British actually tried to spread the disease among the rebels. Frankly, it sounds a little like Ward Churchill's claim the U.S. Army tried to kill Indians with "smallpox blankets." More likely is the explanation that the British troops had better immunity from smallpox because it was endemic in Europe. In contrast, smallpox was much more rare in America and our soldiers, especially those from rural areas had no immunity at all.
I have never seen any hard evidence the British actually tried to spread the disease among the rebels. Frankly, it sounds a little like Ward Churchill's claim the U.S. Army tried to kill Indians with "smallpox blankets."
Could be. The source of this article is New Scientist and they are wrong more times than they are right.
20
posted on 08/23/2011 9:34:04 PM PDT
by Moonman62
(The US has become a government with a country, rather than a country with a government.)
Variolation wasnt compulsory, but it was highly recommended. The Continual Congress wanted each and every soldier variolated. They were to be vaccinated because of two reasons. The first was that soldiers could easily contract smallpox from each other and from the civilian population. The other reason was that a few people in the Continual Congress were well aware that the British had used smallpox as a weapon previously during the French and Indian War, in 1763. At the PBS web site we discovered a letter from the British Commander-in Chief, Sir Jeffery Amherst: "Could it not be contrived to send smallpox among these disaffected tribes of Indians? We must use every stratagem in our power to reduce them."
In her book, Pox Americana: The Great Smallpox Epidemic of 1775-82, Elizabeth Anne Fenn points out that 130,000 North Americans lost their lives to smallpox. Washington, aware of what the British had done in 1763, decreed that letters from Boston were to be dipped in vinegar to kill the germs. When it became evident that the British were attempting to spread smallpox by invariolating civilians and sending them out among his troops (remember, an invariolated individual was contagious for at least two weeks), he asked the Continental Congress for funds to invariolate his troops.
Appealing to the international public, the Pennsylvania Gazette published, "Lord Cornwallis' attempts to spread the smallpox among the inhabitants in the vicinity of York . . . must render him contemptible in the eyes of every civilized nation."
Some put the death rate to small pox at 25%, while some virulent strains were approaching a 40% rate. Fenn puts the overall rate of death at this time at 30%. Just recently weve learned that there was a childhood form of smallpox, like chicken pox, that wasnt as deadly, but it did produce an immunity to smallpox later in life. However, this childhood smallpox was endemic of Europe and not of the early colonies.
21
posted on 08/24/2011 7:25:03 AM PDT
by Pharmboy
(What always made the state a hell has been that man tried to make it heaven-Hoelderlin)
Disclaimer:
Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual
posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its
management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the
exemption for fair use of copyrighted works. |
Q:
Overcoming "No owner defined between domain classes" in Grails many-to-many relationship
I was following the "Grails in Action" book in order to create the following scenario.
A map belongs to one or many mapsets. A mapset can contain one or many maps. Both belong to a user.
So, what I did was:
Map.groovy:
static hasMany = [ sets : Mapset ]
static belongsTo = [ user : User, set : Mapset ]
Mapset.groovy:
static hasMany = [ maps : Map ]
static belongsTo = [ user : User ]
User.groovy:
static hasMany = [ maps : Map, sets: Mapset ]
Still, I receive this error when running the app:
Caused by: org.codehaus.groovy.grails.exceptions.GrailsDomainException: No owner defined between domain classes [class at.package.Mapset] and [class at.package.Map] in a many-to-many relationship. Example: static belongsTo = at.package.Map
It doesn't change anything if I write the fully qualified class name for Map.
A:
Whoops, this is weird. The following the trick:
In Map.groovy:
static belongsTo = [ User, Mapset ]
I'd probably keep this as an answer instead of deleting the question because there's no reference for this error message on SO yet
|
Q:
Inconsistent behaviour when invoking same function from different places
As part of a team assignment I have to create a program that reads an assembly source file and produces binary code for a specific architecture.
I created the function tokenize to split a string into tokens based on a pattern provided.
The problem I encountered is that when invoking toks_print() from main() the last two lines (tokens) are illegible whereas when toks_print() is called from read_assembly_file() the result is consistent.
This is the output as printed onto stdout:
This is the file read:
ldr r0,=0x20200004
ldr r2,[r0]
cmp r2,r0
andeq r0,r0,r0
Printing 4 tokens:
ldr r0,=0x20200004
ldr r2,[r0]
cmp r2,r0
andeq r0,r0,r0
Printing 4 tokens:
ldr r0,=0x20200004
ldr r2,[r0]
c¿
\370\277_\377¿
My question is: why is this happening?
I'm sure it has something to do with pointers
but for the life of me I can't figure it out.
This also happens with any other file I tried: the last lines are missing or
indecipherable.
For completeness this is the content of gpio_0.s:
ldr r0,=0x20200004
ldr r2,[r0]
cmp r2,r0
andeq r0,r0,r0
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
typedef struct Tokens
{
char **toks;
unsigned int tokno;
} Tokens;
Tokens *toks_new()
{
Tokens *tokens = malloc(sizeof(Tokens));
tokens->toks = malloc(sizeof(char **));
return tokens;
}
void toks_free(Tokens *tokens)
{
free(tokens);
free(tokens->toks);
}
void toks_print(Tokens *tokens)
{
printf("Printing %i tokens:\n", tokens->tokno);
for (int i = 0; i < tokens->tokno; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", tokens->toks[i]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}
Tokens *tokenize(char *str, const char *delim)
{
Tokens *tokens = toks_new();
for (int n = 0; ; n++)
{
if (n != 0) str = NULL;
char *token = strtok(str, delim);
if (token == NULL)
{
tokens->tokno = n;
break;
}
tokens->toks[n] = token;
}
return tokens;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tokens *program = NULL;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void read_assembly_program(const char *filepath)
{
FILE *file = fopen(filepath, "rt");
fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
long bytes = ftell(file);
rewind(file);
char buffer[bytes];
fread(buffer, 1, bytes, file);
// Without this I get an indecipherable line at the end... But why?
buffer[bytes-1] = '\0';
// What is printed is exactly what I expect, the whole content of the file
printf("This is the file read:\n%s\n\n\n", buffer);
program = tokenize(buffer, "\n");
// This prints the tokens as expected
toks_print(program);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char * file = "gpio_0.s";
read_assembly_program(file);
// But here the last two lines messed up!
toks_print(program);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
A:
tokenize() stores references to buffer into the data referred by program.
buffer is declared local to read_assembly_program() an so the memory isn't valid anymore after read_assembly_program() had been left.
To get around this pass down to read_assembly_program() a reference to the buffer or allocate buffer on the heap using malloc().
Update
Two (not so nice) alternative solutions:
Define the buffer globally.
Declare the "local" buffer as static.
|
MacKenzie
MacKenzie
is
a
Home Economics teacher
at
West High School
located in
Madison, Wisconsin and part of Madison Metropolitan School District.
MacKenzie's
4 teacher
ratings
contributes
to West High School's ranking of
101
in Wisconsin.
Additionally, the average teacher rating at
West High School is 4.07
stars. |
Czy smog ma wpływ na częstość występowania zaostrzeń przewlekłego zapalenia krtani? Analiza na przykładzie mieszkańców województwa małopolskiego.
Due to dynamic industrialisation smog became a frequent phenomenon in most developing cities. According to the last WHO report from Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Krakow has been classified in the 11th place among the most polluted cities in Europe. It seems to be an urgent issue because of the influence of air pollution on the condition of upper respiratory tract. Materials & Methods: In December 2015 there were 141 patients aged 17-91 years with upper respiratory tract diseases admitted to the phoniatric outpatient clinic in the University Hospital in Cracow. They suffered from cough, hoarseness and periodic aphonia. On the basis of the results of videolaryngostroboscopy 60 patients with exacerbation of the chronic laryngitis were selected into two numerically equal groups: from Cracow and from other places at least 60 km away. The groups were equal to each other also in three categories: sex, age and voice usage. The patients were referred to the Pedagogical University in Cracow for laryngography to evaluate the movement of the vocal folds and to trace a voice profile. Finally, there were two possible types of treatment - conventional pharmacotherapy or subterraneotherapy in the underground Health Resort in the "Wieliczka" Salt Mine. Pearson correlation coefficient between the distance from the place of residence to Cracow and the scale of exacerbation of inflammation of upper respiratory tract presenting as vocal fold dysfunction was observed (r= 0,617; p<0,05). The place of residence (in or out of the industrial area) and exacerbations of chronic laryngitis are highly correlated. Air pollution seems to be the main factor influencing on the condition of upper respiratory tract. In our local conditions of Lesser Poland Voivodeship subterraneotherapy may be an interesting, non-invasive method preventing from exacerbations of upper respiratory tract diseases. |
Bonita F. Stanton, MD, *Consulting Editor*Despite much progress in their control, infectious diseases remain a global concern. The number of under-five deaths worldwide has declined from 12.7 million in 1990 to 5.9 million in 2015 (<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs178/en/>). Globally, approximately half of under-five deaths are due to infectious diseases.[@bib1] Although numbers are substantially lower in industrialized nations including the United States, infectious causes remain among the top 10 causes of childhood mortality and cause significant morbidity (<http://www.kidsdata.org/topic/659/childdeathrate-age-cause>). Moreover, infectious diseases are continually emerging as new pathogens, as more virulent pathogens, and/or in new settings. In the past few years, the World Health Organization has noted the appearance of a Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease, Marburg virus, Lassa fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus diseases, Nipah and Rift Valley fever (<http://www.who.int/medicines/ebola-treatment/WHO-list-of-top-emerging-diseases/en/>). Over the past year, Zika virus has emerged as a major threat in the Americas, including the United States (<https://www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html>).
Thus, there are many reasons it is important for every pediatrician to be familiar with extant and emerging pathogens from across the globe. First, we are a single globe, and health and wellness is our concern worldwide. Second, whether or not the pathogen is currently in the United States, it could easily arrive here---and thrive.
This issue of *Pediatric Clinics of North America* effectively summarizes a vast literature updating the health care provider on familiar infectious diseases and describing those that are newly recognized, emerging, and/or migrating. The issue is both fascinating and very helpful, written by true leaders in the world of childhood infectious diseases.
|
8. The Decentralised Blockchain Identity , aka the “Phone-Borne Identity”
‘Decentralised Blockchain Identity’ (‘DBI’ from now on) is a placeholder name for whichever identity standard will emerge to first augment and ultimately replace the systems we use today. It is ‘decentralised’ because it does not depend on any issuing authority, but relies on tamper-proof consensus algorhythms to guarantee identity of authorship between relevant actions. It depends on a “Blockchain” because this identity standard will deployed on the blockchain of whichever cryptocurrency proves up to the task when the time comes.
If you are reading this you probably know a thing or two about cryptocurrencies. But in case you do not let’s establish some common knowledge. Cryptocurrencies do their magic by forming consensus on a certain state of a database — called a ‘blockchain’ — rules on how to update it and a series of game theory incentives to guarantee that this consensus cannot be tampered with (yes, they also create currency). Anyone can write on these blockchains for a small fee. There is no authorisation required to use them, and nobody can get locked out. In case this sounds trivial to you, I invite you to do more research on the topic — cryptocurrencies are probably the most consequential engineering feat in IT since the Internet itself. If you think that cryptocurrencies are too flaky or exotic of a tool to depend on for identity, consider the Lindy Effect. The oldest cryptocurrency and its blockchain have been around for almost eight years, and with each passing day of trouble-free uptime its chances of surviving further into the future increase.
If you want to create some form of identity on a blockchain, you need nothing more than access to a private key used on the ledger (see here if you want a human-readable explanation of public/private key cryptography). The identity of Bitcoin’s creator could be proven to some degree if only he signed a message with a private key associated with the first few blocks of the Bitcoin blockchain. The subway tap-in was the generation of the private key eight years ago, and the tap-out would be the signing of a new message. Given the right circumstances, a single key can be enough to prove identity.
A private key alone does not give you a full digital passport, but it allows any number of actions associated to that key to be linked to the same author. It provides some form of security — at least as good as passwords, with the advantage that private keys are a lot more complex than ‘RedSox83' and cannot be guessed (how to secure digital identities will be discussed later).
On blockchains we can freely and easily make statements and concatenate them — tiny chains of connected actions that can be traced back to the same author. Third parties can use their own private keys to sign attestations onto these identities. There is no limit to how many micro-identities we can create, or how large the network of provably connected statements can become. The size of these identities can fit precisely the purpose for which they are created, or be tied to larger sets of statements.
Blockchains are sometimes thought of as Panopticons where nothing is private and everything is in the clear (which would make them less than ideal to store identity information), but it is possible to make private statements and receive private attestations and then selectively disclose to chosen parties those you wish. You can prove to the Singapore Ministry of Transport that you tapped in at Orchard Road Station without revealing any details about your diving proficiency. You can even prove to a bouncer at a club that you are old enough to drink without disclosing your exact age — much less all the information displayed on a normal ID card.
How can DBIs, in principle, replace standard identity systems? DBIs can be deployed as an App on your smartphone. You can start by tapping your phone as you enter the subway, and later connect that initial statement to your login credentials for Gmail, then your birth certificate, your University degree, your diving diploma et cetera.
This is of course dependant on the relevant institutions proving willing to provide attestations in that fashion. Large organisations move slowly and governments slower yet, but there is no reason to believe that institutional endorsements of DBIs will not eventually come. At that point any counterpart could verify who you are and the truth of what you say about yourself without accessing an external silo for verification. During a job interview you could demonstrate beyond the shade of a doubt that you graduated from a certain University with a certain GPA. You could even prove it to a stranger on the street for that matter. It would happen instantly, without Human Resources having to verify your degree with the University, and using an identity system that is entirely under your control. |
Q:
Proving continuity using the epsilon definition,a specific case
So, I was arguing with my friend about who is correct, I will not say what I said so in the case that I was wrong you will not know it :)
Anyway, the question is:
Prove that $f(x)= \frac1x$ is continuous at $x=2$ using the epsilon definition.
The function is defined at $x=2$ , $f(2)=\frac12$
Take $\epsilon > 0$
We need:
$$|f(x) - f(2)| < \epsilon\\
|\frac1x - \frac12| < \epsilon\\
-\epsilon < \frac1x - \frac12 < \epsilon\\
\frac12 - \epsilon < \frac1x < \epsilon + \frac12$$
Since $x=2$ and $1/2 \pm \epsilon$ is a neighborhood of $x=2$ the function is continuous at the point.
Is this fine or is there something missing ?
A:
The continuity of function $f$ at some point $x$ requires for any given $\varepsilon>0$, there exists $\delta>0$ such that for any $y$ such that $|y-x|<\delta$, we have $|f(y)-f(x)|<\varepsilon$.
So actually you are on the road, yet not reach the final. What you need is to find a $\delta$ so that the continuity condition holds. Could you keep on going now?
|
Serum chemistry and lipid profiles in neonatal beagle puppies fed homemade milk replacer formulas.
Milk replacer formulas based on cow's milk and egg yolks are frequently recommended for use in neonatal puppies. These formulas are lower in protein, kilocalories, calcium, and phosphorus than bitch's milk. In addition, the cholesterol content is greater than bitch's milk. The effect of feeding these formulas on serum chemistry profiles, lipid profiles, and alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme profiles of 5-week-old beagle puppies was studied. Three groups of beagle puppies were fed bitch's milk (control) (n = 18), a homemade milk-egg-oil formula (Formula 1) (n = 18), or a homemade milk-egg-oil formula supplemented with additional calcium and phosphorous (Formula 2) (n = 18). Concentrations of serum urea nitrogen, albumin, and total CO2 were lower (P < 0.05), and concentrations of serum phosphorus, globulins, sodium, chloride, and cholesterol were higher (P < 0.05) in formula-fed puppies than bitch-fed puppies. Serum potassium concentration was lower in the puppies fed Formula 1 than in the control puppies (P < 0.05), and serum potassium concentration in the puppies fed Formula 2 was not significantly different from that in puppies fed Formula 1 or the control puppies. Total triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein2 cholesterol (HDL2) concentrations were similar in all three groups of puppies but the combined high density lipoprotein1 (HDL1) plus low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fraction was higher (P < 0.05) in the formula-fed puppies and accounted for the majority of the increase in cholesterol. There were no differences (P < 0.05) in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) or bone-derived ALP (BALP) concentrations among the groups, however there was a higher (P < 0.05) serum concentration of liver-derived ALP (LALP) in the Formula 1-fed puppies. Feeding homemade egg and cow's milk-based puppy replacement formulas is not recommended for long term use. |
Q:
How to publish a rpm package to YUM
I have created a rpm package, and I need to publish it to YUM so that users can directly do yum install softwareName to install the application. I searched on google but can't find many resources. I'm new to this thing so I don't really know what I want to do is possible. I've tried to create a local yum repository for the application, but it seems work only for the local machine. Can anyone help please? Thank you.
A:
Assuming you've YUM installed on a Linux box.
You need to create a YUM repository that contains your RPM. For example,
./mydir/Packages/my.rpm
Use createrepo to create repository for that directory.
createrepo ./mydir
Above would create a repodata directory in ./mydir
Then tell YUM where that repository is by creating a repo file in /etc/yum.repos.d/my.repo. Contents of my.repo can be something like this:
[my_repo]
name=My YUM REPO
baseurl=file:///path/to/mydir
enabled=1
Then do, yum --enablerepo=* clean all. This should regenerate metadata for yum.
Finally,
`yum --enablerepo=* install my`
Above, my refers to my.rpm
In order to access this from other machines on the network, you need a web access,
Install http. Place your repository somewhere in, /var/www/html/repos/mydir/Packages/my.rpm
Then follow other steps and edit my.repo file to include hostname of the machine in the baseurl attribute :
baseurl=http://myrepository.com/mydir
|
There’s no denying that the watchmaking industry is going through some tough times, with layoffs punctuating low (and falling) export numbers. In fact, according to the Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry FH, this past October saw the steepest fall of the year despite a predicted recovery, and trends seem to indicate that things aren’t going to get better across most markets any time soon. Bloomberg reports “the number of watches Switzerland exports is on track to reach the lowest level since 1984, when digital timepieces were in vogue and Swatch Group AG had just been formed in reaction to low-cost competition.”
This month’s full report from FH reveals that, once again, stainless steel watches are doing better than those made of precious metals. In terms of markets, Hong Kong remained stable and the United Kingdom was one of the few positive markets in Europe (likely benefiting from the lower parity of the pound following Brexit). There we also some gains in the Chinese market. The United States, however, recorded its worst results of the year after March, reporting an 18% drop. |
Pre-Pregnancy Trauma Affects Offspring's Behaviour
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A study has found that the trauma experienced by a mother prior to pregnancy will influence her offspring's behaviour.
The study was conducted on rats at the University of Haifa.
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"The findings show that trauma from a mother's past, which does not directly impact her pregnancy, will affect her offspring's emotional and social behaviour. We should consider whether such effects occur in humans too," said Prof. Micah Leshem, who carried out the study.
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Earlier studies have researched trauma during pregnancy, this is the first study to investigate trauma prior to conception.
Rats were used in the investigation as they have found to behave socially in a similar way to humans.
Researchers examined three groups of rats: one group was put through a series of stress-inducing activities two weeks before mating, allowing the female time to recover before becoming pregnant; the second group was similarly treated over the course of a week immediately prior to mating; and the third, control group, were not given any form of stress.
Once the offspring of the rats had matured and were over 60 days old, their social and emotional behaviour, such as amount of anxiety and depression, was evaluated.
The study found that trauma experienced by the females prior to conception had varied effects on the offspring.
According to Leshem, these effects varied between groups and between male and female offspring; but their behaviour was without doubt different from that of the rats from the control group.
All the offspring of stressed mothers showed reduced social contact compared with that of the control mothers' offspring: these rats spent less time with one another and interacted less.
In other tests, there were important sex differences. The female rats displayed more symptoms of anxiety, while the males exhibited less anxiety.
Finally, those rats whose mothers became pregnant immediately after being stressed were hyperactive, indicating that how long before pregnancy adversity is experienced, is also important.
"The findings of the present study show that adversity from a mother's past, even well before her pregnancy, does affect her offspring, even when they are adult," Leshem said.
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Hybrid damping of smart, functionally graded plates using piezoelectric, fiber-reinforced composites.
This paper deals with the investigation of active, constrained layer damping (ACLD) of smart, functionally graded (FG) plates. The constraining layer of the ACLD treatment is considered to be made of a piezoelectric, fiber-reinforced composite (PFRC) material with enhanced effective piezoelectric coefficient that quantifies the in-plane actuating force due to the electric field applied across the thickness of the layer. The Young's modulus and the mass density of the FG plates are assumed to vary exponentially along the thickness of the plate, and the Poisson's ratio is assumed to be constant over the domain of the plate. A finite-element model has been developed to model the open-loop and closed-loop dynamics of the FG plates integrated with two patches of ACLD treatment. The frequency response of the plates revealed that the active patches of ACLD treatment significantly improve the damping characteristics of the FG plates over the passive damping. Emphasis has been placed on investigating the effect of variation of piezoelectric fiber angle in the constraining layer of the ACLD treatment on the attenuating capability of the patches. The analysis also revealed that the activated patches of the ACLD treatment are more effective in controlling the vibrations of FG plates when the patches are attached to the surface of the FG plates with minimum stiffness than when they are attached to the surface of the same with maximum stiffness. |
Uber is back in the news today with its second round of layoffs in little more than a month. This time on the chopping block: 435 people who work in the company’s engineering and product departments, according to TechCrunch.
In a statement on the news, Uber described the layoffs as a “reset” to get the company “back on track.”
“Our hope with these changes is to reset and improve how we work day to day—ruthlessly prioritizing, and always holding ourselves accountable to a high bar of performance and agility,” the company told TechCrunch. “While certainly painful in the moment, especially for those directly affected, we believe that this will result in a much stronger technical organization, which going forward will continue to hire some of the very best talent around the world.”
Uber lost a staggering $5.2 billion in the second quarter of 2019 and recently laid off 400 people from its marketing team. The company added in its statement today that it has “over 27,000 full-time employees.”
Uber shares were up almost 4% in late-day trading, but still considerably below their debut price of $42. |
from ..http import dump_header
from ..http import parse_set_header
from ..utils import environ_property
from ..utils import header_property
class CORSRequestMixin:
"""A mixin for :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.BaseRequest` subclasses
that adds descriptors for Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS)
headers.
.. versionadded:: 1.0
"""
origin = environ_property(
"HTTP_ORIGIN",
doc=(
"The host that the request originated from. Set"
" :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_origin` on"
" the response to indicate which origins are allowed."
),
)
access_control_request_headers = environ_property(
"HTTP_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_HEADERS",
load_func=parse_set_header,
doc=(
"Sent with a preflight request to indicate which headers"
" will be sent with the cross origin request. Set"
" :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_headers`"
" on the response to indicate which headers are allowed."
),
)
access_control_request_method = environ_property(
"HTTP_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD",
doc=(
"Sent with a preflight request to indicate which method"
" will be used for the cross origin request. Set"
" :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_methods`"
" on the response to indicate which methods are allowed."
),
)
class CORSResponseMixin:
"""A mixin for :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.BaseResponse` subclasses
that adds descriptors for Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS)
headers.
.. versionadded:: 1.0
"""
@property
def access_control_allow_credentials(self):
"""Whether credentials can be shared by the browser to
JavaScript code. As part of the preflight request it indicates
whether credentials can be used on the cross origin request.
"""
return "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials" in self.headers
@access_control_allow_credentials.setter
def access_control_allow_credentials(self, value):
if value is True:
self.headers["Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"] = "true"
else:
self.headers.pop("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", None)
access_control_allow_headers = header_property(
"Access-Control-Allow-Headers",
load_func=parse_set_header,
dump_func=dump_header,
doc="Which headers can be sent with the cross origin request.",
)
access_control_allow_methods = header_property(
"Access-Control-Allow-Methods",
load_func=parse_set_header,
dump_func=dump_header,
doc="Which methods can be used for the cross origin request.",
)
access_control_allow_origin = header_property(
"Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
doc="The origin or '*' for any origin that may make cross origin requests.",
)
access_control_expose_headers = header_property(
"Access-Control-Expose-Headers",
load_func=parse_set_header,
dump_func=dump_header,
doc="Which headers can be shared by the browser to JavaScript code.",
)
access_control_max_age = header_property(
"Access-Control-Max-Age",
load_func=int,
dump_func=str,
doc="The maximum age in seconds the access control settings can be cached for.",
)
|
from core.logging.logger import Logger
from androguard.decompiler.dad import decompile
class SurgicalLibError(Exception):
def __init__(self, message):
self.logger = Logger()
self.message = message
self.logger.surgical_log("critical", "SurgicalLib : {}"
.format(self.message))
class SurgicalLib(object):
def __init__(self, target_module, vmx, vm, k, selection, methods):
self.logger = Logger()
self.target_module = target_module
self.vmx = vmx
self.vm = vm
self.clazz = k
self.selection = selection
self.methods = methods
def process_methods(self, found_methods):
"""
Process and return a unique and analyzed list of methods based on usage
findings.
Args:
param1: Discovered methods
Returns:
return: Processed methods
"""
# Locals
seen = set()
unique = list()
processed = list()
try:
for m in found_methods:
if m.get_class_name() not in seen:
unique.append(m)
seen.add(m.get_class_name())
for u in unique:
if u.get_code():
analyzed = self.vmx.get_method(u)
src = decompile.DvMethod(analyzed)
src.process()
processed.append((u, analyzed, src.get_source()))
else:
analyzed = self.vmx.get_method(u)
processed.append((u, analyzed, None))
return processed
except Exception as e:
SurgicalLibError("process_methods : {}".format(e))
if "Instruction31c" in e.message:
pass
def search(self):
"""
Search for API usage within the target module
Args:
None
Returns:
return: Method
"""
# Locals
paths = None
method = None
found_methods = list()
try:
paths = self.vmx.get_tainted_packages().search_methods(self.clazz, self.selection, ".")
if paths:
for p in paths:
for method in self.methods:
if method.get_name() == p.get_src(self.vm.get_class_manager())[1]:
if method.get_class_name() == p.get_src(self.vm.get_class_manager())[0]:
found_methods.append(method)
if found_methods:
self.logger.surgical_log("info", "Results found (!)")
process_methods = self.process_methods(found_methods)
if process_methods:
return process_methods
else:
self.logger.surgical_log("info", "No results found (!)")
except Exception as e:
SurgicalLibError(e.message)
|
{
"created_at": "2015-02-27T22:28:53.381479",
"description": "A Puppet module for installing, and configuring ScaleIO data services components.",
"fork": false,
"full_name": "emccode/puppet-scaleio",
"language": "Puppet",
"updated_at": "2015-02-27T23:43:36.387161"
} |
Ernest Parkin
Ernest Parkin (1 October 1894 – 1957) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1910s and 1920s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (Heritage № 213), as a forward (prior to the specialist positions of; ), during the era of contested scrums.
Playing career
Parkin made his début for Wakefield Trinity during October 1913, and he played his last match for Wakefield Trinity during March 1924.
County honours
Parkin won cap(s) for Yorkshire while at Wakefield Trinity.
Challenge Cup Final appearances
Parkin played as a forward, i.e. number 12, in Wakefield Trinity's 0-6 defeat by Hull F.C. in the 1914 Challenge Cup Final during the 1913–14 season at Thrum Hall, Halifax, in front of a crowd of 19,000.
References
External links
Search for "Parkin" at rugbyleagueproject.org
Category:1894 births
Category:1957 deaths
Category:Rugby league forwards
Category:Sportspeople from Wakefield
Category:Wakefield Trinity players
Category:Yorkshire rugby league team players |
Newswise — The antidepressant drug citalopram, sold under the brand names Celexa and Cipramil and also available as a generic medication, significantly relieved agitation in a group of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In lower doses than those tested, the drug might be safer than antipsychotic drugs currently used to treat the condition, according to results of a clinical trial led by Johns Hopkins researchers that included seven other academic medical centers in the United States and Canada.
For the study, reported in the Feb. 19 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Constantine Lyketsos, M.D., M.H.S., and his colleagues recruited 186 patients with Alzheimer’s who showed a collection of symptoms including emotional distress, excessive movement, aggression, disruptive irritability and disinhibition. None experienced adequate symptom relief with non-medical therapies, and some experienced failed treatment with antipsychotic drugs. Though antipsychotics are often used as first-line medications for Alzheimer’s-related agitation, they significantly increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks and death, Lyketsos says.
At the start of the study, patients also underwent tests to define the extent of their agitation, memory and other cognitive skills, and their caregivers’ stress levels, a factor strongly linked to the well-being of those with Alzheimer’s. The patients were then separated into two groups. For the next nine weeks, about half took increasing doses of citalopram that peaked at 30 milligrams per day, and the rest took an identical-looking placebo.
At the end of the study period, the same set of tests was given, along with electrocardiograms. The study drug is linked to adverse effects on heart function, including irregular heartbeat, a harbinger of a heart attack.
Results showed that patients on the drug had significant relief from their agitation symptoms, Lyketsos says. In one measure of agitation, about 40 percent of patients who took citalopram had “considerable relief,” compared to 26 percent of patients who took the placebo. The caregivers for these patients reported less stress.
However, patients on the drug were also more likely to have slightly decreased cognitive function. “It was not huge, but measureable,” says Lyketsos, director of the Johns Hopkins Memory and Alzheimer’s Treatment Center and director of the Department of Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. “That introduces a tradeoff.”
More concerning, he adds, is that patients on citalopram had longer QTc intervals, a measure of abnormal heart function that increases the risk of heart attacks. However, Lyketsos says, antipsychotic medications also used to treat agitation increase heart attack risk as well, perhaps even more substantially.
Lyketsos and his colleagues hope to test if a lower dose of citalopram might be just as effective in treating Alzheimer’s-related agitation with less risk for cognition and heart function. In the meantime, he says, the drug offers an alternative to antipsychotics.
“If the agitation is not responding to non-medication treatments and your patient’s agitation isn’t improving, there are no great options,” Lyketsos says. “But here’s another medication choice that might be safer than other medications and seems to be just as effective.”
This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Mental Health (R01AG031348 and P50AG05142).
Along with Johns Hopkins, the other medical centers involved in the clinical trial include Columbia University, the Medical University of South Carolina, Stanford University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Rochester, the University of Southern California and the University of Toronto.
Johns Hopkins Medicine (JHM), headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland, is a $6.7 billion integrated global health enterprise and one of the leading health care systems in the United States. JHM unites physicians and scientists of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine with the organizations, health professionals and facilities of The Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System. JHM's vision, “Together, we will deliver the promise of medicine,” is supported by its mission to improve the health of the community and the world by setting the standard of excellence in medical education, research and clinical care. Diverse and inclusive, JHM educates medical students, scientists, health care professionals and the public; conducts biomedical research; and provides patient-centered medicine to prevent, diagnose and treat human illness. JHM operates six academic and community hospitals, four suburban health care and surgery centers, and more than 30 primary health care outpatient sites. The Johns Hopkins Hospital, opened in 1889, was ranked number one in the nation for 21 years in a row by U.S. News & World Report. |
A novel algorithm to model the influence of host lattice flexibility in molecular dynamics simulations: loading dependence of self-diffusion in carbon nanotubes.
We describe a novel algorithm that includes the effect of host lattice flexibility into molecular dynamics simulations that use rigid lattices. It uses a Lowe-Andersen thermostat for interface-fluid collisions to take the most important aspects of flexibility into account. The same diffusivities and other properties of the flexible framework system are reproduced at a small fraction of the computational cost of an explicit simulation. We study the influence of flexibility on the self-diffusion of simple gases inside single walled carbon nanotubes. Results are shown for different guest molecules (methane, helium, and sulfur hexafluoride), temperatures, and types of carbon nanotubes. We show, surprisingly, that at low loadings flexibility is always relevant. Notably, it has a crucial influence on the diffusive dynamics of the guest molecules. |
Q:
Is Robotium reliable for testing how fast activities and fragments start?
I'm trying to write black box automated tests to assert things like "ensure the landing page appears within 500ms of launching the app" and "ensure that a login takes less than 2 seconds". I want to do this by driving the UI of the real app, to simulate real users as closely as possible.
I'm using Robotium 5.0.1 for my black box UI tests, and I was hoping it would be simple to add some simple timing code. However, the tests seem to fail intermittently in different places, even in places that don't make network requests. It looks like occasional delays of ~2 seconds occur when running multiple tests locally in an emulator (we also run tests on Jenkins in the cloud using CloudBees, though I haven't tried the tests there yet).
Is Robotium the right tool to use for this sort of testing? Do you have any tips on the best way to do these kinds of tests?
Here's my test:
public void testLogin() {
AppData.getAppData().clear();
startTimer();
launchActivity();
assertTrue(solo.waitForFragmentByTag("landingfragment", 3000));
stopTimer();
assertWasQuickerThan(500);
startTimer();
solo.clickOnButton("Log In");
assertTrue(solo.waitForFragmentByTag("loginfragment", 3000));
stopTimer();
assertWasQuickerThan(500);
solo.enterText(0, TestUtils.EXISTING_USER_EMAIL);
solo.enterText(1, TestUtils.EXISTING_USER_PASSWORD);
startTimer();
solo.clickOnButton("Next");
assertTrue(solo.waitForActivity(LaunchActivity.class, 3000));
stopTimer();
assertWasQuickerThan(2000);
}
Here's the logcat (this shows the landing page appeared within 16ms, but after pressing the log in button it took 2079ms for the login page to appear):
03-12 14:46:11.535 386-571/system_process I/ActivityManager﹕ START u0 {cmp=com.example/com.example.ui.LaunchActivity} from pid 1180
03-12 14:46:11.555 1180-1193/com.example D/MyApp﹕ LoginTest: Step took 16ms to complete,
03-12 14:46:12.035 1180-1180/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 1470K, 47% free 3456K/6424K, paused 96ms, total 98ms
03-12 14:46:12.045 1180-1180/com.example I/dalvikvm-heap﹕ Grow heap (frag case) to 4.842MB for 1463056-byte allocation
03-12 14:46:12.145 1180-1281/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 5K, 25% free 4880K/6424K, paused 87ms, total 102ms
03-12 14:46:12.405 386-400/system_process I/ActivityManager﹕ Displayed com.example/com.example.ui.LaunchActivity: +848ms
03-12 14:46:13.115 1180-1180/com.example I/MyApp﹕ USER: LandingFragment: Sign in pressed,
03-12 14:46:13.315 1180-1180/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 1478K, 46% free 3508K/6424K, paused 21ms, total 23ms
03-12 14:46:13.315 1180-1180/com.example I/dalvikvm-heap﹕ Grow heap (frag case) to 4.761MB for 1324816-byte allocation
03-12 14:46:13.345 1180-1180/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 3K, 26% free 4798K/6424K, paused 23ms, total 23ms
03-12 14:46:13.395 1180-1180/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed <1K, 26% free 4798K/6424K, paused 31ms, total 31ms
03-12 14:46:13.405 1180-1180/com.example I/dalvikvm-heap﹕ Grow heap (frag case) to 6.153MB for 1463056-byte allocation
03-12 14:46:13.425 1180-1281/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 0K, 21% free 6227K/7856K, paused 26ms, total 26ms
03-12 14:46:13.445 1180-1180/com.example I/Choreographer﹕ Skipped 47 frames! The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
03-12 14:46:13.635 1180-1193/com.example D/MyApp﹕ LoginTest: Step took 2079ms to complete,
03-12 14:46:14.695 1180-1180/com.example I/Choreographer﹕ Skipped 52 frames! The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
03-12 14:46:15.325 1180-1193/com.example I/TestRunner﹕ failed: testLogin(com.example.blackbox.LoginTest)
03-12 14:46:15.335 1180-1193/com.example I/TestRunner﹕ ----- begin exception -----
03-12 14:46:15.335 1180-1193/com.example I/TestRunner﹕ junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Step was too slow, expected 500ms but took 2079ms
at junit.framework.Assert.fail(Assert.java:50)
at junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:20)
at com.example.blackbox.BaseBlackBoxTest.assertWasQuickerThan(BaseBlackBoxTest.java:57)
at com.example.blackbox.LoginTest.testLogin(LoginTest.java:52)
...and here is my BaseBlackBoxTest class that my test class extends:
abstract class BaseBlackBoxTest<T extends android.app.Activity>
extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<T> {
protected Solo solo;
protected long mStartTime;
protected long mStopTime;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
solo = new Solo(getInstrumentation(), getActivity());
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
solo.finishOpenedActivities();
}
public BaseBlackBoxTest(Class clazz) {
super(clazz);
}
protected void launchActivity() {
Activity activity = getActivity();
Intent intent = new Intent(activity, activity.getClass());
activity.startActivity(intent);
solo.assertCurrentActivity("Expecting " + activity.getClass(), activity.getClass());
}
// TIMING UTILITIES //
protected void startTimer() {
mStartTime = System.nanoTime();
}
protected void stopTimer() {
mStopTime = System.nanoTime();
}
protected void assertWasQuickerThan(long maxDurationMillis) {
long durationMillis = (mStopTime - mStartTime) / 1000000;
LogIt.d(this, "Step took " + durationMillis + "ms to complete");
assertTrue("Step was too slow, expected " + maxDurationMillis + "ms but took " + durationMillis + "ms",
durationMillis < maxDurationMillis);
}
}
A:
IMHO I think you should not make such automated performance tests as you don't control the performance of emulators. You should focus on testing what your app shows and not how fast it is running.
If you need to check the availability of your web services, you can make separate tests that call HTTP requests and fail after the timeout you specified.
|
/* Generated by re2c */
// re2c $INPUT -o $OUTPUT -ci
enum YYCONDTYPE {
yyca,
};
{
YYCTYPE yych;
switch (YYGETCONDITION()) {
case yyca:
goto yyc_a;
}
/* *********************************** */
yyc_a:
if (YYLIMIT <= YYCURSOR) YYFILL(1);
yych = *YYCURSOR++;
{}
}
|
Plate count agar
Plate Count Agar (PCA), also called Standard Methods Agar (SMA), is a microbiological growth medium commonly used to assess or to monitor "total" or viable bacterial growth of a sample. PCA is not a selective medium.
The composition of plate count agar may vary, but typically it contains (w/v):
0.5% peptone
0.25% yeast extract
0.1% glucose
1.5% agar
pH adjusted to neutral at 32 C for 48 hours.
References
Category:Microbiological media |
= -16*d - 76. Calculate the smallest common multiple of 24 and n(-7).
72
Suppose 5*r + 2*v - 20 = 0, 2*r + 2*v - 7 - 1 = 0. What is the least common multiple of r and 180?
180
Let q be ((-14)/478)/((-12)/16). Let g = 67723/10038 + q. Find the common denominator of g and -89/2.
14
Suppose 5*r + 5*y - 435 = 0, 22 + 69 = r - 3*y. Calculate the lowest common multiple of r and 33.
264
Let k(g) = -g**3 + 18*g**2 - 9*g - 48. What is the lowest common multiple of k(17) and 24?
264
Calculate the common denominator of 125/12 and (91/(-42) - -6)*(-27)/258.
516
What is the least common multiple of (-70)/(-15) + -4 + (-237)/(-9) and 51?
459
Suppose 4*i + 5*q - 27 = -0*i, 3*i + 4*q - 21 = 0. Calculate the smallest common multiple of i and 15.
15
Let h be (10/(-15))/(4/2685). Let n = h + 431. What is the common denominator of n and -13/17?
34
Suppose 11 = -5*s + 1. Let i be (s + -1)/(8 - 9). Suppose -3*x + 10 = -2*y, 2*y - i*x - x + 10 = 0. What is the common denominator of 17/6 and y?
6
Let t(h) = -7*h + 5*h + 0*h**3 - h**3 - 8 - 5*h**2 - 5*h. Suppose 7*d + f = 4*d + 10, 2*d + 3*f = 2. Calculate the lowest common multiple of t(-4) and d.
4
Let j be -3 - -2 - (2 + -11). Let d(m) = m**2 - m**3 - j + m + 12 + 5*m. What is the smallest common multiple of 4 and d(3)?
4
Let h(l) = l**3 - 8*l**2 - 20*l + 33. Let b be h(10). What is the common denominator of -29/20 and (2/(-2))/(48/b)?
80
Let f = 4 - -4. Let d be -1 - 0/(6/2). What is the smallest common multiple of f and ((-4)/6)/(d/33)?
88
Let s = 79 - 55. Calculate the common denominator of (s/90)/((-12)/(-250)) and (-76)/(-3)*(-5)/30.
9
Suppose 5*h - 13 = -8. Find the common denominator of 17/18 and 46/(-3)*h/(-4)*1.
18
Find the common denominator of (-11)/264*9 - 14/10 and -12/25.
200
Let s be 0 + ((-4)/55)/4. Let a = s - 4781/220. Find the common denominator of a and -103/10.
20
Let j = 19 - 16. Suppose 0 = 4*r + 2*d - 20, 2*r + r - 33 = j*d. What is the lowest common multiple of 3 and r?
21
Suppose -21 = -7*v + 4*v. Suppose -r = -0*r + v. Calculate the least common multiple of (r/7)/(1/(-8)) and 8.
8
Let l(h) = -2*h + 1. Let r(s) = s. Let x(m) = -l(m) - r(m). Let b(o) = 40*o - 352. What is the lowest common multiple of x(5) and b(9)?
8
Let u be (-15)/25 + (-318)/(-5). Let a be (110/6)/((-4)/18). Let f = u + a. Find the common denominator of -27/4 and f.
4
Let t = -290 + 335. Calculate the least common multiple of 55 and t.
495
Let h = -1/2483 - 114209/22347. Suppose -5*i + 105 = -0. What is the common denominator of i and h?
9
Let a be (60/(-7))/(6/42). Let z = -110 - a. Find the common denominator of z and -28/3.
3
Let z be 3*-5*4/(-20). Calculate the lowest common multiple of 18 and (-1)/3*z*-9.
18
Let r be 716/18 - (-10)/45. Suppose -2*h + 7*h = r. Let y(u) = -u**3 + 6*u**2 + 6. Calculate the lowest common multiple of h and y(6).
24
Let w = 43171/6 + -7179. Let i = -60285 + 723833/12. Let m = 101/3 - i. What is the common denominator of w and m?
12
Let n(j) = 2*j - 13. Let w be n(8). Find the common denominator of 59/6 and (-149)/12 - (0 - w).
12
Let f(m) = m + 6. Let a = -73 - -71. Suppose 3*o - 3*w - 28 = -w, -4*o + 5*w + 28 = 0. What is the smallest common multiple of f(a) and o?
12
Let i = 2/5465 + -792437/32790. Let j = -764/11 + 5629/66. Calculate the common denominator of j and i.
6
Find the common denominator of (49/22)/(2 - 16 - -12) and 91/132.
132
Suppose 0 = -3*s - 5 + 14. Let f(y) = y**2 + 9*y + 8. What is the least common multiple of f(-9) and s?
24
Suppose -2*v - 2*v + 88 = 0. Let c(p) = p**2 + 3*p - 6. Let x = 30 - 26. What is the least common multiple of v and c(x)?
22
Let q = 1905 + -1694. Calculate the least common multiple of 1 and q.
211
What is the common denominator of (44/825)/2*(-37)/(-2) and -67/75?
75
Suppose 11 = 3*u - 49. What is the smallest common multiple of (-41)/(-5) + u/(-100) and 46?
184
Suppose -c = 3*u + 64 + 2, -88 = 4*u - 3*c. Calculate the common denominator of ((-9)/20 - -1)*(13 + u) and ((-3)/(-4))/(18/(-308)).
60
Let p = 14 - 0. Let k = -96919/22 + 4403. Find the common denominator of (p/40)/(2/26) and k.
220
Let x = 28 + 100. Calculate the smallest common multiple of 6 and x.
384
Suppose 5*r - 16 = -2*n + 4*r, -3*r = 2*n - 20. Suppose -n*o - 120 = -2*o. What is the common denominator of 107/22 and 101/o + 8/6?
88
Let b = -163 + 236. Let m = b + -53. Calculate the least common multiple of m and 16.
80
Suppose 106 + 28 = -x. Calculate the common denominator of ((-24)/9 - -3)*123/x and 59/6.
402
Calculate the common denominator of (2/25)/(2559/(-345) - -7) and -71/10.
120
Suppose -342 - 1038 = -12*j. Let b = 117 - j. Calculate the smallest common multiple of 24 and b.
24
Suppose z = -4*z + 125. Suppose 4*m = 3*m + 2*x + z, 85 = 5*m - 2*x. Find the common denominator of 87/50 and 30/132*267/m.
550
Suppose 6*z - 2*z - 36 = 0. Let u = z + 1. What is the common denominator of 2/u + (-845)/(-400) and 11/16?
16
Let i = 34 - 27. Suppose -i*w + 12*w = 105. Find the common denominator of 234/(-20) - 1/2 and w.
5
Let g(p) = p**2 + 6*p + 7. Let h(f) = -f**3 + 8*f**2 - 11. Let j be h(8). Let d = 39 - j. Calculate the lowest common multiple of d and g(-7).
350
Suppose 0 = -0*u + 2*u + m - 820, u + 5*m = 410. Let o be 0 - (-3 + u/(-3)). Let w = -145 + o. Calculate the common denominator of w and -35/9.
9
Suppose 4*l = -r - 2*r + 537, 3*r - l - 522 = 0. What is the lowest common multiple of 49 and r?
1225
Let u = 634 - 5123/8. Let t = -733 + 7323/10. What is the common denominator of t and u?
40
Suppose -20*i = -37*i + 68. Calculate the smallest common multiple of i and 24.
24
Calculate the common denominator of (-5)/(-170)*(0 + (-123)/(-6)) and 17/6.
204
Let n(d) = -d**3 + 16*d**2 + 19*d - 19. Calculate the lowest common multiple of 100 and n(17).
300
Suppose 15905 = 3*a + 40793. Let h = 82847/10 + a. Calculate the common denominator of h and (-2)/8 - (-170)/(-56).
70
Suppose 0 = 17*d - 23*d + 54. What is the smallest common multiple of 9 and d?
9
Suppose 5*g = -g - 150. Let d = g - -47. Suppose 2*s - 108 = -32. What is the least common multiple of d and s?
418
Let p = 56 - 52. What is the common denominator of 71/2 and 8/(p - 3)*3/(-39)?
26
Let f(z) = -2*z + 12. Let i be f(9). What is the common denominator of -41/8 and 3*i/9 - 78/(-14)?
56
Let s be (-1)/(-2 + 1) + -113. Calculate the smallest common multiple of (2/4)/((-4)/s) and 28 + (0 - 5) + -5.
126
Calculate the common denominator of 303/(-36) - (-15)/30 and 37/1954.
11724
Let j = 3/302 + -1587/151. Calculate the common denominator of j and -23/36.
36
Let g = 22 - 7. Let k(o) = 2*o**2 - 8*o + 5. Calculate the lowest common multiple of k(5) and g.
15
Let l be (5 + -3)/(-1 - (4 + -3)). Find the common denominator of l + 6/(-4)*111/(-9) and 95/8.
8
Let i = -30/77 + 3987/154. What is the common denominator of i and 35/(-4)*(-2 + 4)?
2
Calculate the common denominator of ((-10)/(-275))/(15/(-800)) and -49/3.
33
Find the common denominator of -3/35 and (6/(-15))/(616/(-2585)).
140
Let c be 3 - 2 - 246842/(-20). Suppose -24884 = -6*w - 99014. Let f = w + c. What is the common denominator of f and -1/4?
20
What is the common denominator of 2 - (1 + 94/4) and 1 + 222/(-20) + -1?
10
Suppose -2*k + 4 = 2*t, -3*t + k = -0*t - 6. Find the common denominator of 9 - (t - -7)*(-4)/(-12) and -59/8.
8
Let n = -57173/10 - -5722. Let p = 191/20 + n. Find the common denominator of p and 18/11.
44
Let q(v) = -5*v - 6. Suppose -w = 2*b - 8, -2*b - 2*w - 3 = -13. Suppose p - b*d + 30 = 2*d, 15 = p + 4*d. What is the smallest common multiple of 3 and q(p)?
57
Let b be -1*2/(-1 - 1). What is the common denominator of (170/80)/(b/(-24)*-10) and -19/14?
70
Let c(r) = r**2 + 15*r + 64. Calculate the lowest common multiple of 2 and c(-6).
10
Let y = -324 + 378. Calculate the smallest common multiple of y and 54.
54
Let r = -185587/60 - -15511/5. What is the common denominator of 33/184 and r?
552
Let x be ((-72)/(-20) - 4)*315. Find the common denominator of (-3081)/x*-1 + (-4)/(-14) and 41/11.
66
Let l be (-6)/33 + (-128)/22. Let v be (-12)/(-9) + (-4)/l. Suppose -3*a - x + 34 = 0, v*a - 5*x + 38 = 5*a. Calculate the lowest common multiple of a and 7.
77
Let a = 89/68 + -839/1836. What is the common denominator of -59/33 and a?
297
Find the com |
Coding of amino acids by texture descriptors.
In this paper we propose a new feature extractor for peptide/protein classification based on the calculation of texture descriptors. Representing a peptide/protein using a matrix descriptor, instead of a vector, allows to deal with the peptide/protein as an image and to use texture descriptors for representation purposes. A matrix descriptor, which is a squared matrix of the dimension of the peptide/protein, is obtained considering a partial ordering of the amino acids of the peptide/protein according to their value of a given physicochemical property. Each matrix descriptor is considered as a texture image and several texture descriptors are considered to obtain a compact representation which is scale invariant (i.e. independent on the length of the peptide\protein). The texture descriptors tested in this work are: local binary patterns (LBP), discrete cosine transform (DCT) and Daubechies wavelets. The experimental section reports several tests, aimed at supporting our ideas, performed on the following datasets: vaccine dataset for the predictions of peptides that bind human leukocyte antigens; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease cleavage site prediction dataset and membrane proteins type dataset. The experimental results confirm the usefulness of the novel descriptors: the performance obtained by our system on the three difficult datasets is quite high, indicating that the proposed method is a feasible system for extracting information from peptides and proteins. The performance obtained by each of the three texture descriptors calculated from the matrix-based representation, and coupled to a support vector machine classifier, is lower than the performance obtained by other vector-based descriptors based on physicochemical properties proposed in the literature. Anyway the new descriptors bring different information and our tests show that the texture descriptors and the vector-based descriptors can be combined to improve the overall performance of the system. In particular the proposed approach improves the state-of-the-art results in two out of three tested problems (HIV-1 protease cleavage site prediction dataset and membrane proteins type dataset). |
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct Foo_Bar {
const int32_t *something;
};
struct Bar {
int32_t something;
struct Foo_Bar subexpressions;
};
void root(struct Bar b);
|
Pyuu to Fuku! Jaguar 94 - Read Pyuu to Fuku! Jaguar Chapter 94
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Q:
disable interactive logon
I need to create a user for my application when deploying. I want to prevent others from loging in with this user. How do i disable the interactive logon for this user with c#?
In other words, how to set SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight for that user?
A:
The function you're looking for is LsaAddAccountRights.
|
The Relation of Familiarity With Sexual Abusers to Subsequent Developmental Adaptation in Youths Who Have Sexually Offended.
The present study explored the effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) on the adaptation of male juveniles who subsequently sexually offended (JSOs; n = 178; age, M = 16.05 years, SD = 0.27, range = 12-22). It examined multiple levels of interpersonal closeness between the perpetrators of sexual abuse and their JSO victims. JSOs who were sexually abused by older children or adults who cohabitated with them for at least 3 months reported higher levels of emotional dysregulation, callousness/manipulativeness, and sexualization than did both JSOs who were sexually abused by someone they had never lived with and JSOs who reported no experiences of sexual abuse. Implications of these findings are discussed. |
What does there are problems with the security certificate mean?
“There is a problem with this website’s security certificate.” Your browser already contains a list of root certificates for trusted certificates. When a website certificate does not match any certificate authority on your browser’s list, you receive an error message. These authorities are confidential certifiers.
What are security certificates on Android phone?
Devices that don’t have the necessary security certificates are blocked from the network. You can add security certificates to your Android smartphone or tablet, which can use them when connecting to a Wi-Fi or VPN. Android devices support secure certificates in PKCS #12 format.
How do I fix SSL error on android?
Go to “Privacy” and select “Settings.” Then choose “Clear Browsing Data.” Check all the boxes on the screen and then hit “Clear.” Try changing the WiFi connection on your device if clearing data and resetting your Time/Date didn’t work.
How do I fix SSL connection error?
How to Fix “ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR” for Google Chrome
Check the Date of Your System. Date is the most common reason behind SSL errors.
Clear Browsing Data.
Clear Your SSL State.
Disable QUIC Protocol of Chrome.
Check Your Antivirus Settings.
Check Your Firewall.
Disable Extensions.
Adjust Your Internet Security and Privacy Level.
How do you bypass a certificate error?
Fix 1 – Install the Certificate
Right-click the “Internet Explorer” icon, then choose “Run as administrator“.
Visit the website, and choose the option to “Continue to this website (not recommended).”.
Click where it says “Certificate error” in the address bar, then choose “View certificates“.
How do I get rid of certificate errors?
Open Internet Explorer and click on “Tools,” or the gear icon. Click “Internet Options” and click on the “Advanced” tab. Navigate to the “Security” subheading and remove the check marks on both the “Check for publisher’s certificate revocation” and “check for server certificate revocation” options.
How do I fix SSL certificate error?
The HTTPS error can be due to outdated or mismatched SSL certificate. So clearing the SSL cache is one potential fix for HTTPS error. This is how you can clear the SSL certificate for Google Chrome. First, open the Chrome browser; and click the Customize Google Chrome button at the top right of its window.
How do I fix Google security certificate errors?
To clear the certificate error go to Tools –> Internet Options from the menu of IE 8. 3. Click on the Advanced tab and scroll down to the security section. Clear the boxes for: “Check for publisher’s certificate revocation” and “Check for server certificate revocation”.
Why do I get website security certificate errors?
The “There is a problem with this website’s security certificate” error may occur due to the enabled “Warn about certificate address mismatch” option. To check that and disable this option, you have to: Right-click Windows key and open Control Panel. Select Internet Options and open Advanced tab.
Why am I getting security certificate errors on my computer?
According to users, in order to fix There is a problem with this website’s security certificate error, you need to change Trusted Sites settings on your PC. This is rather simple and you can do it by following these steps: Open Internet Options and go to the Security tab.
Where are certificates stored android?
Tap “Trusted credentials.” This will display a list of all trusted certs on the device.
What causes SSL connection error?
‘SSL Connection Error’ is the most popular & common error on the world. SSL connection errors occur when you are trying to connect to an SSL-enabled website and your browser (client) is unable to make a secure connection to the website’s server.
How do I fix your connection is not private on Android?
Your Connection is Not Private Android – How to Fix It Guide
Check Date and Time. If the time in your device’s clock doesn’t match the time in the web server, the SSL certificate of the website won’t get verified, leading to the SSL Connection Error Android.
What is SSL error on android?
Easily fix the exasperating SSL Connection Error on your Android device. ‘SSL Connection Error’ is one of the most commonly faced problems when it comes to browsing on an Android device or any other device for that matter. SSL certificate secure communication between your browser and the web server of a website.
How do I get rid of SSL error in Chrome?
1.Open google chrome and go to “Settings.” 2.Scroll down to bottom and click on “Show advanced settings..” 3.Now scroll till you find “Change proxy settings” under network and click it. 4.Go to “Content” tab and click on “Clear SSL state.”
What does Cannot connect using SSL mean?
To Connect Using SSL. Tap No, you do not want to try setting up the account without SSL, and then tap Save. Tap the email account you just attempted to set up, and then scroll down to tap SMTP. Tap the Primary Server. Tap OFF to turn the SSL setting on, and then tap Server Port to change it to 465.
How do I bypass certificate errors in Chrome?
Option 2 – Prevent Warning
Windows Key and pressing “R” to bring up the Run dialog, then type “chrome –ignore-certificate-errors” and select “OK”
Make a new shortcut for Chrome that runs “chrome –ignore-certificate-errors” You can do this by: Right-click a blank area of the Desktop, then choose “Shortcut“.
What causes certificate errors?
A site’s certificate allows Internet Explorer to establish a secure connection with the site. Certificate errors occur when there’s a problem with a certificate or a web server’s use of the certificate. This often means that the security certificate was obtained or used fraudulently by the website.
What is SSL handshake failed?
Overview. Error 525 indicates that the SSL handshake between Cloudflare and the origin web server failed. This only occurs when the domain is using Cloudflare Full or Full (Strict) SSL mode. If you are a site visitor, report the problem to the site owner.
Why am I being told my connection is not private?
In most of the cases, computer’s inaccurate date and time are the biggest cause of an SSL error or “Your connection is not private” error message. If you want to get rid of Google Chrome “Your connection is not private ” error message then update your device’s clock.
What does connection not private mean?
When you get this type of error it means something prevents Google Chrome to load the website securely and privately. There are a number of reasons why that might be – unknown or expired SSL certificate (that’s a very common one) or the connection between your device and the server is not secure. |
De Stille Kracht (TV series)
De Stille Kracht ("The hidden force") was a Dutch television series from 1974 based on the novel of the same name by Louis Couperus. The series consisted of three episodes, each of which was eighty minutes long and produced by Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep (AVRO). It was broadcast from 9 to 23 September and, according to the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision, viewed by several million people.
The story is set at the end of the nineteenth century and concerns the cultural gap between East and West, that is between the Netherlands and their colony on Java. The Dutch colonists, who nominally rule Java, realize that the island maintains its own natural order by way of a hidden force, goena goena, a term denoting magic as well as depths of eastern cultures that westerners cannot probe. The original novel contemplated the Dutch people's inability to adapt to the culture and environment of their colony in what is now Indonesia.
The series was directed by Walter van der Kamp, while set design was handled by Wim Bijmoer and music was done by Tonny Eyk. The protagonists were played by Pleuni Touw, Bob de Lange, Hans Dagelet, and Willem Nijholt. Pleuni Touw became the first actress to have a nude scene on Dutch television: it showed her taking a shower while betel spit (some sources say blood) from "invisible mouths" appeared on her body. The scene remained controversial afterwards, and although she gained popular recognition she was passed over for later roles; she later commented that, had she been in the United States, producers would have said "grab that girl, she will be good for the box office" and hire her. Meanwhile, Nijholt's role proved his breakthrough one; he later appeared in Hamelen, Willem van Oranje, and Ciske de Rat.
De Stille Kracht was released as a three-piece DVD set in the Netherlands by Bridge Entertainment Group. The release contained no special features except for trailers. Jef Westerveld, reviewing for the DVD site DVD Home, found the story poorly paced yet full of tension; he considered the video and audio standard for Dutch TV series of the time, noting that the faded colours were common at the time. A feature film adaptation of the novel and series, directed by Paul Verhoeven, is scheduled for a 2013 release.
References
Explanatory notes
Citations
External links
Category:1974 Dutch television series debuts
Category:1974 Dutch television series endings
Category:Dutch drama television series
Category:Louis Couperus
Category:1970s Dutch television series
Category:Television programs based on Dutch novels
Category:Dutch-language television programs
Category:Television series set in the 1890s |
Q:
Is phishing ineffective against a Gmail account that has 2FA?
According to my knowledge, phishing basically only steals the email id and password, right?
A:
"Phishing" is a broad term for online social engineering attacks where the attacker impersonates somebody the victim trusts. Phishing attacks can have many goals; basically anything that the the user could be persuaded to do on behalf of the impersonated entity. 2FA protects against certain attacks, and some forms of 2FA provide better protection than others, but it's not a perfect solution.
Attacker wants credentials: get the user to enter their credentials in a web form that appears to be a trusted site. This alone won't give the attacker access to the account if the account has 2FA, but we never specified "access to the account", merely "credentials".
Attacker wants access to the account: spoof the trusted login page, and then simultaneously try to log in with the captured credentials (and forward back any user-facing prompts) so the user sees the expected 2FA behavior and approves the login / enters their access code. (This doesn't work for FIDO/U2F, but the attacker can try having their spoofed login page complain that the security key isn't working and the victim should use an alternate authentication method.)
Attacker wants access to the account contents (emails, etc.): Convince the victim to authorize an app (maybe call it "Gmail Privacy Protection" or similar) that the attacker controls, and that gets access to the user's mailbox (this exact kind of attack went around less than 3 years ago with an app spoofing Google Docs integration and then forwarding itself as a worm).
Attacker wants to control the victim's browser: get the victim to install a browser extension from a "trusted" source.
Attacker wants to take over / compromise (perhaps with ransomware) the victim's whole computer: convince the victim to run a program written/distributed by a "trusted" source.
Attacker wants the victim to send them $2500 in gift cards (this is a more common attack than you might think): convince the victim you're their boss, tell them to buy the gift cards with their corporate account and that it's covered, and to send them to somebody that is a plausible recipient (a corporate partner, or an internal team running a prize event, or whatever) but with the wrong address.
Attacker wants... you get the idea.
Phishing your credentials is like XSSing your session token. It's obvious and scary and a perfectly legitimate target, but it's far from the only thing the attacker can do, and mitigations that specifically protect against that goal usually do little or nothing to prevent other goals. FIDO/U2F security keys provide excellent protection against web-based phishing pages, but you need to use them consistently. They provide no protection against you authorizing access to an app, running code (either in a sandbox like your browser / phone, or on your computer directly), or other attacks that don't directly involve stealing the victim's credentials or login session.
A:
Assumption: by phishing you mean putting up a fake web page that looks like GMail and trying to trick users into typing their username and password into it.
GMail has three types of 2FA
1) Phone prompt:
To defeat this all the attacker has to do is immediately try to log in with your stolen username and password. Since you think you're logging in (you just tried to log in to their phishing site after all), you'll likely confirm it. A more savvy user might be saved here by noticing the browser/location etc issues, but many would just click. (and an even more savvy attacker knows your browser/OS and location since you just used their phishing site and could go to the trouble to spoof that too.)
2) SMS Code:
Again attacker just has to build a site that also asks for your mobile number then immediately use the information they phished from you, you will get an SMS, and you will type it into the 2FA screen they put up. If their initial phishing page tricked you into entering your info, it's unlikely you will suddenly notice it's fake at step 2.
3) FIDO U2F Dongle / Key Token:
Actually provides some real security if you are tricked into typing your username and password into a phishing site. An attacker will not be able to use a token they tricked you into generating for mail.googiie.hackerland to then access a real google domain.
|
Depression and anxiety in pain clinic patients. Rapid assessment by microcomputer.
Computer administered depression and anxiety rating scales were used in a pilot study to screen patients attending a regional pain relief unit. Patients found the procedure acceptable and helpful. There was a poor correlation between the computer assessments and doctors' ratings, with in general a much greater degree of morbid depression and anxiety revealed by the computer. Computer administered rating scales may be useful as a screening tool in pain clinic patients to identify those at risk of significant psychiatric morbidity. |
CNN host Erin Burnett did her best to provide cover for former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on the issue of Benghazi during a highly combative interview with Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX).
Cruz appeared on Erin Burnett OutFront on Tuesday, June 17 and was immediately met with a barrage of questions from the CNN host in which she defended Ms. Clinton from numerous criticisms over Benghazi. [See video below.]
Burnett began the confrontational interview by wondering “Do you think you're emboldening her by continuing with these investigations?” before laying into Cruz. The GOP senator insisted:
The truth isn't partisan. They're basic questions that haven't been answered, and she views it as criticism. to ask what happened that night, why were we attacked by terrorists? Why didn't we prevent it? Why didn't we have assets in place to save those four Americans? And why did the administration tell the American people a story that was demonstrably false?
The CNN host quickly defended Ms. Clinton by maintaining:
Well, I mean, you have to understand they were saying part of the reason they didn't want to talk to reporters is they wanted to understand more about what happened. They didn't want it to be politicized, they wanted to come out with a more accurate story. Maybe that was a poor public relations way of handling it. But it makes sense. If she says I still need answers, isn’t that enough for you?
The back-and-forth continued:
SEN. TED CRUZ: We don't have the answers, though.
BURNETT: She's admitting I don't have them all. I’m not trying to say I’m blameless. I’m trying to get answers.
SEN. TED CRUZ: But she's not trying to get answers. She's trying to block the answers from ever being answered. Her most famous comment on this is, what difference does it make? She views this purely through the lens of partisan politics. We owe our men and women serving this nation, our diplomatic corps. Ambassador Stevens was the first ambassador killed in the line of duty since 1979. We owe it to the men and women serving this country to get to the bottom, not to play politics with it.
BURNETT: How has she played politics with it?
SEN. TED CRUZ: By having her political aide instruct career foreign service officers do not talk about what happened. Do not answer questions from congress or the media. And indeed, The White House, Erin, lied to the media. You'll recall The White House told the media, we did not change the talking points at all about what happened in Benghazi.
BURNETT: There are still questions about where those talking points got altered. as we both know.
SEN. TED CRUZ: Erin with respect there are no questions, there are 11 edits that they’ve admitted now they did change. So there’s no dispute that they changed it and there’s no dispute that they lied–
As the interview continued, Burnett continued to defend the Obama Administration’s Benghazi talking points:
I know neither I or you want to have a whole interview about Benghazi, but Al Qaeda itself is a controversial term. Maybe they took the words out because that took from directions from Al Qaeda to the border. There were reasons to take those terms out that made complete respect.
For his part, Cruz refused to accept the CNN host’s defense of Clinton:
With all respect, no, they didn't. they didn't just take out Al Qaeda, they took out any reference to radical Islamic terrorism. the most consistent error of the Clinton/Obama presidency is the failure to understand the nature of our enemies.
See relevant transcript below.
CNN
Erin Burnett OutFront
June 17, 2014
7:06 p.m. Eastern
ERIN BURNETT: And joining me now is Republican Senator Ted Cruz, joining us exclusively. And great to have you with us, senator. You know, I know you heard some of that. But I wanted to play a bit more for you about what Hillary Clinton said about an issue you've talked a lot about, that, of course, is Benghazi.
HILLARY CLINTON: There have been, as you know, a number of investigations including the independent one that the State Department commissioned as well as many in Congress. There are answers, not all of them, not enough, frankly, I'm still looking for answers because it was a confusing and difficult time.
BURNETT: It sounds like you and the Secretary agree, that you are both still looking for answers.
SEN. TED CRUZ: Well, I was certainly encouraged when she said that. And I hope that that means Secretary Clinton will support the resolution that I filed in the U.S. Senate along with 24 other senators to have a joint select committee to investigate what happened in Benghazi. The House has created a Select Committee. I've asked the Senate to do so. And indeed just a few weeks ago when I stood on the senate floor and asked for unanimous consent for the senate to do our job, to answer the questions that Secretary Clinton rightly noted are still there. Bob Menendez, the senator who is the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee stood up and objected.
And, you know Erin his response was striking. In the course of objecting he said, I have no idea whether President Obama was awake or asleep the night that our Americans were under attack. And he went even further. He said. I have no idea whether there was anything President Obama could have done to saved the lives of those four Americans. But we don't need to answer those questions. Well, with respect, I think those questions are important to all the men and women serving in our nation and we ought to get to the bottom of the truth.
BURNETT: It is truth, of course, on Benghazi, that there need to be answers, people need to be held accountable regardless of the politics around it. But the politics have taken center stage. You've been a big part of that. And as you know, Hillary Clinton recently in an ABC interview said Republican criticism, a lot of it coming from you -- she didn't say that, but I’m noting for our viewers, you've been very critical. Her handling of Benghazi has incentivized her to run for president. I mean, do you think you're emboldening her by continuing with these investigations?
SEN. TED CRUZ: You know, Erin, the truth isn't partisan. They're basic questions that haven't been answered, and she views it as criticism. To ask what happened that night, why were we attacked by terrorists? Why didn't we prevent it? Why didn't we have assets in place to save those four Americans? And why did the administration tell the American people a story that was demonstrably false? Now, what we do know is even though Secretary Clinton today is telling CNN there are a lot of answers that need to be answered, we know that in the aftermath of Benghazi her chief political aid Cheryl Mills told career foreign service officers don't talk to reporters, don't talk to Congress, don't talk about what happened. And it is not partisan to simply say we should get to the truth. That should be a bipartisan objective, but unfortunately, Secretary Clinton from the beginning has stonewalled on this rather than acting as a partner getting to the bottom of the what happened.
BURNETT: Well, I mean that's interesting. I know they were saying part of the reason they didn't want to talk to reporters was they wanted to understand more about what happened. They didn't want it to be politicized, they wanted to come out with a more accurate story. Maybe that was a poor was from public relations way of handling it. But it makes sense. If she says I still need answers, isn’t that enough for you?
SEN. TED CRUZ: We don't have the answers, though.
BURNETT: But she's admitting I don't have them all. I’m not trying to say I’m blameless. I’m trying to get answers.
SEN. TED CRUZ: But she's not trying to get answers. She's trying to block the answers from ever being answered. Indeed, her most famous comment on this is, what difference does it make? She views this as purely through the lens of partisan politics. And we owe the men and women serving this nation, we owe our diplomatic corps, we owe our ambassadors. Ambassador Christopher Stevens was the first U.S. ambassador killed in the line of duty since 1979. We owe it to the men and women serving this country to get to the bottom, not to play politics with it.
BURNETT: How has she played politics with it? Her specifically, what has she done?
SEN. TED CRUZ: By having her political aide instruct career foreign service officers do not talk about what happened. Do not answer questions from Congress or the media. And indeed, The White House, Erin, lied to the media. You'll recall The White House told the media, we did not change the talking points at all about what happened in Benghazi.
BURNETT: Well, there's still questions as to where those talking points got altered. as you and I both know that's a complicated trail. .
SEN. TED CRUZ: Erin with respect there are no questions, there are 11 edits that they’ve admitted now they did change. So there’s no dispute that they changed it and there’s no dispute that they lied--
BURNETT: But there are questions about whether it was about tone or honesty. I want to get at this point, though –
SEN. TED CRUZ: It wasn't tone or honesty. what they did specifically -- there's a broader point. the edits they made is they edited out every reference to Al Qaeda and radical Islamic terrorism. And the problem with the Obama/Clinton foreign policy -- you know, throughout this town hall, Secretary Clinton said everything was a hard choice. This was a hard choice. that was a hard choice. There's a reason everything appears to be a hard choice because --
BURNETT: Yes, but let me just make this point. I know neither you or I want to have a whole interview about Benghazi, but Al Qaeda itself is a complicated term. Maybe they took the words out because that would imply directions straight from Al Qaeda headquarters on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. There were reasons to take those terms out that made complete Sense.
SEN. TED CRUZ: Erin with respect, no, they didn't. Because they didn't just take out Al Qaeda, they took out any reference to radical Islamic terrorism. And the most consistent error of the Clinton/Obama presidency is the failure to understand the nature of the people we're dealing with of our enemies. It is striking that neither President Obama nor Hillary Clinton in this discussion tonight are willing to utter the words "radical Islamic terrorism." They do not understand the radical religious extremism of individuals committed to jihad who had pledged to murder Americans and they leads them to keep making the mistakes over and over and over again whether it is releasing five senior Taliban terrorists without understanding that these individuals will likely return to active warfare against the United States. Whether it is in the case of Iraq, not understanding the threat posed by ISIS. I'll tell you a great question we ought to be asking right now is whether the administration has armed ISIS, these radical Islamic terrorists, whether they've armed them in Syria. Because we know they're arming some of the rebels. And we haven't had an answer as to which rebels they're arming and which they're not. And you cannot win a battle against radical Islamic terrorism if you're unwilling to utter the words "radical Islamic terrorism." If you don't acknowledge the character.
Federal employees and military personnel can donate to the Media Research Center through the Combined Federal Campaign or CFC. To donate to the MRC, use CFC #12489. Visit the CFC website for more information about giving opportunities in your workplace. |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common age-related, sustained cardiac arrhythmia. It accounts for 4% of cases of arrhythmia in the population older than 60 years and for 8% of cases in patients older than 80 years \[[@B1]\]. AF adversely affects the prognosis mainly because of thromboembolic complications such as stroke, development of heart failure, or progression of preexisting heart failure. The association between AF and acute PE is complex and not fully elucidated. The two conditions have some common risk factors, such as obesity, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and hypertension \[[@B2]\]. The risk of AF as well as pulmonary embolism (PE) increases with age. It has not been unequivocally explained whether the presence of AF in patients with PE affects their prognosis. So far, it has not been well established whether AF can lead to episodes of PE due to right-side intracardiac thrombi formation. Moreover, data concerning the prognostic significance of paroxysmal AF in patients with PE are sparse \[[@B3]\]. Paroxysmal AF may occur as a consequence of PE due to acute right ventricular (RV) systolic overload and subsequent right atrial dilation. Therefore, we decided to explore the hypothesis of whether paroxysmal AF could be a sign of PE severity and thus a marker of worse prognosis. We aimed to analyze the significance of paroxysmal AF that develops in the course of acute PE and to evaluate clinical characteristics of these patients, performance of the two prognostic scores for PE, and an impact of paroxysmal AF on short- and long-term all-cause mortality compared to patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and permanent AF.
2. Materials and Methods {#sec2}
========================
The study cohort consisted of 391 consecutive patients with primary diagnosis of acute PE. Patients were aged 18 years or older and were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology at University Hospital in Białystok, Poland, from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013. Their medical records were retrospectively analyzed. In 344 patients (88%), the diagnosis of PE was established by thoracic computed tomography angiography. In the remaining 47 patients (12%), it was confirmed on the basis of pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy or echocardiography. As a standard procedure during index hospitalization, color duplex ultrasound of the lower extremity was performed to assess the presence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The study population was then divided into three groups ([Figure 1](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}):the sinus rhythm (SR) group included patients in SR throughout the hospital stay;the paroxysmal AF group included patients with one or more episodes of paroxysmal AF documented by electrocardiogram (ECG) at any time during index hospitalization. This group included patients in SR on admission who developed paroxysmal AF during hospital stay and patients with AF on admission with sustained SR during subsequent hospital stay;the permanent AF group included patients with the diagnosis of permanent AF confirmed by ECG.There were no patients with valvular AF in the study cohort. In addition, patients with AF in history who did not develop AF during hospital stay were excluded.
On admission, demographic and clinical characteristics, including symptoms, hemodynamic profile, oxygen saturation, length of hospital stay, risk factors for PE, and comorbidities, were evaluated and compared between the groups. In addition, the probability of PE was evaluated retrospectively using the revised version of the Geneva score rule \[[@B4], [@B5]\], and the Simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) was calculated retrospectively. The following laboratory parameters were also measured on admission: complete blood count, levels of troponin I, D-dimer, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula).
Transthoracic echocardiography was performed within 24 hours of admission, and the following parameters were analyzed: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) estimated by visual assessment, left atrial dimensions, presence of RV contractility disturbances, systolic pulmonary artery pressure determined using the simplified Bernoulli equation (SPAP = 4*V*maxTR^2^ + RAP, where *V*maxTR is the maximal velocity of tricuspid regurgitant jet and RAP is the estimated right atrial pressure), pulmonary artery acceleration time, and presence of thrombi in the right heart cavities or in the pulmonary artery.
Finally, a standard 12-lead surface electrocardiogram was recorded to analyze the leading rhythm and the presence of tachycardia (\>100 beats/min).
2.1. Study Outcomes {#sec2.1}
-------------------
The primary outcome of the study was all-cause mortality. Data on all-cause in-hospital mortality were retrieved from medical records. The long-term outcome of the study cohort was retrieved from a national death registry database provided by the Polish Ministry of Home Affairs. A censored date of October 13, 2015, was determined to allow a minimum follow-up of 20 months for living patients (range, 20--178 months). In addition, we decided to analyze one-year survival.
The study protocol was approved by local ethics committee.
2.2. Statistical Analysis {#sec2.2}
-------------------------
In statistical analysis, categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test of independence. Normality of distribution was evaluated by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with the Lilliefors correction and the Shapiro-Wilk test. There was nonnormal distribution of continuous variables. The quantitative parameters were characterized by a median and quartiles and the nominal parameters using percentages. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc test was used to compare quantitative variables without normal distribution between the three groups.
Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method for each rhythm group. Differences between survival curves in the three groups were evaluated using the chi-square test.
For all tests, a *p* value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 12.0 software (StatSoft, Inc., Tulsa, USA).
3. Results {#sec3}
==========
The clinical characteristics, outcome, laboratory parameters, and risk score profiles of the study population stratified according to SR, paroxysmal AF, and permanent AF are shown in Tables [1](#tab1){ref-type="table"}[](#tab2){ref-type="table"}--[3](#tab3){ref-type="table"}. Of 391 patients with confirmed diagnosis of PE, we identified 63 individuals (16%) with AF. Thirty-one patients (7.9%) were classified as having paroxysmal AF, and 15 of them (48%) reported a history of AF. In 32 patients (8.2%), permanent AF was confirmed. Nine patients were excluded from the study as having cardiac rhythm other than sinus or AF ([Figure 1](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}).
Patients with paroxysmal AF were a median of 13 years older than patients in SR and a median of 4 years older than those with permanent AF ([Table 1](#tab1){ref-type="table"}). There were no differences in sex distribution or in clinical symptoms on admission between the three groups (Tables [1](#tab1){ref-type="table"} and [2](#tab2){ref-type="table"}).
The frequency of stroke in history significantly increased from 4.6% in patients with SR to 12.9% in those with paroxysmal AF and to 21.9% in those with permanent AF ([Table 1](#tab1){ref-type="table"}).
Concomitant DVT during index hospitalization occurred significantly less often in patients with paroxysmal AF compared with the SR group. However, the proportion of patients with DVT was the lowest in patients with permanent AF ([Table 2](#tab2){ref-type="table"}). The hemodynamic profile on admission revealed a higher prevalence of tachycardia (\>100 beats/min) in both AF groups than in the SR group, with the highest proportion of patients with tachycardia in the group with paroxysmal AF ([Table 2](#tab2){ref-type="table"}).
In the analysis of laboratory parameters, the only difference between the three groups was shown for eGFR: it was significantly lower in patients with paroxysmal as well as permanent AF as compared with those with SR ([Table 3](#tab3){ref-type="table"}). Among echocardiographic parameters, patients with paroxysmal AF had the highest median value of estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure and the shortest median pulmonary artery acceleration time ([Table 3](#tab3){ref-type="table"}). On the other hand, patients with paroxysmal AF had significantly higher median values of left ventricular ejection fraction and smaller left atrial diameter compared with the permanent AF group ([Table 3](#tab3){ref-type="table"}). Patients with AF also showed a tendency to have a higher rate of right heart thrombosis. Furthermore, this rate tended to be higher in patients with permanent than in those with paroxysmal AF, although the difference was not significant.
The retrospective analysis of the probability of PE, using the revised version of the Geneva score rule, showed significant differences between the three groups. Patients with both types of AF were more likely to be classified into the high-probability group than patients with SR. The high-probability group included more patients with paroxysmal than with permanent AF ([Table 2](#tab2){ref-type="table"}). The same trend was shown for the sPESI. Eighty-six percent (86.2%) of patients with paroxysmal AF group had a sPESI of 1 or higher, compared with 82.6% of patients with permanent AF and 56.2% of those with SR ([Table 2](#tab2){ref-type="table"}).
Regarding in-hospital mortality, it was significantly lower in patients with SR and paroxysmal AF (5% and 6.5%, resp.) compared to patients with permanent AF (25%) ([Table 1](#tab1){ref-type="table"}). The results of the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis are presented in [Figure 2](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}. There was a trend towards worse survival in patients with paroxysmal AF in comparison with those with permanent AF and particularly those with SR, although the differences were not significant (*p* = 0.067).
4. Discussion {#sec4}
=============
In this study, we found that, among patients with an acute episode of PE, those who develop paroxysmal AF on admission or during hospital stay have a different clinical presentation than those in SR or with permanent AF. We performed a detailed analysis of our baseline data, including the results of an echocardiographic examination of patients with paroxysmal AF and those with permanent AF. The data suggest that paroxysmal AF may be a sign of PE severity and may affect long-term prognosis. To date, no studies have been published that would focus specifically on paroxysmal AF in patients with PE. Regarding the analyzed variables, patients with paroxysmal AF are situated distinctly in between patients with SR and permanent AF. Interestingly, there were no significant differences between the three groups in terms of most comorbidities, risk factors, and symptoms of PE on admission, as well as the length of hospital stay.
The hypothesis that PE may provoke AF is grounded on a pathophysiological basis. Sudden RV systolic overload results in an increase of right atrial pressure, which in turn leads to atrial arrhythmias. In the present study, in an echocardiographic examination, patients with paroxysmal AF demonstrated the indirect signs of RV overload such as the shortest artery acceleration time and the highest estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure compared with patients in SR or in those with permanent AF. Patients with paroxysmal AF also showed a trend towards the highest troponin I concentrations, although the differences with the other groups were not significant. Such results have never been demonstrated before.
In our study population the prevalence of AF was higher than in general population \[[@B1]\] and paroxysmal AF comprised nearly half of cases of AF. Depending on the inclusion criteria \[[@B3], [@B6], [@B7]\], the prevalence of AF in patients with PE was reported between 9% and 44%. Some investigators included both patients with AF on admission, as shown on an electrocardiogram, as well as those with a history of AF without AF at index hospitalization in a single AF group \[[@B6], [@B8]\]. Most authors did not differentiate AF into paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent \[[@B3], [@B6], [@B8]--[@B10]\]. There have been only a few studies investigating the relationship between PE and paroxysmal AF \[[@B6], [@B9]--[@B11]\]. In one study \[[@B5]\] the proportion of patients with paroxysmal AF was comparable. In another study paroxysmal AF was identified in 13% of participants \[[@B10]\]. The difference in the prevalence of paroxysmal AF was probably due to the design of the study, which investigated the quality of oral anticoagulation in a cohort of patients with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) at any time of their life. The problem of inefficient anticoagulation has been raised previously \[[@B12]\]. There were no data concerning the acuteness of a VTE episode and a temporal sequence of VTE and AF events.
AF may be not only a consequence of PE but also a risk factor for PE. It induces the prothrombotic state due to activation of the coagulation cascade and platelets \[[@B13]\]. Lack of atrial contraction results in blood stasis and possibility of thrombus formation in both atria, particularly in their appendages \[[@B14], [@B15]\]. Data concerning the association between PE, AF, right heart thrombus formation, and prognosis have been recently reported \[[@B5], [@B16]\]. Surprisingly, the authors did not find an association between AF and RHT. We observed a tendency to the higher prevalence of RHT both in patients with paroxysmal AF and in those with permanent AF, but the difference did not reach significance.
Another indirect argument supporting the hypothesis about a causal relationship between AF and subsequent PE is the observation concerning lower frequency of concomitant DVT in patients with unprovoked PE \[[@B9]--[@B11]\]. In one study both paroxysmal AF and nonparoxysmal AF were associated with the increased risk of VTE (particularly PE), with the same statistical significance. In another study permanent AF was more common than paroxysmal AF in patients with isolated PE \[[@B10]\]. In our study in patients with SR, concomitant DVT was detected significantly more often than in patients with paroxysmal AF but the lowest frequency of concomitant DVT was discovered in patients with permanent AF.
Data on the effect of AF on outcome in patients with acute PE are rare and unequivocal. In some studies, negative impact on mortality was demonstrated \[[@B3], [@B6]\]. Some investigators did not find any association between AF in patients with PE and prognosis of these patients \[[@B10], [@B17]\]. Also, it is not known whether AF is an independent risk factor for mortality or whether it occurs as a consequence of PE severity or the presence of comorbidities. Furthermore, in the majority of studies concerning patients with PE, the effect of AF on survival was analyzed without differentiation of AF patterns.
There are several possible explanations why patients with paroxysmal AF in our study had worse echocardiographic parameters reflecting RV afterload and the highest proportion of an sPESI score of 1 or higher both indicating worse prognosis, but without impact on in-hospital mortality. One possibility is that both the signs of RV dysfunction on echocardiogram and sPESI help identify low-risk patients more accurately than high-risk patients \[[@B18]--[@B20]\]. Another possibility is that, in patients with SR and paroxysmal AF, there were two important prognostic makers whose median values were within the normal range: LVEF and eGFR \[[@B21]\].
Another important issue that emerged in our study relates to the usefulness of risk scores in PE patients with paroxysmal AF. We decided to verify the Geneva score rule, calculated retrospectively on admission, as well as the sPESI score. Their prognostic value in long-term follow-up was demonstrated among patients with confirmed PE \[[@B22], [@B23]\]. In our study the high-probability group included the highest percentage of patients with paroxysmal AF compared with the other groups. This probably resulted from older age and the prevalence of tachycardia (\>100 beats/min) on admission in patients with paroxysmal AF. Despite the results of both scales, the in-hospital mortality rate of patients with paroxysmal AF was rather low, in contrast to patients with permanent AF in whom the rate was high.
The sPESI score was initially developed for 30-day risk assessment in patients with PE \[[@B24]\]. In our PE patients with paroxysmal AF, sPESI showed better prognostic value for long-term survival than for in-hospital outcome. Again it is possible that the presence of tachycardia typical for a paroxysmal episode of AF may constitute a confounding variable. This may mean that, in patients with PE complicated by a paroxysmal episode of AF, the current scales may overestimate short-term risk.
Our study has several strengths and limitations. The main limitation is the retrospective analysis of the patient\'s data. As a result, we have incomplete information concerning prior anticoagulation in patients with AF. On the other hand, the strengths of our study include a large number of patients from the same center, well-validated in-hospital data, and long-term follow-up.
5. Conclusions {#sec5}
==============
Our study showed that individuals with paroxysmal AF constitute a separate population of patients than patients with PE and SR or those with permanent AF. Worse echocardiographic parameters reflecting RV afterload may indicate a causal association between the severity of PE and an episode of paroxysmal AF. This factor has significance but only for long-term prognosis. Further studies on a larger population of patients with PE are needed to determine the prognostic significance of AF types in patients with PE as well as the accuracy of PE risk scales in patients with different AF patterns.
The study was supported by statutory grants from the Medical University of Białystok granted to Bozena Sobkowicz, N/ST/ZB/15/001/1153 (153-53813L), as well as funds from the Leading National Research Center in Białystok granted to Izabela Kiluk (134/KNOW/2015).
Competing Interests
===================
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
{#fig1}
{#fig2}
######
Characteristics and outcome of the patients with pulmonary embolism stratified for the presence of the sinus rhythm (SR), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal AF), and permanent atrial fibrillation (permanent AF).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SR (*n* = 303),\ Paroxysmal AF (*n* = 31),\ Permanent AF (*n* = 32),\ *p* value
Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or %
--------------------------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------- -----------
Age, years 64 (49--76)^a,b^ 78 (69--82)^b^ 74 (67--79)^a^ \<0.001
Males 44.2% 32.3% 43.8% 0.44
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) 37.9% 41.7% 21.7% 0.27
Overweight (BMI 25--30) 25.0% 16.7% 26.1% 0.65
Current smoker 13,3% 7.7% 16.7% 0.62
Ex-smoker 23.8% 7.7% 25% 0.17
Length of hospital stay, days 9.0 (7--12) 10.0 (8--13) 9.0 (4--12) 0.13
*Comorbidities*
Cardiovascular disease 12.9% 13.4% 15.6% 0.57
Arterial hypertension 54.8% 58.1% 56.3% 0.9
Diabetes 14.5% 16.1% 12.5% 0.92
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 5.3% 9.7% 3.1% 0.49
History of stroke 4.6% 12.9% 21.9% \<0.001
*Mortality*
In-hospital mortality 5% 6.5% 25% \<0.001
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Me (Q1--Q3) or %: data presented as a median and interquartile range or a percent of the group.
^a^ *p* value \< 0.01; ^b^*p* value \< 0.001.
BMI: body mass index (kg/m^2^).
######
Comparison of the admission clinical parameters, Geneva risk score results, and sPESI score values in patients with sinus rhythm (SR), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal AF), and permanent atrial fibrillation (permanent AF).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SR (*n* = 303),\ Paroxysmal AF (*n* = 31),\ Permanent AF (*n* = 32),\ *p* value
Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or %
----------------------------------------------------- ------------------- ---------------------------- --------------------------- -----------
*PE symptoms*
Syncope 19.0% 26.7% 10% 0.25
Chest pain 30.0% 36.7% 30% 0.75
Dyspnea 86.6% 96.7% 79.3% 0.14
Hemoptysis 2.0% 0 6.3% 0.2
Cough 8.3% 6.7% 16.7% 0.28
*PE* associated with DVT 49.5% 32.3% 28.1% 0.02
*Risk factors*
Immobilization 19.1% 19.4% 34.4% 0.13
Malignancy 17.8% 9.7% 18.8% 0.5
Pregnancy/delivery 3.3% 0 0 0.34
Recurrent PE 6.6% 0 3.1% 0.26
The revised Geneva risk score: clinical probability 0.04
Low 17.3% 16.1% 12.5%
Intermediate 76.1% 64.5% 68.8%
High 6.6% 19.4% 18.8%
sPESI score ≥ 1 56.2% 86.2% 82.6% \<0.001
*Hemodynamic profile on admission*
Heart rate, beats per minute 89.5 (78--103)^a^ 99 (78--124) 101 (81--122)^a^ 0.01
Tachycardia (\>100 beats/minute) 32.0% 54.8% 50% 0.08
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 130 (115--145) 125 (106--145) 126 (109--142) 0.6
Oxygen saturation, % 95 (92--97) 95 (90--97) 95 (90--96) 0.17
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Me (Q1--Q3) or %: data presented as a median and interquartile range or a percent of the group.
^a^ *p* value *p* = 0.05.
DVT: deep vein thrombosis; PE: pulmonary embolism.
######
Comparison of the baseline laboratory and echocardiographic parameters in patients with sinus rhythm (SR), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal AF), and permanent atrial fibrillation (permanent AF).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SR (*n* = 303),\ Paroxysmal AF (*n* = 31),\ Permanent AF (*n* = 32),\ *p* value
Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or % Me (Q1--Q3) or %
------------------------------------ --------------------- ---------------------------- --------------------------- -----------
*Biochemical parameters*
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m^2^ 76 (59--93)^c,d^ 63 (51--83)^d^ 53 (33--79)^c^ \<0.001
Troponin I, ng/ml 0.066 (0.01--0.4) 0.11 (0.046--0.42) 0.036 (0.008--0.34) 0.3
D-dimer, ng/ml 5.6 (3--12.0) 10.6 (3.5--19.9) 11 (4.2--15.1) 0.3
Hemoglobin, g/dl 12.7 (11.4--14) 13.2 (11.4--14.7) 12.6 (10.7--15) 0.58
*Echocardiography*
LVEF, % 60 (50--60)^c^ 55 (50--60)^b^ 48 (30--55)^b,c^ \<0.001
LA, cm 3.7 (3.3--4.0)^a,c^ 3.9 (3.6--4.4)^a,b^ 4.4 (4.2--5.1)^b,c^ \<0.001
SPAP, mmHg 47 (37--59)^b^ 56 (47--70)^b^ 48 (45--59) 0.01
ACT, ms 70 (54--95)^a^ 58 (51--65)^a^ 65 (55--80) 0.04
RV wall contractility disturbances 58.4% 77.4% 67.9% 0.09
Thrombus in RA/RV 5.2% 10% 14.3% 0.11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Me (Q1--Q3) or %: data presented as a median and interquartile range or a percent of the group
^a^ *p* value \< 0.05; ^b^*p* value \< 0.01; ^c^*p* value \< 0.001; ^d^*p* value *p* = 0.05.
ACT: acceleration time; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; LA: left atrium; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; SPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure; RV: right ventricle.
[^1]: Academic Editor: Xiao-Bo Liao
|
Advances in microfluidic cell culture systems for studying angiogenesis.
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels in the vasculature, is a major research topic in biology with implications in development, cancer, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Although much knowledge has been acquired over many decades through application of various angiogenesis assays, these methods have various drawbacks that limit their overall utility. Given the importance of angiogenesis in our understanding of numerous biological processes and its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer and other diseases, there is need to develop useful tools with improved physiological relevance, accessibility, robustness, and throughput over existing assays. Recent developments in microfluidics have demonstrated enormous potential of microscale cell culture systems for biology studies, especially angiogenesis. This area is advancing rapidly, and it is important to remain up to date with the state of the art in technology and evaluate its current and future impact on angiogenesis research. This review examines the latest advances in microfluidic angiogenesis systems. Design and methodology of microscale systems are discussed, and biological insights obtained from the systems are examined. Importantly, physiological relevance, accessibility, and data output of microfluidic angiogenesis systems are compared with traditional angiogenesis assays, and next challenges facing researchers are presented with consideration of the potential integration of automated systems. |
Q:
Generics List>
If I have List<T> which got some lists from type MyClass, for example List<List<MyClass>> and MyClass is the parent class from MyClassB. Why I can't do the following?
List<List<MyClass>> allLists = new List<List<MyClass>>();
List<MyClassB> myList = new List<MyClassB>();
myList.Add(new MyClassB());
//And now the point which dont work
allLists.Add(myList);
If I implement a method I can say SomeClass<T> ... where T : MyClass, is there something similar for my list problem?
So that I can add lists from any child class to my first-level list?
A:
class Animal {}
class Tiger : Animal {}
class Giraffe : Animal {}
...
List<Giraffe> giraffes = new List<Giraffe>();
List<List<Animal>> lists = new List<List<Animal>>();
lists.Add(giraffes); // Illegal!
Your question is "why is that illegal?" The answer is: suppose it were legal and let's keep going...
List<Animal> animals = lists[0]; // Obviously typesafe.
animals.Add(new Tiger()); // Obviously typesafe
And we just added a tiger to a list of giraffes.
Since the two latter steps are obviously typesafe, the place that cannot be typesafe must be Add(giraffes).
Now, as of C# 4, this does work:
List<IEnumerable<Animal>> lists = new List<IEnumerable<Animal>>();
lists.Add(giraffes);
Why is that legal? Because there is no Add method on IEnumerable<T>:
IEnumerable<Animal> animals = lists[0];
And now we can't violate type safety because there's no way to put a tiger into that list of giraffes if we only are accessing it via IEnumerable<T>.
By the way, someone asks this question almost every day. Do a web search for "C# covariance and contravariance" and you'll get a lot more information about it.
A:
The reason that you cannot do it is as follows: imagine that allLists.Add(myList) worked. Then the compiler would know that allLists[0] is a List<MyClass>, so the following would be OK:
allLists[0].Add(new MyClassX());
That would be a runtime error, because allLists[0] is actually a List<MyClassB>. It is not capable of holding MyClassX objects.
If you change your code so that myList is a List<MyClass>, your code would work:
List<MyClass> myList = new List<MyClass>();
myList.Add(new MyClassB()); // This works, because MyClassB extends MyClass
allLists.Add(myList); // This works, too
|
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Product Description The HONEY Twin over Twin Staircase is a pretty long be make sure to measure the room twice before ordering. The mission style design, with its vertical wooden...
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Product Description The HONEY Twin over Twin Staircase is a pretty long be make sure to measure the room twice before ordering. The mission style design, with its vertical wooden construction is designed for strength and good looks. The staircase makes it easy for kids and adults to get to the top sleeping area. And the beautiful gender neutral Honey stain has be traditionally one of the most popular colors for furniture in the last hundred years so you could say that it is a timeless color. Under the stairs is a 4 drawer chest for clothes storage and on the other side a magazine rack to keep reading material close by for the lower bed sleeper. The classic Mission style design and the solid wood construction will look great and give you years on enjoyment. The DWF beds include Decorative Steel Hardware and have metal to metal connections for all structural support making the bed strong and beautiful and the exposed hardware is Brass colored. There are two under bed options available for this bed, the 3 drawers storage unit OR a Twin Trundle unit that would allow you create a 3rd sleeping space. This bed is Not Down Stackable, meaning that you can not break the bed down to make 2 twin beds. The Mission Bunk Bed comes with the upper and lower beds slat kits included (no need for bunkie boards) guard rails for top bed and ladder and assembly hardware. You also have your choice of either the 3 drawer under bed storage option, twin trundle unit, or no configuration under the bed with open space! Product Details Solid pine construction All color options have smooth lacquer finish for easy cleaning. Decorative hardware for all exposed assembly fixtures and steel hardware included. There is a magazine rack behind the stairs for the lower sleeping area. Mattress ready beds, includes slat kits for all sleeping areas. Mattress Size Twin over Full with optional Twin Trundle Unit Maximum Mattress thickness for Top Bed is 8 thick. Recommended Mattress thickness for Trundle Bed 5 - 7 Dimensions 98.5L x 57W x 63T With Stair Drawers Open 112L x 57W x 63T With Under bed Drawers Open 98.5L x 70.5W x 63T Space between lower bed and upper bed 34 Bottom bed approximately 14 off the ground Recommended age range and weight limitations Configuration Options: 3 Drawers - the under bed storage drawers are fully assembled and simply slide under the bed after assembly, they have indented drawer pulls and have european glide rollers. Inside drawer dimensions are 18.5 x 15.5 x 6 Twin Trundle Unit - this is basically a drawer for a trundle mattress, the trundle face has 2 indented drawer pulls that match other case goods and is completely unattached so it can be rolled out and away from the bed when being used for sleeping. Manufacturer Specifications: Discovery World Beds Exceeds Federal ASTM safety standard as set forth by the Consumers Product Safety Commission. All Discovery World Furniture products are 3rd party tested and certified free of Lead in both finishes and substrates. With regards to Formaldehyde all plywood and MDF ( white beds only ) parts have the highest CARB 2 compliant ratings. Purchasing a Discovery World Furniture bed is a safe and healthy choice. Discovery World Furniture Beds come with a 1 year manufacturers warranty. Orders ship out of our Florida Warehouse Monday - Friday usually within 48 hours of placing your order!
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Inspired by antiques from a bygone era, the beautifully appointed Cortinella bed is ideal for those who appreciate traditional styling. The panel bed, made with cherry veneers and primavera...
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Inspired by antiques from a bygone era, the beautifully appointed Cortinella bed is ideal for those who appreciate traditional styling. The panel bed, made with cherry veneers and primavera borders, features a tall, arched headboard with elegant carving effects. Additional refinements include raised panels and a low footboard with decorative feet.
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Built-in storage and pine construction make the Creekside captain's pedestal bed a fantastic choice. Two doors and double drawers provide extra room for clothes and accessories. The bed is...
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Built-in storage and pine construction make the Creekside captain's pedestal bed a fantastic choice. Two doors and double drawers provide extra room for clothes and accessories. The bed is made of pine solids with a fun taffy finish.
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Product Description The MERLOT Twin over Twin Staircase is a large bed so make sure that you have room for this bed before purchasing! The mission style design, with its vertical wooden...
More
Product Description The MERLOT Twin over Twin Staircase is a large bed so make sure that you have room for this bed before purchasing! The mission style design, with its vertical wooden construction is designed for strength and good looks. The staircase makes it easy for kids and adults to get to the top sleeping area. The MERLOT stain is a gender neutral color which is relatively new to our line up but we believe that the rich brown stain with a hint of Red will be a timeless color. Under the stairs is a 4 drawer chest for clothes storage and on the other side a magazine rack to keep reading material close by for the lower bed sleeper. The classic Mission style design and the solid wood construction will look great and give you years on enjoyment. The DWF beds include Decorative Steel Hardware and have metal to metal connections for all structural support making the bed strong and beautiful and the exposed hardware is Bronze colored. There are two under bed options available for this bed, the 3 drawers storage unit OR a Twin Trundle unit that would allow you create a 3rd sleeping space. This bed is Not Down Stackable, meaning that you can not break the bed down to make 2 twin beds. The Mission Bunk Bed comes with the upper and lower beds slat kits included ( no need for bunkie boards ) guard rails for top bed and ladder and assembly hardware. You also have your choice of either the 3 drawer under bed storage option, twin trundle unit, or no configuration under the bed with open space! Product Details Solid pine construction All color options have smooth lacquer finish for easy cleaning. Decorative hardware for all exposed assembly fixtures and steel hardware included. There is a magazine rack behind the stairs for the lower sleeping area. Mattress ready beds, includes slat kits for all sleeping areas. Mattress Size Twin over Full with optional Twin Trundle Unit Maximum Mattress thickness for Top Bed is 8 thick. Recommended Mattress thickness for Trundle Bed 5 - 7 Dimensions 98.5L x 57W x 63T With Stair Drawers Open 112L x 57W x 63T With Under bed Drawers Open 98.5L x 70.5W x 63T Space between lower bed and upper bed 34 Bottom bed approximately 14 off the ground Recommended age range and weight limitations Configuration Options: 3 Drawers - the under bed storage drawers are fully assembled and simply slide under the bed after assembly, they have indented drawer pulls and have european glide rollers. Inside drawer dimensions are 18.5 x 15.5 x 6 Twin Trundle Unit - this is basically a drawer for a trundle mattress, the trundle face has 2 indented drawer pulls that match other case goods and is completely unattached so it can be rolled out and away from the bed when being used for sleeping. Manufacturer Specifications: Discovery World Beds Exceeds Federal ASTM safety standard as set forth by the Consumers Product Safety Commission. All Discovery World Furniture products are 3rd party tested and certified free of Lead in both finishes and substrates. With regards to Formaldehyde all plywood and MDF ( white beds only ) parts have the highest CARB 2 compliant ratings. Purchasing a Discovery World Furniture bed is a safe and healthy choice. Discovery World Furniture Beds come with a 1 year manufacturers warranty. Orders ship out of our Florida Warehouse Monday - Friday usually within 48 hours of placing your order!
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The Dorel Twin-Over-Full Metal Bunk Bed is elegant and functional making it a perfect addition to any room. It comes with contemporary design and durable steel frame construction ideal for...
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The Dorel Twin-Over-Full Metal Bunk Bed is elegant and functional making it a perfect addition to any room. It comes with contemporary design and durable steel frame construction ideal for any modern setting. Designed with safety in mind, this white bunk bed includes full-length guardrails and a sturdy ladder. The space-saving design of this kids' bunk bed allows you to maximize your room space as well. Easy to assemble, you don't need a bunk bed for mattress support. This bunk bed can make a great choice for your kids' room as it increases the fun during bed time. Complete your bunk bed set by purchasing a coordinating mattress
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Classic design and easy storage makes the Belmar bookcase bed a great choice for younger and older children alike. The headboard features open shelves and sliding doors with shuttered...
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Classic design and easy storage makes the Belmar bookcase bed a great choice for younger and older children alike. The headboard features open shelves and sliding doors with shuttered panels; two additional shelves provide handy side storage. The footboard has delightful raised panel details. Quality crafted of durable hardwood solids and veneers with a white finish, this is a bed your child will enjoy for years to come.
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The sleek Belcourt panel bed will be welcomed by those who appreciate clean lines and a contemporary approach to style. Picture frame molding on the head and footboard offer just enough...
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The sleek Belcourt panel bed will be welcomed by those who appreciate clean lines and a contemporary approach to style. Picture frame molding on the head and footboard offer just enough visual interest while maintaining an appealing sense of simplicity. The bed is made using wood solids and birch veneers and completed with a rich cherry finish.
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The space saving Creekside full bookcase bed is a wonderful choice for your child's room. The headboard features two center shelves for books or display and behind each door is an...
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The space saving Creekside full bookcase bed is a wonderful choice for your child's room. The headboard features two center shelves for books or display and behind each door is an adjustable shelf. A captain's pedestal beneath the bed offers two drawers and additional storage behind two doors. A third door on the footboard provides another spot to tuck away little treasures for safekeeping.
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This is our white queen size wood slats steel bed frame. The wood slats is eco-friendly materials and exquisite workmanship. The white steel and artistic headboard design make this bed...
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This is our white queen size wood slats steel bed frame. The wood slats is eco-friendly materials and exquisite workmanship. The white steel and artistic headboard design make this bed frame perfect decoration for any bedroom. The center support legs of the bed frame makes it sturdy and durable. Moreover, there are enough space under the frame for storage. If you are looking for a queen size bed frame, do not miss this one!
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Fashion and function meet with the grand tufted wingback style of the Whitmere bed. This chic bed features elegant light gray velvet upholstery and handcrafted diamond tufts. Its unique...
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Fashion and function meet with the grand tufted wingback style of the Whitmere bed. This chic bed features elegant light gray velvet upholstery and handcrafted diamond tufts. Its unique silhouette makes this bed the centerpiece to any bedroom.
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Product specifications are obtained from third parties, and while we make every effort to assure the accuracy of product information, we do not assume any liability for inaccuracies. Store ratings and product reviews are written and submitted by online shoppers to assist you as you shop. They do not reflect our opinions. We take no responsibility for the content of ratings and reviews submitted by users. |
Sunday, July 31, 2016
TenFourFox 38.10.0 is now available for testing (downloads, hashes, release notes). This brings TenFourFox 38.x to security parity with 45.3; again, if you are using our patches downstream, keep in mind I only backport the security fixes relevant to our standard configuration. As always, it becomes the release version Monday evening Pacific.
I'm still trying to investigate what's wrong with Amazon Music in TenFourFox 45, but everything else appears to be working. Watch for beta 1 later this week regardless.
Tuesday, July 26, 2016
A programming note: My wife and I will be at the revised, resurrected Vintage Computer Festival XI August 6 and 7 in beautiful Mountain View, CA at the Computer History Museum (just down the street from the ominous godless Googleplex). I'll be demonstrating my very first home computer, the Tomy Tutor (a weird partial clone of the Texas Instruments 99/4A), and its Japanese relatives. Come by, enjoy the other less interesting exhibits, and bask in the nostalgic glow when 64K RAM was enough and cassette tape was king.
I'm typing this in a G5-optimized build of 45 and it seems to perform pretty well. JavaScript benches over 20% faster than 38 due to improvements in the JIT (and possibly some marginal improvement from gcc 4.8), and this is before I start doing further work on PowerPC-specific improvements which will be rolled out during 45's lifetime. Plus, the AltiVec code survived without bustage in our custom VP8, UTF-8 and JPEG backends, and I backported some graphics performance patches from Firefox 48 that improve throughput further. There's still a few glitches to be investigated; I spent most of tonight figuring out why I got a big black window when going to fullscreen mode (it turned out to be several code regressions introduced by Mozilla removing old APIs), and Amazon Music still has some weirdness moving from track to track. It's very likely there will be other such issues lurking next week when you get to play with it, but that's what a beta cycle is for.
38.10 will be built over the weekend after I'm done doing the backports from 45.3. Stay tuned for that.
Saturday, July 23, 2016
Since the initial liftoff of TenFourFox 45 earlier this week, much progress has been made and this blog post, ceremonially, is being typed in it. I ticked off most of the basic tests including printing, YouTube, social media will eat itself, webcam support, HTML5 audio/video, canvas animations, font support, forums, maps, Gmail, blogging and the major UI components and fixed a number of critical bugs and assertions, and now the browser is basically usable and able to function usefully. Still left to do is collecting the TenFourFox-specific strings into their own DTD for the localizers to translate (which will include the future features I intend to add during the feature parity phase) and porting our MP3 audio support forward, and then once that's working compiling some opt builds and testing the G5 JavaScript JIT pathways and the AltiVec acceleration code. After that it'll finally be time for the first beta once I'm confident enough to start dogfooding it myself. We're a little behind on the beta cycle, but I'm hoping to have 45 beta 1 ready shortly after the release of 38.10 on August 2nd (the final 38 release, barring a serious showstopper with 45), a second beta around the three week mark, and 45 final ready for general use by the next scheduled release on September 13th.
A couple folks have asked if there will still be a G3 version and I am pleased to announce the answer will very likely be yes; the JavaScript JIT in 45 does not mandate SIMD features in the host CPU, so I don't see any technical reason why not (for that matter, the debug build I'm typing this on isn't AltiVec accelerated either). Still, if you're bravely rocking a Yosemite in 2016 you might want to think about a G4 for that ZIF socket.
I've been slack on some other general interest posts such as the Power Mac security rollup and the state of the user base, but I intend to write them when 45 gets a little more stabilized since there have been some recurring requests from a few of you. Watch for those soon also.
Tuesday, July 5, 2016
Congratulations to NASA's Juno space probe team, which is now successfully in orbit around Jupiter. When you want radiation-hardened CPU designs (to guard against naughty things like cosmic rays flipping bits and zapping traces), you want BAE's RAD series, and that means you want ... PowerPC. Yes, Juno's brain is a lowly RAD750 running at 200MHz, essentially a beige Power Mac G3 with cojones of pure lead. It has 128MB of the baddest, meanest, toughest DRAM there is and 256MB of flash on board with a system bus providing 100Mbps of instrument bandwidth for pure awesome. The radiation around Jupiter, due largely to its intense magnetic fields acting essentially like gigantic particle accelerators, will expose the probe to the equivalent of a human getting 100 million dental X-rays in the course of a year (for me, that year was 6th grade); to enable it to survive its two year mission, NASA has encased the CPU and other critical components in a titanium box a third of an inch thick.
Remember: when you absolutely have to get to Jupiter, choose PowerPC. (Heck, Mars too.)
Saturday, July 2, 2016
TenFourFox 45 is about 30% merged so far. I've been able to streamline a few changesets and cut out some others, which is mostly a feel-good futile move since 45 is the last changeset merge I'll have to do personally, but so far it's an easier port than 43 was and I've probably just jinxed myself saying so. Nevertheless, the target for beta 1 in mid-July still stands so far and 38.10, hopefully the final release of TenFourFox 38, is scheduled for August 2. After that the target is for 45.4 to reach release in September.
Once 45 hits release and 38 is retired, we'll start the old unstable builds up again for new features (i.e., feature parity). My plan is one new functionality improvement and one new optimization each cycle, with 6-12 week cycles for baking due to our smaller user base. You'll get some clues about the user-facing features as part of tenfourfox.dtd, which will be pre-written so that localizers can have it done and features can just roll out as I complete them.
On to other things. Mozilla announced yesterday the (very preliminary) release of the Servo Developer Preview, using their next-generation Servo engine instead of the Gecko engine that presently powers Firefox (and TenFourFox). Don't get your hopes up for this one: Servo is written in Rust, Rust needs llvm (which doesn't work yet on OS X/ppc, part of the reason we're dropping source parity), and even the extant PowerPC Rust compiler on Linux may never be capable of building it. This one's strictly for the Intel Mac lulz.
So here's Servo, rendering Ars Technica:
Servo's interface is very sparse, but novel, and functional enough. I'm not going to speak further about that because it's quite obviously nowhere near finished or final. It works well enough to test and I wasn't able to make the browser crash in my brief usage. Thumbs up there.
With regard to the layout engine, though, many things don't work. You can see several rendering glitches immediately on the main page with the gradient and font block backgrounds. Comment threads in articles appear crazily spaced. Incidentally, I don't care if you can see my browser tabs or that I'm trying to figure out how to interface a joystick port to a Raspberry Pi (actually, it's for a C.H.I.P., but the Pi schematics should work for the GPIO pins, as well as whatever's needed to connect it to 5V logic).
The TenFourFox home page doesn't fare much better:
The background is missing and the top Classilla link seems to have gotten fixed to the top. On the other hand, the Help and Support Tab does load, but articles are not clickable and you can't pick anything from drop-down select form elements.
Now, I'll admit this last one is an unfair test, but Floodgap's home page is also pretty wrecked:
This is an unfair test because I intentionally wrote the Floodgap web page to be useable and "proper" as far back as Netscape Navigator 3, festooning it with lots of naughtiness like <font face> and other unmentionables that are the equivalent of HTML syphilis. Gecko handles it fine, but Servo chokes on the interlaced GIFs and just about completely ignores any of the font colour and face stuff. But I wasn't really expecting it to do otherwise at this stage; no doubt quirks mode is not currently a priority.
I think the best that can be said about this first public release of Servo, admittedly from my fairly uninformed outsider view, is that it exists and that it works. There was certainly a lot of doubt about those things not too long ago, and Mozilla has demonstrated clearly with this release that Servo is viable as a technology if not yet as a browser. What is less clear is what advantages it will ultimately offer. Though the aim with Servo is better performance on modern systems, especially systems with cores to burn, on this 2014 i7 MacBook Air Servo didn't really seem to offer any speed advantage over Gecko -- even with the understanding this version is almost certainly unoptimized, right now Gecko is rather faster, substantially less buggy and infinitely more functional. It's going to take a very long time before Servo can stand on its own, let alone become a Gecko replacement, and I think in the meantime Mozilla needs to do a better job of not alienating the users they've got or Servo-Firefox will remain a purely academic experiment.
Meanwhile, I look forward to the next version and seeing how it evolves, even though I doubt it will ever run on a Power Mac. |
WASHINGTON, July 25 (Reuters) - U.S. House Republicans on Tuesday shot down a legislative effort by Democrats to obtain Treasury Department documents that could show any ties between the finances of President Donald Trump, his inner circle and the Russian government.
The bill was rejected amid intense sparring with Democrats openly wondering whether or not Trump, a Republican, is compromised by a foreign power and Republicans dismissing it as a political stunt.
Representative Jeb Hensarling, the Republican chair of the House Financial Services Committee that rejected the proposal, said the panel would not be spending any time exploring Trump’s financial network. Hensarling cited open investigations by congressional committees and a special counsel into conclusions by U.S. intelligence agencies that Russia interfered in the 2016 election campaign to help New York businessman Trump win.
Moscow has denied any meddling and Trump has denied and collusion between his campaign and Russian officials.
The bill, known as a “resolution of inquiry,” is a rarely used legislative tool that allows Congress to formally request certain documents from the executive branch. But following Tuesday’s voice vote in the committee, the bill is not expected to receive consideration by the full House of Representatives.
Specifically, the bill sought documents that may have been unearthed by the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network that could show any ties between Trump’s finances and Russia.
Democrats on the committee have been trying for months to obtain financial records tied to Trump. In particular, they have pressed for information involving his business dealings with foreign banks, and any potential connection to Moscow.
“Clearly we have something afoot in this country that leads right to the top,” said Representative Earl Perlmutter, a Democrat. “We need to make sure that this nation isn’t under the thumb of another nation because of financial leverage or whatever it might be.”
The resolution asked for any records of loans or credit from a number of banks to Trump, and 22 of his closest associates, including family members and top White House and campaign advisers. The banks include Deutsche Bank AG and Russian lenders Sberbank and Gazprombank.
Hensarling chided Representative Maxine Waters, the top Democrat on the panel who has called for the president’s impeachment, for pushing the bill.
He said it was “frankly and regrettably, a procedural tool that is blatantly political of nature and one that I do not necessarily consider to be worthy of debate.” (Reporting by Pete Schroeder; editing by Grant McCool) |
Q:
Is there a glitch with opendir/readdir?
Here is my PHP code:
<?php
// Enumerate the directories in styles
$styles_dir = 'styles/';
if($handle = opendir($styles_dir))
{
while(FALSE !== ($file = readdir($handle)))
{
echo $file . '(' . is_dir($file) . ')<br>';
}
}
?>
Here are the directories in styles:
http://files.quickmediasolutions.com/php.jpg
And here is the output:
.(1)
..(1)
forest()
industrial()
Why aren't forest and industrial directories?
A:
The path for is_dir is relative to the base file, so you really need to do a test like
is_dir($styles_dir . '/' . $file)
Note that this is masked for the . and .. "directories" as these exist everywhere.
|
Mission Reports
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SpaceX's reusable rocket testbed takes first hop
BY STEPHEN CLARK
SPACEFLIGHT NOW
Posted: September 24, 2012
SpaceX's Grasshopper testbed, a slender white rocket fitted with insect-like landing legs, took off for a brief hop at the company's Texas test site Friday. Credit: SpaceX The short flight of approximately 6 feet lasted less than 3 seconds, but it kicked off a campaign of more ambitious testing to demonstrate the ability to land spent rocket stages for reuse. SpaceX's concept calls for the Falcon 9 rocket's first stage to descend and land vertically, using engine thrust to settle to a soft touchdown at or near the launch site. The first stages are currently only used once and jettisoned to fall into the ocean. Engineers constructed a 106-foot-tall test vehicle with four steel landing legs. SpaceX also built a half-acre Grasshopper launch pad at the company's rocket development facility in McGregor, Texas. According to SpaceX, Friday's successful flight will be followed by another test in the next several months, in which the Grasshopper will hover at roughly 100 feet. The Grasshopper - shaped like a white cylindrical water tank - consists of a Falcon 9 first stage and a Merlin 1D engine burning kerosene and liquid oxygen to generate up to 122,000 pounds of thrust. High-altitude supersonic tests of the Grasshopper are also planned by SpaceX, and those flights could be staged from McGregor or White Sands Missile Range, N.M. SpaceX officials have not said when they could attempt a vertical landing on a real space launch, but Elon Musk, the company's founder and CEO, believes developing a fully reusable rocket is crucial for realizing his vision of drastically lowering the cost of space transportation. |
147 Mich. App. 83 (1985)
383 N.W.2d 128
PEOPLE
v.
DUNGEY
Docket No. 76956.
Michigan Court of Appeals.
Decided September 10, 1985.
Frank J. Kelley, Attorney General, Louis J. Caruso, Solicitor General, Susan L. Dobrich, Prosecuting Attorney, and Jann Ryan Baugh, Assistant Attorney General, for the people.
State Appellate Defender (by Sheila N. Robertson and Fred Bell), for defendant on appeal.
Before: GRIBBS, P.J., and MacKENZIE and J.B. SULLIVAN,[*] JJ.
PER CURIAM.
On February 14, 1983, defendant pled nolo contendere to attempted fourth-degree criminal sexual conduct, MCL 750.92; MSA 28.287, MCL 750.520e; MSA 28.788(5). He was sentenced to one year in the county jail, and he appeals as of right. We reverse.
According to complainant's preliminary examination testimony, in the early morning of May 11, 1981, defendant knocked on her door and gave a false name. He eventually forced his way into the home by breaking the door panel. Defendant displayed *85 a handgun and forced complainant to have vaginal and oral sex with him. Complainant identified defendant as her assailant and stated that she had previously been acquainted with him.
The alleged assault occurred on May 11, 1981. A warrant was issued and defendant was arrested on December 4, 1981. Defendant moved on October 26, 1982, to dismiss the complaint on the ground that prejudice resulted from the delay between the date of the offense and the date of arrest. He alleged, in part, that the delay resulted in the loss of potentially exculpatory blood typing evidence. The trial court denied the motion to dismiss, finding that the prosecution had carried its burden of persuading the court that the reason for the delay was sufficient to justify whatever prejudice resulted. See People v Bisard, 114 Mich App 784; 319 NW2d 670 (1982).
The Court in Bisard, supra, p 791, stated the appropriate standard for determining whether the delay in proceedings entitles a defendant to relief:
"Accordingly, we hold that, once a defendant has shown some prejudice, the prosectuion bears the burden of persuading the court that the reason for the delay is sufficient to justify whatever prejudice resulted. This approach places the burden of coming forward with evidence of prejudice on the defendant, who is most likely to have facts regarding prejudice at his disposal. The burden of persuasion rests with the state, which is most likely to have access to facts concerning the reasons for delay and which bears the responsibility for detemining when an investigation should end."
Complainant underwent a physical examination shortly after the alleged rape, and a sexual assault evidence kit was assembled and forwarded to the State Police Crime Laboratory for testing. Among the items of evidence received by the crime lab on *86 May 13, 1981, were vaginal and oral swabs, vaginal and oral smears and the underpants which complainant was wearing at the time of the assault. According to the lab report dated June 10, 1981, chemical testing of the vaginal swab indicated the presence of seminal stains. In addition, microscopic examination of the vaginal smear showed the presence of many spermatozoa. Finally, chemical tests and microscopic examinations showed the presence of seminal stains and spermatozoa in the crotch area of the underpants. The crime lab declined to do any secretion typing studies until known blood and saliva samples from the complainant and the defendant were submitted for comparative analyses. The lab report dated June 10, 1981, stated:
"A known blood and saliva sample from each of the parties believed to be involved in this case must be obtained before any secretion typing studies will be conducted. The length of time that elapses before these samples are obtained is crucial to the success of such typing. The evidence will be retained for 30 days awaiting these samples. After 30 days the evidence will be returned to your department without secretion typing studies."
The evidence was in fact returned without secretion typing studies.
At the January 7, 1983, hearing on the motion to dismiss, Glen Moore, the crime lab scientist who handled this case, testified that, as a matter of department policy, secretion typing studies are not performed on specimens taken from a sexual assault victim unless known blood and saliva samples from the complainant and the suspect are submitted for comparative analyses. The witness further testified that, when known blood and saliva samples are submitted, chemical testing of *87 seminal fluid or other body fluids obtained from the victim's body can reveal the blood type of the person who deposited the particular body fluid involved. The blood type can then be compared to the known samples so that a suspect may be either included or excluded from the class of possible sources of the particular body fluid involved. Mr. Moore stated that successful secretion typing tests may be performed up to one year after the specimens are collected, although such tests are sometimes performed beyond that period. The witness further stated that, given the required known blood and saliva samples, the evidence in question could still be tested for secretion typing.
In its opinion denying the motion to dismiss, the trial court relied on this testimony in finding that defendant had not suffered substantial prejudice. The court stated:
"After examination of Glen Moore, a Laboratory Scientist qualified as an expert for the purpose of this hearing, it was discovered that blood, saliva and seminal secretion studies could in fact have been performed earlier and could still be conducted. The Court finds this information to be important for the following reasons: (1) defendant may now request such tests be performed and thereby potentially receive exculpatory results and, (2) no further prejudice can be alledged by defendant should he not request that such tests be performed."
Following the hearing, the sexual assault evidence kit was resubmitted to the laboratory along with the required known blood and saliva samples. Unfortunately, the lab report dated February 9, 1983, indicates that:
"Secretion typing studies on the vaginal swabs, victim's underpants, and oral swabs were inconclusive due *88 to the length of time which has passed resulting ij the loss of activity of the blood grouping substances."
Therefore, despite the trial court's finding, the subsequent scientific testing indicates that the delay caused by the prosecution resulted in the loss of secretion typing evidence which potentially could have exculpated defendant. Accordingly, we find that defendant has clearly carried his burden under Bisard by coming forward with substantial evidence of prejudice resulting from the delay in the proceedings caused by the prosecution.
According to the hearing testimony, the delay in these proceedings and the failure timely to submit the known blood and saliva samples to the crime lab was essentially the result of the heavy caseload of the prosecution's staff. This explanation, however, does not excuse the delay and neglect in this case.
The secretion typing tests could not prove that defendant was guilty of the act, but offered the possibility of excluding him from the class of suspects. The prosecutorial delay and neglect made it impossible to obtain the potentially exculpatory evidence, and therefore the prejudice to defendant is clear. We find that the prosecution did not carry its burden of showing a reasonable explanation for the delay sufficient to justify the substantial prejudice. Bisard, supra.
We sympathize with prosecutors who are laboring under heavy caseloads; however, cases of such a serious nature as the present one demand immediate attention. Failure to give such attention in this matter resulted in inexcusable prejudice, such that defendant was entitled to dimissal.
Reversed.
NOTES
[*] Circuit judge, sitting on the Court of Appeals by assignment.
|
NEWSWIRE
ZIMBABWE CRASH OUT OF TOURNAMENT
HAMBANTOTA, Sri Lanka -- Jacques Kallis produced the best bowling performance by a South African in the 20-over format with 4-15 as the Proteas hammered Zimbabwe by 10 wickets in the World Twenty20 on Thursday.
The latest defeat eliminated Zimbabwe from the tournament, after it lost the team's first match in Group C by 82 runs against Sri Lanka.
Kallis led the seam attack as Zimbabwe was restricted to 93-8 and South Africa openers Richard Levi (50) and Hashim Amla (32) eased to 94-0 in only 12.4 overs at the Mahinda Rajapaksa International Cricket Stadium.
South Africa will meet Sri Lanka in the last Group C match on Saturday with both teams already qualified for the Super Eights.
Levis and Amla were untroubled by the Zimbabwean bowlers. Levi hit six fours off 43 balls while Amla rotated the strike well, facing 33 balls and hitting three boundaries.
"(I'm) very happy with the start. I back our pace bowlers to do well on this kind of deck. Hopefully it's the same for the next game," South African captain AB de Villiers said. |
package io.quarkus.deployment.steps;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import io.quarkus.deployment.Capabilities;
import io.quarkus.deployment.annotations.BuildStep;
import io.quarkus.deployment.builditem.CapabilityBuildItem;
public class CapabilityAggregationStep {
@BuildStep
Capabilities build(List<CapabilityBuildItem> capabilities) throws Exception {
Set<String> present = new HashSet<>();
for (CapabilityBuildItem capability : capabilities) {
present.add(capability.getName());
}
return new Capabilities(present);
}
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Palladino Gavi Di Gavi 2006 comes from the high altitude Piedmont region of Italy. While I am familiar with Gavi Di Gavi wine, I’ve never attempted to drink it with a full body cigar. Most Gavi di Gavi wines tend to be milder and perfect for a meal, such as veal. This one attracted me because it was produced with 100% Cortese grapes by Master Barolo producer Maurilo Palladino. This Italian wine maker knows what he’s doing.
As for the cigar, I am pairing the Gavi Di Gavi wine with a Cuban Crafters’ Cubano Claro Julieta. The reviews of the Cubano Claro have all been fabulous, including a 4 cigar rating by the Stogie Guys, a well respected cigar review blog and 93 points by Smoke Magazine, the only magazine that I trust for ratings. One of the panelists who rated the cigar for Smoke Magazine even gave it an unheard of 95 while claiming it’s “A very elegant cigar that can be smoked any time of day. Smooth finish that I did not feel a need to wash away.” The first thing that you will notice with the Cubano cigar is the beautiful Desflorado wrapper. It comes from the Corona of the tobacco plant, the highest leaves in the tree. They tend to get more sun than the others and have more nicotine. Since the tobacco is shade-grown, the leaves will get reddish without the big protruding veins usually found in these types of leaves. Cubano Claro is handmade by Cuban Crafters Cigars and is packed in a vintage humidor style box. The cigar box comes with a humidifier and a humidor. I noticed that the hygrometer is made in Germany. It’s got to be old as I can’t recall seeing hygrometers made in Germany as the cost is presently too high. I would say that this box has at least 20 years on it. Supposedly it came from a large cigar maker that had them put away and never used. He traded the boxes for tobacco that he needed.
Back to the Gavi Di Gavi. It’s made to be served well chilled, so make sure that you drink it at the right temperature. The aromas are enticing and include peach and melon. It also has roasted nuts and raw almonds. At first the wine is fruity with light pineapple notes. The acidity is good, not too powerful. I can tell from the start that it will not affect the taste of the cigar. Citrus tends to impact your taste buds and will generally give any cigar a light bitter taste. In other words, stay away from citrus tasting wines when smoking. This wine is creamy, with berries and plums. Delightful for a Gavi Di Gavi. After a few sips, it’s time to light up the Cubano Claro cigar.
The burn is nice and the taste starts very smooth. From the start you taste the sweet spices. The medium bodied smoke has toasted nuts and cream. A perfect combination for the wine. I’m done with the first glass of wine and immediately pull the bottle out of the refrigerator to pour another. That first glass of wine went by too quickly. That’s usually a very good sign. The cigar is now transforming to deep complex tastes. It’s definitely getting stronger yet it’s still smooth. The transformation brings in coffee with cream, white chocolate and a butter like feeling on the tongue. The sweet spices are still around, with mild notes of nutmeg and a little cedar. All the tastes intermingle, making this a very enjoyable smoke that doesn’t get boring. The fruit and cream of the wine add to the experience.
The Cubano Claro’s taste intensifies past the half-way mark yet stays extremely smooth. It’s now full-bodied with more white chocolate than before. It’s just not as sweet as when I first started smoking it, yet still has sweet notes. The wine’s creamy fruit enhances the taste of the cigar, yet I can now sense a little lemon in the back. That concerns me, yet it hasn’t affected the cigar’s taste that much. I do sense a light dry ceder taste in the background that I had not sensed before. This could be the result of the wine, but the wine’s creamy and fruity taste overshadows it.
I’m down to the last quarter of the cigar. Definitely a full-bodied smoke by now. The coffee with cream, surrounded by layers of white chocolate, makes this a memorable moment. The wine’s creamy fruit tastes coats the tongue and adds to the pleasure. Definitely a good wine and cigar pair that I highly recommend. Both the wine and the cigar individually are a wonderful experience, but together add to each other. Do them together.
J.L. Salazar y Hermanos Reserva Especial is a boutique premium cigar that has a large following among serious cigar smokers. The price is astonishing low when compared to comparable cigars in the market. My Salazar Series Churchill came from Cuban Crafters Cigars in Miami, Florida. It’s their latest release. The Salazar Reserva Especial Series Maduro, is in my humble opinion one of the best full-bodied cigars that has ever existed. I’m not exaggerating. It’s full of flavors and finishes with a floral, coffee and cocoa taste that will not let you put it down. It’s amazing how many of my friends describe it as medium-bodied because of how smooth it is. I decided that a smooth and flavorful full-bodied cigar needs an equally smooth and flavorful red wine.
Rolf Binder Winery makes some of the best Australian wines. The Rolf Binder Hales 2003 is one of their serious Shiraz wines. I can’t think of better Shiraz than that coming from the Barossa Valley of Australia, and this one is an outstanding example. Rolf Binder Hales Shiraz has a powerful berry aroma out of the bottle. You can almost touch the fruit with your nose. You also smell the flowers and alcohol hiding behind the berries.
The cigar is lit and the wine glass is allowing the oxygen to penetrate the wine as I swirl it around. A little sip gets me ready for the wine’s flavors. As I smoke the cigar a few minutes pass and even though I know that I should let the wine air for a longer period of time, I can’t help it and start drinking. The rich blueberry taste comes through right from the start. It’s thick with sweet undertones of cream, blackberries and flowers. I can still taste touches of alcohol under the flavors but that’s probably my fault for not allowing the wine to air-out longer. It opens up as time goes by and the wine settles. Smokey flavors start to appear in the background, along with more pronounced flower notes.
The Shiraz is extremely smooth and the flavors keep building. You feel the wine getting thicker by the minute. It matches the J.L. Salazar Maduro Churchill I’m smoking as though they were made for each other. The rich smoke from the Salazar Maduro, combined with the interludes of Hales Shiraz, play with one another. They both have a floral background that allows one to flow to the other as though they came from the same terroir.
The cigar is past its halfway point and the wine coats its residue flavors as it flows past the tongue. I was somewhat concerned that the Shiraz wine may overpower the Maduro cigar, but that concern quickly vanishes. They were made for each other.
It’s almost an hour and by this time I’m sharing the red wine with Jose, another wine and cigar lover. My bragging about how the wine complements the cigar, and visa versa, leads him to light one up. His description of the pairing is very similar to mine. Validation is always good. It’s unanimous, this is one of the best cigar and wine match that we’ve ever had.
Sauvignon Blanc wine is usually considered the starters wine. It’s mild with mild fruit flavors, and at times lemony. While I normally prefer Chardonnay when drinking white wine, I decided to give Magito Sauvignon Blanc Rivertrace 2006 a shot with a comparably mild but flavorful Don Kiki White Label from the harvest of 2001 Double Corona.
First the Magito Sauvignon Blanc Rivertrace 2006. It comes from the California’s North Coast and it’s produced with 82% Sauvignon Blanc, 8% Viognier and 10% Verdelho. It’s the first time that I drink a wine with Verdelho that’s not from Spain. You’ll notice that it has a screw cap and not the traditional cork. Don’t let this influence you. Some of the best wines are now with screw caps, especially whites. The wine has crisp citrus and melon aromas that give a preview of what is coming. At first the wine is crisp and mild, with sweet melon that plays with lemon. I was somewhat concerned about smoking the cigar because citrus generally does not mix well with cigars. Citrus has a tendency to make cigars taste a little bitter. It has something to do with the taste buds. I’m hoping that the melon covers it enough to mix well with the cigar. To make sure that I don’t mess up this pairing, I drank a little bit of coffee to clean my palette. No more wine until after I start off the cigar.
Don Kiki White Label is a consistently good mild cigar. While some label it a medium-bodied cigar, I’m accustomed to smoking stronger cigars and therefore find most Connecticut-shade wrapper cigars to be mild. I have run into 2 or 3 that seemed medium to full bodied, but those were the exceptions. Back to the Don Kiki White Label. It’s from the 2001 Vintage. This means that the filler tobacco is well aged and smooth-smoking. The Double Corona is 6 inches long with a ring gauge of 48. It’s not available in too many places as it has limited distribution. It comes from Cuban Crafters Cigars in Miami. This is Florida’s largest cigar store and it has a cigar factory in the center. You can smoke inside the store while drinking Cuban coffee with your cigar, and watching the Cuban-born cigar makers at work. It makes for an interesting experience.
The cigar started mild and smooth. You immediately taste cedar and nutmeg. After the first few puffs, the cream started taking over. After about an inch or so you start realizing why this cigar is always sold out. It’s delightfully smooth with sweet tobacco notes with vanilla notes and cream. The flavors blend beautifully, and the burn is exceptional. Now the real test, how does it go with the wine.
The first few sips of wine are as previously described. I made sure that the Sauvignon Blanc is cold, as I truly believe that white wine is meant to be drunk cold. Now I take a few puffs. The flavor is somewhat different than before. The cedar is more pronounced. I drink some more wine and finish the first cup while I take a few puffs. The cigar’s cream seems to bring out the sweeter fruit flavors of the wine. I’m almost one-third way down with the cigar. The flavors are intensifying. It plays well with the melon taste but I am starting to sense the citrus as an afterthought.
The wine in the mouth is fantastic by now. As I puff the cigar I do not feel the citrus affect, but after puffing out and swallowing, I feel the light bitterness caused by the citrus. It’s an acceptable level as the cedar and cream of the cigar overshadow it. Between the fruit and citrus of the wine and the cedar and cream of the cigar you have the bitter swallows. It’s sort of pleasure and pain, one making the other even better. But then again I may have been biased because of my past experiences with citrus drinks and cigar smoking.
My final recommendation is that while both are delightful individually, together they do not enhance each other. The citrus affect kicks in after the gulp. It’s an acceptable level of crisp bitters but defeats the purpose of drinking wine while smoking a cigar. Enjoy them by themselves, unless you prefer mild bittersweet intermissions.
It’s a hot summer day so I want something different in a cigar and in the wine that will accompany it. I’m not a flavored cigar smoker but decided to try an Acid Wafe cigar just to see what it’s like. Drew Estate makes them and they are known for their flavored cigars. Not knowing what to expect from the Acid Wafe, I opened a bottle of Obtainers Montoya 2005. This is a Spanish red wine that is decent tasting as a summer red. I’ve had it before and it’s a bargain for the price.
The Acid Wafe cigar has a flat box-pressed shape. In the mouth it reminds me of the end of the wood tip of those machine-made cigars that come in cardboard packages. Not the taste but just the feel. You can tell the cigar is sweetened when you touch it with the tongue.
I poured the wine a little while ago so I think that it should have aired out enough, being a 2005. The wine’s bouquet is cherry like and lightly sweet. The taste has fruit tones with structured tannins. Very good for a cheaply priced Spanish wine. I guess when you pay $6 for a bottle of Spanish red wine you expect less, so I can say that it exceeded my expectations. It has a nice mouth-feel that I predict will complement the sweet taste of the Acid Wafe cigar.
The Wafe smokes well, notwithstanding the cigar’s shape. You taste the bold notes of the Nicaraguan tobacco, along with the honey flavoring. It’s slightly creamy and has coffee notes in the background. It smokes well and also pairs well with the Montoya Obtainers Spanish red wine.
The wine is pretty consistent, and so is the cigar. The sweetened tobacco taste plays well with the cherry notes of the wine. You can tell this wine is barrel aged, giving it a little oak.
The cigar is short and burns quicker than I am accustomed to. That might be the result of the box pressing and such a flat girth. I guess that it has less tobacco than the regular box-pressed cigars. I am almost down to the end and am impressed that I’m fully smoking a flavored cigar. This one is different than others that I have tried and does not knock you in the mouth with sweetness.
This wine pairs well with the Wafe. It balances my taste buds between the wine’s light acidity and firm tannins, and the cigar’s sweet honey and creamy notes. It’s a nice combination for those who enjoy flavored cigars.
My first time with a Carmel Valley Zinfandel was an excellent experience. Joullian Sias Cuvee Zinfandel 2004 is produced in small batches at the Joullian Vineyards of California. At first pouring, it has a very dark garnet color with a ruby rim around the glass. The aroma is slightly spicy with a bit of vanilla-tinged cherry, raspberry and rose petals. The first time it touches your mouth you will sense black pepper, lots of raspberry that broadens into a red currant, plum and rhubarb mid-palate. It all leads into an elegant, crisp and spicy-vanilla finish. All in all an incredibly delicious wine.
I kind of did the pairing a little different than I should have. First I smoked a Cuban Crafters Cabinet Selection Robusto. A full body and extremely tasty cigar with rich earthy and floral tastes. About 2 hours later I opened and poured the wine. Drank a little just to get me ready, and then decided to have a herb-crusted filet mignon with a special rice combination that I like to call Bahamian rice. If you have ever been to the Bahamas you will know what I am talking about. It’s rice with small red beans, a small amount of other beans, and what makes it special is a dash of Tabasco sauce. The Tabasco gives it a little kick. The Joullian wine was perfect for the meal, but I rationed it so that I can finish what was left with the cigar.
Cuban Crafters Cabinet Selection is a great cigar. While it’s full bodied, it’s so smooth that it does not overwhelm you. My problem with some full-body cigars is that as you smoke them they can overpower your taste buds to the point that you no longer enjoy it. This one, on the other hand, has so many complex tastes that you don’t want it to end. It’s one of my faves.
So I finish the meal, take a break, watch NUMBERS on TV and now it’s time for the cigar. As usual, the cigar lights nicely. I generally keep my cigars at around 60 to 65% humidity. Drier cigars burn better and taste better. It’s something that Rolando Reyes, a prominent cigar maker, taught me. The old man is amazing and he, along with Don Kiki, were the ones that got me into cigars.
The lighting has earthy tobacco taste with some floral and coffee tones. I also sense some leather and sweet notes. This cigar is made with Nicaraguan long-fillers from Esteli. Tobacco grown in Nicaragua’s Esteli tends to be earthy and sweet. That’s what made cigars from Nicaragua so popular. It is the fastest growing cigar exporting country, even in these economically challenging times.
The wine’s powerful red berry taste and peppery notes at first make the cigar taste milder than it really is. It also gives the cigar a sweeter taste than the first Cuban Crafters Robusto cigar I had today. About a quarter of the cigar is gone and now the flavors are starting to kick in. Chocolate and coffee are kicking in. I am starting to sense some tobacco taste in the wine. I’m pretty sure that it’s the wine itself and not the cigar fooling my taste buds. The cigar is now getting richer with more profound floral and chocolate notes. It plays perfectly with the peppery vanilla-cherry bold taste of the wine. Both are now in perfect harmony. This is what you call the best part of the cigar, and the wine. Why couldn’t it be like this from the beginning? I guess if it did then you wouldn’t have a “best” part.
This is the worst part, the cigar is down to the nub and the experience is about to finish. It is one of those cigars that you want to chew at the end to get the last bit of flavor. You just don’t want it to finish. I still have a little wine left in the glass and it now has a little more pepper than it did before. This might be as a result of the cigar, or of allowing the wine to sit and oxygenate. All in all it’s a bold experience that’s not recommended for the faint at heart. This powerful wine was wonderful with the Cuban Crafters Robusto but might be better with a rougher tasting maduro broadleaf cigar. I’ll have to give it as shot and will report back.
Cigar tax after cigar tax and I’ve had enough. While this blog is for pairing cigars with wines, the situation with cigar taxes is getting out of control, with increases at the federal and state level.
On April 1, 2009 the Federal cigar tax went up from 4.75 cents a cigar to 40.26 cents a cigar. That’s an over 800% increase! The largest cigar tax increase in history of America. This tax increase was for President Obama’s program that provides health care insurance to children in families with an annual income of about $80,000 or less. It was funded through a $32.8 billion increase in tobacco taxes and added about $10 per box of cigars.
Now the states are looking to increase the cigar tax to levels that are unprecedented. The Florida Senate has passed the state budget with a $1 per ounce tax on cigars. Based on the average weight of the cigars I smoke, that’s an additional $16 per box of 25 cigars. Florida is from the state with the largest concentration of cigar companies and cigar industry employees. Nearly 90% of the U.S. cigar manufacturing industry is based in Florida.
The impact of the tax on Florida’s economy could be the loss of about 50,000 jobs directly and indirectly related to the cigar industry. If approved by the House and the Governor, the tax compounded with the recent federal cigar tax increase, has the potential to drive companies and retailers out of business, and crush Florida’s cigar industry! Florida’s Governor Charlie Christ is a cigar smoker from Tampa. He is opposed to the tax and knows the detrimental impact that it will have on the state. I’m counting on him to stand up and force the Senate to back down from the tax.
The government is bailing out companies with trillions of dollars, yet they continue to create taxes and policies to exacerbate the unemployment problem. It just does not make sense! While the House of Representatives has not accepted the cigar tax in Florida, the state budget problems and lobbyists for certain industries might push them towards it. What can you do? If you live in Florida you can contact your State Representative and let them know that you are opposed to this tax increase. If the Representatives hold their position, the tax will be defeated.
In New York, the state has approved an increase in the cigar excise tax from 37% to 46%. So now cigars and tobacco products (other than snuff) imported into, or manufactured in the state, on or after April 7, 2009, will pay a tobacco excise tax of 46% of the wholesale price. That means that the retail price will be even higher than the 9% tax increase. Cigar smokers in New York can expect to pay an additional 15% for their cigars.
In Maryland, the State Assembly is currently set to consider two bills that propose to increase the state’s current cigar excise tax rate from 15% to 90%. That’s a whopping 600% tax increase!
Michigan’s Governor may be considering a doubling of the current 32% cigar tax rate. The 32% is based on the manufacturer’s wholesale price, therefore the tax increase would increase the price of a substantially more at the retail level. Arkansas approved an increase in all state tobacco taxes, specifically more than doubling the excise tax on cigars from 32% to 68%.
I can keep on going about the taxes but all of a sudden I’m feeling the need to smoke a cigar before it costs me more. Someday the cigar smokers in the USA will get together and do what the liquor industry did after prohibition, make a pact to “never again” let it happen.
Rioja wine is known for its rich color and taste, and a wine that goes well with some of the more flavorful Cuban cigars. Not too many outside of Spain know Bodegas Consejo de la Alta, located in the heart of Rioja Alta, Spain. This small winery produces small batch Tempranillo wines. They are always in high demand in Spain, and throughout Europe. One Rioja wine that caught my attention is their Cata de Consejero from the 2001 vintage. I actually felt privileged to drink a bottle with a friend, as only 6,000 bottles were produced. I guess that there may be a few hundred bottles out there that are not yet opened, mostly in collectors’ hands. This Rioja red was aged for 20 months in French and American Oak barrels and an additional 12 months in the bottle before being released. It’s been a few years since it was released so this bottle had lots of years on it. We carefully opened it and the cork required some muscle but eventually came out clean, a good sign. The color was an intense deep red and the aromas that came out of the bottle reminded you of spices and figs, letting you know that this is not a lightweight. We decided that decanting and letting it sit for about half an hour would do it justice.
So there we are, staring at the decanter and waiting for the half-hour to pass us by. It gave us an opportunity to discuss the cigar that would match a wine of this caliber. It came down to two, the Padron 1964 Anniversary Diplomatico (7 inches long with a ring gauge of 50) and the J.L. SALAZAR y HERMANOS Reserva Especial Churchill (7 1/4 inches long with a ring gauge of 52). Both are handmade with habano tobacco from Nicaragua, are box-pressed and have received very good reviews.
We lit up the cigars and cut a deal that I get the first half of the J.L. Salazar y Hermanos and he gets the first half of the Padron 1964 Anniversary cigar. I believe that the cigar scissor was invented for just that purpose. To cut the top part of the cigar that has saliva after someone else smoked it when passing a cigar from one smoker to another. Sure you lose a good half-an-inch from the cigar, but it allows you to smoke a cigar that was half-smoked. Remember that the purpose is to match wines with cigars.
Both the Padron and the J.L. Salazar started with a mouth full of rich smoke, the Padron 1964 Anniversary was a little milder while the J.L. Salazar was more full-bodied. The taste of both cigars was somewhat comparable, the J.L. Salazar having more of a floral touch and the Padron having more cream. Both smoked well and evenly. About one-quarter inch down, the iPhone alarm went off. It’s time for wine!
Consejo De La Alta Cata De Consejero 2001 has received rave reviews. Wine Enthusiast Magazine awarded 91 points to this Rioja wine. Wine Spectator gave it 89 points, with a stellar review. But the true test is what we think (because we are drinking it) and how it pairs with our cigars.
Swirling it around the glass, you can see the wine does not have the tension that it had when we first poured it into the decanter. The aromas have also loosed up a bit. They are still intense but now show more elegance. At first taste, it has smooth blackberries, a little blueberry, sweet plums, light touches of fig and an earthy background that is hard to identify. It felt firm and silky, completely complementing the cigars. I started to detect sweet cured tobacco and coffee in this complex wine. The Rioja wine continued to get smoother, meaning that we obviously did not let it air enough. Good thing that we waited and drank slowly. After a few more minutes, we refilled our glasses.
Glass two and we were both eager to exchange cigars in order to compare our notes, but we weren’t half-way through. The wine started showing some toasty notes that blended wonderfully with the cigars. The floral notes of the JL Salazar y Hermanos accented the dark berries in the wine. The Padron 1964 Anniversary, on the other hand, started showing mouth-covering cream that went well with the wine’s coffee notes. It was clear that the characteristics of this special red wine meshed well with those of the cigars.
Finally switching time came. I generally enjoy the last half of the cigar more than the first half, but only if it is a truly good cigar. If the tobacco was not properly fermented and cured, then the opposite applies. In this case, there was nothing to worry about and I eagerly waited for the trade. I started smoking the Padron and my buddy the J.L. Salazar. We compared notes and while the Padron was creamy with light sweet notes, the J.L. Salazar had opened up a little more to reveal chocolate notes. The Padron was medium-bodied at this point, as compared to the full-bodied J.L. Salazar. Maybe it was the extra quarter inch of the JL Salazar over the Padron. There was something in the Padron that I picked up but could not identify. It was a blend of cocoa, coffee and cream that made it hard to put the cigar down. The Salazar had also developed a sweet chocolate, flower and earthy taste that also grabbed you. The Cata De Consejero’s smooth and intense taste added to the enjoyment.
We were almost out of wine and the cigars were reaching the nub. The extra quarter inch of the Salazar was important now. The Padron’s taste did not intensify during the last two inches, while the Salazar’s taste did. Both were delicious and kept us smoking them until we can no longer hold them. Comparing notes, we decided that both cigars had many similar characteristics. Among the differences, the Padron had a creaminess that was missing in the Salazar. On the other hand the Padron was lacking the Salazar’s floral and chocolaty taste that intensified as the cigar got smaller.
We finally drank the last of the wine and both agreed that we could not have had a better combination. Absolutely beautifully. It’s too bad that so few bottles of this Rioja wine were produced. If I knew the wine’s match with the cigars would be so wonderful, I would have saved it for a special occasion.
Recently I’ve had the pleasure of watching the movie “El Benny”, which is based on the life and career of Benny More, one of Cuba’s most talented and famous musicians in history. The movie is centered around the span of his career ranging between the mid/late 1940’s through the early 1960’s. The score throughout and the scene scapes are reminiscent of the golden age of Cuba.As a perfect match while watching the film, I started up a Medina 1959 Miami Edition Corona Gorda cigar. I picked up a box of these incredible cigars that were just recently released and have been thoroughly satisfied since. Going through the spectrum, the Corona defines a medium body smoke. There are tastes of mild spices, toasted nuts and a hint of butterscotch with sweet malt cream that makes it a superb and enriching experience.
Both the film and the cigar reminded me of the luxury and romance of the Cuban deco years. In 1959 particularly, it was an historic and monumental year for the country. With the rise of Fidel Castro, we watched many things change. In 1959, we watched the peak of an explosion of Cuban culture that entered the mainstream of other continents as the country hosted legendary talent in art, music and industry.
It was also during this time that one of those talents, Manuel Medina, began rolling cigars. Working as a roller in Cuba for H. Upman, it was obvious from the start that his talents were an asset. Shortly thereafter, Medina began his role as the factory’s Master Cigar Maker and to this day continues as a true visionary of his trade.
The Cuban Crafters Medina 1959 Miami Edition Corona Gorda is a genuine staple of the pre-Castro Cuban cigar era of creating cigars. The combination of tobacco was blended by Medina to match the exact taste that legendary Cuban cigars were made of.
“El Benny” revisits a time where Cuba was a global destination and glowing with vibrance and energy. It follows the life of a Cuban with passion, skill and determination that demanded (and received) attention. It’s only fitting to be able to smoke a cigar that plays tribute to this theme. The 1959 Miami Edition cigars are a perfect addition to any cigar collection for those who desire the definitive quality only a true Cuban master roller could produce.
Yesterday I had the Opus One wine and matched it up with an Arturo Fuente Opus X cigar. Since I was drinking alone, I didn’t drink all of the Opus One wine. With about ½ of the bottle left, I removed as much air as I can and sealed the bottle with a wine saver rubber cork. Wine can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days, but Opus One is too special to leave it uncorked or to leave it in the refrigerator for a few days. What a shame if it lost its character.
I opened the refrigerator and pulled out the chilled bottle. I setup the wine glasses and asked a friend to join me. We talked about the cigar that would best go with this wine. After rummaging through 4 humidors, we decided that the taste of a Don Kiki Brown Label cigar would probably complement this exquisite wine. Don Kiki Brown Label is one of the best medium to full bodied cigars out there. The fact that they only cost about $2 each is an extra perk. You just can’t find a cigar this good at this price. My friend had a chance to see my previous post on the Opus Opus match and made it clear that I should have never paired the Opus X with the Opus One. Where was he yesterday?
We both lit the Don Kiki Brown Labels and started puffing them. He smoked a Churchill and I smoked a Toro. Rich clouds of smoke quickly covered the room. The smell of Nicaraguan tobacco, with its characteristic floral notes, blanketed the room. No one complained. As we started drinking the wine, the cigar’s tobacco taste started to develop. It went from earthy to licorice and cocoa. The Toro smoked beautifully and his Churchill started to burn a little too fast on the left side (his left). We quickly noticed that he had turned on the air purifier when I initially told him that we were smoking cigars, and the clean air from the purifier was hitting him on his left side. Fixing the burn issue of his Churchill was easy. We turned off the purifier and the cigar started to even out. We expedited the fix-up with a torch lighter.
The Opus One wine tasted a little different than it did yesterday. Some acidity was noticeable but not much. My buddy couldn’t sense it, but since I had drank it yesterday I was able to compare the wine’s taste from one day to another. The blackberry and smoky tobacco taste of the wine was still there, and went perfectly with the cigar. The cigar’s taste had developed into a complex combination of cocoa cream and toasted nuts. This paired well with the wine’s lush mouth-feel and deep dark berries taste. What a great combination.
As my Toro got shorter, the flavor intensified and was so smooth that I decided to put it down to saver the moment. Figuring that since my cigar is shorter than his Churchill, I needed to pace myself. We compared notes and his Churchill had a mild spice taste that I just couldn’t pick up in my Toro. It could be that since I tend to chew the cigar’s head a little and he doesn’t, I was picking up the stronger flavors that were being condensed as a result of my cigar’s wet head.
Savoring the wine, I proceeded to empty the bottle evenly between us. He gave me crap about his cigar being longer and therefore he deserved more of the wine. Since I had put my cigar down for a while, I showed him that we were down to about the same size. That’s a normal exchange between us. We tend to outwit each other to see who wins. It was my wine and my cigars so I won.
A Brown Label’s finish is a bittersweet moment. The taste intensifies and gets smoother, but on the other hand you know that the experience is about to end. Having finished the cigars, we drank what was left of the wine and both agreed that it was a very good match. We also decided that while this cigar and wine match was excellent, it may have been better with a cigar that has a creamier taste profile. We agreed to meet next week and see if this match can be outdone.
Today the stock market made a comeback. How long will it last? Nobody really knows but enjoy it while it’s there. Time to celebrate so I took out an Opus X cigar and smoked it while drinking Opus One wine. First about the Opus One wine. It is so smooth and coats your mouth with such delicious flavors that it made me think twice about lighting up the cigar. I just had to try the Opus Opus match so I lit up the cigar.
The cigar is wrapped in a cedar sleeve and has a red velvet cover at the bottom. It looks elegant, but at the price that they charge for them I want more than looks. It is a very well made cigar and you can tell that the typical Cuban hand making process was used. The cigar was constructed using dry tobacco leaves and each one folded like an accordion. They call this style of rolling “abanico” and it is used in Cuba to make the higher priced cigars. It takes longer to make the cigar using this method, and obviously costs more.
I lit the cigar and exhaled my first pure puff of smoke. The smoke was plentiful and had a heavy body. A good sign so far. The taste was floral with some notes of toasted nuts. It was smooth so the beginning went well with the Opus One. I kept drinking the lush wine that coated my mouth with delicious tastes of plum, blackberry and smokey tobacco. It was thick and overshadowed the cigar’s taste. The thick berry taste and a creamy mouth-feel of this wine just overwhelmed the mouth to the point that the cigar was just an afterthought.
I noticed that the cigar started burning unevenly so I put it down with the faster burning side facing down in an effort to have the burn problem correct itself. This usually works but after a few minutes it did not fully correct the burn, so I used my torch lighter to even out the burn. This had to be repeated a few times leading me to believe that the cigar’s wrapper or binder was not properly cured. The taste continued pretty much the same until I hit the half way mark. While the cigar’s taste turned a little more to the cream side, I noticed that some mild spices and peppery notes started showing up. They continued and by this point enhanced the wine’s taste a little.
I continued to indulge in the Opus One wine, a sip at a time. It’s an interesting wine that is made up of various different types of grapes. While it’s at least 80% Cabernet Sauvignon, it also has Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec and Petit Verdot grapes. The blending of these grapes was clearly the work of a highly skilled winemaker. I will not tell you the vintage year of the wine because you’ll call me a hog for drinking it by myself. The smoothness of Opus One is unmatched by any other California red wine. Sure the price is steep, but heck the stock market is up today.
All in all the wine was spectacular and the cigar was good for a medium-bodied smoke. In my opinion a full bodied cigar with a creamy cocoa taste, like a Padron Aniversario or a J.L. Salazar y Hermanos would have been a better choice, as this cigar felt like it was lacking the complexity that this wine requires. The cigar just wasn’t what it’s been built up to be. I’m not saying it wasn’t good, it just lacked something that I can’t put my finger on. On the other hand, this wine is everything and more than you expect. |
Description: Three eminent scientists in biology and medical engineering discuss their pioneering work at MIT -- a research base they regard as unmatched for its collaborative environment and enthusiasm for even the most marginal and offbeat ideas. Moderator and colleague Hazel Sive hails these speakers as among those who have helped "move women to where they should be as intellectual leaders."
Susan Lindquist explains her investigation of a unicellular organism -- yeast -- leading to an understanding of "some of mankind's most devastating diseases," including ALS, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and dementia. All these neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by "globs of misfolded proteins" such as the amyloid plaques seen in Alzheimer's patients.
Lindquist notes that long strings of amino acids are powerless until they assume intricate shapes to code DNA. This occurs in "an absolutely ridiculous environment," she remarks. "Not only is it crowded, but the cells are experiencing a tremendous amount of kinetic energyconstantly bumping into each othernot like Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogersmore like the characters in a Marx Brothers movie where chaos is poised on the precipice of disaster." Neurons are especially prone to detrimental outcomes of protein misfolding, more so with age.
Yeast serves as Lindquist's experimental subject because it is cheap, fast growing, easily manipulated, and sports a thoroughly documented genome, making it "a living test tubea dream come true for biology." Through genetic screens, she identifies compounds that ultimately can be applied therapeutically in humans. The goal is to treat Parkinsonism via "personalized medicine" according to the unique genetic composition of a given patient in order to obtain optimal response.
JoAnne Stubbe speaks passionately about radicals, "reductive metabolites of oxygen gas." Commonly thought of as destructive, these mercurial molecules cause oxidation that may mutate DNA, and in turn, result in disease or aging. Conversely, they can also exhibit beneficial behavior. "Nature has figured out how to harness the reactivity of these radicals to do extremely challenging chemistry with exquisite specificity," says Stubbe.
In particular, Stubbe's work concentrates on ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs), enzymes crucial to DNA replication and repair via a catalytic reaction with free radicals. Her laboratory has been unraveling this process for over 30 years. She calls ribonucleotide reductases "a veritable playground for free radical chemistry." Her efforts have proven fruitful not only in theoretical discovery but also in therapeutic applications. RNRs are targets of clinical drugs for leukemia and other hematological cancers.
Stubbe concludes by broadening the scope "for those of you who like to think about evolution." RNRs are essential intermediaries in the polypeptide assembly machine, the process by which proteins are synthesized. These radical"exploiting enzymes are integral to the creation of every life form by enabling the transformative link from RNA to DNA.
Sangeeta Bhatia explores signaling pathways, structures, and functional interdependencies within tissue microenvironments of 100 microns and smaller. "Five hundred to 50 nanometersis the perfect length scale" for examining the microenvironment of the liver, in which hepatocytes are her interest.
Because liver failure is lethal and donor organs are scarce, Bhatia hopes to build "an engineered liver that you would implant off the shelf." Since the liver conducts 500 functions, this is a daunting mission requiring versatile cell architecture, chemistry and proliferation. Conventional CAD manufacturing methods can construct infinitesimal 3D scaffolding that suspends cross"linked cells in a liquid "like fruits in Jell"O," Bhatia says. Thus far, she and her team have made minuscule disk"shaped livers for mice. "We need about 10 billion cells to get into a human patient," she declares with determination.
Bhatia also studies the detoxification capability of the liver, and is developing drugs to fight infections. Currently she has a pharmaceutical compound in clinical trials for hepatitis C. She exclaims, "This was a real thrill as an inventor." In addition, she is pursuing the malaria"inducing parasite that initially attacks hepatocytes before bursting into the bloodstream.
About the Speaker(s): Hazel Sive is Associate Dean of the School of Science at MIT as well as Professor of Biology and Member of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. She arrived at Whitehead in 1991, where her work focuses on zebrafish and frog embryos to understand the evolution and molecular structure of the vertebrate nervous system.
In 1992, Sive was named a Searle Scholar and received a National Science Foundation Young Investigator Award. Sive earned her undergraduate degree from the University of
Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, in chemistry
and zoology and her Ph.D. from Rockefeller University in molecular biology, in 1986.
Sive traces the earliest stages of neural development in vertebrates. She has identified more than 50 genes involved in the decision to begin making neural tissue from the undifferentiated cells in a young embryo. The work could provide new insights into neurological diseases, spinal cord injuries, and cancer.
Host(s): Office of the President, MIT150 Inventional Wisdom
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TechTV now offers simplified collaboration upload features. These features are visible to owners and administrators of Protected collections (any collection can be upgraded to Protected status by its owner or administrators.) Registered TechTV users can be added to a Protected collection for a course by adding their names to the Collaborators user list. Appointed users can
We’ve gotten some great tips from folks to help you think about how to make your videos better. Take a look at what people are saying: Lack of high-quality audio in informal recording – this can be easily addressed by using a lavalier (clip-on) microphone – makes all the difference if people can hear what’s
The much-anticipated Code of Best Practices for Fair use in Academic and Research Libraries was released today and is available at: http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/code-of-best-practices-fair-use.pdf The MIT Libraries participated in the focus groups leading up to the creation of this document. This code joins a group of successful best practices in fair use documents coordinated by Peter Jaszi
We are pleased to announce that MIT TechTV was integrated with the MIT Touchstone system on Wednesday, July 6th, 2011. Please take a look at our MIT TechTV FAQ page to see how the new processes work. Some of the new features include: a streamlined sign-in process (after initial setup) administration of multiple MIT TechTV |
Mortality among aerial pesticide applicators and flight instructors: a reprint.
A cohort mortality study was conducted of male aerial pesticide applicators and flight instructors identified from computerized Federal Aviation Administration medical examination records from 1965-1979. Vital status of 9,677 applicators and 9,727 instructors was determined through January 1, 1980, and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated. The overall SMR was 127 for applicators (699 deaths) and 93 for instructors (454 deaths). Fatalities from nonmotor vehicle accidents, mostly aircraft crashes, were in notable excess (SMR = 1,168 among applicators, 630 among instructors), whereas deaths from most chronic diseases, including all cancer, was below expectation (e.g., for arteriosclerotic heart disease, SMR = 52 among applicators and 50 among instructors). The ability of the study to assess cancer risk among applicators was limited by a relatively brief follow-up period. However, 8 applicators (SMR = 171), but only 1 flight instructor (SMR = 24), died of leukemia, and small, nonsignificant risk elevations for some other cancer sites among applicators were observed and warrant continued follow-up. |
There, the following is written in the report by the office of Interim City Manager Reese Goad, “…however, the Human Resources Director, Ms. (Ellen) Blair was not informed of her requirement to file Form 1 Financial Disclosure …”
Hello? She is the human resources director!
It’s her job to know what those requirements are. In fact, it’s right there in her job description… twice!
“Maintains and promulgates necessary departmental rules and regulations in accordance with Personnel Policy and Procedures and other City policies.”
“Ensures organization personnel policies and practices are in line with applicable federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, and rules and ensures that managers, supervisors and the workforce compliance with these policies and practices, as applicable.”
Oh, and guess what else is in the job description posted on the city’s website?
The financial disclosure requirement!
“An incumbent of this job classification may be required to file a financial disclosure statement with the Supervisor of Elections in their county of residence, in compliance with Florida Statutes, Chapter 112, Part III. Such filing is required within 30 days of placement in a covered position, annually thereafter by no later than July 1 of each year in which they serve in the covered position, and within 60 days of leaving the covered position.”
Using the excuse that the HR director didn’t know what was in her job description is like promoting an accountant to CFO, but excusing her for not knowing she needed to follow Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
Another breathtaking conclusion from the report: Blair didn’t knowingly directly or indirectly accept a gift from a vendor lobbyist.
The basis for this conclusion is that Blair didn’t solicit the tickets from now deposed city manager, Rick Fernandez, but rather they were offered as a “gesture of kindness” to her and Underground Utilities General Manager Mike Tadros.
Blair then claims, in a written statement included with the report: “The tickets were for an eastside skybox and I sat in an open seat. Mr. Fernandez did not sit with me during the game – he came up to the skybox briefly at half time but left the skybox before the second half began.”
Since Goad conceded that the tickets came from Old School – the box run by Adam Corey, who did lobbying work for city vendors – are he and Blair really arguing that she had no idea she was sitting in the Old School box? She had no idea who any of those people were?
The city’s contorted tally of the ticket value is also suspect.
It relied on five different possible calculations to conclude the value of the ticket was $100, conveniently a penny below the legal threshold requiring gift reporting.
Set aside what a deal it is to experience a luxury box seat for your Seminoles — featuring bottomless adult drinks and catered food — for a single C-note. According to her statement, Blair received two tickets from Fernandez. She gave the other ticket to a fellow city employee, but doesn’t that mean Fernandez’s “gesture” actually is valued at $200?
Here is another question Goad apparently didn’t ask during his investigation: Did Blair and Tadros (or other city employees for that matter) accept tickets to any other games? The practice already cost Fernandez his job, so the question certainly would seem germane to the investigation.
The big question: What kind of investigation was this? It doesn’t take a cynic to conclude that the city started out with the result it wanted – Tadros and Blair would emerge from the matter unscathed – and then ignored questions that might lead to facts unfriendly to the conclusion.
Meanwhile, the city’s Independent Ethics Board, which is kept toothless by city commissioner inaction, all but admitted Tuesday evening that it has no power to do anything about any of this, despite clear consternation over the integrity of the investigation.
And city leaders wonder why confidence in government is in the pits.
Thankfully, our sources tell us the Florida Commission on Ethics has performed a much more comprehensive investigation. That report is expected back in June.
What is clear for all to see is this: Residents of the city of Tallahassee must put their faith in state and federal investigative bodies to shine the light on the ethical (and perhaps legal) shortcomings in the city of Tallahassee. |
Q:
Powers of $2$ or $3$ from $m$ to $n$
Is there a formula for finding how many powers of $2$ or $3$ exist in a given range of numbers say $m$ through $n$ or $0$ through $n$?
A:
ADDED: I am taking the phrase "powers of $2$" to mean nonnegative integral powers $\{1,2,4, \ldots\}$.
Assume that $n \geq m \geq 1$. (If $m =0$, then you can safely redefine it to be $1$.) Notice that $2^k \in [m,n] \iff k \in [\log_2 m, \log_2 n]$. Further, if $k$ is an integer, then1:
$$
2^k \in [m,n] \iff k \in [\ \lceil \log_2 m \rceil, \lfloor \log_2 n\rfloor \ ].
$$
Be careful with the floors and ceilings. Therefore the number of powers of two in the given range is:
$$
\lfloor \log_2 n\rfloor - \lceil \log_2 m \rceil + 1.
$$
Proceed similarly for $3$.
1This is because of the following facts. If $k$ is an integer and $x$ real, then $k \leq x$ is equivalent to saying $k \leq \lfloor x \rfloor$. Similarly, $k \geq x \iff k \geq \lceil x \rceil$.
A:
If you are looking for numbers composed only from the primes $2$ and $3$ (For $n\leq 10$ this would be $2,3,4,6,8,9$) then see this Math Stack Exchange thread. It turns out there are approximately $$\frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{\log N}{\log 2} + 1\right)\left(\dfrac{\log N}{\log 3} + 1\right).$$
(Counting lattice points in the triangle)
|
Q:
How to use a column for a shaded area in ggplot,R?
I have a dataframe of 2 columns, my values and the standard error.
What I want is to plot a line with my values and then add the standard error as a shaded area around my line.
I do not even know how to start as most of the examples use the geom_ribbon and not an existing column.
I am really confused, is it even possible to plot a shaded area based on an existing column? (any suggestions of tutorials or demos are welcomed!)
A:
you need 3 columns, timestamp, value and std. And it's as simple as use your std column inside the aes(ymin, ymax):
library(tidyverse)
huron <- data.frame(year = 1875:1972,
value = LakeHuron,
std = runif(length(LakeHuron),0,1))
huron %>%
ggplot(aes(year, value)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = value - std, ymax = value + std), fill = "steelblue2") +
geom_line(color = "firebrick", size = 1)
In case you want to group your data, you should use fill = your_group and group = your_group inside the aes:
library(tidyverse)
huron <- data.frame(year = rep(1875:1972,2),
group = c(rep("a",98),rep("b",98)),
value = c(LakeHuron, LakeHuron + 5),
std = runif(length(LakeHuron)*2,0,1))
huron %>%
ggplot(aes(year, value, fill = group, group=group)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = value - std, ymax = value + std), fill =
"steelblue2") +
geom_line(color = "firebrick", size = 1)
I posted this tip here: https://typethepipe.com/vizs-and-tips/ggplot_geom_ribbon_shadow/ for more info. Hope it helps!
|
Lundy, Fletcher and Ludlam face off on tech policies.
The debate followed Google's launch of its Election 2010 portal, which features tools for finding out about issues, candidates and electorates in the lead up to the August 21 election.
Google also launched its Student Voice initiative, which invited students aged between 15 and 17 to vote in a simulated election from 9 to 12 August.
Greens Senator Scott Ludlam welcomed online political discussions as an antidote to the "excruciatingly boring" portrayal of politics in the traditional media, such as Sunday's televised leadership debate.
While online discussions were "completely unregulated and anarchic", the debate was "a form of political anaesthetic where their [Gillard and Abbott] only job is to not stuff anything up," he said.
"Politics is too important to be left to the politicians," he told students from Georges River College and Reddam House who were present at the launch.
"I think that governments that don't engage with citizens in their digital lives aren't capable of representing their people," she said.
Lundy highlighted the Digital Education Revolution, $43 billion investment in the National Broadband Network (NBN) and recent Declaration of Open Government as examples of Labor wins in the technology sector.
"We've invested so much into great policy across the whole area of ICT and the digital economy," she said.
National Broadband Network
Liberal member for Bradfield, Paul Fletcher, underscored the Opposition's concern and scepticism about a range of Labor's technology proposals.
"I am root and branch opposed to Labor's NBN policy," he said. "Technology investment is risky. There's a real question as to whether it is wise to put $43 billion at risk."
Fletcher highlighted the French Minitel terminals and Hutchison's early foray into video telephony in Australia as examples of failed investments, noting that "the field of technology is littered with success and it's also littered with failure".
With an average connection speed of 2.6 Mbps, Australia has been ranked by content-distribution service Akamai as the 50th fastest broadband nation in the world, behind New Zealand with 2.9 Mbps, and the U.S. with 4.7 Mbps.
But despite his NBN reservations, Fletcher - who worked as Optus's Director of Corporate and Regulatory Affairs between 2000 and 2008 - declined to describe how he, or his party, would improve broadband in Australia.
"We will be announcing our plans in due course ... when the appropriate time comes," he said.
Ludlam supported the NBN build. However, he opposed Labor's long-term plan of privatising NBN Co, drawing parallels to Liberal Government's privatisation of Telstra in the late-1990s.
"What we're trying to do here is fix the mess that was left by the privatisation of Telstra," he said.
"We're essentially reversing the privatisation of Telstra [by creating NBN Co] ... We don't want to go back down that path."
Lundy, who has previously suggested an opt-out - rather than mandatory - internet filtering regime, acknowledged that filtering was a "controversial issue".
The best approach to cybersafety would be through educating children and their parents on safe internet use, she suggested.
Liberal representative Fletcher criticised the RC review as something that looked "surprisingly like an attempt to kick that [filtering] issue into touch".
"The advice that comes from engineers is that it [an ISP-level filter] is very difficult, technically, to implement.
"It's a very confusing, muddled area of policy," he said, questioning the Labor Government's internet filtering commitment after having scrapped Liberal's voluntary NetAlert filtering scheme.
However, Fletcher would not discuss whether or not NetAlert, or any form of voluntary filtering, would be revived under an elected Liberal Government. Shadow Communications Minister Tony Smith has been equally unwilling to disclose Liberal technology policies.
Ludlam, who has long opposed mandatory filtering, said the Liberals were likely to support Labor's filtering proposal under Tony Abbott's leadership.
"I think the Liberals are ducking and weaving; I think internally, they're split ... but the fact is, the party is led by Tony Abbott who is deeply conservative," he said.
"It wouldn't surprise me at all that when the Government finally moves to legislate mandatory net censorship - which is still their policy - I'm still very worried that the Liberals are going to vote for it."
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Q:
Check if an MKAnnotation is selected on a map?
I have a really simple question: how can I check if an MKAnnotation is selected on a map?
I can't see a selected like (GET) property.
I hope the solution would not be by triggering selected/deselected events and store its result in a property and check them if I need. There must be a more straightforward one.
Thanks very much!
A:
Making use of the delegate method of MKMapView didSelectAnnotationView: use can get the event MKAnnotation Selected
-(void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didSelectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view {
// Annotation is your custom class that holds information about the annotation
if ([view.annotation isKindOfClass:[Annotation class]]) {
Annotation *annot = view.annotation;
NSInteger index = [self.arrayOfAnnotations indexOfObject:annot];
}
}
Hope it will help you.
A:
Check out -[MKMapView selectedAnnotations].
|
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1977–1980
This is a list of members of the 42nd Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1977 to 1980, as elected at the 1977 state election held 12 November 1977.
On 13 September 1978, the Liberal member for Sherwood, John Herbert, died. Liberal candidate Angus Innes won the resulting by-election on 25 November 1978.
On 7 August 1979, the National member for Redcliffe, Jim Houghton, resigned. Liberal candidate Terry White won the resulting by-election on 1 September 1979.
On 8 August 1979, the National member for Gympie, Max Hodges, resigned. National candidate Len Stephan won the resulting by-election on 1 September 1979.
See also
1977 Queensland state election
Premier: Joh Bjelke-Petersen (National Party) (1968–1987)
References
Category:Members of Queensland parliaments by term
Category:20th-century Australian politicians |
Significance of international judicial conference
M.A.Malik - Islamabad will be hosting a three-day international judicial conference from April 13-15, which will be attended by jurists, judges and legal experts from the USA, Afghanistan, UK, South Africa, Australia, France, India, Maldives, Judges of Supreme Court of Pakistan, provincial high courts and members of the Bar Council of Pakistan. The event being organised and hosted by the Law and Justice Commission of Pakistan at the initiative of the Chief Justice of Pakistan Justice Iftikhar Mohammad Chaudhry. At a time when the judiciary in Pakistan, under the stewardship of the CJ, is passing through a transitory phase in regards to consolidating the independence of judiciary, the international judicial conference if of great significance from the perspective of strengthening and accelerating the process by benefiting from the experience of the judges, jurists and people associated with the dispensation of justice in other countries and also to harmonise our judicial system with the practices and concepts of justice at the global level. It will also help our judges and legal experts to update themselves on how the issues of legal paramount importance are approached and settled, the evolution occurring in the principles of jurisprudence and legal practices at the international level. The conference is likely to deliberate on themes like - Role of Judiciary in Promotion of a Culture of Tolerance, Terrorism and Money Laundering, Role of Judiciary in Good Governance, Alternate Dispute Resolution and International Arbitration, Judicial Education, Parental Child Abduction and Transnational Jurisdiction, Environmental Law and Public Litigation, Gender bias and Issus Judicial Empathy. The judicial system in any country is of paramount importance and it is a well settled principle that justice is not only to be done but it should be seen to be done. The ultimate purpose of justice is to ensure peace, amity, tolerance and promotion of well being of the society. During the World War II when Sir Winston Churchil was asked whether Britain will win the war or not? He put a counter question to his interlocutor asking, is the judiciary in Britain operating independently and doing justice? The answer was yes. He said then we will win the war. His confidence actually stemmed from the fact that a society where justice is done in a transparent and independent manner and the people have faith in the judicial system, it cannot be defeated. The judiciary derives its powers from the constitution. But despite the constitutional provisions guaranteeing judicial independence and expeditious dispensation of justice and ensuring fair trial of the individuals having a brush with the law, the problem of wrongful convictions and miscarriage of justice plagues legal systems around the world. However, it is not the courts alone that can ensure that the outcomes produced by the legal system are just. The statutory provisions providing for procedural and substantive justice, the law enforcement agencies and state attorneys in charge of prosecution and the judges overseeing adjudication, all contribute to the quality of justice produced. And thus all three branches of government, the executive, the judiciary and the legislature are responsible for the judicial outcomes. In Islam justice is a sacred obligation, which is to be performed in conformity with the dictates of Allah in the most sincere and purposeful manner. It is a divine duty. Our constitution also guarantees the independence judiciary and prevents interference by the executive in the affairs of the judiciary. Article 37(d) of the constitution mandates “The state shall ensure inexpensive and expeditious justice.” Unfortunately our judicial system has also been suffering from a slew of procedural and administrative inadequacies, corruption, inordinate delays in decisions due to ever increasing cases of litigation and the archaic laws incongruous with the changed social environment. Societies are all the time undergoing transformation necessitated by the emerging social realities depending on the degree of their own dynamism. No judicial system can survive or achieve desired results if it is not reformed in the light of the changing needs of the society.It is however heartening to note that the Chief Justice of Pakistan Justice Iftikhar Mohammad Chaudhry has shown an unflinching commitment to reform the judicial system. The Supreme Court has given landmark decisions since its revival asserting its independence as per constitution and those decisions now form the guidelines for the subordinate judiciary. Not only that the CJ also has been instrumental to the convening of two National Judicial Conferences under the auspices of the National Judicial (Policy Making) Committee. These conferences provided a platform to all the stakeholders in the judicial system to share their thoughts on the legal and judicial problems afflicting the judicial system and to devise new ways and means for resolving them and making the system responsive to the new social realities. The recommendations firmed up as a consequence of the deliberations of these conferences have helped in framing a new judicial policy. In the light of this policy improvements have been made in the trial procedures as well as appointment of the judicial officers. Efforts are also on the anvil to improve qualifications, knowledge, conduct and efficiency of the judicial officers through pre-service and in-service training in the judicial academies. For quick disposal of cases special techniques like recording of evidence through commission and adoption of ADR have been employed.To bring transparency in the judicial proceedings and eradication of corruption, policy of zero tolerance has been adopted. The performance of judicial officers and court staff is strictly monitored and the High Courts have dismissed a number of judges and court staff involved in the corrupt practices. Furthermore committees have been constituted comprising Chief Justice Peshawar High Court, Chief Justice Islamabad High Court and Registrar Supreme Court of Pakistan to review the performance of Criminal District Coordination Committee and suggest measures for curbing corruption amongst the Para legal staff. The National Judicial Policy has also set certain goals to consider the cases of deserving under-trial prisoners and convicts to extend the benefits of Probation Ordinance 1960 and Good Conduct Prisoners Probation Release Act 1926 and more than 40,000 prisoners have been released on probation under this arrangement. Similarly to check inordinate delays in the submission of challans by the police the district police officers have been directed to ensure the submission of challans within the prescribed statutory period. Under this policy action has been taken against more than sixteen thousand delinquent officers. The National Judicial Conference have now become an annual feature to ensure a sustained process of review and reform in the judicial system. The convening of the international judicial conference at this juncture will certainly benefit our judicial system. |
Effects and mechanisms of melatonin on the proliferation and neural differentiation of PC12 cells.
Melatonin, a lipophilic molecule that is mainly synthesized in the pineal gland, performs various neuroprotective functions. However, the detailed role and mechanisms of promoting neuronal differentiation remains limited. This study demonstrated that 10 μM melatonin led to significant increases in the proliferation and neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Increased expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2, a neuron-specific protein) was also observed. However, luzindole (melatonin receptor antagonist) and PD98059 (MEK inhibitor) attenuated these increases. LY294002 (AKT inhibitor) inhibited melatonin-mediated proliferation in PC12 cells and did not affect melatonin-induced neural differentiation. The expression of p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 was increased by melatonin treatment for 14 days in PC12 cells, whereas luzindole or PD98059 reduced the melatonin-induced increase. These results suggest that the activation of both the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways could potentially contribute to melatonin-mediated proliferation, but that only the MEK/ERK pathway participates in the melatonin-induced neural differentiation of PC12 cells. Altogether, our study demonstrates for the first time that melatonin may exert a positive effect on neural differentiation via melatonin receptor signalling and that the MEK/ERK1/2 signalling may act down stream from the melatonin pathway. |
Well control
Well control is the technique used in oil and gas operations such as drilling, well workover and well completion for maintaining the hydrostatic pressure and formation pressure to prevent the influx of formation fluids into the wellbore. This technique involves the estimation of formation fluid pressures, the strength of the subsurface formations and the use of casing and mud density to offset those pressures in a predictable fashion. Understanding pressure and pressure relationships is important in well control.
The aim of oil operations is to complete all tasks in a safe and efficient manner without detrimental environmental effects. This aim can only be achieved if well control is maintained at all times. The understanding of pressure and pressure relationships are important in preventing blowouts by experienced personnel who are able to detect when the well is kicking and take proper and prompt actions.
Fluid pressure
The fluid is any substance that flows; e.g., oil, water, gas and ice are all examples of fluids. Under extreme pressure and temperature, almost anything acts as a fluid. Fluids exert pressure, and this pressure comes from the density and height of the fluid column. Oil companies typically measure density in pounds per gallon (ppg) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3) and pressure measurement in pounds per square inch (psi) or bar or pascal (Pa). Pressure increases with fluid density. To find out the amount of pressure fluid of a known density exerts per unit length, the pressure gradient is used. The pressure gradient is defined as the pressure increase per unit of depth due to its density and it is usually measured in pounds per square inch per foot or bars per meter. It is expressed mathematically as;
.
The conversion factor used to convert density to pressure is 0.052 in Imperial system and 0.0981 in Metric system.
Hydrostatic pressure
Hydro means water, or fluid, that exerts pressure and static means not moving or at rest. Therefore, hydrostatic pressure is the total fluid pressure created by the weight of a column of fluid, acting on any given point in a well. In oil and gas operations, it is represented mathematically as
or
.
The true vertical depth is the distance that a well reaches below ground. The measured depth is the length of the well including any angled or horizontal sections. Consider two wells, X and Y. Well X has a measured depth of 9,800 ft and a true vertical depth of 9,800 ft while well Y has measured depth of 10,380 ft while its true vertical depth is 9,800 ft. To calculate the hydrostatic pressure of the bottom hole, the true vertical depth is used because gravity acts (pulls) vertically down the hole.
Formation pressure
Formation pressure is the pressure of the fluid within the pore spaces of the formation rock. This pressure can be affected by the weight of the overburden (rock layers) above the formation, which exerts pressure on both the grains and pore fluids. Grains are solid or rock material, while pores are spaces between grains. If pore fluids are free to move or escape, the grains lose some of their support and move closer together. This process is called consolidation. Depending on the magnitude of the pore pressure, it is described as normal, abnormal or subnormal.
Normal
Normal pore pressure or formation pressure is equal to the hydrostatic pressure of formation fluid extending from the surface to the surface formation being considered. In other words, if the structure was opened and allowed to fill a column whose length is equal to the depth of the formation, then the pressure at the bottom of the column is similar to the formation pressure and the pressure at the surface is equal to zero. Normal pore pressure is not constant. Its magnitude varies with the concentration of dissolved salts, type of fluid, gases present and temperature gradient.
When a normally pressured formation is raised toward the surface while prevented from losing pore fluid in the process, it changes from normal pressure (at a greater depth) to abnormal pressure (at a shallower depth). When this happens, and then one drills into the formation, mud weights of up to 20 ppg (2397 kg/m ³) may be required for control. This process accounts for many of the shallow, abnormally pressured zones in the world. In areas where faulting is present, salt layers or domes are predicted, or excessive geothermal gradients are known, drilling operations may encounter abnormal pressure.
Abnormal
Abnormal pore pressure is defined as any pore pressure that is greater than the hydrostatic pressure of the formation fluid occupying the pore space. It is sometimes called overpressure or geopressure. An abnormally pressured formation can often be predicted using well history, surface geology, downhole logs or geophysical surveys.
Subnormal
Subnormal pore pressure is defined as any formation pressure that is less than the corresponding fluid hydrostatic pressure at a given depth. Subnormally pressured formations have pressure gradients lower than fresh water or less than 0.433 psi/ft (0.0979 bar/m). Naturally occurring subnormal pressure can develop when the overburden has been stripped away, leaving the formation exposed at the surface. Depletion of original pore fluids through evaporation, capillary action, and dilution produce hydrostatic gradients below 0.433 psi/ft (0.0979 bar/m). Subnormal pressures may also be induced through depletion of formation fluids. If Formation Pressure < Hydrostatic pressure, then it is under pressure. If Formation Pressure > Hydrostatic pressure then it is overpressured.
Fracture pressure
Fracture pressure is the amount of pressure it takes to permanently deform the rock structure of a formation. Overcoming formation pressure is usually not sufficient to cause fracturing. If more fluid is free to move, a slow rate of entry into the formation will not cause fractures. If pore fluid cannot move out of the way, fracturing and permanent deformation of the formation can occur. Fracture pressure can be expressed as a gradient (psi/ft), a fluid density equivalent (ppg), or by calculated total pressure at the formation (psi). Fracture gradients normally increase with depth due to increasing overburden pressure. Deep, highly compacted formations can require high fracture pressures to overcome the existing formation pressure and resisting rock structure. Loosely compacted formations, such as those found offshore in deep water, can fracture at low gradients (a situation exacerbated by the fact that some of total "overburden" up the surface is sea water rather than the heavier rock that would be present in an otherwise-comparable land well). Fracture pressures at any given depth can vary widely because of the area's geology.
Bottom hole pressure
Bottom hole pressure is used to represent the sum of all the pressures being exerted at the bottom of the hole. The pressure is imposed on the walls of the hole. The hydrostatic fluid column accounts for most of the pressure, but the pressure to move fluid up the annulus also acts on the walls. In larger diameters, this annular pressure is small, rarely exceeding 200 psi (13.79 bar). In smaller diameters, it can be 400 psi (27.58 bar) or higher. Backpressure or pressure held on the choke further increases bottom hole pressure, which can be estimated by adding up all the known pressures acting in, or on, the annular (casing) side. Bottom hole pressure can be estimated during the following activities
Static well
If no fluid is moving, the well is static. The bottom hole pressure (BHP) is equal to the hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the annular side. If shut in on a kick, bottom hole pressure is equal to the hydrostatic pressure in the annulus plus the casing (wellhead or surface pressure) pressure.
Normal circulation
During circulation, the bottom hole pressure is equal to the hydrostatic pressure on the annular side plus the annular pressure loss (APL).
Rotating head
During circulating with a rotating head the bottom hole pressure is equal to the hydrostatic pressure on the annular side, plus the annular pressure loss, plus the rotating head backpressure.
Circulating a kick out
Bottom hole pressure is equal to hydrostatic pressure on the annular side, plus annular pressure loss, plus choke (casing) pressure. For subsea, add choke line pressure loss.
Formation integrity test
An accurate evaluation of a casing cement job as well as of the formation is important during the drilling and subsequent phases. The Information resulting from Formation Integrity Tests (FIT) is used throughout the life of the well and for nearby wells. Casing depths, well control options, formation fracture pressures and limiting fluid weights may be based on this information. To determine formation strength and integrity, a Leak Off Test (LOT) or a Formation Integrity Test (FIT) may be performed.
The FIT is: a method of checking the cement seal between the casing and the formation. The LOT determines the pressure and/or fluid weight the test zone below the casing can sustain. The fluid in the well must be circulated clean to ensure it is of a known and consistent density. If mud is used, it must be properly conditioned and gel strengths minimized. The pump used should be a high-pressure, low-volume test, or cementing pump. Rig pumps can be used if the rig has electric drives on the mud pumps, and they can be slowly rolled over. If the rig pump must be used and the pump cannot be easily controlled at low rates, then the leak-off technique must be modified. It is a good idea to make a graph of the pressure versus time or volume for all leak-off tests.
The main reasons for performing FIT are:
To investigate the strength of the cement bond around the casing shoe and to ensure that no communication is established with higher formations.
To determine the fracture gradient around the casing shoe and therefore establish the upper limit of the primary well control for the open hole section below the current casing.
To investigate well bore capability to withstand pressure below the casing shoe in order to test the well engineering plan regarding the casing shoe setting depth.
U-tube concepts
It is often helpful to visualize the well as a U-shaped tube. Column Y of the tube represents the annulus, and column X represents the pipe (string) in the well. The bottom of the U-tube represents the bottom of the well. In most cases, fluids create hydrostatic pressure in both the pipe and annulus. Atmospheric pressure can be omitted since it works the same on both columns. If the fluid in both the pipe and annulus are of the same density, hydrostatic pressures would be equal, and the fluid would be static on both sides of the tube. If the fluid in the annulus is heavier, it will exert more pressure downward and will flow into the string, pushing some of the lighter fluid out of the string, causing a flow at the surface. The fluid level then falls in the annulus, equalizing pressures. Given a difference in the hydrostatic pressures, the fluid will try to reach a balanced point. This is called U-tubing, and it explains why there is often a flow from the pipe when making connections. This is often evident when drilling fast because the effective density in the annulus is increased by cuttings.
Equivalent circulating densities
The Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) is defined as the increase in density due to friction, normally expressed in pounds per gallon. Equivalent Circulating Density (when forward circulating) is defined as the apparent fluid density that results from adding annular friction to the actual fluid density in the well.
or ECD = MW +( p/1.4223*TVD(M)
Where:
ECD = Equivalent circulating density (ppg)
Pa = Difference between annular pressure at surface & annular pressure at depth TVD (psi)
TVD = True vertical depth (ft)
MW = Mud weight (ppg)
When the drilling mud is under static condition (no circulation), pressure at any point is only due to drilling mud weight and is given by:-
Pressure under static condition =
0.052 * Mud weight (in ppg) * TVD (in feet)
During circulation, the pressure applied is due to drilling mud weight and also due to the pressure applied by the mud pumps to circulate the drilling fluid.
Pressure under circulating condition
= Pressure under static condition
+ Pressure due to pumping at that point or pressure loss in the system
If we convert pressure under circulating condition in the annulus to its density equivalent it will be called ECD
Dividing the above equation by 0.052*TVD into both sides:-
ECD = (Pressure under static condition + Annular pressure loss) / (0.052 * TVD)
ECD = MW + Annular pressure loss / (0.052 * TVD)
using (Pressure under static condition = 0.052 * TVD * MW)
Pipe surge/swab
During trips (up/down) the drill string acts as a large piston, when moving down it increases the pressure below the drill string and forces the drilling fluid into the formation which is termed as surge. Similarly, while moving up, there is a low-pressure zone created below the drill string, which sucks the formation fluid into the wellbore, which is called swab.
The total pressure acting on the wellbore is affected by pipe movement upwards or downwards. Tripping pipe into and out of a well is another common operation during completions and workovers. Unfortunately, statistics indicate that most kicks occur during trips. Therefore, understanding the basic concepts of tripping is a major concern in completion/workover operations.
Downward movement of tubing (tripping in) creates a pressure that is exerted on the bottom of a well. As the tubing is entering a well, the fluid in the well must move upward to exit the volume consumed by the tubing. The combination of the downward movement of the tubing and the upward movement of the fluid (or piston effect) results in an increase in pressure throughout the well. This increase in pressure is commonly called Surge pressure.
Upward movement of the tubing (tripping out) also affects the pressure at the bottom of the well. When pulling pipe, the fluid must move downward and replace the volume occupied by the tubing. The net effect of the upward and downward movements creates a decrease in bottom hole pressure. This decrease in pressure is referred to as Swab pressure. Both surge and swab pressures are affected by:
Velocity of the pipe, or tripping speed
Fluid density
Fluid viscosity
Fluid gel strength
Well bore geometry (annular clearance between tools and casing, tubing open-ended or closed off)
The faster pipe moves, the greater the surge and swab effects. The greater the fluid density, viscosity and gel strength, the greater the surge and swab. Finally, the downhole tools such as packers and scrapers, which have small annular clearance, also increase surge and swab effects. Determination of actual surge and swab pressures can be accomplished with the use of WORKPRO and DRILPRO calculator programs or hydraulics manuals.
Differential pressure
In well control, differential pressure is defined as the difference between the formation pressure and the bottom hole hydrostatic pressure. These are classified as overbalanced, underbalanced or balanced.
Overbalanced – The hydrostatic pressure exerted on the bottom of the hole is greater than the formation pressure. i.e. HP > FP
Underbalanced – The hydrostatic pressure exerted on the bottom of the hole is less than the formation pressure. i.e. HP < FP
Balanced – The hydrostatic pressure exerted on the bottom of the hole is equal to the formation pressure. i.e. HP = FP
Cuttings change: shape, size, amount, type
Cuttings are rock fragments chipped, scraped or crushed away from a formation by the action of the drill bit. The size, shape, and amount of cuttings depend largely on formation type, weight on the bit, bit sharpness and the pressure differential (formation versus fluid hydrostatic pressures). The size of the cuttings usually decreases as the bit dulls during drilling if the weight on bit, formation type and the pressure differential, remain constant. However, if the pressure differential changes (formation pressure increases), even a dull bit could cut more effectively, and the size, shape, and amount of cuttings could increase.
Kick
Kick is defined as an undesirable influx of formation fluid into the wellbore. If left unchecked, a kick can develop into a blowout (an uncontrolled influx of formation fluid into the wellbore). The result of failing to control a kick leads to lost operation time, loss of well and quite possibly, the loss of the rig and lives of personnel.
Causes
Once the hydrostatic pressure is less than the formation pore pressure, formation fluid can flow into the well. This can happen when one or a combination of the following occurs:
Improper hole fill up
Insufficient mud density
Swabbing/surging
Lost circulation
Abnormal formation pressure
Gas cut mud
Poor well planning
Improper hole fill up
When tripping out of the hole, the volume of the removed pipe results in a corresponding decrease in the wellbore fluid. Whenever the fluid level in the hole decreases, the hydrostatic pressure that it exerts also decreases and if the decrease in hydrostatic pressure falls below the formation pore pressure, the well may flow. Therefore, the hole must be filled to maintain sufficient hydrostatic pressure to control formation pressure. During tripping, the pipe could be dry or wet depending on the conditions. The API7G illustrates the methodology for calculating accurate pipe displacement and gives correct charts and tables. The volume to fill the well when tripping dry pipe out is:
To calculate the volume to fill the well when tripping wet pipe out is given as;
In some wells, monitoring fill-up volumes on trips can be complicated by loss through perforations. The wells may stand full of fluid initially, but over time the fluid seeps into the reservoir. In such wells, the fill-up volume always exceeds the calculated or theoretical volume of the pipe removed from the well. In some fields, wells have low reservoir pressures and will not support a full column of fluid. In these wells filling the hole with fluid is essentially impossible unless sort of bridging agent is used to temporarily bridge off the subnormally pressured zone. The common practice is to pump the theoretical fill-up volume while pulling out of the well.
Insufficient mud (fluid) density
The mud in the wellbore must exert enough hydrostatic pressure to equal the formation pore pressure. If the fluid's hydrostatic pressure is less than formation pressure the well can flow. The most common reason for insufficient fluid density is drilling into unexpected abnormally pressured formations. This situation usually arises when unpredicted geological conditions are encountered. Such as drilling across a fault that abruptly changes the formation being drilled.
Mishandling mud at the surface accounts for many instances of insufficient fluid weight. Such as opening the wrong valve on the pump suction manifold and allowing a tank of lightweight fluid to be pumped; bumping the water valve so more is added than intended; washing off shale shakers; or clean-up operations. All of these can affect mud weight.
Swabbing /Surging
Swabbing is as a result of the upward movement of pipe in a well and results in a decrease in bottom hole pressure. In some cases, the bottom hole pressure reduction can be large enough to cause the well to go underbalanced and allow formation fluids to enter the wellbore. The initial swabbing action compounded by the reduction in hydrostatic pressure (from formation fluids entering the well) can lead to a significant reduction in bottom hole pressure and a larger influx of formation fluids. Therefore, early detection of swabbing on trips is critical to minimizing the size of a kick.
Many wellbore conditions increase the likelihood of swabbing on a trip. Swabbing (piston) action is enhanced when the pipe is pulled too fast. Poor fluid properties, such as high viscosity and gel strengths, also increase the chances of swabbing a well in. Additionally, large outside diameter (OD) tools (packers, scrapers, fishing tools, etc.) enhance the piston effect.
These conditions need to be recognized in order to decrease the likelihood of swabbing a well in during completion/workover operations. As mentioned earlier, there are several computer and calculator programs that can estimate surge and swab pressures. Swabbing is detected by closely monitoring hole fill-up volumes during trips. For example, if three barrels of steel (tubing) are removed from the well and it takes only two barrels of fluid to fill the hole, then a one barrel kick has probably been swabbed into the wellbore. Special attention should be paid to hole fill-up volumes since statistics indicate that most kicks occur on trips.
Lost circulation
Another cause of kick during completion/workover operations is lost circulation. Loss of
circulation leads to a drop of both the fluid level and hydrostatic pressure in a well. If the
hydrostatic pressure falls below the reservoir pressure, the well kicks. Three main causes of lost circulation are:
Excessive pressure overbalance
Excessive surge pressure
Poor formation integrity
Abnormal pressure
In case of drilling a wildcat or exploratory well (often the formation pressures are not known accurately) the bit suddenly penetrates into an abnormal pressure formation resulting the hydrostatic pressure of mud become less than the formation pressure and cause a kick.
Gas cut mud
When the gas is circulated to the surface, it expands and reduces the hydrostatic pressure sufficient to allow a kick. Although the mud density is reduced considerably at the surface, the hydrostatic pressure is not reduced significantly since the gas expansion occurs near surface and not at the bottom.
Poor well planning
The fourth cause of kick is poor planning. The mud and casing programs bear on well control. These programs must be flexible enough to allow progressively deeper casing strings to be set; otherwise a situation may arise where it is not possible to control kicks or lost circulation.
Methods
During drilling, kicks are usually killed using the Driller's, Engineer's or a hybrid method called Concurrent, while forward circulating. The choice will depend on:
the amount and type of kick fluids in the well
the rig's equipment capabilities
the minimum fracture pressure in the open hole
the drilling and operating companies well control policies.
For workover or completion operations, other methods are often used. Bullheading is a common way to kill a well during workovers and completions operations but is not often used while drilling. Reverse circulation is another kill method used for workovers that are not used for drilling.
See also
Blowout (well drilling)
Blowout preventer
Oil well
Oil well control
References
Category:Oil wells
Category:Petroleum production |
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Tamil Nadu: Pavai ENT private hospital accused of medical negligence
Tamil Nadu: The death of a 5-year old at the Pavai ENT Hospital has led to the parents accusing the hospital of medical negligence. The boy was reportedly suffering from severe pain in his ears before being rushed to the said hospital. After being clinically administered there with injections and medicines, the patient allegedly died during the treatment. His body is now at the Coimbatore Medical College and Hospital (CMCH) for postmortem.
The parents were left in shock when the hospital authorities at CMCH informed them of their son’s demise. They initially did not accept the body of their child for reasoning death due to gross negligence (of Pavai ENT hospital) and urging for a stringent action by the police on the matter. Only after being pacified by the police, did they accept their child’s body.
M Deepak, the 5-year old boy was a UKG student in a private school. He hails from Palani Konar Street in Velandipalayam. K Murugan, 33, and his wife M Sudha, 26 are his parents. He had two siblings M Eswaran, 7, and M Deepak, confirmed the police to TOI.
The ground facts reported on the case confirm that Deepak was suffering with severe pain in his ears for many days before being rushed to the Paavai ENT hospital, when it became unbearable. The initial treatment by the doctors involved cleaning of his ears as wax had accumulated inside. The doctors also gave him two injections, along with a paracetmol and an antibiotic.
The child fainted few minutes after being injected. The doctors then injected a steroid. However, his pulse rate dropped in a drastic way. He was again rushed to CMCH for advanced treatment, then declared brought dead on arrival.
The child’s father in his official (implied) statement to the media reasoned the death of his son as a case of medical negligence. He also demanded action against the doctors involved in the alleged wrong treatment of his son.
The parents and other relatives of the boy demanded action from the district collectorate, against the doctors. They also want Chennai doctors to conduct the postmortem.
They also approached CMCH dean, A Edwin Joe. “They sought permission to videograph the postmortem. I clearly told them that only the Madras high court could give them this approval. If they want a team of doctors from Chennai to conduct the postmortem, they would have to get an order from the court,” told the dean to TOI. Only later, did they allow CMCH to organise the postmortem.
The founder of Paavai hospital, Dr M Illangovan implied that the boy continued to suffer from pain after doctors cleaned his wax. Doctors also tested the boy for allergies before administering injections. There are cases where people also faint due to heart and liver problems. Only postmortem will determine the exact cause of the patients death.
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By Maria Saporta
A real life tug-of-war is playing out at the Fort McPherson Local Redevelopment Authority.
At stake is the future development of 144 acres of the 480-acre property that once was the Fort McPherson army base in southwest Atlanta.
The most pressing issue is for the Fort Mac LRA board to meet and approve the sale of the FORSCOM building to Easterly Government Properties for $17 million.
The building is supposed to become the new Atlanta lab for the Federal Drug Administration, a move of 350 well-paying jobs from Midtown to Fort Mac – a deal scheduled to close on Aug. 15.
Yet the board has failed to vote on the sale at its two meetings (held in July). So a board meeting had been scheduled for Aug. 8 at 1 p.m. to approve the deal.
Then on July 31, Alan Ferguson, who had just been tapped to serve as the interim executive director of the agency to replace Brian Hooker, sent out an email to the board saying:
Please be advised the August 8th Board meeting will be postponed and rescheduled for the week of August 26th. The postponement will allow staff time to prepare materials and information relevant to pending development and operational recommendations that will be submitted to the Board for approval consideration.
That hit a nerve with Cassius Butts, who has been the chairman of the Fort Mac LRA board since October, 2018. He quickly sent Ferguson an email that afternoon.
Alan,
Per our conversation, I realize that you are new to this interim role. However, you do not have the authority to schedule, reschedule or cancel a board meeting. Per our operating documents, only the Chair can make this request and I did not.
Given that this notification has already taken place and board members have already begun to make changes to their schedules; please set up a new board meeting during the week of August 26th.
My apologies to everyone for any inconvenience that this might have caused.
Cassius F. Butts
Chair, Fort Mac LRA
According to people close to situation, there has been great confusion over who is calling the shots when even the board chair was not consulted.
That led Butts, who had been serving in a volunteer role, to submit his resignation to Gov. Brian Kemp on Aug. 1. The Fort Mac LRA board chair is a gubernatorial appointment because the LRA is a state agency. But that’s not readily apparent to the public. All signs point to the city of Atlanta – and specifically its mayors – who have exerted almost total control over the authority.
In his letter to Gov. Kemp, Butts alluded to differences of opinion surrounding the future of Fort Mac.
It is critical that the Chair of the LRA have the capacity to support the vision and direction of the Authority. Unfortunately, I am no longer able to do so.
According to people close to Butts, the former regional head of the Small Business Administration under President Barack Obama, was concerned that his reputation could be tainted by possible shenanigans between City Hall and the Fort Mac LRA board.
(Coincidentally, another board member – Lisa Smith of Georgia Power – also submitted her resignation the same day, but that was because her job is moving her to Columbus. She has agreed to stay on the Fort Mac LRA board until the end of August so there will be enough members to vote on proposals).
So what’s up? Why is the Fort Mac LRA dragging its feet on the Easterly/FDA deal?
And why is the authority holding up approving the Macauley master development plan of 144 acres on the Fort Mac property?
The short answer likely can be traced back to Tyler Perry, who bought 330 acres of treasured Fort Mac property for a bargain-basement price of $30 million – a deal orchestrated by former Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed.
People familiar with the goings-on at Fort Mac (and much of this has been confirmed in disclosed texts between city and Fort Mac officials), Perry wants to take over both the FORSCOM building and the 144 acres. In fact, Perry had made an offer for the FORSCOM building about two years ago, and offered less than half what Easterly is offering.
Still there are forces at the city who seem to be placing pressure on the Fort Mac LRA board to scuttle both Easterly/FDA deal and the $700 million master development plan that Macauley has been working on for the past two years.
The pro-Perry pressure has been coming from Atlanta Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms (who has been vacationing at her home on Martha’s Vineyard), and more specifically, her confidante – Alvin Kendall, an attorney with a checkered past who appears to be exerting tremendous influence over City Hall – without a defined portfolio or official position.
Apparently, the move to cancel the Aug. 8 board meeting and possibly scuttle the Easterly/FDA deal has infuriated several Fort Mac LRA board members. And there is a rumor the Aug. 8 meeting is back on.
So I sent an email to Alan Ferguson on Sunday to find out when the next Fort Mac LRA meeting will be.
“I can’t confirm a date at this moment,” Ferguson responded immediately. “As soon as we have a confirmed date, we will make it public.”
Then I asked Ferguson to explain why he canceled the Aug. 8 meeting without checking with the board chairman. And I also asked him who had directed him to cancel the board meeting.
No response.
So let me boil down what I think is going on.
There’s a tug-of-war between those who want to move forward with both the Easterly/FDA plus the Macauley development and those who want to scuttle those deals in favor of Tyler Perry Studios.
Complicating the situation is that the Fort Mac LRA has run out of money.
It needs the $17 million from the Easterly/FDA sale to pay its bills. And if the Easterly/FDA deal moves forward, that increases the chances of the Macauley deal. The FDA decided to move to Fort Mac with the understanding the surrounding area would be developed according to the Macauley plan.
If the Tyler Perry subordinates succeed in killing both of the time-sensitive Easterly/FDA and Macauley deals, then we’re destined to have several years of uncertainty combined with a high likelihood of litigation from the betrayed parties.
It also would not surprise me if the controversy also catches the eye of the U.S. District Attorney’s office as well as state of Georgia officials, who ultimately are responsible for what happens at Fort Mac.
No matter what, it’s a mess – and it keeps getting messier.
A few recent SaportaReport stories and columns on Fort Mac:
https://saportareport.com/fort-mac-redevelopment-leader-resigns/
July 24
https://saportareport.com/questions-surround-future-of-fort-mac-redevelopment/
July 22
https://saportareport.com/fort-mac-board-meets-but-no-decision-yet-on-development-agreement/
July 11
https://saportareport.com/the-sad-saga-of-fort-mac-continues-same-stuff-different-day/
July 1 |
Union Home Ministry does not know the definition of the word ‘Hindu’. In reply to an RTI query by Neemuch resident Chandrashekhar Gaur, the Ministry said it does not know the definition of the word Hindu.
“To my query under RTI about the meaning and definition of the word Hindu in the light of the Indian Constitution and the law, the Home Ministry in its reply on July 31 said the Central Public Information Officer (CPIO) doesn’t have information regarding it,” said Mr. Gaur, a resident of Neemuch district in Madhya Pradesh.
Mr. Gaur had also sought to know on what grounds a community was considered Hindu, and why Hindus were considered to be a majority community.
The government’s reply was baffling, he said.
“If the government doesn’t know the meaning and definition of the word Hindu, on what basis did it enact the Hindu Marriage Act?” he questioned. |
Coxsackieviral replication and pathogenicity: lessons from gene modified animal models.
Coxsackieviruses have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human myocarditis and some forms of dilated cardiomyopathy. A considerable portion of our knowledge about the pathophysiology of viral heart disease is derived from animal studies. In particular, investigations utilising gene-targeted mice provide valuable new insights into various aspects of viral pathogenicity and host factors involved in the control of viral replication. This review focuses on models in cell culture and transgenic animals mimicking coxsackieviral persistence, demonstrating that remarkably low persisting levels of replication-restricted coxsackieviral genomes are associated with an induction of a cytopathic effect in cardiac myocytes, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy in a transgenic mouse model. In this particular animal model, a phenotype is revealed which closely resembles the major hallmarks of human dilated cardiomyopathy. The impact of the innate immune system on coxsackieviral replication is demonstrated by studies in gene-targeted mice deficient of either type I or type II interferon signalling, which have indicated that type I but not type II interferons are essential for the control of early viral replication and survival of coxsackieviral infection. |
INTRODUCTION
============
Acute low back pain can be cured in 10--12 weeks by conservative treatment ([@b18-jer-12-5-471]). However, 60%--75% of Korean patients who recovered from acute back pain have experiences of recurrence, 7%--10% of those have somatoform disorders caused by chronic low back pain (CLBP) ([@b11-jer-12-5-471]). The result was reported that to reduce low back pain (LBP), exercise for muscle strengthen of lumbosacral part therapy is more effective to stabilize pelvic than physical therapy or pharmacotherapy which could be passive treatment ([@b2-jer-12-5-471]). It is common fact that sling exercise may reduce the pain by increase space of intervertebral disc (IVD) ([@b13-jer-12-5-471]), however, LBP may recur and increase the pain when muscular strength of lumbosacral part is weakened ([@b19-jer-12-5-471]). Therefore, [@b12-jer-12-5-471] announced focusing on the normal spinal alignment recovery is more appropriate to recover CLBP than recovery of muscular strength.
If the spinal alignment over the normal range, the pain in particular part could be occurred by localized compression in vertebrae joint and IVD ([@b14-jer-12-5-471]). According to the increase of sedentary lifestyles, lumbosacral-pelvic sagittal alignment (LSA) over of normal range and also patient who complained of LBP is increasing recently ([@b14-jer-12-5-471]).
When the lumber intervertebral are outside the normal range, the spinal nerve near the vertebral is stimulated by lumber IVD and it cause the pain. Therefore, for the accurate assessment the study that observing the IVD area of lumber and lumbosacral IVD angle is needed.
Therefore, this study was conducted to find the effect of sling exercise on rehabilitation of normal range of angle. The study involved women with a high risk of CLBP. The change of lumbosacral IVD area and angle of the participants were observed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
=====================
Research participants
---------------------
The subjects of this study was the patients who did not get spiral surgery or did not have fracture, tumor, inflammation, metabolic disease in Ho hospital which is located in Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The patients were divided into a sling exercise group (SEG, n=34), whose mean age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 43.61±10.27 years, 161.11±3.37 cm, 56.74±4.31 kg, and 21.85±1.41 kg/m^2^, respectively, and a general physical therapy group (PTG, n=23), whose mean age, height, weight, and BMI were 45.08±10.43 years, 161.39±3.37 cm, 58.62±5.42 kg, and 22.48±1.52 kg/m^2^, respectively. There were no significant differences between groups with respect to baseline characteristics. All patients read and signed informed consent forms in accordance with the ethical standard of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Sling exercise and physical therapy program
-------------------------------------------
The two treatment programs, consisting of sling and general physical therapy, were conducted three times a week for 12 weeks. The sling exercise program was part of the trunk and pelvic stability exercise that consisted of 6 movements: stretching of trunk-pelvis, hip-trunk bridging exercise, pelvic tilting exercise (anterior, posterior, and lateral side), low crossed exercise, trunk rotation exercise, Oscillate exercise of trunk-pelvis were carried out through supine position. Each action was performed 10--15 times for one set and repeated 3 times, and there were 90-sec rest time between each set. In the event of pain or muscle paralysis, exercise was suspended. Each action was orally described to the patient. Additionally, 15--20 min in of superficial heating (heat pack) were provided followed by 5 min of ultrasound treatment (SM-250, Samson Med, Seoul, Korea) using a 1 MHz with 5 cm^2^ in sound head at an intensity of 1.5 W/cm^2^ in continuous mode and, 15--20 min of interferential current treatment (SM-850P, Samson Med, Seoul, Korea) at an intensity of 25 mA. The 15--20 min of traction treatment was conducted also when the patients felt extra exercise is needed, light walking was allocated to the patients. The pelvic incedence was measured by plain radiography (R-630-150, Dongkwang, Seoul, Korea) of the lumbar region and magnifying the images 3 times by using a picture archiving and communication system (PACS; Infiniff, Seoul, Korea). Each patient underwent a 30×90--cm lateral radiography of the lumbosacral region, printed on acetate with the individual standing, knees extended, and flexed arms in front. Care was taken to ensure that the radiography included both femoral heads. If the femoral heads did not overlap in the radiograph, the midpoint of the line connecting the isocenter of both femoral heads was taken as a reference point.
The measurement of lumbosacral angle
------------------------------------
The measurement of lumbosacral angle and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed [Fig. 1](#f1-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="fig"}. Using radiography equipment of diagnosis X-ray model 630-125, sagittal lumbosacral part image was scanned by radiation specialist. It was the same way from the study of [@b7-jer-12-5-471]. Each lumber IVD angle was measured from standing position to lumber 1--5. The way of Measurement was to check the angle of intersection between two lines (vertebrae inferior surface of lumber and vertebrae upper surface of lumber). To measure the lumbosacral angle, the angle of intersection between two lines (inferior surface of lumber 5 and upper surface of sacral) was measured.
Magnetic resonance imaging
--------------------------
MRI examinations were carried out in the supine position, lasting between 7 and 10 min. The MRI protocol was performed on a 1.5-T high-definition 16-channel system (GE Medical Systems, Waukesha, WI, USA). The field of view was 71 cm for the sagittal images with an image matrix of 352×320 and a number of excitations was equal to 4. The lumbar images were obtained in separate sections and subsequently fused using the MRI pasting software on the workstation (Advantage Windows, GE Healthcare). All images were stored in DICOM format, exported as uncompressed full-size images (Centricity; GE Healthcare), and imported into LabVIEW for digitization (Professional ver. 10.0; National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA).
These digitized points were interpolated in 1-mm intervals, and these coordinates were used to determine the distance between adjacent vertebral endplates. Digitization was performed by a single operator after extensive training and familiarization. The images derived from the MRI scan were combined to produce a digital three-dimensional representation of lumbar IVDs to determine mean vertical IVD height and to calculate IVD volume.
Visual analog scale
-------------------
A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of LBP. The VAS was developed in 1974 by [@b6-jer-12-5-471]. Subjects check the degrees of subjective pain on a 10-cm line, on which 0 cm indicates "no pain: at the left end and 10 cm indicates "very sever pain" at the fight end. The vas score is determined as the measurement from the left side, with a higher score meaning a more severe pain intensity of the low back.
Research procedures and data analysis
-------------------------------------
Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). All data using Paired and independent *t*-tests were performed for intra and intergroup comparisons, VAS, lumbosacral angle, and IVD area. To evaluate the pre and post change rate in each group. % delta score was calculated, statistical significance was accepted at values of α\<0.05.
RESULTS
=======
This study of results was shown in [Table 1](#t1-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table"}. There were no VAS differences between SEG and PTG but after the treatment, both of SEG and PTG significantly decreased (*t*=22.595, *P*\<0.001) (*t*=18.143, *P*\<0.001). However, there were no L1--2 and L2--3 differences in SEG and PTG. In SEG, L3--4 and L4--5 were considerably increased (*t*=−2.862, *P*\<0.05) (*t*=−3.088, *P*\<0.01), the rate of change in SEG was significantly higher than PTG (*t*=2.090, *P*\<0.05) (*t*=2.076, *P*\<0.05). Also, after treatment, there were considerable differences in the height of IVD between SEG and PTG (*t*=−2.246, *P*\<0.05). The height of IVD was not changed in PTG but after treatment, the height of IVD was increased in SEG (*t*=2.044, *P*\<0.05). The rate of change of SEG was higher than the PTG's (*t*=−2.039, *P*\<0.05). As a result, The IVD volume of SEG was greater compare to PTG (*t*=−2.022, *P*\<0.01).
DISCUSSION
==========
CLBP means pain which lasts more than 12 weeks ([@b16-jer-12-5-471]). The general reason of back pain is compression of spinal nerve by partially herniated IVD. It occurs when the lumbosacral angle, L1 to L5 and S1, was changed ([@b5-jer-12-5-471]). The increase or decrease of lumbosacral lordosis provides the weight bearing to spine and IVD. It causes the compression of neuromuscle, muscle stiffness and disc degeneration ([@b19-jer-12-5-471]). Therefore, recovery to normal lumbosacral angle is the main cause of the reducing LBP ([@b12-jer-12-5-471]).
There were correlation between IVD of lumber and volume. If the volume of IVD is small and low, it increased the pain. Therefore, the improvement of IVD volume is the important factor to recover the pain ([@b4-jer-12-5-471]).
As a result, for CLBP patients, sling exercise and physical therapy both had effect on decreasing VAS. However, there were differences between sling exercise and physical therapy in lumbosacral angle and IVD area. After physical therapy, the lumbosacral angle and IVD area was not changed. However, after sling exercise, angle of L3--4, L--5, and IVD height was increased. Also, IVD height and volume was more improved after sling exercise compare to physical therapy. The sling exercise increases the IVD area and reduces the pain by recovery muscle strength ([@b13-jer-12-5-471]).
This kind of method can relieve pain by stimulating coordination of proprioception sense neuromuscular system which maintain posture ([@b8-jer-12-5-471]). As a result of doing neurac sling exercise which is the vibration stimulus exercise using hanging rope for 12 weeks, it helps to stabilize low back and posture balance and increases neuromuscluer to CLBP patient ([@b8-jer-12-5-471]). Also after doing sling exercise and push-up for 6 weeks, doing both exercise is more effective for LSA than doing only sling exercise ([@b8-jer-12-5-471]).
The results of this study, the IVD height and volume in the CLBP showed significantly lower than the healthy women ([@b10-jer-12-5-471]). However, physical therapy did not change the height and volume of the IVD. But sling exercise was would be able to indicate the height and volume of IVD was improved delayed regression of IVD of lumbar.
Among the intervention treatment for normal spinal alignment of patient with CLBP, the effect of laser, massage and spinal manipulation therapy is temporary. However, aquatic therapy, magnetic therapy, tramscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, Ultrasonic, acupuncture and pilates were reported it has no effect or the effect is unclear ([@b15-jer-12-5-471]).
The exercise therapy for lumbosacral misalignments and recovery of normal lumbosacral angle improves muscle strength and stability of lumbosacral alignment. However, there are various results by types of exercises ([@b1-jer-12-5-471]; [@b3-jer-12-5-471]; [@b17-jer-12-5-471]). When this study and preceding study were combined, the lumbar multifidus strength, lumbosacral angle and IVD were improved by the sling exercise. Therefore, the sling exercise is proper treatment to recover the CLBP of patients.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
![(A) The lumbar and pelvic parameters used in the current study ([@b20-jer-12-5-471]). (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction of an example intervertebral disc (IVD). (C) Mean IVD height was calculated from IVD height in all magnetic resonance imaging slices, and IVD height values were integrated to calculate IVD volume ([@b10-jer-12-5-471]).](jer-12-5-471f1){#f1-jer-12-5-471}
######
The change of VAS, lumbosacral angle, intervertebral disc area by treatments
Variable SEG (n=34) PTG (n=23)
--------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------
VAS (score) Pre 5.82±0.65 6.11±0.84
Post 2.60±0.65[\*\*\*](#tfn7-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"},[b)](#tfn4-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 2.64±0.54[\*\*\*](#tfn7-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"},[b)](#tfn4-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"}
Δ% −56.19±9.62 −54.88±11.54
L1--L2 (°) Pre 4.66±2.44 5.43±1.90
Post 5.19±1.40 6.16±3.71
Δ% 52.84±113.89 23.45±68.43
L2--L3 (°) Pre 7.06±2.72 6.83±2.19
Post 6.79±1.60 6.56±2.58
Δ% 13.59±65.41 0.49±30.32
L3--L4 (°) Pre 8.57±2.39 8.78±3.09
Post 9.40±2.12[\*](#tfn5-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 8.63±2.77
Δ%[a)](#tfn3-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 15.13±31.28 0.28±16.26
L4--L5 (°) Pre 8.54±4.37 10.36±4.92
Post 10.46±2.81[\*\*](#tfn6-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"},[b)](#tfn4-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 9.87±3.44
Δ%[a)](#tfn3-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 56.16±92.73 15.96±58.16
L5--S1 (°) Pre 14.50±5.63 14.15±4.21
Post 14.43±2.76 14.20±3.61
Δ% 50.07±74.33 87.19±195.81
IVD height (mm) Pre 3.90±3.36 3.99±2.81
Post[a)](#tfn3-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 4.01±2.86[\*](#tfn5-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"},[b)](#tfn4-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 3.84±2.80
Δ%[a)](#tfn3-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 0.51±3.20 −1.40±4.51
IVD volume (mm^3^) Pre 1,720.35±265.62 1,680.09±289.39
Post[a)](#tfn3-jer-12-5-471){ref-type="table-fn"} 1,820.04±312.49 1,617.54±277.39
Δ% 9.34±29.49 −0.52±25.31
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
SEG, sling exercise group; PTG, general physical therapy group; VAS, visual analog scale; IVD, intervertebral disc; Δ%, delta score.
Independent *t*-test.
Paired *t*-test.
*P*\<0.05.
*P*\<0.01.
*P*\<0.001.
|
A 2020 U.S. Census undercount could have potentially large ripple effects for everything the census determines — from how congressional seats are distributed around the country to where hundreds of billions of federal dollars are spent.
On Monday, Gov. Steve Sisolak signed an executive order to establish Nevada’s Complete Count Committee, which will oversee all outreach and coordination to ensure that every Nevadan is counted in the 2020 census.
The effort will include a $5 million investment from the governor’s budget to increase education, outreach, and promotional activities for Nevada’s census. Some of the funds will go towards investing in strategies to reach hard-to-count populations and areas.
In February, the Senate Government Affairs Committee introduced Senate Bill 190, with a price tag of $5 million, meant to develop and coordinate an outreach program to increase awareness about and encourage the full participation of Nevadans in the 2020 census to ensure a complete and accurate count of all Nevadans.
“Over the next 17 months, Nevada’s committee will oversee the state’s entire complete count effort to ensure that every Nevadan is counted, every community is adequately represented in our state Legislature and in Congress, and every available dollar goes toward funding services for Nevada’s communities,” Sisolak said.
Worries about a miscount have grown since the Commerce Department, at the Justice Department’s request, approved a question on citizenship to the 2020 census — a move that local critics say could weaken participation by immigrants who fear that the government could use the information against them. Multiple states, cities and organizations are suing the Trump administration to block the change. Nevada is not one of them. The citizenship question was struck down by a federal judge and is awaiting Supreme Court review.
Jeff Hardcastle, the Nevada State Demographer, said an immediate consequence of an undercount would be the state losing out on federal funding. The exact dollar amount of federal funding for the state in 2015 was $1,611 per person.
“For every person not counted the state potentially loses out on $1,611, and that’s every year. For ten years,” Hardcastle said.
Over 16 programs in Nevada are directly tied to federal funds which are distributed every year based on headcount, including Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Section 8 housing, Title 1 grants to local schools, the National School Lunch Program, special education grants, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, and low-income home energy assistance.
In Fiscal Year 2016, data from the 2010 Census resulted in over $6.2 billion appropriated to 55 federal programs in Nevada, said Sisolak, including $2.6 billion for Medicaid, $681 million for SNAP and WIC, $120 million for Title I grants to local school districts, and $357 million for highway planning and construction.
“We simply can’t afford to leave any household uncounted. Success of the census – and a complete and accurate count of every Nevadan – depends on community involvement at every level,” Sisolak said. |
[Determination of coumarins in radix Angelicae Dahuricae before and after processing].
This paper reports the contents of coumarins in Radix Angelicae Dahuricae before and after processing. By CS-930 TLC scanner, the total contents have been determined to be 0.190%, 0.571%, 0.178% and 0.421% respectively. |
/* -*- c++ -*- (enables emacs c++ mode) */
/*===========================================================================
Copyright (C) 2004-2012 Yves Renard
This file is a part of GETFEM++
Getfem++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version along with the GCC Runtime Library
Exception either version 3.1 or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
License and GCC Runtime Library Exception for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
As a special exception, you may use this file as it is a part of a free
software library without restriction. Specifically, if other files
instantiate templates or use macros or inline functions from this file,
or you compile this file and link it with other files to produce an
executable, this file does not by itself cause the resulting executable
to be covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License. This exception
does not however invalidate any other reasons why the executable file
might be covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License.
===========================================================================*/
#ifndef GMM_PRECOND_H
#define GMM_PRECOND_H
#include "gmm_kernel.h"
/** @file gmm_precond.h
@author Yves Renard <Yves.Renard@insa-lyon.fr>
@date March 29, 2004.
@brief gmm preconditioners.
*/
/* Preconditioner concept : */
/* */
/* A the matrix, P the preconditioner PA well conditioned. */
/* PRECOND precontioner type. */
/* mult(P, v, w) : w <- P v */
/* transposed_mult(P, v, w) : w <- transposed(P) v */
/* left_mult(P, v, w) : see qmr solver */
/* right_mult(P, v, w) : see qmr solver */
/* transposed_left_mult(P, v, w) : see qmr solver */
/* transposed_right_mult(P, v, w) : see qmr solver */
/* */
/* PRECOND P() : empty preconditioner. */
/* PRECOND P(A, ...) : preconditioner for the matrix A, with optional */
/* parameters */
/* PRECOND(...) : empty precondtioner with parameters set. */
/* P.build_with(A) : build a precondtioner for A. */
/* */
/* *********************************************************************** */
#endif
|
North Bend, Washington
North Bend is a city in King County, Washington, United States, on the outskirts of the Seattle metropolitan area. The population was 5,731 at the 2010 census and an estimated 7,136 in 2018.
Since the closure of Weyerhaeuser's Snoqualmie sawmill, North Bend has become a prosperous bedroom community for Seattle, located about to the west. The town was made famous by David Lynch's television series Twin Peaks, which was partially filmed in North Bend. The community is also home to Nintendo North Bend, the main North American production facility and distribution center for the video game console manufacturer Nintendo.
History
The Snoqualmie Indian Tribe has resided in the Snoqualmie Prairie, including the area now known as North Bend, for thousands of years. This prairie southeast of Snoqualmie Falls was the ancestral home, hunting and forage grounds for the Snoqualmie people and was located in the upper Snoqualmie Valley near the Snoqualmie River fork confluence, Mount Si, and the western foothills of the Cascade Range.
One of the first explorers to the upper Snoqualmie Valley was Samuel Hancock who arrived in 1851. Hancock traveled upriver with his Snoqualmie guides, fording canoes around the falls to reach Snoqualmie Prairie, searching for coal deposits. He was taken to a "very extensive and fertile prairie" about two miles above Snoqualmie Falls. The beautiful open grassland came to be known as the Snoqualmie Prairie, the heart of which is now known as Tollgate and Meadowbrook farms. The Snoqualmies, led by Chief Patkanim, later sided with early settlers in the 1850s Indian Wars and were one of the signatory tribes of the Treaty of Point Elliott in 1855, which failed to designate an Indian reservation for the Snoqualmies. Some of the soldiers in those wars, such as the brothers and sisters Kellogg, established cabins near remaining Snoqualmie blockhouses; however, the first permanent American resident in the valley was Jeremiah Borst, who arrived in 1858.
After the Homestead Act of 1862, more settlers ventured to the Snoqualmie Valley, with the first families settling near Borst on the easterly end of Snoqualmie Prairie. In 1865, Matts Peterson homesteaded the site that ultimately became North Bend. In 1879, Peterson sold the property to Borst and moved east of the Cascades. Borst wrote to Will Taylor, who had left the Pacific Northwest to pursue mining in California, and offered him the Peterson homestead in exchange for labor. Taylor returned and became the driving force in developing the town while expanding his property to include a thriving trading post and boarding house for travelers over Snoqualmie Pass. On February 16, 1889, with the upcoming railroad boom, Taylor formally platted a town including his farm, upcoming street plans and building lots, giving it the name "Snoqualmie". Later that summer, competing Seattle land speculators subsequently platted nearby "Snoqualmie Falls", choosing a similar name. Pressured by demands of the Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway to avoid confusion, Taylor reluctantly renamed his town "Mountain View". However, the U.S. Post Office Department objected to "Mountain View", as a town with that name already existed in northern Whatcom County. To conclude the matter Taylor agreed to permanently rename the community "North Bend", after its prime location near the large northward bend of the South and Middle Fork of the Snoqualmie River. Taylor was proud of his new, thriving town, but by historical accounts, "He never got over having his town name taken away." North Bend was officially incorporated on March 12, 1909, and grew throughout the 20th century, with an early economic focus on logging, sawmill production, agricultural and dairy farming.
Geography
North Bend is located near the geographic center of King County at (47.493831, -121.786247). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which are land and are water.
North Bend is located in the foothills of the Cascade Range, east of Seattle in the upper valley of the Snoqualmie River. The city is bordered to the northwest by the city of Snoqualmie. Both communities lie near the center of the Mountains to Sound Greenway. Mount Si, the most prominent geological feature nearby, looms over the town. To the south is Rattlesnake Ridge. Mount Si stands at and towers above the town, itself at around . A trail zigzags up to the summit with a vertical climb of .
North Bend annexed Tanner and the Stilson area July 6, 2009.
Surrounding communities
Climate
North Bend's climate is warm and generally dry during the summer when high temperatures tend to be in the 70s and mild to cold during the winter when high temperatures tend to be in the 30s and 40s. The town's location in the foothills means that it receives significantly higher annual precipitation than other suburbs to the west, and also translates into heavier snowfall in the winter. The all-time record high temperature is set in 2009. The warmest month of the year is August with an average maximum temperature of , while the coldest month of the year is January with an average minimum temperature of . The annual average precipitation in North Bend is with of snowfall. Winter months tend to be wetter than summer months.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 5,731 people, 2,210 households, and 1,487 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 2,348 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 90.7% White, 0.5% African American, 0.9% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.5% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.4% of the population.
There were 2,210 households of which 39.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.7% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.10.
The median age in the city was 38.7 years. 26.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 29.4% were from 45 to 64; and 9.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,746 people, 1,841 households, and 1,286 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,611.6 people per square mile (623.3/km²). There were 1,889 housing units at an average density of 641.4 per square mile (248.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.01% White, 0.70% African American, 1.03% Native American, 2.23% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 1.45% from other races, and 2.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.79% of the population.
There were 1,841 households out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the city the population was 27.3% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 37.1% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $61,534, and the median income for a family was $69,402. Males had a median income of $57,333 versus $38,401 for females. The per capita income for the city was $28,229. About 2.1% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.1% of those under age 18 and 3.0% of those age 65 or over.
Culture
Historic McGrath Hotel
The McGrath Hotel is located on the site of the cabin of William Henry Taylor, who platted North Bend in 1889. In October 1921, Jack McGrath and his wife Caroline purchased the site of their future venture, McGrath's Café; construction was completed as a one-story restaurant in 1922. In early 1926 the building was expanded two window bays westward, creating the hotel lobby (now the restaurant bar), and a second story was added to the entire structure to accommodate the hotel rooms of the new McGrath Hotel. After several years of deferred maintenance, the McGrath was purchased in 2000 by a local couple who spent two years rehabilitating the building. It is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The first floor currently houses a popular restaurant, the Iron Duck Public House.
Historic North Bend Theatre
On April 9, 1941 the North Bend Theatre opened its doors. It has continued operating as an independent movie theater since that day. In 1999, the theatre underwent a major renovation. In 2013, the theater was once more saved from extinction by a successful $100,000+ fundraiser to convert the projection system from 35mm cellulose to 4K digital video. During this series of renovations every part of the building was improved without sacrificing the distinctive character of this 1941 Art Deco theater.
Valley Center Stage Community Theater
Valley Center Stage is a downtown community theater that promotes the performing arts in all its aspects. The theater has regular shows featuring classics and comedy. In addition, the theater offers opportunities to valley residents to participate in the theater's productions.
Snoqualmie Valley Historical Museum
The Snoqualmie Valley Historical Museum, operated by the Snoqualmie Valley Historical Society, has been sharing the history of the Snoqualmie Valley for over 50 years.
North Bend Visitor Center & Mountain View Art Gallery
The Visitors Information Center is operated by the North Bend Downtown Foundation and represents a significant step towards downtown revitalization and growing community pride through volunteer efforts. The Mountain View Gallery features local artwork and hosts special events for the community throughout the year. The modern Northwest Regional style center features easy to use touchscreen computers for visitors to access a variety of information on local attractions and history.
Transportation
North Bend is located east of Seattle on Interstate 90. There is regular bus service provided by King County Metro Transit on route 208. Metro buses are outfitted with bike racks. There are a number of van pools to Redmond, Bellevue, Seattle, and Renton. Snoqualmie Valley Transportation provides door-to-door transportation for the public in North Bend, Snoqualmie, Preston, Fall City, Carnation, Duvall and Monroe.
North Bend has a fairly modest trail system. The Snoqualmie Valley Regional Trail stretches from Duvall through Carnation, Fall City, Snoqualmie, and North Bend to Rattlesnake Lake. This trail connects to the John Wayne Pioneer Trail (which goes clear across Washington to the Idaho border) and to the city of Snoqualmie's extensive trail network. North Bend also has its own city trail system in downtown, the Si View neighborhood and along the South Fork of the Snoqualmie River in several places.
City park system
Outdoor recreation opportunities include hiking, fishing, mountain biking, climbing, river sports, wildlife observation, and enjoying scenic areas, all within city limits, not to mention the vast recreational playground immediately surrounding the city. Current city parks include Dahlgren Family Park, E.J. Roberts Park, Future Tennant Trailhead Park, Gardiner-Weeks Memorial Park, Meadowbrook Farm, Riverfront Park, Si View Neighborhood Park, Si View Park and Community Center, Snoqualmie Valley Trail, Tanner Trail, Tannerwood Neighborhood Park, Tollgate Farm, Tollgate Farm Park, Torguson Park and William Henry Taylor Park.
Gallery
Economy
Throughout the 20th century North Bend has maintained gradual growth with an early economic focus on logging, sawmill production, agricultural and dairy farming. Currently, North Bend is for the largest part a bedroom community to Bellevue and Seattle. In addition, North Bend has a growing tourism economy centered around the North Bend Premium Outlet Mall, Northwest Railway Museum train activities and Snoqualmie Pass recreational commerce related to hiking, backpacking, mountain biking, skiing, snowboarding and cross-country skiing. North Bend also has approximately 400 employees working for Nintendo North Bend.
Police
Law enforcement services in North Bend has changed hands several times. From 1973 until March 8, 2014, the city contracted with the King County Sheriff's Office for law enforcement services within city limits. At the time the contract ended it was KCSO's longest standing contract. Effective March 8, 2014, the city now contracts for law enforcement services with the City of Snoqualmie Police Department.
Landmarks
King County and the city of North Bend have designated the following landmarks:
See also
Alpine Lakes Wilderness
Cascade Range
Franklin Falls
Interstate 90 in Washington
Iron Horse State Park
Little Si
Mount Si
Mount Washington (Cascades)
Olallie State Park
Rattlesnake Lake
Rattlesnake Ridge
Riverbend, Washington
Snoqualmie Falls
Snoqualmie Pass
Snoqualmie River
Tanner, Washington
Twin Falls (Washington)
Weeks Falls
References
External links
City of North Bend official website
Snoqualmie Valley Chamber of Commerce
Snoqualmie School District
North Bend Library
North Bend Weather
Category:Cities in King County, Washington
Category:Cities in the Seattle metropolitan area
Category:Cities in Washington (state) |
Cycling to cancer with cyclin D1.
Genetic aberrations in the regulatory circuits that govern transit through the G(1) phase of the cell cycle occur frequently in human cancer and overexpression of the G(1) phase cyclin, cyclin D1, is one of the most commonly observed alterations. Cyclin D1 accumulates and activates its cognate CDK (CDK4/6) in response to mitogenic growth factors in early to mid G(1) phase. The resulting cyclin D1-dependent kinase initiates the phosphorylation-dependent inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein. Mitogen-dependent activation of the cyclin D1 kinase occurs through increased transcription, protein accumulation, cyclin/CDK assembly, reduced cyclin proteolysis, and decreased nuclear export. Perturbations at any step, which result in reduced growth factor requirements for cyclin D1/CDK activation, will provide cells with a distinct growth advantage over their normal counterparts and thus likely represents an early event in neoplasia. |
EMA to Pull Modified Release Paracetamol Products
Modified-release products containing paracetamol will be suspended from the market in the European Union, the European Medicines Agency announced.
EMA’s Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee concluded that the longer-lasting products’ advantages do not outweigh the risks posed by managing overdoses.
PRAC said there are few known practical measures for reducing the products’ risks and there is no standardized method of adapting overdose management across the EU to cover both immediate- and modified-release products. |
Turns out the leak could be worth over $10 billion in damages, according to a brand new lawsuit filed today by Tony Buzbee.
Here's an excerpt:
In this case, tens of thousands individuals were injured and had his or her long-term health put in jeopardy after being exposed to extremely high levels of Benzene and other toxic chemicals while working at the BP Texas City Refinery or by simply living or working in Texas City. Plaintiffs and all members of the Class, the Worker Sub-class and the Texas City Sub-class seek remedy for this exposure, and also attempt to do, through this case, what none of the authorities thus far has been able to do—put an end to BP’s continuous pollution of the air, ground, and water, and the continued exposure to harmful substances of workers at the BP Texas City Refinery. In this effort, Plaintiffs seek punitive damages against BP in excess of $10 billion.
How significant is $10 billion? A huge blow if Buzbee can get anywhere close -- nearly half as costly in damages as the oil spill, according to estimates by Citi. Which is to say we'd all be shocked if it turns out that bad. |
Month: September 2018
Be a little better
Just a little – be better today than you were yesterday. Try for a little more.
It’s easy to plod along, day after day, doing the same things, eating the same foods, seeing the same people, that we forget that we have a limited time.
Sorry – don’t mean to be morbid here, but isn’t that what life is all about?
If not, then why bother?
Trying to be better today than you were yesterday? Otherwise, why bother doing anything at all.
Whatever your goals are, don’t you want to be a little closer to reaching them today? Just be a little better.
Set big goals
If you have big goals, great! Set big ones – you don’t have to meet it all in one day.
Break up the big goals into more manageable chunks, and that way you can set a mini-goal to be better at every day! If you don’t, it’s all too easy to be overwhelmed by that great big goal staring at you. Lose 50 pounds? Impossible in a day or even a week, or a month! But two pounds this week? Absolutely! Resolve to be chocolate-free for two days. Even for me, that’s probably doable. And then maybe cut out a piece of bread a day. Or maybe every other day.
Mini-goals on your way to the big ones
The point is, your mini-goals should lead you on your way to achieving that big goal, but still be doable today. And when you reach that mini-goal, celebrate and make a new mini-goal. And that’s how you lose 50 pounds. Or launch a business. Or whatever big goal you have in mind.
Today – be better
For today, think of that goal, and be better.
Or think of a few goals to choose among. Then think of what would make you happiest and put the rest on a back burner. You’ll get to them.
And in the meantime, be better today at something than you were yesterday!
I even developed a series of simple exercises anyone can do to improve their balance and prevent falls in just minutes a day. And I run a Facebook group with ongoing balance challenges.
Sleepwalking through balance exercises
I became complacent, though. I’ve been sort of half-heartedly, sort of somnambulently performing the balance exercises myself.
And I fell Friday night. Granted, it was while I was carrying my 20-pound Boston Terrier over a 2-foot fence, but it gave me a wake-up call, all the same!
Naughty puppy!
Booker had jumped the fence (within our larger fenced back yard – it’s an area we don’t want the dogs to go in) because he thought he saw a chipmunk. There was no other wildlife in there, he was just being a jerk. In the heat of the moment he jumps the fence with no problem but can’t seem to figure out how to get back. I climbed over the fence – angry, short-tempered – and as I was climbing back out my foot caught in the top of the fence and I fell. Naturally, I didn’t want my dog to get hurt, so protected him. My face seemed to catch the brunt. Fortunately, just scrapes and bruises. There doesn’t seem to be any deeper damage.
It could have been worse, but …
And perhaps because I do some balance work, I was not hurt as badly as I could have been. But, I knew that I’d been slacking on some of the balance exercises!
So, with renewed commitment, I’ll be focusing much more on practicing balance and preventing falls.
It is almost fall. And after fall is winter, and ice and snow. Slippery stuff. It’s easy to slip and lose your balance and fall. Why not do just a few minutes of balance exercises a day to try to prevent any falls you can! Read my interview with Kathleen (http://fitness-over-50.com/2017/07/prevent-falls-my-interview-with-kathleen-cameron/) to see the statistics on just how prevalent falls are, and then commit to prevent the falls that you can!
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Cute workout tees, tanks, water bottles and more!
I love the French Bulldog images on these items! Of course, the fact that they were created based on my sister’s Teddy helps! You’ll be taken to the Cafe Press shop where you can see all the “Tedmonstah” designs. Cafe Press tees are excellent quality – nice and heavy, and they wash really well. And that’s an important consideration for workout clothes!
Pilates and Yoga combined
PiYo is one of my favorite workout programs. It’s Pilates combined with Yoga. All fluid movement that builds strength and flexibility and balance. Combined with Shakeology – dense, plant-based super-nutrition that can be a meal replacement. I drink Shakeology every day and I do PiYo all the time. The Challenge Pack includes the complete PiYo series and a month of Shakeology at a great price. It’ll get you started on your path to health, balance and fitness! |
Tottenham qualify for last 16 after draw at Barça
Tottenham Hotspur came back from the brink in the Champions League on Tuesday as Lucas Moura’s late equaliser salvaged a 1-1 draw against FC Barcelona and sent them through to the last 16.
Lionel Messi was left out of a heavily-rotated Barça line-up at the Camp Nou but Ousmane Dembele’s stunning early goal looked set to put Spurs out, until Moura intervened.
Mauricio Pochettino’s side only had to match Inter Milan’s result at home to PSV Eindhoven in Group B, which they did, as the Italians only managed a 1-1 draw themselves.
It made for a night of exhilarating drama, climaxing in the final five minutes when Tottenham must have wondered whether to push for a winner or hold on to what they had.
At the final whistle, their players faced an anxious 30 seconds, only for a roar in one of the stadium’s deepest corners to tell them the whistle had blown in Italy.
Barcelona’s coach Ernesto Valverde may not be popular with Inter supporters after he rested several key players, including Messi, but his team already had first place wrapped up.
Besides, Dembele scored a goal of which Messi would have been proud, his brilliant run and finish providing the perfect riposte to more reports of indiscipline from the 21-year-old this week.
When Barcelona crashed out in the quarter-finals in April, Valverde took much of the blame, the accusation that he failed to rotate his players in games of lesser importance.
Tottenham Hotspur players celebrate their qualification for the next round of the UEFA Champions League after drawing with FC Barcelona at the Camp Nou stadium on 11 December 2018. (Josep Lago / AFP)
Perhaps he listened, because while Messi’s absence was the key point of relief for Tottenham, Jordi Alba and Marc-Andre ter Stegen, both excellent in recent weeks, were also left on the bench.
Spurs, though, were also unfamiliar, at right-back, where Kyle Walker-Peters made his Champions League debut and it was the 21-year-old’s error in the sixth minute that gave Dembele a sniff.
He robbed the ball and tore away, brushing off Walker-Peters again before brilliantly dummying a late Harry Winks dive and finishing past Hugo Lloris.
Pochettino said he would be kept aware of the score at the San Siro, so news may have reached him soon after that PSV had taken the lead.
Spurs put Barça under pressure
Tottenham improved, peppering Barça’s right side, as another break saw Danny Rose fire across the face of goal. Son Heung-min’s lunge came up just short.
Son’s best chance was still to come as he skipped away from Thomas Vermaelen’s desperate challenge, which might have earned him a red card had Son tumbled. Instead, he powered on, only to see his shot meet Jasper Cillessen’s leg.
Along with Dembele, Philippe Coutinho was Barça’s biggest threat. He clipped the outside of Lloris’ post with one bending effort before half-time and had another blocked by Walker-Peters just after.
The stadium had risen to its feet as Messi began warming up but Tottenham continued to push early in the second half. Harry Kane blazed over, put off balance by a nudge in the back from Vermaelen. Rose pulled the ball back when he might have shot.
Barça fans cheered like they had scored when Messi came on in the 64th minute but the chances kept coming at the end, where Moura, on as a substitute, failed to head in from five yards as Cillessen clawed the ball off the line.
Inter equalised against PSV, leaving Tottenham needing a goal with 15 minutes to play. Instead, they were almost dead and buried, as Coutinho again hit the post.
Finally, they found a way through. Erik Lamela threaded Kane free and he crossed for Moura five yards out. This time he could not miss.
Inter were still level but Spurs could hardly risk settling for a draw in case the Italians scored a winner. Kane’s deadly disguised pass set Rose clear but he fired high. In the end, it mattered little as the whistle blew and Tottenham’s players waited. Then they heard the cheers.
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The League of Fanons were gathered aboard the TARDIS, along with each of the Elements of Harmony, which they had managed to drag along with them. Fluttershy had been particularly difficult, as they had to surprise her and tie her up in order to get her out of her cottage. Her condition seemed to have worsened: her mane was messy and she continued to mumble incoherent things as she stared off into space. At the moment she was lying with her hooves bound on the floor of the TARDIS near a caged, chained and gagged Pinkie (no one wanted to take any chances with her escaping), who was still looking strangely cheery.
Derpy had been tending to Dinky all day, but it wasn’t like she had much choice in the matter as Dinky had stayed close to her mother the whole time. At the moment however, Lyra and Bon Bon were playing with Dinky, allowing Derpy to finally speak with the Doctor.
“I mean I’ve seen her around town…” Derpy continued. “But she’s never spoken to me before. I don’t have a daughter…do I?”
“In this reality you don’t,” the Doctor explained. “But in Dinky’s fanon reality you do. Together here you are simultaneously her mother and not a mother.”
“It’s all so confusing…” Derpy mumbled. “I’ve only known her for a few hours but she knows me so well, I can tell she must be my daughter. She’s exactly the little filly I would want to raise. What if I did something wrong? What if I was supposed to have Dinky all along? What if-“
The Doctor interrupted her. “You’ve done nothing wrong. You’re just from a different reality than her. We’ll get her back to hers, this one will go back to the way it was, everything will be fixed.”
“Fixed…” Derpy’s gaze grew stern and she gave the Doctor a hard look. “How can you possibly speak of ‘fixing’ this? How can I go back, knowing what I know now? I may not have a daughter, but that little filly there looks up to me. Am I just supposed to cast her aside as if this never happened?”
The Doctor had nothing to say.
“If it makes you feel better, Derpy…” Twilight muttered. “I know how you feel. Perhaps I could cast some kind of happiness spell to make you feel better?”
Octavia lifted an eyebrow at the two of them. “What was that about?” she whispered to Lyra.
“Do you know how many stories involve Twilight messing up a spell?” Lyra whispered urgently. “Twilight tries to do something and winds up switching bodies or time traveling or getting horn rot…the last thing we want is that girl doing any magic.”
“Anyway Derpy…” Twilight continued, oblivious to Lyra. “I know how you feel. How could life ever go back to normal for me now that I know of my love?”
“That’s not the same thing at all!” Rainbow Dash hollered. “I don’t know how you could possibly fall in love with that jerk The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie. Now what I have with Applejack, that’s real love,” at this she then started nuzzling Applejack’s mane.
“NO IT IS NOT!” DJ Pon3 yelled. “You’re not in love! You were never in love! It’s a stupid fanon trope and the sooner we put an end to it the longer I can hold my lunch.”
“Oh no, not at all…” Octavia said in a sarcastic tone, rolling her eyes. “Heaven forbid something would happen to ‘yer Dashie.”
“Don’t make fun of Applejack’s accent!” Rainbow Dash yelped.
“Everypony, really!” Rarity cried. “This is hardly polite conversation in front of such nobility as Tom here!” She turned to the boulder and began cooing at it softly again. “Don’t you mind them Tom, they can be such fillystines sometimes…” How they managed to get Tom inside the TARDIS was nothing short of a miracle, and the Doctor wondered if the scratches the boulder left on the doorway would ever come off.
“Mommy, why is that pony talking to that rock?” Dinky whispered to Derpy.
“I mean among their conditions,” the Doctor replied. “Of all six ponies, Rarity being with Tom is the only condition that happened in our reality. All the others hold no relation to anything that happened in this world, but Rarity and Tom did in fact happen.”
Before anypony could answer there was a thunderous crash that violently shook the TARDIS and caused everypony to be thrown to the floor. DJ Pon3, who was closest to the door, grunted as she got to her feet, her goggles now pushed up to her forehead as she trotted over to the door.
“What in Equestria…” she muttered as she opened the door before peeking outside. “Um, girls? We have company.”
“I’ll say you do!” the voice of Gilda came from outside as the griffon snatched DJ Pon3’s neck, gripping it tight in her claw before flinging her out the door, into the air, and flat on her back. The other members of the Legion of Gloom watched on nearby.
“OH YOU WANT TO TANGLE?!” DJ Pon3 roared as she leapt to her feet and pulled her goggles back over her eyes.
“THEN IT…IS…ON!” At the last syllable she unleashed a blast of magic from her horn and the sound of a stereo blast heavy with electronic feedback engulfed Gilda, causing her to drop to the ground as she covered her ears with her claws. She gritted her teeth, but they seemed to be rattling in time with the heavy bass beat emanating from DJ Pon3’s horn.
“MY CUTIE MARK AIN’T MUSIC FOR NOTHING, YOU KNOW!” DJ Pon3 screamed over the din. She looked enormously confident in her element, concentrating the loud, mixed beats of a nightclub into one single, overwhelming wave of magical energy.
But it was not to last for much longer, as one of the Diamond Dogs had just enough sense amidst all the noise to launch a flying tackle at DJ Pon3, sending her sprawling on the ground as she lost focus on her magic. The faint echoes of the din reverberated across the nearby landscape as the ringing in everyone’s ears finally subsided, with the exception of Gilda who looked like she was wound so tightly that if she bit on a rock it would probably be a diamond by the time she spit it out.
“The noise…I made it stop!” the Diamond Dog said cheerfully to his companions.
“WHAT?” Gilda hollered, raising a claw to her ear. “DID YOU SAY SOMETHING?”
The other members of the League of Fanons emerged out of the TARDIS along with Dinky, Twilight, Applejack and Rainbow Dash. Twilight took one look at The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie before bounding towards her, grasping her in a tight hug.
“Akph! What in Equestria do you think you’re doing, foal?” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie grunted, shoving Twilight off of her and using her magic to restrain the purple unicorn.
“Oh Great and Powerful Your Royal Highness Princess Trixie!” Twilight swooned. “Oh, how I missed you! You don’t know what I’ve been through, the feelings I’ve held back…tell me you feel the same way!”
“What…the…wha-huh?” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie stammered, almost releasing Twilight in her shock.
There was a long, deafening silence after this, as everything seemed to have stopped. There weren’t even birds chirping or the sound of wind. No one said a word. It was as if somepony had flung a switch and plunged the whole world into silence.
A silence which The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie eventually broke. “I…” she looked down at her hooves before raising her head to look Twilight in her shining eyes.
“I…I love you too, Twilight Sparkle.”
“You do?” Twilight squealed with delight.
“Pbbbbbtt! Of course NOT, you stupid foal!” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie cackled, falling on her back in her wild laughter. “Ah-HA-HA-HAAAH!!! You just fell right into it! The look on your face!” She was clutching her sides, rolling on the ground as tears of laughter streamed out her eyes.
Twilight was crestfallen. “But…but…but Great and Powerful-“
The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie finally recovered as she interrupted Twilight with a hoof to the purple unicorn’s mouth. “Now now silly little filly, The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie knows that her bewitching good looks are impossible to resist, but did you really think that you had a shot? The worst enemy of The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie?”
“Besides,” she continued. “The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie already has a mate. He’s handsome, he’s rich, and best of all, he’s royalty.” She grinned slyly at Prince Blueblood. “You see Prince, you’re not the only pony here who knows how to break hearts.”
“You manage to continue to surprise me, my dear,” Prince Blueblood simpered. Feeling a renewed spark in their relationship, the two unicorns locked horns and began savagely kissing once again.
Twilight looked grief-stricken. Her eyes were brimming with tears as she watched the scene play out before her. Finally she shut her eyes from the horrid sight, gritted her teeth and ran off into the distance, weeping loudly. The League of Fanons watched on in shock.
“You…you…YOU BASTARD!” Bon Bon screamed. “How could you be so heartless?!”
“It’s called tough love, foals,” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie said, breaking from Prince Blueblood’s embrace just long enough to do so.
“That does it,” Applejack announced. “Twilight may have been mighty foalish to fall for her, but that ain’t no excuse for treating a pony like that! Come on, RD! Yee-HAH!” Applejack reared into the air.
“I love it when you say ‘Yee-hah’…” Rainbow Dash muttered softly to Applejack, giving her a loving smile.
“Zis shipping…” Photo Finish muttered darkly. “I can not take zis much longer!”
“WHAT?” Gilda yelled again, both claws to her ears now. “WHY IS EVERYONE BEING SO QUIET? SPEAK UP!”
“Wait a second, we’re missing somepony…” the Doctor said. “Photo Finish, Gilda, The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie, Prince Blueblood, the Diamond Dogs…” He turned around to face the TARDIS only to spot Sir Lints-a-lot, Madame LeFlour, Rocky and Mr. Turnip standing in front of it, now frozen in place by the Doctor’s gaze.
“They’re after the TARDIS!” the Doctor yelped. “Stop them! And don’t blink, or they’ll be able to move again!”
But it was to no avail. Just as the League of Fanons were preparing to stop them, The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie launched an array of firecrackers she had saved from her old magic show at the League of Fanons, and while nopony was hurt they all instinctively flinched and blinked as a result of all the bangs and flashes around them. In short order the “inanimate” objects had entered the TARDIS and chucked Rarity along with the still-bound Fluttershy and Pinkie outside before returning. The door of the TARDIS shut behind them as the time machine began dematerializing on the spot, making its loud wheezing noise.
“Wait a moment!” the Doctor cried, examining the “inanimate” objects sitting in front of the TARDIS. “You’re all outside so…who’s piloting the TARDIS?”
Rarity stood up and began beating on the door, weeping loudly. “TOM!” she cried. “What are you doing? Don’t leave me!”
The TARDIS dematerialized completely, causing Rarity to fall to the ground where the TARDIS had been standing. She laid there weeping as Applejack, Rainbow Dash, Dinky and the League of Fanons stared, trying to comprehend what had just happened. The last time they had battled the Legion of Gloom, they had held the upper hand nearly the entire time. Now they had lost so much in such a short span of time and they had barely started fighting yet.
“Ha-HAH!” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie cried in exuberance. “Yes my foalish little subjects, you thought Tom was just another boulder, didn’t you?”
“Wait, you know about Tom?” Applejack asked, managing to miss the larger implication of what The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie was implying.
“How is a boulder piloting the TARDIS?” the Doctor asked forcefully. “Is Tom even a boulder? And what does Tom want with the TARDIS anyway?”
“TO-O-O-OM!!!” Rarity cried in anguish to the sky.
“Remember this day well, League of Fanons!” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie yelled triumphantly. “The day that Harmony failed and Equestria fell to the Legion of Gloom!” She flung her hooves into the air before throwing down one of her smoke bombs which shrouded the area in a dense fog. Rainbow Dash and Derpy worked together to clear the air, but by the time they did so the Legion of Gloom had vanished.
***
The library door burst open with an ear-splintering crash as the Legion of Gloom rushed inside.
“Quickly, it’s somewhere on one of these shelves!” Prince Blueblood yelled.
“Ooouuuggghhh…” a low moaning sound came from nearby. The Legion of Gloom froze momentarily to spot Spike, lying on the floor in what looked like considerable pain.
“Wha…wha…are you…Hrgmph!” He belched loudly, and the green cloud of flame coalesced into a grand piano, which crashed to the floor, shaking the entire treehouse. Now that the Legion of Gloom looked, they could also see a pile of bricks, a twin-sized mattress, several encyclopedias, a suit of armor, an anvil, and dozens upon dozens of opened cans of soda.
“Why does the Princess keep sending these?” Spike cried, burping up another can of Colta-Cola. “She should know they make my burping worse!”
“It’s okay, Spike!” a small voice came from the next room. A second later an adorable black filly with glasses bounded out, levitating a bottle of dragon medicine with her. Before she got to Spike however, she froze and started looking around anxiously.
“That’s strange…” the filly said slowly. “I just got the weirdest feeling that I’m only present here because some insecure writer inserted me into this scene to satisfy the demands stated by his fans after he posted the previous chapter.”
She looked around anxiously for a moment more before waving a hoof. “Naaaaaah, that’s ridiculous! I guess I’m just being a scaredy filly again! Tra-la-la-la-la!” she sang happily as she trotted over to Spike.
“Ignore them,” Prince Blueblood announced, turning his attention back to the room. “Find that book!”
“BIND THAT COOK?” Gilda said rather loudly, a claw to one of her ears. “Why would we do that?”
“NO! Find…that…book,” Prince Blueblood repeated. “But which one? Where would Twilight Sparkle keep a book with the Elements of Harmony?”
“Oh, the book about the Elements of Harmony?” the black filly asked. “It’s under E,” she told them, pointing at a shelf on the opposite side of the room. The members of the Legion of Gloom glanced at each other for a moment before making a mad scramble to the E shelf, yanking out every book within reach.
“We’ve found it!” the Diamond Dogs cried, opening a book to reveal a shining golden crown and several bejeweled necklaces.
“Right then,” Prince Blueblood said. “While our enemies are too weak and divided to use the Elements of Harmony, it certainly doesn’t hurt to take them for ourselves. Consider it a trophy of our victory,” he smirked. “Now if you don’t mind, I’ll be taking-“
“I CALL CROWN!” The Great and Powerful Her Royal Highness Princess Trixie yelled. “I mean…The Great and Powerful Her Royal...oh heck, you know what I mean,” she muttered as she snatched the crown out of the book and replaced her star-studded magical cap with it while Prince Blueblood looked on with some envy. Finally he shrugged and took Rarity’s necklace. Gilda took Rainbow Dash’s, Photo Finish took Fluttershy’s and Pinkie’s necklace wound up in the hands of the “inanimate” objects when no one was looking, leaving the Diamond Dogs to squabble over Applejack’s necklace.
With these tokens of their victory, the Legion of Gloom strode outside into the chaos of Ponyville, ready to claim it as their own.
Oooohhh... they're idiots. First, even in fanon, the Elements of Harmony can only be used by ponies bound together in friendship and whatever. Even if, for the sake of narrative, they get them working, Nyx isn't stupid. All it takes is for one of the Legion to mention their foes by name and they'll have the fury of Nightmare Moon coming down on them like a ton of rectangular building things. Idiots.
26003 Not going to argue with your point on the Elements of Harmony (in fact, this will be touched on more later) but their main point in taking the Elements is not so that they can use them but so that the Mane 6 can't. As for Nyx, the Legion doesn't know she's around and while she has a lot of magical power for a filly, she doesn't have the powers of Nightmare Moon, if I recall the ending of Past Sins correctly. |
Wobbl3 Entertainment
Wobbl3 Entertainment is a video game developer. Wobbl3 designs immersive experiences through gameplay synchronized with music and licensing celebrity IPs. Its flagship title DubWars is a music game that combines the mechanics of a top-down shooter with Dubstep and Electronic music.
Wobbl3 Entertainment is a video game developer. Wobbl3 designs immersive experiences through gameplay synchronized with music and licensing celebrity IPs. Its flagship title DubWars is a music game that combines the mechanics of a top-down shooter wi...Show all |
Sir
We thank the authors for their interest in our article and offer the following clarifications to their queries:
In the first place, our aim was to determine the impact of curcumin on FCA-induced arthritis when it is used in combination with methotrexate, and secondly whether this combination could reduce hematological toxicity or not? Therefore, if we segregate the above-said purposes of the study, it may lead to deviation from the main theme of the study; which is exactly what the reader has done. As a therapeutic strategy, methotrexate -- a disease modifying antirheumatic therapy -- is always incorporated in a dose of 2 mg/kg. Therefore, our study maintained one group treated with the standard dose of methotrexate (2 mg/kg). As prolonged treatment is desirable in rheumatoid arthritis, it has been observed that compliance was low or was discontinued not because it was incapable of suppressing RA, but because of the ensuing adverse effects. We were interested to know whether reduction in dose in the presence of curcumin could offer the same protective measures as seen with methotrexate at 2 mg/kg dose; and if yes, whether this dose could reduce adverse effects. Based on this, we compared the hematological toxicity observed with methotrexate plus curcumin with methotrexate (2 mg/kg) alone. Therefore, in our opinion, comparison of hematological toxicity between the two groups was appropriate.The aim of our experiment was primarily to reduce the dose of methotrexate in the management of rheumatoid arthritis as the dose of 2 mg/kg often leads to noncompliance owing to the adverse effects. Therefore, option 2 of the reader\'s suggestion does not suit our study. The proposition of keeping one more group with a dose of 1 mg/kg is a valid suggestion which will be taken up in future studies. We would like to bring to the notice of the reader that the combination with curcumin produced significant reduction in paw edema with minimal damage to the hematological system. Therefore, we have not only contributed this response in our discussion section to curcumin but also attributed it to the reduction in the dose of methotrexate. The aim was not purely to reduce hematological toxicity, but alsoto search for an adjuvant which can support the action of methotrexate so that compliance can be improved for a disorder such as RA which requires long-term treatment.Curcumin is not soluble in saline and cannot be used in any of the solvents mentioned above as they are least preferred for parenteral administration. Curcumin is not soluble in gum acacia as well, but can be suspended in gum acacia. We have dispersed curcumin in a saline solution (0.9% NaCl) which, in addition, contained 0.3% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, and we have termed it as saline control.We have followed standard procedures in our study and they have been further standardized in our laboratory to conform the dose required and duration for complete induction of arthritis. As our treatment was initiated from the ninth day, we considered day 9 values as baseline data. Further, the aim of our study was to assess the curative action of methotrexate plus curcumin and not the preventive response. If we were focusing on the preventive response, it would be absolutely essential for us to reflect the day 0 values. As day 9 was the first day of treatment, large variations cannot be expected within a few hours after initiating the treatment.
We hope that these clarifications have addressed the queries adequately.
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Colin M. Selbie
Colin Mackenzie Selbie was a Scottish zoologist who worked in the Natural History Museum Dublin and took part in the Clare Island Survey. Though he had a short career, his impact on the Irish study of crustacea and myriapoda was noted by those he worked with.
Early life
Selbie was born in Birsay on 24 February 1889 to John and Margaret Selbie (née Mackenzie), though his year of birth is often cited as 1890. His father, John Alexander Selbie, was a minister in the Free Church and later went on to be a professor at Aberdeen United Free College. Selbie was third child of four, having an older brother William Philip, an older sister Jane, and a younger sister Eleanor. He held a B.Sc. degree from the University of Aberdeen, graduating in 1910.
Zoological career
Selbie took up the position of Assistant Naturalist in the Dublin Museum of Science and Art in 1911. Under the guidance of Robert Francis Scharff, Selbie worked on crustacea and myriapoda, most notably on the specimens from the Fisheries cruiser the Helga and the Clare Island Survey. His ability to illustrate his monographs was a talent that was noted by his contemporaries.
He named one crustacea, Palinurus thomsoni, in honour of his former Professor John Arthur Thomson.
Military career
Selbie enlisted into the 15th Royal Scots Regiment on the outbreak of World War I as a private on 4 November 1914. On the recommendation of his C.O. he received a commission into the Scottish Rifles where he attained the rank of Second Lieutenant in January 1915. He died on the Somme in July 1916. Selbie is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme, and on the Birsay War Memorial.
Works
1912 Some new Irish myriapods The Irish naturalist, Vol. XXI, No. 6, pp. 113–115
1912 National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin: Natural History Collections: Crustacea Museum bulletin: National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin, Vol. II, Part 1
1913 New records of Irish myriapods The Irish naturalist, Vol. XXII, No. 7, pp. 131–135
1913 National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin: Natural History Division: Our Knowledge of the higher crustacea in Ireland Museum bulletin: National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin, Vol. III, Part 3-4
References
Category:People from Aberdeen
Category:1889 births
Category:1916 deaths
Category:Scottish zoologists
Category:Marine zoologists
Category:Scottish marine biologists
Category:British people of World War I
Category:Cameronians soldiers |
Q:
Best practice for Firebase authorization persistence and API calls
I've been following a tutorial to build a full stack website using firebase, react and redux. Log in sends a call to a back end function which uses
firebase.auth().signInWithEmailAndPassword for logging in. The IdToken is passed back to the client and stored in localstorage. Authentication and state persistence then relies on the client checking if the current date is past the expiry of the JWT token. API calls to the back end cloud functions also require an Authorization header using 'Bearer {IdToken}'.
This structure is causing me lots of headaches. I've done lots of reading and my current understanding is that firebase has it's own authorization persistence (?) that I can implement directly on my front end. Then using a listener I can automatically get new Id tokens on auth state change. This would solve my problem of the tokens expiring every hour. From what I've read local storage of the tokens is also a security risk.
I'm unsure as to how that affects authorization of my function calls. Should I still use the authorization header or is there a more elegant firebase way of doing that?
A:
If you use Firebase Authentication's built-in providers, they indeed automatically persist the sign-in information information on most clients, restore it upon restart, and refresh the ID token just before it expires.
So if you use one of the standard providers, you can just get the user's ID token and then pass that to your Cloud Function.
You can even skip that step by using Callable Cloud Functions. For those, the Firebase Functions SDK passes the ID token along automatically, and the server automatically decodes and verifies it, and passes it to your code as context.auth.
|
Show HN: VisiData – vi for data - rabidrat
http://github.com/saulpw/visidata
======
gaetanrickter
I used this with a dataset for stocks here
[https://hackernoon.com/unsupervised-machine-learning-for-
fun...](https://hackernoon.com/unsupervised-machine-learning-for-fun-profit-
with-basket-clusters-17a1161e7aa1) and it's great for getting a handle on your
data and reorganizing it even before any exploratory data analysis (EDA).
------
azinman2
This is awesome. I'd love to see this incorporated into psql or mysql's cli
tool for results!!!! The current implementations are horrible.
~~~
rabidrat
This should really straightforward (like maybe 1-3 hours) for someone who
knows use the Python3 modules for those databases. See the SQLite addon, for
example:
[https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/stable/visidata/addo...](https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/stable/visidata/addons/sqlite.py)
------
pcunite
I love ncurses style applications. Perhaps for the nostalgia. However, since
I'm almost always logged into a window manager, a console window running this
type of app is a very nice way of having a _tabbed > mouse_ application.
~~~
_jal
I tend to prefer them, too. They're remarkably 'sticky' for me. I've been
using Vim for at least 20 years, and mutt for close to that (can't recall
exactly when I started using them).
Been wishing for a solid, console-based spreadsheet for a while, but I haven't
really gone looking that hard, as I don't use spreadsheets as much as I used
to. When I do, though, I find modern GUI spreadsheets want to 'help' way too
much and frankly bug the crap out of me. I suppose if I used them more, they'd
brainwash me into their 'right' way of doing things, but I generally get fed
up and use Postgres. That works surprisingly well for a lot of things, but
updating 'cells' via SQL gets tedious, and if I'm trying to get an
understanding of the data, a more visual approach is really handy.
Definitely will check this tool out.
~~~
dredmorbius
There are a few ncurses spreadsheets, including one for Linux which retains a
large number of Lotus123 bindings.
That said, I find I tend to use awk for tasks others use spreadsheets for.
This gives me the data in a file, and a program I can run against it.
(You can also use a bash script and here documents to feed in data.)
~~~
_jal
I've tried doing that with awk a few times, and find I just haven't written
enough to make it non-painful. I did write a ton of Perl at one point, and it
seems to have hijacked the associated neurons.
Spending a weekend messing about with awk until I'm comfortable is one line in
a very, very long list of things I'll probably never get to.
~~~
dredmorbius
Any programming language with a line- and field-based orientation should do
it. Awk is easy because of the implied input loop over the data, and the
ability to slice by columns.
If you want additional outputs, you simply create them. For a trivial example,
if you've got a list of revenues and expenses (say, by month), and want a
report with monthly and annual totals (I'll assume only one year is fed,
though the example could be expanded:
#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
BEGIN { printf( "%-8s %-8s | %-8s\n", "revenue", "costs", "profit" )}
{
rev = $1; cost = $2; profit = rev - cost;
totrev+=rev; totcost+=cost;
printf( "%8.2f %8.2f | %8.2f\n", rev, cost, profit )
}
END {
printf( "----------------------------\n")
printf( "%8.2f %8.2f | %8.2f\n", totrev, totcost, totrev - totcost )
printf( "============================\n")
}
That's the equivalent of a spreadsheet with columns for revenues, costs, and
profits, with a summary line. But you can run it over any annual datasource.
Now let me check if that's right.... OK, not too far off, though yes, I'd
goofed bits (the first time).
------
roadnottaken
I use tabview [1] for this. I install it on all my servers and use it
regularly. Simple command-line spreadsheet-style navigation of tabular data.
VisiData looks nice, too, with possibly more-advanced features.
[1]
[https://github.com/femtotrader/tabview](https://github.com/femtotrader/tabview)
------
yakshaving_jgt
Off topic, sorry, but… Saul Pwanson? I can't not read your name as a
Spoonerism.
------
hbbio
And, 33 years later, Multiplan finally gets open sourced!
------
n1vz3r
Any plans to support SQL-like queries for data tables? For example, using
SQLite?
~~~
rabidrat
It can already connect (read-only) to SQLite databases. Use `-f sqlite`. It
would not be too hard to implement UPDATE/DELETE queries. Let me know if
you're interested in helping and we can make this happen!
------
alexvay
Really nice! I used
[https://github.com/dinedal/textql](https://github.com/dinedal/textql) a bit,
but your project seems much more practical.
------
nafizh
Is there a tutorial available? Awesome to get something like this in terminal
but seems like it has a steep learning curve.
~~~
polm23
This is the user guide:
[https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/stable/docs/user-
gui...](https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/stable/docs/user-guide.rst)
(The link is broken in the docs/README file)
This is the walkthrough on sample data:
[https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/develop/docs/tours.r...](https://github.com/saulpw/visidata/blob/develop/docs/tours.rst)
------
marklgr
In the same vein, you can also check sc-im:
[https://github.com/andmarti1424/sc-im](https://github.com/andmarti1424/sc-im)
------
SirLJ
Looks really cool, the interface kind of reminds me of the long forgotten
informix 4gl, infotmix forms, and the like... Thanks for the trip down memory
lane :-)
------
co_dh
I'm glad that I'm using Emacs, and it has csv mode, sql intergration, and
anything you want.
------
easytiger
Amazing idea, i've been using some command line fudges when i need to work on
csvs as i often
------
dmitripopov
The name is a nod to VisiCalc?
~~~
rabidrat
Yes it is! VisiCalc was a pioneering 'killer app', and I feel like this is the
next iteration :)
|
643 F.3d 463 (2011)
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Rigoberto GOMEZ-GOMEZ, aka Aleo Gomez, aka Felix A. Mercado Baez, aka Jhony Ventura, aka Chapa, aka Choppa, Defendant-Appellant. *464
In re Rigoberto Gomez-Gomez, aka Aleo Gomez, aka Felix A. Mercado Baez, aka Jhony Ventura, aka Chapa, aka Choppa, Petitioner.
Nos. 10-3283, 10-4264.
United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
Argued: April 20, 2011.
Decided and Filed: May 5, 2011.
Rehearing and Rehearing En Banc Denied June 6, 2011.
*466 ARGUED: E. Dennis Muchnicki, Dublin, Ohio, for Appellant. Benjamin C. Glassman, Assistant United States Attorney, Cincinnati, Ohio, for Appellee. ON BRIEF: E. Dennis Muchnicki, Dublin, Ohio, for Appellant. Benjamin C. Glassman, Assistant United States Attorney, Cincinnati, Ohio, Robyn Jones Hahnert, Kevin W. Kelley, Assistant United States Attorneys, Columbus, Ohio, for Appellee. Marquette D. Evans, Evans Law Office, Cincinnati, Ohio, for Amicus Curiae.
Before: MARTIN, SILER, and ROGERS, Circuit Judges.
OPINION
BOYCE F. MARTIN, JR., Circuit Judge.
In December 2009, the United States charged Defendant-Appellant Rigoberto Gomez-Gomez, a Mexican citizen, in a superseding indictment with drug trafficking, money laundering, and operating a continuing criminal enterprise. Gomez-Gomez claimed to be a juvenile and moved to dismiss the indictment on the grounds that he had not been brought before the district court pursuant to the provisions of the Juvenile Delinquency Act. The district court found that he was an adult and denied the motion. Thirty days later, Gomez-Gomez moved the court: (1) to reconsider; (2) for an order to depose witnesses in Mexico; and (3) to enlarge his time to appeal the earlier denial. The district court denied all three motions. Gomez-Gomez appeals the denial of these three motions, and petitions this Court for a writ of mandamus directing the district court to authorize the proposed depositions and to reconsider its prior ruling. We lack jurisdiction to consider Gomez-Gomez's appeals from the denials of his three pre-trial motions. In addition, we deny Gomez-Gomez's petition for a writ of mandamus.
I. BACKGROUND
On December 3, 2009, the United States issued a superseding indictment charging Gomez-Gomez with three drug conspiracy counts, five drug distribution counts, four substantive money laundering counts, one money laundering conspiracy count, and one count of operating a continuing criminal enterprise. On December 7, Gomez-Gomez filed a motion to dismiss the indictment for lack of jurisdiction because he was a juvenile who had not been brought before the district court pursuant to the provisions of the Juvenile Delinquency Act, 18 U.S.C. § 5032. He asserted that he was born on October 1, 1992, and was therefore less than seventeen years old at the time that he allegedly committed the offenses at issue. For the purposes of proceeding under the Act, a juvenile is defined as a person who has not yet attained the age of twenty-one. See id. *467 § 5031. The district court held a two-day evidentiary hearing regarding Gomez-Gomez's motion.
The government presented the following evidence that Gomez-Gomez was an adult at the time of the offenses: (1) documents indicating that Gomez-Gomez had provided seven different dates of birth ranging from 1977 to 1985 under various names during his time in the United States; (2) two driver's licenses; (3) a dental receipt; (4) two applications for a marriage license; (5) documents appearing to be Mexican birth certificates bearing the names of Gomez-Gomez, his mother, and his father;[1] and (6) testimony from Braulio Martinez, a man who grew up in Gomez-Gomez's hometown. In addition, the United States introduced evidence regarding Gomez-Gomez's true age in light of the documents through the testimony of immigration officials and law enforcement officers.
Gomez-Gomez presented the following evidence that he was a juvenile at the time of the offenses: (1) a certified copy of a birth certificate from Mexico containing the Apostille certification required by the Hague Convention establishing his birthdate as October 1, 1992;[2] (2) testimony from Victoria Gomez Chavez, his maternal aunt, stating that she was present at his birth; (3) testimony from Manual Gomez, Gomez-Gomez's brother, stating that he was present at Gomez-Gomez's birth; and (4) testimony of Dr. Jolie Brams, a psychologist, that Braulio Martinez's testimony was highly unlikely to be accurate. In addition, Gomez-Gomez supported his motion to dismiss with an affidavit from Juana Asencion Gonzalez, his maternal aunt, stating that she was present at his birth. However, Gonzalez spoke only Zapoteco, a language spoken by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico, and the district court was unable to find a translator. The district court indicated that a continuance might be appropriate to allow counsel for defense to find a qualified interpreter, and asserted the right to exclude the witness if a translator could not be found.
*468 On January 13, 2010, the district court denied the motion to dismiss, finding that Gomez-Gomez's birthdate was October 1, 1978. The court reasoned in part that if Gomez-Gomez had been born in October 1992, as he claimed, then the driver's license issued to him in February 2003, and the marriage licenses he applied for in February and June 2003, would have been issued when he was ten years old. Also, the Apostille-certified birth certificate listed Gomez-Gomez's mother as twenty-four years old at the time of his birth, and it was undisputed that Gomez-Gomez's brother was thirty-five at the time of the district court's rulingmeaning that if the Apostille-certified birth certificate were accurate, his mother would have been six years old when the brother was born. On January 14, 2010, the district court issued a decision precluding the testimony of Juana Asencion Gonzalez because the court was unable to locate a translator.
On February 12, Gomez-Gomez filed three motions. The first asked the court to reconsider its order denying the motion to dismiss. The second was a renewed motion to take depositions in Mexico of five witnesses: his second-grade teacher, a physician who administered his vaccinations, a priest from the church where he was baptized, his sister, and his father. The third, in the alternative, asked the court to extend the time for him to appeal the earlier denial of his motion to dismiss. On February 24, the district court denied all three motions. Gomez-Gomez appeals.
II. ANALYSIS
A. Interlocutory Appeal
A court of appeals "must determine its own jurisdiction and is bound to do so in every instance." Dickerson v. McClellan, 37 F.3d 251, 252 (6th Cir.1994). Thus, we first must determine whether we have interlocutory appellate jurisdiction to consider the district court's denials of Gomez-Gomez's motions to reconsider, to take depositions in Mexico, and to enlarge his time to appeal. Our jurisdiction is limited to "appeals from [] final decisions of the district courts." 28 U.S.C. § 1291. In criminal cases, the final judgment rule generally "prohibits appellate review until conviction and imposition of sentence." Flanagan v. United States, 465 U.S. 259, 263, 104 S.Ct. 1051, 79 L.Ed.2d 288 (1984). Whether Gomez-Gomez is a juvenile or an adult affects the district court's subject matter jurisdiction. Cf. United States v. Chambers, 944 F.2d 1253, 1259 (6th Cir. 1991) (stating that "the certification requirement [of the Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act] is a prerequisite to the district court's subject-matter jurisdiction in cases where the government proceeds against juveniles accused of performing acts which would be federal crimes if committed by adults"). However, typically, "denial of a motion to dismiss, even when the motion is based upon jurisdictional grounds, is not immediately reviewable." Catlin v. United States, 324 U.S. 229, 236, 65 S.Ct. 631, 89 L.Ed. 911 (1945).
The Supreme Court carved out a narrow exception to the final judgment rule in Cohen v. Beneficial Industries Loan Corp., 337 U.S. 541, 546-47, 69 S.Ct. 1221, 93 L.Ed. 1528 (1949). Under the collateral order doctrine, an order may be immediately appealable if it: (1) "conclusively determine[s] the disputed question"; (2) "resolve[s] an important issue completely separate from the merits of the action"; and (3) "[is] effectively unreviewable on appeal from a final judgment." Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay, 437 U.S. 463, 468, 98 S.Ct. 2454, 57 L.Ed.2d 351 (1978). These three requirements must be interpreted "with the utmost strictness in criminal cases." Flanagan, 465 U.S. at 265, 104 S.Ct. 1051.
*469 Two of Gomez-Gomez's appeals clearly do not satisfy the criteria of the collateral order doctrine. The denial of a motion to reconsider an earlier order is not an immediately appealable collateral order because it does not conclusively determine the disputed question, it merely resolves whether to revisit an important issue rather than the issue itself, and it is reviewable following final judgment. Cf. Lora v. O'Heaney, 602 F.3d 106, 111-12 (2d Cir. 2010) (holding that an appeal from an order denying reconsideration of a qualified immunity ruling fails to meet the requirements of the collateral order doctrine). The denial of a motion to depose witnesses is not an immediately appealable collateral order because it is reviewable on appeal from a final judgment. Whether the denial of Gomez-Gomez's motion to file an untimely appeal is immediately appealable presents a closer question.
Gomez-Gomez contends that because the underlying order denying his motion to dismiss would be appealable as a collateral order, the denial of his motion to file an appeal out of time from that order is immediately appealable as well. The United States concedes that there is authority supporting the proposition that where an underlying order is an appealable collateral order, the denial of a motion to file an appeal out of time from that order is also appealable. See Diamond v. U.S. Dist. Court for Cent. Dist. of Cal., 661 F.2d 1198, 1198 (9th Cir.1981) (stating that an order denying a motion to file a late notice of appeal is appealable if "the motion seeks leave to file a late appeal from. . . an order which falls within the collateral order exception"). However, in this case the collateral order doctrine does not apply to the underlying order denying the motion to dismiss.
We have held that an order transferring a juvenile for adult prosecution is immediately appealable as a collateral order. See United States v. One Juvenile Male, 40 F.3d 841, 844 (6th Cir.1994). Some of the reasoning in One Juvenile Male suggests that a defendant indicted as an adult might be able to immediately appeal a district court's rejection of a motion to dismiss that asserts that the defendant is in fact a juvenile. First, in both cases, "the court has determined that defendant will be tried as an adult." Id. at 844. Second, in both cases "this determination is independent of the merits of the criminal charges against defendant." Id. Third, in both cases the "defendant's right to the special protections afforded juveniles at trial would be lost if he were tried and convicted as an adult before being able to appeal the transfer order." Id.; see also Chambers, 944 F.2d at 1258 (assessing the special protection that the Juvenile Delinquency Act provides to juveniles from the adult criminal prosecution process).
However, One Juvenile Male is distinguishable from this case because it involved a legal rather than a factual dispute. The district court's rejection of a motion to dismiss based on the factual determination that Gomez-Gomez is not a juvenile is not immediately appealable under the collateral order doctrine. Several Supreme Court cases are instructive. In Mitchell v. Forsyth, 472 U.S. 511, 530, 105 S.Ct. 2806, 86 L.Ed.2d 411 (1985), the Supreme Court held that "a district court's denial of a claim of qualified immunity, to the extent that it turns on an issue of law, is an appealable `final decision' within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1291." However, in Johnson v. Jones, 515 U.S. 304, 319-20, 115 S.Ct. 2151, 132 L.Ed.2d 238 (1995), the Supreme Court held that "a defendant, entitled to invoke a qualified immunity defense, may not appeal a district court's summary judgment order insofar as that order determines whether or not the pretrial *470 record sets forth a `genuine' issue of fact for trial." The Johnson Court relied on a number of considerations that are relevant to this case.
One consideration cuts in favor of Gomez-Gomez's argument that the order denying the motion to dismiss is immediately appealable. The Supreme Court suggested that when a defendant wants to appeal a district court's decision that the record sets forth a genuine issue of fact for trial, "it will often prove difficult to find any [ ] `separate' question . . . that is significantly different from the fact-related legal issues that likely underlie the plaintiff's claim on the merits." Id. at 314, 115 S.Ct. 2151. As discussed above, the factual question of Gomez-Gomez's age is not directly related to the merits of the charges against him regarding drug trafficking, money laundering, and operating a continuing criminal enterprise.
However, the remainder of the Johnson Court's analysis cuts against Gomez-Gomez's argument that the denial of the motion to dismiss is immediately appealable. The Court noted that the Mitchell Court had "explicitly limited its holding to appeals challenging . . . the purely legal issue what law was `clearly established.'" Id. at 313, 115 S.Ct. 2151. The issue in One Juvenile Male, whether a juvenile should be transferred for adult prosecution, is a legal question regarding what is "in the interest of justice." See 18 U.S.C. § 5032. The issue in this case, whether Gomez-Gomez is an adult, is a factual question regarding age. In addition, the Johnson Court considered "the competing considerations that underlie questions of finality." 515 U.S. at 315, 115 S.Ct. 2151. First, like the existence of a triable issue of fact at stake in Johnson, a defendant's age is "the kind of issue that trial judges, not appellate judges, confront almost daily. Institutionally speaking, appellate judges enjoy no comparative expertise in such matters." Id. at 316, 115 S.Ct. 2151. Thus, "interlocutory appeals are less likely to bring important error-correcting benefits here than where purely legal matters are at issue." Id. Second, like the issue at stake in Johnson, the issue of a defendant's age, "if appealable, can consume inordinate amounts of appellate time." Id. Resolving such a factual controversy may require reviewing an extensive pretrial record and lead to greater delay than resolving a purely legal issue. Id. Finally, "the close connection between this kind of issue and the factual matter that will likely surface at trial means that the appellate court . . . may well be faced with approximately the same factual issue again." Id. Gomez-Gomez asserts that at trial, he "would be free to introduce evidence that he was a mere teenager in support of his defense that he was not a leader of a drug operation." (Merit Brief of Defendant-Appellant Rigoberto Gomez Gomez at 37). Therefore, an interlocutory appeal concerning a defendant's age in this type of case might force an appellate court to decide an issue identical to one that it will most likely have to decide in a later appeal. Johnson, 515 U.S. at 317, 115 S.Ct. 2151.
Thus, this Court lacks interlocutory appellate jurisdiction to consider Gomez-Gomez's appeals from the denials of his three pre-trial motions. If Gomez-Gomez is convicted and sentenced, then he may challenge the district court's denial of his motion to dismiss at that time.
B. Petition for a Writ of Mandamus
In addition to his direct appeal, Gomez-Gomez petitions for two alternative forms of relief in mandamus. He requests that this Court: (1) direct the district court to order the depositions of the five proposed Mexican witnesses and reconsider its jurisdiction; *471 or (2) order the depositions of the five proposed witnesses and then hold an evidentiary hearing itself.
"Mandamus is a drastic remedy that should be invoked only in extraordinary cases where there is a clear and indisputable right to the relief sought." United States v. Young, 424 F.3d 499, 504 (6th Cir.2005). This Court, In re Parker, 49 F.3d 204, 207 (6th Cir.1995), considers five factors in determining whether extraordinary circumstances warrant mandamus relief:
1) whether the party seeking the writ has no other adequate means, such as direct appeal, to attain the relief needed;
2) whether the petitioner will be damaged or prejudiced in a way not correctable on appeal; 3) whether the district court's order is clearly erroneous as a matter of law; 4) whether the district court's order is an oft-repeated error, or manifests a persistent disregard of the federal rules; 5) whether the district court's order raises new and important problems, or issues of law of first impression.
The balance of these factors weighs against mandamus relief. It is true that under the second factor, Gomez-Gomez may be prejudiced in a way not correctable on appeal if he is in fact a juvenile and is forced to go through trial without the protections of the Juvenile Delinquency Act. Cf. Chambers, 944 F.2d at 1258 (describing the special protections afforded juveniles by the Juvenile Delinquency Act). However, the other four factors weigh against mandamus relief.
Under the first factor, Gomez-Gomez may obtain review of the district court's decisions on direct appeal if he is convicted. See In re Ford, 987 F.2d 334, 342 (6th Cir.1992) (holding that petitioner failed to demonstrate that he had no adequate alternative means of relief when he could appeal from the final judgment).
Under the third factor, the district court's orders are not clearly erroneous as a matter of law. The district court's decision to deny Gomez-Gomez's motion for reconsideration is not clearly erroneous. The district court denied Gomez-Gomez's motion to dismiss on January 12, 2010, and Gomez-Gomez filed his motion to reconsider on February 12. The motion was untimely because it was filed more than fourteen days after entry of the district court's order.[3]See United States v. Correa-Gomez, 328 F.3d 297, 299 (6th Cir.2003) (holding that "a motion for reconsideration or rehearing of a final judgment in a criminal case must be filed within the period provided by Fed. R.App. P. 4(b)(1)," which is fourteen days).[4] Furthermore, Gomez-Gomez *472 failed to inform the district court why his additional witness testimony in support of his claim that he was a juvenile was not previously available to him. This omission provided a valid basis for the district court to deny the motion on the merits. See, e.g., Sommer v. Davis, 317 F.3d 686, 691 (6th Cir.2003) (holding that a district court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to consider new evidence on a motion to reconsider when movants failed to explain why their own witness's opinion was unavailable to them earlier). Moreover, the district court's reasons for denying the underlying motion to dismiss were compelling.
The district court's decision denying Gomez-Gomez's request to depose witnesses also was not clearly erroneous. Rule 15 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure provides that "[a] party may move that a prospective witness be deposed in order to preserve testimony for trial. The court may grant the motion because of exceptional circumstances and in the interest of justice." However, Gomez-Gomez's motion did not seek to depose the witnesses to preserve testimony for trial, but to provide further evidence in support of his motion to dismiss, which the district court had denied. The district court found that Gomez-Gomez did not provide sufficient information to indicate that the witnesses were unavailable, he failed to demonstrate how the testimony was material to the offenses charged, and he gave no consideration to the arrangements that the United States or his detained codefendants would need to make to attend depositions in Mexico. This decision is not clearly erroneous.
The district court's denial of Gomez-Gomez's motion to enlarge his time to appeal was also not clearly erroneous. Rule 4(b)(4) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure provides that "[u]pon a finding of excusable neglect or good cause, the district court may . . . extend the time to file a notice of appeal for a period not to exceed 30 days from the expiration of the time otherwise prescribed by this Rule 4(b)." Gomez-Gomez's motion made no mention of excusable neglect. He offered as "good cause" that "counsel completed additional research involving cases outside of the Sixth Circuit that might persuade the Sixth Circuit to entertain the appeal." However, researching appealability is within the control of counsel. Cf. Bishop v. Corsentino, 371 F.3d 1203, 1207 (10th Cir.2004) (explaining that "good cause" applies in situations in which there is no fault and the extension is necessary because of some factor not within the control of the movant); United States v. Hirsch, 207 F.3d 928, 929 (7th Cir.2000) (suggesting that a court "clerk's failure to perform a ministerial act whose omission could have serious consequences for a criminal defendant" would constitute "good cause"). Researching case law is a typical prefatory step common to the appeal process. Cf. Bishop, 371 F.3d at 1207 ("Counsel's need to review the record, consult with the client, and, where counsel deems it desirable to obtain an additional legal perspective, are typical prefatory steps common to the appeal process."). Gomez-Gomez failed to indicate to the district court why the additional research could not have been completed within the normal time to appeal. Thus, the district court did not clearly err in denying Gomez-Gomez's motion to enlarge his time to appeal. Therefore, the fact that none of the district court's decisions are clearly erroneous weighs against mandamus relief.
Under the fourth and fifth factors, the district court's orders are not oft-repeated errors, and they do not raise issues of law of first impression. It seems that this is the first time that a defendant has challenged *473 a factual finding that he is an adult before trial, and as discussed above, the determination of Gomez-Gomez's juvenile or adult status is a purely factual determination. Because only one of the five factors weighs in favor of granting mandamus relief, we deny Gomez-Gomez's petition.
III. CONCLUSION
Because Gomez-Gomez's appeals from the denials of three pre-trial motions do not meet the requirements of the collateral order doctrine, we find that this Court lacks jurisdiction to consider them. Because Gomez-Gomez has not shown a clear and indisputable right to mandamus relief, we deny his petition for a writ of mandamus.
APPEAL DISMISSED.
NOTES
[1] Gomez-Gomez claims that the birth certificates were not admissible under the Federal Rules of Evidence because they were not authenticated. However, the United States offered them not as certified birth certificates, but simply as documents that were in the possession of the Gomez family at the time of a search. (R.E. No. 129, Transcript of Motion Hearing Proceedings, at 183). The district court clarified that they were not certified birth certificates but had other probative value. (Id. at 184). Thus, the district court did not err in considering the birth certificates as evidence of Gomez-Gomez's age. Cf. United States v. Salgado-Ocampo, 50 F.Supp.2d 908, 912-13 (D.Minn.1999) ("Not a single piece of evidence reviewed in this opinion concerning the date of defendant's birth is entirely reliable, each having its own individual failings as noted above by the court. While such evidence may not be admissible in the context of a trial, for purposes of this proceeding the court has no choice but to choose the most reliable evidence and determine defendant's date of birth.").
[2] Gomez-Gomez and his amicus curiae, the United States of Mexico, express concern that the district court could make a factual finding that Gomez-Gomez was born before the October 1, 1992 birthdate listed for him on the Mexican birth certificate bearing an Apostille certification. However, the district court admitted the exhibit into evidence, and it did not err in declining to give it conclusive weight. The Hague Conference on Private International Law has clarified the effects of an Apostille certification: "An Apostille only certifies the origin of the public document to which it relates . . . . An Apostille does not certify the content of the public document to which it relates." Hague Conference on Private International Law, The ABCs of Apostilles: How to Ensure That Your Public Documents Will be Recognized Abroad 23 (2010), available at http://www.hcch.net/upload/abc12e.pdf. Thus, the district court did not err by declining to give the birth certificate conclusive weight.
[3] Gomez-Gomez claims that it is inconsistent to consider the district court's denial of his motion for reconsideration a final judgment for the purpose of determining the timeliness of his appeal, but not for the purpose of determining whether the order is immediately appealable. However, this Court has confronted a similar situation and found no such inconsistency. See Keith v. Bobby, 618 F.3d 594, 598 & n. 3 (6th Cir.2010) (noting that although an Order of Transfer was a "final order" for the purposes of the deadline to file a motion to alter or amend a judgment, "[t]his holding does not affect the general rule that a transfer order is not final and appealable for the purposes of 28 U.S.C. § 1291").
[4] The district court stated that "Fed. R.App. P. 4(b)(1) requires that an appeal be filed in a criminal case within ten days of the date the order was filed from which a defendant is appealing." This statement is incorrect because the Rule was amended in 2009, effective December 1, 2009, to increase the time for filing a notice of appeal from ten to fourteen days. See Fed. R.App. P. 4 advisory committee notes (2009 Amendments). However, this misstatement is harmless because Gomez-Gomez filed his motion to reconsider thirty days after the order was filed.
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<BoneName>Root</BoneName>
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<HasScale>false</HasScale>
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<X>-0.007077</X>
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|
/*
This Software is provided under the Zope Public License (ZPL) Version 2.1.
Copyright (c) 2014 by the mingw-w64 project
See the AUTHORS file for the list of contributors to the mingw-w64 project.
This license has been certified as open source. It has also been designated
as GPL compatible by the Free Software Foundation (FSF).
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions in source code must retain the accompanying copyright
notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the accompanying
copyright notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer
in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
distribution.
3. Names of the copyright holders must not be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without prior written permission
from the copyright holders.
4. The right to distribute this software or to use it for any purpose does
not give you the right to use Servicemarks (sm) or Trademarks (tm) of
the copyright holders. Use of them is covered by separate agreement
with the copyright holders.
5. If any files are modified, you must cause the modified files to carry
prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of
any change.
Disclaimer
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "softmath_private.h"
long double log1pl(long double x)
{
#if defined(__arm__) || defined(_ARM_)
return log1p(x);
#else
#error Not supported on your platform yet
#endif
}
|
Report: Trump ends covert plan to arm Syrian rebels
President Donald Trump speaks in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Wednesday, July 19, 2017, during a "Made in America," roundtable event. (Alex Brandon/AP)
WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump has decided to halt the CIA’s years-long covert program to arm and train moderate Syrian rebels battling the regime of the nation’s president Bashar al-Assad. Russia had long pushed the United States to end the program.
The phasing out of the secret program was reported by The Washington Post on Wednesday. Officials told the newspaper that ending the operation reflects Trump’s interest in finding ways to work with Russia.
The program was a key component begun by the Obama administration in 2013 to put pressure on Assad to relinquish power. But even its supporters have questioned its usefulness since Moscow sent forces in Syria two years later.
Russia long saw the anti-Assad program as an assault on its interests. Ending the plan, in addition to appeasing Russian President Vladimir Putin, is also an acknowledgment of the United States’ limited ability to remove Assad from power.
White House Deputy Press Secretary Sarah Sanders declined to comment on the reported end of the program and said she did not know if it was discussed during a pair of conversations — including one just revealed on Tuesday — that Trump had with Putin at an international summit earlier this month.
The CIA declined comment on the report.
The White House had previously condemned Assad and just three months ago Trump launched dozens of airstrikes against a Syrian air base after the United States accused the Syrian regime of using chemical weapons on its own people.
After the Trump-Putin meeting, the United States and Russia announced an agreement to back a new cease-fire in southwest Syria, where many of the CIA-supported rebels have worked.
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Trump made the decision nearly a month ago, after an Oval Office meeting with national security adviser H.R. McMaster and CIA Director Mike Pompeo, according to the newspaper. And officials told The Washington Post that the move to end the program to arm the anti-Assad rebels was not a condition of the cease-fire. |
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Best Ever
Posted by C. Morgan
I also bought the round table--26" diameter & 26" high. Made the table skirt--5yd at 40.00 per yard!! Beautiful!! Had to protect my investment so ordered the glass top. Arrived quickly and in perfect condition--no shipping charges! Looks beautiful...the table is great with shelving below for storage. You can't go wrong with Ready to Cover.
tabletop
Posted by rheemock
Highly recommend this seller. Glass is so nice for the price, and free shipping made it super great. Thanks!
beautiful table glass
Posted by Unknown
So pleased with this tabletop glass. The price was great, just can't find the words to say thank you. Free shipping made this a super great deal. Highly recommend this seller. |
Q:
reproduce data grid structure with push
I got this structure to set up my data grid
var gridStructureVK4000 = [{
cells : [
[{
field : "Datum",
name : "Datum",
//width : "12.5%",
styles : 'text-align: center;'
}, {
field : "VERSENDET_PDF",
name : "VERSENDET_PDF",
//width : "15%",
styles : 'text-align: center;'
}, {
field : "FAKTUREN_POSTBILLING",
name : "FAKTUREN_POSTBILLING",
//width : "15%",
styles : 'text-align: center;'
}
]
]
}
];
but I want to build this structure by my own over the "push" function to make my code more flexible. This is what I got so far:
var gridStructureVK4000 = {
cells : []
};
for (var i = 0; i <= 6; i++) {
gridStructureVK4000.cells.push({
field : metricNames[i-1],
name : metricNames[i-1],
styles : gridStyle
});
}
}
Can anybody help me reproduce the structure over the push statement?
A:
replace push statement with
gridStructureVK4000.cells = [];
gridStructureVK4000.cells[0].push([{
field : metricNames[i-1],
name : metricNames[i-1],
styles : gridStyle
}]);
Basically your cells array has an array
|
Knitter makes hats for premature babies
When knitting for charitable causes premature baby wards are always grateful to receive extra woollen clothing to help keep the infants warm.
It can be difficult to find clothing which is the right size to fit these babies, so having smaller hats, booties and cardigans available can be an invaluable asset.
Muriel Garvey from Ontario, Canada is one woman who has spent many years knitting baby hats for premature babies.
She told the Brantford Expositor that she has made more than 1,000 knitted caps over the years for grateful parents and staff at the Brant Community Healthcare System.
Karen Wood, team lead in the maternal child programme at the centre, told the newspaper that the woollen hats were a perfect gift for the premature babies and newborns.
She explained: "Babies lose their heat from their head and their temperature regulation system is immature. So it is very important to their transition time or health that they have their heads covered, especially immediately after birth."
Hats can be incredibly quick and easy to make, especially if they are designed to fit on babies' heads.
Before embarking on a batch of caps get in touch with the relevant beneficiaries of the hats to ascertain just what they are looking for from the hat.
When making clothes for babies it is important to use very soft wool which will not irritate theirsensate skin and to pick yarns which can be washed regularly without shrinking.
It is advisable to use a range of coloured yarns to help fit the preferences of different parents and to make a variety of sizes for the babies.
Bobbles are best to be avoided with newborns so use simple knitting patterns which don't require added pieces which could come loose, especially after repeat washing. |
Q:
Problem with importing contact from outlook different version through .net code
I created code for importing contact from outlook. Created application in .net framework with version 4.0 in C#.
code is as follows -
OutLook._Application outlookObj = new OutLook.Application();
outlookObj.ActiveExplorer();
OutLook.MAPIFolder contactsFolder = (OutLook.MAPIFolder)outlookObj.Session
.GetDefaultFolder(OutLook.OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);
comboDelimiter.Properties.Items.Clear();
if (!comboDelimiter.Properties.Items.Contains("Default"))
{
comboDelimiter.SelectedText = "Default";
comboDelimiter.Properties.Items.Add("Default");
}
//VERIFYING THE CUSTOM FOLDER IN OUT LOOK .
foreach (OutLook.MAPIFolder subFolder in contactsFolder.Folders)
{
if (!comboDelimiter.Properties.Items.Contains(subFolder.Name))
{
comboDelimiter.Properties.Items.Add(subFolder.Name);
}
}
This function is used for reading contacts from the particular folder of the outlook contact -
private DataSet GetContactsFromFolder(string folderName)
{
object missing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
//create instance of Outlook application and Outlook Contacts folder.
try
{
OutLook.MAPIFolder fldContacts = null;
OutLook._Application outlookObj = new OutLook.Application();
if (folderName == "Default")
{
fldContacts = (OutLook.MAPIFolder)outlookObj.Session
.GetDefaultFolder(OutLook.OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);
}
else
{
OutLook.MAPIFolder contactsFolder = (OutLook.MAPIFolder)outlookObj.Session
.GetDefaultFolder(OutLook.OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);
//VERIFYING THE CUSTOM FOLDER IN OUT LOOK .
foreach (OutLook.MAPIFolder subFolder in contactsFolder.Folders)
{
if (subFolder.Name == folderName)
{
fldContacts = subFolder;
break;
}
}
}
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
dt.Columns.Add("Col" + i,Type.GetType ("System.String"));
}
foreach (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook._ContactItem contactItem in fldContacts.Items)
{
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
dr[0] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.FirstName);
dr[1] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.LastName);
dr[2] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.MobileTelephoneNumber);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contactItem.Email1Address))
dr[3] = contactItem.Email1Address;
else
dr[3] = contactItem.Email2Address;
dr[4] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.HomeAddress);
dr[5] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.BusinessTelephoneNumber);
dr[6] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.HomeTelephoneNumber);
dr[7] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.CompanyName);
dr[8] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.Birthday);
dr[9] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.Anniversary);
dr[10] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.JobTitle);
dr[11] = Convert.ToString(contactItem.HomeFaxNumber);
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}
ds.Tables.Add(dt);
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
return ds;
}
I added dll for this ,is of Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook with version 9.2 Description is Microsoft.Office 11.0 Object Library
It imports contact from outlook 2007 version but
when i'm importing contact from outlook 2010 then it is not importing contact.
How to resolve this problem?
A:
You are working with version specific MS Office interop components.
What you need to use is a non-version specific MS Office framework/library such as:
NetOffice - The easiest way to use Office in .NET
http://netoffice.codeplex.com/
.NET Wrapper Assemblies for accessing Microsoft Office, Excel, Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access, Project
With features such as:
Office integration without version limitations
All objects, methods,
properties and events of the Office versions 2000, 2002, 2003, 2007,
2010 are included
Syntactically and semantically identical to the Microsoft Interop Assemblies No deployment hurdles, no problematic registration, no dependencies, no interop assemblies, no need for VSTO
There is an example of how to get a list of Outlook contacts in C# here:
http://netoffice.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=Outlook_Example05
|
SEATTLE—Announcing the conclusion of their landmark study, researchers from the University of Washington confirmed Tuesday that meditation can significantly reduce stress but added that they totally get it if you were just venting and weren’t actually looking for advice right now. “Based on a six-month double-blind study, we can state with a high degree of confidence that regular meditation can help reduce epinephrine and lead to decreased blood pressure, heart rate, and metabolism, but we’re not meaning to push that on you if you just needed to blow off some steam about how much you’ve got going on recently,” said lead researcher Emily Kurtz, noting that while entering a state of advanced relaxation has been shown to decrease the flow of cortisol and improve cardiovascular health, she and her fellow researchers weren’t trying to fix you or anything and understood if you just needed a sympathetic ear. “Our findings also suggest that the focused attention, deep breathing, and calm thoughts associated with meditation may even reduce the occurrence of ailments including asthma, chronic pain, and some forms of cancer, but again, maybe you’re just feeling frustrated and aren’t looking for a laundry list of self-improvement techniques, so we just wanted to mention our conclusions and we’ll leave it there.” Kurtz added that their research had also uncovered significant health risks associated with a sedentary lifestyle, but they could wait to talk about that until you were in a better mood.
Advertisement |
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Part of Odoo. See LICENSE file for full copyright and licensing details.
{
'name': 'Skills Certification',
'category': 'Hidden',
'version': '1.0',
'summary': 'Add certification to resumé of your employees',
'description':
"""
Certification and Skills for HR
===============================
This module adds certification to resumé for employees.
""",
'depends': ['hr_skills', 'survey'],
'data': [
'views/hr_templates.xml',
'data/hr_resume_data.xml',
],
'qweb': [
'static/src/xml/resume_templates.xml',
],
'auto_install': True,
}
|
videodev.h
Am 17.12.2011 16:11, schrieb jarmo:
> lauantai, 17. joulukuuta 2011 14:19:53 Frank Murphy kirjoitti:
>> On 17/12/11 14:10, jarmo wrote:
>>> Hi
>>> Just tried to compile zoneminder i fc 16,
>>>> Why?
>>>> yum install zoneminder
>> I was sure, i get this answer, sorry, package does not worky, if I use it.
> I can get zonem running, but no capture. Always have been this way.
> Have to compile it
so why do you not notice that you know the package-managment
if you are sure what answer you get and consider making a
brugreport instead permanently doing the same?
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Interstate tolls looming for metro area
Transportation legislation requires state to submit plan by end of 2018, but federal approval is required before it happens.
Motorists will face the possibility of tolls on Interstates 5 and 205 in the metropolitan area, but not until 2019 after a study is completed — and only if the Federal Highway Administration says yes.
Tolls are envisioned as part of the multibillion-dollar plan for transportation projects approved by the 2017 Oregon Legislature.
The legislation (House Bill 2017) also requires the Oregon Department of Transportation to report by February — six months away — how much it will cost to widen I-205 between Stafford Road and the George Abernethy Bridge and to reinforce the bridge against severe earthquakes.
But the bill provides no specific funding for that work, unlike two other major highway projects proposed in the region. Some money for I-205 was included in an initial version proposing $8.2 billion in spending over 10 years, but it was dropped in the final plan for $5.3 billion.
"There is something in this package for everyone," said Clackamas County Commissioner Paul Savas, who is on the Joint Advisory Committee on Transportation for Metro.
"There is also something in this package for everyone to dislike. I hope people will support it. We all are not going to win but we all are going to have to pay for it."
Toll plan in 2018
The legislation directs the Oregon Transportation Commission, ODOT's policy-making board, to submit a tolling proposal to the Federal Highway Administration by the end of 2018.
I-5 and I-205 are affected from their junction in Tualatin north to the Columbia River. That's about 20 miles of I-5 and 25 miles of I-205.
If the federal agency says yes, the state commission must inform lawmakers and implement the proposal. No public vote is required.
ODOT's Portland regional office will set up a committee with local officials and others to advise the agency about what is described as "value pricing."
Possibilities include tolls during hours of peak traffic congestion, or an express toll lane — similar to what is in operation on I-405 on Seattle's eastern suburbs — that is alongside regular traffic lanes. California also has some toll roads.
"What they entail is charging a price for the use of a transportation facility that varies based on the time of day or the level of congestion on the facility," said Travis Brouwer, ODOT assistant director for public affairs.
"We need to develop some form of variable-rate pricing of roads that would help address some of our congestion concerns."
Brouwer and other ODOT officials spoke at a commission meeting Thursday (July 20).
Oregon law dating back more than two decades already allows for tolls. The state commission worked on detailed policies between 2009 and 2012, and it discussed tolls with an expert from Cambridge Systematics on May 18.
"I remember how much time we spent on tolling a few years ago and how complex it is," said state commission member Dave Lohman of Ashland. "I am nervous about delivering in that (18-month) time frame."
Tolls have not been imposed in Oregon. The proposed Columbia River Crossing between Portland and Vancouver, Wash., envisioned them, but Oregon dropped work on the bridge project after the Washington Legislature failed to act in 2013.
The key decision lies with the Federal Highway Administration, because tolls are generally barred from existing interstate highways. (Some of them already were toll roads, particularly in the East Coast and Midwest, before the interstate system was established in the mid-1950s.)
The agency can grant exceptions to the no-toll rule if those highways cannot be maintained or improved without tolls. Exceptions also are allowed for conversions to high-occupancy traffic lanes.
Savas said that from Clackamas County's perspective, the process needs to be accelerated.
"We cannot be in limbo for another year and a half about whether tolling is going to work or not," he said.
Mixed reactions
Although their word is only advisory, Clackamas County commissioners expressed mixed feelings Tuesday (July 18) on the possibility of tolls.
Commissioner Ken Humberston said tolling is a last resort — and so are the expansions proposed for I-205.
"The reality is that … you are not going to expand your way by freeway out of this traffic (congestion) as long as the area is growing," he said.
"That's been tried in every other metropolitan area in this country and it does not work. If you build more freeways there will be more cars. In the final analysis it is going to take alternative forms of transportation to reduce congestion."
Board Chairman Jim Bernard expressed strong disappointment at the omission of I-205 funding. He said it makes no sense to impose tolls on I-205 but not on I-5.
"If they are not going to fix I-205, that is not a value proposition to me," he said.
Several Clackamas County lawmakers voted against HB 2017, some because it omits funding for I-205 work and some because it allows tolls on I-205 and I-5. But their votes were essentially protests; HB 2017 passed the House, 39-20, and the Senate, 22-7.
Among them were Reps. Karin Power of Milwaukie and Janelle Bynum of Happy Valley, both Democrats who mentioned the cost to residents and the uncertainty about I-205 work.
"Anything that raises the cost of getting around is troubling to me," Power was quoted as saying in Willamette Week.
Rep. Mark Meek of Gladstone also was among the six Democrats opposed, as well as 14 Republicans.
ODOT's Brouwer said there are other considerations for tolls, such as billing, collecting and customer service, which ODOT is likely to contract out.
"It may not pencil out in certain areas. There are a lot of components that go into whether something is viable," said Tammy Baney of Bend, the state commission chairwoman and a Deschutes County commissioner.
"But I think we are at a crossroads in Oregon. We need to look at all options to make sure we are exhausting those and taking into consideration all factors."
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twitter.com/capitolwong
No funding guarantee
The legislation itself contains no funding, but the new Oregon transportation package (HB 2017) requires legislators to get an estimate of how much it will cost for major work on Interstate 205.
The work calls for widening six miles of I-205 between Stafford Road and the George Abernethy Bridge from two to three lanes each way, and to strengthen that bridge against earthquakes.
The deadline for the Oregon Department of Transportation to submit an estimate is Feb. 1.
The bridge, which spans the Willamette River and connects West Linn and Oregon City, was built in 1970, before I-205 was completed in 1982. ODOT has twice applied for federal grants for the project, which was estimated at a $122 million total back in December, but both bids failed to win a share of an annual national pot of $850 million.
Other work on I-205 is envisioned in HB 2017: Congestion relief in Multnomah County between Powell Boulevard and the interchange with I-84, and traffic management signals similar to those already in use on Highway 217. But that work is separate from the more costly highway widening and bridge strengthening.
I-205 is designated as a corridor of national significance under 2015 congressional legislation that renewed federal transportation spending authority for five years.
Unlike two other high-priority regional highway projects — auxiliary lanes on Highway 217 in Washington County, and a reworking of the Rose Quarter interchange of I-5 and I-84 in Portland — the 2017 legislation does not guarantee money for I-205.
The Highway 217 work is estimated at $100 million. ODOT must submit an estimate for the Rose Quarter project by February 2020, two years after the I-205 project, but a portion of increased fuel taxes under the 2017 legislation is earmarked for bonds to help pay for what is likely to be a costly project. |
We Are Programmers
Year 3′s computing topic “We are Programmers” has produced some HILARIOUS results!
We had to create an animation using an algorithm in the program “Scratch”. We decided to tell jokes. We had to design our storyboard, then create our sprites and background. After that we had to animate our jokes by making the characters tell the joke. We also had to add a sound and debug our animation to make sure it worked.
Click the graphics below to see the results and be sure to leave a comment! |
Kevin Gilbride Giants Off. Coordinator
I’m not looking at what is happening to Eli. I’m looking at what’s happening down the field. I was wondering what the heck is going on and why he wasn’t throwing the ball because there was no one near Tyree. I’m screaming at him, “Throw the ball! Throw the ball!” I look over and I see the end of it where he is spinning out of the grasp of one or two linemen. Finally, he throws it up. By the time he throws it up, the far safety is playing two deep on the other side, on Plaxico’s side, and he’s able to come over. He sees how wide open Tyree is..
David Tyree Giants WR
I saw some green grass toward the middle of the field and just felt like as soon as I nestled into it, he gave me shot. It kind of had that “Chariots of Fire” music in the background as I am sizing up the football. I remember going up with two hands to make a play and I knew there would be contact, so in my mind I am just mentally bracing myself for the contact. So I go up with two hands and I remember the contact and I knew I had it and the only thing that I am saying in my mind is, “I got this and I am not letting this go.”
Tom Coughlin Giants Head Coach
On the Friday prior to the Super Bowl game, David Tyree probably has the worst practice of anybody I’ve ever seen. He can’t catch a thing, he drops every ball, ball hits him in the helmet, ball hits him in the shoulder, just he can’t catch anything that day.
Michael Strahan Giants DE
Couldn’t catch a cold. Couldn’t catch a cold butt-naked in the wintertime, man.
Tom Coughlin Giants Head Coach
When it’s over, Eli goes to him and says, “David, don’t worry about it. I understand. When it counts, when it’s necessary, you’ll make the play for us.”
"
Are you kidding me? Nah, there’s nothing I would do differently. Shoot, it was a football play.
Rodney Harrison
Eli Manning Giants QB
I saw a white jersey in the middle of the field. I was looking down the field just for somebody. I saw David and we were just kind of running out of time. It was third down and saw him in the middle, thought I’d put it up for him and give him a chance where hopefully he could catch it.
Plaxico Burress Giants WR
Rodney goes for the ball. If Rodney just runs into D.T.’s legs and flips him over, he doesn't make that play. But Rodney being Rodney, sometimes he's too smart for his own good. He's a ball hawk, he wanted that interception, and D.T. basically took it from him. I remember going over to David Tyree and I grab him like, “Oh my gosh, man, do you know what you just did? You saved the Super Bowl for us.”
Rodney Harrison Patriots Safety
Are you kidding me? Nah, there’s nothing I would do differently. Shoot, it was a football play. You get one of the toughest safeties in the history of the NFL trying to knock the ball out and it didn’t come out – big deal. They didn’t score on that [catch]. That’s what people don’t realize. You didn’t score on that [catch]. We still have football left. We have plenty of football left. That drained us. That took our focus off what it should have been: the very next play. That’s what I was more so disappointed about. I mean, a one in a million catch, it happens. It happens. But the thing I was most frustrated about is our inability to respond because we had responded so many times, so well during that year, and that was our character, that was our makeup. And for us not to respond was very disappointing.
David Tyree Giants WR
I remember Steve Smith coming up with some expletives. He is like, “Get off him, get off him. He caught it.” So I called Steve my bodyguard on that play because he was talking crap to Rodney for me.
Plaxico Burress Giants WR
The place is going bananas and David Tyree is like, “I don't know what's going on.” I'm like, “What are you talking about, boy? Get off the field.”
David Tyree Giants WR
I didn’t know anything about the catch. I’m looking at Eli like, “This guy, he just made the play of a lifetime.” Which he did, not knowing really anything that happened on my end. So all the credit, especially initially in those interviews, just went totally to Eli because I really didn’t know anything about the helmet. I had no idea, man. All I remember is getting that second hand back on the football, and I knew I secured it. And then at that point, you know, it’s just football and it’s kind of just like a blur at that point.
Mike Carey Super Bowl Referee
Our crew was right in tune with it. They had everything covered from every angle. I took a look at the replay the other day, and just the concentration in [back judge Scott Helverson’s] eyes and then Gary Slaughter, who was the line judge, he was the one who relayed the signal. And if you notice, we were there, got the ball spotted and were ready to go for the next play before Eli calls his timeout.
Amani Toomer Giants WR
The referees were spotting the ball, so I remember running up to the side like, “FedEx.” So every time there is a play before they can replay it, we say “FedEx,” which is a power play just so they can't go back and review the play. So I am like, “Everybody get up.” And then Eli was like, “Calm down, guys, calm down, we've got this.” So as soon as I saw it on the replay and I saw it on slow motion and you see it never hit the ground, I remember talking to Plaxico and Plaxico was like, “Man, we can't lose this game now.”
Domenik Hixon Giants WR
Before that play happened, the guys with the [Super Bowl champion] T-shirts were passing them out on the sidelines because they thought we were done. The disrespect shown almost made it like Eli was going to do it. It felt like it was a perfect dream.
Troy Aikman Fox Analyst
I think my analysis was something like – I was incredulous as far as the Eli escaping the rush and then the catch. It was just one of those moments when you just say, “Holy cow.” You just try not to be too much of the guy sitting on the couch responding to the play. But at the same time, it was one of those just bizarre moment that you’re like, “Did I really just see what I just saw?”
Joe Buck FOX Play-by-Play
I’m sure if you had a camera on us when that was ruled a catch and we’re looking at the replays, I’m sure our faces were showing shock that somebody can pull down a catch like that, basically pressing it against his helmet. And then of all people, it was David Tyree, who is known really for one moment – I wouldn’t say he would be the first guy you would name who is going to make some circus catch in that Super Bowl, but that’s kind of what those moments are. Somebody rises to the occasion, and a lot of times it’s not the guy you go in thinking is going to do it.
Troy Aikman FOX Analyst
It happens a lot to where maybe we can’t or won’t or don’t say something on the air and then we go to the commercial break and it’s like one of those, “Are you s******* me? What’s going on?” Those are the games, those are the moments that really make my job fun and a real privilege to be a part of it.
Joe Buck FOX Play-by-Play
It’s true. You can’t be the fan. You can’t be the guy overreacting at a Super Bowl party. You’re the guy there calling it. You have to err on the side of caution on plays like that. The easy ones to call are the ones where the guy is 20 yards behind the defense and it’s clearly a catch and he’s running to the end zone – anybody can call that. It’s the ones we’re talking about like the one with Tyree where you better be sure or egg is on your face as opposed to what happened on the field.
Bob Papa Radio Voice of Giants
Dick Lynch was in the booth, too, may he rest in peace. That was his last game he ever called before he passed away. I remember Dick sitting back -- and he always had an unlit cigar -- and I remember him saying something afterwards like, “Bobby, that is the most incredible thing. I’ve seen a lot of stuff. They’re not going to lose this game.”
Michael Strahan Giants DE
When he caught the ball, game was over. We didn’t have to score a touchdown at that point, the game was already over. We knew we were going to win because I felt our story was too great and our season was too great to end with a loss. After he caught the ball, it was like, “The miracle continues.”
David Tyree Giants WR
When I get back to the hotel, obviously it’s like a fiesta and the hotel is now party central and it was great and I was just living in the moment, hanging out downstairs with family, friends, you know, embracing teammates. And I said, “I need to go see what this thing looks like.” So I finally just run inside, they’ve got TVs playing highlights and I see the catch, and I’m like, for the first time in my life, my jaw drops. That was the first time in my life I was impressed with my own work. Then it really set in the next day because I never really had media attention really in my career and they’re asking me to do some stuff on camera from Arizona. The next thing, this storm arises as far as what is being called the greatest catch in Super Bowl history.
Bill Simmons The Ringer / Patriots Fan
(via email): I cannot talk about that game, be involved in an oral history about it, anything. I hate that game. |
Q:
What is IPv4 Autoconfiguration and why it overwrites static IP
I have to connect to a router with a static IP and subnet (machine automation, not internet). In ipconfig, subnet mask shows the subnet address I inputed but the IP is assigned a different one from the address I inputted. The previous computer connects properly and the only difference I notice in ipconfig is the new computer has "Autoconfiguration IPv4".
What is IPv4 Autoconfiguration? IP should be assigned from the router's DHCP, and if there is a IP-MAC conflict I should receive an error message. Why is IPv4 Autoconfiguration appear in PC's command prompt instead of the usual IPv4 in this case?
Googling yield a solution but that require modification of the registry to disable Autoconfiguration. I had already had the latest driver update. I suspect there is an alternative solution.
A:
The screenshot shows an IPv4 address that start with 169.254.
This is from the "link local" range (e.g., RFC 3927 page 31 discusses what Windows XP using these addresses). Some people call these addresses "APIPA" addresses, named after Windows XP's process called Automatic Private IP Assignment (APIPA).
It seems that as technology has advanced, there are now two causes that commonly resulting in an address in this range.
Windows will use this if it is set to use DHCP, and it tries to get an address from a DHCP server, and fails.
"Duplicate Address Detection" ("DAD") has resulted in noticing an IP address conflict. From the comments that have been made, it seems that the feature of "Duplicate Address Detection" detection may also result in automatically assigning a different IP address, even if an IP address is statically configured.
The potential fixes to having such an address can be:
check the logs to see if there is anything mentioned about a duplicate IP address. If so, try to determine what other device had that address, and why it did. If it got that address by DHCP, try to determine which DHCP server was used by each address that got that address, and troubleshoot the DHCP server(s). (Note that accidentally having an unknown extra DHCP server might be a common cause for this.)
get DHCP communication functioning successfully,
or to go to the NIC properties and specify an "Alternate Configuration" process that uses a specified "User configuration", or to use a static IP address.
Why DHCP isn't working is a separate question. This is the correct answer for specifically what you asked, which is: "What is IPv4 Autoconfiguration".
As for why DCHP overwrites static IP: DHCP usually doesn't. If you see an Autoconfiguration address in Microsoft Windows, then you're not using a "static IP" assignment. (Instead, you're configured to be trying to use DHCP, or DAD is taking effect.)
According to one comment (which was made via a proposed suggested edit), newer versions of Microsoft Windows may silently set an autoconfig IP (instead of showing a message on the screen). This is likely caused by DAD.
Trying to disable DAD might not be a great way to fix the problem, as that may cause the computer to start working on the desired IP address, but not address the issue that another device is trying to use the same IP address (which may cause problems immediately, or later when the other device starts being more active again).
A:
As the alternative to editing registry you can try this solution:
open command line
check id of network connection - it will be in the 1st column: netsh interface ipv4 show inter
run this command replacing <id> with id of your network connection: netsh interface ipv4 set interface <id> dadtransmits=0 store=persistent
open services.msc and disable dhcp client
disconnect network cable, restart computer, start dhcp client service and plug in network cable
source: http://the-it-wonders.blogspot.com/2013/04/autoconfiguration-ipv4-address-196254xx.html
Since I can't add comment to TOOGAM's answer: autoconfiguration apparently can overwrite static ip configuration. Today I had a laptop (with Windows 10, version 1709) that couldn't access network and had both static ip and autoconfiguration ip visible in ipconfig output even though I put static ip in network card configuration.
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