text stringlengths 8 5.77M |
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Source: Pixabay/By Wal_172619
or Covid-19, the recently identified viral illness, has been causing a lot of anxiety and panic around the world. Videos of hospitals from China, where people with face masks, gloves, and full-body protective suits attend to the ill and dying, resemble scenes from sci-fi horror films. And given that nearly every news program is reporting on the viral outbreak (partly because fear sells), we are being exposed to these types of horrifying scenes repeatedly.
Fears of Covid-19
According to a cognitive theory of the origins of fears, our perceptions of vulnerability to a threat might be related to whether we perceive the threat as dangerous, disgusting, uncontrollable, or unpredictable. Let's examine fears of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 from this perspective:
Dangerous illness
Covid-19 is a serious illness, and like many other diseases, it can harm you and people you love and even result in death. If you have a weak immune system (e. ., you have AIDS), are a highly person, or have had a experience with serious illness, you might feel more worried about the dangers of catching this new disease. It is certainly difficult to ignore a disease that has caused roughly 3,000 deaths in a couple of months.
Is Covid-19 a deadly disease?
Putting things in perspective: The 3,000 deaths related to Covid-19 are of a total of nearly 90,000 confirmed cases. The death rate for Covid-19 was initially estimated to be 3-4 percent. A recent report suggests a 1.4 percent death rate, though the actual fatality rate might be even lower than 1 percent, according to a February 28 editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine. This rate is still high when compared with the seasonal flu (roughly 0.1 percent) but certainly less worrisome than SARS (10 percent fatality rate).
The Covid-19 outbreak has been causing a lot of fear and anxiety, partly because it has been spreading quickly and partly because it is new. Nevertheless, presently, its impact does not compare with seasonal flu, which is not new but harmful no less. According to the CDC’s weekly U.S. flu report of February 22, 2020, “So far this season there have been at least 32 million flu illnesses, 310,000 hospitalizations and 18,000 deaths from flu.”
Worldwide, up to 650,000 individuals die from complications of seasonal flu each year. Take a moment to think about that. We can compare this number with other causes of death around the globe, like 470,000 people who lose their lives to homicide and many more who do to suicide. Nearly 1.35 million individuals die each year as a result of car accidents (an additional 20 to 50 million suffer injuries).
Disgusting illness
Common sources of disgust include dirtiness, food, insects and animals, body fluids, sexual acts, injury, and death; therefore, it is no surprise that a flu-like illness (with symptoms like coughing and sometimes vomiting or diarrhea) is disgusting. Disgust also plays a role in prejudice, a disease originating from another country and initially spread by foreigners may result in greater fear in disgust-prone people.
Putting things in perspective: Though many symptoms of the flu (and disease, in general) are disgusting, we must be careful not to generalize our feelings of disgust concerning the viral illness or even disgust at certain Chinese practices—appetite for warm meat, going to wet markets—to disgust toward Chinese people.
While the Chinese in China are fighting this illness, the Chinese in Western countries worry about family and friends in China, are concerned with the spread of the virus in the U.S., and on top of that have to deal with the rise of anti-Chinese sentiments here.
Expressing hostility toward the Chinese is not only harmful to them, but it is also harmful to you because it amplifies your fear and .
We need to fight the virus, not each other.
Source: Pixabay/By Nastya_Gepp
Unpredictable and uncontrollable illness
We cannot know for certain who is carrying the Covid-19 virus (or other contagious and communicable diseases, like the seasonal flu), or when or where an epidemic will start or end. We do not even know if we are carrying the virus or if a current illness is related to Covid-19. Nor can we completely control the spread of the virus, or how the illness will develop in a person. Worse yet, there is no cure for Covid-19.
Putting things in perspective: Though unpredictable and uncontrollable in some ways, the virus’s spread is also somewhat predictable (based on new information on confirmed cases). Had we no information about coronaviruses in general, the current virus’s genetic sequences, or ways of testing possible cases, then it would be truly unpredictable. Furthermore, as is with the seasonal flu, the illness does not appear to be chronic. It will pass.
As far as control, you still have some control in important areas: There are things you can do to reduce the likelihood of catching the Covid-19 virus and becoming ill: Washing your hands regularly, not touching your face, staying three feet away from people who are coughing/sneezing, etc. And if you experience worrisome symptoms, like shortness of breath, you can choose to seek medical care.
Concluding thoughts
Covid-19 is a viral disease and appears to have a fatality rate of roughly 1 percent or less. It is dangerous, but it is not so dangerous we should put our lives on hold. Remember, we all take risks every single day and are exposed to hundreds of potential threats. The goal is to live our lives while also doing what is necessary to reduce the likelihood of being seriously harmed (and harming others). Do not increase your anxiety by staying home and constantly watching the news about the spread of the virus around the globe. Focus on your own location and find a reliable source of information and follow what the health authorities say. Remember, you are . Do not let yourself be blinded by panic. |
Sources of variation in yolk hormone deposition: consistency, inheritance and developmental effects.
Maternal effects occur when the phenotype of the mother affects the phenotype of their offspring. They are thought to have evolved to translate the environmental conditions experienced by the mother into adaptive phenotypic variation of the offspring. However, the integration of environmental cues allowing adaptive responses requires some form of plasticity that depends on the interaction of the maternal phenotype and her environment. In birds, maternal yolk hormones represent such a pathway for maternal effects, and their adaptive significance depends thus on the plasticity in maternal yolk hormone deposition. We studied sources of variation in yolk testosterone deposition, focusing on the often neglected contribution of the (partly heritable) maternal phenotype. We investigated consistency and heritability of yolk testosterone deposition in captive canaries of which the F(1) generation was raised in foster nests and analyzed the potential effects of the early developmental conditions. We found significant female consistency across years in egg mass, yolk mass and total amount of yolk testosterone but not in yolk testosterone concentrations. Females varied the yolk testosterone concentrations of their eggs across years mainly via changes in yolk mass. The heritable variation in egg mass, yolk mass and amount of yolk testosterone but not yolk testosterone concentrations was within the range of previous studies, but not significantly different from zero. Finally, the growth of the daughters as nestling had a significant effect on their yolk testosterone deposition at adulthood indicating the transgenerational potential for environmental effects - via the effects of yolk hormones on offspring development. |
New study to test unusual hypothesis on beta brainwaves
Beta oscillations are tightly linked to Parkinson's disease and the ability to process sensory information, such as touch. Two neuroscientists have brought their collaboration to Brown University and won funding from the National Science Foundation to see if they can finally provide a definitive, if unorthodox, explanation for beta brainwaves.
Before she could seek to convince the world that her computer model of a key brain circuit explains a fundamental, 80-year-old mystery of neuroscience with potential relevance to Parkinson's disease, Stephanie Jones sought to convince Christopher Moore. The new Brown neuroscience professors are now close collaborators, but when they first started talking about the beta oscillations of the cortex, Moore thought Jones was plain wrong, if not a bit nuts.
"I was a complete non-believer," he said. "I told her I didn't think this idea could be right."
Jones retorted, "Now he's testing the model's predictions."
What Jones and Moore now agree upon and will seek to prove with an $830,000 National Science Foundation grant awarded this month is that neurons in the cortex experience beta oscillations (cycles of activity at a rate of about 20 times a second) when they receive a combination of two input signals in just the right two places at the right time and with the right strength. The signals, they believe, originate from the distant basal ganglia and reach the cortex by way of the thalamus.
The research sounds arcane and technical, but these beta oscillations are powerful and meaningful phenomena that have eluded explanation since they were first detected nearly a century ago. Abnormally strong beta oscillations in the cortex are directly associated with Parkinson's disease. The waves seem to increase as we age, even in healthy people. And when the region of the brain that processes the sense of touch, say in the fingers, is overwhelmed by beta oscillations, the processing doesn't happen.
"If you have the beta rhythm in the sensory cortex, our data strongly suggest you will fail at a perceptual task," Moore said, recalling a past human experiment. "You can be sitting here and you tell me you are trying, I know you are trying, you are pushing buttons just like you are trying, but if your cortex happens to show beta right when I tap your finger, you are not going to feel it."
Finding an accurate explanation of beta oscillations might not only help explain why the brain's perceptual circuits are wired the way they are, but could also provide doctors with a rational means for improving deep-brain stimulation treatments for Parkinson's disease and maybe obsessive compulsive disorder where they apply electrical current to parts of the brain that Moore and Jones suspect of relaying beta signals.
"You'd have a mechanistic understanding of why that change [from stimulation] created that change in the circuit," Jones said.
One day at lunch ...
The two launched their discussion a few years ago in the cafeteria at Massachusetts General Hospital when Moore, then at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Jones, then at the hospital, realized that the circuits he studied in the physical brain were the very ones she modeled in a computer. In particular they shared an interest in a touch-perception circuit, technically known as a "thalamocortical circuit in the somatosensory system."
After they began to collaborate, Jones shared that her computational model suggested human data on beta oscillations could best be produced by a delivering a two-signal trigger to neurons in the circuit. One signal comes in at the far end of a neuron where the cell's long branches, or dendrites, extend out. The other, she said, would have to come in at the base of that tree-like structure, where the dendrite extends out from the cell.
In neuroscience orthodoxy, no one has ever said that beta oscillations are triggered by such a combination of two signals but then, orthodoxy has so far failed to explain beta oscillations.
Moore had his doubts but experiments began to show indeed that Jones's model, which simulated a circuit of about 300 cells of about five types, predicted what he could observe in real animal brains. In 2009 and 2010 the two began to publish together in the Journal of Neurocience, the Journal of Neurophysiology, and Neuroimage. All the while they puzzled over where these beta-stimulating, two-factor signals could be coming from. Eventually they traced them, at least hypothetically, back to the "non-specific" area of the thalamus and farther back to the basal ganglia.
At Brown for the big moment
Although each researcher maintains other collaborations, they jumped at the chance to come to Brown last summer. Here they said can collaborate without crossing any bridges and they have access to Brown's computing resources, which can allow Jones's model to expand and run faster.
The groundwork of their hypothesis, their increasingly close collaboration, and their access to resources made their first grant application at Brown a success. Now all they have to do is find out if they are right or wrong.
As they have always done, Moore will lead the physiological side of things. He'll use optogenetics, a new technology in which scientists engineer brain cells to be turned on or off by flashes of light, to take over the circuits of mice from the basal ganglia to the cortex. He'll be able to see whether turning off particular cells in the basal ganglia, for example, causes beta oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to stop, as the hypothesis and the model would suggest.
Meanwhile, Jones will expand the model to incorporate those upstream parts of the brain, the basal ganglia and the thalamus, so that it is more complete. She plans to feed what Moore sees in his experimental results back into the model to refine it as well.
The grant runs through the end of October 2014, which should be enough time for Moore and Jones to find out whether they have traced beta oscillations to their neural roots.
Moore simultaneously discounts and revels in speculation about what the hypothesis would say about the brain if it is indeed true. Does the basal ganglia, which is implicated in habit formation, use beta oscillations to briefly shut down sensory processing in the cortex so that it can focus the brain on that task of forming habits which is why Jones wonders whether it could also relate to OCD? If he took control of the beta oscillations in a mouse, could he give the mouse Parkinsonian symptoms and then turn them off at will?
For now the implications will have to wait for the more basic step of confirming the hypothesis. Like the beta oscillations themselves, the hypothesis may only come to fruition through a perfect combination of researchers coming together at Brown with perfect timing.
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Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have found new evidence that the basal ganglia and the cerebellum, two important areas in the central nervous system, are linked together to form an integrated functional network. ...
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Q:
null-safe mapping Comparator using default implementations
Is there a build-in possibility to create a null-safe mapping comparator in Java 8 without writing a own implementation of Comparator?
When running the following code, it causes a NPE because the keyExtractor argument of Comparator.comparing() may return a null value:
public class ToSort
{
private String sortBy;
public ToSort(String sortBy)
{
this.sortBy = sortBy;
}
public String getSortBy()
{
return sortBy;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// mapping comparator
Comparator<ToSort> comp = Comparator.comparing(ToSort::getSortBy);
SortedSet<ToSort> set = new TreeSet<>(comp);
ToSort o1 = new ToSort("1");
ToSort o2 = new ToSort(null);
set.add(o1);
System.out.println(set.contains(o2)); //NPE because o2.getSortBy() == null
}
}
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.util.Comparator.lambda$comparing$77a9974f$1(Comparator.java:469)
at java.util.Comparator$$Lambda$2/1480010240.compare(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Comparators$NullComparator.compare(Comparators.java:83)
at java.util.TreeMap.getEntryUsingComparator(TreeMap.java:376)
at java.util.TreeMap.getEntry(TreeMap.java:345)
at java.util.TreeMap.containsKey(TreeMap.java:232)
at java.util.TreeSet.contains(TreeSet.java:234)
at test.ToSort.main(ToSort.java:48)
Using
Comparator<ToSort> comp = Comparator.nullsFirst(Comparator.comparing(ToSort::getSortBy));
does not work either as only ToSort objects that are null are treaded properly.
I know how to write my own Comparator implementation, I`m just searching a more "elegant" solution like
Comparator.comparingNullsFirst(ToSort::getSortBy)
A:
Found a possible solution:
Comparator.comparing(ToSort::getSortBy,
Comparator.nullsFirst(Comparator.naturalOrder())
)
|
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The page Dokuro Mitsukai contains mature content that may include coarse language, sexual references, and/or graphic violent images which may be disturbing to some. Mature pages are recommended for those who are 18 years of age and older. If you are 18 years or older or are comfortable with graphic material, you are free to view this page. Otherwise, you should close this page and view another page.
Dr. Wily has declared that this article is still under construction.Please don't delete or edit this article yet, it may contrast with the original author's edits.After I finish this article, the world will be mine! MWAHAHAHAHA!
Contents
Character
Dokuro is a seemingly innocent 12 year old angel from the future. Despite the fact that she is 12-years old, her body is fully developed, the most notable feature of this being her well-endowed bust. Dokuro is easily angered by Sakura, often getting him killed in the process. Though Dokuro constantly kills (and then revives) Sakura when he ends up in compromising positions with her, Dokuro often uses her body to entice Sakura into doings things for her, though she never lets him get too far. To distract Sakura from finding the solution to immortality (she is supposed to kidnap and kill him but, disobeys orders from Enma-Diaou) she once again uses her body pulling up her skirt making Sakura forget about his studies. She is often coveted by most of the boys in the anime, getting Sakura either beat up or yelled at, and she doesn't seem to have any female rivals.
Dokuro Mitsukai is an angel assassin sent from the future to kidnap Sakura Kusakabe and to kill him so that he may never in the future discover immortality. Not much else is known about past.
Personality
Dokuro is a 13-year-old bludgeoning angel of Rurutie (a committee of angels that protect the domain of God) from the future brought back through time to kill Sakura Kusakabe, but decides to save him instead after falling in love with him. As a result, Dokuro vowed to stay by his side to protect him from any of the dangers which may appear. She wields the magical spiked kanabō (club), "Excalibolg", which she uses to brutally club her victims to death to express her displeasure (almost exclusively to Sakura). Dokuro has super-human strength and endurance (because of this she often underestimates her own strength and harms Sakura), and is also capable of bringing anyone back to life with Excalibolg by chanting "Pipiru piru piru pipiru pi". She also can, and does, use her magic to cause humans to transform into animals or to completely erase them from existence, mainly as an excuse to pair up with Sakura. When she is not brutally killing Sakura she teases him mercilessly, mostly using sexual innuendo to activate his more carnal side. Eventually, she founds a school club dedicated to watching wood glue dry, after gaining a teacher's approval using some sort of torture involving "the nerves of your teeth". She promptly coerces Sakura into becoming its second member (by sticking him onto a board and leaving him there until he joins) and has stated her desire to achieve the national championship in this particular 'sport'. As of the second season, Dokuro has become more "comfortable" with Sakura seeing her nude.
Weapon of Choice
She carries around a large spiked bat, Excalibolg, that she puts to use quite frequently due to her short temper and little-to-no common sense. It has shown up in every episode alongside Dokuro. It has also been used as an illicit object in some situations that may be questionably moral.
Appearances
Dokuro has appeared in every episode, and she has also killed and resurrected Sakura at least three times in each.
Trivia
Her name means 'skull', which is most recognized as a symbol of death of mortality. This contrasts with her younger sister's name 'Zakuro', meaning 'pomegranate', symbolic of eternal life and resurrection.
In Dokuro-chan's introduction to her class, she states her favorite foods: oyaki, red sausage and mayonnaise. Her favorite kind of guy, being one that would prefer to go out on New Years instead of watching TV and her measurements, 34-21-32. |
cheats = 2
cheat0_desc = "Infinite Lives"
cheat0_code = "Z 8 50833 0 0"
cheat0_enable = false
cheat1_desc = "Infinite Grenades"
cheat1_code = "Z 8 51847 0 0"
cheat1_enable = false |
define(["helper/Offline", "Test"], function (Offline, Test) {
var OutputAudio = function(before, after){
var duration = 0.5;
var offline = new Offline(duration, 1);
var passedAudio = false;
offline.before(function(dest){
before(dest);
});
offline.after(function(){
if (!passedAudio){
throw new Error("node outputs silence");
}
after();
});
offline.test(function(sample){
if (Math.abs(sample) > 0.01){
passedAudio = true;
}
});
offline.run();
};
return OutputAudio;
}); |
The other night, I found myself in a dilemma: I wanted cake, but I did not want to make cake. I just wanted cake to magically appear in front of me. Eventually, I compromised with myself and decided that I wanted cake badly enough that I was willing to make it so long as I only had to exert the bare minimum amount of time and energy. I went online and started hunting for easy vegan cake recipes, and I couldn’t believe how many great recipes I found. Here are eight of the best cakes I came across. Enjoy!
8 Easy to Make Plant-Based Cakes
#1. Easy Berry Pear Cake
Get the recipe here.
#2. Easy Peanut Butter Mug Cake
My Latest Videos
Get the recipe here.
#3. Easy Lime Cake with Whipped Coconut Cream
Get the recipe here.
#4. The Easiest Chocolate Mug Cake
Get the recipe here.
#5. Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Mug Cake
Get the recipe here.
#6. Quick and Easy Vegan Chocolate Cupcakes
Get the recipe here.
#7. One Minute Coffee Cake In A Mug
Get the recipe here.
#8. Vegan Cake Batter Blondies
Get the recipe here. |
Q:
Can't access strong Params through another Model. Rails 4
For some reason I can't access param from another model. I use in my code has_many :through association. I use rails 4.2.
Here is my code:
/models/company.rb
class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :bonds
has_many :users, :through => :bonds
end
/models/user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :bonds
has_many :companies, :through => :bonds
end
/models/bond.rb
class Bond < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :companies
belongs_to :users
end
/config/routes.rb
resources :bonds
resources :users
resources :companies
I made a simple form where I can made bond between company and user by choosing names and matching them. It works fine. here is code:
/views/bonds/_form.html.erb
<%= form_for(@bond) do |f| %>
<div class="field">
<%= f.select :users_id, User.all.collect { |p| [ p.name, p.id ] } %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.select :companies_id, Company.all.collect { |p| [ p.name, p.id ] } %>
</div>
<div class="actions">
<%= f.submit %>
</div>
<% end %>
Here is code that stops working: /views/bonds/show.html.erb
<p>
<strong>User:</strong>
<%= @bond.users.name %>
</p>
<p>
<strong>Company:</strong>
<%= @bond.companies.name %>
</p>
It shows this error:
uninitialized constant Bond::Users
But if i change /views/bonds/show.html.erb to this it works fine.
<p>
<strong>User:</strong>
<%= @bond.users_id %>
</p>
<p>
<strong>Company:</strong>
<%= @bond.companies_id %>
</p>
Maybe someone can help? i think it might be because i can't access strong params from other models. But i don't know how to solve it.
Thanks anyways!
A:
To see a user name, to which @bond is associated you would:
1) change belongs_to :bonds to belongs_to :bond (note it's singular for belongs_to type of association);
2) rename users_id column in bonds table to user_id;
2) write @bond.user.name.
|
Q:
Copying a collection of entites
I am trying to copy a list of users roles from one user to another with the method:
public bool CopyUsersRoles(Guid copyFromUserId, Guid copyToUserId)
{
//Delete existing roles for user
var rolesToDelete = context.UserApplicationRoles.Where(x => x.UserID == copyToUserId);
foreach (var u in rolesToDelete)
{
context.UserApplicationRoles.DeleteObject(u);
}
var rolesToAdd = context.UserApplicationRoles.Where(x => x.UserID == copyFromUserId)
.ToList();
for(int i = 0; i < rolesToAdd.Count; i++)
{
rolesToAdd[i].UserID = copyToUserId;
}
foreach (var u in rolesToAdd)
{
context.UserApplicationRoles.AddObject(u);
}
context.SaveChanges();
}
I am getting the following exception when assigning a new UserId:
The property 'UserID' is part of the object's key information and cannot be modified.
at System.Data.Objects.EntityEntry.VerifyEntityValueIsEditable(StateManagerTypeMetadata typeMetadata, Int32 ordinal, String memberName)
I would have thought that the ToList() would have prevented this...
What is the correct way to achieve this?
EDIT - class details:
I see there is no PK set on the legacy table. I'm assuming manually setting the PK to UserApplicationRoleId will fix this.
UserId Looks like this:
[EdmScalarPropertyAttribute(EntityKeyProperty=true, IsNullable=false)]
[DataMemberAttribute()]
public global::System.Guid UserID
{
get
{
return _UserID;
}
set
{
if (_UserID != value)
{
OnUserIDChanging(value);
ReportPropertyChanging("UserID");
_UserID = StructuralObject.SetValidValue(value);
ReportPropertyChanged("UserID");
OnUserIDChanged();
}
}
}
A:
Ended up getting this to work in a pretty nasty way (the legacy DB doesn't have auto incrementing PKs :(
var copyToUser = this.GetUser(copyToUserId);
List<UserApplicationRole> userApplicationRoles = new List<UserApplicationRole>();
int startingId = Convert.ToInt32(isignonContext.UserApplicationRoles.OrderByDescending(u => u.UserApplicationRoleId).FirstOrDefault().UserApplicationRoleId) + 1;
foreach (var u in userApplicationRolesToAdd)
{
UserApplicationRole userApplicationRole = new UserApplicationRole
{
UserApplicationRoleId = startingId,
UserID = copyToUser.UserId,
UserGroupId = copyToUser.ParentId.Value,
ApplicationRoleId = u.ApplicationRoleId,
ExpiryDate = u.ExpiryDate,
IsEnabled = u.IsEnabled
};
userApplicationRoles.Add(userApplicationRole);
startingId++;
}
|
Q:
Trouble with generating custom javadoc; 'cannot find doclet'
I'm having a go at creating a custom Javadoc generator using Doclet, but I'm running into some issues.
I'm following the official documentation and initially had trouble with including the tools.jar file in my project, but I managed to fix this.
My issue now is that after running this command...
javadoc -doclet ListClass -docletpath . MyClass.java
...I am getting the message...
javadoc: error - Cannot find doclet class ListClass
As I said, I've mostly been following the tutorials from the official documentation, but here is my code for reference.
ListClass.java:
import com.sun.javadoc.*;
public class ListClass {
public static boolean start(RootDoc root) {
ClassDoc[] classes = root.classes();
for (int i = 0; i < classes.length; ++i) {
System.out.println(classes[i]);
}
return true;
}
}
And MyClass.java:
/**
* Documentation for my class
*/
public class MyClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
/**
* Documentation for my static void method
*
* @param param This is the parameter it takes in
*/
public static void myStaticVoidMethod(String param) {
}
}
So what I am asking is why I am getting the error I posted above. If someone was able to provide a more comprehensive guide of how Doclet works that would be great as well.
Note: I'm using IntelliJ IDE for my project. Here is my directory structure:
.idea
...
out
...
src
ListClass.java
MyClass.java
JavadocGenerator.iml
A:
You need to compile your ListClass file. Something like:
javac -d . ListClass.java -cp /path/to/tools.jar
Doclet classes are part of the tools jar, so you'll need to include it as your compile-time dependency.
Then your command
javadoc -doclet ListClass -docletpath . MyClass.java
should work.
edit
For you project structure, if you're compiling from the root directory, make sure to reference your files through their subdirectories, and make sure any absolute windows paths are double-quoted:
javac -d . ./src/ListClass.java -cp "C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_66/lib/tools.jar"
This would create a compiled ListClass file at the root of the project, and from there use your javadoc command:
javadoc -doclet ListClass -docletpath . ./src/MyClass.java
It would be better to create a classes directory to place your compiled classes, as opposed to in the root of the project, but I'm just working with the structure you've provided. See the documentation for javac and javadoc for more info.
|
import { nodeOrNew, register, wrapWithAttrCheck } from '../utils/adopter.js'
import { proportionalSize } from '../utils/utils.js'
import { registerMethods } from '../utils/methods.js'
import PathArray from '../types/PathArray.js'
import Shape from './Shape.js'
export default class Path extends Shape {
// Initialize node
constructor (node, attrs = node) {
super(nodeOrNew('path', node), attrs)
}
// Get array
array () {
return this._array || (this._array = new PathArray(this.attr('d')))
}
// Clear array cache
clear () {
delete this._array
return this
}
// Set height of element
height (height) {
return height == null ? this.bbox().height : this.size(this.bbox().width, height)
}
// Move by left top corner
move (x, y) {
return this.attr('d', this.array().move(x, y))
}
// Plot new path
plot (d) {
return (d == null) ? this.array()
: this.clear().attr('d', typeof d === 'string' ? d : (this._array = new PathArray(d)))
}
// Set element size to given width and height
size (width, height) {
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return x == null ? this.bbox().x : this.move(x, this.bbox().y)
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y (y) {
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// Define morphable array
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path: wrapWithAttrCheck(function (d) {
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|
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of load measuring devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to the field of load measuring devices incorporated within other mechanical apparatus.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Load measuring devices have been introduced in the past years. The following patents are found to be pertinent to the field of the present invention:
1. U.S. Pat. No. 3,826,321 issued to Rigney et al. on Jul. 30, 1974 for xe2x80x9cLoad Weighing System For Cranes With Rotatable Boomsxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cRigneyxe2x80x9d);
2. U.S. Pat. No. 4,118,012 issued to Kerr et al. on Oct. 3, 1978 for xe2x80x9cLoad Transferxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cKerrxe2x80x9d);
3. U.S. Pat. No. 4,581,947 issued to Wulf et al. on Apr. 15, 1986 for xe2x80x9cLinear Force Measurement Apparatus Or Devicexe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cWulfxe2x80x9d),
4. U.S. Pat. No. 4,939,936 issued to Spooner et al. on Jul. 10, 1990 for xe2x80x9cShapemeterxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cSpoonerxe2x80x9d);
5. U.S. Pat. No. 4,958,525 issued to Hauer et al. on Sep. 25, 1990 for xe2x80x9cWeb Tension Measuring Assemblyxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cHauerxe2x80x9d);
6. U.S. Pat. No. 5,479,831 issued to Hirose on Jan. 2, 1996 for xe2x80x9cFishline Tension Measuring Device For Fishing Reelxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cHirosexe2x80x9d); and
7. U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,906 issued to Hrescak et al. on Oct. 26, 1999 for xe2x80x9cMotion Compensation Winchxe2x80x9d (hereafter xe2x80x9cHrescakxe2x80x9d).
Rigney discloses a load weighing system for cranes with rotatable booms. The system uses a boom-mounted dynamometer whose output is an accurate indication of cable tension and therefore load weight. The dynamometer comprises a base plate on which are mounted spaced freely rotatable guide pulleys and an intermediate freely rotatable load cell assembly offset a slight amount from a line joining the centers of the pulleys. The main load lifting cable passes between the load cell assembly and the pulleys. The pulleys guide the cable as it passes through the dynamometer.
Kerr discloses a load transfer device. It includes pulley bearings which are designed to rest on load cells.
Wulf discloses a linear force measurement apparatus or device. It requires a separate and additional measuring ring supported by a support ring of the bearing assembly of a deflection roller over which the web passes. The measuring ring has a pair of slits cut into the ring having parallel rectilinear portions which are in a perpendicular direction of force application.
Spooner discloses a shapemeter. It includes strain gauges provided on webs of the shapemeter.
Hauer discloses a web tension measuring assembly. It requires a separate and additional measuring cage which includes a flanged ring fixed to a side frame of the printing machine and a retainer ring joined to a bearing for the measuring roller. These two rings are connected by a plurality of flectional beams that are provided with strain gauges. Changes in web tension are sensed by the strain gauges in response to deflection of the flectional beams.
Hirose discloses a fishline tension measuring device for a fishing reel. It include strain gauges mounted on a separate and additional bearing support member.
Hrescak discloses a motion compensation winch. It uses a measuring device to measure the tension on a cable.
In many applications there is a need to measure a load applied on a pulley. However, it is desirable to have an in-line measuring device built into or replacing the hub of the pulley for measuring the load, without using additional separate mounting or supporting members for the measuring device.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new in-line pulley hub load measuring device which is built into or replaces the hub of the pulley for measuring the load applied on the pulley without adding separate auxiliary members.
The present invention is a novel and unique pulley hub load cell. It is an in-line pulley hub load measuring device which is built into or replaces the hub of the pulley for measuring the load applied on the pulley without adding separate auxiliary members.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a measuring device to measure the load applied on a pulley.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide an in-line load cell built into or replacing the pulley hub of a pulley for measuring the load applied on the pulley.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a pulley hub load cell that does not require any additional separate auxiliary member for mounting or supporting the load cell.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pulley hub load cell to sense either the shear strain or bending strain exerted on the measuring device.
Described generally, the present invention is a pulley hub load cell assembled inside a hub opening of a pulley between a rolling element part and a pulley axle. The present invention pulley hub load cell has a generally cylindrical shaped body adapted to be placed inside the rolling element part and having an interior bore with two opposite ends for insertion through the pulley axle, and two generally cylindrical sleeve shaped covers for protecting the generally cylindrical shaped body.
The generally cylindrical shaped body of the load cell has an exterior central section to be brought into contact with the rolling element part, and two interior flanges at the two opposite ends of the interior bore of the body respectively to be brought into contact with the pulley axle, forming a cantilever configuration which is deformable when counter-loads are applied to the central section and the interior flanges of the body from the rolling element part and the pulley axle respectively.
The pulley hub load cell is further provided with at least one strain gauge and electronic circuitry element affixed to the body between the central section and one of the two opposite ends of the body for producing and outputting a load sensing signal in proportion to the counter-loads applied to the body.
Further novel features and other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, discussion and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the drawings. |
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Results"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Training\n",
"\n",
"We now run our RandomForest modeling software on our training set, described earlier, and derive a model along with some parameters describing how good our model is. "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"%pylab inline\n",
"# We pull in the training, validation and test sets created according to the scheme described\n",
"# in the data exploration lesson.\n",
"\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"\n",
"samtrain = pd.read_csv('../datasets/samsung/samtrain.csv')\n",
"samval = pd.read_csv('../datasets/samsung/samval.csv')\n",
"samtest = pd.read_csv('../datasets/samsung/samtest.csv')\n",
"\n",
"# We use the Python RandomForest package from the scikits.learn collection of algorithms. \n",
"# The package is called sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier\n",
"\n",
"# For this we need to convert the target column ('activity') to integer values \n",
"# because the Python RandomForest package requires that. \n",
"# In R it would have been a \"factor\" type and R would have used that for classification.\n",
"\n",
"# We map activity to an integer according to\n",
"# laying = 1, sitting = 2, standing = 3, walk = 4, walkup = 5, walkdown = 6\n",
"# Code is in supporting library randomforest.py\n",
"\n",
"import randomforests as rf\n",
"samtrain = rf.remap_col(samtrain,'activity')\n",
"samval = rf.remap_col(samval,'activity')\n",
"samtest = rf.remap_col(samtest,'activity')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"import sklearn.ensemble as sk\n",
"rfc = sk.RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=500, compute_importances=True, oob_score=True)\n",
"train_data = samtrain[samtrain.columns[1:-2]]\n",
"train_truth = samtrain['activity']\n",
"model = rfc.fit(train_data, train_truth)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"0.97946768060836498"
]
},
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"# use the OOB (out of band) score which is an estimate of accuracy of our model.\n",
"rfc.oob_score_"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"[(0.052194982088894198, 'tAccMean'),\n",
" (0.046418448022626055, 'tAccStd'),\n",
" (0.043291948466911298, 'tJerkMean'),\n",
" (0.053130159100753124, 'tGyroJerkMagSD'),\n",
" (0.059232069484007693, 'fAccMean'),\n",
" (0.048256742613275803, 'fJerkSD'),\n",
" (0.13799007369608407, 'angleGyroJerkGravity'),\n",
" (0.17036595812582825, 'angleXGravity'),\n",
" (0.044817236984266123, 'angleYGravity')]"
]
},
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"### TRY THIS\n",
"# use \"feature importance\" scores to see what the top 10 important features are\n",
"fi = enumerate(rfc.feature_importances_)\n",
"cols = samtrain.columns\n",
"[(value,cols[i]) for (i,value) in fi if value > 0.04]\n",
"## Change the value 0.04 which we picked empirically to give us 10 variables\n",
"## try running this code after changing the value up and down so you get more or less variables\n",
"## do you see how this might be useful in refining the model?\n",
"## Here is the code in case you mess up the line above\n",
"## [(value,cols[i]) for (i,value) in fi if value > 0.04]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"We use the predict() function using our model on our validation set and our test set and get the following results from our analysis of errors in the predictions."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# pandas data frame adds a spurious unknown column in 0 position hence starting at col 1\n",
"# not using subject column, activity ie target is in last columns hence -2 i.e dropping last 2 cols\n",
"\n",
"val_data = samval[samval.columns[1:-2]]\n",
"val_truth = samval['activity']\n",
"val_pred = rfc.predict(val_data)\n",
"\n",
"test_data = samtest[samtest.columns[1:-2]]\n",
"test_truth = samtest['activity']\n",
"test_pred = rfc.predict(test_data)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"####Prediction Errors and Computed Error Measures "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"mean accuracy score for validation set = 0.846477\n",
"mean accuracy score for test set = 0.895623\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"print(\"mean accuracy score for validation set = %f\" %(rfc.score(val_data, val_truth)))\n",
"print(\"mean accuracy score for test set = %f\" %(rfc.score(test_data, test_truth)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# use the confusion matrix to see how observations were misclassified as other activities\n",
"# See [5]\n",
"import sklearn.metrics as skm\n",
"test_cm = skm.confusion_matrix(test_truth,test_pred)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# visualize the confusion matrix"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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H48qVK9BoNNBqtcjIyMC0adOs0RSLYIxhyZIlUCqVSE5OtkjM8vJyVFVVAWipRHP8+HG9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\niU2IDfp/RUzyzXdlcM0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n"
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"import pylab as pl\n",
"pl.matshow(test_cm)\n",
"pl.title('Confusion matrix for test data')\n",
"pl.colorbar()\n",
"pl.show()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# compute a number of other common measures of prediction goodness"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"We now compute some commonly used measures of prediction \"goodness\". \n",
"For more detail on these measures see\n",
"[6],[7],[8],[9]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Accuracy = 0.895623\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Accuracy\n",
"print(\"Accuracy = %f\" %(skm.accuracy_score(test_truth,test_pred)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Precision = 0.897903\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Precision\n",
"print(\"Precision = %f\" %(skm.precision_score(test_truth,test_pred)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Recall = 0.895623\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Recall\n",
"print(\"Recall = %f\" %(skm.recall_score(test_truth,test_pred)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 15,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"F1 score = 0.896047\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# F1 Score\n",
"print(\"F1 score = %f\" %(skm.f1_score(test_truth,test_pred)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Exercise\n",
"\n",
"Instead of using domain knowledge to reduce variables, use Random Forests directly on the full set of columns. Then use variable importance and sort the variables. \n",
"\n",
"Compare the model you get with the model you got from using domain knowledge. \n",
"You can short circuit the data cleanup process as well by simply renaming the variables x1, x2...xn, y where y is 'activity' the dependent variable. \n",
"\n",
"Now look at the new Random Forest model you get. It is likely to be more accurate at prediction than the one we have above. It is a black box model, where there is no meaning attached to the variables. \n",
" \n",
"* What insights does it give you? \n",
"* Which model do you prefer? \n",
"* Why? \n",
"* Is this an absolute preference or might it change? \n",
"* What might cause it to change? "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## References\n",
"\n",
"[1] Original dataset as R data https://spark-public.s3.amazonaws.com/dataanalysis/samsungData.rda \n",
"[2] Human Activity Recognition Using Smartphones http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Human+Activity+Recognition+Using+Smartphones \n",
"[3] Android Developer Reference http://developer.android.com/reference/android/hardware/Sensor.html \n",
"[4] Random Forests http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_forest \n",
"[5] Confusion matrix http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_matrix\n",
"[6] Mean Accuracy http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1054102&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D1054102\n",
"\n",
"[7] Precision http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall\n",
"[8] Recall http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall\n",
"[9] F Measure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<style>\n",
" @font-face {\n",
" font-family: \"Computer Modern\";\n",
" src: url('http://mirrors.ctan.org/fonts/cm-unicode/fonts/otf/cmunss.otf');\n",
" }\n",
" div.cell{\n",
" width:800px;\n",
" margin-left:auto;\n",
" margin-right:auto;\n",
" }\n",
" h1 {\n",
" font-family: \"Charis SIL\", Palatino, serif;\n",
" }\n",
" h4{\n",
" margin-top:12px;\n",
" margin-bottom: 3px;\n",
" }\n",
" div.text_cell_render{\n",
" font-family: Computer Modern, \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif;\n",
" line-height: 145%;\n",
" font-size: 120%;\n",
" width:800px;\n",
" margin-left:auto;\n",
" margin-right:auto;\n",
" }\n",
" .CodeMirror{\n",
" font-family: \"Source Code Pro\", source-code-pro,Consolas, monospace;\n",
" }\n",
" .prompt{\n",
" display: None;\n",
" }\n",
" .text_cell_render h5 {\n",
" font-weight: 300;\n",
" font-size: 16pt;\n",
" color: #4057A1;\n",
" font-style: italic;\n",
" margin-bottom: .5em;\n",
" margin-top: 0.5em;\n",
" display: block;\n",
" }\n",
" \n",
" .warning{\n",
" color: rgb( 240, 20, 20 )\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
"<script>\n",
" MathJax.Hub.Config({\n",
" TeX: {\n",
" extensions: [\"AMSmath.js\"]\n",
" },\n",
" tex2jax: {\n",
" inlineMath: [ ['$','$'], [\"\\\\(\",\"\\\\)\"] ],\n",
" displayMath: [ ['$$','$$'], [\"\\\\[\",\"\\\\]\"] ]\n",
" },\n",
" displayAlign: 'center', // Change this to 'center' to center equations.\n",
" \"HTML-CSS\": {\n",
" styles: {'.MathJax_Display': {\"margin\": 4}}\n",
" }\n",
" });\n",
"</script>"
],
"text/plain": [
"<IPython.core.display.HTML at 0x10cb56950>"
]
},
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"from IPython.core.display import HTML\n",
"def css_styling():\n",
" styles = open(\"../styles/custom.css\", \"r\").read()\n",
" return HTML(styles)\n",
"css_styling()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 2",
"language": "python",
"name": "python2"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 2
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
"version": "2.7.8"
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0
}
|
description "Unity 8 Greeter initialization"
author "Michael Terry <mterry@ubuntu.com>"
start on unity8-greeter-started
task
emits indicator-services-start
script
start --no-wait ofono-setup || true
initctl emit --no-wait indicator-services-start || true
start --no-wait maliit-server || true
end script
|
Here's astronaut Mike Hopkins taking the selfie to end all selfies. It's over, you cant' beat it, give up, return your camera, become a horse jockey. Hopkins snapped a photo of himself in full astronaut suit outside of the ISS as he was spacewalking on Christmas Eve with the beautiful blue Earth in the background. And he didn't even need to use a filter.
On Dec. 24, 2013, NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins, Expedition 38 Flight Engineer, participates in the second of two U.S. spacewalks, spread over a four-day period, which were designed to allow the crew to change out a faulty water pump on the exterior of the Earth-orbiting International Space Station. He was joined on both spacewalks by NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, whose image shows up in Hopkins' helmet visor. |
How the Patrón Distillery Has Gone Green
Check the news on any day of the week and you’ll discover new, sobering facts pertaining to the environment. From the depletion of natural resources to steadily rising temperatures, it’s no secret we’ve been less than hospitable to our little blue dot in the Milky Way. Countless companies, organizations, and individuals have taken a pledge to do better, though, and their efforts have made a difference. Patrón is one of them.
“Here in Mexico, in tequila, sustainability is definitely an important issue, and we’re proud that Patrón is considered an industry leader in finding and sharing ways to limit the environmental impact of tequila production,” said Antonio Rodriguez, the production director at Tequila Patrón in Jalisco, Mexico. “We’ve been recognized by CONAGUA (the Mexican federal water authority), SEMADET (the Jalisco state environmental agency), and PROFEPA (the Mexican Federal Environmental Protection office) for the work we’ve done to help protect the environment.”
Rodriguez has a front-row seat to the brand’s sustainability efforts, and informed us about the ways in which Patrón has gone above and beyond.
They’re Thoughtful About Byproduct Waste
There’s a stark difference between how environmentally committed distilleries process their waste, and how other companies do it.
“The tequila production process creates a leftover distillate, or ‘stillage’ byproduct. Rather than discard this, one of the treatment technologies that we’ve developed at Patrón is a reverse osmosis system that recovers clean water that we can then use in our facilities’ cooling towers, and for cleaning,” explained Rodriguez. “We also create compost from our leftover agave fibers, which is used to fertilize the agave fields, and which we donate to our community to use in recreational fields and gardens.”
Patrón creates compost from leftover agave fibers, which are then used to fertilize the agave fields.
They’ve Reduced Emissions and Noise Pollution
Patrón has also installed a natural gas pipeline directly into their distillery, which has significantly reduced their carbon dioxide emissions, notes Rodriguez. According to a blog update on the brand’s website, these emissions were reduced by approximately 200 tons in 2016.
“Along with using cleaner energy sources, Patrón utilizes acoustic screens around the cooling towers at our facilities to reduce and contain the noise that goes out into the surrounding area to keep noise pollution low for the community,” their website states. “Implementing these improvements has made Patrón more green than ever.”
The reverse osmosis facility.
They’ve Reduced Packaging and Solid Waste
Rodriguez also told Tales that Patrón has cut back on the amount of paper and solid waste the facility produces.
“We’ve done this by eliminating individual boxes for bottles of Patrón that are destined directly to bars and restaurants,” he said. “We also have a system to separate our trash at the distillery, which has reduced our volume of solid waste up to 70 percent. Everything else is recycled either in compost or sent to a recycle center.”
Hand labeling at Patrón.
They Share Their Technology
Patrón isn’t just dedicated to sustainability at their own facilities; they’ve actively made an effort to help other distilleries become greener, too.
“We share with other tequila producers the technology and processes that we’ve put into place,” said Rodrigeuz. “And, free of charge, we also take in leftover agave from other nearby smaller distilleries to treat their waste in our compost area. Taking care of the environment is important to everyone, and to our entire community here.”
In addition to helping other distilleries, Patrón is actively involved with local organizations that are committed to reforesting trees and plant life. They also support charities that cover a range of issues, including hunger, children’s health, and water conservation. |
♪ He's a super-sneaky ninja ♪
♪ Or a daring secret spy ♪
♪ He's a fearless
dragon tamer ♪
♪ Fastest pilot
in the sky ♪
♪ Then what happens when
he takes a bite of food? ♪
Pop!
♪ He's Ollie, the boy
who became what he ate ♪
♪ He's Ollie, the boy who
became what he ate ♪
♪ He's the tallest
lettuce climber ♪
♪ There's no mountain
he can't scale ♪
♪ Ollie's Captain Avocado ♪
♪ And he knows how
to speak whale ♪
♪ He's Ollie, the boy
who became what he ate ♪
♪ He's Ollie, Ollie ♪
♪ The boy who became
what he ate ♪
♪ ♪
[Ollie]
"Cherry Lumberjack".
♪ ♪
[grunting]
Timber!
[grunting]
Timber!
Again!
Whew! It's hard work
being a lumberjack.
Whee, whee!
Come swing with us, Ollie!
Nummy loves to swing.
Again, Nummy? Okay!
[grunts] Got you!
I've got an extra-delicious
snack for us today.
Coming! [grunts]
One sec!
Timber!
Coming!
[gasps] Cherries!
Yummy, yummy, yummy!
Nummy's favourite, too!
Uh...
Can't snack right now.
I've gotta get back
to lumberjacking.
Well, take some
cherries with you.
They'll help you build big,
strong lumberjack muscles.
Don't need 'em!
I'm already muscly. See?
Mm...
Look! A pit!
Oh! Forgot about those.
Let me go get a bowl.
[gasps]
♪ ♪
My spoon is
tingling, Poppy.
There's adventure
in those cherries!
Let's go, Ollie!
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[both]
Whoa!
-Wow!
-Whee!
♪ ♪
[both giggle]
-Woohoo!
-Wow!
-Whoa!
-Whee!
[gasps]
♪ ♪
[squeaks, honks]
Nummy!
[squeaks]
-Whee!
-Whoa!
♪ ♪
-Woohoo!
-Whoa!
-[giggles]
-Yay! Woohoo! Yeah!
-[both] Oof!
-[squeaks]
Whoa. Look at all
those cherry trees!
They look very wobbly.
[squeaks]
What are those
numlings doing?
They're lumberjacks, Poppy!
Just like me!
Look! They're planting
new cherry trees!
♪ ♪
[squeaks]
To replace the ones
they're cutting down!
[both honk,
intoning "Timber!"]
Where are they taking it?
Let's go see!
[numlings honking]
[honks]
It looks like they're
throwing the cherries
into the river.
Why would they do that?
Look! There's numlings
riding them!
[Ollie gasps] The river is
taking the cherries
down to that village!
They must be
using the cherries
to build more houses.
I'd better see if they
need more lumberjacks!
Oh. Nummy, look!
There are numlings
in the trees, too!
Wanna climb a wobbly
tree with me?
[squeaks]
[Ollie panting]
Almost there!
[grunts & strains]
[numlings honk]
I did it! Woohoo!
I can lumberjack all day!
[honks]
Oh, right!
Push it to the river!
[both grunting & straining]
[Ollie]
Woohoo!
Okay.
Which one should I
cut next?
[squeaks]
Whoa! That's a big tree
for just one lumberjack.
[squeaking meekly]
Hey! Want some help?
[squeaks]
-[giggles]
-[squeaks]
Whee! Best swing ever!
You have a really fun job.
[numling honks]
Yeah, I wanna
try measuring!
Let's measure
this cherry, Nummy!
[squeaks]
You go around that side,
and I'll stay here.
[squeaks]
Good job, Nummy.
This one is size...
really big!
[honks]
Measuring is fun, but...
wanna go ride cherries
in the river now?
[squeaks]
Okay! Let's go!
Bye-bye!
-Woohoo!
-[honks]
[grunting]
Okay...
We're almost there.
[grunting]
A little more.
[squeaking]
Wait! Stop!
The cherry's gonna crush
that numling hut!
[squeaking]
Oh, no! It's too late!
The cherry is
still falling!
We have to stop it!
[grunting]
[squeaking]
[straining]
It's really... heavy!
I'm not strong enough
to hold it!
[squeaking]
[groans]
I need bigger muscles.
[gasps]
Dad said cherries
will help me grow
big muscles!
[squeaks]
[squeaks]
♪ ♪
[singers]
♪ Go, go, cherry power! ♪
Cherry lumberjack
with super-strong muscles!
[grunts]
[squeaking]
This tree is no match
for my cherry muscles!
[grunts]
To the river!
[bellows]
Come on, Nummy. Let's pick
a cherry to ride!
-Whoa! That one!
-[squeaks]
-Oof! Ahh!
-[squeaks uneasily]
Cherry lumberjack
saves the day!
[squeaking]
Come on! Let's get back
to lumberjacking!
[Poppy panting]
Whoa! This is
slippery and wobbly.
But we're really good
at it, right, Nummy?
[squeaks]
-Whoa! Whee! Whoa! Whee!
-[squeaking rhythmically]
[giggles]
Whoa!
Excuse us!
Coming through!
Uh-oh...
Oh, no!
No, no, no, no!
Pits!
[squeaks, intoning "Uh-oh."]
[Poppy]
Waaah!
-[squeaks]
-Oof!
[giggles]
That was awesome!
We were like,
"Oh, no! Pits!"
Then we were like, "Agh!"
And then we went, "Aaah!"
Then we hit the ground
like, "Oof!" [laughs]
[squeak-giggles]
Whoa!
Planting is almost as fun
as lumberjacking!
[squeaks]
[squeaking]
[numling honking]
I think there's something
wrong with the river.
[panting] What?
What's happening?
[honks]
[Ollie]
Oh, no! A cherry got stuck
and it's blocking
all the other cherries!
[squeaks]
[both honking]
Wait for me!
I can help, too!
Whoa!
[panting]
[all honking]
[Ollie]
Come on! Gotta go faster!
[panting]
[grunts]
I'm here!
I'll help you push!
[all straining]
Push!
Whoa. It's really stuck.
[all honk]
Okay, come on.
Come on, cherry!
Just... [grunts] move!
[strains]
Aw, I'm not strong enough
to move it.
Not with my
normal muscles...
but with cherry muscles,
I could do it!
Anyone have a cherry?
Thanks!
♪ ♪
[singers]
♪ Go, go, cherry power! ♪
Cherry lumberjack
to the rescue!
[strains]
No cherry is too big
for my muscles!
[all honking]
[grunts]
Watch out!
Coming through!
Got a really big
cherry here!
[all honking]
♪ ♪
[grunts]
I have a really
big cherry for you.
Where do you want it?
[honks]
[grunts]
There you go!
That will be
a really big house.
[all honking
& squeaking excitedly]
Poppy! Nummy!
There you are!
Ready to go home?
-We're ready!
-[squeaks]
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
-Woohoo!
-Woo!
♪ ♪
-Woohoohoo!
-Woo!
♪ ♪
-Ah-- Oof!
-Oof!
Here you go, Poppy.
You can put
those pits in here.
Hey! You ate a cherry!
What do you think?
They're making me
very muscly.
Ollie gets really strong
when he eats cherries!
[chuckles] I see that!
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
|
Wilfully violates Constitution and places himself above the law again
By Paul Joseph Watson
In an amazing development that has received almost no media attention, mainstream or alternative, President Bush again placed himself above the law and wilfully violated the Constitution by signing into law a bill that didn't pass both Houses of Congress.
According to representative Henry Waxman, Bush signed into law a version of the Budget Reconciliation Act that didn't pass Congress. The discrepancy between the version Bush signed and the actual bill that passed equates to a value of $2 billion.
Bush knew he was directly violating the Constitution and effectively acting as a despot because he received a call from the Speaker of the House before signing the bill, warning him that it had not been passed.
The Presentment Clause of the U.S. Constitution states that before a bill can become law, it must be passed by both Houses of Congress.
Over the past two years Bush staffers and advisors like John Yoo and Alberto Gonzales and Senators like Pat Roberts have declared in their own memos that Bush is above the law and therefore above the very US Constitution that he swore to protect and defend.
Warrantless secret wiretaps of American citizens were claimed to be within the boundaries of the Constitution yet clearly violate the 4th Amendment.
The controlled mainstream media collaborated with the government in parroting the use of the "terrorist surveillance" term, despite the fact that thousands of the wiretaps were used in domestic to domestic calls and the Pentagon regularly spies on peaceful American citizens involved in anti-war organizations.
Bush's repeated trashing of the Constitution, a document he reportedly referred to as a "Goddamn piece of paper," is indicative of a nation hurtling into a dictatorial abyss.
The reaction to this travesty needs to be a heck of a lot stronger than a Henry Waxman letter, impeachment proceedings on this alone need to be enacted before Bush starts rounding up his political enemies and shipping them off to Halliburton run internment camps. |
The largest genera in Myrsinaceae are the tropical Myrsine (300 species), Ardisia (400-500 species), and Embelia Burman f. (130 species), and the temperate Lysimachia (ca. 160 species). No genera are endemic to the flora area; some species (in Lysimachia) have been introduced and become naturalized. Ardisia elliptica is introduced and has been named a Category I Invasive Species by the Florida Exotic Plant Pest Council (http://www.fleppc.org/list/07list_ctrfld.pdf).
Myrsinaceae is of limited economic value, mainly as ornamentals (some Anagallis, Ardisia, Lysimachia). Most taxa are pollinated by insects, particularly bees and flies, with nectar or pollen as rewards; some Lysimachia have oil-secreting hairs and are pollinated by oil-collecting bees (S. Vogel 1974+, vol. 2); selfing also occurs. Temperate seeds are dispersed by gravity, water, wind, or, possibly, ants or other ground-dwelling insects (B. Ståhl and A. A. Anderberg 2004).
As circumscribed here, Myrsinaceae are closely related to Primulaceae and Theophrastaceae. M. Källersjö et al. (2000) and B. Ståhl and A. A. Anderberg (2004) removed the nonrosette terrestrial members from Primulaceae and placed them in the Myrsinaceae (see further discussion under Primulaceae).
Additional evidence (A. A. Anderberg et al. 2007; L. Martins et al. 2003) indicates that Lysimachia is not monophyletic. Further, Glaux is now considered an apetalous member of Lysimachia (Anderberg et al.; Hao G. et al. 2004); Trientalis probably should be considered an extreme verticillate member of Lysimachia sect. Seleucia (Anderberg et al.; alluded to by J. D. Ray 1956); and some species of Anagallis are more closely related to Lysimachia (Anderberg et al.; M. Källersjö et al. 2000; Anderberg and B. Ståhl 1995) than to other members of Anagallis. More work is still needed to resolve these additional issues. Martins et al. presented nuclear rDNA evidence that Centunculus is basal within Lysimachieae and should not be included within Anagallis but this is not yet fully resolved. The phylogenetic position of Cyclamen, a scapose taxon, has not been resolved; Ståhl and Anderberg (2004) included it in this family because it shares developmental anatomy, leaf pigmentation, and other features. Our understanding of the family is clearly still in flux, and future taxonomic realignments at the familial and generic levels are to be expected. |
Q:
SQL Server 2012, Not able to restore the database from .bak file
I have a SQL Server database on my server and I've taken a backup of it. When I try to restore it to a local machine it is throwing me an error and the process is terminating abnormally,
I have created a new empty database in my local machine and trying to restore the .bak into this database with the following code:
RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK = 'C:\Users\user\Documents\Downloads\LiveDB.bak'
To get LogicalName for both datafile and logfile and I got the error as follows:
Msg 3241, Level 16, State 13, Line 1
The media family on device 'C:\Users\user\Documents\Downloads\LiveDB.bak' is incorrectly formed. SQL Server cannot process this media family.
Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
RESTORE DATABASE is terminating abnormally.
What is this error causing?
If this is the wrong way to restore a database from a backup file, can someone tell me the step by step procedure to get it working.
Thanks in advance.
A:
This is almost certainly due to the server versions being different. You will get this message if you attempt to restore the database from a newer version of SQL Server to an older version - this is not possible to do. To check the versions, run this command on both servers:
SELECT @@VERSION
Compare the results and make sure the server which you are restoring to is the same version or newer than where the backup was taken.
|
Radiology Treatment Privileging
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts' privileging requirement for our providers in Massachusetts who perform radiology procedures to treat varicose veins (such as endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and laser ablation) is designed to ensure that our members receive access to appropriate treatment from providers and facilities that meet standards of care for these procedures.
In order for a Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts-contracted provider to be reimbursed, he or she must be privileged to provide these procedures and the procedure must be medically necessary. Additionally, all sites of services, including physician offices, must be accredited by either the American College of Radiology (ACR) or the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories (ICAVL).
For help finding a privileged provider, call Member Service at the number on the front of your member ID card.
Radiology treatment for varicose veins is just one of several treatment options. Learning about the risks and benefits for all your options, will help you make a more informed decision about which treatment is right for you.
To ensure that radiology procedures for varicose veins are being performed safely and effectively, only Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts-contracted providers who are privileged to provide these procedures will be reimbursed for performing them when they are medically necessary. To find a privileged provider, please call Member Service at the number on the front of your member ID card.
Radiology procedures to treat varicose veins must be performed at facilities accredited by either the American College of Radiology (ACR) or the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories (ICAVL). |
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF MAINE
EDENS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC, )
)
PLAINTIFF )
)
v. ) CIVIL NO. 09-188-P-H
)
KILE, GOEKJIAN, REED & )
McMANUS, PLLC, )
)
DEFENDANT )
DECISION AND ORDER ON DEFENDANT’S MOTION
FOR A TRANSFER OF VENUE
This is a malpractice lawsuit. It arises out of an earlier patent infringement
lawsuit in this District. The infringing (though ultimately settling) party in the
earlier lawsuit has now sued its previous law firm. Pierce Atwood LLP, the law
firm that is representing it now, previously represented the patent holder in the
earlier infringement lawsuit. The law firm accused of malpractice in the earlier
case has moved to dismiss the complaint against it for failure to plead the
necessary elements of malpractice and on public policy grounds. It also moves for
a transfer of venue to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. I GRANT
the Motion for a Transfer of Venue and order transfer to the District of Columbia,
a more suitable forum for this litigation. I do not address the merits of the Motion
to Dismiss, instead leaving that decision to the District of Columbia court.
BACKGROUND1
The plaintiff Edens Technologies, LLC (“Edens”) is a Michigan company with
its primary place of business in Michigan. Compl. ¶ 2 (Docket Item 1). The
defendant law firm Kile Goekjian Reed & McManus, PLLC (“KGRM”) is located in
Washington, D.C. Id. ¶ 3. In its one-count Complaint,2 Edens alleges that KGRM
committed several acts of legal malpractice and professional negligence in an
attorney-client relationship spanning roughly a two-year period.
Edens says that the attorney-client relationship with KGRM began in April
2007, when an associate attorney at KGRM allegedly gave legal advice to Edens.
Specifically, this associate reviewed a patent held by Edens’ competitor, Golf Tech
LLC (“Golf Tech”), reviewed Edens’ plan to develop a similar product but “design
around” the competitor’s patent, and purportedly “gave the following ‘legal advice’
to Edens: ‘You should be fine.’” Id. ¶ 10. Edens says that the associate
communicated that advice to Edens indirectly through the associate’s brother, an
acquaintance of Edens’ founding officer in Michigan. Id. ¶ 11. A month later, the
brother, “again acting as a conduit for [the KGRM associate], conveyed further
‘legal advice’ to Edens: ‘I think this means [you’re] clear of the patent you are
trying to avoid.’” Id. ¶ 12. The KGRM associate purportedly provided this legal
advice to Edens “without carrying out the most fundamental steps in any non-
infringement analysis, including a careful study of the patent specification and the
patent file history.” Id. ¶ 14.
1 For purposes of my analysis, I assume the truth of all facts alleged in Edens’ Complaint. See
(continued on next page)
2
Subsequently, Edens fully developed its product, and the patent-holding
competitor, Golf Tech, sued Edens for patent infringement in this District. Id.
¶ 15. KGRM defended Edens in the patent lawsuit, a relationship Edens now
asserts resulted in “inherent conflict” because KGRM would be “involved in
defending [KGRM]’s own ‘legal advice,’” and because the KGRM associate “was
likely to be a witness in the litigation.” Id. ¶ 16. Edens alleges that it did not give
informed consent to KGRM regarding this purported conflict. Id. KGRM assigned
to the litigation the same associate who had previously advised Edens using his
brother as an intermediary, “despite the fact that he had very limited litigation
experience,” and KGRM then allegedly “failed to provide any meaningful
supervision or oversight.” Id.
During the infringement litigation, I held a Markman3 hearing to construe
the patent. Golf Tech LLC v. Edens Tech. LLC, 571 F. Supp. 2d 223 (D. Me.
2008). The case progressed through summary judgment, where I concluded on
the undisputed facts that the underlying patent was valid and that Edens had
infringed its competitor’s patent on all of its infringement claims but one. Golf
Tech LLC v. Edens Tech. LLC, 592 F. Supp. 2d 167 (D. Me. 2009). As to the one
then-remaining claim, the patent owner chose not to proceed. The parties then
advanced to discovery over damages and prepared for a damages trial.
Fitzgerald v. Barnstable Sch. Comm., 129 S. Ct. 788, 792 (2009).
2 Edens brings this action under the diversity jurisdiction of this court. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a).
3 Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 517 U.S. 370 (1996).
3
Months after my summary judgment ruling, Edens filed a motion to reopen
my decision because of “newly discovered prior art.” Compl. ¶ 21. I denied the
motion as untimely. Golf Tech LLC v. Edens Tech. LLC, 610 F. Supp. 2d 106 (D.
Me. 2009). Edens now asserts that KGRM was negligent by failing to investigate
prior art fully in order to present a thorough and timely invalidity defense in the
patent litigation. Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to Dismiss at 3 (Docket Item 12).
Edens also alleges that KGRM was unprepared for the damages trial, “forc[ing]
[Edens] to change its lead trial counsel . . . [to] its local counsel.” Compl. ¶ 23.
On the eve of the damages trial, Edens settled the patent litigation. Id. ¶ 25;
Joint Mot. for Entry of Consent J., Golf Tech LLC v. Edens Tech. LLC, Civ. No. 07-
194-P-H (D. Me. 2009). Only its Maine lawyer represented Edens in the
settlement. Decl. of Kurt E. Olafsen in Support of Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to
Transfer ¶ 6 (Docket Item 14). Edens, now represented by Pierce Atwood, the
patent owner’s lawyer in the settled litigation, filed this malpractice suit against
KGRM the day before final judgment entered in the patent case. See Compl.;
Judgment, Golf Tech LLC v. Edens Tech. LLC, Civ. No. 07-194-P-H (D. Me. 2009).
KGRM has moved to dismiss Edens’ claim for failure to plead the necessary
elements of malpractice and on public policy grounds, arguing that public policy
dictates dismissal of a malpractice case where the plaintiff is represented by the
same law firm used by its adversary in the underlying action. KGRM also has
moved for a transfer of venue to the U.S. District Court for the District of
Columbia. For reasons I detail below, I transfer this malpractice suit to the
4
District of Columbia. In deference to the transferee court, I leave resolution of the
motion to dismiss to the District of Columbia forum.
ANALYSIS
KGRM requests that I transfer this case to the District of Columbia under
my discretionary power to transfer a civil action “[f]or the convenience of parties
and witnesses, in the interest of justice, . . . to any other district . . . where it
might have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a); see also Stewart Org., Inc. v.
Ricoh Corp., 487 U.S. 22, 29 (1988) (describing the discretionary nature of a
§ 1404 analysis). Factors to be considered in transferring a case include not only
the convenience of the parties and witnesses but also “the availability of
documents.” Coady v. Ashcraft & Gerel, 223 F.3d 1, 11 (1st Cir. 2000). There is
additionally, in the First Circuit, “a strong presumption in favor of the plaintiff's
choice of forum.” Id. Nonetheless, that presumption is not determinative and
may be outweighed by the interest of justice or by the convenience of the parties
and witnesses as encompassed by § 1404(a). Banjo Buddies, Inc. v. Renosky, 156
F. Supp. 2d 22, 24 (D. Me. 2001).
Although I conclude that a substantial part of the events prompting the
malpractice suit occurred in Maine, and thus that venue in Maine is not “wrong”
for purposes of § 1406,4 I determine that transfer pursuant to § 1404(a) is
prudent. Weighing the factors considered in such a discretionary transfer, I find
that there is little reason for venue to lie in Maine. A closer question exists as
4 28 U.S.C. § 1406 provides that “[t]he district court of a district in which is filed a case laying
(continued on next page)
5
between Michigan and the District of Columbia, but I ultimately conclude that the
District of Columbia is the proper destination.5
(1) Maine
Venue is appropriate in a district in which a “substantial part of the events
or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred.” 28 U.S.C. § 1391(a). Here, the
malpractice stems from a lawsuit filed and considerably litigated in this District.
KGRM and Edens made appearances and filings before me and submitted
themselves to the jurisdiction of this court. Edens says that KGRM was
professionally negligent during that patent infringement action. Accordingly,
Edens has sufficiently alleged in its Complaint that a “substantial part of the
events or omissions” of malpractice occurred in this District, satisfying the
technical requirement of venue under the statute. See id.
That does not mean, however, that a “substantial part of the events or
omissions giving rise to the claim” did not occur elsewhere. Indeed, some of
Edens’ key allegations of negligence occurred much earlier than the patent
infringement suit in Maine. The KGRM associate who allegedly provided negligent
legal advice to Edens did so prior to Edens’ development of the product that
ultimately resulted in patent infringement liability. That legal advice came out of
the D.C. law firm at which he was employed, and the advice was parlayed, via an
intermediary, to Edens in Michigan. The KGRM associate’s allegedly negligent
venue in the wrong division or district shall dismiss, or if it be in the interest of justice, transfer
such case to any district or division in which it could have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1406(a).
5 Neither Edens nor KGRM suggests that venue exists in a federal forum other than Maine,
Michigan, or D.C.
6
patent investigation and analysis took place at his desk in D.C. Edens proceeded
to develop the infringing product through its principal place of business in
Michigan, and ultimately Edens retained KGRM in Washington, D.C., to defend it
in the ensuing infringement lawsuit. Throughout the patent litigation, KGRM
worked from its office in D.C., and communicated with Edens in Michigan.
Certainly, then, a greater portion of the “events or omissions giving rise” to the
malpractice claim occurred in Michigan and D.C. rather than in Maine, making
Michigan and D.C. alternative appropriate venues.
Given that Michigan and Washington, D.C., are such strong candidates to
host this lawsuit, I am persuaded to consider a venue transfer under § 1404(a),
contemplating the convenience of the parties and witnesses, the location of
relevant documents, and otherwise evaluating the “interest of justice.”6 I note
initially that the location of relevant documents is of little weight here. First,
electronic document systems have alleviated the need for storage of paper records
and have simplified the transfer of documents to the court. Second, any analysis
of this factor in this case ends in a neutral result—KGRM’s records are housed in
D.C., some of Edens’ records are in Maine (stored with its current counsel, Pierce
Atwood, as well as its local counsel in the patent litigation), and some of Edens’
records are located in Michigan where it maintains its place of business.
Most significantly weighing against keeping the case in Maine is the location
of the parties and witnesses. Neither the plaintiff nor the defendant resides in
6 Neither party suggests that I should consider any additional factors in my § 1404 analysis. See
(continued on next page)
7
Maine,7 and, as conceded by Edens in its brief, each party’s employees are located
outside of Maine. See Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to Transfer Venue at 6 (Docket
Item 13). The KGRM attorneys involved in the patent litigation, key witnesses in
this malpractice case, maintain their law practice outside of Maine and also live
outside of Maine. Other potential witnesses who reside outside of the state
include Edens’ patent practice expert, damages expert, and technical expert from
the underlying infringement action. Decl. of Bradford E. Kile ¶¶ 9-11 (Ex. A to
Def.’s Mot. for a Transfer of Venue) (Docket Item 10-2). KGRM also states that, for
purposes of this malpractice suit, it will call an expert witness from the pool of
patent professionals in the D.C. area. Id. ¶ 12. Only one plaintiff’s witness,
Edens’ local attorney in the patent case, resides in Maine. Olafsen Decl. ¶ 1.
Although I recognize that the plaintiff’s choice of the District of Maine is
entitled to some deference, I cannot conclude that Edens’ choice of forum
outweighs all the other factors in my § 1404(a) analysis. Because the plaintiff, the
defendant, and all but one of the witnesses are located outside of Maine, and the
greater weight of operative facts occurred outside of Maine both prior to and
during the patent litigation, I determine that the interest of justice requires that I
transfer this case from this District.8
Def.’s Mot. for a Transfer of Venue (Docket Item 10); Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to Transfer Venue
(Docket Item 13).
7 Although Edens’ current lawyers are located in Maine, Edens’ attorney conceded at oral argument
that convenience of counsel is not a relevant consideration in a venue transfer analysis.
8 Edens argues that my familiarity with Maine law counsels in favor of keeping the case, in the
interest of justice. See Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to Transfer Venue at 7. This assumes, however,
that Maine substantive law will apply to this malpractice suit, a conclusion that is uncertain given
the genesis of the alleged malpractice in D.C. and Michigan.
Edens also argues that, in the interest of justice, I should compare the efficiencies of the
(continued on next page)
8
(2) Michigan or the District of Columbia
Having determined that Maine is an unsuitable venue, I now turn to the
choice between Michigan and Washington, D.C., conducting my analysis using the
§ 1404 factors. As previously noted, the location of the paper records in this case
is a negligible factor. The location of the parties—one in Michigan and one in
D.C.—should also be given neutral weight.
It is therefore the convenience of the witnesses that ultimately instructs my
decision to transfer this case to the U.S. District Court for the District of
Columbia. All of the potential witnesses listed by the parties, save one, live in the
D.C. area. Edens’ experts in the underlying patent litigation and KGRM’s likely
expert witness candidate for this malpractice action are all located in or around
Washington, D.C.
Given the number of witnesses in D.C., I conclude that the scales tip in
favor of transfer to the D.C. forum rather than Michigan where the plaintiff
resides.
CONCLUSION
I therefore GRANT Edens’ Motion for a Transfer of Venue, and I hereby
ORDER the transfer of this case to the U.S. District Court for the District of
Columbia pursuant to my discretionary power under 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a). I also
ORDER a stay of entry of this transfer order for a period of seven (7) days to allow
dockets of Maine and D.C. See Pl.’s Opp’n to Def.’s Mot. to Transfer Venue at 8. Although I
recognize that this District has a lighter caseload than the District of Columbia and could certainly
manage the case, I do not believe that factor is dispositive, given the strength of other factors in
favor of D.C. as a forum.
9
opportunity for appeal to the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. If a notice of
appeal is not filed within that time period, this transfer order shall immediately
become effective.
SO ORDERED.
DATED THIS 18TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 2009
/S/D. BROCK HORNBY
D. BROCK HORNBY
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
10
|
#include <QtCore/QObject>
struct A
{
int v;
};
void test()
{
QObject *o;
int a, b, c;
auto f = [&a]() {}; // OK
o->connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [a]() {}); // OK
o->connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [&a]() {}); // Warning
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [&a]() { }); // Warning
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [&]() { a; b; }); // Warning
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [=]() { a; b; }); // OK
A *a1;
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [a1]() { a1->v; }); // OK
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [&a1]() { a1->v; }); // Warning
}
static int s;
struct C
{
void foo()
{
QObject *o;
int m;
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [this]() { }); // OK
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, []() { s; }); // OK
QObject::connect(o, &QObject::destroyed, [&m]() { m; }); // Warn
QObject o2;
QObject::connect(&o2, &QObject::destroyed, [&m]() { m; }); // OK, o is on the stack
QObject *o3;
QObject::connect(o3, &QObject::destroyed,
o3, [&o3] { o3; }); // OK, the captured variable is on the 3rd parameter too. It will get destroyed
}
int m;
};
|
Q:
The math behind Apple's Speak here example
I have a question regarding the math that Apple is using in it's speak here example.
A little background: I know that average power and peak power returned by the AVAudioRecorder and AVAudioPlayer is in dB. I also understand why the RMS power is in dB and that it needs to be converted into amp using pow(10, (0.5 * avgPower)).
My question being:
Apple uses this formula to create it's "Meter Table"
MeterTable::MeterTable(float inMinDecibels, size_t inTableSize, float inRoot)
: mMinDecibels(inMinDecibels),
mDecibelResolution(mMinDecibels / (inTableSize - 1)),
mScaleFactor(1. / mDecibelResolution)
{
if (inMinDecibels >= 0.)
{
printf("MeterTable inMinDecibels must be negative");
return;
}
mTable = (float*)malloc(inTableSize*sizeof(float));
double minAmp = DbToAmp(inMinDecibels);
double ampRange = 1. - minAmp;
double invAmpRange = 1. / ampRange;
double rroot = 1. / inRoot;
for (size_t i = 0; i < inTableSize; ++i) {
double decibels = i * mDecibelResolution;
double amp = DbToAmp(decibels);
double adjAmp = (amp - minAmp) * invAmpRange;
mTable[i] = pow(adjAmp, rroot);
}
}
What are all the calculations - or rather, what do each of these steps do? I think that mDecibelResolution and mScaleFactor are used to plot 80dB range over 400 values (unless I'm mistaken). However, what's the significance of inRoot, ampRange, invAmpRange and adjAmp? Additionally, why is the i-th entry in the meter table "mTable[i] = pow(adjAmp, rroot);"?
Any help is much appreciated! :)
Thanks in advance and cheers!
A:
It's been a month since I've asked this question, and thanks, Geebs, for your response! :)
So, this is related to a project that I've been working on, and the feature that is based on this was implemented about 2 days after asking that question. Clearly, I've slacked off on posting a closing response (sorry about that). I posted a comment on Jan 7, as well, but circling back, seems like I had a confusion with var names. >_<. Thought I'd give a full, line by line answer to this question (with pictures). :)
So, here goes:
//mDecibelResolution is the "weight" factor of each of the values in the meterTable.
//Here, the table is of size 400, and we're looking at values 0 to 399.
//Thus, the "weight" factor of each value is minValue / 399.
MeterTable::MeterTable(float inMinDecibels, size_t inTableSize, float inRoot)
: mMinDecibels(inMinDecibels),
mDecibelResolution(mMinDecibels / (inTableSize - 1)),
mScaleFactor(1. / mDecibelResolution)
{
if (inMinDecibels >= 0.)
{
printf("MeterTable inMinDecibels must be negative");
return;
}
//Allocate a table to store the 400 values
mTable = (float*)malloc(inTableSize*sizeof(float));
//Remember, "dB" is a logarithmic scale.
//If we have a range of -160dB to 0dB, -80dB is NOT 50% power!!!
//We need to convert it to a linear scale. Thus, we do pow(10, (0.05 * dbValue)), as stated in my question.
double minAmp = DbToAmp(inMinDecibels);
//For the next couple of steps, you need to know linear interpolation.
//Again, remember that all calculations are on a LINEAR scale.
//Attached is an image of the basic linear interpolation formula, and some simple equation solving.
//As per the image, and the following line, (y1 - y0) is the ampRange -
//where y1 = maxAmp and y0 = minAmp.
//In this case, maxAmp = 1amp, as our maxDB is 0dB - FYI: 0dB = 1amp.
//Thus, ampRange = (maxAmp - minAmp) = 1. - minAmp
double ampRange = 1. - minAmp;
//As you can see, invAmpRange is the extreme right hand side fraction on our image's "Step 3"
double invAmpRange = 1. / ampRange;
//Now, if we were looking for different values of x0, x1, y0 or y1, simply substitute it in that equation and you're good to go. :)
//The only reason we were able to get rid of x0 was because our minInterpolatedValue was 0.
//I'll come to this later.
double rroot = 1. / inRoot;
for (size_t i = 0; i < inTableSize; ++i) {
//Thus, for each entry in the table, multiply that entry with it's "weight" factor.
double decibels = i * mDecibelResolution;
//Convert the "weighted" value to amplitude using pow(10, (0.05 * decibelValue));
double amp = DbToAmp(decibels);
//This is linear interpolation - based on our image, this is the same as "Step 3" of the image.
double adjAmp = (amp - minAmp) * invAmpRange;
//This is where inRoot and rroot come into picture.
//Linear interpolation gives you a "straight line" between 2 end-points.
//rroot = 0.5
//If I raise a variable, say myValue by 0.5, it is essentially taking the square root of myValue.
//So, instead of getting a "straight line" response, by storing the square root of the value,
//we get a curved response that is similar to the one drawn in the image (note: not to scale).
mTable[i] = pow(adjAmp, rroot);
}
}
Response Curve image: As you can see, the "Linear curve" is not exactly a curve. >_<
Hope this helps the community in some way. :)
|
/*
* QEMU PowerPC pSeries Logical Partition (aka sPAPR) hardware System Emulator
*
* Hypercall based emulated RTAS
*
* Copyright (c) 2010-2011 David Gibson, IBM Corporation.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "cpu.h"
#include "qemu/log.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "hw/qdev.h"
#include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
#include "sysemu/cpus.h"
#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
#include "hw/ppc/spapr.h"
#include "hw/ppc/spapr_vio.h"
#include "hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.h"
#include "hw/ppc/ppc.h"
#include "qapi-event.h"
#include "hw/boards.h"
#include <libfdt.h>
#include "hw/ppc/spapr_drc.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "trace.h"
#include "hw/ppc/fdt.h"
static void rtas_display_character(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
uint8_t c = rtas_ld(args, 0);
VIOsPAPRDevice *sdev = vty_lookup(spapr, 0);
if (!sdev) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
} else {
vty_putchars(sdev, &c, sizeof(c));
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
}
}
static void rtas_power_off(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs, target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
if (nargs != 2 || nret != 1) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
qemu_system_shutdown_request(SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_GUEST_SHUTDOWN);
cpu_stop_current();
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
}
static void rtas_system_reboot(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
if (nargs != 0 || nret != 1) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
qemu_system_reset_request(SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_GUEST_RESET);
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
}
static void rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state(PowerPCCPU *cpu_,
sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
target_ulong id;
PowerPCCPU *cpu;
if (nargs != 1 || nret != 2) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
id = rtas_ld(args, 0);
cpu = ppc_get_vcpu_by_dt_id(id);
if (cpu != NULL) {
if (CPU(cpu)->halted) {
rtas_st(rets, 1, 0);
} else {
rtas_st(rets, 1, 2);
}
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
return;
}
/* Didn't find a matching cpu */
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
}
/*
* Set the timebase offset of the CPU to that of first CPU.
* This helps hotplugged CPU to have the correct timebase offset.
*/
static void spapr_cpu_update_tb_offset(PowerPCCPU *cpu)
{
PowerPCCPU *fcpu = POWERPC_CPU(first_cpu);
cpu->env.tb_env->tb_offset = fcpu->env.tb_env->tb_offset;
}
static void spapr_cpu_set_endianness(PowerPCCPU *cpu)
{
PowerPCCPU *fcpu = POWERPC_CPU(first_cpu);
PowerPCCPUClass *pcc = POWERPC_CPU_GET_CLASS(fcpu);
if (!pcc->interrupts_big_endian(fcpu)) {
cpu->env.spr[SPR_LPCR] |= LPCR_ILE;
}
}
static void rtas_start_cpu(PowerPCCPU *cpu_, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
target_ulong id, start, r3;
PowerPCCPU *cpu;
if (nargs != 3 || nret != 1) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
id = rtas_ld(args, 0);
start = rtas_ld(args, 1);
r3 = rtas_ld(args, 2);
cpu = ppc_get_vcpu_by_dt_id(id);
if (cpu != NULL) {
CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
CPUPPCState *env = &cpu->env;
if (!cs->halted) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
return;
}
/* This will make sure qemu state is up to date with kvm, and
* mark it dirty so our changes get flushed back before the
* new cpu enters */
kvm_cpu_synchronize_state(cs);
env->msr = (1ULL << MSR_SF) | (1ULL << MSR_ME);
env->nip = start;
env->gpr[3] = r3;
cs->halted = 0;
spapr_cpu_set_endianness(cpu);
spapr_cpu_update_tb_offset(cpu);
qemu_cpu_kick(cs);
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
return;
}
/* Didn't find a matching cpu */
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
}
static void rtas_stop_self(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
CPUPPCState *env = &cpu->env;
cs->halted = 1;
qemu_cpu_kick(cs);
/*
* While stopping a CPU, the guest calls H_CPPR which
* effectively disables interrupts on XICS level.
* However decrementer interrupts in TCG can still
* wake the CPU up so here we disable interrupts in MSR
* as well.
* As rtas_start_cpu() resets the whole MSR anyway, there is
* no need to bother with specific bits, we just clear it.
*/
env->msr = 0;
}
static inline int sysparm_st(target_ulong addr, target_ulong len,
const void *val, uint16_t vallen)
{
hwaddr phys = ppc64_phys_to_real(addr);
if (len < 2) {
return RTAS_OUT_SYSPARM_PARAM_ERROR;
}
stw_be_phys(&address_space_memory, phys, vallen);
cpu_physical_memory_write(phys + 2, val, MIN(len - 2, vallen));
return RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS;
}
static void rtas_ibm_get_system_parameter(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
target_ulong parameter = rtas_ld(args, 0);
target_ulong buffer = rtas_ld(args, 1);
target_ulong length = rtas_ld(args, 2);
target_ulong ret;
switch (parameter) {
case RTAS_SYSPARM_SPLPAR_CHARACTERISTICS: {
char *param_val = g_strdup_printf("MaxEntCap=%d,"
"DesMem=%llu,"
"DesProcs=%d,"
"MaxPlatProcs=%d",
max_cpus,
current_machine->ram_size / M_BYTE,
smp_cpus,
max_cpus);
ret = sysparm_st(buffer, length, param_val, strlen(param_val) + 1);
g_free(param_val);
break;
}
case RTAS_SYSPARM_DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE: {
uint8_t param_val = DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE_DISABLED;
ret = sysparm_st(buffer, length, ¶m_val, sizeof(param_val));
break;
}
case RTAS_SYSPARM_UUID:
ret = sysparm_st(buffer, length, (unsigned char *)&qemu_uuid,
(qemu_uuid_set ? 16 : 0));
break;
default:
ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED;
}
rtas_st(rets, 0, ret);
}
static void rtas_ibm_set_system_parameter(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
target_ulong parameter = rtas_ld(args, 0);
target_ulong ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED;
switch (parameter) {
case RTAS_SYSPARM_SPLPAR_CHARACTERISTICS:
case RTAS_SYSPARM_DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE:
case RTAS_SYSPARM_UUID:
ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_AUTHORIZED;
break;
}
rtas_st(rets, 0, ret);
}
static void rtas_ibm_os_term(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
qemu_system_guest_panicked(NULL);
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
}
static void rtas_set_power_level(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args, uint32_t nret,
target_ulong rets)
{
int32_t power_domain;
if (nargs != 2 || nret != 2) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
/* we currently only use a single, "live insert" powerdomain for
* hotplugged/dlpar'd resources, so the power is always live/full (100)
*/
power_domain = rtas_ld(args, 0);
if (power_domain != -1) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED);
return;
}
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
rtas_st(rets, 1, 100);
}
static void rtas_get_power_level(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
target_ulong args, uint32_t nret,
target_ulong rets)
{
int32_t power_domain;
if (nargs != 1 || nret != 2) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return;
}
/* we currently only use a single, "live insert" powerdomain for
* hotplugged/dlpar'd resources, so the power is always live/full (100)
*/
power_domain = rtas_ld(args, 0);
if (power_domain != -1) {
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED);
return;
}
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
rtas_st(rets, 1, 100);
}
static struct rtas_call {
const char *name;
spapr_rtas_fn fn;
} rtas_table[RTAS_TOKEN_MAX - RTAS_TOKEN_BASE];
target_ulong spapr_rtas_call(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPRMachineState *spapr,
uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs, target_ulong args,
uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
{
if ((token >= RTAS_TOKEN_BASE) && (token < RTAS_TOKEN_MAX)) {
struct rtas_call *call = rtas_table + (token - RTAS_TOKEN_BASE);
if (call->fn) {
call->fn(cpu, spapr, token, nargs, args, nret, rets);
return H_SUCCESS;
}
}
/* HACK: Some Linux early debug code uses RTAS display-character,
* but assumes the token value is 0xa (which it is on some real
* machines) without looking it up in the device tree. This
* special case makes this work */
if (token == 0xa) {
rtas_display_character(cpu, spapr, 0xa, nargs, args, nret, rets);
return H_SUCCESS;
}
hcall_dprintf("Unknown RTAS token 0x%x\n", token);
rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
return H_PARAMETER;
}
uint64_t qtest_rtas_call(char *cmd, uint32_t nargs, uint64_t args,
uint32_t nret, uint64_t rets)
{
int token;
for (token = 0; token < RTAS_TOKEN_MAX - RTAS_TOKEN_BASE; token++) {
if (strcmp(cmd, rtas_table[token].name) == 0) {
sPAPRMachineState *spapr = SPAPR_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
PowerPCCPU *cpu = POWERPC_CPU(first_cpu);
rtas_table[token].fn(cpu, spapr, token + RTAS_TOKEN_BASE,
nargs, args, nret, rets);
return H_SUCCESS;
}
}
return H_PARAMETER;
}
void spapr_rtas_register(int token, const char *name, spapr_rtas_fn fn)
{
assert((token >= RTAS_TOKEN_BASE) && (token < RTAS_TOKEN_MAX));
token -= RTAS_TOKEN_BASE;
assert(!rtas_table[token].name);
rtas_table[token].name = name;
rtas_table[token].fn = fn;
}
void spapr_dt_rtas_tokens(void *fdt, int rtas)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < RTAS_TOKEN_MAX - RTAS_TOKEN_BASE; i++) {
struct rtas_call *call = &rtas_table[i];
if (!call->name) {
continue;
}
_FDT(fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, rtas, call->name, i + RTAS_TOKEN_BASE));
}
}
void spapr_load_rtas(sPAPRMachineState *spapr, void *fdt, hwaddr addr)
{
int rtas_node;
int ret;
/* Copy RTAS blob into guest RAM */
cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, spapr->rtas_blob, spapr->rtas_size);
ret = fdt_add_mem_rsv(fdt, addr, spapr->rtas_size);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Couldn't add RTAS reserve entry: %s",
fdt_strerror(ret));
exit(1);
}
/* Update the device tree with the blob's location */
rtas_node = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/rtas");
assert(rtas_node >= 0);
ret = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, rtas_node, "linux,rtas-base", addr);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Couldn't add linux,rtas-base property: %s",
fdt_strerror(ret));
exit(1);
}
ret = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, rtas_node, "linux,rtas-entry", addr);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Couldn't add linux,rtas-entry property: %s",
fdt_strerror(ret));
exit(1);
}
ret = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, rtas_node, "rtas-size", spapr->rtas_size);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Couldn't add rtas-size property: %s",
fdt_strerror(ret));
exit(1);
}
}
static void core_rtas_register_types(void)
{
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_DISPLAY_CHARACTER, "display-character",
rtas_display_character);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_POWER_OFF, "power-off", rtas_power_off);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_SYSTEM_REBOOT, "system-reboot",
rtas_system_reboot);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_QUERY_CPU_STOPPED_STATE, "query-cpu-stopped-state",
rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_START_CPU, "start-cpu", rtas_start_cpu);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_STOP_SELF, "stop-self", rtas_stop_self);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_IBM_GET_SYSTEM_PARAMETER,
"ibm,get-system-parameter",
rtas_ibm_get_system_parameter);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_IBM_SET_SYSTEM_PARAMETER,
"ibm,set-system-parameter",
rtas_ibm_set_system_parameter);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_IBM_OS_TERM, "ibm,os-term",
rtas_ibm_os_term);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_SET_POWER_LEVEL, "set-power-level",
rtas_set_power_level);
spapr_rtas_register(RTAS_GET_POWER_LEVEL, "get-power-level",
rtas_get_power_level);
}
type_init(core_rtas_register_types)
|
Q:
Como agrupar e remover as linhas com valores "null" dessa consulta no MySQL
CREATE TABLE tblCliente (
idCliente int(11),
estado int(1)
);
CREATE TABLE tblPergunta (
idPergunta int,
idCategoria int,
pergunta varchar(255),
tipoResposta tinyint(1)
);
CREATE TABLE tblClienteRespostaPre (
idCliente int(11),
idPergunta int(11),
idRespostaPre int(11),
privacidade int(1),
verificada int(1)
);
CREATE TABLE tblRespostaPre (
idRespostaPre int(11),
idPergunta int(11),
resposta varchar(255)
);
insert into tblCliente values
(1, 1),
(2, 1),
(3, 1);
insert into tblPergunta values
(16, 1, 'qual o seu telefone?',1),
(34, 4, 'qual o seu email?', 1),
(35, 2, 'você é de são paulo?',1);
insert into tblClienteRespostaPre values
(1, 16, 1, 1, 1),
(1, 34, 2, 1, 1),
(1, 35, 3, 1, 1),
(2, 16, 4, 1, 1),
(2, 34, 5, 1, 1),
(2, 35, 6, 1, 1),
(3, 16, 7, 1, 1),
(3, 34, 8, 1, 1),
(3, 35, 9, 1, 1);
insert into tblRespostaPre values
(1, 16, '123456789'),
(2, 34, 'meuemail@xxx.com'),
(3, 35, 'sim'),
(4, 16, '568723658'),
(5, 34, 'ououo@ouou.com'),
(6, 35, 'não'),
(7, 16, '687678677'),
(8, 34, 'nonono@uol.com'),
(9, 35, 'Claro');
SET @sql = NULL;
SET @count := 0;
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT CONCAT(
'CASE WHEN tblRespostaPre.idPergunta = ', idPergunta,' THEN \'', resposta,'\'
ELSE null END AS \'Resposta ',@count:=@count + 1,'\'')
)
INTO @sql
FROM
tblRespostaPre where idPergunta IN (16,34,35);
SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT tblCliente.idCliente,
tblPergunta.idPergunta,
',@sql,'
FROM tblCliente
INNER JOIN tblClienteRespostaPre ON (tblClienteRespostaPre.idCliente=tblCliente.idCliente)
INNER JOIN tblPergunta ON (tblPergunta.idPergunta=tblClienteRespostaPre.idPergunta)
INNER JOIN tblRespostaPre ON (tblRespostaPre.idPergunta=tblClienteRespostaPre.idPergunta)
WHERE tblPergunta.idPergunta IN (16,34,35) AND tblCliente.estado=1
group by tblPergunta.idPergunta, tblCliente.idCliente');
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
Código de exemplo: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!9/8332c/15
A ideia é colocar em formato de pivot (invertendo as linhas para colunas), essa consulta ele retorna na vertical as perguntas, mas teria que ser na horizontal:
SELECT cli.idCliente as ID_CLIENTE,
perg.idPergunta as ID_PERGUNTA,
resp.idRespostaPre as ID_RESPOSTA,
perg.pergunta as PERGUNTA,
resp.resposta as RESPOSTA
FROM tblCliente cli
INNER JOIN tblClienteRespostaPre cli_resp
ON (cli_resp.idCliente=cli.idCliente)
LEFT JOIN tblPergunta perg
ON (perg.idPergunta=cli_resp.idPergunta)
LEFT JOIN tblRespostaPre resp
ON (resp.idPergunta=cli_resp.idPergunta)
WHERE perg.idPergunta in(16,34,35) AND cli.estado=1;
A:
Se eu entendi sua pergunta direito você está tentando fazer essa consulta aqui:
SELECT
cli_resp.idCliente,
MAX(IF(cli_resp.idPergunta = 16, resp.resposta, NULL)) AS `Qual o seu telefone?`,
MAX(IF(cli_resp.idPergunta = 34, resp.resposta, NULL)) AS `Qual o seu email?`,
MAX(IF(cli_resp.idPergunta = 35, resp.resposta, NULL)) AS `Você é de são paulo?`
FROM tblCliente cli
INNER JOIN tblClienteRespostaPre cli_resp
ON (cli.idCliente = cli_resp.idCliente)
LEFT JOIN tblRespostaPre resp
ON (cli_resp.idRespostaPre = resp.idRespostaPre)
WHERE cli.estado = 1 AND cli_resp.idPergunta IN (16, 34, 35)
GROUP BY cli.idCliente
ORDER BY cli.idCliente;
Resultado
Se a ideia era gerar o SQL da consulta dinamicamente a partir de uma lista de ids das perguntas você estava no caminho certo:
SET @id_perguntas = '16,34,35';
SET @sql = NULL;
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(
CONCAT('MAX(IF(cli_resp.idPergunta = ', idPergunta, ', resp.resposta, NULL))',
' AS `', pergunta, '`'))
INTO @sql
FROM
tblPergunta
WHERE FIND_IN_SET(idPergunta, @id_perguntas)
ORDER BY idPergunta;
SET @sql = CONCAT(
'SELECT
cli_resp.idCliente,',
@sql,
'FROM tblCliente cli
INNER JOIN tblClienteRespostaPre cli_resp
ON (cli.idCliente = cli_resp.idCliente)
LEFT JOIN tblRespostaPre resp
ON (cli_resp.idRespostaPre = resp.idRespostaPre)
WHERE cli.estado = 1 AND cli_resp.idPergunta IN (', @id_perguntas, ')',
'GROUP BY cli.idCliente
ORDER BY cli.idCliente');
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
Exemplo funcional no SQLFiddle
Fonte: SOen - MySQL pivot table query with dynamic columns
|
Rob Ford stripped of powers by Toronto council
Toronto Mayor Rob Ford faced another setback Monday as the City Council voted to strip away most of his remaining powers in a heated council meeting, where he also knocked over a council woman during an altercation.
http://archive.newsleader.com/VideoNetwork/2849484905001/Rob-Ford-stripped-of-powers-by-Toronto-councilhttp://bc_gvpc_od-f.akamaihd.net/media/963482463001/201311/1358/963482463001_2849468337001_f054a5e4-ea08-42b8-b449-68e4586fe0d9.mp4?pubId=44692044001&videoId=2849484905001http://archive.newsleader.com/VideoNetwork/2849484905001/Rob-Ford-stripped-of-powers-by-Toronto-councilhttp://bc_gvpc.edgesuite.net/img/963482463001/201311/774/963482463001_2849373694001_thumbnail-for-video-2849458789001.jpgRob Ford stripped of powers by Toronto councilToronto Mayor Rob Ford faced another setback Monday as the City Council voted to strip away most of his remaining powers in a heated council meeting, where he also knocked over a council woman during an altercation.9vpcleadpoliticsvpcbestGovernmenttoronto mayor rob fordrob ford knocks over womanInternational newscity of torontoToronto city councilvpcrob fordNeed to Know01:01 |
Cervical cancer regression measured using weekly magnetic resonance imaging during fractionated radiotherapy: radiobiologic modeling and correlation with tumor hypoxia.
To measure regression of cancer of the uterine cervix during external beam radiotherapy using magnetic resonance imaging, derive radiobiologic parameters from a mathematical model of tumor regression, and compare these parameters with the pretreatment measurements of tumor hypoxia. A total of 27 eligible patients undergoing external beam radiotherapy for cervical cancer underwent weekly magnetic resonance imaging scans. The tumor volume was assessed on each of these scans and the rate of regression plotted. A radiobiologic model was formulated to simulate the effect on tumor regression of the surviving proportion of cells after 2 Gy (SP(2)), the cell clearance constant (clearance of irreparably damaged cells from the tumor [T(c)]), and accelerated repopulation. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to fit the radiobiologic model to the magnetic resonance imaging-derived tumor volumes and to derive the estimates of SP(2) and T(c) for each patient. These were compared to the pretreatment hypoxia measurements. The initial tumor volume was 8-209 cm(3). The relative reduction in volume during treatment was 0.02-0.79. The simulations using representative values of the independent biologic variables derived from published data showed SP(2) and T(c) to strongly influence the shape of the volume-response curves. Nonlinear regression analysis yielded a median SP(2) of 0.71 and median T(c) of 10 days. Tumors with a high SP(2) >0.71 were significantly more hypoxic at diagnosis (p = 0.02). The results of our study have shown that cervical cancer regresses during external beam radiotherapy, although marked variability is present among patients and is influenced by underlying biologic processes, including cellular sensitivity to radiotherapy and proliferation. Better understanding of the biologic mechanisms might facilitate novel adaptive treatment strategies in future studies. |
Tunneled-cuffed catheter implanted into the accessory hemiazygos vein because of occlusion of the left innominate vein.
Hemodialyzed patients are at risk of multiple catheterizations. Nephrologists performing such procedures need to be familiar with congenital and acquired vascular abnormalities. We describe a successful insertion and use of a cuffed-tunneled catheter in a patient with unusual anatomy of the central venous system. Computed tomography angiography revealed thrombosis of the right subclavian vein and bilateral occlusion of innominate veins. The left internal jugular and subclavian veins joined to form a large vessel that drained through the accessory hemiazygos and azygos veins into the superior vena cava. The catheter was implanted through the left internal jugular vein into the accessory hemiazygos vein. The presented case demonstrates that the catheter can be implanted into distended collateral, especially when no other location is possible. |
The violent tirade spewing from the mouth of Mel Gibson may be shocking to the general public, but it is disturbingly familiar to those of us who have experienced such white-hot abuse up close and personal.
Five taped telephone conversations between Mel Gibson, the movie star, and Oksana Grigorieva, his former girlfriend and mother of his eight-month-old daughter, were posted last week on the celebrity gossip website RadarOnline.com.
A bit of background is in order. Gibson apparently left his wife of 28 years, Robyn Moore, with whom he has seven children, for Oksana. In 2009, photos emerged of Gibson embracing Oksana on a beach in Costa Rica, and after that, Robyn Moore filed for divorce.
Oksana is a Russian pianist and singer-songwriter, who studied music in Moscow and London. She moved to the United States and wrote a hit song for Josh Groban. In 2009, she released an album called Beautiful Heartache; Mel Gibson was the executive producer and director of a music video for the album.
Oksana and Mel Gibson had a daughter in October 2009 who is now the subject of a child custody battle. Los Angeles police are also investigating an alleged incident of domestic violence that occurred in January 2010; Oksana filed a formal complaint a few weeks ago.
Extreme abuse
In February 2010, the abusive phone calls between Mel Gibson and Oksana Grigorieva allegedly took place. No one has confirmed that the voice on the phone is Mel Gibson, but no one has denied it either. The caller sure sounds like Mel.
And Mel sounds vile. He is beyond belligerent—he is raging, panting and hyperventilating. He cusses Oksana out. He calls her denigrating names”—whore” is one of the milder ones. He threatens to burn the house down—but first Oksana will give him sex.
What sparked the tirade? Apparently Oksana’s offense was falling asleep before Mel received the sexual gratification to which he felt entitled.
Five tapes, uncut and unbleeped, were posted on RadarOnline.com. They are disgusting. They are offensive. And for some of you, they may be triggers. If you want to listen, please be sure that you’re strong enough.
What’s wrong?
So now there seems to be a new celebrity parlor game going on called, “What’s wrong with Mel?”
The Week magazine published a story called Diagnosing Mel Gibson: 4 theories. Lundy Bancroft called Mel Gibson a classic batterer. Some psychologists say he’s bipolar, others say he has a sociopathic personality. One therapist actually said Mel was feeling powerless.
Two Lovefraud readers sent in a link to an excellent article in the New York Times called The Gospel of Mel Gibson, by journalist David Brooks. Brooks says Mel is a narcissist:
The narcissistic person is marked by a grandiose self-image, a constant need for admiration, and a general lack of empathy for others. He is the keeper of a sacred flame, which is the flame he holds to celebrate himself.
Are you kidding me? My guess is that the “unnamed source” was a spin doctor in Mel Gibson’s camp who was attempting damage control by painting the woman as the villain.
One variety of verbal abuse
The most helpful article, from Lovefraud’s point of view, was posted by Tina Brown on thedailybeast.com. She wrote:
If this tape is allowable in court it may happily be just the evidence needed to land him in jail for domestic abuse. This is no “he said, she said” argument now, it’s Mel, clear as a bell, admitting he hit Oksana “while she was holding a child in her hands” because she “f—- deserved it.”
It’s a payday for Oksana who, like every woman in a battle for child custody with a powerful man, finds herself painted as a lying opportunist. Most of the rancor coming Mel’s way so far has been about his racist comments. But his vile misogyny is more unsettling still. It’s as if a curtain has been raised on the window of every house where a frightened woman is living in fear of a man who has all the financial cards.
Sometimes, foaming-at-the-mouth rage of the alleged Mel Gibson tapes are what abuse sounds like. Other times, the abuse is calm, cold and collected. I hope another celebrity records an abusive partner who speaks in a cruel, calculating manner, so that people learn what that type of abuse sounds like as well.
I do get triggered when I hear about those of us who choose to stay or rationalize it or make excuses for it or erroneously believe they are doing the smartest thing by playing at their game… yes it triggers me…because I know all too well it just leads to more and more chaos confusion frustration and unhealthiness every step into it one keeps taking in that direction.
I do not judge you though. While i cant support you I can say I understand you are in the place you are in because of your choices – ones of which you will either learn and grow from or spiral downward into a deeper darker pit with them..but it is your life – and your own to choose, create, make what you would like to of it.
I was thinking this too…what if your house was burning down and inside the house was a safe filled with instructions and directions and pathes for your daily life/your long term future … would you risk your life and go back into the burning home in order to feel safe/good about how you are to proceed in your life or would you perhaps save your life and take a chance on trusting yourself, believing in yourself that you will be ok without having all the answers…because you will have new boundaries and knowledge about YOURSELF – what you will and wont accept. Its not so much about OTHERS (although the knowledge you now have should help you really be able to steer clear of letting Socio’s into your life) but its about YOU – commiting to yourself to respect you, love you, trust you and rely on you! And believing that you can and will navigate your way on your own – without negative draining controlling manipulative gameplaying people in your life as you go forward.
So think about it next time you have the choice to jump into the flames for answers about them …or walk alway for answers about yourself and finding new inspirations and new directions in your life.
You are an intelligent strong willed woman. There is more than one way to do things .. Open your mind to the possibilities of handling them/yourself differently as you try to accomplish your goal of getting him/them out of your life. (If thats your goal here – )
Skylar the blunt scary truth is that no matter what you or anyone else do there is no way to 100% “protect myself”. Just from what little you have typed out on here shows how your observations are seen through the lens of your own experiences, opinions, beliefs.
No matter what you might think you can learn it still wont “protect” you. There is a million and one ways to come at someone and frankly the ones who think they know better or are smarter than others are the ones that often make the best targets because they are openly displaying their blindspot and how naive they really are.
As someone who has professionally been involved in working with a population that has a high number of psychopathic individuals I can say that I have watched other professionals fall because they became complacent, arrogant, thoiught they knew better or were smarter (watched a few co-workers almost be killed over the years because of this). If your “strength” is your “intelligence” than that is also your weakness and one area that a good con would use against you. And to be even more blunt – sometimes they are no rational or logical answers. Sometimes bad things happen.
As for some of your other comments about never meeting an honest man and types of people you attract, well that has nothing or very little to do with other people and more to do with you. Maybe you should turn your intellect into studying that. And your recent comments do not come across in writing as coming from a place of empathy or even sympathy.
thanks for everyone’s concern. I really wish I could post here without getting everyone upset. I feel like I need a sounding board sometimes especially when I get an insight that I want to share. From the first moment, I felt like Joe was a P because 1) I know my exP only reveals things that he knows will be acceptable to you and Joe told me that exP had admitted liking 12 year old girls. DUH. Why would he tell Joe, if he thought Joe would disrespect him for that? 2) Joe has always had financial problems – mostly paying what he owes and walking away from responsibilty. If you had to pick ONE THING they all have in common, it’s that they don’t like to pay what they owe. They are entitled to take what they want. Some, like my brother in law, will learn the system and clean up their credit scores using shinanagins they learn in books, then attach themselves to a wife with a pristine credit score in order to blend into society, but they always show their true colors when it’s time to pay. Joe wants to clean up his act and become – correction – appear to become an upstanding member of society so I was taken in for a bit. I’m still holding out a teensy bit of hope that Joe can learn the error of his ways but not holding my breath. If he doesn’t, it will just be that much more SPATH-Vaccine, for me. It’s not hurting me to have a job, pay my bills and listen to his lies. This situation was actually a God Send and I’m grateful for it, as with anything that God sends me, looking at it with gratitude and learning from it has kept me alive and thriving despite the hell I’ve been through. Seriously, I came out of hell like tempered metal and after the evil demon that I lived with for 25 years, Joe is a walk in the park. He is now so scared of what my exP will do to him that he’s toeing the line with me. He still denies he was in on a game with the P but his actions speak louder than words. And my bills are getting paid! yay!
Here we go…Mel is now doing what he does best BLAMING the medication he was on….”the pills I was taking made me nuts” how convenient!!
Liten here buddy, there has to be that toxic stuff IN you in the first place to come out…gimme a break…this is what really annoys me about this man…I’d respect him more if he stuck to the truth and owned his nastiness…all he does is say the booze made me do it…the drugs made me do it..big baby Mel..you are a big baby!!!
hens- “Mel-o-drama” the one -line poet strikes again!
and he won’t do any jail time…it would do him good..a spell in jail without drugs and booze…see what he is like au naturelle |
Q:
Getting the JDBC column types
I need to ask about my column jdbc type in a table, today I am looping throw my columns and then asking about its type, see my code below :
public int getColumnDataTypeFromDB(String columnName) {
int datatype = 0;
ResultSet columns = null;
try {
String schema =
getMetaDataCatalogName() != null
? getMetaDataCatalogName()
: getMetaDataSchemaName();
if (TableManagerFactory.isCatalogBasedDatabase()) {
columns =
getMetaData().getColumns(
schema,
null,
tableName,
columnName);
} else {
columns =
getMetaData().getColumns(
null,
schema,
tableName,
columnName);
}
// columns =
// getMetaData().getColumns(getMetaDataCatalogName(), getMetaDataSchemaName(), tableName, columnName);
if (columns.next()) {
datatype = columns.getInt("DATA_TYPE");
}
} catch (SQLException ex) {
Log.error(
this,
"Error while getting columns information: " + ex.getMessage(),
ex);
//return false;
} catch (DDLCreationException ex) {
Log.error(this, ex.getMessage());
} finally {
try {
if (columns != null) {
columns.close();
}
} catch (SQLException ex) {
Log.error(this, ex.getLocalizedMessage());
}
}
return datatype;
}
Can I get all the columns metadata in such a table at the same time ?
if yes, how can I do it ??
A:
Use jdbc ResultSetMetaData class to get the detail information of the table columns.
ResultSet res=stmt.executeQuery("select * from tableName where 1<0");
ResultSetMetaData rsmd=res.getMetaData();
rsmd.getColumnType(1);
rsmd.getColumnLabel(1);
rsmd.getColumnDisplaySize(1);
A:
The parameters to DatabaseMetaData.getColumns(..) are supposed to be a LIKE-pattern. So if you want to get all columns from a table, you simply need to pass in "%" to the last parameter, columnNamePattern:
getMetaData().getColumns(null, schema, tableName, "%");
Some drivers (also) allow null here, but not all drivers do that (the JDBC specification and API documentation is not entirely clear whether that is allowed or not for this parameter)
|
uncertainity is it's beauty
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Argentina Vs Venezuela ,WorldCup Qualifiers
The Football players Around the world returned to their national colors this week for their national duty this week for World Cup Qualifiers 2014 and the European sides for Euro 2012 qualifiers and nothing much was expected from these matches as these are the matches of the very beginning and that too not much of upsets or surprises were expected and none of any match was amongst powerful teams and all the players were expected to return to their club duties asusual after finishing the formalities and i would bet none would have predicted what was awaiting them. All those football fans who were taking these qualifiers lightly got hit on the face with a Amazingly baked pie!.
Yes,The World Cup Qualifiers received a great shock and to add more excitement to the qualifier’s, Venezuela who were not even considered a competition against Argentina and furthermore considered a practice match for the Big league Stars Turned out be a shocker for not many but all . The Argentines with their glittering Stars in Messi, Higuain, Mascherano and whomsoever could not shine against the Confident and very vibrant Venezuelans who did not exhibit any kind of fear or even so saying did not give any kind of respect to the star power of The Argentine side.The Venezuelan’s exhibited full courage and the Scoreline of 1-0 is not so true of the kind of dominance the venezuelan’s had in the match.
The Argentine have seen some Historic Goals from their Demi-Gods from Hands and Boots and the goal from Amorebieta in the 61st minute headed into the net from a corner was much of a goal of pain for the Argentines. The Venezuelans totally deserved of that goal and after that goal Venezuela tightened up their defence and it seemed like all the doors were shut for the Argentines and one could not even remember having a shot on target by the Argentines . If it wasn’t for the Argentina Goal-Keeper Mariano Andujar , the margin of defeat would have been further embarrassing for Argentina.Argentina has to do some serious grouping to get back from this shocking Defeat. Meanwhile Denmark Upsetted the Fancied Portugese consisting of Stars in Christiano Ronaldo & Nani , Ronaldo Scored a late consolation goal.
Note : The Same Venezuelan Side was defeated by Ecuador 2-0 the previous Qualifier match.
Nov 30, Real Madrid Vs Barcelona, La Liga
El clasico! that is what it is called the La liga match between the arch rivals Barcelona Vs Real madrid every season, but i doubt it after seeing this match.Touted the most anticipated match of the La liga season as both the teams were at a near deadlock for the top spot. But, i did not live upto it’s expectation. Real Madrid with all it’s international superstars and Barca with all it’s Spanish super stars the match line up seemed closely like world Vs Spain. The very start of the match was the start of all that is going to follow. The first goal was scored with the clock just @ 9 min’s by Xavi and thats it barca was the superior side throughout the match with the score line @ half time being 2:0 with Real seemed like getting in the groove but in the later half the Barcelona steam rolled their rivals scoring another three and finished the match with the score line @ 5:0. the match was not that a dead rubber as the score line suggests the match was painted yellow with an astounding collection of 11 yellow cards with joint effort by both the teams and like rubbing salt in wound Sergio Ramos was sent of in the finishing minute of the match.The celebrated C.Ronaldo could do nothing but dribble the ball. The other celebrated star Messi was firce in attack as he broke the defence of Real many a times. Mourinho stated in his statement that it was the worst defeat of his career
Now,”Barcelona leads the Standings and looking good for one more successive La Liga title” |
// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
namespace System.ComponentModel.Design
{
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Interface | AttributeTargets.Struct)]
public sealed class ProjectTargetFrameworkAttribute : Attribute
{
public ProjectTargetFrameworkAttribute(string targetFrameworkMoniker)
{
TargetFrameworkMoniker = targetFrameworkMoniker;
}
public string TargetFrameworkMoniker { get; }
}
}
|
Joseph Mazzarino
Joseph's Biography
Joseph Mazzarino began working with the Muppets in 1989 and has been performing and writing for Sesame Street since 1990.
He performs a number of characters on the show, including Murray, Stinky the Stinkweed, the Two-Headed Monster, Papa Bear, and one very strange Elephant in a tutu. Mazzarino has also directed several Sesame Street episodes.
Mazzarino's writing credits include Sheep in the Big City and Bear in the Big Blue House, as well as a feature-length video of the Disney Channel's Stanley. He has co-written several screenplays, including Muppets in Space and The Adventures of Elmo in Grouchland. Mazzarino wrote and performed on the first-ever Henson direct-to-video feature, Kermit's Swamp Years. In 2010, Mazzarino won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series for his performances of Murray, Stinky and Blogg. |
Rolling coverage of the day’s political developments as they happen, including Tim Farron’s speech to the Lib Dem conference in Bournemouth |
Declared a pandemic by the WHO, the world is currently facing the largest health crisis of the last decades. First reported in December 2019 in the Wuhan province of China, the virus SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease COVID-19, ranging from milder flu-like symptoms and fever to severe lung disease and multiple organ failure leading to fatalities.
The novel coronavirus shares many similarities with the original Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) which emerged 17 years ago and was extensively studied by the Penninger group at IMBA, who was among the first to describe ACE2 as host cell receptor of the original coronavirus.
Recent studies now confirmed that the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 also binds to ACE2 in its host with even higher binding affinity – also explaining the severity of the disease.
ACE2 is mainly expressed in the human lung, which is why in most COVID-19 patients, the lungs are heavily affected by the virus. However, ACE2 is also found in additional tissues such as the human heart, kidneys, blood vessels and intestine, which might explain the multiple organ failure oftentimes caused by COVID-19.
In the recent study published in Cell, a joint international effort led by Josef Penninger with scientists from Austria, Canada, Sweden and Spain, published groundbreaking results as they were able to slow SARS-CoV-2 viral growth both in cell culture and human organoids. By using a clinical-grade human recombinant soluble ACE2 (hrsACE2) in cell culture, the viral infection was slowed 1000- to 5000-fold.
IMBA group leader and founding director Josef Penninger, who is now director of the Life Sciences Institute of the University of British Columbia, explains: “Due to the promising results in vitro, we wanted to test hrsACE2 in vivo – usually, human tests would take years to get the first results. However, we already engineered human capillary organoids at IMBA back in 2019, and in our amazing network of researchers we were able to rapidly generate human kidney organoids. These organoids are a great tool to rapidly develop therapies in COVID-19 disease relevant-human tissue.”
These engineered human tissue organoids were infected with SARS-CoV-2 directly purified from a COVID-19 patient and were shown to be able to produce viral progeny in multiple experiments. Following infection with the virus, adding hrsACE2 to the organoids drastically reduced the viral infection, showing the incredible efficiency of the blocking effect.
Human recombinant soluble ACE2 (hrsACE2) was developed by the biotech company Apeiron Biologics and has already undergone phase 1 and phase 2 clinical testing in healthy volunteers and patients with lung disease. "We are delighted that this international collaboration, which has been so successful, has produced a solid data base that supports our proposed mode of action for the action of rhACE2, also known as APN01. This of course motivates us all the more to test the efficacy of APN01 in COVID-19 patients in controlled clinical trials," says Peter Llewellyn-Davies, CEO of Apeiron Biologics. Besides blocking the virus, APN01 was designed to protect multiple tissues, especially the lung, from failing.
Original publication
„Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2“, Monteil et al., Cell, 2020; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.004
This study is an international collaboration between the Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, the National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the company STEMCELL Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada, the Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, the company Apeiron Biologics, the University of Toronto, the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain, as well as the Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
About IMBA
IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology - is one of the leading biomedical research institutes in Europe focusing on cutting-edge stem cell technologies, functional genomics, and RNA biology. IMBA is located at the Vienna BioCenter, the vibrant cluster of universities, research institutes and biotech companies in Austria. IMBA is a subsidiary of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the leading national sponsor of non-university academic research. The stem cell and organoid research at IMBA is being funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and the City of Vienna.
About Apeiron Biologics
Apeiron Biologics AG is a European private biotechnology company based in Vienna, Austria, specializing in the discovery, development and commercialization of novel immunotherapies for cancer. APN01 is a recombinant human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) which has already undergone several phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), ALI (acute lung injury) and PAH (pulmonary arterial hypertension). APN01 has been shown to be safe and well tolerated. Recently, ACE2 has been shown to act as a cellular entry receptor for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Apeiron is therefore currently preparing a phase 2 clinical trial in Europe for COVID-19 and is exploring options for further clinical development in China.
www.apeiron-biologics.com |
Because the birthplace of baseball, the Boss, and Bubble Wrap, New Jersey has bought all of it, and Uncle John’s Plunges into New Jersey covers all of it . . . in outstanding Technicolor! This cool compendium is stuffed with electrifying minutiae and engaging proof in regards to the backyard country, and this variation is choked with images and illustrations too!
Ever want you had an area pal out west? somebody to teach you round? want granted. full of 10+ interviews with those who dwell, paintings, and experience in Colorado, this little consultant will supply you:Directions to hidden-away, local-loved cafes, eating places, and barsLists of lesser-known points of interest and information on which monstrous points of interest are worthy seeing—and which aren’tUnique and fascinating excursion suggestionsTips for the way to make acquaintances, get a better price, and slot in with the neighborhood cultureAnd rather a lot moreIt’s time to adventure real, neighborhood Denver, Colorado Springs, Boulder, and their surroundings—through the eyes of these who've lived there for years.
Lifelong angler and Oregon resident Craig Schuhmann deals thorough insurance of fishing spots everywhere in the kingdom, from the waters of the Columbia River Gorge to the lakes of the Cascades. Schuhmann offers fishermen with exact, a professional details on designated laws, acceptable fishing occasions, the easiest fishing dresses, and while to take advantage of which baits and lures; and he comprises convenient maps and distinctive instructions to aid anglers locate even the main hidden destinations.
Situated within the southern zone of the White Mountains, Campton used to be granted its constitution in 1767 via Gov. John Wentworth, who was once in place of work among 1767 and 1775. Early settlers from Connecticut and Massachusetts have been lured through the great thing about the rivers and mountains and beckoned by way of the fertile fields and virgin forests. |
Q:
Calling ffmpeg kills script in background only
I've got a python script that calls ffmpeg via subprocess to do some mp3 manipulations. It works fine in the foreground, but if I run it in the background, it gets as far as the ffmpeg command, which itself gets as far as dumping its config into stderr. At this point, everything stops and the parent task is reported as stopped, without raising an exception anywhere. I've tried a few other simple commands in the place of ffmpeg, they execute normally in foreground or background.
This is the minimal example of the problem:
import subprocess
inf = "3HTOSD.mp3"
outf = "out.mp3"
args = [ "ffmpeg",
"-y",
"-i", inf,
"-ss", "0",
"-t", "20",
outf
]
print "About to do"
result = subprocess.call(args)
print "Done"
I really can't work out why or how a wrapped process can cause the parent to terminate without at least raising an error, and how it only happens in so niche a circumstance. What is going on?
Also, I'm aware that ffmpeg isn't the nicest of packages, but I'm interfacing with something that has using ffmpeg compiled into it, so using it again seems sensible.
A:
It might be related to Linux process in background - “Stopped” in jobs? e.g., using parent.py:
from subprocess import check_call
check_call(["python", "-c", "import sys; sys.stdin.readline()"])
should reproduce the issue: "parent.py script shown as stopped" if you run it in bash as a background job:
$ python parent.py &
[1] 28052
$ jobs
[1]+ Stopped python parent.py
If the parent process is in an orphaned process group then it is killed on receiving SIGTTIN signal (a signal to stop).
The solution is to redirect the input:
import os
from subprocess import check_call
try:
from subprocess import DEVNULL
except ImportError: # Python 2
DEVNULL = open(os.devnull, 'r+b', 0)
check_call(["python", "-c", "import sys; sys.stdin.readline()"], stdin=DEVNULL)
If you don't need to see ffmpeg stdout/stderr; you could also redirect them to /dev/null:
check_call(ffmpeg_cmd, stdin=DEVNULL, stdout=DEVNULL, stderr=STDOUT)
|
Q:
Converting thick provisioned disks to thin provisioned not reducing space used
I have followed these steps to convert a .vmdk virtual disk from thick-provisioned to thin-provisioned, however, a 50GB disk with 30GB free is still taking up 50GB. vSphere is showing the disks as thin-provisioned.
Any ideas?
Update:
This is on an ESXi 5 hypervisor, Single SAN storage
A:
Thanks for the extra data, what I think is that your OS's filesystem has 'grabbed'/allocated all of the blocks that make up the virtual disk rather than just leave it as 'white-space', so the thinning process has only one option which is to assume that it's real data and leave it as it is.
I know you say you only have one SAN but do you mean you only have one SAN-provided LUN/Datastore? if you can then get a second LUN presented to your host/s big enough to hold the VM (maybe a bit more), partition and format it via the VSClient as VMFS and try the Storage vMotion again via the VSClient, ensuring you've chosen 'thin'. There's a chance that this more thorough method may see the filesystem's unused space for what it is and reduce the size accordingly. Let us know how you get on. Oh and I just remembered, this will work if you copy the VM from the SAN LUN/Datastore to any local VMFS-formatted disk/s on the host too, you can always copy it back to the SAN whether it shrinks or not, this may save you the faff of adding the LUN.
|
State & National Content Teaching Standards
West Virginia Professional Teaching Standards (WVPTS)
During the spring of 2009, the West Virginia Department of Education created new teaching standards called West Virginia’s Professional Teaching Standards (WVPTS). Due to this change, the UC education faculty has aligned UC program standards with these new WVPTS. The standards are:
Standard 1 — Curriculum and Planning
Standard 2 — The Learner and the Learning Environment
Standard 3 — Teaching
Standard 4 — Professional Responsibilities for Self-Renewal
Standard 5 — Professional Responsibilities for School and Community
National Education Standards
In addition to the Education Program Outcomes, all coursework is aligned and integrates with national content area standards.
All of the websites below contain information and standards related to different content areas. In addition, these sites provide professional resources. |
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Illinois: Starved Rock State Park
This remarkable pocket of land along the Illinois River includes 18 sandstone canyons; 14 waterfalls; abundant wildlife and birds; Belle of the Rock paddleboat excursions; and guided hikes, special events and interpretive programs. The free guided hikes are a great way to see the highlights of Starved Rock State Park. If you're up for more exploration, also visit neighboring Matthiessen State Park, where 5 miles of trails carve into the mile-long canyon, passing rocks, waterfalls and beautiful, sometimes dizzying, vantage points.
South Dakota: Custer State Park
At 71,000 acres, Custer State Park is one of the nation's largest state parks, known for granite spires called Needles and the 1,500 head of bison that wander freely. You can't go wrong with any of the trails here for fall color, but for a short, 1-mile walk, it's hard to beat the loop around lovely Sylvan Lake. Drive the Needles Highway for spectacular views of the granite formations.
Michigan: Porcupine Mountains State Park
The Porkies (150 miles west of Marquette) embody Michigan's remote Upper Peninsula, with 59,000 wild acres, 90 miles of trails and, if you get away from the campsites, not too many visitors. If you only go once, be sure to stop and drop your jaw at the Lake of the Clouds vistas, ringed in fall by a necklace of color. Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park also claims dozens of waterfalls, including a spectacular series easily accessible along the half-mile boardwalk of the Presque Isle River Scenic Area. Porcupine Mountains State Park
Indiana: Brown County State Park
The peaceful vistas alone warrant a day trip to Indiana's largest state park (60 miles south of Indianapolis), but resort-style extras make Brown County State Park a full-fledged destination. The great on-site stable offers horseback trips and pony rides, and the restaurant-lodge includes a new indoor water park. More than 18 miles of hiking and mountain bike trails spread over the area, winding around hills and beside streams. Fall scenery also unfolds from nearly 20 miles of tree-lined roads.
Minnesota: North Shore state parks
North of Duluth on State-61, the turnoffs for fabulous state parks come one after another, like Burma Shave signs flashing past your window: Gooseberry Falls (pictured), Split Rock Lighthouse, Tettegouche. All told, eight parks sit along the North Shore, loaded with waterfalls, forest trails and achingly beautiful Lake Superior views.
Also in the area, woods dotted with maples flaming red and orange attract visitors to the 277-mile Superior Hiking Trail. Less adventuresome travelers can take a leisurely ride to panoramic views on the mountain tram in Sawtooth Mountain Park or just drive the North Shore Scenic Drive (State-61), which runs 150 miles from Duluth at the southwestern tip of the lake to Grand Portage at the Canadian border.
Iowa: Pikes Peak State Park
Mississippi and Wisconsin river views unfold from trails in Pikes Peak State Park (65 miles northwest of Dubuque). Stand on a 500-foot bluff overlooking the confluence of the rivers, walk past spring-fed streams and waterfalls, or wander through large wooded tracts cloaked in fall colors of red and gold. The park borders the small town of McGregor (population: 876), a onetime steamboat port.
St. Louis: Forest Park
Larger than New York's Central Park and chock-full of activities, this sprawling 1,293 acres attracts locals and visitors. Tour Forest Park by foot, bicycle, boat or even Segway. Free attractions in the park include the Saint Louis Zoo, with lush landscaping perfect for enjoying on a fall day. If you visit during the Great Forest Park Balloon Race in September, rent a pedal boat and watch the balloons drift through a cloudless sky from your floating perch in the Grand Basin.
Indiana: Turkey Run State Park
Indiana's best all-around park (65 miles west of Indianapolis) has a large lodge; hiking trails through deep, wooded ravines; horseback riding; hayrides; and an impressive, year-round lineup of naturalist programming, including walks, history talks and live-animal presentations. For fall color, stretch your legs on any of Turkey Run State Park's 11 trails -- from a half-mile to 3 miles long -- that lead through gorges, past geological landmarks and to historical sites such as the 1848 Colonel Lieber Cabin.
Michigan: Mackinac Island State Park
Mackinac Island State Park surprises visitors with its faraway-woods feel, despite being a few hundred yards from downtown. More than 80 percent of Mackinac Island is within the state park. Hike, bike or ride a horse through forests, past geological formations and along limestone bluffs. One of our favorites: Tranquil Bluff Trail, which traces the eastern shore, where red, brown and golden leaves drift down from a canopy of red oaks, beeches and maples.
Wisconsin: Peninsula State Park
Hiking, biking, boating, fishing, camping, golf, a nature center and the historic Eagle Bluff lighthouse are among the highlights of Peninsula State Park, one of the most popular destinations in Door County. Visit the nature center for fall program information. The Sunset Trail, a 9.6-mile gravel route, is a great introduction to the park; the relatively flat trail begins at the Fish Creek entrance and winds along the western and northern part of the park, through forest, over marsh and rarely far from the waters of Green Bay. The trail is open to bikes, wheelchairs and foot traffic.
Iowa: Ledges State Park
A web of steep trails loops over the sandstone cliffs along Pease Creek at Ledges State Park, 40 miles northwest of Des Moines. Take an easy stroll along Canyon Road, or hike up several trails that wind up the canyon sides, including ones that lead to a rocky overlook of the Des Moines River. The trail around Lost Lake is flatter, but fall colors flutter in the breeze there as well.
Missouri: Hawn State Park
This beautiful state park boasts 4,953 acres of flora and fauna, campsites, picnic areas and pristine hiking trails. The park caters to hikers of all skill levels with several options, including the Overlook Trail with interpretive panels; the more challenging 3.75-mile White Oaks Trail; and the Pickle Trail, short but strewn with boulders. Savor the views of Pickle Creek, a babbling brook with waterfalls and granite boulders.
Nebraska: Ponca State Park
Along the Missouri River bluffs in northeastern Nebraska, Ponca State Park spreads out over almost 2,400 acres of heavily forested hills and Missouri River bottomland. Activities include a rich lineup of outdoor education programs and 20 miles of varied hiking trails. The park's annual Hallowfest in October offers fall fun with haunted hayrack rides, a campsite-decorating contest, pumpkin rolling and carving contests, and more.
Ohio: Edge of Appalachia Preserve
The Edge of Appalachia Preserve could be considered the crown jewel of Adams County's parks. The nearly 17,000 acre sanctuary, run by the Nature Conservancy and the Cincinnati Museum Center, offers three hiking trails, including Buzzardroost Rock, but most of The Edge lies untouched. Roughly 1,200 plant species grow here, many rare or endangered. Like Adams County itself, the preserve feels blessedly undiscovered -- it rewards explorers more than tourists.
Minneapolis: Minnehaha Park
Fall color arrives as early as September along the Mississippi River in the Twin Cities. Popular Minnehaha Park, off the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway, draws visitors with its 53-foot waterfall, river overlooks and shaded trails, all in a tidy 193-acre space. When you're ready to move on, visit some of the other parks and lakes accessible from the 55-mile Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway, the country's only official urban scenic byway.
Illinois: Pere Marquette State Park
Roads and trails weave through this bluff-top park north of Grafton overlooking the Illinois River near its meeting of the Mississippi. The renovated Civilian Conservation Corps-built lodge, with fried chicken dinners and a massive lobby fireplace, is an area fall-drive destination. At 8,050 acres, Pere Marquette is Illinois' largest state park and offers 12 miles of hiking trails, as well as horseback riding and camping. Bird-watching is popular during fall migration season.
Photo Courtesy of NEBRASKAland Magazine/Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
Nebraska: Indian Cave State Park
This 3,000-acre park in southeast Nebraska (80 miles south of Omaha) offers 20 miles of hiking trails through hardwood forests known for their brilliant fall colors. The Missouri River curves through Indian Cave State Park along sandstone bluffs marked with hollows and caves. The rugged area is popular with hikers, campers and backpackers.
Wisconsin: Interstate State Park
Choosing between Minnesota and Wisconsin's Interstate state parks feels a little like asking a mother which child she prefers. A mom can't play favorites, but we can. The parks face off across the St. Croix River. Both offer cool hikes by rocky glacial potholes, but the larger Wisconsin park (50 miles northeast of Saint Paul) also has a large lake, a heron rookery and a wildlife trail. If you want to visit both, the US-8 bridge links the parks.
More ideas for parks with great fall color
Midwest Living's Facebook fans also suggested these destinations:
• Backbone State Park, west of Dubuque, Iowa: "Great overlooks and fall color" (pictured).
• Copper Falls State Park in Mellen, Wisconsin: "Dramatic waterfalls and gorges, so fabulous in fall."
• Newton Hills State Park in Canton, South Dakota: "A beautiful park with lots of oaks. Great color!"
• Jubilee State Park near Brimfield, Illinois.
• The Dawes Arboretum in Newark, Ohio: "Beautiful!"
• Central Park in Carthage, Missouri.
• Hartwick Pines State Park near Grayling, Michigan: "40-plus acres of old-growth forest."
• Castle Rock State Park in Oregon, Illinois: "Beautiful in the fall."
• Nichols Arboretum, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
• Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Munising, Michigan.
• Boulder Junction, Wisconsin: "The whole area is a park. Boulder Junction is surrounded by 225,000 acres of the Northern Highland-American Legion State Forest, and driving any of the surrounding roads bordered with numerous lakes is beyond spectacular any time of the year, but especially in the fall!" |
News Articles
Sleight of hand in Erie environmental petition
A small group of environmental activists made the news last week with a petition against natural gas development in Erie. About 10 people, including the activists and their children, delivered copies of the petition to Encana Corporation's U.S. headquarters in Denver and Gov. John Hickenlooper's office, and made sure TV cameras came along for the ride. The petition included about 21,000 names gathered over the Internet, which sure sounds like a big number. There's just one problem: almost no one who signed the petition actually lives in Erie.
All told, only about 100 Erie residents lent their name to petition, roughly one half of 1 percent of the town's population. In fact, hundreds more online signatures came from outside the country — Germany, Spain, Greece and Australia — than from inside the town. Erie's neighboring communities weren't persuaded, either, because barely 1,000 names came from the rest of Colorado. So where did all those other names come from?
The top three states were California, New York and Massachusetts, which together accounted for almost 9,000 names. Why so many from outside Colorado? Maybe it's because Erie Rising, the group that's trying to scare people in the Front Range suburbs by demonizing the oil and gas industry, called in a Washington-based pressure group called Food & Water Watch to run the campaign.
Erie Rising's leaders have spent lots of time talking to out-of-state activists and donors lately. They've negotiated partnerships with the Environmental Working Group in Washington, Water Defense in New York City, and the San Francisco-based Sierra Club, and endorsements from actor Mark Ruffalo and singer Natalie Merchant.
Good for Erie Rising, you might think. But winning the approval of celebrities and out-of-state activists has come at a price. The remarkably low number of local names on the petition proves Erie Rising has lost credibility where it really counts: in the actual town it claims to represent.
Back in February, the group damaged Erie's reputation as "a great place to live, work and play" by falsely claiming the town has dangerously high air pollution. Erie town officials were then bullied into supporting a temporary moratorium on new oil and gas wells. But they later discovered the air-pollution claims were made "politically and inaccurately," and there was no danger, Erie Mayor Joe Wilson recently told The Daily Camera. Today, Wilson says, Erie's residents are hearing more facts and "we're seeing them becoming more accepting of oil and gas operations."
That's a flat-out rejection of Erie Rising's attacks against the men, women and families of Colorado's oil and gas industry. Erie Rising portrays them as outsiders who don't belong, don't contribute to the local community and, worst of all, don't care about children's health. That's complete nonsense. The first oil well was developed in this state 150 years ago, and Colorado has been a leading energy producer ever since. More than 40,000 Colorado families get their paychecks directly from the oil and gas industry. Those paychecks total more than $3 billion a year, and the industry generates more than $1 billion in revenue for local and state governments, according to the Colorado Oil & Gas Association.
As for children's health, Erie Rising's petition targets a planned Encana well site more than five football fields away from an elementary school. The group has made all kinds of alarmist claims to scare parents and their children, but provided no facts to support them. Here are the facts: Encana's wells were lawfully permitted under one of the nation's toughest oil and gas regulatory regimes. The setback from the school is hundreds of yards wider than required, and 95 percent of well site emissions must be captured. Even so, the company is taking the further step of drilling and completing the well during summer vacation when school's out.
Here's the thing: the men and women who produce Colorado's oil and gas have families, too. They aren't outsiders — they live there, work there and send their kids to school there. Which makes you wonder: How many people who signed Erie Rising's petition do you suppose would even be able to find the town on a map? |
Q:
Select between two dates in European Format
The following query doesn't return any results when I try to select records between February and March.
Here is the query that I'm using :
SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM data WHERE CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),data,105) BETWEEN CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),'" + dateTimePicker1.Text + "',105) AND CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),'"+dateTimePicker3.Text+"',105)", conn);
data is type VARCHAR(50) and i want to convert it to dd-MM-yyyy format
A:
Your SQL should be something like
SELECT * FROM data
WHERE CONVERT(datetime, data, 105) >= CONVERT(datetime, '01-01-2014', 105)
AND CONVERT(datetime, data, 105) <= CONVERT(datetime, '01-31-2014', 105)
|
I’m a man of simple pleasures, I want to fly a space fighter through the centre of an intergalactic battle, chasing an enemy fighter between two warring capital ships, each flinging flak at one another like it were wedding confetti – violent, exploding wedding confetti – and yet these uncomplicated desires are largely unfulfilled by the gaming market. There was a time, back in the 80s and 90s in which such things were possible. There were games like Tie Fighter, Elite, and Freespace, but for some reason publishers got bored.
So, it’s been a joy to spend the last week playing Diaspora: Shattered Armistice. You should download it now. It’s free after all.
Based on the remake of Battlestar Galactica, Diaspora is a mod for the Freespace 2 engine. It’s taken the team four years to prune the technology, pack it up with faithful recreations of the ships from the series, and develop a mission editor that will let the community make more content for the current, slim release.
If you’re a fan of Battlestar, quite simply, they’ve got it just right. They’ve stripped out all that fleshy relationship business and quasi-religious rot, and left the series’ real draw: the mechanically perfect space combat. They’ve captured that sense of awe evoked by vast capital ships battling each other with their heavy guns and nukes, whilst gnat-like Colonial Vipers and Cylon Raiders dart about in between.
And, if you weren’t a fan of Battlestar, throw the series out of your mind, because what you have here is a pedigree shootfest, set in the darkness of space.
The one thing that you ought to know, which carries over from the series, is that the Viper has the nifty ability of being able to flick off its rear thruster and change its orientation with a set of pressure jets that line its fuselage. What this means is that when you have a Raider on your tail, you can tap ‘W’, turn 180 degrees, unload a few rounds into the Toaster’s face, flip back round, re-engage your thrusters and fly on your merry way as your foe breaks up into a ball of flame behind you. It’s a neat little feature which you won’t use much at first but as soon as you get the hang of it you’ll feel like a hero.
That’s what Diaspora does. It makes you feel heroic. You are in a minuscule, single-seater fighter in the vastness of space, and you are outnumbered and outgunned. It means that when you get that final hit on a Baseship, turn about and head for home, hitting the after-burner to get out of the blast radius, you get that satisfaction that the a series depicting these battles could never give you.
It helps that it looks as good as it does. Despite being over 13 years old, the Freespace 2 engine looks fantastic; particularly the skyboxes. Many of the missions are set in the orbit of planets, some are a beautiful Earth-like blend of greens and blues, and others are scarred and pitted grey rocks. Whatever the case, they stand stunning backdrops to skirmishes.
All this praise said, the game has a few flaws. These are mainly when the curtain is thrown back on this show: clipping issues letting you fly through the outer arms of a Baseship, or seeing level elements spawned and stationary on the outer edges of a level waiting for the script to “jump” them in to the action, and, most annoyingly, one level has you try to destroy the subsystems of a Baseship to disable it but nothing I fired at it seemed to do a thing.
It’s main weakness is that there are only six missions and a tutorial. Though, the variety of the missions, and the included editor, will hopefully tide us over until the next campaign is released – and hopefully it will include the Viper Mk II, which is sorely lacking in this release.
It would be silly to focus on the flaws though, because Diaspora is an unforgiving, thrilling space fighter, the like of which we haven’t seen in years. And, in a time where license-infringing mods are being swatted off the internet faster than lawyers can file their invoices, it seems a minor miracle that it was ever released. And another miracle that it’s this good and free.
You can download Diaspora: Shattered Alliance here. |
Q:
What is the effect of "chattr +a" on a directory
The a Linux file attribute is often documented as applicable to files.
chattr(1) manpage:
A file with the 'a' attribute set can only be open in append mode for writing.
ext4 wiki:
0x20 File can only be appended (EXT4_APPEND_FL).
My questions are:
Is chattr +a restricted to files only?
Is it recursive on new subdirectories and files?
A:
The append only flag (chattr +a) prevent from removing the directory, a well as files and directories created directly inside that directory:
Create test directory and files:
# mkdir /tmp/foo
# chattr +a /tmp/foo
That directory can't be deleted:
# rmdir /tmp/foo
rmdir: failed to remove ‘/tmp/foo’: Operation not permitted
Now create files and directory inside it:
# touch /tmp/foo/bar
# mkdir /tmp/foo/baz
Let's inspect that:
# lsattr -d /tmp/foo /tmp/foo/ba*
-----a-------e-- /tmp/foo
-------------e-- /tmp/foo/bar
-------------e-- /tmp/foo/baz
Try to erase stuffs:
# rm /tmp/foo/bar
rm: cannot remove ‘/tmp/foo/bar’: Operation not permitted
# rmdir /tmp/foo/baz
rmdir: failed to remove ‘/tmp/foo/baz’: Operation not permitted
rm -Rf /tmp/foo
rm: cannot remove ‘/tmp/foo/bar’: Operation not permitted
rm: cannot remove ‘/tmp/foo/baz’: Operation not permitted
Finally, sub-sub-directory and files in sub-directories are not protected:
# mkdir /tmp/foo/baz/bat
# touch /tmp/foo/baz/baff
# rm --verbose -Rf /tmp/foo/baz
removed directory: ‘/tmp/foo/baz/bat’
removed ‘/tmp/foo/baz/baff’
rm: cannot remove ‘/tmp/foo/baz’: Operation not permitted
Again, note that only /tmp/foo had the append flag:
# lsattr -d /tmp/foo /tmp/foo/baz
-----a-------e-- /tmp/foo
-------------e-- /tmp/foo/baz
|
/*
* Copyright 2007-2018 Charles du Jeu - Abstrium SAS <team (at) pyd.io>
* This file is part of Pydio.
*
* Pydio is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* Pydio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
* along with Pydio. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
* The latest code can be found at <https://pydio.com>.
*/
import Pydio from 'pydio'
import LangUtils from 'pydio/util/lang'
import PathUtils from 'pydio/util/path'
import Observable from 'pydio/lang/observable'
import Task from './Task'
import Configs from './Configs'
import StatusItem from './StatusItem'
import UploadItem from './UploadItem'
import FolderItem from './FolderItem'
import Session from './Session'
import {debounce} from 'lodash'
import PydioApi from 'pydio/http/api'
import {TreeServiceApi, RestCreateNodesRequest, TreeNode, TreeNodeType} from 'pydio/http/rest-api'
class Store extends Observable{
constructor(){
super();
this._processing = [];
this._sessions = [];
this._blacklist = [".ds_store", ".pydio"];
this._pauseRequired = false;
}
// Required for backward compat
getAutoStart(){
return Configs.getInstance().getAutoStart();
}
static openUploadDialog(confirm = false){
if(confirm){
Pydio.getInstance().getController().fireAction("upload", {confirmDialog: true});
}else{
Pydio.getInstance().getController().fireAction("upload");
}
}
pushSession(session) {
this._sessions.push(session);
session.Task = Task.create(session);
session.observe('update', ()=> {
this.notify('update');
});
session.observe('children', ()=> {
if(session.getChildren().length === 0) {
this.removeSession(session);
}
this.notify('update');
});
this.notify('update');
session.observe('status', (s) => {
if(s === 'ready'){
const autoStart = this.getAutoStart();
if(autoStart && !this._processing.length && !this._pauseRequired) {
this.processNext();
} else if(!autoStart){
Store.openUploadDialog();
}
} else if(s === 'confirm') {
Store.openUploadDialog(true);
}
});
this.notify('session_added', session);
}
removeSession(session){
session.Task.setIdle();
const i = this._sessions.indexOf(session);
this._sessions = LangUtils.arrayWithout(this._sessions, i);
this.notify('update');
}
log(){}
hasQueue(){
let items = 0;
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk(()=>{
items ++;
}, (item)=>{
return item.getStatus() === StatusItem.StatusNew || item.getStatus() === StatusItem.StatusPause || item.getStatus() === StatusItem.StatusMultiPause
}, 'both', ()=>{
return items >= 1
});
});
return items > 0;
}
hasErrors(){
let items = 0;
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk(()=>{
items ++;
}, (item)=>{
return item.getStatus() === 'error'
}, 'both', ()=>{
return items >= 1
});
});
return items > 0;
}
clearAll(){
this.clearStatus('new');
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk((item)=> {
item.getParent().removeChild(item);
});
session.Task.setIdle();
this.removeSession(session);
});
this._pauseRequired = false;
this.notify('update');
}
clearStatus(status){
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk((item)=> {
item.getParent().removeChild(item);
}, (item) => {
return item.getStatus() === status;
}, 'file')
})
}
monitorProcessing(item){
if(!this._processingMonitor){
this._processingMonitor = () => {this.notify('update')}
}
item.observe('status', this._processingMonitor);
this._processing.push(item);
//this.notify('update');
}
unmonitorProcessing(item){
const index = this._processing.indexOf(item);
if(index > -1){
if(this._processingMonitor){
item.stopObserving('status', this._processingMonitor);
}
this._processing = LangUtils.arrayWithout(this._processing, index);
//this.notify('update');
}
}
processNext(){
// Start with folders: this will block until all folders are properly created AND indexed.
const folders = this.getFolders();
if (folders.length && !this._pauseRequired) {
const api = new TreeServiceApi(PydioApi.getRestClient());
const request = new RestCreateNodesRequest();
request.Nodes = [];
folders.forEach(folderItem => {
const node = new TreeNode();
node.Path = folderItem.getFullPath();
node.Type = TreeNodeType.constructFromObject('COLLECTION');
request.Nodes.push(node);
folderItem.setStatus(StatusItem.StatusLoading);
this.monitorProcessing(folderItem);
});
this.notify('update');
api.createNodes(request).then(() => {
folders.forEach(folderItem => {
folderItem.setStatus(StatusItem.StatusLoaded);
folderItem.children.pg[folderItem.getId()] = 100;
folderItem.recomputeProgress();
this.unmonitorProcessing(folderItem);
});
this.processNext();
this.notify("update");
}).catch(e => {
this.processNext();
this.notify("update");
});
return
}
let processables = this.getNexts();
if(processables.length && !this._pauseRequired){
processables.forEach(processable => {
this.monitorProcessing(processable);
processable.process(()=>{
this.unmonitorProcessing(processable);
this.processNext();
this.notify("update");
});
});
this.notify('update')
}else{
if(this.hasErrors()){
Store.openUploadDialog();
}else if(Configs.getInstance().getAutoClose() && !this._pauseRequired){
this.notify("auto_close");
}
this.notify('update')
}
}
getFolders(max = 60){
let folders = [];
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk((item)=>{
folders.push(item);
}, (item)=>{
return item.getStatus() === 'new'
}, 'folder', () => {
return folders.length >= max;
});
});
return folders;
}
getNexts(max = 3){
let folders = [];
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
session.walk((item)=>{
folders.push(item);
}, (item)=>{
return item.getStatus() === 'new'
}, 'folder', ()=>{
return folders.length >= 1;
});
});
if(folders.length){
return [folders.shift()];
}
let items = [];
const processing = this._processing.length;
this._sessions.forEach(session => {
let sessItems = 0;
session.walk((item)=>{
items.push(item);
sessItems ++;
}, (item)=>{
return item.getStatus() === 'new' || item.getStatus() === 'pause'
}, 'file', ()=>{
return items.length >= max - processing;
});
if(sessItems === 0){
session.Task.setIdle();
}
});
return items;
}
stopOrRemoveItem(item){
item.abort();
this.unmonitorProcessing(item);
this.notify("update");
}
getSessions(){
return this._sessions;
}
isRunning(){
return this._processing.filter(u => u.getStatus() === StatusItem.StatusLoading).length > 0;
}
pause(){
this._pauseRequired = true;
this._processing.forEach(u => u.pause());
this.notify('update');
}
resume(){
this._pauseRequired = false;
this._sessions.forEach(s => s.setStatus('ready'));
this._processing.forEach(u => u.resume());
this.notify('update');
this.processNext();
}
static getInstance(){
if(!Store.__INSTANCE){
Store.__INSTANCE = new Store();
}
return Store.__INSTANCE;
}
handleFolderPickerResult(files, targetNode){
const overwriteStatus = Configs.getInstance().getOption("DEFAULT_EXISTING", "upload_existing");
const session = new Session(Pydio.getInstance().user.activeRepository, targetNode);
this.pushSession(session);
let mPaths = {};
for (let i=0; i<files.length; i++) {
const file = files[i];
let mPath = '/' + PathUtils.getBasename(file.name);
if (files[i]['webkitRelativePath']) {
mPath = '/' + files[i]['webkitRelativePath'];
const folderPath = PathUtils.getDirname(mPath);
// Make sure the first level is registered
if(folderPath !== '/'){
mPaths[PathUtils.getDirname(folderPath)] = 'FOLDER';
}
mPaths[folderPath] = 'FOLDER';
}
mPaths[mPath] = file;
}
const tree = session.treeViewFromMaterialPath(mPaths);
const recurse = (children, parentItem)=>{
children.forEach(child => {
if(child.item === 'FOLDER'){
const f = new FolderItem(child.path, targetNode, parentItem);
recurse(child.children, f);
} else {
if(this._blacklist.indexOf(PathUtils.getBasename(child.path).toLowerCase()) === -1){
const u = new UploadItem(child.item, targetNode, child.path, parentItem);
}
}
});
};
recurse(tree, session);
session.prepare(overwriteStatus).catch((e) => {
// DO SOMETHING?
}) ;
}
handleDropEventResults(items, files, targetNode, accumulator = null, filterFunction = null, targetRepositoryId = null){
const overwriteStatus = Configs.getInstance().getOption("DEFAULT_EXISTING", "upload_existing");
const session = new Session(targetRepositoryId || Pydio.getInstance().user.activeRepository, targetNode);
this.pushSession(session);
const filter = (refPath) => {
if(filterFunction && !filterFunction(refPath)){
return false;
}
return this._blacklist.indexOf(PathUtils.getBasename(refPath).toLowerCase()) === -1;
};
const enqueue = (item, isFolder=false) => {
if(filterFunction && !filterFunction(item)){
return;
}
if(accumulator){
accumulator.push(item)
} else if (isFolder) {
session.pushFolder(item);
} else {
session.pushFile(item);
}
};
if (items && items.length && (items[0].getAsEntry || items[0].webkitGetAsEntry)) {
let error = (global.console ? global.console.log : function(err){global.alert(err); }) ;
let length = items.length;
const promises = [];
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
let entry;
if(items[i].kind && items[i].kind !== 'file') {
continue;
}
if(items[0].getAsEntry){
entry = items[i].getAsEntry();
}else{
entry = items[i].webkitGetAsEntry();
}
if (entry.isFile) {
promises.push(new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
entry.file(function(File) {
let u;
if(File.size > 0 && filter(File.name)) {
u = new UploadItem(File, targetNode, null, session);
}
resolve(u);
}, () => { reject(); error();} );
}));
} else if (entry.isDirectory) {
entry.folderItem = new FolderItem(entry.fullPath, targetNode, session);
//enqueue(f, true);
promises.push(this.recurseDirectory(entry, (fileEntry) => {
const relativePath = fileEntry.fullPath;
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fileEntry.file((File) => {
let uItem;
if(File.size > 0 && filter(File.name)) {
uItem = new UploadItem(File, targetNode, relativePath, fileEntry.parentItem);
}
resolve(uItem);
}, e => {reject(e); error();});
});
}, function(folderEntry){
if(filter(folderEntry.fullPath)){
folderEntry.folderItem = new FolderItem(folderEntry.fullPath, targetNode, folderEntry.parentItem);
}
return Promise.resolve(folderEntry.folderItem);
}, error));
}
}
Promise.all(promises).then(() => {
return session.prepare(overwriteStatus).then(()=>{
this.notify('update')
});
}).catch((e) => {
this.notify('update')
}) ;
}else{
for(let j=0;j<files.length;j++){
if(files[j].size === 0){
alert(Pydio.getInstance().MessageHash['html_uploader.no-folders-support']);
return;
}
if(!filter(files[j].name)){
return;
}
new UploadItem(files[j], targetNode, null, session);
}
session.prepare(overwriteStatus).then(()=>{
this.notify('update')
}).catch((e) => {
this.notify('update')
}) ;
}
}
recurseDirectory(item, promiseFile, promiseFolder, errorHandler) {
return new Promise(resolve => {
this.dirEntries(item).then((entries) => {
const promises = [];
entries.forEach(entry => {
if(entry.parent && entry.parent.folderItem){
entry.parentItem = entry.parent.folderItem;
}
if(entry.isDirectory){
promises.push(promiseFolder(entry));
} else {
promises.push(promiseFile(entry));
}
});
Promise.all(promises).then(() => {
resolve();
});
});
});
}
dirEntries(item){
const reader = item.createReader();
let entries = [];
const toArray = function(list){
return Array.prototype.slice.call(list || [], 0);
};
return new Promise((resolve,reject) => {
const next = () => {
reader.readEntries(results => {
if(results.length){
entries = entries.concat(toArray(results));
next();
} else {
let promises = [];
entries.forEach(entry => {
entry.parent = item;
if(entry.isDirectory){
promises.push(this.dirEntries(entry).then(children => {
entries = entries.concat(children);
}));
}
});
if(promises.length){
Promise.all(promises).then(()=> {
resolve(entries);
})
} else {
resolve(entries);
}
}
}, (e) => {
reject(e);
})
};
next();
});
}
}
export {Store as default} |
use crate::{
action::{Action, ActionWrapper},
context::Context,
dht::pending_validations::PendingValidation,
instance::dispatch_action,
};
use futures::{future::Future, task::Poll};
use snowflake::ProcessUniqueId;
use std::{
pin::Pin,
sync::Arc,
time::{Duration, SystemTime},
};
#[holochain_tracing_macros::newrelic_autotrace(HOLOCHAIN_CORE)]
pub fn dispatch_queue_holding_workflow(
pending: PendingValidation,
delay: Option<Duration>,
context: Arc<Context>,
) {
let delay_with_now = delay.map(|d| (SystemTime::now(), d));
let action_wrapper =
ActionWrapper::new(Action::QueueHoldingWorkflow((pending, delay_with_now)));
dispatch_action(context.action_channel(), action_wrapper);
}
/*
#[holochain_tracing_macros::newrelic_autotrace(HOLOCHAIN_CORE)]
pub async fn queue_holding_workflow(
pending: PendingValidation,
delay: Option<Duration>,
context: Arc<Context>,
) {
if !context
.state()
.expect("Can't queue holding workflow without state")
.dht()
.has_exact_queued_holding_workflow(&pending)
{
log_trace!(context, "Queueing holding workflow: {:?}", pending);
dispatch_queue_holding_workflow(pending.clone(), delay, context.clone());
let id = ProcessUniqueId::new();
QueueHoldingWorkflowFuture {
context,
pending,
id,
}
.await
} else {
log_trace!(
context,
"Not queueing holding workflow since it is queued already: {:?}",
pending
);
}
}*/
pub struct QueueHoldingWorkflowFuture {
context: Arc<Context>,
pending: PendingValidation,
id: ProcessUniqueId,
}
#[holochain_tracing_macros::newrelic_autotrace(HOLOCHAIN_CORE)]
impl Future for QueueHoldingWorkflowFuture {
type Output = ();
fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut std::task::Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
self.context
.register_waker(self.id.clone(), cx.waker().clone());
if let Some(state) = self.context.try_state() {
if state.dht().has_exact_queued_holding_workflow(&self.pending) {
self.context.unregister_waker(self.id.clone());
Poll::Ready(())
} else {
Poll::Pending
}
} else {
Poll::Pending
}
}
}
|
Over the past year, the relationship between Microsoft and HTC seems to have cooled off a bit. HTC seems to be focused more on Android, but late last night, Microsoft and HTC announced a new agreement between the two companies. Microsoft and HTC have signed an agreement which gives HTC access to Microsoft’s patent portfolio, but it may not be what you are expecting. The agreement covers HTC handsets which run on Google’s Android OS and have nothing to do with Windows Mobile or Windows Phone 7.
“HTC and Microsoft have a long history of technical and commercial collaboration, and today’s agreement is an example of how industry leaders can reach commercial arrangements that address intellectual property. We are pleased to continue our collaboration with HTC.”
Microsoft has been licensing out its patents and IP for the past seven years and has made it a point to collaborate with other companies that may be infringing on their proprietary technology. Microsoft has a long history of patent claims over Linux and has a few licensing agreements already in place for the OS. We’re not entirely sure what claims Microsoft thinks they have on Android, but it’s good to see a licensing agreement between them and HTC rather than a lawsuit. I find it a little humorous that HTC is paying Microsoft to use Google’s FREE Android OS.
Source: Microsoft via Engadget |
Q:
Extracting some part of a satellite image using mask?
I'm trying to extract some part of a satellite Landsat-8 image. using another image.
I have the following satellite image:
and I want to keep only the areas from the satellite image which are highlighted as green in the other image in below.
(white and green image is the crop data layer for the same location as my satellite image):
Basically saying I want to keep the corresponding green areas in my original satellite image and delete the corresponding white areas from the original satellite image which is shown at top.
How can I do that?
A:
The tool you're looking for is called 'Extract by Mask' in ArcMap, but other packages have equivalents
use Raster Calculator and enter this command:
Con("raster" == green_value, 1)
if you want to keep the original value:
Con("raster" == green_value, "raster")
you can replace == with other conditionals (e.g., >, <, >=, <=, !=)
**Replace green_value with the value that represents green, then use extract by mask with the new raster. Replace "raster" with the name of your raster layer -- keep the quotes.
|
Q:
Parsing a complex number
I am trying to take a complex number input from the user in a form of a char or string like:
88.90-55.16i or -3.67+5i
and then convert it to float keeping the same format as above. Not (x,y).
char user[100];
vector < float > V;
for (int y = 0; y < 5; y++)
{
cout << "Enter a complex number:" << endl;
cin >> user;
float newfloat = atof(user);
cout << newfloat << endl;
}
Currently its not converting the whole number. Just 88 or -3 from above input examples.
A:
You would need to store the real and imaginary components of the complex number in separate float variables, which may or may not be grouped using a struct/class or std::pair<>. Input should be something like this:
std::cout << "Enter a complex number:\n";
float real, imaginary;
char i;
if (std::cin >> real >> imaginary >> i && i == 'i')
{
...do something with real & imaginary...
}
else
{
std::cerr << "unable to parse input as a complex number\n";
exit(1);
}
(FWIW, this is very obviously related to this earlier question - either the same person using a new username, or someone doing the same assignment. I provide an example program using std::complex<> in my answer there.)
|
Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm
Technical information: (202) 606-6378 USDL 98-387
For release: IMMEDIATE
Media contact: 606-5902 Wednesday, September 23, 1998
EMPL0YEE TENURE IN 1998
The median number of years that wage and salary workers had been with
their current employer (referred to as employee tenure) was 3.6 years in
February 1998, edging down from 3.8 years in February 1996, the Bureau of
Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported. Among men,
median employee tenure decreased for most age groups, as it did in 1996.
Among women, overall tenure changed little from 1996 to 1998.
Information on tenure has been obtained periodically since the early
1950s from supplemental questions in the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
monthly survey of about 50,000 households that provides information on
employment, unemployment, earnings, demographics, and other characteristics
of the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over. The questions
on tenure that were asked prior to 1983 differ from those asked in more
recent surveys. As a result, this release focuses only on data from 1983
to 1998. (See the Technical Note.) Some highlights from the February 1998
survey follow:
--The proportion of men who had worked for their current employer for
10 years or more fell over the 1983-to-1998 period, while the proportion of
women rose.
--The median years of tenure for older workers ages 45 to 54 was more
than double that for workers ages 25 to 34.
--About a quarter of all workers age 16 and over had been with their
current employer for 12 months or less.
--Workers in government had the highest median tenure of the major
industries.
--Managers and professionals had the highest median tenure among the
major occupational groups, while workers in service occupations had the
lowest median tenure.
Demographic characteristics
Among men, median tenure (the point at which half the workers had more
tenure and half had less) was 3.8 years in February 1998, down slightly
from 4.0-4.1 years in the four prior surveys. (See table 1.) This decline
occurred despite an upward shift in the age of the workforce. In 1998, men
ages 25 to 34 comprised 26 percent of the male workforce, down from 30
percent in 1983. From 1983 to 1998, the proportion made up by men ages 35
to 44 rose from 21 to 28 percent, and the share of men ages 45 to 54 rose
from 16 to 20 percent. All other things being equal, this age shift would
have been associated with an increase in median tenure. However, the
median tenure decline from 1983 to 1998 for men in every age group offset
the aging effect.
- 2 -
The median tenure for women in February 1998 was 3.4 years, little
changed from February 1996, but up from 3.1 years in January 1983. The
increase was due, in part, to rising median tenure among women ages 35
to 54. In addition, the age distribution of working women also has shifted
upward since 1983, contributing to the increase in tenure.
The proportion of men age 25 and over who had worked for their current
employer for 10 years or more fell by 5 percentage points over the 1983-to-
1998 period, to 32.7 percent. (See table 2.) (Workers ages 16 to 24 are
excluded from table 2 because few of these young workers could have been
with their current employer for 10 years or more.) Declines occurred in
every age group over the 1983-98 period. For men ages 40 to 64, the
proportion who had worked for their employer at least 10 years fell by
about 10 percentage points, in each 5-year age group. The percent of women
age 25 and over with 10 years or more of tenure with their current employer
was 28.4 in February 1998, up by 3.5 percentage points from January 1983.
The trend toward rising proportions of women with long tenure occurred
mainly among 35- to 54-year-olds.
A much larger proportion of whites and blacks than of Hispanics have
10 or more years of tenure with their current employer. (See table 3.) In
February 1998, 17 percent of Hispanics (age 16 and over) had been with
their current employer for 10 or more years, compared with 26 percent for
blacks and whites. This is, in large part, due to the relative youth of
the Hispanic population. For example, 57 percent of black and 59 percent
of white employed wage and salary workers were age 35 and over in February
1998; only 48 percent of Hispanics were in this age range. Even within
particular age groups, however, Hispanic men and women generally are less
likely than their white or black counterparts to have worked for their
current employer for 10 years or longer.
In February 1998, a little more than a quarter of workers age 16 and
over had been with their current employer for 12 months or less. This
group includes new entrants and reentrants to the work force, job losers
who found new jobs during the previous year, and workers who had
voluntarily changed employers during the previous year. Young workers are
very likely to have short tenure: Seventy-eight percent of 16- to 19-year-
olds and 54 percent of 20- to 24-year-olds had tenure of 12 months or less
with their current employer in February 1998. Conversely, for workers ages
55 to 64, that share was only 12 percent, while 29 percent had worked for
their current employer for 20 years or more.
Within most age groups, men and women who do not have a high school
diploma have lower median tenure than those with more education. (See
table 4.) A clear relationship between tenure and educational attainment
does not exist for workers who have a high school diploma or higher level
of education.
Industry
In February 1998, workers in government had the highest median tenure
(7.3 years) of the major industries. (See table 5.) Government workers
also tend to be older, on average, than are workers in the private sector.
For example, 72 percent of government workers are age 35 and over, compared
with 57 percent of those in the private sector. Median tenure in
government has trended upward since 1983, as has the percentage of
government workers with 10 or more years of tenure. This corresponds with
an increase in the proportion of government workers age 35 and over since
1983.
In the private sector, workers in the mining industry had the highest
median tenure, 5.6 years, in February 1998. Sixty-nine percent of the
- 3 -
workers in this industry are age 35 or over. Retail trade, which tends to
employ a large number of young people, had the lowest median tenure at 1.8
years; only 45 percent of workers in retail trade are 35 years of age or
older.
In manufacturing, median tenure was 4.9 years in February 1998,
falling slightly from 5.4 years in February 1996 after remaining fairly
steady since January 1983. Within manufacturing, one of the largest
declines in tenure occurred in motor vehicles and equipment. Since 1983,
median tenure in that industry has decreased from 13.0 to 6.4 years.
Aircraft and parts had the highest median tenure (9.6 years) in February
1998. Median tenure in this industry had risen substantially between 1991
and 1996, when employment levels in the industry were generally declining.
Occupation
Managers and professionals had the highest median tenure (4.8 years)
among the major occupational groups. (See table 6.) Within this group,
officials and administrators in public administration had median tenure of
12.1 years, almost 4 years higher than in January 1983.
Workers in service occupations had the lowest median tenure among the
major occupational groups, 2.4 years in February 1998. Within this
occupational group, protective service workers had the highest median
tenure, 5.4 years, while food service workers had the lowest median tenure,
1.3 years. Greater proportions of service workers are under age 35 than
are workers in managerial and professional specialty occupations (51 and 31
percent, respectively).
Technical Note
The data presented in this release were collected through a supplement
to the February 1998 Current Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of
about 50,000 households that provides information on employment,
unemployment, earnings, demographics, and other characteristics of the
nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over. The CPS is
conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The February 1998 CPS supplement obtained information on worker
displacement and on workers' tenure with their current employer. The data on
worker displacement appear in the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) news re-
lease USDL 98-347, "Worker Displacement, 1995-97," issued on August 19, 1998.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT; TDD phone:
202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and
nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the
"true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending upon the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is
about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based
on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true"
population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling
error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment
of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in
the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct
information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and
information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error" section of the February 1994 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Earnings.
Tenure questions and concepts
In the February 1998 CPS supplement, questions on tenure were asked of
all employed persons. The first question was: "How long have/has you/name
been working continuously for (fill in name of present employer)?"
_____ Days
_____ Weeks
_____ Months
_____ Years
For responses of "1 year" or "2 years," a follow-up question asked: "Could
you please give the exact number of months?"
The purpose of the follow-up question was to obtain more precise
information on workers who had been with their current employer a
relatively short time. This follow-up question was included for the first
time in the February 1996 CPS supplement on worker displacement and tenure.
CPS supplements that obtained information on tenure in January of 1983,
1987, and 1991 did not include the follow-up question. In those surveys,
responses of 1 year or more could be coded only as the nearest full year,
and responses of less than a year were coded as the nearest full month.
Prior to January 1983, CPS supplements on tenure asked wage and salary
workers, "When did ... start working at your/his/her present job?" Self-
employed workers were asked, "When did ... start working at your/his/her
present business?" For wage and salary workers, the meaning of the term
"job" is ambiguous. For example, a worker who had been employed at a
particular company for 10 years and had been promoted to a managerial
position 1 year prior to the survey may have been counted as having 10
years or 1 year of tenure, depending on whether the respondent interpreted
the question to mean tenure with the current employer or tenure in the
managerial position. To rectify this ambiguity, the wording of the
question was changed in January 1983 to specify the length of time a worker
had been with his or her current employer. The change resulted in a break
in historical comparability, and for this reason, estimates of tenure are
not presented in this release for years prior to 1983.
Interpreting tenure data
Data on tenure have been used as a gauge of employment security, with
some observers regarding increases in tenure as a sign of improving
security and decreasing tenure as a sign of deteriorating security.
However, there are limitations to using the data in this way. For example,
during recessions or other periods of declining job security, median tenure
and the proportion of workers with long tenure could rise because less-
senior workers are more likely to lose their jobs than are workers with
longer tenure. During periods of economic growth, median tenure and the
proportion of workers with long tenure could fall because more job
opportunities are available for new entrants to the workforce and
experienced workers have more opportunities to change employers and take
better jobs. Tenure also could rise under improving economic conditions,
however, as fewer layoffs occur and good job matches develop between
workers and employers.
Table 1. Median years of tenure with current employer for employed wage and salary workers by age
and sex, selected years, 1983-98
Age and sex January January January February February
1983 1987 1991 1996 1998
TOTAL
16 years and over...................... 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.6
16 to 17 years............................... .7 .6 .7 .7 .6
18 to 19 years............................... .8 .7 .8 .7 .7
20 to 24 years............................... 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1
25 years and over............................ 5.0 5.0 4.8 5.0 4.7
25 to 34 years............................. 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7
35 to 44 years............................. 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.0
45 to 54 years............................. 9.5 8.8 8.9 8.3 8.1
55 to 64 years............................. 12.2 11.6 11.1 10.2 10.1
65 years and over.......................... 9.6 9.5 8.1 8.4 7.8
Men
16 years and over...................... 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.8
16 to 17 years............................... .7 .6 .7 .6 .6
18 to 19 years............................... .8 .7 .8 .7 .7
20 to 24 years............................... 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2
25 years and over............................ 5.9 5.7 5.4 5.3 4.9
25 to 34 years............................. 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.8
35 to 44 years............................. 7.3 7.0 6.5 6.1 5.5
45 to 54 years............................. 12.8 11.8 11.2 10.1 9.4
55 to 64 years............................. 15.3 14.5 13.4 10.5 11.2
65 years and over.......................... 8.3 8.3 7.0 8.3 7.1
Women
16 years and over...................... 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.4
16 to 17 years............................... .7 .6 .7 .7 .7
18 to 19 years............................... .8 .7 .8 .7 .7
20 to 24 years............................... 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1
25 years and over............................ 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.7 4.4
25 to 34 years............................. 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.5
35 to 44 years............................. 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.5
45 to 54 years............................. 6.3 6.8 6.7 7.0 7.2
55 to 64 years............................. 9.8 9.7 9.9 10.0 9.6
65 years and over.......................... 10.1 9.9 9.5 8.4 8.7
NOTE: Data for 1996 and 1998 are not strictly comparable with data for 1991 and earlier years
because population controls from the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated undercount, are used
beginning in 1996. Figures for the 1983-91 period are based on population controls from the 1980
census. Also, beginning in 1996, the figures incorporate the effects of the redesign of the Current
Population Survey introduced in January 1994. Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated
self-employed.
Table 2. Percent of employed wage and salary workers 25 years and over who had 10 years or more of
tenure with their current employer by age and sex, selected years, 1983-98
Age and sex January January January February February
1983 1987 1991 1996 1998
TOTAL
25 years and over..................... 31.9 30.7 32.2 30.5 30.7
25 to 29 years............................... 3.3 4.1 5.1 2.8 2.7
30 to 34 years............................... 16.9 16.9 19.3 14.7 14.7
35 to 39 years............................... 29.9 29.6 31.1 26.9 27.0
40 to 44 years............................... 38.1 38.7 39.3 36.1 35.6
45 to 49 years............................... 46.5 45.2 46.5 44.5 42.9
50 to 54 years............................... 53.5 51.8 51.4 50.4 48.8
55 to 59 years............................... 59.3 57.6 56.7 54.0 52.9
60 to 64 years............................... 59.8 55.9 55.4 51.5 54.4
65 years and over............................ 50.9 50.1 46.3 47.4 45.0
Men
25 years and over..................... 37.7 35.0 35.9 33.1 32.7
25 to 29 years............................... 4.0 4.5 5.7 3.3 3.1
30 to 34 years............................... 18.7 18.7 21.1 15.6 15.3
35 to 39 years............................... 36.9 34.8 35.6 30.5 29.7
40 to 44 years............................... 51.1 48.5 46.3 41.7 39.1
45 to 49 years............................... 57.8 53.0 53.5 50.8 47.4
50 to 54 years............................... 62.3 59.4 58.5 54.9 52.8
55 to 59 years............................... 66.2 63.2 61.0 55.7 56.5
60 to 64 years............................... 65.6 58.7 57.5 50.4 55.7
65 years and over............................ 47.6 47.4 42.6 47.6 42.3
Women
25 years and over..................... 24.9 25.7 28.2 27.6 28.4
25 to 29 years............................... 2.5 3.6 4.4 2.2 2.2
30 to 34 years............................... 14.8 14.7 17.3 13.6 14.0
35 to 39 years............................... 21.6 23.8 26.1 22.9 24.0
40 to 44 years............................... 23.4 27.9 32.0 30.4 31.8
45 to 49 years............................... 33.0 36.4 39.3 38.1 38.4
50 to 54 years............................... 42.5 43.0 43.4 45.8 44.6
55 to 59 years............................... 51.0 50.8 51.4 52.1 49.2
60 to 64 years............................... 52.6 52.4 53.1 52.7 53.0
65 years and over............................ 54.5 53.1 49.9 47.2 47.7
NOTE: Data for 1996 and 1998 are not strictly comparable with data for 1991 and earlier years
because population controls from the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated undercount, are used
beginning in 1996. Figures for the 1983-91 period are based on population controls from the 1980
census. Also, beginning in 1996, the figures incorporate the effects of the redesign of the Current
Population Survey introduced in January 1994. Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated
self-employed.
Table 3. Distribution of employed wage and salary workers by tenure with current employer, age, sex, race, and
Hispanic origin, February 1998
Percent distribution by tenure with current employer
Number
Age, sex, race, and employed
Hispanic origin (in thousands) 12 13 to 3 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 15 to 20
Total months 23 2 years years years 14 19 years
or less months years years or more
TOTAL
16 years and over. 115,892 100.0 27.8 7.9 4.9 15.8 17.9 10.7 6.1 9.0
16 to 19 years........... 6,461 100.0 77.9 10.2 6.1 5.5 .3 - - -
20 years and over........ 109,431 100.0 24.8 7.7 4.8 16.4 18.9 11.3 6.5 9.5
20 to 24 years........... 11,967 100.0 53.5 13.1 9.1 18.4 5.9 (1) - -
25 to 34 years........... 29,291 100.0 31.3 10.4 6.0 21.9 21.5 8.0 .9 -
35 to 44 years........... 31,684 100.0 20.5 6.7 4.0 15.6 22.0 15.9 9.7 5.6
45 to 54 years........... 23,482 100.0 14.7 5.2 3.4 12.5 18.7 13.6 10.2 21.7
55 to 64 years........... 10,377 100.0 11.6 4.0 2.6 11.0 17.3 14.2 10.4 28.9
65 years and over........ 2,631 100.0 16.1 3.5 3.6 13.1 18.6 13.9 9.5 21.7
Men
16 years and over. 60,113 100.0 26.9 7.5 4.7 15.9 17.4 10.5 6.2 10.9
16 to 19 years........... 3,143 100.0 78.3 10.4 5.0 5.9 .4 - - -
20 years and over........ 56,970 100.0 24.1 7.3 4.7 16.4 18.3 11.1 6.6 11.5
20 to 24 years........... 6,270 100.0 52.1 12.1 10.3 19.4 6.0 (1) - -
25 to 34 years........... 15,637 100.0 30.6 9.6 5.7 22.6 22.2 8.4 1.0 -
35 to 44 years........... 16,568 100.0 19.2 6.5 3.5 14.7 21.8 16.7 10.8 6.8
45 to 54 years........... 11,866 100.0 14.3 4.6 3.1 12.2 16.2 11.5 10.7 27.5
55 to 64 years........... 5,333 100.0 11.3 3.9 2.6 10.1 15.9 12.2 8.3 35.8
65 years and over........ 1,297 100.0 16.5 4.9 4.3 14.2 17.7 15.1 6.3 20.9
Women
16 years and over. 55,779 100.0 28.7 8.3 5.1 15.8 18.3 10.9 6.0 6.9
16 to 19 years........... 3,318 100.0 77.4 10.0 7.2 5.2 .2 - - -
20 years and over........ 52,461 100.0 25.6 8.2 5.0 16.4 19.5 11.6 6.3 7.4
20 to 24 years........... 5,697 100.0 55.0 14.2 7.7 17.3 5.7 (1) - -
25 to 34 years........... 13,654 100.0 32.2 11.3 6.4 21.2 20.8 7.4 .7 -
35 to 44 years........... 15,116 100.0 21.9 6.8 4.5 16.6 22.3 15.0 8.6 4.2
45 to 54 years........... 11,616 100.0 15.2 5.8 3.8 12.8 21.3 15.7 9.7 15.8
55 to 64 years........... 5,044 100.0 11.9 4.2 2.6 11.9 18.9 16.3 12.6 21.6
65 years and over........ 1,334 100.0 15.7 2.1 3.0 12.0 19.6 12.6 12.6 22.4
White
16 years and over.... 97,341 100.0 27.5 8.0 4.8 15.7 18.0 10.8 6.2 9.2
Men...................... 51,234 100.0 26.6 7.5 4.6 15.7 17.3 10.7 6.4 11.2
Women.................... 46,108 100.0 28.4 8.6 5.0 15.6 18.7 11.0 5.9 6.9
Black
16 years and over.... 13,298 100.0 29.1 6.3 5.4 16.6 16.8 10.0 6.4 9.4
Men...................... 6,123 100.0 28.7 6.1 5.2 16.5 17.3 9.2 6.0 11.1
Women.................... 7,175 100.0 29.5 6.5 5.6 16.6 16.3 10.7 6.7 8.0
Hispanic origin
16 years and over.... 12,695 100.0 31.4 8.4 6.5 19.6 17.4 8.6 3.6 4.4
Men...................... 7,468 100.0 30.7 7.9 6.1 19.9 18.1 8.1 4.0 5.2
Women.................... 5,227 100.0 32.5 9.1 7.0 19.0 16.5 9.3 3.2 3.3
1 Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
"other races" groups are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated
self-employed. Dash represents zero.
Table 4. Median years of tenure with current employer for employed wage and salary workers 25 years
and over by educational attainment, sex, and age, February 1998
25 years and over
Educational attainment and sex
Total 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years
years years years years and over
Total.......................... 4.7 2.7 5.0 8.1 10.1 7.8
Less than a high school diploma.... 4.0 2.2 3.3 5.6 9.2 7.7
High school graduates, no college.. 4.9 2.9 5.1 7.7 10.1 7.7
Some college, no degree............ 4.6 2.6 5.2 8.7 9.9 7.4
Associate degree................... 4.6 2.8 5.2 7.5 9.8 9.0
College graduates.................. 4.8 2.6 5.4 9.2 11.8 8.5
Bachelor's degree................ 4.4 2.6 5.3 8.8 9.9 9.3
Master's degree.................. 6.0 2.7 5.5 10.2 14.5 8.4
Doctoral or professional degree.. 5.3 2.1 5.5 8.0 14.8 6.0
Men............................ 4.9 2.8 5.5 9.4 11.2 7.1
Less than a high school diploma.... 4.2 2.3 3.7 6.4 10.1 6.8
High school graduates, no college.. 5.2 3.2 6.2 9.6 10.9 7.2
Some college, no degree............ 5.0 2.9 6.1 10.0 11.0 6.3
Associate degree................... 4.8 2.8 5.5 9.1 9.5 16.7
College graduates.................. 4.9 2.7 5.4 9.7 14.2 7.3
Bachelor's degree................ 4.6 2.7 5.5 9.8 10.4 7.7
Master's degree.................. 5.6 2.7 5.2 10.0 17.0 6.8
Doctoral or professional degree.. 5.7 2.1 5.8 8.4 18.1 8.1
Women.......................... 4.4 2.5 4.5 7.2 9.6 8.7
Less than a high school diploma.... 3.8 2.0 2.9 4.7 8.0 8.5
High school graduates, no college.. 4.6 2.5 4.3 6.4 9.7 8.3
Some college, no degree............ 4.2 2.4 4.6 7.7 8.5 8.7
Associate degree................... 4.4 2.9 4.9 6.7 10.1 5.4
College graduates.................. 4.6 2.5 5.3 8.7 10.1 10.0
Bachelor's degree................ 4.2 2.6 5.2 7.9 9.5 10.5
Master's degree.................. 6.2 2.6 5.9 10.5 12.6 11.7
Doctoral or professional degree.. 4.6 2.1 5.0 7.3 10.6 4.6
NOTE: Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated self-employed.
Table 5. Median years of tenure with current employer for employed wage and salary workers by
industry, selected years, 1983-98
Industry January January January February February
1983 1987 1991 1996 1998
Total, 16 years and over.............................. 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.6
Agriculture.............................................. 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.4 2.9
Nonagricultural industries............................... 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.6
Government............................................. 5.8 6.5 6.5 6.9 7.3
Private industries..................................... 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.2
Mining............................................... 3.4 6.1 5.8 6.1 5.6
Construction......................................... 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.9 2.7
Manufacturing........................................ 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.4 4.9
Durable goods(1)................................... 5.6 6.0 5.8 5.3 4.9
Lumber and wood products......................... 4.0 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.8
Furniture and fixtures........................... 4.2 3.2 4.0 4.2 3.9
Stone, clay, and glass products.................. 7.0 6.8 6.3 5.1 6.1
Primary metal industries......................... 10.0 10.2 9.7 8.1 8.0
Fabricated metal products........................ 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.1 4.0
Machinery and computing equipment................ 5.8 6.7 5.9 5.2 4.4
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.... 4.7 4.8 5.5 4.9 5.0
Transportation equipment(1)...................... 8.8 8.0 7.6 8.3 7.8
Motor vehicles and equipment................... 13.0 11.2 11.7 7.8 6.4
Aircraft and parts............................. 6.4 6.8 6.3 9.8 9.6
Professional and photographic equipment and
watches............................................... 4.7 5.9 5.1 5.1 5.5
Toys, amusements, and sporting goods............. 3.6 5.8 3.2 2.7 3.6
Nondurable goods(1)................................ 5.1 4.9 4.7 5.4 4.9
Food and kindred products........................ 5.2 4.4 4.2 5.1 5.1
Textile mill products............................ 7.0 7.0 5.6 5.4 6.7
Apparel and other finished textile products...... 3.8 3.2 3.8 3.8 3.8
Paper and allied products........................ 7.6 8.6 7.6 8.4 7.5
Printing and publishing.......................... 3.2 3.2 3.5 4.3 4.0
Chemicals and allied products.................... 7.0 7.2 5.7 6.9 5.4
Petroleum and coal products...................... 6.0 11.7 8.4 10.3 9.4
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products....... 5.4 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.6
Transportation and public utilities.................. 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.2 4.8
Transportation..................................... 4.6 3.9 4.2 4.1 3.8
Communications and other public utilities.......... 8.3 8.4 9.9 8.2 8.2
Wholesale trade...................................... 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.9 4.1
Retail trade......................................... 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 3.2 3.0 3.4 4.1 3.5
Banking and other finance.......................... 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 3.7
Insurance and real estate.......................... 3.0 2.9 3.2 4.2 3.4
Services(1).......................................... 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.9
Private households................................. 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.3
Services, except private households................ 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.9
Business services................................ 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.9
Automobile and repair services................... 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.9 2.4
Personal services, except private households..... 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.3
Entertainment and recreation services............ 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.9 1.9
Hospitals........................................ 3.5 4.6 4.2 5.2 5.2
Health services, except hospitals................ 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.9
Educational services............................. 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.8 3.5
Social services.................................. 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.7
Other professional services...................... 2.9 2.8 3.3 3.5 3.3
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1996 and 1998 are not strictly comparable with data for 1991 and earlier years
because population controls from the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated undercount, are used
beginning in 1996. Figures for the 1983-91 period are based on population controls from the 1980
census. Also, beginning in 1996, the figures incorporate the effects of the redesign of the Current
Population Survey introduced in January 1994. Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated
self-employed.
Table 6. Median years of tenure with current employer for employed wage and salary workers by
occupation, selected years, 1983-98
Occupation January January January February February
1983 1987 1991 1996 1998
Total, 16 years and over............................. 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.6
Managerial and professional specialty.................... 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.1 4.8
Executive, administrative, and managerial.............. 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.5 5.3
Officials and administrators, public administration.. 8.3 9.8 10.9 10.4 12.1
Other executive, administrative, and managerial...... 5.7 5.5 6.0 5.2 5.1
Management-related occupations....................... 4.8 4.2 4.7 4.8 4.1
Professional specialty................................. 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.4
Engineers............................................ 6.3 6.1 6.7 6.6 5.3
Mathematical and computer scientists................. 3.8 5.0 4.2 4.5 3.3
Natural scientists................................... 4.7 6.0 5.6 4.4 5.0
Health diagnosing occupations........................ 2.8 2.5 3.0 3.3 3.2
Health assessment and treating occupations........... 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.9 4.6
Teachers, college and university..................... 4.4 7.2 5.5 4.4 4.2
Teachers, except college and university.............. 6.0 7.0 6.7 5.8 5.9
Lawyers and judges................................... 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.3 4.3
Other professional specialty occupations............. 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.6
Technical, sales, and administrative support............. 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.2
Technicians and related support........................ 3.3 3.8 3.8 4.7 4.3
Health technologists and technicians................. 3.3 4.4 3.5 4.5 4.5
Engineering and science technicians.................. 3.9 4.7 4.0 5.5 4.0
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science. 2.7 2.9 3.9 4.4 4.1
Sales occupations...................................... 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4
Supervisors and proprietors.......................... 4.4 4.4 4.9 4.8 4.8
Sales representatives, finance and business services. 2.6 2.4 2.7 3.3 2.7
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail.... 3.7 3.9 3.4 3.8 4.1
Sales workers, retail and personal services.......... 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2
Sales-related occupations............................ 1.7 2.4 3.8 1.5 2.4
Administrative support, including clerical............. 3.5 3.3 3.6 4.0 3.6
Supervisors.......................................... 7.6 8.9 8.4 9.4 8.2
Computer equipment operators......................... 3.2 3.0 3.8 4.8 4.1
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists.............. 3.2 3.0 3.4 4.4 4.1
Financial records processing......................... 4.0 3.6 4.0 4.2 4.2
Mail and message distributing........................ 6.1 4.6 5.9 7.3 7.6
Other administrative support, including clerical..... 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.1
Service occupations...................................... 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.4
Private household...................................... 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.3
Protective service..................................... 4.6 5.0 4.4 5.2 5.4
Service, except private household and protective....... 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1
Food service......................................... 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3
Health service....................................... 2.6 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.8
Cleaning and building service........................ 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1
Personal service..................................... 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2
Precision production, craft, and repair.................. 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.6
Mechanics and repairers.............................. 5.2 5.8 5.0 5.3 4.9
Construction trades.................................. 3.2 2.6 3.2 3.5 3.4
Other precision production, craft, and repair........ 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.1
Operators, fabricators, and laborers..................... 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.2
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.......... 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.1 3.9
Transportation and material moving occupations......... 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8
Motor vehicle operators.............................. 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4
Other transportation and material moving occupations. 6.8 7.2 6.3 5.4 4.8
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.... 2.1 2.0 2.2 1.9 1.9
Construction laborers................................ 2.0 1.3 2.4 2.2 1.6
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers.............................................. 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.9
Farming, forestry, and fishing........................... 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.7 2.8
Farm operators and managers............................ 3.9 5.0 4.8 6.2 4.7
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations....... 2.3 2.3 2.6 3.6 2.8
NOTE: Data for 1996 and 1998 are not strictly comparable with data for 1991 and earlier years
because population controls from the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated undercount, are used
beginning in 1996. Figures for the 1983-91 period are based on population controls from the 1980
census. Also, beginning in 1996, the figures incorporate the effects of the redesign of the Current
Population Survey introduced in January 1994. Data exclude the incorporated and unincorporated
self-employed. |
const express = require('express');
const awsServerlessExpressMiddleware = require('aws-serverless-express/middleware');
const app = new express();
app.use(awsServerlessExpressMiddleware.eventContext());
app.set('view engine', 'html');
app.use('/', express.static('dist', {index: false}));
app.get('/', (req,res) => {
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module.exports = app; |
Lane Kiffin is already putting together a solid staff at FAU.
It was reported earlier today that Kiffin was hiring his brother, Chris Kiffin — Ole Miss’ defensive line coach, as his defensive coordinator, and now, Football Scoop is reporting that Alabama staff member Mike Locksley is heading to FAU to become the Owls’ offensive coordinator.
The former Maryland offensive coordinator and New Mexico head coach served as an offensive analyst for Nick Saban’s staff in Tuscaloosa this year.
Locksley is known as a solid offensive coach, but he’s a great recruiter. And hiring Locksley would be a big win for Kiffin in Boca Raton.
It was also reported yesterday that Kiffin was hiring Alabama’s assistant conditioning coach Wilson Love, and Locksley would be the second.
So, the big question is how will it affect Alabama moving forward?
It’s unlikely that Locksley would have gotten a look at replacing Lane Kiffin as the Tide’s new offensive coordinator, but losing a staffer of Locksley’s caliber certainly doesn’t help, although he wasn’t serving in an on-field coaching role. When teams have as many off-the-field staff members as Alabama, there will be turnover nearly every year. Add to that the staff members’ learning under Nick Saban, the demand becomes even greater.
UPDATE: According to Bruce Feldman of FOX Sports, the report of Locksley to FAU is not accurate.
Am told the reports of #Alabama's Mike Locksley heading to join #FAU staff are not accurate. — Bruce Feldman (@BruceFeldmanCFB) December 15, 2016
We will continue to monitor the situation and update with the latest information as soon as possible. |
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Q:
Gprof missing caller in call graph
I'm trying to profile a c++ algorithm. The result shows a function covering more than 40% of the overall time. However, it seems to have no caller in graph generated with gprof2dot. Moreover the error seems to be confirmed by the generated txt output. Under "name" columns it is written "". How can I solve it? I'm working with OpenCV libraries on Ubuntu.
I compile with the following options:
-g -pg -static-libgcc
A:
Gprof is sampling based profiler: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gprof.
Try this uftrace for tracing the function call graph for your application.
|
HOUSTON -- With plenty of rest before the onset of the American League Championship Series, New York Yankees manager Aaron Boone could have set up his starting rotation however he wanted to. His final decision: Righty Masahiro Tanaka will start Game 1 against the Houston Astros on Saturday at Minute Maid Park.
Boone was circumspect about his reason.
"I felt like it was a good decision," Boone said. "Tough one to be made but similar to the division series, where I was going back and forth a lot. Just felt like Masa here in Game 1 is the way I wanted to go in the end."
Boone's decision essentially flips the top two in New York's rotation from what the Yankees featured during a three-game sweep of the Minnesota Twins in the ALDS. Lefty James Paxton started the first game of that series at Yankee Stadium, going 4⅔ innings, while Tanaka got the nod in Game 2, holding the Twins to one run over five innings.
Boone said Paxton will start Game 2 on Sunday in Houston, followed by Luis Severino in Game 3 on Tuesday at Yankee Stadium. Similar to what Houston manager AJ Hinch has indicated, Boone said his Game 4 starter is to be determined. As for his Game 1 assignment, Tanaka says he is prepared.
"The team told me that I'm pitching Game 1 before we left New York," Tanaka said through an interpreter. "As far as facing the Houston lineup, obviously it's going to be a challenge. But you try not to do anything sort of different going into the game. You prepare for it. You make your plans, and basically you go out there and execute."
In the Astros, the Yankees will be facing another elite offensive team in the AL this season, after dispatching the high-scoring Twins in the last round. The Yankees led the league in runs (943), followed by the Twins (939) and Astros (920). The Astros were particularly potent at home, scoring 58 more runs than on the road.
Tanaka has struggled previously at Minute Maid Park, going 0-1 with a 5.73 ERA over four outings. He split two decisions during the Yankees' memorable ALCS showdown against the Astros in 2017, dropping Game 1 at Houston and winning Game 5 in New York. Houston won that series 4-3 en route to its first World Series title.
"One thing I can say is that we've been here in 2017," Tanaka said. "We know what it's like in here. So I think that experience will definitely help going into the game."
Masahiro Tanaka split two decisions during the Yankees' memorable ALCS showdown against the Astros in 2017, dropping Game 1 at Houston and winning Game 5 in New York. Al Bello/Getty Images
Tanaka will face Astros righty Zack Greinke in Game 1. Houston will follow Greinke with its co-aces, righty Justin Verlander in Game 2 and righty Gerrit Cole in Game 3. Between them, Verlander and Cole had three outings of seven innings or more during Houston's ALCS win over the Rays.
Conversely, Tanaka's five-inning start against Minnesota was the longest outing by a Yankees starter in that series. That outlines one of the big contrasts between the two best regular-season teams in the AL this season: the Astros' powerful rotation against the deep Yankees bullpen on which Boone relies so heavily.
"It's clear the bullpens will have to get important outs," Boone said. "You would expect some close games, games that come down to the end, where if you're going to be able to win a ball game, you're going to have to close it out.
"Obviously, we lean on our bullpen heavily, even though starting pitching is obviously very important. If you're going to get where you want to go, you've got to get good starts out of it, as well."
Boone hopes the first of his good starts will come from Tanaka on Saturday. |
That Bear shit is fuckin hilarious because you can see that he was tryin to decide who to have for supper. He glanced at the guy first and was like, "Nah, he'll put up too much of a fight."
Then he glanced at chick and was like, "Yup." |
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There’s an idiot down the corner from here standing next to the main shopping drag waving a big photo of Obama with the single word “Remove” under the image. Oh, and Obama is sporting a Hitler moustache. |
Control of ciliary beat frequency in the gill of Mytilus--II. Effects of saponin and Brij-58 on the lateral cilia.
The effects of saponin and Brij-58 on the beat activation of the lateral cilia on the gill of Mytilus edulis were investigated. The ciliary activation by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) decreased as the saponin-induced permeabilization progressed, increasing the reactivation of the ciliary beat by extracellularly applied ATP (1 mM). The cilia were activated by 5HT even after the treatment with saponin (0.01 and 0.02% w/v) or Brij-58 (0.07%) rendered the preparation capable of the reactivation by ATP. The saponin treatment itself stimulated the beat of the cilia. Theophylline (1 mM) augmented the saponin-induced activation of the cilia. |
/**
* Copyright (C) 2011-2015 The XDocReport Team <xdocreport@googlegroups.com>
*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
* a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
* the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
* NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
* OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
* WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
package fr.opensagres.poi.xwpf.converter.core.openxmlformats.styles.run;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTParaRPr;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTRPr;
import fr.opensagres.poi.xwpf.converter.core.styles.XWPFStylesDocument;
public class RunFontSizeValueProvider
extends AbstractRunValueProvider<Float>
{
public static final RunFontSizeValueProvider INSTANCE = new RunFontSizeValueProvider();
@Override
public Float getValue( CTRPr pr, XWPFStylesDocument document )
{
return ( pr != null && pr.isSetSz() ) ? pr.getSz().getVal().divide( new BigInteger( "2" ) ).floatValue() : null;
}
@Override
public Float getValue( CTParaRPr pr, XWPFStylesDocument document )
{
return ( pr != null && pr.isSetSz() ) ? pr.getSz().getVal().divide( new BigInteger( "2" ) ).floatValue() : null;
}
}
|
Installing XHProf for MAMP and PHP 5.2 on Mac OS 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
About Lion (10.7) Compatibility: The vast majority of this guide works as-is with MAMP 2.0 under OS X 10.7. The most significant changes are the file paths, which can be found by running the "locate" command as detailed below. Look for the notes below on where the setup does differ.
Exciting discussions have been bubbling up in the Drupal community about using XHProf to analyze the performance of PHP code. Developed by Facebook and released as open source, XHProf is a PHP extension that can track the progress of any PHP application (Drupal included) and generate detailed analytics that help developers isolate performance hot spots.
Unfortunately, if you're using a Mac for PHP development and rely on the MAMP package to manage your sites, installing PHP extensions can be a real pain. A "stab yourself in the eye" kind of pain. In this article, I'll walk you through the process of installing and building XHProf, while avoiding some of the common pitfalls that occur when compiling extensions for MAMP.
MAMP Component Source
The first step to adding an extension to MAMP is downloading the source code for the various components that come with MAMP, and ensuring that you grab the versions that match the MAMP installation you're already using. To find out what version of MAMP you're currently running, launch the appplication and then click 'About MAMP' or 'About MAMP PRO' in the menu bar. The absolute latest version at the time of this writing is 1.9.6.1, but I'm running MAMP 1.9.
To grab the actual downloadable source, visit the SourceForge page for MAMP, and locate the component source that matches your version. To do that click on 'Files', then 'mamp', then to click the link for your version. On the resulting page, you should see a link to a component source download. In my case it was titled MAMP_components_1.9.dmg. Let's go ahead and download that bad boy! And… wait… and wait some more. It's about 120MB, and SourceForge is clocking in at 85KB/sec for me. How about for you?
ZZZZzzzzzzzzzzz…
"Anything we can do while we wait?"
Actually there is! Another reason that installing PHP extensions for MAMP can be so challenging is that Mac OS already comes with PHP installed, so sometimes the wires get crossed between the different PHP binary files. For this reason, I also like to ensure that by default I am using my preferred MAMP version of the PHP binaries.
To do this, pop open a Terminal window and use the which command to see where these binaries are found. If you're like me, you probably see something like this:
These files are the PHP binaries that come already installed on Mac OS. What I'd like to do is have it look to the MAMP versions of these binaries, so that we can be sure XHProf gets installed for the right version of PHP.
Well, where do the MAMP versions of these binaries reside? Good question. I always forget, so instead I just use locate to find where the files are. pecl is a file that isn't as frequent as php, so I'll search for that.
Since I do most of my work using PHP 5.2, I need to make sure that the binaries inside of Applications/MAMP/bin/php5.2/bin are used. The way that I'll do this is by symlinking all the binaries in there. I don't want to actually overwrite the files that are in /usr/bin, as Mac OS will happily overwrite them later, forcing me to do this all over again. Instead, I'll symlink them into /usr/local/bin.
To fix this, I'll pop open my .bash_profile file inside my user's home directory and be sure that /usr/local/bin is before /usr/bin. Keep in mind, you'll probably want to make this permanent by editing your .bash_profile as well, but for the sake of brevity, let's just change this variable for this session.
Yay! which php now shows /usr/local/bin/php as my php binary, and php -i confirms that we are using PHP 5.2. Phew, that was kind of a mess, huh? Thankfully things only get worse from here. Errr... Scratch that. Reverse it.
"Hey my component source download is done!"
Great! So, now that we have the component source for our version of MAMP downloaded, let's pop it open and figure out what needs to be done. We'll cd into the directory and move some files into our MAMP installation.
Now that we've got the PHP source, we need to configure it for our machine. This is a pretty simple step:
cd /Applications/MAMP/bin/php5.2/include/php
./configure
Voilà!
"Can we install XHProf yet?"
Ok, ok! Let's install XHProf. But, I'm warning you, it's not as simple as sudo pecl install xhprof. This is due mostly to some issues with how PECL expects the package tree to be formed.
To get around this, we'll first need to download XHProf directly. To do this, head over to the PECL XHProf project page and see what the latest version of XHProf is. For me, it shows XHProf 0.9.2.
Now that we know the version of XHProf, we can go ahead and download the source. Normally I'd download this into /tmp, but in the case of XHProf, we want to keep the source handy, as it includes web scripts used to display the metrics. For this reason, I'm instead going to download the XHProf source into my MAMP web root. For me, I have this at ~/Sites, but you may have it some other place, like /Applications/MAMP/htdocs. Regardless of where your web root is, just cd into that directory.
Ok, now that we've gotten XHProf downloaded, we need to get it ready for compiling. To do this, we need to set up some environment variables. The reason for this is that MAMP PHP is compiled as a 32 bit application, but if we don't tell that to XHProf when we configure it, it will get compiled as 64 bit. With MAMP 2 on OS X 10.7, this step isn't required, as MAMP is a universal binary. It's likely not required with MAMP 2 on OS X 10.6, though we haven't tested that combination ourselves.
Ok, the somewhat icky part is out of the way, now let's move forward and configure XHProf! Before we run these commands, though, let's just double check to make sure phpize and php-config are set up properly.
$ which phpize
/usr/bin/phpize
Whoops! What happened there? There was a small step that I missed above, after we symlinked. Some quick debugging shows me that the PHP binaries were not set up as executable. Note: if you didn't run into this, that means you followed my instructions above perfectly. 2 gold stars, my friend.
If you see a API version starting with 2009 above, you probably did something wrong (unless you're using PHP 5.3 on MAMP 2). Retrace your steps, and ensure you are using MAMP's phpize. Let's move on by configuring and installing.
./configure
make
sudo make install
After running all that, if you see something similar to "Installing shared extensions: /Applications/MAMP/bin/php5.2/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/", you should be good! If not, try making some burnt offerings on your Steve Jobs alter... Or just leave a comment.
"Yay! I think... Now what?"
Ok, now we need to actually let PHP know to use our new extension we just created. To do this we need to edit php.ini. If you have MAMP Pro, you can open it up, click 'File', then 'Edit Template' and then select the appropriate version of PHP. If not, just search for php.ini:
The xhprof.output_dir can be any directory you like, and you may want it to live inside /tmp instead. You might need to create the directory before it actually works, though, so just keep that in mind.
If you do have MAMP Pro, you'll also want to make the same change in /Applications/MAMP/conf/php5.2/php.ini. This is the php.ini that is used for command line PHP, which we are about to use to see if XHProf is working. Taking this extra step will also allow you to use XHProf inside of Drush scripts, which is actually pretty nifty!
Once you've edited the php.ini files, let's run a little test to see if XHProf is getting loaded properly.
$ php -i | grep xhprof
xhprof => 0.9.2
If you see that 0.9.2 in there, you're good to go.
"Can I go home now?"
That's it! Phew, that was rough, huh? If your brain is feeling a bit like cottage cheese right now, don't worry—the hard part is over. We now have XHProf compiled for the version of PHP that came with MAMP. Stay tuned for a follow up entry on how to get this wired up to work with Devel module, and how we can use this new tool to help isolate performance bottlenecks and other issues.
About the author, James Sansbury
An experienced Drupal developer and architect himself, James manages Lullabot's back-end development team. He lives near Atlanta, GA and enjoys fishing, hiking, and camping. |
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
#include "processor/stmgr-register-processor.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "processor/tmaster-processor.h"
#include "manager/tmaster.h"
#include "proto/messages.h"
#include "basics/basics.h"
#include "errors/errors.h"
#include "threads/threads.h"
#include "network/network.h"
namespace heron {
namespace tmaster {
StMgrRegisterProcessor::StMgrRegisterProcessor(REQID _reqid, Connection* _conn,
pool_unique_ptr<proto::tmaster::StMgrRegisterRequest> _request,
TMaster* _tmaster, Server* _server)
: Processor(_reqid, _conn, std::move(_request), _tmaster, _server) {}
StMgrRegisterProcessor::~StMgrRegisterProcessor() {
// nothing to be done here
}
void StMgrRegisterProcessor::Start() {
// We got a new stream manager registering to us
// Get the relevant info and ask tmaster to register
proto::tmaster::StMgrRegisterRequest* request =
static_cast<proto::tmaster::StMgrRegisterRequest*>(request_.get());
std::vector<shared_ptr<proto::system::Instance>> instances;
for (sp_int32 i = 0; i < request->instances_size(); ++i) {
auto instance = std::make_shared<proto::system::Instance>();
instance->CopyFrom(request->instances(i));
instances.push_back(instance);
}
shared_ptr<proto::system::PhysicalPlan> pplan;
proto::system::Status* status =
tmaster_->RegisterStMgr(request->stmgr(), instances, GetConnection(), pplan);
// Send the response
proto::tmaster::StMgrRegisterResponse response;
response.set_allocated_status(status);
if (status->status() == proto::system::OK) {
if (pplan) {
response.mutable_pplan()->CopyFrom(*pplan);
}
}
SendResponse(response);
return;
}
} // namespace tmaster
} // namespace heron
|
King: Yankees will monitor Rickie Weeks; ChiSox seeking catching help
The Yankees are reportedly done signing Major League free agents, but that doesn’t mean trades for established big leaguers are off the table. According to George King, the team will monitor second baseman Rickie Weeks, who could lose his starting job with the Brewers to youngster Scooter Gennett these next few weeks.
Weeks, 31, was limited to 104 games last season by a severe hamstring injury that required season-ending surgery in August. The 23-year-old Gennett took his spot in the lineup and hit .324/.356/.479 (131 wRC+) with six homers in 230 plate appearances down the stretch. Weeks has hit .222/.320/.384 (94 wRC+) with 31 homers and 23 steals these last two years, a far cry from his 2009-11 peak.
The Brewers would presumably love to shed Weeks and the $11M they owe him this season. This is not another Vernon Wells situation though; the elder Weeks brother has not been a total disaster the last two years. Below-average, yes, but not a Wellsian disaster. Trading a prospect and picking up that $11M tab would be tough to swallow with Stephen Drew still unsigned, but he is a name to keep in the back of your mind.
(Rich Schultz/Getty)
In other news, King says the White Sox are seeking catching help and had a scout on hand for yesterday’s game against Florida State. Frankie Cervelli, John Ryan Murphy, and Gary Sanchez all played in the game. “There has been no dialogue … I wouldn’t comment on interest,” said Brian Cashman when asked about a potential deal with Chicago.
The Yankees are prioritizing infield and bullpen help this spring, to no one’s surprise. The ChiSox could offer perennial disappointment Gordon Beckham or free agent flop Jeff Keppinger, who New York showed some interest in at the trade deadline last year, according to King. The 33-year-old hit .253/.283/.317 (60 wRC+) last summer and is owed $9.5M through 2015. Beckham, 27, managed a .267/.322/.372 (88 wRC+) line last year, his best season since 2009. He’s owed $4.175M this year and is under team control in 2015 as well.
Beckham was much more interesting a year or two ago, when he on the right side of 25 and still had some of that top prospect shine. We now have nearly 2,500 big league plate appearances saying this guy is a below-average Major League hitter and there have been no signs of improvement in recent years. As badly as they need infield help, I think the Yankees have to be careful not to overrate their catching depth. It can disappear in a hurry.
I assume you’re refering to the Weecks contract. If the Brewers are looking for a true “prospect”, they’d have to eat some of that salary.
TWTR
Yes. I think there are better options.
I’m One
I tend to agree. Not really that intrigued by Weecks.
DERP
I know they won’t trade him, but would Matt Davidson for Murphy be fair? Maybe the Yankees kick in someone else.
Would Marcus Semien be a guy to target?
Dustin
Doubt it. Seems like Semien will be their starting 2B and Davidson their starting 3B, and they don’t have anyone better to take those jobs except maybe Beckham remaining the starting 2B.
Jorge Steinbrenner
Interesting.
I’ve heard enough about Jeff Keppinger for this lifetime. Then again, that’s not a huge commitment through 2015.
I’d honestly be open to considering (that was worded carefully) Weeks or Beckham at the right price. Weeks is a one-year hit contract-wise, but not something that the team would have to deal with moving forward if it didn’t work out this season. Beckham is what he is. Would I consider shipping Frankie out for him? Maybe. At the very least, either increases the depth at each position.
They’re options you don’t immediately hang up about, at least.
Colonel
Yeah I would consider trading for Cervelli from something like one of these guys, but not one of the other prospects with more upside.
Chip
Cervelli is a league averageish catcher who is under team control for a few seasons yet. There’s a lot of value there. Certainly a lot more than Gordon Beckham at 4 million a year has
Jorge Steinbrenner
You’re on a roll talking me out of things in this thread. I should take you on shopping trips.
Chip
You just bought a new outfit last week, how could you possibly need another already? You can’t wear two at once!
Note: This is a completely ineffectual argument with my wife
Jorge Steinbrenner
This is the complete opposite with mine.
I’m One
There are certainly times where I’ll won’t even try to talk my wife out of a new outfit … like when she’s shopping at Victoria’s Secret (or someplace more risque). ;-)
Jorge Steinbrenner
I’m the one who has to drag my wife to the mall. We are pretty traditionally gender reversed in that regard.
I’m also the one with way to much in my closet.
Dan
Cervelli’s trade value right now is really low. Look at his past 2 seasons, 2 years ago he was in AAA. Last year he had a good month, and then got hurt and then got suspended for PEDs and he missed the whole year. At this point, I think he’s a useful backup catcher, but not much more. I’d imagine other teams view him similarly.
Yes, backup catchers under team control have value. But I don’t think it’s enough alone to get a starting second baseman, even if he is a bit below average.
Stephen
What a surprise – another post by Mike…another reference to the unsigned Stephen Drew? Yes, we all know he is still out there…I don’t need to see it mentioned in every other post.
I’m One
An article referencing available infielders (at least potentially available in a trade) should provide comparitive value, in my opinion. Drew doesn’t cost a prospect (or a player in return) but may or may not cost more in actual dollars. Fair point.
david S
I agree — Mike does amazing work on this blog, churning out numerous daily posts, however it is patently obvious the Yankees do not think Drew is capable of playing 2nd or 3rd base. Or, find something else questionable about him. Just let it go…
Then we can focus our time to getting you to accept that Ellsbury was signed and mentioning 11,450 times that you don’t agree, understand or get it …. doesn’t matter! Get on board, because you root for the laundry and he is on the team for 7 years!
LK
So, you want Mike to change his mind about the Ellsbury signing because he’s going to be here for 7 years? What value would his opinion be if all he did was talk about how great the Yankees’ decisions are?
david S
Not in the slightest – have you heard of beating a dead horse? The guy hasn’t even played a game…
I didn’t say the decision was great, but it happened. Move on…
LK
Sure, I get that. I guess where you see “beating a dead horse,” I see “there’s nothing else to talk about.”
Preston
If you think he’s beating a dead horse about Ellsbury you probably shouldn’t read a blog with daily posts entirely about Yankee baseball. We’ll be hearing hints about Mike’s opinion about the Jacoby Ellsbury contract every time it’s relevant for the next 7 years. And if it turns out as bad he’ll probably reference long after that.
Need Pitching & Hitting
however it is patently obvious the Yankees do not think Drew is capable of playing 2nd or 3rd base. Or, find something else questionable about him
Then why did the Yankees have a standing offer out to him earlier in the offseason?
It seems the issue has little to do with what they think Drew is or isn’t capable of doing and more to do with Hal not wanting to spend much more money.
jsbrendog
wake up on wrong side of bed?
check
go to internet to complain about things?
check
Jorge Steinbrenner
Except that Drew is actually relevant here.
I am trying to take note of Joe’s “complaining about the complainer” complaint yesterday, though.
thomas
I have my questions concerning Drew. The redsox don’t seem to wnat him even tho they are going with an unproven ss. yet the yankees are asses for not doing the same thing as the redsoxs. If Drew was so healthy and good, I would guess that his last team would be all over him. They have the money. I just think that there is more behind this than we all know.
LK
This would normally be something to consider, except the Red Sox have one of the 3 best prospects in all of baseball ready to step in at Drew’s position.
Also something to consider: what this would say about what we should expect from Ellsbury, based on the same logic.
Steve (different one)
And what about 3B? Since that is where everyone wants Drew for the Yankees. Middlebrooks?
Here is the thing with Drew, and it applies to Choo in the last thread as well: it takes two to tango. TWICE the Yankees have made Drew what was likely his best available offer (certainly last winter, and I am assuming by his not being in camp right now, no one has done better than the “2-3 year” offer they made earlier in the winter). And twice he has refused.
It seems obvious to me that he doesn’t want to be here. Maybe it’s time we let it go. Maybe?
Same with Choo. He took LESS money to go to Texas, so maybe we should stop complaining about not signing him.
LK
I think Middlebrooks sucks, but I’m guessing that the Red Sox FO does want to give him a shot as he’s still young and was pretty highly-regarded. I still don’t really buy that Boston moving on from Drew is that big of a red flag.
You’re right that Drew has to be willing to sign here, and he doesn’t appear to want to. All I’ve been discussing is whether or not the Yankees ought to have interest in him, which they seem to have had earlier this offseason but do not have now.
I didn’t want Choo, but taking into account the state tax laws I believe he’s actually getting more money from Texas.
Jorge Steinbrenner
Middlebrooks has shown enough in small doses for them to want to give the extra look. In the end, yeah, I don’t think that ends the way they wanted it to.
These thins only happen to the Yankees, by the way.
I think guys like Choo and Drew chose not to jump on initial Yankee offers the way Ellsbury and McCann did, thinking a better market would develop. It did for Choo. It didn’t for Drew.
I actually think there’s strong merit to a less loaded version of the “Hal doesn’t want to spend any more money” being offered around. I think the team actually does feel like it’s spent enough, and that anything above this would have to be for someone they truly feel is worth their while. I don’t think they see Drew as that guy. I don’t fault them for that. So let’s just say that Hal doesn’t want to spend any more money….on someone like Drew, hole or not.
LK
I’m not really sure what you’re saying at the end. We don’t know what Drew’s asking price is, but based on his market it can’t be *that* high, and based on the Yankees’ interest earlier in the offseason when they made him an offer, they must think he can improve the team to a significant degree. It seems like the explanation is that Hal doesn’t want to spend more money, simple as that (which is fine, it’s his money, but there’s no need to obfuscate what’s happening).
Jorge Steinbrenner
Other than Stephen Drew, there’s not really a player out there on which we can’t test either hypothesis on.
I guess this will just remain out there in the ether.
Mr. Roth
He’s available to ALL of the teams and none of them have signed him yet. It seems that the league unanimously agrees that he is asking for far too much, or his medicals are terrible.
Jorge Steinbrenner
…or that Hal Steinbrenner secretly runs every team.
I SWEAR to GOD someone just called in with a Drew question to the Kay show.
Chip
I would be very surprised if they traded anything at all for Keppinger or Beckham as neither of them are really good at anything and both are pretty expensive for below average players. I could maybe see them doing a Cervelli for Micah Johnson or Marcus Semien swap as the White Sox have a ton of infield options that are fairly close to the majors.
With the Brewers, maybe they convince them to pick up half of the contract? Weeks at 5 million would make this lineup much more respectable but I’m afraid he’d give all his value back on defense
Tim D.
I still think it’s a chance the team should take. Beckham is awful; I wouldn’t go near him. Weeks has been on the downslide but he can’t be worse than an injury prone Brian Roberts.
Chip
I disagree, Weeks could definitely be worse than injury prone Brian Roberts. There’s a chance that Weeks hits .180/.260/.320 and isn’t mobile enough to play second. I would also admit that it’s possible he hits above the league average. Either way, I think we can all agree that he’s going to be terrible in the field considering he was pretty bad before having leg surgery
Jorge Steinbrenner
I mean…..so could Roberts, but he’s already in the fold and doesn’t cost much.
You may have just talked me out of Rickie Weeks. Congrats.
LK
If Weeks comes at no prospect cost, that seems like a decent move. It’s not ideal with his performance concerns and the fact that both he and Roberts are limited to 2B only, but with the current IF there’s no reason to be too picky. I don’t think they should trade anyone of significant value for him, though (or Keppinger or Beckham, for that matter). Still seems like Drew is a better option, depending on whether or not Boras is ready to acknowledge reality, of course.
Chip
It might not be Drew/Boris. Maybe the Yankees (and the rest of the league) found something in the medicals that they didn’t like and really aren’t interested in him at any price.
LK
Well, the report from a couple days ago said the Yankees had an offer out to Drew that they pulled after making other signings. I can’t imagine his medicals would be bad enough that they wouldn’t be interested him at any price. Hell, what could even be in his medicals that would be worse than Brian Roberts’ medicals, which I assume are just a high-resolution photo of a dumpster that’s been soaked in kerosene and set ablaze?
Jorge Steinbrenner
The dumpster is concussion-free? Hooray!
http://riveravenueblues austinmac
I thik it is obvious Hal doesn’t want to spend more money. Hence, no Drew.
TWTR
I can’t fault him at this point (he shouldn’t have to spend as much as he has) as long as he doesn’t end up ultimately spending on something that doesn’t make sense, like Weeks.
Dustin
We’re all focusing on infielders. But what about Nate Jones? Could he be gotten for JR Murphy or Cervelli?
Dustin
Or Scott Downs or Ronald Belisario. Or for lesser prospects, Mitchell Boggs or Daniel Webb.
TWTR
I want to keep Murphy. I am fine with trading Cervelli.
Mike
What about a Weeks for Ichiro swap? Maybe the through in a guy like Ramon Flores.
Dustin
I like it for us, but they’ve already got Logan Schafer as a 4th OF. Maybe they prefer Ichiro, but at $5MM (the difference between salaries)?
Chip Rodriguez
Blue Jays v. Phils being broadcast on mlb.tv.
There’s baseball on my screen again, and it feels good.
RM
JR Murphy for Jones is interesting and I would think a fair deal. He is under control for 4 more years. I would consider it.
Chip Rodriguez
Ellsbury draws a walk, and McCann drives him in for his first RBI. Welcome aboard, guys.
W.B. Mason Williams
Rickie Weeks…a name to watch this spring…as he plays 2B for the Brewers.
The good news: After 2 innings and 2 AB, Jacoby Ellsbury is on pace for about 1000 walks and 1000 runs scored this year! :-)
the bad news: After 2 innings and 2 AB, Carlos Beltran is on pace to strike out 500 times and never hit a ball out of the infield. :-(
Chip Rodriguez
Better news: McCann is batting 1.000 with RISP!
I’m One
Betances 11 strikes no balls in his 2 innings of work. He will not give up a walk all season!
The Great Gonzo
Hooray for Sample Size!
Dicka24
I’d take a flyer on Beckham, but I’m not sure that Cervelli is someone I’d want to part with to do so. Not that Cervelli is something grand, but will Beckham really give you more than what you currently have? I think he’s young enough at 26, to where there is still room for improvement. He hits .323 in the minors, but hasn’t done much in the pros.
I can get people not liking the Ellsbury contract, or signing, but when they turn around and say they would have liked signing Choo, I can’t help but shake my head. Ellsbury is a better overall player than Choo, hands down. The logic there is baffling. If you hate the Ellsbury deal, then you should dislike the Choo deal too.
Dalek Jeter
I’d rather sign Placido Polanco than give up a warm body for any of these guys, personally.
I
I would have been in on the Beckham idea earlier in the offseason, but at this point, I fail to understand why this is even a topic at the moment. Girardi has more or less already named Roberts as the Yanks 2nd baseman and they have a lot of depth past that with Johnson, Anna, Nunez and even Ryan as well as others. I mean, at a minimum, we should see how the Roberts thing plays out. 3rd is more of interest in my opinion, but I don’t think Keppinger is the answer at this point either. Sizemore would be the best result, but we need to see how his health is first. I would rather focus on someone who could be an impact player, has good health is young and cheap for a swap of Murphy and Heathcott or Williams together for a guy like Matt Dominguez. The Astro’s did have scouts watching so there is some sense to this type of deal. Trevor Plouff seems like an obvious candidate, but I don’t know if it would work.
The most amazing thing I continue to scratch my head over is Chase Headly. The guy had a rough time and then an amazing MVP like season, back to pedestrian, now injured and who knows. I said it two years ago and I’ll say it again, the Padres dropped the ball big time not having traded him at max value at that time. I guess I’m glad being a Yank fan because it probably wouldn’t have worked out so well if we got him, hence my caution going forward 2014/15 offseason about signing him.
Anyone on Matt Dominguez?
Dalek Jeter
I really don’t get this public perception that Headley was “pedestrian” before or after 2012. I mean his fWAR’s the past four years are:
2010: 4.4
2011: 2.3
2012: 7.2
2013: 3.6
Another thing to look at is last season his BB%, K%, and BABIP were all worse than his career averages.
I
I hadn’t realized 2010 was better on paper than it appeared. Considering the type of contract he might command and factoring in health, I don’t think his total WAR production justifies the future cost. Really, 2014 is a big deal for a player like him. I don’t see the Yanks actually in on a player like him. If they can get a guy like Dominguez, great, or maybe some anomaly like O’Brien pans out or Jaliego or others move up quickly, otherwise, I could see someone like Sandoval being signed to a 2-3 year deal this coming off season. I don’t know who to make sense of this 3rd base issue the Yanks face currently, especially considering Arod being in the plans (or not) past next season. I think the Yanks would be well vested looking at a player like Dominguez considering the totality of things and the guy has displayed some power, so isn’t that consistent to what a few earlier posts have stated?
Delbert Grady
Remember when the media & White Sox were calling Beckham their Jeter?
Part of the appeal of Weeks is he and CC are best buddies and perhaps that brings out his best. It’s like when the Red Sox writers believe that if they get Ethier from the Dodgers, Pedroia will turn him into Ted Williams as they are best buds.
I’m not sure I buy into that theory, but considering what our infield looks like at the moment, Weeks would be a welcome addition via salary dump.
Preston
I’ll say this about Gordan Beckham. We could do a lot worse. He can play adequate defense at 2b and 3b and has a career wRC+ of 86, to go with last seasons wRC+ of 88 and all three projection systems tag him for 1.1-1.2 WAR in 2014. That’s not great, it’s not even average. But it could be a lot worse.
Last season when we had to start putting together our Frankenstein’s monster infield it got a lot worse. Beckham’s career wRC+ of 86 is exactly what we got out of our 1b last year for a total of .4 WAR. We got a wRC+ of 60 with -1.6! WAR out of SS and a wRC+ of 69 and .7 WAR out of 3b. Brian Roberts certainly is more accomplished than Bekcham, and everybody’s favorite Scott Sizemore showed more promise before injuries. But Beckham is a more certain commodity than either. Because he’s healthy and legitimately above replacement level. And as we found out last season, those guys don’t grow on trees. If all he costs is 4 million and one of Cervelli/Romine (who are duplicative anyways, one is going to be BUC at AAA) so that we can stash him on the bench as a backup 3b/2b then I’m all for it.
Eric
De Aza to the Mariners
Franklin to the Yankees
Murphy to the White Sox
Add prospects as needed.
nolan
The brewers have what we need. Swing a trade for weeks and aramis ramirez for straight salary relief. Brewers dump all of Ramirez’s 16 million on the yanks and pick up 50% of weeks. Yanks are on the hook for an additional 27 million but gain 2 right handed thumpers that shore up the weak infield the yanks are currently playing with. KJ plays 2b against RH pitchers (Weeks is a career wRC +126 hitter vs LH pitching). |
Ethanol
Ethanol or bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation. The most common feedstock is sugar or starch crops. In much of the world the source is corn or sugarcane.
Manitoba has an ethanol plant operated by Husky Energy in Minnedosa, Manitoba. The plant feedstock for the facility is non-food feed-grade wheat and corn purchased from local growers. This includes soft wheat, prairie spring wheat, winter wheat and corn. Other grains such as durum, barley, and rye may be used on occasion.
Ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions.
Many automobile manufacturers now make alternative fuel vehicles (AFV’s). Available in Canada, they are designed to run on E85 ethanol – 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline.
Cellulosic biomass, derived from non-food sources such as trees and grasses, is being developed as a feedstock for ethanol production.
Biodiesel
Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils and animal fats using a process called transesterification.
Biodiesel can be used alone as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a diesel additive to reduce levels of particulates, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions.
Research indicates that 20% biodiesel to 80% conventional diesel is the best mixture for reducing emissions and engine wear, while maximizing performance.
However, in Manitoba lower concentrations are usually called for to reduce problems of gelling in cold temperatures.
In 2009, Manitoba became the first province in Canada to mandate the use of biodiesel. As of November 1, 2009 all diesel fuel sold in the province must contain an average of two percent biodiesel.
Biodiesel has low aquatic toxicity and biodegrades in 30 days, making it an excellent alternative fuel choice for boats.
Natural Gas
Natural Gas is a fossil fuel that consists of 90% methane.
Emissions from natural gas vehicles (NGV) are mostly unburned methane. As such, it does not contribute to the formation of photochemical pollution (smog). Methane is also a greenhouse gas, but well-maintained NGV’s release fewer total emissions because of fuel system design.
Propane
Propane or liquified petroleum gas (LPG) consists mainly of propane, propylene, butane and butylene in various mixtures (1). Much of Winnipeg’s taxi fleet operated on propane before they converted to hybrid vehicles. It is the most publicly accessible alternative fuel. |
Officer Wince has worked in Richmond, Chesterfield, and now he works for the Metropolitan Police in D.C. His wife is pushing the message that blue lives matter, too. As a matter of fact, a letter from Officer William Turner will be read at the rally. Turner was shot in the line of duty here in Richmond. |
Making Soap and Bath Fizzies for Kids
Choose from a variety of colours, scents and molds to create a truly unique bar of soap. The melt and pour base we use is vegetable derived, made with cocoa butter, mango butter and nourishing shea butter and are SLS & SLES free. While your soaps are setting, you will make your very own bath fizzies with customized scent and colour.
Take home a package of at least 2 bars of soap and 2 bath fizzies.
This workshop is perfect for all ages. Drop off for children 8 and over, children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult. |
Pages
Tuesday, 18 September 2012
The Chilli Festival at Bennington Lordship
This year was the 6th annual Chilli Festival at
the Bennington Lordship Garden, just outside of Aston/Stevenage. It took place
on the bank holiday weekend at the end of August, as it does every year as it
continues to grow in popularity.
If you want to find out more you can follow them on
facebook, or at their website.
The festival attracts thousands of visitors over the two
days and has a whole host of stalls offering chilli based products (from oils,
chocolates, chutneys and curry sauces) to chilli plants, and chilli packed
street food. There’s even a range of speciality beers and other drinks to help
you cool down!
One of the highlights of the day however is the chilli
eating competition! If you are fortunate enough to go next year, make sure you
arrive with plenty of time in the morning so that you witness some very brave
people brave some of the hottest chilli’s in the world!
Unfortunately this year we missed the chilli eating
competition – though we were lucky (not sure that’s the right word...) to
witness the aftermath and lots of milk being drunk. I’ve also learnt that
lesson the hard way before.
I visited the festival this year with my boyfriend and I
think I can safely say we tried EVERYTHING there. I must admit, I regretted the
odd one or two after doing so, and more than once I bit off more than I could
chew, but all in all it was a great tasting experience.
I now have so much inspiration and ideas for different
chilli themed cooking: from spicy ketchups, to chilli based pestos and much
more.
We also bought a chilli plant – opting for one of the less
exotic varieties this time...
Have you ever been to the Bennington Chilli Festival, or
another one in the country for that matter? If you’re a seller of chilli based products and thinking of
attending a similar festival, remember one thing – samples (and lots of lolly
sticks or crackers for people to try them with.) There was one poor soul this year who bought no samples at
all and I don’t think I saw one person at his stall.
I’ve not been able to do an in depth review of all of the
products tried, you can see from the pictures some of the stalls that were
present. Anilah’s curry sauces were there again, Anilah NEVER disappoints, this
year offering a wide range of curry sauces, chutneys and popadoms as well as a
delicious lentil cake. But, perhaps my favourite product of the whole show was
the chilli cheese sauce from Hot Headz. It is the most moreish thing I have
ever tasted!!!
I loved it so much I’ll show you exactly where to buy it:
right from the Hot Headz website.
About Me
I’m an aspiring lawyer who considers it a crime not to cook and eat great food.
Since graduating from The University of Nottingham, and starting the LPC at BPP Law School in Holborn, London I am cooking up a storm back in my parents’ kitchen in between sampling the best food in and around London. |
Q:
Who is this man in Black Adder?
In Episode 2 of the first season of The Black Adder?
A:
In the pilot for the series, the pet was originally a dog in the cage:
According to The True History of the Blackadder: The Unadulterated Tale of the Creation of a Comedy Legend (p. 107), the pilot was remade into the episode you cite. "Perhaps as a response to The Young Ones' surreal dimensions," the jokes were more outlandish in the series than the pilot, "the dog which Edmund kept in a cage in the pilot had now become his pet dwarf, for instance." You can watch the pilot in three parts on YouTube. Edmund in the pilot is more like the Edmund of the later Blackadder series rather than the doltish fellow we see in the first season.
A:
He is not named, but is supposed to be Edmund's pet dwarf. One of the prevalent legends about the dark ages is that some noblemen kept dwarfs in cages as pets to amuse themselves with. Whether this is historically true or not is not something I can comment on though.
|
Northampton have signed Fijian-born Australian wing Taqele Naiyaravoro ahead of next season's Aviva Premiership.
Naiyaravoro, who weighs almost 20 stones, will leave Super Rugby team the Waratahs later this year and arrive at the Saints in time for their 2018-19 campaign.
The 26-year-old rugby league convert has won two caps for the Wallabies and scored nine tries in 22 appearances for Glasgow Warriors during a disappointing 2015-16 season in the Guinness PRO12 as it was then.
"Taqele is an immense talent and we feel that he can really fulfil his sizeable potential at Saints," technical coaching consultant Alan Gaffney said.
"He clearly boasts the physical attributes to cause teams a lot of problems in the Aviva Premiership and in Europe and he showed that during his time with Glasgow.
"Taqele already has a relationship with Rob Horne having played with him at the Waratahs and I'm sure he will make a massive impact." |
my %hash;
my @ke<caret>ys;
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|
No. 116,635
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF KANSAS
STATE OF KANSAS,
Appellee,
v.
AARON JEROME GREEN,
Appellant.
SYLLABUS BY THE COURT
1.
Where the party challenging a jury instruction on appeal failed to object below, the
clearly erroneous standard of review applies. The clearly erroneous standard is a two-step
review that requires an appellate court to first determine whether the instructions were
legally and factually appropriate, employing an unlimited review of the entire record. If
error is found, the defendant must firmly convince the court the jury would have reached
a different result without the error.
2.
A jury instruction is legally appropriate if it fairly and accurately states the
applicable law.
3.
The use of PIK instructions, while not mandatory, is strongly recommended. The
pattern instructions have been developed by a knowledgeable committee to bring
accuracy, clarity, and uniformity to jury instructions. A jury instruction may depart from
the PIK instruction where legally appropriate.
1
4.
The phrases "with a deadly weapon" and "in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted" as contained in PIK Crim. 4th 54.310 are
synonymous.
5.
The aggravated form of simple battery contained in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-
5413(a)(2) is aggravated battery contained in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C).
6.
A jury instruction for aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-
5413(b)(1)(C) is legally appropriate when it states, in relevant part, that the defendant
knowingly caused physical contact with the victim in a rude, insulting, or angry manner
and in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement, or death can be inflicted.
7.
A lesser included offense is, in relevant part, a lesser degree of the same crime or a
crime where all elements of the lesser crime are identical to some of the elements of the
crime charged. A lesser included offense jury instruction must be given when there is
some evidence, emanating from whatever source and proffered by whichever party, that
would reasonably justify a conviction of some lesser included crime. To determine
whether a lesser included offense jury instruction should have been given, an appellate
court views the evidence in a light most favorable to the defendant. A district court does
not err in failing to give a lesser included offense jury instruction on a crime which is
unsupported by the evidence in that particular case.
8.
A court's duty to instruct on a lesser included offense is not foreclosed or excused
just because the lesser included offense may be inconsistent with the defendant's theory
2
of defense. Moreover, the evidence which would support a conviction on a lesser
included offense is not restricted to that which was proffered by the defense; it can
include evidence presented by the State as well.
9.
Reckless aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) is a lesser
included offense of knowing aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-
5413(b)(1)(C) because it is a lesser degree of the same crime.
10.
Generally, a defendant cannot complain on appeal about a claimed error that was
invited. The invited error doctrine applies only when the party fails to object and invites
the error, unless the error is structural. The invited error doctrine applies when a
defendant actively pursues what is later argued to be error, such as when the defendant
submits a proposed jury instruction.
11.
The burden of proof jury instruction given by the district court, which mirrors the
language contained in PIK Crim. 4th 51.010, was legally appropriate.
Appeal from Saline District Court; JARED B. JOHNSON, judge. Opinion filed May 18, 2018.
Affirmed.
Carol Longenecker Schmidt, of Kansas Appellate Defender Office, for appellant.
Anna M. Jumpponen, assistant county attorney, Ellen Mitchell, county attorney, and Derek
Schmidt, attorney general, for appellee.
3
Before BRUNS, P.J., PIERRON and POWELL, JJ.
POWELL, J.: Aaron Jerome Green was convicted by a jury of his peers of one
count of aggravated battery, two counts of simple battery, one count of criminal damage
to property, and one count of violation of a protective order. Green now appeals, arguing
the district court improperly instructed the jury in three instances, all of which require
reversal of his convictions. Green also claims the district court improperly sentenced him
by including in his criminal history prior convictions which had not been proven to the
jury beyond a reasonable doubt. For reasons more fully explained below, we disagree and
affirm.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Cherie Adkins was dating Green but had a no-contact order against him. Despite
the no-contact order, Adkins invited Green to have dinner with her and her cousin
William Joseph (B.J.) Russell at her home in Salina, Kansas, on September 19, 2015.
Around 5 or 6 p.m., Russell and Adkins began drinking while Adkins prepared dinner.
Adkins testified Green came over to her house later and he drank some beers or whiskey
that night. Russell testified that he was drinking whiskey pretty heavily and estimated he
had had about a half liter of whiskey by the time Green arrived about two hours later.
Russell admitted that due to his intoxication he did not remember a lot about what
happened that night.
After dinner, the three went over to a friend's house. During the visit, Adkins
promised the friend's niece that she would bring her some toys she had at her house. The
group did not stay at the friend's house very long because Green got into an argument
with the friend. Green appeared irritated when they left and then became more irritated
after they briefly stopped at a second friend's home. At the second stop, only Green went
inside; Adkins and Russell remained in her car. Russell was pretty inebriated and may
4
have passed out. Russell stated that he did not go into the first home and that he slept
through most, if not all, of the car ride.
After the second stop, the group returned to Adkins' house. Adkins and Green
started arguing, and Russell woke up and tried to get the two to calm down. Russell and
Green then went into Adkins' bedroom to talk. At that point, Adkins left to take the toys
to her friend's niece and returned home about five minutes later. When Adkins returned
home, Green was outside the front of her house. After Adkins got out of her car, Green
began yelling at her because Russell had brought a knife into the bedroom where they
were talking. Green pinned Adkins against the car, choked her to the point that she
almost passed out, and caused her to fall. Green then pulled Adkins up by the back of her
shirt and led her into the house and down a hallway leading to the bedrooms. Green kept
his hands on Adkins' back and said he wanted her to tell Russell to leave.
As the two walked down the hallway, Green pushed Adkins into a bedroom door
or doorjamb. The impact caused a cut above her right eyebrow which began to bleed.
Green then allowed Adkins to wash the blood off in the bathroom. After Adkins washed
her face, Green pushed her into the bedroom where Russell was sleeping. Adkins saw a
knife on the bedroom floor, woke up Russell, asked him about the knife, and told him he
had to leave. Russell seemed disoriented but was able to stand up on his own. The three
then left the bedroom: Russell first, then Adkins, and then Green. Russell and Green were
arguing back and forth about the cut on Adkins' face and the fact that Russell had brought
a knife into the bedroom. Adkins put herself between the two men, with a hand on each
man's chest, trying to keep them apart. At one point, Adkins told Russell to get into her
car, so he left the house. She told Green she would take Russell home and then come
back to talk with him about what had happened.
Before Adkins could take Russell home, however, Russell came back into the
house with a broomstick-like stick, and Green and Russell again started to argue. Adkins
5
testified that Russell merely held the stick in his hands and did not swing the stick during
the altercation. Russell testified that he went back into the house with the stick because he
could hear Adkins and Green arguing. Russell stated the altercation escalated after he saw
the blood on Adkins and he realized that something serious had happened between
Adkins and Green.
During the second altercation, the three moved from the hallway to the living and
dining room area. At one point, Green pushed Adkins away and she landed on the couch.
According to Adkins, Green went after Russell holding a bottle in one hand and a knife in
the other. Adkins did not know when Green picked up the knife. Adkins testified that
Green picked up Russell and threw him into the wall, punched Russell with his fist, and
then hit him across the face with the bottle. The impact of the bottle knocked Russell out
and caused him to bleed. On cross-examination, Adkins confirmed that she knew Green
hit Russell with the bottle but was not sure whether Green had hit Russell with his left
hand first. Adkins had to pull Green off Russell and told him to stop. Green walked out a
few moments later but then returned and shouted at Russell, "Why shouldn't I?" while
holding the knife in his hand. Green then stabbed the wall with the knife, breaking the
knife and leaving about a 2-inch hole in the wall.
Green then walked outside, and Adkins told Russell to call 911 because her phone
had been broken during the altercation. Adkins heard Russell ask for help from 911, but
he must have disconnected or hung up because she heard the 911 dispatcher call the
phone back a short time later. Green came back into the house, and Adkins and Green
started talking. Adkins could tell Green was still angry, and Green kept looking out the
front door. At some point Russell left the house through the back door. Adkins testified
that she thought Green realized that someone had called 911 because the police started
shining lights on the houses on Adkins' street. Green then left through the back door.
6
Russell admitted that he was intoxicated and had trouble remembering the night of
the incident, but he testified that he did not point the knife or strike at Green and that he
initially grabbed the knife to protect himself. Russell acknowledged that he was
argumentative with Green but testified that he did not lunge towards Green. Russell
stated that at some point during the night Green hit him with the bottle of whiskey and
the next thing he knew he was on the ground. Russell said he lost consciousness, but he
came to lying on his stomach and saw a pool of blood near his face. After he came to—he
only remembered bits and pieces—he could hear Adkins and Green fighting and Adkins
pleading with Green not to hit Russell again. Russell remembered calling 911 and then
leaving the house through the back door.
Officer Kyle Tonniges of the Salina Police Department was sent to investigate a
911 hang up in the area of Fourth Street. Tonniges was provided with a few different
addresses from dispatch, but when he got to Fourth Street he decided to approach the
only house with its lights on and the front door open. Upon approaching the front of the
house, Tonniges observed a black male, later identified as Green, running through the
backyard toward a nearby high school. Tonniges went to the front door of the house and
saw Adkins through the storm door. He observed her sitting on a couch and noticed that
she had blood on her face and shirt. Tonniges testified that when he spoke to Adkins he
believed that she had been drinking based on her bloodshot, watery eyes and the odor of
alcohol.
Adkins testified that she did not remember a lot of what she said to Tonniges and
described herself as shocked and devastated during the conversation. Tonniges video
recorded the statement Adkins provided to police that night. Specifically, Adkins told
Tonniges that the altercation between Green and Russell started when Russell walked
into the home with the stick in a combative manner. Adkins also stated that Green used a
bottle to hit Russell in the face. Finally, Adkins provided a written statement to police
that night that Green hit Russell with either a bottle or his fist. Tonniges collected a
7
broken knife that was lying on Adkins' living room floor as evidence and described the
knife as a kitchen knife about 10 inches in length with the blade broken off at the handle.
Tonniges stated that the knife was about 5 feet from a hole in the living room wall and
next to where Adkins described Russell as lying.
Adkins testified that she tried to look for Russell after the police and EMS left her
house early the next morning and then went to a friend's house. Russell testified that he
returned to Adkins' house in the early morning hours and found the door either broken or
unlocked. He did not believe anyone else was in the house, and he went to sleep on the
couch. Later that morning, Adkins contacted the police to check on her home because she
was scared Green was there. When Adkins got to her house, she saw police officers in her
front yard. She allowed the officers into her home, and they found that Green was inside.
Adkins only went inside the home once the officers removed Green.
The State admitted a video recording from Officer Christopher Venables' body
camera showing his interactions with Green, Adkins, and Russell on September 20, 2015.
In the video, Adkins opens the front door to let the officers inside, and Venables requests
that Green come to the front door. Venables then walks into the house and finds Green in
the hallway leading to the bedrooms. Venables handcuffs Green in the front room, and
Green tells Russell—who is lying on a couch in that room—to tell the police that he tried
to stab him the night before. Green told the police that he had come to the house to get his
stuff but did not come to the door that morning because he had just woken up. The video
then shows Venables and Green talking outside the house on the front lawn, and Green
tells the officers that he came over that morning to get his stuff. He said that he did not
initially come to the front door because he was putting his clothes on. Venables asks
Green how Adkins received the injury to her eye, and Green stated that she must have
gotten it when she tried to stop Russell and him from fighting.
8
Venables testified at trial that he understood Green's statement about why he went
over to Adkins' house the night before as Green went to pick up some of his things and
Russell and Adkins attacked him. Venables stated that Green did not provide any further
details other than Russell pulled out a knife. In the video, Russell states that Green came
over the night before and they were all drinking, and then Green came swinging at him.
Russell claims he grabbed a knife, not to stab Green but to protect himself and his cousin.
Officer Matthew Steffen was one of the officers who arrived at Adkins' home the
following morning. Steffen spoke with Russell and was worried that Russell had a head
injury based on the swelling to the left side of his face, but Russell refused medical
treatment. A few days later, Russell went to the emergency room because he was having
trouble eating and had numbness and pain in his jaw. Dr. Venkata Katasani treated
Russell that day and testified that Russell said he was hit several times in the face with a
fist or a bottle and that he lost consciousness from the injury. Dr. Katasani also testified
that Russell told him he was suffering from headaches, nausea, and pain on the left side
of his face and neck. Russell rated his pain as 9 out of 10. Dr. Katasani ordered CT scans
and x-rays of Russell's head, facial bones, and neck area. Dr. Patrik Leonard, a
radiologist, reviewed the results of Russell's scans and determined that he had recently
suffered four fractures to his face, and that such injuries required a fair amount of force.
Dr. Leonard testified that a fist could cause such an injury.
Based on Dr. Leonard's assessment, Dr. Katasani referred Russell to Dr. David
Hendrick—an ear, nose, and throat doctor—who determined that Russell did not need
surgery but advised him to stay on a soft-foods diet for two weeks. Russell was
prescribed some pain medication and renewed his pain medication prescriptions at a later
date because he was still feeling significant pain. In fact, at the trial held in May 2016,
Russell testified he still had some pain when he chews food and that he now tends to
chew on the other side of his mouth. Russell also testified that his eye socket does not
9
look the same as it did before the incident and that he still feels numbness in his jaw and
eye.
Following the trial, the State amended its complaint and charged Green with one
count each of aggravated battery against Adkins and Russell in violation of K.S.A. 2015
Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C); one count of criminal damage to property in violation of K.S.A.
2015 Supp. 21-5813(a)(1), (c)(3); one count of violation of a protective order in violation
of K.S.A. 2015 Supp. 21-5924(a)(4); and one count of simple battery against Adkins in
violation of K.S.A. 2015 Supp. 21-5413(a)(1).
At the close of the evidence, Green requested and the district court permitted a
self-defense jury instruction over the State's objection. The district court instructed the
jury on each charge and provided a jury instruction on the lesser included offense of
simple battery for the two counts of knowing aggravated battery against Adkins and
Russell. Green did not request a lesser included offense jury instruction for reckless
aggravated battery.
The jury found Green guilty of one count of aggravated battery against Russell;
two counts of simple battery against Adkins; one count of criminal damage to property;
and one count of a violation of a protective order. The district court sentenced Green to
32 months in prison.
Green timely appeals.
DID THE DISTRICT COURT ERRONEOUSLY INSTRUCT THE JURY?
Green first argues the district court committed three jury instruction errors by (1)
providing an erroneous jury instruction on knowing aggravated battery; (2) not
instructing on the lesser included offense of reckless aggravated battery; and (3)
10
providing a burden of proof jury instruction that did not instruct the jury on its power of
nullification.
We review jury instructional errors under a four-step approach:
"'"(1) First, the appellate court should consider the reviewability of the issue from both
jurisdiction and preservation viewpoints, exercising an unlimited standard of review; (2)
next, the court should use an unlimited review to determine whether the instruction was
legally appropriate; (3) then, the court should determine whether there was sufficient
evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to the defendant or the requesting party, that
would have supported the instruction; and (4) finally, if the district court erred, the
appellate court must determine whether the error was harmless, utilizing the test and
degree of certainty set forth in State v. Ward, 292 Kan. 541, 256 P.3d 801 (2011), cert.
denied 132 S. Ct. 1594 (2012)."' [Citation omitted.]" State v. Fisher, 304 Kan. 242, 256-
57, 373 P.3d 781 (2016).
A. Did the district court err in instructing the jury on knowing aggravated battery?
Green first argues the district court erroneously instructed the jury on the charge of
knowing aggravated battery against Russell. Specifically, Green complains the jury
instruction was not legally appropriate as it did not clearly state that the physical contact
had to be done "in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be
inflicted." The State counters that Green did not object to the jury instruction.
Because the State is correct, we review Green's allegation of error under the
clearly erroneous standard. See K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-3414(3); State v. Brown, 306 Kan.
1145, 1164, 401 P.3d 611 (2017). The clearly erroneous standard is a two-step review
that requires us to "first determine whether the instructions were legally and factually
appropriate, employing an unlimited review of the entire record. If error is found, 'the
11
defendant must firmly convince the court the jury would have reached a different result
without the error.' [Citations omitted.]" 306 Kan. at 1164.
Green does not contest that the jury instruction on knowing aggravated battery was
factually appropriate. Therefore, we limit our examination to its legal appropriateness.
For a jury instruction to be legally appropriate, it "'must always fairly and accurately state
the applicable law.'" State v. Kleypas, 305 Kan. 224, 302, 382 P.3d 373 (2016), cert.
denied 137 S. Ct. 1381 (2017). As evaluating Green's argument requires us to interpret
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C), the version of knowing aggravated battery under
which Green was charged, our review is unlimited. See State v. Collins, 303 Kan. 472,
473-74, 362 P.3d 1098 (2015).
"'The most fundamental rule of statutory construction is that the intent of the
legislature governs if that intent can be ascertained. [Citation omitted.]'" State v. Jordan,
303 Kan. 1017, 1019, 370 P.3d 417 (2016).
"'While criminal statutes are generally strictly construed against the State, . . . judicial
interpretation must be reasonable and sensible to effectuate the legislative design and the
true intent of the law.'
"'. . . When a statute is plain and unambiguous, an appellate court does not
speculate as to the legislative intent behind it and will not read into the statute something
not readily found in it.'" State v. Barlow, 303 Kan. 804, 813, 368 P.3d 331 (2016).
"[W]hen construing statutes to determine legislative intent, appellate courts must
consider various provisions of an act in pari materia, with a view toward reconciling and
bringing the provisions into workable harmony if possible." State v. Keel, 302 Kan. 560,
573-74, 357 P.3d 251 (2015) (citing State v. Coman, 294 Kan. 84, 93, 273 P.3d 701
[2012]), cert. denied 136 S. Ct. 865 (2016).
12
In order for the jury to find Green guilty of aggravated battery against Russell, the
State had to prove that Green "knowingly caused physical contact with [Russell] when
done in a rude, insulting or angry manner with a deadly weapon, or in any manner
whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death could be inflicted." See K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). The pattern instruction for aggravated battery, PIK Crim. 4th
54.310 (2016 Supp.), lists the relevant elements of knowing aggravated battery as
follows:
"The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with insert name (in a rude,
insulting or angry manner with a deadly weapon) (in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted)."
The written aggravated battery jury instruction given to the jury read:
"The defendant is charged in Count 2 with aggravated battery. The defendant
pleads not guilty.
"To establish this charge, each of the following claims must be proved:
1. The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with William Joseph Russell in a
rude, insulting or angry manner in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or
death can be inflicted." (Emphasis added.)
When reading the jury instructions to the jury, the district court read the instruction as:
"The defendant is charged in Count 2 with aggravated battery. The defendant
pleads not guilty. To establish this charge, each of the following claims must be proved:
One, the defendant knowingly caused physical contact with William Joseph Russell in a
rude, insulting or angry manner and any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement or death can be inflicted." (Emphasis added.)
13
Green specifically argues the district court improperly combined the options "rude,
insulting or angry manner with a deadly weapon" with "in any manner whereby great
bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted" by leaving out the phrase "with a
deadly weapon," thus making the jury instruction legally inappropriate. At first blush,
Green's argument appears to have merit as his argument tracks with the wording of PIK
Crim. 4th 54.310. While district courts are not required to use PIK instructions, our
Supreme Court "strongly recommend[s] the use of PIK instructions [for] accuracy,
clarity, and uniformity [of] jury instructions." State v. Barber, 302 Kan. 367, 377-78, 353
P.3d 1108 (2015).
The State counters, relying upon State v. Ultreras, 296 Kan. 828, 295 P.3d 1020
(2013), that the district court's knowing aggravated battery jury instruction was legally
appropriate despite its exclusion of the phrase "with a deadly weapon." In Ultreras, the
defendant argued, in relevant part, that K.S.A. 21-3414(a)(2)(B) (now codified as K.S.A.
2017 Supp. 21-5413[b][2][B])—reckless aggravated battery—created an alternative
means issue. The statute provided that reckless aggravated battery is "recklessly causing
bodily harm to [the victim] with a deadly weapon, or in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement, or death could be inflicted." 296 Kan. at 853. Ultreras argued on
appeal that "these circumstances state two alternatives—one through the phrase 'with a
deadly weapon' and a second through the phrase 'in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted.'" 296 Kan. at 853.
The Ultreras court rejected his argument:
"The initial appeal of this argument evaporates in light of the fact that the phrase
'causing bodily harm to another person with a deadly weapon' is synonymous with the
phrase 'causing bodily harm to another person . . . in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted.' The equivalency of the two phrases is
revealed in the manner in which this court has defined 'deadly weapon.' For example, in
State v. Hanks, 236 Kan. 524, 537, 694 P.2d 407 (1985), superseded by statute on other
14
grounds as stated in State v. Borthwick, 255 Kan. 899, 916, 880 P.2d 1261 (1994), this
court, in the context of an aggravated battery case, defined a deadly weapon as 'an
instrument which, from the manner in which it is used, is calculated or likely to produce
death or serious bodily injury.' In other words, a deadly weapon is an instrument that can
inflict death or great bodily harm, which includes disfigurement. Thus, the phrase 'with a
deadly weapon' describes a factual circumstance that proves bodily harm was caused in a
'manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted' and, as such,
is an option within a means rather than an alternative means. [Citation omitted.]" 296
Kan. at 853-54.
We agree with the State that Ultreras is applicable here. Consistent with Ultreras,
the pattern instruction for reckless aggravated battery charged in Ultreras (K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413[b][2][B]) properly groups the phrases: "The defendant recklessly caused
bodily harm to insert name (with a deadly weapon) (in any manner whereby great bodily
harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted)" because those phrases are synonymous
with each other. PIK Crim. 4th 54.310.
We suspect the confusion arises in how PIK Crim. 4th 54.310 phrases the
elements of the particular version of knowing aggravated battery charged in this case. In
our view, the pattern instruction that corresponds to K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C)
incorrectly groups the phrase "with a deadly weapon" with the prior phrase "in a rude,
insulting or angry manner." The pattern instruction reads: "The defendant knowingly
caused physical contact with insert name (in a rude, insulting or angry manner with a
deadly weapon) (in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can
be inflicted)." PIK Crim. 4th 54.310. A comparison with simple battery helps illustrate
the point.
One version of simple battery requires that the defendant knowingly caused
physical contact with another person in a rude, insulting, or angry manner. See K.S.A.
2017 Supp. 21-5413(a)(2). The corresponding PIK instructs: "The defendant knowingly
15
caused physical contact with insert name in a rude, insulting or angry manner." PIK
Crim. 4th 54.300 (2016 Supp.). This type of battery becomes aggravated when it is
committed "with a deadly weapon" or "in any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement or death can be inflicted." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). This is the
same version of aggravated battery charged here. Ultreras instructs us that these phrases
are synonymous, which means they can be substituted for each other. Therefore, the
relevant pattern instruction for this type of aggravated battery should be phrased as
follows: "The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with insert name in a rude,
insulting or angry manner (with a deadly weapon) (and in any manner whereby great
bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted)." Note we have added, like the
district court did orally, the word "and" to the latter phrase to make it both grammatically
and legally correct. See State v. Salts, 288 Kan. 263, 266-67, 200 P.3d 464 (2009) (PIK
modified to make instruction legally appropriate). Stated another way, the jury should be
instructed either one of two ways:
(1) "The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with insert name in a
rude, insulting or angry manner with a deadly weapon."
or
(2) "The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with insert name in a
rude, insulting or angry manner and in any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement or death can be inflicted."
A side-by-side comparison of the battery statute and the corresponding pattern
instructions may be helpful:
16
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(a)
Battery is: PIK Crim. 4th 54.300
(1) knowingly or recklessly causing great The defendant (knowingly) (recklessly)
bodily harm to another person. caused bodily harm to insert name.
(2) knowingly causing physical contact The defendant knowingly caused physical
with another person when done in a rude, contact with insert name in a rude, insulting
insulting or angry manner. or angry manner.
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)
Aggravated battery is: PIK Crim. 4th 54.310
(1)(A) knowingly causing great bodily The defendant knowingly caused (great
harm to another person or disfigurement of bodily harm to) (disfigurement of) insert
another person. name.
(1)(B) knowingly causing bodily harm to The defendant knowingly caused bodily
another person with a deadly weapon, or in harm to insert name (with a deadly weapon)
any manner whereby great bodily harm, (in any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement or death can be inflicted. disfigurement or death can be inflicted).
(1)(C) knowingly causing physical contact The defendant knowingly caused physical
with another person when done in a rude, contact with insert name (in a rude,
insulting or angry manner with a deadly insulting or angry manner with a deadly
weapon, or in any manner whereby great weapon) (in any manner whereby great
bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be
inflicted. inflicted).
(2)(A) recklessly causing great bodily The defendant recklessly caused (great
harm to another person or disfigurement of bodily harm to) (disfigurement of) insert
another person. name.
(2)(B) recklessly causing bodily harm to The defendant recklessly caused bodily
another person with a deadly weapon, or in harm to insert name (with a deadly weapon)
any manner whereby great bodily harm, (in any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement or death can be inflicted. disfigurement or death can be inflicted).
Of particular note is that the PIK Crim. 4th 54.310 instructions for knowing aggravated
battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(B) and reckless aggravated battery under
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) also groups the phrases "with a deadly weapon" and
"in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted"
similarly as we have proposed.
17
Accordingly, the PIK Committee should modify PIK Crim. 4th 54.310 so the
instruction matches the definition of knowing aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). The instruction should read:
"The defendant is charged with aggravated battery. The defendant pleads not
guilty.
"To establish this charge, each of the following claims must be proved:
....
1. The defendant knowingly caused physical contact with insert name in a
rude, insulting or angry manner (with a deadly weapon) (and in any manner whereby
great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted).
....
2. This act occurred on or about the ___ day of __________, ____, in
_______ County, Kansas.
"[A 'deadly weapon' is an instrument which, from the manner in which it is used,
is calculated or likely to produce death or serious bodily injury.]"
Such wording also conforms the language of the pattern instruction to Ultreras and
harmonizes it with the pattern instructions for the other versions of knowing aggravated
battery, reckless aggravated battery, and simple battery.
When applying our analysis to the actual jury instruction given by the district
court, we find no error. While the district court did not precisely follow PIK Crim. 4th
54.310, the jury instruction nevertheless fairly and accurately stated the crime of
aggravated battery as contained in K.S.A. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). The phrase "with a deadly
weapon" did not need to be included as it is synonymous with the included phrase "in any
manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be inflicted." See
Ultreras, 296 Kan. at 853. The district court did not commit clear error by instructing the
jury on knowing aggravated battery as the jury instruction was legally appropriate.
18
B. Did the district court err in failing to instruct the jury on the lesser included
offense of reckless aggravated battery?
Next, Green argues that some evidence at trial supported a jury instruction on the
lesser included offense of reckless aggravated battery. But like the jury instruction on
knowing aggravated battery, Green did not request the jury instruction or object to the
district court's failure to include a jury instruction on reckless aggravated battery.
Accordingly, Green must show clear error in the district court's failure to so instruct. See
State v. Cameron, 300 Kan. 384, 389, 329 P.3d 1158, cert. denied 135 S. Ct. 728 (2014).
As previously stated, to show clear error, an instruction on reckless aggravated battery
had to be both legally and factually appropriate, and Green must firmly convince us that
the jury would have reached a different result without the error. See Brown, 306 Kan. at
1164.
1. Was a reckless aggravated battery jury instruction legally appropriate?
Green argues that reckless aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-
5413(b)(2)(B), a severity level 8 person felony, is a lesser included offense of knowing
aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(B), a severity level 7 person
felony, because only the degree of mental culpability differentiates the two crimes. The
State readily agrees that severity level 8 reckless aggravated battery is a lesser included
offense of severity level 7 knowing aggravated battery. While we agree that reckless
aggravated battery is a lesser included offense of knowing aggravated battery under
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C), the crime charged, an explanation is required.
A lesser included crime is, in relevant part, "[a] lesser degree of the same crime"
or "a crime where all elements of the lesser crime are identical to some of the elements of
the crime charged[.]" K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5109(b)(1), (2). A district court is required to
19
instruct on any lesser included crime when some evidence supports the crime. State v.
Gatlin, 292 Kan. 372, 376, 253 P.3d 357 (2011).
Distracting us from the core of Green's argument is his assertion that reckless
aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) is a lesser included
offense of knowing aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(B).
However, Green was charged with knowing aggravated battery contained in K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). Summarized, there are three types of knowing aggravated
battery:
1) knowingly causing great bodily harm or disfigurement under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. (b)(1)(A);
2) knowingly causing bodily harm with a deadly weapon or in any manner
where great bodily harm, disfigurement, or death can be inflicted under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(B); and
3) knowingly causing physical contact when done in a rude, insulting, or angry
manner with a deadly weapon or in any manner whereby great bodily harm,
disfigurement, or death could be inflicted under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C).
There are also two corresponding versions of reckless aggravated battery:
1) recklessly causing great bodily harm or disfigurement under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(A), and
2) recklessly causing bodily harm with a deadly weapon or in any manner
where great bodily harm, disfigurement, or death can be inflicted under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B).
20
While Green claims that the bodily harm version of reckless aggravated battery is
a lesser included offense of the bodily harm version of knowing aggravated battery, what
Green is really asking us to find is that the bodily harm version of reckless aggravated
battery is also a lesser included offense for the physical contact version of knowing
aggravated battery. This is problematic because the elements are so dissimilar, contrary to
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5109(b)(2). The mens rea element—knowing versus reckless—
does not match. Compare K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C) (knowing aggravated
battery) with K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) (reckless aggravated battery); see also
State v. Bernhardt, 304 Kan. 460, 474, 372 P.3d 1161 (2016) ("[R]eckless second-degree
murder is not a lesser included offense of intentional second-degree murder . . . [b]ecause
they have different mens rea requirements[.]"). Nor does part of the actus rea element
match, as the version of knowing aggravated battery with which Green was charged
merely requires, in part, physical contact, while the offense which Green claims is a
lesser included offense, reckless aggravated battery, requires, in part, bodily harm.
Compare K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C) (caused physical contact) with K.S.A.
2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) (caused bodily harm).
This notwithstanding, bodily harm reckless aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017
Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B) qualifies as a lesser included offense of physical contact knowing
aggravated battery under K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C) because it is a "lesser
degree of the same crime." See K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5109(b)(1). Green was charged
with physical contact knowing aggravated battery, which is a severity level 7 person
felony, while bodily harm reckless aggravated battery is a severity level 8 person felony.
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(g)(2)(B); (g)(2)(D). Because a severity level 8 aggravated
battery is a lesser degree of the same crime as a severity level 7 aggravated battery, due to
the fact that the higher the severity level of the crime the lower the sentence, severity
level 8 reckless aggravated battery is a lesser included offense of severity level 7
knowing aggravated battery. See State v. McCarley, 287 Kan. 167, 177-78, 195 P.3d 230
(2008) (finding severity level 5 and 8 aggravated battery crimes are lesser degrees of
21
severity level 4 aggravated battery). Therefore, it would have been legally appropriate for
the district court to include such a lesser included jury instruction.
2. Was a reckless aggravated battery jury instruction factually appropriate?
To analyze whether the instruction was factually appropriate, we begin with
direction from K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-3414(3): "In cases where there is some evidence
which would reasonably justify a conviction of some lesser included crime as provided in
subsection (b) of K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5109, and amendments thereto, the judge shall
instruct the jury as to the crime charged and any such lesser included crime." The Kansas
Supreme Court has held:
"[L]esser included offense instructions must be given when there is some
evidence, emanating from whatever source and proffered by whichever party, that would
reasonably justify a conviction of some lesser included crime. . . . To determine whether
a lesser included offense instruction should have been given, this court views the
evidence in a light most favorable to the defendant. [Citations omitted.]" State v.
Rodriguez, 295 Kan. 1146, 1152, 289 P.3d 85 (2012).
But a district court does not err in failing "to give a lesser included offense instruction on
a crime which is unsupported by the evidence in that particular case." State v. Plummer,
295 Kan. 156, 161, 283 P.3d 202 (2012).
Green first argues that some evidence supports the lesser included offense jury
instruction for reckless aggravated battery because under the statutory provision of
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(c), the same evidence that established a knowing mental
state also establishes "some evidence" of a reckless mental state. K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-
5202(c) states:
22
"Proof of a higher degree of culpability than that charged constitutes proof of the
culpability charged. If recklessness suffices to establish an element, that element also is
established if a person acts knowingly or intentionally. If acting knowingly suffices to
establish an element, that element also is established if a person acts intentionally."
(Emphasis added.)
But when viewing K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202 as a whole, subsection (a) states:
"[A] culpable mental state is an essential element of every crime defined by this code. A
culpable mental state may be established by proof that the conduct of the accused person
was committed 'intentionally,' 'knowingly' or 'recklessly.'" K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(b)
provides that "[c]ulpable mental states are classified according to relative degrees, from
highest to lowest, as follows: (1) [i]ntentionally; (2) knowingly; (3) recklessly."
Additionally, the statute defines the mental states for knowingly and recklessly:
"(i) A person acts 'knowingly,' or 'with knowledge,' . . . when such person is aware
of the nature of such person's conduct or that the circumstances exist [and] when such
person is aware that such person's conduct is reasonably certain to cause the result. . . .
"(j) A person acts 'recklessly' or is 'reckless,' when such person consciously
disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk that circumstances exist or that a result will
follow, and such disregard constitutes a gross deviation from the standard of care which a
reasonable person would exercise in the situation." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202.
The plain language of the first sentence in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(c) states:
"Proof of a higher degree of culpability than that charged constitutes proof of the
culpability charged." (Emphasis added.) Thus, K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(c) applies to
satisfy the proof of a culpability element of a crime charged against the defendant.
According to K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(a)-(c), the State here satisfied the knowingly
element in the knowing aggravated battery charges by proving the defendant intentionally
committed the aggravated batteries.
23
One panel of this court has found that the culpability provision does not apply to
lesser included offenses under the plain language of the statute. In State v. Younger, No.
116,441, 2018 WL 911414 (Kan. App. 2018) (unpublished opinion), petition for rev. filed
March 19, 2018, the State charged Younger with intentional second-degree murder. The
jury was instructed on two lesser included offenses for voluntary manslaughter and
involuntary manslaughter. On appeal, Younger asserted that the district court erred in
failing to instruct the jury to consider the voluntary manslaughter charge at the same time
as the intentional second-degree murder charge, rather than sequentially as a lesser
included offense. Younger's argument relied, in part, on finding that the culpability
provision under K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5202(c) applies to lesser included offenses. The
panel rejected this interpretation upon finding "the plain language of subsection (c)
indicates it only applies to crimes charged." 2018 WL 911414, at *19. Green's
interpretation of K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(c) as applied to lesser included offenses also
would tend to cause any lesser included offense with a lower culpable mental state than
the crime charged to become factually appropriate regardless of whether the facts or the
evidence support the applicable mental state and despite the differences in the culpable
mental state definitions. Compare K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(i) with (j). Therefore, we
reject Green's claim that evidence of knowing conduct also amounts to some evidence of
reckless conduct.
The State argues that the district court did not err in failing to instruct the jury on
the lesser included offense of reckless aggravated battery because Green asserted a claim
of self-defense. But "'[t]he court's duty to instruct on lesser included crimes is not
foreclosed or excused just because the lesser included crime may be inconsistent with the
defendant's theory of defense.' Simmons, 283 P.3d 212, Syl. ¶ 3." Rodriguez, 295 Kan. at
1152. Moreover, our Supreme Court has held "that the evidence which would support a
conviction on a lesser included crime is not restricted to that which was proffered by the
defense, but rather it can include evidence presented by the State, as well." State v.
Simmons, 295 Kan. 171, 176, 283 P.3d 212 (2012).
24
Green's additional argument in favor of a reckless aggravated battery jury
instruction is that his intoxication that night establishes some evidence that a jury could
reasonably find that his acts against Russell were reckless because he could not form a
knowing intent.
To justify a lesser included jury instruction on reckless aggravated battery under
K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(2)(B), there must be some evidence that Green committed
aggravated battery by "recklessly causing bodily harm to another person with a deadly
weapon, or in any manner whereby great bodily harm, disfigurement or death can be
inflicted." A person acts recklessly if that person "consciously disregards a substantial
and unjustifiable risk that circumstances exist or that a result will follow, and such
disregard constitutes a gross deviation from the standard of care which a reasonable
person would exercise in the situation." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(j).
When viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to Green, there was little
evidence presented at trial establishing that Green's intoxication caused him to act
recklessly or prevented a knowing intent. Testimony from Russell and Adkins provided
that Green drank alcohol that night. This evidence does not necessarily support a finding
that Green's intoxication impacted his ability to form a knowing intent or to act
recklessly; rather, it is unclear how intoxicated Green was or whether his intoxication
affected his intent. Moreover, Green did not testify or put on evidence.
More importantly, the evidence shows instead that Green acted knowingly or
intentionally. The State had to prove that Green knowingly hit Russell or was "reasonably
certain" that his physical contact would result in great bodily harm, disfigurement, or
death. K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5202(i); K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5413(b)(1)(C). Here, Adkins
testified that before Green hit Russell, Green had led her from the outside of the house
into her bedroom in order for her to tell Russell to leave. After she complied, Green went
after Russell when Russell reentered the living room with a stick. Adkins' testimony and
25
prior statements indicate Green either hit Russell with his fist first and then hit Russell
with a bottle or Green only hit Russell with a bottle. Russell testified that he was hit with
a bottle of whiskey in the face and lost consciousness. Adkins testified that Green left but
then came back and went after Russell again when Russell was on the ground and
shouted something along the lines of, "Why shouldn't I?" Russell testified that he could
hear Adkins pleading with Green to stop after he was on the ground. This evidence does
not support a finding that Green acted recklessly.
However, we can consider whether Green's counsel's closing argument supports a
reckless aggravated battery jury instruction. See State v. Davis, No. 115,566, 2017 WL
3324693, at *4 (Kan. App. 2017) (unpublished opinion), rev. denied 307 Kan. ___
(February 26, 2018). In closing argument, defense counsel stated that the jury should
consider: (1) Russell's and Adkins' inconsistent statements; (2) Green's failure to deny
hitting Russell and Adkins and his assertion he hit them in self-defense; (3) the State's
failure to charge Green with aggravated battery with a deadly weapon; and (4) convicting
Green of committing simple battery. Notably, counsel did not argue or allude to Green's
level of intoxication as affecting his ability to form a knowing intent or causing him to act
in a reckless manner towards Russell. Defense counsel also did not argue that Green
merely acted recklessly, regardless of his intoxication. Instead, defense counsel argued
Green either committed the battery in self-defense or he committed simple battery.
In sum, when considering the evidence and closing arguments, the jury was left
with the options of finding that Green knowingly committed aggravated battery, acted in
self-defense, or committed simple battery. See 2017 WL 3324693, at *4; see also Horne,
2015 WL 6832956, at *6 ("Horne did not argue the theory of reckless conduct at trial.
The evidence left the jury with the following options—Horne shot Cargile intentionally
or the gun discharged accidentally."). Accordingly, a lesser included instruction on
reckless aggravated battery was not factually appropriate, and the district court did not err
in failing to give it.
26
Finally, even if we assume the district court erred in failing to give a lesser
included instruction on reckless aggravated battery, Green fails to firmly convince us that
the jury would have reached a different verdict had the instruction been given for the
reasons we have just outlined above. "'[W]hen a lesser included offense has been the
subject of an instruction, and the jury convicts of the greater offense, error resulting from
failure to give an instruction on another still lesser included offense is cured.'" State v.
Carter, 305 Kan. 139, 163, 380 P.3d 189 (2016). The district court instructed the jury on
the lesser included offense of simple battery, yet the jury found Green guilty as charged
on knowing aggravated battery. There was no clear error.
C. Did the district court err in giving a burden of proof jury instruction that did not
properly instruct the jury on its power of nullification?
Green next argues that the district court discouraged the jury from exercising its
power of nullification by using the PIK Crim. 4th 51.010 burden of proof jury instruction.
The State argues that Green invited any error because he proposed the burden of proof
jury instruction ultimately given by the district court.
"Generally, a defendant cannot complain on appeal about a claimed error that was
invited." State v. Sasser, 305 Kan. 1231, 1235, 391 P.3d 698 (2017). "The invited error
doctrine applies only when the party fails to object and invites the error, unless the error
is structural." State v. Logsdon, 304 Kan. 3, 31, 371 P.3d 836 (2016). Our Supreme Court
has stated that the doctrine almost certainly applies "when a defendant actively pursues
what is later argued to be error," such as when the defendant submits a proposed jury
instruction. Sasser, 305 Kan. at 1236. But see State v. Clay, 300 Kan. 401, 410, 329 P.3d
484 (2014) (finding error not invited if unclear from record who proposed jury
instruction). We find that any error in the burden of proof jury instruction was invited by
Green because he not only failed to object to the jury instruction, but he also submitted
the jury instruction which he now argues was erroneous.
27
Even if we assume that Green did not invite any error, "[a] party cannot claim
instructional error unless he or she either objects to the error or the error is determined to
be clearly erroneous." State v. Allen, 52 Kan. App. 2d 729, 733, 372 P.3d 432 (2016).
Because Green did not object to the burden of proof jury instruction, we may reverse only
if Green convinces us "'the jury would have reached a different result without the error.'
[Citation omitted.]" Brown, 306 Kan. at 1164.
Green does not contest whether the jury instruction was factually appropriate but
argues that the burden of proof jury instruction was legally inappropriate because it did
not properly advise the jury on its power of nullification. Kansas law has consistently
held that
"criminal defendants are not entitled to have the jury instructed on its inherent power of
nullification—the power to disregard the rules of law and evidence in order to acquit the
defendant based upon the jurors' sympathies, notions of right and wrong, or a desire to
send a message on some social issue." Allen, 52 Kan. App. 2d at 734.
"It is not the role of the jury to rewrite clearly intended legislation, nor is it the role of the
courts to instruct the jury that it may ignore the rule of law, no matter how draconian it
might be." State v. Naputi, 293 Kan. 55, 66, 260 P.3d 86 (2011).
In State v. Smith-Parker, 301 Kan. 132, 163, 340 P.3d 485 (2014), however, the
Kansas Supreme Court found the following jury instruction amounted to error: "'If you do
not have a reasonable doubt from all the evidence that the State has proven murder in the
first degree on either or both theories, then you will enter a verdict of guilty.'" (Emphasis
added.) While the Smith-Parker court acknowledged it had "rejected a defense argument
that a criminal jury should be instructed on its inherent power of nullification, . . . the
district judge's instruction in this case went too far in the other direction. It essentially
forbade the jury from exercising its power of nullification. [Citations omitted.]" 301 Kan.
28
at 164. The Supreme Court determined that the word "will" in a burden of proof jury
instruction essentially directed a verdict for the State, and a judge "cannot compel a jury
to convict, even if it finds all elements proved beyond a reasonable doubt." 301 Kan. at
164.
The jury instruction that Green challenges as error mirrors the language in PIK
Crim. 4th 51.010 and reads as follows:
"The State has the burden to prove the defendant is guilty. The defendant is not
required to prove he is not guilty. You must presume that he is not guilty unless you are
convinced from the evidence that he is guilty.
"The test you must use in determining whether the defendant is guilty or not
guilty is this: If you have a reasonable doubt as to the truth of any of the claims required
to be proved by the State, you must find the defendant not guilty. If you have no
reasonable doubt as to the truth of each of the claims to be proved by the State, you
should find the defendant guilty." (Emphasis added.)
Specifically, Green argues that the use of the word "should" in instructing the jury
directs or compels the jury to enter a guilty verdict. Green argues that because "should" is
a synonym of "must" or "shall," then the use of "should" in the jury instruction is error.
This court has consistently found that PIK Crim. 4th 51.010 "'does not upset the
balance between encouraging jury nullification and forbidding it. . . . [U]nlike the words
must, shall, and will, the word should does not express a mandatory, unyielding duty or
obligation; instead, it merely denotes the proper course of action and encourages
following the advised path.' Hastings, 2016 WL 852857, at *4." Allen, 52 Kan. App. 2d
at 735. In State v. Singleton, No. 112,997, 2016 WL 368083, at *6 (Kan. App.)
(unpublished opinion), rev. denied 305 Kan. 1257 (2016), this court further explained:
29
"[A]s every teacher instructing a class knows, and as every parent admonishing a
child knows, should is less of an imperative than must or will. . . . Should as used in this
instruction is not the equivalent of 'must' or 'will' used in the instructions discussed [in
other cases]. Should is advisory. It is not an imperative. The district court did not err in
giving this instruction."
Green argues these decisions are distinguishable because here the prosecutor and
the district court also made comments that further prohibited the jury from exercising its
power of nullification. But the record citations Green provides in support of these alleged
comments either do not relate to his arguments or do not exist in the record on appeal. As
Green presents no other arguments as to why the district court erred in giving this
instruction, we find the burden of proof jury instruction was legally appropriate, and the
district court did not err.
DID THE DISTRICT COURT VIOLATE GREEN'S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AT SENTENCING?
Finally, Green argues the district court violated his constitutional rights under the
Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution as recognized in
Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S. Ct. 2348, 147 L. Ed. 2d 435 (2000), when
it sentenced him without requiring the State to prove his prior convictions or criminal
history to the jury beyond a reasonable doubt. Green concedes that the Kansas Supreme
Court has already decided this issue against him but raises it to preserve the issue for
federal review. See Fisher, 304 Kan. at 264; State v. Ivory, 273 Kan. 44, 45-48, 41 P.3d
781 (2002). Because there is no indication that our Supreme Court is departing from this
position, we are duty bound to follow it. See State v. Hall, 298 Kan. 978, 983, 319 P.3d
506 (2014). The district court properly used Green's criminal history to establish his
sentence.
Affirmed.
30
|
Q:
Basic Combinatorics: How many sequences have at least 3 red balls?
Pick a sequence of 10 balls from a sack containing red, blue, green, yellow, white and black balls. Each time a ball is picked, it is replaced in the sack before the next ball is picked.
a) How many sequences have at least 3 red balls?
b) At least 4 blue balls?
c) exactly 2 black balls AND at least 4 yellow balls?
I don't know where to begin. I believe the total number of sequences is $6^{10}$. For part a) would we choose the first 3 slots out of 5 rather than 6? Overall just very confused.
A:
To make notation easier, I will reword the problem to be about strings of length 10 using the characters A,B,C,D,E,F. (Just replace "A" with red, "B" with blue, etc... to go back to the original wording of the question)
The wording for part (a) is a bit confusing. In my initial interpretation, we are counting the number of ways of picking balls such that in the process of picking them, we see exactly three colors total in any order and any amount (except zero). For example, ABACCCCCAC or DAEEEEEEEE. For part (a), we try to count how many length-10 strings have exactly three letters appearing.
Pick which three letters it is that appear. $\binom{6}{3}$ choices.
Count how many length-10 strings have specifically the letters A,B,C where all letters appear at least once. (The number of length-10 strings that have specifically three other letters will be the same by symmetry) ($\star$)
Multiply these numbers to get the total number of length-10 strings that have exactly three letters appearing.
Actually counting $(\star)$ will require a bit of thought. We approach via Inclusion-Exclusion.
The total number of length-10 strings whose characters are from the alphabet A,B,C will be $3^{10}$ (since for each of the ten positions in the string, we choose one of the characters A,B,C to place in the spot)
The total number of length-10 strings whose characters are from the alphabet A,B,C which do not have any A's will be $2^{10}$. Similarly for those without B's and those without C's
The total number of length-10 strings whose characters are from the alphabet A,B,C which do not have any A's or B's will be $1^{10}$. Similarly for the others.
Let $\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B},\mathcal{C}$ denote the events where the character $A,B,C$ are not present respectively. Let $U$ denote the universal event.
We have by inclusion-exclusion $|\mathcal{A}^c\cap\mathcal{B}^c\cap\mathcal{C}^c|=|U\setminus(\mathcal{A}\cup\mathcal{B}\cup\mathcal{C})|=|U|-|\mathcal{A}|-|\mathcal{B}|-|\mathcal{C}|+|\mathcal{A}\cap\mathcal{B}|+|\mathcal{A}\cap\mathcal{C}|+|\mathcal{B}\cap\mathcal{C}|-|\mathcal{A}\cap\mathcal{B}\cap\mathcal{C}|$
$=3^{10}-3\cdot 2^{10}+3\cdot 1^{10}-0=55980$
So, the number of length-10 strings whose characters come from the alphabet A,B,C,D,E,F where exactly three characters appear in the string are $\binom{6}{3}(3^{10}-3\cdot 2^{10}+3)=1119600$.
Another possible interpretation of part (a) is that you forgot a crucial word. Perhaps the original question was "How many strings have exactly three RED balls." (or some other color)
This question is much easier.
Pick the location of the three red balls. $\binom{10}{3}$
Pick which ball goes in each other position (note that these cannot be red). $5^{7}$
For a total of $\binom{10}{3}\cdot 5^7$ possible sequences.
(I just noticed the title of question reads "at least" instead of "exactly" as it does in the body of the question. For the question of "at least" approach as in part (b) below)
Part (b) is approached similarly to the second interpretation of part (a) with a bit of inclusion-exclusion thrown in.
Let us count how many ways violate this condition. Count how many have less than 4 blue balls. The number with exactly three blue balls will be $\binom{10}{3}\cdot 5^7$ as calculated previously. With exactly two blue balls will be $\binom{10}{2}\cdot 5^8$. Similarly for exactly one and exactly zero blue balls.
There are then a total of $6^{10}-\binom{10}{3}5^7-\binom{10}{2}5^8-\binom{10}{1}5^9-5^{10}$ sequences with at least four blue balls.
Note, we could have approached directly. By approaching indirectly, we save ourselves some arithmetic. Approaching directly, we have $\binom{10}{4}5^6+\binom{10}{5}5^5+\dots+\binom{10}{9}5^1+\binom{10}{10}5^0$. You will see these equal the same thing.
For part (c), approach similarly to part (b). Break it into cases based on the number of yellow balls and add (or subtract from the total). In the case of picking exactly 2 black balls and 5 yellow balls for example,
Pick the location of the black balls $\binom{10}{2}$
Pick the location of the $5$ yellow balls from the remaining available positions $\binom{8}{5}$
For each still remaining position, pick a color other than black or yellow. $4^3$
|
Return Value
Discussion
Matching language support Match on the following properties of the unit: Vendor_ID GUID Unit_Type and available sub-units, match if the device has at least the requested number of a sub-unit type: AVCSubUnit_0 -> AVCSubUnit_1f
Declaration
By default, AVCCommands timeout 10 seconds after receiving an Interim response. This function resets the timeout of the current command to 10 seconds from the current time. Call this repeatedly for AVC commands that take a very long time to execute to prevent premature timeout. |
High heels are often worn by women at social events as well as business events and gatherings. In many instances, women who want to maintain their fashionable attire opt for high heels for a flattering appearance. Prolonged periods of high-heel wearing, however, can lead to many health-related foot issues, including a condition known as bunions. This occurs when the bone on the big toe is pushed toward the second toe and thrown out of alignment. If bunions are allowed to develop, several difficulties can result. In addition to potential pain caused by the structural deformity of the bones and the joint, the misshape of the foot can lead to problems in the purchase of future shoes. Maintaining heels on the foot not only causes health-related issues but it is also very painful on the ball and the heel of the foot due to a lack of support and cushioning.
In anticipation of foot pain caused by heels, some women bring along an extra pair of footwear with them so that they can change out of their heels. However, these extra shoes do not fold and are bulky so they cannot easily be carried in women's handbags for an immediate slip-on. These extra shoes take up enormous space in the bag and are not practical to carry everyday. In other instances, when a change of shoes is not available, some may opt to go barefoot, which is not a very desirable option. Walking barefoot, whether driving or walking or in the office, can be unsafe as well as inappropriate.
Therefore, there is a need for shoes that can be easily reduced in size for storage and carried in a small space, but that can be worn comfortably during various activities throughout the day. |
Q:
Why do I get a "conflicting types for getline" error when compiling the longest line example in chapter 1 of K&R2?
Here is a program I'm trying to run straight from section 1.9 of "The C Programming Language".
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 1000
int getline(char line[], int maxline);
void copy(char to[], char from[]);
main()
{
int len;
int max;
char line[MAXLINE];
char longest[MAXLINE];
max = 0;
while ((len = getline(line, MAXLINE)) > 0)
if (len > max) {
max = len;
copy(longest, line);
}
if (max > 0)
printf("%s", longest);
return 0;
}
int getline(char s[], int lim)
{
int c, i;
for (i=0; i<lim-1 && (c=getchar()) !=EOF && c != '\n'; ++i)
s[i] = c;
if (c == '\n') {
s[i] = c;
++i;
}
s[i] = '\0';
return i;
}
void copy(char to[], char from[])
{
int i;
i = 0;
while ((to[i] = from[i]) != '\0')
++i;
}
Here is the error I get when I try to compile the program using Ubuntu 11.10:
cc word.c -o word
word.c:4:5: error: conflicting types for ‘getline’
/usr/include/stdio.h:671:20: note: previous declaration of ‘getline’ was here
word.c:26:5: error: conflicting types for ‘getline’
/usr/include/stdio.h:671:20: note: previous declaration of ‘getline’ was here
make: *** [word] Error 1
Just to make sure it wasn't a problem with the print in the book, I referenced this set of answers to back of chapter exercises from the book (http://users.powernet.co.uk/eton/kandr2/krx1.html) and I get a similar error when I try to run exercises 18, 19, 20, 21, etc., from that link. It's really hard to learn when I can't run the programs to see how they output. This issue started when introducing character arrays and function calls in one program. I'd appreciate any advice on this issue.
A:
The conflicting function getline() is a GNU/POSIX extension.
K&R state that they address specifically ANSI C in their book (c.f.), which does not provide this function.
The authors present the complete guide to ANSI standard C language programming.
In order set gcc into "K&R compatibility mode" you can specify the ANSI or ISO modes for compilation. These are intended to disable extensions, e.g., the function getline().
This could eventually eliminate the need to edit other examples provided by K&R as well.
For example, the following compile just fine:
$ gcc test.c -ansi
$ gcc test.c -std=c89
(Except that they complain about the implicit default return type of main() with -Wall.)
Apparently on some systems, these modes may not work as presented here (apparently some version(s) of Mac OS fail to correctly disable all extensions). I tested this successfully on my machine:
$ gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.7.2 20121109 (Red Hat 4.7.2-8)
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
A:
The problem is that getline() is a standard library function. (defined in stdio.h) Your function has the same name and is thus clashing with it.
The solution is to simply change the name.
A:
This is because the stdio.h have a getline() function.
So a simple thing to make this work would be to rename your function to my_getline()
Both getline() and getdelim() were originally GNU extensions. They were standardized in POSIX.1-2008.
|
NHRA Saturday Race Report | Gainesville
Mike Edwards accomplished a rare feat Saturday at the Tire Kingdom NHRA Gatornationals when he raced to a Pro Stock victory and a No. 1 qualifying position in the same day at historic Gainesville Raceway.
The defending NHRA world champ powered his Penhall/Interstate Batteries Pontiac GXP to a win in the completion of the weather-delayed NHRA Arizona Nationals and scored his third No. 1 qualifying effort of the season and 25th of his career.
Edwards scored his second win of the season and 22nd of his career by outrunning rookie driver Bob Yonke in the final. It was Yonke’s first final round appearance in his first NHRA start. Edwards posted a winning performance of 6.552 at 211.16, while Yonke trailed with a 6.601 at 209.36 in his Adrenaline Motorsports GXP.
Edwards took the top qualifying spot for the Gatornationals with a 6.537-second run at a speed of 211.56 mph.
"A win’s a win," Edwards said. "I am real thankful. We’ve come here to Gainesville and ran good. We had some changes to the rules and my guys made the changes and we’ve done well. I am real proud of them."
In Top Fuel, Brown powered his Matco Tools dragster to a track-record time of 3.803 at 321.04 to earn his first No. 1 of the season and 22nd of his career (11th in Top Fuel).
"To come out here and do this is definitely a blessing," Brown said. "I just want to take it one step at a time, and being No. 1 qualifier is definitely putting a foot in the right direction, and I’m stoked about that. It feels good to get two solid laps back to back. It’s not just being No. 1; it’s just getting two solid laps back to back because that gives you confidence going into race day where you can go round to round."
Hagan claimed his third Funny Car top qualifying effort with a 4.060 at a track-record speed of 313.58 in his DieHard Dodge Charger.
"First of all, it’s great to snag the No. 1 spot," Hagan said. "I have a little history here [in Gainesville] with the Pro Mod car, and this is big. I knew Tommy [DeLago, crew chief] was going for it because we were already qualified. When the clutch went one-to-one, I knew it was gonna run."
Earlier in the day, Hagan’s Don Schumacher Racing-owned team announced that former John Force Racing crew chief John Medlen had joined his team and would be working alongside DeLago as co-crew chief.
"As for John Medlen, I’m not sure what his impact is yet," Hagan said. "He’s feeling his way through everything. I’m sure he had some input, and I’m sure we’ll see a lot of stuff from him and Tommy. I’m really excited and can’t wait to see what happens tomorrow. We need to put four runs together on race day. We always qualify well, but we need to get that Wally on Sunday."
Stoffer earned her second career No. 1 position in Pro Stock Motorcycle, speeding to a track-record time of 6.855 at 194.77 on her GEICO Powersports Suzuki.
Karen Stoffer Speaks…
"We knew we had a fast bike, and I just had to do my job," Stoffer said. "I was excited that they gave me the performance, and I was able to do my job and put the package together and get that No. 1 back. I’ve had the No. 1 before, but I’ve never had to fight for it like that, so it was pretty cool to be able to do that."
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — First-round pairings for professional eliminations Sunday for the 41st annual NHRA Gatornationals at Gainesville Raceway, the third of 23 events in the NHRA Full Throttle Drag Racing Series. Pairings based on results in qualifying, which ended Saturday. DNQs listed below pairings.
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — Final finish order (1-16) for professional categories from the weather-delayed 26th annual NHRA Arizona Nationals. The race is the second of 23 events in the NHRA Full Throttle Drag Racing Series.
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — Point standings (top 10) for NHRA professional categories following the weather-delayed 26th annual NHRA Arizona Nationals, the second of 23 events in the NHRA Full Throttle Drag Racing Series - |
Gabriel Lalemant
Saint Gabriel Lalemant (October 3, 1610, Paris, France – March 17, 1649, Saint Ignace, Ontario) was a Jesuit missionary in New France beginning in 1646. Caught up in warfare between the Huron and nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, he was killed in St. Ignace by Mohawk warriors and is one of the eight Canadian Martyrs.
Life
Gabriel Lalemant was born in Paris, October 31, 1610, the son of a French jurist and his wife. He was the third of six children, five of whom entered religious life. Two of Gabriel's uncles served the Jesuits in New France: Charles Lalemant as the first Superior of the Jesuit missions in Canada, and Jérôme Lalemant as the Vicar-General of Quebec.
In 1630 Lalemant joined the Jesuits, and in 1632 he took the vow to devote himself to foreign missions. He taught at the Collège in Moulins from 1632 to 1635. He was at Bourges from 1635 to 1639 studying theology and was ordained there in 1638. He taught at three different schools, being professor of philosophy at Moulins. His repeated requests to go to New France were declined by his superiors, partly because of his poor health. Eventually, his uncle Jérôme, head of the Canadian mission, intervened on his behalf.
In September 1646 Gabriel arrived in Quebec, where he spent the first few months studying the Huron language and customs. Father Bressani, a fellow missionary in New France, referred to him as a man of extremely frail constitution. For the first two years Gabriel worked in and around Quebec and the trading center of Trois Rivières (Three Rivers). In September 1648 he was sent to Wendake, the land of the Wyandot (Huron), as an assistant to Father Jean de Brébeuf, and posted to the mission at Sainte-Marie among the Hurons. In February 1649 he replaced Noël Chabanel at the mission of Saint Louis.
In March 1649, while most of the Huron warriors were away, 1,200 Iroquois attacked the settlement of Saint Ignace. A few survivors escaped to warn the village of St. Louis. Its eighty warriors fought to delay the attackers, trying to enable the elderly, women, and children to flee. Lalemant and Brébeuf remained with the warriors and were captured and taken to the nearby mission at Saint Ignace. Both were tortured before being killed: Jean Brebeuf died on March 16, 1649, and Gabriel Lalemant died on March 17, 1649.
After the withdrawal of the Iroquois war party from the area on March 19, seven Frenchmen went to St. Ignace to retrieve the bodies of the Jesuits and Huron. They returned them to Sainte-Marie where they were buried. Their relics are now housed at the Martyrs' Shrine in Midland, Ontario.
Lalemant was canonized by Pope Pius XI on June 29, 1930.
His surname may be spelled either Lallemant or Lalemant by different references.
Gallery
See also
"The Excavation of the Indian Church at Ste Marie", by Rev.Denis A. Hegarty, S.J. "Martyrs' Shrine Midland Ontario
References
See also
Blessed Julian Maunoir
External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
Category:Jesuit saints
Category:1610 births
Category:1649 deaths
Category:Canadian Roman Catholic saints
Category:Jesuit martyrs
Category:French Roman Catholic missionaries
Category:Canadian clergy
Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in Canada
Category:17th-century French Jesuits
Category:French Roman Catholic saints
Category:Canadian Roman Catholic priests
Category:Martyred Roman Catholic priests
Category:17th-century Christian saints
Category:17th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
Category:Jesuit missionaries in New France |
Mmm, babaganoush perfection. Is there anything more creamy, dreamy, and satisfying? Well maybe, but let's focus on this right now. Sheesh.
This recipe was born after I co-taught a cooking class with Kathy Keyes of the Pagosa Baking Company. She taught me that the secret to fantastic baba is to squeeze out all of the water after the eggplant is baked. Serve this with “Sprouted Dipper Chips” (from Radiance 4 Life), pita wedges, crackers, raw veggies, or whole grain artisan bread.
2. Cut the eggplant in half lengthwise. Place it cut side down on a lightly oiled cookie sheet and bake for 40 minutes, or until the eggplant is very tender. Set aside to cool.
3. Once cool, squeeze all of the moisture out of the eggplant by wringing it with your hands. This is pretty much a party at your sink, if you stop and think about it. You should end up with two cups of eggplant. Place the eggplant (skin and all) in a food processer and blend well.
4. Add the remaining ingredients (all but the garnishes) and blend until smooth. There will still be some seeds, so smooth is a relative term here! Just make sure no chunks of garlic, etc., remain. Serve cold or at room temperature, with or without the optional garnishes. This will keep, refrigerated in an airtight container, for up to a week.
Speaking of Be Radiant, I've been just LOVING adding more fun things my group lately! Be Radiant is an online community I created to support women in losing weight in an empowered, whole-person way. For more info, please check out this page or contact me here.
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It may be desirable to stabilize one or more bony segments via one or more implants; the present invention provides such implants. |
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn (UTC/The Loop) – For the intellectually disable, The Orange Grove Center is a safe haven. It is a place that is primarily focused on their mental and physical development in hopes of providing more comfortable life like the rest of the world.
This is the document filled with the city of Chattanooga for assistance.
On Tuesday, February 25, 2014, the Chattanooga City Council agreed to continue this movement by approving funds for Orange Grove, Inc. to create affordable rental housing. These funds were awarded on behalf of the HOMEAgain Program, a program that assists in creating supportive rental housing for underprivileged individuals and families to prevent homelessness.
According to documents from the Chattanooga City Council, the Department of Economic and Community Development are to award HOMEAgain Program funds in the amount of $45,000. The owner is to contribute $73,250 to create these affordable apartments.
Orange Grove residential services help support about 50 individuals in 23 homes located throughout the metropolitan area. While the non-profit organization may not own the homes, they help assist the individuals in leasing their home in the community and provide the staffing and oversight for the homes.
Orange Grove also provide residential rehabilitation housing. OGC has 25 homes serving 146 individuals. The residential rehabilitation housing supports two to eight individuals in Orange Grove Center homes with a house manager and support staff as needed. The staff helps with life skill development and many activities throughout the community.
One of the Rehabilitation Homes provided by Orange Grove
Many agree that Orange Grove is a staple in the Chattanooga community that provides a safe environment for the mentally ill and that this initiative will only improve the private, non-profit organization.
“Orange Grove has worked hard to become the establishment that they are. If it wasn’t for Orange Grove coming along individuals with developmental disabilities would be left at home or in mental intuitions,” said Diamond Pride OGC employee.She also stated that OGC allow the individuals have regular lives help them feel more inclusive in the community.
Darious James, Direct Support Professional at OGC weighed in on the mentally ill clients and OGC’s initiative to make them feel more independent. “Orange Grove does a great justice to the community plus they also let the individuals work and make money on real jobs. ”
Although it is not clear on who the new, affordable apartments will be made available to, it is clear that Orange Grove is always finding ways to improve their organization.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. (UTC/ The Loop) — Chattanooga Mayor Andy Berke and City Council unanimously reached a verdict and decided to pass the new pension plan. Mayor Berke believes that this plan is critical in what it says about Chattanooga and the actions we are taking as a community.
The people of Chattanooga will finally be receiving the benefits they deserve. Mayor Berke says this new pension plan is about meeting goals, “It will continue to motivate the workforce, attract quality employees and we will do this by being responsible to tax payers”.
This new and improved pension plan will save Chattanooga 227 million dollars. With the fund saved Mayor Berke plans on investing in public safety and taking care of employees today. These funds will boost morale and help to fix the problem. Mayor Berke is proud of everyone who was involved in the development of the new pension, “We have outstanding employees who work for us- outstanding”.
The new pension fund:
– $227 Million saved
– Will improve public safety
– Take better care of Chattanooga employees
– Boost morale
– Reflection of the participants who were involved
Among many that disagree with the City’s plan to move forward with the updated pension plan is Kirk Salter. Salter was more than unhappy with the outcome of the court hearing. He believes that the fund has continually sunk.
Kirk Salter taking a stand against new Chattanooga Pension Fund.
He believes they are making a change that is detrimental to the people of Chattanooga and as far as Salter is concerned, ” Andy Berke and Travis McDonald, okay, and the city council they are on notice that if you knowingly violate the law, okay, and go through with this you are exposing the city to liability… Travis McDonald and Andy Berke are no friends to public safety”.
Salter refers to himself as a “firecracker” and has reassured the people of Chattanooga that he is nowhere near done fighting against this pension plan. He believes the city has not been responsible for funding the pension over the years, and have allowed it to continually sink.
For some, this new pension fund may come as a shock and betrayal to the people but to others it is an extreme source of financial relief that has been long overdue.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn (UTC/The Loop) — The Chattanooga City Council passed an ordinance to grant wall tiebacks in the construction of the North Shore Publix at the February 25 meeting. The tiebacks will provide more stability for the walls along the blocks of Hamilton Avenue, Woodland Avenue, and Kent Street.
Neighbors of the construction are hoping that Publix will bring stability in more areas than just physical structure.
Rylee Johnson, Junior, lives in an apartment complex near the construction area. She is excited about the convenience of of a grocery store in the area.
Some residents fear that the store will threaten the local business in the area. Shervin Dadkhahi-Poor is hopeful about the increased traffic in the area according to an interview from News Channel 3 in April.
“I just hope the intent stays good and we keep Chattanooga original.” says Dadkhahi-Poor.
Johnson agrees that the convenience store could threaten the local novelty of the area, but believes that the increased traffic for businesses could out-weigh that risk in the long run.
Mary Alice Ozment, a Signal Mountain resident, says that a grocery store is an essential part of a community, and she thinks Publix can offer this to the North Shore area.
The ordinance to use wall tie-backs in the construction originally appeared at the February 18th meeting of Chattanooga City Council. It then was approved on the 25th. City Council members Sally Robinson and Deborah Scott said they believe it will “raise property values and bring in new sales and property tax collections” according to a 2012 interview by the Chattanoogan.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. (UTC/The Loop) – Chattanooga City Council approved the partnership between the Administrator of the Chattanooga Department of Public Works and the non-profit organization Green Spaces in the development of the Low Impact Design/Green Infrastructure Design Competition.
Lee Norris, the Administrator for the Department of Public Works, has been approved by City Council to work with Green Spaces to create the (LID)/Green Infrastructure Design Competition. The approval Tuesday, February 25 was unanimous.
Chattanooga City Council Chambers
Green Spaces is an environmentally conscious, non-profit organization whose mission it is to “work towards regional sustainability by progressing the way we live, work, and build.” The organization is based solely in Chattanooga, Tenn.
The (LID)/Green Infrastructure Design Competition will consist of two team members, a professional engineer and a registered landscape architect, and take place in Chattanooga.
Chattanooga.gov describes the competition as demonstrating “efficient, sustainable, cost-effective approaches to stormwater management and beautification of city infrastructure.”
Director Lee Norris relayed his hope for the competition to the Times Free Press saying, “The goal here is to get the architects, engineers and developers to get on the same page to see how green infrastructure can work on different areas.”
The time frame of the competition and the completion date has yet to be announced.
The Lyndhurst Foundation is providing a grant of $85,500 to develop the competition.
According to its website, The Lyndhurst Foundation “invests in initiatives, institutions, people and programs that contribute to the long term livability and resilience of the greater Chattanooga region.”
For more information about Chattanooga City Council, visit Chattanooga.gov for agendas and more.
By Andrew Carney CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. (UTC / The Loop) – Chattanooga City Council unanimously approved Resolution 27798, authorizing the Administrator for the Department of Public Works to partner with Green|Spaces to assist in the development and implementation of the Green Infrastructure Design Competition.
This resolution finalizes plans to implement the first Green Infrastructure Design Competition, a Low Impact Development (LID) program which is being funded by the Lyndhurst Foundation in the amount of $85,500. Chattanooga City Council previously approved Resolution 27657 on September 24, 2013, which authorized the Administrator for the Department of Public Works to accept the grant from the Lyndhurst Foundation.
This resolution was integral in providing the necessary funding to allow for the creation of the design competition, while this recent resolution allowed for the Administrator for the Department of Public Works to assist in its development.
Lyndhurst Foundation Logo
The Lyndhurst Foundation “identifies and invests in initiatives, institutions, people and programs that contribute to the long-term livability and resilience of the greater Chattanooga region.” It has been important to the development of Chattanooga and has previously provided funding for such initiatives as:
The Main Terrain Park in Chattanooga’s Southside neighborhood
Revitalization of downtown in partnership with the RiverCity Company
The SimCenter (National Center for Computation Engineering) at UTC
Continued support for the Tennessee Aquarium’s sponsorship of Bike Chattanooga
Matching support for the Chattanooga History Center’s Let’s Make History capital campaign
The Chattanooga Public Works’ Water Quality Program describes the Design Competition as “Chattanooga’s first Low Impact Design (LID)/ Green Infrastructure design competition will challenge design teams to demonstrate efficient, sustainable, cost-effective approaches to stormwater management and beautification of city infrastructure,” and that this “collaborative effort includes participation and input from Chattanooga’s Public Works Department (Engineering and Water Quality) and Chattanooga-Hamilton County RPA, and is funded by the Lyndhurst Foundation through a contract with Green|Spaces.”
According to an article by The Chattanoogan, the “competition participation requirements include a design team consisting of three licensed participants: engineer, architect, and landscape architect” and that “at least one member of each team based in Chattanooga and team leaders must be licensed in Tennessee.” This helps to ensure that the teams are well-qualified for the design competition and knowledgeable of both the region and state. The Chattanooga Times Free Press quotes Lee Norris, the current Administrator for the Department of Public Works, as saying,”the goal here is to get the architects, engineers and developers to get on the same page to see how green infrasture [sic] can work on different areas.”
Green|Spaces Logo
According to their mission statement, Green|Spaces “works towards regional sustainability by progressing the way we live, work and build.” It has been integral to achieving sustainability in Chattanooga since the initiative began in 2008 and has been involved in many projects in the region that include 17 LEED-certified projects.
The Chattanoogan article quotes Mayor Andy Berke on the Design Competition, “This is an important partnership that can highlight Chattanooga’s commitment to innovative, sustainable practices. Through a competitive process, we will empower talented individuals to explore solutions that can ultimately make our neighborhoods stronger and create a positive impact in every district of Chattanooga.”
Involved organizations are currently discussing when the design competition will take place; more information should be available after a timeline for the design competition is decided. For more information, visit the respective links to the organizations’ sites and to the two resolutions passed by Chattanooga City Council.
A pension is a defined benefit paid monthly to employees during retirement. Police officers and firefighters pay into a large fund with 8 to 9 percent of their salaries. The city contributes to the fund each year. In 2013, the city’s contribution was $11.2 million, an amount that’s expected to rise dramatically over the next 26 years. The fund also receives significant revenue from its investment portfolio.
“What you’re going to do tonight by adopting this ordinance is that you will secure the retirement for our pensioners,” said Mayor Berke.
Berke also said that they want to look these men and women in the eye and promise them a financial future with the new pension plan.
One part of the bill requires those cities to contribute at least 100 percent of the annual amount needed to make or keep the plans sustainable over a 30-year period. This doesn’t affect Chattanooga’s fire and police pension plan because the city already pays 100 percent of its contribution.
Not all citizens approve of this new pension plan. The full opposition story and interviews about the passing of the Firefighter Pension plan covered by Channel 9 can be found here.
Kirk Salter, former Chattanooga Sgt., was upset that they didn’t take everybody’s interest into account. Salter said, “They wouldn’t listen to anybody in 2000 and they are not listening to us now.”
One part of the bill requires those cities to contribute at least 100 percent of the annual amount needed to make or keep the plans sustainable over a 30-year period. This doesn’t affect Chattanooga’s fire and police pension plan because the city already pays 100 percent of its contribution.
Task Force Proposal
The plan requires approval from the pension board and the City Council. Here are the key details.
• Minimum retirement age for non-vested members 50, new hires 55
• Employee contribution to go up from 8% to 11%, or 9% to 12% over the next 3 years
• Cost of living adjustments for retirees at an average of 1.5%
• The DROP will no longer include interest, and employees will have the option to stay 3 extra years without losing the benefit.
• Increases benefits to 100% for beneficiaries of those killed in the line of duty
CHATTANOOGA,Tenn. (UTC/ The loop) — Chattanooga City Council okay’d the fire and police pension plan on Tuesday of last week following months of negotiations.
Mayor Andy Berke stood before the council and attendees addressing recent issues with the pension while ensuring changes will be made to the plan.
“We couldn’t look someone in the eyes and promise what was going to happenin the future, ” said Berke. “By adopting these changes we will actually be able to look these people in the eyes and say ‘ you are going to actually receive the benefits you expect’.”
Berke said the city can expect three things from the pension plan:
A more motivated work force
It will attract quality employees
Show our responsibility to the tax payers
Some citizens of Chattanooga are not so sure that this will be true for pensioners. Retired police Sgt. Kirk Salter has been fighting this pension since the beginning.
” I’m a firecracker and I’m not through with them yet,” said Satler. ” Travis McDonald and Andy Berke are no friends to public safety.”
Although the Chattanooga City Council has passed this plan, there are several steps to go through before the pension plan will actually be put into play.
Chattanooga City Council Chambers
Knoxville City Council has shut down the same pension plan that Mayor Berke has suggested for Chattanoogan’s. President of the Firefighter’s Association of Knoxville, Kevin Faddis, has made his opinion on the pension plan very clear and plans to continue to do so in hopes that cities like Chattanooga will listen.
“We have made concessions, we will continue to make SOME concessions,” said Faddis. ” We dont do what we do for money, obviously. But we would like to at least retire with some dignity.”
He said he has worked for the city of Knoxville for over 18 years and has no plans for retiring anytime soon, but hopes this can be resolved before his time with the department comes to an end.
Faddis thinks there are ways to fix these problems and cutting pensions is not the answer.” They certainly could cut non essential projects, ” he said.
While the city may be in a large amount of debt, is cutting pensions the right way to go?
“You pay for a service (taxes) it may not be tangible for all at once, ” Faddis said, “but I can assure you, when citizens need us, we are there. No matter what.”
For some, the Yellow Deliis a place of studying solitude. It provides an earthy atmosphere where students, business men and friends can come together over a hot cup of fresh herbal tea and enjoy fresh hand made bread. It is best compared to what it would be like to live inside of a tree trunk that Sunny and Cher hand painted in the 60’s.
The Yellow Deli- Chattanooga, TN
Since 1978 the Yellow Deli has provided a wide variety of fresh garden made from vegetables grown in the garden to organic breakfast muffins with berries. According to one of the “Found Fathers” of the Deli, Ayal, the Deli Roast is the most popular sandwich. Nothing they serve has been prepackaged.
For those that have ventured into the Yellow Deli they have seen the colorful walls decorated with Biblical images as well as a feature that makes the Deli unique. Everything inside of the Deli is made from reclaimed wood, “We tore down old buildings and put it all together. We even straightened out nails! We were just out of the 60’s so the decor is out of the 60’s” says an enthusiastic Ayal.
Along with a variety of delicious meals to choose from, the Deli began producing all natural beauty products from lotions to creams. This addition came in 1979. Not only does it have a beauty bar, but there is also a smoothie bar where patrons can choose from a variety of fresh blended drinks.
Their food is not the only thing that has the people buzzing. The religious practices of the Deli has also raised a few eyebrows. They are considered to be one of the “Twelve Tribes” that participate in the Jesus Movement that began in 1972 by Gene Spriggs.
Originally the “community” began at a coffee shop called “The Lighthouse” where the members lived communally and then opened the Yellow Deli. Their division from the traditional route of religious practice raised concern from Chattanooga’s Citizen Freedom Foundation who deemed the group a ‘cult’.
Of the many people who find their practices to be on the “cultish” side, Karne Draper of Utah who was once a member of their “family” lived with them for two weeks before deciding she did not agree with their lifestyle choices or religious practices. According to Draper, the “Supreme Disciple” who will remain unnamed, is in charge of every detail of their lives including what they eat and wear.
Draper, who was a student at Chattanooga State College withdrew herself from the program after speaking to her academic counselor, “You should have seen the look on my counselor’s face when I told him what I was doing. I just smiled and said, ‘I found Jesus!’”.
While her experience there was less than pleasant that does not speak for the entire population. There are many who have found their food, service and attitudes to be pleasant and more than satisfactory. Experience it for yourself over a hot bowl of soup or a hot discussion about your religious practices. Both are popular options on the menu at the Yellow Deli.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn (UTC The Loop)- The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga’s music department is known for having great musical events. This year the music department is will present the Marian Anderson String Quartetto the Chattanooga community, February 20 – 22.
In the fall of 1989, members of the Marian Anderson String Quartet, then known as the Chaminade Quartet joined forces to accomplish more than they ever dreamed. The Marian Anderson String Quartet has won major classical competitions and performed at the White House during a Presidential Inauguration.
The Marian Anderson String Quartet Residency project was initiated by Dr. Jonathan B. McNair, Coordinator of Theory and Composition at UTC, as part of an effort to raise public awareness of the contributions to concert (classical) music by African American and other minority performing artists and composers.
“I became interested in bringing acclaimed African American classical music composers and performers to Chattanooga a few years ago. I had purchased a collection of music by Black composers, and liked some of the music very much,” said McNair.
The four women are passionate about their musical art. They will perform a concert for the public, work with local music students, of high school and collegiate levels, conduct a workshop for young composers from around the Southeast, and participate in a public panel discussion.
The MASQ will visit Orchard Knob Elementary school on Thursday Feb. 20 in the morning, and Center for Creative Arts high school Thursday afternoon Feb 20.
“I hope to bring other highly skilled minority artist to campus in coming years, such as the Ritz Chamber Players, and/or the Imani Winds, or fine solo artists who I’ve come across online. If this MASQ program is successful, which I believe it will be, then we have a foundation to build on for the future,” he continued.
Each member of the ensemble is trained at top conservatories and universities such as Julliard School of Music, the Manhattan School of Music, and Shepherd School of Music.The women of the string quarter have a strong commitment to music education, and established a community music school in their home base of Bryan, Texas, as well as string quartet music camps in the Southwest and the Virgin Islands.
It was announced that Gamma Phi Beta, a recent addition to the Panhellenic sororities at The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, had received a house.
Collegiate Leadership Counselor Maddy Schroeder could not share any news about current negotiations regarding the house or its location, but she is “very excited about the housing prospects in Chattanooga!”
Two Gamma Phi Beta Sisters
UTC Sophomore Andrea Kulezs who joined Gamma Phi Beta in the fall of 2013 shared her hopes for the house, “I think it will make us closer as a sorority because we will be able to hang out with each othermore in a safer environment instead of going here and there and everywhere to meet.”
UTC Junior and Gamma Phi Beta member Whitney Johnson said that the house is partially funded by the dues paid by the sororities members, and that it is on track to be open by August 2014.
The Eta Kappa Chapter of Gamma Phi Beta was founded in the fall of 2013 at UTC. For more information about Gamma Phi Beta’s arrival, visit the Times Free Press.
Other Panhellenic Council Chapters on UTC’s campus include:
Alpha Delta Pi
Chi Omega
Delta Zeta
Kappa Delta
Sigma Kappa
Further information about the house will be provided when it becomes available. If you are interested in joining the Gamma Phi Beta sorority or just learning more about it, go to UTC’s Gamma Phi Beta homepage. |
import csv
import json
import logging
from datetime import timedelta
from decimal import Decimal
from django.contrib import messages
from django.db.models import Count, Q
from django.db.models.functions import Concat
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, redirect, render
from django.urls import reverse
from django.utils.functional import cached_property
from django.utils.timezone import now
from django.utils.translation import gettext as _
from django.views.generic import DetailView, ListView, View
from pretix.base.models import Order, OrderPayment, OrderRefund, Quota
from pretix.base.services.mail import SendMailException
from pretix.base.settings import SettingsSandbox
from pretix.base.templatetags.money import money_filter
from pretix.control.permissions import (
EventPermissionRequiredMixin, OrganizerPermissionRequiredMixin,
)
from pretix.control.views.organizer import OrganizerDetailViewMixin
from pretix.plugins.banktransfer import csvimport, mt940import
from pretix.plugins.banktransfer.models import BankImportJob, BankTransaction
from pretix.plugins.banktransfer.tasks import process_banktransfers
logger = logging.getLogger('pretix.plugins.banktransfer')
class ActionView(View):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
def _discard(self, trans):
trans.state = BankTransaction.STATE_DISCARDED
trans.shred_private_data()
trans.save()
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'ok'
})
def _retry(self, trans):
return self._accept_ignore_amount(trans)
def _accept_ignore_amount(self, trans):
if trans.amount < Decimal('0.00'):
ref = trans.order.refunds.filter(
amount=trans.amount * -1,
provider='manual',
state__in=(OrderRefund.REFUND_STATE_CREATED, OrderRefund.REFUND_STATE_CREATED)
).first()
p = trans.order.payments.filter(
amount=trans.amount * -1,
provider='banktransfer',
state__in=(OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_CONFIRMED, OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_REFUNDED)
).first()
if ref:
ref.done(user=self.request.user)
trans.state = BankTransaction.STATE_VALID
trans.save()
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'ok',
})
elif p:
p.create_external_refund(
amount=trans.amount * -1,
info=json.dumps({
'reference': trans.reference,
'date': trans.date,
'payer': trans.payer,
'trans_id': trans.pk
})
)
trans.state = BankTransaction.STATE_VALID
trans.save()
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'ok',
})
else:
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'error',
'message': _('Negative amount but refund can\'t be logged, please create manual refund first.')
})
p = trans.order.payments.get_or_create(
amount=trans.amount,
provider='banktransfer',
state__in=(OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_CREATED, OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_PENDING),
defaults={
'state': OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_CREATED,
}
)[0]
p.info_data = {
'reference': trans.reference,
'date': trans.date,
'payer': trans.payer,
'trans_id': trans.pk
}
try:
p.confirm(user=self.request.user)
except Quota.QuotaExceededException:
pass
except SendMailException:
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'error',
'message': _('Problem sending email.')
})
trans.state = BankTransaction.STATE_VALID
trans.save()
trans.order.payments.filter(
provider='banktransfer',
state__in=(OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_CREATED, OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_PENDING),
).update(state=OrderPayment.PAYMENT_STATE_CANCELED)
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'ok',
})
def _assign(self, trans, code):
try:
if '-' in code:
trans.order = self.order_qs().get(code=code.rsplit('-', 1)[1], event__slug__iexact=code.rsplit('-', 1)[0])
else:
trans.order = self.order_qs().get(code=code.rsplit('-', 1)[-1])
except Order.DoesNotExist:
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'error',
'message': _('Unknown order code')
})
else:
return self._retry(trans)
def _comment(self, trans, comment):
from pretix.base.templatetags.rich_text import rich_text
trans.comment = comment
trans.save()
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'ok',
'comment': rich_text(comment),
'plain': comment,
})
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
for k, v in request.POST.items():
if not k.startswith('action_'):
continue
if 'event' in kwargs:
trans = get_object_or_404(BankTransaction, id=k.split('_')[1], event=request.event)
else:
trans = get_object_or_404(BankTransaction, id=k.split('_')[1], organizer=request.organizer)
if v == 'discard' and trans.state in (BankTransaction.STATE_INVALID, BankTransaction.STATE_ERROR,
BankTransaction.STATE_NOMATCH, BankTransaction.STATE_DUPLICATE):
return self._discard(trans)
elif v == 'accept' and trans.state == BankTransaction.STATE_INVALID:
# Accept anyway even with wrong amount
return self._accept_ignore_amount(trans)
elif v.startswith('comment:'):
return self._comment(trans, v[8:])
elif v.startswith('assign:') and trans.state in (BankTransaction.STATE_NOMATCH,
BankTransaction.STATE_DUPLICATE):
return self._assign(trans, v[7:])
elif v == 'retry' and trans.state in (BankTransaction.STATE_ERROR, BankTransaction.STATE_DUPLICATE):
return self._retry(trans)
return JsonResponse({
'status': 'error',
'message': 'Unknown action'
})
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
u = request.GET.get('query', '')
if len(u) < 2:
return JsonResponse({'results': []})
if "-" in u:
code = (Q(event__slug__icontains=u.split("-")[0])
& Q(code__icontains=Order.normalize_code(u.split("-")[1])))
else:
code = Q(code__icontains=Order.normalize_code(u))
qs = self.order_qs().order_by('pk').annotate(inr=Concat('invoices__prefix', 'invoices__invoice_no')).filter(
code
| Q(email__icontains=u)
| Q(all_positions__attendee_name_cached__icontains=u)
| Q(all_positions__attendee_email__icontains=u)
| Q(invoice_address__name_cached__icontains=u)
| Q(invoice_address__company__icontains=u)
| Q(invoices__invoice_no=u)
| Q(invoices__invoice_no=u.zfill(5))
| Q(inr=u)
).select_related('event').annotate(pcnt=Count('invoices')).distinct()
# Yep, we wouldn't need to count the invoices here. However, having this Count() statement in there
# tricks Django into generating a GROUP BY clause that it otherwise wouldn't and that is required to
# avoid duplicate results. Yay?
return JsonResponse({
'results': [
{
'code': o.event.slug.upper() + '-' + o.code,
'status': o.get_status_display(),
'total': money_filter(o.total, o.event.currency)
} for o in qs
]
})
def order_qs(self):
return self.request.event.orders
class JobDetailView(DetailView):
template_name = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/job_detail.html'
permission = 'can_change_orders'
context_objectname = 'job'
def redirect_form(self):
kwargs = {
'organizer': self.request.organizer.slug,
}
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
kwargs['event'] = self.kwargs['event']
return redirect(reverse('plugins:banktransfer:import', kwargs=kwargs))
def redirect_back(self):
kwargs = {
'organizer': self.request.organizer.slug,
'job': self.kwargs['job']
}
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
kwargs['event'] = self.kwargs['event']
return redirect(reverse('plugins:banktransfer:import.job', kwargs=kwargs))
@cached_property
def job(self):
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
kwargs = {'event': self.request.event}
else:
kwargs = {'organizer': self.request.organizer}
return get_object_or_404(BankImportJob, id=self.kwargs['job'], **kwargs)
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
if 'ajax' in request.GET:
return JsonResponse({
'state': self.job.state
})
context = self.get_context_data()
return self.render_to_response(context)
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
ctx = {}
qs = self.job.transactions.select_related('order', 'order__event')
ctx['transactions_valid'] = qs.filter(state=BankTransaction.STATE_VALID).count()
ctx['transactions_invalid'] = qs.filter(state__in=[
BankTransaction.STATE_INVALID, BankTransaction.STATE_ERROR
]).count()
ctx['transactions_ignored'] = qs.filter(state__in=[
BankTransaction.STATE_DUPLICATE, BankTransaction.STATE_NOMATCH
]).count()
ctx['job'] = self.job
ctx['organizer'] = self.request.organizer
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base.html'
else:
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base_organizer.html'
return ctx
class ImportView(ListView):
template_name = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_form.html'
permission = 'can_change_orders'
context_object_name = 'transactions_unhandled'
paginate_by = 30
def get_queryset(self):
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
qs = BankTransaction.objects.filter(
Q(event=self.request.event)
)
else:
qs = BankTransaction.objects.filter(
Q(organizer=self.request.organizer)
)
qs = qs.select_related('order').filter(state__in=[
BankTransaction.STATE_INVALID, BankTransaction.STATE_ERROR,
BankTransaction.STATE_DUPLICATE, BankTransaction.STATE_NOMATCH
])
if 'search' in self.request.GET:
q = self.request.GET.get('search')
qs = qs.filter(
Q(payer__icontains=q) | Q(reference__icontains=q) | Q(comment__icontains=q)
).order_by(
'-import_job__created'
)
return qs
def discard_all(self):
self.get_queryset().update(payer='', reference='', state=BankTransaction.STATE_DISCARDED)
messages.success(self.request, _('All unresolved transactions have been discarded.'))
def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
if self.request.POST.get('discard', '') == 'all':
self.discard_all()
return self.redirect_back()
elif ('file' in self.request.FILES and '.csv' in self.request.FILES.get('file').name.lower()) \
or 'amount' in self.request.POST:
# Process CSV
return self.process_csv()
elif 'file' in self.request.FILES and (
'.txt' in self.request.FILES.get('file').name.lower()
or '.sta' in self.request.FILES.get('file').name.lower()
or '.swi' in self.request.FILES.get('file').name.lower() # Rabobank's MT940 Structured
):
return self.process_mt940()
elif self.request.FILES.get('file') is None:
messages.error(self.request, _('You must choose a file to import.'))
return self.redirect_back()
else:
messages.error(self.request, _('We were unable to detect the file type of this import. Please '
'contact support for help.'))
return self.redirect_back()
@cached_property
def settings(self):
return SettingsSandbox('payment', 'banktransfer', getattr(self.request, 'event', self.request.organizer))
def process_mt940(self):
try:
return self.start_processing(mt940import.parse(self.request.FILES.get('file')))
except:
logger.exception('Failed to import MT940 file')
messages.error(self.request, _('We were unable to process your input.'))
return self.redirect_back()
def process_csv_file(self):
o = getattr(self.request, 'event', self.request.organizer)
try:
data = csvimport.get_rows_from_file(self.request.FILES['file'])
except csv.Error as e: # TODO: narrow down
logger.error('Import failed: ' + str(e))
messages.error(self.request, _('I\'m sorry, but we were unable to import this CSV file. Please '
'contact support for help.'))
return self.redirect_back()
if len(data) == 0:
messages.error(self.request, _('I\'m sorry, but we detected this file as empty. Please '
'contact support for help.'))
if o.settings.get('banktransfer_csvhint') is not None:
hint = o.settings.get('banktransfer_csvhint', as_type=dict)
try:
parsed, good = csvimport.parse(data, hint)
except csvimport.HintMismatchError: # TODO: narrow down
logger.exception('Import using stored hint failed')
else:
if good:
return self.start_processing(parsed)
return self.assign_view(data)
def process_csv_hint(self):
try:
data = json.loads(self.request.POST.get('data').strip())
except ValueError:
messages.error(self.request, _('Invalid input data.'))
return self.get(self.request, *self.args, **self.kwargs)
if 'reference' not in self.request.POST:
messages.error(self.request, _('You need to select the column containing the payment reference.'))
return self.assign_view(data)
try:
hint = csvimport.new_hint(self.request.POST)
except Exception as e:
logger.error('Parsing hint failed: ' + str(e))
messages.error(self.request, _('We were unable to process your input.'))
return self.assign_view(data)
o = getattr(self.request, 'event', self.request.organizer)
try:
o.settings.set('banktransfer_csvhint', hint)
except Exception as e: # TODO: narrow down
logger.error('Import using stored hint failed: ' + str(e))
pass
else:
parsed, __ = csvimport.parse(data, hint)
return self.start_processing(parsed)
def process_csv(self):
if 'file' in self.request.FILES:
return self.process_csv_file()
elif 'amount' in self.request.POST:
return self.process_csv_hint()
return super().get(self.request)
def assign_view(self, parsed):
ctx = {
'json': json.dumps(parsed),
'rows': parsed,
}
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base.html'
else:
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base_organizer.html'
ctx['organizer'] = self.request.organizer
return render(self.request, 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_assign.html', ctx)
@cached_property
def job_running(self):
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
qs = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
Q(event=self.request.event) | Q(organizer=self.request.organizer)
)
else:
qs = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
Q(organizer=self.request.organizer)
)
return qs.filter(
state=BankImportJob.STATE_RUNNING,
created__lte=now() - timedelta(minutes=30) # safety timeout
).first()
def redirect_back(self):
kwargs = {
'organizer': self.request.organizer.slug
}
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
kwargs['event'] = self.kwargs['event']
return redirect(reverse('plugins:banktransfer:import', kwargs=kwargs))
def start_processing(self, parsed):
if self.job_running:
messages.error(self.request,
_('An import is currently being processed, please try again in a few minutes.'))
return self.redirect_back()
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
job = BankImportJob.objects.create(event=self.request.event, organizer=self.request.organizer)
else:
job = BankImportJob.objects.create(organizer=self.request.organizer)
process_banktransfers.apply_async(kwargs={
'job': job.pk,
'data': parsed
})
kwargs = {
'organizer': self.request.organizer.slug,
'job': job.pk
}
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
kwargs['event'] = self.kwargs['event']
return redirect(reverse('plugins:banktransfer:import.job', kwargs=kwargs))
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
ctx = super().get_context_data()
ctx['job_running'] = self.job_running
ctx['no_more_payments'] = False
if 'event' in self.kwargs:
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base.html'
if not self.request.event.has_subevents and self.request.event.settings.get('payment_term_last'):
if now() > self.request.event.payment_term_last:
ctx['no_more_payments'] = True
ctx['lastimport'] = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
state=BankImportJob.STATE_COMPLETED,
organizer=self.request.organizer,
event=self.request.event
).order_by('created').last()
ctx['runningimport'] = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
state__in=[BankImportJob.STATE_PENDING, BankImportJob.STATE_RUNNING],
organizer=self.request.organizer,
event=self.request.event
).order_by('created').last()
else:
ctx['lastimport'] = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
state=BankImportJob.STATE_COMPLETED,
organizer=self.request.organizer,
event__isnull=True
).order_by('created').last()
ctx['runningimport'] = BankImportJob.objects.filter(
state__in=[BankImportJob.STATE_PENDING, BankImportJob.STATE_RUNNING],
organizer=self.request.organizer,
event__isnull=True
).order_by('created').last()
ctx['basetpl'] = 'pretixplugins/banktransfer/import_base_organizer.html'
ctx['organizer'] = self.request.organizer
return ctx
class OrganizerBanktransferView:
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
if len(request.organizer.events.order_by('currency').values_list('currency', flat=True).distinct()) > 1:
messages.error(request, _('Please perform per-event bank imports as this organizer has events with '
'multiple currencies.'))
return redirect('control:organizer', organizer=request.organizer.slug)
return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
class EventImportView(EventPermissionRequiredMixin, ImportView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
class OrganizerImportView(OrganizerBanktransferView, OrganizerPermissionRequiredMixin, OrganizerDetailViewMixin,
ImportView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
class EventJobDetailView(EventPermissionRequiredMixin, JobDetailView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
class OrganizerJobDetailView(OrganizerBanktransferView, OrganizerPermissionRequiredMixin, OrganizerDetailViewMixin,
JobDetailView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
class EventActionView(EventPermissionRequiredMixin, ActionView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
class OrganizerActionView(OrganizerBanktransferView, OrganizerPermissionRequiredMixin, OrganizerDetailViewMixin,
ActionView):
permission = 'can_change_orders'
def order_qs(self):
all = self.request.user.teams.filter(organizer=self.request.organizer, can_change_orders=True,
can_view_orders=True, all_events=True).exists()
if self.request.user.has_active_staff_session(self.request.session.session_key) or all:
return Order.objects.filter(event__organizer=self.request.organizer)
else:
return Order.objects.filter(
event_id__in=self.request.user.teams.filter(
organizer=self.request.organizer, can_change_orders=True, can_view_orders=True
).values_list('limit_events__id', flat=True)
)
|
Big Kahuna's
Big Kahuna's Water and Adventure Park is a water park located in Destin, Florida, which opened in 1986 . The park is primarily a water park, with over forty water attractions. The park also features several thrill ride attractions and a miniature golf course.
On Tuesday, July 16, 2019, Big Kahuna's was shut down by the Okaloosa County Health Department for unsanitary water conditions.
References
External links
Category:Buildings and structures in Okaloosa County, Florida
Category:Tourist attractions in Okaloosa County, Florida
Category:Water parks in Florida
Category:1986 establishments in Florida
Category:Palace Entertainment |
Horatio Scott Carslaw
Dr Horatio Scott Carslaw FRSE LLD (12 February 1870, Helensburgh, Dumbartonshire, Scotland – 11 November 1954, Burradoo, New South Wales, Australia) was a Scottish-Australian mathematician. The book he wrote with his colleague John Conrad Jaeger, Conduction of Heat in Solids, remains a classic in the field.
Life
He was born in Helensburgh the son of the Rev Dr William Henderson Carslaw (a Free Church minister) and his wife, Elizabeth Lockhead. He was educated at The Glasgow Academy. He went on to study at Cambridge University and then obtained a postgraduate doctorate at Glasgow University. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1901. He was a Fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge and worked as a lecturer in Mathematics at Glasgow University, when in late 1902 he moved to Australia.
In 1903, upon the retirement of Theodore Thomas Gurney, Carslaw was appointed Professor and the Chair of Pure and Applied Mathematics in the now School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Sydney. He retired in 1935 to his house in Burradoo where he produced most of his best work. The Carslaw Building at the University, completed in the 1960s and containing the School, is named after him.
He died at home in Burradoo and was buried in the Anglican section of Bowral Cemetery.
Family
He married Ethel Maude Clarke (daughter of Sir William Clarke, 1st Baronet)in 1907 but she died later in the same year.
Works
An introduction to infinitesimal calculus, 1905
Introduction to the theory of Fourier's series and integrals and the mathematical theory of the conduction of heat, London 1906, revised 2nd edn. 1921, published under the title Introduction to the mathematical theory of the conduction of heat in solids; revised and enlarged 3rd edn. 1930, published under the title Introduction to the theory of Fourier's series and integrals
The Elements of Non-Euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry, London 1916
with John Conrad Jaeger: Operational methods in applied mathematics, 1941, 1948
with Jaeger: Conduction of Heat in Solids, Oxford 1947, 1959
See also
Diffusion equation
Heat equation
Horosphere
Thermal diffusivity
References
External links
Horatio Scott Carslaw at the Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
Category:1870 births
Category:1954 deaths
Category:People educated at the Glasgow Academy
Category:Australian mathematicians
Category:Scottish mathematicians
Category:University of Sydney faculty |
Data synchronization is an important function of enterprise systems in which documents are shared between multiple users who may independently access or modify the documents, particularly when the documents are available for offline access. While this access by multiple users may improve productivity, it also produces synchronization problems when multiple users are trying to modify the same data or documents. Such synchronization problems could lead to data inconsistency and data integrity issues.
In the drawings, like reference numbers generally indicate identical or similar elements. Additionally, generally, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the drawing in which the reference number first appears. |
Sándor Simó
Sándor Simó (7 August 1934 – 4 September 2001) was a Hungarian film producer, director and screenwriter. He produced 25 films and directed a further seven.
His 1969 film Those Who Wear Glasses won the Golden Leopard at the Locarno International Film Festival. His 1977 film My Father's Happy Years was entered into the 28th Berlin International Film Festival.
Selected filmography
Those Who Wear Glasses (1969)
My Father's Happy Years (1977)
Whoops (1993)
References
External links
Category:1934 births
Category:2001 deaths
Category:Hungarian film producers
Category:Hungarian male film actors
Category:Hungarian film directors
Category:Hungarian screenwriters
Category:Male screenwriters
Category:Hungarian male writers
Category:Writers from Budapest
Category:Male actors from Budapest |
If MLS Cup Playoffs started today...: Rapids would face LA in semifinals
The 2013 MLS playoff picture may still be a fuzzy mess considering that all 10 postseason spots are still seemingly up for grabs, but that doesn't mean the current league standings can't offer a preliminary glimpse of the potential matchups we might see once November rolls around.
Interestingly enough, if the regular season ended today and the playoffs began this weekend, we'd see a pair of first-round matches that we just tuned into on Sunday. In the Eastern Conference, the Philadelphia Union would take on the New England Revolution in a wild-card match at PPL Park, while the Portland Timbers would host arch-rival Seattle in the Western Conference's opening playoff game.
The winner of those respective battles would go on to face the No. 1 seeds in their conference in a two-legged series in the next round, with Real Salt Lake playing either the Timbers or Sounders and the Montreal Impact meeting the winner between the Union and Revolution.
In the other conference semifinals games, the LA Galaxy and Colorado Rapids would square off while the New York Red Bulls and Sporting Kansas City would lock horns.
There is still plenty of time for all of this to change and then some, what with another eight rounds of games to be played and numerous games in hand to be reconciled, but don't expect the playoff picture to stay out of focus for much longer. |
51 freelancere byder i gennemsnit $1031 for dette job
hello,how are you.i read your bid carefully.
i am java/javafx expert and have full experience for 12 years.
java/javafx is my top skill and passion.
i can provide most quality and high speed.
if you want to successMere
Hi,
Good day!
We have read your post and would like to discuss further as we have a team of Java developers who have in depth expertise in developing web/mobile/desktop based applications and have completed over Mere
• Hello,
I have over 6 years rich experience in
*wordpress
*html5
*php
*css
*bootstrap
*jQuery, etc.
I built many mobile-friendly website using above skills up to now. I have full time now. I can start to woMere
I have good knowledge in below mentioned skills by you. I also have some certifications in Java. I can share some of demos with you if you want for better understanding. Currently I'm working on a banking project in anMere
Hey, I would love to help you but you do not provide any details
Contact me with more information please
thanks and regards
Relevant Skills and Experience
I am a very experienced java developer
Proposed Milestones
$Mere
You can see my last project which are based on Algorithm Development Machine Learning and I can complete your project perfectly.
Relevant Skills and Experience
We have 10+ years experience in software development. We Mere
Hi,
I read your requirement very well and able to do it.
I have more than 8+ years experience in Java and related technologies.
Relevant Skills and Experience
Experts In Technology: JAVA, HTML, J2EE, Struts, HiberMere
Hi, I’m a Web Designer/Developer from the UK. My name is Mike. Your project description sounds interesting to me and I do have skills & experience that are required to complete this project.
Relevant Skills and ExperiMere
Hi there,
Thank you for sharing your requirement.
We are a team of technocrats having 8+ years of experience in Web and Mobile design plus development. Talking about our expertise, we possess very good expertise Mere
Hello, If you can be more specific I could send you a sample demo.
Please send me some doc and I will try to get you back a demo working
Cheers
Gon
Relevant Skills and Experience
Android-Java
Proposed Milestones
Mere
I read your project description carefully. I'm very interested in your job.
I have many experiences in web development for 10 years
Relevant Skills and Experience
PHP, Java, Laravel, WordPress, Joomla, Drupal, MagentMere
I am an IITK graduate and I have 9 years of experience in software development. I have 100% completion rate and I have finished all the projects with the highest level of customer satisfaction.
Relevant Skills and ExpMere |
The J-dorama gods have answered my prayers – Fuji TV‘s next Getsu 9 (Monday @ 9) dorama is not only a romance, it’s going to star two of my faves as the OTP! Hallelujah for the rousing production news to juice me up for the fall 2015 dorama season. Fuji TV’s current Getsu 9 Koinakais by and large a disappointment, I checked out one episode and found it okay but mostly boring. Doesn’t help that male lead Fukushi Sota has gone back to having barely any charisma, and not much chemistry with female lead Honda Tsubasa either. Hope the next Getsu 9 fares better with the confirmation that it’ll star Yamashita Tomohisa and Ishihara Satomi.
Fuji TV is pulling out bigger guns for the fall season and the dorama to follow Koinaka will be the adaptation of ladies romance manga From Five to Nine (5-ji kara 9-ji made) by Aihara Miki. It tells the story of capable English teacher Sakuraba Junko and her odd but compelling romance the handsome Buddhist monk Hoshikawa Takamine. In Japan monks are allowed to get married, but in this story Junko has no intention of being a stay at home temple wife so rejects Takamine while finding herself attracted to and falling for him. Apparently the manga is quite realistic about romance/marriage issues in modern Japan, and quite steamy as the characters are all adults and behave that way in terms of skinship. Nice!
me too..i watched it without expectation, just randomly watching it when the first epis airing on tv but then im following it to ep 7 now with engsub.
i just miss jdorama with this kind of storyline, it tastes like manga but actually not manga adaptation..
i’ll recommend koinaka for those who love a light simple storyline without much ‘drama’ hehe..
but yups, cant wait for our yamapi-kun’s new drama ne.. havent continued his previous drama cuz the subber stopped subbing 🙁
but with ishihara satomi in it, i bet, the sub will be as fast as takuya’s i’m home 😀
OH now that’s a jdorama to look for..i haven’t watch jdrama for ages. i think the last new one i watched was last cinderella and the ones in the last years didn’t appeal to me so much so i think i’ll watch it!
isn’t that mangaka the author of ‘Hot Gimmick’? It’s been some long years, but I remember that manga didn’t sit too well with me; characters were sick or stupid and abuse seemed to equal affection. I’m not sure I’ll ever be willing to sit through another of her love triangles, unless she radically changed how she portrays characters and relationships.
I think it is time to try jdoramas again because these days K-dramas are boring for me. If I am not wrong, she is in Attack on titan movie. Right? How about the part 1 of Attack on titan movie? Did anyone watch it? Is it good?
Yay to both leads but a big fat NO to Aihara Miki. 5ji kara 9ji made was so hard to stomach because it borderlines on romanticising abusive relationships. The male lead was such a controlling and selfish rat that I just can’t imagine why anyone would want to be with him. Granted, I’ve only read like 4 volumes, but knowing the same author also did Hot Gimmick, I doubt the latter chapters are any better.
Its true that the monk character is absolutely despicable, but all the other characters are pretty good. This manga is a huge improvement over Hot Gimmick (but the again the bar is low haha). I hope the scriptwriter changes some details about the monk because storywise,the romantic conflict is very compelling (dream vs romance, moden cs traditional, career vs housewife )
The manga is not romantic at all, the male character is physically and verbally abusive towards the female character and when she expresses disinterest he basically stalks her. He critiques everything about her etc.
Basically they’ll have to change a lot.
and Pi as the lead ahahahaha, he still can’t act and well I guess this is quite a typical part for Satomi.
I have always liked Yamapi. I haven’t watched his latest dramas but I thought his acting in his earlier work was pretty good. As for Satomi, she is a very charming actress and is fun to watch. Her drama “Dear Sister” is one of my favourites in recent years. So I’m definitely looking forward to this. |
Trends in cigarette smoking among adults with HIV compared with the general adult population, United States - 2009-2014.
Smoking increases HIV-related and non-HIV-related morbidity and mortality for persons with HIV infection. We estimated changes in cigarette smoking among adults with HIV and adults in the general U.S. population from 2009 to 2014 to inform HIV smoking cessation programs. Among HIV-positive adults, rates of current smoking declined from 37.6% (confidence interval [CI]: 34.7-40.6) in 2009 to 33.6% (CI: 29.8-37.8) in 2014. Current smoking among U.S. adults declined from 20.6% (CI: 19.9-21.3) in 2009 to 16.8% (CI: 16.2-17.4) in 2014. HIV-positive adults in care were significantly more likely to be current smokers compared with the general U.S. population; they were also less likely to quit smoking. For both HIV-positive adults in care and the general population, disparities were noted by racial/ethnic, educational level, and poverty-level subgroups. For most years, non-Hispanic blacks, those with less than high school education, and those living below poverty level were more likely to be current smokers and less likely to quit smoking compared with non-Hispanic whites, those with greater than high school education, and those living above poverty level, respectively. To decrease smoking-related causes of illness and death and to decrease HIV-related disparities, smoking cessation interventions are vital as part of routine care with HIV-positive persons. Clinicians who care for HIV-positive persons who smoke should utilize opportunities to discuss and implement smoking cessation strategies during routine clinical visits. |
Henschel Hs 117
The Henschel Hs 117 Schmetterling (German for Butterfly) was a radio-guided German surface-to-air missile project developed during World War II. There was also an air-to-air version, the Hs 117H.
The operators used a telescopic sight and a joystick to guide the missile by radio control, which was detonated by acoustic and photoelectric proximity fuses, at .
Development
In 1941, Professor Herbert A. Wagner (who was previously responsible for the Henschel Hs 293 anti-ship missile) invented the Schmetterling missile and submitted it to the Reich Air Ministry (RLM), who rejected the design because there was no need for more anti-aircraft weaponry.
However, by 1943 the large-scale bombing of Germany caused the RLM to change its mind, and Henschel was given a contract to develop and manufacture it. The team was led by Professor Wagner, and it produced a weapon somewhat resembling a bottlenose dolphin with swept wings and cruciform tail.
In May 1944, 59 Hs 117 missiles were tested, some from beneath a Heinkel He 111; over half the trials failed. Mass production was ordered in December 1944, with deployment to start in March 1945. Operational missiles were to be launched from a 37mm gun carriage.
In January 1945, a prototype for mass production was completed, and production of 3,000 missiles a month was anticipated, but on 6 February, SS-Obergruppenführer Hans Kammler cancelled the project.
Variants
The Hs 117H was an air-launched variant, designed to be launched from a Dornier Do 217, Junkers Ju 188, or Junkers Ju 388. This version was designed to attack enemy aircraft up to above the launching aircraft.
See also
References
External links
Henschel Hs117 Schmettering (Butterfly) - Royal Air Force Museum, Cosford (UK)
German language page on the Hs 117 Schmetterling SAM missile
Category:World War II guided missiles of Germany
Category:Surface-to-air missiles of Germany |
Anthony S. Caprio
Anthony S. Caprio is the current president of Western New England University and a French language scholar. He is the fifth President of Western New England University, succeeding Dr. Beverly Miller.
Dr. Caprio is a member of Phi Beta Kappa and the law school accreditation committee of the American Bar Association.
Selection as President
Dr. Caprio was selected by a unanimous vote of the Board of Trustees in June 1996, after a seven-month national search. He began his tenure as President on September 1, 1996.
Biography
Dr. Caprio received the B.A. degree in 1967 from Wesleyan University, where he was named to Phi Beta Kappa, the M.A. from Columbia University in 1969, and the Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1973. He undertook his studies also in Paris. He was awarded the honorary bachelor's degree from Western New England University in 2000.
Since 1973, he has worked as a teacher and administrator in a wide range of institutions, both private and public. Prior to his appointment as President of Western New England University, Dr. Caprio served for seven years as provost and professor of language and literature at Oglethorpe University in Atlanta where he was responsible as chief academic officer for all matters related to faculty and to undergraduate and graduate curriculum. Dr. Caprio led the development of the University's strategic plan and its subsequent implementation, including the innovative integration of the institution's liberal arts curriculum within its urban setting. His efforts with regard to internationalization of the University resulted in numerous exchange agreements with universities in Europe, Japan, and South America.
Before joining Oglethorpe University, President Caprio held administrative and faculty positions at several institutions. From 1980-1989, he was professor and administrator at American University in Washington, D.C. where he was responsible for faculty and staff in languages and literatures, area and foreign studies, linguistics, and English as a second language. He helped establish study abroad centers in Poland and in Argentina with the American University World Capitals Program, held academic program oversight of American University in Rome, and developed interdisciplinary undergraduate and graduate programs with other units of the University. At American University he was recognized with the Administrator-Faculty Award for Outstanding Performance. Prior to American University, he served at Cedar Crest College in Pennsylvania and Lehman College of the City University of New York.
Listed in Who's Who in America, Who's Who in the World, Who's Who in the East, and Who's Who in American Education, Dr. Caprio is a noted language scholar who has published two books in the areas of language and literature, including Reflets de la Femme (1973), and the once widely used college text French for Communication (1985). These books are no longer in print.
President Caprio is a frequent speaker on diverse aspects of higher education at regional, national, and international conferences, as well as at numerous colleges and universities in the United States and abroad. He is a frequent consultant and evaluator for numerous colleges, universities, and national educational organizations.
Accomplishments and Challenges
Caprio has presided over an era change and growth at Western New England University. Several major building projects (Commonwealth Hall, LaRiviere Hall, the S. Prestley Blake Law Center expansion, Golden Bear Stadium, the St. Germain Campus Center renovation, the Kevin S. Delbridge Welcome Center, the George E. Trelease Memorial Baseball Park, Southwood Hall, and the Center for the Sciences and Pharmacy, and the new Dining Hall) have been completed on his watch. Many of these projects were made possible through the Transformations: The Campaign for Western New England College. This $20 million effort was conducted entirely during Dr. Caprio's tenure, with honorable assistance from the Board of Trustees. The Campaign raised over $23 million for the University, exceeding the initial goal by over $3 million.
President Caprio has spearheaded the creation of the Western New England University College of Pharmacy, the first new College at the University in 41 years. Complementing the College of Pharmacy is a new Center for the Science and Pharmacy. This , $40 million addition to campus houses the administrative functions of the College of Pharmacy, and state-of-the-art classrooms and laboratories supporting the College of Pharmacy and all science programs at the University. It was the largest building project in the history of the University.
Enrollment and academic qualifications of new students have also increased dramatically during Caprio's administration. The University has delivered its signature quality to a larger undergraduate student body during his time as president. Full-time undergraduate enrollment was 2,456 students for the 2007-08 academic year, a 19.2 percent increase since the 2001-02 academic year. Additionally, the School of Law saw a 29.4 percent increase in total enrollment in the same period.
Student indebtedness is one of the many challenges facing chief executives in higher education. Caprio has stated that reversing a trend of graduate indebtedness will be accomplished by increasing the financial aid pool. Comparable to most institutions, tuition and fees have increased since Caprio arrived in 1996. However, the proportion of student tuition and fees discounted through grant aid has increased significantly as well. Caprio's Transformations includes a goal of increasing the financial aid endowment as part of continuing efforts to reduce student indebtedness. The campaign is providing for 79 scholarships.
References
External links
Official Biography
Western New England University website
Category:Living people
Category:Wesleyan University alumni
Category:Western New England University
Category:Columbia University alumni
Category:Lehman College faculty
Category:Cedar Crest College faculty
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
In situ preparation of a highly active N-heterocyclic carbene-coordinated olefin metathesis catalyst.
Highly active N-heterocyclic carbene-coordinated catalysts may be synthesized and used in situ, without requiring prior isolation of the catalyst. Activation of this in situ catalyst with ethereal HCl dramatically reduces the reaction times required for high conversions. A variety of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl-containing substrates participate readily in cross and ring-closing metathesis reactions using this preparation. |
Ripple XRP gets new supporters quite regularly, given the excellent functionality. Experts point out that more and more users are becoming members of the Ripple XRP community. Supporters of the project emphasize the high potential of cryptocurrency. Some cases of this are particularly significant. Therefore, Tron holders began to exchange their TRX to XRP tokens.
Another reason for replenishing the Ripple XRP community was the serious attitude of the head, Brad Garlinghouse regarding the development of the company. Users emphasized that the Ripple CEO is capable of doing what he says, unlike the Tron CEO.
Ripple gains new supporters in the face of former Tron holders with large amounts of the latter. Thus, the owner of 3 million Tron (TRX) announced that he is switching to Ripple XRP. Analysts emphasized that the reason is a decrease in confidence in Tron. In this manner, former supporters of cryptocurrency project headed by Justin Sun note that XRP is becoming more interesting to them since it is a “really working product”.
$TRX is a nice project, but they use its own HYPE to grow Justin bank account.$XRP is focused on its own token.
Tron dumping and Justin promoting $OCN then $BTT , now $WIN , what’s next? $XRP will be my alt investment “less long term risk”, obviously $BTC is my biggest hold. — Alex ₿eadi 💎 (@BeadiAlex) August 3, 2019
The first such post about Ripple XRP reshuffle was published on Twitter by the owner of 3 million Tron (TRX). In the comments on the post, other users of the social network supported him, noting that they were also going to turn their attention to Ripple XRP. New Ripple XRP proponents have also indicated that they are extremely comfortable with the higher stability of this digital asset.
“I was officially out of TRX 2 weeks ago after I sold my last BTT. I lost completely faith in Tron Foundation. Been hodling XRP for 2 years now and have no doubt it’s going places in the future,” posted used under nickname Lif3isgood on his Twitter.
Besides, users appreciated the head of Ripple fintech startup Brad Garlinghouse. The head of Ripple, as new supporters of XRP emphasized, seems to them to be the person who does what he says, unlike the CEO of Tron. In the comments, it was noted that users like Ripple’s CEO on the Web discussing business and banking around the world. This inspired even more confidence in the Ripple XRP cryptocurrency.
Other News
On August 7, Ripple XRP token was listed on the Poloniex American major cryptocurrency exchange. The asset is trading in pairs with USDT and USDC. No reason is given for adding Ripple XRP right now. According to the statement:
“The nine new margin quote pairs are as follows: ETH/USDC, XRP/USDC, USDT/USDC, BCHABC/USDC, BCHSV/USDC, XMR/USDC, ETH/USDT, XRP/USDT, STR/USDT.”
Supporters of Ripple XRP have reacted positively to the new listing featuring Ripple XRP, noting that this effects it even closer to the likelihood of an increase in the value of the digital asset. Experts also emphasized that the new listing indicates an even greater increase in interest from exchanges to Ripple XRP. |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The eye is a relatively isolated compartment which contains the retina, a part of the central nervous system. The retina is affected by many prevalent vascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and development of treatments for these diseases is a high priority. In addition, therapeutic effects of anti-angiogenic, anti-permeability, or neurotrophic agents may predict effects in other tissues of the body; thus, the eye is often used as a model system. The retina lines the inner surface of the wall of the eye and borders the vitreous cavity filled with vitreous, a clear viscous fluid. Proteins secreted by the retina enter the vitreous and therefore levels of particular proteins in the vitreous are markers for function or dysfunction of the retina. Most of the proteins secreted into the vitreous diffuse into aqueous humour in the anterior chamber and exit the eye through the trabecular meshwork, the main outflow channel of the eye. The concentration of a protein in aqueous humor reflects its level in the vitreous and the retina^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. Thus, analysis of aqueous or vitreous samples provides important information regarding the status of the retina. Vitreous samples obtained at the time of surgery for retinal diseases have provided insights into proteins involved in various diseases^[@CR3]--[@CR5]^. Aqueous humour samples can be obtained in the outpatient clinic allowing serial measurement of analytes which is extremely useful for investigating the molecular pathogenesis of disease and for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies^[@CR6]^.
Studying vitreous and aqueous samples in patients is particularly useful for exploring the molecular pathogenesis of diseases for which there are no good animal models, but for diseases for which animal models exist, it is also useful, because it provides a means of comparing molecular biomarkers in the model with those seen in the corresponding human disease. Once such validation is obtained, the value of the model is increased. Aqueous and vitreous samples are easily obtained from rabbits and monkeys which have relatively large eyes, but they are difficult to obtain from rodents. However, the ability to manipulate the genome of rodents has led to the generation of many rodent models that mimic key aspects of human diseases. In this study, we describe a novel way to obtain vitreous and aqueous samples in rodents and illustrate several ways in which those samples are useful.
Results {#Sec2}
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Mouse vitreous taps {#Sec3}
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Vitreous taps in mice are challenging because of the small size of the eye and relatively large size of the lens which occupies the majority of the eye leaving only a thin crescent between the lens and retina for the vitreous (Fig. [1a](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Even intravitreous injections, which are trivial and routine in humans, are difficult in mice because the imposing lens must be avoided and the small vitreous cavity can accommodate only a volume of 1 µl without reflux becoming a problem. Pulled glass micropipettes and pumps to eliminate finger movements facilitate intravitreous injections in mice by reducing the size of the instrument inserted between the lens and retina and by reducing manipulation and movement that could result in lens or retinal contact. It occurred to one of the authors (SDF) that a pump used for intravitreous injection could easily be converted into a vacuum allowing aspiration of vitreous if the opening in the pipette was large enough to accommodate the viscosity of the vitreous. Vitreous could not be aspirated through pulled glass micropipettes unless the tip was broken to provide an inner diameter of 100 µm and a corresponding outer diameter of 150 µm(Fig. [1b](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). The procedure for mouse vitreous taps is as follows. A micropipette puller is used to pull the tips of standard glass pipettes. After cooling, the tapered tip of the micropipette is grasped with forceps and broken (supplemental video). Mice are anesthetized, the eye is proptosed in front of the eye lids, and the tip is inserted through the sclera 2 mm posterior to the limbus (Fig. [1c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}, left). Suction is activated by stepping on the foot petal with the pump in reverse mode and vitreous is slowly aspirated (Fig. [1c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}, middle) allowing collection of as much as 3.5--4 µl in 4--6 weeks old mice (Fig. [1c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}, right; supplemental video). The mice are then euthanized and although eye removal and retinal dissection are more challenging than normal because the eye is soft, the retina can be dissected allowing comparative studies on vitreous and retina.Figure 1Mousetap technique. (**a**) Diagram of mouse eye showing aqueous humour anterior to the lens and vitreous humour posterior to the lens. The vitreous cavity is a narrow crescent that must be entered carefully to avoid the lens. The optic nerve (ON) exits from the posterior pole of the eye. (**b**) A pulled glass micropipette is broken to provide a sharp tip with an opening of about 100 µm. (**c**) To perform mousetap, the foot activated pump is set on aspirate, the eye is proptosed and held firm by the thumb applying gentle pressure 180° from the injection site, the micropipette is oriented to avoid the lens, the sclera is penetrated 2 mm posterior to the limbus (left panel), the foot petal is depressed, and vitreous is aspirated into the pipette (middle panel). Right panel shows the total amount of vitreous obtained, about 3.5--4 µl.
Mouse aqueous taps {#Sec4}
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A similar procedure can be used to obtain undiluted aqueous from mice. This is a terminal procedure unlike aqueous taps in humans which are minimally invasive and can be repeated many times. For aqueous taps, pulled glass micropipettes require a slightly narrower tip with an inner diameter of 80 µm and a corresponding outer diameter of 100 µm (Supplemental Fig. [1a](#MOESM2){ref-type="media"}). Unlike aqueous taps in humans or large animals, the cornea is not penetrated at the limbus, but rather the sharp tip of the broken pulled glass micropipette is inserted near the center of the cornea where separation from the lens is greatest (Supplemental Fig. [1b](#MOESM2){ref-type="media"}). As opposed to mouse vitreous taps, no forced aspiration is required because the viscosity of the aqueous is low and the small differential between intraocular and atmospheric pressure is sufficient to cause the aqueous to spontaneously enter the pipette (Supplemental Fig. [1b](#MOESM2){ref-type="media"}, second and third columns; supplemental video).
Multiple independent samples verified that the proteome of aqueous is very different from that of vitreous indicating that these are distinct fluids (Fig. [2a](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). In adult mice and postnatal day (P) 17 juvenile mice, the mean protein concentration of the aspirated vitreous was less than 2 µg/µl, but in P17 mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR)^[@CR7]^ in which there is extensive retinal neovascularization (NV) and severe breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, the mean protein concentration of the aspirated vitreous was significantly greater, approximately 6 µg/µl (Fig. [2b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}).Figure 2Mouse vitreous humour and aqueous humour proteomes. (**a**) SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining of vitreous humour proteome versus aqueous humour proteome. The 3 lanes labeled vitreous humour are independent vitreous samples from 3 different mice and the 3 lanes labeled aqueous humor are aqueous samples from 3 different mice. (**b**) Bars (n = 5 for each) show mean ( ± SEM) total protein concentration in vitreous humour from eyes of normal adult mice, P17 mice raise in room air (normoxia), and P17 mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR). \*\*\*p \< 0.001 by ANOVA with Dunnett's correction for multiple comparisons.
Mousetap facilitates quantitative assessment of retinal vascular leakage {#Sec5}
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Leakage from pre-existent retinal vessels or from NV is a major source of reduced vision in patients with retinal/choroidal vascular disease; therefore, procedures to assess leakage are used in clinical care and clinical trials and it is important to test the efficacy of new anti-permeability agents in validated mouse models. Fluorescein angiography is a good technique to detect and localize leakage, but it is not quantitative. In adult mice, large retinal vessels are narrow with sharp borders and small vessels are regular and somewhat indistinct in a low magnification view (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, top row, first column). In mice with choroidal NV due to laser-induced rupture of Bruch's membrane^[@CR8]^, which corresponds to type 2 choroidal NV (originates from the choroid and penetrates through Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) into the subretinal space) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration, there are irregular spots of hyperfluorescence with fuzzy borders beneath retinal vessels which have sharp borders and appear distinct from the choroidal NV (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, top row, second column). Transgenic mice in which the *rhodopsin* promoter drives expression of VEGF in photoreceptors (*rho/VEGF* mice) develop type 3 choroidal NV which originates from the deep capillary bed of the retina, grows through the photoreceptor layer, and forms networks of new vessels in the subretinal space^[@CR9],[@CR10]^. Fluorescein angiography of *rho/VEGF* mice shows hyperfluorescent spots with indistinct borders that appear deep to large retinal vessels which appear distinct, but connect with small retinal vessels which is difficult to see on the low magnification images of a fluorescein angiogram (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, top row, third column) but is seen in magnified views of a retinal whole mount incubated with a FITC-labeled lectin that selectively stains vascular cells (see Fig. [2a](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"} in Lui *et al*.^[@CR11]^). Retinal vascular development starts at postnatal day (P) 0 and is completed by P28. Fluorescein angiography of a P17 mouse raised in room air (P17 normoxia, Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, second row, first column) shows retinal vessels with fuzzy borders indicating that the blood-retinal barrier is not completely formed at this stage of development. Mice with OIR are placed in 70% oxygen at P7 which results in down-regulation of VEGF and regression of newly formed retinal vessels and when returned to room air at P12, there are areas of ischemic retina resulting in upregulation of VEGF and other hypoxia-regulated gene products followed by growth of retinal NV^[@CR7]^. Fluorescein angiography of a P17 mouse with OIR shows dilated retinal vessels with fuzzy borders and a diffuse green haze indicating substantial extravascular fluorescein (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"} second row, second column). After the administration of 2 mg/ml doxycycline in drinking water, double transgenic *Tet/opsin/VEGF* mice express VEGF in photoreceptors which increases over time and after 3 days VEGF levels are more than 30-fold higher than those seen in *rho/VEGF* mice^[@CR12]^. Leakage from retinal vessels also increases over time and 4 days after starting doxycycline, it is so severe that most *Tet/opsin/VEGF* mice develop total exudative retinal detachment. Fluorescein angiography 2 days after starting doxycycline shows dilated vessels allowing small vessels to be very well-seen (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, third row, first column), but 3 days after starting doxycycline small vessels are obscured by severe leakage and diffuse green haze from extravascular fluorescein (Fig. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}, third row, second column).Figure 3Quantification of blood-retinal barrier breakdown in mouse models by measurement of albumin concentration in vitreous humour. (**a**) Fluorescein angiogram of a normal adult mouse (row 1, column1), mouse with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to laser-induced rupture of Bruch's membrane (row 1, column 2), transgenic mouse in which the *rhodopsin* promoter drives expression of VEGF in photoreceptors (Rho/VEGF; row 1, column 3), P17 mouse raised in room air (P17 normoxia; row 2, column 1), P17 mouse with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (P17 OIR; row 2, column 2), and double transgenic mouse with doxycycline-inducible expression of VEGF in photoreceptors treated with 2 mg/ml of doxycycline in drinking water for 2 days (Tet/Opsin/VEGF D2; row 3, column 1) or 3 days (Tet/Opsin/VEGF D3; row 3, column 2). (**b**) Bars (n = at least 5) show mean ( ± SEM) albumin concentration in vitreous humour measured by ELISA for each of the mouse models shown in (a). \*\*p \< 0.01 compared with normal adult by ANOVA with Dunnett's correction; ^†††^p \< 0.001 compared with P17 normoxia by Student's t-test; ^ǂǂ^p \< 0.01 compared with Tet/Opsin/VEGF D2 by Student's t-test.
Measurement of albumin in vitreous samples obtained by mousetap provides precise quantification of the amount of vascular leakage in each of the models describe above. Compared with normal adult mice, the mean vitreous concentration of albumin is significantly greater in adult mice with choroidal NV at 5 rupture sites in Bruch's membrane or adult *rho/VEGF* mice (Fig. [3b](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). Compared with P17 mice raised in room air, mean vitreous albumin concentration was significantly greater in P17 mice with OIR. Mean vitreous albumin concentration was significantly greater in samples obtained from *Tet/opsin/VEGF* mice 3 days after onset of doxycycline compared with samples obtained 2 days after starting doxycycline.
Mousetap provides a useful way to compare vitreous levels of proteins in normal and diseased eyes {#Sec6}
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At P15, twenty mice with OIR and twenty control mice raised in standard room air conditions had vitreous samples obtained from each eye by mousetap. The 40 samples for each group were pooled and 120 µl of the pooled samples were assayed in angiogenesis protein arrays. Compared with vitreous from controls, that from OIR mice showed substantial increases in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGFBP-1, IGFBP-9, platelet factor 4 (PF4), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), placental growth factor-2 (PlGF-2), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), MMP-9, pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and macrophage colony stimulating factor-1 (MCP-1) (Fig. [4a and b](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}).Figure 4Comparisons of angiogenesis-related proteins in vitreous humour from eyes of normal P15 mice and P15 mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR). Pooled vitreous humour samples of equivalent volume from P15 mice raise in room air and P15 mice with OIR (20 mice, 40 eyes for each condition) were run in angiogenesis protein arrays. (**a**) Images of membranes from arrays. (**b**) Each bar is the average optical density from duplicate wells for detectable proteins.
Discussion {#Sec7}
==========
The relative isolation of the eye from the rest of the body provides therapeutic benefits. One benefit is the ability to provide local administration of drugs to the eye. Intraocular injection of VEGF-neutralizing proteins is a breakthrough treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, and retinal vein occlusion^[@CR13]^. Systemic suppression of VEGF has adverse effects that are tolerated in the treatment of life-threatening malignancies, but cannot be tolerated in patients with ocular diseases^[@CR14]^. Intraocular injection of anti-VEGF agents allows usage of small amounts of these agents that slowly exit from the eye resulting in minimal systemic exposure.
Relatively isolated fluid-filled spaces, the vitreous cavity filled with vitreous and the anterior chamber filled with aqueous, can be accessed to obtain vitreous or aqueous samples. These samples provide diagnostic benefits including the ability to measure proteins such as VEGF that have been implicated as critical in the pathogenesis and progression of diseases^[@CR6]^. Baseline aqueous levels of VEGF predict visual outcomes in patients with retinal vein occlusion treated with intraocular injections of a VEGF-neutralizing protein^[@CR15]^. The ability to obtain serial aqueous samples from patients after intraocular injection of a small polymer cylinder that slowly releases fluocinolone acetonide allowed precise pharmacodynamic analysis and documentation that therapeutic levels are present in the eye for 3 years^[@CR16],[@CR17]^. Likewise, serial measurements of transgene levels from aqueous samples has provided the first data documenting the level and duration of transgene expression after ocular gene therapy in patients^[@CR18],[@CR19]^.
In this study we have described a novel technique to obtain vitreous and aqueous samples in mice and have illustrated types of investigations that these samples facilitate. Quantification of alterations in retinal vascular permeability and the effect of therapeutic agents to suppress excessive permeability is a very useful application. A common approach is to inject an exogenous tracer into the systemic circulation and then measure levels in the retina. This requires injection of the exact same amount of tracer in each animal which is generally assumed to be the case, but is rarely verified. Despite diligent attempts to inject the same amount of \[^3^H\]mannitol in different mice, systemic levels of \[^3^H\]mannitol varied, and it was necessary to account for differences in systemic levels among mice by calculating the retina:renal and retina:lung \[^3^H\]mannitol leakage ratios^[@CR20]^. Another approach is to use serum albumin as an endogenous marker for extravascular leakage^[@CR21],[@CR22]^. Immunohistochemistry for serum albumin provides localization and qualitative assessment of leakage. It is possible to measure albumin concentration in retinal homogenates by ELISA, but it is necessary to perfuse the mouse through the left ventricle with PBS to wash out all intravascular albumin prior to isolation of the retina. Since proteins that leak into the retina diffuse into the vitreous and because the vitreous is avascular, measurement of albumin in vitreous is much simpler and eliminates potential confounding factors encountered with measurements in retinal homogenates. Measurement of albumin levels in mouse models of ocular NV were consistent with qualitative assessments of vascular leakage severity by fluorescein angiography and were highly reproducible within groups of mice of the same model (Fig. [3](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). This suggests that quantitative assessment of retinal vascular leakage by measurement of albumin concentration in vitreous is a suitable approach to assess the efficacy of anti-permeability agents.
Experiments aimed at identifying proteins contributing to pathologic effects in the retina are another useful application for aqueous and vitreous samples. Almost all of the proteins that were substantially higher in the vitreous of mice with OIR versus age-matched controls have been previously demonstrated to be increased in the vitreous of patients with PDR compared with controls, including PAI-1^[@CR23]^, IGFBPs^[@CR24]--[@CR26]^, PTX3^[@CR27]^, PlGFs^[@CR28],[@CR29]^, MMPs^[@CR5],[@CR30],[@CR31]^, TIMP-1^[@CR32]^, SDF-1^[@CR33]^, and MCP-1^[@CR34],[@CR35]^. These molecular correlations support the anatomic correlations of retinal nonperfusion and retinal NV, indicating that the OIR mouse model recapitulates critical aspects of PDR and that vitreous samples obtained from OIR mice are likely to be useful for investigations of the molecular pathogenesis of PDR and other human ischemic retinopathies.
In conclusion, the procedures to obtain vitreous and aqueous samples from mice described herein are useful tools that facilitate quantitative assessment of the blood-retinal barrier, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies, and studies exploring the molecular pathogenesis of retinal diseases.
Methods {#Sec8}
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Mice {#Sec9}
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Mice were treated in accordance with the ARVO Statement for Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research and protocols were reviewed and approved by the Johns Hopkins University Animal Care and Use Committee. All transgenic mice were in a C57BL/6 background and were genotyped by PCR for validation of transgenes. Wild type C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Charles River (Frederick, MD).
Mouse model of OIR {#Sec10}
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Ischemic retinopathy was induced in neonatal mice as previously described^[@CR7]^. In brief, at postnatal day 7 (P7), wild-type mothers and pups were placed in hyperoxia chambers (75 ± 3% O~2~) for 5 days. At P12, the mice were returned to room air and ischemic retinopathy was allowed to develop until P15 or P17 as indicated.
Laser-induced choroidal NV in mice {#Sec11}
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Type 2 choroidal NV was induced in adult wild type mice by laser photocoagulation-induced rupture of Bruch's membrane as previously described^[@CR8]^. In brief, 4--6 week old mice were anesthetized, pupils were dilated with 1% tropicamide (Alcon Labs, Inc., Fort Worth, TX), and Bruch's membrane was ruptured at 3, 5, 8, 10, and 12 o'clock positions 1 mm from the optic nerve with 532 nm diode laser photocoagulation (75 µm spot size, 0.1 s duration, 130 mW) using the slit lamp delivery system of an OcuLight GL Photocoagulator (Iridex, Mountain View, CA) and a cover slide as a contact lens.
Transgenic mice with expression of VEGF in photoreceptors {#Sec12}
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Transgenic mice in which the *rhodopsin* promoter drives expression of VEGF~165~ in photoreceptors (*rho/VEGF* mice) develop type 3 choroidal NV that sprouts from the deep capillary bed of the retina and grows into the subretinal space^[@CR9],[@CR10]^. *Rho/VEGF* mice and age-matched controls had fluorescein angiography at P30 and then vitreous samples were obtained by mousetap and albumin concentrations were measured. Double transgenic mice with inducible expression of VEGF~165~ in photoreceptors (*Tet/Opsin/VEGF* mice) develop severe leakage from retinal vessels resulting in exudative retinal detachment 4 days after initiation of 2 mg/mL doxycycline in drinking water^[@CR12]^. Mousetap was done to obtain vitreous samples 2 or 3 days after initiation of doxycycline and albumin concentrations were measured.
Mousetap {#Sec13}
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Mouse vitreous humour collection was done using the Harvard Pump Microinjection System (Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA). A Flaming/Brown Micropipette Puller (model P-97, Sutter Instruments, Novato, CA) was used to pull the tips of standard glass pipettes (100 mm in length with a 1 mm outer diameter and 0.75 mm inner diameter). The instrument settings were heat 280, pull 50, velocity 200, and delay 100. The micropipette tip was broken at an angle to provide a sharp tip with an inner diameter of 100 µm (outer diameter 150 µm), and was inserted at a 45° angle into the vitreous cavity 2 mm posterior to the limbus. The foot pedal was activated to slowly aspirate 3.5 µL of undiluted vitreous humour. Samples were immediately placed on ice, and the needle was flushed with sterile PBS in between collections. Samples were centrifuged at 6,000 rpm for 30 seconds and stored at −80 °C.
Mouse aqueous humour collection {#Sec14}
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Mouse aqueous humour was collected using the Harvard Pump Microinjection System and pulled glass micropipettes. The micropipette tip was broken at an angle to provide a sharp tip with an inner diameter of 80 µm (outer diameter 100 µm) and was inserted through the center of the cornea into the anterior chamber. Aqueous humour spontaneously entered the pipette allowing collection of 4--5 µL of undiluted aqueous humour. Samples were immediately placed on ice and the needle was flushed with sterile PBS in between collections. Samples were centrifuged at 6,000 rpm for 30 seconds and stored at −80 °C.
Measurement of total protein and separation of proteins by PAGE {#Sec15}
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Total protein concentration was measured using Bradford assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) for vitreous samples from adult wild-type mice, juvenile P17 normoxic mice, and P17 OIR mice. Proteins in aqueous and vitreous samples (10 µl) were incubated with Bolt LDS Sample Buffer and DTT (25 µM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) at 95 °C for 5 minutes. Samples were separated on a NuPAGE 4--12% Bis-Tris gel under reducing conditions using MES SDS running buffer. Following electrophoresis, the gel was stained with Coomassie Blue R-250 (Bio-Rad) for 3 hours and visualized using the ChemiDoc XRS System (Bio-Rad).
Fluorescein angiography {#Sec16}
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Adult wild-type mice, P17 normoxic mice, P17 mice with OIR, adult wild type mice with choroidal NV, P30 *rho/VEGF* mice, Tet/Opsin/VEGF mice at 2 or 3 days after addition of doxycycline to drinking water (2 mg/ml) were anesthetized, pupils were dilated with 1% tropicamide, and fundus photographs were obtained with a Micron III Retinal Imaging Microscope (Phoenix Research Laboratories Inc., Pleasanton, CA) before and at several time points after intraperitoneal injection of 50 µL of 25% fluorescein (AK-Fluor; Lake Forest, IL).
Measurement of albumin in vitreous samples {#Sec17}
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Vitreous humour was collected from the eyes of adult wild-type mice, P17 normoxic mice, P17 mice with OIR, adult wild type mice with choroidal NV, P30 *rho/VEGF* mice, Tet/Opsin/VEGF mice at 2 or 3 days after addition of doxycycline to drinking water (2 mg/ml). Using the manufacturer's instructions, a mouse albumin ELISA kit (ab108791; Abcam, Cambridge, MA) was used to measure albumin levels in 1 µL of diluted vitreous humour and albumin samples for standard curve generation. The plate was read at 450 nm and 570 nm.
Angiogenic protein array of vitreous samples from P15 control and OIR mice {#Sec18}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
At P15, vitreous humour was collected from the eyes of control mice and mice with OIR. Using the manufacturer's instructions, a mouse angiogenesis array kit (ARY015; R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) was used to compare 53 different angiogenesis-related proteins. Briefly, the prepared samples were incubated with the membrane overnight at 4 °C on a rotating platform. The membranes were then washed with buffer, incubated with Streptavidin-HRP conjugate and chemi reagent mix, and imaged together using the ChemiDoc XRS System (Bio-Rad). Images were analyzed together using the Bio-Rad imaging software and background corrected optical density was quantified for each spot. A difference in OD ≥ 20,000 was used to select proteins that were differentially increased or decreased in OIR versus control vitreous.
Statistics {#Sec19}
----------
Statistical comparisons between multiple groups were done using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's correction and comparisons between two groups were done with Student's t-test.
Data availability {#Sec20}
-----------------
All data are available by contacting the corresponding author.
Electronic supplementary material
=================================
{#Sec21}
Mouse Vitreous and Aqueous Taps Video Supplemental Figure 1
Seth D. Fortmann and Valeria E. Lorenc contributed equally to this work.
**Electronic supplementary material**
**Supplementary information** accompanies this paper at 10.1038/s41598-018-24197-2.
**Publisher\'s note:** Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Peter A. Campochiaro is the George S and Dolores Dore Eccles Professor of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience. Funded by grants from Andrew and Yvette Marriott, Per Bang-Jensen, and Jean S. Lake.
S.D.F.: Designed experiments, performed experiments, collected and analyzed data, prepared figures, recorded video, wrote portions of first draft of manuscript, edited manuscript. V.E.L.: Designed experiments, performed experiments, collected and analyzed data, prepared figures, wrote portions of first draft of manuscript, edited manuscript. J.S., S.F.H.: Designed and performed some experiments, collected and analyzed data, edited manuscript. P.A.C.: Assisted in experimental design, supervised experiments and data analysis, wrote first draft of manuscript.
Competing Interests {#FPar1}
===================
The authors declare no competing interests.
|
AP
DENVER (AP) — The NL West-leading Colorado Rockies locked up a playoff berth for the second straight season, beating the Washington Nationals 5-2 on Friday night for their eighth win in a row behind a resilient start from Kyle Freeland.
David Dahl homered for the fifth consecutive game and Ian Desmond hit a two-run homer against his former team to help Colorado clinch at least a wild card with two games remaining. The Rockies remained one game ahead of Los Angeles as they try to wrap up the franchise's first division crown. The Dodgers won 3-1 in San Francisco.
Wade Davis struck out Bryce Harper looking to end the game and earn his 43rd save. The sellout crowd at Coors Field roared and fireworks went off.
The Rockies are headed to the postseason in back-to-back years for the first time in team history. This is their fifth playoff trip since the franchise began in 1993 — last year, they lost to Arizona in the NL wild-card game.
Freeland (17-7) wiggled out of jam after jam on a cool night to finish the season with a 2.40 ERA in games at the hitter-friendly ballpark. The lefty allowed two runs and 11 hits over six innings before turning it over to a staunch bullpen.
Joe Ross (0-2) allowed four runs over five innings in his third start since undergoing Tommy John surgery last year. Charlie Blackmon had a solo homer in the Rockies third.
YANKEES 11, RED SOX 6
BOSTON (AP) — New York clinched home-field advantage for the AL wild-card game, hitting four homers to tie the major league single-season record and beat Boston.
Aaron Judge hit his first homer since coming off the disabled list Sept. 14, and Gary Sanchez, Aaron Hicks and Luke Voit also homered to match the mark of 264 set by the 1997 Seattle Mariners.
The win in the opener of the three-game series settled the AL's last remaining postseason question with two games to go. The Yankees will host Oakland on Wednesday, with the winner playing Boston.
The Red Sox, who clinched the best record in baseball with a franchise-record 107 wins, were hoping to make things difficult for their archrivals — and the Athletics, too — by forcing the winner of the wild-card game to have to fly cross-country next week. The ALDS begins in Boston on Friday.
J.A. Happ (17-6) pitched three perfect innings and allowed just one hit through five. Staked to an 8-0 lead, he loaded the bases in the sixth for Steve Pearce's grand slam, but got Rafael Devers on a groundout to end the inning. Brian Johnson (4-5) was the loser.
CUBS 8, CARDINALS 4
CHICAGO (AP) — Kyle Hendricks went eight innings in another strong start, Kris Bryant homered and Chicago moved closer to the NL Central championship and dealt another hit to St. Louis' playoff hopes.
The Cubs came into the final weekend of the regular season with a franchise-record fourth straight trip to the postseason assured and their third division title in a row in sight. They remained one game ahead of Milwaukee, which beat Detroit 6-5 on Friday night.
The Cubs can clinch the NL Central on Saturday — and home-field advantage throughout the NL playoffs — with a win and a Brewers loss.
St. Louis dropped its fourth in a row, after being swept by Milwaukee. The Cardinals trail Los Angeles by two games for the second NL wild card after the Dodgers won in San Francisco late Friday night.
With two games remaining, one more St. Louis loss or Los Angeles win would eliminate the Cardinals from postseason contention.
Hendricks (14-11) gave up two runs and seven hits. He's 5-1 with a 1.52 ERA in his past seven outings.
Bryant made it 3-0 with a long solo drive to center against Adam Wainwright (2-4) for just his second homer in 27 games. The 2016 NL MVP sat out the previous two because of a bruised left wrist and has two stints on the disabled list this season because of left shoulder inflammation.
Daniel Murphy had two hits, two runs and an RBI. He singled and scored in a two-run first, doubled and came around in the fifth, and added a sacrifice fly in the seventh.
DODGERS 3, GIANTS 1
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — Justin Turner hit a go-ahead, two-run homer in the fifth inning and the Los Angeles Dodgers moved to the brink of securing baseball's final playoff berth.
The Dodgers remained one game behind NL West-leading Colorado. They also extended their lead to two games over St. Louis for the second NL wild card with two to play.
Los Angeles, which has won the last five division crowns, will go to lefty ace Clayton Kershaw on Saturday.
Hyun-Jin Ryu (7-3) allowed one run on four hits over six innings to win his third straight start. He gave up Nick Hundley's leadoff homer in the second but the defense then backed its pitchers by turning five double plays — including one to end the game.
Kenley Jansen, the fifth Dodgers reliever, finished for his 38th save.
Turner's homer off lefty Madison Bumgarner (6-7) broke a 1-all tie.
BREWERS 6, TIGERS 5
MILWAUKEE (AP) — Ryan Braun hit two homers, the second a solo shot in the eighth inning that bounced off right fielder Nicholas Castellanos' glove and over the fence, and Milwaukee beat Detroit to keep pace with the NL Central-leading Cubs.
Already assured a playoff spot, the second-place Brewers (93-67) stayed one game back of Chicago, with two games left in the regular season.
Braun also hit a solo homer in the first and doubled in the fifth. He benefited from bad luck in the eighth for Castellanos, who was tracking the high fly to the wall to his left. But the ball bounced off the glove raised over his head, then rolled over the top of the padded fence for a homer off Victor Alcantara (1-1).
Jeremy Jeffress hit leadoff batter Jacoby Jones with a pitch in the forearm to lead off the ninth before retiring the next three Tigers for his 14th save. Joakim Soria (2-1) got the win after getting the last two outs of the eighth in relief of Hader.
TWINS 2, WHITE SOX 1, 1ST GAME
TWINS 12, WHITE SOX 4, 2ND GAME
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — Jose Berrios became the first Minnesota pitcher in eight years to reach 200 strikeouts, throwing seven smooth innings against Chicago in the first game of a doubleheader sweep.
Mitch Garver had a career-high six RBIs in the second game.
Berrios (12-11) finished his All-Star season with a career-best 3.84 ERA and 202 strikeouts. The last time a Twins pitcher topped that milestone was Francisco Liriano (201) in 2010, with Johan Santana (235) in 2007 the most recent prior to that. Berrios struck out nine batters, allowing just three hits and one run on Leury Garcia's RBI single in the third.
Joe Mauer, playing possibly the final games of his career with an expiring contract and a pending decision about whether to retire at age 35, went 2 for 4 in each game.
Chase DeJong (1-1) was the winner in the night game. Reynaldo Lopez (7-10) was the loser in the opener, and Lucas Giolito (10-13) dropped the second.
INDIANS 14, ROYALS 6
KANSAS CITY (AP) — Josh Donaldson hit a grand slam and double during a 10-run seventh inning, powering Cleveland past Kansas City.
The AL Central champion Indians improved to 90-70, marking the third time in team history they've won at least 90 in three straight years.
Jason Kipnis' homer in the Cleveland third was the game's only run in the first six innings.
But the Indians then broke loose against Ian Kennedy (3-9) for their first 10-run inning since doing it on Sept. 30, 2012, against the Royals in Cleveland.
Mike Clevinger (13-8) was the winner.
Brian Goodwin hit a grand slam for the Royals in the ninth off Adam Plutko. Whit Merrifield extended his hitting streak to 18 games.
ASTROS 2, ORIOLES 1
BALTIMORE (AP) — Gerrit Cole tuned up for the postseason by pitching six sharp innings, and Houston got a home run from Josh Reddick in the Astros' victory over Baltimore.
The Astros close out the regular season at Camden Yards this weekend after clinching the AL West title on Tuesday night. Houston opens the playoffs at home against Cleveland on Oct. 5.
Cole gave up one run, five hits and a walk. His four strikeouts gave him 276 for the season, and he reached 200 innings for the third time in his career.
Marwin Gonzalez put Houston in front with a bases-loaded single in the eighth off Tanner Scott (3-3).
Tony Sipp (3-1) and Collin McHugh each pitched one inning before Roberto Osuna worked the ninth for his 21st save.
BRAVES 10, PHILLIES 2
PHILADELPHIA (AP) — Freddie Freeman hit three doubles in a four-hit performance and drove in three runs, and Atlanta routed Philadelphia to keep up its push for home-field advantage in the playoffs.
The NL East champion Braves improved to 90-70, coming off three straight seasons of at least 90 losses. They will face the NL West champion in the best-of-five Division Series.
Johan Camargo, who homered, and Ronald Acuna Jr. each had three hits for Atlanta. Mike Foltynewicz (13-10) pitched five strong innings, a week after helping the Braves beat Philadelphia to clinch their crown. Rhys Hoskins homered in the ninth for the Phillies, and Jerad Eickhoff (0-1) was the loser.
MARLINS 8, METS 1
NEW YORK (AP) — David Wright finally made it back into a major league game, grounding out in his first plate appearance for New York in nearly 2 1/2 years in a loss to Miami.
Sidelined by neck, back and shoulder injuries since May 27, 2016, the 35-year-old Wright came up as a pinch-hitter leading off the fifth inning. Wright is scheduled to start at third base Saturday night against the last-place Marlins in his goodbye game before a sellout crowd. Unable to overcome all the injuries, he said he expects this weekend to mark his final appearance in the big leagues.
Urena (9-12) won his sixth straight decision, holding the Mets to one run over six innings.
Paul Sewald (0-7) was the loser.
PIRATES 8, REDS 4
CINCINNATI (AP) — Elias Diaz hit a tiebreaking homer, and Colin Moran also homered and drove in three runs and Pittsburgh pulled away its their seventh straight win over Cincinnati.
The Pirates are 13-4 against their Ohio River rivals this season with their longest winning streak against Cincinnati since 1991, when they took nine in a row.
The Reds are ending another disappointing season in a rut, dropping six straight and 11 of 14. Their loss on Friday was their 94th of the season, matching their total for each of the last two years. They've dropped at least 90 games in four straight seasons, one shy of the club record from 1930-34.
Nick Kingham gave up Eugenio Suarez's two-run homer, his first since Sept. 10, during his 3 2/3 innings. Steven Brault (6-3) allowed three hits in 2 1/3 innings. Reds catcher Tucker Barnhart had a career-high five hits, including a triple, a bunt single and a two-run homer.
Anthony DeSclafani (7-8) was the loser.
BLUE JAYS 7, RAYS 6
ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. (AP) — Randal Grichuk hit a pinch-hit, three-run triple and Toronto rallied to beat Tampa Bay.
Jon Berti, playing in his second big league game after eight years in the minors, had a two-run double for his first career RBIs to tie it at 4 in the sixth inning.
Grichuk's first triple of the season came off Jose Alvarado (1-6) to put Toronto up 7-5 in the seventh. Adam Moore's first home run since 2012 drove in the final run for Tampa Bay in the eighth.
Tim Mayza (2-0) got the win and Ken Giles pitched the ninth for his 26th save.
ANGELS 8, ATHLETICS 5
ANAHEIM, Calif. (AP) — Mike Trout hit a two-run homer, Shohei Ohtani went 3 for 3 and Los Angeles claimed the series opener.
Taylor Ward also had a two-run shot for the Angels (79-81). If they can sweep the weekend series, they would finish with a .500 record in what is widely expected to be Mike Scioscia's final season as manager after 19 years.
The Yankees routed the Red Sox 11-6 earlier Friday to clinch home-field advantage in the AL wild-card game, leaving the A's to travel cross-country to play Wednesday night in the Bronx for the right to face Boston in the best-of-five Division Series.
Mike Fiers (12-8) entered in the second inning for Oakland and was hit hard.
Taylor Cole (4-2) allowed one hit in 2 1/3 innings, struck out five and walked one. Hansel Robles worked the ninth to earn his second save.
MARINERS 12, RANGERS 6
SEATTLE (AP) — Robinson Cano had four hits and Cameron Maybin had four RBIs as the Seattle Mariners built a nine-run lead after three innings on the way to the win.
Maybin had three hits and Cano drove in two runs and scored twice. The Mariners scored seven times in the second inning, helped by four walks from Martin Perez (2-7) and a three-run error by right fielder Nomar Mazara.
Perez had allowed two runs when he was replaced by Jeffrey Springs with two outs and the bases loaded. Jean Segura hit a fly ball and it looked as if it would be an easy catch for Mazara at the front of the warning track, but the ball skipped off the top of his glove, clearing the bases to make it 5-0. A single by Cano and a double by Nelson Cruz accounted for the final two runs of the inning.
Seattle added two runs in the third on a double by Maybin and a single by Cano that made it 9-0. Maybin had an RBI double one inning later and a two-run single in the eighth.
Robinson Chirinos hit a two-run homer and the Rangers scored four runs off Wade LeBlanc (9-5) in the fourth. He gave up two more runs in the fifth.
PADRES 3, DIAMONDBACKS 2, 15 INNINGS
SAN DIEGO (AP) — Freddy Galvis doubled home the winning run in the 15th inning to give San Diego a victory over Arizona.
Hunter Renfroe's pinch-hit homer for the Padres with two outs in the 12th tied the score at 2. Pinch-hitter Javy Guerra drew a leadoff walk from Matt Andriese (0-3) in the 15th and scored on Galvis' double to right field.
Colten Brewer (1-0) worked two innings for his first major league win.
Nick Ahmed's shallow sacrifice fly put the Diamondbacks ahead 2-1 in the top of the 12th.
Jose Pirela also homered for San Diego.
___
More AP baseball: https://apnews.com/tag/MLBbaseball and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports |
Penguins Top Jackets For Series
Malkin Records Hat Trick in 4-3 Victory
April 29, 2014
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Evgeni Malkin had a hat trick and the Pittsburgh Penguins almost blew a four-goal lead before beating the Columbus Blue Jackets 4-3 on Monday night to clinch their first-round playoff series in six games.
The Blue Jackets, closer to making tee times than thinking about a Game 7, scored three times in a 4:52 span in the third period to turn up the pressure on the Penguins.
Pittsburgh awaits the winner of the New York-Philadelphia series, with the Rangers leading 3-2 going into Tuesday night's Game 6.
Article Photos
AP PhotoColumbus’s Jack Skille, left, tries to carry the puck past Pittsburgh’s Paul Martin during the second period Monday in Columbus.
Brandon Sutter also scored and Matt Niskanen had two assists as the Penguins became the first team in the series to score first and win - but barely. Marc-Andre Fleury made 24 saves.
Fedor Tyutin, Artem Anisimov and Nick Foligno scored late to thrill a crowd of 19,189 who stood and roared for the final 4 minutes.
The Penguins were hard pressed to just fight off the upstart Blue Jackets after goalie Sergei Bobrovsky, who also had 24 saves, was pulled for an extra attacker with under 2 minutes left.
Columbus' Matt Calvert was wide with a potential tying shot with 3:30 left.
It was Malkin's 10th career three-goal game. He hadn't scored in the first 332:52 of the series, then scored three in a span of 26:11.
The Blue Jackets, one of the NHL's youngest teams, found consolation in earning the first two playoff victories in the franchise's 13 seasons.
Malkin, who ended a nine-game playoff goal drought, made up for lost time by scoring twice in a 4:02 span of the opening period.
Chris Kunitz won a puck battle along the short boards and then slid a pass from the left corner to Malkin, who was alone at the edge of the right circle. He settled the puck and then beat Bobrovsky high on the stick side at the 9:11 mark.
Foligno, who had the Game 4 overtime winner the previous time the teams played in Columbus, went sent to the penalty box for a roughing penalty before Malkin scored again.
Columbus' Derek MacKenzie appeared to have cleared the puck, but Niskanen got a stick on it to keep it in the offensive zone. The puck ended up going to Malkin, who unleashed a hard wrister from the high slot with Kunitz blocking Bobrovsky's view.
Fleury didn't get much work in the opening 20 minutes, but made a big save when he stymied MacKenzie, who had intercepted a Craig Adams pass in the Penguins' end and squeezed off a shot from close range.
A Blue Jackets power play had just ended when defenseman James Wisniewski mishandled the puck at the blue line and Sutter grabbed it. He was all alone streaking down the left wing, faked the forehand and then slipped a backhand into the net.
Malkin scored his third goal at the 15:22 mark of the second period, benefiting from a 2-on-1 break after taking a pass along the left wall from Jussi Jokinen. The big Russian glanced at James Neal to his right while cruising past the lone Blue Jacket back, defenseman Jack Johnson, then ripped the shot past Bobrovsky to make it 4-0.
The fans were up in arms after Tanner Glass leveled Wisniewski on a hit in the corner in the second period and was called for boarding.
Early in the third, Columbus' Blake Comeau got the best of Beau Bennett on a check and the Pens' Joe Vitale then initiated knee-to-knee contact with Comeau. Vitale was called for interference, but was in pain on the ice and did not return.
Tyutin's shot from the right dot ended Fleury's shutout streak at 97:26 - since the Blue Jackets took a 1-0 lead in the first period of Game 5.
But then Anisimov scored from the left point with 6:06 remaining to make it 4-2 and Foligno redirected a Tyutin shot to cut the lead to a goal with 4:47 left.
The Penguins were pushed to the limit to hold on the rest of the way.
Notes: The Penguins improved to 8-4 in Game 6s when up 3-2 in the playoffs. ... Columbus was without veteran forward (and Pittsburgh native) R.J. Umberger (shoulder). Jared Boll took his place. ... For the second game in a row, the Penguins didn't have D Brooks Orpik, sidelined with an undisclosed injury. ... Sutter was limping as he went to the dressing room with 6 minutes left in the second period. He did not return. |
Transport of coliphage in the presence and absence of manure suspension.
Mechanisms of coliphage transport and fate in the presence and absence of manure suspension were studied in saturated column experiments. In the presence of manure suspension, little inactivation of indigenous somatic coliphage occurred and the transport was controlled by deposition. The deposition followed a power law distribution with depth, and the magnitude increased with decreasing sand size. Comparison of the cumulative size distribution of manure components in the suspension initially and after passage through sand, suggested that particles retained by mechanical filtration and/or straining decreased the effective pore size and potentially induced straining of the somatic coliphage. A 2-site kinetic deposition model was used to estimate the magnitudes of attachment and straining in the presence of manure suspension, and provided a good description of the data. Modeling results indicated that straining accounted for 16 to 42% of the deposited somatic coliphage, and that both straining and attachment increased with decreasing sand size due to smaller pores and higher surface area, respectively. In the absence of manure suspension, phiX174 (a representative somatic coliphage) and MS2 (a male-specific RNA coliphage) transport was controlled by inactivation induced by the solid phase. This conclusion was based on comparison of coliphage transport behavior at 5 and 20 degrees C, mass balance information, and numerical modeling. Comparison of somatic coliphage transport data in the presence and absence of manure suspension revealed much higher effluent concentrations in the presence of manure. This difference was attributed to lower inactivation and higher detachment rates. The observed coliphage transport behavior suggests that survival of viruses may be extended in the presence of manure suspensions, and that transport studies conducted in the absence of manure suspension may not accurately characterize the transport potential of viruses in manure-contaminated environments. |
Continuous fabrication of polymeric vesicles and nanotubes with fluidic channels.
Fluidic channels were employed to induce the self-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polystyrene into polymeric vesicles and nanotubes. The laminar flow in the device enables controlled diffusion of two miscible liquids at the phase boundary, leading to the formation of homogeneous polymeric structures of different shapes. These structures could be easily loaded with small molecule cargoes and functionalized with nanometer sized catalytic platinum nanoparticles. This technique offers a facile methodology to rapidly and continuously produce well-defined polymeric structures for nanotechnology applications. |
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