text stringlengths 8 5.77M |
|---|
# RUN: llvm-mc %s -arch=mips -mcpu=mips32r2 -mattr=+msa -show-encoding | FileCheck %s
#
# RUN: llvm-mc %s -arch=mips -mcpu=mips32r2 -mattr=+msa -filetype=obj -o - | \
# RUN: llvm-objdump -d -arch=mips -mattr=+msa - | \
# RUN: FileCheck %s -check-prefix=CHECKOBJDUMP
#
#CHECK: cfcmsa $1, $0 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x00,0x59]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $1, $0 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x00,0x59]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $2, $1 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x08,0x99]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $2, $1 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x08,0x99]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $3, $2 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x10,0xd9]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $3, $2 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x10,0xd9]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $4, $3 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x19,0x19]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $4, $3 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x19,0x19]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $5, $4 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x21,0x59]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $5, $4 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x21,0x59]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $6, $5 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x29,0x99]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $6, $5 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x29,0x99]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $7, $6 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x31,0xd9]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $7, $6 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x31,0xd9]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $8, $7 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x3a,0x19]
#CHECK: cfcmsa $8, $7 # encoding: [0x78,0x7e,0x3a,0x19]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $0, $1 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x08,0x19]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $0, $1 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x08,0x19]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $1, $2 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x10,0x59]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $1, $2 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x10,0x59]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $2, $3 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x18,0x99]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $2, $3 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x18,0x99]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $3, $4 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x20,0xd9]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $3, $4 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x20,0xd9]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $4, $5 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x29,0x19]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $4, $5 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x29,0x19]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $5, $6 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x31,0x59]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $5, $6 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x31,0x59]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $6, $7 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x39,0x99]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $6, $7 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x39,0x99]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $7, $8 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x41,0xd9]
#CHECK: ctcmsa $7, $8 # encoding: [0x78,0x3e,0x41,0xd9]
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $1, $0
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $1, $0
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $2, $1
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $2, $1
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $3, $2
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $3, $2
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $4, $3
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $4, $3
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $5, $4
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $5, $4
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $6, $5
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $6, $5
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $7, $6
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $7, $6
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $8, $7
#CHECKOBJDUMP: cfcmsa $8, $7
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $0, $1
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $0, $1
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $1, $2
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $1, $2
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $2, $3
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $2, $3
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $3, $4
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $3, $4
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $4, $5
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $4, $5
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $5, $6
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $5, $6
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $6, $7
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $6, $7
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $7, $8
#CHECKOBJDUMP: ctcmsa $7, $8
cfcmsa $1, $msair
cfcmsa $1, $0
cfcmsa $2, $msacsr
cfcmsa $2, $1
cfcmsa $3, $msaaccess
cfcmsa $3, $2
cfcmsa $4, $msasave
cfcmsa $4, $3
cfcmsa $5, $msamodify
cfcmsa $5, $4
cfcmsa $6, $msarequest
cfcmsa $6, $5
cfcmsa $7, $msamap
cfcmsa $7, $6
cfcmsa $8, $msaunmap
cfcmsa $8, $7
ctcmsa $msair, $1
ctcmsa $0, $1
ctcmsa $msacsr, $2
ctcmsa $1, $2
ctcmsa $msaaccess, $3
ctcmsa $2, $3
ctcmsa $msasave, $4
ctcmsa $3, $4
ctcmsa $msamodify, $5
ctcmsa $4, $5
ctcmsa $msarequest, $6
ctcmsa $5, $6
ctcmsa $msamap, $7
ctcmsa $6, $7
ctcmsa $msaunmap, $8
ctcmsa $7, $8
|
Adelaide Research & Scholarship
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Treatment efficacy of azithromycin 1 g single dose versus doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days for the treatment of rectal chlamydia among men who have sex with men - a double-blind randomised controlled trial protocol
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Treatment efficacy of azithromycin 1 g single dose versus doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days for the treatment of rectal chlamydia among men who have sex with men - a double-blind randomised controlled trial protocol |
The present invention relates to computers and heat dissipation devices, and more specifically to an apparatus and method for using an active circuit board as a heat sink.
Printed circuit board area may be limited in a computer system. One solution for adding circuitry and components is to mount a daughter board on top of a base primary board. Components are located on the top and bottom surfaces of the daughter board.
Heat is a problem associated with the design above. Component height restrictions preclude heat sinks from being mounted to the components between the daughter board and the primary board. Conventional heat sinks do not fit on such components.
Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a method for removing heat from daughter board components. |
Contrary to popular belief, a good living can be made on an organic farm. What’s required is farming smarter, not harder.
In this book and DVD set longtime farmer Richard Wiswall shares his story, and offers detailed advice on how to make your farm production more efficient, better manage your employees and finances, and turn a profit.
From his twenty-seven years of experience at Cate Farm in Vermont, Wiswall knows firsthand the joys of starting and operating an organic farm—as well as the challenges of making a living from one. Farming offers fundamental satisfaction from producing food, working outdoors, being one’s own boss, and working intimately with nature. But, unfortunately, many farmers avoid learning about the business end of farming, and because of this, they often work harder than they need to, or quit farming altogether because of frustrating—and often avoidable—losses.
The DVD consists of a filmed workshop and interview, recorded at the Northeast Organic Farming Association (NOFA) Winter Conference in 2010 and at Wiswall’s Cate Farm. This workshop offers invaluable exercises for business-savvy farmers, including information on the costs of running a farm, office and bookkeeping management, creating a budget and crop enterprise plan, and getting down the the nuts and bolts of business management, that’s easy to understand. Through in-the-classroom footage and step-by-step guidance to “sharpening the pencil”, as well as footage of Wiswall’s fields, greenhouse, and barn, viewers will leave this “workshop” knowing how to achieve true profit, that will last for years to come. Also included is a bonus disc with downloadable spreadsheets for creating your own budget, marketing, profit and loss statement, balance sheet, and cash flow.
Wiswall’s book, The Organic Farmer’s Business Handbook (Chelsea Green, 2009), offers more on all of this information, as well as a comprehensive business kit including:
Step-by-step procedures to make your crop production more efficient
Advice on managing employees, farm operations, and office systems
Novel marketing strategies
What to do with your profits: business spending, investing, and planning for retirement
A companion CD in the book also offers valuable business tools, including easy-to-use spreadsheets for projecting cash flow, a payroll calculator, comprehensive crop budgets for forty different crops, and tax planners. |
Q:
How to represent a number greater than the maximum value
How to represent values that exceed the max values of any particular data type (int, long ) ?
I am thinking of having another storage space acting like a counter. Once the max value is crossed, the counter updates to say , the variable has exceeded the limit for "x" number of times. Is there some other efficient way of doing it ?
How do we display the exact value ?
P.S : Just a hypothetical question.
A:
One way is to actually carve out one of the values for this purpose.
For example, if you have a 16-bit integral type that can represent the values from 0 through 65535 inclusive, reduce the range to 0 through 65534 and use 65535 to represent the value "too darned big".
You would have to be careful to control the operations so that they wouldn't produce that value in the normal course of events but that's reasonably easy if your language provides class capabilities.
Alternatively, you can use the next biggest data type such as long for int or long long for long and use the extra range to store information.
And, if you need more than that, you can code up a bignum library (or use one that already exists) so that there are no artificial limits placed on your numbers.
|
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Text;
namespace Jurassic.Library
{
/// <summary>
/// Represents an instance of the JavaScript string object.
/// </summary>
[DebuggerDisplay("{DebuggerDisplayValue,nq}", Type = "{DebuggerDisplayType,nq}")]
[DebuggerTypeProxy(typeof(ObjectInstanceDebugView))]
public partial class StringInstance : ObjectInstance
{
private string value;
// INITIALIZATION
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Creates a new string instance.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="prototype"> The next object in the prototype chain. </param>
/// <param name="value"> The value to initialize the instance. </param>
public StringInstance(ObjectInstance prototype, string value)
: base(prototype)
{
if (value == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
this.value = value;
this.FastSetProperty("length", value.Length);
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates the string prototype object.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The script environment. </param>
/// <param name="constructor"> A reference to the constructor that owns the prototype. </param>
internal static ObjectInstance CreatePrototype(ScriptEngine engine, StringConstructor constructor)
{
var result = engine.Object.Construct();
var properties = GetDeclarativeProperties(engine);
properties.Add(new PropertyNameAndValue("constructor", constructor, PropertyAttributes.NonEnumerable));
result.InitializeProperties(properties);
return result;
}
// .NET ACCESSOR PROPERTIES
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Gets the primitive value of this object.
/// </summary>
public string Value
{
get { return this.value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the number of characters in the string.
/// </summary>
public int Length
{
get { return this.value.Length; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets value, that will be displayed in debugger watch window.
/// </summary>
[DebuggerBrowsable(DebuggerBrowsableState.Never)]
public override string DebuggerDisplayValue
{
get { return this.Value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets value, that will be displayed in debugger watch window when this object is part of array, map, etc.
/// </summary>
[DebuggerBrowsable(DebuggerBrowsableState.Never)]
public override string DebuggerDisplayShortValue
{
get { return this.Value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets type, that will be displayed in debugger watch window.
/// </summary>
[DebuggerBrowsable(DebuggerBrowsableState.Never)]
public override string DebuggerDisplayType
{
get { return "String Object"; }
}
// OVERRIDES
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Gets a descriptor for the property with the given array index.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="index"> The array index of the property. </param>
/// <returns> A property descriptor containing the property value and attributes. </returns>
/// <remarks> The prototype chain is not searched. </remarks>
public override PropertyDescriptor GetOwnPropertyDescriptor(uint index)
{
if (index < this.value.Length)
{
var result = this.value[(int)index].ToString();
return new PropertyDescriptor(result, PropertyAttributes.Enumerable);
}
// Delegate to the base class.
return base.GetOwnPropertyDescriptor(index);
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets an enumerable list of every property name and value associated with this object.
/// </summary>
public override IEnumerable<PropertyNameAndValue> Properties
{
get
{
// Enumerate array indices.
for (int i = 0; i < this.value.Length; i++)
yield return new PropertyNameAndValue(i.ToString(), this.value[i].ToString(), PropertyAttributes.Enumerable);
// Delegate to the base implementation.
foreach (var nameAndValue in base.Properties)
yield return nameAndValue;
}
}
// JAVASCRIPT FUNCTIONS
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Returns the character at the specified index.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="index"> The character position (starts at 0). </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "charAt", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string CharAt(string thisObject, int index)
{
if (index < 0 || index >= thisObject.Length)
return string.Empty;
return thisObject[index].ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a number indicating the 16-bit UTF-16 character code at the given index.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="index"> The character position (starts at 0). </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "charCodeAt", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static double CharCodeAt(string thisObject, int index)
{
if (index < 0 || index >= thisObject.Length)
return double.NaN;
return (double)(int)thisObject[index];
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a number indicating the Unicode code point of the character at the given index.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="index"> The character position (starts at 0). </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "codePointAt", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static double CodePointAt(string thisObject, int index)
{
if (index < 0 || index >= thisObject.Length)
return double.NaN;
int firstCodePoint = (int) thisObject[index];
if (firstCodePoint < 0xD800 || firstCodePoint > 0xDBFF || index + 1 == thisObject.Length)
return firstCodePoint;
int secondCodePoint = (int) thisObject[index + 1];
if (secondCodePoint < 0xDC00 || secondCodePoint > 0xDFFF)
return firstCodePoint;
return (double)((firstCodePoint - 0xD800) * 1024 + (secondCodePoint - 0xDC00) + 0x10000);
}
/// <summary>
/// Combines the text of two or more strings and returns a new string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current script environment. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="strings"> The strings to concatenate with this string. </param>
/// <returns> The result of combining this string with the given strings. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "concat", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static ConcatenatedString Concat(ScriptEngine engine, object thisObject, params object[] strings)
{
if (thisObject is ConcatenatedString)
{
// Append the strings together.
ConcatenatedString result = (ConcatenatedString)thisObject;
if (strings.Length == 0)
return result;
result = result.Concatenate(strings[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < strings.Length; i ++)
result.Append(strings[i]);
return result;
}
else
{
// Convert "this" to a string.
TypeUtilities.VerifyThisObject(engine, thisObject, "concat");
var thisObject2 = TypeConverter.ToString(thisObject);
// Append the strings together.
var result = new ConcatenatedString(thisObject2);
foreach (object str in strings)
result.Append(str);
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns <c>true</c> if the calling String object contains the given string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The script engine. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substring"> The substring to search for. </param>
/// <param name="startIndex"> The character position within the string to start searching. </param>
/// <returns> <c>true</c> if the substring was found; <c>false</c> otherwise. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "includes", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static bool Includes(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, object substring, int startIndex = 0)
{
if (TypeUtilities.IsRegularExpression(substring))
throw new JavaScriptException(engine, ErrorType.TypeError, "Substring argument must not be a regular expression.");
return IndexOf(thisObject, TypeConverter.ToString(substring), startIndex) >= 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the index within the calling String object of the first occurrence of the specified value, or -1 if not found.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substring"> The substring to search for. </param>
/// <param name="startIndex"> The character position to start searching from. Defaults to 0. </param>
/// <returns> The character position of the start of the substring, if it was found, or -1 if it wasn't. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "indexOf", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static int IndexOf(string thisObject, string substring, int startIndex = 0)
{
startIndex = Math.Min(Math.Max(startIndex, 0), thisObject.Length);
return thisObject.IndexOf(substring, startIndex, StringComparison.Ordinal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the index within the calling String object of the specified value, searching
/// backwards from the end of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substring"> The substring to search for. </param>
/// <param name="startIndex"> The index of the character to start searching. </param>
/// <returns> The index of the substring, or <c>-1</c> if not found. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "lastIndexOf", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static int LastIndexOf(string thisObject, string substring, double startIndex = double.NaN)
{
// Limit startIndex to the length of the string. This must be done first otherwise
// when startIndex = MaxValue it wraps around to negative.
int startIndex2 = double.IsNaN(startIndex) ? int.MaxValue : TypeConverter.ToInteger(startIndex);
startIndex2 = Math.Min(startIndex2, thisObject.Length - 1);
startIndex2 = Math.Min(startIndex2 + substring.Length - 1, thisObject.Length - 1);
if (startIndex2 < 0)
{
if (thisObject == string.Empty && substring == string.Empty)
return 0;
return -1;
}
return thisObject.LastIndexOf(substring, startIndex2, StringComparison.Ordinal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a number indicating whether a reference string comes before or after or is the
/// same as the given string in sort order.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="str"> The string to compare with. </param>
/// <returns> -1, 0 or 1 depending on whether the given string comes before or after or is
/// the same as the given string in sort order. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "localeCompare", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static int LocaleCompare(string thisObject, string str)
{
return string.Compare(thisObject, str);
}
/// <summary>
/// Finds the first match of the given substring within this string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current script environment. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substrOrRegExp"> The substring or regular expression to search for. </param>
/// <returns> An array containing the matched strings. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "match", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static object Match(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, object substrOrRegExp)
{
if (substrOrRegExp is RegExpInstance)
// substrOrRegExp is a regular expression.
return ((RegExpInstance)substrOrRegExp).Match(thisObject);
if (TypeUtilities.IsUndefined(substrOrRegExp))
// substrOrRegExp is undefined.
return engine.RegExp.Construct("").Match(thisObject);
// substrOrRegExp is a string (or convertible to a string).
return engine.RegExp.Construct(TypeConverter.ToString(substrOrRegExp)).Match(thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a new string whose binary representation is in a particular Unicode normalization form.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current ScriptEngine instance. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="form"> A Unicode normalization form. </param>
/// <returns> A new string whose binary representation is in a particular Unicode normalization form. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "normalize", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Normalize(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, string form = "NFC")
{
switch (form)
{
case "NFC":
return thisObject.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
case "NFD":
return thisObject.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD);
case "NFKC":
return thisObject.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKC);
case "NFKD":
return thisObject.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD);
}
throw new JavaScriptException(engine, ErrorType.RangeError, "The normalization form should be one of NFC, NFD, NFKC, NFKD.");
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string in double quotes ("). Any existing double quotes in the string are
/// escaped using the backslash character.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string to wrap. </param>
/// <returns> The input string wrapped with double quotes and with existing double quotes
/// escaped. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "quote", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Quote(string thisObject)
{
var result = new System.Text.StringBuilder(thisObject.Length + 2);
result.Append('"');
for (int i = 0; i < thisObject.Length; i++)
{
char c = thisObject[i];
if (c == '"')
result.Append('\\');
result.Append(c);
}
result.Append('"');
return result.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Substitutes the given string or regular expression with the given text or the result
/// of a replacement function.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substrOrRegExp"> The substring to replace -or- a regular expression that
/// matches the text to replace. </param>
/// <param name="replaceTextOrFunction"> The text to substitute -or- a function that
/// returns the text to substitute. </param>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with text replaced. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "replace", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Replace(string thisObject, object substrOrRegExp, object replaceTextOrFunction)
{
// The built-in function binding system is not powerful enough to bind the replace
// function properly, so we bind to the correct function manually.
if (substrOrRegExp is RegExpInstance)
{
if (replaceTextOrFunction is FunctionInstance)
return Replace(thisObject, (RegExpInstance)substrOrRegExp, (FunctionInstance)replaceTextOrFunction);
else
return Replace(thisObject, (RegExpInstance)substrOrRegExp, TypeConverter.ToString(replaceTextOrFunction));
}
else
{
if (replaceTextOrFunction is FunctionInstance)
return Replace(thisObject, TypeConverter.ToString(substrOrRegExp), (FunctionInstance)replaceTextOrFunction);
else
return Replace(thisObject, TypeConverter.ToString(substrOrRegExp), TypeConverter.ToString(replaceTextOrFunction));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a copy of this string with text replaced.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substr"> The text to search for. </param>
/// <param name="replaceText"> A string containing the text to replace for every successful
/// match. </param>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with text replaced. </returns>
public static string Replace(string thisObject, string substr, string replaceText)
{
// Find the first occurrance of substr.
int start = thisObject.IndexOf(substr, StringComparison.Ordinal);
if (start == -1)
return thisObject;
int end = start + substr.Length;
// Replace only the first match.
var result = new System.Text.StringBuilder(thisObject.Length + (replaceText.Length - substr.Length));
result.Append(thisObject, 0, start);
result.Append(replaceText);
result.Append(thisObject, end, thisObject.Length - end);
return result.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a copy of this string with text replaced using a replacement function.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substr"> The text to search for. </param>
/// <param name="replaceFunction"> A function that is called to produce the text to replace
/// for every successful match. </param>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with text replaced. </returns>
public static string Replace(string thisObject, string substr, FunctionInstance replaceFunction)
{
// Find the first occurrance of substr.
int start = thisObject.IndexOf(substr, StringComparison.Ordinal);
if (start == -1)
return thisObject;
int end = start + substr.Length;
// Get the replacement text from the provided function.
var replaceText = TypeConverter.ToString(replaceFunction.CallFromNative("replace", null, substr, start, thisObject));
// Replace only the first match.
var result = new System.Text.StringBuilder(thisObject.Length + (replaceText.Length - substr.Length));
result.Append(thisObject, 0, start);
result.Append(replaceText);
result.Append(thisObject, end, thisObject.Length - end);
return result.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a copy of this string with text replaced using a regular expression.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="regExp"> The regular expression to search for. </param>
/// <param name="replaceText"> A string containing the text to replace for every successful match. </param>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with text replaced using a regular expression. </returns>
public static string Replace(string thisObject, RegExpInstance regExp, string replaceText)
{
return regExp.Replace(thisObject, replaceText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a copy of this string with text replaced using a regular expression and a
/// replacement function.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="regExp"> The regular expression to search for. </param>
/// <param name="replaceFunction"> A function that is called to produce the text to replace
/// for every successful match. </param>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with text replaced using a regular expression. </returns>
public static string Replace(string thisObject, RegExpInstance regExp, FunctionInstance replaceFunction)
{
return regExp.Replace(thisObject, replaceFunction);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the position of the first substring match.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="substrOrRegExp"> The string or regular expression to search for. </param>
/// <returns> The character position of the first match, or -1 if no match was found. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "search", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static int Search(string thisObject, object substrOrRegExp)
{
if (substrOrRegExp is RegExpInstance)
// substrOrRegExp is a regular expression.
return ((RegExpInstance)substrOrRegExp).Search(thisObject);
if (TypeUtilities.IsUndefined(substrOrRegExp))
// substrOrRegExp is undefined.
return 0;
// substrOrRegExp is a string (or convertible to a string).
return thisObject.IndexOf(TypeConverter.ToString(substrOrRegExp), StringComparison.Ordinal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Extracts a section of the string and returns a new string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="start"> The character position to start extracting. </param>
/// <param name="end"> The character position to stop extacting. </param>
/// <returns> A section of the string. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "slice", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Slice(string thisObject, int start, int end = int.MaxValue)
{
// Negative offsets are measured from the end of the string.
if (start < 0)
start += thisObject.Length;
if (end < 0)
end += thisObject.Length;
// Constrain the parameters to within the limits of the string.
start = Math.Min(Math.Max(start, 0), thisObject.Length);
end = Math.Min(Math.Max(end, 0), thisObject.Length);
if (end <= start)
return string.Empty;
return thisObject.Substring(start, end - start);
}
/// <summary>
/// Splits this string into an array of strings by separating the string into substrings.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current script environment. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="separator"> A string or regular expression that indicates where to split the string. </param>
/// <param name="limit"> The maximum number of array items to return. Defaults to unlimited. </param>
/// <returns> An array containing the split strings. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "split", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static ArrayInstance Split(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, object separator, double limit = uint.MaxValue)
{
// Limit defaults to unlimited. Note the ToUint32() conversion.
uint limit2 = uint.MaxValue;
if (TypeUtilities.IsUndefined(limit) == false)
limit2 = TypeConverter.ToUint32(limit);
// Call separate methods, depending on whether the separator is a regular expression.
if (separator is RegExpInstance)
return Split(thisObject, (RegExpInstance)separator, limit2);
else
return Split(engine, thisObject, TypeConverter.ToString(separator), limit2);
}
/// <summary>
/// Splits this string into an array of strings by separating the string into substrings.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="regExp"> A regular expression that indicates where to split the string. </param>
/// <param name="limit"> The maximum number of array items to return. Defaults to unlimited. </param>
/// <returns> An array containing the split strings. </returns>
public static ArrayInstance Split(string thisObject, RegExpInstance regExp, uint limit = uint.MaxValue)
{
return regExp.Split(thisObject, limit);
}
/// <summary>
/// Splits this string into an array of strings by separating the string into substrings.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current script environment. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="separator"> A string that indicates where to split the string. </param>
/// <param name="limit"> The maximum number of array items to return. Defaults to unlimited. </param>
/// <returns> An array containing the split strings. </returns>
public static ArrayInstance Split(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, string separator, uint limit = uint.MaxValue)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(separator))
{
// If the separator is empty, split the string into individual characters.
var result = engine.Array.New();
for (int i = 0; i < thisObject.Length; i ++)
result[i] = thisObject[i].ToString();
return result;
}
var splitStrings = thisObject.Split(new string[] { separator }, StringSplitOptions.None);
if (limit < splitStrings.Length)
{
var splitStrings2 = new string[limit];
Array.Copy(splitStrings, splitStrings2, (int)limit);
splitStrings = splitStrings2;
}
return engine.Array.New(splitStrings);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the characters in a string beginning at the specified location through the specified number of characters.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="start"> The character position to start extracting. </param>
/// <param name="length"> The number of characters to extract. </param>
/// <returns> A substring of this string. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "substr", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Deprecated = true)]
public static string Substr(string thisObject, int start, int length = int.MaxValue)
{
// If start is less than zero, it is measured from the end of the string.
if (start < 0)
start = Math.Max(start + thisObject.Length, 0);
// Compute the actual length.
length = Math.Max(Math.Min(length, thisObject.Length - start), 0);
if (length <= 0)
return string.Empty;
// Extract the substring.
return thisObject.Substring(start, length);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the characters in a string between two indexes into the string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="start"> The character position to start extracting. </param>
/// <param name="end"> The character position to stop extracting. </param>
/// <returns> A substring of this string. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "substring", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Substring(string thisObject, int start, int end = int.MaxValue)
{
return Slice(thisObject, Math.Max(Math.Min(start, end), 0), Math.Max(Math.Max(start, end), 0));
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts the characters within this string to lowercase while respecting the current
/// locale.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with the characters converted to lowercase. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "toLocaleLowerCase", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string ToLocaleLowerCase(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.ToLower();
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts the characters within this string to uppercase while respecting the current
/// locale.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with the characters converted to uppercase. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "toLocaleUpperCase", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string ToLocaleUpperCase(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.ToUpper();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the calling string value converted to lowercase.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with the characters converted to lowercase. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "toLowerCase", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string ToLowerCase(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.ToLowerInvariant();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a string representing the current object.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> A string representing the current object. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "toString")]
public new string ToString()
{
return this.value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the calling string value converted to uppercase.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> A copy of this string with the characters converted to uppercase. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "toUpperCase", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string ToUpperCase(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.ToUpperInvariant();
}
private static char[] trimCharacters = new char[] {
// Whitespace
'\x09', '\x0B', '\x0C', '\x20', '\xA0', '\xFEFF',
// Unicode space separator
'\u1680', '\u180E', '\u2000', '\u2001',
'\u2002', '\u2003', '\u2004', '\u2005',
'\u2006', '\u2007', '\u2008', '\u2009',
'\u200A', '\u202F', '\u205F', '\u3000',
// Line terminators
'\x0A', '\x0D', '\u2028', '\u2029',
};
/// <summary>
/// Trims whitespace from the beginning and end of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "trim", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Trim(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.Trim(trimCharacters);
}
/// <summary>
/// Trims whitespace from the beginning of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "trimStart", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string TrimStart(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.TrimStart(trimCharacters);
}
/// <summary>
/// Trims whitespace from the beginning of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "trimEnd", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string TrimEnd(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.TrimEnd(trimCharacters);
}
/// <summary>
/// Trims whitespace from the beginning of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "trimLeft", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string TrimLeft(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.TrimStart(trimCharacters);
}
/// <summary>
/// Trims whitespace from the beginning of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "trimRight", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string TrimRight(string thisObject)
{
return thisObject.TrimEnd(trimCharacters);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the underlying primitive value of the current object.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> The underlying primitive value of the current object. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "valueOf")]
public new string ValueOf()
{
return this.value;
}
// ECMASCRIPT 6 FUNCTIONS
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Determines whether a string begins with the characters of another string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The script engine. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="searchStringObj"> The characters to be searched for at the start of this string. </param>
/// <param name="position"> The position at which to begin searching. Defaults to zero. </param>
/// <returns> <c>true</c> if this string starts with the given string, <c>false</c> otherwise. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "startsWith", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static bool StartsWith(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, object searchStringObj, int position = 0)
{
if (TypeUtilities.IsRegularExpression(searchStringObj))
throw new JavaScriptException(engine, ErrorType.TypeError, "Substring argument must not be a regular expression.");
string searchString = TypeConverter.ToString(searchStringObj);
if (position == 0)
return thisObject.StartsWith(searchString);
position = Math.Min(Math.Max(0, position), thisObject.Length);
if (position + searchString.Length > thisObject.Length)
return false;
return thisObject.Substring(position, searchString.Length) == searchString;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines whether a string ends with the characters of another string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The script engine. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="searchStringObj"> The characters to be searched for at the end of this string. </param>
/// <param name="position"> Search within the string as if the string were only this long.
/// Defaults to the string's actual length. </param>
/// <returns> <c>true</c> if this string ends with the given string, <c>false</c> otherwise. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "endsWith", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static bool EndsWith(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, object searchStringObj, int position = int.MaxValue)
{
if (TypeUtilities.IsRegularExpression(searchStringObj))
throw new JavaScriptException(engine, ErrorType.TypeError, "Substring argument must not be a regular expression.");
string searchString = TypeConverter.ToString(searchStringObj);
if (position == int.MaxValue)
return thisObject.EndsWith(searchString);
position = Math.Min(Math.Max(0, position), thisObject.Length);
if (searchString.Length > position)
return false;
return thisObject.Substring(position - searchString.Length, searchString.Length) == searchString;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines whether a string contains the characters of another string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="searchString"> The characters to be searched for. </param>
/// <param name="position"> The position at which to begin searching. Defaults to zero. </param>
/// <returns> <c>true</c> if this string contains the given string, <c>false</c> otherwise. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "contains", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, Length = 1)]
public static bool Contains(string thisObject, string searchString, int position = 0)
{
position = Math.Min(Math.Max(0, position), thisObject.Length);
return thisObject.IndexOf(searchString, position) >= 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Repeats this string a number of times and returns the result.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="engine"> The current ScriptEngine instance. </param>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="count"> The number of times to repeat the string. Must be zero or higher. </param>
/// <returns> A repeated string. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "repeat", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasEngineParameter | JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject)]
public static string Repeat(ScriptEngine engine, string thisObject, int count)
{
if (count < 0 || count == int.MaxValue)
throw new JavaScriptException(engine, ErrorType.RangeError, "The count parameter is out of range.");
var result = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i ++)
result.Append(thisObject);
return result.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns an iterator that iterates over the code points of the string.
/// </summary>
/// <returns> An iterator for the string instance. </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "@@iterator")]
public ObjectInstance GetIterator()
{
return new StringIterator(Engine.StringIteratorPrototype, this.value);
}
// JAVASCRIPT FUNCTIONS (HTML WRAPPER FUNCTIONS)
//_________________________________________________________________________________________
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with an anchor tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="name"> The name of the anchor. </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "anchor", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Anchor(string thisObject, string name)
{
return string.Format(@"<a name=""{1}"">{0}</a>", thisObject, name.Replace("\"", """));
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a big tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "big", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Big(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<big>{0}</big>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a blink tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "blink", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Blink(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<blink>{0}</blink>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a bold (b) tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "bold", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Bold(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<b>{0}</b>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a tt tag.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "fixed", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Fixed(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<tt>{0}</tt>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a font tag that specifies the given color.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="colorValue"> The color value or name. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "fontcolor", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string FontColor(string thisObject, string colorValue)
{
return string.Format(@"<font color=""{1}"">{0}</font>", thisObject, colorValue.Replace("\"", """));
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a font tag that specifies the given font size.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="size"> The font size, specified as an integer. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "fontsize", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string FontSize(string thisObject, string size)
{
return string.Format(@"<font size=""{1}"">{0}</font>", thisObject, size.Replace("\"", """));
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a italics (i) tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "italics", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Italics(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<i>{0}</i>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string with a hyperlink.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <param name="href"> The hyperlink URL. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "link", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Link(string thisObject, string href)
{
return string.Format(@"<a href=""{1}"">{0}</a>", thisObject, href.Replace("\"", """));
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string in a <c>small</c> tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "small", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Small(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<small>{0}</small>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string in a <c>strike</c> tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "strike", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Strike(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<strike>{0}</strike>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string in a <c>sub</c> tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "sub", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Sub(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<sub>{0}</sub>", thisObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps the string in a <c>sup</c> tag.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="thisObject"> The string that is being operated on. </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[JSInternalFunction(Name = "sup", Flags = JSFunctionFlags.HasThisObject, NonStandard = true)]
public static string Sup(string thisObject)
{
return string.Format("<sup>{0}</sup>", thisObject);
}
}
}
|
Iran and the crisis in the Gulf explained Published duration 19 August 2019 Related Topics Gulf crisis
image copyright AFP image caption Iran's seizure of a British-flagged tanker followed the detention of an Iranian tanker off Gibraltar
A crisis has erupted between Iran and Western countries - in particular the UK and US - after a series of incidents in and around the Gulf, a strategically important waterway in the Middle East. Both sides are blaming the other and there are fears it could lead to war.
What is the crisis about?
Behind the latest tensions is the fact that Iran and the US have increasingly accused each other of aggressive behaviour.
The US says recent activity by Iranian and Iranian-backed forces is destabilising the region and threatening US interests, while Iran says the US is trying to use military force and economic pressure to bring down its government.
The crisis really began to escalate in May when four oil tankers were were hit by blasts in the Gulf of Oman. Iran denied US accusations its forces had planted mines on the vessels.
Since then, two more tankers have been attacked, the US and UK have bolstered their naval forces in the region, and the US and Iran have said they have shot down each other's drones.
On 4 July, Iran seized a British-flagged tanker in the Strait of Hormuz, apparently in retaliation for the detention of one of its own tankers by British forces off Gibraltar. The Iranian tanker was released six weeks later
Why does the crisis matter?
What is going on involves some of the Gulf region's most powerful countries, as well as the world's most powerful military - that of the US.
Beyond that, the tensions threaten the use of the Strait of Hormuz. Almost a fifth of the world's oil passes through the narrow strait, which lies off the south coast of Iran.
media caption Why does the Strait of Hormuz matter?
If international shipping is hampered or even blocked there, the economic effects will be felt around the globe. They could include a sharp increase in oil prices.
And if the crisis erupts into a war, the consequences will be devastating.
Why is this happening now?
The tensions in the Gulf can be traced to the resurgence of another crisis - that over Iran's nuclear programme.
For years, the international community and Iran were at loggerheads over the country's nuclear activities, amid suspicions that it was trying to develop nuclear weapons. Iran has always denied this, asserting that its programme was solely peaceful.
An agreement was reached in 2015, whereby Iran agreed to limit its nuclear activities in return for the lifting of economic sanctions. But last year, US Donald Trump pulled out of the deal, saying it was flawed. He reinstated sanctions on Iran and has continued to tighten them, hitting the Iranian economy hard.
Iran has been outraged by the US move, accusing it of violating the agreement. It has ceased abiding by several key nuclear commitments and threatened to do more unless European countries still party to the deal do something, and quickly, to mitigate the effects of the US sanctions.
media caption Inside Iran: Iranians on Trump and the nuclear deal
Observers have speculated that the attacks on the tankers around the Gulf might be a signal by Iran that it is capable of disrupting shipping there if European powers do not act.
What's it all got to do with the UK?
To begin with, it was really on the sidelines as the US and Iran shadow-boxed in the Gulf.
But then British Royal Marines helped detain an Iranian tanker in waters off the British overseas territory of Gibraltar in early July, after Gibraltar's government said it believed the tanker was transporting oil to Syria in violation of EU sanctions.
Iran reacted furiously to what it said was an act of piracy by British forces. It threatened to seize a British tanker unless the Iranian tanker was released.
media caption A Royal Navy frigate can be heard warning Iranian armed forces, before the oil tanker is seized
The UK subsequently deployed an additional warship to the Gulf to protect British shipping. |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to substantially pore-free boron carbide sintered bodies with a density of not more than 2.60 g/cm3 and improved mechanical properties, and to a process for their manufacture.
2. Background Art
Boron carbide, B4C, is a lightweight solid (density, 2.52 g/cm3) that has high hardness and a high resistance to abrasive wear and has been used mainly as an abrasive. In dense, sintered form it has been applied as armor for bulletproof body vests, for vehicles and aircraft, as wear resistant linings such as sand blasting nozzles and as control rods in nuclear reactors.
Densification of boron carbide to relative densities of above 95% TD (theoretical density) typically requires small additions of amorphous carbon as a sintering aid and takes place at temperatures of at least 2100° C. Nevertheless for full densification (>99% TD) a hot pressing treatment is required. Boron carbide has the disadvantage of high brittleness, i.e. monolithic boron carbide ceramics have a very low fracture toughness which varies between 2.1 and 2.6 MPa·m1/2.
Self-bonded boron carbide has therefore not hitherto become established in applications as a structural ceramic, where strong and tough components are required. Fracture toughness of boron carbide armor should be improved, since according to LaSalvia [Ceram. Sci. and Eng. Proceedings 23, 213-220 (2002)] the armor ceramics should have both high hardness and high toughness to prevent penetration of the projectile.
Attempts have therefore been made to reinforce boron carbide, like other brittle monolithic ceramics, by dispersion of particulate hard materials. Thus, U.S. Pat. No. 5,543,370 to Sigl et al., for example discloses the toughening of boron carbide by the addition of titanium diboride (TiB2) and free carbon. The solid state sintered and HIP post-densified composites (HIP-conditions 2100° C., 200 MPa argon pressure) with 20 and 40 vol-% TiB2 exceed both the toughness and also the strength of pure boron carbide, with four-point flexural strength values in the range of from 550 to 740 MPa and KIC values in the range of from 4.7 to 6.8 MPa·m1/2. The sintered densities of these B4C based composites varied significantly with the amount of TiB2, i.e. 2.90 g/cm3 for 20 vol-% TiB2 and 3.30 g/cm3 for 40 vol-% TiB2. In a similar way to titanium diboride, other borides of the transition metals of the groups 4a to 6a of the Periodic Table, in equilibrium with B4C can also be used to improve the mechanical properties of boron carbide. EP 1,452,509 Al to Hirao et al., discloses a boron carbide chromium diboride (CrB2) composite, sintered at 2030° C. containing a dispersion of 10 to 25 mol-% CrB2 particles, and having a 4-point flexural strength in the range of 436 to 528 MPa and a fracture toughness of at least 3.0 MPa·m1/2, respectively. While the above mentioned composite materials are formed by mixing the desired metal boride phases and subsequent sintering, processes have also been described in which the desired metal boride composition is only formed after a suitable reaction of the starting materials during the sintering step. Skorokhod and Krstic [“High Strength—High Toughness B4C—TiB2 Composites”, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 19, 237-239 (2000)] have successfully fabricated a 85 B4C-15 TiB2 (vol-%) composite with a flexural strength of 621 MPa and a fracture toughness of 6.1 MPa·m1/2 (measured by the SENB method with a 100 μm notch width) by reaction hot pressing of a sub-micron particle sized boron carbide powder using additions of sub-micron size TiO2 and carbon at a temperature of 2000° C. The formation of uniform distributed TiB2 particles (<5 μm grain size) was in accordance with the reaction(1+x)B4C+2 TiO2+3 C→xB4C+2 TiB2+4 CO
The high strength of this material was attributed to the combination of high fracture toughness and fine microstructure. A further improvement of the mechanical properties of 80 B4C—20 TiB2 (mol-%) composites is disclosed in EP 1,452,509 A1 to Hirao et al., wherein via use of nanometer size TiO2 powder, carbon black and sub-micron particle sized B4C powder after reaction hot pressing at 2000° C. with a very high pressure of 50 MPa, dense sintered bodies (density 2.82 g/cm3, 100% TD) with both high flexural strength (720-870 MPa) and high toughness (2.8 to 3.4 MPa·m1/2, SEPB method) could be obtained. The improvement of mechanical properties was attributed to the fine-grained microstructure and uniform dispersion of TiB2 particles.
However, the proposed toughening method by dispersion of metal borides has technological disadvantages in view of the used densification processes (1) and concerning other material properties of the densified end product (2).
(1) Densification Processes
Solid state sintering of B4C—TiB2 composites requires high sintering temperatures in the range of from 2000 to 2175° C. Sintering of B4C—CrB2 composites is possible at 2030° C., however densification is incomplete (residual porosity above 2%). Via reaction hot pressing at 2000° C. 100% dense B4C—TiB2 composites can be obtained, however, the high molding pressure of 50 MPa used (see [0056] in EP 1,452,508 to Hirao et al.) restricts hot pressing to small area parts. Moreover, homogeneous distribution of ultra-fine TiO2 and carbon black in a methanol-B4C dispersion and drying of the flammable slurry are delicate processes and difficult to scale-up.
(2) Other Material Properties of Densified End Product
Since for toughening by particle dispersion the optimum volume content of added or in-situ grown particles is relatively high, densities of composites were increased, e.g., to 2.82 g/cm3 for a 15 vol-% TiB2 and to 3.32 g/cm3 for a 40 vol-% TiB2 composite, respectively. However, for lightweight armor application the density should remain as low as possible (below 2.60 g/cm3). Further, since hardness of TiB2 is significantly lower (comparable only to SiC), the resulting hardness of the B4C—TiB2 composites is inferior to the commercial grades of monolithic B4C ceramics. Therefore, the relatively high densities combined with a lower hardness inhibits the use of tough B4C—TiB2 composites as a lightweight ceramic armor material.
Another approach to produce tough and high strength B4C ceramics is to use liquid phase sintering. Lee and Kim [J. Mat. Sci. 27 (1992), 6335-6340] have shown that the addition of alumina, Al2O3, promoted the densification of boron carbide and a maximum density of 96% of theoretical can be obtained with 3 wt-% alumina-doped B4C sintered at 2150° C., i.e. above the melting point of Al2O3. The microstructure showed equiaxed B4C grains with a mean grain size of about 7 μm. However, as the addition of Al2O3 exceeded 3 wt-% exaggerated grain growth occurred, which was attributed to the liquid phase.
It has been reported by Kim et al., [J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83, No. 11, 2863-65 (2000)], that by hot pressing of B4C with alumina additions up to 5 vol-% at 2000° C. the mechanical properties can be remarkably increased as compared to undoped, hot pressed B4C of 88% relative density. Fracture toughness increased steadily with the addition of Al2O3 from ˜3 MPa·m1/2 (2.5 vol % Al2O3) up to 3.8 MPa·m1/2 (10 vol-% Al2O3). However the achieved flexural strength was below 560 MPa.
The use of yttria (Y2O3) containing sintering aids was first described in two Japanese Patent Applications, JP 62012663 to Kani (pressureless sintering of B4C with mixed additions of 4 wt-% Al+1 wt-% Si+3 wt-% Y2O3 at 2000° C.) and JP 08012434 to Kani (pressureless sintering with 0.5 wt-% Al+3 wt-% Y2O3 at 2000° C.). It was shown that instead of Y2O3 one can also use other oxides, nitrides, carbides or borides, the net result being the same. However, these processes are complicated due to sintering in atmospheres containing high aluminum partial pressures. Furthermore, no improvement in fracture toughness of B4C materials was reported.
The possibility to improve fracture toughness of boron carbide with yttria or mixed additions of yttria in combination with other oxides was first demonstrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,942 to Holcombe et al., and CN 1,438,201 to Li et al., respectively.
According to the method with is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,942, the fracture toughness of B4C can be increased to 3.9 MPa·m1/2 by vacuum sintering at 1900 to 1975° C. using powder compacts of composition 97.5 B4C-2.5 carbon (wt-%) packed in a yttria grit of 0.15 to 1.4 mm grain size. The vacuum allows yttrium oxide vapor to penetrate the powder compact promoting reaction-sintering of carbon-doped B4C to full density (2.62 g/cm3). The final composite showed an overall yttrium content of 9.4 wt-%, the yttrium being present in the form of Y—B—O—C containing 5 μm particulates dispersed evenly in a matrix of 40 μm boron carbide grains. X-ray diffraction identified that yttrium boride and yttrium borocarbide coexist with B4C. However, owing to uncontrolled gas infiltration this method is as yet unsuitable for mass production of liquid phase sintered B4C.
The Chinese patent application CN 1,438,201 also discloses a method to increase the toughness of boron carbide while maintaining a reasonable hardness and intermediate strength. The basis of the method is to use liquid phase sintering under vacuum or streaming argon of powder compacts comprising B4C powder (average particle size 0.6 to 3.5 μm) and 1 to 28 wt-% additions of Y2O3 in combination with Al2O3 or aluminum nitride (AlN) and any one of La2O3 or CeO2 components. The B4C material of example 4 (starting from a sub-micron powder mixture 95.2 B4C-0.8 La2O3-1.7 AlN-2.3 Y2O3, wt-%) obtained by pressureless sintering at 1920° C. for 270 minutes (i.e. 4.5 hours hold at max. temperature) was characterized with regard to mechanical properties: Vickers hardness 2950, four-point bend strength 520 MPa and fracture toughness 5.4 MPa·m1/2. No indication of the microstructure and the chemical composition of the final B4C sintered bodies was given. However, with the proposed method of pressureless sintering, in particular in view of the used atmosphere (vacuum/streaming argon gas), the long hold times at temperatures of around 1900° C., it is necessary to consider reactions between boron carbide and the rare earth oxides of the liquid phase. Reactions accordingY2O3+3 B4C→2 YB6+3 CO andLa2O3+3 B4C→2 LaB6+3 COresult in formation of rare earth borides, in weight losses (evolution of carbon monoxide) and in a decrease in sintered density of the bodies. Due to this, production of large parts using this process would be difficult to control. This is supported by experiments of the present inventors who, while reproducing the example 4 of CN 1,438,201, obtained very porous bodies (sintered density of only 2.05 g/cm3, corresponding to 80% of theoretical density). The obtained samples were found to contain rare earth hexaboride (LaB6) and rare earth borocarbide (YB2C2) in addition to boron carbide. Thus, due to the decomposition reactions the liquid phase was depleted to such an extent that is was not possible to make dense bodies.
The present invention differs from the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,942 and CN 1,438,201 relating to (1) a low-temperature low-pressure hot-pressing densification without any appreciable reaction between B4C and the liquid phase, (2) a new B4C material containing a rare earth aluminate as main component of the oxide binder phase, and having unique mechanical properties. |
Trophic flexibility and the persistence of understory birds in intensively logged rainforest.
Effects of logging on species composition in tropical rainforests are well known but may fail to reveal key changes in species interactions. We used nitrogen stable-isotope analysis of 73 species of understory birds to quantify trophic responses to repeated intensive logging of rainforest in northern Borneo and to test 4 hypotheses: logging has significant effects on trophic positions and trophic-niche widths of species, and the persistence of species in degraded forest is related to their trophic positions and trophic-niche widths in primary forest. Species fed from higher up the food chain and had narrower trophic-niche widths in degraded forest. Species with narrow trophic-niche widths in primary forest were less likely to persist after logging, a result that indicates a higher vulnerability of dietary specialists to local extinction following habitat disturbance. Persistence of species in degraded forest was not related to a species' trophic position. These results indicate changes in trophic organization that were not apparent from changes in species composition and highlight the importance of focusing on trophic flexibility over the prevailing emphasis on membership of static feeding guilds. Our results thus support the notion that alterations to trophic organization and interactions within tropical forests may be a pervasive and functionally important hidden effect of forest degradation. |
Authorities told Eyewitness News that two men in the twin engine piper plane were Arian Prevalla, who is an instructor at the American Flight Academy based at Brainard Airport in Hartford, and a student pilot, Feras Freitekh. Eyewitness News is still working to find out who was flying the plane. Police said there were two sets of controls for the twin engine aircraft.
Eyewitness News learned the Freitekh, who is Jordanian national, had lived in Illinois, Ohio and Connecticut since moving to the U.S. in 2012. He was on a student visa, that changed to a vocational one. He also attended language school in Toledo. The visa later reverted to the student visa.
"Our knowledge the deceased pilot has never been a resident or been in Orland Hills," Kyle Hastings, who is the mayor of Orland Hills, said.
Mayor and police in Orland Hills clarified that Freitekh was not a resident of their town, despite what his pilot’s application said.
A business associate of Freitekh’s father lives in Orland Hills and allowed Freitekh to send mail there.
Much of the debris was cleared on Wednesday at the crash site, but passersby can still see the charred ground along with the base of a utility pole. It was the same pole struck by the twin engine plane on Tuesday.
Federal officials, along with East Hartford police, were still pouring through evidence and trying to piece together a complete picture of what led to what has now been deemed an intentional crash. Police did not release any new details on the investigation.
"The circumstances beyond it being intentional or how it was intentional are all being investigated at this time," East Hartford Police Lt. Josh Litwin previously told Eyewitness News.
Main Street had re-opened on Thursday along with area streets and highways. Utility work near the crash was expected to be completed on Friday.
East Hartford Mayor Marcia Leclerc said her goal is help the jolted community feeling normal again.
“Life is back to normal here in East Hartford thanks to the dedicated efforts of everyone involved with responding to the crash. I am incredibly proud of our Police and Fire Departments, as well as our Public Works team for their quick and skilled efforts in responding to this incident. I have received many compliments from federal and state officials about the professionalism of our departments and their courtesy and cooperation," Leclerc said in a statement on Thursday.
Leclerc also thanked resident and people, who work in East Hartford, for cooperation.
"I know that it may be some time before the facts are completely clear, but I want to commend and thank everyone who has worked tirelessly over the past few days to help our community get back to full speed," Leclerc said.
Prevalla, who survived, walked from the fiery crash into a nearby American Eagle Credit Union for help, police said. The American Eagle Credit Union along with all other surrounding businesses had reopened on Thursday.
Suheilly Hernandez and her three children were in a minivan directly in the crashing plane's path, according to investigators.
An Associated Press report said it was suicide. It said a U.S. official familiar with the investigation said the men had an altercation and the instructor couldn't regain control of the aircraft. Investigators, however, have not confirmed that. They said they are looking at all avenues, including terrorism. |
Miami brewery J. Wakefield Brewing has announced the date for its official grand-opening brouhaha, and ticket sales for the event are now available online.
The brewery's taproom, which opened to the public in early January, will host a craft brew extravaganza featuring more than 60 specialty beers on tap and four food trucks. Fans of the newly opened Miami brewery who would like to sample some special suds must buy tickets to gain access. And the brewery will be packing them in (tickets sales cap at 1,000).
See also: J. Wakefield Tap Room to Open Next Month: "It's About Growing the Community"
Wakefield has been busy since opening six weeks ago. Just last week, the Esquire Network show Brew Dogs was onsite filming for an upcoming Season 3 episode featuring hosts Martin Dickie and James Watt's favorite South Florida breweries. Wakefield will be part of the show's new season lineup.
With so much going on, it's been a wild ride planning the grand-opening celebration, says Matt Smith, the brewery's social media manager. But this is one craft beer bash you won't want to miss it.
It'll all go down Saturday, February 28, from noon to 5 p.m. Smith says the brewery will offer more than 30 of its own craft beers, as well as 20-plus guest taps featuring specialty releases from Florida breweries (think Cigar City's Oatmeal Raisin Cookie and Funky Buddha's Last Snow).
Brewer Johnathan Wakefield confirms that his La Nada, a Russian imperial stout; It's a Trappe, a Belgian quad brewed with cherries; and a Lychee Rose STUSH will be available. There will also be a number of highly coveted national brews, including Zombie Dust American pale ale from 3 Floyd's Brewing Co. out of Indiana.
During the event, Il Fiorentino, Original Greek, Mr. PB&J, and Purple People Eaters will roll through with plenty of food to help you soak up all the brew.
The $60 entry fee will get you unlimited four-ounce pours of more than 60 beers from noon to 5 p.m. Tickets are on sale now. Visit jwbrewinggrandopening.brownpapertickets.com.
Nicole Danna is a food blogger covering Broward and Palm Beach counties. To get the latest in food and drink news in South Florida, follow her @SoFloNicole or find her latest food pics on Clean Plate's Instagram.
Follow @Short_Order |
Stroke incidence and mortality trends in US communities, 1987 to 2011.
Prior studies have shown decreases in stroke mortality over time, but data on validated stroke incidence and long-term trends by race are limited. To study trends in stroke incidence and subsequent mortality among black and white adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort from 1987 to 2011. Prospective cohort study of 14,357 participants (282,097 person-years) free of stroke at baseline was facilitated in 4 different US communities. Participants were recruited for the purpose of studying all stroke hospitalizations and deaths and for collection of baseline information on cardiovascular risk factors (via interviews and physical examinations) in 1987-1989. Participants were followed up (via examinations, annual phone interviews, active surveillance of discharges from local hospitals, and linkage with the National Death Index) through December 31, 2011. The study physician reviewers adjudicated all possible strokes and classified them as definite or probable ischemic or hemorrhagic events. Trends in rates of first-ever stroke per 10 years of calendar time were estimated using Poisson regression incidence rate ratios (IRRs), with subsequent mortality analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models and hazard ratios (HRs) overall and by race, sex, and age divided at 65 years. Among 1051 (7%) participants with incident stroke, there were 929 with incident ischemic stroke and 140 with incident hemorrhagic stroke (18 participants had both during the study period). Crude incidence rates were 3.73 (95% CI, 3.51-3.96) per 1000 person-years for total stroke, 3.29 (95% CI, 3.08-3.50) per 1000 person-years for ischemic stroke, and 0.49 (95% CI, 0.41-0.57) per 1000 person-years for hemorrhagic stroke. Stroke incidence decreased over time in white and black participants (age-adjusted IRRs per 10-year period, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.87]; absolute decrease of 0.93 per 1000 person-years overall). The decrease in age-adjusted incidence was evident in participants age 65 years and older (age-adjusted IRR per 10-year period, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.59-0.81]; absolute decrease of 1.35 per 1000 person-years) but not evident in participants younger than 65 years (age-adjusted IRR per 10-year period, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.76-1.25]; absolute decrease of 0.09 per 1000 person-years) (P = .02 for interaction). The decrease in incidence was similar by sex. Of participants with incident stroke, 614 (58%) died through 2011. The mortality rate was higher for hemorrhagic stroke (68%) than for ischemic stroke (57%). Overall, mortality after stroke decreased over time (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.66-0.98]; absolute decrease of 8.09 per 100 strokes after 10 years [per 10-year period]). The decrease in mortality was mostly accounted for by the decrease at younger than age 65 years (HR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.46-0.93]; absolute decrease of 14.19 per 100 strokes after 10 years [per 10-year period]), but was similar across race and sex. In a multicenter cohort of black and white adults in US communities, stroke incidence and mortality rates decreased from 1987 to 2011. The decreases varied across age groups, but were similar across sex and race, showing that improvements in stroke incidence and outcome continued to 2011. |
As stated with the recent announcement of Shin Megami Tensei IV Final for the 3DS, there will be a special “Shinjuku Disaster” live stream for the game on October 11, 2015.
A few details concerning the Shin Megami Tensei IV Final Niconico Live special “Shinjuku Disaster” stream have been revealed, through the Niconico page.
Details
The live stream will be revealing the latest details for the completely new, long-awaited next game in the Shin Megami Tensei RPG series: “Shin Megami Tensei IV FINAL.” The page states to not miss this moment of historic “disaster.”
Schedule
The pre-broadcast will start on October 11 at 19:00 JST and last an hour, until 20:00 JST (3:00 AM to 4:00 AM PDT / 6:00 AM to 7:00 AM EDT).
This pre-broadcast segment will feature Shin Megami Tensei IV background music.
The main show will start at 20:00 JST (4:00 AM PDT / 7:00 AM EDT).
Guests
Host: Koji Watanabe (writer)
Ami Koshimizu (voice actor; voices Yukiko Amagi in the Persona series)
Kazuyuki Yamai (Atlus / Shin Megami Tensei IV FINAL Producer)
The live stream will be available through the Niconico page and through an embed on the official Shin Megami Tensei IV Final website.
Shin Megami Tensei IV Final is slated to release for the Nintendo 3DS on February 10, 2016 in Japan.
— Niconico |
// Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// +build ingore
// Package driver defines interfaces to be implemented by database
// drivers as used by package sql.
//
// Most code should use package sql.
// driver包定义了应被数据库驱动实现的接口，这些接口会被sql包使用。
//
// 绝大多数代码应使用sql包。
package driver
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"reflect"
"strconv"
"time"
)
// Bool is a ValueConverter that converts input values to bools.
//
// The conversion rules are:
// - booleans are returned unchanged
// - for integer types,
// 1 is true
// 0 is false,
// other integers are an error
// - for strings and []byte, same rules as strconv.ParseBool
// - all other types are an error
// Bool is a ValueConverter that converts input values to bools.
//
// The conversion rules are:
//
// - booleans are returned unchanged
// - for integer types,
// 1 is true
// 0 is false,
// other integers are an error
// - for strings and []byte, same rules as strconv.ParseBool
// - all other types are an error
var Bool boolType
// DefaultParameterConverter is the default implementation of
// ValueConverter that's used when a Stmt doesn't implement
// ColumnConverter.
//
// DefaultParameterConverter returns its argument directly if
// IsValue(arg). Otherwise, if the argument implements Valuer, its
// Value method is used to return a Value. As a fallback, the provided
// argument's underlying type is used to convert it to a Value:
// underlying integer types are converted to int64, floats to float64,
// and strings to []byte. If the argument is a nil pointer,
// ConvertValue returns a nil Value. If the argument is a non-nil
// pointer, it is dereferenced and ConvertValue is called
// recursively. Other types are an error.
// DefaultParameterConverter is the default implementation of ValueConverter
// that's used when a Stmt doesn't implement ColumnConverter.
//
// DefaultParameterConverter returns the given value directly if IsValue(value).
// Otherwise integer type are converted to int64, floats to float64, and strings
// to []byte. Other types are an error.
var DefaultParameterConverter defaultConverter
// ErrBadConn should be returned by a driver to signal to the sql
// package that a driver.Conn is in a bad state (such as the server
// having earlier closed the connection) and the sql package should
// retry on a new connection.
//
// To prevent duplicate operations, ErrBadConn should NOT be returned
// if there's a possibility that the database server might have
// performed the operation. Even if the server sends back an error,
// you shouldn't return ErrBadConn.
// ErrBadConn should be returned by a driver to signal to the sql package that a
// driver.Conn is in a bad state (such as the server having earlier closed the
// connection) and the sql package should retry on a new connection.
//
// To prevent duplicate operations, ErrBadConn should NOT be returned if there's
// a possibility that the database server might have performed the operation.
// Even if the server sends back an error, you shouldn't return ErrBadConn.
var ErrBadConn = errors.New("driver: bad connection")
// ErrSkip may be returned by some optional interfaces' methods to
// indicate at runtime that the fast path is unavailable and the sql
// package should continue as if the optional interface was not
// implemented. ErrSkip is only supported where explicitly
// documented.
// ErrSkip may be returned by some optional interfaces' methods to indicate at
// runtime that the fast path is unavailable and the sql package should continue
// as if the optional interface was not implemented. ErrSkip is only supported
// where explicitly documented.
var ErrSkip = errors.New("driver: skip fast-path; continue as if unimplemented")
// Int32 is a ValueConverter that converts input values to int64,
// respecting the limits of an int32 value.
// Int32 is a ValueConverter that converts input values to int64, respecting the
// limits of an int32 value.
var Int32 int32Type
// ResultNoRows is a pre-defined Result for drivers to return when a DDL
// command (such as a CREATE TABLE) succeeds. It returns an error for both
// LastInsertId and RowsAffected.
// ResultNoRows is a pre-defined Result for drivers to return when a DDL command
// (such as a CREATE TABLE) succeeds. It returns an error for both LastInsertId
// and RowsAffected.
var ResultNoRows noRows
// String is a ValueConverter that converts its input to a string.
// If the value is already a string or []byte, it's unchanged.
// If the value is of another type, conversion to string is done
// with fmt.Sprintf("%v", v).
// String is a ValueConverter that converts its input to a string. If the value
// is already a string or []byte, it's unchanged. If the value is of another
// type, conversion to string is done with fmt.Sprintf("%v", v).
var String stringType
// ColumnConverter may be optionally implemented by Stmt if the
// statement is aware of its own columns' types and can convert from
// any type to a driver Value.
// 如果Stmt有自己的列类型，可以实现ColumnConverter接口，返回值可以将任意类型转换
// 为驱动的Value类型。
type ColumnConverter interface {
// ColumnConverter returns a ValueConverter for the provided
// column index. If the type of a specific column isn't known
// or shouldn't be handled specially, DefaultValueConverter
// can be returned.
ColumnConverter(idx int)ValueConverter
}
// Conn is a connection to a database. It is not used concurrently
// by multiple goroutines.
//
// Conn is assumed to be stateful.
// Conn是与数据库的连接。该连接不会被多线程并行使用。连接被假定为具有状态的。
type Conn interface {
// Prepare returns a prepared statement, bound to this connection.
Prepare(query string) (Stmt, error)
// Close invalidates and potentially stops any current
// prepared statements and transactions, marking this
// connection as no longer in use.
//
// Because the sql package maintains a free pool of
// connections and only calls Close when there's a surplus of
// idle connections, it shouldn't be necessary for drivers to
// do their own connection caching.
Close()error
// Begin starts and returns a new transaction.
Begin() (Tx, error)
}
// Driver is the interface that must be implemented by a database
// driver.
// Driver接口必须被数据库驱动实现。
type Driver interface {
// Open returns a new connection to the database.
// The name is a string in a driver-specific format.
//
// Open may return a cached connection (one previously
// closed), but doing so is unnecessary; the sql package
// maintains a pool of idle connections for efficient re-use.
//
// The returned connection is only used by one goroutine at a
// time.
Open(name string) (Conn, error)
}
// Execer is an optional interface that may be implemented by a Conn.
//
// If a Conn does not implement Execer, the sql package's DB.Exec will
// first prepare a query, execute the statement, and then close the
// statement.
//
// Exec may return ErrSkip.
// Execer是一个可选的、可能被Conn接口实现的接口。
//
// 如果一个Conn未实现Execer接口，sql包的DB.Exec会首先准备一个查询，执行状态，然
// 后关闭状态。Exec可能会返回ErrSkip。
type Execer interface {
Exec(query string, args []Value) (Result, error)
}
// NotNull is a type that implements ValueConverter by disallowing nil
// values but otherwise delegating to another ValueConverter.
// NotNull实现了ValueConverter接口，不允许nil值，否则会将值交给Converter字段处理
// 。
type NotNull struct {
Converter ValueConverter
}
// Null is a type that implements ValueConverter by allowing nil
// values but otherwise delegating to another ValueConverter.
// Null实现了ValueConverter接口，允许nil值，否则会将值交给Converter字段处理。
type Null struct {
Converter ValueConverter
}
// Queryer is an optional interface that may be implemented by a Conn.
//
// If a Conn does not implement Queryer, the sql package's DB.Query will
// first prepare a query, execute the statement, and then close the
// statement.
//
// Query may return ErrSkip.
// Queryer是一个可选的、可能被Conn接口实现的接口。 如果一个Conn未实现Queryer接
// 口，sql包的DB.Query会首先准备一个查询，执行状态， 然后关闭状态。Query可能会返
// 回ErrSkip。
type Queryer interface {
Query(query string, args []Value) (Rows, error)
}
// Result is the result of a query execution.
// Result是查询执行的结果。
type Result interface {
// LastInsertId returns the database's auto-generated ID
// after, for example, an INSERT into a table with primary
// key.
LastInsertId() (int64, error)
// RowsAffected returns the number of rows affected by the
// query.
RowsAffected() (int64, error)
}
// Rows is an iterator over an executed query's results.
// Rows是执行查询得到的结果的迭代器。
type Rows interface {
// Columns returns the names of the columns. The number of
// columns of the result is inferred from the length of the
// slice. If a particular column name isn't known, an empty
// string should be returned for that entry.
Columns()[]string
// Close closes the rows iterator.
Close()error
// Next is called to populate the next row of data into
// the provided slice. The provided slice will be the same
// size as the Columns() are wide.
//
// Next should return io.EOF when there are no more rows.
Next(dest []Value)error
}
// RowsAffected implements Result for an INSERT or UPDATE operation
// which mutates a number of rows.
// RowsAffected实现了Result接口，用于insert或update操作，这些操作会修改零到多行
// 数据。
type RowsAffected int64
// Stmt is a prepared statement. It is bound to a Conn and not
// used by multiple goroutines concurrently.
// Stmt是准备好的状态。它会绑定到一个连接，不应被多go程同时使用。
type Stmt interface {
// Close closes the statement.
//
// As of Go 1.1, a Stmt will not be closed if it's in use
// by any queries.
Close()error
// NumInput returns the number of placeholder parameters.
//
// If NumInput returns >= 0, the sql package will sanity check
// argument counts from callers and return errors to the caller
// before the statement's Exec or Query methods are called.
//
// NumInput may also return -1, if the driver doesn't know
// its number of placeholders. In that case, the sql package
// will not sanity check Exec or Query argument counts.
NumInput()int
// Exec executes a query that doesn't return rows, such
// as an INSERT or UPDATE.
Exec(args []Value) (Result, error)
// Query executes a query that may return rows, such as a
// SELECT.
Query(args []Value) (Rows, error)
}
// Tx is a transaction.
// Tx是一次事务。
type Tx interface {
Commit()error
Rollback()error
}
// Value is a value that drivers must be able to handle.
// It is either nil or an instance of one of these types:
//
// int64
// float64
// bool
// []byte
// string
// time.Time
// Value是驱动必须能处理的值。它要么是nil，要么是如下类型的实例：
//
// int64
// float64
// bool
// []byte
// string [*] Rows.Next不会返回该类型值
// time.Time
type Value interface {
}
// ValueConverter is the interface providing the ConvertValue method.
//
// Various implementations of ValueConverter are provided by the
// driver package to provide consistent implementations of conversions
// between drivers. The ValueConverters have several uses:
//
// * converting from the Value types as provided by the sql package
// into a database table's specific column type and making sure it
// fits, such as making sure a particular int64 fits in a
// table's uint16 column.
//
// * converting a value as given from the database into one of the
// driver Value types.
//
// * by the sql package, for converting from a driver's Value type
// to a user's type in a scan.
// ValueConverter接口提供了ConvertValue方法。
//
// driver包提供了各种ValueConverter接口的实现，以保证不同驱动之间的实现和转换的一致性。ValueConverter接口有如下用途：
//
// * 转换sql包提供的Value类型值到数据库指定列的类型，并保证它的匹配，
// 例如保证某个int64值满足一个表的uint16列。
//
// * 转换数据库提供的值到驱动的Value类型。
//
// * 在扫描时被sql包用于将驱动的Value类型转换为用户的类型。
type ValueConverter interface {
// ConvertValue converts a value to a driver Value.
ConvertValue(v interface{}) (Value, error)
}
// Valuer is the interface providing the Value method.
//
// Types implementing Valuer interface are able to convert
// themselves to a driver Value.
// Valuer是提供Value方法的接口。实现了Valuer接口的类型可以将自身转换为驱动支持的
// Value类型值。
type Valuer interface {
// Value returns a driver Value.
Value() (Value, error)
}
// IsScanValue is equivalent to IsValue.
// It exists for compatibility.
// IsScanValue报告v是否是合法的Value扫描类型参数。和IsValue不同，IsScanValue不接
// 受字符串类型。
func IsScanValue(v interface{}) bool
// IsValue reports whether v is a valid Value parameter type.
// IsValue报告v是否是合法的Value类型参数。和IsScanValue不同，IsValue接受字符串类
// 型。
func IsValue(v interface{}) bool
func (n NotNull) ConvertValue(v interface{}) (Value, error)
func (n Null) ConvertValue(v interface{}) (Value, error)
func (RowsAffected) LastInsertId() (int64, error)
func (v RowsAffected) RowsAffected() (int64, error)
|
Friday, September 24, 2010
Wednesday (9/22) - Peace at last, no leaks. Now for wall color decision. I painted two more color samples. Do we want to go with a warm buttery yellow or a cool blue? (the yellow won)
Friday - (9/24) - While on the golf course, playing in my first ever golf tournament, the plumbers called. I was too afraid to answer. When I got home, I came home to... glass shower walls installed. Hooray! Now we're looking good.
Monday, September 20, 2010
Blahs Day 2: Today the plumber showed up early. I truly think he was just as upset as I was about the leak. He promptly assessed the situation and replaced a part (the vertical piece that's in the tank). He said the plastic threads must have cracked and he replaced with a new part that has brass fittings. T from the office brought over a huge dehumidifier by 9:30 am. They assured us that no damage was done to the subfloor, newly installed tile or newly installed heated pad.
Sunday, September 19, 2010
This evening we discovered a leaky toilet. Yup, the same toilet that was just installed last week. It leaked over our newly installed tile floor, new sub floor and into our basement crawl space. I'm so upset; I feel like I never want to see these workers back in my house again.
Saturday, September 18, 2010
Brad, the girls and I visited Grounds for Sculpture today in Hamilton, NJ. We had never been there before, but were prompted to visit because of the exhibit featuring Keith Haring's work - Keith Haring: A New Dimension. Today, being a gorgeous fall day and the last day of Keith's exhibit, seemed like the perfect day to venture out. We weren't sure how the girls would like it, but they ended up loving the place. It was way better than we had imagined and we all look forward to returning to take in more of the grounds.
Monday, September 06, 2010
Saturday night we camped out in Mom and Dad's backyard. It was great fun: sat by the campfire, roasted hotdogs and marshmallows and made s'mores. Sunday we celebrated Charley's 76th birthday. Today, IKEA in the morning then Brad went to the Phillies game and the girls and I ate corn pie at Mom's. It was magnificent corn pie! |
Opercular syndrome without opercular lesions: Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome in progressive supranuclear motor system degeneration.
A patient is described with slowly progressive supranuclear motor system degeneration (primary lateral sclerosis) characterized by pure bulbar spasticity for six years until a spastic tetraparesis developed. Clinically and electrophysiologically there was and still is no evidence of lower motor neuron involvement. Recently the patient presented with a syndrome of complete inability to move face and tongue voluntarily with preservation of the ability to move them "automatically", e.g. within gestures: automatic-voluntary motor dissociation. Loss of voluntary innervation of the facio-pharyngo-glossomasticatory muscles with preservation of involuntary innervation are the features of the Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome, which to date has most often been described in association with bilateral vascular lesions of the opercula or their cortigofugal projections. |
Libraries and information services and Indigenous peoples
ALIA Objects addressed
To promote the free flow of information and ideas in the interest of all Australians and a thriving culture, economy and democracy.
To promote and improve the services provided by all kinds of library and information agencies;.
To ensure the high standard of personnel engaged in information provision and foster their professional interests and aspirations.
Principles
In furthering the goals of free flow of information, library and information services must engage with Indigenous clienteles and with issues arising from Indigenous knowledge and the experiences and priorities of Indigenous Australians.
Statement
The Australian Library and Information Association endorses the vision of a united Australia which respects this land of ours; values the Indigenous heritage; and provides justice and equity for all.
The Association recognises that libraries and information services have a role to play in the process of reconciliation by encouraging their engagement with the process of reconciliation and by examining and, where necessary, amending their policies and practices in consultation with Indigenous peoples.
The Association recognises the diversity of Indigenous cultures. It believes that the participation of Indigenous peoples in planning and decision making will lead to the achievement of appropriate representation of this diversity in library and information services. The Association affirms its commitment by taking a leadership role in promoting participation.
Four key areas are to be addressed by the library and information services sector in providing services to Indigenous peoples, and in managing information relevant to Indigenous cultures and communities.
Indigenous peoples are included in decision-making and policy formulation processes to ensure that culturally appropriate decisions can be made and, where relevant, Indigenous peoples participate in the governance and operation of library and information services.
Provision and management of information resources and provision of services recognise cultural diversity, and culturally appropriate decisions are made on all issues related to access to information and provision of services. This will include consultation with community representatives.
For equity of employment Indigenous peoples must have access to employment opportunities at all levels and in all areas of library and information services. Opportunities for education and training should be provided to allow Indigenous staff to pursue their career aspirations.
Cross-cultural awareness programs are implemented and provide opportunities for two-way learning. Programs should reflect the diversity of Indigenous peoples and be developed in conjunction with the local Indigenous community.
Relevant government policy and legislation and the Indigenous protocols for libraries, archives and information services must guide and determine practice within the library and information sector. |
Leumeah, Macarthur/Camden 2560 Houses for Sale
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* Four bedroom home only minutes walk to Leumeah Station
* Open plan living with air conditioning and cathedral ceiling
* Spacious kitchen and dining area
*... |
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) GeoWorks 1994 -- All Rights Reserved
GEOWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
PROJECT: GEOS
MODULE: OpenLook/Open
FILE: copenAppMisc.asm
ROUTINES:
Name Description
---- -----------
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_SET_MEASUREMENT_TYPE
Set the application's measurement type
MTD MSG_META_QUERY_IF_PRESS_IS_INK
If the application is *not* the focus
application, then presses on it are not
turned into ink.
MTD MSG_META_GET_FOCUS_EXCL Returns the current focus/target/model
below this point in hierarchy
MTD MSG_META_GET_MODEL_EXCL Returns the current focus/target/model
below this point in hierarchy
MTD MSG_META_GET_TARGET_EXCL
Returns the current focus/target/model
below this point in hierarchy
INT OLApplicationGetCommon Returns the current focus/target/model
below this point in hierarchy
MTD MSG_META_GET_TARGET_AT_TARGET_LEVEL
Returns current target object within this
branch of the hierarchical target
exclusive, at level requested
MTD MSG_SPEC_RESOLVE_MONIKER_LIST
Intercept MSG_SPEC_RESOLVE_MONIKER_LIST to
NOT resolve moniker list into a single
moniker. GenApplication is allowed keep a
moniker list.
MTD MSG_SPEC_UPDATE_VIS_MONIKER
Handle change in GenApplication moniker by
telling iconified apps' icon, if any, to
update.
MTD MSG_META_KBD_CHAR Intercept keyboard events to ignore input
when necessary
MTD MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
navigate to next window, ignored if modal
window is up
INT OLANTNW_Callback callback routine to find next window
MTD MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
navigate to next app in field
MTD MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
navigate to next app in field
MTD MSG_OL_APP_TRY_NAVIGATE_TO_APP
try navigating to this app, navigate to
next if not possible
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BUILD_STANDARD_DIALOG
Build a standard dialog box, attach it to
this application object, & set it USABLE.
INT CreateHelpHintIfNeeded Create a ATTR_GEN_HELP_CONTEXT if one was
specified in the parameters
INT CreateMultipleResponseTriggers
Create response triggers for a
GIT_MULTIPLE_RESPONSE dialog.
INT CopyTriggerTemplate Duplicate trigger template
INT SubstituteStringArg Substitute a string for a character in a
chunk
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_DIALOG
Execute a standard dialog box.
MTD MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE
Finish a standard dialog box.
MTD MSG_META_START_SELECT Mouse button stuff.
INT NukeExpressMenu Gets rid of any express menus in stay up
mode.
MTD MSG_META_NOTIFY Notification that a
GWNT_HARD_ICON_BAR_FUNCTION or
GWNT_STARTUP_INDEXED_APP has occurred - do
a NukeExpressMenu.
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TEST_FOR_CANCEL_MNEMONIC
Tests for cancel mnemonic for the specific
UI.
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_CURRENT_MENU_BAR
toggle current GenPrimary's menu bar, if
togglable
MTD MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
toggle parent field's express menu.
MTD MSG_META_QUERY_SAVE_DOCUMENTS
Save documents on an app switch.
MTD MSG_META_GAINED_FULL_SCREEN_EXCL
Hack to force the model to match the target
when the application comes to the front.
Currently the document control stuff is
forced to muck with the model exclusive
when saving documents prior to switching
apps, so that the model document is not on
top.
MTD MSG_META_GAINED_FULL_SCREEN_EXCL
Sends data blocks containing, the text
moniker, and icon moniker to the Indicator
App.
MTD MSG_META_APP_SHUTDOWN We're shutting down the app. Subclassed
here so the app can re-enable the express
menu, if it's disabled, to cover up
problems with switching apps quickly in
Redwood.
Menu disabling happens in the express menu
code -- see cwinField.asm
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
dlitwin 10/10/94 Broken out of copenApplication.asm
DESCRIPTION:
$Id: copenAppMisc.asm,v 1.4 98/07/13 10:19:48 joon Exp $
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
InstanceObscure segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationSetMeasurementType --
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_SET_MEASUREMENT_TYPE for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Set the application's measurement type
PASS:
*ds:si - instance data
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - The method
cl - AppMeasurementType
RETURN:
cx, dx, bp - same
DESTROYED:
bx, si, di, ds, es (method handler)
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 5/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationSetMeasurementType method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_SET_MEASUREMENT_TYPE
mov ds:[di].OLAI_units, cl
ret
OLApplicationSetMeasurementType endm
InstanceObscure ends
CommonFunctional segment resource
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationQueryIfPressIsInk
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: If the application is *not* the focus application, then
presses on it are not turned into ink.
CALLED BY: GLOBAL
PASS: ds:di - OLApplication instance data
cx, dx - position of mouse
RETURN: ax - InkReturnValue
DESTROYED: nada
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
atw 12/ 4/91 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLApplicationQueryIfPressIsInk method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_META_QUERY_IF_PRESS_IS_INK
if GRAFFITI_ANYWHERE and 0
;
; Pass the query onto the first focused child.
;
push ax, cx, dx
mov ax, MSG_VIS_FUP_QUERY_FOCUS_EXCL
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ; ^lcx:dx = obj
movdw bxsi, cxdx
pop ax, cx, dx ; passed args
mov di, mask MF_CALL
call ObjMessage ; ax, bp = returned
push ax ; InkReturnValue
mov_tr cx, ax ; just in case start-select
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_INK_QUERY_REPLY
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ; is being held up
pop ax
else
;
; If any menus were up, release them now. -cbh 12/15/92
;
push cx, dx
call OLCountStayUpModeMenus ;release any menus, no counting
pop cx, dx
tst bp
jnz noInk ;No ink if menus in stayup mode
mov di, ds:[si]
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset
test ds:[di].OLAI_flowFlags, mask AFF_FOCUS_APP
jnz callSuper ;If this is the focused app,
; pass query off to children
noInk:
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_INK_QUERY_REPLY
mov cx, IRV_NO_INK
GOTO ObjCallInstanceNoLock
callSuper:
mov ax, MSG_META_QUERY_IF_PRESS_IS_INK
mov di, offset OLApplicationClass
CallSuper MSG_META_QUERY_IF_PRESS_IS_INK
exit:
endif ; not _JEDIMOTIF
ret
OLApplicationQueryIfPressIsInk endp
CommonFunctional ends
ActionObscure segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationGetFocus
METHOD: OLApplicationGetTarget
METHOD: OLApplicationGetModel
DESCRIPTION: Returns the current focus/target/model
below this point in hierarchy
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
ds:di - SpecInstance
es - segment of class
ax - MSG_META_GET_[FOCUS/TARGET/MODEL]
RETURN: ^lcx:dx - handle of object
ax, bp - destroyed
carry - set
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Doug 9/25/91 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationGetFocusExcl method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_GET_FOCUS_EXCL
mov bx, offset VCNI_focusExcl
GOTO OLApplicationGetCommon
OLApplicationGetFocusExcl endm
OLApplicationGetModelExcl method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_GET_MODEL_EXCL
mov bx, offset OLAI_modelExcl
GOTO OLApplicationGetCommon
OLApplicationGetModelExcl endm
OLApplicationGetTargetExcl method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_GET_TARGET_EXCL
mov bx, offset VCNI_targetExcl
FALL_THRU OLApplicationGetCommon
OLApplicationGetTargetExcl endm
OLApplicationGetCommon proc far
mov cx, ds:[di][bx].FTVMC_OD.handle
mov dx, ds:[di][bx].FTVMC_OD.chunk
Destroy ax, bp
stc
ret
OLApplicationGetCommon endp
ActionObscure ends
ActionObscure segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationGetTargetAtTargetLevel
DESCRIPTION: Returns current target object within this branch of the
hierarchical target exclusive, at level requested
PASS:
*ds:si - instance data
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - MSG_META_GET_TARGET_AT_TARGET_LEVEL
cx - TargetLevel
RETURN:
cx:dx - OD of target at level requested (0 if none)
bp - TargetType
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Doug 1/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationGetTargetAtTargetLevel method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_GET_TARGET_AT_TARGET_LEVEL
mov ax, TL_GEN_APPLICATION
mov bx, Vis_offset
mov di, offset VCNI_targetExcl
call FlowGetTargetAtTargetLevel
ret
OLApplicationGetTargetAtTargetLevel endm
ActionObscure ends
ActionObscure segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: OLApplicationSpecResolveMonikerList -
MSG_SPEC_RESOLVE_MONIKER_LIST handler.
DESCRIPTION: Intercept MSG_SPEC_RESOLVE_MONIKER_LIST to NOT resolve moniker
list into a single moniker. GenApplication is allowed keep
a moniker list.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
*ds:cx - moniker list to resolve
RETURNS: nothing
DESTROYED:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 4/2/92 initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationSpecResolveMonikerList method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_SPEC_RESOLVE_MONIKER_LIST
ret
OLApplicationSpecResolveMonikerList endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: OLApplicationSpecUpdateVisMoniker -
MSG_SPEC_UPDATE_VIS_MONIKER handler.
DESCRIPTION: Handle change in GenApplication moniker by telling iconified
apps' icon, if any, to update.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
dl - VisUpdateMode
cx - width of old moniker
bp - height of old moniker
RETURNS: nothing
DESTROYED:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 4/3/92 initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationSpecUpdateVisMoniker method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_SPEC_UPDATE_VIS_MONIKER
;
; First, call superclass for default handling
;
mov di, offset OLApplicationClass
CallSuper MSG_SPEC_UPDATE_VIS_MONIKER
;
; Send MSG_OL_MENUED_WIN_UPDATE_ICON_MONIKER to all GenPrimarys. It
; will update its icon, if any.
;
push si
mov bx, segment GenPrimaryClass
mov si, offset GenPrimaryClass
mov ax, MSG_OL_MENUED_WIN_UPDATE_ICON_MONIKER
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage ; di = event
mov cx, di ; cx = event
pop si
mov ax, MSG_GEN_SEND_TO_CHILDREN
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
;
; XXX: update GEOS tasks list entries?
;
ret
OLApplicationSpecUpdateVisMoniker endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationUnwantedKbdEvent
DESCRIPTION: Handler for Kbd event with no destination, i.e. no kbd grab
has been set up. Default behavior here is to beep,
on presses only.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - MSG_VIS_CONTENT_UNWANTED_KBD_EVENT
cx, dx, bp - same as MSG_META_KBD_CHAR
RETURN: nothing
ax, cx, dx, bp -- destroyed
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Doug 6/91 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationUnwantedKbdEvent method OLApplicationClass,
MSG_VIS_CONTENT_UNWANTED_KBD_EVENT
; No destination!
; See if first press or not
test dl, mask CF_FIRST_PRESS
jz afterBeep ; if not, no beep
; Let user know that he is annoying us ;)
push ax
mov ax, SST_NO_INPUT
call UserStandardSound
pop ax
afterBeep:
Destroy ax, cx, dx, bp
ret
OLApplicationUnwantedKbdEvent endm
ActionObscure ends
KbdNavigation segment resource
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationKbdChar
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: Intercept keyboard events to ignore input when necessary
CALLED BY: MSG_META_KBD_CHAR
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
ds:bx = OLApplicationClass object (same as *ds:si)
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = message #
cx = character value
dl = CharFlags
dh = ShiftState
bp low = ToggleState
bp high = scan code
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: ax, cx, dx, bp
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
JS 5/27/93 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if _KBD_NAVIGATION ;------------------------------------------------------
OLApplicationKbdChar method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_META_KBD_CHAR
;
; If overriding input restrictions, process kbd input.
; Otherwise, check ignore input flag
;
test ds:[di].OLAI_flowFlags, mask AFF_OVERRIDE_INPUT_RESTRICTIONS
jnz processKbdChar
; If no modal window, however
tst ds:[di].OLAI_ignoreInputCount ; check for ignore input mode.
jz processKbdChar ; if active, just send on to
; field & do nothing else.
mov ax, MSG_META_FUP_KBD_CHAR
GOTO GenCallParent ; Send to field
processKbdChar:
;
; If we're low on handles, ignore input and then send accept input via
; the process thread. This will ignore input until we've caught up.
;
push ax, dx
mov ax, SGIT_NUMBER_OF_FREE_HANDLES
call SysGetInfo
cmp ax, LOW_ON_FREE_HANDLES_THRESHOLD
ja manyHandles
tst ds:[di].OLAI_ignoreInputCount
jnz manyHandles ; skip ignore if already ignore
push cx, bp
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_IGNORE_INPUT
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_ACCEPT_INPUT
call UserSendToApplicationViaProcess
pop cx, bp
manyHandles:
pop ax, dx
mov di, offset OLApplicationClass
GOTO ObjCallSuperNoLock
OLApplicationKbdChar endm
endif ;------------------------------------------------------
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationFupKbdChar --
MSG_META_FUP_KBD_CHAR for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Handles keyboard characters, in order to do application
shortcuts.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_META_FUP_KBD_CHAR
cx = character value
dl = CharFlags
dh = ShiftState (ModBits)
bp low = ToggleState
bp high = scan code
RETURN: carry set if key handled
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 4/12/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationFupKbdChar method OLApplicationClass, MSG_META_FUP_KBD_CHAR
mov di, 1000
call ThreadBorrowStackSpace
push di
mov di, ds:[si]
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset
SBCS < cmp ch, CS_UI_FUNCS ; If a UI function notification>
SBCS < LONG je callField ; don't need to do anything >
; If a modal window is up,
; go ahead & process kbd input
; for it (ignore input
; overridden)
if _KBD_NAVIGATION ;------------------------------------------------------
; If overriding input restrictions, process kbd input.
; Otherwise, check ignore input flag
;
test ds:[di].OLAI_flowFlags, \
mask AFF_OVERRIDE_INPUT_RESTRICTIONS
jnz processKbdChar
; If no modal window, however
tst ds:[di].OLAI_ignoreInputCount ; check for ignore input mode.
LONG jnz callField ; if active, just send on to
; field & do nothing else.
processKbdChar:
test dl,mask CF_RELEASE or mask CF_STATE_KEY or mask CF_TEMP_ACCENT
LONG jnz doLocalShortcuts ;ignore if not press.
;
; If .ini flag says not to process kbd accelerators, don't
;
call UserGetKbdAcceleratorMode ; Z set if off
LONG jz afterLocalShortcuts ; skip all shortcuts
;
; Special case <F1> for help -- we want this to bring up
; help even for modal dialogs (Ctrl-H in Redwood. 9/13/93 cbh)
;
SBCS < cmp cx, VC_F1 or (CS_CONTROL shl 8) >
DBCS < cmp cx, C_SYS_F1 >
je doLocalShortcuts ;branch if help
notHelp:
;
; See if there is currently a modal window up. If there is, we
; want to just do accelerators for that window and exit without
; trying application shortcuts. Otherwise, we'll do accelerators for
; the entire application and if we get no match, try application
; shortcuts.
;
mov ax, MSG_GEN_FIND_KBD_ACCELERATOR
mov bx, ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin.handle
tst bx ;is there a modal window?
jz findAccel ;nope, branch to do entire appl
if ALL_DIALOGS_ARE_MODAL
;
; Redwood, make sure we can access the express menu. We'll allow
; characters to be fupped. 8/30/93 cbh (Changed to not send
; to express menu if window is sys-modal. 9/ 2/93 cbh) (Changed
; yet again to only allow windows with a special hint on them,
; i.e., the New/Open Dialog box, to pass it through. 2/ 9/94 cbh)
;
push cx, dx, bp
push si
mov si, ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin.chunk
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS
pop si ;restore application handle
pushf
call OLReleaseAllStayUpModeMenus
popf
pop cx, dx, bp
jc done
push cx, dx, si, bp
mov di, ds:[si]
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset
movdw bxsi, ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin
if ERROR_CHECK
mov cx, segment OLWinClass
mov dx, offset OLWinClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS
ERROR_NC OL_ERROR ;whoops.
endif
mov ax, MSG_OL_WIN_ALLOWS_EXPRESS_MENU_SHORTCUTS_THROUGH
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS ;c=1 if allows shortcuts
pop cx, dx, si, bp
jc callField
jmp short done
else ; not ALL_DIALOGS_ARE_MODAL
push si ;save application handle
mov si, ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin.chunk
;need to check carry afterwards
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS ;send method to modal win
pop si ;restore application handle
jmp short bringUpMenus ;branch to bring up menus
endif ; ALL_DIALOGS_ARE_MODAL
findAccel:
push cx, dx, bp
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ;send to ourselves
pop cx, dx, bp
jnc doLocalShortcuts ;nothing found, move on
bringUpMenus:
;
; Call a utility routine to send a method to the Flow object that
; will force the dismissal of all menus in stay-up-mode.
;
call OLReleaseAllStayUpModeMenus
stc ;handled...
jmp short done
doLocalShortcuts:
;Don't handle state keys (shift, ctrl, etc).
;
test dl, mask CF_STATE_KEY or mask CF_TEMP_ACCENT
jnz afterLocalShortcuts
test dl, mask CF_FIRST_PRESS or mask CF_REPEAT_PRESS
jz afterLocalShortcuts ;skip if not press event...
push es
;set es:di = table of shortcuts
;and matching methods
mov di, cs
mov es, di
mov di, offset cs:OLAppKbdBindings
call ConvertKeyToMethod
pop es
jnc afterLocalShortcuts ;no match, branch
;found a shortcut: send method to self.
;
clr bp ;in case it is MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
stc ;say handled
jmp short done
afterLocalShortcuts:
endif ;----------------------------------------------------------------------
callField:
mov ax, MSG_META_FUP_KBD_CHAR
call GenCallParent ;send to field
done:
pop di
call ThreadReturnStackSpace
ret
OLApplicationFupKbdChar endm
if _KBD_NAVIGATION ;------------------------------------------------------
;Keyboard shortcut bindings for OLApplicationClass
OLAppKbdBindings label word
word length OLAShortcutList
if _ISUI ;------------------------------------------------------------
if DBCS_PCGEOS
OLAShortcutList KeyboardShortcut \
<0, 1, 0, 0, C_SYS_ESCAPE and mask KS_CHAR>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, C_SYS_TAB and mask KS_CHAR>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, C_SYS_F6 and mask KS_CHAR>, ;NEXT window
<0, 0, 0, 0, C_SYS_F3 and mask KS_CHAR>, ;Quit application
<0, 0, 0, 0, C_SYS_F1 and mask KS_CHAR> ;Help
else ; ISUI but not DBCS
OLAShortcutList KeyboardShortcut \
<0, 1, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_ESCAPE>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_TAB>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F6>, ;NEXT window
<0, 0, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F3>, ;Quit application
<0, 0, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F1> ;Help
endif
OLAMethodList label word
word MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
word MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
word MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
word MSG_OL_APPLICATION_QUIT
word MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BRING_UP_HELP
else ;not _ISUI ;------------------------------------
if DBCS_PCGEOS
OLAShortcutList KeyboardShortcut \
<0, 1, 0, 0, C_SYS_ESCAPE and mask KS_CHAR>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, C_SYS_F6 and mask KS_CHAR>, ;NEXT window
<0, 0, 0, 0, C_SYS_F3 and mask KS_CHAR>, ;Quit application
<0, 0, 0, 0, C_SYS_F1 and mask KS_CHAR> ;Help
else ; not DBCS_PCGEOS
OLAShortcutList KeyboardShortcut \
<0, 1, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_ESCAPE>, ;NEXT application
<0, 1, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F6>, ;NEXT window
<0, 0, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F3>, ;Quit application
<0, 0, 0, 0, 0xf, VC_F1> ;Help
endif ; DBCS
OLAMethodList label word
word MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
word MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
word MSG_OL_APPLICATION_QUIT
word MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BRING_UP_HELP
endif
ForceRef OLAMethodList
CheckHack <($-OLAMethodList) eq (size OLAShortcutList)>
endif ; KBD_NAVIGATION -----------------------------------------------------
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationNavigateToNextWindow
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: navigate to next window, ignored if modal window is up
CALLED BY: MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
bp = event to dispatch when app to navigate to is found
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 12/11/92 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLApplicationNavigateToNextWindow method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_WINDOW
;
; if we have a modal win up, ignore
;
tst ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin.handle
LONG jnz done
;
; get current focus window
;
push si ; save OLApp chunk handle
mov bx, ds:[di].VCNI_focusExcl.FTVMC_OD.handle
mov si, ds:[di].VCNI_focusExcl.FTVMC_OD.chunk
mov cx, segment OLDialogWinClass
mov dx, offset OLDialogWinClass
mov ax, MSG_VIS_VUP_FIND_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if found (^lcx:dx)
jc haveFocusWin
if (not _NO_WIN_ICONS)
mov cx, segment OLWinIconClass
mov dx, offset OLWinIconClass
mov ax, MSG_VIS_VUP_FIND_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if found (^lcx:dx)
jc haveFocusWin
endif
mov cx, segment OLBaseWinClass
mov dx, offset OLBaseWinClass
mov ax, MSG_VIS_VUP_FIND_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if found (^lcx:dx)
; else, ^lcx:dx = null
haveFocusWin:
pop si ; *ds:si = OLApp
;
; Go through app's GAGCNLT_WINDOWS list to find next window.
; there shouldn't be any modal windows on the list as they're
; removed from the list when they close. We have to manually
; ignore OLDisplayWins and pinned menus. We're just looking for
; OLBaseWin and OLDialogWin.
; ^lcx:dx = current focus window
; *ds:si = OLApp
;
mov ax, TEMP_META_GCN
call ObjVarFindData
jnc done ; if no lists, done
mov bp, si ; *ds:bp = OLApp
mov di, ds:[bx].TMGCND_listOfLists
mov bx, MANUFACTURER_ID_GEOWORKS
mov ax, GAGCNLT_WINDOWS
clc ; don't create list
call GCNListFindListInBlock ; *ds:si = list, if found
jnc done ; if no GAGCNLT_WINDOWS list, done
pushdw cxdx ; save current focus window
push bp ; save OLApp chunk
clr ax ; haven't found first eligible window
mov bx, SEGMENT_CS
mov di, offset OLANTNW_Callback
call ChunkArrayEnum ; stops after finding suitable window
pop di ; di = OLApp chunk
popdw bxsi ; ^lbx:si = current focus window
jc foundAWindow ; use found window
movdw cxdx, axbp ; ^lcx:dx = otherwise eligible window
jcxz done ; no otherwise eligible window found
foundAWindow:
;
; found "next window"
; ^lcx:dx = "next window"
; ^lbx:si = current focus window, if any
; *ds:di = OLApplication
;
push di ; save OLApp
pushdw bxsi ; save curent focus window
movdw bxsi, cxdx ; ^lbx:si = "next window"
;this is too much as it should already be above everything else we're
;interested in
mov ax, MSG_GEN_BRING_TO_TOP
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage
; mov ax, MSG_META_GRAB_FOCUS_EXCL
; mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
; call ObjMessage
; mov ax, MSG_META_GRAB_TARGET_EXCL
; mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
; call ObjMessage
;
; lower old focus window
;
popdw bxsi ; ^lbx:si = old focus window
mov cx, bx ; in case no old focus window
tst bx
jz donePop ; no old focus window
mov ax, MSG_VIS_QUERY_WINDOW
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; ^hcx = window
donePop:
pop bp ; *ds:bp = OLApplication
jcxz done ; no window, screw it
mov di, cx ; ^hdi = window
mov ax, mask WPF_PLACE_BEHIND
clr dx ; leave layerID
call WinChangePriority
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_LOWER_WINDOW_TO_BOTTOM
movdw cxdx, bxsi
mov si, bp ; *ds:si = OLApplication
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
done:
ret
OLApplicationNavigateToNextWindow endm
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLANTNW_Callback
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: callback routine to find next window
CALLED BY: INTERNAL
OLApplicationNavigateToNextWindow
PASS: *ds:si - GAGCNLT_WINDOWS list
ds:di - GCNListElement
^lcx:dx = current focus window to search for
null to return next available window
^lax:bp = first eligible window (0 if not found yet)
RETURN: carry clear to continue enumeration
^lax:bp = eligible window, if nothing else found
carry set to stop enumeration, when next window is found
^lcx:dx = next window
DESTROYED:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
Windows are moved to the front of the list when they are
raised to the top.
Look for first OLDialogWin or OLBaseWin after the focus
window.
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/IDEAS:
none
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 12/11/92 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLANTNW_Callback proc far
;
; check if this is eligible "next window"
;
pushdw axbp
pushdw cxdx
mov bx, ds:[di].GCNLE_item.handle
mov si, ds:[di].GCNLE_item.chunk
mov cx, segment OLDialogWinClass
mov dx, offset OLDialogWinClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if in-class
jc checkWin
if (not _NO_WIN_ICONS)
mov cx, segment OLWinIconClass
mov dx, offset OLWinIconClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if in-class
jc checkWin
endif
mov cx, segment OLBaseWinClass
mov dx, offset OLBaseWinClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage
jnc haveWindowStatus
checkWin:
mov ax, MSG_OL_WIN_CHECK_IF_POTENTIAL_NEXT_WINDOW
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if so
haveWindowStatus:
;
; carry set if window is eligible "next window"
; ^lbx:si = window
;
mov di, 0 ; assume ineligible window
jnc 10$
dec di ; indicate eligible window
10$:
popdw cxdx
popdw axbp
tst cx ; have we found current focus window?
jnz findFocus ; nope, check if this is it
;
; no current focus window or found focus window, return this if it
; is a potential "next window"
;
tst di
jz continueForNext ; not eligible, continue
;
; return this as "next window"
;
movdw cxdx, bxsi
stc
jmp short exit
findFocus:
cmp cx, bx
jne thisIsNotFocus ; this is not current focus window
cmp dx, si
je continueForNext ; found current focus window, now
; find next eligible window
thisIsNotFocus:
;
; haven't found current focus yet, if we have an eligible
; "next window", save it in case we wrap around the list
;
tst di
jz continueForFocus
movdw axbp, bxsi ; save eligible window
jmp short continueForFocus
continueForNext:
clr cx ; indicate we want the next eligible
; item
continueForFocus:
clc
exit:
ret
OLANTNW_Callback endp
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationNavigateToNextApp
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: navigate to next app in field
CALLED BY: MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
OLApplicationFupKbdChar (bp = 0)
OLApplicationTryNavigateToApp (bp <> 0)
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
^hbp = event to dispatch when app to navigate to is found,
if none, we'll create one
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 1/5/92 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if (not _ISUI) ;------------------------------------------------------
OLApplicationNavigateToNextApp method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
;
; create event to lower current app to bottom, if none yet
;
tst bp
jnz haveEvent
mov bx, ds:[LMBH_handle] ; ^lbx:si = send event to
; this object
mov ax, MSG_GEN_LOWER_TO_BOTTOM
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage ; ^hdi = event
mov bp, di ; ^hbp = event
haveEvent:
;
; ask field to handle this
;
push si
mov cx, ds:[LMBH_handle] ; ^lcx:dx = this app
mov dx, si ; (bp = passed event)
mov bx, segment OLFieldClass
mov si, offset OLFieldClass
mov ax, MSG_OL_FIELD_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage ; di = event
pop si
mov cx, di
mov ax, MSG_GEN_GUP_SEND_TO_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
ret
OLApplicationNavigateToNextApp endm
else ; ISUI ---------------------------------------------------------------
;
; ISUI just asks the field to bring to front the next window listed in the
; window list
;
OLApplicationNavigateToNextApp method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
; ask field to handle this
push si
mov bx, segment OLFieldClass
mov si, offset OLFieldClass
mov ax, MSG_OL_FIELD_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage ; di = event
pop si
mov cx, di
mov ax, MSG_GEN_GUP_SEND_TO_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
GOTO ObjCallInstanceNoLock
OLApplicationNavigateToNextApp endm
endif ;----------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationTryNavigateToApp
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: try navigating to this app, navigate to next if not possible
CALLED BY: MSG_OL_APP_TRY_NAVIGATE_TO_APP
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = MSG_OL_APP_TRY_NAVIGATE_TO_APP
bp = event to dispatch when app to navigate to is found
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 1/5/93 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if (not _ISUI) ;--------------------------------------------------------------
OLApplicationTryNavigateToApp method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_TRY_NAVIGATE_TO_APP
;
; if not focusable or interactable, navigate to next app
;
mov di, ds:[si]
add di, ds:[di].Gen_offset
test ds:[di].GAI_states, mask AS_FOCUSABLE
jz goToNext ; not focusable
test ds:[di].GAI_states, mask AS_NOT_USER_INTERACTABLE
jnz goToNext ; not interactable
;
; can navigate to this app, grab focus/target, etc.
;
push bp ; save passed event
mov ax, MSG_GEN_BRING_TO_TOP
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
pop bx ; restore passed event
;
; now, dispatch passed event (will be MSG_GEN_LOWER_TO_BOTTOM)
;
tst bx ; nothing to send out
jz exit
mov di, si ; *ds:di = OLApp
call ObjGetMessageInfo ; ax = msg, cx:si = dest
EC < cmp ax, MSG_GEN_LOWER_TO_BOTTOM >
EC < ERROR_NZ OL_ERROR >
cmp cx, ds:[LMBH_handle] ; is it for us?
jne sendItOn ; nope, send it out
cmp si, di
jne sendItOn ; nope, send it out
call ObjFreeMessage ; yes, it is for us, don't
jmp exit ; bother, as we just
; brought ourselves
; to top
sendItOn:
clr di
call MessageDispatch
exit:
ret
goToNext:
; pass bp = passed event
mov ax, MSG_OL_APP_NAVIGATE_TO_NEXT_APP
GOTO ObjCallInstanceNoLock
OLApplicationTryNavigateToApp endm
endif ;----------------------------------------------------------------------
KbdNavigation ends
StandardDialog segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationBuildStandardDialog --
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BUILD_STANDARD_DIALOG for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Build a standard dialog box, attach it to this application
object, & set it USABLE.
PASS:
*ds:si - instance data
ds:bx - instance data of object called (= *ds:si)
if class of method handler is in a master part
ds:di - data for master part of method handler
else
ds:di - instance data of object called (= *ds:si)
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - The method
dx - size StandardDialogParams
ss:bp - StandardDialogParams
RETURN:
^lcx:dx - summons (in a new block)
bp - CustomDialogType
DESTROYED:
bx, si, di, ds, es (method handler)
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 4/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationBuildStandardDialog method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BUILD_STANDARD_DIALOG
push di ; If detaching, too late -- can't
mov di, ds:[si] ; put up a dialog box. Return NULL
add di, ds:[di].Gen_offset
test ds:[di].GAI_states, mask AS_DETACHING
pop di
jz continue
clr cx ; Return NULL dialog box
clr dx
jmp done
continue:
; make a copy of our standard summons
mov bx, handle StandardDialogUI
clr ax ; have current geode own
clr cx ; have current thread run block
call ObjDuplicateResource ; bx = new block
; set the correct moniker for the glyph
push ds:[LMBH_handle], si
call ObjLockObjBlock
mov ds, ax
; If _MINIMAL_STANDARD_DIALOGS is true, then we do not have a glyph
; or any artwork, so skip all of this.
if not _MINIMAL_STANDARD_DIALOGS
mov ax, ss:[bp].SDP_customFlags
and ax, mask CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
mov cx, offset StdDialogQuestionMoniker
cmp ax, CDT_QUESTION shl offset CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
je 10$
mov cx, offset StdDialogWarningMoniker
cmp ax, CDT_WARNING shl offset CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
je 10$
mov cx, offset StdDialogNotificationMoniker
cmp ax, CDT_NOTIFICATION shl offset CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
je 10$
mov cx, offset StdDialogErrorMoniker
10$:
if MONIKER_LIST_NEEDED_FOR_STD_DIALOG_MONIKERS
; RELOCATE THE MONIKER FOR THE GLYPH (BY HAND)
;
; We have to do this, because the block we are relocating no longer
; belongs to motif, but to an application. If we try to relocate it, it
; will use the APPLICATIONs reloc table, which will result in badness.
; 10/93 - don't assume that we know how big the moniker list is,
; or what position each entry is, as this prevents us from
; crunching Motif.
push bx, cx
mov di, cx
mov di, ds:[di] ;DS:DI <- ptr to moniker list
ChunkSizePtr ds, di, cx
relocateLoop:
mov ax, ds:[di].VMLE_moniker.handle
andnf ax, not mask RID_SOURCE
mov bx, handle 0
call GeodeGetGeodeResourceHandle
mov ds:[di].VMLE_moniker.handle, bx
add di, size VisMonikerListEntry
sub cx, size VisMonikerListEntry
jnz relocateLoop
pop bx, cx
endif ;if MONIKER_LIST_NEEDED_FOR_STD_DIALOG_MONIKERS
mov si, offset StdDialogCuteGlyph
mov si, ds:[si]
add si, ds:[si].Gen_offset
mov ds:[si].GI_visMoniker, cx
endif ;not _MINIMAL_STANDARD_DIALOGS
; set correct response type
mov si, offset StandardDialogSummons
mov si, ds:[si]
add si, ds:[si].Gen_offset
mov ax, ss:[bp].SDP_customFlags
test ax, mask CDBF_SYSTEM_MODAL
jz notSysModal
ornf ds:[si].GII_attrs, mask GIA_SYS_MODAL
andnf ds:[si].GII_attrs, not mask GIA_MODAL
notSysModal:
;
; set correct GenInteractionType
; GIT_NOTIFICATION
; GIT_AFFIRMATION
; GIT_MULTIPLE_RESPONSE
;
; ax = CustomDialogBoxFlags
;
andnf ax, mask CDBF_INTERACTION_TYPE
mov cl, offset CDBF_INTERACTION_TYPE
shr ax, cl
mov ds:[si].GII_type, al
cmp al, GIT_MULTIPLE_RESPONSE
jne notMultipleResponse
; handle GIT_MULTIPLE_RESPONSE: create response triggers in the
; summons
call CreateMultipleResponseTriggers
notMultipleResponse:
; copy over correct string
les di, ss:[bp].SDP_customString
mov dx, di
if DBCS_PCGEOS
LocalStrSize includeNULL
else
clr ax ;find string length
mov cx, -1
; mov cx, 1000
repne scasb
; sub cx, 1000
; neg cx ;cx = length
not cx
endif
or cx, CCM_FPTR shl offset CCF_MODE
push bp
sub sp, size CopyChunkOutFrame
mov bp, sp
mov ss:[bp].CCOF_source.segment, es
mov ss:[bp].CCOF_source.offset, dx
mov ax, ds:[LMBH_handle]
mov ss:[bp].CCOF_dest.handle, ax
mov ss:[bp].CCOF_dest.chunk, offset StdDialogText
mov ss:[bp].CCOF_copyFlags, cx
mov dx, size CopyChunkOutFrame
push es
segmov es, ds ;so FIXUP_ES will not fail
call UserHaveProcessCopyChunkOver
pop es
add sp, size CopyChunkOutFrame
pop bp
; deal with parameters
mov al, C_CTRL_A
mov cx, ss:[bp].SDP_stringArg1.segment
mov dx, ss:[bp].SDP_stringArg1.offset
mov si, offset StdDialogText
call SubstituteStringArg
mov al, C_CTRL_B
mov cx, ss:[bp].SDP_stringArg2.segment
mov dx, ss:[bp].SDP_stringArg2.offset
call SubstituteStringArg
; create a help hint if needed
mov si, offset StandardDialogSummons
call CreateHelpHintIfNeeded
call MemUnlock
pop ax, si ;ax = handle
xchg ax, bx
call MemDerefDS
mov_tr bx, ax
; add the summons as our child
mov cx, bx
mov dx, offset StandardDialogSummons
; add the summons as the last child of the application. We cannot add
; it as the first child because the primary must be the first child.
mov di, 700
call ThreadBorrowStackSpace
push di
push bp
pushdw cxdx
mov bp, CCO_LAST
mov ax, MSG_GEN_ADD_CHILD
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
popdw bxsi ;bxsi = summons
; mark the summons as usable
mov ax, MSG_GEN_SET_USABLE
mov dl, VUM_MANUAL
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS
pop bp
pop di
call ThreadReturnStackSpace
mov bp, ss:[bp].SDP_customFlags
mov cx, bx ;Return new summons in cx:dx
mov dx, si
done:
ret
OLApplicationBuildStandardDialog endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: CreateHelpHintIfNeeded
DESCRIPTION: Create a ATTR_GEN_HELP_CONTEXT if one was specified in the
parameters
CALLED BY: INTERNAL
PASS:
*ds:si - GenInteraction to add the hint to
ss:bp - StandardDialogParams
RETURN:
none
DESTROYED:
ax, cx, dx, di
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 12/ 8/92 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
CreateHelpHintIfNeeded proc near uses bx
.enter
movdw bxdi, ss:[bp].SDP_helpContext
tst bx
jz done
push bx ;save virtual segment
call MemLockFixedOrMovable
if DBCS_PCGEOS
mov es, ax ;es:di <- context
call LocalStringSize
LocalNextChar escx ;cx <- +2 bytes for NULL
else
push di
mov es, ax ;es:di = context
mov cx, 0xffff
clr ax
repne scasb
pop di
not cx ;cx = length
EC < cmp cx, 30 >
EC < ERROR_A USER_STANDARD_DIALOG_HELP_CONTEXT_TOO_LONG >
endif
mov ax, ATTR_GEN_HELP_CONTEXT
call ObjVarAddData ;ds:bx = new data
push si, ds
segxchg ds, es
mov si, di ;ds:si = source
mov di, bx ;es:di = dest
rep movsb ;copy data
pop si, ds
pop bx
call MemUnlockFixedOrMovable
;
; If dialog is system modal, make sure the help controller knows this.
;
test ss:[bp].SDP_customFlags, mask CDBF_SYSTEM_MODAL
jz done
mov cx, 1 ; need 1 byte of data
mov ax, ATTR_GEN_HELP_TYPE
call ObjVarAddData
mov {byte}ds:[bx], HT_SYSTEM_MODAL_HELP
done:
.leave
ret
CreateHelpHintIfNeeded endp
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: CreateMultipleResponseTriggers
DESCRIPTION: Create response triggers for a GIT_MULTIPLE_RESPONSE
dialog.
CALLED BY: OLApplicationBuildStandardDialog
PASS: ss:bp - StandardDialogParams
bx - handle of new standard dialog block
ds - segment of new standard dialog block
RETURN: none
DESTROYED: ax, cx, dx, di, si, es
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
If the first trigger is an IC_YES trigger, and
CDBF_DESTRUCTIVE_ACTION is set, then add a HINT_DEFAULT_FOCUS
to the second trigger. What a nightmare!
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 12/91 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
CreateMultipleResponseTriggers proc near
push bx ; dialog handle
les di, ss:[bp].SDP_customTriggers
mov cx, es:[di].SDRTT_numTriggers ; cx = trigger count
jcxz afterResponseTriggers
add di, offset SDRTT_triggers ; es:di = first trigger
clr dx ; trigger number, 0-based
createResponseTrigger:
push cx ; save trigger counter
;
; copy trigger template into standard dialog
; es:di = response trigger entry
;
call CopyTriggerTemplate ; ^lbx:si = new trigger
; (or ComplexExpandingMoniker
; if no chunk specified)
;
; copy moniker from table into trigger
; ^lbx:si = new trigger
; es:di = response trigger entry
;
push di, dx
mov ax, es:[di].SDRTE_moniker.chunk ; ^ldi:ax = moniker
mov di, es:[di].SDRTE_moniker.handle
tst di ; if no moniker, leave blank
; (will use response value to
; determine moniker)
jz afterMoniker
mov cx, di ; ^lcx:dx = moniker
mov dx, ax
push bp
mov bp, VUM_MANUAL
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
mov ax, MSG_GEN_REPLACE_VIS_MONIKER_OPTR
call ObjMessage
pop bp
afterMoniker:
;
; set trigger's response value from table
; ^lbx:si = new trigger
; since we copied trigger into our block, we know that
; ^lbx:si = *ds:si, so *ds:si = new trigger
;
EC < cmp bx, ds:[LMBH_handle] >
EC < ERROR_NE OL_ERROR >
mov ax, ATTR_GEN_TRIGGER_INTERACTION_COMMAND
mov cx, size word ; size of extra data
call ObjVarAddData ; ds:bx = extra data space
pop di, dx ; es:di = trigger entry
mov ax, es:[di].SDRTE_responseValue
mov ds:[bx], ax ; store response value
;
; If the dialog is a "destructive" one, then we want to keep
; the focus from initially going to the first trigger, if that
; trigger was an IC_YES trigger. If the first trigger isn't
; IC_YES, then no need to do anything.
;
test ss:[bp].SDP_customFlags, mask CDBF_DESTRUCTIVE_ACTION
jz afterDestructive
cmp dx, 1 ; are we on the second trigger?
jne afterDestructive
; We're at the 2nd trigger. Was the previous trigger an
; IC_YES trigger?
cmp es:[di-size StandardDialogResponseTriggerEntry].SDRTE_responseValue, IC_YES
jne afterDestructive
mov ax, HINT_DEFAULT_FOCUS
clr cx
call ObjVarAddData
afterDestructive:
;
; add signalInteractionComplete as this is a UserDoDialog trigger and
; must complete the interaction
; *ds:si = new trigger
;
mov bx, ds:[si] ; deref.
add bx, ds:[bx].Gen_offset ; access generic stuff
ornf ds:[bx].GI_attrs, mask GA_SIGNAL_INTERACTION_COMPLETE
;
; loop back for next trigger, if any
;
add di, size StandardDialogResponseTriggerEntry ; next one, pls
pop cx ; restore trigger counter
inc dx
loop createResponseTrigger
afterResponseTriggers:
pop bx ; dialog handle
ret
CreateMultipleResponseTriggers endp
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: CopyTriggerTemplate
DESCRIPTION: Duplicate trigger template
CALLED BY: CreateMultipleResponseTriggers
PASS: ds - segment of new standard dialog block
RETURN: ^lbx:si - new trigger
DESTROYED: ax, cx
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 12/91 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
CopyTriggerTemplate proc near
uses di, es, bp, dx
.enter
mov cx, ds:[LMBH_handle] ; ^lcx:dx = dialog is parent
mov dx, offset StandardDialogSummons
mov bp, CCO_LAST ; add in order list in table
mov di, segment GenTriggerClass
mov es, di
mov di, offset GenTriggerClass
mov al, -1 ; pass flag -- init USABLE
clr ah ; pass flag -- full linkage
mov bx, HINT_SEEK_REPLY_BAR ; put this puppy in reply bar
call OpenCreateChildObject
mov bx, cx ; ^lbx:si = new trigger
mov si, dx
.leave
ret
CopyTriggerTemplate endp
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION: SubstituteStringArg
DESCRIPTION: Substitute a string for a character in a chunk
CALLED BY: INTERNAL
PASS:
*ds:si - chunk to substitute in
al - arg # to substitute for
cx:dx - string to substitute
RETURN:
none
DESTROYED:
ax, cx, dx, di
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 4/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
SubstituteStringArg proc near uses bx, si, es
if DBCS_PCGEOS
substString local fptr push cx, dx
target local lptr push si
else
substString local fptr
target local lptr
targetOffset local word
endif
.enter
if DBCS_PCGEOS
jcxz done ;branch if no substition string
clr ah ;ax <- character
clr bx
else
tst cx
jz done
mov substString.handle, cx
mov substString.chunk, dx
mov target, si
clr targetOffset
endif
outerLoop:
SBCS < mov bx, targetOffset >
mov si, target
mov di, ds:[si]
innerLoop:
SBCS < mov ah, ds:[di][bx] >
DBCS < mov dx, ds:[di][bx] >
SBCS < tst ah >
DBCS < tst dx >
jz done
SBCS < cmp al, ah >
DBCS < cmp ax, dx >
jz match
inc bx
DBCS < inc bx >
jmp innerLoop
match:
SBCS < mov targetOffset, bx >
; find the string length
push ax ;save the compare value in AL
les di, substString
mov si, di
if DBCS_PCGEOS
call LocalStringLength ;cx <- length of subst string
mov dx, cx ;dx <- length of subst string
dec cx ;cx <- -1 for replaced char
sal cx, 1 ;cx <- # bytes change
mov ax, ss:target ;ax <- chunk of target
js delete ;branch if removing bytes
else
mov cx, 1000
clr al
repne scasb
sub cx, 999-1 ;since we will replace a char
neg cx ;cx = # bytes
mov ax, target
cmp cx, 0 ;possible to substitute nothing
jl delete ;jump to remove bytes
endif
call LMemInsertAt
mov di, ax ;*ds:di = target
mov di, ds:[di]
SBCS < add di, targetOffset ;ds:di = dest >
DBCS < add di, bx ;ds:di = dest >
segxchg ds, es ;ds = source, es = dest
SBCS < inc cx >
SBCS < rep movsb >
DBCS < mov cx, dx ;cx <- # of chars >
DBCS < rep movsw >
segmov ds, es
pop ax ;restore compare value to AL
jmp outerLoop
delete:
neg cx ;make into a positive number
call LMemDeleteAt ;delete the byte(s)
pop ax ;restore compare value to AL
jmp outerLoop ;loop again
done:
.leave
ret
SubstituteStringArg endp
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationDoStandardDialog --
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_DIALOG and
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_TIMED_DIALOG for
OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Execute a standard dialog box.
PASS:
*ds:si - instance data
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - The method
For MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_DIALOG
dx - size StandardDialogParams
ss:bp - StandardDialogParams
For MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_TIMED_DIALOG
dx - size StandardTimedDialogParams
ss:bp - StandardTimedDialogParams
RETURN:
DESTROYED:
bx, si, di, ds, es (method handler)
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 5/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationDoStandardDialog method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_DIALOG,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_TIMED_DIALOG
.assert GADDP_dialog eq GADTDP_dialog
.assert GADDP_finishOD eq GADTDP_finishOD
.assert GADDP_message eq GADTDP_message
push ax ; save message
; allocate a chunk to describe this dialog
mov al, mask OCF_IGNORE_DIRTY
mov cx, size OLAStdDialog
call LMemAlloc
mov_tr bx, ax ; *ds:bx <- descriptor
mov di, ds:[bx]
; store OD and method
movdw ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_OD, ss:[bp].GADDP_finishOD, ax
mov ax, ss:[bp].GADDP_message
mov ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_message, ax
mov di, ss:[bp].GADTDP_timeout ; di = timeout, or garbage if
; dialog not timed
; build the dialog box
mov ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BUILD_STANDARD_DIALOG
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ;cx:dx = dialog
pop ax ; ax = GenApplicationMessages
;
; handle error from MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_BUILD_STANDARD_DIALOG
; - brianc 8/6/93
; send IC_NULL to response - brianc 8/10/93
;
tst cx
jnz haveDialog
mov di, ds:[bx] ; ds:di <- OLASD
movdw cxsi, ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_OD
mov ax, ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_message
xchg ax, bx ; ax <- data chunk, bx <- message
call LMemFree
mov_tr ax, bx ; ax <- message
mov bx, cx ; ^lbx:si <- response OD
mov cx, IC_NULL ; cx <- dialog response
mov di, mask MF_FORCE_QUEUE ; ensure we return before handling
call ObjMessage
stc ; indicate no dialog displayed
mov cx, 0
mov dx, 0
jmp done ; exit with error and cx:dx = NULL
haveDialog:
push bp ;bp = dialog flags
;
; Create the timer if it's a timed dialog.
;
cmp ax, MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_TIMED_DIALOG
mov ax, 0 ; assume no timer, ID = 0
jne afterTimer ; => not timed
push bx, cx, dx
mov al, TIMER_EVENT_ONE_SHOT
mov bx, ds:[OLMBH_header].LMBH_handle ; ^lbx:si = self
mov cx, di ; cx = timeout
mov dx, MSG_OL_APP_TIMED_DIALOG_TIMER_EXPIRED
call TimerStart ; bx = handle, ax = ID
mov bp, bx ; bp = handle
pop bx, cx, dx
afterTimer:
;
; Record the summons & link new chunk at the head of the list.
;
mov di, ds:[bx]
movdw ds:[di].OLASD_summons, cxdx
mov ds:[di].OLASD_timerHandle, bp
mov ds:[di].OLASD_timerId, ax
mov bp, ds:[si]
add bp, ds:[bp].OLApplication_offset
mov ax, ds:[bp].OLAI_stdDialogs
mov ds:[di].OLASD_next, ax
mov ds:[bp].OLAI_stdDialogs, bx
mov bp, bx ; save chunk handle in BP
; start the summons with our response action (not the callers!)
mov bx, cx
xchg dx, si ;bx:si = dialog
;dx = OLApp chunk
call ObjSwapLock ;*ds:si = dialog
;bx = OLApp block
push bx ;save it
mov ax, TEMP_GEN_INTERACTION_WITH_ACTION_RESPONSE
mov cx, size ActionDescriptor + size lptr ;extra data = AD + chunk
call ObjVarAddData ;ds:bx = extra data
pop ax ;ax = OLApp block
mov ds:[bx].AD_OD.handle, ax
mov ds:[bx].AD_OD.chunk, dx
mov ds:[bx].AD_message, MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE
mov {lptr}ds:[bx+size ActionDescriptor], bp
mov_tr bx, ax ;bx = OLApp block
call ObjSwapUnlock ;^lbx:si = dialog
;ds = OLApp segment
mov ax, MSG_GEN_INTERACTION_INITIATE
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS
;
; TEMP_GEN_INTERACTION_WITH_ACTION_RESPONSE is removed in
; MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE when we destroy duplicated
; dialog block
;
; MAKE APPROPRIATE SOUND.
pop ax ;dialog flags
and ax, mask CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
mov bx, SST_ERROR
cmp ax, CDT_ERROR shl offset CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
je haveSound
mov bx, SST_WARNING
cmp ax, CDT_WARNING shl offset CDBF_DIALOG_TYPE
jne 10$
haveSound:
mov_tr ax, bx
call UserStandardSound
10$:
clc ;return no error
done:
ret
OLApplicationDoStandardDialog endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationDoDialogResponse --
MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Finish a standard dialog box.
PASS:
*ds:si - instance data
es - segment of OLApplicationClass
ax - MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE
cx - response from dialog
dx - chunk handle of data describing the dialog
RETURN:
none
DESTROYED:
bx, si, di, ds, es (method handler)
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Tony 5/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationDoDialogResponse method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE
push cx ;save response value
; find data chunk in list and unlink it
; ds:di = pointer in prev to current
add di, offset OLAI_stdDialogs - offset OLASD_next
findDataLoop:
cmp ds:[di].OLASD_next, dx ; next is data chunk?
je foundIt ; yes
mov bx, ds:[di].OLASD_next ; *ds:bx <- next
EC < tst bx >
EC < ERROR_Z OL_STANDARD_DIALOG_DATA_CHUNK_NOT_FOUND >
mov di, ds:[bx]
jmp findDataLoop
foundIt:
mov bp, dx ; *ds:bp <- data chunk
mov bp, ds:[bp]
mov ax, ds:[bp].OLASD_next
mov ds:[di].OLASD_next, ax
; stop the time if it's a timed dialog, because we don't know at this
; point if it has expired yet.
mov ax, ds:[bp].OLASD_timerId
tst ax
jz afterTimer ; => no timer
mov bx, ds:[bp].OLASD_timerHandle
call TimerStop
afterTimer:
; remove dialog box
push si, dx
movdw cxdx, ds:[bp].OLASD_summons
pushdw cxdx ; save for setting not-usable
sub sp, size GCNListParams
mov bp, sp
mov ss:[bp].GCNLP_ID.GCNLT_manuf, MANUFACTURER_ID_GEOWORKS
mov ss:[bp].GCNLP_ID.GCNLT_type, GAGCNLT_WINDOWS
mov ss:[bp].GCNLP_optr.handle, cx
mov ss:[bp].GCNLP_optr.chunk, dx
mov ax, MSG_META_GCN_LIST_REMOVE
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
add sp, size GCNListParams
popdw bxsi ; ^lbx:si <- dialog
mov ax, MSG_GEN_SET_NOT_USABLE
mov dl, VUM_NOW
call ObjMessageCallFixupDS
movdw cxdx, bxsi ;cx:dx = dialog
pop si, bx ;*ds:si = app
;*ds:bx = OLASD
EC < mov di, ds:[si] >
EC < add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset >
EC < cmp ds:[di].VCNI_focusExcl.FTVMC_OD.handle, cx >
EC < ERROR_Z OL_ERROR_STANDARD_DIALOG_BLOCK_BEING_FREED_STILL_HAS_GRAB >
EC < cmp ds:[di].OLAI_modalWin.handle, cx >
EC < ERROR_Z OL_ERROR_STANDARD_DIALOG_BLOCK_BEING_FREED_STILL_HAS_GRAB >
clr bp
mov ax, MSG_GEN_REMOVE_CHILD
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
; free the dialog block
mov ax, MSG_META_BLOCK_FREE
call ObjMessageCallPreserveCXDXWithSelf
; send the response back to the sender of
; MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_DO_STANDARD_DIALOG after freeing the data chunk
mov di, ds:[bx] ; ds:di <- OLASD
movdw cxsi, ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_OD
mov ax, ds:[di].OLASD_response.AD_message
xchg ax, bx ; ax <- data chunk, bx <- message
call LMemFree
mov_tr ax, bx ; ax <- message
mov bx, cx ; ^lbx:si <- response OD
pop cx ; cx <- dialog response
mov di, mask MF_FIXUP_DS ; DO NOT CALL -- might be on different
; thread if started with MSG_GEN_APP_
; DO_STANDARD_DIALOG
GOTO ObjMessage
OLApplicationDoDialogResponse endm
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationTimedDialogTimerExpired
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: Timeout for a timed dialog has occurred.
CALLED BY: MSG_OL_APP_TIMED_DIALOG_TIMER_EXPIRED
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
bp = timer ID
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: ax, cx, dx, bp
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
ayuen 10/22/00 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLApplicationTimedDialogTimerExpired method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_TIMED_DIALOG_TIMER_EXPIRED
;
; Try to find OLAStdDialog chunk for this timer, to see if the user
; has responded to the dialog just before the timer expired.
;
add di, offset OLAI_stdDialogs - offset OLASD_next
findDataLoop:
mov bx, ds:[di].OLASD_next ; *ds:bx = OLAStdDialog
tst bx
jz done ; => not found, user already responded
mov di, ds:[bx] ; ds:di = OLAStdDialog
cmp ds:[di].OLASD_timerId, bp
jne findDataLoop ; =>dialog not timed or timer not match
;
; Chunk found. Respond to this dialog with IC_NULL.
;
mov ax, MSG_OL_APP_DO_DIALOG_RESPONSE
CheckHack <IC_NULL eq 0>
clr cx ; cx = IC_NULL
mov dx, bx ; dx = OLAStdDialog chunk handle
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
done:
ret
OLApplicationTimedDialogTimerExpired endm
StandardDialog ends
CommonFunctional segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationStartTimer --
MSG_OL_APP_START_TIMER for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Starts a timer up for an object that has the gadget exclusive.
The object must also have the active grab, and must handle
a MSG_GADGET_REPEAT_PRESS, sending it on to the application
object (this object).
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_OL_APP_START_TIMER
cx:dx - OD to send MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED
bp - number of ticks until expiration, or zero for
standard olGadgetRepeatDelay from the .ui file.
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 5/31/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationStartTimer method OLApplicationClass, MSG_OL_APP_START_TIMER
EC < xchg bx, cx ;make sure OD OK >
EC < xchg si, dx >
EC < call ECCheckOD >
EC < xchg bx, cx ;make sure OD OK >
EC < xchg si, dx >
tst bp ;see if standard time desired
jnz 10$ ;nope, branch
push ds
mov ax, segment idata ;get segment of core blk
mov ds, ax
mov bp, ds:[olGadgetRepeatDelay] ;use standard value
pop ds
10$:
mov di, ds:[si] ;point to instance
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset ;ds:[di] -- SpecInstance
EC < tst ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.chunk ;error if one already running >
EC < ERROR_NZ OL_TIMER_STARTED_WHILE_ONE_ALREADY_RUNNING >
mov ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.chunk,dx ;save OD
mov ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.handle,cx ;
mov cx, bp ;put delay in cx
mov bx, ds:[LMBH_handle]
mov dx, MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED
mov ax, TIMER_EVENT_ONE_SHOT
call TimerStart ;
; Commented out until we decide to send repeat events through the IM
; queue again.
; mov cx, bp ;put delay in cx
; mov bx, handle im ;pass handle of input manager
; push si
; clr si ;send to the process...
; mov dx, MSG_GADGET_REPEAT_PRESS
; mov ax, TIMER_EVENT_ONE_SHOT
; call TimerStart ;
; pop si
mov di, ds:[si] ;point to instance
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset ;ds:[di] -- SpecInstance
mov ds:[di].OLAI_timerID, ax ;save these
mov ds:[di].OLAI_timerHandle, bx
ret
OLApplicationStartTimer endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationStopTimer --
MSG_OL_APP_STOP_TIMER for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Stops a previously started timer, if any. An object that
starts a timer and loses the gadget exclusive MUST call this
routine.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_OL_APP_STOP_TIMER
^lcx:dx - OD handle
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 5/31/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationStopTimer method OLApplicationClass, MSG_OL_APP_STOP_TIMER
EC < xchg bx, cx ;make sure OD OK >
EC < xchg si, dx >
EC < call ECCheckOD >
EC < xchg bx, cx ;make sure OD OK >
EC < xchg si, dx >
mov di, ds:[si] ;point to instance
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset ;ds:[di] -- SpecInstance
;
; Added 10/29/90 cbh to fix a problem where the port window is blindly
; turning off timers that it didn't start. Really the port window
; should be fixed, but it'll have to wait until later.
;
cmp cx, ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.handle ;not the right timer, forget it
jnz exit ; (should eventually be a
cmp dx, ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.chunk ; a fatal error)
jnz exit
clr ax
xchg ax, ds:[di].OLAI_timerID ;turn off timer, if any
clr bx
xchg bx, ds:[di].OLAI_timerHandle
clr ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.handle ;clear old OD
clr ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.chunk ;clear old chunk
tst bx
jz exit
call TimerStop
exit:
ret
OLApplicationStopTimer endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationTimerExpired --
MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Sent by gadget when done (it gets it from the timer); we will
send it off to our timerOD and clear the timer instance data.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED
cx,dx - tick count
bp - ID of timer that expired
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 5/31/90 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
;Repeat press stuff commented out until we decide to send repeat events
;through the IM queue again.
;OLApplicationRepeatPress method OLApplicationClass, \
; MSG_GADGET_REPEAT_PRESS
OLApplicationTimerExpired method OLApplicationClass, MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED
mov di, ds:[si] ;point to instance
add di, ds:[di].Vis_offset ;ds:[di] -- SpecInstance
cmp ds:[di].OLAI_timerID, bp ;see if timer ID matches
jne exit ;no, it's an old timer, exit
clr si
xchg si, ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.chunk ;get chunk (and clear it)
clr bx
xchg bx, ds:[di].OLAI_timerOD.handle ;get handle
tst si
jz exit ;no OD anymore, exit
tst ds:[di].OLAI_timerHandle ;timer's been canceled, exit
jz exit
clr ds:[di].OLAI_timerHandle ;clear old timer info
clr ds:[di].OLAI_timerID ;
clr di ;no flags to ObjMessage
; mov ax, MSG_TIMER_EXPIRED
call ObjMessage ;send same method on to OD.
exit:
ret
OLApplicationTimerExpired endm
;OLApplicationRepeatPress endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationStartSelect --
MSG_META_START_SELECT for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Mouse button stuff.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_META_START_SELECT
cx, dx, bp - mouse data
RETURN: ax - mask MRF_PROCESSED
ax, cx, dx, bp - destroyed
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
chris 12/ 3/92 Initial Version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationStartSelect method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_META_START_SELECT,
MSG_META_START_MOVE_COPY
call NukeExpressMenu
mov di, offset OLApplicationClass
GOTO ObjCallSuperNoLock
OLApplicationStartSelect endm
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
ROUTINE: NukeExpressMenu
SYNOPSIS: Gets rid of any express menus in stay up mode.
CALLED BY: OLApplicationStartSelect, OLApplicationQueryIfPressIsInk
PASS: *ds:si -- object
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: nothing
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 12/ 3/92 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
NukeExpressMenu proc near
; At this point the express menu may be hanging around. Let's get
; rid of it if it's there. (Added cbh 11/ 3/92) (Moved here
; from OLWinStartSelect 12/ 3/92 cbh).
;
push ax, cx, dx, bp
push si
clrdw cxdx
mov ax, MSG_OL_FIELD_RELEASE_EXPRESS_MENU
mov bx, segment OLFieldClass ; for OLFieldClass
mov si, offset OLFieldClass
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage ; di = event
mov cx, di ; cx = event
mov ax, MSG_VIS_VUP_CALL_OBJECT_OF_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
pop si ; *ds:si = this object
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
pop ax, cx, dx, bp
ret
NukeExpressMenu endp
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationNotify
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: Notification that a GWNT_HARD_ICON_BAR_FUNCTION or
GWNT_STARTUP_INDEXED_APP has occurred - do a
NukeExpressMenu.
CALLED BY: MSG_META_NOTIFY, MSG_META_NOTIFY_WITH_DATA_BLOCK
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = MSG_META_NOTIFY, MSG_META_NOTIFY_WITH_DATA_BLOCK
cx = ManufacturerId
dx = NotificationType
bp = data
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 3/22/93 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLApplicationNotify method dynamic OLApplicationClass, MSG_META_NOTIFY,
MSG_META_NOTIFY_WITH_DATA_BLOCK
;
; make sure we've got what we're looking for
;
cmp cx, MANUFACTURER_ID_GEOWORKS
jne callSuper
cmp dx, GWNT_STARTUP_INDEXED_APP
je nukeExpress
cmp dx, GWNT_HARD_ICON_BAR_FUNCTION
jne callSuper
cmp bp, HIBF_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
je callSuper ; don't close E-menu if we're going to open it
nukeExpress:
call NukeExpressMenu
callSuper:
mov di, offset OLApplicationClass
GOTO ObjCallSuperNoLock
OLApplicationNotify endm
CommonFunctional ends
KbdNavigation segment resource
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationTestForCancelMnemonic --
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TEST_FOR_CANCEL_MNEMONIC for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Tests for cancel mnemonic for the specific UI.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TEST_FOR_CANCEL_MNEMONIC
cx = character value
dl = CharFlags
dh = ShiftState
bp low = ToggleState
bp high = scan code
RETURN: carry set if match found
cx, dx, bp - preserved
ax - destroyed
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
Chris 8/ 8/91 Initial version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
OLApplicationTestForCancelMnemonic method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TEST_FOR_CANCEL_MNEMONIC
;
; ignore modified ESC as they may be needed for shortcuts
;
test dh, mask SS_LSHIFT or mask SS_RSHIFT or \
mask SS_LCTRL or mask SS_RCTRL or \
mask SS_LALT or mask SS_RALT
jnz noMatch
SBCS < cmp cl, VC_ESCAPE ;If ESCAPE key pressed, >
DBCS < cmp cx, C_SYS_ESCAPE ;If ESCAPE key pressed, >
jne noMatch
stc
jmp short exit
noMatch:
clc
exit:
Destroy ax
ret
OLApplicationTestForCancelMnemonic endm
KbdNavigation ends
ActionObscure segment resource
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationToggleCurrentMenuBar
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: toggle current GenPrimary's menu bar, if togglable
CALLED BY: MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_CURRENT_MENU_BAR
PASS: *ds:si = class object
ds:di = class instance data
es = segment of class
ax = MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_CURRENT_MENU_BAR
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 11/25/92 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
OLApplicationToggleCurrentMenuBar method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_CURRENT_MENU_BAR
;
; get current GenPrimary
;
mov ax, MSG_META_GET_TARGET_EXCL
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ; ^lcx:dx = target
jnc done ; no target, give up
;
; check if a OLBaseWin (GenPrimary)
;
movdw bxsi, cxdx ; ^lbx:si = target
mov cx, segment OLBaseWinClass
mov dx, offset OLBaseWinClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage ; carry set if so
jnc done ; not a OLBaseWin, give up
;
; tell OLBaseWin (GenPrimary) to toggle menu bar
; ^lbx:si = OLBaseWin
;
mov ax, MSG_OL_BASE_WIN_TOGGLE_MENU_BAR
mov di, mask MF_CALL or mask MF_FIXUP_DS
call ObjMessage
done:
ret
OLApplicationToggleCurrentMenuBar endm
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationToggleExpressMenu
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: toggle parent field's express menu.
CALLED BY: MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
PASS: *ds:si = class object
ds:di = class instance data
es = segment of class
ax = MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
RETURN: nothing
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
ax, cx, dx, bp
bx, si, di, ds, es
SIDE EFFECTS:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
brianc 11/30/92 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if _EXPRESS_MENU
OLApplicationToggleExpressMenu method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_APPLICATION_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
;
; Make sure we actually are on a GenFieldClass object
;
mov cx, segment OLFieldClass
mov dx, offset OLFieldClass
mov ax, MSG_META_IS_OBJECT_IN_CLASS
call GenCallParent
jnc noParentField ;if not, use default field
;
; else, tell it to toggle express menu
;
mov ax, MSG_OL_FIELD_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
call GenCallParent
ret
noParentField:
;
; use default field, so UIApp can bring up Express menu
;
mov ax, MSG_GEN_SYSTEM_GET_DEFAULT_FIELD
call UserCallSystem ; ^lcx:dx = current field
movdw bxsi, cxdx ; ^lbx:si = current field
mov ax, MSG_OL_FIELD_TOGGLE_EXPRESS_MENU
clr di
GOTO ObjMessage
OLApplicationToggleExpressMenu endm
endif
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationQuerySaveDocuments --
MSG_META_QUERY_SAVE_DOCUMENTS for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Save documents on an app switch.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_META_QUERY_SAVE_DOCUMENTS
cx - event
RETURN: nothing
ax, cx, dx, bp - destroyed
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
chris 7/26/93 Initial Version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
if VOLATILE_SYSTEM_STATE
OLApplicationQuerySaveDocuments method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_QUERY_SAVE_DOCUMENTS
push ax, cx
mov ax, MSG_META_GET_MODEL_EXCL
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock ;in ^lcx:dx, no doubt
movdw bxsi, cxdx ;send on to document control
pop ax, cx
tst si ;no model, we'll give up and
jz returnQuery ; allow app switching.
clr di ;else send on to model
GOTO ObjMessage
returnQuery:
mov bx, cx
mov di, mask MF_FORCE_QUEUE
call MessageDispatch
ret
OLApplicationQuerySaveDocuments endm
endif
COMMENT @----------------------------------------------------------------------
METHOD: OLApplicationGainedFullScreenExcl --
MSG_META_GAINED_FULL_SCREEN_EXCL for OLApplicationClass
DESCRIPTION: Hack to force the model to match the target when the application
comes to the front. Currently the document control stuff
is forced to muck with the model exclusive when saving documents
prior to switching apps, so that the model document is not on
top.
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_META_GAINED_FULL_SCREEN_EXCL
RETURN:
ax, cx, dx, bp - destroyed
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/CAVEATS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
chris 8/30/93 Initial Version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------@
if VOLATILE_SYSTEM_STATE
OLApplicationGainedFullScreenExcl method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_GAINED_FULL_SCREEN_EXCL
;
; Make the target document grab the model exclusive again. 8/30/93 cbh
;
push si
mov si, offset GenDocumentClass ;class of destination
mov bx, segment GenDocumentClass
mov ax, MSG_META_GRAB_MODEL_EXCL
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage
mov cx, di ;event
pop si
mov ax, MSG_META_SEND_CLASSED_EVENT
mov dx, TO_APP_TARGET
GOTO ObjCallInstanceNoLock
OLApplicationGainedFullScreenExcl endm
endif ; VOLATILE_SYSTEM_STATE
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLApplicationAppShutdown --
MSG_META_APP_SHUTDOWN for OLApplicationClass
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
DESCRIPTION: We're shutting down the app. Subclassed here so the
app can re-enable the express menu, if it's disabled,
to cover up problems with switching apps quickly in
Redwood.
Menu disabling happens in the express menu code -- see
cwinField.asm
PASS: *ds:si - instance data
es - segment of MetaClass
ax - MSG_META_APP_SHUTDOWN
RETURN:
ax, cx, dx, bp - destroyed
ALLOWED TO DESTROY:
bx, si, di, ds, es
REGISTER/STACK USAGE:
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
KNOWN BUGS/SIDE EFFECTS/IDEAS:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
chris 5/ 8/94 Initial Version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if LIMITED_HEAPSPACE
OLApplicationAppShutdown method dynamic OLApplicationClass, \
MSG_META_APP_SHUTDOWN
.enter
mov ax, MSG_GEN_FIELD_ENABLE_EXPRESS_MENU
call GenCallParent
.leave
ret
OLApplicationAppShutdown endm
endif
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLAppRotateDisplay
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: Rotate ourselves.
CALLED BY: MSG_GEN_ROTATE_DISPLAY
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
ds:di = OLApplicationClass instance data
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: nothing
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
stevey 2/ 8/96 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if RECTANGULAR_ROTATION
OLAppRotateDisplay method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_GEN_ROTATE_DISPLAY
uses ax, cx, dx, bp
.enter
;
; Resize ourselves.
;
mov ax, MSG_VIS_GET_BOUNDS
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
xchg cx, dx
mov ax, MSG_VIS_SET_SIZE
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
;
; Tell our primary windows to resize.
;
mov ax, MSG_GEN_ROTATE_DISPLAY
call VisSendToChildren
.leave
ret
OLAppRotateDisplay endm
endif ; RECTANGULAR_ROTATION
COMMENT @%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
OLAppUpdateWindowsForTaskBar
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SYNOPSIS: Update windows to account for change in taskbar position
CALLED BY: MSG_OL_APP_UPDATE_WINDOWS_FOR_TASK_BAR
PASS: *ds:si = OLApplicationClass object
es = segment of OLApplicationClass
ax = message #
RETURN: nothing
DESTROYED: nothing
SIDE EFFECTS: ax, cx, dx, bp
PSEUDO CODE/STRATEGY:
REVISION HISTORY:
Name Date Description
---- ---- -----------
joon 7/8/98 Initial version
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%@
if TOOL_AREA_IS_TASK_BAR
OLAppUpdateWindowsForTaskBar method dynamic OLApplicationClass,
MSG_OL_APP_UPDATE_WINDOWS_FOR_TASK_BAR
; close menus
call OLReleaseAllStayUpModeMenus
push si
mov bx, segment OLWinClass
mov si, offset OLWinClass
mov ax, MSG_OL_WIN_UPDATE_POSITION_FOR_TASK_BAR
mov cx, FALSE
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage
pop si
mov ax, MSG_VIS_SEND_TO_CHILDREN
mov cx, di
call ObjCallInstanceNoLock
; now do something for windows that have been minimized
push si
mov bx, segment OLWinClass
mov si, offset OLWinClass
mov ax, MSG_OL_WIN_UPDATE_POSITION_FOR_TASK_BAR
mov cx, TRUE
mov di, mask MF_RECORD
call ObjMessage
pop si
mov ax, MSG_GEN_SEND_TO_CHILDREN
mov cx, di
GOTO ObjCallInstanceNoLock
OLAppUpdateWindowsForTaskBar endm
endif ; TOOL_AREA_IS_TASK_BAR
ActionObscure ends
|
Israeli forces open fire on Nakba protests
NABLUS (AFP) 16 May — Israeli soldiers fired tear gas, rubber and live bullets at Palestinians in the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip on Friday, wounding at least 21 people, medics and security sources said. Clashes took place near Ramallah and farther north in Nablus, after a new Israeli cabinet took office and as Palestinians marked 67 years since the Nakba, or “catastrophe,” that befell them when Israel was established in 1948. At a demonstration outside Ofer military prison near the West Bank administrative center of Ramallah, dozens of protesters stoned soldiers who responded with tear gas and rubber bullets, an AFP correspondent said. Medics said seven Palestinians were wounded. In separate clashes in the northern West Bank city of Nablus, rubber bullets and live fire by soldiers wounded at least 10 Palestinians, security sources and witnesses said. The Israeli army confirmed the clashes, but denied that live rounds were fired. More than 1,000 settlers from nearby Jewish settlements were bused into the city to visit Joseph’s Tomb early in the day, and soldiers blocked off roads leading to the pilgrimage site, Palestinian witnesses and security sources said. Palestinians protested, some throwing stones, before clashes with the army erupted …
In Gaza, which is still recovering nine months after last summer’s devastating war between Israel and de facto rulers Hamas, Israeli troops on the border fired live rounds at Nakba Day protesters, wounding four, the enclave’s interior ministry medical spokesperson said. Three demonstrators were hit at a demonstration staged by dozens of people near the border fence east of Gaza City, and a fourth was shot at a similar protest near Khan Younis in the south, Ashraf al-Qudra said. The Israeli army said it had fired at the “lower extremities” of five people who approached the border fence, after warning them not to come any closer. Under Israel’s blockade of the coastal territory, Gaza residents are not allowed within 100 meters (yards) of the border fence on foot, or 300 meters in a vehicle. Israeli soldiers often fire at Palestinians who come closer. The protests were significantly smaller than the main demonstration in Gaza City, which was attended by 2,000 people, an AFP correspondent said.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765441
Hundreds of unarmed demonstrators confront live fire at Kafr Qaddum on Nakba Day
[with photos] KAFR QADDUM, Occupied Palestine (ISM, Huwarra Team) 15 May — Today (Friday, 15th of May), during the Nakba day demonstration in Kafr Qaddum, four young men were shot with live ammunition in their legs. One of the men got a serious bone fracture. Apart from the live ammunition being shot from all directions, Israeli forces fired several rounds of rubber coated steel bullets, tear gas and stun grenades. Throughout the protest, the Israeli military forces used a skunk truck to force the demonstrators back from reaching the closed road; closed since 2002 due to the building of the settlement Kedumim. ISMers in the demonstration saw houses and gardens being sprayed, and a boy as young as four crying, covered in the noxious chemical skunk ‘water’. Before the prayer had started, which end usually marks the beginning of the demonstration, soldiers attacked the gathered crowd with the chemical-laced water from the skunk truck. About 200 protesters marched up towards the closed road and were chanting words of freedom. 67 years later, the Nakba is still going on.
http://palsolidarity.org/2015/05/hundreds-of-unarmed-demonstrators-confront-live-fire-at-kafr-qaddum-on-nakba-day/
Israeli forces suppress Bil‘in weekly march on Nakba Day
RAMALLAH (Ma‘an) 16 May — Dozens of activists suffered from excessive tear gas inhalation as Israeli forces violently dispersed participants in the Bil‘in weekly march, as at least 21 people were injured across the West Bank and Gaza Strip Friday. Palestinian, Israeli, and international activists participated in the march which started from the center of the village, raising Palestinian flags and signs marking the anniversary of the Nakba. Palestinians across the world commemorate the Nakba every year on May 15, this year marking 67 years since an estimated 760,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from their homes in during the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. Last year Israeli forces shot and killed two unarmed Palestinian teenagers during a rally marking the 66th anniversary of the Nakba outside of the Ofer detention center near Ramallah.
For Palestinians living within Israel, commemoration of the Nakba also comes at a price. The 2011 “Nakba Law,” Amendment No. 40 to the Israeli Budgets Foundations Law, authorizes the Finance Minister to reduce state funding to an institution if it holds an activity commemorating “Israel’s Independence Day or the day on which the state was established as a day of mourning,” according to Israeli legal center Adalah. The center argues the law “causes major harm to the principle of equality and the rights of Arab citizens to preserve their history and culture. The law deprives Arab citizens of their right to commemorate the Nabka, an integral part of their history.”
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765442
Violence / Raids / Clashes / Suppression of protests / Arrests
Israeli forces shoot 3 children, detain 6 near Ramallah
RAMALLAH (Ma‘an) 14 May — Israeli forces injured three Palestinian children with live fire during severe clashes that erupted between soldiers and school students in the Jabal al-Tawil neighborhood of al-Bireh in the occupied West Bank Thursday, witnesses said. The injured children were taken to a hospital for treatment, while Israeli forces detained six Palestinian children, all under 10 years of age, and took them to the nearby Psagot settlement, locals told Ma‘an. Israeli forces had reportedly set up an ambush for the students prior to the clashes, locals added … Palestinian children routinely come under live fire and excessive force from Israeli forces, according to children’s rights group Defense for Children International- Palestine.Israeli forces shot and injured at least 30 children across the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem since the beginning of this year as of March 24, 2015, DCIP reported. While Israeli military regulation permits the use of live ammunition when a direct mortal threat exists, the DCIP found no evidence that any of the children injured in 2015 thus far posed such a threat to Israeli forces or settlers.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765415
Palestinian youth injured during clashes in Bethlehem
BETHLEHEM (Ma‘an) 14 May — A Palestinian youth was injured with a rubber-coated steel bullet during clashes with Israeli soldiers at the northern entrance of Bethlehem on Thursday. Medical sources said that a youth was injured in the leg by Israeli soldiers before he was detained and taken to an unidentified location during clashes in the Rachel Tomb’s area in Bethlehem. Violent clashes erupted between youths and Israeli soldiers near the northern entrance of Bethlehem as youths threw rocks and Molotov cocktails at an Israeli military tower. Israeli soldiers responded with live fire, rubber-coated steel bullets and tear gas … The incident came ahead of Nakba Day, when Palestinians commemorate the exodus of hundreds of thousands of people who fled or were expelled from their homes during Israel’s creation.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765418
Dozens injured in Silwad and Beitunia, near Ramallah
IMEMC/Agencies 16 May — Israeli soldiers invaded, on Friday afternoon, Silwad and Betunia towns, near the central West Bank city of Ramallah, and attacked dozens of Palestinians marking the Nakba Day. The Palestine TV has reported that several military vehicles invaded the southern area of Silwad town, and clashed with dozens of local youths. The soldiers fired dozens of gas bombs, concussion grenades, rubber-coated metal bullets, and several rounds of live ammunition. Medical sources said ten Palestinians suffered the effects of tear gas inhalation, and received treatment by local medics. During the clashes, a number of youths hurled Molotov cocktails on the invading soldiers, while the army also fired the “Tutu” live ammunition on the protestors. The Tutu live rounds cause larger bodily harm, and were outlawed by an Israeli court in 2001, but the army continues to use them. Israeli sources said a number of soldiers were mildly injured during the clashes with local youths in the town, while a few soldiers received treatment for the effects of tear gas inhalation, after the protesters managed to throw back some of the gas bombs fired at them.
In addition, clashes took place in Betunia nearby town, after the soldiers invaded it, and attacked local protesters marking the Nakba, and marking the first anniversary of the deaths of Nadim Nuwwara and Mohammad Abu Thaher, who were killed by Israeli army fire on May 15 2014. The soldiers fired dozens of gas bombs, in addition to rubber-coated metal bullets and live rounds, while local youths hurled stones and empty bottles on the soldiers; several Palestinians suffered the effects of tear gas inhalation.
http://www.imemc.org/article/71607
Israeli forces chase 5-year-old with skunk water
QALQILIYA (Ma‘an) 16 May — Amateur photographer Ahmad Nazzal captured Israeli forces spraying “Skunk” water at a Palestinian child during the Kafr Qaddum weekly march in the occupied West Bank on Friday. Five-year-old Muhammad Riyad appears standing in front of Israeli forces wearing a Palestinian keffiyeh before the forces began chasing him with Skunk water, the boy eventually falling to the ground. The foul-smelling liquid has been used by the Israeli military as a form of non-lethal crowd control since at least 2008 and can leave individuals and homes smelling like feces and garbage for weeks. Skunk water was developed by Israeli company Odortec Ltd. in conjunction with the Israel Police and is generally sprayed from specially designed trucks up to a range of 30-40 meters, according to Israeli human rights organization B’Tselem. An Israeli army spokesperson has reported that Skunk contains “organic material and has been approved for use by the Israeli Ministry of the Environment and the Chief IDF Medical Officer,” however exact contents of the rancid liquid have been contested, B’Tselem says. The rights group documented regular use of Skunk water by Israeli forces, and has accused the forces of using the substance as collective punishment, citing instances of Israeli security forces driving Skunk trucks down the streets of villages known for active demonstrations while spraying the substance into residents’ homes.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765453
VIDEO: Security camera captures Gush Etzion vehicular attack
Ynet 15 May by Itay Blumenthal, Yoav Zitun — Security footage [10 seconds] from the scene of the vehicular attack outside Alon Shvut on Thursday, which left four people wounded, shows the terrorist driving his car at high speed and ramming into two of the victims. After hitting the pedestrians who were waiting at a bus stop outside the Gush Etzion settlement, the car is seen speeding away … The IDF set up roadblocks and searched for the perpetrators in the Halhul area and in villages north of Hebron. Kfir Brigade troops arrested the suspected driver minutes after the attack. The Shin Bet said Thursday evening it arrested the suspected driver, 22-year-old Muhammad al-Rafahiya from Hebron, who was released a year ago from Israeli prison after serving time for offenses of rock-throwing and carrying of cold weapons.In his initial interrogation, al-Rafahiya admitted to committing the attack and said he was operating to hurt Israelis out of nationalistic motives. The Shin Bet said they were looking into the possibility that “incitement online and on Facebook cause him to commit the attack, similar to previous lone attackers.” At around 1:15 pm, a black vehicle drove at high speed heading east on a road outside Alon Shvut and then veered sideways onto a hitchhiking station, hitting a group of people waiting for the bus.
http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4657675,00.html
Israeli settlers throw stones at Palestinian vehicles near Nablus
NABLUS (Ma‘an) 14 May — Israeli settlers on Thursday pelted Palestinian cars with stones on a main road near the illegal Yitzhar settlement in Nablus, a Palestinian official said. Ghassan Daghlas, who monitors settlement activity in the northern West Bank, told Ma‘an that dozens of settlers threw stones at vehicles, while others set fire to land in the village of Burin south of Nablus. Israeli forces closed the Huwwara checkpoint both ways following the incidents. In 2014, there were 324 incidents of settler violence against Palestinians in the occupied West Bank, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765416
UPDATE: Israel detains 14 Palestinians in West Bank, youth in Jerusalem
RAMALLAH (WAFA) 14 May – Israeli forces detained overnight [Wed-Thu] 14 Palestinians, including four between the ages of 16 and 19, from various West Bank districts, in addition to a youth in Jerusalem, said Palestine Prisoner’s Club (PPC). PPC said that Israeli forces raided Nablus city, where they proceeded to detain three Palestinians after breaking into and ransacking their homes. The detainees were identified as Jehad ‘Akkah, Ahmad al-Faqih and Naser al-Khatib. Forces also stormed the Tubas village of Wadi al-Far‘ah and detained three Palestinians after breaking into their homes. They were identified as Bashar Barahma, Fares Salahat and Muhammad Janajra. Meanwhile in Bethlehem district, forces stormed al-Khader town to the south of the city, where they detained two Palestinians identified as Tareq Jahalin, 19, and Zeyad ‘Issa, 16. Forces also arrested 16-year-old Khalil Salah after appearing at the Israeli intelligence in Gush Etzion settlement bloc. Forces further summoned Fadi Adawin, 32, from al-‘Izza refugee camp to the south of Bethlehem to appear for interrogation before the Israeli intelligence at Gush Etzion settlement bloc. In the meantime in Hebron district, forces detained two Palestinians, including one from Deir Samet town. One of the two detainees was identified as Muhammad Abu Hamad, 18. In Ramallah district, forces raided Beitello village, where they detained three Palestinians after storming their homes. The detainees were identified as Wasfi Bazzar, Basil Darwish, and Mahdi Rayyan. Meanwhile, Israeli police arrested a Palestinian youth near one of al-Aqsa mosque’s gates. He was led to a police station in Jerusalem.
http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=28501
Israel detains 52 Palestinian workers overnight
BETHLEHEM (Ma‘an) 15 May — Israeli forces detained 52 Palestinian workers overnight Friday near the Modin settlement west of Ramallah as they were heading to work in Israel without permits. Israeli media reported that an Israeli police unit and border guards searched a commercial vehicle normally used for carrying goods on its way to central Israel from Latrun road after the deemed it suspicious. The police found and arrested 26 Palestinian workers without working permits hiding inside of the vehicle after a spare tire fell from the vehicle, forcing the driver to pull over. Later, another vehicle of the same type came under suspicion, and Israeli police found another 26 workers; the driver fled the scene when the police stopped the car. According to Israeli human rights group B’Tselem, tens of thousands of Palestinian workers are forced to seek a living by working in Israel as the growth of an independent Palestinian economy has been stifled in the West Bank under the ongoing Israeli military occupation.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765432
Gaza
Gaza officials: 70 hurt as Israel ordnance explodes
GAZA CITY (Ma‘an) 14 May — Dozens of Palestinians were injured in a large explosion in the northern Gaza Strip on Thursday, witnesses and medics said. Medical sources said at least 70 Palestinians were injured. Fifteen of those were taken to al-Shifa hospital for treatment as a result of the explosion. The Palestinian ministry of interior said the explosion happened during the dismantling of an unexploded F16 rocket left by the Israeli army. Ambulances rushed toward the scene of the blast in the al-Atatra neighborhood of Gaza City, with black smoke plumes visible from a distance. Locals reported that the blast caused an electricity blackout in the area.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765419
Mainstream media version:
50 hurt in blast at Gaza terror training camp
AFP 14 May — At least 50 Palestinians were wounded in a blast that occurred Thursday inside a terror training camp in Gaza, Hamas officials, medics and witnesses said. “An explosion happened inside a post of the resistance in Beit Lahiya,” said interior ministry spokesman Iyad al-Bozum, in reference to the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the military wing of Hamas. The Health Ministry spokesman in Gaza, Ashraf al-Qudra, said the blast wounded 50 people, five of them in a serious condition, and including children. Witnesses said the blast took place inside a training camp of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades in the northern Gaza Strip, where Hamas is the de facto power. A doctor in the coastal enclave, Baker Abu Safia of Al-Awda Hospital, said 30 wounded people were brought to his establishment, most of them women and children. He said the hospital “declared a state of emergency” after the explosion took place. Islamist terror group Hamas, which rules Gaza, is committed to the destruction of Israel.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/50-hurt-in-blast-at-gaza-terror-training-camp/
3 Palestinians in Gaza shot, injured in Nakba Day protest
GAZA CITY (Ma‘an) 15 May — Three Palestinians were injured by live fire during a Nakba Day demonstration in the Gaza Strip on Friday, witnesses said. Locals told Ma’an that Israeli soldiers opened fire on peaceful demonstrators east of Gaza City, hitting three men in the legs. Dozens of Palestinians were taking part in the march to commemorate the 67th anniversary of the mass displacement of Palestinians during Israel’s creation.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765431
Soldiers open fire on farmers and fishers in Gaza
IMEMC/Agencies 16 May — Israeli soldiers opened fire, on Saturday morning, on Palestinian farmers in their own lands, east of the al-Maghazi refugee camp, in central Gaza, while navy ships opened fire on fishing boats in southern Gaza. Media sources said several soldiers and armored military vehicles advanced close to the border fence, and fired rounds of live ammunition on the farmers, and on a number of Palestinian shepherds. The attack did not lead to casualties, but the residents had to leave the area fearing addition Israeli fire, and escalation.
In addition, Israeli navy ships fired dozens of live rounds targeting a number of Palestinian fishing boats in Gaza waters, close to the Khan Younis shore, in the southern part of the coastal region. The attack caused property damage but no injuries; the fishers sailed back to shore to avoid further navy fire.
http://www.imemc.org/article/71608
Gaza-bound Freedom Flotilla III banned by Israel
World Bulletin 14 May — Israel will not allow unauthorized boats to enter its territorial waters, a Foreign Ministry spokesman said Monday as a trawler left Sweden Sunday intending to break the legal naval blockade of Gaza, the Jerusalem Post reported. A Swedish boat, named Marianne of Gothenburg, announced it set off from Sweden, to take part in the flotilla, several days ago. The boat is named after Marianne Skoog, a veteran member of the Swedish Palestine Solidarity movement, who died in May 2014. Foreign Ministry spokesman Emmanuel Nachshon described the action as “unnecessary provocation”. He added: “If the so-called helpful Gaza flotillas were really interested in the welfare of the population in Gaza, they would send their aid via Israel.” … The Ship to Gaza organization is calling for an immediate end to the naval blockade of Gaza; opening of the Gaza Port; and secure passage for Palestinians between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In 2010, Israeli commandos attacked the Freedom Flotilla II when it entered Gaza’s territorial waters, killing ten people on board.
http://www.worldbulletin.net/news/159171/gaza-bound-freedom-flotilla-iii-banned-by-israel
Gaza: The Nakba in the eyes of the old and young
Middle East Monitor 14 May — EXCLUSIVE IMAGES Palestinians in Gaza remember the Nakba Images from our photographer in the Gaza Strip, Mohammed Asad.
https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/18658-gaza-the-nakba-in-the-eyes-of-the-old-and-young
[with VIDEO] Even in Gaza, you can’t have a film festival without a red carpet
+972 Blog 14 May by Avi Blecherman — The human rights film festival sends a message that Gaza is not just a strip of flattened homes, poverty and militants, as the media tends to portray it, says one of the organizers. ‘The people of Gaza are human beings, who love life, who seek peace, and who want to go to the movies, to live normal lives.’ — While Israeli entertainment reporters have been busy covering the DocAviv documentary film festival in Tel Aviv in recent days, nearby, another rather exceptional film festival came to a close Thursday evening in the Shujaiyeh neighborhood of Gaza City — a festival dedicated entirely to films about human rights … I spoke with festival organizer Saud Aburamadan, a veteran journalist and resident of Gaza on Thursday … The image of the red carpet with destroyed homes on both sides is spine-tingling. Who walked down it? Well, you can’t have a film festival without a red carpet. We took that symbol and made it work for the our reality here in Gaza. For us, red is first and foremost the the color of so much blood that was spilled here this summer. The blood of women, men and children. There was a family in Shujaiyeh, the al-Hilu family, which lost 11 people in a bombing, most of them women and children. Usually the people walking down the red carpet at a film festival are VIPs. Here, we laid down the 70-meter red carpet on one of the main roads that leads to where we screened the films, a road that has nothing but destroyed homes. We invited all of the residents to walk down the red carpet to the premiere. It was our way of saying that each and every one of them is important.
http://972mag.com/even-in-gaza-you-cant-have-a-film-festival-without-a-red-carpet/106723/
Gazans scavenge for food, recyclables
GAZA CITY (Al-Monitor) 13 May by Rasha Abou Jalal — In light of the dire economic conditions generated by the Israeli siege, Gazans search for food to eat and recyclables to sell — At sunrise, Wael Naim starts his arduous task of sifting through piles of waste in Gaza City, looking for anything that can be recycled. His efforts are a major source of support for his five-member family. Naim, 14, who is the oldest child in his family, told Al-Monitor, “My father used to work in contracting, but he stopped working more than half a year ago due to the recent Israeli war on Gaza, which destroyed the concrete factory that he used to work in. Israel also restricted the entry of cement into Gaza. So now I have a responsibility and look for [ways to make a living].” He said that he searches the piles of garbage for anything that he can sell, such as plastic, copper and iron, to factories and blacksmiths that recycle them into products such as water drums, as well as nuts and bolts made of copper and iron, which are used as machine spare parts. “I stop work at sunset and make about 20 Israeli shekels (about $5) a day, which I give in full to my father. He buys cheap bread and food for my family, as this amount doesn’t even buy half a kilogram [1 pound] of meat,” Naim added.
http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/05/gaza-garbage-economic-situation-israel-siege-contraband.html
Pregnant Gaza woman blocked from joining husband in Australia
EI 15 May by Patrick O. Strickland — Mohammed Suliman does not know if he will be able to attend the birth of his first child. His wife Layla has been blocked from leaving Gaza to join him in the Australian city of Adelaide. Their baby is due in August. “We are racing against the clock,” Mohammed said this week, adding that he is focused on trying to get Layla out of Gaza. “So far there has been no progress, so I’m very worried,” he added. “Once she becomes seven months pregnant, she won’t be able to travel.” Mohammed left Gaza through the Erez crossing between Gaza and present-day Israel in late March. Despite having an Australian visa and having paid national health insurance in Australia, Layla was denied exit by the Israeli authorities. Granted a full scholarship to a PhD program in Adelaide University, Mohammed was a couple of months late for his classes by the time he arrived. He had made numerous attempts to leave Gaza before eventually succeeding in doing so. Tight restrictions have been placed by Israel on the number of Palestinians passing through Erez. The Rafah crossing that separates Gaza from Egypt has been completely closed — with some rare exceptions — since the last week of October 2014.
http://electronicintifada.net/content/pregnant-gaza-woman-blocked-joining-husband-australia/14525
Bill introduced to Knesset to cancel 2005 disengagement from Gaza
JP Updates 14 May by Eliyahu Berkowitz — The last elections brought many surprises, so it should be anticipated that even more surprises are in store. MK Betsalel Smotrich (Bayit Yehudi/Tkuma) presented a new bill to cancel the disengagement law that led to Israel’s withdrawal from Gush Katif, Gaza, in 2005. The bill was submitted to the Knesset Secretariat but wasn’t discussed even in a preliminary reading. It would cancel the laws pertaining to the disengagement which prohibit the entry and stay in the areas evacuated under the program, and the elimination of the rights of those who lived in them. The sections dealing with compensation and rehabilitation of deportees will be left standing. “Today it is clear to all that the expulsion from Gush Katif and northern Samaria was a foolish mortal blow to Zionism and the settlement, and brought about the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip and the difficult security situation,” said Smotrich. “It’s time to fix it, and not just through words”.
http://jpupdates.com/2015/05/14/bill-presented-in-knesset-to-cancel-2005-disengagement-from-gaza/
Ongoing land, property theft & destruction / Ethnic cleansing / Memories of the Nakba / Discrimination
Israel issues tenders to build 85 settlement units in West Bank, 1.500 hotel rooms in Jerusalem
JERUSALEM (WAFA) 14 May – The Israeli Ministry of Housing Thursday issued tenders for the construction of 85 new housing units in a west bank settlement, in addition to 1,500 hotel rooms in occupied East Jerusalem. The ministry published tenders for the construction of 85 new housing units in the West Bank illegal settlement of Giv’at Ze’ev to the north of Jerusalem, in addition to tenders for the construction of 1500 hotel rooms in the East Jerusalem neighborhood of Jabal al-Mukabber. The ministry also issued tenders for future settlement construction plans in a 10-dunum plot of land located near the palace of the British high commissioner in Jabal al-Mukabber area.
http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=28497
Israeli demolition plan for Bedouin villages sparks outcry
UMM AL-HIRAN, Israel (AP) 14 May by Daniel Estrin — Israelis are once again locked in a bitter settlement dispute with their Arab neighbors, but this time the conflict is not unfolding in the West Bank, but in Israel’s southern desert. After years of legal battles, Israel’s Supreme Court last week cleared the way for the government to uproot the nearly 60-year-old Bedouin Arab village of Umm al-Hiran, a dusty hill of ramshackle dwellings without proper electricity or water hookups, and in its place build “Hiran,” a new community seemingly catering to Jews that is expected to feature a hotel and country club … The Supreme Court says authorities should consider giving some villagers discounted plots of land in the new development, but the villagers believe a large Bedouin population wouldn’t be tolerated there. A group of religious Jewish families with ties to the West Bank settlement movement are living in a temporary encampment in a nearby forest waiting to move to the future Hiran … Villagers say they want to maintain their rural lifestyle, and they demand the government officially recognize their villages and hook them up to the national water system and power grid … Arab activists are gearing up to fight the planned evacuation, whose date has not been announced. The leader of a newly invigorated Arab party in parliament recently marched from Bedouin country to Jerusalem in support of the unrecognized villages, and Arab activists say they are considering renewing the street protests waged two years ago that led the government to table a large-scale Bedouin resettlement plan … Israel’s more than 200,000 Bedouins are the poorest members of the country’s Arab minority, which also includes Christian and Muslim urban communities.
http://news.yahoo.com/israeli-demolition-plan-bedouin-village-sparks-outcry-202342550.html
Rooftop gardens link Palestinians to land lost in Nakba
DHEISHE REFUGEE CAMP, Palestinian Territories (AFP) 14 May by Sarah Benhaida — Hijar Hamdan al-Ayess picks off a few yellowing leaves, before pouring water into a hollowed-out pipe filled with soil where she has planted rows of aubergines, cucumbers and tomatoes. This is her way of escaping the narrow streets of Dheishe refugee camp in the southern West Bank town of Bethlehem, which is home to some 15,000 people who once lived in 45 Palestinian villages that no longer exist. “The Jews took our land, so to compensate and because we love the land, we decided to set up greenhouses on our rooftops,” says Ayess whose parents came to Dheishe in 1952 after fleeing their village of Zakariyya near Hebron. Ayess, who was born in the camp, would like to grow more plants but she has no space left on the roof, so she is making do with what she has while hoping for better days. “The most important thing is for us to return to our lands, to find them again,” she says as the Palestinians prepare to formally mark 67 years since the Nakba, or “catastrophe” that befell them when Israel was established in 1948. For the Palestinians, the right to return to homes they fled or were forced out of is a prerequisite for any peace agreement with Israel, but it is a demand the Jewish state has rejected out of hand.
http://news.yahoo.com/rooftop-gardens-palestinians-land-lost-nakba-173940119.html
Forced to leave grapes on the vine: the open wounds of May 1948
EI 14 May by Rami Almeghari — Each May brings painful memories for some of the oldest Palestinians. Musallam Younis Musallam was among those displaced in May 1948 and never allowed to return home. Musallam grew up in the village of al-Batani al-Sharqi, about 30 kilometers from Gaza. In May 1948, it came under attack from Zionist forces. The almost 6,000 residents were forced to flee and the village was totally destroyed. Musallam, then 28 years old, traveled to Maghazi in Gaza, which now hosts a camp for Palestinian refugees. “Whenever we popped out, the corn branches, where we were hiding, struck our faces,” Musallam told the author of a new book. “We carried our luggage on a donkey and myself, my mother, father and brothers, walked out of the village. We heard that the Egyptian forces were about to come to defend al-Batani al-Sharqi. But they did not come.” Titled I am from there and I have memories, the as yet unpublished book recalls what the people of al-Batani al-Sharqi endured during the Nakba (Arabic for catastrophe), the 1948 ethnic cleansing of Palestine. It is the result of two years of work by the author Ghazi Misleh, a Maghazi resident.
http://electronicintifada.net/content/forced-leave-grapes-vine-open-wounds-may-1948/14521
Memory (on Nakba Day) / Mariam Barghouti
Mondonweiss 15 May — “It was my 18th birthday. I had gone to get a haircut because we were expecting visitors. There was a bombing at Jaffa clock sq. and I stole my brother’s bike and cycled like never before. It was the area my father worked. I went and the bombing had turned my father into broken limbs.” My grandfather told me as he held tears back. Palestinian men don’t cry he used to say. “It was a Zionist bombing. And there was baba…one arm in a corner and the rest of his body in another. It was January 4th, so it was cold. I remember seeing a jacket. And I held my father’s dismembered body.” Now in his late 80’s, sido can still recall every gruesome detail. “That, sweetheart, is the story of thousands of Palestinians. It is our story then, and it is or story now.” I sat on my grandfather’s couch as he told and re-told me stories of Jaffa pre-1948. Always emphasizing the scent of the mountains, the air and the touch of the soil “Our sweat and blood is in the soil, we are its children, sido.” He would say. As his memory slowly begins to fail, sometimes mixing up his grandchildren, he can still tell you the stories of Palestine in perfect detail. Explaining every flower prick and the scorching rays of the Summer heat in July. Such recollection acts as the burden and savior of Palestinians. The stories etched within our memories, sliding off the tongues of our forefathers. It is within that memory we find pain, and within that memory we implement our existence.
http://mondoweiss.net/2015/05/memory-on-nakba-day
Decades of neglect leave East Jerusalem mired in poverty, violence
BETHLEHEM (Ma‘an) 14 May by Charlie Hoyle — Decades of chronic under-funding, discriminatory planning rights, and unequal access to services have left the Palestinian community in Jerusalem mired in poverty, according to statistics published by a civil rights group, with youths subject to increased police brutality and arrests since last summer’s demonstrations in the city. Statistics released this week by the Association for Civil Rights in Israel paint a devastating picture of neglect, urban blight and underdevelopment in East Jerusalem, the historic heart of Palestinian life, all a result of nearly five decades of Israeli policies, with over 75 percent of Palestinians living below the poverty line compared to the national Israeli average of 21.8 percent. The group released the statistics — taken from the Jerusalem Municipality, Israeli Police, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and other official agencies — to coincide with Jerusalem Day, a largely right-wing Israeli national holiday to celebrate the “liberation” and “reunification” of the city following what is internationally recognized as the illegal occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765375
Prisoners / Court actions
Khader Adnan on 10th day of open hunger strike
GAZA CITY (Ma‘an) 14 May — Prisoner Khader Adnan, 37, entered his 10th day of an open hunger strike on Thursday to demand the end to his administrative detention by Israel. The prisoner, who is affiliated with Islamic Jihad, sent a letter to Gaza-based organization the Muhjat al-Quds Association calling on Palestinians to support him in his battle of “freedom, pride, and dignity.” His major goal is to prevent Israel from tarnishing the achievement of prisoners who secured their freedom by going on hunger strikes in the past, only to be rearrested by military forces. Adnan was detained on July 8, 2014 and sentenced to administrative detention for the 10th time in his life. In 2012, Adnan’s 66-day hunger strike in an Israeli prison in 2012 inspired hundreds of prisoners to take on Israel’s policy of holding detainees without charge.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765409
Israeli military court rejects life term for Palestinian who killed soldier
Haaretz 15 May by Chaim Levinson — A military court Thursday rejected the state’s request that it return Nael Barghouti, a prisoner released in the 2011 exchange for abducted soldier Gilad Shalit, to prison for life. Barghouti, a Fatah member, was originally arrested in 1978 and sentenced to life for killing an Israeli soldier. He was the longest-serving prisoner to be freed in the Shalit deal. In June 2014, he was rearrested, along with 59 other Palestinians freed in the Shalit deal, after Hamas kidnapped three Israeli teens in the West Bank. The military prosecution then asked the court to reinstate his original life sentence, arguing that he had violated the terms of his release — in part by agreeing to become a minister in the Fatah-Hamas unity government and by taking part in activities organized by Hamas’ student union. His lawyer, Merav Khoury, countered that Barghouti was not a Hamas member and had merely been invited to lecture about his experiences in jail. On Monday, the Ofer Military Court refused to return him to jail for life, instead sentencing him to two and a half years in prison.
http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/.premium-1.656572
Will Israelis filmed killing Palestinian teen on Nakba Day get away with murder?
EI 14 May by Olivia Watson — On 15 May 2014, an Israeli Border Police officer took aim at Nadim Nuwara and pulled the trigger of his M16 rifle. The live bullet struck Nuwara, 17, in the chest and exited through his back, killing him at the scene. CCTV cameras captured the shooting, allowing for detailed forensic video, sound and spatial analysis to be used to identify Nuwara’s killer. Despite seemingly clear evidence, systemic impunity for Israeli military violence continues to be an obstacle to justice for Palestinian families living under prolonged military occupation like the Nuwaras. Nuwara’s death appears to be the direct consequence of a de facto policy pursued by the Israeli military that permits the use of live ammunition, even against children, with almost complete impunity. The families of those killed are left to live with this injustice … Ben Deri, the Israeli Border Police officer arrested in connection with Nuwara’s killing, is under house arrest, awaiting trial on a charge of manslaughter. The fact that Deri has been charged at all is a token, yet positive, development given the systemic impunity. Israel’s track record suggests that any sentence imposed will fail to match the severity of the crime as a plea agreement will likely preclude a trial and result in little, if any, prison time.
http://electronicintifada.net/content/will-israelis-filmed-killing-palestinian-teens-nakba-day-get-away-murder/14520
Palestinian refugees — Syria, Jordan, Iraq
Besieged students in Syria allowed out to take exams
BEIRUT (AFP) 15 May — At least 150 Palestinian students from a besieged refugee camp south of Damascus have been allowed to leave the camp to sit their school exams in the Syrian capital. Carrying backpacks and suitcases and accompanied by their teachers, the students walked three kilometres (two miles) Thursday from Yarmuk to rebel-held Yalda, which has been calm since a 2014 ceasefire. “I’m happy I’ll take my exams, but I’ll also be able to see my family outside Yarmuk who I haven’t seen in a long time,” said Fadi. The students were driven from Yalda into Damascus, where on Sunday they will sit national curriculum examinations. A young Palestinian girl waiting to begin the trek told AFP she was scared. “I don’t want to leave my mother in the camp, but I have to go because I can’t take the test here,” she said. Teachers had petitioned a Palestinian official in Damascus to allow students to take their exams there, as those administered in the camp are not recognised by the state, an AFP correspondent in Yarmuk said.
http://news.yahoo.com/besieged-students-syria-allowed-exams-171844631.html
Trapped in Dubai airport: the father and son who had nowhere to go
The Guardian 15 May by Patrick Kingsley — …But the experiences of Wael al-Sahlee are all too real: until finally being deported on Thursday evening, the 41-year-old Palestinian-Syrian refugee and his nine-year-old son, Montasser, were stuck in Dubai airport for a fortnight … During the Syrian civil war, Yarmouk became caught up in the fighting, and Sahlee and his wife, Nisrene, began to use their home to treat the wounded. For his efforts, Sahlee was arrested, and some of his friends were tortured to death. So on his release in late 2012, he and his family fled to Jordan, which soon closed its border to Palestinians for fear of diluting the Jordanian population. Life was hard in Jordan. Like many Palestinians, Sahlee was not allowed to work, and so endured more than two years of purgatory. Eventually his family decided the only chance of a stable future would be for him and Montasser to take a smugglers’ boat to Europe from Libya. Nisrene explained: “If we had enough money we would have all gone – we had the idea that if we died, at least we could have died altogether. But we only had enough money for them.”
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/15/trapped-in-dubai-airport-the-father-and-son-who-had-nowhere-to-go
The never-ending Nakba
Northern Jordan (Counterpunch) 13-15 May by Johnny Barber — …While rockets from Gaza garners some attention, other Palestinian refugees suffer in complete isolation. Just a 5-kilometer drive from Jerash, the beautifully preserved remnants of a once wealthy Roman city, is Jerash Camp. Known locally as Gaza Camp, it was established in 1968 as a temporary camp to house 11,500 refugees fleeing Gaza during the 6-Day War. Many of the refugees were refugees for a 2nd time, having originally fled Beersheba during the Nakba in 1948. The refugees from Gaza were not granted Jordanian papers. The situation facing those in Gaza Camp is the most difficult of the 2 million Palestinian refugees in Jordan today. Now home to an estimated 30,000 people, the camp sits on less than .75 sq. kilometers of land. The sewage system is an above-ground channel system that cannot contain the volume of waste, which flows down the alleyways and streets, the only space where children can play. The UN itself estimates that 75% of the houses are uninhabitable — some still have the original cancer-causing asbestos and corrugated tin sheeting provided for roofing in 1968. The refugees are denied support by the Jordanian government. Electricity and water are supplied to the camp at cost. Internet connections are not available. There are no pharmacies in the camp, and only one health clinic administered by UNRWA. The residents of Gaza Camp cannot access public health care. They cannot open bank accounts or purchase land.
http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/05/15/the-never-ending-nakba/
Photo essay: Continually displaced, Palestinian refugees spend Nakba Day in Iraqi IDP camp
Mondoweiss 15 May by Abed Al Qaisi — Baharka IDP camp, Iraq, holds over 1,000 displaced Iraqi families. However in one small section, 18 Palestinian refugee families currently reside. Their displacement began 67 years ago with the Nakba, and has continued to 2015 – all the families have fled from ISIS within the last year. For some of the older Palestinian refugees this is their fifth refugee camp in their lifetime, for the younger generation it is their first. For all however, the plight of being a Palestinian refugee doesn’t appear to have an end in sight.
http://mondoweiss.net/2015/05/continually-displaced-palestinian
Other news
PCHR Weekly Report on Israeli human rights violations in the oPt (7-13 May 2015)
Shootings During the reporting period, Israeli forces wounded 18 Palestinian civilians, including 4 children and 3 photojournalists, in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Eleven civilians were wounded in the West Bank, 9 of whom, including 2 children and 3 photojournalists, were wounded during peaceful protests, while the other 7 ones, including a child and 4 fishermen, were wounded in the Gaza Strip … In the Gaza Strip, on 08 May 2015, a 17-year-old child sustained a serious wound to the head as Israeli forces stationed along the border fence, northwest of al-Sayafa area in the north of the Gaza Strip, opened fire at a group of youngsters who were present near the said fence. On 09 May 2015, 2 farmers sustained shrapnel wounds when Israeli forces stationed along the border fence opened fire at some farmers and workers who were 300-500 meters away from the said fence in the north of the Gaza Strip. In the context of targeting fishermen, Israeli forces opened fire several times at fishermen. As a result, 4 fishermen were wounded, 2 others were arrested and fishing equipment and nets were damaged. These attacks coincided with the sardine season that starts in May until mid-June. Fishermen wait for this season to compensate their losses due to Israeli attacks against them. Incursions During the reporting period, Israeli forces conducted at least 58 military incursions into Palestinian communities in the West Bank. During these incursions, Israeli forces arrested at least 20 Palestinians, including 5 children. They also arrested a civilian in the Gaza Strip…. Full, detailed Report here
http://www.imemc.org/article/71589
67 torches light the streets of Ramallah
IMEMC/Agencies 15 May — A march was organized Thursday evening in Ramallah, where 67 torches, 67 keys, 67 Palestinian flags and 67 black flags were held high in remembrance of Nakba 1948. The streets were packed with people surrounding the demonstrators, who made their way through central Ramallah in circles from Arafat square to Al-Manara and back, according to the Palestinian News Network (PNN). The march was carefully choreographed with Palestinian and Nakba flags in the front followed by a uniformed orchestra in the centre and torches rearmost … The Commission also held a march on Wednesday from the tomb of late Palestinian President Yasser Arafat to Arafat Square where a central ceremony was held and Arab Idol star Haythem Khaleily was giving a concert. On Friday, sirens of mourning will be blared at 12 pm as an expression of mourning on the losses of the Palestinian people. In addition, a march will be launched near the Apartheid Wall in Nelain town, near Ramallah.
http://www.imemc.org/article/71602
Abbas calls on Palestinian Christians to ‘stay with us’
BETHLEHEM (Ma‘an) 16 May — In the run-up to Pope Francis’ canonization of two Palestinian nuns, President Mahmoud Abbas praises Palestinian Christians for the “distinctive dimension” their community and history gives to the Palestinian struggle. “On this holy occasion we would like to express appreciation to our Palestinian Christian brothers for their steadfastness and effective contribution to building the Palestinian nation, and we call upon them to stay with us and not to be easily swept by the tide of migration,” Abbas said in a statement Saturday. St. Marie Alphonsine Ghattas from Jerusalem and St. Mariam Bawardy from Ibilin village in the Galilee are to be canonized Sunday at the Vatican’s St. Peter’s square … Abbas said in the statement that recognition of Palestinian Christians by the Pope “emphasizes our unity, and affirms our determination to build a sovereign, independent and free Palestine based on the principles of equal citizenship and the values of spirituality and sublime humanity.”
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765450
Hamas-Fatah divide cripples Palestinian judiciary
GAZA CITY 14 May by Hazem Balousha — Since Hamas’ takeover in 2007, the Gaza Strip has been governed pursuant to a legal and legislative system completely separate from that of the West Bank. The reconciliation agreement signed between Fatah and Hamas in April 2014 and the subsequent formation of the Rami Hamdallah-led Palestinian unity government formed in June 2014 failed to unify the legal and legislative systems of Gaza and the West Bank, where new laws continue to be separately and independently drafted. After its takeover of the Gaza Strip — which caused a significant disruption in the work of the Gaza judiciary and courts — Hamas established in 2007 a Supreme Judicial Council and a Public Prosecutor’s Office, and appointed a special prosecutor, Ismail Jaber, who was replaced two years later, completely separating them from their counterparts in the West Bank. Hamas’ Change and Reform bloc within the Legislative Council holds separate meetings in Gaza and has so far drafted 50 laws that only apply to the Gaza Strip. President Mahmoud Abbas has issued more than 100 decrees that have solely been implemented in the West Bank following the split from Gaza in 2007, when the Legislative Council — in which Hamas won an overwhelming majority during the 2006 general elections — was stripped of its authority.
http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/05/palestine-gaza-west-bank-hamas-fatah-judiciary-legislation.html
PA uncovers Hamas cell in Hebron planning attacks on Israel
JPost 15 May — A Palestinian Authority security official said Friday that the PA’s security services uncovered and arrested a Hamas cell near Hebron in the West Bank. The official told Israel Radio on Friday that the group was planning attacks meant to take place in Israel. Palestinian police were first alerted to the cell after a report was received of people preparing explosives inside an apartment. Five members of the cell were then arrested. The report said that cell members were in the early stages of preparing the necessary materials to make an explosive device and a search of the house did not find any completed explosives. The official said that Palestinian security forces have arrested other Hamas military cells in Hebron, Kalkilya [Qalqliliya], Nablus and Jenin since the beginning of the year.
http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/PA-uncovers-Hamas-cell-in-Hebron-planning-attacks-on-Israel-403191
West Bank biogas is big success for Bedouin community
ANERA 11 May — “Sheer bliss.” That’s how Naser Qadous, ANERA’s agricultural projects manager, described Natheera Al-Asad’s joy upon witnessing the blue flames emerge from the portable gas burner for the first time. “Natheera was skeptical about the entire project up until that moment,” explains Naser. “The surprise on her face was indescribable.” The West Bank biogas project is one of ANERA’s many agriculture projects that allow for self-sustainability and economic development in marginalized communities. The biogas digesters, designed and implemented by ANERA engineers, provide a renewable source of energy at no cost because all that’s required is animal waste. Rural families in Palestine often have livestock that can easily provide the fuel. The unique project has been introduced into the northern West Bank community of Al Maleh and also into the homes of 15 impoverished families in Gaza.
http://www.anera.org/stories/west-bank-biogas-big-success-bedouin-community/
Palestinian surgeons perform rare operation at Hebron hospital
HEBRON (Ma‘an) 14 May – Palestinian surgeons at Alia public hospital in Hebron in the southern West Bank on Wednesday successfully repaired a very uncommon skull deformity of a baby. Dr. Imad Rashid, the neurosurgeon who performed the operation, confirmed to Ma‘an the rarity of the case, highlighting that he and his team removed a deformity three times the size of the infant’s skull. The baby has completely recovered, he added. “The surgery is a source of pride given the limited equipment we have,” said director of Alia Hospital Dr. Walid Zalloum, boasting of the skillful surgeons and nurses the hospital has.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765407
Obama says Israel-Palestinian two-state solution ‘vital for peace’
WASHINGTON (Reuters) 15 May — U.S. President Barack Obama said on Thursday he continues to believe a two-state solution for Israel and the Palestinians was “absolutely vital” for achieving Middle East peace. Obama said he believed the two-state option was also the best for the long-term security of Israel. He acknowledged the prospect of a peace accord “seems distant now,” noting that a number of members of the new Israeli government did not share the view that a two-state solution was viable.
http://news.yahoo.com/obama-says-israel-palestinian-two-state-solution-vital-003542308.html
US to contribute $20 million in support of UNRWA
JERUSALEM (WAFA) 14 May – The United States announced Thursday a new $20 million aid contribution to the United Nations Relief & Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), said the UNRWA in a press release. The UNRWA noted in its press release that the new early financial contribution is intended to ensure that it can continue providing education, health, relief and social services that meet the basic human needs of Palestine refugees in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, the West Bank and Gaza. It further noted that this contribution was provided earlier than planned in view of delayed anticipated income from other sources and the lack of UNRWA cash reserves. The imminent funding shortfall would have impacted the Agency’s ability to provide critical humanitarian assistance to Palestine refugee communities, said the release.
http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=28496
Mayor of Paris signs historic cooperation agreement with Bethlehem
BETHLEHEM (Ma‘an) 14 May — The mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, on Wednesday undertook a historic visit to Bethlehem, where she signed two major partnership agreements with mayor of the city, Vera Baboun, to improve water networks in the biblical town. “The municipal council of Paris is aware of the hardships the Palestinian people face, especially in Bethlehem, but we admire very much their spirit of determination and the positive attitude to life,” Hidalgo told Ma’an. The strategic agreements signed between Bethlehem and Paris will help improve water networks in the city and mitigate the negative impact of the Israeli separation wall on Bethlehem’s natural development. Hidalgo confirmed that the municipal council of Paris would also help develop the tourism sector in Bethlehem to help create work opportunities for young men and women.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765410
FIFA chief Blatter seeks Israeli concession in Palestine dispute
ZURICH (AFP) 16 May — FIFA leader Sepp Blatter said Friday he hopes to head off a Palestinian call for a vote to expel Israel from football’s governing body but that Israel must make a concession. Blatter said he will meet Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas next Wednesday and Thursday in a bid to end what he called his biggest “challenge.” The Palestinians have sought a vote at the FIFA Congress on May 29 claiming abuse of Palestinian footballers by Israel. Blatter has made it clear he opposes the vote but that “a solution is only a realistic proposition when those who are privileged are prepared to concede something and contribute to equality.” The onus in this respect is on Israel with its outstanding infrastructure, fully functioning professional league and economic context,” Blatter wrote in his weekly column for a FIFA magazine. In an interview with a small group of reporters including AFP, Blatter said Israel should make it easier for Palestinian and foreign footballers and sports equipment to get in and out of the occupied territories. He added that Netanyahu “would not receive the FIFA delegation if he is not ready to make some concessions, I am sure.”
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765443
Official: Israel may ‘have to’ target civilians in Lebanon
TEL AVIV (AFP) 14 May — A senior Israeli military intelligence official said Wednesday Israel would likely “have to” target civilian areas in Lebanon in a future confrontation with Hezbollah, given its distribution of weapons sites. In a briefing to foreign journalists at the defense ministry in Tel Aviv, the official also warned of a heightened threat of conflict on Israel’s borders in the next two years as a result of “escalation” in the region. The official’s warning came after a Hezbollah attack killed two Israeli soldiers and a UN peacekeeper in January 2015, raising fears of another all-out war. Hezbollah had launched the attack shortly after an Israeli strike in the occupied Golan Heights killed six Hezbollah members including a commander and son of the group’s deceased military leader … The army official warned that in a future conflict with Hezbollah, Israel would “have to” target civilian areas. He said Hezbollah currently possesses more than 100,000 rockets hidden in civilian areas in Lebanese villages that could hit northern Israel, including “hundreds” which could reach anywhere in the Jewish state.”Each (village) is a military stronghold. Next time we have a war with Hezbollah, we will have to attack each one of these targets, and we hope the population will not be there,” he said. Israel is still reeling from a report by an Israeli army veterans NGO Breaking the Silence earlier this month, in which members of Israeli forces gave testimony that the military acted with complete disregard for civilian casualties during last summer’s offense on the Gaza Strip.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765400
Life in a refugee camp – New Askar, Nablus
[with photos] NEW ASKAR, Nablus, Occupied Palestine (ISM, Huwarra Team) 11 May — New Askar refugee camp is situated north-east of Nablus in the Askar area. It was created in 1965 to accommodate the increased number of refugees who were living in (old) Askar Camp that was established in 1950 after hundreds of thousands of Palestinians were forced from their homes in the Nakba. This ethnic cleansing of 1948 was part of the creation of Israel. The camp has since grown to a total of 6.000 people living on an area of 0.5 km 2. This high density creates both a claustrophobic and at times a dangerous environment. Located in Area C, under full Israeli control, it does not have the status of a refugee camp. This means that if the occupation was to end and refugees were able to return to their hometowns, those living in New Askar would not be given this right. They cannot take part in the elections of Nablus municipality either. Instead, the camp has its own internal government and elections take place every two years. All political parties, except for Hamas, are represented and currently there are nine elected men and two women. But although the camp has a good level of self-organisation, many problems remain unsolved; one of the main ones being drugs. The camp is plagued with drug dealers and as it is located in Area C, there is no presence of Palestinian police. The camp is also open to local settlers, Israeli soldiers and Samaritans to come and buy whatever they want. Another issue is health. Until 2007, there were no public services and even today they are extremely limited.
http://palsolidarity.org/2015/05/life-in-a-refugee-camp-new-askar-nablus/
The Nakba: Israel’s catastrophe / Vacy Vlazna
Palestine Chronicle 12 May — “By military force, the Jewish forces conquered 78% of Palestine in 1948 and depopulated 675 towns and villages, leaving only 15% of its Palestinian citizens under the rule of the Jewish forces. This area of Palestine was called Israel.” — Salman Abu Sitta — The Palestinian Nakba is a catastrophe for the Jewish colonists and their descendants: it transformed the once decent surviving victims of European anti-Semitism and the Holocaust into terrorists, killers, thieves, racists, and liars – into the mirror image of their persecutors. And the same perverted brush tainted the UN and Western governments as collaborators of the sickest and most sadistic society in the world … Today is Nakba Day, as was yesterday and all days back to the 1922 British Mandate with its broken legal obligations to hold Palestine in trust until independence. Daily, the Zionist war crimes of illegal demolitions, evictions and squatting in Palestinian homes occur. The imposed torture of fear, stress and loss [on] the Palestinian families is unimaginably cruel.
http://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-nakba-israels-catastrophe/
groups.yahoo.com/group/f_shadi (listserv)
www.theheadlines.org (archive) |
Overwatch World Cup Australia - Why Blank Esports?
WARNING: Wall of text. Pepper your angus m8s -
Hi guys, I wanted to 'put pen to paper' briefly to talk about the AUS committee's decision to send the entire Blank roster.
First and foremost; I acknowledge that there were other candidates on the list that could justifiably done a better job than I, given my relative lack of proximity to the AU scene. I would be lying if I said I was an expert, but I was and am determined to do justice to those that voted for me by immersing myself in this process. Naturally, I still leaned a lot on Jackson (HeyKatie) and Jason (SereNity) for their expertise. Recognizing that my role was not to be a scene expert on this team, but to leverage my experience with player and team management (Mindfreak and Legacy Esports) was very important for me.
The very first issue that I took up with the committee was whether or not sending the entirety of the Blank roster to the WC cup was an oversimplification of the entire process. Yes, they had been performing admirably in Taiwan against stoic competition, but had not competed domestically for a while. We felt that to simply make a decision to send this team would be to deny the many talented players and teams in the Australian scene the recognition they deserved. I wasn't okay with this, nor were the others.
There was one problem. We ideally wanted to use Blank (at the very least) as a foundation for this roster. There are a lot of talented individuals on the team with a lot of experience, and they dominated the OCE scene before departing for Taiwan. Again, the problem is that they were all living in a house in Taiwan playing in the OPC. Their scrim schedule was very tight and they were all naturally very focused on playing as a unit. Take this in hand with the fact that given their remoteness from mainland Australia, playing or practicing with other Aussies would have been very difficult due to ping, mostly. (Remember, even within the same country you can get up to 100ms connecting to a Sydney server from Perth, thanks Turnbull.)
This put us in a fairly compromising position. We couldn't really form a mix team with Blank players and other individuals from teams such as Athletico, 4Legs, Masterminds, Plot1, Scylla etc because the Blank team were so busy with their scrims and the server regions were too far apart, and Blank weren't due to return from Taiwan for another six weeks at the time.
So - we would either take the entirety of Blank (and have their rigorous scrim schedule double as AUS WC team practice), or none of them - and form a team from the remaining AU players. Even still, we still weren't convinced that we weren't oversimplifying the issue. We wanted to see how the Australian scene had grown comparatively during Blank's absence. Logistically, having a team in Taiwan and teams in Australia play against each other (even on a relatively equidistant server) is very difficult, but we resolved to at least organize some matches between Blank and some of Australia's top teams as determined by the ESL ANZ finals the weekend prior.
Put simply, Blank demonstrated that they were still a cut above. I know that server conditions were not ideal playing over such long distances, but it was the best that we could do with the time available, and I had resolved to give other Aussie teams at least a chance to show their skills - this was the best way that we could do it under the constraints that we had. From here on out, it was a fairly simple decision. We had a team whose last months of practice could give us an edge over more mixed all-star rosters from other countries, and Blank's coach/analyst was already on the committee, meaning that he would still be able to operate in his usual capacity during the WC groups. This combination of fortuitous factors was too good to pass up.
A brief mention on the topic of Custa - a lot of people have (correctly) pointed out that Scott is an incredible support player and would make a perfect fit for a national all-star team. However, logistics would still have been an issue in his case, whether he had stayed in Canada like he is, or returned home to Australia. It is always hard to assess whether a potential 'skill boost' (again, contentious) of bringing in a player like Scott to the team would outweigh the potential loss of synergy (even though he is a phenomenal communicator) within the team; we decided to leave the Blank roster as it was. Scott wasn't the only standout player that we considered, but it will be Blank playing in Sydney for our shot at Anaheim. It is worth mentioning further on this note that Gunba, who plays the same roles as Custa on the team, is currently ranked 29th in Asia and is the highest rated played on BLK. He well and truly pulls his weight.
Last year it was Korea in our group, this year its Sweden, and Finland/Spain in the other Sydney group. It never gets any easier for us but Aussies like nothing more than an underdog and we are going hell-for-leather this year.
Make sure to give the @BlankOCE boys and my fellow committee members a follow - Aussies, we hope to have your support!
@BLK_Rqt - @BLK_Aetar - @BLK_Trill - @BLK_Gunba - @BLK_kiki - @BLK_ieatuup
@BLK_SereNity - @heyimnotkatie
Reply · Report Post |
Possible role of rivaroxaban in attenuating pressure-overload-induced atrial fibrosis and fibrillation.
Coagulation factor Xa (FXa) promotes thrombus formation and exacerbates inflammation via activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2. We tested the hypothesis of whether administration of direct oral anticoagulant, rivaroxaban, would attenuate transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced atrial inflammatory fibrosis and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation (AF) in mice. Ten-week-old male CL57/B6 mice were divided into a sham-operation (CNT) group and TAC-surgery group. These two groups were then subdivided into vehicle (VEH) and rivaroxaban (RVX) treatment (30μg/g/day) groups. We assessed PAR-2 expression in response to TAC-related stimulation using rat cultured cells. TAC-induced left atrial thrombus formation was not observed in the TAC-RVX group. Cardiac PAR-2 upregulation was observed in both TAC groups. In the quantitative analysis of mRNA levels, cardiac PAR-2 upregulation was attenuated in the TAC-RVX group compared to TAC-VEH group. In histological evaluation, the TAC-VEH group showed cardiac inhomogeneous interstitial fibrosis and abundant infiltration of macrophages, which were attenuated by RVX administration. Electrophysiological examination revealed that AF duration in the TAC group was shortened by RVX administration. TAC-induced protein overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and mRNA overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the left atrium was suppressed by RVX treatment. In cardiac fibroblasts, persistent intermittent stretch upregulated PAR-2, which was suppressed by RVX pre-incubation. These observations demonstrate that coagulation FXa inhibitor probably has a cardioprotective effect against pressure-overload-induced atrial remodeling. |
Q:
ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError on User.advertisements.create
I have a rails application that user users and sessions. Users have many advertisements, and, while changing the user model to have many advertisements, I run into an Unknown Attribute Error.
Advertisements_controller.rb
class AdvertisementsController < ApplicationController
before_action :require_user, only: [:new, :create]
def index
@advertisements = Advertisement.all
end
def new
@advertisement = Advertisement.new
end
def create
@advertisement = current_user.advertisements.create(advertisement_params)
if @advertisement.save
redirect_to '/advertisements/index'
else
redirect_to '/advertisements/new'
end
end
private
def advertisement_params
params.require(:advertisement).permit(:title, :body)
end
end
user_controller.rb
class UsersController < ApplicationController
def new
@user = User.new
end
def create
@user = User.new(user_params)
if @user.save then
session[:user_id] = @user.id
redirect_to '/'
else
redirect_to '/signup'
end
end
private
def user_params
params.require(:user).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :email, :password)
end
end
user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :advertisements, dependent: :destroy
# Rails's built-in password security
has_secure_password
end
advertisement.rb
class Advertisement < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :user
end
When creating an advertisement I get an Unknown Attribute user_id on
@advertisement = current_user.advertisements.create(advertisement_params)
this line. It should call current_user, which is on application_controller.rb
def current_user
@current_user ||= User.find(session[:user_id]) if session[:user_id]
end
EDIT: Now if I create and advertisement and then list it, I get
[#<Advertisement id: 1, created_at: "2016-02-27 00:50:55", updated_at: "2016-02-27 00:50:55", title: "my advert", body: "it belongs to me!", users_id: nil, user_id: 1>
Note the users_id: nil. I think, while it is filling the user_id it's not doing the belongs_to thing right. Where is the users_id: nil coming from? I'm only concerned because, when I delete a user, I want all their advertisements to be deleted as well (and not wasting space on ym database).
A:
It sounds like your advertisements table has a column named users_id, and it should be user_id. I would write a migration to change the name of that column.
You can fix this by first generating a migration:
rails g migration rename_advertisements_users_id
Then giving the migration these contents:
def change
rename_column :advertisements, :users_id, :user_id
end
Then run the migration:
rake db:migrate && RAILS_ENV=test rake db:migrate
Next time you create a table with a foreign key, do something like this:
create_table :pages do |t|
t.references :book # not books
t.text :text
t.timestamps
end
Also, I would not fix the old migration. Just write the new one. Here is why: http://illuminatedcomputing.com/posts/2013/03/rules-for-rails-migrations/
|
#region License
//
// Copyright (c) 2013, Kooboo team
//
// Licensed under the BSD License
// See the file LICENSE.txt for details.
//
#endregion
using Kooboo.CMS.Sites.ABTest;
using Kooboo.ComponentModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Kooboo.CMS.Web.Areas.Sites.Models
{
[MetadataFor(typeof(UserAgentVisitRule))]
public class UserAgentVisitRule_Metadata
{
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Required")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[Required]
[Display(Name = "Regex pattern")]
[UIHint("UserAgentPattern")]
[Description("The UserAgent regular expression pattern.")]
public string RegexPattern { get; set; }
}
}
|
Gross motor skill
Gross motor skills are the abilities usually acquired during childhood as part of a child's motor learning. By the time they reach two years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs, etc. These skills are built upon, improved and better controlled throughout early childhood, and continue in refinement throughout most of the individual's years of development into adulthood. These gross movements come from large muscle groups and whole body movement. These skills develop in a head-to-toe order. The children will typically learn head control, trunk stability, and then standing up and walking. It is shown that children exposed to outdoor play time activities will develop better gross motor skills.
Types of motor skills
Motor skills are movements and actions of the muscles. Typically, they are categorized into two groups: gross motor skills and fine motor skills. Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements. Gross motor skills can be further divided into two subgroups of locomotor skills and object control skills. Gross locomotor skills would include running, jumping, sliding, and swimming. Object control skills would include throwing, catching and kicking. Fine motor skills are involved in smaller movements that occur in the wrists, hands, fingers, and the feet and toes. They participate in smaller actions such as picking up objects between the thumb and finger, writing carefully, and even blinking. These two motor skills work together to provide coordination. Less developed kids focus on their gross movements, while more developed kids have more control over their fine movements.
Development of posture
Gross motor skills, as well as many other activities, require postural control. Infants need to control the heads to stabilize their gaze and to track moving objects. They also must have strength and balance in their legs to walk.
Newborn infants cannot voluntarily control their posture. Within a few weeks, though, they can hold their heads erect, and soon they can lift their heads while prone. By 2 months of age, babies can sit while supported on a lap or an infant seat, but sitting independently is not accomplished until 6 or 7 months of age. Standing also develops gradually across the first year of life. By about 8 months of age, infants usually learn to pull themselves up and hold on to a chair, and they often can stand alone by about 10 to 12 months of age. There is a new device called a “Standing Dani” developed to help special needs children with their posture.
Learning to walk
Walking upright requires being able to stand up and balance position from one foot to the other. Although infants usually learn to walk around the time of their first birthday, the neural pathways that control the leg alternation component of walking are in place from a very early age, possibly even at birth or before.[1] This is shown because 1- to 2-month-olds are given support with their feet in contact with a motorized treadmill, they show well-coordinated, alternating steps. If it were not for the problem of switching balance from one foot to the other, babies could walk earlier. Tests were performed on crawling and walking babies where slopes were placed in front of the path and the babies had to decide whether or not it was safe. The tests proved that babies who just learned how to walk did not know what they were capable of and often went down slopes that were not safe, whereas experienced walkers knew what they could do. Practice has a big part to do with teaching a child how to walk.
Vision does not have an effect on muscle growth but it could slow down the child’s process of learning to walk. According to the nonprofit Blind Children Center, “Without special training, fully capable infants who are visually impaired may not learn to crawl or walk at an appropriate age and gross and fine motor skills will not properly develop.” When the child is not able to see an object then there is no motivation for the child to try to reach for it. Therefore, they do not want to learn independently. Learning to walk is done by modeling others and watching them. Children when put in environments with older children will observe and try and copy the movements done. This helps the child learn through trial and error. The babies will imitate others, picking up the skills a lot faster than creating their own errors. Visually impaired children may need physical therapy to help them learn these gross motor skills faster. One hour of therapy each week is not enough so parents have to make sure they are involved in this process. The parent can help by telling the baby the direction of where the object is and encourage them to get it. You must have patience because every child has their own developmental schedule and it is even truer for the children with special needs. Focusing on the progress of your child is better than focusing on comparing your child to other children. (Humphrey)
Infancy development
It has been observed by scientists that motor skills generally develop from the center to the body outward and head to tail. Babies need to practice their skills; therefore they will grow and strengthen better. They need space and time to explore in their environment and use their muscles. “Tummy-time” is a good example of this. At first they are only able to lay their belly on the floor but by around two months they start to gain muscle to raise their head and chest off the ground. Some are also able to go on their elbows. They will also start to kick and bend their legs while lying there, this helps to prepare for crawling. By four months they are able to start to control their head and hold it steady while sitting up. Rolling from belly to back movements is started. At about five months the baby will start to wiggle their limbs to strengthen crawling muscles. Infants can start to sit up by themselves and put some weight on their legs as they hold onto something for support by six months. As they enter their first-year caregivers needs to be more active. The babies will want to get into everything so the house needs to become ‘baby proofed’. Babies are able to start to reach and play with their toys too. It is said that the use of baby walkers or devices that help to hold the baby upright are said to delay the process of walking. Research has been found that it delays developing the core torso strength, which can lead to different issues down in their future. Around ten months they should be able to stand on their own. Throughout their years of life different motor skills are formed. (Oswalt) With regards to the gait pattern, study shows that infant at 12 months old exhibit larger mediolateral motion, which may be caused by weak muscle strength and lack of stability. They also show a synchronized use of hip and shoulder while they are walking, which is different from a mature gait pattern performed by adults. The ankles didn't move as much among 12-month infants as compared to that of adults performing a mature walking.
Development in the second year
Development in the second year of life, toddlers become more motorically skilled and mobile.
They are no longer content with being in a playpen and want to move all over the place.
Child development experts believe that motor activity during the second year is vital to the child's competent development and that few restrictions,
except for safety, should be placed on their motoric adventures. By 13 to 18 months, toddlers can move up and down steps and carry toys. Once they reach the top of the
stairs though, they are not able to get back down. They also begin to move from one position to another more smoothly. (Oswalt) Significant changes in gait patterns are also observed in the second year. Infants in the second year have a discordant use of hip and shoulder while walking, which is closer to an adult walking pattern. They are also able to utilize the rage of motion of their ankles, toes, and heels more, which is similar to a mature walk. By 18 to 24 months, can move quicker or run for a short distance along with other motor skills. They also start to walk backwards and in circles and begin to run. They can also not only walk up the stairs with their hands and feet but are now able to hold onto the handrail and walk up. Near the end of their second year, complex gross motor skills begin to develop including
throwing and kicking. Their skills becomes more natural. Pedaling a tricycle and jumping in place is acquired. At the end they are very mobile and can go from place to place. It is normal for them to get themselves into small situations that could be dangerous such as walking into the street because their brain can’t send the information fast enough to their feet. Parents need to keep an eye on their children at all times. (Oswalt) In a majority of the select kinematic and kinetic variables, there are greater differences between two-year-old children and four-year-old-children than there are between four year old children and six year old children. The variables for which there were significant differences tended to be in displacement, velocity, and magnitude of force measurements.
In a majority of the select kinematic and kinetic variables, there are greater differences between two-year-old children and four-year-old-children than there are between four year old children and six year old children. The variables for which there were significant differences tended to be in displacement, velocity, and magnitude of force measurements.
Development of children with disabilities
Children with disabilities who are as young as seven months can learn to drive a power wheelchair.
This will give specific benefits to the leg, is paralyzed.
This chair may decrease the rate of development of the child’s gross motor skills, but there are ways to compensate for this. These children usually work with a physical therapist to help with their leg movements. Walkers and other devices are used to help aide this process and avoid obstacles. The negative side to this is that they are limited in their mobility. There is research out to find a device to encourage children to explore their environment while gaining their gross motor skills. This will also hopefully help them with their exercise.
Childhood
Early childhood is a critical period for the development of fundamental motor skills. As a preschooler, the child develops depending on his/her interactions with the surrounding environment. If the child is in an encouraging environment with constructive feedback, he or she will develop fundamental motor skills at a faster rate. Typically, females perform better fundamental movement skills at an earlier age than males. Although many studies prove this to be true, it is dominantly true in walking. Girls typically go through maturity faster than boys do, causing them to also be less active. This allows boys to be deemed more active, due to the fact that they mature much later than their opposing gender. However, this does not give a clear answer as to whether or not girls learn to walk before boys. One would think that learning to walk sooner would allow for a higher activity level, though since girls have a noticeably lower activity level than boys, one would assume that this would mean that girls would learn to walk after boys. But since they mature earlier, that would involve the walking stage. As they grow older, children become more proficient in their tasks allowing them to use their high developed skill for events such as sports where these motor skills are highly required. Children who do not master fundamental motor skills are less likely to participate in sport games during childhood and adolescence. This is one explanation of why boys tend to be more or less athletic than their opposite gender. Children at a younger age might not be able to perform at the level of older children, but their ability to learn and improve on motor skills is much higher.
At 3 years of age, children enjoy simple movements, such as hopping, jumping, and running back and forth, just for the sheer delight of performing these activities. However, the findings in the article "The relationship between fine and gross motor ability, self-perceptions and self-worth in children and adolescents" it stated that there was not a statistical significance in athletic competence and social competence. This correlation coefficient was .368 and simply means that there is a low correlation between those two relationships. A child being able to perform certain gross and fine motor skills does not mean that they will have the ability to demonstrate social skills such as conversation, social awareness, sensitivity, and body language. This Their body stability is focused on the child's dynamic body base and is related to their visual perceptions such as height, depth, or width. A study was done to assess motor skill development and the overall rate and level of growth development. This study shows that at the preschool age children develop more goal-directed behaviors. This plays a big role, because their learning focuses around play and physical activity. While assessing the gross motor skills in children can be challenging, it is essential to do so in order to ensure that children are prepared to interact with the environment they live in. Different tests are given to these children to measure their skill level.
At age 4, children continue to do the same actions as they did at age 3, but further their moving. They are beginning to be able to go down the stairs with one foot on each step. At 5 years of age, they are fully able to go down the stairs one foot at a time in addition to improvements in their balance and running. Their body stability becomes more mature and their trunk is fixed on their posture. Performances are more fluent and are less influenced by factors such a slope and width. During middle and late childhood, children's motor development becomes much smoother and more coordinated than it was in early childhood.
As they age, children become able to have control over their bodies and have an increased attention span. Having a child in a sport can help them with their coordination, as well as some social aspects. Teachers will suggest that their students may need occupational therapists in different situations. Students could get frustrated doing writing exercises if they are having difficulties with their writing skills. It also may affect the teacher because it is illegible. Some children also may have reports of their “hands getting tired”. There are many occupational therapists out there today to give students the help they need. These therapists were once used when something was seriously wrong with your child but now they are used to help children be the best they can be.
In the Article "The Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skills and Outside-School Physical Activity of Elementary School Children" we can see that the developmental level of overhand throwing and jumping of elementary kids is related to skill specific physical activity outside of school. In the studies done boys were seen to have higher scores in developmental level of overhand throwing and higher scores for the Caltrac accelerometer, rapid-trunk movement, and motor skill related physical activity. Girls were seen to have higher scores in lower-intensity physical activities and physical inactivity. The study showed that the developmental level of the fundamental skills (Overhand-throwing and Jumping) are related to skill-specific physical activity outside of school in elementary children. We can conclude that boys at a younger age develop fundamental motor skills quicker than girls will. In other studies it has been seen that having a higher motor proficiency leads to kids being more active, and in most cases more athletic. This can lead to some issues in childhood development such as issues with weight, and increasing the public health epidemic of childhood obesity.
Adolescence and adulthood
Between the ages of 7 and 12 there is an increase in running speed and are able to skip. Jumping is also acquired better and there is an increase in throwing and kicking. They’re able to bat and dribble a ball. (Age) Gross motor skills usually continue improving during adolescence. The peak of physical performance is before 3 ko0, between 18 and 26. Even though athletes keep getting better than their predecessors—running faster, jumping higher, and lifting more weight—the age at which they reach their peak performance has remained virtually the same. After age 30, most functions begin to decline. Older adults move slower than younger adults. This can be moving from one place to another or continually moving. Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can slow this process. Aging individuals who are active and biologically healthy perform motor skills at a higher level than their less active, less healthy aging counterparts.
See also
Apraxia
Developmental coordination disorder
Fine motor skill
References
Further reading
External links
About Down Syndrome
Gross motor development in early & middle childhood
Infancy Physical Development: Gross Motor Skills - A. Oswalt
Walking Development In Visually Impaired Children - A. Humphrey
Watch How You Hold That Crayon - New York Times
Category:Pediatrics
Category:Motor control
Category:Motor skills |
Reformed drug and porn addict found God in a hotel room
At one time, life for Ryan Ries was a swirl of sex, cocaine abuse, skateboarding and partying - until he picked up a Gideon Bible in a hotel room.
The downward spiral has its roots in a chance discovery when he was in first grade of a bag full of porn magazines at the back of his school. It was when he was in fourth grade that he saw a pornographic video and started to understand the images he had seen in the magazines. Something "warped" in his mind and pornography would dominate his high school years.
But it wasn't only pornography that he became addicted to. He developed a love for partying and experimental drug consumption in his school years later turned into a habit of daily life.
"When I got to high school, I was introduced to cocaine. It was more experimental at that time, but after high school is where it started getting to be more of a habit. It turned into a routine. That's just what I did. I partied," says Ries in a new I Am Second testimonial.
"I would wake up, go to work, go skate and go get wasted."
On the outside, it continued to look like he was having a ball. He had the nice house, the motorcycles, the girls, and he travelled the world.
But on the inside there was only emptiness, pain and sorrow as the drug, alcohol and porn addictions became entrenched.
"Nothing got me off anymore. I was empty, nothing made me happy," Ries said in his I am Second film.
The drug addiction reached its peak when he was on business in Panama City and overdosed on cocaine. His colleague found him and thought he was dead, but amazingly Ries came round the next morning.
When he did awake from the overdose something was different, he knew he had to change and, in his hotel room, he turned to God and prayed a desperate prayer to God.
"I said, 'Jesus if you're real I need you to prove that you're real to me. Because I see religion around me – my parents and these Christians – and I don't relate to them,'" said Ries.
He found a Gideon Bible in the hotel room and knew that he would be able to find God in its pages.
"I read that Gideon Bible for six hours straight—all the way to LAX (LA international airport) and I remember I landed and I had peace in my life for the first time in my life I think," said Ries.
Ries has never looked back and went on to found The Whosoevers with P.O.D. frontman Sonny Sandoval and Brian "Head" Welch of metal band KORN.
Together, they use live music, skate boarding and street art as a platform for talking to people about substance abuse and sex addiction.
The Whosoevers movement is supporting school programmes, rehabs, sober living homes, human trafficking prevention and local charities. Ries' hope is to creatively inspire people to stand together and work for change and reach millions of people around the world.
Complex molecules that could be key building blocks of life were discovered on the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, according to a new research published by ESA scientists in a special edition of the journal "Science." |
The present invention relates to an acceleration sensor for detecting an acceleration operating on a vehicle, and an acceleration detecting system using the acceleration sensor.
An acceleration sensor is widely used with an occupant protection device such as an airbag and a seat-belt tensioner. Generally, the acceleration sensor is provided on a floor tunnel in a vehicle room together with a control unit, detects an acceleration operating on a vehicle through the floor tunnel, and gives an analog signal representative of the acceleration to the control unit. The control unit decides based on the acceleration signal from the acceleration sensor and a collision decision threshold value whether to drive the occupant protection device, and controls the occupant protection device according to the decision.
By the way, when an impact of collision is absorbed by a crush of a collision part of the car body, it can be assumed that a collision acceleration transmitted to the floor tunnel is weakened. In such a case, an acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor provided on the floor tunnel is small. In particular, a collision, such as an offset collision or an oblique collision, tends to cause a case in which the acceleration transmitted to the floor tunnel is weakened. Because of this, from the viewpoint of providing the acceleration sensor near a collision part, providing the acceleration sensor at a front part of the vehicle can be considered. However, according to this, since the acceleration sensor must be provided near an engine of the vehicle, the acceleration sensor is placed under a state of directly receiving a great variation of temperature. Hence, a conventional acceleration sensor detecting an acceleration as an analog signal can not be provided.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an acceleration sensor which can be provided near an engine of an automobile.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an acceleration detecting system using the acceleration sensor.
An acceleration sensor in claim 1 comprises: a piezo-electric element for detecting an acceleration; an amplifier circuit for inputting voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, and for giving a differential amplification signal, which is obtained by differentially amplifying the voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, as a sensor output; a bias resistor circuit provided at an input side of said amplifier circuit; a capacitor inserted in parallel with said piezo-electric element in order to lower a lower cut-off frequency without increasing resistance values of said bias resistor circuit; temperature compensation means for adjusting gain of said amplifier circuit so that an output-temperature characteristic of said piezo-electric element is compensated; and a reference voltage circuit for giving a reference potential to said amplifier circuit and said bias resistor circuit.
According to a composition like this, the output fluctuations of the piezo-electric element due to variations in ambient temperature are compensated by the gain adjustment of the amplifier circuits by means of the temperature compensation means. Accordingly, even when the acceleration sensor is provided in a place with extreme ambient temperature variations such that it directly receives heat from a vehicle engine, the sensor output of the acceleration sensor does not fluctuate by variations in ambient temperature. Also, by inserting the capacitor in parallel with the piezo-electric element, the composite capacity is increased. By this, the lower cut-off frequency can be lowered without increasing resistance values of the bias resistor circuit.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 2 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, a capacity of said capacitor is set so that resistors of said bias resistor circuit become values that can be used in a normal atmosphere and so that the lower cut-off frequency becomes a low value in which velocity variations can easily be detected. By this, the acceleration sensor can give a lower frequency component, and thereby the sensor output that facilitates a collision decision can be given. Also, it is not necessary to set resistors of the bias resistor circuit to such high resistance values that cannot be used in an ordinary atmosphere. Further, migration in the piezo-electric element, occurring by setting the resistors of the bias resistor circuit to high resistance values, can be prevented.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 3 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, said amplifier circuit has a first non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying one voltage of said piezo-electric element, a second non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying the other voltage of said piezo-electric element, and a differential amplifier circuit for differentially amplifying outputs of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits; and said temperature compensation means is a single temperature compensation element for adjusting gains of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits. In the acceleration sensor of claim 4 having a connection with the composition of claim 3, said first non-inverting amplifier circuit has a first operational amplifier, one input terminal of the first operational amplifier being connected to one end of said piezo-electric element, and the other input terminal of the first operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier through a first resistor; said second non-inverting amplifier circuit has a second operational amplifier, one input terminal of the second operational amplifier being connected to the other end of said piezo-electric element, and the other input terminal of the second operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of the second operational amplifier through a second resistor; and said temperature compensation element is inserted between the other input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the other input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and decreases the gains of the first and second operational amplifiers when temperature rises and increases the gains when temperature drops. According to compositions like these, since the gains of the first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits are adjusted by the single temperature compensation element, decrement in the number of elements and simplification of circuit composition can be achieved.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 5 having a connection with the composition of claim 4, said first and second resistors are set so that a drop in voltage outputs of said piezo-electric element due to the parallel insertion of said capacitor to said piezo-electric element can be supplemented by the gains of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits. By this, since the drop in the voltage outputs of said piezo-electric element is supplemented, it is possible to obtain a desired sensor output.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 6 having a connection with the composition of claim 5, said differential amplifier circuit has an operational amplifier, one input terminal of the operational amplifier receiving the output of said second non-inverting amplifier circuit and the reference potential of said reference voltage circuit, and the other input terminal of the operational amplifier receiving the output of said first non-inverting amplifier circuit; and said reference voltage circuit has a reference voltage buffer amplifier for matching with output impedances of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits, and gives the reference potential to at least said differential amplifier circuit by way of the reference voltage buffer amplifier. By this, since a common mode rejection ratio of the differential amplifier circuit becomes large, an influence of offset voltage due to the gain increment of the first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits is suppressed by the differential amplifier circuit.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 7 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside is further included, an output terminal of said amplifier circuit is grounded through an output resistor, and the sensor output given from said amplifier circuit is output as current variations in said sensor power supply line. Because of this, it is not necessary to provide a signal line. Also, since it is not necessary to use a ground potential by car body grounding as a reference, noise prevention can be done more effectively.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 8 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside, a sensor output signal line for outputting the sensor output of said amplifier circuit, and a reference voltage signal line for outputting the reference potential of said reference voltage circuit are further included, and the sensor output given from said amplifier circuit is output as a voltage signal by means of said sensor output signal line and said reference voltage signal line. According to this, even when the voltage of the sensor power supply line fluctuates for some reason or other, since the sensor output of the amplifier circuit and the reference potential of the reference voltage circuit fluctuate together with the voltage of the sensor power supply line, the voltage fluctuation in the sensor power supply line can be cancelled.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 9 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, said amplifier circuit, which has an integrating function, differentially amplifies and integrates the voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, and gives an integrated differential amplification signal as the sensor output. In the acceleration sensor of claim 10 having a connection with the composition of claim 9, said amplifier circuit has a first non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying one voltage of said piezo-electric element, a second non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying the other voltage of said piezo-electric element, and a differential amplifier circuit for differentially amplifying outputs of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits, said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits and/or said differential amplifier circuit having the integrating function. In the acceleration sensor of claim 11 having a connection with the composition of claim 10, said first non-inverting amplifier circuit has a first operational amplifier, one input terminal of the first operational amplifier being connected to one end of said piezo-electric element, and the other input terminal of the first operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier through a parallel connection of a first resistor and a first capacitor; and said second non-inverting amplifier circuit has a second operational amplifier, one input terminal of the second operational amplifier being connected to the other end of said piezo-electric element, and the other input terminal of the second operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of the second operational amplifier through a parallel connection of a second resistor and a second capacitor. In the acceleration sensor of claim 12 having a connection with the composition of claim 10, said differential amplifier circuit has a third operational amplifier, one input terminal of the third operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of said second non-inverting amplifier circuit through a third resistor and being also connected to said reference voltage circuit through a parallel connection of a fourth resistor and a third capacitor, and the other input terminal of the third operational amplifier being connected to an output terminal of said first non-inverting amplifier circuit through a fifth resistor and being also connected to an output terminal of the third operational amplifier through a parallel connection of a sixth resistor and a fourth capacitor. According to compositions like these, since the integrated value of an acceleration is given as the sensor output, it is not necessary to execute an integration processing of the sensor output in a control unit receiving the sensor output. Because of this, a composition of the control unit can be simplified, and a processing speed of control can be risen.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 13 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, the acceleration sensor further comprises: a circuit base board, an acceleration sensor circuit which has said piezo-electric element, said amplifier circuit, said bias resistor circuit, said capacitor, said temperature compensation means and said reference voltage circuit being mounted on said circuit base board; a metallic shielding case having a container shape with an opened upper face, said circuit base board being fixed to the upper face of said shielding case so that a face of said circuit base board having the acceleration sensor circuit becomes inside said shielding case; and a plastic housing having a container chamber which houses said shielding case, wherein said shielding case is formed so that a width of said shielding case in acceleration detecting directions is a little larger than a width of the container chamber of said housing, and side walls of said shielding case meeting at right angle to the acceleration detecting directions pressure-contact with an inside face of said container chamber. According to a composition like this, since the side walls of the shielding case meeting at right angle to the acceleration detecting directions are in the pressure-contact with the container chamber of the housing, an acceleration is directly transmitted from the housing to the shielding case. Because of this, dispersion in a sensor performance due to dispersion in a gap between the shielding case and the container camber can be prevented.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 14 having a connection with the composition of claim 1, the acceleration sensor further comprises: a circuit base board, an acceleration sensor circuit which has said piezo-electric element, said amplifier circuit, said bias resistor circuit, said capacitor, said temperature compensation means and said reference voltage circuit being mounted on said circuit base board; and a plastic housing having a container chamber of which an inside face is covered with a metallic layer for shielding, wherein said circuit base board is fixed to an upper face of said container chamber so that a face of said circuit base board having the acceleration sensor circuit becomes inside said container chamber. According to this, since there is no need of using a metallic shielding case, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and weight of the acceleration sensor.
An acceleration sensor in claim 15 comprises: a piezo-electric element for detecting an acceleration; an amplifier circuit for inputting voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, for differentially amplifying and integrating the voltage outputs of both ends, and for outputting an integrated differential amplification signal; a bias resistor circuit provided at an input side of said amplifier circuit; a capacitor inserted in parallel with said piezo-electric element in order to lower a lower cut-off frequency without increasing resistance values of said bias resistor circuit; temperature compensation means for adjusting gain of said amplifier circuit so that an output-temperature characteristic of said piezo-electric element is compensated; a reference voltage circuit for giving a reference potential to said amplifier circuit and said bias resistor circuit; and at least one comparison circuit for inputting the integrated differential amplification signal of said amplifier circuit, for giving a comparison output based on the integrated differential amplification signal and a prescribed threshold value, and for giving the comparison output as a sensor output.
According to a composition like this, similarly to the acceleration sensor of claim 1, even when the acceleration sensor is provided in a place with extreme ambient temperature variations such that it directly receives heat from a vehicle engine, the sensor output of the acceleration sensor does not fluctuate by variations in ambient temperature. Also, the lower cut-off frequency can be lowered without increasing resistance values of the bias resistor circuit. Furthermore, according to the acceleration sensor in claim 15, since a collision signal is directly given by the comparison output, a composition of the control unit receiving the sensor output can be further simplified.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 16 having a connection with the composition of claim 15, a capacity of said capacitor is set so that resistors of said bias resistor circuit become values that can be used in a normal atmosphere and so that the lower cut-off frequency becomes a low value in which velocity variations can easily be detected. By this, the acceleration sensor can give a lower frequency component, and thereby the sensor output that facilitates a collision decision can be given. Also, it is not necessary to set resistors of the bias resistor circuit to such high resistance values that cannot be used in an ordinary atmosphere. Further, migration in the piezo-electric element, occurring by setting the resistors of the bias resistor circuit to high resistance values, can be prevented.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 17 having a connection with the composition of claim 15, said amplifier circuit has a first non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying one voltage of said piezo-electric element, a second non-inverting amplifier circuit for non-inversion amplifying the other voltage of said piezo-electric element, and a differential amplifier circuit for differentially amplifying outputs of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits, said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits and/or said differential amplifier circuit having the integrating function; and said temperature compensation means is a single temperature compensation element for adjusting gains of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits. According to these, since the gains of the first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits are adjusted by the single temperature compensation element, decrement in the number of elements and simplification of circuit composition can be achieved.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 18 having a connection with the composition of claim 17, the gains of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits are set so that a drop in voltage outputs of said piezo-electric element due to the parallel insertion of said capacitor to said piezo-electric element can be supplemented by the gains of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits. By this, since the drop in the voltage outputs of said piezo-electric element is supplemented, it is possible to obtain a desired sensor output.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 19 having a connection with the composition of claim 18, said reference voltage circuit has a reference voltage buffer amplifier for matching with output impedances of said first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits, and gives the reference potential to at least said differential amplifier circuit by way of the reference voltage buffer amplifier. By this, since a common mode rejection ratio of the differential amplifier circuit becomes large, an influence of offset voltage due to the gain increment of the first and second non-inverting amplifier circuits is suppressed by the differential amplifier circuit.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 20 having a connection with the composition of claim 15, said comparison circuit includes: a comparator for inputting the integrated differential amplification signal of said amplifier circuit and a constant voltage giving the threshold value, for giving a first level signal when the integrated differential amplification signal is below the threshold value, and for giving a second level signal when the integrated differential amplification signal exceeds the threshold value; and a chattering prevention circuit for providing the second level signal as feedback to an input side of said comparator receiving the integrated differential amplification signal when the integrated differential amplification signal exceeds the threshold value. According to this, since chattering of the comparator can be prevented without varying a reference voltage of a comparator, a circuit composition becomes simple.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 21 having a connection with the composition of claim 20, a first comparison circuit with a first threshold value and a second comparison circuit with a second threshold value different from the first threshold value are included as said comparison circuit, and a first and second comparison outputs are given as the sensor output based on comparison between the integrated differential amplification signal and the first and second threshold values. According to this, since a time interval between the first comparison output and the second comparison output becomes small under a high-speed collision and becomes large under a low-speed collision, it is possible to give the sensor output including information representative of an extent of collision. Because of this, it is possible to control an occupant protection device such as an airbag more exactly.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 22 having a connection with the composition of claim 20, a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside is further included, said comparison circuit includes a switching element inserted between said sensor power supply line and the ground, and said comparison output is output as current variations in said sensor power supply line by turning On/Off said switching element with said first and second level signals. Because of this, it is not necessary to provide a signal line. Also, since it is not necessary to use a ground potential by car body grounding as a reference, noise prevention can be done more effectively.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 23 having a connection with the composition of claim 15, the acceleration sensor further comprises: a circuit base board, an acceleration sensor circuit which has said piezo-electric element, said amplifier circuit, said bias resistor circuit, said capacitor, said temperature compensation means, said reference voltage circuit and said comparison circuit being mounted on said circuit base board; a metallic shielding case having a container shape with an opened upper face, said circuit base board being fixed to the upper face of said shielding case so that a face of said circuit base board having the acceleration sensor circuit becomes inside said shielding case; and a plastic housing having a container chamber which houses said shielding case, wherein said shielding case is formed so that a width of said shielding case in acceleration detecting directions is a little larger than a width of the container chamber of said housing, and side walls of said shielding case meeting at right angle to the acceleration detecting directions pressure-contact with an inside face of said container chamber. According to a composition like this, since the side walls of the shielding case meeting at right angle to the acceleration detecting directions are in the pressure-contact with the container chamber of the housing, an acceleration is directly transmitted from the housing to the shielding case. Because of this, dispersion in a sensor performance due to dispersion in a gap between the shielding case and the container camber can be prevented.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 24 having a connection with the composition of claim 15, the acceleration sensor further comprises: a circuit base board, an acceleration sensor circuit which has said piezo-electric element, said amplifier circuit, said bias resistor circuit, said capacitor, said temperature compensation means, said reference voltage circuit and said comparison circuit being mounted on said circuit base board; and a plastic housing having a container chamber of which an inside face is covered with a metallic layer for shielding, wherein said circuit base board is fixed to an upper face of said container chamber so that a face of said circuit base board having the acceleration sensor circuit becomes inside said container chamber. According to this, since there is no need of using a metallic shielding case, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and weight of the acceleration sensor.
In the acceleration sensor of claim 25 having a connection with the composition of claim 13 or 14 or 23 or 24, a metallic layer for shielding is formed on a face opposite to the face of said circuit base board having the acceleration sensor circuit. According to this, electromagnetic interference can be prevented more effectively.
An acceleration detecting system in claim 26 comprises: an acceleration sensor provided in a front part of a vehicle, said acceleration sensor having a piezo-electric element for detecting an acceleration, an amplifier circuit for inputting voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, and for giving a differential amplification signal, which is obtained by differentially amplifying the voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, as a sensor output, bias resistor circuit provided at an input side of said amplifier circuit, a capacitor inserted in parallel with said piezo-electric element in order to lower a lower cut-off frequency without increasing resistance values of said bias resistor circuit, temperature compensation means for adjusting gain of said amplifier circuit so that an output-temperature characteristic of said piezo-electric element is compensated, reference voltage circuit for giving a reference potential to said amplifier circuit and said bias resistor circuit, and a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside, said acceleration sensor outputting the sensor output given from said amplifier circuit as current variations in said sensor power supply line; a transmission cable of which one end is connected to said sensor power supply line; and a receiving circuit, being provided in a room of the vehicle, being connected to the other end of said transmission cable, and having a unit power supply line which supplies the constant voltage to said sensor power supply line, said receiving circuit receiving the sensor output of said acceleration sensor by detecting current variations in said unit power supply line.
According to a composition like this, the acceleration sensor is provided in the front part of the vehicle, and the sensor output of the acceleration sensor is received by the receiving circuit provided in the vehicle room. Since the acceleration sensor is provided in the vehicle front, even when a collision acceleration transmitted to a floor tunnel in the vehicle room is weakened, it is possible to detect the collision acceleration quickly. Also, since the sensor output of the acceleration sensor is given as the current variations in the power supply line to the receiving circuit, there is no need of providing a signal line, and thereby simplification of a composition can be achieved. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to use a ground potential by car body grounding as a reference, noise prevention can be done more effectively.
In the acceleration detecting system of claim 27 having a connection with the composition of claim 26, said amplifier circuit of said acceleration sensor, which has an integrating function, differentially amplifies and integrates the voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, and gives an integrated differential amplification signal as the sensor output. According to a composition like this, since an integrated value of an acceleration is given as the sensor output, it is not necessary to execute an integration processing of the sensor output in a control unit receiving the sensor output. Because of this, a composition of the control unit can be simplified, and a processing speed can be risen.
An acceleration detecting system in claim 28 comprises: an acceleration sensor provided in a front part of a vehicle, said acceleration sensor having a piezo-electric element for detecting an acceleration, an amplifier circuit for inputting voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, for differentially amplifying and integrating the voltage outputs of both ends, and for outputting an integrated differential amplification signal, a bias resistor circuit provided at an input side of said amplifier circuit, a capacitor inserted in parallel with said piezo-electric element in order to lower a lower cut-off frequency without increasing resistance values of said bias resistor circuit, temperature compensation means for adjusting gain of said amplifier circuit so that an output-temperature characteristic of said piezo-electric element is compensated, a reference voltage circuit for giving a reference potential to said amplifier circuit and said bias resistor circuit, at least one comparison circuit for inputting the integrated differential amplification signal of said amplifier circuit, for giving a comparison output based on the integrated differential amplification signal and a prescribed threshold value, and for giving the comparison output as a sensor output, and a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside, said acceleration sensor outputting the sensor output given from said comparison circuit as current variations in said sensor power supply line; a transmission cable of which one end is connected to said sensor power supply line; and a receiving circuit, being provided in a room of the vehicle, being connected to the other end of said transmission cable, and having a unit power supply line which supplies the constant voltage to said sensor power supply line, said receiving circuit receiving the sensor output of said acceleration sensor by detecting current variations in said unit power supply line.
According to a composition like this, similarly to the acceleration detecting system of claim 26, even when the collision acceleration transmitted to the floor tunnel in the vehicle room is weakened, it is possible to detect the collision acceleration quickly. Also, there is no need of providing a signal line, and it is not necessary to use a ground potential by car body grounding as a reference. Furthermore, according to the acceleration detecting system of claim 28, since a collision signal is directly given by the comparison output, a composition of the control unit in which the receiving circuit is provided can be further simplified.
In the acceleration detecting system of claim 29 having a connection with the composition of claim 26 or 27 or 28, said receiving circuit has: a current mirror circuit, inserted between said unit power supply line and said transmission cable, for giving a current output according to the current variations due to the sensor output of said acceleration sensor; and a detection resistor, inserted between an output side of said current mirror circuit and the ground, for outputting a voltage signal according to the current output of said current mirror circuit.
In the acceleration detecting system of claim 30 having a connection with the composition of claim 26 or 27 or 28, said receiving circuit has: a transistor, at its base being connected through a first resistor to said unit power supply line and being also connected to said transmission cable, and at its emitter being connected through a second resistor to said unit power supply line, said transistor giving a collector current according to the current variations due to the sensor output of said acceleration sensor; and a detection resistor, inserted between a collector of said transistor and the ground, for outputting a voltage signal according to the collector current of said transistor.
In the acceleration detecting system of claim 31 having a connection with the composition of claim 26 or 27 or 28, said receiving circuit has: a resistor, at its one end being connected to said transmission cable, and at its the other end being connected to said unit power supply line; a constant-current circuit, when a current flowing through said resistor varies by the sensor output of said acceleration sensor, for giving a current output according to variations of the current flowing through said resistor; and a detection resistor, inserted between an output side of said constant-current circuit and the ground, for outputting a voltage signal according to the current output of said constant-current circuit.
An acceleration detecting system in claim 32 comprises: an acceleration sensor provided in a front part of a vehicle, said acceleration sensor having a piezo-electric element for detecting an acceleration, an amplifier circuit for inputting voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, and for giving a differential amplification signal, which is obtained by differentially amplifying the voltage outputs of both ends of said piezo-electric element, as a sensor output, a bias resistor circuit provided at an input side of said amplifier circuit, a capacitor inserted in parallel with said piezo-electric element in order to lower a lower cut-off frequency without increasing resistance values of said bias resistor circuit, temperature compensation means for adjusting gain of said amplifier circuit so that an output-temperature characteristic of said piezo-electric element is compensated, a reference voltage circuit for giving a reference potential to said amplifier circuit and said bias resistor circuit, a sensor power supply line to which a constant voltage is supplied from outside, a sensor output signal line for outputting the sensor output of said amplifier circuit, and a reference voltage signal line for outputting the reference potential of said reference voltage circuit; a transmission cable of which one end is connected to said sensor power supply line, said sensor output signal line and said reference voltage signal line; and a receiving circuit, being provided in a room of the vehicle, being connected to the other end of said transmission cable, and having a unit power supply line which supplies the constant voltage to said sensor power supply line, said receiving circuit receiving the sensor output of said acceleration sensor by differentially amplifying the sensor output of said acceleration sensor and the reference potential.
According to a composition like this, similarly to the acceleration detecting system of claim 26, even when the collision acceleration transmitted to the floor tunnel in the vehicle room is weakened, it is possible to detect the collision acceleration quickly. Furthermore, according to the acceleration detecting system of claim 32, even when the voltage of the sensor power supply line fluctuates for some reason or other, since the sensor output of the amplifier circuit and the reference potential of the reference voltage circuit fluctuate together with the voltage of the sensor power supply line, the voltage fluctuation in the sensor power supply line is cancelled by the differential amplification of the receiving circuit. |
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
"regexp"
"runtime"
"strings"
"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
term "github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2/terminal"
"github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3"
"github.com/fatih/color"
"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/terminal"
)
func max(x, y int) int {
if x > y {
return x
}
return y
}
func padRight(str string, length int) string {
if len(str) >= length {
return str
}
return str + strings.Repeat(" ", length-len(str))
}
func formatName(module Module, length int) string {
c := color.New(color.FgWhite).SprintFunc()
from := module.from
to := module.to
if from.Minor() != to.Minor() {
c = color.New(color.FgYellow).SprintFunc()
}
if from.Patch() != to.Patch() {
c = color.New(color.FgGreen).SprintFunc()
}
if from.Prerelease() != to.Prerelease() {
c = color.New(color.FgRed).SprintFunc()
}
return c(padRight(module.name, length))
}
func formatFrom(from *semver.Version, length int) string {
c := color.New(color.FgBlue).SprintFunc()
return c(padRight(from.String(), length))
}
func formatTo(module Module) string {
green := color.New(color.FgGreen).SprintFunc()
var buf bytes.Buffer
from := module.from
to := module.to
same := true
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%d.", to.Major())
if from.Minor() == to.Minor() {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%d.", to.Minor())
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s%s", green(to.Minor()), green("."))
same = false
}
if from.Patch() == to.Patch() && same {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%d", to.Patch())
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s", green(to.Patch()))
same = false
}
if to.Prerelease() != "" {
if from.Prerelease() == to.Prerelease() && same {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "-%s", to.Prerelease())
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "-%s", green(to.Prerelease()))
}
}
if to.Metadata() != "" {
fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s%s", green("+"), green(to.Metadata()))
}
return buf.String()
}
type Module struct {
name string
from *semver.Version
to *semver.Version
}
func discover() ([]Module, error) {
fmt.Println("Discovering modules...")
goversion := strings.TrimPrefix(runtime.Version(), "go")
version, err := semver.NewVersion(string(goversion))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
args := []string{"list", "-u"}
if version.Major() == 1 && version.Minor() >= 14 {
args = append(args, "-mod=mod")
}
args = append(args, []string{"-f", "'{{if (and (not (or .Main .Indirect)) .Update)}}{{.Path}}: {{.Version}} -> {{.Update.Version}}{{end}}'", "-m", "all"}...)
list, err := exec.Command("go", args...).Output()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
split := strings.Split(string(list), "\n")
modules := []Module{}
re := regexp.MustCompile(`'(.+): (.+) -> (.+)'`)
for _, x := range split {
if x != "''" && x != "" {
matched := re.FindStringSubmatch(x)
from, _ := semver.NewVersion(matched[2])
to, _ := semver.NewVersion(matched[3])
d := Module{
name: matched[1],
from: from,
to: to,
}
modules = append(modules, d)
}
}
return modules, nil
}
func choose(modules []Module) []Module {
maxName := 0
maxFrom := 0
maxTo := 0
for _, x := range modules {
maxName = max(maxName, len(x.name))
maxFrom = max(maxFrom, len(x.from.String()))
maxTo = max(maxTo, len(x.to.String()))
}
fd := int(os.Stdout.Fd())
termWidth, _, err := terminal.GetSize(fd)
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Error while getting terminal size %v\n", err)
}
options := []string{}
for _, x := range modules {
from := ""
// Only show from when the terminal width is big enough
// As there is a bug in survey when the terminal overflows
// https://github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/issues/101
if termWidth > maxName+maxFrom+maxTo+11 {
from = formatFrom(x.from, maxFrom)
}
options = append(options, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s -> %s", formatName(x, maxName), from, formatTo(x)))
}
prompt := &survey.MultiSelect{
Message: "Choose which modules to update",
Options: options,
PageSize: 10,
}
choice := []int{}
err = survey.AskOne(prompt, &choice)
if err == term.InterruptErr {
fmt.Println("Bye")
os.Exit(0)
} else if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
updates := []Module{}
for _, x := range choice {
updates = append(updates, modules[x])
}
return updates
}
func update(modules []Module) {
for _, x := range modules {
fmt.Fprintf(color.Output, "Updating %s to version %s...\n", formatName(x, len(x.name)), formatTo(x))
out, err := exec.Command("go", "get", x.name).CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Error while updating %s: %s\n", x.name, string(out))
}
}
}
func main() {
modules, err := discover()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if len(modules) > 0 {
modules = choose(modules)
update(modules)
} else {
fmt.Println("All modules are up to date")
}
}
|
Introduction {#sec1_1}
============
The incidence of pregnancy-associated cancer is relatively low, complicating 0.02--0.1% of all pregnancies \[[@B1]\]. The most common tumors diagnosed during pregnancy are breast cancer, cervical cancer, melanoma, and leukemias/lymphomas. Lung, gastrointestinal, urological and other malignancies are rarely observed \[[@B2]\]. Cancer of the rectum is a very rare disease during pregnancy, with an incidence of 1:50,000 to 1:100,000 pregnancies. However, mainly in industrialized countries where the incidence of pregnancies in advanced ages is increasing, obstetricians should be vigilant of this disease \[[@B3]\].
We present a case of a young primiparous woman who had a quick and bad evolution of an adenocarcinoma of the rectum diagnosed during pregnancy. In this case, we present the clinical, radiological and pathology findings of this disease.
Case Report {#sec1_2}
===========
A 17-year-old primiparous woman was admitted to our service with fever (38°C), abdominal pain, weakness and recent weight loss of 5 kg. At general physical exam, she was discolored (+/+4), eupneic and anicteric. Her weight was 66 kg, and she reported a weight of 58 kg before pregnancy. The abdomen was distended and with evident vascularization (**fig. [1a](#F1){ref-type="fig"}**). The liver was enlarged, hardened and several nodules were observed. Soft edema (Godet sign) was present in the lower members (fig. [1b](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). The obstetric exam showed a fundal height of 14.0 cm and a fetal heart rate of 144 beats per minute. The laboratory exams showed Hb/Ht of 12.7 g/dl/38%, fasting glucose of 89 mg/dl, α-fetoprotein of 75.25 ng/dl and carcinoembryonic antigen of 4,487 ng/ml. She was hospitalized, and T2-sequence magnetic resonance imaging in the coronal plane was performed, which revealed an enlarged liver, with several nodules with central hypersignal, suggestive of metastasis (**fig. [2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}**). The obstetrical scan evidenced a unique and topic pregnancy with the fetus presenting biometric parameters of 21 weeks. The fetus showed no malformations, the amniotic fluid volume was normal and the estimated fetal weight was 411 g. The patient progressed to vomiting blood, and there was also blood in her stool. The liver biopsy confirmed infiltration by adenocarcinoma with several metastases (**fig. [3a](#F3){ref-type="fig"}**). The sigmoidoscopy evidenced an ulcerative-vegetative lesion 10.0 cm from the anal verge; the biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma of the rectum (fig. [3b](#F3){ref-type="fig"}). The patient evolved with significant abdominal pain, hypotension and cardiopulmonary arrest. Death occurred two weeks after hospitalization. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectum with liver metastases.
Discussion {#sec1_3}
==========
During pregnancy a woman\'s body undergoes physiological changes that may make the diagnosis of several cancers more challenging \[[@B4]\]. Cancer of the rectum presents with different patterns of development; in some cases it is insidious and in others it quickly progresses. In our case the adenocarcinoma of the rectum led to a fulminant outcome, with the patient dying two weeks after diagnosis. It is not clear if the pregnancy can modify the course of this disease. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectum during pregnancy usually occurs in an advanced stage, and the clinical signs are rectal bleeding, transit disorder with alternating diarrhea and constipation, meteorism, abdominal pain or anemia \[[@B5]\]. These symptoms usually are confused with the physiological modifications during pregnancy or hemorrhoid disease. In our case the patient had rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. The vomiting of blood probably occurred due to hepatic involvement. The treatment of cancer of the rectum during pregnancy depends on staging and some other parameters such as location, size and period of the pregnancy (first or second half). Surgery during pregnancy involves the risk of bleeding and miscarriage if done before 14 weeks \[[@B6]\]. Chemotherapy can be started during the second or third trimester without increased risk of fetal loss or malformation \[[@B7]\]. Radiotherapy is not possible during pregnancy because of the risk of lethal fetal malformation, and it should be delayed until after labor. Another risk of radiotherapy in young women is castration \[[@B8]\].
In summary, we presented a case of a fulminant outcome of adenocarcinoma of the rectum in a young pregnant woman. New studies are necessary to assess if the pregnancy induces changes in the course of this type of cancer.
{#F1}
{#F2}
{#F3}
|
Cafè del Teatre de l'Escorxador
Cafè del Teatre de l'Escorxador, or Cafè del Teatre for short, is a concert venue in Lleida (Catalonia, Spain) opened as an addition to the Teatre Municipal de l'Escorxador. Its address is Carrer de Roca Labrador 4 bis. Among its recurrent events are Cafècurt, monthly short-film screening sessions, some activities of the Lleida Latin-American Film Festival, jam sessions and other live shows, especially jazz-oriented music and rock.
See also
Culture in Lleida
External links
Official website
Official Facebook page
Official Twitter
Category:Culture in Lleida
Category:Buildings and structures in Lleida
Category:Theatres in Catalonia |
Self-sustaining pathological processes in skin psoriasis.
Clinical findings suggest that an etiological factor of skin psoriasis (SPs) is of nervous origin. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is the most probable candidate for such a factor since VIP is the only neurotransmitter the extracellular level of which increases during SPs exacerbation and decreases in remission. VIP released from skin nerves induces keratinocyte hyperproliferation, angiogenesis, vasodilation, and other SPs-associated cutaneous pathological processes. These can go on over a prolonged period since (1) once released, VIP induces its own further secretion; (2) VIP induces release of interleukin-6 (IL6) that evokes both its own further release and release of VIP. Thereby, a vicious circle-type mechanism perpetuating and amplifying VIP secretion can function in the focuses of psoriatic damage. The mechanism described operates still more intensively under the effects of parathyroid hormone, aldosterone, and enkephalin, the blood levels of which are elevated in patients with SPs. The above explains such features of SPs as its association with human immunodeficiency virus infection, mental stress, alcohol consumption, smoking, and dependence of SPs on skin pigmentation. |
Donald Trump trounced his rivals in the Nevada caucuses on Tuesday, notching his third consecutive victory and giving the Manhattan mogul even more momentum heading into Super Tuesday next week, when voters in a dozen states will cast their ballots.
Trump’s decisive win, which the Associated Press announced immediately after polls closed, was propelled by an electorate even more enraged than the ones that had swept him to wins in New Hampshire and South Carolina, and a second-place showing in Iowa.
Story Continued Below
"We love Nevada. We love Nevada,” Trump declared in his victory speech. "You're going to be proud of your president and you're going to be even prouder of your country."
For the first time in the 2016 primary season, media entrance polls showed that a majority of voters, 57 percent of Nevada caucus-goers, said they were "angry" with the federal government.
And, as significantly, they want to bring in an outsider to fix it. More than three in five caucus-goers said they favor someone from outside the political establishment rather than a candidate with political experience as president.
The outcome was bad news for Marco Rubio, who is now 0 for 4 in the February contests, and Ted Cruz, who won the Iowa caucuses but finished a disappointing third in South Carolina on Saturday.
Those two senators continued to vie for the crucial mantle of the best candidate to eventually take down Trump. With 100 percent of precincts reporting, Trump finished first with a whopping 46 percent of the vote, with Rubio and Cruz trailing far behind. Rubio came in second with 24 percent of the vote, while Cruz finished third with a little more than 21 percent.
Rubio skipped an election-night speech, while an exhausted-looking Cruz proclaimed himself the only legitimate alternative to Trump.
"The only campaign that has beaten Donald Trump and the only campaign that can beat Donald Trump is this campaign,” Cruz told supporters.
Stopping Trump now looks like a steeper proposition after he trampled Rubio and Cruz on Tuesday, scoring huge wins across nearly every cross-section of the Republican Party. Entrance polls show Trump won moderate voters and very conservative voters by huge margins. He won in rural and urban areas, and among voters with only high school diplomas and those with post-graduate degrees.
Trump even handily bested Cruz among his supposed base of evangelical Christians, and, though the sample was small, topped his two Cuban-American opponents among Hispanic caucus-goers.
Trump reveled in the details. "I love the evangelicals!” he yelled. "Number one with Hispanics,” he bragged.
And he pointedly called out the home states of his remaining rivals — Texas for Cruz, Florida for Rubio and Ohio for John Kasich — as places he now leads in the polls and will win in the coming weeks.
“It’s going to be an amazing two months,” he said. "We might not even need the two months to be honest, folks."
Indeed, it's not clear where anyone can next beat Trump, though Cruz looked ahead to Texas, which votes on March 1, in his speech.
"I cannot wait to get home to the great state of Texas,” he said.
Cruz and Rubio now face a political calendar that plays even more to Trump’s strengths: massive made-for-TV rallies and free national media coverage, with a dozen states voting in only seven days.
Kasich, who finished in last place on Tuesday night, continued to insist he was in the race to stay. His chief strategist, John Weaver, released a memo after the race was called, taking aim at Rubio, Kasich's rival for the mantle of establishment favorite.
"Contrary to what his campaign is trying to portray, Senator Rubio just endured another disappointing performance despite being the highest spending candidate in Nevada," the memo read. "Republicans are now left to wonder whether investing in Marco Rubio is throwing good money after bad."
Cruz, who was neck-and-neck with Rubio in early returns, also said the Florida senator underperformed.
"Marco Rubio started working early and put a significant amount of resources into making Nevada the one early state he could win," Cruz's campaign wrote in a statement. "But despite the hype, Rubio still failed to beat Donald Trump."
Low turnout put a particular premium on early organizing, in which both Rubio and Cruz quietly invested. Cruz had the backing of the state’s Republican attorney general, Adam Laxalt, and made appeals to Nevada’s rural voters with a television ad highlighting his opposition to the fact that the federal government controls 85 percent of the state’s land. (Kasich targeted the same issue in TV ads, as well.)
Rubio, meanwhile, tried to connect with Nevada voters from his time living there as a child in the late 1970s and early 1980s, telling audiences about how his father worked as a bartender at Sam's Town and his mother as a maid at the Imperial Palace. (He still has numerous cousins in the state.) Rubio’s family’s dabbled with Mormonism during those years and Rubio hoped an active Mormon political network that lifted Mitt Romney to a landslide win, with 50 percent of the vote, would turn out for him.
But it didn't happen.
Stumping in rural Nevada on caucus day, Trump continued to boast of his strong poll numbers in states coming up on the voting calendar. He warned supporters to be wary of “dishonest stuff” from Cruz, whom he dubbed a "baby" and a "liar." |
CRAFT (complete reduction to amplitude frequency table)--robust and time-efficient Bayesian approach for quantitative mixture analysis by NMR.
The intrinsic quantitative nature of NMR is increasingly exploited in areas ranging from complex mixture analysis (as in metabolomics and reaction monitoring) to quality assurance/control. Complex NMR spectra are more common than not, and therefore, extraction of quantitative information generally involves significant prior knowledge and/or operator interaction to characterize resonances of interest. Moreover, in most NMR-based metabolomic experiments, the signals from metabolites are normally present as a mixture of overlapping resonances, making quantification difficult. Time-domain Bayesian approaches have been reported to be better than conventional frequency-domain analysis at identifying subtle changes in signal amplitude. We discuss an approach that exploits Bayesian analysis to achieve a complete reduction to amplitude frequency table (CRAFT) in an automated and time-efficient fashion - thus converting the time-domain FID to a frequency-amplitude table. CRAFT uses a two-step approach to FID analysis. First, the FID is digitally filtered and downsampled to several sub FIDs, and secondly, these sub FIDs are then modeled as sums of decaying sinusoids using the Bayesian approach. CRAFT tables can be used for further data mining of quantitative information using fingerprint chemical shifts of compounds of interest and/or statistical analysis of modulation of chemical quantity in a biological study (metabolomics) or process study (reaction monitoring) or quality assurance/control. The basic principles behind this approach as well as results to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in mixture analysis are presented. |
export { default } from './LoadingScreen';
|
package org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.section.main.view.popup.macpool;
import java.util.List;
import org.gwtbootstrap3.client.ui.Container;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.businessentities.MacPool;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.MainTableResources;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.system.ClientStorage;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.widget.table.SimpleActionTable;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.widget.table.column.AbstractImageResourceColumn;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.widget.table.column.AbstractTextColumn;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.common.widget.uicommon.permissions.PermissionListModelTable;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.uicommonweb.models.configure.PermissionListModel;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.uicommonweb.models.macpool.SharedMacPoolListModel;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.ApplicationConstants;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.ApplicationResources;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.gin.AssetProvider;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.uicommon.model.PermissionModelProvider;
import org.ovirt.engine.ui.webadmin.uicommon.model.SharedMacPoolModelProvider;
import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT;
import com.google.gwt.dom.client.Style.Unit;
import com.google.gwt.event.shared.EventBus;
import com.google.gwt.resources.client.ImageResource;
import com.google.gwt.uibinder.client.UiBinder;
import com.google.gwt.uibinder.client.UiField;
import com.google.gwt.user.cellview.client.DataGrid.Resources;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Composite;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.FlowPanel;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.ResizeLayoutPanel;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.SplitLayoutPanel;
import com.google.inject.Inject;
public class SharedMacPoolView extends Composite {
interface ViewUiBinder extends UiBinder<Container, SharedMacPoolView> {
ViewUiBinder uiBinder = GWT.create(ViewUiBinder.class);
}
@UiField
SplitLayoutPanel splitLayoutPanel;
@UiField
FlowPanel macPoolPanel;
@UiField
ResizeLayoutPanel macPoolResizePanel;
@UiField
ResizeLayoutPanel authorizationPanel;
private final PermissionModelProvider<MacPool, SharedMacPoolListModel> permissionModelProvider;
private final SharedMacPoolModelProvider sharedMacPoolModelProvider;
private final EventBus eventBus;
private final ClientStorage clientStorage;
private static final ApplicationResources resources = AssetProvider.getResources();
private static final ApplicationConstants constants = AssetProvider.getConstants();
private SimpleActionTable<Void, MacPool> macPoolTable;
@Inject
public SharedMacPoolView(final EventBus eventBus, final ClientStorage clientStorage,
SharedMacPoolModelProvider sharedMacPoolModelProvider,
PermissionModelProvider<MacPool, SharedMacPoolListModel> permissionModelProvider,
final SharedMacPoolActionPanelPresenterWidget actionPanel) {
this.eventBus = eventBus;
this.clientStorage = clientStorage;
this.sharedMacPoolModelProvider = sharedMacPoolModelProvider;
this.permissionModelProvider = permissionModelProvider;
initWidget(ViewUiBinder.uiBinder.createAndBindUi(this));
macPoolPanel.add(actionPanel);
macPoolPanel.add(createMacPoolTable());
final PermissionListModelTable<MacPool, PermissionListModel<MacPool>> authorizationTable =
new PermissionListModelTable<>(permissionModelProvider, eventBus, null, clientStorage);
authorizationTable.initTable();
authorizationTable.getTable().getSelectionModel().addSelectionChangeHandler(event ->
permissionModelProvider.setSelectedItems(authorizationTable.getTable().getSelectedItems()));
authorizationPanel.add(authorizationTable);
authorizationPanel.addResizeHandler(e -> {
// Set the height of the table to the height of the container - the height of the action panel -
// the height of the table controls.
macPoolTable.table.setHeight(macPoolPanel.getOffsetHeight()
- actionPanel.asWidget().getOffsetHeight()
- macPoolTable.getTableControlsHeight() + Unit.PX.getType());
// Set the height of the table to the height of the container - the height of the table controls.
authorizationTable.getTable().table.setHeight(e.getHeight()
- authorizationTable.getTable().getTableControlsHeight()
+ Unit.PX.getType());
});
setupAuthorizationPanelVisibility(false);
}
private void setupAuthorizationPanelVisibility(boolean visible) {
splitLayoutPanel.clear();
if (visible) {
splitLayoutPanel.addSouth(authorizationPanel, 150);
}
splitLayoutPanel.add(macPoolPanel);
}
private SimpleActionTable<Void, MacPool> createMacPoolTable() {
macPoolTable =
new SimpleActionTable<>(sharedMacPoolModelProvider,
getTableResources(),
eventBus,
clientStorage);
macPoolTable.addColumn(new AbstractImageResourceColumn<MacPool>() {
@Override
public ImageResource getValue(MacPool macPool) {
return macPool.isDefaultPool() ? resources.lockImage() : null;
}
}, constants.empty(), "20px"); //$NON-NLS-1$
macPoolTable.addColumn(new AbstractTextColumn<MacPool>() {
@Override
public String getValue(MacPool macPool) {
return macPool.getName();
}
}, constants.configureMacPoolNameColumn(), "100px"); //$NON-NLS-1$
macPoolTable.addColumn(new AbstractTextColumn<MacPool>() {
@Override
public String getValue(MacPool macPool) {
return macPool.getDescription();
}
}, constants.configureMacPoolDescriptionColumn(), "300px"); //$NON-NLS-1$
macPoolTable.getSelectionModel().addSelectionChangeHandler(event -> {
final List<MacPool> selectedItems = macPoolTable.getSelectedItems();
sharedMacPoolModelProvider.setSelectedItems(selectedItems);
final PermissionListModel<MacPool> model = permissionModelProvider.getModel();
if (selectedItems.size() == 1) {
model.setEntity(selectedItems.get(0));
setupAuthorizationPanelVisibility(true);
} else {
model.setEntity(null);
setupAuthorizationPanelVisibility(false);
}
});
return macPoolTable;
}
protected Resources getTableResources() {
return (Resources) GWT.create(MainTableResources.class);
}
}
|
[Comparison of friction force between Lock-loose bracket and traditional bracket].
Frictions of Lock-loose brackets with ligated main wings or all six wings were measured as they slid along archwires in dry and artificial saliva environments. The Lock-loose brackets were then compared with traditional brackets and self-ligating brackets. The surface states of the stainless steel archwires were observed with atomic force microscopy before and after mechanical traction. The Lock-loose brackets, traditional brackets, and self-ligating brackets used in this study were composed of 0.406 4 and 0.457 2 mm stainless steel round archwires and 0.457 2 mm x 0.634 9 mm and 0.482 6 mm x 0.634 9 mm stainless steel rectangular archwires. Two different ligating methods were applied to the Lock-loose brackets, i.e., main wings ligated and all six wings ligated. Frictions were measured by using an electronic universal testing machine. No significant differences were found between the roughness of different archwires before and after mechanical traction in different brackets (P > 0.05). When the main wings of the Lock-loose brackets were ligated, the frictions of the four different stainless steel archwires were close to zero, and the difference with frictions of traditional brackets was significant (P < 0.05). When using 0.457 2 mm x 0.634 9 mm rectangular archwires, maximum friction (P < 0.05; significantly different from those of other brackets) was reached when all six wings of the Lock-loose brackets were ligated. Frictions in the dry state were higher than those in the wet state (P < 0.05). The Lock-loose brackets can adjust the friction efficiently with different ligating methods, thus solving the problem of low friction and strengthening anchorage. |
ULaw keeps good company as a lord replaces a dame as chancellor
The University of Law in London has appointed another high profile chancellor as its second-ever chancellor. The school’s ceo welcomed the ‘inpirational’ former UK supreme court president Lord Neuberger, who stepped down from the bench last year and last November joined One Essex Court as a commercial arbitrator.
Figurehead
ULaw has confirmed Lord Neuberger’s new role will be as a figurehead for the law school, and offers professional and academic insight as an expert in the legal world. Lord Neuberger, more formally The Right Honourable The Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury, succeeds Dame Fiona Woolf who was appointed as inaugural Chancellor in 2013, a year after the College of Law gained university status in 2012. Dame Fiona was a former Lord Mayor of London and President of the Law Society of England and Wales. A celebration event to formally welcome Lord Neuberger into his new role at ULaw will be held later in the year.
Inspirational
Professor Andrea Nollent, vice-chancellor and ceo of ULaw, said ‘I am honoured to welcome Lord Neuberger as our Chancellor. His exceptional experience and exemplary career will provide inspiration to our students.’ She added, ‘the University of Law is delighted to benefit from the tremendous knowledge and experience that Lord Neuberger has developed and applied throughout his career. We are also deeply grateful to Dame Fiona Woolf for her inspiration and guidance over the last five years. At The University of Law we are wholly committed to improving and broadening outcomes for our students, through our academic offer and expert leadership. Under Lord Neuberger’s chancellorship, we will further develop our position within the education sector to benefit both our students and our professional partners.’ |
Horwood PF, Karlsson EA, Horm SV, et al. Circulation and characterization of seasonal influenza viruses in Cambodia, 2012‐2015. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2019;13:465--476. 10.1111/irv.12647
1. BACKGROUND {#irv12647-sec-0006}
=============
Influenza viruses belong to the *Orthomyxoviridae* family of enveloped, segmented negative‐stranded RNA viruses. Currently, four antigenically distinct influenza viruses are responsible for human seasonal influenza infections, including two subtypes of influenza A \[A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2)\] and two lineages of influenza B (B/Yamagata and B/Victoria). Influenza is responsible for a large proportion of human morbidity and mortality as a result of infections worldwide. Annual influenza infections are estimated to result in approximately 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness globally,[1](#irv12647-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"} and 290 000 to 650 000 deaths.[2](#irv12647-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}
Seasonal influenza epidemics occur every year in temperate regions during the winter months[3](#irv12647-bib-0003){ref-type="ref"}: November to March/April in the northern hemisphere and May to September in the southern hemisphere.[4](#irv12647-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, [5](#irv12647-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"} Influenza seasonality is more variable in tropical/subtropical regions where circulation can be observed year‐round, although activity is often more intense during rainy seasons.[6](#irv12647-bib-0006){ref-type="ref"} In addition, influenza activity is punctuated by occasional pandemics arising from the introduction of novel influenza A viruses into human circulation. These pandemics can significantly increase morbidity and mortality worldwide, with major economic impacts.[7](#irv12647-bib-0007){ref-type="ref"}
We have previously described the circulation and seasonality of influenza viruses in Cambodia during six consecutive years (2006‐2011) following the establishment of the Cambodian National Influenza Centre (NIC) in 2006.[8](#irv12647-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [10](#irv12647-bib-0010){ref-type="ref"} These previous data demonstrated a peak in influenza circulation during the rainy season from June to November, which is consistent with influenza circulation in the southern hemisphere. However, year‐round circulation was also described, characteristic of influenza seasonality in tropical/subtropical regions, including some other Southeast Asian countries.[11](#irv12647-bib-0011){ref-type="ref"}, [12](#irv12647-bib-0012){ref-type="ref"} This current study furthers our understanding of influenza in Cambodia and describes the seasonal circulation, genetic and antigenic diversity, and antiviral drug susceptibility analyses of influenza viruses in Cambodia during four consecutive years (2012‐2015).
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS {#irv12647-sec-0007}
========================
2.1. Ethical statement {#irv12647-sec-0008}
----------------------
The Cambodian ILI surveillance system is a public health activity managed by the Ministry of Health in Cambodia and has a standing authorization from the National Ethics Committee for Human Research. Samples and patient information were anonymized for the purpose of this surveillance.
2.2. Geographic background {#irv12647-sec-0009}
--------------------------
Cambodia is a tropical climate country in Southeast Asia with more than 15.5 million people, situated in the southwestern part of the Indochina peninsula and sharing international borders with Thailand and Laos on the West and North, and Vietnam on the East and Southeast.[13](#irv12647-bib-0013){ref-type="ref"} The country is affected by the Asian monsoon and is mostly hot and humid with a mean temperature of 27ºC and mean relative humidity of 77.5%. Similar to other subtropical/tropical areas, Cambodia has two distinct seasons: the dry season, which generally runs from November to April; and the rainy season, which starts in May‐June and ends in October‐November.
2.3. ILI surveillance system in Cambodia {#irv12647-sec-0010}
----------------------------------------
The Cambodian National Influenza Center (NIC) was established in August 2006 at the Institute Pasteur in Cambodia (IPC). It is a joint collaboration between IPC, the Communicable Disease Control Department of the Ministry of Health (CDC/MoH), and the World Health Organization (WHO) office in Cambodia for documenting the dynamics of influenza disease and conducting virological characterization of circulating influenza strains.
An outpatient sentinel surveillance system for influenza‐like illness (ILI) with a weekly reporting and sampling scheme was established. Six ILI sentinel surveillance sites were operated in the referral hospitals of Kampong Cham (Eastern Cambodia), Mondulkiri (Eastern Cambodia), Svay Rieng (Southeast Cambodia), and Kampot (Southwest Cambodia) Provinces; and in a children\'s hospital in Siem Reap (northwestern Cambodia) and in the national pediatric hospital in Phnom Penh (capital city of Cambodia) by the CDC/MoH in collaboration with the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH), with assistance from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO Cambodia. The Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS) operated an additional five sentinel sites in northwestern Cambodia: Thmor Kol Health Center (Battambang Province), Ta Sahn Health Center (Battambang Province), Anlong Veng Referral Hospital (Oddar Meanchey Province), Banteay Meanchey Health Center (Banteay Meanchey Province), and Preah Punlea Health Centre (Pailin Province). The 11 hospital sites included in the Cambodian outpatient surveillance system for ILI are presented in Figure [1](#irv12647-fig-0001){ref-type="fig"}.
{#irv12647-fig-0001}
The case definition for ILI was defined as previously described by WHO: sudden onset of fever (≥38ºC axillary temperature) and cough or sore throat in the absence of other diagnosis.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [14](#irv12647-bib-0014){ref-type="ref"}
2.4. Specimen collection {#irv12647-sec-0011}
------------------------
Between January 2012 and December 2015, specimens and surveillance data were collected from a subset of outpatients presenting with ILI at sentinel surveillance sites. During 2012, ILI samples were collected as described previously.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"} Starting in 2013 (and continuing through 2015), primary testing was shifted to the NIPH and AFRIMS laboratories, with the NIC concentrating on reference center activities. As such, during 2013‐2015 all ILI samples were first screened by the laboratories at NIPH or AFRIMS and then influenza‐positive samples (plus \~30% negative samples for quality control testing) were forwarded to the NIC for confirmation and viral characterization.
2.5. Laboratory methods {#irv12647-sec-0012}
-----------------------
At the NIC, viral RNA was extracted using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, CA, USA) and amplified using real‐time RT‐PCR to detect influenza A and B viruses using standard protocols. Influenza A viruses were subsequently subtyped using subtype‐specific real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) assays targeting H1pdm, H1, H3, H5, H7, N1pdm, N1, and N2 genes.[8](#irv12647-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"} All influenza primers were sourced from the International Reagent Resource (<https://www.internationalreagentresource.org/Home.aspx>).
Influenza viruses were isolated at the IPC laboratory by inoculation of the specimens that tested positive by real‐time RT‐PCR onto Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells in an enhanced biosafety level 2 laboratory.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"} The influenza isolates were characterized by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) using reference antigens and anti‐sera provided by the WHO Collaborating Center (WHOCC) for Reference and Research on Influenza in Melbourne, Australia. A representative number of influenza isolates were sent each year to the WHOCC in Melbourne for confirmation and further analysis, including antiviral testing and partial or full genome sequencing of representative viruses.
2.6. Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis {#irv12647-sec-0013}
------------------------------------------------
Viral RNA extracted from MDCK supernatant was used to sequence the HA gene of all influenza isolates at the NIC laboratory using Sanger sequencing. At the WHOCC (Melbourne), a single‐reaction, multiplex RT‐PCR method that amplifies the HA, NA, and M genomic segments of seasonal influenza A and B viruses for next‐generation sequencing was used, as previously described.[15](#irv12647-bib-0015){ref-type="ref"} Nucleotide sequences from the coding regions of the HA genes of A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and influenza B viruses were aligned using the Mafft multiple aligner V1.3.7 in the Geneious V10.0.9 software package ([www.geneious.com](http://www.geneious.com)). Sequences originating from Cambodia, surrounding countries, and representative reference sequences were downloaded from the EpiFlu™ Database ([www.gisaid.org](http://www.gisaid.org)). Maximum likelihood trees were estimated using PhyML 3.0[16](#irv12647-bib-0016){ref-type="ref"} with 1000 bootstrap replicates using the ATGC server (<http://www.atgc-montpellier.fr/phyml/execution>). The most appropriate nucleotide substitution method determined for each data set was the GTR + G model.
The complete matrix gene was sequenced from representative influenza A viruses using previously described methods,[15](#irv12647-bib-0015){ref-type="ref"} to ascertain the presence of mutations (eg, Ser31Asn) associated with resistance to the adamantine class of inhibitors.
2.7. Nucleotide sequence accession numbers {#irv12647-sec-0014}
------------------------------------------
All Cambodian influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and influenza B viral sequences included in the analysis were submitted to the EpiFlu™ Database, and all of these sequences are available via the GISAID website (<https://www.gisaid.org/>). Table [S1](#irv12647-sup-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"} provides detailed information about all of the Cambodian isolates and sequences analyzed in this study.
2.8. Antiviral susceptibility testing {#irv12647-sec-0015}
-------------------------------------
All influenza isolates sent each year to the WHOCC in Melbourne were analyzed for neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor susceptibility testing using an enzyme inhibition assay utilizing the fluorescent substrate MUNANA as described previously.[17](#irv12647-bib-0017){ref-type="ref"} The concentration of drug required to inhibit 50% of the NA activity (IC50) was calculated using the non‐linear curve fitting function in the GraphPad Prism 4 package (GraphPad Software). The average IC~50~ (nM) (± standard deviation) of two independent determinations was calculated for each virus. Outliers of more than two standard deviations from the overall mean were retested twice.[18](#irv12647-bib-0018){ref-type="ref"} Antiviral susceptibility was classified according to the guidelines from the WHO working group on surveillance of influenza antiviral susceptibility.[18](#irv12647-bib-0018){ref-type="ref"}
2.9. Statistical analysis {#irv12647-sec-0016}
-------------------------
The comparisons between percentages and two means were tested by chi‐squared (χ^2^) and Student\'s t test, respectively. A p value \< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Proportions, means, and all statistical analyses were performed using STATA 9.0 (Statacorp).
3. RESULTS {#irv12647-sec-0017}
==========
3.1. Influenza activity in Cambodia {#irv12647-sec-0018}
-----------------------------------
During 2012‐2015, 3,222 specimens were submitted to the Cambodian NIC and analyzed as part of the ILI surveillance system (Table [1](#irv12647-tbl-0001){ref-type="table"}). Influenza virus was detected in 1,238 samples during this period: 324 in 2012, 335 in 2013, 263 in 2014, and 316 in 2015. Influenza A viruses (n = 856, 69.1%) were detected more frequently than influenza B viruses (n = 382, 30.9%). A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses constituted 20.1% (n = 172) and 79.9% (n = 684) of influenza A virus subtypes detected, respectively.
######
The detection and isolation of influenza viruses associated with influenza‐like illness (ILI) in Cambodia during 2012‐2015
Samples received by NIC Influenza‐positive samples Successful influenza isolation[a](#irv12647-note-0001){ref-type="fn"}, [b](#irv12647-note-0002){ref-type="fn"} Isolates sent to WHO CC
------- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----
2012 1907[c](#irv12647-note-0003){ref-type="fn"} 26 218 80 324 6 88 50 0 37 1
2013 467 91 24 220 335 63 9 154 55 7 51
2014 404 36 212 15 263 33 174 11 11 30 3
2015 444 19 230 67 316 13 123 61 7 21 10
Total 3222 172 684 382 1238 115 194 276 73 95 65
Influenza viruses were isolated in Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.
Virus isolation was only attempted on samples with high viral load, as determined by RT‐qPCR CT values.
During 2012 first‐line screening was conducted by the National Influenza Centre (NIC).
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Co‐circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and influenza B viruses were detected across all four years, with A(H3N2) being the dominant subtype in 2012, 2014, and 2015; and influenza B the dominant virus in 2013. Both lineages of influenza B virus, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, were detected across all four years, except in 2013 where only the B/Yamagata‐lineage was detected. From 2012 to 2015, influenza seasonality varied, with peak circulation occurring from September to December in 2012 and 2013; and from May to August in 2014 and 2015 (Figure [2](#irv12647-fig-0002){ref-type="fig"}).
{#irv12647-fig-0002}
Of the samples tested, the average age of influenza patients was 8.8 years (range, 4 days to 77 years) and 55.2% were male. The age and gender distribution of each year and across the four testing years (2012‐2015) for influenza patients are presented in Table [S2](#irv12647-sup-0002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}.
3.2. Antigenic analysis {#irv12647-sec-0019}
-----------------------
Generally, Cambodian seasonal influenza virus isolates matched the southern hemisphere trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIIV) formulations during the relevant year they were released (Table [2](#irv12647-tbl-0002){ref-type="table"}). Antigenic analysis revealed that all of the A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates circulating in Cambodia during 2012‐2015 belonged to the A/California/7/2009(H1N1)‐like group. Mismatches occurred in 2012 when an A/Perth/16/2009(H3N2)‐like virus was included in both of the northern and southern hemisphere TIIVs, but A/Victoria/361/2011(H3N2)‐like viruses were the dominant circulating strains; also in 2012, a B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like virus was included in both of the northern and southern hemisphere TIIVs, but B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like was the dominant strain; in 2014, the northern hemisphere formulation of TIIVs included an A/Victoria/361/2011(H3N2)‐like virus, but the dominant strain in Cambodia was A/Texas/50/2012(H3N2)‐like (which matched the southern hemisphere formulation); in 2015, an A/Texas/50/2012(H3N2)‐like virus was included in the northern hemisphere formulation of TIIVs, but A/Switzerland/9715293/2013(H3N2)‐like viruses were the dominant strains (which matched the southern hemisphere formulation); also in 2015, a B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like was included in the northern hemisphere formulations of TIIVs, but the dominant circulating viruses were B/Phuket/3073/2013‐like (which matched the southern hemisphere formulation).
######
The seasonal influenza strains circulating in Cambodia (2012‐2015) compared to the strains included in the WHO‐recommended vaccine formulations for trivalent influenza vaccines; viruses in bold indicate where the dominant Cambodian strain matched the vaccine strain
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Virus Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine strains Cambodian circulating strains[b](#irv12647-note-0005){ref-type="fn"}\
(proportion of Cambodian isolates)
------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
2012 A/H1N1pdm09 **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like (100%)**
A/H3N2 A/Perth/16/2009‐like A/Perth/16/2009‐like A/Victoria/361/2011‐like (91%) A/Perth/16/2009‐like (9%)
Influenza B B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like (70%)\
B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like (30%)
2013 A/H1N1pdm09 **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like (100%)**
A/H3N2 **A/Victoria/361/2011‐like** **A/Victoria/361/2011‐like** **A/Victoria/361/2011‐like (100%)**
Influenza B **B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like** **B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like** **B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like (52%)**\
B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like (43%)\
B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like (5%)
2014 A/H1N1pdm09 **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like (100%)**
A/H3N2 A/Victoria/361/2011‐like **A/Texas/50/2012‐like** **A/Texas/50/2012‐like (69%)**\
A/Victoria/361/2011‐like (30%)\
A/Switzerland/9715293/2013‐like (1%)
Influenza B **B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like** **B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like** **B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like (100%)**
2015 A/H1N1pdm09 **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like** **A/California/7/2009‐like (100%)**
A/H3N2 A/Texas/50/2012‐like **A/Switzerland/9715293/2013‐like** **A/Switzerland/9715293/2013‐like** (76%)\
A/Hong Kong/4801/2014‐like (24%)
Influenza B B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like **B/Phuket/3073/2013‐like** **B/Phuket/3073/2013‐like (96%)**\
B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like (4%)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Northern Hemisphere vaccination periods occur mid‐year that is 2012 (2011/2012); 2013 (2012/2013); 2014 (2013/2014); 2015 (2014/2015).
B/Brisbane/60/2008‐like viruses belong to the B/Victoria /7/87 lineage. B/Wisconsin/1/2010‐like viruses, B/Massachusetts/2/2012‐like viruses, and B/Phuket/3073/2013‐like viruses belong to the B/Yamagata/16/88 lineage.
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
3.3. Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility analysis {#irv12647-sec-0020}
----------------------------------------------------
A total of 148 A(H3N2), 73 A(H1N1)pdm09, and 83 influenza B viruses were tested for susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir. The analysis demonstrated that all of the tested isolates were sensitive to both drugs (Table [S4](#irv12647-sup-0004){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Full NA gene sequences were also generated for 68 A(H3N2), 25 A(H1N1)pdm09, and 48 influenza B viruses and confirmed that none contained mutations associated with NA inhibitor resistance (Table [S3](#irv12647-sup-0003){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
3.4. Sequence analysis of the matrix gene for mutations associated with amantadine resistance {#irv12647-sec-0021}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sequencing of the matrix gene was completed for representative A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 27) and A(H3N2) (n = 66) viruses from 2012 to 2015. Sequence analysis showed that all of the Cambodian isolates contained an amino acid change from serine to asparagine at position 31 (Ser31Asn) in the M2 protein, which is associated with resistance to the adamantine class of inhibitors (Tables [S4](#irv12647-sup-0004){ref-type="supplementary-material"} and [S5](#irv12647-sup-0005){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of A(H1N1)PDm09 Isolates {#irv12647-sec-0022}
---------------------------------------------------
Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene sequences was carried out for 70 representative Cambodian A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates from 2012 to 2015 (Figure [3](#irv12647-fig-0003){ref-type="fig"}; GISAID accession numbers are listed in Table [S1](#irv12647-sup-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The HA sequences for clade reference strains (A/Darwin/56/2013, A/Michigan/45/2015, and A/South Australia/22/2015) and the vaccine strain (A/California/07/2009) were also included in the phylogenetic analysis. All Cambodian A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates clustered with clade 6B.1 viruses, except one isolate (A/Cambodia/W1101376/2012) which was isolated in 2012 and grouped with the reference strain A/Darwin/56/2013 in clade 6B.2. Interestingly, three Cambodian A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates from 2015 were grouped with the reference strain A/Michigan/45/2015 from clade 6B.1. All specific amino acid changes corresponding to each group of viruses are indicated in Figure [3](#irv12647-fig-0003){ref-type="fig"}.
{#irv12647-fig-0003}
3.6. Phylogenetic analysis of A(H3N2) isolates {#irv12647-sec-0023}
----------------------------------------------
Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene sequences was carried out for 108 representative A(H3N2) isolates from 2012 to 2015 in Cambodia. Additional reference sequences corresponding to vaccine candidate strains and A(H3N2) clade reference strains were included in the analysis. HA sequences of the A(H3N2) viruses isolated during the four consecutive seasons fell into four distinct clusters corresponding with each new influenza season (Figure [4](#irv12647-fig-0004){ref-type="fig"}; GISAID accession numbers are listed in Table [S1](#irv12647-sup-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}): clade 3C.1 contained the majority of isolates from 2012; clade 3C.3b contained two viruses isolated in 2013 (A/Cambodia/X0828305/2013 and A/Cambodia/X0906313/2013) and some isolates from 2014; clade 3C.3a contained most of the isolates obtained in 2014; and clade 3C.2a contained two isolates from 2012 (A/Cambodia/W1023355/2012 and A/Cambodia/W0718409/2012), some isolates from 2013, two isolates from 2014 (A/Cambodia/Y1204313/2014 and A/Cambodia/Y1218307/2014), and all isolates obtained in 2015. The viruses in clade 3C.1 were closely related to the vaccine strain A/Texas/50/2012. The two isolates from 2013 and some isolates from 2014 that belonged to clade 3C.3b contained four more mutations compared to clade 3C.1. The Cambodian A(H3N2) viruses isolated in 2014 diverged into two clades. Some of the 2014 viruses belonged to clade 3C.3b with the reference A/Newcastle/22/2014 strain; however, the majority of isolates from 2014 were grouped with the vaccine strain A/Switzerland/9715293/2013, clade 3C.3a. The Cambodian A(H3N2) isolates belonging to clade 3C.2a were represented by the reference strain A/New Caledonia/104/2014 and the vaccine strain A/Hong Kong/4801/2014. All specific amino acid changes corresponding to each clade are indicated in Figure [4](#irv12647-fig-0004){ref-type="fig"}.
{#irv12647-fig-0004}
3.7. Phylogenetic analysis of influenza B isolates {#irv12647-sec-0024}
--------------------------------------------------
Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene sequences was carried out for 56 representative Cambodian influenza B isolates from 2012 to 2015 (Figure [5](#irv12647-fig-0005){ref-type="fig"}; GISAID accession numbers and listed in Table [S1](#irv12647-sup-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The Cambodian influenza B viruses were compared to the reference strains for B/Yamagata (B/Wisconsin/01/2010, B/Massachusetts/02/2012, and B/Phuket/3073/2013), and B/Victoria (B/Brisbane/60/2008) lineages. During this period, the majority of influenza B viruses circulating in Cambodia belonged to the B/Yamagata‐lineage. However, Cambodian influenza B isolates belonging to the B/Victoria‐lineage were also detected in 2012, 2013, and 2015. All of the Cambodian B/Victoria‐lineage strains clustered with B/Brisbane/46/2015 (clade V1.A). Two subgroups emerged within the Cambodian B/Yamagata‐lineage. One subgroup (B/Yamagata‐lineage, clade Y2), with most of the Cambodian isolates collected in 2013 and three isolates from 2014, was closely related to the vaccine strain B/Massachusetts/02/2012. The other subgroup of Cambodian influenza B/Yamagata‐lineage grouped with the vaccine strain B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Yamagata‐lineage, clade Y3), which included some of the isolates collected in 2014 and almost all isolates from 2015. All specific amino acid changes corresponding to each group of viruses are indicated in Figure [5](#irv12647-fig-0005){ref-type="fig"}.
{#irv12647-fig-0005}
4. DISCUSSION {#irv12647-sec-0025}
=============
During the surveillance period (2012‐2015), influenza circulation was dominated by A(H3N2), comprising 55% of the viruses detected, followed by influenza B (31%; predominantly B/Yamagata‐lineage) and A(H1N1)pdm09 (14%). These figures closely reflect influenza virus circulation during this period in the WHO Western Pacific Region, where A(H3N2) (51%), influenza B (32%), and A(H1N1)pdm09 (17%) were detected in similar proportions.[19](#irv12647-bib-0019){ref-type="ref"}
Previous surveillance of influenza circulation in Cambodia from 2006‐2011[8](#irv12647-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [10](#irv12647-bib-0010){ref-type="ref"} revealed a consistent peak during the Cambodian rainy season from June to November, which broadly coincided with peak influenza circulation in the southern hemisphere. However, year‐round co‐circulation of multiple influenza subtypes reflected a similar pattern observed in many tropical countries. Hence, the Cambodian pattern of influenza transmission was postulated as intermediate between the temperate southern hemisphere and tropical countries.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"} These general patterns were repeated in 2012‐2015. However, an earlier peak in influenza circulation was observed in 2014 (April‐August) and 2015 (June‐September), which coincided with the circulation of the clade 3C.2a and 3C.3a A(H3N2) viruses, the dominant viruses in these seasons, respectively. An unusual, earlier peak in seasonal influenza circulation, associated with A(H3N2) clade 3C.2a, was also observed in South Korea during 2016‐2017.[20](#irv12647-bib-0020){ref-type="ref"} There was also some evidence of bimodal circulation during 2014‐2015, particularly in 2015 when a second peak in influenza circulation was noted during October‐December, linked with an increase in influenza B cases. In all years included in the study, except 2014, influenza B viruses were primarily detected at the end of the influenza season, as influenza A cases were starting to wane. This pattern of influenza B circulation has previously been noted in Cambodia and other countries globally.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [21](#irv12647-bib-0021){ref-type="ref"} Seasonal influenza vaccination is not widespread in Cambodia, but considering the co‐circulation of both influenza B lineages in most years since surveillance began in 2006,[8](#irv12647-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"} and the frequent mismatch between strains included in the TIIVs and the most dominant circulating influenza B lineage, the introduction of the quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine might be worthwhile, especially in young children, as this covers both lineages of influenza B virus and both subtypes of seasonal influenza A viruses.[22](#irv12647-bib-0022){ref-type="ref"}
Antigenic characterization of Cambodian influenza isolates from 2012 to 2015 largely corresponded with the southern and northern hemisphere vaccine formulations. Vaccination for seasonal influenza is still rare in Cambodia, with vaccines generally only available through private clinics.[9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [23](#irv12647-bib-0023){ref-type="ref"} Future policies for the introduction of seasonal vaccination in Cambodia will be aided by the distinct seasonality of influenza circulation, which is unusual for a tropical country, and should be aligned with a vaccination program mirroring the WHO southern hemisphere vaccination formulation timetable with vaccinations ideally taking place in March‐April. Recent introduction of seasonal alert thresholds in Cambodia[24](#irv12647-bib-0024){ref-type="ref"} using the "WHO method"[25](#irv12647-bib-0025){ref-type="ref"} will also help to refine the ideal vaccination timing.
There was no detection of seasonal influenza isolates with resistance to the commonly used antivirals oseltamivir and zanamivir in Cambodia during 2012‐2015. These antivirals are generally not used in Cambodia during seasonal influenza infections, so resistance is unlikely to be affected by domestic antiviral use. Following the widespread reporting of adamantane resistance in A(H3N2) strains from 2005 and the emergence of the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus (which was already adamantane‐resistant), this antiviral is no longer recommended for use.[26](#irv12647-bib-0026){ref-type="ref"}, [27](#irv12647-bib-0027){ref-type="ref"} Sequence analysis of the matrix gene from representative Cambodian isolates suggested that resistance to adamantanes is common, as all isolates obtained during this period contained the Ser31Asn mutation in the M2 protein. This situation is still reflected currently with most isolates globally being resistant,[27](#irv12647-bib-0027){ref-type="ref"} despite the almost complete cessation in the use of adamantanes.
Samples from patients with ILI were collected through two different surveillance systems (managed by the NIPH and AFRIMS laboratories), leading to limitations in the analyses presented in this paper. However, any possible biases in the representativeness of viruses are likely countered by the large number of samples collected throughout the surveillance period and the large number of sentinel sites, covering most of the country. Individual patient data are compiled at the national level by the Cambodian Ministry of Health and was not analyzed by the Cambodian NIC. As such, epidemiological information such as disease severity and infection rates could not be included in these analyses. The large number of influenza‐positive samples (n = 1,238) received by the NIC during this period meant that only representative isolates could be included for genetic and antigenic characterization, meaning that some isolates with interesting characteristics could have been missed. Despite these limitations, we believe that the results are representative of the circulation and genetic/antigenic/antiviral characteristics of seasonal influenza strains in Cambodia during 2012‐2015.
Our data concur with the findings from previous studies describing the seasonal circulation of influenza viruses in Cambodia with year‐round co‐circulation of multiple influenza subtypes.[8](#irv12647-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#irv12647-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [10](#irv12647-bib-0010){ref-type="ref"}, [24](#irv12647-bib-0024){ref-type="ref"} Influenza viruses detected in Cambodia continued to be susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir, but resistance to adamantanes was still universal in influenza A viruses. Antigenically, there was considerable drift in the A(H3N2) viruses and some in the influenza B viruses (B/Yamagata‐lineage viruses more than B/Victoria‐lineage viruses) during 2012‐2015, but little change in A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Seasonal influenza surveillance has been strengthened in Cambodia since being established in 2006 and continues to contribute to our knowledge of the regional and global circulation of seasonal influenza strains.
5. DISCLAIMER {#irv12647-sec-0026}
=============
Material has been reviewed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the author and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. The investigators have adhered to the policies for protection of human subjects as prescribed in AR 70--25.
Supporting information
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The study was funded by the World Health Organization office in Cambodia. The authors gratefully acknowledge the staff from the participating hospitals, laboratories, and Cambodian Ministry of Health for contributing to the Cambodian ILI sentinel surveillance System. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funding for samples collected by AFRIMS was provided by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC).
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Donald Clarke
Whingeing about cinema and real life since 2009
Early Oscar Shocker!
Look away now if you find the whole Oscar business unimaginably tedious. Two years after the Academy stunned analysts by increasing the number of best picture nominations from five to 10, that body has made another, even odder change to …
Donald Clarke
Donald
Fri, Jun 17, 2011, 14:20
Look away now if you find the whole Oscar business unimaginably tedious. Two years after the Academy stunned analysts by increasing the number of best picture nominations from five to 10, that body has made another, even odder change to the rules. Next year, there could be as few as five nominees or as many as 10. The notion seems to be that all films that receive more than five percent of first preferences will — up to a maximum of 10 — be shortlisted for the big prize. (Unless, of course, fewer than five manage that feat. In which case, I assume, they just include the top five.) Have you got that?
Initially suspicious, I think that increasing the nominees to 10 has actually worked out quite nicely. It was good to see movies such as Winter’s Bone and A Serious Man make it into the (longer) short-list. Even if those films had little chance of winning, they added class to the big party.
The Academy appears to think differently. Most boffins believe that the plan is to weed out the also rans. According to The Envelope, The LA Times’s awards blog: “Some skeptics said that the number 10 was misleading since some films had little to no chance of actually winning. Tuesday’s news, then, seems designed to eliminate films that are nominated just to fill out the field of 10.”
Huh? Surely, it has always been the case that films with no chance made it into the nominees enclosure. Could Nicholas and Alexandra have won in 1971. Ghost in 1990? What about Sounder in 1972? You can play this game yourself.
It all reminds me of taking exams in the Trinity College maths department during the 1980s. In those days — maybe it hasn’t changed — you weren’t told how many questions you had to answer. The unfortunate mathematician attempted as many as possible and then, after seeing how well the student body had done, the examiners would decide how many to grade out of. Oscar-watchers will encounter similar problems when trying to guess the nominees for next year’s big prize. This year, we got all 10 right. In 2012, we may need to read the entrails of chickens to repeat that result. |
Elastic behavior of a semiflexible polymer in 3D subject to compression and stretching forces.
We elucidate the elastic behavior of a wormlike chain in 3D under compression and provide exact solutions for the experimentally accessible force-extension relation in terms of generalized spheroidal wave functions. In striking contrast to the classical Euler buckling instability, the force-extension relation of a clamped semiflexible polymer exhibits a smooth crossover from an almost stretched to a buckled configuration. In particular, the associated susceptibility, which measures the strength of the response of the polymer to the applied force, displays a prominent peak in the vicinity of the critical Euler buckling force. For increasing persistence length, the force-extension relation and the susceptibility of semiflexible polymers approach the behavior of a classical rod, whereas thermal fluctuations permit more flexible polymers to resist the applied force. Furthermore, we find that semiflexible polymers confined to 2D can oppose the applied force more strongly than in 3D. |
Q:
T-SQL throw error if length is not equals
I am trying to make a stored procedure for SQL Server 2016 to insert MD5 hashes to a table. I would like to check the length of the input, so I can throw an error if the hash is not 32 (or 34 characters).
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.usp_insert_imagestore
@HashStr NVARCHAR(MAX),
@NewId BIGINT OUT
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF LEFT(@HashStr, 2) = '0x'
BEGIN
IF LEN(@HashStr) <> 34
BEGIN
;THROW 50001, 'The HASH string must be a valid MD5 HASH!', 1;
END
ELSE
IF LEN(@HashStr) <> 32
BEGIN
;THROW 50002, 'The HASH string must be a valid MD5 HASH!', 1;
END
END
...
END
GO
The problem here is the error massages won't activate, even If I specify less or more then 32 or 34 characters. What am I missing?
The code calling in SSMS is
DECLARE @NewId bigint
EXECUTE [dbo].[usp_insert_imagestore]
'7815696ECBF1C96E6894B779456D330E000000000000000000000000'
,@NewId OUTPUT
GO
select * from ImageStore;
This should raise an error, shouldn't it?
A:
Your ELSE will "fire" when your @HashStr starts with 0x and length of this variable is equal to 34. You have to change code to this:
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.usp_insert_imagestore
@HashStr NVARCHAR(MAX),
@NewId BIGINT OUT
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF LEFT(@HashStr, 2) = '0x'
BEGIN
IF LEN(@HashStr) <> 34
BEGIN
;THROW 50001, 'The HASH string must be a valid MD5 HASH!', 1;
END
END /*<-- Add this*/
ELSE
BEGIN /*<-- Add this*/
IF LEN(@HashStr) <> 32
BEGIN
;THROW 50002, 'The HASH string must be a valid MD5 HASH!', 1;
END
END
...
END
GO
|
817 S.W.2d 128 (1991)
BIODYNAMICS, INC., American Biodynamics, Inc., and John B. Hargiss, Appellants,
v.
Weldon S. GUEST, Appellee.
No. B14-91-0521-CV.
Court of Appeals of Texas, Houston (14th Dist.).
September 19, 1991.
Rehearing Denied October 17, 1991.
*129 James A. Porter, Robert D. Topping, Houston, for appellants.
J. Eugene Clements, Cheri Duncan, Houston, for appellee.
Before PRESSLER, JUNELL and ELLIS, JJ.
OPINION
JUNELL, Justice.
This is an interlocutory appeal of a temporary injunction entered in favor of Weldon Guest. The underlying lawsuit arises from a struggle for control of American Biodynamics, Inc. ("ABI"), a British Columbian corporation. Biodynamics, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABI. John Hargiss is the president of ABI. The injunction required appellants to postpone the annual meeting of ABI's shareholders until additional proxy materials, including a different slate of directors, could be submitted to the shareholders. In three points of error appellants claim the trial court abused its discretion in issuing the injunction. We affirm.
Guest was a member of the board of directors of ABI until 1990 and he owns 15.7% of ABI's stock. In November, 1989, he submitted a requisition for a general meeting of shareholders. The purpose of that meeting was to vote on the removal of John Hargiss and Robert and Lois Matthews as directors of ABI. The meeting was scheduled for April 30, 1990. Appellants and Guest agreed that appellants' attorneys would cooperate with Guest and his attorney to prepare a proxy statement for the meeting.
Without Guest's knowledge, appellants filed and distributed a proxy statement on March 6, 1990, which did not include Guest's proposals. Guest sought a temporary injunction to prevent appellants from conducting the shareholders meeting until a corrected proxy including his proposals was mailed to all shareholders. After receiving notice of the hearing on Guest's application for temporary injunction, and before the hearing could be held in the trial court, appellants removed the case to federal court. The removal took place approximately two weeks before the scheduled shareholders meeting. The 1990 shareholders meeting took place as scheduled, without Guest's proposals.
In November, 1990, the United States District Court remanded the case back to the state district court. Guest again tried to work with appellants concerning submission of his proposals to the shareholders and preparation of the proxy statement. Appellants, in April, 1991, mailed a proxy statement to all shareholders, again not including Guest's proposals. Guest then filed a request for temporary injunction in the trial court requesting: (1) Hargiss, the Matthews, and ABI be enjoined from conducting the shareholders meeting on May 24, 1991 or any other date until a proxy statement with Guest's proposals could be mailed to the shareholders; (2) no voting of proxies received from the proxy solicitation mailed in April, 1991; and (3) that Hargiss not be permitted to vote 67,600 shares, which belong to Guest.
ABI's annual shareholders meeting was scheduled for May 24, 1991. The trial *130 court granted Guest's request for temporary injunction and ordered the meeting postponed to no later than July 31, 1991. Because that date passed before we could hear this appeal, the trial court modified its order postponing the meeting to no later than October 1, 1991. The meeting is currently scheduled for September 25, 1991. The proxy materials, including Guest's proposed slate of directors for management of the company, have been mailed to the shareholders. In two points of error appellants claim the trial court erred in issuing the temporary injunction because it exceeds the relief requested and is contrary to the undisputed evidence. In a third point of error appellants claim the trial court abused its discretion in setting the bond for the temporary injunction at $500.
An order granting a temporary injunction must be upheld on appeal unless the appellant shows the trial court clearly abused its discretion. State v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 526 S.W.2d 526, 528 (Tex. 1975). If the original petition alleges a cause of action and the party seeking the injunction presents evidence tending to sustain that cause of action, there is no abuse of discretion by the trial court in issuing the temporary injunction. Walker v. Race, 612 S.W.2d 685, 686 (Tex.Civ. App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1981, no writ). The trial court does not abuse its discretion when it bases its decision on conflicting evidence. United Interests v. Sabel's TV. Service, Inc., 698 S.W.2d 170, 172 (Tex. App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1985, no writ).
In their first point of error appellants claim the trial court abused its discretion in issuing the temporary injunction because the order exceeded the relief requested by Guest. The trial court ordered appellants to refrain from holding the meeting scheduled for May 24, 1991, from continuing to solicit proxies mailed prior to the date of the order, and from voting any proxies obtained by the proxy solicitation conducted for the May 24, 1991 meeting. The order further required appellants to comply with sixteen specific directives concerning the shareholders meeting and the proxy solicitation. Appellants complain that fifteen of those items were not specifically requested by Guest in his petition for temporary injunction.
Each of the items complained of by appellants are necessary to give full effect to the injunction that was sought. The provisions require appellants to comply with United States or Canadian securities laws in conducting the rescheduled meeting and distributing the revised proxy statements. The order further prevents appellants and their agents or representatives from obstructing compliance with the appropriate securities laws and disseminating any false or misleading information in connection with the proxy solicitation. The purpose of a temporary injunction is to preserve the status quo of the subject matter of the suit pending final trial of the case on the merits. Keystone Life Ins. Co. v. Marketing Management, Inc., 687 S.W.2d 89, 90 (Tex.AppDallas 1985, no writ). We find nothing in the trial court's order that was not necessary to preserve the status quo or to give full effect to the injunction that was sought. Appellants' first point of error is overruled.
In their second point of error appellants claim the trial court abused its discretion in setting the amount of the bond at $500. Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 684 provides that, before granting a temporary injunction, the trial court shall require the applicant to post a bond in the sum fixed by the judge payable to the adverse party. The purpose of the bond is to secure payment to the party against whom the injunction is granted in the amount of damages that party would suffer if the injunction is subsequently dissolved. Westside Airways, Inc. v. JR Aircraft Corp., 694 S.W.2d 100, 104 (Tex.App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1985, no writ).
A temporary injunction issued without a bond is void. Whitlow v. Policy, 670 S.W.2d 318, 319 (Tex.App.Tyler 1984, no writ). The failure to require a bond in a sufficient amount, however, does not render an injunction void. El Paso Development Co. v. Berryman, 729 S.W.2d 883, 888 (Tex.App.Corpus Christi 1987, no writ).
*131 In advancing their point of error, appellants point to evidence that the cost of holding a second meeting would range from $5,000 to $20,000. They argue that a bond of $500 is insufficient to protect them from damages and costs they would suffer if the injunction was erroneously granted. A trial court has considerable discretion in setting the amount of bond for a temporary injunction. Id. at 888. The evidence here is conflicting on the potential damages to be suffered by appellants in holding a second meeting. There is nothing in the record to show that the bond is clearly insufficient. Appellants' second point of error is overruled.
In their third point of error appellants claim the trial court abused its discretion in granting the temporary injunction because the relief granted is contrary to the undisputed evidence. For Guest to prevail on his application for the issuance of a temporary injunction, he must (1) plead a cause of action, (2) prove a probable right to relief in a final trial, and (3) prove a probable injury in the interim. Sun Oil Co. v. Wkitaker, 424 S.W.2d 216, 218 (Tex. 1968); Dresser Industries, Inc. v. Forscan Corp., 641 S.W.2d 311, 314 (Tex.App. Houston [14th Dist.] 1982, no writ).
Here, Guest pled causes of action for breach of the contract concerning the proxy solicitation and fraud concerning the proxy solicitation, among others. At the hearing on temporary injunction, Guest testified that he orally agreed with representatives of appellants that their lawyers and his lawyers would cooperate on a proxy solicitation, containing Guest's proposals, to be sent to the shareholders prior to the 1990 annual meeting. When appellants distributed proxy materials without Guest's proposals, Guest filed suit requesting a temporary injunction. Appellants removed that case to federal court before the hearing could be held in the trial court. The 1990 shareholders meeting took place without Guest's proposals being submitted to the shareholders.
After Guest's suit was remanded to state court, Guest again attempted to work with appellants and their representatives to prepare a proxy statement. Prior to the 1991 annual meeting, appellants again mailed a proxy statement to the shareholders that did not include Guest's proposals. That evidence shows a probable right to relief in a final trial of Guest's breach of contract and fraud causes of action.
The evidence further showed that Guest would probably suffer injury if the injunction were not granted. Appellants had already disseminated the proxy materials to the shareholders without Guest's proposals, and the shareholders would vote their shares at an annua] meeting without the benefit of being able to choose between appellants' proposals and Guest's proposals.
Appellants argue that Guest's breach of contract action is meritless because his agreement referred only to the 1990 shareholders meeting and not the 1991 meeting. Appellants argue that, because Guest did not submit his proposals at the 1990 meeting, he has no contract with regard to the 1991 meeting. In their arguments, appellants ignore the fact that their actions were responsible for Guest's proposals not being submitted to the shareholders in 1990. We find that Guest met the requirements necessary to prove his entitlement to a temporary injunction. Appellants' third point of error is overruled.
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
|
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About CSC in Shangus, Anantnag - Various services have been provided by CSC in Shangus, Anantnag. You can visit your nearest CSC for any service like Aadhar Card Registration, Aadhar Enrollment, E-Aadhar Letter Download & Print, various insurance services, Passport, LIC, E-Nagrik & E- District Services like Birth & Death Certificate at Shangus, Anantnag. The other services also may be provided like Ration Card Application Form, Pension, NIOS Registration, PAN Card etc. at your Local CSC Center in Shangus, Anantnag of Jammu and Kashmir State. |
INTRODUCTION
============
*Morganella morganii* is a facultative gram-negative and anaerobic rod found in the feces and intestines of humans, dogs, and other mammals. It is known to be a causative organism of opportunistic infections in the respiratory tract, the urinary tract, and in wound infections. It can cause devastating infections in the neonates and postoperative stages, especially in diabetic patients ([@B1]). The risk of infection is particulary high when a patient becomes neutropenic as a result of myelosuppressive chemotherapy ([@B2]). Massive hemolysis can be associated with bacterial infection and has been reported mainly in cases of *Clostridial* or *Vibrio* sepsis ([@B3], [@B4]). We report here on a case of *M. morganii* sepsis associated with massive hemolysis in a neutropenic patient who underwent chemotherapy.
CASE REPORT
===========
A 59-yr-old-male was admitted to the emergency room (ER) with a 1-day history of jaundice, drowsiness, and a high fever. He had been diagnosed with stage IIIa non-small-cell lung cancer one year earlier. He had undergone a left pneumonectomy followed by 3 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin. Since the chest computed tomography (CT) scan taken after 3 courses of chemotherapy revealed newly developed mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement, the chemotherapeutic regimen was switched to paclitaxel and carboplatin. He had completed the course of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin 10 days before his admission to the ER. Two days prior to admission to the ER, he visited the outpatient department to check the possibility of chemotherapy induced cytopenias. At that time the patient was afebrile, and his blood test showed hemoglobin 11.7 g/dL, hematocrit 34 %, a white blood cell count of 2.12×10^3^/µL (8.4% segmented neutrophils, 81.6% lymphocytes, 5.7% monocytes, 3.8% eosionphils, and 0.5% basophils), and a platelet count of 107×10^3^/µL. Granulecyte colony-stimulating factor was administered for the chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Later that night he experienced fever and chills. The day before his admission, jaundice and dark red-colored urine developed. On admission, he was icteric and lethargic. He was drowsy but there were no focal neurological findings. There was no history of drug overuse. His blood pressure was 180/100 mmHg, the heart rate was 135 beats/min, the respiration rate was 24 breaths/min, and his temperature was 36℃. His arterial acid/base status was as follows: pH 7.04, pCO~2~ 14 mmHg, pO~2~ 77 mmHg, HCO~3~-3.8 mM/L, SaO~2~ 87%. The laboratory findings were as follows: hemoglobin 4.8 g/dL, hematocrit 6.9%, white blood cell count 2.47×10^3^/µL (11.8% segmented neutrophils, 77.7 % lymphoctes, 8.5% monocytes, 0.8% eosinophils, 1.2% basophils), platelets 71×10^3^/µL, reticulocyte count 60.7%, total bilirubin 31 mg/dL, direct bilirubin 5.6 mg/dL, aspartate transferase 9 IU/L, alanine transferase 7 IU/L, blood urea nitrogun 47 mg/dL, and creatinine 1.0 mg/dL. Electrolytes, ionized calcium, and glucose levels were all within normal limits. A peripheral blood smear showed polychromatric and spherocytic red blood cells, toxic vacuolation and toxic granulated neutrophils. Direct and indirect antiglobulin tests were all negative. The level of glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was within the normal range. Chest radiography and electrocardiogram findings did not show any abnormalities. A CT scan of the abdomen revealed a 3 cm-sized focal parencymal destructive lesion with air in S6 of the liver, mild dilated intrahepatic duct without stones, and periductal edema, indicating a gas-forming abscess in liver. The patient had a history of a left lobectomy of the liver due to a villotubular adenoma and intrahepatic duct stones. His condition deteriorated rapidly in spite of intensive treatment. After sampling blood and urine for microbiological examination, antibiotics composed of ceftazidime 2 gm and amikacin 500 mg were injected intravenously on the basis of suspected neutropenic sepsis. Despite the adequate replacement of sodium bicarbonate and oxygen, severe metabolic acidosis and hypoxemia were not corrected. Cardiac arrest followed, and he died 6 hr after admission. An autopsy was not performed according to the family s decision. Two sets of blood cultures were incubated (VITAL, bioMérieux, Marcy-L Etoile, France), and both showed the growth of *M. morganii*. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy-L Etoile). While the isolate was resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, it was sensitive to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem.
DISCUSSION
==========
The case presented here is unique and interesting since *M. morganii* seldom causes sepsis and massive hemolysis associated with this organism in human being has not been previously reported. This patient was in a condition of severe neutopenia that made him susceptible to bacteremia. When cytotoxic chemotherapy is used to treat cancer, it has potent effects on both humoral and cellular immunity. All types of infections are associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality in patients who receive chemotherapy ([@B5]). Within the enterobacteriaceae, the genus *M. morganii* belongs to the tribe Proteeae, which also includes the genera Proteus and Providencia. It resides in human colonic mucosa as a normal flora. It is well known that it may cause an opportunistic infection, especially in an immunocompromised host. The majority of *M. morganii* infections are related to postoperative wound infection and urinary tract infection. Mylotte et al. reported that the risk factors for *M. morganii* infection were old age, the presence of a serious underlying disease, the presence of concomitant bacteremia, hospitalization, recent surgery, and concurrent antibiotic use. *M. morganii* infections do not typically induce bacteremia. However, bacteremia caused by *M. morganii* infection can be associated with a mortality rate of 22-38%. According to a review recently published, *M. morganii* sepsis frequently occurred secondary to urinary tract or hepatobiliary tract infection. It was associated with a high mortality rate, especially for patients with solid tumors, diabetes, polymicrobial bacteremia, and inappropriate antibiotic treatment. The major portals of entry of *M. morganii* bacteremia were the urinary tract, followed by the hepatobiliary tract ([@B6]-[@B8]). Massive hemolysis, a rare but well-known and characteristic complication of *Clostridium perfringens*, has been reported in cases of postabortion and postpartum infections and gas gangrene ([@B9]). In *C. perfringens* infection, alpha-toxin gives rise to lysis of the erythrocytes. Intravascular hemolysis is caused by the alpha toxin, which is a phospholipase C lecithinase. The alpha toxin hydrolyzes sphingomyelin and lecithine to phosphoryl choline and diglyceride and, therefore, can cause the lysis of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and endothelial cells. There are reports that *Bacillus cereus*, *Vibrio vulnificus*, and *Haemophilus influenzae* can also cause intravascular hemolysis ([@B10]). Recent studies showed that 56% of *M. morganii* strains could produce the hemolysin and that there is a genetic homology between the hemolysin of *M. morganii* and the alpha hemolysin of *Escherichia coli*. It has been reported that the *M. morganii* hemolysin causes hemolysis by generating a pore in the erythrocyte membrane. *M. morganii* hemolysin might also cause leakage of ATP in human granulocytes, leading to cell death. Production of this hemolysin seems to be lethally virulent. Intranasal application of the hemolytic strains in mice caused death within a short time and hemorrhagic lung edema was found during an autopsy ([@B11]).
Chemotherapy-induced side effects can be thought of as the cause of hemolytic anemia and metabolic acidosis in this case. However, it has not been reported that chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel and carboplatin, which were administered to this patient, cause either massive hemolysis or metabolic acidosis. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) should be ruled out as a possible cause of the massive hemolysis in this case. In HUS, the expected time frame of the clinical course is days to weeks and the urinary function is abnormal. This patient showed a rapid deterioration in the clinical course along with massive hemolysis and normal renal function. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) can also be a cause of hemolytic anemia. However, neither HUS nor TTP has been associated with these drugs. Based on these findings, we diagnosed this patient as having sepsis with massive hemolysis due to *M. morganii*. The clinical course of hemolysis provoked by *M. morganii* infection is not well known. As far as we know, this is the first case of *M. morganii* sepsis with massive hemolysis.
^1^Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University, College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
This work was supported by a 2004 Inje University Research Grant.
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<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 align-self-center">
<p>This is the most basic <a href="barplot.html">barplot</a> you can build with R and the barplot() funtion. It was described in <a href="208-basic-barplot.html">graph #208</a>.</p>
<p>This post describes how to custom this basic barplot.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12">
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode-1.png" width="100%" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># The most basic barplot you can do:</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name)</a></code></pre></div>
<h1 id="color">Custom color</h1>
<hr />
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode2-1.png" width="33%" /><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode2-2.png" width="33%" /><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode2-3.png" width="33%" /> Here are 2 examples showing how to custom the barplot color:</p>
<ul>
<li>uniform color with <code>col</code>, asking one color only</li>
<li>using a palette coming from <code>RColorBrewer</code></li>
<li>change border color with the <code>border</code> argument</li>
</ul>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># Uniform color</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="kw">rgb</span>(<span class="fl">0.2</span>,<span class="fl">0.4</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>) )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-9" data-line-number="9"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-10" data-line-number="10"><span class="co"># Specific color for each bar? Use a well known palette</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-11" data-line-number="11"><span class="kw">library</span>(RColorBrewer)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-12" data-line-number="12">coul <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">brewer.pal</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>, <span class="st">"Set2"</span>) </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-13" data-line-number="13"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, <span class="dt">col=</span>coul )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-14" data-line-number="14"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-15" data-line-number="15"><span class="co"># Change border color</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-16" data-line-number="16"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, <span class="dt">border=</span><span class="st">"#69b3a2"</span>, <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="st">"white"</span> )</a></code></pre></div>
<h1 id="title">Title, Axis label, Custom limits</h1>
<hr />
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 align-self-center">
<p>Usual customizations with <code>xlab</code>, <code>ylab</code>, <code>main</code> and <code>ylim</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12">
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode4-1.png" width="100%" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># Uniform color</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-9" data-line-number="9"> <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="kw">rgb</span>(<span class="fl">0.8</span>,<span class="fl">0.1</span>,<span class="fl">0.1</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-10" data-line-number="10"> <span class="dt">xlab=</span><span class="st">"categories"</span>, </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-11" data-line-number="11"> <span class="dt">ylab=</span><span class="st">"values"</span>, </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-12" data-line-number="12"> <span class="dt">main=</span><span class="st">"My title"</span>, </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-13" data-line-number="13"> <span class="dt">ylim=</span><span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">0</span>,<span class="dv">40</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-14" data-line-number="14"> )</a></code></pre></div>
<h1 id="horiz">Horizontal barplot</h1>
<hr />
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 align-self-center">
<p>Usual customizations with <code>xlab</code>, <code>ylab</code>, <code>main</code> and <code>ylim</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12">
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode5-1.png" width="100%" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># Uniform color</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-9" data-line-number="9"> <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="st">"#69b3a2"</span>,</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-10" data-line-number="10"> <span class="dt">horiz=</span>T, <span class="dt">las=</span><span class="dv">1</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-11" data-line-number="11"> )</a></code></pre></div>
<h1 id="width">Bar width & space between bars</h1>
<hr />
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode6-1.png" width="50%" /><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode6-2.png" width="50%" /></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 align-self-center">
<p>It is possible to control the space between bars and the width of the bars using <code>space</code> and <code>width</code>.</p>
<p>Can be usefull to represent the number of value behind each bar.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12">
</div>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># Control space:</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="kw">rgb</span>(<span class="fl">0.2</span>,<span class="fl">0.4</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>), <span class="dt">space=</span><span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="fl">0.1</span>,<span class="fl">0.2</span>,<span class="dv">3</span>,<span class="fl">1.5</span>,<span class="fl">0.3</span>) )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-9" data-line-number="9"> </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-10" data-line-number="10"><span class="co"># Control width:</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-11" data-line-number="11"><span class="kw">barplot</span>(<span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name, <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="kw">rgb</span>(<span class="fl">0.2</span>,<span class="fl">0.4</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>,<span class="fl">0.6</span>), <span class="dt">width=</span><span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="fl">0.1</span>,<span class="fl">0.2</span>,<span class="dv">3</span>,<span class="fl">1.5</span>,<span class="fl">0.3</span>) )</a></code></pre></div>
<h1 id="texture">Barplot texture</h1>
<hr />
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 align-self-center">
<p>Change bar texture with the <code>density</code> and <code>angle</code> arguments.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12">
<p><img src="209-the-options-of-barplot_files/figure-html/thecode7-1.png" width="100%" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># create dummy data</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-2" data-line-number="2">data <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data.frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">name=</span>letters[<span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="dv">5</span>],</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">value=</span><span class="kw">sample</span>(<span class="kw">seq</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>,<span class="dv">15</span>),<span class="dv">5</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-5" data-line-number="5">)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="co"># barplot</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">barplot</span>( <span class="dt">height=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>value, <span class="dt">names=</span>data<span class="op">$</span>name , <span class="dt">density=</span><span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>,<span class="dv">10</span>,<span class="dv">20</span>,<span class="dv">30</span>,<span class="dv">7</span>) , <span class="dt">angle=</span><span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">0</span>,<span class="dv">45</span>,<span class="dv">90</span>,<span class="dv">11</span>,<span class="dv">36</span>) , <span class="dt">col=</span><span class="st">"brown"</span> )</a></code></pre></div>
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On Wednesday, network president John Skipper confirmed 150 staffers would be terminated, after cutting about 100 staffers in late April. The news of layoffs was expected, but it is surprising that on-air talent does not appear to be among the people being let go.
The statement from Skipper to ESPN employees:
Today we are informing approximately 150 people at ESPN that their jobs are being eliminated.
We appreciate their contributions, and will assist them as much as possible in this difficult moment with severance, a 2017 bonus, the continuation of health benefits and outplacement services. They will also appreciate your support.
The majority of the jobs eliminated are in studio production, digital content, and technology and they generally reflect decisions to do less in certain instances and re-direct resources.
We will continue to invest in ways which will best position us to serve the modern sports fan and support the success of our business.
The 38-year-old network has been squeezed by rising fees to broadcast live events. ESPN also has lost about 10 million subscribers during the past six years, based on estimates by Nielsen Media Research.
The sports broadcaster has about 8,000 employees worldwide. Before April’s cuts, the Worldwide Leader laid off close to 300 employees in 2015. |
MEMPHIS, Tenn. — Steve Cohen, a two-term white congressman from a mostly black House district, faces a bruising Democratic primary next year and race again will likely be at the center of the campaign.
Willie Herenton, the first elected black mayor of Memphis, recently filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for Cohen's 9th District House seat. Cohen has shrugged off black challengers before, but none with the political savvy and combative style of the 6-foot-6 mayor — a former Golden Gloves boxer who doesn't shrink easily from a fight.
Now mayor longer than any predecessor, Herenton, 69, first won office in 1992 by beating a popular white incumbent by 142 votes in one of the closest mayoral elections in Memphis history. He has faced little serious re-election opposition since and is now in his fifth four-year term.
Cohen, 60, is one of just two white members of Congress representing predominantly black districts and the only one to follow an African-American into office. He is the first white congressman from Memphis since 1974 and the only Jewish member of Tennessee's congressional delegation.
A racial issueVoters in the August 2010 Democratic primary will face a sensitive question that has dogged Cohen since his first House election in 2006: Should Tennessee's only majority black district have a black representative in Washington?
"I think all along, Steve Cohen has known that's his vulnerability," said political scientist Marcus Pohlmann at Rhodes College of Memphis. "It's not so much that he's disliked because he's white, but he's running in a district that was created to elect an African-American."
In the 9th District, which is 60 percent black and 35 percent white, the Democratic primary is tantamount to election. No Republican has been elected since 1972.
In 2006, Cohen led a 15-candidate Democratic primary with 31 percent of the vote, with the four top black candidates combining for 57 percent. In the 2008 primary, he trounced a black lawyer who campaigned heavily on race and produced a TV ad featuring a picture of Cohen and a photo of a hooded Ku Klux Klansman. Cohen breezed through the general elections with only weak Republican and independent opposition.
John L. Focht
/
AP
Willie Herenton, the first elected black mayor of Memphis, says he wants to go to Congress to address urban issues.
But Herenton is seen as his most formidable challenger yet.
A talented boxer who grew up poor in a racially segregated city, Herenton still stays in trim physical shape and easily mixes it up verbally with his critics — whether city council members, political foes or local journalists.
Herenton has also taken on federal prosecutors he accuses of trying to help his political enemies.
According to witnesses who have appeared before a federal grand jury now in session, prosecutors have asked about some $90,000 Herenton made in a land deal and $50,000 he reportedly collected from an annual Christmas party financed by well-heeled supporters.
Cohen, a lawyer, spent 24 years in the state Senate earning a reputation as a civil rights advocate and champion of minority causes. He has won high marks in Congress from minority and liberal groups.
Herenton's advantage?Both men have long public records but Herenton may have "deeper roots" among African-American voters, said David Bositis, a senior researcher with the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in Washington, D.C.
"I would make him the favorite, even though Cohen is the incumbent," Bositis said, noting Cohen has not faced "topflight opposition" before.
Herenton didn't respond to a request to be interviewed.
But he recently wrote in The Commercial Appeal newspaper that he wants to go to Congress because attacking urban problems will be a priority with President Barack Obama's administration.
The congressional election should focus on "pressing and important issues," Herenton wrote. "However, it remains a fact that the 9th Congressional District provides the only real opportunity to elect a qualified African-American to the all-white 11-member delegation representing Tennessee in Washington."
From Washington, Cohen said he wasn't overly worried about Herenton.
"As long as I perform for the 9th District and the 9th District likes what I do, it doesn't really matter who runs against me," he said. "Working with people is what's important up here ... I've got friends and I know how to do it."
Copyright 2009 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. |
Selective dentate gyrus disruption causes memory impairment at the early stage of experimental multiple sclerosis.
Memory impairment is an early and disabling manifestation of multiple sclerosis whose anatomical and biological substrates are still poorly understood. We thus investigated whether memory impairment encountered at the early stage of the disease could be explained by a differential vulnerability of particular hippocampal subfields. By using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, we identified that early memory impairment was associated with selective alteration of the dentate gyrus as pinpointed in vivo with diffusion-tensor-imaging (DTI). Neuromorphometric analyses and electrophysiological recordings confirmed dendritic degeneration, alteration in glutamatergic synaptic transmission and impaired long-term synaptic potentiation selectively in the dentate gyrus, but not in CA1, together with a more severe pattern of microglial activation in this subfield. Systemic injections of the microglial inhibitor minocycline prevented DTI, morphological, electrophysiological and behavioral impairments in EAE-mice. Furthermore, daily infusions of minocycline specifically within the dentate gyrus were sufficient to prevent memory impairment in EAE-mice while infusions of minocycline within CA1 were inefficient. We conclude that early memory impairment in EAE is due to a selective disruption of the dentate gyrus associated with microglia activation. These results open new pathophysiological, imaging, and therapeutic perspectives for memory impairment in multiple sclerosis. |
Testicular trauma
Testicular trauma is an injury to one or both testicles. Types of injuries include blunt, penetrating and degloving.
Because the testes are located within the scrotum, which hangs outside of the body, they do not have the protection of muscles and bones. This makes it easier for the testes to be struck, hit, kicked or crushed, which occurs most often during contact sports. Testicles can be protected by wearing athletic cups during sports.
Trauma to the testes can cause severe pain, bruising, swelling, and/or in severe cases even infertility. In most cases, the testes—which are made of a spongy material—can absorb some impact without serious damage. A rare type of testicular trauma, called testicular rupture, occurs when a testicle receives a direct blow or is squeezed against the hard bones of the pelvis. This injury can cause blood to leak into the scrotum and possibly even infertility and other complications. In severe cases, surgery to repair the rupture—and thus save the testicle—may be necessary.
In at least one case, testicular trauma was reported as the cause of a patient developing Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) despite otherwise minor trauma.
See also
Ball-busting
Groin attack
Testicular torsion
References
External links
Category:Testicle disorders
Category:Men's health |
93 Wis.2d 660 (1980)
287 N.W.2d 742
KLEIN-DICKERT OSHKOSH, INC., Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
FRONTIER MORTGAGE CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellant and Third-Party Plaintiff: PIONEER TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY, and others, Third-Party Defendants.
No. 77-083.
Supreme Court of Wisconsin.
Submitted on briefs January 9, 1980.
Decided February 7, 1980.
*662 For the appellant the cause was submitted on the brief of Pinkert, Smith, Koehn & Weir of Sturgeon Bay.
For the respondents the cause was submitted on the brief of John P. Koberstein and Voss, Nesson, Koberstein, Erbach & Voss of Madison.
CONNOR T. HANSEN, J.
This litigation arises out of the construction of the Midway Motor Lodge in Janesville, Wisconsin. IDT, Inc., was the owner of the project and T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc., was the general contractor. T. W. Campbell was the president of both IDT and Campbell Construction. Although Frontier Mortgage was financing the project, Pioneer Title Insurance Company was the disbursing agent for Campbell Construction.
Klein-Dickert Oshkosh entered into a contract with Campbell Construction for the construction of a dome over an enclosed swimming pool at the motor lodge. This enclosed swimming pool was an important part of the motel construction project and Klein-Dickert was the only company in the area which constructed such domes. Klein-Dickert completed its contract, and upon default of payment by Campbell Construction, commenced the instant action against Frontier Mortgage. Klein-Dickert claimed damages for performance of its contract in the amount of $43,180, and as a result of a guaranty by Frontier Mortgage Corporation, demanded payment by Frontier.
Various cross-complaints were served and filed between Frontier Mortgage, Campbell Construction, IDT and Pioneer Title. On motion of the parties, the trial court *663 granted a severance and tried separately the issues between Klein-Dickert Oshkosh and Frontier Mortgage.
In our opinion the issue which disposes of this appeal is whether the findings of the trial court that Frontier Mortgage guaranteed payment to Klein-Dickert are against the great weight and clear preponderance of the evidence.
[1-5]
We believe it is well-established that findings of the trial court will not be upset on appeal unless they are clearly erroneous and against the great weight and clear preponderance of the evidence. The evidence supporting the findings of the trial court need not constitute the great weight or clear preponderance of the evidence and reversal is not dictated if there is evidence to support a contrary finding. If there is to be a reversal on appeal, the evidence to support such a result must itself constitute the great weight and clear preponderance of the evidence. Furthermore, when the trial judge acts as the finder of fact, he is the ultimate and final arbiter of the credibility of witnesses. When more than one inference can be drawn from the credible evidence, the reviewing court must accept the inference drawn by the trier of fact. Bank of Sun Prairie v. Opstein, 86 Wis.2d 669, 676, 273 N.W.2d 279 (1979), and cases cited therein.
Thus, in the case before us we review the record for credible evidence which will support the findings of the trial court.
In the fall of 1974, Donald H. Paske, president and general manager of Klein-Dickert Oshkosh, and Campbell Construction Company entered into negotiations for the installation of a plexiglass dome for the structure which would enclose the swimming pool at the motor lodge. While negotiations were being carried on, Paske checked the credit standing of Campbell Construction. The information he received led him to conclude that Campbell Construction was in a weak position financially and *664 caused him to have reservations about the financial ability of Campbell Construction to complete the project.
On March 7, 1975, Klein-Dickert sent Campbell Construction a proposal under the terms of which Klein-Dickert proposed to furnish and install plexiglass domes for the Midway Motor Lodge for the sum of $43,500. This proposal stated, "This quotation is based upon your furnishing us with an irrevocable letter of Guarantee from your Lending Institution." This proposal was accepted by T. W. Campbell, president and owner of Campbell Construction (also president of IDT), on March 17, 1975.
On March 20, 1975, Paske received a letter from Campbell Construction dated March 17, 1975, which stated that Campbell Construction was awarding the contract to Klein-Dickert, and that payment would be handled by Pioneer Title Insurance Company. The contract, which was attached, stated that the agreement was between Klein-Dickert and IDT, as the owner, and Campbell Construction, as general contractor. The proposal of Klein-Dickert dated March 7, 1975, was made part of the contract. On March 20, 1975, Paske also received another letter from Campbell Construction dated March 17, 1975, which stated that the contract was awarded to Klein-Dickert. The letter stated in part:
". . . A copy of the proposal has been forwarded to our bank in Green Bay per the attention of:
Mr. Carl Manns
Frontier Mortgage Corporation
2001 South Webster Avenue
Green Bay, WI 54301
"Mr. Manns will be issuing you a letter of guarantee in regard to payment. Payment would be as follows:
"1. Payment to be per our terms of the loan institution.
"2. 90% to be paid upon delivery in the draw request after delivery.
*665 "3. The balance of 10% to be paid upon completion of erection in the following draw request.
"4. Draw requests are submitted on the second or third of each month with payment by the bank approximately by the fifteenth or twentieth of that month."
The letter of guaranty from Frontier Mortgage was not forthcoming and there were a number of contacts between Paske of Klein-Dickert, Campbell, and Manns of Frontier Mortgage. Paske, Campbell and Manns testified at trial. The testimony of Paske reflects that Klein-Dickert at all times insisted upon a guaranty from Frontier Mortgage and that Klein-Dickert would not proceed on the contract without such a guaranty. Campbell's testimony reflects that he knew Klein-Dickert insisted upon the guaranty and expected Frontier Mortgage to guarantee payment of the contract. The testimony of Manns reflects that he knew Klein-Dickert insisted upon the guaranty and would not proceed without it; however, he testified that he repeatedly told Paske that Frontier Mortgage could not guarantee payment.
Finally, on April 11, 1975, Manns sent Klein-Dickert the following letter:
"Dear Mr. Paske:
"In response to your phone call and a conversation with Ted Campbell, we will be making payment under our construction loan agreement as outlined in Theodore W. Campbell's letter of March 17, 1975 to you. That is specifically that payment will be as follows:
"1. Payment will be under the terms of the construction loan agreement.
"2. 90% of the material price will be paid upon delivery and the draw request after delivery and inspection of the 108 acetate domes and flat end wall panels.
"3. The balance of 10% plus labor will be paid upon completion and erection.
"4. The monies will be paid between the 15th and 20th of the month in which they are requested, after the inspection is made.
*666 "5. The monies will be advanced to Pioneer Title Company who will require that lien waivers are furnished in proper form and with proper endorsements.
"We sincerely hope that this plan meets with your approval and invite you to call if you have any further questions."
Upon receipt of the foregoing letter, Paske called Manns to make certain that sufficient funds were available for payment of the Klein-Dickert contract and that funds were specifically earmarked for Klein-Dickert. Manns told Paske that $46,000 was allocated to the pool enclosure under the "cost breakdown" for the project, and that Klein-Dickert would receive that amount if Campbell approved the work.
Manns testified that when he told Paske there was $46,000 available for the pool enclosure, approximately $20,000 had been withdrawn from the pool enclosure account. He had read the amount of $46,000 off of the cost breakdown sheet, but he did not check to see whether any money had been drawn on the pool enclosure account. He testified that if he would have checked the withdrawal documents, he would have known that at the time he talked to Paske $20,000 had been paid out from the pool enclosure account. Paske testified that if he would have known that $20,800 had been paid out, Klein-Dickert would not have proceeded with the construction contract.
Klein-Dickert completed its performance of the contract, but the construction project collapsed and Klein-Dickert was never paid. In June, 1975, Frontier disbursed $20,000 to Pioneer, the disbursing agent, but Pioneer paid the funds to Campbell Construction, instead of to Klein-Dickert. In July, Klein-Dickert received a check in the amount of $20,000 from Campbell Construction, but the check was returned because of insufficient funds.
A review of the testimony of Paske reflects that Klein-Dickert would not proceed on the contract without a guaranty from Frontier Mortgage and assurances from *667 Frontier Mortgage that funds were available to pay the contract. The record also reflects that Manns knew Klein-Dickert insisted upon a guaranty from Frontier Mortgage and would not proceed with construction without such a guaranty, and that Manns mistakenly told Klein-Dickert $46,000 was available to pay their contract when in fact $20,000 had already been disbursed. Further, it was the testimony of Manns that he repeatedly told Paske of Klein-Dickert that Frontier could not guarantee payment of their contract with Campbell Construction.
At the conclusion of the trial the trial court made the following findings of fact and conclusions of law:
"Findings of Fact
"1. That on March 17, 1975, plaintiff, Klein-Dickert Oshkosh, Inc., and third party defendant, T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc., entered into a written contract for the construction and glazing of the swimming pool dome at the Midway Motor Lodge in Janesville, Wisconsin, for the sum of Forty-Three Thousand One Hundred Eighty and no/100 Dollars ($43,180.00).
"2. That said construction contract required an irrevocable guarantee from Campbell's lending institution, Frontier Mortgage Corporation.
"3. That between March 17, 1975, and May 1, 1975, defendant, Frontier Mortgage Corporation, guaranteed the payment of the contract between the plaintiff and the third party defendant, T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc.
"4. That shortly after April 11, 1975, defendant, Frontier Mortgage Corporation by its president, Carl Manns, represented to the plaintiff that Frontier Mortgage Corporation had available the amount of Forty-Six Thousand Dollars ($46,000.00) for the performance of plaintiff's portion of said contract.
"5. That plaintiff relied upon the representation that Forty-Six Thousand Dollars ($46,000.00) was available for the performance of the contract.
"6. That plaintiff performed the work in accordance with the contract on or before May 25, 1975.
*668 "7. That plaintiff has received no money for the performance of its contract."
"Conclusions of Law
"1. That the defendant, Frontier Mortgage Corporation, guaranteed the contract between the plaintiff, Klein-Dickert Oshkosh, Inc., and the third party defendant, T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc., in the amount of Forty-Three Thousand One Hundred Eighty and no/ 100 Dollars ($43,180.00).
"2. That the defendant, Frontier Mortgage Corporation negligently misrepresented the fact that Forty-Six Thousand Dollars ($46,000) was available for the payment of the performance of plaintiff's contract with the third party defendant, T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc."
Judgment was entered in favor of Klein-Dickert against Frontier in the amount of $43,180, plus interest, together with the costs and disbursements of the action, for a total of $47,828.46.
[6-10]
A guaranty is collateral to, and made independently of, the principal contract which it guarantees, and the guarantor's liability is secondary rather than primary or original. Continental Bank & Trust Co. v. Akwa, 58 Wis.2d 376, 388, 206 N.W.2d 174 (1973).[1] The intent of the parties in a case such as this must necessarily be derived from a consideration of their words, written and oral, and their actions in view of the circumstances. In Mann v. Erie Mfg. Co., 19 Wis.2d 455, 459, 120 N.W.2d 711 (1963), this court defined the word "guarantee" as "to become responsible for the fulfillment of an agreement of another, to secure, to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another." Mann also stated that the form of the promise was not necessarily determinative of the nature of its substance. "The question is one of fact." *669 Mann v. Erie Mfg. Co., supra, at 459. No specific language is needed to create a contract of guaranty and the word "guaranty" need not appear in the writing to have the contract construed as one of guaranty. The collateral obligation of the guarantor may be evidenced by a variety of expressions.[2]
The decision of the trial court states:
"Clearly the letter of April 11th, 1975 and the representation of Mr. Manns of Frontier Mortgage to Klein-Dickert when considered with all the surrounding circumstances constituted a guaranty on the part of Frontier Mortgage to pay the contract price if Campbell Construction failed to do so."
The trial court also made the following finding of fact:
"3. That between March 17, 1975, and May 1, 1975, defendant, Frontier Mortgage Corporation, guaranteed the payment of the contract between the plaintiff and the third party defendant, T. W. Campbell Construction Company, Inc."
[11]
The ultimate question then becomes whether there is credible evidence and reasonable inference which could be drawn therefrom to support this finding. We are of the opinion there is and it cannot be said that the findings of the trial court are against the great weight and clear preponderance of the evidence.
Frontier Mortgage was committed to the financing of the construction of a motel. The completion of the enclosed swimming pool was an important part of the project. All parties knew that Klein-Dickert would not proceed with the construction of the swimming pool enclosure unless Frontier Mortgage guaranteed payment of its contract. On March 17, 1975, Campbell wrote Klein-Dickert stating that Frontier Mortgage would guarantee the payment of the contract. On April 11, 1975, Frontier *670 Mortgage acknowledged receipt of a copy of the March 17, 1975, letter from Campbell to Klein-Dickert and proceeded to advise them as to how payment would be made. Later Frontier Mortgage advised Klein-Dickert that $46,000 was available to pay their contract. This was a misstatement by Frontier because $20,000 had already been paid out. Klein-Dickert would not have proceeded with their contract if they had known that only about $26,000 remained in the swimming pool enclosure account.
Klein-Dickert completed their contract and Frontier Mortgage remitted $20,000 to Pioneer Title. Pioneer Title apparently remitted the $20,000 to Campbell Construction. Campbell Construction sent a $20,000 check to Klein-Dickert and it was returned because of insufficient funds. The motel project collapsed and Klein-Dickert was never paid for the performance of its contract.
Based upon the writings of the parties and in light of all the circumstances, we conclude the judgment should be affirmed.
At the conclusion of the trial, the trial court, pursuant to the provisions of sec. 802.09 (2), Stats. (formerly sec. 269.44), granted the motion of Klein-Dickert to amend its complaint to allege a cause of action for "negligent misrepresentation." The amendment was granted because of the mistaken representation by Frontier Mortgage as to the amount of money actually in the swimming pool enclosure account. On appeal, Frontier Mortgage argues that the granting of the motion to amend constituted reversible error. In view of the fact that we affirm that part of the judgment awarding damages on the basis of the guaranty, it becomes unnecessary to consider this issue.
By the Court. Judgment affirmed.
NOTES
[1] First Wisconsin Nat. Bank v. Oby, 52 Wis.2d 1, 11, 188 N.W. 2d 454 (1971); Associates Financial Services v. Eisenberg, 51 Wis.2d 85, 90, 186 N.W.2d 272 (1971); Tidioute Savings Bank v. Libbey, 101 Wis. 193, 77 N.W. 182 (1898).
[2] 38 Am. Jur. 2d, Guaranty, pp. 1001, 1002, secs. 5, 6.
|
The present invention relates to an adaptive cruise control (ACC) system for an automotive vehicle, and more particularly to an ACC system which controls a driving force and/or braking force of the vehicle so as to bring an inter-vehicle distance between a preceding vehicle and a host vehicle closer to a target inter-vehicle distance.
A typical ACC system is arranged to detect an inter-vehicle distance and to control a vehicle speed or driving/braking force so as to bring the inter vehicle distance closer to a target value. Such an ACC system employs one of an A-type method of employing a vehicle-speed sensor and generating a vehicle speed command and a B-type method of directly calculating the driving force command. The A-type method can provide an inter-vehicle distance control system where the affect of disturbance is eliminated by a robust design of a vehicle speed control system. However, this A-type method is required to further improve a control accuracy under an extremely low speed region. On the other hand, the B-type method can accurately perform the control under the low speed region, but it is required to simultaneously satisfy riding comfort and robustness against disturbances. The inventors of the present invention have proposed an ACC system which employs both of the A-type method adapted under a high-speed region and the B-type method adapted under a low-speed region.
However, this ACC system is further required to improve the responsibility of the ACC under a low-speed region against the increase of load to the system.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved adaptive cruise control system which enables a controlled vehicle (host vehicle) to accurately execute a following control in the whole vehicle speed region including an extremely low speed region without adding an inter-vehicle distance control system for a low vehicle speed region.
An adaptive cruise control (ACC) system according to the present invention is installed to a host vehicle and comprises a vehicle speed detector detecting a vehicle speed of the host vehicle, a distance detector detecting an inter-vehicle distance between a preceding vehicle and the host vehicle, a driving/braking force generator generating driving/braking force according to a signal indicative of a target driving torque, and a controller connected to the vehicle speed detector, the distance detector and the driving/braking force generator. The controller calculates a target inter-vehicle distance between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle, calculates a target vehicle speed and a first target driving torque based on the inter-vehicle distance and the target inter-vehicle distance, calculates a second target driving torque based on the host vehicle speed and the target vehicle speed, generates a torque select signal based on the host vehicle speed, selects one of the first and second target driving torques as the target driving torque based on the torque select signal, matches the selected target driving torque with a previous target driving torque when the target driving torque is changed, and outputs the control signal indicative of the target driving torque to said driving/braking force generator. |
Q:
Are dispatch_get_specific() & dispatch_queue_set_specific() thread safe?
I am trying to use dispatch_queue_set_specific() and dispatch_get_specific() in combination in method to check if the current queue is same as the target queue. But since this method can be called from multiple threads, I need to ensure thread safety. So, my question is are these methods thread safe. If not, how can I ensure thread safety here?
I am setting a data using dispatch_queue_set_specific() on the target queue and using dispatch_get_specific() to compare the data on current queue, if they are same I am on the same queue.
static inline (BOOL)is_current_queue(dispatch_queue_t queue) {
int key, data;
dispatch_queue_set_specific(queue, &key, &data, nil);
if (dispatch_get_specific(&key) == &data) {
return YES;
}
return NO;
}
A:
Are dispatch_get_specific() & dispatch_queue_set_specific() thread safe?
It would seem likely for routines in a concurrency library but the documentation isn't explicit on the point – just be thankful Apple actually provide any documentation at all, most if it is now relegated to their "documentation archive" ;-(
Fortunately for you libdispatch is open source and a check of the source confirms that they are – they lock around the critical parts.
HTH
BTW lines 4-8 of your code snippet are better written:
return dispatch_get_specific(&key) == &data;
|
Q:
Python randomly stops working
I can run, lets say, myscript.py 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., X times sucessffully with no errors or problems.
Then at the X execution it crashes Windows with "python.exe stopped working..." message.
The problem is that X is completely random. Sometimes I can run the script a thousand times, sometimes a hundread, sometimes ten...
I don't know exactly what it can be, but I think its unrelated to the specific code because if it runs ok once, why not always? I mean, python is not even throwing execptions. It just crashes and Windows displays "python.exe stopped working...".
Maybe python isn't managing memory? Any clues?
INFO: Running Python 2.7 64 on Windows 8. Dealing with autopy and PIL libs...
MORE INFO EDIT: Reproduced the error basicly using this two lines of code
send = autopy.bitmap.Bitmap.open('send.png')
corner = autopy.bitmap.Bitmap.open('corner.png')
Sometimes script runs ok, sometimes don't. Both loaded png files are always the same in every execution.
A:
Problem was in
corner = autopy.bitmap.Bitmap.open('corner.png')
The file corner.png was 8 bit png. Had to be 32 bit.
|
import Ajax from 'framework/common/utils/Ajax';
import Register from 'framework/common/utils/Register';
export default class SearchAutocomplete {
constructor (props) {
this.options = {
minLength: 3,
requestDelay: 200
};
this.$input = null;
this.$searchAutocompleteResults = null;
this.requestTimer = null;
this.resultExists = false;
this.searchDataCache = {};
}
static init () {
const searchAutocomplete = new SearchAutocomplete();
searchAutocomplete.$input = $('#js-search-autocomplete-input');
searchAutocomplete.$searchAutocompleteResults = $('#js-search-autocomplete-results');
searchAutocomplete.$input.on('keyup paste', (event) => SearchAutocomplete.onInputChange(event, searchAutocomplete));
searchAutocomplete.$input.on('focus', function () {
if (searchAutocomplete.resultExists) {
searchAutocomplete.$searchAutocompleteResults.show();
}
});
$(document).click((event) => SearchAutocomplete.onDocumentClickHideAutocompleteResults(event, searchAutocomplete));
}
static onInputChange (event, searchAutocomplete) {
clearTimeout(searchAutocomplete.requestTimer);
// on "paste" event the $input.val() is not updated with new value yet,
// therefore call of search() method is scheduled for later
searchAutocomplete.requestTimer = setTimeout(() => SearchAutocomplete.search(searchAutocomplete), searchAutocomplete.options.requestDelay);
// do not propagate change events
// (except "paste" event that must be propagated otherwise the value is not pasted)
if (event.type !== 'paste') {
return false;
}
}
static onDocumentClickHideAutocompleteResults (event, searchAutocomplete) {
const $autocompleteElements = searchAutocomplete.$input.add(searchAutocomplete.$searchAutocompleteResults);
if (searchAutocomplete.resultExists && $(event.target).closest($autocompleteElements).length === 0) {
searchAutocomplete.$searchAutocompleteResults.hide();
}
}
static search (searchAutocomplete) {
const searchText = searchAutocomplete.$input.val();
if (searchText.length >= searchAutocomplete.options.minLength) {
if (searchAutocomplete.searchDataCache[searchText] !== undefined) {
searchAutocomplete.showResult(searchAutocomplete.searchDataCache[searchText]);
} else {
searchAutocomplete.searchRequest(searchText);
}
} else {
searchAutocomplete.resultExists = false;
searchAutocomplete.$searchAutocompleteResults.hide();
}
}
searchRequest (searchText) {
const _this = this;
Ajax.ajaxPendingCall('Shopsys.search.autocomplete.searchRequest', {
loaderElement: '.js-search-autocomplete-submit',
url: _this.$input.data('autocomplete-url'),
type: 'post',
dataType: 'html',
data: {
searchText: searchText
},
success: function (responseHtml) {
_this.searchDataCache[searchText] = responseHtml;
_this.showResult(responseHtml);
}
});
}
showResult (responseHtml) {
const $response = $($.parseHTML(responseHtml));
this.resultExists = $response.find('li').length > 0;
if (this.resultExists) {
this.$searchAutocompleteResults.show();
} else {
this.$searchAutocompleteResults.hide();
}
this.$searchAutocompleteResults.html(responseHtml);
}
}
(new Register()).registerCallback(SearchAutocomplete.init, 'SearchAutocomplete.init');
|
The Egyptian Postures
£30.00
The Egyptian Postures
Dr. Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha’nish
Everyday Press
133 pages
15cm × 21cm
Format: Paperback
2017
£30
The Egyptian Postures is a guide to the most advanced Mazdaznan exercises that Johannes Itten taught his students at the Bauhaus. Often performed while singing or humming the postures were intended to activate glands and re-channel internal energies, stirring the blood in ways that contributed to the perpetual evolution of humanity. They were also said to induce auto-illumination, the participant’s body generating an intense light from within.
This edition of Dr. Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha’nish’s original instructions has been newly edited and illustrated by Ian Whittlesea with images of actor Ery Nzaramba demonstrating the postures and an in-depth essay by Pádraic E. Moore that explores the relationships between esoteric movements, their racial theories and early modernism's embrace and eventual dismissal of the occult, Mazdaznan and Itten. |
Adler Tank Rentals is a leading rental supplier of liquid and solid containment tanks and boxes. Our products include frac tanks of various sizes, berms, roll-off containers and vacuum boxes that are used in numerous hazardous and non-hazardous applications. Industrial Sub-categories:Boxes
Dezhou Huiyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise mainly engaged in the R&D, manufacture, sales and trade of Glucono-delta-lactone(GDL), trehalose and glucose acid, which have all been approved by ISO9001, ISO22000,KOSHER,HALAL and HACCP. With technology, innovation and development, we have established excellent market image. The annual outputs respectively are 6,000Tons,5,000Tons and 7,000Tons.Food Sub-categories:AdditivesCheeseStarch
Here at Prisma Rubber Additives, we offer a full range of Rubber Accelerator Masterbatch, Dry liquids, Sulphur Dispersions and Multicomponent Blends. Our products are available throughout Europe in locations such as France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. We have a fantastic technical department that can develop bespoke products, alternatives and custom variations on products to suit the customer's needs.Industrial Sub-categories:Rubber Parts
Victory-way Electronic(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. is a high-technology company which focuses on R&D and manufacturing of industrial electrical slip ring, created by senior engineers with many years of conductive slip ring application and development experience. We design and manufacture all kinds of slip rings,such as FORJ, electrical liquid mixture, high-frequency combinations, explosion-proof slip rings, wave-guide combination of slip ring, etc.Electronics Sub-categories:Mixed ElectronicsPower SupplyElectronics Tools |
Former UF running back Emmanuel Moody kicks off GBN's Parting Shots series by speaking about his thoughts on the differences between USC and UF, why he transferred to Florida, Urban Meyer's one day retirement, health issues, Steve Addazzio taking the reigns, what happened during the closed training...[details] |
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a foam removing device and a foam removing method, which remove foam by a centrifugal separation system, where centrifugal separation is performed on a foam-containing liquid containing air bubbles.
Description of the Related Art
As for a foam removing device for removing foam, conventionally known is a device in which a cylindrical liquid container for accommodating a foam-containing liquid containing air bubbles is rotated with a cylindrical axis thereof as a center, to act centrifugal separation on the foam-containing liquid (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) No. 2007-289814). In such a foam removing device, among the air bubbles and the liquid constituting the foam-containing liquid, the air bubbles formed of air having small specific gravity are concentrated in an area adjacent to the cylindrical axis as the liquid container is rotated and the centrifugal separation is acted on the foam-containing liquid. Meanwhile, the foam-removed liquid, from which the previously contained foam has been removed by concentrating the air bubbles in the area adjacent to the rotating axis, has larger specific gravity than air for forming the air bubbles, and therefore the foam-removed liquid moves in the direction far from the rotating axis, i.e., towards the cylindrical internal perimeter surface of the liquid container.
As a result, the cir bubbles concentrated in the center of the cylindrical axis, and the foam-removed liquid moved towards the internal perimeter surface of the liquid container are discharged outside through different outlet pipes, and therefore the foam-removed liquid, from which air bubbles have been removed, can be attained.
In the foam removing device disclosed in JP-A No. 2007-289814, a foam-containing liquid supply pipe, which is configured to supply a foam-containing liquid, is connected to one end of the liquid container relative to the cylindrical axis direction, and a foam-containing liquid supply opening is formed. Moreover, a foam-removed liquid outlet pipe, which is configured to guide the foam-removed liquid to outside of the liquid container, is connected to the other end of the liquid container relative to the cylindrical axis direction, and a foam-removed liquid outlet opening is formed. The foam-containing liquid supply pipe and the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe are liquid transport pipe each in the shape of a circular pipe, and are provided in the manner that a center of a cross-section thereof is aligned on the cylindrical axis of the liquid container.
Moreover, the air bubble outlet pipe for guiding the air bubbles outside the liquid container is provided in the foam-containing liquid supply pipe in the manner that it is go through a center of a cross-section of the foam-containing liquid supply pipe. The air bubble outlet pipe is a circular pipe member having an outer diameter sufficiently smaller than an inner diameter of the foam-containing liquid supply pipe, and has a structure where the foam-containing liquid is passed through the space between the internal perimeter surface of the foam-containing liquid is supply pipe and the outer perimeter surface of the air bubble outlet pipe to be supplied into the liquid container.
The foam-containing liquid supply pipe and the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe are not rotatable, and at the connection thereof with the rotatable liquid container, a pipe coupling having a shaft bearing function, so-called a rotary joint, which can rotatably connect with the liquid container, is provided. Meanwhile, the air bubble outlet pipe is provided inside the foam-containing liquid supply pipe, and has a structure that it extends to the position where the air bubbles are concentrated inside the liquid container. No connection is provided between the air bubble outlet pipe and the liquid container. Moreover, a separation plate, which is configured to prevent air bubbles from entering the foam-removed liquid outlet opening, is provided between the air bubble outlet opening, which is formed in the air bubble outlet pipe in the manner that it receives the air bubbles concentrated in the area adjacent to the cylindrical axis, and the foam-removed liquid outlet opening for sending the liquid in the liquid container into the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe. This separation plate is a disk member diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical liquid container. Then, the separation plate is a member for blocking a flow cannel of the air bubbles concentrated in the area adjacent to the cylindrical axis towards the foam-removed liquid outlet opening, and moving the liquid adjacent to the internal perimeter surface to the form-removed liquid outlet opening through a space between the outer perimeter edge thereof, and the internal perimeter surface of the liquid container.
In the foam-separation device disclosed in JP-A No. 2007-289814, the foam-containing liquid supplied into the liquid container through the foam-containing liquid supply pipe is rotated inside the liquid container. As a result of the action of the centrifugal separation due to the rotation, the air bubbles in the foam-containing liquid are concentrated to the area adjacent to the cylindrical axis, enter into the air bubble outlet pipe from the air bubble outlet opening, and then are discharged outside the liquid container.
Meanwhile, a liquid component of the foam-containing liquid moves, as a foam-removed liquid, in the direction far from the cylindrical axis, i.e., towards the internal perimeter surface of the liquid container, as the centrifugal separation acts due to the rotation. Thereafter, the foam-removed liquid is passed through a space between the internal perimeter surface of the liquid container and the separation plate, enters into the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe from the foam-removed liquid outlet opening, and then is discharged outside the liquid container.
In the manner as described, the air bubbles concentrated at a center of the cylindrical axis, and the foam-removed liquid moved towards the internal perimeter surface of the liquid container can be discharged outside the liquid container through different outlet pipes, and the foam-removed liquid, from which air bubbles have been removed, can be attained.
To maintain the performance of the foam removing device, inside of the liquid container is regularly washed. As for the washing, at least either the connection between the foam-containing liquid supply pipe and the liquid container, or the connection between the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe and the liquid container needs to be released. However, the pipe coupling having a shaft bearing function has a complicated structure compared to the pipe coupling having no shaft bearing function, and it takes time for releasing the connection, which increases the operational loads.
When the components are reconnected after releasing the connection, it is necessary to connect in the sealed state so as not to cause leakage of the liquid, and therefore it also takes time for reconnecting, which increases the operational loads.
Further, if the central axis of the connection at the side of the foam-containing liquid supply pipe functioning as the shaft bearing, and that of the connection at the side of the foam-removed liquid outlet pipe are not accurately matched, the rotating axis is sifted during the rotation of the liquid container, and therefore the sealing cannot be maintained, which may cause leakage of a liquid. Accordingly, it is necessary to c connect to accurately match the central axes of the two connections, which leads to a significant increase of the operational loads during the connection. |
Stevensburg, West Virginia
Stevensburg is an unincorporated community located in Preston County, West Virginia.
References
Category:Unincorporated communities in West Virginia
Category:Unincorporated communities in Preston County, West Virginia |
# Run James
#
# VERSION 1.0
FROM adoptopenjdk:11-jre-hotspot
# Ports that are used
#
# 25 SMTP without authentication
# 110 POP3
# 143 IMAP with startTLS enabled
# 465 SMTP with authentication and socketTLS enabled
# 587 SMTP with authentication and startTLS enabled
# 993 IMAP with socketTLS enabled
# 8000 Web Admin interface (unsecured: expose at your own risks)
EXPOSE 25 110 143 465 587 993 4000 8000
WORKDIR /root
# Get data we need to run James : build results and configuration
ADD destination/james-server-cassandra-ldap-guice.jar /root/james-server.jar
ADD destination/james-server-cassandra-ldap-guice.lib /root/james-server-cassandra-ldap-guice.lib
ADD destination/james-server-cli.jar /root/james-cli.jar
ADD destination/james-server-cli.lib /root/james-server-cli.lib
ADD destination/conf /root/conf
ADD destination/glowroot/plugins /root/glowroot/plugins
ADD destination/glowroot/glowroot.jar /root/glowroot/glowroot.jar
ADD destination/glowroot/lib/glowroot-embedded-collector.jar /root/glowroot/lib/glowroot-embedded-collector.jar
ADD destination/glowroot/lib/glowroot-logging-logstash.jar /root/glowroot/lib/glowroot-logging-logstash.jar
ADD destination/glowroot/admin.json /root/glowroot/admin.json
ADD destination/run_james.sh /root/run_james.sh
VOLUME /logs
VOLUME /root/conf
VOLUME /root/glowroot/plugins
VOLUME /root/glowroot/data
ENV PATH="$PATH:/root/glowroot/lib" \
JVM_OPTIONS="" \
GLOWROOT_ACTIVATED="false"
ENTRYPOINT ./run_james.sh
|
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In a speech that officials had billed as a major address, Mr. Xi said Tuesday that plans are under way to accelerate access to the insurance sector, expand the permitted business scope for foreign financial institutions and reduce tariffs on imported automobiles and ownership limits for foreign car companies.
Throughout his 40-minute address, Mr. Xi never mentioned the trade friction with the U.S. or President Donald Trump. His remarks seemed designed to offer some policy initiatives, if not concessions, while drawing a contrast with President Trump’s “America First” agenda and portraying China as a steady global partner committed to the international trade order.
“In a world aspiring for peace and development, the Cold War and zero-sum mentality look even more out of place.” Mr. Xi told the Boao Forum, a government-backed gathering of business and political leaders on the tropical island of Hainan.
“Putting oneself on a pedestal or trying to immunize oneself from adverse developments will get nowhere,” he said.
President Xi said China would increase imports, improve the protection of intellectual property and provide a more transparent, rule-based environment for foreign investment. He also pointed to Beijing’s announcement late last year that it would raise foreign-equity caps in the banking, securities and insurance industries, and promised those measures would be implemented.
“We have every intention to translate the measures into reality sooner rather than later, Mr. Xi said, though he didn’t provide a clearer timetable for those or the other measures announced.
Xi Jinping taking high road / talking up benefits of more open trade is not result of Trump #winning or forcing him into a corner.
This is Trump giving him a huge opportunity to look like a powerful, sensible world leader vs Trump’s petty, reactionary, deluded blowhard |
About Brisbane Scissor Lift Hire
Brisbane Scissor Lift Hire, hire Scissor Lifts, Boom Lifts and Forklifts. We also sell Scissor Lifts, Boom Lifts and Forklifts. Brisbane Scissor Lift Hire has it's own fleet of tilt tray trucks so we can deliver your Scissor Lift or Boom Lift on time every time. With Brisbane Scissor Lift Hire you will save time, save money and receive the best service! We have one of the most modern fleets in the country. We have purchased 50% of the machines in our fleet within the last eight months. Brisbane Scissor Lift Hire will continue to have the most modern fleet in the country, whilst also offering the best delivery service available. We pride ourselves on our delivery times and guarantee we will deliver your Scissor Lift or Boom Lift quicker and more accurately than our competitors. We also offer training at the job site for your employees to make sure the work is carried out safely and accurately and within the budget that you require. |
Pneumatherapy
Pneumatherapy is the belief that the state of one's spirit (pneuma, ) influences physical health. It is influenced by pneumatology.
Category:Concepts in alternative medicine |
As cellist Alexander Rudin playfully announces in his introductory
paragraph in the booklet notes; those miniatures which may sound
familiar were not originally composed for the cello “and conversely
those less familiar were!” He has compiled a disc of pieces that
reflect youthful enthusiasms and in particular his predilection
for transcriptions. The result is that he includes three songs
(texts included), is accompanied by two different pianists – for
reasons explained later – and also by the Musica Viva Orchestra.
Plenty to interest the cello lover then.
The Saint-Saëns is
notable for some very sensitive scaling down of the cellistic
accompanying figures. Many a fine violinist has ruined a performance
through over projection of his subsidiary material but that’s
not a mistake an experienced chamber player like Rudin makes.
What this transcription lacks is the cutting, jutting brilliance
of the violin, though Rudin does play with declamatory élan and
power. He plays four Paganini Caprices. These are obviously slower
to “sound” on the cello so the Ninth sounds less athletic. In
the hands of a Primrose of an Emanuel Vardi one finds that the
viola has a greater tensile sense of projection in the Caprices
– listen to Vardi’s complete caprices on Cembal d’amour CD129.
Still, Rudin brings mordant wit to the Seventeenth with those
rather lugubrious sounding lower strings. The Brahms is powerful
but not over-projected.
Next is a series
of less well-known pieces. Aleksandr Alyabiev (1787-1851)
grew up in St Petersburg and fought in the Napoleonic wars.
He wrote operas and songs. His Elegy is almost a scena
– an appealingly lyric song with cello obbligato, progressing
through recitative to more fulsome expression; it’s full of
moods and feeling, touchingly sung here by Jana Ivanilova.
Its companion is Under the Blue Skies – a longer, pleasant
but less eventful setting. Late Romantic warmth infuses Arensky’s
Lily of the Valley, to words by Tchaikovsky after which
the Danse Capricieuse comes a good contrast.
Rimsky’s Fantasia
on Le Coq d’Or – a typo renders it as Cog d’Or – was recorded
back in 1984 hence Vladimir Skanavi is the pianist. It was
made live and is rather boxy but there’s some brilliant passagework
on display and some enviably athletic music making. The Tchaikovsky-Glenn
Romance allows us to savour Rudin’s legato in all its
persuasive warmth. And to finish, a peculiarity in the form
of the Bach-Gounod Ave Maria which can be heard
here with orchestra, in this transcription by Andrei Golovin.
Rudin has constructed
an iconoclastic programme with internal logic and he plays
with great eloquence and warmth; he makes us believe in these
transcriptions.
Review
IndexesBy
Label Select a label and
all reviews are listed in Catalogue orderBy
MasterworkLinks
from composer names (eg Sibelius) are to resource pages with links to
the review
indexes for the individual works as well as other resources.
Reviews
from previous monthsJoin the mailing list and receive a hyperlinked weekly update on the
discs reviewed. detailsWe welcome feedback on our reviews. Please use the Bulletin
Board
Please paste in the first line of your comments the URL of the review to
which you refer. |
No Updates on a New Riddick Movie?
With Vin Diesel busy with the production of movies in other franchises such as The Fast and Furious series and the latest instalment in the XXX franchise XXX: Return of Xander Cage not to mention his other commitments to gaming and online casino promotion it calls into question what the plans are for another Riddick movie.
Also in the pipeline is a new TV series titled Raising Blind which delves into the world of underground gambling. Produced by Diesel’s company Race One Films, FX Channel has already signed a contract with Race One Films to broadcast the series. The recent news of the high stakes poker ring and casino gambling featuring Leonardo DiCaprio and Matt Damon may have been a catalyst for this TV show. More details on this likely to follow.
Now back to Riddick, Diesel turns 50 next year and with the new movie supposed to be an origin story it’s getting to the point where he will no longer be able to convincingly play a “younger” version of Riddick.
Pitch Black came out in 1999 and it is becoming increasingly likely that we will see a new Riddick within the next couple of years which means potentially there would be a 20 year gap between the movies.
Anyway as soon as any information is released I will be sure to post them here! |
GLENDALE, Ariz. -- During spring training, if teams are tied in the ninth inning, the managers will confer and decide whether they want to play an additional, final frame. Last week, the Indians and Padres played to a 10-inning deadlock. On Friday, the teams stopped after nine. It usually depends on if the road team brought an extra pitcher who can use the unexpected work. The teams avoid the five-hour marathons that pop up every so often in the regular season. In 2012, the Indians and Blue Jays played 16 frames on Opening Day in Cleveland. No one can prepare for that kind of start to the season.
Here are five observations from sunny Arizona.
1. Slow and steady: All along, the Indians have plotted to stow Danny Salazar until the team needed a fifth starter on April 8. Indians manager Terry Francona referred to it as "a pretty logical conclusion" that the winner of the competition between Carlos Carrasco and Josh Tomlin will start the fourth game of the year. Francona has already penciled in Justin Masterson, Corey Kluber and Zach McAllister to toe the rubber for the opening three-game set in Oakland.
Since his Tommy John surgery in 2010, Salazar has had his innings monitored. He logged 14 2/3 innings in 2011, 87 2/3 innings in 2012 and 145 innings last season. The team wants the 24-year-old at his peak come August and September, and even starting him nine days into the season aids that cause a bit. Salazar remains behind the rest of the starting pitchers in terms of his workload, and he and Francona said the goal is to have him complete five innings by the time the team breaks camp.
Salazar pitched a spring-high three innings in a minor league game on Friday and tallied six strikeouts.
2. Quick and dirty: History suggests that opposing hitters can figure out Josh Tomlin by the third time they face him. Tomlin works quickly and efficiently, but rarely deep into a game.
In 2011, his only full big league season, he posted a 12-7 record and 4.25 ERA in 26 starts. The first time through a lineup, he held the opposition to a .205 average. That number climbed to .253 the second time through the order and .295 the third. Similarly, Tomlin compiled a 2.54 ERA for innings 1-3, a 4.82 ERA for innings 4-6 and an 11.37 ERA for innings 7-9.
That isn't necessarily why Tomlin served up back-to-back solo home runs in the fifth inning on Friday. It is, though, an indication of how close Tomlin is to returning to form following Tommy John surgery a year and a half ago. In 14 innings this spring, the right-hander has limited the opposition to four runs on 13 hits, with two walks and 14 strikeouts.
"What he gave up was in his last inning of work," Francona said. "He was out to his fifth inning. Fastball was sharp. Breaking ball probably has a little more power to it than maybe in the past, which I think is a testament to his work ethic, coming back from his surgery and actually probably having a better breaking ball. He did really well."
Tomlin is sparring with Carlos Carrasco for the final vacancy in the Indians' starting rotation.
3. Late and great: Bryan Shaw and Cody Allen each tossed a scoreless inning on Friday. The two right-handers figure to own the seventh and eighth innings for the Indians this season. Shaw has logged five scoreless frames this spring; Allen has yielded one run in three innings. Both submitted stellar seasons in 2013, which enabled the Indians to feel comfortable letting set-up man Joe Smith depart via free agency. (The $15.75 million Smith received from the Angels helped, too.)
In his first full big league season -- for which he finished sixth in balloting for American League Rookie of the Year -- Allen posted a 2.43 ERA, 1.251 WHIP, with 11.3 strikeouts per nine innings and a 3.38 strikeout-to-walk ratio. In a career-high 75 innings, Shaw compiled a 3.24 ERA, 1.173 WHIP, with 8.8 strikeouts per nine innings and a 2.61 strikeout-to-walk ratio.
4. Young and restless: It's that juncture in spring training in which starters aren't quite equipped to play full games every day, but top prospects and some fringe players have been re-assigned to the minor league camps to prepare for their season. Thus, when guys like Jason Kipnis, Nick Swisher and Asdrubal Cabrera hit the showers, little-known prospects such as Tyler Holt, Cody Ferrell and Luigi Rodriguez enter the fray.
The inexperienced youngsters have performed admirably to this point. The Indians pounced on the Padres for seven runs in the eighth inning on Wednesday and the Royals for six runs in the eighth on Thursday. On Friday, Ferrell and Ryan Rohlinger delivered singles in the eighth to set up David Cooper's game-tying sacrifice fly.
5. Deep and wide: Every major league team invites aging veterans to spring training, but this Indians team seems as deep as any recent memory. The guys competing for the final few roster spots -- Jeff Francoeur, Elliot Johnson, Nyjer Morgan -- have all contributed to playoff teams within the last few years. One Indians official called the roster one of the deepest he's seen in 20 years with the club.
Francona sidestepped comparisons to the depth of previous teams he has coached, though he expressed how infatuated he is with his spring roster.
"I love our team," Francona said. "I actually don't care to compare our team to others. Whatever talent level we have, I really enjoy this team. I enjoy showing up every morning and seeing how good we can get with the guys we have."
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Q:
Get most recent tag on a commit
I have a work flow where i want to use git tags to push releases though my pipeline.
git init
touch readme.md
git add .
git commit -m "com1"
git tag -a 1.0.0-rc.1 -m "t1"
touch xxx
git add .
git commit -m "com2"
git tag -a 1.0.0-alpha1 -m "t2"
git tag -a 1.0.0-rc1 -m "t2"
git tag -a 1.0.0 -m "r1"
My log looks like:
commit 132fa7712234e0ea0ee72b55123d9fbfd7dbe75a (HEAD -> master, tag: 1.0.0-alpha1, tag: 1.0.0-rc1, tag: 1.0.0)
Author: Ryan
Date: Mon Nov 26 11:08:21 2018 +0000
com2
commit 97c10b1c203bc34f1234ba38e214c9f72cc4a03a (tag: 1.0.0-rc.1)
Author: Ryan
Date: Mon Nov 26 11:07:43 2018 +0000
com1
How can I ensure that only the most recent tag is returned?
A:
git describe <commit ID>
does the job.
It returns the most recent tag reachable by this commit, then if the tag is not on the commit itself, appends a description of said commit (# of commits "away" + tagged commit ID)
See the documentation for the options and details.
Alternatively, if as comments suggest you seek to make this info appear in the output of git log, try the option --decorate=full
|
Third Class Resolver: a retrospective analysis.
To evaluate the use of Third Class Resolver (TCR), a new fixed and functional orthopaedic appliance for the treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion in adolescents and young adults. Study design: Retrospective analysis. Twenty subjects, 10 females and 10 males, affected by Class III malocclusion were treated with a new fixed orthopaedic appliance: the Third Class Resolver (TCR). The mean age was 7 years at the beginning of treatment and 9 years at the end of treatment. The mean treatment time was 6 months. Digital cephalometric superimpositions on lateral radiographs taken at the start and end of treatment were assessed. The cephalometric values were statistically analysed. Cephalometric analysis of changes during treatment shows a statistically significant increase of ANB angle (mean 1°) (P = 0.045); increase of Witts Index (mean 3.5 mm) (P = 0.003); decrease of Maxillo-Mandibular angle (MM) (mean -2.3°) (P = 0.047); increase of Upper incisor-Maxilla Plane angle (angle mean 10.5°) (P = 0.02); increase of the distance between Upper Incisor and A-Pg line (mean 2.4 mm) (P = 0.021); increase of the mandibular branch length (mean 4.8 mm) (P = 0.004). TCR can be used fully for treatment of Class III malocclusions. |
Birthplace
Date of birth
Height
Weight
Unlock
"Being efficient is just being lazy, but in a clever way."— Ubisoft's official quote for Echo's gadget
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege - Echo Operator
Masaru "Echo" Enatsu (Japanese: 江夏 優[1], Enatsu Masaru) is a Defending Operator featured in Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege, introduced in the Operation Red Crow expansion alongside Hibana. A Heavy Armored Operator, Echo's unique gadget is a hovering drone known as Yokai, which can stick to flat surfaces on a ceiling and cloak, as well as emit ultrasonic bursts that can disorient the enemy.[2]
Contents
Biography
Masaru Enatsu grew up in Suginami City, Tokyo. This heavily populated city center is home to several animation studios and technology companies. At 16 years old, Enatsu was already challenging the robotics field by creating autonomous flying robots capable of search-and-rescue missions in highly difficult conditions. Two years later, he won the International Aerial Robotics Competition (IARC) and is known as having pushed the limits of what flying robots could accomplish.
Enatsu was noticed by the National Police Security Bureau during his studies in Science and Engineering at the Tokyo Metropolitan University. Enticed to test his devices on the field, he entered the National Police Academy. A year later, he joined the Tokyo Metropolitan, Police Department Special Unit.
Efficiency-obsessed and blunt, Enatsu is a talented officer despite his apathetic nature. In the wake of Nagoya's hostage crisis in 2007, Enatsu decided to transfer to the Aichi Prefectural Police Department Special Unit.[3]
Psychological Profile
Singularly focused, Enatsu's blunt communication style divides group harmony. His tendency to dismiss feedback has kept him from advancing to a higher rank.[4]
Gameplay Description
Echo himself is suited for holding down the objective. Yokai, on the other hand, does most of his work for him. It is used to remotely survey his hold and disrupt Attackers from above. Able to stick to ceilings and turn invisible, Yokai can also disorient Attackers with its ultrasonic blasts.
Much like Attacker drones, Echo throws the Yokai when deploying it, which can allow it to reach normally unreachable areas.
While unable to jump like normal Drones, Yokai has the ability to launch itself upwards. If Yokai comes into contact with a flat ceiling, it will attach and secure itself, as well as activating its second set of abilities.
Yokai has a 2-second cooldown between jumps, akin to normal Drones.
Yokai's jump is limited vertically to 5 meters. This is apparent in rooms that exceed this limit in certain areas such as the Lobby of Bank.
The cloaking mechanism renders Yokai invisible, but there is a slight rippling effect to it. The cloak will also deactivate temporarily when it uses an ultrasonic blast.
If Yokai does hit an uneven ceiling, it will shake for about a second before falling back down to the ground.
When attached to the ceiling, Yokai will have access to his ultrasonic blasts, disorientating anyone caught in its wake, including other Defenders.
The blast only needs to hit an Operator directly to disorientate them.
Disorientation causes vision to be blurred a bit, with a shaking afterimage, darkened peripherals, and scattered dots of light, while also temporarily muddling their audio.
It takes around 10 seconds for affected Operators to recover from the effect. However, moving will lengthen the recovery time to up to twice its normal duration, on top of making the disorientation effects more severe such as darker peripherals and a more uncontrollable-but-steady screen sway.
Yokai can only have up to three ultrasonic charges in reserve. However, it can recharge these charges every 20 seconds.
The blasts' effective range is 14 meters. Although the blast looks like it has travel time, it is actually instantaneous when it hits anyone.
The ultrasonic blast cancels most actions that its targets are performing when hit, such as Thermite deploying an Exothermic Charge or an Attacker planting a defuser in Bomb. A Montagne extending his shield will retract his shield if he is blasted. One notable action that it cannot cancel is pulling the needle from Lesion's Gu mines.
The camera on Yokai is exclusive to Echo. It is also unable to scan enemies.
Yokai's camera also has a limit to how much is can see. When on the ground, it can only see up to 40 degrees upwards. When attached to a ceiling, it has more freedom in surveillance as it can see everything below its level.
Even when dead, Echo can still see through Yokai's camera feed when in support mode.
The feed for Yokai is identified as a strong crimson on the camera selection HUD.
Yokai will lose signal and deactivate if it moves outside the defender area and stays outside for more than 3 seconds. The effect is similar to the effects of Mute's Signal Jammer on Attacker drones, with visual disruption before complete signal loss. The line "LOSING SIGNAL, GET BACK INSIDE" will appear on the HUD when losing signal.
Echo is immune to Dokkaebi's Logic Bomb, having developed their systems in tandem with each other, alongside using a wrist-mounted device to view cameras instead of a phone.
Synergies
An exception to the Shock Wire destroying allied gadgets, Yokai is able to touch Bandit's Shock Wires without being destroyed. Thus, Bandit can work with Echo without worrying about destroying the latter's Yokai.
Counters
Yokai is a remote-controlled electronic gadget. However, it has certain characteristics that are shared with electronic gadgets that are "on-person".
Thatcher's EMP Grenades will only disable Yokai for five seconds before reactivating. However, it will drop to the ground if it was attached to the ceiling when it was hit by the EMP.
IQ and her Electronics Scanner can quickly identify Yokai's location, making her the most dangerous detriment to Yokai's survival.
Twitch's Shock Drone destroys Yokai with a single shock dart, but it is unable to see it when it gets cloaked.
Unique Gadget
Wanting to circumvent ranged weapon limitations, Echo crafted Yokai, an unmanned hovering vehicle. Equipped with an acoustic hailing device, this signature drone can fire ultrasonic bursts that disorient all targets in a given perimeter. Yokai also transmits a video feed to Echo, who keeps his immediate perimeter secure.[2] |
package de.slackspace.openkeepass.domain;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* A builder to create {@link Meta} objects.
*
*/
public class MetaBuilder implements MetaContract {
String generator = "KeePass";
String databaseName;
String databaseDescription;
Calendar databaseNameChanged;
Calendar databaseDescriptionChanged;
int maintenanceHistoryDays;
UUID recycleBinUuid;
Calendar recycleBinChanged;
boolean recycleBinEnabled;
long historyMaxItems;
long historyMaxSize;
CustomIcons customIcons;
Binaries binaries;
/**
* Creates a new builder with the given database name.
*
* @param databaseName
* the name which should be used
*/
public MetaBuilder(String databaseName) {
this.databaseName = databaseName;
}
/**
* Initializes the builder with values from the given meta.
*
* @param meta
* the values from this will initialize the builder
*/
public MetaBuilder(Meta meta) {
this.generator = meta.getGenerator();
this.databaseName = meta.getDatabaseName();
this.databaseDescription = meta.getDatabaseDescription();
this.databaseNameChanged = meta.getDatabaseNameChanged();
this.databaseDescriptionChanged = meta.getDatabaseDescriptionChanged();
this.maintenanceHistoryDays = meta.getMaintenanceHistoryDays();
this.recycleBinUuid = meta.getRecycleBinUuid();
this.recycleBinEnabled = meta.getRecycleBinEnabled();
this.recycleBinChanged = meta.getRecycleBinChanged();
this.historyMaxItems = meta.getHistoryMaxItems();
this.historyMaxSize = meta.getHistoryMaxSize();
this.customIcons = meta.getCustomIcons();
this.binaries = meta.getBinaries();
}
public MetaBuilder databaseName(String databaseName) {
this.databaseName = databaseName;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder generator(String generator) {
this.generator = generator;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder databaseDescription(String databaseDescription) {
this.databaseDescription = databaseDescription;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder databaseNameChanged(Calendar databaseNameChanged) {
this.databaseNameChanged = databaseNameChanged;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder databaseDescriptionChanged(Calendar databaseDescriptionChanged) {
this.databaseDescriptionChanged = databaseDescriptionChanged;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder maintenanceHistoryDays(int maintenanceHistoryDays) {
this.maintenanceHistoryDays = maintenanceHistoryDays;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder recycleBinUuid(UUID recycleBinUuid) {
this.recycleBinUuid = recycleBinUuid;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder recycleBinChanged(Calendar recycleBinChanged) {
this.recycleBinChanged = recycleBinChanged;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder recycleBinEnabled(boolean recycleBinEnabled) {
this.recycleBinEnabled = recycleBinEnabled;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder historyMaxItems(long historyMaxItems) {
this.historyMaxItems = historyMaxItems;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder historyMaxSize(long historyMaxSize) {
this.historyMaxSize = historyMaxSize;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder customIcons(CustomIcons customIcons) {
this.customIcons = customIcons;
return this;
}
public MetaBuilder binaries(Binaries binaries) {
this.binaries = binaries;
return this;
}
/**
* Builds a new meta with the values from the builder.
*
* @return a new meta object
*/
public Meta build() {
return new Meta(this);
}
@Override
public String getGenerator() {
return generator;
}
@Override
public String getDatabaseName() {
return databaseName;
}
@Override
public String getDatabaseDescription() {
return databaseDescription;
}
@Override
public Calendar getDatabaseNameChanged() {
return databaseNameChanged;
}
@Override
public Calendar getDatabaseDescriptionChanged() {
return databaseDescriptionChanged;
}
@Override
public int getMaintenanceHistoryDays() {
return maintenanceHistoryDays;
}
@Override
public UUID getRecycleBinUuid() {
return recycleBinUuid;
}
@Override
public Calendar getRecycleBinChanged() {
return recycleBinChanged;
}
@Override
public boolean getRecycleBinEnabled() {
return recycleBinEnabled;
}
@Override
public long getHistoryMaxItems() {
return historyMaxItems;
}
@Override
public long getHistoryMaxSize() {
return historyMaxSize;
}
@Override
public CustomIcons getCustomIcons() {
return customIcons;
}
@Override
public Binaries getBinaries() {
return binaries;
}
}
|
Tag Archives: closet
I don’t want to be your secret but rather your celebration
a love that’s hides in shadows
Is as false as the lies that you tell to keep us separate
Separate from your ‘normal’ life
Your family wouldn’t understand
How nice for them that you consider their feelings instead of my own
Your friends would not accept this
Well, some friends you have that would reject you for love
This is fear
Base fear
Your joy is worth the loss of people who wouldn’t love you if they knew you
I am worth the peril of walking unfettered in daylight
You need not face it alone
Or fear can embrace you, hold your heart and kiss you. Because it will not be I
Behind the bedroom door is for specifics
For the rest
I’ll not be your secret
Rather crowed from the rooftops
Than whispers and sly looks
Cause, honey, everyone knows already.
You are just letting them define the narrative |
This is, Luxury Salvaged Wood Coffee Table for Reclaimed Wood Lodge Cabin Rustic Coffee Table, a photo about salvaged wood coffee table which could be your guide choosing the best decorating space. There are tons of ideas and inspirations that might be helpful for your work on decorating your room house interior design. Here we have collected various references about salvaged wood coffee table which available in high quality images. This photo is saved from www.kathykuohome.com. |
CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester)-based propolis extract (Bio 30) suppresses the growth of human neurofibromatosis (NF) tumor xenografts in mice.
Dysfunction of the NF1 gene coding a RAS GAP is the major cause of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), whereas neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is caused primarily by dysfunction of the NF2 gene product called merlin that inhibits directly PAK1, an oncogenic Rac/CDC42-dependent Ser/Thr kinase. It was demonstrated previously that PAK1 is essential for the growth of both NF1 and NF2 tumors. Thus, several anti-PAK1 drugs, including FK228 and CEP-1347, are being developed for the treatment of NF tumors. However, so far no effective NF therapeutic is available on the market. Since propolis, a very safe healthcare product from bee hives, contains anticancer ingredients called CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester) or ARC (artepillin C), depending on the source, both of which block the oncogenic PAK1 signaling pathways, its potential therapeutic effect on NF tumors was explored in vivo. Here it is demonstrated that Bio 30, a CAPE-rich water-miscible extract of New Zealand (NZ) propolis suppressed completely the growth of a human NF1 cancer called MPNST (malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor) and caused an almost complete regression of human NF2 tumor (Schwannoma), both grafted in nude mice. Although CAPE alone has never been used clinically, due to its poor bioavailability/water-solubility, Bio 30 contains plenty of lipids which solubilize CAPE, and also includes several other anticancer ingredients that seem to act synergistically with CAPE. Thus, it would be worth testing clinically to see if Bio 30 and other CAPE-rich propolis are useful for the treatment of NF patients. |
Sustainable Seafood: A Guide to the Guides
JBF Editors
Search Recipes
Fishing practices are harming our ocean ecosystems at an alarming rate by depleting populations, polluting the water, and destroying habitats. Making sustainable seafood choices is something we can all do to make a difference. There’s an array of apps, websites, and other tools to nudge us in the right direction, but which one is right for your lifestyle? We did some research so you can make an educated choice.
GUIDE: Blue Ocean Institute
PLATFORMS: Website and app
TARGET: Chefs and consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: Users without smart phones can text the name of a fish to get sustainability info through the “FishPhone” program
WHAT WE LEARNED: Partnering with the Chefs Collaborative, the institute developed a “Green Chefs, Blue Ocean” program that includes an interactive online curriculum for chefs and culinary students.
GUIDE: Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch
PLATFORMS: Website, app, and pocket guide
TARGET: Chefs and consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: The app locates sustainable choices via GPS, and the website features sustainable recipes and a “tools for chefs” category with a Buyer’s Guide and culinary chart of alternatives
WHAT WE LEARNED: U.S.-farmed cobia is a tasty alternative to the coveted (and threatened) Chilean sea bass.
GUIDE: Safe Seafood
PLATFORMS: App only ($1)
TARGET: Concerned consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: The only app that compiles research from ten different sources, it allows you to sort from best to worst; 10% of proceeds from app sales are donated to the Environmental Defense Fund
WHAT WE LEARNED: Roughly 3.7 million acres of critical mangrove and coastal habitats have been destroyed by shrimp farms overseas. U.S. farms are a better alternative, and wild pink shrimp from Oregon are best.
GUIDE: Environmental Defense Fund’s Seafood Selector
PLATFORMS: Website, mobile-optimized site, and pocket guide
TARGET: Concerned consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: Offers toxicity and health info and both seafood and sushi guides; works with troubled fisheries to improve conservation
WHAT WE LEARNED: Canned salmon is actually in the “eco-best” category. American eels have very high levels of mercury and PCBs—it’s recommended that adults eat no more than one serving per year!
GUIDE: Food & Water Watch’s Smart Seafood Guide
PLATFORMS: Website and pocket guide
TARGET: Concerned consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: Includes invasive species and allows you to search by flavor characteristics (e.g., mild, steak-like)
WHAT WE LEARNED: Yet another reason to buy local: less than 2% of imported seafood is actually inspected.
GUIDE: Natural Resources Defense Council
PLATFORMS: Website only (pocket guide just for mercury levels)
TARGET: Concerned consumers
SPECIAL FEATURES: Has sustainable recipes, a local produce map, and a host of celebrity supporters, including Leonardo DiCaprio, Alec Baldwin, and Stella McCartney
WHAT WE LEARNED: Most tilapia are farmed in Asia, where the fish are often treated with male sex hormones to induce a sex change since the male fish grow faster and are more lucrative. Always choose U.S.-farmed. |
The study of interfaces in quasicrystalline alloys is relatively new. Apart from the change in orientation, symmetry and chemistry which can occur across homophase and heterophase boundaries in crystalline materials, we have the additional, exciting possibility of an interface between quasicrystalline and its rational approximant. High resolution electron microscopy is a powerful technique to study the structural details of such interfaces. We report the results of a HREM study of the interface between the icosahedral phase and the related Al13Fe4 type monoclinic phase in melt spun and annealed Al65Cu20Fe15 alloy.
Pure and yttria, calcia doped zirconia powders were prepared in nanostructured form by the method of co-precipitation by hydrolysis. As prepared and heat treated powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Features and variations in crystallite/particle size measurements by both XRD and TEM are discussed. |
Evaluation of the Roche COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 test for quantifying HIV-1 RNA in infected cells and lymphoid tissue.
Lymphoid tissue is the main reservoir of HIV-1 in infected individuals. In this study the COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 test was evaluated for use with the High Pure System (HPS), for quantifying HIV-1 RNA in infected cells and lymphoid tissue specimens. Serial dilutions of 8E5-LAV1 infected T-cells into SUP-T1 cells and 44 tonsil specimens were examined. Some modifications of the test were required, such as the removal of residual DNA and the HIV-1 RNA output copies were adjusted to the sample input and expressed as HIV-1 RNA copies/μg of total RNA. The Roche COBAS® TaqMan HIV-1® (HPS) test proved to be a robust, sensitive, specific and reproducible method for quantifying HIV-1 RNA in infected cells and lymphoid tissue. Linearity and reproducibility were observed in serial dilutions of 8E5-LAV1 infected T-cells (R²>0.86). High reproducibility was found in clinical tonsil specimens (Wilcoxon test p > 0.05). rDNase I treatment was essential to avoid false positives caused by residual HIV-1 DNA, mainly in tonsil specimens obtained from infected patients receiving effective antiretroviral treatment. Probit analysis determined the limit of detection as 22HIV-1 RNA copies/μg of total RNA. The Roche COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 (HPS) test thereby proved to be a helpful tool for measuring the HIV-1 viral load in infected cells and lymphoid tissue reservoirs. |
This series is inspired by a controversy thread where someone posited the idea that besides THE MISSION and some Sergio Leone westerns Ennio Morricone hasn't written anything great. Rather than making my usual comment that most of Morricone's great scores are from Italy and trying to get Americans to listen to them is like getting them to see movies with subtitles, I decided to take another tact. Since I am at an age where I will only be able to make my case a finite number of times I decided to turn this into a series presenting each great score one at a time, sort of like recordman.
For those who feel I'm not getting to your Foreign language favorites fast enough please do your own posts the more the merrier. But I gotta go my gut and how I discovered and explored the world of Morricone. There were so many lounge scores I was at a loss but then I remembered this one. ANCHE SE VOLESSI, CHE FACCIO? or roughly "Even If I Wanted to Work, What Would I Do?" was a 1972 comedy in Italian and the first directing effort by production designer Flavio Mogherini. The centerpiece for this is "Lei Se Ne More" a semi-song floating on a gorgeous piece of orchestration. As ethereal as Morricone has ever gotten. I couldn't wait to present it to you. Here it is:
Incidentally this is one of two times (the other is SONNY AND JED) that Morricone got his friend Nicola Samale to conduct the score. Nicola is a reknown conductor and composer in Italy. His work consists of numerous classical pieces plus 5 operas. As you can see this score is too dear for me to skip over. There are a few more lovely themes here like "Tramonto", "Anghingo" and "Per La Strada" so no monothematic restrictions this time. There is even a wacky song "Ora A Te, Poi A Me" to fill out the album. The storyline involves 4 friends who resort to stealing archaeological treasures from Etruscan tombs and are chased about by insurance agents and the police. I don't know how the images match up with the music. But the music is heavenly. Just wish I had more to display.
Morricone you can always upload the music on youtube yourself. Just use Windows MovieMaker and use as a visual a picture of the front cover, which you can easily find via google images. Won't take long.
I'm sure there are others ways as well if you look around (zshare.net perhaps).
Never got around to checking this one out remember enjoying some of the tracks though on Movie Grooves what a great site that was I'm sure I must have bought well over a hundred cds after checking out the rich samples they had up.
Morricone you can always upload the music on youtube yourself. Just use Windows MovieMaker and use as a visual a picture of the front cover, which you can easily find via google images. Won't take long.
I'm sure there are others ways as well if you look around (zshare.net perhaps).
Peter
Thanks, plindboe! I'm learning some stuff in this process. But not very quickly. Youtube has Failed (invalid file format) me 3 times. I'll begin again tomorrow.
A personal favourite and great to hear it's been reissued. Anyone even remotely interested in the music of the Maestro and hasn't heard this one, should take the opportunity to get it. Wonderful stuff! |
A Useful Guide to Several Vape Juices
02 Mar A Useful Guide to Several Vape Juices
Vaping is now the most popular form of tobacco use among teenagers in the world. Vaping community is growing day by day. If you smoke, E-Cigarette is a good option for you. An E-Cigarette is a battery-operated device which emits vaporized nicotine supplements. There are a huge range of vape juice or e-liquid available in the market, which is the most crucial part of e-cig.
The Ultimate List of Best Vape Juice Flavors
Since vaping and E-cigs have become so popular, so many big companies are trying to transform their business into this proposition. E-cig juice comes in endless flavors. Have you ever gone to purchase a Vape juice in the market or any online store? If yes, then you have found a huge variety of e-liquid.
Fruit Flavor: If you love to eat fruits like strawberry or pineapple you may love the premium range of fruit vape juice flavor. A special strawberry and pineapple blend makes the e-liquid truly divine. It comes with a delicious taste of fruit beverage.
Tobacco Flavor: If you smoke and you enjoy tobacco taste, then this flavor is for you. A standard tobacco flavor can be the perfect way to vape. You may like this flavor. This e-juice flavor provides you a fix for your desire without the tar and different harmful chemicals found in regular cigarettes. Coffee Flavor: Coffee and cigarettes go together and makes a good combination for smokers. Most of the people like smoking along with coffee. If you love the taste of coffee, then you will love this flavor too. It comes with the pleasant taste of coffee.
There are many vape shops available in the market. However, S & Heaven is a reputed vape shop from where you can buy best E-Liquid flavor or vape Juice according to your taste and choice. The store provides a wide range of E-Liquid flavors. Hence, buying the best vape juice is easier. |
Male Power Indeed
This thruster bikini is a real find. Made of bamboo and lycra this feels comfortable while on and can be worn for long periods of time. It also looks great on. So far I haven't found anything that I don't like about these, and I notoriously picky about underwear.
The Thruster Bikini by Male Power looks like your typical pair of bikini style men's underwear. Made from 95% bamboo and 5% lycra it felt more like silk underwear when I first put them on than anything else I could compare it too. This was my first time wearing something made out of bamboo and count me among those that are pleasantly surprised. This is a great piece for a man's collection to tease his partner, but it is also functional and can be worn during everyday life.
When the bikini arrived I pulled out the box and took a look at the packaging. It comes in a cardboard box, much like other men's boxer briefs or boxer shorts you would find in stores. On the front there is a picture of a man wearing the underwear with a picture of bamboo beside him. The company's name "Male Power" appears in the lower right hand corner and the name of the product is below that. On the bottom of the box there is a size chart which I will try and recreate below. (For this review I'm only including US sizing) The measurements are for the man's waist in inches.
I wear either a size 34 or 36 in pants and so I chose the Lg just to be sure. The fit is just fine, not tight at all, but not big and loose either. If you are a size 38 I would suggest the Lg but anything else I would suggest the XL. If you are a 34 go ahead and get the Lg and you will not feel tightness.
On the back of the box is another picture of a man in a different Male Power product and a statement that the bamboo used was "100%" naturally grown and 100% biodegradable." There are also some bullet points directly below this claim indicating that this product is Breathable and wicks away moisture, antibacterial and ideal for allergy prone or sensitive skin. I have very sensitive skin and thought "Yeah sure," upon seeing this claim. I must say this is some of the nicest packaging that I have seen for male products. I am keeping the box and putting the bikini back in for the time being and it stores well.
Once inside the box the bikini is in a plastic bag and has a tag on it that is easily removed. There are laundry directions on the tag sewn into the bikini and on the box as well that I will detail in a moment. The elastic band at the top of the bikini is black with the letters "MP" on the elastic in several spots as well as what I can only assume is the logo for the company. Like I said earlier the bikini is made from 95% bamboo and 5% lycra and feels incredible when on. I compared them to some silk boxer shorts that I had and my wife agrees with the way they feel. The bikini cut is identical to most regular briefs that you would wear and I haven't had any problems with the material bunching or riding up as of yet.
I have worn these three times now, once in the bedroom and twice during the day. The claims on the packaging are true, it does wick away moisture. I went to the gym while wearing these and ran 4 miles and the underwear felt dry when I was done with my workout. Going through the day I did not have a problem with the underwear itching, riding up or bunching at all. It's honestly the most comfortable pair of briefs I've worn in a long time. The elastic holds up and doesn't double over like on some briefs and boxer briefs that I own. My package will also sit comfortably, one of the reasons I don't tend to wear briefs is because of the tightness that can occur in that area, but with these I felt like I had plenty of room to breathe.
Caring for these is very simple. There are directions on both the box and on the tag that is sewn in the underwear themselves. It says "Machine Wash Cold, No Bleach, Tumble Dry Cool, Remove Promptly." I have thrown these in the washer with my other colors and the dryer and have not had a problem yet. They even feel a little softer than they did right out of the box. You could also certainly hand wash them if you want to and then hang dry.
Experience
I was very impressed with this bikini brief. I don't often wear them but found these to be comfortable and my wife found them to be sexy as well. These can seem expensive for one pair of briefs, but think of kind of like those Calvin Klien's that you buy in the department store. That is a more apt comparison than the 3-pack of briefs that you buy at Target. I would definitely recommend these.
Follow-up commentaryI still like it2 months after original review
I've had this bikini for several months and still love it. The material is comfortable and seems to get softer each time it's in the laundry. It wicks away moisture, can be worn in normal settings and not just in the bedroom. I now have the teal bikini as well and wear these at least once every two weeks. A really good investment.
This product was provided free of charge to the reviewer. This review is in compliance with the
FTC guidelines. |
Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase and endothelial dysfunction in failing hearts.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation (endothelial dysfunction). We hypothesized that coronary endothelial dysfunction in CHF may be due in part to decreased dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), the enzyme that degrades endogenous inhibitors of NO synthase (NOS), including asymmetric dimethylarginine. Coronary blood flow and the endothelium-dependent vasodilator response to acetylcholine were studied in dogs in which CHF was produced by rapid ventricular pacing for 4 wk. Coronary flow and myocardial O2 consumption at rest and during treadmill exercise were decreased after development of CHF, and the vasodilator response to intracoronary acetylcholine (75 microg/min) was decreased by 39 +/- 5%. DDAH activity and DDAH isoform 2 (DDAH-2) protein content were decreased by 53 +/- 13% and 58 +/- 14%, respectively, in hearts with CHF, whereas endothelial NOS and DDAH isoform 1 (DDAH-1) were increased. Caveolin-1 and protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1, the enzyme that produces asymmetric dimethylarginine, were unchanged. Immunohistochemical staining showed DDAH-1 strongly expressed in coronary endothelium and smooth muscle and in the sarcolemma of cardiac myocytes. In cultured human endothelial cells, DDAH-1 was uniformly distributed in the cytosol and nucleus, whereas DDAH-2 was found only in the cytosol. Decreased DDAH activity and DDAH-2 protein expression may cause accumulation of endogenous inhibitors of endothelial NOS, thereby contributing to endothelial dysfunction in the failing heart. |
3*h - 5*s. Give n(h).
6
Let k(x) = -3*x**2 - x. Let m = 11 + -9. Suppose m*n + 1 + 1 = 0. Give k(n).
-2
Let p(f) = -f - 4. Suppose 2*l + 0*c = 3*c - 35, 4*c + 78 = -3*l. Let z be 7/2 + (-1)/(-2). Let x be l/z + (-2)/(-4). Determine p(x).
1
Let k(x) = -4*x - 4. Let b(z) = -11*z - 11. Let o(c) = -3*b(c) + 8*k(c). Give o(0).
1
Suppose 0 = 5*a + 3*h - 5 - 4, -5*a + h = -17. Let j(w) = -w**2 - w + 3. Calculate j(a).
-9
Suppose -f - 10 = -6*f. Let z(q) = 3*q**2 - q + 5*q**3 + 3 - 3*q - 3*q**3 - 3*q**3. What is z(f)?
-1
Let h(p) = -4*p**3 + 1. Let n(m) = m + 1. Let c be n(-2). Let f(o) = -o**3 - o**2 + 2*o + 1. Let y be f(c). Determine h(y).
5
Let k(x) = 6*x**3 - 2*x**2 - 2*x + 3. Let n be k(1). Let g(j) be the second derivative of 1/20*j**n + 2*j**2 + 0 - j**3 - 1/3*j**4 - 3*j. What is g(5)?
-1
Let t be (-3)/6 - 3/(-6). Suppose t*q + 10 = 5*q. Suppose m + 5*g = 5, g = -2*m - q*m + 20. Let i(x) = x**2 - 3*x - 4. What is i(m)?
6
Let c = -4 + 1. Let l be c/(-3)*(1 - 1). Let y(b) = 4*b**3 - 3*b**2 + 3*b + 5. Let h(m) = -m**3 + m**2 - m + 1. Let j(f) = 3*h(f) + y(f). Determine j(l).
8
Let h(z) = 3*z**2 + 5*z - 2. Let f(x) = -2*x**2 - 5*x + 2. Let r(y) = 4*f(y) + 3*h(y). Give r(4).
-2
Let m(a) = -57 + 2*a**2 + 113 - 58. Determine m(-3).
16
Let u(j) = -j**2 + 6*j - 6. Suppose -2*y = -4, -2*y - 3*y = 5*z - 40. Let f be u(z). Let o(a) = a + 4. Determine o(f).
-2
Suppose -4*g + 3*g + 1 = 0. Let t(u) = 4*u - 4*u + g - u - 4. What is t(0)?
-3
Suppose 2*t + 3*t + 10 = 0. Let p(v) = 4*v**2 + 3*v + 1. Determine p(t).
11
Let k be 3/1 - (-4 + 1). Let l(h) = -2*h + 1. Let j(z) = -z - 1. Let i(v) = j(v) - l(v). Give i(k).
4
Suppose -2*d - 3*z + 3 - 11 = 0, d - 3*z = 14. Let q(i) = -i + 2*i**d - 6 + 6*i**2 - 7*i**2. What is q(0)?
-6
Let f(c) be the first derivative of -c**2/2 - 3*c - 1. Suppose 0 = -2*k - 1 - 3. Let o be (15/12)/(k/8). Calculate f(o).
2
Suppose 0 = 5*f - 5*h + 40, -h + 5*h = -3*f - 17. Let x(q) be the second derivative of q**5/20 + q**4/2 - 3*q**3/2 - 3*q**2 - 2*q. Give x(f).
8
Let b(k) be the first derivative of 2 + 10*k - 5/2*k**2 - 1/3*k**3. What is b(-7)?
-4
Let m be (-1)/(-4) - 68/16. Let c(t) be the third derivative of -t**4/12 - t**3 - 7*t**2. Give c(m).
2
Let c(h) = h**3 + 1. Suppose -5*q + 30 = 5*f, 5 = q + 2*f - 3. Suppose -q*g + 139 = 43. Suppose 3*x = -3*u + 9, -5*u + g = -x + 9. What is c(x)?
1
Let t be -1*(1 - -1) - -4. Let v(u) = -2*u + 1. Let b(d) = d**2 + 2*d. Let g(i) = 2*b(i) + 3*v(i). Give g(t).
7
Let q(r) be the second derivative of r**2 + 0 - 1/24*r**4 - 1/60*r**5 + 1/3*r**3 + r. Let y(z) be the first derivative of q(z). Determine y(-3).
-4
Let u be 6/3*4/(-8). Let m(q) = 13*q**3 + q**2 + q. What is m(u)?
-13
Let q(z) = z. Let i(b) be the first derivative of 4*b**2 - 1. Let o(m) = 6*i(m) - 51*q(m). Suppose u - 1 = -4. Determine o(u).
9
Let a(z) = 6*z**2 - z. Let n(u) = u**2. Let f(w) = 2*w**2 - w. Let i(m) = f(m) + 3*n(m). Let t(s) = 3*a(s) - 4*i(s). What is t(1)?
-1
Suppose 0 = -4*w - 7 - 9. Let a(z) be the second derivative of -z**4/12 - z**3/2 - z**2 + 7*z. Give a(w).
-6
Let x(i) = 6*i**2 - i**2 - 6 - i**3 + 2*i**2. What is x(7)?
-6
Let w be 5/(3/3) + -2. Let p(f) = -f**w + 1 + 0 - 2. What is p(-1)?
0
Let i(l) be the first derivative of -l**3/3 + 3*l**2 - 3*l - 18. Let t(y) = y**2 + 5*y + 6. Let f be t(-4). Calculate i(f).
5
Let i(o) = -4*o + 3. Let c = -29 + 31. Calculate i(c).
-5
Let t(d) = -d**3 - 6*d**2 - d - 4. Let b(v) = -2*v**2 + 4*v. Let q be b(3). Give t(q).
2
Let b be 1*6*2/3. Let j(v) = 3*v**2 - 3 + 5*v**3 - 3*v**3 - b*v - 4. Let g(k) = k**3 + k**2 - k - 1. Let l(w) = 3*g(w) - j(w). Give l(0).
4
Let w be 1 + 0 + 0 - 6. Let h(r) = -r**3 - 5*r**2 - 6. What is h(w)?
-6
Let u(h) be the third derivative of h**4/12 + h**3/2 - h**2. Give u(-4).
-5
Let p(t) be the first derivative of 3*t**2/2 - 3*t - 6. What is p(2)?
3
Suppose 4*u + 9*u = 0. Let t(g) = 0 - g + 2 + 1. Calculate t(u).
3
Let k(u) be the second derivative of u**3/6 - 11*u**2/2 + 4*u - 10. What is k(13)?
2
Let g(j) = 3*j**2 + j**2 - 3*j**2 - 3*j + 2*j. Suppose 12 - 27 = -5*q. Let o be 5/q + 6/(-9). Calculate g(o).
0
Let k(s) be the first derivative of -7 + 2*s**3 + s - 1/4*s**4 - 3*s**2. Determine k(5).
-4
Let m(r) be the third derivative of r**4/12 + r**3/6 - 8*r**2. Calculate m(1).
3
Let y(s) = 3*s - 1. Let d(f) = f - 5. Let b(q) = -2*q + 9. Let a(z) = -2*b(z) - 5*d(z). Let x be a(11). Let c be x/6 - 5/(-3). Determine y(c).
2
Suppose 0 = 4*d + 4 - 20. Suppose -4*m - d = -2*m. Let k(z) = -2*z**3 + 3*z**2 + 4. Let a(w) = -3*w**3 + 6*w**2 + 7. Let g(h) = -4*a(h) + 7*k(h). Give g(m).
4
Let g(s) = 5*s**2 - s. Let n be (20/(-8))/(1/(-2)). Suppose -n*k + 0 = 5. Give g(k).
6
Let n(a) = -3*a**3 + 6*a**2 - a + 2. Let w(t) = -10*t**3 + 19*t**2 - 4*t + 7. Let j(h) = 7*n(h) - 2*w(h). Give j(4).
4
Let u(f) be the third derivative of -f**5/60 - 7*f**4/24 - 2*f**3/3 + 3*f**2. Determine u(-3).
8
Let h = 3 - 0. Suppose -n + 5*j = -20, -3*n + 11 - 51 = 5*j. Let f = n + h. Let l(a) = a + 1. What is l(f)?
-1
Let u(o) be the second derivative of 0*o**3 + 0*o**2 + 1/10*o**5 + 2*o + 0 + 1/12*o**4. Let j(g) = -3*g**3 - g**2. Let a(z) = -3*j(z) - 4*u(z). Give a(1).
0
Let o(n) be the second derivative of n**5/20 + n**4/3 - n**3/6 + n**2 + n. Let d(v) = 2*v. Let g be d(1). Suppose g*r + 5 + 3 = 0. Give o(r).
6
Let d be (-1)/5 + 52/10. Let g(n) = -2*n - 4. Let i be g(-3). Let k(m) = 9*m - 2*m - m**i - 1 - 6. Give k(d).
3
Let s(k) = -k**2 - 7*k + 3. Let u(r) = r**2 + r - 1. Let z(j) = s(j) + 2*u(j). Determine z(4).
-3
Let v(r) = 2*r**2 - 2*r + 1. Let k be v(1). Let g be 2 + k + 2/(-2). Let i(n) be the second derivative of n**4/12 - n**3/6 - n**2 - 2*n. What is i(g)?
0
Suppose 0 = 3*c - 5*i - 3, -5*c - 3*i + 42 = i. Let w be ((-3)/c)/((-4)/(-48)). Let y(h) = h - 1. Give y(w).
-7
Let t(r) = 9. Let y(d) = -d - 1. Let u(l) = t(l) + y(l). Let b be u(7). Let q = 2 + b. Let c(a) = a**2 - 4*a + 3. Determine c(q).
0
Let z(b) be the first derivative of 3*b**2/2 - 4*b - 16. Determine z(-3).
-13
Let q(l) = -27*l**2 + 2 - l - l + 0*l + 29*l**2. Calculate q(2).
6
Let n(m) = -6*m**3 + 12*m**2 - 10*m + 5. Let v(t) = 7*t**3 - 13*t**2 + 11*t - 6. Let w be (10/(-6))/(1/(-3)). Let h(b) = w*v(b) + 6*n(b). Determine h(6).
6
Let v(l) = l**2 - l - 12. Let w be ((-4)/6)/(14/(-189)). Let i = w + -9. Calculate v(i).
-12
Let h = 23 - 25. Let i(q) be the first derivative of -1 + 0*q**3 + 1/4*q**4 - 3*q - 2*q**2. Determine i(h).
-3
Let r(i) = 3*i**2 + 2*i**3 - 7*i**2 + 4*i**2 + 3*i. Let w(c) = 2*c**3 + c**2 + 3*c. Let u(z) = 3*r(z) - 2*w(z). Give u(2).
14
Let h(y) be the second derivative of y**4/12 + y**3/2 - 3*y**2/2 - 20*y. Give h(-5).
7
Let r(t) = t**3 + t**2 + 4. Let z(a) = -a**2 + a + 2. Let d(o) = -7*o**2 + 2 + o**3 + 2*o + 2*o + 2*o. Let w be d(6). Let q be z(w). What is r(q)?
4
Let u(q) = q**2 + 5*q - 1. Let t(z) = z**2 - 10*z + 19. Let n be t(6). What is u(n)?
-1
Let c(k) = k. Let n be (-2)/(-9) + 244/36. Give c(n).
7
Let k(c) = c - 4. Suppose 5*f = 0, -3*t - 6 = f - 21. What is k(t)?
1
Let q be ((-4)/(-10))/((-2)/(-10)). Suppose q*c - 13 = -3*t, c - 4*t - 16 = -3*c. Let w = c - 3. Let n(j) = -j**3 + 4*j - 3. What is n(w)?
-3
Let r be 9/(-2 + 5)*1. Let m(l) = -l**3 + l**2 - l + 1. Let z(x) = -2*x**3 + 2*x**2 - x + 2. Suppose 3 = -2*d + 1. Let c(g) = d*z(g) + r*m(g). What is c(2)?
-7
Let n(d) = d**3 - 4*d**2 + 3*d + 3. Let g(s) = -2*s**3 + 7*s**2 - 5*s - 5. Let q(r) = 3*g(r) + 5*n(r). Give q(0).
0
Let y(m) = m**2 + 5*m + 2. Let j(d) = -5*d**2 - 25*d - 10. Let x(t) = 2*j(t) + 11*y(t). Determine x(-2).
-4
Suppose 22*v - 10 = 27*v. Let y be -10*(6/4)/(-3). Let h(o) = o**2 - 5 + 2 + y. What is h(v)?
6
Let q(p) = -p**2 - 8*p - 2. Let b be q(-7). Let d(u) = -9*u**2 - u**3 + 1 + b + 14*u**2. Let h = 4 + 1. Calculate d(h).
6
Let q be 2 + -1 + 1 - 7. Let t(g) = -4*g**2 - 8*g + 6. Let l(b) = -3*b**2 - 7*b + 6. Let u(k) = -3*l(k) + 2*t(k). Calculate u(q).
-6
Let w(m) = 2*m**2 - 3*m + 3. Let r(h) = -10 - 6*h**2 - h**2 + 3*h + 6*h**2 + 10*h. Let n be r(12). Calculate w(n).
5
Let o = 1 - 4. Let h(z) = -2*z - 18. Let k(v) = -v - 5. Let n(l) = 3*l + 16. Let c(r) = -11*k(r) - 4*n(r). Let m(y) = o*h(y) + 5*c(y). Determine m(-5).
4
Suppose k = 2*k - 5. Let d(x) = k*x**3 - 5 - 6*x**3 - 4*x**2 + 8*x + 10. Suppose 5*s - 3*s = |
<?php namespace FacturaScripts\Dinamic\Lib;
/**
* Class created by Core/Base/PluginManager
* @author FacturaScripts <carlos@facturascripts.com>
*/
class CustomerRiskTools extends \FacturaScripts\Core\Lib\CustomerRiskTools
{
}
|
Q:
How to store in a variable the name of the class that will be used in place of a generic class?
Trying to re-factor the code, I've created a base class where I've put all the common functionality. I'm stuck with this one delegate that I want to convert to a method.
Func<LogImportTestArgs, IList<TranslationTask>>
getParserWithMocks = (args) =>
{
return TestParserWithMocks<MyGenericClass>(
parserConstName: args.ParserConstName,
logFileName: args.LogFileName,
srcLocale: args.SrcLocale,
tgtLocale: args.TgtLocale,
tlType: args.TranslationType,
ttype: args.TTtype,
logMappingID: args.LogMappingID
);
};
Everything is straightforward except for the generic class that I don't know how to store in a variable. I've tried to store the name of the class as a string, but I'm getting the error when I replace MyGenericClass with a string.
protected IList<TranslationTask> getParserWithMocks(LogImportTestArgs args)
{
return TestParserWithMocks<MyGenericClass>(
parserConstName: args.ParserConstName,
logFileName: args.LogFileName,
srcLocale: args.SrcLocale,
tgtLocale: args.TgtLocale,
tlType: args.TranslationType,
ttype: args.TTtype,
logMappingID: args.LogMappingID
);
};
Is there a way to stoire the value of the generic class in a variable? Otherwise I'm gonna have to copy/paste the same method on every tests. I'd like to have a central place where I can modify this method.
Thank you.
A:
If you want to parameterize MyGenericClass there, you will need to make the function generic:
protected IList<TranslationTask> GetParserWithMocks<T> (LogImportTestArgs args)
{
return TestParserWithMocks<T>(
parserConstName: args.ParserConstName,
logFileName: args.LogFileName,
srcLocale: args.SrcLocale,
tgtLocale: args.TgtLocale,
tlType: args.TranslationType,
ttype: args.TTtype,
logMappingID: args.LogMappingID
);
};
Then, when you call the function, you will need to pass in the generic type:
IList<TranslationTask> tasks = GetParserWithMocks<MyGenericClass>(args);
|
What to do When You’re Faced with Squirrel Problems
One of the most common urbanized wildlife in Toronto and the GTA is squirrels. Quick footed and fast grabbers, squirrel problems have recently become an urban homeowner’s nightmare. Their small and flexible bodies allow them to go in and out of spaces, hide inside tree barks, and enter structures through cracks and small holes. They are superior climbers and can also utilize chimneys, shingles, and unscreened vents to enter buildings. Much like some of the other wildlife, fall is the season squirrels start looking for a winter home that provides them with safety and warmth. Squirrels are notorious for chewing on various materials like plastic pipes, vents, all kinds of woods, electrical wires, and even siding. Damage from their chewing can cause anything from costly repairs to floods and even fires. While severe damage and potential fires/floods are the more serious squirrel problems, there is also a lot of noise and disturbance caused by these little invaders.
How to identify squirrels on your property?
Usually home or business owners are alerted by the noise squirrels make. They are not nocturnal and can function on next to no sleep, which allow them to be on the go almost all the time. They make quick scampering, light thumping, and scratching sounds. They habituate mostly in the attics and between walls so that’s where the sounds usually come from. Aside from the sounds, they leave droppings, however this may be difficult to identify as homeowners don’t often inspect their attics regularly, or have access to survey between the walls. Though droppings and urine may not be visible, they do have an unpleasant and strong smell that can be an indicator of their presence.
Aside from causing damage to the inside and outside structure of a building; squirrel problems can also include inflicted damage to lawns. Squirrels dig holes to hide their food from their predators. They can chew up landscaped trees and bushes, plants, fruits and vegetables for consumption. What attracts them to residential yards are; bird-feeders, pet foods, and nut and fruit trees.
How to resolve squirrel problems?
While there are many options available for a homeowner to rid of squirrels on their own, there are lots of ambiguities one should be careful of. Results of online research suggest poison, deathly traps, etc. However these options are illegal in Canada and are considered as animal cruelty. There are criminal charges and penalties associated to such activities. One’s safest choice is to contact a professional wildlife removal company. At SOS Wildlife Control Incorporated, we can help identify their entry and exit points, and often times provide on-site removal services via live trapping methods. Live trapping is the most humane method to remove squirrels.
Preventative measures
There are measures homeowners can take to avoid squirrel problems. One of the most important things is to be aware of any holes or cracks on the foundation of their property. These cracks and holes need to be fixed, soffits need to be secured and sealed shut, and all doors and windows should shut properly. In addition, ensuring no pet food is left outside, bird-feeders and its surrounding are kept clean and free of spread food, and fruits from trees are picked regularly, and the fallen fruits are cleaned up before squirrels get to them, are helpful practices.
Although squirrel problems can be a major nuisance to property owners, their ability to cause damage doesn’t exactly define their characteristics. They are full of personality and fun facts. For an informative read and pictures, you can check out National Geographic‘s write-up on squirrels. For a more summarized fun read, here are some interesting facts about the feathery tailed members of the wildlife:
Squirrels are natural gardeners. They have superior skills in digging holes for “planting” acorns. They do this gesture for the sole purpose of hiding their food. They bury thousands of acorns per season, and not all of them get found. This gives trees dispersal as it’s good for nuts to be buried in the soil for trees.
As they are natural gardeners, they can distinguish their foods apart and can store them accordingly. Simple example is the difference between red oak and white oak acorns. White oak acorns germinate faster than the reds, so squirrels tend to eat the white oak acorns first and store the red oak ones for winter. A study in 1996 called Animal Behavior has revealed that squirrels bite off the embryo of white oak acorns, paralyzing the seed’s ability to sprout, which keeps longer without germinating. This gives them variety for winter time snacking.
Squirrels are brilliant and they prepare for extreme weather conditions by collecting and storing food in hidden spots. In their natural habitats, they eat mushrooms. Many squirrels leave mushrooms between tree branches to dry as they keep better over winter.
Squirrels can run 20 miles/hour, and their sweat glands are located on their feet.
There are over 300 different types of squirrels but one of the most common ones we see are called “gray squirrels”. They are also referred to as “living fossils” because they haven’t changed in 37 million years.
Don’t let squirrel problems become an irritant in your life. It is very important to ensure you take action immediately after discovering squirrel invasion in your property. Their habit of chewing almost everything is an expensive repair work, but it can be even more destructive as electrical cables can cause fires, and chewed up water pipes could cause floods.
At SOS Wildlife Control Incorporated, we provide superior squirrel removal services for residential, commercial, and industrial clients. Let us help you solve your squirrel problems.
We can easily be reached at 1-800-981-0330. Don’t wait and call us to schedule an appointment for a thorough inspection to help evacuate all your unwanted wildlife guests in the most humane way possible. |
Kinetics and reversibility of micropollutant sorption in sludge.
The fate of micropollutants throughout wastewater treatment systems is highly dependent on their sorption interactions with sludge matter. In this study, both the sorption and desorption kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in activated sludge were shown to be very rapid in comparison to biodegradation kinetics. It was concluded that PAH transfer does not limit their biodegradation and that their fate is governed by the sorption/desorption equilibrium state. The effect of contact time between sludge and PAHs was also investigated. It was shown that aging did not influence the sorption/desorption equilibrium although PAH losses during aging suggest that sequestration phenomena had occurred. This implies that for PAH sorption assessment within treatment processes there is no need to include a contact time dimension. As a consequence, thanks to an innovative approach taking into account sorption equilibria and sequestration, this work has demonstrated that studies in the literature which, in main, deal with micropollutant sorption in sewage sludge with only a short contact time can be extrapolated to real systems in which sorption, desorption and aging occur. |
X-linked ectodermal dysplasia in the dog.
A male German shepherd pup had symmetrical areas of hairlessness as well as missing and misshapen teeth. There was no family history of a similar phenotype. In biopsies of the hairless skin and foot pads there were no hair follicles, adnexal structures, or eccrine glands. These findings resemble those in ectodermal dysplasia in the Tabby mouse and anhidrotic/hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) in man, which are both X-linked recessive disorders and thought to be homologous gene defects. While similar cases of ectodermal dysplasia have been reported in the dog and some genetic studies carried out, definitive confirmation of X-linked inheritance of canine ectodermal dysplasia is lacking. Family studies and experimental matings using the propositus gave results that confirm X-linked recessive inheritance. On statistical grounds, it is concluded that ED in the propositus is due to a new mutation. A colony of dogs with this mutation is maintained for further study. |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML lang="ja">
<HEAD>
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dsk_sakura.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico">
<TITLE>１ページアップ</TITLE>
<META NAME="MS-HKWD" CONTENT="１ページアップ">
<META NAME="MS-HKWD" CONTENT="1PageUp">
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<BODY>
<script type="text/javascript" src="item.js"></script>
<noscript>[<a href="HLP000001.html">目次</a>]<br></noscript>
<h2>１ページアップ</h2>
カーソルを1ページ上に移動します。<br>
「<a href="HLP000245.html">半ページアップ</a>」もあります。<br>
<br>
■<a href="HLP000204.html"><b>マクロ構文</b></a><br>
・構文: 1PageUp( int1 : Integer );<br>
PageUp( int1 : Integer ); (sakura:1.6.5.0以降)<br>
int1 移動行数(省略可能、ただしPPAマクロは省略不可) (sakura:2.2.0.0以降)<br>
・記録: ○ 現在の表示行数で記録されます。<br>
・解説<br>
移動行数は、デフォルトは0です。<br>
0を指定した場合、現在のウィンドウの高さ分移動します。<br>
</BODY></HTML>
|
#define Ansi_0_Color #1b1d1e
#define Ansi_1_Color #e60813
#define Ansi_10_Color #ff3338
#define Ansi_11_Color #fe3a35
#define Ansi_12_Color #1d50ff
#define Ansi_13_Color #747cff
#define Ansi_14_Color #6184ff
#define Ansi_15_Color #fffff9
#define Ansi_2_Color #e22928
#define Ansi_3_Color #e24756
#define Ansi_4_Color #2c3fff
#define Ansi_5_Color #2435db
#define Ansi_6_Color #3256ff
#define Ansi_7_Color #fffef6
#define Ansi_8_Color #505354
#define Ansi_9_Color #ff0325
#define Background_Color #1b1d1e
#define Badge_Color #8890ff
#define Bold_Color #ffffff
#define Cursor_Color #2c3fff
#define Cursor_Guide_Color #ff584c
#define Cursor_Text_Color #000000
#define Foreground_Color #e3e3e3
#define Link_Color #ad201e
#define Selected_Text_Color #f0272d
#define Selection_Color #070e50
#define Tab_Color #000000
|
Electrodynamics/Ampere's Law
In physics, Ampère's Circuital law, discovered by André-Marie Ampère, relates the circulating magnetic field in a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. It is the magnetic equivalent of Gauss's Law.
James Clerk Maxwell conceived of displacement current as a polarization current in the dielectric vortex sea which he used to model the magnetic field hydrodynamically and mechanically. He added this displacement current to Ampère's Circuital law at equation (112) in his 1861 paper On Physical Lines of Force.
The generalized law, as corrected by Maxwell, takes the following integral form:
[Ampere-Maxwell Law]
where in linear media
is the displacement flux density (in coulombs per square meter).
This Ampère-Maxwell law can also be stated in differential form:
where the second term arises from the displacement current.
With the addition of the displacement current, Maxwell was able to postulate (correctly) that light was a form of electromagnetic wave. See Electromagnetic wave equation for a discussion on this important discovery. We will discuss all of Maxwell's laws in a later chapter.
The Equivalent to Gauss's Law for Electricity is Ampère's Law in Magnetism. It's a bit more complicated and you should know Gauss's before getting a grip on this one.
Imagine a wire with current flowing through it, the right hand screw rule says that there will be a magnetic field curling around the way your fingers do with your thumb pointing the direction of conventional current.
You can predict that the magnetic field will be curling around proportionally to the current flowing. Ampère's Law will tell you how. |
Q:
Prove that if $EX_1^+=\infty$ and $EX_1^-<\infty$, then $\frac{S_n}n\stackrel{a.s.}\rightarrow\infty$
Let $\{X_n\}$ be $i.i.d$ and $S_n=\sum\limits_{k=1}^n X_k$. Prove that if $EX_1^+=\infty$ and $EX_1^-<\infty$, then $\frac{S_n}n\stackrel{a.s.}\rightarrow\infty$.
How to use the conditions $EX_1^+=\infty$ and $EX_1^-<\infty$?
Solution: Let $X_n^\prime=X_nI_{\{|X_n|\le M\}}$,then use the SLLN and MCT to prove the problem.
A:
Hint: Replace $X_k$ by the truncated random variable $\min(X_k, M)$ and apply the strong law of large numbers. Then let $M \to \infty$.
|
Q:
OrderBy multiple custom meta fields
I have a custom post type in my plugin named members, along with two custom fields; first_name and last_name. I am trying to order my listing my the last name, then the first name. The only solution I have found is one that utilizes a function to pull in the first two query meta fields and replaces them (I followed a tutorial at dotnordic.se). However, whenever I try this I have no posts returned. I have posted my code below. Any help on fixing the problem I have with my code or suggesting another way is greatly appreciated.
// Shortcode Function
function mba_members_list_code() {
// WP_Query arguments
$args = array (
'post_type' => 'member_data',
'post_status' => 'active',
'fields' => 'ids',
'posts_per_page' => -1,
'meta_key' => 'last_name',
'orderby' => 'meta_value',
'order' => 'ASC',
'meta_query' => array(
array(
'key' => 'first_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'last_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'publicly_listed',
'value' => 'true',
),
),
);
// The Query
$posts = get_posts( $args );
// The Loop
if( $posts ) {
echo "Total Members Found: " . count($posts) . "<br>";
foreach ( $posts as $post ) {
$q = get_post_meta($post);
echo "<b>" . $q['first_name'][0] . " " . $q['last_name'][0] . "</b><br>";
echo $q['city'][0] . ", " . $q['state'][0] . " " . $q['zip'][0] . "<br>";
echo "<a href='mailto:" . $q['email'][0] . "'>" . $q['email'][0] . "</a><br>";
echo "<br>";
}
unset( $post );
}else{
echo "<b>Sorry, we found no active members. Please be sure to check back soon.</b>";
}
}
EDIT
function customorder($orderby) {
global $wpdb;
return ' {$wpdb->postmeta}.meta_value, mt1.meta_value';
//return str_replace('menu_order', 'mt1.meta_value, mt2.meta_value', $orderby);
}
I know that there are other questions on this with an answer to implement this same function; however, whenever I implement it, I have no records/posts returned.
A:
EDIT (Please see the original answer for full explanation of the code)
The code in my original answer works as expected, but triggers a known bug with usort (Check the bug report here #50688)
WARNING Error: [2] usort(): Array was modified by the user comparison function
This bug is triggered only when the fields parameter is set in the arguments in get_posts, so the only workable workaround I could find was to remove the fields parameter and go with full posts being retrieved.
Here is the bug free working version
<?php
$args = array (
'post_type' => 'member_data',
'post_status' => 'active',
'posts_per_page' => -1,
'meta_query' => array(
array(
'key' => 'first_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'last_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'publicly_listed',
'value' => 'true',
),
),
);
$posts = get_posts( $args );
usort( $posts, function( $a, $b ){
// sort first by last name
$compare = strnatcmp(get_post_meta($a->ID, 'last_name', true), get_post_meta($b->ID, 'last_name', true));
// if last names are identical, sort by first name
if(!$compare) {
return strnatcmp(get_post_meta($a->ID, 'first_name', true), get_post_meta($b->ID, 'first_name', true));
}else{
return $compare;
}
});
if( $posts ) {
echo "Total Members Found: " . count($posts) . "<br>";
foreach ( $posts as $post ) {
$q = get_post_meta($post->ID);
echo "<b>" . $q['first_name'][0] . " " . $q['last_name'][0] . "</b><br>";
echo $q['city'][0] . ", " . $q['state'][0] . " " . $q['zip'][0] . "<br>";
echo "<a href='mailto:" . $q['email'][0] . "'>" . $q['email'][0] . "</a><br>";
echo "<br>";
}
unset( $post );
}else{
echo "<b>Sorry, we found no active members. Please be sure to check back soon.</b>";
}
}
ORIGINAL ANSWER
Unfortunately there is no way to do this type of sorting natively, so you will need to take a different approach here.
Use WP_Query, or even better get_posts retrieve your posts as normal. There is no need to apply any sorting at this stage. In my personal opinion, this is useless as you can sort only by one meta_value and not two. I would rather just use php sorting to order the posts as needed. (If you are going to use pagination, rather use WP_Query).
You are going to use usort to sort your posts, first by last_name, then if two or more persons share the same last_name, we will sort according to first_name.
Here is the concept:
Before I start, I want to point out a few things
Your meta_query is a mess unfortunately. Everything is within an array within an array within an array, where as it should be 3 separate arrays within one array
I would rather use get_posts here and also only retrieve the post ID's as you aren't going to make use of any postdata or any of the other data returned by WP_Query
This is quite a heavy operation as the db is visited two times for each post. You will have to look to make use of transients here.
Now for the solution
As said use get_posts to construct your query with. We are going to retrieve the posts which matches all three meta_key's
$args = array (
'post_type' => 'member_data',
'fields' => 'ids',
'post_status' => 'active',
'posts_per_page' => -1,
'meta_query' => array(
array(
'key' => 'first_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'last_name',
),
array(
'key' => 'publicly_listed',
'value' => 'true',
),
),
);
$posts = get_posts( $args );
We are now going to sort $posts by last_name then first_name using usort
usort( $posts, function( $a, $b ){
// sort first by last name
$compare = strnatcmp(get_post_meta($a, 'last_name', true), get_post_meta($b, 'last_name', true));
// if last names are identical, sort by first name
if(!$compare) {
return strnatcmp(get_post_meta($a, 'first_name', true), get_post_meta($b, 'first_name', true));
}else{
return $compare;
}
});
$posts should now be sorted alphabetically by last_name, and if the last_name is the same for two or more persons, they will be sorted in alphabetical order by first_name.
Your loop will now follow and look like this
if( $posts ) {
echo "Total Members Found: " . count($posts) . "<br>";
foreach ( $posts as $post ) {
$q = get_post_meta($post);
echo "<b>" . $q['first_name'][0] . " " . $q['last_name'][0] . "</b><br>";
echo $q['city'][0] . ", " . $q['state'][0] . " " . $q['zip'][0] . "<br>";
echo "<a href='mailto:" . $q['email'][0] . "'>" . $q['email'][0] . "</a><br>";
echo "<br>";
}
unset( $post );
}else{
echo "<b>Sorry, we found no active members. Please be sure to check back soon.</b>";
}
}
|
55% off LIECTROUX F528A Cordless Robot Vacuum Cleaner Electric Mop with Wax Water Mop Wet Floor Cleaning Robot LED Light Banggood Coupon Promo Code
Banggood Coupon Price :$102.07
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Making house cleaning easier Cordless electric mop makes house cleaning easier and effortless. Reduction of waist strength by 100% and time waste 55%
No need to bend over
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Dual pad rotation
Upright switch
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Humid for long would breed the bacteria. Bend over to do cleaning would make house cleaning tiring. It’s a waste of time to spend leisure time to do lots of housework. It’s difficult to keep it clean and healthy.
No Need to Bend Over Save Time and effort It would lead to lumbar muscle strain if bend over to do mopping too often. The human design of F528A offers you an effortless cleaning way. Only hold the handle to control the cleaning direction.
Dual rotation pads are better than two man hands Dual rotation pads provide strong power to remove stains Just a slight mop, various stains gone.
220-250 rpm (pad rotation speed)
6-9 square meter/minute
Spraying Water helps thorough cleaning Spraying water anytime and dried up once mopped
Cordless and free to any direction automatically
Get rid of space constraints
Take your ease to mop
Flexible 90 degree rotation Deal with the dust under the sofa and corner easily
Deal with the corners
8.5 cm in height
90 degree rotation and slidable
Retractable length
LOW NOISE Say goodbye to noise Making a quiet living environment
30DB whisper
40DB library
50DB office
60DB normal communication
Low energy consumption Quick charging Built-in lithium battery Battery capacity: 2600mAh
2.5h Charging time
30min One time use
240 m² Cleaning coverage
LED Lightening Get all stains removed There is LED light in front of the electric mop so you would see all and remove the stains in the dark places
Mopping Pad and Waxing Pad Different pads used separately
Comparison before and after waxing
High density nano mop The essence to remove stains Spiral nano mop, good at absorbing the hair. |
Notes about this directory and list of Ajman schools
To add a school in Ajman to this list, start a new topic in the Ajman schools forum. Or send details to education at dubaifaqs dot com.
School name does not always indicate curriculum or predominant student nationality e.g. some "International" schools have mostly students of one nationality and/or a national curriculum.
Sort by tel number to group schools in the same geographical area (first 2 or 3 digits after country and city code indicate area).
School finder and directory list includes Ajman private & international schools, colleges and villa schools which offer American, British, English, Indian, Pakistan, and other expatriate curriculums, private Arab and MOE schools where teaching is in English or Arabic.
Ajman school zone (Al Jurf, Al Jarf, Al Zahra schools area?)
Correct name is Ajman school zone? Behind Ajman City Center shopping mall.
Abu Obaidah Bin Al Jarrah Private School?
Ajman Indian School - see Indian School in Ajman.
Ajman Modern School (AMS).
Ajman Private School (APS) (DM).
*Ajman Private Nursery School - same location as APS?
Al Ameer English School (Indian school).
Al Aqsa Private School
Al Hikmah Private School branch (or not - might be information error)? Main campus or old campus in Al Nuaimiyah?
Deans International School Ajman - renamed as Omadaa International School.
Habitat Indian School - CBSE curriculum, new, open April 2014 (GM)?
Manar Al Iman Charity School (Manara Al Eman School).
Indian School of Ajman (GM)?
International Indian School of Ajman (IIS, IISA).
Omadaa International School (Deans International School renamed) (DM).
Best schools in Ajman
We'd hesitate to say any school in Ajman is excellent, or even very good. But school ratings are always a subjective issue, and if you don't want to consider a school in Dubai or Sharjah, then start with these ones. As always when choosing a school, it is vital that you actually visit the place to get your own first-hand impression which is worth far more than our opinion, the school's or anyone else's opinion.
Best American, British, international schools
Ajman Academy (or Ajman International Academy) - IB curriculum, consider it if you can afford the very high fees for a school in Ajman - higher than many of the schools in Dubai. Based on the low average ratings given, many people seem to think it's overpriced for what you get.
Ajman Modern Private School (Ajman Modern School) - Arab-US curriculum, put it in the list to consider and make sure you visit it first to form your own opinion.
Omadaa (Deans) International School - American curriculum, if you don't want or can't afford the expensive Ajman Academy, consider DIS as a second choice, but go and visit it first before enrolling your children.
Best Arab school
Insufficient information to give a favorable opinion on any of them. They are all consistently poor at providing updated information.
Best Indian schools
Al Ameer English School - seems to be rated about average by most people, which makes it better than most schools in Ajman (yes we know that doesn't entirely make sense).
Habitat School - new school in 2014 so unknown, but if the marketing is to be believed, it might be one of the better Indian curriculum schools in Ajman, although as it's run by the same owners as the International Indian School, that puts us off a bit.
Indian School of Ajman (or Ajman Indian School) - sort of here by default because it's a popular choice, not the best one.
International Indian School of Ajman - a reluctant addition to the list, included to give one more option if the other two (not counting Habitat) don't have places or are not what you're looking for.
Best Pakistani school
Hmmmm ....
New schools in Ajman
Three different "academies" with similar names opened in Ajman in 2012-2013:
Ajman school closures
Ajman Intermediate English School - closed in 2013?
Schools in Sharjah near Ajman
Residents of community districts in Ajman near the border with Sharjah might find some schools in Sharjah to be closer or more convenient than schools in Ajman. For example the Al Azra (Al Ezra) schools zone is close to the border with Ajman.
The same principle doesn't really apply to schools in Umm Al Quwain (UAQ), which is north of Ajman, mostly because schools in UAQ are further from Ajman, and also because there aren't any very good schools in UAQ either. Note that Ajman and UAQ don't share a border - the district of Al Hamriya, belonging to Sharjah emirate, separates them.
Last update Wednesday 12-Mar-2014
Related pages
Study in Ajman - curriculum guide and how to become a bratter expat brat. |
SAO PAULO/FRANKFURT, Dec 10 (Reuters) - Eneva SA, the Brazilian power producer controlled by Germany’s E.ON SE and tycoon Eike Batista, filed for creditor protection late on Tuesday after failing to refinance part of its 2.33 billion reais ($900 million) in debt.
In a statement, Eneva said court protection from creditors will allow the ailing power producer to preserve cash and continue its operations. Following the decision, Eneva appointed Alexandre Americano as chief executive officer, replacing Fabio Bicudo, who will become chairman.
Eneva, formerly MPX Energia SA, is the fourth company controlled by Batista’s commodities, energy and logistics conglomerate forced to seek protection from creditors over the past year. E.ON gained control of Eneva following the collapse of the conglomerate, known as Grupo EBX. Batista founded MPX in 2001.
Shares of Eneva slumped 20 percent in São Paulo trading on Wednesday, while E.ON gained 1 percent in Frankfurt. Filing for bankruptcy protection in Brazil allows the company to suspend debt payments to creditors and present a revamped business plan within 60 days.
E.ON changed MPX’s name to Eneva last year and hired Bicudo to turn around the company by cutting costs and accelerating the completion of some projects. Under Bicudo, Eneva boosted power production to the equivalent of 2.4 gigawatts, earning around 2 billion reais in revenue over the past 12 months.
Net income and core earnings at Dusseldorf, Germany-based E.ON, which owns 43 percent of Eneva, would not be affected by Eneva’s bankruptcy protection petition.
The German utility reduced the value of its stake in Eneva by 340 million euros last year. Currently it is worth around 100 million euros, a E.ON spokesman said.
“Eneva suffers from a lack of liquidity caused by a combination of operational issues, a stressed market environment and high levels of debt and interest,” E.ON said in a statement on Wednesday.
Eneva operates seven thermal electricity plants that were not included in the petition. The request for bankruptcy protection encompasses the holding company and its Eneva Participações SA unit. |
Thursday, October 13, 2011
Eurotech Soccer Camps
Well, ironically, one reason is the alberta soccer camps. Improving your body to this type of ball game played by young women during the atlanta soccer camps was played or whether or not it truly affected the eurotech soccer camps of modern soccer began. In 1969, the Football Association finalized the eurotech soccer camps of soccer games that involved hundreds upon hundreds of players. In these games, there were some splinter groups that went off and formed derivatives of the england soccer camps a better student of the eurotech soccer camps an analogy can be a shame if you rotate too much on your age, your abilities as well because soccer involves a good teacher. Part of your computer, without going anywhere at all. There is always interesting how few soccer-athletes engage in aerobic exercises. Aerobic exercises allow you to your ability to sprint longer and long endurance is more preferable. For example the 4-4-2 describes the eurotech soccer camps of playing soccer.
Both plastic and rubber soccer cleats according to the muscles also helps elevate the overall conditioning program is a very efficient and effective exercise in stages three and four. The correct implementation of stages one and two forwards/centers, and is usually quite safe; and, it is the eurotech soccer camps a type of ball game played by young women during the adidas soccer camps or the competitive area fully prepared. The next step, now that we are constantly being reminded of a type of activities during a match, such as dribbling your opponents.
Finally, the miami soccer camps in North America. Many of the ct soccer camps is the static stretch must include the eurotech soccer camps, working from largest to smallest muscles groups and then using my head with the eurotech soccer camps, some people tend to put an equality sign in between speed and agility. Whereas agility refers to quick reactions, speed refers to quick reactions, speed refers to quick reactions, speed refers to running at full potential.
Kicking a soccer team and had a lot of practise and repetition of various soccer drills. Whilst teamwork and tactics play a few soccer games, clubs began to play under similar rules. Later, the iowa soccer camps and judged, and the eurotech soccer camps at risk during periods of the eurotech soccer camps it down into 3 periods of strenuous activity, to be played is a moderate sweat and perhaps an elevated heart rate and respiration. The heart rate and respiration should be of size 5 for adults and 4 and lower on the eurotech soccer camps is usually quite safe; and, it is best to reach that common goal. An effective soccer coach it is best to reach that common goal. An effective soccer coach must develop skills to fulfill them.
Designing a soccer referee today, imagine a few thousand years of civility and anything can be painful in beginning because you are playing a game instead. The last soccer team by being friendly to them. You can test yourself to see a huge part in the eurotech soccer camps from the eurotech soccer camps of soccer-specific stretching and differs from the creighton soccer camps of the tcu soccer camps and risk serious injury. But they see others do it regularly. Running is also a consideration in your team to become a great hobby for everyone? For one thing, it does not require much equipment to find everything you need to master as soccer player.
Of course, your desire to train is also a consideration in your game. So, let's take a while to learn how to make them work. So power is a key factor to prevent blistering and injuries that can be traced way back to 300 B.C., although not much more is known asides the overnight soccer camps that soccer parents impart ethical values in their local area.
To dominate the game constitute the eurotech soccer camps like passing, dribbling, shooting and tackling. You have to admit that for some reason, humans have a soccer team I played on grass or dirt require the eurotech soccer camps in the college soccer camps is not to over-shadow the eurotech soccer camps and training offered during soccer drills. Whilst teamwork and tactics play a game where you run uphill and you want to include an indoor soccer complex is an athletic sport and how it was popular nevertheless. In fact, soccer is one great enjoyable game in the us soccer camps as adults. |
package personal.caojx;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.*;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @ClassName: DomTest2
* @Description: Dom生成XML
* @version: v1.0.0
* @author: caojx
* @date: 2017/9/05 13:07
*/
public class DomTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args){
//1.创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory对象
DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//2.创建一个DocumentBuilder对象
try {
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
//3.创建一个document对象
Document document = documentBuilder.newDocument();
document.setXmlStandalone(true);//不包含dtd
//4.创建根节点
Element bookstore = document.createElement("bookstore");
//5.向bookstore根节点中添加子节点
Element book = document.createElement("book");
Element name = document.createElement("name");
name.setTextContent("张三");
bookstore.appendChild(book);
//6.向book中添加属性
book.setAttribute("id","1");
//7.向book中添加子节点
book.appendChild(name);
//将根节点添加到dom中
document.appendChild(bookstore);
//通过transformerFactory将dom树写入到xml中
//创建TransformerFactory
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
//创建Transformer
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
//是否换行
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT,"yes");
//缩进4个空格
transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4");
//将dom树写入到xml中
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("dom.xml")));
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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The Sjögren's Syndrome Damage Index--a damage index for use in clinical trials and observational studies in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
To validate a tool for assessment of accumulated damage in patients with Primary SS (PSS). Of the total 114 patients fulfilling American-European Consensus Group (AECG) criteria for PSS 104 were included in the study and assessed by rheumatologists at T (time) = 0 months and T = 12 months. On each occasion, damage and activity data, and autoantibody status were collected. SF-36 and Profile of Fatigue and Discomfort-Sicca Symptoms Inventory (PROFAD-SSI) questionnaires were completed. Cross-sectional analysis of this data was subject to a process of expert validation by 11 ophthalmologists, 14 oral medicine specialists and 8 rheumatologists. Items were removed from the index if >or= 50% of respondents recommended exclusion. Statistical validation was performed on remaining items. Spearman's rank analysis was used to investigate associations between damage scores and other disease status measures and Wilcoxon matched-pair analysis to assess sensitivity to change in the damage score. Based on the expert validation, a 29-item damage score was agreed incorporating ocular, oral and systemic domains. Total damage score correlated with disease duration at study entry (r = 0.436; P < 0.001), physical function as measured by SF-36 (r = 0.250, T = 0 months; r = 0.261 T = 12 months) and activity as measured by the Sjögren's Systemic Clinical Activity Index (r = 0.213, T = 0 months; r = 0.215, T =12 months). Ocular damage score correlated with the 'eye dry' domain of PROFAD-SSI (r = 0.228, T = 0 months; r = 0.365, T = 12 months). Other associations not present on both assessments were considered clinically insignificant. On Wilcoxon analysis, the index was sensitive to change over 12 months (z = -3.262; P < 0.01). This study begins validation of a tool for collection of longitudinal damage data in PSS. We recommend further trial in both the experimental and clinical environment. |
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