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H: What does this Op Amp circuit do in this circuit for a line following robot? I have seen a schematic for a line following robot, but there is something that I can't understand and is shown in the figure below, what is the purpose of the Op Amp circuit? I know that BREAK input in H-Bridge is independent on other pin...
H: Are there any consumer-grade waterproofing solutions? Is there a common solution to protecting electronics from water by coating conductors in dielectric material? I figured you could just cover everything in thin layer of hot glue, but there might be a more added mass -effective way, like spraying hot silicone on ...
H: joule heating - transmitting power at higher voltages reduces resistive loss? electrical engineering hopeful here. Can someone explain with math how transmitting power at higher voltages reduces resistive loss? I know Joule's Law Power is proportional to (I^2)*R lets say we have two identical direct current power ...
H: How interrupts handle does work on a physical layer I want to understand how HW IRQ does work on a physical layer. I ask my question considering a specific example. As known after a packet coming to a network adapter a hardware interrupt is signalling. Wiki says that an interrupt is a signal to the processor emitt...
H: Powering LED Lamp from Arduino I'm about to embark on my first (actually useful) Arduino project. I have a Kinect setup to detect when I get close to my PC, and I can send a message to my Arduino board to switch on a LED when I get close, and turn it off when I get far away. Now, I want to make a full lamp, rather ...
H: Current divider rule calculation issue I'm doing the exercises from Wisc-Online. This one I think they are really great to learn and practice and have already done a bunch of their practical trainings. But here I'm starting to be crazy. I need to calculate \$I_{r1}\$ Here's the schema : simulate this circuit – Sch...
H: Interfacing two PIC microcontrollers, of different power sources? I have two different circuits with 5v for each, and they are using PIC microcontroller, how can I send a data (voltage) from the first PIC using output pin to the other PIC using its input pin? I measured the output from the first PIC, it is 5v (grea...
H: Externally Powered USB Port I have a Raspberry Pi and it requires a Externally Powered USB hub to run Portable HDD on it. So what if I connect +5 and GND port of the USB Client to external power source of 5V-1A directly rather then connecting them to the USB Host ? OR What if I use a transistor as a switch and for...
H: Series/Parallel DC circuit analysis training issue I'm blocked in this exercise. I don't get how I can compute R1/R2/R3 voltage. Here's the schema : simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab So I was able to calculate some values : \$ R_{T} = \dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{10k\Omega}+\dfrac{1}{7k\Omega+\df...
H: Replacing 12 x (internal) CR2032 batteries with one (or more) external batteries As Christmas was on a budget this year, one of the presents I came up with consisted of a fishbowl with battery operated (flat CR2032 3V) tea-light candles in the bottom, these were covered in coloured glass beads and then I put air pl...
H: What is the Global Descriptor Table memory type? What type of memory type is used for the Global Descriptor Table in an Intel Core 2 CPU? Is it just EEPROM or does the CPU normally use another type of NVRAM? AI: The Global Descriptor Table is stored in normal memory (RAM), the CPU is told where it resides using th...
H: Backup power for adsl modem I want to create a circuitry for switching to backup power (small battery) in case of mains power failure for my ADSL modem (to avoid the internet going down in such scenario). This is a basic circuitry however I have only very basic knowledge of electrical and electronics and hence need...
H: Possible Homemade RCA to Aux I'm going to flat out say I'm a programmer with a soldering iron. So, if I sound like I don't know what I'm talking about; take this into account. I was browsing stores for an RCA to Aux converter. However, they are all charging 20-30$. My question, does the red and white audio connecto...
H: Why the emitter is earthed in the Common-Emitter configuration of a Transistor? While reading the Common-Emitter configuration of a Transistor from a book, they said that the Emitter is earthed...? Then I Googled it and found the same thing... So my question is that why it is necessary to earth the Emitter simulat...
H: got a too low VCE on a Infrared Phototransistor I used an Infrared Light Emitting Diode QED123(VF=1.7V) and an Infrared Phototransistor QSD123 in pair. I learnt from QSD123's datasheet that its VCE(SAT) under IC=0.5mA is 0.4V max. But the VCE I measured with an multimeter is only approximately 0.05V... Here is my s...
H: Micro-Controller copy Recently I started looking into micro-controllers, I bought a velleman pc serial interface and a serial to usb adapter for programming pics, I have some experience with micro controllers, but some educational micro controller called PICAXE, it is programmed in BASIC and is very user friendly, ...
H: Baudrate of DS18B20 I'm trying to connect a DS18B20 to my Beaglebone Black. Now I wan't to determine the Baudrate but can't find it in the Datasheet of the DS18B20. In the internet I saw different ones (9600, 19200). Can I simply choose one the Sensor pick's up on it? If so up to what maximal rate? Sorry for this R...
H: OSCALL byte, what is this? I recently started playing around with micro-controllers, and with a pc interface and it's software, when reading a program from a micro controller i got a field that said OSCALL byte and seems to give me a different value everytime, my question is, what is this byte? What does it stand f...
H: Being Above Resonance What does it mean being above resonance? Does it mean that our frequency is more than the resonance frequency? In an LC circuit, why is circuit more inductive when frequency is above resonance? AI: What does it mean being above resonance? Does it mean that our frequency is more than the reso...
H: Charging my laptop with a universal adapter My laptop charger's adapter recently died, and as a new one of its kind was very expensive, I got a universal one for free (here is the model, I couldn't find a link in English though). The charger's output voltage is variable (12, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 24V), and my battery...
H: What is the difference between MOSFETs and BJTs After reading this page : http://learn.adafruit.com/rgb-led-strips/usage I was wondering what is the difference between N-channel MOFSET and a TIP120 transistor. More specifically, why does he add 100-220 ohm resistors at the base when using the TIP120? AI: http://ww...
H: Conversion of a Galvanometer to Ammeter and Voltmeter? I am in 12th std and while reading my Physics textbook I came across a topic called "Conversion of a Galvanometer to Ammeter and Voltmeter." So I read it and found that to convert a Galvanometer to Ammeter we connect a very low value resistance in parallel to t...
H: Importing libraries in Processing IDE I am sorry guys if I didnt make myself clear. So here is an another attempt. I am trying to view the output of MPU6050 (gyrometer + acclerometer) in Processing IDE. I added the FreeIMU library in arduino and then executed the FreeIMU quaternion code from the examples. I was ab...
H: Arduino Uno board heating up and code not uploading This is the for the second time I'm facing this issue and seems to me that this frigging thing is not worth using. The board is heating up, (the little chip in the vicinity of fdti port ) is becoming hot as hell. None of the single snippets of code is uploading...
H: How can I scroll through all colors of an RGB LED using an Arduino microcontroller and a single Potentiometer? The RGB LED is supposed to be controlled by PWM, how can I map the position of a potentiometer to a color combination? AI: To begin with, there is no definitive discrete set of "all colors" for an RGB LED:...
H: Digital simulation display I am new in the field of electronic circuit simulation and the two articles i am reading from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_circuit_simulation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPICE have led me to ask this question.Supposing i am running an analog and digital simulator like LTSpi...
H: Why does coaxial cable cause this effect? This is a follow-up question related to my non-contact voltage detection circuit (here). I wanted to be able to detect voltage in a wire a few feet away from the Arduino, so I added a length of RG174 coaxial cable (with the shield grounded) between the 4-inch pickup antenna...
H: Choosing a SDRAM pcb layout I'm working on a project with the quite new STM32F429 in LQFP208 package. I need to solder the first couple of prototype by myself for low budget reason. I choose this package so I could check myself if a problem is due to the routing/firmware or just a soldering issue. In the project th...
H: Switching 9V using a NPN transistor and an Arduino First of all, I'd like to say I'm not an Electrical engineer so please bear with me. I haven't got a sketch for what I'm trying to achieve but hopefully I can explain it ok. I have an NPN transistor (2n2222 specifically) and am doing the following. Connect 9V batt...
H: Is this a valid sinusoid? The given image is from first edition of this book To me the first sinusoid seems valid, in sense that values can be computed at different points. However, in the case of second sinusoid I fail so see a logic for computing the various values given. The question is Is the second figure val...
H: Arduino, NPN and common cathode RGBs I'm trying to design a mood light system using 4 RGB LEDs which will be powered by an external 9V source and an Arduino for processing. Link to Fritzing file Part list: 3 x 2n2222 transistors (NPN) 4 x 5mm LEDs (Common Cathode)(http://www.jaycar.co.nz/products_uploaded/ZD0012%...
H: Why do capacitors across my FETs minimize ringing/distortion? I'm designing a 24V to 350V DC-DC Converter based on a H-Bridge. The power requirement is 500W and the circuit operates at 20KHz. The design works fairly well and I've achieved about 90% efficiency at 200W load. The main issue with the circuit is ringing...
H: Using capacitor to supply temporary surge I am learning electronics on my own and I have a feeling a capacitor can solve an issue I have. The datasheet for a part, which is powered by three lines (+12V, 0V, -12V) says that it draws 40 mA continuusouly, but that it can also draw up to 250 mA temporarily, for 0.1 sec...
H: Purpose of the diode and capacitor in this motor circuit I'm hooking up a small DC motor to an arduino using an NPN transistor using the following diagrams I found online: The circuit works, and I'm successfully able to make the motor run. Now, I'm seeking to understand why it works the way it does. In partic...
H: LM741 saturation problem in MultiSim modeling Since in my case Vs+ = 12V, Vs- = -12V I expect that when I do an open loop OpAmp, the output should be limited by +- 12V, which is not the case in my simulation. What is the problem? P.S. with a closed loop everything works as expected. AI: It looks like your op amp mo...
H: Seeking 4x3 keypad for Atmel UC3 microprocessor I was doing a combined project with a friend, with me on s/w and him on h/w. After a year of coding on my part & not much activity on his, he announced that he is "too busy" to continue. That leaves me, a pure s/w guy with little or no h/w knowledge to continue. I nee...
H: Calculating power requirements of RGB LED strips Is there any formula or rule of thumb for calculating power requirements of 'typical' RGB LED strips? Say x amps per # of lights? or are there too many other variables involved(specific make, etc). AI: There are way too many types of LED strips (e.g. individually add...
H: What is the fastest logic gate? I have been told that the fastest logic gate family is ECL. My first question: Is this true? In this or another family (Depending on the answer to the above question), Is there any particular gate who's internal structure is: simpler, faster, requires less energy, creates less electr...
H: thin headers to replace IC with a board I have an IC (PDIP) I would like to replace with a board and some smd parts. Normal 0.1" headers are too thick to fit in the holes of the desoldered IC pins. Do you know if there exists 0.1" pitch headers with diameter of 0.6mm or less, so that they fit in the holes for the I...
H: 200kHz Ultrasonic Piezo Transformer Can anyone recommend characteristics for a low power (< 1W) 1:10 step up transformer for driving a piezo crystal (1nF capacitance) at 200kHz? AI: I'd start with using a ferrite material like 3F3 from Ferroxcube - it'll have low losses at 200kHz: - The dotted line in the graph (l...
H: Is it safe to self-reset a flip-flop based on its output state I'd like to create a logic function that toggles with the (inverted) clock when enabled and stays low when disabled, like so: clk ena out 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 I could do that with simple AND/NOT gates, like in the following schem...
H: How to float the output of an optocoupler when needed? I want to have an opto-isolated output which can be driven high, low or left floating. I thought of the following circuit but I'm quite new to electronics so I don't know whether it makes sense. Do you think something like this could work? When EN from the in...
H: How can we use a usb(in a laptop) for general purpose input/output operations, such as robotics control How can we use a usb port (in a laptop) for general purpose input/output operations, such as robotics control?? I want to control an external hardware such as a robot or say simply an array of LEDs using my lapto...
H: Honeywell Dead Reckoning Module GPS Problems This was previously posted in the Stack Exchange forum and I was referred here. I'm currently trying to connect a Honeywell DRM4000L to a GPS module. The DRM is a dead-reckoning device which takes a GPS input and outputs the location by serial. Currently, I have a GS407 ...
H: How can I indicate pin 1 on a SMT package footprint without silkscreen Sometimes when I order PCBs from a board house, I omit the bottom silkscreen for budgetary reasons. When I place surface-mount chips on the bottom of the board, I then end up with a footprint that doesn't indicate the chip orientation. This is a...
H: Is there any disadvantage to running an op-amp off asymmetrical voltage rails? On a PCB I'm working with, I have analog feedbacks running through op-amps into a 3.3V microcontroller. Thus, signals outside 0-3.3V are useless, and potentially dangerous to the microcontroller. The op amps have +-15V rails, because tho...
H: RFID sources and battery lifetime I'm trying to do high value asset monitoring within a panel van/truck with RFID tags. So this would be a case of a 3m+ range with metal everywhere - mowers, digging equipment, jackhammers etc. A local antenna would interrogate all the tags within range and then relay the informatio...
H: Prescaled Timers Problem I'm using a attiny2313a, and I'm having a lot of trouble figuring out what's going on with the timer. It's very simple, yet it simply refuses to work. I have a 16Mhz clock. When I put in a 1024 prescaler, then the TCNT1 clock will increment at the frequency 16Mhz/1024= 0.0156MHz, This means...
H: Single transistor instead of RGB screen In today's screens, each individual pixel is created by the combination of three transistor as Red Green Blue. But, colours are already just different frequency waves. Why aren't pixels made by just one single component to create different colour values? Is it cost or capabil...
H: Correctly wire up a Switching Regulator I am looking to use a Texas Instruments MC33063 Buck/Boost regulator. I have never used a switching regulator before so this may be a conceptual issue. My input voltage will probably be anywhere from 6 to 12V and I would like to use the regulator to buck down to 5V. However, ...
H: Weird Voltage measurement problem I have a DC/DC converter outputting 5.18 VDC @ 25% load (1 Ohm resistor). If I measure the voltage at the green nodes it fails out of tolerance, if I measure the voltage at the red nodes (before the line resistance) it passes tolerance. (See Figure 1) The tolerance is 5.18 VDC +/-...
H: Understanding crystal resonator symbols - which one is 24Mhz? So, I'm in need of a 24MHz crystal to drive an AVR microcontroller. I've got some crystals that I've desoldered off some old, useless equipment. I've found three crystals that have '24' on their packaging: HC 24.00 TXC 24.0NQ4L 24.00R4L Google search tur...
H: how to, best way to use a linear actuator vs gear system? I am wondering what is the best and cheap option to use in a crane like system. a linear actuator or a gear rig system with an engine. the weight at the end could be up to 100 pounds. I was thinking about using a linear actuator, but I'm worried that the an...
H: Designing stand-alone microcontroller based components 3 Years after finishing my study of computer science (B.Sc.) my search for a new hobby lead me back to the microcontrollers. There were 2 semester microcontroller programming with embedded assembler in C on a ATMEL development board. But I really hated it. No...
H: Return Paths of Signals on Flat Flex Cable I have a 4 layer PCB with a typical stackup (signal-gnd-vcc-signal) and on the top layer there's a CMOS sensor connected with a flat flex cable... I was wondering, since there's no reference plane underneath the cable, What would the return paths for those signals look lik...
H: What tool can make a nice 3D image of a via? I found this graphic somewhere on the web, but now I need to create a similar illustration for some training, but with a 16 layer board having traces coming in on other layers etc. What is the easiest/fastest/cheapest tool to do this? What tool was used for this graphi...
H: power leaking from device via USB In my car I have power converter for the cigarette lighter. This power converter has some 3 USB ports and 2 cigarette lighter ports. I have devices plugged into the cigarette lighter ports. One of which is to power my phone (is left in car overnight). If the phone has enough power ...
H: Interfacing two devices using transistors I have a microcontroller and a small video/still "spy" camera (like these) that came in a case disguising it as a car remote. The microcontroller is a TI MSP430 value line model, though I could use an ATMEGA/ATTINY via arduino if the MSP430 doesn't work out. I have the two ...
H: Connect analog load cell to usb via AVR I have an analog load cell with just 4 wires sticking out of it. I want to be able to connect it to a computer via usb. For that I am going to use the AVR micro controller and LUFA usb library. My question is about connection of a load cell to a micro controller. As far as I ...
H: Battery shorts and current I'm wondering something. Let's take a 9V dc voltage source with \$\infty\$ output current. If I short the two poles only the wire resistance will impact the current. I'll take a standard breadbord hookup wire. Based on the following table the resistance for 3 meters (10 feets) is \$0.1614...
H: Answering a phone call with RN-52 and Arduino Mega 2560 I come from Stackoverflow in need of some guidance. My goal: stream tunes (completed) and answer/end calls through the RN-52 (not completed) My issue: I am getting confused on the RX/TX/CTS/RTS functions of the RN-52 (datasheet). I have tried: Connecting the R...
H: Electromagnetic Coil I am trying to make an electromagnet, i would like to know what kind of core would work best, from what i have read a soft iron core would work best BUT i know some metals are known by number and i would like a number just to be more specific (if possible). i also need to keep the core from rus...
H: Can anyone identify this tiny 2.4/5.8GHz antenna connector? I'm looking to add a pigtail and larger antenna to small wireless video receiver. It came with a removable antenna with a connector I don't recognize. Sorry for the blurry pictures. If they're not helpful I can try again. It's a push on, and the center of ...
H: Tech stereo damaged by dimmer switch outlet, why? A low end Tech stereo was plugged into an electronic dimmer switch outlet. The stereo was only a few years old and was functioning properly prior to plugging into a dimmer controlled outlet. I plugged the stereo into a normal outlet after the incident, however, th...
H: Computer Architect Book Reccomendation Best Book For Computer Architect , As I have to build SAP this semester. Most people told me it is very difficult to make a SimpleAsPossible 8 bit Computer up and running therefore any suggestions for the best book in your view that will make my concepts for this course much ...
H: Connect Arduino to RS232 I have a device that is powered by the Arduino (+5V). The device (a VC0706 Powered camera), incomporates a MAX3232 to convert to RS-232. Unfortunatly, I don't have the tools or dexterity to remove the TTL/RS232 conversion manually. My question is: is it possible to establish communication ...
H: How does a burden resistor work? So I've been getting into the world of building circuits with an Arduino controller and a breadboard. I've been working in IT for years, but I'm not super familiar with electronics at this level. While following a tutorial for building a "knock sensor" using a piezo speaker as the s...
H: What can the dsPIC do which the humble PIC microcontroller cannot do? I have not used a DSP chip as of yet. All I know is that their architecture is such that they can carry out calculations quite fast, usually within a clock cycle, they have multiply-accumulate instructions in their instruction set and they have D...
H: How to make transistor fail protection for light bulb In the circuit below I choose an optimal current for the lamp set to 4A (the lamp specs are 12V/5A). I need to make a safety circuit for the lamp in case transistor Q2 fails. I add a fuse in the circuit but I'm looking for a better solution, what is the best w...
H: Singular error when putting a current source in series with a capacitor (ngspice) I am getting singular errors when I simulate a current source in series with a capacitor with the following .cir file: * Spice netlister for gnetlist C1 1 0 1 I1 1 0 1 .TRAN 100u 6m (I understand a farad is huge, just to make the num...
H: What is the purpose of inserting resistors (diodes?) directly on the path of the VCC and GND lines powering a PCB? I am trying to learn electronics by looking at simple circuits and see how engineers get the job done. Looking at a PCB featuring only one Texas Instruments ADS1115 ADC, I see that: They bridge VCC an...
H: STM32 custom bootloader: how to verify the firmware? Using a custom SDIO/FAT in the application bootloader for a STM32 chip, is it possible to make the jump from the bootloader to the new firmware fail-safe? I would like to verify the new firmware sanity before jumping to it and ideally do so in a sandboxed or safe...
H: How do I create a knob like on my amplifier On my amp, I have a big round knob, that I can turn forever in both directions, to control volume. It simply turns up whenever I turn clockwise and down when I turn counter clockwise. There is no limit as to how far I can keep turning it. How do I create this in my own p...
H: Crimp connectors making process review I'm actually working on a project with several "little" modules. They are all connected to the PSU and the MCU. So I've design interface for each, so I can easily wire everything together. For that I've bought a full range of crimp connectors, male/female pins and 10wires cabl...
H: How to use an ADC with a non zero lower reference voltage input I need to convert, linearly, a voltage in the range of about 1v to 2v into the range 0 to 1v for input to an ADC. This is the background: I fiddle with electronics and programming as a hobby to give me interesting and challenging projects -- but on thi...
H: Convert TV Remote To NMT Remote I've got a 4 year old LG TV remote control, which I recently took apart. I've also got a Popcorn Hour A-100, without the original remote. So my question is - given that I don't care about the plastic packaging - is basically how to transform the old TV remote into the NMT (Networked ...
H: Resistor values for LED I'm reading this datasheet: http://www.jaycar.co.nz/products_uploaded/ZD0012%20-%20AL-50-30RGBC-C-004.pdf The Preferred Value Series Resistor on this page recommends 510/470/470 Ohms for 12VDC which to me seems too low because the maximum current is specified as 20mA per channel while Ohms l...
H: AD623 ANZ vs. BNZ? I have simulated my first circuit ever and now I wanted to order an Analog AD623 to actually build it. I gathered that I need the 8-DIP package to stick the IC on the breadboard, but there are actually two versions: http://www.digikey.ch/product-detail/en/AD623ANZ/AD623ANZ-ND/750974 $3.79 http://...
H: Driving High Power LEDs with this circuit I've just completed building this circuit (thanks alexan), times 3 for each RGB channel. R1 = 4.7k R2 = 1K R3 = 10K Q1 = BD140 Q2 = BD139 This circuit is used to power 4x20mA RGB LEDs in parallel and am happy with the result. They're using 510/470/470 resistors for t...
H: Is a pic 16f877a reprogrammable I have just finished a basic lesson in electronics, an i have become interested in micro-controller programming. I have decided i would learn on the PIC micro-controller because it looks simple and their are many tutorials available. When researching the pic to start with the 16f87...
H: Interfacing an automotive pressure sensor to microcontroller circuit This is a follow up to Measuring water pressure in a tank. I've decided to try and go a different direction so I'm asking a new question. I have an application in which I need to electronically measure the pressure inside of a pool filter. Because...
H: Send SD data connected to Arduino to a Webhost using FTP Sorry, I'm not very expert in drawing schematics, so this is the best I can do! I want to connect my arduino to GSM/GPS Shield offered by Cookinghacks.com http://www.cooking-hacks.com/3g-gprs-shield-for-arduino-3g-gps-audio-video-kit Now, the device will be k...
H: Arduino as ISP: IC swapping I usually use my Arduino as an ISP programmer. Let's say I want to program the blink LED code to my ATmega328 with the bootloader already in it. Can I just program it in the classical way and pull out the chip from the Arduino? Is there any problem doing like this? It sounds easier and q...
H: DC voltage for houses I'm wondering something. It's purely theoretical. Let's say I'm in home automation etc and I've got lots of little modules, for examples to control lights, access codes, doors locks, etc... All these modules uses DC voltage. But houses mostly are wired with AC circuits. Does it sound ok for yo...
H: WiFi wave cancellation Let's assume there is an emitter and a reciver. As the emitter is usually omni-directional, the reciver may get one direct wave and some reflected waves. Why does not these waves influence each other (they might even cancel themselves) and how it is solved the latency issue (a packet comes f...
H: Programming ATMega328 from arduino with separated power supply I actually need to update the code on a project who use an ATMega328. I'm using an arduino as a SPI programmer. So, I need TX/RX and RESET pins to program the external ATMega328. My problem is, the actual ATMega328 run on an other power supply than the ...
H: What is a 3-state storage register on a shift register? The question lies almost all in the title I have bought a shift register to play with, and looked at the datasheet. I don't understand what is the 3 state storage register associated with RCLK. My understanding is that if there is a high edge on RCLK then some...
H: Poor man large linear encoder I'm looking for a way to build a cheap 1m linear encoder. Precision should be around 2cm (which is not really "precision"). Any advice will be welcome. @Joe Hass : yes it is moving. Not really fast. Speed is not a concern. 1m per 10s is ok. Edit : Thanks for help, as asked I give more ...
H: Using a low discharge accumulator to power a drone I'm trying to figure out if there is a way to use a Lithium accumulator to power a drone. Because of the maximum recommended continuous current of the battery, which is too low, I can't drive my motors and electronics. Is there a way to hack this into working usin...
H: high frequency op amp for Arduino frequency counter I'm going kind of crazy trying to solve what I thought would be a very simple problem. I'm not massively experienced but will try my best to spell out what I'm trying to do and what's happening. I'm trying to build a frequency counter using an Arduino Mega to hoo...
H: Designing ammeter for an external ATX power supply adapter I'm trying to design and build an external ATX power supply adapter, much like this one. I want to use it as a benchtop power supply. I wanted my adapter to have one more feature: I wanted it to have a voltmeter and an ammeter at each positive rail (+12V an...
H: Best practice to keep main() in embedded systems I would like to know one thing about keeping the main() in embedded coding practice. I have a stand-alone system that have n number of states and it would be shifting to the respective states. At first I did a while(1) condition in main() and checked for any of the ...
H: How does the phone detect if 3.5 mm jack circuit is closed? I have an android phone to which i have plugged an earphones. So at the top of the phone, I get the headphone symbol which indicates that the earphone is connected (In other words, the circuit at the 3.5 mm jack is closed). Then I cut the two earphones (t...
H: What's the difference between uIP, lwIP, 6LoWPAN? I just started to work on a wireless sensor network project and encounter these three terms: uIP, lwIP, 6LoWPAN. Since I'm new to this area, could anyone please explain the differences between these three terms? Thanks! AI: uIP and lwIP are both open source TCP/IP ...
H: What sort of electric "motor" would I need to launch a puck? As the title suggests I am looking at making a hockey puck launcher so I can do some off ice technique training as a goal tender. I have no one to train with so I wanted to create a puck launcher similar to the tennis trainers they have that fire balls at...
H: Power arduino with 7.2v rc racing battery? I just want to make sure before I destroy my arduino.. Is it okay if I power my Arduino Mega from a high current 7.2v battery pack? The battery I'm planning to use is this : http://www.ebay.com/itm/7-4-V-30C-5200mAH-2S-Lipo-Li-Po-Lipoly-Battery-for-RC-Car-Boat-/2613510671...
H: How to execute firmware from external flash memory interface to PIC microcontroller? I have both PIC18 and PIC24 microcontrollers with 256KiB of flash memory. My code size is 400kB and cannot be stored in the flash memory of those MCUs anymore. So I'm thinking about using external flash memory to hold the program c...
H: What component to use for audio signal switching? I'm looking to build a guitar pedal switcher based on a Raspberry Pi or Arduino (have not yet decided, but I have an unused Raspberry around and I lean towards that). Anyway, digital logic. Now, I need to switch audio signal obviously and I need to do it quietly (bo...
H: TO-220 voltage regulator, heatsink and mounts I've received my heatsink and mounts for my voltage regulators. It's the first time for me. I'm not sure about the way to mount the regulator on the heatsink. Mainly a little film, not sure about the composition. Feels like plastic but it's really fragile and composed b...
H: Differential output to headphones In my circuit, wt-32 gives 4 analog outputs(l+,l-,r+,r-). I want to connect them to a headphone jack. I thought of using 2 lm386 audio amplifiers as shown below: Will this connection work? or Am I making some mistakes. AI: The LM386 isn't quite suitable for what you need. Firstly i...