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Abstract: In this paper, we are interested in the classical problem of restoring data degraded by a convolution and the addition of a white Gaussian noise. The originality of the proposed approach is two-fold. Firstly, we formulate the restoration problem as a nonlinear estimation problem leading to the minimization of... |
Title: Computational modelling of evolution: ecosystems and language |
Abstract: Recently, computational modelling became a very important research tool that enables us to study problems that for decades evaded scientific analysis. Evolutionary systems are certainly examples of such problems: they are composed of many units that might reproduce, diffuse, mutate, die, or in some cases for ... |
Title: A non-negative expansion for small Jensen-Shannon Divergences |
Abstract: In this report, we derive a non-negative series expansion for the Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) between two probability distributions. This series expansion is shown to be useful for numerical calculations of the JSD, when the probability distributions are nearly equal, and for which, consequently, small nu... |
Title: Choice of neighbor order in nearest-neighbor classification |
Abstract: The $k$th-nearest neighbor rule is arguably the simplest and most intuitively appealing nonparametric classification procedure. However, application of this method is inhibited by lack of knowledge about its properties, in particular, about the manner in which it is influenced by the value of $k$; and by the ... |
Title: 3D Face Recognition with Sparse Spherical Representations |
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of 3D face recognition using simultaneous sparse approximations on the sphere. The 3D face point clouds are first aligned with a novel and fully automated registration process. They are then represented as signals on the 2D sphere in order to preserve depth and geometry inform... |
Title: Approximating the marginal likelihood using copula |
Abstract: Model selection is an important activity in modern data analysis and the conventional Bayesian approach to this problem involves calculation of marginal likelihoods for different models, together with diagnostics which examine specific aspects of model fit. Calculating the marginal likelihood is a difficult c... |
Title: A Novel Clustering Algorithm Based on a Modified Model of Random Walk |
Abstract: We introduce a modified model of random walk, and then develop two novel clustering algorithms based on it. In the algorithms, each data point in a dataset is considered as a particle which can move at random in space according to the preset rules in the modified model. Further, this data point may be also vi... |
Title: A Theory of Truncated Inverse Sampling |
Abstract: In this paper, we have established a new framework of truncated inverse sampling for estimating mean values of non-negative random variables such as binomial, Poisson, hyper-geometrical, and bounded variables. We have derived explicit formulas and computational methods for designing sampling schemes to ensure... |
Title: A branch-and-bound feature selection algorithm for U-shaped cost functions |
Abstract: This paper presents the formulation of a combinatorial optimization problem with the following characteristics: i.the search space is the power set of a finite set structured as a Boolean lattice; ii.the cost function forms a U-shaped curve when applied to any lattice chain. This formulation applies for featu... |
Title: Touchscreen Voting Machines Cause Long Lines and Disenfranchise Voters |
Abstract: Computerized touchscreen "Direct Recording Electronic" DRE voting systems have been used by over 1/3 of American voters in recent elections. In many places, insufficient DRE numbers in combination with lengthy ballots and high voter traffic have caused long lines and disenfranchised voters who left without vo... |
Title: Temporal Difference Updating without a Learning Rate |
Abstract: We derive an equation for temporal difference learning from statistical principles. Specifically, we start with the variational principle and then bootstrap to produce an updating rule for discounted state value estimates. The resulting equation is similar to the standard equation for temporal difference lear... |
Title: On the Possibility of Learning in Reactive Environments with Arbitrary Dependence |
Abstract: We address the problem of reinforcement learning in which observations may exhibit an arbitrary form of stochastic dependence on past observations and actions, i.e. environments more general than (PO)MDPs. The task for an agent is to attain the best possible asymptotic reward where the true generating environ... |
Title: Gibbs posterior for variable selection in high-dimensional classification and data mining |
Abstract: In the popular approach of "Bayesian variable selection" (BVS), one uses prior and posterior distributions to select a subset of candidate variables to enter the model. A completely new direction will be considered here to study BVS with a Gibbs posterior originating in statistical mechanics. The Gibbs poster... |
Title: On the Conditional Independence Implication Problem: A Lattice-Theoretic Approach |
Abstract: A lattice-theoretic framework is introduced that permits the study of the conditional independence (CI) implication problem relative to the class of discrete probability measures. Semi-lattices are associated with CI statements and a finite, sound and complete inference system relative to semi-lattice inclusi... |
Title: Spectral Connectivity Analysis |
Abstract: Spectral kernel methods are techniques for transforming data into a coordinate system that efficiently reveals the geometric structure - in particular, the "connectivity" - of the data. These methods depend on certain tuning parameters. We analyze the dependence of the method on these tuning parameters. We fo... |
Title: A computational model of affects |
Abstract: This article provides a simple logical structure, in which affective concepts (i.e. concepts related to emotions and feelings) can be defined. The set of affects defined is similar to the set of emotions covered in the OCC model (Ortony A., Collins A., and Clore G. L.: The Cognitive Structure of Emotions. Cam... |
Title: Balancing Exploration and Exploitation by an Elitist Ant System with Exponential Pheromone Deposition Rule |
Abstract: The paper presents an exponential pheromone deposition rule to modify the basic ant system algorithm which employs constant deposition rule. A stability analysis using differential equation is carried out to find out the values of parameters that make the ant system dynamics stable for both kinds of depositio... |
Title: A Novel Parser Design Algorithm Based on Artificial Ants |
Abstract: This article presents a unique design for a parser using the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm. The paper implements the intuitive thought process of human mind through the activities of artificial ants. The scheme presented here uses a bottom-up approach and the parsing program can directly use ambiguous or ... |
Title: Extension of Max-Min Ant System with Exponential Pheromone Deposition Rule |
Abstract: The paper presents an exponential pheromone deposition approach to improve the performance of classical Ant System algorithm which employs uniform deposition rule. A simplified analysis using differential equations is carried out to study the stability of basic ant system dynamics with both exponential and co... |
Title: Entropy, Perception, and Relativity |
Abstract: In this paper, I expand Shannon's definition of entropy into a new form of entropy that allows integration of information from different random events. Shannon's notion of entropy is a special case of my more general definition of entropy. I define probability using a so-called performance function, which is ... |
Title: Effect of Tuned Parameters on a LSA MCQ Answering Model |
Abstract: This paper presents the current state of a work in progress, whose objective is to better understand the effects of factors that significantly influence the performance of Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). A difficult task, which consists in answering (French) biology Multiple Choice Questions, is used to test ... |
Title: Plans D'Experiences D'Information De Kullback-Leibler Minimale |
Abstract: Experimental designs are tools which can dramatically reduce the number of simulations required by time-consuming computer codes. Because we don't know the true relation between the response and inputs, designs should allow one to fit a variety of models and should provide information about all portions of th... |
Title: A Bit of Information Theory, and the Data Augmentation Algorithm Converges |
Abstract: The data augmentation (DA) algorithm is a simple and powerful tool in statistical computing. In this note basic information theory is used to prove a nontrivial convergence theorem for the DA algorithm. |
Title: Edhibou: a Customizable Interface for Decision Support in a Semantic Portal |
Abstract: The Semantic Web is becoming more and more a reality, as the required technologies have reached an appropriate level of maturity. However, at this stage, it is important to provide tools facilitating the use and deployment of these technologies by end-users. In this paper, we describe EdHibou, an automaticall... |
Title: Cooperative interface of a swarm of UAVs |
Abstract: After presenting the broad context of authority sharing, we outline how introducing more natural interaction in the design of the ground operator interface of UV systems should help in allowing a single operator to manage the complexity of his/her task. Introducing new modalities is one one of the means in th... |
Title: Document stream clustering: experimenting an incremental algorithm and AR-based tools for highlighting dynamic trends |
Abstract: We address here two major challenges presented by dynamic data mining: 1) the stability challenge: we have implemented a rigorous incremental density-based clustering algorithm, independent from any initial conditions and ordering of the data-vectors stream, 2) the cognitive challenge: we have implemented a s... |
Title: Embedding Non-Ground Logic Programs into Autoepistemic Logic for Knowledge Base Combination |
Abstract: In the context of the Semantic Web, several approaches to the combination of ontologies, given in terms of theories of classical first-order logic and rule bases, have been proposed. They either cast rules into classical logic or limit the interaction between rules and ontologies. Autoepistemic logic (AEL) is... |
Title: CoZo+ - A Content Zoning Engine for textual documents |
Abstract: Content zoning can be understood as a segmentation of textual documents into zones. This is inspired by [6] who initially proposed an approach for the argumentative zoning of textual documents. With the prototypical CoZo+ engine, we focus on content zoning towards an automatic processing of textual streams wh... |
Title: Hierarchical structure and the prediction of missing links in networks |
Abstract: Networks have in recent years emerged as an invaluable tool for describing and quantifying complex systems in many branches of science. Recent studies suggest that networks often exhibit hierarchical organization, where vertices divide into groups that further subdivide into groups of groups, and so forth ove... |
Title: Local antithetic sampling with scrambled nets |
Abstract: We consider the problem of computing an approximation to the integral $I=\int_[0,1]^df(x) dx$. Monte Carlo (MC) sampling typically attains a root mean squared error (RMSE) of $O(n^-1/2)$ from $n$ independent random function evaluations. By contrast, quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) sampling using carefully equispaced ... |
Title: UNL-French deconversion as transfer & generation from an interlingua with possible quality enhancement through offline human interaction |
Abstract: We present the architecture of the UNL-French deconverter, which "generates" from the UNL interlingua by first"localizing" the UNL form for French, within UNL, and then applying slightly adapted but classical transfer and generation techniques, implemented in GETA's Ariane-G5 environment, supplemented by some... |
Title: Classification dynamique d'un flux documentaire : une \'evaluation statique pr\'ealable de l'algorithme GERMEN |
Abstract: Data-stream clustering is an ever-expanding subdomain of knowledge extraction. Most of the past and present research effort aims at efficient scaling up for the huge data repositories. Our approach focuses on qualitative improvement, mainly for "weak signals" detection and precise tracking of topical evolutio... |
Title: Estimation of missing data by using the filtering process in a time series modeling |
Abstract: This paper proposed a new method to estimate the missing data by using the filtering process. We used datasets without missing data and randomly missing data to evaluate the new method of estimation by using the Box - Jenkins modeling technique to predict monthly average rainfall for site 5504035 Lahar Ikan M... |
Title: Cognitive OFDM network sensing: a free probability approach |
Abstract: In this paper, a practical power detection scheme for OFDM terminals, based on recent free probability tools, is proposed. The objective is for the receiving terminal to determine the transmission power and the number of the surrounding base stations in the network. However, thesystem dimensions of the networ... |
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