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ARC snapshot 2026-10-30
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metadata 
license: cc-by-4.0
pretty_name: 'ARC: can AI shopping agents reach checkout at these stores?'
language:
  - en
tags:
  - agentic-commerce
  - ai-agents
  - e-commerce
  - shopping-agents
  - benchmark
  - ucp
  - mcp
  - webmcp
  - tabular
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K
configs:
  - config_name: store_answers
    data_files: latest/store_answers.parquet
    default: true
  - config_name: stores
    data_files: latest/stores.parquet
  - config_name: rails_checks
    data_files: latest/rails_checks.parquet
  - config_name: adoption_history
    data_files: latest/adoption_history.parquet
  - config_name: personas
    data_files: latest/personas.parquet
  - config_name: protocol_matrix
    data_files: latest/protocol_matrix.parquet

10,662 online stores checked: can AI shopping agents reach checkout at them?

Snapshot 2026-10-30: 10,662 stores, checked 6 Oct 2026 to 31 Oct 2026. The check finished for 10,610 of them (52 did not respond in time and are marked not_tested). Percentages below are of those 10,610.

Stores Share
AI agents can get a checkout link through the store's agent connection 7,219 68%
AI agents can search products through an agent connection 7,634 72%
No agent connection found: no product search, no valid UCP profile, not blocked (agents must click through the site like a person) 2,072 19.5%
Bot protection blocked ARC's agent check 464 4.4%
Publishes a valid Universal Commerce Protocol (UCP) profile 8,184 77.1%
Shopify stores with a checkout link agents can use 7,171 of 8,115 88.4%
Stores not detected as Shopify with a checkout link agents can use 48 of 2,495 1.9%
robots.txt blocks at least one AI crawler (of 10,199 readable robots.txt files) 180 1.8%
robots.txt blocks AI assistants fetching pages for a user (same base) 109 1.1%

All rows come from ARC's automated HTTP check. 83 stores also have a browser cart test (browser_cart_test). A checkout link is not a completed order: ARC never pays or places an order.

A free, open, per-store answer to one question: can an AI shopping agent find products and reach checkout at this store? Published by ARC at arcreport.ai/data under CC-BY-4.0. One frozen canonical snapshot per week. Cite the version folder, not latest/. The US checkout citation is canonicalUsCheckout in src/lib/dataset/canonical.ts, which reads latest/manifest.json and that version's store_answers.csv. The process is in docs/runbooks/canonical-snapshot.md. Nothing there is automated.

Headline numbers for each snapshot are in summary.json and manifest.json (headline), and at the top of arcreport.ai/data. summary.json is computed from store_answers.csv.

Count Meaning
attempted Every row in store_answers.csv. One store ARC attempted.
completed The check finished (can_agents_get_checkout_link is yes or no). Every percentage uses this denominator.
failed The check did not finish (not_tested).
stores_checked The same number as completed. The protocol matrix UCP and MCP denominator on the current snapshot is this same completed count.

Valid UCP profile, US stores

US stores serving a valid UCP profile, Shopify vs not Shopify

Shopify: 5,192 of 5,233 (99.2%). Not Shopify: 80 of 774 (10.3%). Valid UCP profile detected on 5,272 of 6,007 US stores checked. snapshot 2026-10-30 (checks dated 6–31 Oct 2026; 4 rows dated 31 Oct). A valid UCP profile was served; this does not show checkout works.

Counted from store_answers.csv in snapshot 2026-10-30. market is United States. A completed check is can_agents_get_checkout_link of yes or no. Shopify is platform equal to Shopify. Not Shopify is every other platform value, including Not detected and empty. The numerator is ucp_profile_valid yes.

Start with store_answers: one row per store, plain yes/no answers, a one-sentence verdict, the single most useful fix, and a link to the store's page on ARC with the details.

Column dictionary: store_answers

Column What it means
domain The store's website, without www.
store_name Store name from ARC's curated list. Empty for stores added by the public.
category What the store sells (ARC's label). Empty when ARC has not labelled it.
platform Shop software detected from the homepage (for example Shopify). "Not detected" means no known fingerprint (often a custom site). Empty means the homepage could not be read.
market Where the storefront sells (ARC's curated label, not measured). Empty when not labelled.
checked_at Date (UTC) of the latest automated check.
can_agents_find_products Could an AI agent search the store's products through a machine-readable agent connection and get a product back (the specific product, for the ~90 Index stores where ARC tests one)? yes / no / blocked (the store turned away ARC's automated HTTP check on checked_at; this is a response to ARC's checker, not a finding against the store) / not_tested (the check did not finish). "no" is about agent connections only: an agent may still click through the website like a person.
can_agents_read_price_and_stock Does the product page ARC opened list price and stock in structured data agents can read (schema.org Product)? yes / no / not_tested (no product page could be opened).
can_agents_get_checkout_link Did the agent connection hand back a checkout link for a product it returned? yes / no / not_tested. ARC stops there: it never pays or places an order, so "yes" means an agent can reach checkout, not that a purchase was completed.
agent_catalog_type Which agent connection answered with a product search tool: Shopify UCP MCP, Shopify Storefront MCP, or none.
ucp_profile_valid yes is a valid profile. no is only a profile that was found and failed validation. A missing profile is not_found_at_host: No public UCP profile found at the host. The store may still offer agent checkout through Google's UCP via Merchant Center. ARC has no access to Merchant Center data. turned_away means the HTTP status was not recorded. turned_away_challenge means a challenge page when the status is known. turned_away_block means HTTP 403. The short label is Turned away ARC's automated check. unknown means the check errored. A valid profile is stricter than publishes_ucp_file: it needs a dated version and a shopping service.
ucp Honest machine value for the /.well-known/ucp profile, on snapshots that include the column. not_found_at_host means: No public UCP profile found at the host. The store may still offer agent checkout through Google's UCP via Merchant Center. ARC has no access to Merchant Center data. turned_away means the HTTP status was not recorded. turned_away_challenge means a challenge page when the status is known. turned_away_block means HTTP 403. The short label is Turned away ARC's automated check. The HTTP 403 sentence is for the API and detail views. valid, invalid, and error are the other finished readings. not_tested means the check did not finish. The published latest store_answers file does not have this column.
publishes_ucp_file Does the store publish a UCP file at /.well-known/ucp? The cell comes only from the file check. yes means HTTP 200 JSON with a version plus services or capabilities. not_found_at_host means the file check returned 404 or 410. turned_away means that file check was turned away and the HTTP status was not recorded. unknown means ARC could not read the file. Empty means this check is not recorded, including an invalid profile with no file check. This column is not no.
ucp_file_checked_at UTC date of the /.well-known/ucp file check. Empty when that check is not recorded.
webmcp Did ARC see Shopify's storefront WebMCP adapter in the homepage HTML? yes / no / not_tested (checks before 6 Oct 2026). ARC does not yet detect other WebMCP setups (tools registered by script in the browser), so no means the Shopify adapter was not seen, not that the site has no WebMCP.
blocks_ai_crawlers Does robots.txt disallow at least one of the AI crawlers ARC tracks (answer, search or training bots) from the homepage or tested product? yes / no / unknown (robots.txt could not be read). A rule in a file, not an observed block.
blocks_ai_answer_agents Same, but only for AI assistants fetching pages for a user (for example ChatGPT-User, Perplexity-User). yes / no / unknown.
browser_cart_test Result of ARC's separate browser cart test, where it exists (about 90 stores): for example "2 of 5 added to cart". Empty means no browser test.
verdict A plain answer to "can AI agents reach checkout at this store?", the same sentence as the store's ARC page. The strongest answer is "AI agents can reach checkout": ARC's agent got a checkout link. ARC always stops before paying, so it never claims a completed purchase.
top_fix The most useful change for the store, in plain words, the same as the first fix on its ARC page. Empty when nothing is needed.
checked_by How the answer was measured: "automated HTTP check" or "automated HTTP check + browser cart test".
evidence_url The store's page on ARC with the full details.
tested_url The page the check started from: the homepage for most stores, one product page for Index stores (query string removed).
source How the store got into ARC: index (weekly browser Index), directory (ARC's curated list), submitted (added by the public) or checked (one-off check).
snapshot_date Date of this snapshot.
method_version Version of ARC's method used.
direct_agent_integration Public files an agent can read without an account: detected, not_found, or unknown. Empty means not recorded. Unknown and empty are not a no. A detected file is not a claim that an agent can reach checkout.
direct_agent_integration_checked_at UTC date of that file check. Empty when not recorded.
guest_checkout_offered During the no-payment checkout check: yes, no, or unknown. Empty means not recorded. ARC does not create an account. Unknown and empty are not a no.
account_creation_required Whether that page required an account and did not offer guest checkout. yes / no / unknown. Empty means not recorded.
account_signup_without_captcha_or_phone Whether a signup form was already on the page with no captcha and no phone check. yes / no / unknown. ARC does not open or submit the form.
account_guest_checked_at UTC date of the account and guest reading. Empty when not recorded.
block_reason Recorded reason for a block on the automated HTTP check: robots_disallow, bot_wall, tls, or other. Empty when the check was not blocked, when no reason was recorded, or on a snapshot exported before this column. Empty is not a bot wall. Bot protection or a bot wall is named only when this cell is bot_wall. A block is a response to ARC's checker, not a finding against the store.

How it is measured

Two separate methods. Every row says which one it comes from (checked_by).

  1. Automated HTTP check (every store). A plain program, not an AI model and not a browser, requests the store's machine-readable shopping interfaces the way an agent would: the Universal Commerce Protocol profile at /.well-known/ucp, Shopify's agent catalog endpoints (/api/ucp/mcp, /api/mcp), a product search, and the cart step that returns a checkout link. It also reads the homepage (platform fingerprint, WebMCP tags) and robots.txt. It identifies itself, runs at most about once per host per week, and never pays or places an order.
  2. Browser cart test (fewer than 100 Index stores only). Five ARC browser test shoppers each try to put one real product in the cart through the normal website, stopping before payment. Shown in browser_cart_test. These are ARC's own test runs, not sessions of any named consumer AI product.

Limitations (please read before citing)

  • Cite a figure with its n, its denominator, and its snapshot. Field names, numerators, and what each headline count does not show: metrics glossary.
  • A checkout link is not a purchase. ARC stops at the link. "yes" means an agent could reach checkout through the store's agent connection on the check date, not that an order would succeed.
  • "no" is about agent connections only. A store without one can still be used by an agent that clicks through the website like a person. Our browser cart test covers that, but only for fewer than 100 stores.
  • One check, one moment. Each answer is the store's latest check (dates in checked_at). Stores and stock change; a single failed check can be temporary.
  • "blocked" means the store turned away ARC's automated HTTP check on checked_at. This is a response to ARC's checker, not a finding against the store. Real agents may or may not be treated the same way. Bot protection or a bot wall is named only when block_reason is bot_wall.
  • Scope: ARC checks only the store's own site. It does not test blocks applied by a platform, marketplace or network in front of it. Turned away means unknown, not a no: it says nothing about whether an agent can reach checkout.
  • robots.txt is a rule in a file, not an observed block. Bots may ignore it, and firewalls may block bots that robots.txt allows.
  • The store list is a sample, not all of e-commerce. It is ARC's curated directory plus stores the public submitted. It leans toward English-language, direct-to-consumer brands and toward Shopify.
  • Labels such as category and market are ARC's curated labels, not measurements.
  • not_tested and unknown are used only where there is genuinely no result; they never mean "no".

Other tables

The full technical detail stays available alongside store_answers:

Table One row per What it holds
rails_checks Store The raw fields of the automated HTTP check (UCP profile status, MCP endpoints, catalog tool, cart status, WebMCP, platform id, evidence label)
stores Index store Browser cart test results: score, test shoppers that added to cart, failure label, per-persona outcome
adoption_history Week × source × metric Weekly counts
protocol_matrix Protocol × stage Declared / Valid / Usable / Transacts counts per protocol
personas Browser test shopper The five browser test personas

Field reference for the technical tables is below. Method and changelog: arcreport.ai/methodology.

What is excluded

No scraped page text or product copy, no model-written prose, no costs, no emails, accounts or visitor data. Only ARC's own answers, signals, URLs and dates. OpenStreetMap-derived directory rows are left out: they are ODbL share-alike, and this dataset stays CC-BY-4.0.

Older snapshots in /data/history can include OpenStreetMap-derived hosts. Those hosts are © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL, not CC-BY-4.0. Copyright: https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright. Licence: https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/. Current CC-BY exports leave those hosts out.

This file is the Hugging Face dataset card. OpenStreetMap-derived directory rows are left out of this CC-BY-4.0 dataset because they are ODbL share-alike. Older snapshots in /data/history can include those hosts. Those hosts are © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL, not CC-BY-4.0. Copyright: https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright. Licence: https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/. Code is MIT (github.com/abab7575/arc-open).

Licence, citation, corrections

CC-BY-4.0. Attribution: ARC, arcreport.ai. Store owners can ask for a correction or removal at arcreport.ai/contact.

Files and versioning

Each snapshot lives in its own immutable version folder and is copied to latest/. Every table comes as CSV and Parquet, with a manifest.json holding row counts, headline numbers, snapshot_version, generated_at (UTC) and supersedes.

Versioning

  • A version folder never changes once published. The first export on a date is YYYY-MM-DD/; any later export on the same date is published as YYYY-MM-DD.r2/, YYYY-MM-DD.r3/ and so on. The exporter refuses to overwrite an existing version.
  • latest/ is a moving copy of the newest version. To cite exact numbers, cite the version folder (for example /data/2026-10-07.r5/), not latest/. On 13 Oct 2026 the answer text was corrected in latest/store_answers and in the 2026-10-09 and 2026-10-12 folders. 2026-10-09 has no OpenStreetMap-derived rows. 2026-10-12.r2 is mixed licence (CC BY 4.0, except 203 OpenStreetMap-derived rows under ODbL-1.0, attributed to OpenStreetMap contributors). 2026-10-12.r3 drops those rows and is CC BY 4.0. 2026-10-30 also has no OpenStreetMap-derived rows and is CC BY 4.0. Neither date's folders contain unpublished discovery-source rows. See the erratum in /data/history/README.md.
  • versions.json lists every version with its generated_at, supersedes, method version, stores checked and row counts.
  • Before this rule (7 Oct 2026), /data/2026-10-07/ was regenerated four times during the day (rails_checks went from 607 to 647 to 1,044 rows). All five published versions are restored byte-for-byte from the commits that published them, as 2026-10-07/ (r1) to 2026-10-07.r5/; their manifests carry restored.source_commit.

Technical tables: field reference

The technical tables carry snapshot_date, method_version and evidence (measured or inferred).

stores

Field Meaning
slug, store_name, domain, category Store identity from ARC's public Index list
homepage_url, product_url The store homepage and the one product the checkout check starts from (query strings removed)
score ARC compatibility score, 0–100. Empty when a retest is pending
agents_chose, agents_total How many ARC browser personas added the product to the cart, out of how many
failure_reason Fixed label for where agents stopped (e.g. Blocked at the size picker), Added to cart (stopped before payment) when every shopper got the product into the cart (ARC never pays; older snapshots said Finished the purchase), or other
persona_a … persona_e Per-persona outcome: chose, missed or error. These are ARC browser shopper personas run on ARC-chosen models, not named consumer agents. Legacy alias ids (muse, instinct, grok, openai-dots, openclaw) are in personas.csv (legacy_alias_id)
index_week, scanned_at ISO week and UTC time of the scan
evidence measured when all five shoppers ran and a score exists; inferred otherwise

rails_checks

Field Meaning
domain, slug, category, product_url Store checked and the product page used (query strings removed; cart URLs are never stored)
status completed or failed
webmcp, storefront_mcp, ucp_mcp Whether each interface was detected. webmcp is empty (not measured) for checks before 18:00 UTC on 6 Oct 2026, when detection started
catalog_tool, catalog_found Catalog tool exposed and whether it returned the product
cart_status link, unavailable, not_offered, error or skipped
ucp_profile Stored /.well-known/ucp validity: valid, invalid, absent, blocked or error. Stricter than ucp_file. Public reading of absent is not_found_at_host: No public UCP profile found at the host. The store may still offer agent checkout through Google's UCP via Merchant Center. ARC has no access to Merchant Center data. Public reading of blocked is turned_away when the HTTP status was not recorded, turned_away_challenge when the status is known and is not 403, or turned_away_block when the response was HTTP 403. The short label is Turned away ARC's automated check. store_answers.ucp carries that public reading. This stored column stays the older value.
ucp_file /.well-known/ucp file: detected (HTTP 200 JSON with a version plus services or capabilities), not_found (404 or 410), unknown (403, 429, 5xx, timeout or non-JSON), or empty when not recorded. Empty and unknown are not a no. This is a published file, not a completed purchase.
mcp_blocked The store blocked the MCP request
checked_at UTC time of the check
evidence measured for a clean completed check; inferred when blocked, errored or failed
source index (ARC Index store), directory (curated list), submitted (added by the public via /agent-checkout/submit, the API or MCP, after validation) or checked (one-off check only)

adoption_history

week (ISO), source (index or rails), metric (e.g. stores_scored, mean_score, stores_any_persona_carted, ucp_profile_valid, ucp_file_detected, ucp_file_not_found, ucp_file_unknown, cart_link, webmcp, webmcp_measured) and value. The UCP file figures are plain counts from the file check: yes, not_found, turned away, and unknown. ucp_file_not_found is its own metric. A missing result is not a row and is not a no. The file column does not use no.

One definition with stores: index metrics use the latest completed scan per published Index store within the week, so the current week matches stores exactly. Rails metrics count each host once per week (its latest attempt that week). webmcp counts only checks after detection began; its denominator is webmcp_measured.

personas

persona, label, style, legacy_alias_id, method_version.

protocol_matrix

See arcreport.ai/protocols.

Host discovery sources

Checker host lists may include hostnames found in the Common Crawl columnar URL index (cc-index: plus the crawl id). Data from Common Crawl (https://commoncrawl.org). Hostnames only. Common Crawl page content is not stored or republished. Common Crawl terms are at https://commoncrawl.org/terms-of-use. Exported CC BY source tags are limited to cc-index:, wikidata:, expansion:, and source:wikidata. source:tranco, source:crux, rank tags, and OpenStreetMap tags are not exported. OpenStreetMap-derived rows are ODbL, not part of this CC BY snapshot. Unpublished discovery-source and campaign tags are not exported.

Files in this snapshot

Mirror of the official ARC open dataset at arcreport.ai/data, updated after each weekly snapshot (Mondays). Files are byte-for-byte copies of ARC's published CSV and Parquet.

Current snapshot: 2026-10-30 (snapshot date 2026-10-30, generated 2026-10-31 05:48 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10).

Config / table Rows What it holds
store_answers 10,681 Start here. One row per store in plain words: can AI agents find products and get a checkout link, what blocks them, a one-sentence verdict, top fix, and whether the answer is from the automated HTTP check or also the browser cart test.
stores 89 Latest completed ARC Index result per store (browser cart test: score, personas that carted, failure label).
rails_checks 10,681 Latest HTTP agent check per store domain (UCP profile, WebMCP, storefront MCP, catalog tool, cart link, checkout WebMCP).
adoption_history 60 Weekly aggregate counts by source and metric (long format).
personas 5 The five ARC browser shopper personas (A to E) with legacy alias ids.
protocol_matrix 24 Declared / Valid / Usable / Transacts counts per protocol with evidence labels. 
from datasets import load_dataset
answers = load_dataset("ArcReport/arc-agent-commerce", "store_answers", split="train")  # start here

Or just download latest/store_answers.csv.

Versions

  • latest/ is the newest snapshot. To cite exact numbers, cite a version folder under versions/ or the Hub tag v<version> (e.g. v2026-10-30), not latest/.

  • Version folders never change once published. A second export on the same date is YYYY-MM-DD.r2, .r3 and so on. versions.json lists every version.

  • 2026-10-07 (generated 2026-10-07 08:08 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-07.r2 (generated 2026-10-07 11:27 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-07.r3 (generated 2026-10-07 11:41 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-07.r4 (generated 2026-10-07 14:32 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-07.r5 (generated 2026-10-07 19:17 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-09 (generated 2026-10-09 15:47 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-09.r2 (generated 2026-10-09 15:54 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-09.r3 (generated 2026-10-09 16:03 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-12 (generated 2026-10-12 13:34 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-12.r2 (generated 2026-10-12 20:37 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-12.r3 (generated 2026-10-13 19:30 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

  • 2026-10-30 (generated 2026-10-31 05:48 UTC, method arc-method-2026.10)

Citation 

@misc{arc_agent_commerce_index_2026,
  title  = {ARC: can AI shopping agents reach checkout at these stores? Open dataset},
  author = {{ARC}},
  year   = {2026},
  note   = {Snapshot 2026-10-30, method arc-method-2026.10},
  howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/ArcReport/arc-agent-commerce}},
  url    = {https://www.arcreport.ai/data},
  license = {CC-BY-4.0}
}