Datasets:

Artanic30
/

Wiki_R1_Train

wikipedia_title stringlengths 3 74	wikipedia_url stringlengths 33 104	question stringlengths 17 269	question_type stringclasses 2 values	answer stringlengths 1 2.84k	dataset_name stringclasses 2 values	dataset_image_path stringlengths 71 190 ⌀	data_id unknown	ret dict	question_original stringclasses 785 values	dataset_image_ids stringlengths 13 13 ⌀
Hammer throw	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer_throw	Which country does this sport come from?	infoseek	SCT\|UK-SC\|Alba\|Scot\|UK-SCT\|SC\|Scotland\|Scotland, United Kingdom\|Caledonia	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00734350"	{ "0": { "text": "The men's hammer throw at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics is being held at the Olympic Stadium on 9 and 11 August.## Summary.The final started with Aleksei Sokirskiy (ANA)'s 76.22 m early leader. Wojciech Nowicki (POL) slightly improved upon that to 77.36 m but the next thrower Quentin...	Which country does this sport come from?	oven_00404497
Cirsium andersonii	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirsium_andersonii	What is the basionym of this plant?	infoseek	Cnicus andersonii	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00487041"	{ "0": { "text": "The Plant List, Cirsium andersonii (A.Gray) Petr. \nFlora of North America\nBiota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map\nCalflora taxon report, Cirsium andersonii (A. Gray) Jepson Anderson's thistle, rose thistle\nGray, Asa (1874). \"Contributions to the Botany of North America\...	What is the basionym of this plant?	oven_00606863
Hericium coralloides	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hericium_coralloides	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Hericium	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00021741"	{ "0": { "text": "Similar species include Hericium americanum and Hericium coralloides.", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hericium_erinaceus" }, "1": { "text": "Hericium coralloides is a saprotrophic fungus, commonly known as the coral tooth fungus. It grows on dead hardwood trees. The species i...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00446620
Crested myna	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crested_myna	What is the conservation status of this bird? (The status is assigned by the international union for conservation of nature. Choose one among Endangered,Least Concern,Critically Endangered,extinct species,extinct in the wild,Vulnerable,Near Threatened,Data Deficient)	infoseek	LR/lc\|Least Concern\|LC	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00191806"	{ "0": { "text": "Since 1998, the crested myna has been rated as a species of Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. It has a range that is larger than 20,000 km² and therefore, its range is too large for this bird to be considered vulnerable under the criterion of range size. Also, the populat...	What is the conservation status of this bird? (The status is assigned by the international union for conservation of nature. Choose one among Endangered,Least Concern,Critically Endangered,extinct species,extinct in the wild,Vulnerable,Near Threatened,Data Deficient)	oven_01188562
Fritillaria affinis	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritillaria_affinis	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Fritillaria	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00790619"	{ "0": { "text": "List of plants known as lily", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritillaria_affinis" }, "1": { "text": "Uvularia grandiflora, the large-flowered bellwort or merrybells, is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae, native to eastern and central North America.", ...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00487427
Malahide Castle	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malahide_Castle	What country does this building belong to?	infoseek	Ireland (state)\|Éire\|ireland\|ie\|Ireland, Republic of\|🇮🇪\|Republic of Ireland\|Hibernia\|Southern Ireland\|IE\|Ireland\|Eire\|IRL	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00391797"	{ "0": { "text": "The estate began in 1185, when Richard Talbot, a knight who accompanied Henry II to Ireland in 1174, was granted the \"lands and harbour of Malahide.\" The oldest parts of the castle date back to the 12th century and it was home to the Talbot family for 791 years, from 1185 until 1976, the only ...	What country does this building belong to?	oven_00024659
California red-sided garter snake	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_red-sided_garter_snake	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this animal?	infoseek	red-sided garter snake\|Thamnophis sirtalis\|common garter snake\|common gartersnake	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00765014"	{ "0": { "text": "There is some confusion regarding the subspecific name of T. s. infernalis. Boundy and Rossman (1995) pointed out some nomenclature problems with the Pacific Coast populations of Thamnophis sirtalis subspecies. However, the suggestions that the subspecies T. s. tetrataenia be referred to as T. s...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this animal?	oven_00471746
Comptonia peregrina	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comptonia_peregrina	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Comptonia	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00660918"	{ "0": { "text": "The plant is native to: North America across Canada, the eastern and central United States, the Great Plains, and in Alaska; the Caribbean on Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica; and South America in the southern bioregion (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay), the western bioregion (Bolivia, Peru), a...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00453724
Rutpela maculata	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutpela_maculata	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	Rutpela	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00111360"	{ "0": { "text": "Rutpela maculata, the spotted longhorn, is a beetle species of flower longhorns of the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Lepturinae.", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutpela_maculata" }, "1": { "text": "Typocerus velutinus, known generally as the banded longhorn or cerambycid bee...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00551416
Pine warbler	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine_warbler	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this bird?	infoseek	Setophaga	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00261901"	{ "0": { "text": "These birds have white bellies, two white wing bars, dark legs and thin, relatively long pointed bills; they have yellowish 'spectacles' around their eyes. Adult males have olive upperparts and bright yellow throats and breasts; females and immatures display upperparts which are olive-brown. The...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this bird?	oven_00441881
Sedum acre	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedum_acre	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Sedum\|stonecrops	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00505654"	{ "0": { "text": "Sedum spathulifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae known by the common names broadleaf stonecrop, yellow stonecrop, and spoon-leaved stonecrop. An evergreen perennial, it is native to western North America from British Columbia to southern California, where it can be...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00518392
Collinsia parviflora	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collinsia_parviflora	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Collinsia	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00790422"	{ "0": { "text": "Collinsia parviflora is an annual plant with a spindly reddish stem and narrow lance-shaped green leaves with edges that curl under.\nThe minuscule flowers grow singly or in loose clusters of several flowers. Each flower has five lobes, the lower deep blue to purple and the upper white. The whol...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00541251
Field sparrow	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_sparrow	What is the conservation status of this bird? (The status is assigned by the international union for conservation of nature. Choose one among Endangered,Least Concern,Critically Endangered,extinct species,extinct in the wild,Vulnerable,Near Threatened,Data Deficient)	infoseek	LR/lc\|Least Concern\|LC	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00472378"	{ "0": { "text": "BirdLife International (2020). \"Zonotrichia albicollis\". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T22721085A138469176. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22721085A138469176.en. Retrieved 25 March 2022.\nJobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, United Ki...	What is the conservation status of this bird? (The status is assigned by the international union for conservation of nature. Choose one among Endangered,Least Concern,Critically Endangered,extinct species,extinct in the wild,Vulnerable,Near Threatened,Data Deficient)	oven_00764116
Asplenium flaccidum	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_flaccidum	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	hart's tongue\|Asplenium\|hart's tongue fern	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00051466"	{ "0": { "text": "This species occurs widely in New Zealand and also in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania in Australia. An example occurrence in the North Island of New Zealand is in the Hamilton Ecological District where it is associated with a number of other ferns including Icarus filiforme an...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00532420
Leucorrhinia frigida	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucorrhinia_frigida	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	Leucorrhinia	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00916252"	{ "0": { "text": "The dot-tailed whiteface (Leucorrhinia intacta) is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is also one of the most common and widespread in the genus Leucorrhinia.", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-tailed_whiteface" }, "1": { "text": "Leucorrhinia frigida, the...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00463682
Micranthes virginiensis	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micranthes_virginiensis	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Micranthes	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00554984"	{ "0": { "text": "It is a herbaceous plant, which can reach 30 cm (12 in) tall. This species flowers in the spring and is usually found growing on rocks, cliffs, or logs. The pubescent stem is thought to deter ground insects from reaching its flowers, which would be less effective for pollination than flying inse...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00784738
Pieris marginalis	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieris_marginalis	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	large cabbage white butterfly\|White\|Pieris\|cabbage white butterfly	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00444016"	{ "0": { "text": "P. napi is found in damp, grassy places with some shade, forest edges, hedgerows, meadows and wooded river valleys. The later generations widen their habitat use in the search for alternative food plants in drier, but flowery places. In the Mediterranean the insect is also found in scrub around ...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00993944
Schinia arcigera	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schinia_arcigera	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	Schinia	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00210668"	{ "0": { "text": "Agrochola bicolorago, the bicolored sallow or shield-backed cutworm, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It is found in the eastern half of the United States (except southern Florida) and Canada.\nThe wingspan is 28–38 mm. Adults are on w...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00595497
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drymarchon_melanurus_erebennus	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this animal?	infoseek	Middle American indigo snake\|Drymarchon melanurus	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00884393"	{ "0": { "text": "The genus Notechis is allied to the elapid family, venomous snakes with fixed front fangs. The classification of this genus is given as a single and highly variable species, Notechis scutatus, or a second species Notechis ater, and by an arrangement of subspecies or regional morphs.\nA 2016 gene...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this animal?	oven_00564623
Daucus pusillus	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daucus_pusillus	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Daucus	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00268353"	{ "0": { "text": "Parthenium hysterophorus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the American tropics. Common names include Santa-Maria, Santa Maria feverfew, whitetop weed, and famine weed. In India, it is locally known as carrot grass, congress grass or Gajar Ghas. It is a co...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00648219
Landeck Castle (Palatinate)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landeck_Castle_(Palatinate)	Which city or region does this building locate in?	infoseek	Klingenmünster	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00352201"	{ "0": { "text": "In the winter of 1944–45, the area was the scene of heavy fighting, changing hands twice between the Americans and the Germans. In the end, no building remained without damage.\nOn January 1, 1974, Habkirchen was incorporated into the newly formed community of Mandelbachtal.", "url": "https:...	Which city or region does this building locate in?	oven_00094406
Nosoderma diabolicum	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosoderma_diabolicum	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	Phloeodes	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00164557"	{ "0": { "text": "Nosoderma diabolicum (formerly Phloeodes diabolicus), common name: diabolical ironclad beetle, is a beetle of the Family Zopheridae. It is found in deserts of western North America, where it lives on fungi growing under tree bark. It is flightless and has a lifespan of two years, compared to the...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00490830
Prairie falcon	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie_falcon	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this bird?	infoseek	Falco\|Falcon	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00204589"	{ "0": { "text": "It was previously often considered the only New World member of the hierofalcon subgenus, but in recent decades this assumption has been disproven by genetic analysis. DNA studies beginning in the 1980s have shown the prairie falcon to be closer to the peregrine than to the hierofalcons.", ...	What is the closest parent taxonomy of this bird?	oven_00510246
Lindheimera texana	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindheimera_texana	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	infoseek	Lindheimera	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00436360"	{ "0": { "text": "Smallanthus uvedalia, known as hairy leafcup, bear's foot, and yellow flower leafcup, is a herbaceous perennial native to the Central and Eastern United States. It is a member of the family Asteraceae.", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallanthus_uvedalia" }, "1": { "text": "...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?	oven_00450306
Little black cormorant	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_black_cormorant	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this bird?	infoseek	cormorant genus\|Phalacrocorax	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00653715"	{ "0": { "text": "Adelaide: Rigby. pp. 207–08. ISBN 0-85179-102-6.\nSibley, Charles Gald; Monroe, Burt Leavelle (1990). Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale University Press. p. 300. ISBN 0300049692. Retrieved 2 August 2012.\nMiller, B. (1979). \"Ecology of the Little Black Cormorant, Phalacrocor...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this bird?	oven_00923318
Hemideina crassidens	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemideina_crassidens	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	infoseek	Hemideina\|tree weta\|tree wētā	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00002225"	{ "0": { "text": "The Cook Strait giant weta is one of the largest insects in the world, reaching up to 7 centimetres (2.8 in) long. The brownish-yellow body is bulky and heavily armoured, with the upper surface covered by a series of thickened, overlapping plates, which have black markings. Relative to the size ...	What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?	oven_00867529
Metrosideros perforata	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrosideros_perforata	Where is this plant native to?	infoseek	Dominion of New Zealand\|New Zealand\|NZL\|nz\|Aotearoa\|🇳🇿\|Aotearoa New Zealand\|NZ	infoseek	null	"infoseek_train_00452135"	{ "0": { "text": "Ripogonum scandens, (commonly known as supplejack, Māori: kareao, pirita, translated as \"twisted rope\") is a common rainforest vine native to New Zealand. It can also grow in areas of swamp.\nSupplejack is a climbing liana, that has hard but flexible stems. It starts its life as a sappy stem s...	Where is this plant native to?	oven_00489458

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YAML Metadata Warning:empty or missing yaml metadata in repo card

Check out the documentation for more information.

Wiki-R1 Training Dataset

Dataset Link: https://huggingface.co/datasets/Artanic30/Wiki_R1_Train

Overview

This dataset contains training annotations and auxiliary files for the Wiki-R1 project, a reinforcement learning framework for Knowledge-Intensive Visual Question Answering (KIVQA). The dataset combines Infoseek and EVQA data with knowledge base retrieval and label propagation support.

Dataset Structure

The dataset consists of the following JSON annotation files:

📁 Main Training Data

File	Size	Description
`merge_infoseek_train_filtered_balance_sample20k_top5_and_evqa_train_sample20k_top5_w_I2T.json`	330 M	Primary training set combining 20k Infoseek samples + 20k EVQA samples. Each entry contains: - Question and answer pairs - Top-5 retrieved KB candidates - Image metadata (OVEN IDs) - Entity information for curriculum learning

📁 Knowledge Base & Entity Mapping

File	Size	Description
`final_related_KB_reflectiVA_v2.json`	5.9 GB	Knowledge base entries containing: - Wikipedia URLs - Entity descriptions and text - Visual-textual alignment metadata Used for entity grounding and answer verification
`oven_id2path.json`	299 M	Image path mapping that maps OVEN dataset image IDs to local file paths. Required for loading visual data during training.

📁 Label Propagation & Similarity Matrices

File	Size	Description
`final_data_v2_kb_sim.json`	1.2 GB	KB entity similarity matrix (primary). Pre-computed pairwise similarities between knowledge base entities using CLIP embeddings. Used for label propagation to improve curriculum learning.

Data Format

Training Data Format (`merge_...json`)

The training data is a JSON array where each entry represents a visual question-answering sample. Example structure:

{
  "data_id": "infoseek_train_00734350",
  "question": "Which country does this sport come from?",
  "question_original": "Which country does this sport come from?",
  "question_type": "infoseek",
  "answer": "SCT|UK-SC|Alba|Scot|UK-SCT|SC|Scotland|Scotland, United Kingdom|Caledonia",
  "dataset_name": "infoseek",
  "dataset_image_ids": "oven_00404497",
  "wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer_throw",
  "wikipedia_title": "Hammer throw",
  "wikipedia_url_used_in_train": "0",
  "encyclopedic_vqa_split": "0",
  "dataset_category_id": "0",
  "evidence": "0",
  "evidence_section_id": "0",
  "evidence_section_title": "0",
  "ret": {
    "0": {
      "text": "...",
      "url": "Q34357085"
    },
    "1": {
      "text": "...",
      "url": "Q24951623"
    },
    "2": {
      "text": "...",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer_throw"
    },
    // ... up to top-10 retrieved candidates
    "gt_url": {
      "text": "...",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer_throw"
    }
  }
}

Key Fields:

data_id: Unique identifier (format: {dataset}_{split}_{id})
question: Question text
answer: Answer string (may contain multiple acceptable forms separated by |)
dataset_image_ids: OVEN image ID (used to lookup path via oven_id2path.json)
wikipedia_url: Ground truth Wikipedia entity URL
ret: Dictionary of retrieved candidate entities with text snippets and URLs

KB Entity Format (`final_related_KB_reflectiVA_v2.json`)

The KB file is a JSON array of entity objects. Example structure:

{
  "kb_id": 992707,
  "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khindsi_Lake",
  "title": "Khindsi Lake",
  "cate": "unseen_kb",
  "KB_text": "Khindsi Lake\nKhindsi Lake is a lake near the city of Ramtek...",
  "section_titles": ["Khindsi Lake", "References"],
  "section_texts": ["Khindsi Lake is a lake near...", "\"Rajkamal Resorts\"."],
  "image_reference_descriptions": ["Khindsi Lake"],
  "image_section_indices": [0],
  "image_urls": ["/inspurfs/group/.../image/2e7a095c-604a-3819-af9c-d58b20287a52.jpg"],
  "image_path": "/inspurfs/group/.../image/2e7a095c-604a-3819-af9c-d58b20287a52.jpg"
}

Key Fields:

url: Wikipedia URL (used as primary key: kb_dict = {_['url']: _ for _ in kb})
title: Wikipedia page title
KB_text: Concatenated text from all sections
section_titles / section_texts: Structured content by section
image_reference_descriptions: Image captions from Wikipedia
cate: Category label (e.g., "unseen_kb")

Similarity Matrix Format (`*_kb_sim.json`)

The similarity matrices are nested dictionaries mapping entity URLs to similar entities:

{
  "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khindsi_Lake": {
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boating_lake": 0.32811707,
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramtek": 0.31777696,
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Lake_(Peterborough)": 0.24621595,
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khindsi_Lake": 1.0,
    // ... more similar entities with cosine similarity scores
  },
  // ... more entities
}

Structure:

Outer key: Source entity URL
Inner keys: Related entity URLs
Values: Similarity scores (0-1, with 1.0 for self-similarity)

These matrices are used for label propagation during curriculum learning to spread confidence scores among similar entities.

Image Path Mapping (`oven_id2path.json`)

A flat dictionary mapping OVEN image IDs to relative paths:

{
  "oven_00041623": "oven_images/00/oven_00041623.jpg",
  "oven_00041624": "oven_images/00/oven_00041624.jpg",
  "oven_00404497": "oven_images/04/oven_00404497.jpg",
  // ... ~2 million entries
}

Usage in code:

img_path = oven_id2path[item['dataset_image_ids']]
full_path = os.path.join('data/source', img_path)
# Results in: data/source/oven_images/00/oven_00041623.jpg

Usage

Download Instructions

# Install huggingface_hub
pip install huggingface_hub

# Download all JSON files
huggingface-cli download Artanic30/Wiki_R1_Train --repo-type dataset --local-dir ./data/annotation

Directory Structure After Download

data/annotation/
├── merge_infoseek_train_filtered_balance_sample20k_top5_and_evqa_train_sample20k_top5_w_I2T.json
├── final_related_KB_reflectiVA_v2.json
├── oven_id2path.json
├── final_data_v2_kb_sim.json
├── final_data_sentbert_kb_sim.json
├── final_data_v2_question_sim.json
├── KB_sim_42b8eabda30759e781b4b0b4a3842fc2.json
└── KB_sim_5863b7489960bcc4d270c6399b4fe819.json

Note: The actual image files are not included in this dataset. You need to download OVEN, Infoseek, and EVQA image datasets separately and organize them according to oven_id2path.json.

Citation

If you use this dataset, please cite the Wiki-R1 project:

@article{ning2026wiki,
  title={Wiki-R1: Incentivizing Multimodal Reasoning for Knowledge-based VQA via Data and Sampling Curriculum},
  author={Ning, Shan and Qiu, Longtian and He, Xuming},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.05256},
  year={2026}
}

License

license: apache-2.0

Downloads last month: -

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

297 MB

Number of rows:

40,000

Paper for Artanic30/Wiki_R1_Train

Wiki-R1: Incentivizing Multimodal Reasoning for Knowledge-based VQA via Data and Sampling Curriculum

Paper • 2603.05256 • Published Mar 5