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La création de la passerelle d’application par Azure peut prendre jusqu’à 30 minutes.
Une fois la passerelle d’application créée, vous pouvez afficher les paramètres suivants
dans la section Paramètres de la page Application Gateway :
appGatewayBackendPool : situé dans la page Pools principaux, ce paramètre
spécifie le... | [
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\
--name myAppGateway \
--location eastus \
--resource-group myResourceGroupAG \
--capacity 2 \
--sku Standard_v2 \
--public-ip-address myAGPublicIPAddress \
--vnet-name myVNet \
--subnet myAGSubnet \
--servers "$address1" "$address2" \
--priority 100
Tester la passerelle d’application
az network pu... | [
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0.03... | {
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"source": "53",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
Copiez et collez l’adresse IP publique dans la barre d’adresse de votre navigateur.
Quand vous actualisez le navigateur, vous devez voir s’afficher le nom de la deuxième
machine virtuelle. Cela indique que la passerelle d’application a été correctement créée
et peut se connecter au back-end.
Quand vous n’avez plus bes... | [
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"total_pages"... |
Démarrage rapide : diriger le trafic web
avec Azure Application Gateway - Bicep
Article • 03/06/2024
Dans le cadre de ce guide de démarrage rapide, vous allez utiliser Bicep pour créer une
Azure Application Gateway. Ensuite, vous la testerez pour être sûr qu’elle fonctionne
correctement. La référence SKU Standard v2 es... | [
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0.01... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "55",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
Ce fichier Bicep crée une configuration simple avec une adresse IP front-end publique,
un écouteur de base pour héberger un site unique sur cette passerelle applicative, une
règle de routage des requêtes simple et deux machines virtuelles dans le pool de back-
ends.
Le fichier Bicep utilisé dans ce guide de démarrage r... | [
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-0.0... | {
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"contains_sku": false,
"document_title": "Application_Gateway",
"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "56",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
}
]
}
}]
resource publicIPAddress 'Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses@2023-09-01' =
[for i in range(0, 3): {
name: '${publicIPAddressName}${i}'
location: location
sku: {
name: 'Standard'
}
properties: {
publicIPAddressVersion: 'IPv4'
publicIPAllocationMethod: 'Static'
idleTimeoutInMinu... | [
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0.03... | {
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"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "57",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
properties: {
hardwareProfile: {
vmSize: vmSize
}
storageProfile: {
imageReference: {
publisher: 'MicrosoftWindowsServer'
offer: 'WindowsServer'
sku: '2016-Datacenter'
version: 'latest'
}
osDisk: {
osType: 'Windows'
createOption: 'FromI... | [
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settings: {
commandToExecute: 'powershell Add-WindowsFeature Web-Server;
powershell Add-Content -Path "C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot\\Default.htm" -Value
$($env:computername)'
}
}
dependsOn: [
virtualMachine
]
}]
resource applicationGateWay 'Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways@2023-09-
01' = {
name: ap... | [
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"is_summary": false,
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"source": "59",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
}
]
backendHttpSettingsCollection: [
{
name: 'myHTTPSetting'
properties: {
port: 80
protocol: 'Http'
cookieBasedAffinity: 'Disabled'
pickHostNameFromBackendAddress: false
requestTimeout: 20
}
}
]
httpListeners: [
... | [
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"total_pages"... |
}
]
enableHttp2: false
autoscaleConfiguration: {
minCapacity: 0
maxCapacity: 10
}
}
dependsOn: [
virtualNetwork
publicIPAddress[0]
]
}
resource networkInterface 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces@2023-09-01' =
[for i in range(0, 2): {
name: '${networkInterfaceName}${i + 1}... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "61",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
Plusieurs ressources Azure sont définies dans le fichier Bicep :
Microsoft.Network/applicationgateways
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses : une pour la passerelle d’application et
deux pour les machines virtuelles.
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachi... | [
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0... | {
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"is_summary": false,
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"source": "62",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
Une fois le déploiement terminé, un message doit s’afficher pour indiquer que le
déploiement a réussi.
Utilisez le portail Azure, Azure CLI ou Azure PowerShell pour répertorier les ressources
déployées dans le groupe de ressources.
Azure CLI
Quand vous n’avez plus besoin du groupe de ressources ni de ses ressources, ut... | [
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"source": "63",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
Démarrage rapide : Diriger le trafic web
avec Azure Application Gateway -
Modèle ARM
Article • 03/06/2024
Dans ce guide de démarrage rapide, vous allez utiliser un modèle Azure Resource
Manager (modèle ARM) pour créer une instance Azure Application Gateway. Ensuite,
vous la testerez pour être sûr qu’elle fonctionne cor... | [
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0.... | {
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"total_pages":... |
Compte Azure avec un abonnement actif. Créez un compte gratuitement
.
Par souci de simplicité, ce modèle crée une configuration simple avec une adresse IP
front-end publique, un écouteur de base pour héberger un site unique sur cette
passerelle d’application, une règle de routage des requêtes simple et deux machines
vi... | [
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0.0... | {
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"total_pages":... |
"adminPassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Password for the admin account on the backend
servers"
}
},
"location": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"metadata": {
"description": "Location for all r... | [
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0.02... | {
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"total_pages"... |
"access": "Allow",
"priority": 300,
"direction": "Inbound"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"copy": {
"name": "publicIPAddress",
"count": "[length(range(0, 3))]"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"apiVersion": "2... | [
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],
"enableDdosProtection": false,
"enableVmProtection": false
}
},
{
"copy": {
"name": "virtualMachine",
"count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}{1}', var... | [
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0.... | {
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}
},
"dependsOn": [
"networkInterface"
]
},
{
"copy": {
"name": "virtualMachine_IIS",
"count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}{1}/IIS', var... | [
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0.0... | {
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"total_pages"... |
"name": "appGwPublicFrontendIp",
"properties": {
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',
format('{0}0', variables('publicIPAddressName')))]"
}
}
}
... | [
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"requestRoutingRules": [
{
"name": "myRoutingRule",
"properties": {
"ruleType": "Basic",
"priority": 1,
"httpListener": {
"id": "
[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/httpListeners',
variables('applicationGateWayN... | [
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"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',
format('{0}{1}', variables('publicIPAddressName'), add(range(0, 2)
[copyIndex()], 1)))]"
},
"subnet": {
"id": "
[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets',
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0... | {
"azure_component": "network",
"chunk_index": 77,
"contains_sku": true,
"document_title": "Application_Gateway",
"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "72",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
Plusieurs ressources Azure sont définies dans le modèle :
Microsoft.Network/applicationgateways
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses : une pour la passerelle d’application et
deux pour les machines virtuelles.
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines : d... | [
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Même si IIS n’est pas obligatoire pour créer la passerelle d’application, il est installé
pour vérifier qu’Azure a bien créé la passerelle d’application. Utilisez IIS pour tester la
passerelle d’application :
1. Recherchez l’adresse IP publique de la passerelle d’application dans la page Vue
d’ensemble correspondante.
... | [
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0.0427164... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "74",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
Quand vous n’avez plus besoin des ressources que vous avez créées avec la passerelle
d’application, supprimez le groupe de ressources. Cela supprime la passerelle
d’application et toutes les ressources associées.
Pour supprimer le groupe de ressources, appelez l’applet de commande Remove-
AzResourceGroup :
Azure Power... | [
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"source": "75",
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"total_pages"... |
Démarrage rapide : Diriger le trafic web
avec Azure Application Gateway -
Terraform
23/06/2025
Dans ce guide de démarrage rapide, vous allez utiliser Terraform pour créer une passerelle
Azure Application Gateway. Ensuite, vous la testerez pour être sûr qu’elle fonctionne
correctement. La référence SKU Standard v2 est u... | [
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "76",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
d’azurerm_network_interface
＂
Créez une association de pool d’adresses principales de passerelle d’application d’interface
réseau Azure à l’aide de
azurerm_network_interface_application_gateway_backend_address_pool_association
＂
Créer une machine virtuelle Windows Azure à l’aide de azurerm_windows_virtual_machine
＂
Cré... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "76",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
Installer et configurer Terraform
1. Créez un répertoire dans lequel tester l’exemple de code Terraform et définissez-le
comme répertoire actuel.
2. Créez un fichier nommé providers.tf et insérez le code suivant :
Terraform
７ Notes
Le frontend d’Application Gateway prend désormais en charge les adresses IP à double
pi... | [
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0... | {
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"contains_sku": true,
"document_title": "Application_Gateway",
"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "77",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages":... |
3. Créez un fichier nommé main.tf et insérez le code suivant :
Terraform
terraform {
required_version = ">=1.2"
required_providers {
azurerm = {
source = "hashicorp/azurerm"
version = "~> 3.0"
}
random = {
source = "hashicorp/random"
version = "~> 3.0"
}
}
}
provider "... | [
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0.... | {
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"document_title": "Application_Gateway",
"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "78",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
address_prefixes = ["10.21.1.0/24"]
}
resource "azurerm_public_ip" "pip" {
name = "myAGPublicIPAddress"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
allocation_method = "Static"
sku = "Standard"
}
resource "a... | [
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0.05107... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "79",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
}
request_routing_rule {
name = var.request_routing_rule_name
rule_type = "Basic"
http_listener_name = var.listener_name
backend_address_pool_name = var.backend_address_pool_name
backend_http_settings_name = var.http_setting_name
priority ... | [
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "80",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
4. Créez un fichier nommé variables.tf et insérez le code suivant :
Terraform
os_disk {
caching = "ReadWrite"
storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
}
source_image_reference {
publisher = "MicrosoftWindowsServer"
offer = "WindowsServer"
sku = "2019-Datacenter"
versio... | [
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0.037... | {
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"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "81",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
5. Créez un fichier nommé outputs.tf et insérez le code suivant :
Terraform
Exécutez terraform init
pour initialiser le déploiement Terraform. Cette commande télécharge
le fournisseur Azure requis pour gérer vos ressources Azure.
Console
Points clés :
Le paramètre -upgrade met à niveau les plug-ins de fournisseur né... | [
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0.03... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "82",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages"... |
Points clés :
La commande terraform plan crée un plan d’exécution, mais ne l’exécute pas. Au lieu de
cela, il détermine les actions nécessaires pour créer la configuration spécifiée dans vos
fichiers de configuration. Ce modèle vous permet de vérifier si le plan d’exécution
correspond à vos attentes avant d’apporter d... | [
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"total_pages"... |
2. Copiez et collez l’adresse IP publique dans la barre d’adresse de votre navigateur.
Actualisez le navigateur pour voir le nom de la machine virtuelle. Une réponse valide
vérifie que la passerelle d’application a été créée et qu’elle peut se connecter au serveur
principal.
Lorsque vous n’avez plus besoin des ressourc... | [
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0.0329... | {
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"total_pages"... | |
Meilleures pratiques d’architecture pour
Azure Application Gateway v2
12/05/2025
Azure Application Gateway v2 est un équilibreur de charge de trafic web qui fonctionne au
niveau de la couche Application. Application Gateway gère le trafic vers vos applications web
en fonction des attributs d’une requête HTTP. Utilisez ... | [
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"total_pages":... |
L'objectif du pilier Fiabilité est de fournir une fonctionnalité continue en construisant
suffisamment de résilience et la capacité de récupérer rapidement en cas de défaillance.
Les principes de conception pour la fiabilité offrent une stratégie de haut niveau appliquée aux
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des serveurs d’un pool de serveurs arrière parce que les connexions
existantes doivent être vidées.
＂
Implémentez le modèle de surveillance des points de terminaison de santé. Votre
application doit exposer des points de terminaison de santé, qui agrègent l'état des
services et dépendances critiques nécessaires pour tr... | [
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"total_pages"... |
Un intervalle plus élevé place une charge plus élevée sur votre service. Chaque instance
Application Gateway envoie sa propre sonde d’intégrité, de sorte que 100 instances
toutes les 30 secondes sont égales à 100 requêtes toutes les 30 secondes.
Un intervalle inférieur allonge le temps avant que la sonde d'intégrité dé... | [
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"total_pages"... |
compte des limitations d’Application Gateway et des problèmes connus
susceptibles d’affecter la fiabilité. Passez en revue les questions fréquentes (FAQ)
d’Application Gateway pour obtenir des informations importantes sur le comportement de
conception, les correctifs en cours de construction, les limitations de platefo... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Déployez des instances Application Gateway
dans une configuration prenant en charge les
zones.
Vérifiez la prise en charge régionale de la
redondance de zone, car toutes les régions
n’offrent pas cette fonctionnalité.
Lorsque vous répartissez plusieurs instances entre des
zones, votre charge de ... | [
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consultez les
UDR pris en charge.
Les UDR sur le sous-réseau Application Gateway peuvent
entraîner des problèmes. N’utilisez pas d’UDR sur le sous-
réseau Application Gateway afin de pouvoir afficher la
santé du back-end, les journaux et les données de
performance.
Configurez les paramètres IdleTimeout pour
qu’ils corr... | [
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0.005257111042737961,
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Recommandation
Avantage
Pour plus d’informations, consultez la
réinitialisation et le délai d'inactivité du
protocole TCP du répartiteur de charge.
connexion se ferme et le client ne voit pas la réponse
back-end.
L'objectif du pilier Sécurité est de fournir des garanties de confidentialité, d'intégrité et de
disponibil... | [
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tampon chaque requête jusqu’à ce qu’elle arrive entièrement.
Vérifie si la requête correspond à une violation de règle dans son ensemble de règles
de base.
Transfère le paquet aux instances principales.
Les chargements de fichiers volumineux qui sont de 30 Mo ou plus peuvent introduire une
latence significative. Les ex... | [
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Lorsque vous utilisez Azure Front Door et Application Gateway pour protéger les
applications HTTP ou HTTPS, utilisez des stratégies WAF dans Azure Front Door et
verrouillez Application Gateway pour recevoir le trafic uniquement à partir d’Azure Front
Door. Certains scénarios peuvent vous forcer à implémenter des règles... | [
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approuvé. Il établit une connexion sécurisée uniquement lorsqu’elle trouve
une autorité de certification approuvée. Sinon, Application Gateway marque le back-end
comme non sain.
＂
Protégez les secrets d’application. Utilisez Azure Key Vault pour stocker des certificats TLS
pour renforcer la sécurité et faciliter le ren... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Configurez une stratégie TLS pour
renforcer la sécurité. Veillez à utiliser
la dernière version de la stratégie
TLS.
Utilisez la dernière stratégie TLS pour appliquer l’utilisation de TLS
1.2 et des chiffrements plus forts. La stratégie TLS inclut le
contrôle de la version du protocole TLS et le... | [
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se concentre sur la détection des modèles de dépense, la
hiérarchisation des investissements dans les domaines critiques et l’optimisation dans
d’autres pour répondre au budget de l’organisation tout en répondant aux besoins de
l’entreprise.
Les principes de conception de l’optimisation des coûts fournissent une straté... | [
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Démarrez votre stratégie de conception en utilisant la liste de contrôle de révision de
conception pour optimiser les coûts dans vos investissements. Ajustez la conception afin que la
charge de travail soit alignée sur le budget alloué pour la charge de travail. Votre conception
doit utiliser les fonctionnalités Azure ... | [
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des pools back-end vides. Arrêtez les instances Application Gateway
quand elles ne sont pas utilisées.
＂
Optimisez le coût de mise à l’échelle de votre instance Application Gateway. Pour
optimiser votre stratégie de mise à l’échelle et réduire les demandes de votre wokload,
consultez Recommandations pour optimiser le c... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Surveillez les métriques Application
Gateway, comme les principaux facteurs
de coût :
- Unités de capacité facturées estimées.
- Unités de capacité facturables fixes.
- Unités de capacité actuelles.
Veillez à prendre en compte les coûts
de bande passante.
Utilisez ces métriques pour vérifier si ... | [
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supervision.
Utilisez les métriques de capacité pour surveiller l’utilisation de la capacité Application
Gateway provisionnée. Définissez des alertes sur les métriques pour vous avertir des
problèmes de capacité ou d’autres problèmes au niveau d’Application Gateway ou du
serveur principal. Utilisez les journaux de diag... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Configurez des alertes pour avertir votre équipe
lorsque les métriques de capacité, telles que
l’utilisation du processeur et l’utilisation de
l’unité de calcul, dépassent les seuils
recommandés.
Pour configurer un ensemble complet d’alertes
basées sur les métriques de capacité, consultez
la pri... | [
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-... | {
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les
journaux de pare-feu, les journaux de
performances et les journaux d’accès.
Utilisez les journaux pour détecter, examiner et
résoudre les problèmes liés aux instances
d’Application Gateway et à votre charge de travail.
supervision centralisée pour identifier et résoudre rapidement les problèmes, optimiser les
perfo... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Utilisez Advisor pour surveiller les problèmes de
configuration de Key Vault. Définissez une alerte
pour avertir votre équipe lorsque vous recevez la
recommandation qui indique Résolvez le
problème Azure Key Vault pour votre
Application Gateway.
Utilisez les alertes Advisor pour rester à jour et... | [
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v2. Définissez les valeurs appropriées pour le
nombre minimal et maximal d’instances. Dimensionner correctement le sous-réseau dédié
requis par Application Gateway. Pour plus d’informations, consultez Recommandations
pour la planification de la capacité.
Application Gateway v2 effectue un scale-out basé sur de nombreux... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Définissez le nombre minimal d’instances à un niveau
optimal en fonction du nombre d’instances estimé, des
tendances réelles de mise à l’échelle automatique
d’Application Gateway et de vos modèles d’application.
Vérifiez les unités de calcul actuelles pour le mois
dernier. Cette métrique représe... | [
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Par
rapport à la référence SKU v1, la référence SKU v2 offre des fonctionnalités qui améliorent
les performances de la charge de travail. Par exemple, la référence SKU v2 offre de
meilleures performances de déchargement TLS, des temps de déploiement et de mise à
jour plus rapides, ainsi que la prise en charge de la red... | [
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Recommandation
Avantage
Définissez le nombre maximal d’instances de mise à
l’échelle automatique sur la valeur maximale possible,
qui est de 125 instances. Assurez-vous que le sous-
réseau dédié Application Gateway dispose d’adresses IP
disponibles suffisantes pour prendre en charge
l’ensemble accru d’instances.
Si vos... | [
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une
adresse IP frontale privée. La référence SKU
Standard_v2 ou WAF_v2 peut prendre en
charge jusqu’à 125 instances.
Azure réserve cinq adresses IP dans chaque
sous-réseau pour une utilisation interne.
Azure fournit un ensemble complet de stratégies intégrées liées à App Service et à ses
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Le pare-feu d’applications web doit utiliser le mode spécifié pour Application Gateway
.
Vérifiez que toutes les stratégies WAF pour Application Gateway utilisent le mode
détection ou prévention .
Vous devez activer Azure DDoS Protection
. Activez la protection DDoS pour tous les
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Fonctionnalités Azure Application Gateway
14/04/2025
Azure Application Gateway est un équilibreur de charge du trafic web qui vous permet de
gérer le trafic vers vos applications web.
Application Gateway propose les fonctionnalités suivantes :
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Application Gateway Standard_v2 prend en charge la mise à l’échelle automatique et peut
effectuer des scale-up ou des scale-down en fonction de l’évolution des modèles de charge du
trafic. La mise à l’échelle automatique vous évite aussi d’avoir à choisir une taille de
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de code SQL, les
attaques de script site à site, entre autres. Empêcher ces attaques dans le code d’application
peut se révéler difficile et nécessiter une maintenance rigoureuse, des mises à jour correctives
ainsi que la surveillance au niveau d’un grand nombre de couches de la topologie de
l’application. Un pare-feu ... | [
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applications web. Les passerelles d’application existantes peuvent être facilement converties en
une passerelle d’application avec un pare-feu d’applications web.
Consultez Protection DDoS de l’application pour obtenir des conseils sur l’utilisation d’Azure
WAF avec Application Gateway pour vous protéger contre les att... | [
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est sélectionné si aucun des modèles de chemin
d’accès ne correspond.
Pour plus d’informations, consultez Présentation du routage basé sur le chemin de l’URL.
Avec Application Gateway, vous pouvez configurer le routage en fonction d’un nom d’hôte ou
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écouteurs multisites, et vous configurez les paramètres de port et de protocole de chaque
écouteur.
Les requêtes adressées à http://contoso.com sont acheminées vers ContosoServerPool, les
requêtes adressées à http://fabrikam.com sont acheminées vers FabrikamServerPool, et ainsi
de suite.
De même, deux sous-domaines d... | [
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la configuration de l’application, optimise l’utilisation des ressources et prend en
charge de nouveaux scénarios de redirection, notamment la redirection globale et basée sur le
chemin d’accès. La prise en charge de la redirection Application Gateway n’est pas limitée à la
seule redirection HTTP vers HTTPS. Il s’agit ... | [
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Pour plus d’informations, consultez Vue d’ensemble de la redirection Application Gateway.
La fonctionnalité d’affinité de session basée sur les cookies est utile lorsque vous souhaitez
conserver une session utilisateur sur le même serveur. En utilisant des cookies managés de
passerelle, la passerelle Application Gatewa... | [
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vidage des connexions permet d’éliminer délicatement les membres du pool back-end lors
des mises à jour planifiées de maintenance ou des problèmes rencontrés avec l’état du back-
end. Ce paramètre est activé via le Paramètre back-end et est appliqué à tous les membres du
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Le drainage de connexion est également respecté pour les connexions WebSocket. Le drainage
de connexion est appelé pour chaque mise à jour unique vers la passerelle. Pour éviter la perte
de connexion aux membres existants du pool back-end, veillez à activer le drainage de
connexion.
Pour plus d’informations, consultez ... | [
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basé sur le chemin d’accès, vous pouvez choisir de router les
requêtes vers l’un des pools back-end sur la base du chemin d’accès d’origine ou du chemin
d’accès réécrit, à l’aide de l’option de réévaluation du mappage de chemin.
Cela vous permet également d’ajouter des conditions afin que les en-têtes ou URL spécifiés
... | [
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Application Gateway Standard_v2 peut être configuré dans le cadre de déploiements avec mise
à l’échelle automatique ou de taille fixe. La référence SKU v2 ne propose pas différentes tailles
d’instance. Pour plus d’informations sur les performances et les tarifs de v2, consultez Mise à
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Fonctionnement d’une passerelle
applicative
Article • 01/05/2024
Cet article explique comment une passerelle applicative accepte les requêtes entrantes,
et comment elle les route vers le back-end.
1. Avant qu’un client envoie une requête à une passerelle d’application, il résout le
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Détection, la requête est évaluée et journalisée, mais toujours transférée au serveur
back-end.
Azure Application Gateway peut être utilisé en tant qu’équilibreur de charge
d’application interne ou en tant qu’équilibreur de charge d’application accessible sur
Internet. Une passerelle d’application accessible sur Intern... | [
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l’URL, ou si elles doivent être redirigées vers un autre port ou un site externe.
Quand la passerelle d’application sélectionne le pool de back-ends, elle envoie la
requête à l’un des back-ends sains du pool (y.y.y.y). L’intégrité du serveur est
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Une fois que la passerelle d’application a sélectionné le back-end, elle ouvre une
nouvelle session TCP auprès du back-end en fonction des paramètres HTTP. Les
paramètres HTTP spécifient le protocole, le port et les autres paramètres de routage
nécessaires à l’établissement d’une nouvelle session auprès du back-end.
Le... | [
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FQDN pouvant être résolu
de manière externe, la passerelle d’application route la requête vers le back-
end à l’aide de son adresse IP publique front-end. Si le sous-réseau contient
des points de terminaison de service, la passerelle d’application route la
requête vers le service via son adresse IP privée. La résolutio... | [
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Quand le serveur d’un pool back-end est configuré avec un nom de domaine complet
(FQDN), Application Gateway effectue une recherche DNS pour obtenir les adresses IP
du nom de domaine. La valeur IP est stockée dans le cache de votre passerelle
applicative pour lui permettre d’atteindre les cibles plus rapidement lors du... | [
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le port où la requête a pu joindre la passerelle d’application. L’en-tête X-
original-host contient l’en-tête d’origine de l’hôte avec lequel la requête est arrivée. Cet
en-tête est utile dans l’intégration de sites web Azure, où l’en-tête de l’hôte entrant est
） Important
Lorsque vous utilisez des serveurs DNS personn... | [
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0.0... | {
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modifié avant que le trafic ne soit routé vers le back-end. Si l’option d’affinité de session
est activée, un cookie d’affinité géré par la passerelle est ajouté.
x-appgw-trace-id est un GUID unique généré par une passerelle applicative pour
chaque demande de client et présenté dans la demande transférée au membre du p... | [
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0.... | {
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Composants d’Application Gateway
21/05/2025
Une passerelle d’application représente le seul point de contact des clients. Elle répartit le trafic
d’application entrant sur plusieurs pools de back-ends, notamment des machines virtuelles
Azure, des groupes de machines virtuelles identiques, Azure App Service ainsi que de... | [
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La référence (SKU) Azure Application Gateway V2 peut être configurée pour prendre en charge
à la fois les adresses IP internes statiques et publiques statiques, ou uniquement les adresses IP
publiques statiques. Elle ne peut pas être configurée pour prendre en charge uniquement les
adresses IP internes statiques.
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la passerelle d’application
les route vers les membres du pool de back-ends configuré dans la règle.
Les écouteurs prennent en charge les ports et les protocoles suivants.
Un port est le point d’écoute de la requête du client. Vous pouvez configurer des ports pour les
références SKU v1 et v2 comme indiqué ci-dessous.
R... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "113",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages... |
Référence (SKU)
Plage de ports prise en charge
Exception(s)
V1
1 à 65 502
3389
Application Gateway prend en charge les protocoles web HTTP, HTTPS, HTTP/2 et WebSocket
via son proxy de couche 7. En outre, il prend en charge les protocoles TLS et TCP via son proxy
de couche 4 en préversion, qui peut être configuré sur la... | [
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"source": "114",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages... |
existe deux types d’écouteur :
Protocoles
７ Notes
La prise en charge du protocole HTTP/2 est disponible pour les clients se connectant aux
écouteurs Application Gateway uniquement. La communication avec les pools de serveurs
back-end s’effectue toujours sur HTTP/1.1. Par défaut, la prise en charge du protocole
HTTP/2 e... | [
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"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
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"source": "114",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
De base. Ce type d’écouteur écoute un seul site de domaine, où il a un seul mappage
DNS à l’adresse IP de la passerelle d’application. Cette configuration d’écouteur est
obligatoire quand vous hébergez un seul site derrière une passerelle d’application.
Multisite. Cette configuration d’écouteur est requise lorsque vous... | [
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0.... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "115",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
la manière dont la requête reçue sur l’écouteur doit être routée vers le back-
end. La règle d’acheminement des requêtes contient également le pool principal vers lequel les
acheminer et le paramètre HTTP dans lequel le port principal, le protocole, etc. sont
mentionnés.
Une règle de routage de requête est un composant... | [
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0... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "115",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Basé sur le chemin. Ce type de règle de routage vous permet de router les requêtes de
l’écouteur associé vers un pool de back-ends spécifique, en fonction de l’URL de la
requête. Si le chemin de l’URL d’une requête correspond au modèle de chemin d’une
règle basée sur le chemin, la règle route cette requête. Elle appliq... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "116",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
vous pouvez ajouter, supprimer ou mettre à jour les en-
têtes de requête et de réponse HTTP(S) ainsi que les paramètres du chemin URL et de la chaîne
de requête lorsque les paquets de requête et de réponse se déplacent entre le client et des
pools principaux via la passerelle d’application.
Vous pouvez régler les en-tê... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
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"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Une passerelle d’application route le trafic vers les back-ends (spécifiés dans la règle de
routage de requête incluant les paramètres HTTP) à l’aide du numéro de port, du protocole et
d’autres paramètres détaillés dans ce composant.
Le port et le protocole utilisés dans les paramètres HTTP permettent de déterminer si ... | [
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0.0352833... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "117",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Une passerelle d’application peut communiquer avec des instances extérieures au
réseau virtuel dans lequel elle se trouve. Ainsi, les membres des pools de back-ends peuvent se
trouver sur des clusters, des centres de données ou en dehors d’Azure, à condition qu’il existe
une connectivité IP.
Si vous employez des adress... | [
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0.04... | {
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"source": "117",
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"total_page... |
Vous pouvez créer différents pools de back-ends pour différents types de requête. Par
exemple, créez un pool de back-ends pour les requêtes générales, puis un autre pool de back-
ends pour les requêtes adressées aux microservices de votre application.
Après avoir ajouté des groupes de machines virtuelles identiques en ... | [
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... | {
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"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "118",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Présentation de la configuration
d’Application Gateway
Article • 01/06/2023
Azure Application Gateway comprend plusieurs composants que vous pouvez
configurer de différentes manières pour différents scénarios. Cet article vous montre
comment configurer chacun d’eux.
Cette image illustre une application dotée de trois é... | [
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0... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "119",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
L’infrastructure Application Gateway comprend le réseau virtuel, les sous-réseaux, les
groupes de sécurité réseau et les itinéraires définis par l’utilisateur.
Pour plus d’informations, consultez Configuration de l’infrastructure Application
Gateway.
Vous pouvez configurer la passerelle d’application pour qu’elle ait u... | [
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0.... | {
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"source": "120",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages... |
La passerelle d’application route le trafic vers les serveurs back-end en utilisant la
configuration que vous spécifiez ici. Après avoir créé un paramètre HTTP, vous devez
l’associer à une ou plusieurs règles de routage des demandes.
Pour plus d’informations, consultez Configuration des paramètres HTTP d’Application
Ga... | [
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0.0... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "121",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
d’intégrité
７ Notes
Une fois que vous avez créé une sonde d’intégrité personnalisée, vous avez besoin
de l’associer à un paramètre HTTP de back-end. Une sonde personnalisée ne
supervise pas l’intégrité du pool de back-ends, sauf si le paramètre HTTP
correspondant est explicitement associé à un écouteur à l’aide d’une r... | [
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0.005... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "121",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Créer une passerelle d’application dans le portail Azure
Créer une passerelle d’application à l’aide de PowerShell
Créer une passerelle d’application à l’aide d’Azure CLI | [
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0.0008558351546525955,
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "122",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
Configuration de l’infrastructure Application
Gateway
Article • 20/12/2024
L’infrastructure Azure Application Gateway inclut le réseau virtuel, les sous-réseaux, les groupes de sécurité réseau (NSG) et
les itinéraires définis par l’utilisateur (UDR).
Une passerelle d’application est un déploiement dédié dans votre rése... | [
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... | {
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"contains_sku": true,
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"file_path": "./azure_docs\\Application_Gateway.pdf",
"is_summary": false,
"service_name": "Application Gateway",
"source": "123",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_pages... |
adresses IP. Vous avez besoin de 27 pour les instances Application Gateway, une pour le
front-end privé et 5 pour une utilisation interne.
Application Gateway (référence SKU Standard ou WAF) peut prendre en charge jusqu’à 32 instances (32 adresses IP
d’instance + 1 configuration IP frontale privée + 5 azure réservé). N... | [
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... | {
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"is_summary": false,
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"source": "123",
"source_file": "Application_Gateway.pdf",
"total_page... |
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