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K. Start using namespaces when you need the features they provide.
Namespaces provide a scope for names. Names of resources need to be unique within a namespace, but not across namespaces.d
Kubernetes starts with three initial namespaces:
defaultThe default namespace for objects with no other namespace
kube-systemThe namespace for objects created by the Kubernetes system
kube-publicThis namespace is created automatically and is readable by all users (including those not authenticated). This namespace is mostly reserved for cluster usage, in case that some resources should be visible and readable publicly throughout the whole cluster. The public aspect of this namespace is only a convention, not a requirement..
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Talk:Welcome to the Sugar Labs wiki
This site is a wiki. It can and may be edited by anyone. Please edit responsibly. We hope that people can contribute their knowledge to the site. Sugar labs hopes to expand and explore with the Sugar UI and OS.
Local team portals
On a slow connection, these load very slowly, leaving big empty boxes one has to scroll past to get to the Community New section. Perhaps the portals should moved down in the page? --Walter 09:34, 28 May 2010 (EDT)
- Removed for the reason you offered and lack of positive reception. --FGrose 19:30, 28 May 2010 (EDT)
- I actually liked the idea very much, but maybe we could set something up where we cache smaller images that are periodically updated? --Walter 23:31, 28 May 2010 (EDT)
- Yes, I was afraid that even having them at the bottom of the page would be distracting in the lower-bandwidth case. I also think that, for lack of an announcement to the Local Labs wiki coordinators, they may not have realized that their front page was now on the this front page. I'll copy this section to Bernie and the systems team and, perhaps you can help us identify and forward it to the other wiki coordinators, and then restore the appropriate features as recommended by a fuller collaboration. --FGrose 11:20, 29 May 2010 (EDT)
The latest Sugar on a Stick is called Sugar on a Stick v8 ʻŌhelo ʻai-
Local Labs
Maybe using small icons instead of text would be a better treatment for the Local Labs on the landing page? --Walter 18:32, 10 April 2010 (UTC)
Launchpad vs getsatisfaction
Is it decided to drop getsatisfaction in favor or launchpad entirely? I though we were only using launchpad for SoaS? If we are dropping getstatisfaction, is there a plan to migrate the tickets to launchpad? --Walter 15:13, 11 September 2009 (UTC)
Reflection
What is reflection? It isn't discussed anywhere in this Wiki?--Mokurai 22:37, 21 November 2008 (UTC)
- Nothing too complicated: simply the idea that reflecting upon one's work--asking oneself questions such as what, how, and why, is a valuable part of the learning process. We should back this assertion up with a literature search. --Walter 13:01, 22 November 2008 (UTC)?
- We are happy, that you like our Shikiwiki-theme: You can download it here. --Helga 15:12, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
ParserFunctions needs to be installed
Although the templates for translations have been copied over from laptop.org, they do not work correctly, since they depend on the MediaWiki extension ParserFunctions, which is apparently not installed/enabled for the Sugar Labs wiki. The symptom of this is stuff with {{#if: in the displayed text (e.g. in the translation box on this main welcome page. This needs to be enabled by an administrator, and may even require installing software on the server.
You can see that no extensions have been installed on this MediaWiki instance by looking at Special:Version and comparing it to version at laptop.org. Dupuy 15:22, 9 June 2008 (UTC)
- On my todo list. --Walter 22:50, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
- Should be all set. --Walter 02:37, 11 June 2008 (UTC)
Time to block unregistered page creations?
We are getting multiple spam attacks per day now. --Walter 17:50, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
- I am afraid so. The mediawiki manual at explaines how. dfarning 17:55, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
Write link
The write activity FLOSSmanual link on the front page should go to (the manual) instead of (the editing portal) --Bjordan 16:21, 21 October 2008 (UTC)
Key features Listing
I'm not sure I like the new layout of our key features list, with the icons intermixed with the quips. Maybe we could let the icons float on the right? bernie
- I am not crazy about it either. Perhaps people could experiment in their sandboxes with some alternatives. --Walter 14:10, 8 December 2008 (UTC)
Sugar HDTV
Fedora 10 Sugar-spin with Sugar 0.82-2 GUI on my Hyundai HD Ready TV.--Kozuch 21:21, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
- Is it running on the processor in the TV itself? --Walter 21:28, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
- Hi Walter! It is a low-end LCD TV, it has only a crappy flash card reader... I uploaded some more photos - see my Sugar gallery! However, I want to make Sugar running onAlix.1C board... I will be fiddeling with it very soon - I appreciate any advice! Kozuch 23:43, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
Sugar solutions
Does someone know, whether there are any other applications of Sugar rather than its use in OLPC? So far I read it was only ported to Classmate PC 2, but I did not hear about any solutions that might "compete" with OLPCs mission. Kozuch 00:24, 3 January 2009 (UTC)
Crazed Wiki Editor Feature Request Rampage
- the logo on the wiki should take you to the wiki main page, not sugarlabs.org
- the automatic timeout on logged in users is short, and anons can't edit. this is a BAD combination. I've lost two edits that way, as I have been auto logged out while composing an edit, and didn't notice after saving. Please turn on "edits by anons" for at least the Talk: and User_talk: namespaces. And double or triple the timeoue.
- the black background is very nice. this is a feature preservation request. :-) However, the tabs at the top of each page have extra space at the bottom which should be filled in with gray --> css fix.
+sj + 22:00, 17 May 2009 (UTC)
potential XO purchasers
We should not be advertising any one vendors' products on our home page. --Walter 12:54, 21 June 2009 (UTC)
Dates for news
I think news items in the main page should have a date attached to them -- bernie 16:26, 1 October 2009 (UTC)
Need a "click me" on SOAS Image on welcome page
The fact that the large image of SOAS on the top of the wiki welcome page is clickable is not very obvious. Could a "Click Me" be added to it? satellit 4 October 2009
- This works on mediawikiwiki:Help:Images: [[File:SugarLabs3x.jpg|right|link=Sugar on a Stick|Click me!]], but not yet on our instance:
Perhaps when the software is upgraded, this will begin to work. --FGrose 03:59, 5 November 2009 (UTC)
My Idea
My Math4 related program is actually a game based on a snow ball fight. I have set in stone whether it will be something where you have complete freedom of movement or whether you can only move from one spot to another. The way the later would work is you have the choice of going Back, Forward, Left, or Right (the arrow keys, possible WASD) and once you select on you are shown running to another spot where you can hide behind something and have cover from others (PC) trying to hit you with a snow ball. The Math that will be involved is the Pythagorean Theoreom (Geometry) to determine how far you are from an NPC you may be trying to hit with a snow ball (would be an overhead view); you need to know this because you can only throw a certain distance which is also not set in stone. Additionally the player will need to understand percentages, decimals and factions and an example of this is they may be given a stat: "You have a 50% chance of hitting that player from here." Then they may be given the chance to convert that to a fraction (50% = 0.5 = 1/2) and if they are correct then their chances of hitting the NPC go up, but they need to make sure they are close enough (Pythagorean Theorem) or they will not throw it far enough. Once they decide to throw there will be a side view show yourself and the NPC and you will select the percentage of your total power and the angel at which you would like to throw. There's a lot of room for more math related concepts and possible different modes within this game, but that is may basic idea.
(content moved from the landing page --Walter 20:13, 17 December 2009 (UTC))
I miss the "people" and "download/releases" links on the top of the wiki pages
I know that we are trying to simplify the wiki, but there is a lot of unavailable information since this change. Tom Gilliard (05/29/2010)
- This is a temporary situation while we are switching to the new MediaWiki versions. Our wiki redesign page is Wiki Team/Roadmap/Wiki skin redesign. --FGrose 14:19, 29 May 2010 (EDT)
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Your Account
Brooklyn, New York
Java and XML expert
Areas of Expertise:
Java I/O
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
Second Edition May 2006
Print: $59.99
Ebook: $47.99
Java Network Programming
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
Third Edition October 2004
Print: $39.99
Ebook: $31.99
XML in a Nutshell
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
, W. Scott Means
Third Edition September 2004
Print: $44.99
Ebook: $35.99
XML in a Nutshell
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
, W. Scott Means
Second Edition June 2002
OUT OF PRINT
XML in a Nutshell
by W. Scott Means
, Elliotte Rusty Harold
January 2001
OUT OF PRINT
Java Network Programming
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
Second Edition August 2000
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by Elliotte Rusty Harold
March 1999
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Java Network Programming
by Elliotte Rusty Harold
January 1997
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You need to enable JavaScript to view more than 15 articles by this author.
10 Reasons We Need Java 3.0
Publish Date: Jul. 31, 2002.
RDDL Me This: What Does a Namespace URL Locate?
Publish Date: Feb. 20, 2001
O'Reilly coauthor introduces RDDL
and namespace URIs, with resources and example code depicting an RDDL
document. By Elliotte Rusty Harold, coauthor of O'Reilly's XML in a
Nutshell (January 2001).
For Inquiries Contact
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All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing on oreilly.com are the property of their respective owners.
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asked about something similar some days ago and got an extremly helpful tip!
Include the attribute.i file (Lib folder) and use the %attribute keyword.
---%include "attribute.i"
class Foo{};
%attribute(Foo, int, Val, GetVal, SetVal);---
This will give you a C# property called Val.
See further documentation inside Lib\typemaps\attribute.swg
-Silje
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 2010 15:18:38 +0100
From: tommitytom@...
To: swig-user@...
Subject: [Swig-user] Wrapping C++ methods in to C# properties
Hi there! I've been taking a look around the SWIG docs and couldn't see this feature mentioned anywhere, and was wondering if it was possible!
An example:
class Foo
{public: void SetVal(int val) { m_Val = val; }
int GetVal() const { return m_Val; }
private: int m_Val;};
To generate something like...
public class Foo
{ public int Val { get;
set; }};
I realise this can be done by renaming m_Val to Val and making it public, but obviously this does not allow any logic to go in the setter/getter.
Any insight on this matter would be greatly appreciated :)
Cheers,Tom
------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
_______________________________________________
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Getting a start on figuring some coding things out.
I have been using Notepad++ to go in and re-write or evaluate various video game data and do what I want with it, but I have now been wondering if anyone can explain to me how it does what it does. I have never been taught or shown anything involving C++ or any other form of coding, so I guess I am kinda asking for help in getting started.
It would really mean a lot if I could learn some good basics and get experience in this, look forward to any replies ^^
Maybe I should post this in the help wanted section…?
- Claudia Frank
npp source code is freely available at
Cheers
Claudia
@Claudia-Frank I am unsure how that helps me is the issue ^^;;
I am unsure what the various programs and coding that go into this type of thing. I am currently trying to figure out things that will give me experience in coding, but I am starting from a 0 space of no knowledge on the subject. All I do know is that I have been using Notepad++ to re-write and modify code for games. I am curious as to how things are written to allow it.
I understand there are links upon links that might get me what I need, but I lack the understanding to use it properly. And the last thing I want to do is accidentally re-write something I shouldn’t have ^^;;
- young-developer
@LapsisAngelus , You can start from
Thank you for the directory, but in trying some of the tutorial it has I seem to have hit a wall. Knowing me, I more than likely didn’t save something to the right directory or in the right format, but on the bit for running this code :
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// main() is where program execution begins.
int main() {
cout << “Hello World”; // prints Hello World
return 0;
}
when I run “g++ hello.cpp” as used in the tutorial, I get the Command Prompt message of ‘g++’ is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.
I am unsure where I might have missed a step or did something wrong, but it does not print the “Hello World” message as stated it should in the tutorial. Again, I am not all that proficient in starting things, but I would appreciate the help in trying to figure out how to :)
- Scott Sumner
This is not a C++ coding forum, so such questions are best asked elsewhere. Please confine discussion here to Notepad++ related topics. And before you state that it is relevant here because you are using Notepad++ to create your .cpp file, it is not. Here’s how you can tell: If you can do the same thing that you are tempted to argue is N++ relevant in normal Notepad (true for creating .cpp files), then it fails the relevancy test.
@Scott-Sumner my bad. I am just unsure where I might be able to get a bit of helpful feedback. And no, I would not argue that N++ is what I am using to write this, I am just curious if I ended up installing or failing to install an aspect of something. Either N++ or MinGW. And the MinGW is slightly relevant to the tutorial I was linked to.
- Scott Sumner
No problem…perhaps the tutorial site that @young-developer pointed to has a forum for asking questions, I don’t know. But you should be able to find somewhere on the web where beginning C++ is discussed. The web is a great place…back in my day I had to actually go to school (and pay for it) to learn all that stuff. It isn’t (always) easy, by the way. :-)
@Scott-Sumner I never expect things to be easy. I have used N++ to re write the data for things like The Witcher 3 and Transistor and Bastion, most of which took around 1 - 3 days. What I do expect is when someone goes through the process of making tutorials that go step by step, that they do it without vague lines such as “save it” then “use command prompt to run it from where you saved it using ‘g++’” only to have ‘g++’ not be a legit command. And no thing saying “just in case this doesn’t work, try this or this” to fall back on is rather disheartening when it comes to learning solo.
I wish I could get a teacher for this stuff, but due to past issues with colleges I doubt I would be able to in my current (jobless) position.
- Claudia Frank
there are many youtube videos available explaining programming languages like
c/c++ …
This will give you a good starting point. They explain what needs to be done first to
setup your environment and how to move forward.
Cheers
Claudia
- Andrew James
Hi there,
You can go through on different c++ related tutorial websites and as Claudia Frank said, there are many youtube videos available explaining language like c / c++.
I am listing few of links related C++ tutorials.
1-
2-
3-
4-
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https://notepad-plus-plus.org/community/topic/13079/getting-a-start-on-figuring-some-coding-things-out
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Abstract().
Review
I've collected enough feedback to last me a lifetime, so I declare the review period officially OVER. I had Chinese food today; my fortune cookie said "Strong and bitter words indicate a weak cause." It reminded me of some of the posts against this PEP... :-) Anyway, here are my BDFL pronouncements. (Executive summary: I'm not changing a thing; all variants are rejected.) 1) Should this PEP be accepted? => Yes. There have been many arguments against the PEP. Many of them were based on misunderstandings. I've tried to clarify some of the most common misunderstandings below in the main text of the PEP. The only issue that weighs at all for me is the tendency of newbies to write "if x == True" where "if x" would suffice. More about that below too. I think this is not a sufficient reason to reject the PEP. 2) Should str(True) return "True" or "1"? "1" might reduce backwards compatibility problems, but looks strange. (repr(True) would always return "True".) => "True". Almost all reviewers agree with this. 3) Should the constants be called 'True' and 'False' (similar to None) or 'true' and 'false' (as in C++, Java and C99)? => True and False. Most reviewers agree that consistency within Python is more important than consistency with other languages. 4) Should we strive to eliminate non-Boolean operations on bools in the future, through suitable warnings, so that for example True+1 would eventually (in Python 3000) be illegal? => No. There's a small but vocal minority that would prefer to see "textbook" bools that don't support arithmetic operations at all, but most reviewers agree with me that bools should always allow arithmetic operations. 5) Should operator.truth(x) return an int or a bool? => bool. Tim Peters believes it should return an int, but almost all other reviewers agree that it should return a bool. My rationale: operator.truth() exists to force a Boolean context on its argument (it calls the C API PyObject_IsTrue()). Whether the outcome is reported as int or bool is secondary; if bool exists there's no reason not to use it. (Under the PEP, operator.truth() now becomes an alias for bool(); that's fine.) 6) Should bool inherit from int? => Yes. In an ideal world, bool might be better implemented as a separate integer type that knows how to perform mixed-mode arithmetic. However, inheriting bool from int eases the implementation enormously (in part since all C code that calls PyInt_Check() will continue to work -- this returns true for subclasses of int). Also, I believe this is right in terms of substitutability: code that requires an int can be fed a bool and it will behave the same as 0 or 1. Code that requires a bool may not work when it is given an int; for example, 3 & 4 is 0, but both 3 and 4 are true when considered as truth values. 7) Should the name 'bool' be changed? => No. Some reviewers have argued for boolean instead of bool, because this would be easier to understand (novices may have heard of Boolean algebra but may not make the connection with bool) or because they hate abbreviations. My take: Python uses abbreviations judiciously (like 'def', 'int', 'dict') and I don't think these are a burden to understanding. To a newbie, it doesn't matter whether it's called a waffle or a bool; it's a new word, and they learn quickly what it means. One reviewer has argued to make the name 'truth'. I find this an unattractive name, and would actually prefer to reserve this term (in documentation) for the more abstract concept of truth values that already exists in Python. For example: "when a container is interpreted as a truth value, an empty container is considered false and a non-empty one is considered true." 8) Should we strive to require that Boolean operations (like "if", "and", "not") have a bool as an argument in the future, so that for example "if []:" would become illegal and would have to be writen as "if bool([]):" ??? => No!!! Some people believe that this is how a language with a textbook Boolean type should behave. Because it was brought up, others have worried that I might agree with this position. Let me make my position on this quite clear. This is not part of the PEP's motivation and I don't intend to make this change. (See also the section "Clarification" below.)
Rationale
Most languages eventually grow a Boolean type; even C99 (the new and improved C standard, not yet widely adopted) has one. Many programmers apparently feel the need for a Boolean type; most Python documentation contains a bit of an apology for the absence of a Boolean type. I've seen lots of modules that defined constants "False=0" and "True=1" (or similar) at the top and used those. The problem with this is that everybody does it differently. For example, should you use "FALSE", "false", "False", "F" or even "f"? And should false be the value zero or None, or perhaps a truth value of a different type that will print as "true" or "false"?. This also applies to Jython: some Java classes have separately overloaded methods or constructors for int and boolean arguments. The bool type can be used to select the boolean variant. (The same is apparently the case for some COM interfaces.) The standard bool type can also serve as a way to force a value to be interpreted as a Boolean, which can be used to normalize Boolean values. When a Boolean value needs to be normalized to one of two values, bool(x) is much clearer than "not not x" and much more concise than if x: return 1 else: return 0 Here are some arguments derived from teaching Python. When showing people comparison operators etc. in the interactive shell, I think this is a bit ugly: >>> a = 13 >>> b = 12 >>> a > b 1 >>> If this was: >>> a > b True >>> it would require a millisecond less thinking each time a 0 or 1 was printed. There's also the issue (which I've seen baffling even experienced Pythonistas who had been away from the language for a while) that if you see: >>> cmp(a, b) 1 >>> cmp(a, a) 0 >>> you might be tempted to believe that cmp() also returned a truth value, whereas in reality it can return three different values (-1, 0, 1). If ints were not (normally) used to represent Booleans results, this would stand out much more clearly as something completely different.
Specification
The following Python code specifies most of the properties of the new type: class bool(int): def __new__(cls, val=0): # This constructor always returns an existing instance if val: return True else: return False def __repr__(self): if self: return "True" else: return "False" __str__ = __repr__ def __and__(self, other): if isinstance(other, bool): return bool(int(self) & int(other)) else: return int.__and__(self, other) __rand__ = __and__ def __or__(self, other): if isinstance(other, bool): return bool(int(self) | int(other)) else: return int.__or__(self, other) __ror__ = __or__ def __xor__(self, other): if isinstance(other, bool): return bool(int(self) ^ int(other)) else: return int.__xor__(self, other) __rxor__ = __xor__ # Bootstrap truth values through sheer willpower False = int.__new__(bool, 0) True = int.__new__(bool, 1) The values False and True will be singletons, like None. Because the type has two values, perhaps these should be called "doubletons"? The real implementation will not allow other instances of bool to be created. True and False will properly round-trip through pickling and marshalling; for example pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(True)) will return True, and so will marshal.loads(marshal.dumps(True)). All built-in operations that are defined to return a Boolean result will be changed to return False or True instead of 0 or 1. In particular, this affects comparisons (<, <=, ==, !=, >, >=, is, is not, in, not in), the unary operator 'not', the built-in functions callable(), hasattr(), isinstance() and issubclass(), the dict method has_key(), the string and unicode methods endswith(), isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(), islower(), isspace(), istitle(), isupper(), and startswith(), the unicode methods isdecimal() and isnumeric(), and the 'closed' attribute of file objects. The predicates in the operator module are also changed to return a bool, including operator.truth(). Because bool inherits from int, True+1 is valid and equals 2, and so on. This is important for backwards compatibility: because comparisons and so on currently return integer values, there's no way of telling what uses existing applications make of these values. It is expected that over time, the standard library will be updated to use False and True when appropriate (but not to require a bool argument type where previous an int was allowed). This change should not pose additional problems and is not specified in detail by this PEP.
C API
The header file "boolobject.h" defines the C API for the bool type. It is included by "Python.h" so there is no need to include it directly. The existing names Py_False and Py_True reference the unique bool objects False and True (previously these referenced static int objects with values 0 and 1, which were not unique amongst int values). A new API, PyObject *PyBool_FromLong(long), takes a C long int argument and returns a new reference to either Py_False (when the argument is zero) or Py_True (when it is nonzero). To check whether an object is a bool, the macro PyBool_Check() can be used. The type of bool instances is PyBoolObject *. The bool type object is available as PyBool_Type.
Clarification
This PEP does *not* change the fact that almost all object types can be used as truth values. For example, when used in an if statement, an empty list is false and a non-empty one is true; this does not change and there is no plan to ever change this. The only thing that changes is the preferred values to represent truth values when returned or assigned explicitly. Previously, these preferred truth values were 0 and 1; the PEP changes the preferred values to False and True, and changes built-in operations to return these preferred values.
Compatibility
Because of backwards compatibility, the bool type lacks many properties that some would like to see. For example, arithmetic operations with one or two bool arguments is allowed, treating False as 0 and True as 1. Also, a bool may be used as a sequence index. I don't see this as a problem, and I don't want evolve the language in this direction either. I don't believe that a stricter interpretation of "Booleanness" makes the language any clearer. Another consequence of the compatibility requirement is that the expression "True and 6" has the value 6, and similarly the expression "False or None" has the value None. The "and" and "or" operators are usefully defined to return the first argument that determines the outcome, and this won't change; in particular, they don't force the outcome to be a bool. Of course, if both arguments are bools, the outcome is always a bool. It can also easily be coerced into being a bool by writing for example "bool(x and y)".
Resolved Issues
(See also the Review section above.) - Because the repr() or str() of a bool value is different from an int value, some code (for example doctest-based unit tests, and possibly database code that relies on things like "%s" % truth) may fail. It is easy to work around this (without explicitly referencing the bool type), and it is expected that this only affects a very small amount of code that can easily be fixed. - Other languages (C99, C++, Java) name the constants "false" and "true", in all lowercase. For Python, I prefer to stick with the example set by the existing built-in constants, which all use CapitalizedWords: None, Ellipsis, NotImplemented (as well as all built-in exceptions). Python's built-in namespace uses all lowercase for functions and types only. - It has been suggested that, in order to satisfy user expectations, for every x that is considered true in a Boolean context, the expression x == True should be true, and likewise if x is considered false, x == False should be true. In particular newbies who have only just learned about Boolean variables are likely to write if x == True: ... instead of the correct form, if x: ... There seem to be strong psychological and linguistic reasons why many people are at first uncomfortable with the latter form, but I believe that the solution should be in education rather than in crippling the language. After all, == is general seen as a transitive operator, meaning that from a==b and b==c we can deduce a==c. But if any comparison to True were to report equality when the other operand was a true value of any type, atrocities like 6==True==7 would hold true, from which one could infer the falsehood 6==7. That's unacceptable. (In addition, it would break backwards compatibility. But even if it didn't, I'd still be against this, for the stated reasons.) Newbies should also be reminded that there's never a reason to write if bool(x): ... since the bool is implicit in the "if". Explicit is *not* better than implicit here, since the added verbiage impairs redability and there's no other interpretation possible. There is, however, sometimes a reason to write b = bool(x) This is useful when it is unattractive to keep a reference to an arbitrary object x, or when normalization is required for some other reason. It is also sometimes appropriate to write i = int(bool(x)) which converts the bool to an int with the value 0 or 1. This conveys the intention to henceforth use the value as an int.
Implementation
A complete implementation in C has been uploaded to the SourceForge patch manager: This will soon be checked into CVS for python 2.3a0.
This document has been placed in the public domain.
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One use 2 techniques. One is adding the logic to the children of
Link. The other technique is to use Link inside another component which we can build to take care of this logic.
Let’s start with the first which is the simplest:
import React from 'react' import Link from 'next/link' import { useRouter } from 'next/router' const menu = [ { title: 'Home', path: '/home' }, { title: 'Explore', path: '/explore' }, { title: 'Notifications', path: '/notifications' }, ] const Sidebar = () => { const router = useRouter() return ( <div> {menu.map((item, index) => { return ( <Link key={index} href={item.path}> <a className={`cursor-pointer ${ router.pathname === item.path ? 'text-blue-500' : 'hover:bg-gray-900 hover:text-blue-500' }`} > {item.title} </a> </Link> ) })} </div> ) } export default Sidebar
I’d recommend this as it’s the simplest thing you can do.
Another techinque is to create our own Link component, and we store it in a file
MyLink.js in the
/components folder, and import that instead of the default
next/link.
Inside the component we determine if the current path name matches the
href prop of the component, and if so we append the
text-blue-500 class to the children.
You can use your own classes, of course. This is a Tailwind class to make the text blue.
Finally we return this children with the updated class, using
React.cloneElement():
import React from 'react' import Link from 'next/link' import { useRouter } from 'next/router' const MyLink = ({ href, children }) => { const router = useRouter() let className = children.props.className || '' if (router.pathname === href) { className = `${className} text-blue-500` } return <Link href={href}>{React.cloneElement(children, { className })}</Link> } export default MyLink
We can now use this
MyLink component in the other components:
import MyLink from 'components/MyLink' ... <MyLink href={'blog'} > <a>Blog</a> </MyLink> <MyLink href={'about'} > <a>About</a> </MyLink>
In this case the “user” code is simpler, compared to the first technique, as you moved the logic inside
MyLink.
Download my free Next.js Handbook!
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https://flaviocopes.com/nextjs-active-link/
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A reporter printing optimization result on screen. More...
#include <Reporter.hpp>
A reporter printing optimization result on screen.
A reporter system prints optimization results on screen which are gotten from cheif system.
Of course, the optimizatino results came from the Chief system are came from Master systems and even the Master systems also got those optimization results from those own Slave systems.
The ReportSystem class is built for be helpful for users to comprehend using chain of responsibility pattern in network level.
Definition at line 43 of file Reporter.hpp.
Default Constructor.
Definition at line 56 of file Reporter.hpp.
Print TSP result on screen.
Definition at line 91 of file Reporter.hpp.
Print Packer result on screen.
Definition at line 107 of file Reporter.hpp.
Main function.
Definition at line 125 of file Reporter.hpp.
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http://samchon.github.io/framework/api/cpp/d1/d4a/classsamchon_1_1example_1_1interaction_1_1Reporter.html
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Haha, I too made a mod spotlight for it:
I think your mod's pretty cool, I've always wanted to be able to undye things
-
- TacoClone
- Registered Member
- Member for 10 years, 9 months, and 25 days
Last active Thu, Apr, 3 2014 09:23:44
- 0 Followers
- 102 Total Posts
- 1 Thank
- Jul 12, 2013TacoClone posted a message on [DISCONTINUED] [1.6.2] Skorpio's WashingMachine ModPosted in: Minecraft Mods
0TacoClone posted a message on 1.7.10 | Rainbow Liquids Mod(v1.3) Reborn! With Spectra Crystals!
Hey, I made a mod spotlight of your mod. It's really cool, keep up the work! I'm excited to see how your mod grows.
0TacoClone posted a message on [Discontinued][FORGE] Mountain GeneratorI can't imagine how you'd program an undo, but if it's even possible that would be impressive, lol.Posted in: Minecraft Mods
All I know is that I'm thinking about using the mod to set up mountains for an adventure map, seems super useful.
0TacoClone posted a message on [Discontinued][FORGE] Mountain GeneratorSorry to jump on the bandwagon, but I hadn't noticed that someone had already done a video.Posted in: Minecraft Mods
Anywho, here's mine, lol. And yes, feel free to put it in your top post (if you want):
0TacoClone posted a message on [1.4.7-1.4.5] SquidageddonHey, sorry for not catching that you saw my review. Glad you liked it!Posted in: Minecraft Mods
EDIT: Sorry, this is Taco, the guy in charge of the Happy Potato Productions channel, lol
0TacoClone posted a message on [5.WHATEVER] HappyPotatoServer (Looking for Older Players!)I would like to thank everyone for applying. Just want to remind everyone that we're being very selective, so not everyone gets on the server. We're going to wait until the end of the month before seeing if anyone else can get on the server, sorry to make you wait!Posted in: PC Servers
0TacoClone posted a message on [5.WHATEVER] HappyPotatoServer (Looking for Older Players!)Posted in: PC Servers
We're looking to add a couple of experienced players to play on the server with us. This server if featured by HappyPotatoProductions, a rising youtube channel, and we would love to get a few more good builders and creative players to help us out!
What we're looking for: Players who can build good-looking creations (on a survival server) and who have ambition to create large, interesting, or otherwise unique projects on the server. We're also looking for people who are willing to stand in for short films created using minecraft, but this is option. Sometimes it does help just to have people who are available during normal hours of the day to stand in and help with creating these films.
Our youtube channel:
Here are some screenshots of our current server, which has recently been started over:
We make several videos on the server a week (usually) and often do a skit-type video one-to-two times a month. If you want to participate in the voice chat for the videos, you must have a decent mic. Other than that, you're welcome to build and show stuff off (and allow us to show them in videos)
Anyways, in order to apply for the server, comment with your minecraft username, your age, and some examples of your work (videos are awesome if you have them!)
We're trying to put together a great server full of interesting people and interesting creations.
0TacoClone posted a message on Sonic Ether's Unbelievable Shaders [compatible with Minecraft 1.12.2 via OptiFine]Posted in: Minecraft Mods
Starting installation Unpacking JAR Fatal error! java.util.zip.ZipException: error in opening zip file at java.util.zip.ZipFile.open(Native Method) at java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:127) at java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:143) at daxnitro.nitrous.FileUtility.unzipFile(FileUtility.java:41) at daxnitro.nitrous.InstallThread.unpackJAR(InstallThread.java:88) at daxnitro.nitrous.InstallThread.run(InstallThread.java:39)
I'm sure someone's already posted this, but I haven't found it yet. I'm not quite sure why it's having trouble with even opening my .jar file. Any help/advice would be much appreciated.
0TacoClone posted a message on Life Without TechneTurns out I'm not as good a programmer as I thought, lol. I guess I'll have to use my PC laptop (which was super cheap and thus a piece of crap) and see if I can get techne on that. Thanks for trying to help me though, lol. I just don't know how to use OpenGL stuff. Also, the advice for tail stuff kind of worked. I might have to mess with it because right now it wiggles the tail side to side, which isn't really the motion I wanted, but it's livable if that's the only motion I get out of it, lol.Posted in: Modification Development
As for image editing, I use a program called seashore. It's kind of like GIMP but not as good. The texture was just done real quick so I could work on the model, but I don't think seashore has a tool like you described, so I'll definitely try out GIMP again.
0TacoClone posted a message on Life Without TechneHey there, I'm looking for some advice/links/telling me I'm dumb and that I'm going to have to use Techne/whatever with a mod I'm working on. Basically, I'm starting to add custom creatures. I've started off with a beaver, but I soon found that it seems like Techne is the only modeler-thing out there that works now-a-days. I was hoping to see if anybody knew of any other program that I can use on my Mac to create mobs. If not, does anyone know of a guide somewhere that shows what the different things mean and what to write for doing it just via coding (without using a modeler)?Posted in: Modification Development
I'm also interested in custom movement/behaviors. I'll post a picture of what my beaver looks like currently and my code for it and go from there.
Sidenote: I am using ModLoader for this mod.
The white square in front of his face is supposed to be his teeth. They're relatively in the correct location (through trial and error, this took way too much time, lol), but I don't know what to put in the code to 'bind' the teeth to the nose/mouth area. If it's not obvious, I'm working off the pig model here. Basically, I want the teeth to move with the head the same way the nose/mouth does.
Secondly there's the tail. It's in a decent spot, but I want it to be able to wag or move up and down randomly or when it moves, etc. Any helpful advice would be awesome.
My code for this is below. I'll leave out what I have in my main mod class since it's really just the code that spawns the beaver into the world.
EntityBeaver.java
package net.minecraft.src; public class EntityBeaver extends EntityAnimal { public EntityBeaver(World world) { super(world); texture = "HPImages/beaver.png"; setSize(0.9F, 0.9F); } public int getMaxHealth() { return 10; } null; } protected String getHurtSound() { return null; } protected String getDeathSound() { return null; } protected float getSoundVolume() { return 0.4F; } protected int getDropItemId() { return Item.silk.shiftedIndex; } protected EntityAnimal spawnBabyAnimal(EntityAnimal entityanimal) { return new EntityBeaver(worldObj); } }
ModelBeaver.java
package net.minecraft.src; import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11; public class ModelBeaver extends ModelQuadruped { public ModelRenderer tail; public ModelRenderer teeth; public ModelBeaver() { //addBox(x, y, z, etc) this(0.0F); tail = new ModelRenderer(this, 25, 1); tail.addBox(-21F, 14F, -3F, 13, 1, 6); tail.rotateAngleY = 1.5707963267948966F; teeth = new ModelRenderer(this, 17, 20); teeth.addBox(0F, 14F, -15F, 2, 2, 0); } public ModelBeaver(float f) { super(6, f); head.setTextureOffset(16, 16).addBox(-2F, 0.0F, -9F, 4, 3, 1, f); field_40331_g = 4F; } public void render(Entity entity, float f, float f1, float f2, float f3, float f4, float f5) { setRotationAngles(f, f1, f2, f3, f4, f5); if (field_40301_k) { float f6 = 2.0F; GL11.glPushMatrix(); GL11.glTranslatef(0.0F, field_40331_g * f5, field_40332_n * f5); head.render(f5); teeth.render(f5); GL11.glPopMatrix(); GL11.glPushMatrix(); GL11.glScalef(1.0F / f6, 1.0F / f6, 1.0F / f6); GL11.glTranslatef(0.0F, 24F * f5, 0.0F); body.render(f5); leg1.render(f5); leg2.render(f5); leg3.render(f5); leg4.render(f5); GL11.glPopMatrix(); } else { head.render(f5); body.render(f5); leg1.render(f5); leg2.render(f5); leg3.render(f5); leg4.render(f5); tail.render(f5); teeth.render(f5); } } }
RenderBeaver.java
package net.minecraft.src; public class RenderBeaver extends RenderLiving { public RenderBeaver(ModelBase modelbase, float f) { super(modelbase, f); } public void func_177_a(EntityBeaver entityBeaver, double d, double d1, double d2, float f, float f1) { super.doRenderLiving(entityBeaver, d, d1, d2, f, f1); } public void doRenderLiving(EntityLiving entityliving, double d, double d1, double d2, float f, float f1) { func_177_a((EntityBeaver)entityliving, d, d1, d2, f, f1); } public void doRender(Entity entity, double d, double d1, double d2, float f, float f1) { func_177_a((EntityBeaver)entity, d, d1, d2, f, f1); } }
Thanks in advance for any help you guys might be able to give me. I'm feeling a little frustrated and like I'm hitting a bit of a wall here since I'm having trouble finding a decent resource for teaching about modeling custom mobs that doesn't either use something outdate or use Techne (which has no Mac version (yet)).
0TacoClone posted a message on Zombies breaking doors doesn't make the game any more difficultI.Posted in: 1.1 Update Discussion
0TacoClone posted a message on Looking For: Mods That Add Content UndergroundI'm setting up some mods for a let's play, and what I have so far adds to the surface, but I don't really have anything new going on underground. I don't want to add just simple ores that are basically different version of the ores that already exist, but different/unique things (like an ore that is used for a specific purpose, not just to make armor and tools). I'm also interested in anything that adds mobs that only spawn at lower depths, interesting things.Posted in: Requests / Ideas For Mods
Any help in this search would be nice! And, of course, it would be helpful if they were for 1.1, lol.
What I've found so far:
UraniumMod by Book
0TacoClone posted a message on One problem with the ocelots/cats.It only takes like five minutes once you find one (and either I was lucky or they're not that rare). I dunno, I've thoroughly enjoyed ocelots (minus not knowing what they'll do once they're fully coded, lol)Posted in: 1.1 Update Discussion
1TacoClone posted a message on Coders needed for Minecraft "conversion"Count me as semi-interested. I'm an amateur modder (just started yesterday, lol), but I'm a senior Comp Sci major so I think I'm getting the hang of it (I've got tacos, potato plants, and fries in a matter of hours, lol). I'm willing to throw my hat in the ring for a little bit of it at least. I guess just let me know what you want started on most, I'll let you know what I'm comfortable with, but I will admit that this probably won't be one of my top priorities. Let me know, thoughPosted in: Modification Development
0TacoClone posted a message on [TUT] Custom Crops Tutorial (MC 1.1.0, MCP & ModLoader) UPDATED 02/23/2012Posted in: Tutorials
It doesnt really work for me, it sez it has an error with the
cropStrawberry1 = ModLoader.addOverride("/terrain.png, /veggies/strawberry/crop1.png");
It wants me to change that to
cropStrawberry1 = ModLoader.addOverride("/terrain.png, /veggies/strawberry/crop1.png", null);
And Minecraft doesnt start up when i have it like this :sad.gif: (No errors while recompiling, minecraft just doesnt work0
public static int newCrop1 = ModLoader.addOverride("/terrain.png", "/newCrop1.png");
If you look at the code, you've got two different parts put into the same quote. Your thing should be:
ModLoader.addOverride("/terrain.png", "/veggies/strawberry/crop1.png")
Now, I have a question. Where exactly do I need to put an image that I'm referencing? Do I put it in the minecraft.jar file or where? Any help would be greatly appreciated!
- To post a comment, please login.
- Aug 6, 2011TacoClone posted a message on Bethesda, Mojang & "Scrolls"@lgxiiPosted in: News
You're right, no body listens, lol.
I'll just sit and wait to reserve my copy of Scrolls V: Skyedge
- Aug 6, 2011TacoClone posted a message on Bethesda, Mojang & "Scrolls"I'm just saying, what happens in a decade when Mojang is a huge company?Posted in: News
They release 'Scrolls IV: Armaggedon'
I'm just saying, in their sequels Scrolls could quite easily sound like the games in the Elder Scrolls series. (See 'Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion')
It's more of a 'this company will be releasing games with similar titles and trick people into buying them', which won't necessarily cost Bethesda that much (considering most people will just then go spend money on the correct game), but it does mean that using the title Mojang could trick people into buying games (completely unintention, I'm sure, but it could happen).
I'm just saying, everybody chill out.
- To post a comment, please login.
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write a double-word to an 80x86 hardware port
#include <conio.h> unsigned long outpd( int port, unsigned long value );
The outpd() function writes a double word (four bytes), determined by value, to the 80x86 hardware port whose number is given by port.
A hardware port is used to communicate with a device. One, two or four bytes can be read and/or written from each port, depending upon the hardware. Consult the technical documentation for your computer to determine the port numbers for a device and the expected usage of each port for a device.
The value transmitted.
#include <conio.h> #define DEVICE 34 void main() { outpd( DEVICE, 0x12345678 ); }
Intel
When you use the outpd() function, your program must be linked for privity level 1, and the process must be run by the superuser (root) or by a setuid program owned by the superuser. For more information on privity, see
inp(), inpd(), inpw(), outp(), outpw()
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https://users.pja.edu.pl/~jms/qnx/help/watcom/clibref/src/outpd.html
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Special thanks to coltoneakins for answering this on stack.
You did not use Pyinstaller properly when you had built your stand-alone program. Here is a short, layman's description of how Pyinstaller works: Pyinstaller bundles the Python interpreter, necessary DLLs (for Windows), your project's source code, and all the modules it can find into a folder or self-extracting executable. Pyinstaller does not include modules or files it cannot find in the final .exe (Windows), .app (macOS), folder, etc. that results when you run Pyinstaller.
So, here is what happened:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/_MEIbxALM3/scrapy/VERSION'
You ran your frozen/stand-alone program. As soon as you did this,
your program was 'extracted' to a new, temporary folder on your computer
/temp/_MEIbxALM3/. This folder contains the Python
interpreter, your program's source code, and the modules Pyinstaller
managed to find (plus a couple other necessary files).
The Scrapy module is more than just a module. It is an entire framework. It has its own plain text files (besides Python files) that it uses. And, it imports a lot of modules itself.
The Scrapy framework especially does not get along with Pyinstaller because it uses many methods to import modules that Pyinstaller cannot 'see'. Also, Pyinstaller basically makes no attempt to include files in the final build that are not .py files unless you tell it to.
So, what really happened?
The text file 'VERSION' that exists in the 'normal' scrapy module on
your computer (that you had installed with pip or pipenv) was not
included in the copycat scrapy module in the build of your program.
Scrapy needs this file; Python is giving you the
FileNotFoundError because it simply was never included. So, you have to include the file in the build of your program with Pyinstaller.
How do you tell Pyinstaller where to find modules and files?
This guy
says to just copy the missing files from where they are installed on
your computer into your build folder spit out from Pyinstaller. This
does work. But, there is a better way and Pyinstaller can do more of the
work for you (preventing further
ImportErrors and
FileNotFoundErrors you may get). See below:
build.spec Files are Your Friend
spec files are just Python files that Pyinstaller uses
like a configuration file to tell it how to build your program. Read
more about them here. Below is an example of a real
build.spec file I used recently to build a Scrapy program with a GUI for Windows (my project's name is B.O.T. Bot):(['botbotgui.py'], pathex=['C:\\Users\\Colton\\.virtualenvs\\bot-bot-JBkeVQQB\\Scripts', 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Windows Kits\\10\\Redist\\ucrt\\DLLs\\x86'], hiddenimports=['botbot.spiders.spider'], hookspath=['.\\hooks\\'], runtime_hooks=None, datas=[('.\\spiders\\','.\\spiders\\'), ('.\\settings.py','.'), ('.\\scrapy.cfg','.'), ('.\\items.py','.'), ('.\\itemloaders.py','.'), ('.\\middlewares.py','.'), ('.\\pipelines.py','.') ] ) pyz = PYZ(a.pure) options = [('u', None, 'OPTION'), ('u', None, 'OPTION'), ('u', None, 'OPTION')] exe = EXE(pyz, a.scripts, a.binaries, a.zipfiles, a.datas, options, gooey_languages, # Add them in to collected files gooey_images, # Same here. name='BOT_Bot_GUI', debug=False, strip=None, upx=True, console=False, windowed=True, icon=os.path.join(gooey_root, 'images', 'program_icon.ico')) #coll = COLLECT(exe, #a.binaries, #a.zipfiles, #a.datas, #options, #gooey_languages, # Add them in to collected files #gooey_images, # Same here. #name='BOT_Bot_GUI', #debug=False, #strip=False, #upx=True, #console=False, #windowed=True, #icon=os.path.join(gooey_root, 'images', 'program_icon.ico'))
Uncomment the last region if you want to build a folder instead of a stand-alone
.exe.
This is a configuration file specific to my computer and project
structure. So in your file, you would have to change a few things (for
example
pathex to tell Pyinstaller where to find DLLs on Windows 10. But, the premise is the same.
My project directory looks like this:
botbotgui.py botbot.py hooks images __init__.py itemloaders.py items.py middlewares.py pipelines.py __pycache__ scrapy.cfg settings.py spiders
Pay special attention to the
hooks/ directory. Using hooks will save you from a lot of headaches down the road. Read more about Pyinstaller's hooks feature here. In the
hooks/ directory there is a hook file for Scrapy. This will tell Pyinstaller to include many modules and files it would have otherwise missed if you did not use a
.spec file. This is the most important thing I have wrote here so far. If you do not do this step, you will keep getting
ImportErrors every time you try to run a Scrapy program built using Pyinstaller. Scrapy imports MANY modules that Pyinstaller misses.
hook-scrapy.py (Note: Your hook file must be named just like this.):
from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules, collect_data_files # This collects all dynamically imported scrapy modules and data files. hiddenimports = (collect_submodules('scrapy') + collect_submodules('scrapy.pipelines') + collect_submodules('scrapy.extensions') + collect_submodules('scrapy.utils') ) datas = collect_data_files('scrapy')
After you finished writing a proper
build.spec file, all you need to do is run Pyinstaller like this in your shell prompt:
pyinstaller build.spec
Pyinstaller should then spit out a proper build of your program that should work. Problem solved.
la_vie
I have been stuck for few days in the problem of converting my scrapy project into .exe file with Pyinstaller...
Anyone got ideas on this???
Thanks,
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Inter Process Communication. Pipes/FIFO/Message Queues Semaphores Shared Memory. Why do processes communicate?. To share resources Client/server paradigms Inherently distributed applications Reusable software components etc. Types of IPC. Message.
Pipes/FIFO/Message Queues
Semaphores
Shared Memory
Message Passing
Pipes, FIFOs, and Message Queues
Synchronization
Mutexes, condition variables, read-write locks, file and record locks, and semaphores
Shared memory
Remote Procedure Calls
Solaris doors and Sun RPC
Each process has a private address space. Normally, no process can write to another process’s space. How to get important data from process A to process B?
Message passing between different processes running on the same operating system is IPC
Synchronization is required in case of IPC through shared memory or file system
Pipes are the oldest form of UNIX System IPC and are provided by all UNIX systems
Most commonly used form of IPC
Historically, they have been half duplex (i.e., data flows in only one direction).
Because they don’t have names, pipes can be used only between processes that have a common ancestor.
Normally, a pipe is created by a process, that process calls fork, and the pipe is used between the parent and the child.
Parent process, p1
Child process, p2
Info to be
shared
Info copy
int p[2];
pipe(p);
write(p[1], “hello”, size);
….
read(p[0], inbuf, size);
….
pipe for p1 and p2
olleh
write function
read function
FIFO buffer
size = 4096 characters
stdout
#include <unistd.h>
int dup(int filedes);
int dup2(int filedes, int filedes2); Both return: new file descriptor if OK, 1 on error
The new file descriptor returned by dup is guaranteed to be the lowest-numbered available file descriptor.
With dup2, we specify the value of the new descriptor with the filedes2 argument. If filedes2 is already open, it is first closed. If filedes equals filedes2, then dup2 returns filedes2 without closing it.
When two unrelated processes use some type of IPC to exchange information, the IPC object must have a name or identifier of some form
The set of possible names for a given type of IPC is called its name space
FIFOs have pathname in the file system as identifier
Once a FIFO is created, it should be opened either for reading or writing
wfd=open("fifo1",O_WRONLY); or
FILE *fp = fopen(“fifo1”, “w”);
FIFO can’t be opened both for reading and writing at the same time
Unlike pipe, FIFO is not deleted as soon as all the processes referring to it exit. It has to be explicitly deleted from system.
unlink(“fifo1”)
Swap these two calls and see
A descriptor can be set non-blocking in one of the two ways
Or
If data size is less than or equal to PIPE_BUF, the write is atomic i.e. either all the data is written or no data written
If there is no room in the pipe for the requested data (<PIPE_BUF), by default it blocks.
If O_NONBLOCK option is set, EAGAIN error is returned
If data is >PIPE_BUF and O_NONBLOCK option is set, even if 1 byte space is available in the pipe, it will write that much data and return
Atomicity is not guaranteed
A message queue is a linked list of messages stored within the kernel and identified by a message queue identifier
Any process with adequate privileges can place the message into the queue and any process with adequate privileges can read from queue
There is no requirement that some process must be waiting to receive message before sending the message
Every message queue has following structure in kernel */ . . . };
Permission Bit
user-read 0400
user-write (alter) 0200
group-read 0040
group-write (alter) 0020
other-read 0004
other-write (alter) 0002
Firstmsgget is used to either open an existing queue or create a new queue
#include <sys/msg.h>
int msgget(key_t key, int flag);
Returns: message queue ID if OK, 1 on error
Key value can be IPC_PRIVATE, key generated by ftok() or any key (long integer)
Flag value must be
IPC_CREAT if a new queue has to be created
IPC_CREAT and IPC_EXCL if want to create a new a queue but don’t reference existing one
The server can create a new IPC structure by specifying a key of IPC_PRIVATE
Kernel generates a uniqe id
The client and the server can agree on a key by defining the key in a common header.
The client and the server can agree on a pathname and project ID and call the function ftok to convert these two values into a key.
#include <sys/ipc.h>
key_t ftok(const char *path, int id);
The path argument must refer to an existing file. Only the lower 8 bits of id are used when generating the key.
When a new queue is created, the following members of the msqid_ds structure are initialized.
The ipc_perm structure is initialized.
int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes, int flag);
int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf );
Size of memory in bytes
void *area;
if ((fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR)) < 0) perror("open error");
if ((area = mmap(0, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0)) == MAP_FAILED) perror();
close(fd);
void *area;
if ((area = mmap(0, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON | MAP_SHARED, -1, 0)) == MAP_FAILED) perror();
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https://www.slideserve.com/zilya/inter-process-communication
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Go Time – Episode #50
Bringing Kubernetes to Azure
with Kris Nova
Kris Nova joined the show to talk about developer empathy, running K8s on Azure, Kops, Draft, editors, containerizing odd things…and what it’s like to play a keytar.
-)
Transcript
Click here to listen along while you enjoy the transcript. 🎧
Welcome back everybody to another episode of GoTime. Today’s episode is actually number 50, so I think that makes us officially over the hill.
What?
When do we get a senior citizens’ discount?
55, when we belong to AARP.
So another five episodes.
On the show today we have myself, Erik St. Martin, Carlisia Pinto is also here…
Hi! You so mispronounced my name, but I love you, it’s okay. [laughter]
Yeah, we’re moving fast here, sorry.
At least he didn’t do the trained monkey thing where he says “Say hello, Carlisia. Say hello, Brian.” Yes, Erik, we’re trained monkeys.
In that case, say hello, Brian.
Oh… You’re going to hell. [laughs] Hi, Erik!
And our guest for today is actually Kris Nova. Hi, Kris.
Hi!
Do you wanna give everybody a little bit of a background of who you are and some of the stuff that you’re working on?
Sure, yeah. So I am really into Go, the Go programming language. I work a lot in Kubernetes and in the container space. I’m constantly coming up with little open source projects in my spare time, and I work on the Azure team at Microsoft, and we’re working on bringing Kubernetes to Azure and making that awesome.
I say Azure because I’m really into mineral collecting and my favorite mineral is azurite, so it just kind of like was a no-brainer for me. But I’ve heard Azure in the wild quite a bit.
I would say Azure.
Yeah, I actually have the same problem trying to figure that out, and I think Adam Stacoviak the producer might have corrected me during a conversation we had… And I think it’s actually based on Eastern countries versus Western countries. I think in the U.K. they say Azure, or something like that.
I’ve definitely heard both, but I just go with Azure… And that’s what I think most people on my team say.
I would always use the “juh” sound; the question is whether we would accent the first syllable or the second one. You say Azure (accent on the first syllable) and you work at Microsoft, so we’re rolling with that. It’s done.
Alright!
It’s official.
Sorry, I cannot change it.
I’m gonna call Scott Guthrie and let him know that that’s how this is from now on. [laughter]
You’ve got him on speed dial.
Done and done! You’re right, I should send him a text. Calling is rude.
We’ve been working on it for a while before we sort of announced it, and I’ve been involved with the team; I work fairly closely with them. I’m actually on like a neighboring team, but the way we do things is everybody – all the individual contributors kind of work together. So I’ve contributed to the project and helped along the way…
[00:04:04.27] So that’s a no? [laughter] I’m just messing with you, Kris. I’m feisty today… Could you tell?
Yeah…
Kris, have you finished your sentence? You were just suddenly interrupted…
No, it’s fine. So I worked out a lot in Kops; I helped to bring the private topology in Amazon to Kops… That was something I coded a lot end of last year, and now I’m one of the maintainers. My involvement now is pretty much I do a lot of code reviews and I help manage the project on sort of a high level.
I’m not contributing every day, like I used to be several months ago… But hopefully, I would like to change that, as I’ve been going through the process of getting Kubernetes up and running on Azure. I’m kind of missing a lot of these old paradigms that we had when I was working on Amazon, and I really would like in my spare time to dedicate some effort into getting an Azure implementation coded into Kops so that I can get some of those bells and whistles that I’m used to having in a certain way.
So that’s something that I’m gonna start coding here as soon as I get some free time, probably in the next couple of weeks or so… So I’m excited about it.
Here’s a question - for those of us who don’t have a ton of Azure experience, how does Azure compare feature-wise to AWS? Are you finding that you couldn’t still get everything you need done? Is it roughly analogous?
I would say so. Actually, I kind of like it more, because of the way that we handle our resource groups. What a resource group is is it allows you to give an ID to a set of arbitrary resources in Azure, and you can group on them that way. You just tag everything with a unique name and it doesn’t matter if it’s a public IP, a VM, a VNet… Anything. They all help me tie together with one string, and I think that’s pretty handy, especially if you plan on running multiple clusters out of the same account, which is something I did in Amazon all the time and struggled with. But I think ultimately at the end of the day it’s almost one-to-one.
I can get a cluster up and running with acs-engine in one or two commands, and it’s exactly what I need and I’m working fine.
Oh, that’s awesome.
Yeah, it’s one of those things that I keep meaning to play with as well. In the past five years it’s just been kind of like an explosion of different cloud providers, and it’s just so hard to get time… You don’t really wanna move your infrastructure too often; that’s painful. But it’s cool though, because a lot of tools now make it a lot easier to bootstrap a cluster, too… Especially in the Kubernetes world.
Yeah, I was gonna say that’s in my mind one of the big wins for Kubernetes, which is once you get all your infrastructure and all your applications bundled up into the Kubernetes way of doing things, you kind of don’t really care about the cloud anymore, or at least that’s the idea.
There might be subtle nuances, but I’ve had a ton of personal apps and a ton of projects that I used to run on Amazon that as soon as I had [unintelligible 00:07:17.03] up and running in Azure it’s like “Now I’m just rocking it in Azure, and life’s good!”
Are you self-hosting? Like a Kubernetes inside Kubernetes?
That’s something that I think we’re gonna see in the near future probably.
Yeah, and that’s what’s beautiful about it - in order to get a control plane up and running you just need to have these bare minimum set of components that are already running in containers. It’s a good model.
[00:08:02.15] So do you wanna talk maybe a little bit about what Kops is, for anybody who’s not familiar with the project?
Sure. I guess there’s a lot of – I don’t wanna say controversy, but a lot of people kind of put Kops mentally into different spaces, so I’ll kind of answer what it is for me. Basically, it’s sort of what is the layer below Kubernetes. It’ll solve “I have no resources in the cloud, whether that be Azure or AWS, and I want those resources in place, and then after those are in place, we need to bootstrap a Kubernetes cluster.” So Kops sort of makes one amalgamation of all those steps going together.
It’s a deployment tool, but more importantly, it’s also an after-market management tool. When you do go through the exercise of creating resources - again, whether these are IP addresses, network interfaces, VNets, VMs - you can store a concept of them, and then if you need to scale them or change them or update them or modify them later, you can.
I think it’s sort of introduces this new paradigm of “I need infrastructure and I’m gonna probably wanna change it later as my use cases grow and evolve and expand”, and with Kops I can do that through one friendly command line tool which ultimately becomes an API that you can trust.
So how does
kops differ in scope from
kubeadm.
kubeadm is sort of the second half of what
kops does.
kubeadm says “The infrastructure is in place and now I wanna bootstrap a Kubernetes cluster”, where
kops goes “I’ll manage the infrastructure, create it if you don’t already have it, and bootstrap a Kubernetes cluster as well.”
Oh, okay.
So you’re actually speaking about your development or the history of the development of Kops, and lessons learned and all that stuff. Without giving away the secret sauce of our talk, do you wanna give maybe like a little background of what that entails, and maybe some of the struggle that you had to make you realize and learn from these observations?
Absolutely. Yeah, again, I don’t wanna give too much away here, but basically I came into Kops and the community was moving very fast, and obviously, if you’ve ever watched the Kubernetes community, the whole Kubernetes community moves very fast. We’ve started working and developing, and as I started going through this iteration cycle as a developer, I started to kind of notice that things were getting noisy, for a lack of a better term, and I started to kind of re-evaluate the code, and then me and the rest of the Kops maintainer team kind of got together and started to go through this exercise of evaluating the code and figuring out what could be better and what was really going on here.
I really think it was like a classic taste of – we went through and we coded it with like… I believe you were saying something about best intentions, right? We were going through and trying to create an environment that would be easy for us to scale and change later. So we had abstraction, we had interfaces in place, we had put a lot of work into making this thing scalable, and actually in the long run a lot of that stuff kind of came in and ended up getting in our way. We slimmed it down and became much more expressive with our code, and that ultimately made a much quicker developer cycle.
To kind of go into the developer empathy side of things here, it actually got other maintainers and other contributors excited and involved in the project.
And what was that effort like? How long did it take to refactor this codebase from this crazy unwieldy thing that you were alluding to, into something that you’re more proud of now?
The timeline was super quick… It was about three weeks. We were trying to make a release - I think I wanna say 1.54; I have it in my deck. And the thing is in the Kops community we usually try to do a release right after Kubernetes. So a Kubernetes is N, and 1-2 weeks later we wanna have supporting Kops for version N as well.
[00:12:09.27] So as we were sort of scrambling to get this done, we started to go through it, look at the code and realize “Oh, maybe this is a lot of effort and a lot of code here to dissolve one simple problem. Maybe we can take this whole giant bundle of Go code out and replace it with a handful of really expressive functions.”
[alarm sound noise]
Uh-oh… Danger, Will Robinson! Danger!
What is the…?
It sounds like a weather warning.
I think we just got an AMBER alert here in Colorado, and that was my Okay Google box on the shelf behind me.
That would actually make sense, because you can’t mute those things.
Yup.
So Kops - we understand now. Can we talk about Draft? Because I think Draft has probably more impact on your day-to-day Go developer than Kops does. What’s the story with Draft? There’s so much hype, like “Draft is gonna change everything”, but I haven’t sat down and tried it yet. What’s Draft gonna do to make my life easier?
Again, I think this is moving into the developer empathy and operational empathy space. Draft makes it really easy as a developer to get an application that you’re working on locally running in your Kubernetes cluster with relatively low overhead.
I guess the story behind it would be you have a Draft daemon that’s running and it’s watching a directory for deltas; as it detects a delta, you make a change, like add a new line and save the file, or something.
It’ll detect that and it will go through this rebuilding and redeployment cycle where it’ll bundle up your application into a container, push it to a registry and then use Helm - that’s sort of like behind the scenes of what’s going on in Draft - to actually make a deployment in Kubernetes and run that in Kubernetes.
Oh, wow…
I used to work on Scala, and this tool reminds me of
sbt quite a bit, with this sort of “You run it and it sits there, and as soon as you make a change, it’ll sort of recompile” what it did in Scala. For Draft, for recompiling it’s actually a build stage where it will actually compile your code if you’re writing Go. Or if you’re writing an interpreted language, it’ll just stick it in a container and then push that out to the cluster… Which is pretty handy, because if you’ve ever developed for Kubernetes, you know there’s like – I have this alias in my Bash profile that I’m certainly not proud of, where it would do all this stuff that I’ve just talked about, and it was kind of hacky… This is a much more elegant way of doing that.
Yeah, everybody has that same nasty Bash script if they’re working in Kubernetes. It almost sounds like a “Heroku for Kubernetes” sort of thing; simplifying the whole development workflow. That sounds cool. Does it use a concept of buildpacks or something similar to determine how to containerize the application, or do you still have to provide guidance on the containerization of your app?
So there is buildpacks. I think right now we support six or seven languages, and those are built into the codebase. I know we plan on growing those over time.
That’s really cool. I’m looking through the docs now to see what the list of those six is… I don’t see it yet, but I’m sure it’s there somewhere. That’s really awesome. I’m a Draft-sold person; I’m gonna have to go play with it.
I think there was an article - I forget who posted the article from the Microsoft team when Draft was released… But that listed the languages, I think – I was trying to look it up real quick.
[00:15:54.03] And in addition to that, how does this work as far as like – what’s the word I’m looking for here…? Sharing the cluster with production systems for like multitenancy, multiple developers leveraging the same Kubernetes cluster… Does your application as it’s being built out in Draft - is that in its own namespace, or are you kind of sharing the cluster with the rest of the world? How does that work?
So there’s a command
draft in it; you specify the namespace you wanna run in, and as long as two people are using different namespaces, they’re not gonna conflict.
Nice, that’s really cool.
So is this type of stuff mostly what you’re working on at Microsoft? What other things are you responsible for? you said you’re working on the Azure team, right?
Right. So right now I’m working on some internal projects that are sort of like behind the scenes that we’re gonna announce later once they’re a little more fleshed out… But basically I’m on the ACS team, and building out bigger, badder, more awesome Kubernetes functionality for Azure users.
So is there a particular part of Kubernetes that you prefer to work on or that you find yourself mostly working on? Because I think the thing we all find is there’s so many components that it’s really hard to be aware of all of them - the scheduler, the networking components and storage… There’s just a lot of moving parts, and as you said earlier, it moves so fast.
It does. To put it into perspective, when I first started on the Deis (now Microsoft) team, I had never really even interacted with a cluster past the API. My entire Kubernetes career up until January of this year was bootstrapping and digging through kubelet logs, and understanding how the components of the control plane fit together… And once the API was up and running and I could send an HTTPS request to it, that was sort of where I stopped.
I think I still kind of naturally go into that space - underlying bootstrapping and how does the system work even behind the scenes and what is it the system needs look like, and making sure that’s all happy and healthy. And then of course, how does the infrastructure underneath that fit into that whole orchestration bit.
Kind of like the provisioning aspect and kind of how all the components communicate between themselves, and not so much the application layer - am I understanding that right?
So if you had plenty of free time, is there an area that you would love to dig into deeper?
I think I really would like to get into building out new applications in Kubernetes. I’ve kind of always gone through this exercise of getting Kubernetes up and running, dealing with the infrastructure, solving those networking and network overlay problems… I’ve never actually had the joy of “I’m gonna write an app, I’m gonna stick it in a container and I’m gonna go run it in production in Kubernetes.” I’ve always watched other people do that and it’s always so fun and exciting…
So I’ve secretly been kind of like, “One of these days I’m gonna move my blog over, on a weekend, or something like that…”
But indirectly, you’ve helped everybody launch their stuff, right?
So yeah, there’s a lot of value in that, but I think it’s always fun, looking at stuff… I look at Jessie Frazelle too, and it’s like “She put what in a container…?!” [laughter]
Yeah, we actually did a Helm hack night in San Francisco last week, and I might have had one too many beers, but I thought it would be a good idea to try to run IE6 in a container, just because some of this stuff we’re dealing with here at Microsoft requires IE. So I was like “Hey, if I have a Docker file for that, that’ll make it much easier.”
[00:19:46.07] So I started going through the exercise, and it’s actually pretty fun containerizing odd things. I had a good time. And once it’s done, it’s kind of done forever and you don’t really have to deal with it anymore. It’s kind of like you give yourself these neat little LEGO blocks.
We’ve gotta know how deep was that rabbit hole for IE6.
So you did in Wine and Docker?
Yup.
That makes sense.
Actually, that sparks some ideas, too. One of the programs that I always like using on my Mac is Navicat. I like having a consistent UI for database stuff… So I naturally thought on my Linux machine they have Navicat for Linux, except it’s just the Windows version in Wine… So you’ve gotta have all the 32-bit libraries and all that junk, so running that in a container would be awesome.
It would.
My contribution to the world… [laughs]
I think it was cool for me because containers always were kind of like this mystery, and then you kind of realize, there’s a lot going on, but at the end of the day we’re head in your kernel… So whatever we would be setting to the kernel “in real life” you’re gonna get pretty close to the same functionality coming from a container, and it was like “Oh, this is sort of not this black mystery face anymore. I kind of get it now.” And I think actually seeing the Xserver get started and actually bring something up on my screen was kind of like that a-ha moment.
I think there’s difficulty in adoption of containers though, because explaining the differences – I forget who it was, whether it was Brendan Gregg or somebody… I was reading kind of like a performance article where it basically said that most of his day is spent exonerating the container, that most people wanna “Oh, this isn’t performing right… It’s gotta be because it’s in a container” and things like that, and you start to realize there’s not a lot of magic there; it’s all operating system things being called; it’s not the container, it’s the configuration the container’s getting, right?
But I guess the natural assumption is that it’s a lot closer to a virtual machine, and that there’s a bigger layer of abstraction there.
But it’s really not… It’s just a container, at the end of the day; [unintelligible 00:22:14.22] something, and that’s that.
Yeah, that’s basically what I tell people - it’s a lot closer to just a highly configured process than it is a VM.
So you guys were just acquired - “you guys” being Deis - by Microsoft… Tell us about the culture change there. Deis was a nice startup in the Boulder - Denver area, and then you went off to Engine Yard, and now Microsoft… So that’s two big changes in two years; what’s the culture like at Microsoft? How do microsofties think about Go and containers in general? What does that feel like?
I was so impressed and fell in love so quickly… Because I was kind of worried, like “Am I gonna still be able to write Go? What is this gonna look like?” and I think after the first day of exploring Azure on GitHub and going through the code, like – Microsoft loves Linux. We love Go, and the culture is great. I still feel like I work at a startup, I go to work with my best friends every day, we go out to eat lunch… Life’s good.
It’s really interesting to see the love for Linux coming out of Microsoft in recent years, and making Bash run on Windows, too…
I love it. And it’s so cool… I feel almost a sense of pride to be a part of that, because coming from a world where Microsoft is always sort of different, and Windows is always sort of different to be like “Hey, we’re gonna build out these really awesome products in this really great cloud, using Unix, using Linux, using Go, and making these awesome technical decisions…” It’s really exciting.
That’s so awesome. So how about free time? What do you like to do in your free time? We know some stuff from the band thing… You’ve got quite a collection of instruments.
[00:24:06.01] I do. I play a lot of music; I have a whole basement filled with instruments. Actually, we’re moving next week, so they’re all in boxes right now, so I’m having a guitar withdrawal…
Oh, man…
Yeah, I think my guitar withdrawal has passed… Now it’s just a decoration for my office. [laughter]
It’s like one of those Ghost paints? I’ve just put my whole band room back together, because I had put hardwood in it over the last month… Now all the hardwood’s done and I put the whole band back together last night, and plugged in my amp for the first time at 10 PM, and went a little bit crazy on channel three, and it was really – it was awesome. It felt so good.
Carlisia, do you play any instruments?
No, I don’t. I played piano for a couple years when I was – I can’t even remember; maybe I was nine. But I don’t remember a thing. I remember how to position the fingers. That’s it.
I think in order for me to say that I played the guitar, we would have to clearly define what the definition of “play” is… [laughter]
Oh, ukulele is so much fun.
Yeah, that’s such a cool instrument.
I played synth in a band for a number of years, and that sort of went anywhere from weighted key piano, to playing organ, to actually having this super teeny-tiny microKORG with little itty-bitty keys on it… And keytar - it’s such a unique instrument, because you have to kind of have one hand that’s doing piano things, and then your left hand is on that flybar where you can get the modulation and the pitch bend and everything.
It took a while to get into this – like, I’m holding it like a guitar, playing it like a piano, and my other hand is doing guitar things. But I bought it, and then the first thing I had to learn how to play was Frankenstein by the Edgar Winters Group. [laughter] I played that for like six months straight. I’m pretty sure the neighbors were like “If I hear that riff one more time…” [laughter]
…somebody’s gonna have to die.
I just pasted a YouTube search result for Jordan Rudess’ keytar solos into the Slack. I’ve seen him live several times, but one of them he did like this nine-minute epic keytar thing, and it just changed my idea of keytars forever. Very awesome.
I will check that out.
So I think by the time this episode is released, we will be in our 30-day window to the conference. Are you well prepared? Are you sitting back, relaxing, rehearsing, or still racing and doing last-minute changes?
I’ve had my deck done for a while… I gave the talk about a month ago – I gave the short and condensed version of it for an internal thing at a company… So I think I’m ready. Probably as we get closer to the conference I’m gonna get a little more like “Oh, man… I wanna make sure that this thing is perfect and on point”, but I’m just excited. This will be my first GopherCon, and I’m speaking there, so that’s pretty rad.
Oh, you haven’t attended yet?
Oh… Newbie.
It’s gonna be awesome. Brian, we found the one person who doesn’t procrastinate.
Right, I was just thinking “Wow, this person has their talk done ahead of time?”
That’s unheard of…
Usually we spend the night before each next day, moving between hotel rooms, helping people finish their talks. Last year I don’t even know if we got to sleep the night before each day, because it was just moving from one hotel room to the next, listening to people’s talks, fixing their slides… It was lots of procrastination, so we’re very proud of you, Kris.
[00:28:11.11] Thanks. It does keep changing, I will say that. The story – it’s like a fish story, it gets more dramatic every time I tell it, but as Kubernetes grows and as I learned more, and as I kind of go deeper into the rabbit hole, I’m like “Oh, this might be another interesting tidbit to throw in there…” So I think I’m probably on my fifth or sixth revision of it.
Evolution is okay, but not having it done the day you show up to the conference - not so okay.
There are those beautiful people who can just get up on stage and totally wing something, though… And I can only be in awe.
Do you know who’s really good at that? This is totally random, but Charlie Nutter, the guy who does most of the JRuby stuff… He can show up at any conference and you just give him a topic and he’ll riff an entire hour-long talk flawlessly with live code.
Wow. That’s like rock climbing without a rope.
Yeah, that’s pretty much what I say - wow. If you’ve ever seen it, it’s impressive.
So do you guys wanna talk about anything projects and news-wise? I think we have probably like 15 minutes or so left in the show.
There are a lot of interesting projects that have been updated lately, and there’s some news. Let’s dive into it. I’ll start with Go Play - holy cow, is that cool! So you guys know I’ve had this - I don’t know if “obsession” is the right word, but I’ve been trying very hard to learn front-end development, and I’m an old dog and it’s a new trick; it’s not going terribly well. And I’ve had this conception that using GopherJS would make my life easier, for better or worse (I don’t know if that’s true)… But there’s a front-end framework called Vecty that’s built on GopherJS and it’s very much in the style of React, in that you build components and reuse them, and such… But Vecty isn’t terribly well documented yet, because it’s still kind of in flux. And somebody built a “Go playground” thing called GoPlay.space.
If you go to goplay.space - it’s a Go playground front-end, and there’s also a back-end that submits your code off to the playground and then reformats it… But it’s nice because it’s got some slick integration with
godoc, so you can highlight something and on the right side of the window it will open up the
godoc for that stuff… So I’m really excited to see this giant codebase - “giant” maybe isn’t quite the right word, but a large enough codebase that gives a great example of Vecty and client and server-side Go… It’s a really neat project, and the tool itself (goplay.space) is just like the playground, but better. It’s a neat tool.
Yeah, isn’t that neat?
Yeah, I’m gonna use this all the time, whenever I’m demo-ing stuff at the office, just because we have a lot of people who look at it who may not be super-involved with Go, and having the docs right there as you’re going through the code is gonna be invaluable.
So is this something that you host? I haven’t looked at this yet… Is this something that you host yourself, or is it just like an alternative play site that you can go to?
It actually uses the playground in the background, but if you wanted to host your own, you could… But you don’t need to, because he’s got one hosted at [goplay.space] ().
Oh, cool. I’m gonna have to start using that.
Yeah, it’s really slick, and there’s lots of extra sugary features on top of the playground that make it neat.
Oh, no way… I was just playing around – [laughter]
[00:32:09.16] NO WAY!!!
I had to open this up, because you guys were talking about… So on top of clicking on a function, you can just go to the imports statement and click the imported package and it brings up the package docs, too…
Slick. That’s why I wanna go enjoy this source code… I need to assume - or subsume - at all “read it, become it, learn it, do it…”
NO WAY!!! Alright… [laughter]
Shut the front door!
Yeah, if you click on
package or
import or
func, it actually brings up the doc for the package clause and import declarations and function declarations… The actual docs for that in the language spec. That’s sweet…
Pretty cool.
Yeah.
Also, just because we’re all hackers here, there’s a Settings button in the upper right and you can change it over to Dark Mode and it looks really legit.
Nice.
Oh, it is legit!
Thank you for that.
Legit!
And for anybody who doesn’t like the standard, you can change your tab width, too…
I like 8 a lot. I don’t know why, but I like 8 a lot.
This is so slick.
It’s slick, isn’t it? I was really excited… The person that released it – let me get the name, because I was just looking at it a moment ago… It is Igor Afanasyev (I’m not sure). Igor’s been talking about it in the Vecty room in Golang Slack for a long time, and finally he released the source a couple days ago… Really cool to see an implementation of something large in Vecty. So there’s GopherJS on the front-end, straight Go on the back-end… Cool stuff.
Now I need to try to avoid playing with this… [laughter] I just wanna take random code in here to see what happens…
Right?
Like, if I use a channel and I click on the pointer thing, does it do something? I’m gonna be finding hidden things now…
Right? Like, now I’m gonna find parts of the golang documentation that I haven’t looked at before, that I’m now gonna start reading.
You almost feel obligated to read it after it pops up… [laughs]
…which is roughly –
The last day of GopherCon.
Yes. I’m thinking today is June…
Today IS June.
It is June.
No, I was thinking today is July. I’m thinking “Wow, that’s only a week away that it closes”, but no, it’s like a month and a week.
This is how you know we’re really close to GopherCon, because we don’t know what day it is, we don’t know what time it is, we don’t really even know what month it is, and we certainly couldn’t tell you who the members of our family are.
We have families?
[laughs] Exactly.
And the last thing I will mention for projects and news is that the videos from GopherCon China are online. Apparently, most of them are in Chinese…
Oh, that’s cool…
It is, so let’s practice our Mandarin by watching the videos.
I wanna learn Mandarin so badly…
I tried…
And with that, I have to go.
You are getting kicked out of your room?
I see people – oh, wait… They’re going away. They’re going away, I’m not being kicked out…
Crisis averted…
[00:36:10.02] You’re gonna get people in trouble, Brian…
I try… I told you I was feeling a little spicy today.
Vim-Go…
Yes, Vim-Go rather… It was just released, too.
I was looking at the release notes - there’s some really nice stuff there.
Yeah, one of the cool things was the – what’s it called…? Keyify?
So if you have like a struct literal and you didn’t actually put the field names on there, it’ll automatically look it up and do it for you.
That is really awesome.
Wait, so if you define a struct literal, it’ll define the members automatically for you?
Yeah, so if you’ve used an anonymous struct literal, or a struct literal without the keynames…
Sorry, I have to go now. Bye, this was fun!
Bye, Carlisia.
Bye!
So yeah, you’ve got a struct literal where you didn’t put the keynames in and you just counted on ordering to manage the assignment, you can type
go-keyify in vim-go and it will put the keynames in for you… Which is cool, because that’s a
golint big red flag for keynames, so… It’s kind of slick. And there’s a bunch of other stuff in this release.
It also allows you to be lazy though, because you can just type really fast out the values and then just do
go-keyify and let it fill in the fields for you.
Oh, that would be cool.
I mean, if you remember it. That tends to be my problem - there’s lots of cool things, I just never remember to use them when they’re useful; I remember them after the fact.
So I came across this cool project this week too called fsql, and now that you’re talking about flipping birds, Brian, it has like a whole new meaning to me… [laughter] But it’s a filesystem SQL, so you can run basically like SQL commands to search… So rather than just using like a
find and all its flags, you can actually do like a
select * from and do
name a file like such-and-such, and check the size…
Oh, wow…
I was curious… I saw that too, and I was wondering if you could like do a join… If you could take files from this directory and match them on files from that directory and show how they relate. That would be useful if you’re ever doing a nested vendor and you wanna figure out which packages need to go where.
You can use
and or
or to join conditions…
Yeah, but you can’t join queries…
I don’t know if you can have multiple select, yeah…
union would be killer, wouldn’t it?
Yeah…
You could do some crazy stuff with a SQL
union.
I’ll betcha they’d take a pull request, though.
Well, you know, with a little bit of a Linux command line you could do that though…
Yeah, you could…
You use fsql and then throw in some
awk and
sed and
grep and all of the rest of it, but of course, that defeats the whole purpose of having fsql… So I’ll be quiet now.
I think other than that I don’t know whether – are there are any other news or things going on you guys wanna talk about before we wrap this thing up?
Well, we have our #FreeSoftwareFriday we can’t forget…
Yes, and I have a cool one, too.
You do?
Yeah, it needs some code love… It’s Kubernetes related. I’ll go first, being that I’m hinting at it anyway.
Okay.
So we have a thing we’re working on where we’re needing to support multiple interfaces inside of a container; basically, one would be the mesh network like the [Flannel] () or something, and then the other being like a VLAN interface for outbound video data… But anyway, so we’re having to build our own CNI plugin to manage this, and I came across this project called CNI-Genie, which is actually ridiculously cool. It looks like it’s still in its infancy, but basically you can add a CNI annotation to a pod, and then comma separate a list of CNI plugins you want to run.
[00:40:12.29] So either you can get multiple interfaces, so you can have like Flannel and Calico and all these things running in the same cluster, and then issue IPs from specific ones or multiples, and then on top of that it does some metrics collection thorough cAdvisor, where if you want it to, it can choose what interface it should give you, or which CNI plugin it should use, based on…
Based on network performance?
Yeah.
That’s crazy. So first of all, CNI is complicated enough without adding a comma-separated list of CNI plugins to make my life more crazy… [laughter] So God bless them for going there, but holy cow!
The other interesting thing about this though too is a lot of people implement these networks at the Docker layer, and things like that. The cool thing about this is it would allow you to run multiples, in like a multitenancy environment, where people might have different requirements.
You could host multiple applications within that network and then have different CNI plugins that manage that, especially when you get into access control and things like that… But yeah, so…
That’s crazy cool.
And the other cool thing is if you need to migrate, you could have a Flannel network running and all your current containers running on Flannel, and then you stand up Calico side-by-side and then you’re just kind of rotating out containers over onto that new CNI plugin and new network interface. So there’s a thought there, too…
That’s nuts. Crazy cool. I see that it’s from Huawei and I know after talking to some people who went to GopherCon China that they are doing gigantic things with Go at Huawei, so cool to see them releasing open source, and I hope that we can find more ways to have that language barrier a little easier for all of us, to see the things they’re doing and collaborate.
I know the Go community in China is huge, but it’s kind of tough, since I don’t speak Chinese. If I could just learn Chinese, it would be so much easier.
I tried… This was – wow, almost ten years ago now that I tried to do some Rosetta Stone for Mandarin.
That’s awesome.
I didn’t make it very far.
Alright, so my #FreeSoftwareFriday shoutout is to a person, not a project. Everybody has probably seen this person in the Gophers Slack, on GitHub, on Twitter… This is Florin Patan, and I hope I didn’t butcher your name terribly, Florin… I apologize if I did. Florin is just an incredibly active member of the community and always, ALWAYS there to answer questions and help people out. I very much appreciate all of the work he does for the community; he’s one of the cornerstones of the helper crew in Go, and it’s awesome to see all the time he dedicates to helping people on Slack, on Reddit, on Twitter… Everywhere. Thank you so much for all that you do, Florin. We appreciate it.
Kris, is there any project or any person you wanted to shout out for #FreeSoftwareFriday?
Yeah, I would say the one person in the community who has stuck out to me more in the past few months than anybody else is Caroline Van Slyck.
Nice.
A great talk, about adding more users to your app by supporting Windows better.
Awesome. I can get on board with that.
[00:44:07.28] Exactly… Since I’m sitting in front of a Windows machine.
I’m just thinking of our 15-minute [laughter]
…and how long it took me to get Skype working?
Well, just how quickly you go from frustration with your computer to admiration…
So since we’ve got a few minutes left, let me tell you about my little recent migration. Everybody knows I just can’t find an operating system I love (this is not news to anybody), but I’ve been pushing myself more and more into the Microsoft world lately, because I think the Windows subsystem for Linux is the answer to most of the problems that I have. It may not be everybody else’s answers, but I wanted a Linux development environment and I don’t want to sit at Linux daily, because email is terrible… Lots of things are not so great about desktop Linux.
But development on Linux is what I want, so I thought WSL is probably the way to go. And with the latest updates, I’m running the Fast Ring Insider release, so I’m on build 16.1.99, so it’s a very fresh release. There pretty much isn’t anything in WSL that doesn’t work flawlessly. I can’t find anything that doesn’t work perfectly in WSL, which means that I’ve got a Linux development environment, and it’s perfect. Now I just have to get used to the Windows part, and I’m doing pretty well. I mean, I’ve always liked Windows email; I just have a hard time with things like keyboard shortcuts and such.
The thing that killed me today was that Skype doesn’t recognize my – well, actually it does; even worse, Skype recognizes my external audio interface for the podcast, it just doesn’t pick up the microphone. [laughs]
So the green light shows up that I’m talking in the audio interface, and in the Windows control panel I’ve got a little green light showing up that says I have inbound audio in my recording thing, but Skype is like “Nope, no microphone. Thanks for playing.”
That’s odd.
So I blame Skype more than I blame Windows, because it works everywhere else.
So because we haven’t started a war yet [laughter], Kris, what’s your development operating system and editor of choice?
And this is the part of the show where everybody hangs up on me… I run Arch Linux and Emacs most of the time.
I’m in Arch Linux an Vim person, so…
I’ve been actually wanting to switch over to Vim… I know it’s like “Oh my gosh, Emacs for life”, but the more I see it and the more I hear about the community and how fast we’re coming out with things like what we just talked about, with the struct literals, I think that it might be fun to dedicate a year to just switching over and just learning Vim and seeing how I like it. That’s be something fun to do.
Yeah, once you get the first set of key movements down - that’s usually the hardest part; after that it’s just a lifetime of learning new tricks, and being around other Vim people. They see you type four characters and they’re like “You know you can do that in two, right?” and you learn something new…
Using Vim in front of an audience of 20-30 people that may or may not know Vim - that is probably the most painful thing in the world you can do… Because at the end of the class people are like “You know, you could have done XYZ in Vim and done this a lot faster…” Alright, fine. Just get off my back. I do not need you criticizing my Vim motions.
But you used to criticize my Vim motions…
I’ve never criticized your Vim motions. You’re the Vim god, I know nothing about Vim compared to you.
The history of mine and Brian’s friendship and relationship – actually, he was my boss for a while, and yeah… He used to give me a hard time because I’d fly through stuff demo-ing… So I’d just be like changing tabs and jumping around the file and things, like… “Slow down!”
[00:48:16.16] “Slow down! I can’t even see what you’re doing, you’re moving so fast!” And that was actually what convinced me that Vim is a good place for me to go, because I used like Sublime Text and TextMate before that… But watching Erik fly through Vim, I was like “Oh man, I’ve gotta get some of that.”
And that’s exactly what it was like for me… I’ve sat with some people who do the same thing and I’m like “If I could actually go through and learn that, I can see myself getting obsessed with it.” Like, “I have to learn more, I have to be able to do this in one less keystroke”, and it’s just… I grew up with Emacs. It’s like what the cool kids in high school used. We used to play games on it, so for me it’s just second nature, I don’t have to think about it anymore. Maybe it’s time for me to learn a new text editor.
I’ll actually plug a book for anybody interested in learning Vim… I had used Vim for probably close to ten years before I read this book. It’s Practical Vim by Drew Neil. I learned a ton from that book that I didn’t know from ten years of using Vim. It teaches you to kind of look at the keystrokes and kind of the multiplier, the command, and kind of like a motion activity… And you start to realize that there’s a format to them, like
c is for Change,
d is for Delete, and then you have a motion, which is like
t… And then you can say like
; , so
dt; means “Delete up to the semi-colon.”
ct; is Change To ; …
Once you start recognizing those patterns (
dw is Delete Word) it becomes much easier to remember them all.
Interesting.
There’s a cheat sheet somewhere, too… A poster.
It’s my desktop. It’s literally my desktop, because for some reason, once I got good enough to open files, move around, I stopped learning all Vim things. It’s like “Yeah, I can open files, I can edit…”, so I don’t use very many motions and I don’t use many of the extras. I know how to search and replace, and I know how to move to beginning, and search and all that stuff. I’m a basic Vim user, and I keep trying to convince myself that I need to learn all of the cool stuff, and I can get everything done without learning it, so I don’t.
Lazy.
There’s actually a follow-up book to that too, called Modern Vim, which gets into Nvim and things like that. I have not read that one yet, and it’s not out yet, I don’t think… It’s still being written, but that will be interesting when it comes out too, because Nvim is really cool, too…
**Kris Nova: **
[laughs] Scott Mansfield just posted an upside down T-shirt with Vim commands on it…
Nice!
The Vim cheat sheet… That’s fantastic.
I need that shirt.
Thank you, Scott!
Yeah… And I feel like you see that a lot with Vim; like you said earlier, it’s a lifetime of learning how to be better at it. People who use Vim grow and get better, and the longer they use it, the more they fall in love with it and the more they sort of learn to master it. And I guess for me, I don’t really ever spend any part of my day-to-day coding life improving my editor skills. I can jump to a word, jump to a line, save and exit, and I kind of stop there.
That’s me. I can do the basic stuff. I’ve never really learned – now, today, since we’re on editors and kind of going sideways, I did the free webinar for JetBrains on Gogland IDE, and I was blown away, because I did that with Florin and I was blown away by how many cool features are in Gogland. So if you haven’t given Gogland a try yet - holy cow, do they have some really awesome Go stuff. We barely scratched the surface of the things that the IDE does, and it’s really cool how well Gogland thought through all of the Go stuff.
[00:52:10.23] When you’re looking at text editors, obviously there’s a huge difference between the heaviness of Vim and something like Gogland, but… I’ve been using Gogland more and more lately, and I’m impressed by just how much it does.
If I’m on my Mac, I use Gogland exclusively, and I’ll write in Emacs if I’m at home on my Arch Linux box… And it’s great. I remember coming over from IntelliJ with like the Go plugin; getting the Kubernetes codebase to index was like this 20-minute process… [laughter] I think it was like 7.5 gigabytes of memory, or something, and Gogland did it in less than 20 seconds and running less than a gig.
It’s highly optimized for Go, and it works great. I use it for demos and I code in it all the time.
Now, one of the things we were talking about with indexing speed today - if you have JavaScript mixed into your GOPATH with Go code, the indexing is significantly longer, which is part of my problem, because I’ve got this gigantic GOPATH. But I’ve put all of my code in my GOPATH; I just figured GOPATH is a great place to put all code, so that’s why my indexing takes longer than most, because I have all these projects with JavaScript stuff, and it’s indexing those too, for all of its code intellisense stuff.
I have a question - open question for the gang here… I have multiple GOPATHs in my home directory, for different modes of writing Go that I’m in, and then I just change my GOPATH variable based on like if I’m in Kubernetes mode, or if I’m in Azure mode. Am I the only one who does that, or…?
Not at all.
Okay.
I do it by project most times. In fact, all of my classroom material for teaching Go is a self-contained GOPATH, and then I’ve got GOPATHs from my personal projects, and if I have a job - which sometimes I do - then I’ll have a GOPATH specifically for that, just to keep everything clean.
And if you’re not already aware of this, I will up your “different environment” game. There’s a project called direnv that I use the crap out of. Basically, it allows you when you
cd into a directory, it can execute shell scripts or set up aliases or your paths specifically for that directory. I have these different GOPATHs set up, but it just automatically changes for me when I go into the directory.
I was literally thinking about writing this exact tool like two days ago.
Yeah, I use direnv for everything. All I have to do is change into the directory and it automatically changes my GOPATH, exports, the Docker variables for Postgres, whatever. It was Erik, I’m sure, that introduced me to direnv, or maybe its predecessor. Because direnv was written in Go, but there was another one before that that isn’t… Same thing, though. You have an .envrc file, and it just automatically sources that when you’re changing the directory, to change your GOPATH and set environment variables.
Awesome.
Yeah, it’s so much fun. I use it to change up my
kubectl configs and things like that, too.
You’re not using kubectx yet?
Usually, there’s a kube-control or kubectl. I haven’t got into the kubectl thing…
Awesome, because right now I have a bunch of kube configs in my directory, and then symlink them according to what I’m doing. But this sounds awesome.
Oh, no, no, no. I’ll paste this one into Slack. It’s awesome. We were using this last week when I was at training, and it’s so much nicer.
[00:56:09.17] Yeah, so I just put a link to that in Slack. It’s github.com/ahmetp/kubectx.
I feel like we need to have an episode all the time where we share tools…
A tools episode? Heck yeah. I think that’d be an awesome episode. All of the cool things that we each put into the automation of our workspaces, that make our lives easy… That’d be fun.
And then we could create this gigantic, super-duper repository of the best ways to automate your entire workflow, and the end of the day you wouldn’t even have to write code. You’d just show up and click a button, the code would self-write, and you’d just watch the compilers work.
Awesome. I finally just cracked down and I decided pushing my entire home directory up to a Git repo.
What?! The whole thing?
Well, I Git ignore downloads and stuff like that, and the big directories that have all my junk on it on my Mac book or my Arch Linux box…
So like documents, too?
Yeah. Dotfiles, documents - I just get it all up there and then I can just pull them down whenever I need them, and edit them and push them back up.
Holy cow… That’s brave.
Yeah… I also run my own Git server, so…
There’s another one… It’s not RCS, but… Shoot. I just saw the other day something like RCS, the name is like.. One of those Ruby companies made a really cool dotfile configuration tool, and I saw somebody… Elithrar - who’s Elithrar? The name is escaping me… On Twitter, Elithrar. Darn it, I’m blanking. I don’t usually blank on names. Anyway, I’m gonna go look it up… While you guys talk, I’m gonna go look up his dotfiles.
Yeah, so some of those things are cool, though…
Matt Silverlock.
I have a Bin directory that is just like eight years’ worth of hacky shell scripts that I add to path whenever I move into a computer…
Oh, you’ve gotta publish that.
Okay… Let’s find it right now. I’ll pull my dotfiles out and I’ll publish it for you guys.
Thank you.
I sometimes forget that they’re not on every system, and I’ll be like “Wait, you don’t have this kcxx27d command?”
“Doesn’t everybody have that?”
[laughs] Yeah…
I used to do that with Git aliases… First I’d alias G to Git, and then I had actual aliases set up inside of Git too, so that I could shorthand everything, and I’d be on somebody else’s computer or logged in over SSH somewhere, and I’m trying to run my aliases and it’s yelling at me that it’s not a valid Git command, and I’m like “I don’t know what you’re talking about… Yes, it is!”
“Of course it is, I just typed my alias, GX!”
And I have like an alias for viewing the Git log, where it’s kind of like a tree where you can kind of see railroad tracks and things like that, and I just kind of have that alias, so it’ll drive me nuts when I’m on somebody else’s machine and I try to Git log and it shows up in the standard way, and I’m like “Wow, wait… What is this?”
That’s the disadvantage to crafting your own workspace and environment…
But it’s also one of the things that’s so attractive about it, right?
[01:00:06.25] I love Linux and I love being able to configure and make everything special just for me, because… I don’t know, there’s something that’s sort of fun at the end of the day, knowing like “This is my secret command that nobody else runs, and most people will probably hate and disagree with, but it’s mine!”
That’s right. That’s my favorite part. Having your own Bash aliases, and shell scripts that do the crazy stuff… That just makes me happy.
They’re fun to share, too… I remember – I think it was you, Brian; the first time you saw in my shell prompt where I have it change the host name’s color and put the little lock there when it recognizes that I’m SSH-ed somewhere else… Because I would constantly type a command that I thought I was running locally and I would run it on a remote system…
Yeah, I still use that, by the way… Because I love it! It’s so awesome. And I added – I don’t think you had it before, but I added a little icon that shows an apple if I’m in a Mac and it shows a penguin if I’m on a Linux machine, and it has the lock if it’s SSH-ed. So if I don’t see the lock penguin, I know I’m on a different machine. That’s handy.
Nice. Yeah, it’s just kind of cool, because it basically changes my prompt to basically make it really – I really know that I’m on a remote system and I pay attention better. So except for the fact that I tend to be be on my Mac, remoted into my workstation, so I’ve become accustomed to seeing it there, so now I feel like I need to make it smarter… The difference between like machines that I own, or are on my local network, versus not…
That’s a good idea.
One of the other things that I have too is a helper to be able to tab complete machines that I’ve SSH-ed into before, because it drives me nuts.
I have that, too.
It drives me so nuts having to type out whole IPs, or trying to remember what they are, or host names…
So I changed – what’s the new
dmenu replacement we’re using in Arch now? What is that…?
Yeah…
You know what I’m talking about… It’s not
dmenu, it’s the replacement - what the heck is it called?
rofi.
rofi, thank you. So I have a
rofi script that if I just hit alt+D in Arch and just type a hostname, it will automatically SSH to the hostname, and I did that with some Bash hackery.
Oh, cool.
I love me some Arch. And by the way, just because I’m running Windows now does not mean I’m not running i3 anymore… Which I think is the best thing ever. There’s truly nothing better. I’ve got Windows in the background, I open up WSL, I start an Xserver, and now I’m running i3. I have all the best of all worlds.
What window manager do you use, Chris?
Right now I am running…
Yeah, I’ve seen it, but I’ve never said it, so I don’t know… Xfce is what I would say…
That’s what I have now. I rarely actually get on my Arch Linux box; I’m usually just SSH-ed into it. But I ran Gnome for the longest time, and I think that’s kind of like what I grew up with… But I’m just running this now because it was sort of the prettiest at the time.
Oh, yeah… And just being able to quickly “hotkey” full-screen stuff, or… There’s like a parent/child relationship, so you can have multiple windows set up, and they’re kind of grouped into one container and you can just quickly kind of full-screen those two things at once.
[01:04:06.17] Yeah, it’s awesome. If you like tile-ing in any way, and keep shortcuts – because once you go with i3, you could just throw your mouse away, because you don’t need it. It’s brilliant for command line text editor people.
Yeah, I think the only time I touch the mouse is when I’m in a browser. That’s it.
Links for life. Just kidding… [laughter]
Yeah, browsing the internet links.
I’m sure Jessie Frazelle does.
Oh… If links was the only thing there, no more browser compatibility issues with CSS and the way things load…
Right? No more Web 2.0… [laughs]
So how would you run a video? I guess you could VLC it, or something… How would that work? What would YouTube look like in links? How would you watch the video?
I swear I’ve seen a links plugin that will play videos… I could be wrong, but I swear I’ve seen one.
There’s a video player that will actually convert video real-time; it will use ncurses and actually do colored ASCII to super impose the video in your terminal.
What?!
Yeah, I’m trying to find this library right now… It’s pretty cool.
I’ve seen that, but I swear there’s a thing that will actually embed in links… And maybe I’m thinking of something else. I don’t know.
I have to see the ASCII video conversion.
Yeah, it’s ascii-video. It’s a JavaScript package, of course. There you go.
Nice.
I’m gonna have to play with this now.
I don’t know… That means you have to use NPM. Just say no.
Oh, sweet… like I’m actually looking at it now.
That is so cool. Yeah… Okay, that’s cool.
Not gonna lie, it’s cool.
This reminds me of the – did you guys ever see the Star Wars Telnet server?
Oh yeah, yeah… I did see that. Can we release ASCII versions of all the GopherCon videos? Do you think people would be mad? [laughter]
Yes, let’s do… Let’s definitely do.
I think it would have to be in addition to the real videos.
I think we’ve gone twice as long as we normally go on an episode because we dived into “the tool.”
Yeah, we’re probably totally into the after-show now…
Yeah, so we should say goodbye so we can keep going… [laughter]
Alright, so we should say bye… Thanks everybody for listening. A huge thank you to Kris for coming on the show with us today. Thanks to Carlisia who wasn’t able to continue, but she’s here in spirit right now; she should be back next week.
Thank you so much for coming on, Kris. It was an honor to finally talk in person - well, not quite in person, but over the internet - to my best friend. If you guys aren’t aware, Kris and I are bffs; we’ve been bffs for several months now, but we declared it on Twitter so…
It’s Twitter-official.
Yeah. We’re Twitter bffs.
Yeah. Yeah, thanks for having me. This was a lot of fun.
Our transcripts are open source on GitHub. Improvements are welcome. 💚
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Type: Posts; User: Loosexll
Example: i have a panel and one button, one textbox in it. Now, i want to zoom panel to small or lagre, of course, both button and textbot change size with rate. Nobody teach me.
>"< i don't know how to use degger in C#, i'm begginer
I code the algorithm Depth First Search, but it infinite loop, what did i wrong?
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
const int maxx = 20;...
Oh my god, >"< I'm Sorry, >"<, let me move.
Close please.
No, not wrong this, can you test on your VS and tell me something else???
Thank for all, i think i should like beginner. Thank
Someone help, i stuck, :(
I converted, but it not work, someone test and fix it, i stuck, please
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{...
Thanks
Thank for help, grateful.
Suggestions me please, in procedure: void Breadth_first_search(queue<int> &Q, vector<int> &trace, bool grid[][maxx], int start, int nodes). I don't know Q.push, Q.pop, Q.front in C#, >"<.
Thank for help, maybe i told not well, so, my mean is: i don't know Q.pop, Q.front and pop, push, what is it in C#, and the code: "vector<int> visited(maxx,0);", i can't in C#, it error.
I'm sorry,...
I code a algorithm by C++(Breadth first search), i'm fluent C++, but i'm learning C#, so i don't know function or keyword between it, i need convert to learning and searching, can you help convert...
Oh, help....now, i haven't got it, >"<
And now, i'm still stuck, >"<
Yeah, that's right, i want it like same:
30205
I want my rectangle is painted like this picture, add timer? Yes, i think it, and try, but not result well, maybe i code wrong, can you?
Thanks for care, but my problem still not solved, :sick:
And this's Project
I write Coloring algorithm FloodFill and that ok's, it's work. I can description it: choose a new point X in your drawings, ex: g.drawrectangle(new pen(Color.Blue), 100,100,200,50) , Asolute, a point...
Thanks you very much, it solved
Oh, that right, thank you. So, in addtion, i have a question: could i have use bitmap in graphics c#, how benefits? it smooth than on form, panel, hub????
Yes, thank you, very very, i will learn
I reconized: the picturebox only transparent on form, addition can not any more control. So, can i make it woule be? Picturebox can transparent with some control?, like Picturebox transparent on...
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Holy cow, I wrote a book!
Occasionally, somebody asks for a way to reserve user-mode
address space globally. In other words, they want to allocate
address space in all processes in the system (current and future).
Typically this is because they want to map some memory into
each process and don't want to go through the trouble of designing
the shared memory blocks so that they can be relocated.
This is obviously not possible.
Why obviously? Well, imagine if this were possible.
"Imagine if this were possible" is one of the logic tests you
can apply to a theory to see if it can possibly be true.
Here, we're using it to determine whether a proposed behavior
is possible. [Typo fixed 10am.]
(There is a corresponding thought experiment,
"Imagine if things actually worked that way.")
What are the consequences of global address space allocation?
Well, first of all, there's no guarantee that by the time you
request your global address space, there will be any available
addresses at all. Consider a program that uses every last scrape
of user-mode address space. (It can do this by just calling
VirtualAlloc(MEM_RESERVE) in a loop; since no memory is being
committed, this doesn't actually require 2GB of RAM.)
Run such a program and no global address space allocations
are possible until that program exits.
VirtualAlloc(MEM_RESERVE)
So even if it were possible, it wouldn't be reliable.
Your program would have to be prepared for the situation where
no global address space was available.
Since you're going to have to write fallback code anyway,
you didn't save yourself any work.
Next, suppose it were possible, that there were some imaginary
GlobalVirtualAlloc function.
Well, then I can write
a program that calls this imaginary function in a loop, sucking up
all available global virtual address space, and run it as a non-administrator.
GlobalVirtualAlloc
I just violated security.
(The general principle here is that a non-administrator should not be
allowed to affect other users.
We've already seen one scenario where a non-administrator can
crash a program running as administrator
due to insecure use of shared memory.)
My imaginary program sucked up all global virtual address space,
reducing the address space available to programs running as
administrator. If there aren't many programs running on the
system, my imaginary program will probably be able to suck up
quite a lot of address space this way, which in turn will cause
a corresponding reduction in address space to those administrative
programs.
I can therefore cause those programs to run out of address space
sooner, resulting in premature failure (denial of service).
Yes, you could decide that "global" address space reservation
is available only to administrators, but that wouldn't help
a lazy programmer, since the program would not work when run
as a non-administrator - you have to write the fallback code anyway.
Or you could decide that "global" address space reservation
applies only to users within the same session with the same security token,
but again, you have to write the fallback code anyway if the global
reservation fails; you didn't save yourself any work.
When the time comes, you can use VirtualAlloc
and pass a preferred address
to try to get the memory at that address; if it fails,
then use the fallback code that you already wrote.
VirtualAlloc
The moral of the story is that each process gets its own address space
and each process manages its address space independently of other
processes.
(Of course, a process can grant a user PROCESS_VM_OPERATION
permission, which gives that user permission to mess with the address
space of that process. But changes to that process's address space
does not affect the address space of other processes.)
PROCESS_VM_OPERATION
I was riding in a car with a friend when a Chinese pop album spun up on the CD. I made a remark about the song, and my friend, knowing that I was studying Mandarin, asked me, "Do you know what she's singing about?"
I immediately replied, "She's singing about love."
"Wow," my friend responded. "Your Chinese is quite good."
"Nope," I said. "But all pop songs are about love."
If somebody asks you what a pop song is about, you can answer "love", and you've got a very high chance of being correct.
There is a flag to
the LoadLibraryEx function
called
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES.
The documentation says,
LoadLibraryEx
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES.
In my opinion, the above text that "suggests" the
LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE flag is not strong enough.
LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES is a time bomb.
Look carefully at what the flag does and doesn't do.
The module is loaded into memory, but its initialization
function is not called and no dependent DLLs are loaded.
[Typo fixed, 10am.]
As a result, you cannot run code from this DLL.
(More accurately, if you try, it will crash because the DLL
hasn't initialized itself and none of its imports to
DLLs have been resolved.)
However, unlike the
LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE flag,
the loaded DLL can be found by
GetModuleHandle and can be used by
GetProcAddress.
GetModuleHandle
GetProcAddress
Clearly, GetProcAddress is a bad idea for
something loaded by
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES, because
as we already noted, you can't run any code from the DLL.
What's the point of getting a procedure address from a DLL
if you can't call it, after all?
The GetModuleHandle part triggers the time bomb.
It is common for somebody to call
GetModuleHandle to see
if a DLL is loaded, and if so, use
GetProcAddress to get a procedure address and
call it. If the DLL had been loaded with
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES, both the
GetModuleHandle will succeed, but the resulting
function will crash when called.
The code doing this has no idea that the DLL was loaded
with
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES; it has no way
of protecting itself.
(Note that code that does this is unsafe anyway, because
the code that originally loaded the DLL might decide to
do a FreeLibrary on another thread, causing
the code to be ripped out from underneath the first thread.
This second problem can be "fixed" by using
GetModuleHandleEx, which can be instructed to
increment the DLL reference count, but that doesn't fix the
first problem.)
FreeLibrary
GetModuleHandleEx
Even if you used LoadLibrary to load the DLL
and passed that handle to GetProcAddress,
you still crash, because the LoadLibrary
notices that the DLL is already loaded and merely increments
the reference count.
LoadLibrary
#include <windows.h>
typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *SXA)(HWND, LPCSTR, LPCSTR,
LPCSTR, LPCSTR, int);
int __cdecl main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
if (argc > 1) // set the time bomb
LoadLibraryEx("shell32.dll", NULL, DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES);
// victim code runs here
HINSTANCE h = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
if (h) {
SXA f = (SXA)GetProcAddress(h, "ShellExecuteA");
if (f) {
f(NULL, NULL, "notepad.exe", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
}
FreeLibrary(h);
}
}
If you run this program with no command line arguments, then
everything works just fine: Notepad is launched without
incident.
However, if you pass a command line argument, this sets the time bomb,
and the call to ShellExecuteA crashes in flames because
shell32.dll was loaded without having its DLL references resolved.
In other words,
DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES is fundamentally flawed
and should be avoided.
It continues to exist solely for backwards compatibility..
We.
IsIconic
WM_QUERYOPEN
OpenIcon
The OpenIcon function is just an
old-fashioned way of saying ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_NORMAL),
in the same way that
the CloseWindow function
(dating back to Windows 1.0)
is an extremely old-fashioned way of saying
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_MINIMIZE).
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_NORMAL)
CloseWindow
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_MINIMIZE)
The.
GetMessage
PeekMessage.
You may have noticed that the numerical value of the
DS_SHELLFONT flag is equal to
DS_FIXEDSYS | DS_SET?
It indicates that you want the Windows 2000 default shell font.
But that doesn't mean that you're going to get it.
In order to indicate that you would like the "Windows 2000" look
for your dialog,
you have to do three things and hope for a fourth:
DIALOG.
Earlier, Eric Lippert discussed
one scenario where breadth-first searching is better than
depth-first searching. Today, I'll tell you about another.
If you go back to the old MS-DOS file enumeration functions,
you'll find that there is a "Find first file" function and
a "Find next file" function, but no "Find close" function.
That's because the MS-DOS file enumeration functions maintained
all their state in the find structure. The FAT file system
was simple enough that the necessary search state fit in the
reserved bytes and no external locking was necessary to
accomplish the enumeration.
(If you did something strange like delete a directory while
there was an active enumeration on it, then the enumeration
would start returning garbage. It was considered the program's
responsibility not to do that.
Life is a lot easier when you are a single-tasking system.)
However, moving these functions
to a network protocol or a non-FAT file system
created problems.
When enumerating files over a network, the server
needs to allocate additional memory to track the
enumeration, memory which it needs to free when the
enumeration is complete.
Similarly, non-FAT file systems may have additional state
to track that (1) doesn't fit in
the reserved space in the find structure,
(2) shouldn't be stored in the reserved space
(because it would compromise security),
or (3) can't be stored in the reserved
space (because the kernel needs to update it asynchronously
when the state of the directory changes).
Since MS-DOS has no "Find close" function, how do these
alternate file systems know when it is safe to free the
memory associated with the file search?
[Context clarified - 10am]
Clairevoyance is not yet a viable option,
so the file system is forced to guess.
Typically, a file enumeration is considered
"abandoned" if it is not used for "a long time" or if
too many pending file enumerations are in progress.
Let's see how depth-first search compares to breadth-first search
on these points.
In a typical depth-first search, you recurse into a subdirectory
as soon as you see it.
Thus, if you are, say, six levels deep in
recursion, you will have six active enumerations, one for each
level. The most recent one is most active, and the one at the root
is least active.
This means that the enumeration at the root is likely to be
considered "abandoned" by the server because it hasn't been
used for the longest time, and because there is a lot of other
enumeration activity going on in the meantime.
On the other hand, with a breadth-first search,
when a directory is found, it is not
processed immediately but is rather put on a list for later
consideration.
Consequently, there is only one active enumeration, and it
runs to completion before the next enumeration begins.
This means that the enumeration is unlikely to be considered
"abandoned" by the server.
This problem is not purely theoretical.
If you performed a depth-first search on a large directory tree
on a network server from a MS-DOS program,
you often found that the enumeration
ended prematurely because the older enumerations became abandoned
by the server.
You also saw this from a Win32 program
if you were enumerating against an older network server that was
designed for MS-DOS clients (and which therefore doesn't implement FindClose).
You can still use depth-first enumeration while avoiding the
abandonment problem. Instead of recursing into a directory
immediately after enumerating it, save it on a list. When you
are finished enumerating the files in a directory, go back
and process the list. You're still enumerating depth-first,
but you are delaying the recursive call until after the directory
enumeration has completed.
Explorer uses this "delayed recursion" trick to avoid the problem
of prematurely-terminated enumerations when walking through directories
on these old servers.
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http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2005/02.aspx?PageIndex=2
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What makes a good test?
Outline of this article
Pt 1: Why do we write tests?
* To prove our code works
* To protect our code from breaking when we work on it
* To document behavior
* To help make design decisions
Pt 2: Testing practices
* TDD
* Watch mode
Pt 3: Testing React
* Recommended libraries
* Snapshots vs assertions
* Rules of thumb for assertions
* Rules of thumb for snapshots
* Black Box testing
* What is the public API for a React component?
* What is not part of the public API for a React component?
Pt 4: More testing practices
* Testing async code
* Testing library code
* Quotes about testing
Why do we write tests?
- To prove our code works
- To protect our code from breaking when we work on it
- To document behavior
- To help make design decisions
To prove our code works
- Tests should capture the intent of a feature by describing desired behavior.
If you are working from a spec, user story, or design doc, the acceptance criteria are a good starting point for a test suite.
- Tests should cover not only the “happy path” but also ensure that empty states, missing data, and bad data are handled safely. If a function can throw an error, tests should validate the error.
Example: describing what the app should do
describe('MyList', () => { test( 'should sort alphabetically when the "name" header is clicked' ) })
describe('An admin', () => { describe('with no teams', () => { test('should see the empty teams page') test('should see the New Team button') }) describe('with existing teams', () => { test('should a list of teams') }) })
To protect our code from breaking when we work on it
A comprehensive test suite allows us to move quickly:
I’ve seen the continuous delivery process running smoothly at dozens of organizations — but I’ve never seen it work anywhere without a quality array of test suites that includes both unit tests and functional tests, and frequently includes integration tests, as well.
— Eric Elliot
Example: describing expected states
import Header from "./Header";
it("should render signed out by default", () => { expect.assertions(2)
const tree = mount(<Header />); const markers = { in: tree.find({"data-test": "signedin"}), out: tree.find({"data-test": "signedout"}) }; expect(markers.in).toHaveLength(0); expect(markers.out).toHaveLength(1); });
To document behavior
Sometimes tests are the only place a function is fully documented. This is particular true of edge cases that might not show up in normal usage. Make sure to cover those cases! Snapshots in particular can help quickly document a range of possible scenarios (at the loss of specificity).
Example
describe('Component states', () => { test("loading state snapshot should match", () => { const snap = shallow(<Foo loading />); expect(snap).toMatchSnapshot(); });
test("empty state snapshot should match", () => { const snap = shallow(<Foo items={[]} />); expect(snap).toMatchSnapshot(); });
it("happy path state snapshot should match", () => { const snap = shallow(<Foo items={dummyItemsList} />); expect(snap).toMatchSnapshot(); });
it("error state snapshot should match", () => { const snap = shallow(<Foo items={dummyInvalidItemsList} />); expect(snap).toMatchSnapshot(); }); })
To help make design decisions
Writing tests early in the development process helps to clarify the relationships between components and identify problems like coupling, hard-to-use APIs, and separation-of-concerns violations.
Test-Driven Development
Test-driven development (TDD) advocates recommend writing tests before code: Write a test, then write just the code to make it pass; write another test, make it pass, and so on, one assertion at a time. Even if you aren’t practicing TDD it’s a good idea to be aware of the practice and what it is trying to achieve.
Watch Mode
It’s a good idea to use your test runner’s “watch mode” to continuously run tests while you work. In Jest you can pass a flag: jest --watch. Many editors also have plugins to display test output within the IDE.
Testing React
Recommended Libraries
- Jest — test runner, assertions, mocks
- Update 2018–07–02: I now recommend react-testing-library over Enzyme for testing components
- Sinon — stubs and mocks (Jest has built-ins for some of this functionality so you might not need it)
yarn add --dev jest react-testing-library sinon
Render components:
// importing renderers for snapshotting and DOM assertions import { render } from "react-testing-library";
Snapshots vs Assertions
Jest comes with a toMatchSnapshot expectation lets you compare a data structure to a stored copy that is checked into source control. Snapshots have advantages: They are easy to create, easy to update, and can act as a red flag if updating one component causes snapshots in other areas to fail. On the other hand, it's very easy to accidentally update a snapshot without verifying that the change makes sense. It's also hard to tell exactly what details are important in a snapshot and which aren't, whereas focused assertions can allow implementation changes while still preventing regressions.
Rule of thumb for assertions:
- Interact with the DOM the way users do — using semantic HTML targets, label text, and ARIA attributes. If none of those make sense, use test markers (such as data-test="xyz") instead of targeting id or CSS classes.
- Don’t couple the test to the implementation — the test shouldn’t fail when something happens that a user wouldn’t notice, like adding a wrapper element or tweaking a class name. Note: If you don’t want to ship unused data-attributes to production, there are Babel plugins to remove properties from React components.
Rules of thumb for snapshots:
- Keep snapshots small enough that they can be verified manually. A huge snapshot diff is more likely to get updated without a close look.
- Open the snapshot files to make sure you aren’t snapshotting a loading state or empty element unintentionally.
- Run in watch mode while working with snapshots so that you are making small changes instead of big, monolithic updates.
- Don’t forget to hydrate components with mock data — -a snapshot of a component without most of its props is not a realistic representation of how it is used in the app.
“Black Box” Testing
Tests should use public APIs. This means that tests use the same interfaces as “real” (application) code.
A component under test should be treated as a “black box” that takes inputs and returns outputs; the test should verify that, given a certain input or combination of inputs, the correct output comes out.
What is the public API for a React Component?
Inputs
Outputs
- Rendered UI/DOM elements
- How callbacks from props are handled: whether or not they were called, called with what arguments, etc.
- Events emitted
What is not part of the public API for a React Component?
Not Inputs
- ❌ Values from component state
- ❌ Component instance APIs: setState
- ❌ Lifecycle APIs: componentWillMount, etc.
Not Outputs
- ❌ Internal state/state changes
- ❌ Lifecycle methods being called
Testing Async Code
Testing async code requires special care to ensure that all of the assertions actually run. Jest tests can be set up to fail if the number of received assertions doesn’t match the expected number with a special expectation: expect.assertions(count). Jest will also fail a test that returns a rejected Promise.
If you are testing error handling behavior it is extra important to add the assertion count so that returning a resolved Promise does not make the test pass without running the .catch code and its assertions.
Callback style with done it("should get item from API", done => { expect.assertions(1) // ⚠️ fetch('/url/1') .then(data => expect(data).toHaveLength(1); done) .catch(err => done) })
Returning a Promise it("should get item from API", () => { return fetch('/url/1') .then(data => expect(data).toHaveLength(1)) })
Using async/await syntax with Promises it("should get item from API", async () => { const data = await fetch('/url/1') expect(data).toHaveLength(1) })
Testing error handling with async/await it("should not get item when unauthorized", async () => { expect.assertions(1) // ⚠️ try { const data = await fetch('/url/2') } catch(err) { expect(err.message).toEqual('Not Authorized') } })
Testing Library Code
Avoid writing unit tests that would be covered by a library’s own test suite. Functional/end-to-end tests against the app in a staging environment act as a sanity check against these assumptions, ensuring that both libraries and app code work.
- ❌ Verifying that a component receives new props after calling a Redux action (this just tests that connect works)
- ❌ Confirming that a function call is delayed using a utility library like Lodash _.debounce
- ❌ Checking that a React lifecycle method (i.e., componentDidMount) is called
Quotes About Testing
What Every Unit Test Needs (Eric Elliot)
The tests should halt the delivery pipeline on failure and produce a good bug report when they fail.
Tautological Tests (Randy Coulman)
Never write test code that assumes it knows how the method under test should be implemented.
See also Tautological Tests (Fabio Pereira)
Behavior-Driven Development (Wikipedia)
Behavior-driven development specifies that tests of any unit of software should be specified in terms of the desired behavior of the unit. The “desired behavior” in this case consists of the requirements set by the business.
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https://hackernoon.com/what-makes-a-good-test-dff3df6058a2
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Curses and Ncurses or whatevs.
So I was wondering how to make slightly less wonky command line programs. Sometimes they aren’t. Like top or nano or vi and stuff.
I think the answer is curses,
I basically read this
Here’s a short example program that I think sort of demonstrates enough to get you going.
Press q to quit
z, r, and p do stuff.
Very curious that you have to do this sequence of build up and tear down or else it freaks. Ctrl-c does exits nicely due to that bit of code about signals. Ctrl-c send SIGINT signal
import curses stdscr = curses.initscr() curses.start_color() curses.noecho() curses.cbreak() stdscr.keypad(1) import signal import sys def signal_handler(signal, frame): curses.nocbreak(); stdscr.keypad(0); curses.echo() curses.endwin() print('You pressed Ctrl+C!') sys.exit(0) signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler) begin_x = 20; begin_y = 7 height = 5; width = 40 win = curses.newwin(height, width, begin_y, begin_x) #curses.init_pair(1, curses.COLOR_RED, curses.COLOR_WHITE) while 1: c = stdscr.getch() if c == ord('p'): stdscr.addstr("Pretty text", curses.color_pair(0)) stdscr.refresh() elif c == ord('q'): break # Exit the while() elif c == curses.KEY_HOME: x = y = 0 elif c == ord('r'): stdscr.addstr(0, 0, "Current mode: Typing mode", curses.A_REVERSE) stdscr.refresh() elif c == ord('z'): stdscr.addstr(20, 20, "I AM YOUR GOD", curses.A_BLINK) stdscr.refresh() curses.nocbreak(); stdscr.keypad(0); curses.echo() curses.endwin()
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https://www.philipzucker.com/curses-and-ncurses/
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Microsoft .NET Framework Resource Basics
Chris Sells
Sells Brothers Consulting
February 3, 2003
Summary: Chris Sells discusses untyped manifest resources and typed resources, which are the two kinds of resources supported by the Microsoft .NET Framework. He defines both resources and shows you how to use them in your own applications. (12 printed pages)
Download the winforms02202003.exe sample file.
Imagine setting the background image of a form in your application by loading a bitmap from a file:
The problem with this code is that not all installations of Microsoft Windows® will have Azul.jpg, and even those that do may not have it in the same place. Even if you shipped this picture with your application, a space-conscious user may decide to remove it, causing your application to fault. The only safe way to make sure that the picture, or any file, stays with code is to embed it and load it as a resource.
Manifest Resources
Resources are added to an assembly at compile-time. For example, if you were using the command-line compiler, you can embed a resource using the /resource switch:
The /resource switch embeds a file as a resource, using the name of the file (without the path) as the name of the resource. The file gets embedded into the assembly's set of manifest resources. The manifest of an assembly is composed of a set of metadata that's part of the assembly. Part of that metadata is the name and data associated with each embedded resource. You can see a list of an assembly's manifest resources in the Manifest section when executing ildasm as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. ildasm showing an embedded resource
You can enumerate the list of manifest resources, as ildasm is doing, using the GetManifestResourceNames method of the System.Reflection.Assembly class:
Once you know the name of a manifest resource, either by enumerating them or by hard-coding the one you want, it can be loaded as a raw stream of bytes through the GetManifestResourceStream method of the Assembly class as follows:
using System.IO; public Form1() { ... // Get this type's assembly Assembly assem = this.GetType().Assembly; // Get the stream that holds the resource // NOTE1: Make sure not to close this stream! // NOTE2: Also be very careful to match the case // on the resource name itself Stream stream = assem.GetManifestResourceStream("Azul.jpg"); // Load the bitmap from the stream this.BackgroundImage = new Bitmap(stream); }
Because resources can collide just as type names can, it's a good idea to embed resources with their own "namespace," which can be accomplished using an extended form of the /resource switch:
Notice that use of an alternate resource name after the comma of the file name to be embedded. The alternate resource name allows you to provide arbitrarily period-nested names for resources, regardless of the name of the file. It's the alternate name that makes it into the assembly, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. An embedded resource with an alternate name
The following is the updated code to load a resource using the alternate name:
As a further convenience, if you happen to use the same namespace for both the resource and the class loading the resource, you can pass the type of the class as the optional first argument to GetManifestResourceStream:
namespace ResourcesApp { public class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { ... // Get this type's assembly Assembly assem = this.GetType().Assembly; // Load the resource using a namespace // Will load resource named "ResourcesApp.Azul.jpg" Stream stream = assem.GetManifestResourceStream(this.GetType(), "Azul.jpg"); // Load the bitmap from the stream this.BackgroundImage = new Bitmap(stream); } ... } }
GetManifestResourceStream will compose the resource name using the following format:
The use of a type and a file name is also useful for loading certain types, like the Bitmap class, which provide a constructor that saves you from opening the stream yourself:
Manifest Resources in Visual Studio .NET
In case, like most of the world, you use Visual Studio®.NET to develop and build your assemblies, the command line method of embedding manifest resources is unlikely to be very attractive to you. In that case, you can add a resource to a Windows Forms project, which will pass the appropriate command line arguments to the compiler for you.
To add a resource to a project, right-click on your project in the Solution Explorer, choose Add New Item and choose the file you'd like to embed as a resource. The file will be copied into your project's directory, but will still not be embedded. To cause the file to be embedded as a resource, right-click on the file and choose Properties, then change the Build Action from Content (the default) to Embedded Resource, as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Setting a file's Build Action to Embedded Resource
This method of embedding a resource causes Visual Studio .NET to create an alternate resource name for you composed like so:
The default namespace portion of the resource name is the default namespace of the project itself, as set through the Solution Explorer-><projectName>(right-click)->Properties->Common Properties->General->Default Namespace. Since this is the same namespace that new classes get when being generated, this makes loading resources using a type and a partial resource name convenient. If the file happens to be in a sub-folder of your project, you'll need to include that in the folder name, replacing the back-slashes with dots. For example, a bitmap named Azul.jpg in the foo\bar folder under the root of the project will need to be loaded like so:
Typed Resources
Manifest resources are embedded with no type information, despite the extension on the file. For example, if the name of the Azul.jpg file was actually Azul.quux that would make no difference to the Bitmap class, which is looking at the data itself for the type (JPEG, PNG, GIF, and so on). It's up to you to properly map the type of each resource to the type of the object needed to load that resource.
However, you can tag your resources with a type if you're willing to take an extra step. The .NET Framework supports an extended set of metadata for a resource that includes MIME type information in two formats, one text and one binary. Both of these formats have readers built-in so that you can pull out the properly typed resources at runtime.
The text-based format is a .NET Framework-specific XML format called ResX (.resx files). In spite of its XML basis, this format is not meant for humans (as few XML formats are). However, Visual Studio .NET does provide a rudimentary editor for .resx files. To add a new .resx file to your Visual Studio .NET project, choose Add New Item from the Project menu and pick the Assembly Resource File template, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Adding a .resx file to a project
As of this writing, even an empty .resx file is 42 lines of XML, most of which is the schema information. The schema allows for any number of entries in the .resx file, each of which has a name, value, comment, type, and MIME type. Figure 5 shows a .resx file with two entries, a string named MyString and an image named MyImage.
Figure 5. A simple .resx file in the Data view of the Designer
Unfortunately, only the string entry could actually be edited from within the Data view of the .resx editor. Any binary data needs to be entered by hand directly into the XML (and base64-encoded at that). For this reason, direct use of .resx files is only useful for string resources (although indirect usage makes .resx files very useful for any kind of data, as we'll see later).
The ResXResourceReader class from the System.Resources namespace parses the XML file and exposes a set of named, typed values. Pulling out a specific entry requires finding it:
using System.Collections; using System.Resources; ... public Form1() { ... using( ResXResourceReader reader = new ResXResourceReader(@"Resource1.resx") ) { foreach( DictionaryEntry entry in reader ) { if( entry.Key.ToString() == "MyString" ) { // Set form caption from string resource this.Text = entry.Value.ToString(); } } } }
Using the Add New Item dialog to add a .resx file to a project causes it to be added as an Embedded Resource, and building the project causes the .resx data to be embedded as nested resources, that is resources grouped into a named container. The name of the container is the same as any file added as a resource, except that instead of a .resx extension, there's a .resource extension. Assuming a project's default namespace of ResourcesApp and a .resx file named Resources1.resx, the container of nested resources is named ResourcesApp.Resources1.resx as shown in ildasm in Figure 6.
Figure 6. An embedded .resources file
The .resources extension comes from the tool that Visual Studio .NET uses on the .resx file before embedding it as a resource. The name of the tool is resgen.exe and it's used to "compile" the .resx XML format to a binary format. You can compile a .resx file into a .resources file manually like so:
Once you've compiled a .resx file into a .resources file, you can enumerate it using the ResourceReader from the System.Resources namespace:
Other than the name of the class and the input format, the ResourceReader class usage is identical to ResXResourceReader, including the lack of random access for named entries.
So, while you could turn a .resx file into a .resources file and embed it using the /resource compiler command line switch, it's much easier to simply let Visual Studio .NET take an .resx file marked as an Embedded Resources in your project, compile it into a .resources file, and embed it for you, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 6. Once a .resources file is bundled as a resource, getting to the resource in the .resources file is a two-step process:
// 1. Load embedded .resources file using( Stream stream = assem.GetManifestResourceStream( this.GetType(), "Resource1.resources") ) { // 2. Find resource in .resources file using( ResourceReader reader = new ResourceReader(stream) ) { foreach( DictionaryEntry entry in reader ) { if( entry.Key.ToString() == "MyString" ) { // Set form caption from string resource this.Text = entry.Value.ToString(); } } } }
Because both the ResourceReader and the ResXResourceReader require this two-step process to find a specific resource, the .NET Framework provides the ResourceManager class, which exposes a simpler usage model.
Resource Manager
The ResourceManager class, also from the System.Resources namespace, wraps a ResourceReader, enumerating the resources at construction time and exposing them using their name:
public Form1() { ... // Get this type's assembly Assembly assem = this.GetType().Assembly; // Load the .resources file into the ResourceManager // Assumes a file named "Resource1.resx" as part of the project ResourceManager resman = new ResourceManager("ResourcesApp.Resource1", assem); // Set form caption from string resource this.Text = (string)resman.GetObject("MyString"); // The hard way this.Text = resman.GetString("MyString"); // The easy way }
The naming used to find the .resources file is the same as naming any other kind of resource (notice the use of the project's default namespace appended to the Resource1.resources" file) except that the .resources extension is assumed and cannot be included in the name. As a further convenience, if you happen to name a .resx file with the name of a type, the name of the .resources file and the assembly will be determined from the type:
Once you've created an instance of the resource manager, you can pull out nested resources by name using the GetObject method and casting to the appropriate type. If you're using the .resx file for string resources, you'll want to use the GetString method instead, which performs the cast to the System.String type for you.
Designer Resources
The lack of a decent editor for .resx files makes their use for anything but string resources pretty difficult. Not only do you have to write the code manually to bring the data in at runtime, but the use of resources can't be seen at design-time; for example, the background image of a form.
Luckily, the Designer comes to our rescue once again here. If you open the Visual Studio .NET Solution Explorer and select the Show All Files button, you'll see that each component, whether it's a form, a control, or a simple component, has a corresponding .resx file. This is to keep resources associated with properties of the component, as set in the Property Browser. For example, if you set the BackgroundImage property of a form, not only will the form show the background image in the Designer, but also the form's .resx file will contain an entry for that image. Likewise, if you set the Image property of a PictureBox control on the same form, the .resx file will have grown to include that resource as well. Both of these entries can be seen in Figure 7.
Figure 7. A component's .resx file
Each component's .resx file will be compiled and embedded as a .resources file, just as if you'd added your own .resx file to your project, making the resources available to the component at runtime. In addition to the entries in the component's .resx file, the Designer will add the code to InitializeComponent to load a resource manager for the component and populate the component's properties using the objects pulled from the resources:
namespace ResourcesApp { public class Form1 : Form { ... private void InitializeComponent() { ResourceManager resources = new ResourceManager(typeof(Form1)); ... this.pictureBox1.Image = (System.Drawing.Bitmap)resources.GetObject("pictureBox1.Image"); ... this.BackgroundImage = (System.Drawing.Bitmap)resources.GetObject("$this.BackgroundImage"); ... } } }
Notice that the ResourceManager object is constructed using the type of the component, which is used to construct the .resources resource name for the component. Notice also the naming convention used by the Designer to name resources. For properties on fields of the component, the format of the name is:
For properties on the component itself, the format of the name is:
If you'd like to add custom string properties for use by the component itself, you can do so, but make sure to stay away from the format of the Designer-generated names.
Where Are We?
The Microsoft .NET Framework supports two kinds of resources—untyped manifest resources and typed resources. Visual Studio .NET supports untyped manifest resources by setting a file's Build Action to Embedded Resource, and supports typed resources through .resx files, either custom files or as the backing store for component resources. Manifest resources have the benefit that they're directly editable in the IDE, while typed resources require extraordinary effort to edit, but provide typed access. Both resource types have some stringent naming requirements, so be extra careful when you compose method calls to load them.
Note This material is excerpted from the forthcoming Addison-Wesley title: Windows Forms Programming in C# by Chris Sells (0321116208). Please note the material presented here is an initial DRAFT of what will appear in the published book..
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https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms950960.aspx
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refinedweb
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IE, Firefox conflict.
Discussion in 'HTML' started by DLU, Nov 24,
namespace's conflictRuslan, Jan 25, 2005, in forum: ASP .Net
- Replies:
- 2
- Views:
- 2,393
- netnews.microsoft.com
- Mar 1, 2005
Session variables conflictMatt, Aug 13, 2003, in forum: ASP .Net
- Replies:
- 3
- Views:
- 769
- Michael Pearson
- Aug 14, 2003
Conflict with dependency on build=?Utf-8?B?RGF2ZQ==?=, Oct 27, 2004, in forum: ASP .Net
- Replies:
- 0
- Views:
- 907
- =?Utf-8?B?RGF2ZQ==?=
- Oct 27, 2004
Firefox div width conflict, Aug 13, 2007, in forum: HTML
- Replies:
- 6
- Views:
- 660
- Neredbojias
- Aug 14, 2007
css conflict (or html conflict)charles cashion, Feb 18, 2009, in forum: HTML
- Replies:
- 2
- Views:
- 843
- charles cashion
- Feb 18, 2009
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http://www.thecodingforums.com/threads/ie-firefox-conflict.645807/
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CC-MAIN-2015-06
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refinedweb
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Red Hat Bugzilla – Bug 438414
directory /proc/PID/task contains "0" entries
Last modified: 2009-01-09 02:44:13 EST
Description of problem:
Under what I'll call moderate process load (I suspect frysk's testsuite actually
generates high processor/task load) the directory /proc/PID/task is found to
contain "0" named (the string zero) dirent entries.
Here's a trace lifted from running frysk's testsuite:
Running testTerminateKillINT(frysk.proc.TestTaskTerminateObserver) ...WARNING:
00:00:48.970 11317.11317 frysk.sys.proc.ProcBuilder: /proc/13589/task contains
bad pid: 0
ERROR
this is new behavior and is occurring on:
$ uname -a
Linux morgan 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 #1 SMP Wed Mar 12 16:51:49 EDT 2008 x86_64 x86_64
x86_64 GNU/Linux
Possibly caused by PID namespaces being enabled. They are disabled starting with
2.6.24.4-63, so see if that fixes this bug.
kernel-2.6.24.4-63.fc8 has been submitted as an update for Fedora 8
kernel-2.6.24.4-64.fc8 has been submitted as an update for Fedora 8
(In reply to comment #1)
> Possibly caused by PID namespaces being enabled. They are disabled starting with
> 2.6.24.4-63, so see if that fixes this bug.
What do you mean by PID namespaces? Would there be a pointer to the patch?
CONFIG_PID_NS in the upstream kernel enables a containers feature..
config PID_NS
bool "PID Namespaces (EXPERIMENTAL)"
default n
depends on NAMESPACES && EXPERIMENTAL
Suport process id namespaces. This allows having multiple
process with the same pid as long as they are in different
pid namespaces. This is a building block of containers.
The containers stuff still seems to be in a state of flux, and afaik there's no
distro integration done yet, so this feature being disabled should have no
negative effect.
Does kernel -64 fix this bug?
kernel-2.6.24.4-64.fc8 has been pushed to the Fedora 8 stable repository. If problems still persist, please make note of it in this bug report.
I've noticed regressions via the Frysk testsuite:
My kernel:
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.24.5-85.fc8 #1 SMP Sat Apr 19 11:18:09 EDT 2008
x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Regression:
2)
testAddthenDeleteWatchpoint(frysk.proc.TestTaskObserverWatchpoint)java.lang.RuntimeException:
/proc/$$/task contains bad pid (pid 0)
at frysk.sys.proc.ProcBuilder.scan(TestRunner)
at frysk.sys.proc.ProcBuilder.construct(TestRunner)
at frysk.sys.proc.ProcBuilder.construct(TestRunner)
at frysk.testbed.TearDownProcess.tearDown(TestRunner)
at frysk.testbed.TestLib.tearDown(TestRunner)
at frysk.junit.Runner.runCases(TestRunner)
at frysk.junit.Runner.runTestCases(TestRunner)
at TestRunner.main(TestRunner)
See comment #9, still seeing the problem.
Still happening in 2.6.25.4.
|
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=438414
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jGuru Forums
Posted By:
Chris_B
Posted On:
Tuesday, February 12, 2002 02:07 AM
I have a DLL and a native class that I want to distribute in a JAR package. The first question is, is it possible to have the VM load my DLL from inside of the JAR file?
I have built the native java class and declared it as:
package com.xxxx.yyyy;
public class zzzz
I have then compiled it using Javac with the -d option to create the file comxxxxyyyyzzzz.class.
I have run Javah from the base of the tree and created the H file called com_xxxx_yyyy_zzzz.h. This has the fully qualified stubs in it.
The DLL builds fine - and then the fun starts. I build my test program using javac -classpath . and I run it using java -classpath . with the DLL in the same directory as the test program. This works. If I package up the native class into a JAR and put it in the ext directory under the JRE, then it compiles but at run time I get an unsatisfiedLinkError.
Can't seem to get past this, and I have no idea how to get it to load the DLL from inside the JAR if this is even possible.
Any Clues?
Chris B
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http://www.jguru.com/forums/view.jsp?EID=755546
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TextAreaTextFitProperties
Since: BlackBerry 10.2.0
#include <bb/cascades/TextAreaTextFitProperties>
Represents the auto fit properties of a TextArea.
The TextAreaTextFitProperties configures how the TextArea content adapts its size to the TextArea size)
float
The maximum font size value.
For each control the default maximum font size value is defined at system level. The system value takes precedence if maxFontSizeValue is bigger than system one.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
float
The minimum font size value.
This indicates the minimum font size in post script units.
The default value is -1.0 which means that the system default value will be used instead.
If both minFontSizeValue and maxFontSizeValue are specified then maxFontSizeValue must be greater than or equal to minFontSizeValue.
For each control the default minimal font size value is defined at system level. The system value takes precedence if minFontSizeValue is less than system one.
BlackBerry 10.2)
float
Returns the maximum font size value.
The maximum font size value.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
float
Returns the minimum font size value.
The minimum font size value.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
Q_SLOT void
Resets maxFontSizeValue to its default value.
The default value is -1.0.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
Q_SLOT void
Resets minFontSizeValue to its default value.
The default value is -1.0.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
Q_SLOT void
Sets the maximum font size value.
The value must be -1.0, 0.0f or positive otherwise it will be ignored. Use resetMaxFontSizeValue() to reset the property to the default value.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
Q_SLOT void
Sets the minimum font size value.
The value must be -1.0, 0.0f or positive otherwise it will be ignored. Use resetMinFontSizeValue() to reset the property to the default value.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
void
Sets the objectName property.
BlackBerry 10.0.0
Protected Functions
(Only has inherited protected functions)
Constructs an instance of BaseObject's subclass.
BlackBerry 10.0.0
Signals
(Only has inherited signals)<<
Emitted when the maxFontSizeValue is changed.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
void
Emitted when the minFontSizeValue is changed.
BlackBerry 10.2.0
void
This signal is emitted when the objectName property is changed.
QObject, BaseObject::objectName.
BlackBerry 10.0.0
Got questions about leaving a comment? Get answers from our Disqus FAQ.comments powered by Disqus
|
https://developer.blackberry.com/native/reference/cascades/bb__cascades__textareatextfitproperties.html
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0
i am writing a decryption program that reads a file from another project solution and decrypts it then writes it to a new file in its own project folder. For some reason when i try and read the file in the program says that file doesn't exist. Im pretty sure its not the path because i select the file i want to take the information from and i got its path from its properties. I dont know what might be wrong. Here is my code:
#include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { const int SIZE = 61; char fileName[SIZE]; fstream inFile ("C:\Users\Chris\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\ChrisCaldwell_Ch12_Encrypt\ChrisCaldwell_Ch12_Encrypt\nameEncrypt.txt", ios::in | ios::out); char ch; ofstream outFile("newName.txt"); /*cout << "Please give the name for the file to be decrypted?"; cin >> fileName;*/ //inFile.open("C:\Users\Chris\Desktop\ChrisCaldwell_Ch12_Encrypt\ChrisCaldwell_Ch12_Encrypt\nameEncrypt.txt", ios::in); if(!inFile) { cout << "Cannot open the file. Sorry!!!" << endl; return 0; } inFile.get(ch); while(!inFile.eof()) { outFile.put((ch - 5)); inFile.get(ch); } inFile.close(); outFile.close(); cout << "File decryption is done.\n"; return 0; }
|
https://www.daniweb.com/programming/software-development/threads/360208/decryption-program-error
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My actual scenario involves a custom module loader where the modules are published are completely immutable (it ends up publishing an object which isn't a subtype of module). It can still have normal Python modules as a child which aren't immutable, so they could still be patched by Mock (or it could have immutable sub-packages which Mock wouldn't be able to patch).
So imagine something like this:
immutable_package\__init__.py
__immutable__ = True
x = 2
immutable_package\x.py
y = 2
Doing a "from immutable_package import x" would normally publish "x" as a child onto the package. But because the package is immutable, this is impossible, and the assignment is ignored with a warning.
When Mock gets a call to patch on something like "immutable_package.x.y", it's not going to find x, even though if I were to write "from immutable_package.x import y" or "from immutable_package import x" it would succeed.
Cases can be contrived without all of this though where the child isn't published on it's parent, but it requires
x/__init__.py
from x.pkg import child
x/pkg/__init__.py:
x = 1
x/pkg/child.py:
from unittest.mock import patch
y = 42
@patch('x.pkg.child.y', 100)
def f():
print(y)
f()
"python -m x" will fail without the patch but succeed with it.
|
https://bugs.python.org/msg361377
|
CC-MAIN-2022-05
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refinedweb
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| 67.45
|
Opened 7 years ago
Closed 7 years ago
#2639 closed Bug (Fixed)
Unable to Copy/Paste from Embedded IE object
Description
This issue was reported in the Help and Support forum. Since an upgrade from 3.3.8.1, OP is unable to copy and paste from an embedded IE object. This has been verified by several members and MVPs; it works in 3.3.8.1, stops working in 3.3.10.0, and does not work in latest Beta 3.3.11.3. Reproducer is below.
#include <misc.au3> #include <Array.au3> #include <IE.au3> HotKeySet("{ESC}", "Close") Local $TOOLS[10] Global Enum $output1,$output2,$output3,$output4 $TOOLS[1] = "one" $TOOLS[2] = "two" #include <GUIConstantsEx.au3> Opt("GUIOnEventMode", 1) GUICreate("Embedded IE Test", 640, 480, -1, -1) GUISetOnEvent($GUI_EVENT_CLOSE, "Close") Global $oIE = ObjCreate("Shell.Explorer.2") GUICtrlCreateObj($oIE, 0, 0, 640, 480) GUISetState(@SW_SHOW) $oIE.navigate("") While 1 sleep(100) WEnd Func Close() ControlClick("Embedded IE Test", "", "[CLASS:Internet Explorer_Server; INSTANCE:1]") Sleep(200) Send("^a") Sleep(200) Send("^c") Run("Notepad.exe") WinWait("Untitled - Notepad") WinActivate("Untitled - Notepad") Sleep(200) Send("^v") Exit EndFunc
Attachments (0)
Change History (1)
comment:1 Changed 7 years ago by Jon
- Milestone set to 3.3.13.18
- [10936] in version: 3.3.13.18
|
https://www.autoitscript.com/trac/autoit/ticket/2639
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Examines file paths found in ensemble data files (.pve) and creates readers that can read those files. More...
#include <vtkSMEnsembleDataReaderProxy.h>
Examines file paths found in ensemble data files (.pve) and creates readers that can read those files.
Sets the correct reader for each file on the corresponding VTK object.
Definition at line 29 of file vtkSMEnsembleDataReaderProxy.h.
Definition at line 32 of file vtkSMEnsembleDataReaderProxy.h.
Update the VTK object on the server by pushing the values of all modified properties (un-modified properties are ignored).
If the object has not been created, it will be created first..
Definition at line 44 of file vtkSMEnsembleDataReaderProxy.h.
|
https://kitware.github.io/paraview-docs/v5.9.0/cxx/classvtkSMEnsembleDataReaderProxy.html
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At present, to get a log4j logger you call a static method on the LoggerClass.
However, a J2eeComponent running inside a J2eeContainer really should be getting all of its services from JavaJndi, that is: any means by which it interacts with the outside world.
What log4j needs, then is a "resource archive" (.RAR) and some protocols.
So I suggest the following:
Components running inside a container should access log4j by asking JNDI for the name java:comp/log4j. They MUST NOT call the static methods on LoggerClass.
JNDI will return a factory object that acts like a J2EE connection pool or a java.sql.DataSource. You "ask" this object for a Logger.
The factory object will implement, say, LoggerSource. It will have methods getLogger(), getLogger(String), and getLogger(Class).
Loggers fetched from a LoggerSource MUST NOT be kept across TransactionBoundaries.
Components MUST NOT use addAppender, callAppenders, setLevel, setPriority etc. These methods MAY throw an UnsupportedOperationException
- Component writers SHOULD copoerate with deployers to decide on contexts
Component writers SHOULD avoid the use of getLogger(Class). Instead, they should use a short context string on the understanding that it will function within a namespace provided by the LoggerSource
Now, at present we can write a connector that does nothing by call the existing Logger static methods. The important thing is to establish the use of LoggerSource and the JNDI name.
Once that is in place, then we can look at things like:
- configurators that allow one to remap output on a bean by bean basis
- configurators that redirect different EARs running in the same JVM to different places
- vendor specific configurators that do hot redirecting of logger streams, that are operated by the various vendor consoles
- Appenders and formatters that are aware of transactions
- * that "untangle" lines coming from different transactions and group them together
- * formatters that "tree structure" nested transactions
- * and that mark subtransactions that are rolled back and comitted
In concert with this, accesses to the filesystem ought also be done by JNDI. GPS Tracker Mobil | GPS Tracking Kapal | GPS Tracker Orang
|
http://wiki.apache.org/logging-log4j/J2EE?action=diff
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refinedweb
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I'm using "ODK" integeration in one of my django project.
I'm getting a json format from a response(request.body) in a django view which is in the way that all the keys in it are non-string.
ex :
{
key1 : "value1",
key2 : "value2"
}
{
token: "testauthtoken",
content: "record",
formId: "maintenance_ct",
formVersion: "",
}
As others have pointed out, this is not valid JSON, for two reasons: the unquoted key names, and the trailing comma at the end.
Your best bet, if possible, would be to fix the server code that generates this to produce correct JSON instead. Perhaps that code is creating the "JSON" by manually pasting strings together? If so, you could change it to use
json.dumps() instead, so it produces valid JSON.
Failing that, you could preprocess the "JSON" text to surround the key names with quotes and to remove the trailing comma. This can be a bit fragile, but if you know the format of the input data will remain similar, it's one way to do it:
import json, re badJson = ''' { token: "testauthtoken", content: "record", formId: "maintenance_ct", formVersion: "", } ''' print( 'badJson:' ) print( badJson ) goodJson = re.sub( r'\n\s*(\S+)\s*:', r'\n"\1":', badJson ) goodJson = re.sub( r',\s*}', r'\n}', goodJson ) print( 'goodJson:' ) print( goodJson ) goodData = json.loads( goodJson ) print( 'goodData:' ) print( goodData )
This prints:
badJson: { token: "testauthtoken", content: "record", formId: "maintenance_ct", formVersion: "", } goodJson: { "token": "testauthtoken", "content": "record", "formId": "maintenance_ct", "formVersion": "" } goodData: {'formId': 'maintenance_ct', 'content': 'record', 'token': 'testauthtoken', 'formVersion': ''}
When I first wrote this answer I misunderstood the question and provided a JavaScript solution instead of Python. In case this is useful for anyone I'll leave it here:
While the input text is not valid JSON, it is a valid JavaScript object literal. So you can treat it as such and use
eval() to parse it. In fact, this is how libraries such as jQuery parsed JSON in old browsers that didn't support
JSON.parse().
BEWARE: You had best be sure that you trust the source of this data string, since you are treating it as executable code!
// Set up a string like your input data string. // All on one line here so we can use a string constant for testing, // but your multiline data string will work the same. var dataString = '{ token: "testauthtoken", content: "record", formId: "maintenance_ct", formVersion: "", }' // Now use eval() to convert it to a JavaScript object. // We wrap the string in parentheses so it will parse as an expression. var data = eval( '(' + dataString + ')' ); // Finally, we can access the values. console.log( 'token: ', data.token ); console.log( 'content: ', data.content ); console.log( 'formId: ', data.formId ); console.log( 'formVersion: ', data.formVersion );
|
https://codedump.io/share/Iru3ezOL1BX7/1/getting-non-string-value-as-a-json-key-in-python
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Agenda
See also: IRC log
<scribe> Scribe: DanC
<DanC_> minutes 7 Feb
<DanC_> minutes 7 Feb good enough for me
RESOLUTION: to accept minutes 7 Feb
RESOLUTION: to meet again 21 Feb, NDW to scribe
regrets timbl 21 Feb
<DanC_> meeting page
DO: I'm working on the state finding... how about that for the agenda?
DC: suggest moving metadataInURI-31 after the other 3 technical things
NM: if we don't finish least power, it might merit ftf discussion. leave it off for now, if the agenda is fluid.
"Monday 27 February: 13:30 - 17:30 @@@"
some sentiment for 2p, some for 1:30
RESOLUTION: to start at 13:30 on Monday, 27 Feb
NM: did we end up with any liaison meetings scheduled?
VQ: not at this time
Ed: previously we had a "what's important for the coming year" session... shall we do that again?
HT: I prefer the current contents of the agenda to that sort of thing
DC: me too
NM: perhaps make some time to chat with TV, but otherwise, yes, technical topics
TBL: hmm.. indeed, looking forward would be good... do we have a social time scheduled? it's hard to swap between technical topics and looking ahead
DC: perhaps the "what did we learn this week?" session will be sufficient?
HT: I'm constrained to Monday evening for an evening thing
NM: I'll be on US east coast time, so not too late
<scribe> ACTION: VQ organize a monday evening quiet social event [recorded in]
VQ: around 7pm
DC: there's a convention of publishing on /TR/ at least every 3 months. We haven't done it in over a year. I'm inclined to take something and publish it. Maybe the next one we approve... say, didn't we just approve one recently?
NDW: yes, the ns48 finding is approved
TimBL: how about concatenating the approved findings?
DC: that's more work than I'm offering now
<timbl> namespaceState finding
<Ed> list of findings
(norm, I'm inclined to work from the .html only and not bother with the xml)
<noah> Speaking of which, the approved finding link at is to the xml
<timbl> This page contains the following errors:
<timbl> error on line 17 at column 140: Entity 'http-ident' not defined
<timbl> error on line 19 at column 199: Entity 'draft.day' not defined
<timbl> error on line 20 at column 226: Entity 'draft.monthname' not defined
<timbl> error on line 21 at column 247: Entity 'draft.year' not defined
<timbl> error on line 24 at column 283: Entity 'http-ident' not defined
<timbl> error on line 27 at column 370: Entity 'http-ident' not defined
<timbl> error on line 30 at column 431: Entity 'http-ident' not defined
<timbl> error on line 33 at column 488: Entity 'http-ident' not defined
<timbl> Below is a rendering of the page up to the first error.
<Norm> What page was that timbl?
TimbL: good to put all this in the SOTD: (1) it's approved by the tag (2) this is one of many issues in the TAG's list (3) The eventual disposition of this text is not cler, but one possibility is it being integrated wioth other finids into a new AWWW or a second volume AWWW
PROPOSED: to publish as a W3C Working Draft
<Norm> Uhm, with what shortname?
<timbl> TAG-namespaceState
namespaceState
RESOLUTION: to publish as a W3C Working Draft
<scribe> ACTION: NDW to with DanC, publish WD of ns48 finding [recorded in]
VQ: this is just one finding; we'll see what we learn from this
<Norm> What publication date should we use for namespaceState, DanC ?
<DanC_> dunno
<Norm> Returning to the publication of namespaceState, I chose 23 Feb as the publication date because that's the last day before the moritorium.
<DanC_> least power finding, latest version
<DanC_> 13 Feb draft
NM: there has been much www-tag discussion of chomsky hierarchies and complexity...
<noah>or
.
<noah> Indeed, on the Web, the least powerful language that's suitable should usually be chosen. This is The Rule of Least Power:
<noah> Good Practice: Use the least powerful language suitable for expressing information, constraints or programs on the World Wide Web.
HT: why not just say "occam's razor applies to computers too"?
DanC: yes, the principle is 2
lines, but what we add is to relate it to the history of web
technology development.
... e.g. how HTML is and why
TimBL: yes, examples. CSS vs
javascript.
... the fact that you can cascade to CSS stylesheets is a result of a decision to make it declarative
<Zakim> DanC, you wanted to suggest going specific-to-general
<ht> HST doesn't understand why Turning-completeness is bad
<ht> Prolog is Turing-complete, and dead easy to analyze!
<DanC_> hmm... I thought validator.w3.org would be impossible/impractical if the web had used TeX rather than HTML
<ht> SQL is Turing-complete (or close), and probably more analyzed than almost any other language
<Zakim> noah, you wanted to discuss scope of this rewrite...are we thrashing?
the analysis of SQL is precicely on the bits that are *not* turning complete, no?
<raman> belated regrets -- I shamefully admit that I just plain forgot to call in...
<DanC_> VQ, I suggest a straw poll: how many think it's reasonable to approve as is.
<noah> If you have a Turing-complete program, you don't in general know whether it even gets done
<noah> If I have a table in a relational database, or a list of name/value pairs, I don't have that problem.
DC: due to the halting problem, Most of the other things you want to know follow from it.
PROPOSED: to approve "The Rule of Least Power" as 12 Feb draft, incorporating edits agreed by from NDW and NM.
HT: some discomfort, but I concur if others are OK
TBL: likewise, I concur.
RESOLUTION: to approve "The Rule of Least Power" as 12 Feb draft, incorporating edits agreed by from NDW and NM.
<scribe> ACTION: NM to announce approved least power finding, when discussion with NDW concludes [recorded in]
DO: I did some work on
this...
... sent them to the schema WG a few weeks ago
... haven't seen [which?] draft posted as I expected
... I hope to talk with interested people at the TP in France
... so I think this is done
DC: pointer?
HT: getting it public has taken a back seat to other things
NM: I think we have license to make this public already
HT: yes, if you can follow up, that would be fine
<scribe> ACTION: DO to contextualize his scenarios, such as more on what is happening with SOAP and WSDL [DONE] [recorded in]
<scribe> ACTION: DO to with NM continue and extrapolate the versioning work DO et al have been doing already, updating the terminology section. [CONTINUES] [recorded in]
<DanC_> terminology section update from DO 13 Feb
DO: I got some comments re
first/last name from Misha
... main list is public-xml-versioning
DC: hmm... public-xml-versioning... partial understanding isn't limited to xml
DO: public-xml-versioning was created at the suggestion of the TAG as a mechanism for collaboration with XML Schema WG.
NM: [... about broadening from xml-specific story to a story about strings, with markup as a special case]
<DanC_> (which appeals to me)
<Zakim> ht, you wanted to incline towards focussing on XML language
DO: broadening makes sense to some extent, but there's a limit, and we need to be sure to deliver for XML authors
<noah> Isn't URI an example of a non-QNamed namespace
<DanC_> (surely notation 3 is a webized language that's not XML)
<DanC_> (webized meaning: has its terms grounded in URI space)
<ht> DanC, remind me what N3's media type is?
<ht> I.e., can I follow-my-nose to find out about N3?
<DanC_> text/n3+rdf or some such; registration pending
<noah> I thought we set up in Edinburgh that versioning was about the conclusions drawn by a consumer and a producer for any particular document, where the two parties have imperfect agreement on the language they thought they were using.
<noah> I like that start a lot, and it's not XML-specific
HT: [...] XML gives us the "follow your nose" principle, with namespaces
<noah> Follow your nose seems to give you something very important, which is self description. I'm not convinced that versioning should be only about self-describing documents.
TBL: all stories about versioning
depend on a notion of semantics/meaning...
... at the level of XML, there is only a basic infrastructure. At higher levels, e.g. HTML and RDF, there's more to say
DC: meanwhile, I have a new .violet file from DO that I intend to check against my changePolicy.n3 work
TBL: I wonder about a 4 part finding:
(1) at the level of representations
(2) at the level of namespaces in XML
(?) [...] in HTML and such
(4) an one about RDF
NM: about strings of characters?
TBL: that's what I meant by (1)
<noah> Cool.
DO: let's please have some discussion on public-xml-versioning of the new terminology section
<DanC_> +1
<Norm> +1
<DanC_> hmm... the archive cover page of doesn't say that it's a joint tag/xml-schema thingy
VQ: with regret, it's time to
curtail this discussion
... maybe next time we'll get to ns8
<Norm> I'll try to get back to Jonathan and make progress on ns8 for next week
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THISION L ECO
Errors ..................................................................... 68
General regulationsIntended useStandards and regulationsGeneral regulations The THISION L ECO boiler is In addition to this, the followingThis document contains important CE-certified and conforms to the national standards must beinformation with regard to safety and following European directives and observed:reliability of the installation, its com- standards:missioning and the operation of the - 92 / 42 / EEC (Efficiency of hot RU:THISION L ECO boiler. All described water heating systems) - ??activities must be carried out exclusive- - 2009 / 142 / EEC (Gas consuming HU:ly by authorized technicians. facilities) - ?? - 2006 / 95 / EEC (Safety of electrical CZ:Only OEM parts of the boiler manufac- operating resources) - ??turer may be used; in contrary cases, - 2004 / 108 / EEC (EMC PL:our warranty and guarantee provisions compatibility) - ??are excluded. - EN 483 (Requirements for gas-fired TR: systems up to 70 kW) - ??Intended use - EN 15420 (Requirements for gas- RO:The THISION L ECO is a condensing fired systems – type C boiler 70 kW - ??and modulating gas boiler, which is – 1000 kW) UK:suspended from walls and is delivered - EN 15417 (Special requirements for - Gas Safety Installation & Usewith a pre-mix burner. The maximum condensing gas-fired boilers 70 kW Regulationstarget temperature of the boiler is 85°C. – 1000 kW) - BS 5440-1:2008 - EN 50165 - BS 5440-2:2009Standards and regulations Electrical equipment for non-electric - BS 6798:2014All applicable standards (both appliances, intended for householdEuropean and national) must be use and similar purposes - safetyobserved during the installation and requirementsoperation of the THISION L ECO boiler, - EN 15502-1 (Requirements forincluding: gas-fired systems – Part 1: General- Local building regulations, with requirements and tests) regard to the installation of heating - EN 55014-1 (2000) EMC – The facility may only be operated by facilities and waste gas exhaust Requirements for household authorized persons, who have been systems; appliances, electrical tools and trained with regard to the functions- Regulations about a connection to similar equipment – Part 1: and the use of the system. Inexpert the electrical utility network (mains); Emissions use can damage the equipment or- Regulations of the local gas utility; - EN 55014-2 (1997) EMC – the connected system.- Standards and regulations Requirements for household concerning safety facilities for appliances, electrical tools and heating systems; similar equipment – Part 2: Safety -- Additional local laws/regulations, product family standard which are applicable to the - EN 61000-3-2 (2000) The equipment may not be used installation and operation of heating Electromagnetic compatibility by children, by persons with a systems. (EMC) - Part 3-2: Framework hindrance of bodily, mental or- See the chapter “Commissioning”, conditions - framework conditions sensory capacities, or which for those regulations applicable for current fluctuations (current insufficient experience and know- to heating water and warm water drain 16 A per phase) how, unless they are supervised quality. - EN 61000-3-3 (2001) or have received corresponding Electromagnetic compatibility instructions. (EMC) - Part 3-3: Framework conditions for voltage fluctuations, voltage loss and flicker in public low-voltage networks, for equipment It must be ensured that children with a nominal 16 A current per cannot play with the equipment. phase, which are not subject to any special connection regulations. - EN 60335-1 (2002) Household and similar electrical equipment If changes are made to the boiler - Safety - Part 1: General construction the boiler no longer requirements complies with the CE requirements. - EN 60335-2-102 (2006) Household and similar electrical equipment - Safety - Part 1: Special requirements for gas, oil and solid fuel-fired equipment with electrical connections 3Product description
20 19
7 4 T1 6 T1a 3
5 P1 1 21 T2
4 7
6 3
5 2
10 14
11 22
18 17
15 16 8 12 13 G C A R
4Product description
THISION L ECOLegend: Product description Delivery scope1 heat exchanger 1 (All types OSS4) The THISION L ECO is a condensing The boiler, which has been assembled2 heat exchanger 2 (L ECO100: and modulating gas boiler with one or at the factory and is ready to use, OSS2, L ECO120: OSS4) two pre-mix burners, which is attached is delivered in cardboard packaging.3 ignition unit to a wall. It is characterized by the The following is contained in the4 fan unit following features: delivery scope of the THISION L ECO:5 silencer - A large modulation range that - Modulating high efficiency gas-fired6 gas valve guarantees a long burner service boiler, 8,8 to 120kW7 automatic air vent life, while minimizing standby - High efficiency pump(s)8 main switch 230V losses, start-up emissions and - Boiler/Cascade controller9 boiler control unit material wear-and-tear.10 control unit MMI - Flue gas temperature below 80°C Accessories:11 connection terminal - Flue gas temperature fuse - Boiler connection fittings12 connection terminal cascade bus - Also suitable for room sealed - Headers for 2 and 3 boilers communication conditions - Low loss headers up to 960kW13 siphon - Control panel with all operational - Insulation packs14 circulation pump elements - Boiler frames for free standing units15 gas isolation valve (in optional - Microprocessor, with multi- boiler connections set) functional display For detailed information see pages16 service valves flow/return (in - Automated ignition, with repetition 11-12. optional boiler connections set) and ionization monitoring17 fill and drain valve (in optional - Water pressure monitoring boiler connections set) - Energy-saving pump18 safety valve (in optional boiler - Stainless steel heat exchanger with connections set) smooth tube condenser19 flue connection (concentric) - Very maintenance-friendly20 air supply (for parallel flue - Ready for weather-compensated connection) control (accessory)21 collective flue pipe - Cascadecontroller up to 8 boilers22 information plate - External controls (accessory) by on/T1 flow sensor off, OpenTherm or 0-10VT1a secondary flow sensor (only - Modern metal panelling, stove- OSS4) enamelledT2 return sensorP1 water pressure sensor Functional descriptionG gas pipe The control unit modifies the heatingA flow pipe CH performance to the current heatingR return pipe CH requirements, by changing theC condensate drain pipe default values of the fan rotating speed. In this regard, the boiler flow temperature is continually measured via a sensor. In case of a deviation of the actual temperature from the target temperature, the control unit reacts immediately and adjusts the RPM of the fan, and with that the boiler performance via the gas armature. A deviation can be due to: - A changed default value of the boiler temperature, via the SITT heating control unit - A change on the outdoor temperature - Request for warm water - Changed heating curve
15 14
7 Burner A 6 4 8 5 3
T1 T1a 1 T2 P1
7 Burner B 6 4 8 5 3
T1 T1a 2 T2 P1
10 9 9 +
OK
R -
11 11
G C A R
Legend:1 heat exchanger 1 (All types OSS4) 6 fan T1a secondary flow sensor (only = burner A 7 flue non-return valve OSS4)2 heat exchanger 2 (L ECO100: 8 automatic air vent T2 return sensor OSS2, L ECO120: OSS4) = burner 9 circulation pump P1 water pressure sensor B 10 control unit MMI G gas pipe3 ignition unit 11 burner control unit A flow pipe CH4 ceramic burner R return pipe CH5 gas valve T1 flow sensor C condensate drain pipe6Product description
Technical dataErP data
7Product description
D E
G F
Ceiling
Individual flue: min. 400mm Collective flue: dependant on the selected flue system. Please contact the supplier
A1 A
P g c v r N H J K L M
C Q R B
8Delivery scope
Standard versionAccessories and CascadeStandard versionThe delivery scope of a boiler consistsof the following components:
Accessories CascadeThe following accessories can be In principle any combination isordered: possible. Based on the requested capacity, you can choose either the- Flue gas pipes most efficient or the most compact- Cascade hydraulics (see following solution yourself. pages)- Boiler frames (see following pages) The capacity of the hydraulic pipes, gas- 3-way valve set line and low loss header are adjusted- Outdoor sensor to the selected overall demand.- T10 flow sensor When installing a single L ECOListed accessory parts have been a boiler or cascaded L ECO boilers,specially constructed or selected for you should always use a low lossthe THISION L ECO boiler, which header adjusted to the set demand.means they are very easy to install ELCO supplies 2 low loss header(plug and play). You can compose your versions, which are suitable for aown system solution, by selecting the maximum demand of either 452 kWaccessory combination that fits your or 960kW (80/60°C) respectively.needs. For details and prices, pleasecontact ELCO.
9Product description
1 2
13 3 11 12
8 3 4 5 6 7 10 9
1715
- Free-standing back-to-back. All boilers hanging back-to-back on 660 1430
460 1000 a free-standing frame (Example 4 back-to-back) 1070
1715
10Product description
2 9 16
3 10 17
4 11 18
5 12 19
6 13 20
7 14 21
11Product description
12Installation
Boiler transport Boiler transport attached in its packaging to a pallet. The THISION L ECO is a fully equipped Loading belts should be attached to the compact heating system, which has pallet. been pre-set and tested at the factory. The dimensions of the packaging are: Unpacking instructions are printed on - 70, 100, 120: the cardboard box. Please follow the 1200 x 800 x 670 mm (WxHxD) proposed steps. This makes it possible to transport all models in one piece through a normal Disassembly of panelling door. The boiler can be picked up The panelling has been packed sideways or from the front with a forklift separately from the boiler in the truck for transport. packaging. The panelling of the boiler should be set aside, before the The THISION L ECO can be assembly and until the boiler is taken transported with a crane. However, into operation, so as to avoid damage. it must be ensured that the boiler is
1 2 3 4
4x
5b
13Installation
InstallationConnections The installation location of the CH- boiler(s) has to be, and remain, frost- free. It is NOT necessary to have a purpose 50mm
General guidelines: Pay attention to the minimum distance required between the boilers, walls and ceiling for installing and removing the housing (refer to fig. 5.a.) for commissioning 4 3 1 2 and servicing and installing the flue system (refer to chapter 7).1 Boiler flow connection2 Boiler return connection If you have opted to build the3 Condensate drain hydraulic part yourself, then ELCO4 Gas recommends using a boiler connection5 Air supply / flue gas set AX00360U (Connection set L ECO as single boiler) for each boiler. In that case, the connection measurements are: - Flow and return line: ø35mm compression fitting - Gas line: ø28mm compression fitting
14Installation
B1
1 1
15Installation
2 2
1 1
16Installation
2 2
1 1
17Installation
18Installation
Cascade accessories The pipe work headers are available in 2 dimensions, i.e. DN65 and DN100 and are connected to one another by the flange couplings and gaskets, M12 or M16x55 bolts, spring washers and nuts. The low loss header and the complete installation can then be connected to it. Blanking flanges Low loss header The ends of the pipe work headers There are 3 low loss headers available: have to be fitted with blanking flanges. The blanking flanges come standard AX00470U with a fully configured delivery, Low loss header for 1 or 2 L ECO including bolts, spring washers and boilers to max. 200kW supplied gaskets. with automatic air vent, drain valve and pocket for temperature sensor AX00320U T10 Boiler connections are 4x 1 ½”, Blanking flange set DN65 flow/return 2 installation connections are 2x 2”. The items low loss header MUST be connected AX00330U between the boiler[s] and the system Blanking flange set DN100 flow/return pumps. 2 items
AX00120U Low loss headers DN65 to 452kW AX00130U Low loss headers DN100 to 960kW
19Installation
Cascade accessoriesConnecting 1 or 2 boiler boilers 1x L ECO boiler, wall hung 2x L ECO boilers, wall hung, max. 200kW
3/8” 1/2”
26 34 2” (2x)
56
440 660 1 1/2” (4x)
48
1/2”
20Installation
Cascade accessoriesDimensions headers, low loss headers and bendsDimensions low loss header DN65 until 452kW Dimensions main header
G1/2” DN65 / DN100 441 73 140 228 G3/8”
100
ø42
DN65
455 350
240 G1” 680
130 330
DN65
20 195 220
460 DN65 L 2/4 places = 1398mm (DN65/DN100) L 3/6 places = 2098mm (DN65/DN100) DN65 175
110 30
Dimensions low loss header DN100 until 960kW Dimensions bend DN65 and DN100 G1/2” 709 DN65: 133 DN100: 197 80 250 349
G3/8”
DN100 DN65 DN100
G1” 910
560
DN100 220
DN100
DN100 175
30
110
21Installation
Parameters Value Water type Drinking water Softened water pH 6.0-8.5 Conductivity (at 20°C in µS/cm) Max. 2500 Iron (ppm) Max. 0.2 Hardness (°dH / °fH) Installation volume/performance 1-12 <20 l/kW Installation volume/performance 1-7 >=20 l/kW Oxygen Oxygen diffusion is not permitted during operations. Max. 5% of the system volumes may be topped up annually. Corrosion inhibitors See the Chapter "System water additives (inhibitors)" pH raising or lowering agents See the Chapter "System water additives" Anti-frost additives See the Chapter "System water additives" Other chemical additives See the Chapter "System water additives" Solid substances Not permitted Residues in the heating water, which are not a component of not permitted the drinking water are Table 122Installation
Parameters Value Water type Drinking water pH 7.0-9.5 Conductivity (at 20°C in µS/cm) Max 2500 Chloride (ppm) Max 150 Iron (ppm) Max. 0.2 Hardness (°dH / °fH) 1-12 Number of bacteria colonies at 22°C (number/ml) according Max. 100 to EN ISO 6222 Table 2
Expansion vesselExpansion vessel Expansion DHW cylinder circuitThe CH-installation has to be fitted with When applying a DHW cylinderan expansion vessel. The expansion connected directly to the boiler (ELCOvessel used has to comply with the cylinder connection with use of 3-waywater contents of the installation. valve) the circuit between the three- way valve and the separation of theIt is not necessary to install an DHW cylinder should be provided of anexpansion vessel to each boiler. One expansion tank. See also page 26.single, central installed expansionvessel is sufficient. When using asingle expansion vessel the handles ofthe valves on the flow and return pipesbelow the boiler have to be removedwhilst open.
23Installation
Gas line The gas line leading to the installation has to be calculated to the maximum capacity to determine the diameter of the supply pipe.
24Installation
Condensate connection HAZARD: For condensate drainage, only Danger of death due to corrosion-resistant and certified 3 poisoning! If the siphon is not materials may be used. The drainagefilled with water, or if any connections must be carried out in a frost-freeare open, then escaping waste gas can space. The drainage pipe should havepose a hazard of death for people. a slope, so as to avoid a backwash of the condensate.
Condensate pipework. Press the supplied plastic ribbon tube onto the condensate drain at the bottom of the boiler. Connect the tube to the main condensate drain (minimum diameter= 40mm) by means of an open connection to avoid sewage gasses coming into the boiler.
25Installation
AX00380UBoiler connection set with 3-way valve for L ECO in cascadein combination with DN65 and DN100 headers
26Installation
ConnectionsAir- / flue gas ducts for individual boilersAll boiler models have an ø100/150 It is not necessary to install a separate Notesconcentric flue connection. condensate drain for the flue gas The tables below give guidance on system, since the condensate will be the maximum lengths of air and flue flushed out via the boiler and into the gas tubes that may be connected. If siphon. Please observe the following a room sealed installation is being recommendations: made utilising separate air and flue gas - Only use corrosion-resistant tubes, the lengths of both tubes must material be added together and not exceed the - The diameter must be calculated relevant value given in the tables. and selected according to the In all cases, the concentric flue/airFlue gas connection national regulations. connection on the top of the boilerWe recommend the use of ELCO’s - The length of the flue gas system case is 80/125. When using 110/150comprehensive range of flue gas must be kept as short as possible flue components, an allowance forcomponents. (and must not exceed the the necessary 80/125 to 110/150For further information, please see the maximum permitted length, see the adaptor fitting has been included in installation instructions: documentation for planners) the flue lengths indicated in the tables.- ELCO wall terminals - Horizontal flue gas tubes must have The maximum length of any external- ELCO roof terminals an inclination of at least 3° back section of flue pipe must not exceed- ELCO flue pipe components, both towards the boiler. 5m. individual pipes and concentric tubes. Air supply connection The radius of any bend used in the flue If required, a separate room sealed gas system must not exceed 87.5°.Regulations about the construction air supply tube may be connectedand installation of flue gas systems are via the inclusion of the optional airdifferent from country to country. supply connector fitting. The diameterIt must be ensured that all national must be calculated in conformity withregulations with regard to chimney national regulations and in combinationsystems are observed. with the flue gas gas system. The overall resistance of the air supply and flue gas tubes may not exceed the maximum supply pressure of the Fan at any time. (Also see the Chapter “Technical data”)
27Installation
ConnectionsAir- / flue gas ducts for individual boilers Parallel boiler connection The THISION L ECO-boilers can be The boiler comes as standard with a used both in an “open” and in “closed” parallel connection for the flue gas system. outlet and air supply system. The air supply opening (1) has a Open system diameter of ø100mm. The required combustion air is taken The air supply channel can be from the immediate environment connected to it, or, if it involves an (boiler room). For this purpose, please “open device” (Drainage category B), comply with the applicable boiler room an air filter must be fitted. ventilation regulations. 1 3 2 The air supply (3) of the concentric part When using boiler category B23 and is closed by a lid ø150mm. B33 as an ‘open boiler’, the protection degree of the boiler will be IPX0D The flue gas outlet connection (2) has instead of IPX4D. a diameter of ø100mm. An air filter must be fitted on the air intake of the boiler (available as an 1430 Concentric boiler connection Carry out the following tasks to convert accessory with art.nr. AX00540U).
28Installation
ConnectionsAir- / flue gas ducts - installation variants for individual boilersAmbient combustion air, ø80 PPB23 Flue gas duct into the chimney, aspiration of air from the surroundings. End section of the waste gas duct above the roof.
B33 Flue gas duct into the chimney, aspiration of air from the surroundings. End section of the waste gas duct above the roof.
Combustion air taken from the surroundings, ø 80/125 PP/sheet steel whiteC13 Flue gas duct and suction air over the outer wall, in the same pressureC13x range.
C33 The waste gas and suction air ducts via the chimney must operate in theC33x same pressure range. Vertical end section of the waste gas duct.
C43 Suction air and waste gas duct via the chimney system, which isC43x integrated in the building.
C53 Section the air and waste gas exhaust to the outside, in areas withC53x different pressures. Vertical end section of the waste gas duct.
C93 Air and waste gas piping to the waste gas chimney, via installation in theC93x roof and in a humidity-resistant waste gas chimney. Min. annular gap for waste gas piping: Ø80 = 45mm Ø100 = 50mm Ø110 = 40mm
29Installation
ConnectionsAir- / flue gas ducts - installation variants for multiple boilersOpting for a collective flue gas outlet is In the case of collective ventingdetermined by: of flue gases, the flue gas-venting- The position of the boilers with outlet always has to end up in the regard to their outlet area open area (outlet area 1).- Sufficient space above the boilers- Large number of boilers ELCO can supply a collective flue gas outlet system for the ELCO THISIONYou may opt for: L ECO. Refer to the following chapters- Collective flue gas outlet under- with regard to the various possibilities pressure and maximum pipe lengths that can be- Collective flue gas outlet over- used. pressure
Boiler category: B Outlet area 1 (free outlet area)
Boiler category: C Permitted only when the air intake and the flue gas outlet are in the same pressure area 0,2 x 2xB
30Installation
ConnectionsCollective flue gas outlet under-pressureDiameter and venting lengths of the Dimensions cascade flue THISION L ECOflue gas outlet/air supply: Open system, overpressure, parallel- Open system, with under-pressure Output (P) kW at 80/60°C Type L ECO d = minimum diameter Ø in mm (calculated with thermal draft) 70 100 120 h=2-5 h = 6 - 10 h = 11 - 15 h = 16 - 20 under atmospheric circumstances. 152 1 1 100 100 110 110 180 1 1 120 120 130 130NOTE! 212 1 1 120 130 130 1501. IPX0D at flue category B23 and B33 240 2 120 130 150 150 272 1 1 1 150 150 180 180 300 1 2 150 180 180 180 332 1 2 180 180 180 180 360 3 180 180 180 180 392 1 1 2 180 180 180 200 424 2 2 200 200 200 220 d 452 1 3 200 220 220 220 480 4 200 220 220 220 512 1 1 3 200 220 220 220 544 2 3 220 230 230 230 h 572 1 4 230 230 250 250 600 5 230 230 250 250 632 1 1 4 230 230 250 250 d 660 1 5 250 250 250 250 692 1 5 260 260 260 260 720 6 280 280 280 280 752 1 1 5 280 280 280 280 784 2 5 280 280 280 280 812 1 6 280 280 280 280 840 7 280 280 280 280 872 1 1 6 280 280 280 280 900 1 7 280 280 280 300 932 1 7 300 300 300 300 960 8 300 300 300 300
Diameter and venting lengths of the Dimensions cascade flue THISION L ECOflue gas outlet/air supply: Closed system, underpressure, parallel- Closed system, with under-pressure Output (P) kW at 80/60°C Type L ECO d = minimum diameter Ø in mm (calculated with thermal draft) 70 100 120 h=2-5 h=5-9 h = 9 - 13 h = 13 - 17 under atmospheric circumstances. 152 1 1 240 220 220 220 180 1 1 240 220 220 220 212 1 1 240 220 220 220 240 2 240 220 220 220 272 1 1 1 330 300 290 270 300 1 2 330 300 290 270 332 1 2 330 300 290 270 360 3 330 300 290 270 392 1 1 2 390 370 350 330 424 2 2 390 370 350 330 d 452 1 3 390 370 350 330 480 4 390 370 350 330 =d 512 1 1 3 460 410 390 380 =d 544 2 3 460 410 390 380 h 572 1 4 460 410 390 380 600 5 460 410 390 380 632 1 1 4 500 460 440 420 d 660 1 5 500 460 440 420 d 692 1 5 500 460 440 420 720 6 500 460 440 420 752 1 1 5 550 500 470 460 d 784 2 5 550 500 470 460 812 1 6 550 500 470 460 840 7 550 500 470 460 872 1 1 6 600 540 510 490 900 1 7 600 540 510 490 932 1 7 600 540 510 490 960 8 600 540 510 490
31Installation
ConnectionsCollective flue gas outlet over-pressureAn installation with a collective Dimensions cascade flue THISION L ECOflue gas outlet over-pressure in Open system, underpressurecombination with individually Output (P) kW at 80/60°C Type L ECO d = minimum diameter Ø in mmcontrolled boilers (e.g. 0-10 V 70 100 120 h=2-5 h=5-9 h = 9 - 13 h = 13 - 17control), where no bus cable 152 1 1 210 200 190 190AX00600U is connected, is NOT 180 1 1 210 200 190 190allowed. 212 1 1 210 200 190 190 240 2 210 200 190 190
Diameter and venting lengths of the 272 1 1 1 300 270 260 250 300 1 2 300 270 260 250flue gas outlet/air supply: 332 1 2 300 270 260 250- Open system with over-pressure. 360 3 300 270 260 250 392 1 1 2 360 330 310 300NOTE! 424 2 2 360 330 310 3001. IPX0D at flue category B23 and B33 452 1 3 360 330 310 3002. Only with bus cable AX00600U 480 4 360 330 310 300 connected!3. Adjust parameter 102 to 2 512 1 1 3 440 380 360 340 544 2 3 440 380 360 340 572 1 4 440 380 360 340 600 5 440 380 360 340 632 1 1 4 470 420 400 380 660 1 5 470 420 400 380 d 692 1 5 470 420 400 380 720 6 470 420 400 380 752 1 1 5 550 470 430 410 784 2 5 550 470 430 410 h 812 1 6 550 470 430 410 840 7 550 470 430 410 872 1 1 6 600 510 470 440 d 900 1 7 600 510 470 440 932 1 7 600 510 470 440 960 8 600 510 470 440
=d
=d
32Installation
Electrical connection Electrical connection The electric diagram must be observed Electrical connections must be during all electrical connection works carried out by an authorized electrical (see the following pages). technician, and in conformity with valid national and local standards and A 230V -50Hz mains electrical supply regulations. is required fused externally at 5A. An insulated mains switch must be used for the power supply, with at least A deviation on the grid of 230V 3 mm contact openings. It must be (+10% or -15%) and 50Hz mounted inside of the boiler room. The mains switch is used for switching off The following additional regulations the power supply during maintenance also apply: works. - The boiler’s wiring is not allowed to be changed; All cables are passed through the cable - All connections have to be made to gland at the bottom of the boiler, and the terminal block. are led to the electronics panel at the front of the boiler.
33Installation
Electrical connectionThe boiler has 4 socket blocks for allelectrical connections.
8X.44.08.00 / 05.11
On/Off
8X.44.09.00 / 05.11 Bus
1 2 3 4
8X.44.08.00 / 05.11 On/Off
Electrical connection 1. High voltage supply: 16 Connections Position Connection Application Max.
8X.44.08.00 / 05.11 On/Off PG 230V~ AC 230V out Error signal LPG T4 Out Open- Therm General purpose V/A N N N N N N On/Off 230V~ 230V 1,demand 2, 3 Live Neutral Earth Power for LWCO boiler. Power cable not 13,5 230V AC out Heat T3 T10 0-10Volt L L L L L DHW
8X.44.09.00 / 05.11 Bus
On/Off
230V6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
8X.44.09.00 / 05.11 Bus
T4 Open- General LPG Out Therm purpose On/Off 3, 4 3 4 Outdoor sensor T4 (advice) IP67 Heat T3 T10 0-10Volt LWCOdemand DHW 5, 6 5 6 Common flow sensor T10** (must be signal IP67 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 connected) 7, 8 7 8 On-Off contact** / Open Therm contact (auto IP67 detect) 9, 10 9 10 0 -10 Volt input (temperature or load) IP67 8X.44.09.00 / 05.11
Bus 11, 12 11 12 Blocking contact (bridge mounted) IP67 13, 14 13 14 Low water pressure switch off contact NO IP67 (function not active)
The AX00600U bus communication cable mutually connects the cascaded boilers by 4-pole connectors on the side of the connection terminals (2 boilers: 1 cable, 3 boilers: 2 cables etc.) and is fitted with 2 IP67 tulles. A maximum of 8 boilers can be connected by this cable.
35 Installation
Electrical connection External controls on/off - OpenTherm NOTE: For control option 1 and 2 counts - T10 common flow sensor that the boiler controls its own output (supplied) must be connected (modulating) to achieve the desired - T4 outside sensor (optional) is temperature. When this is achieved the adviced to be connected. boiler modulates back to maintain the desired temperature and prevents over The ELCO THISION L ECO provides shoot. many possibilities to operate the boilers from external controls. If an OpenTherm controller of another brand than ELCO is used, Only 1 type of control can be it must be ensured that for certain connected. Connections of the external error messages the heat demand control must be done in the master is not omitted. This can result in boiler (address 01) on terminal 3 and complete loss of heat production. appropriate connections. OpenTherm error messages Below you will find a description of the The coding of the transmitted possibilities and parameter adjustments Error Messages on a OpenTherm to take account of. controller is displayed as follows: On/Off (E) EB (E = Error Code = B and boiler 1. On-Off contact number) T4 Open- GeneralAn On-Off contact is a volt-free switch example: Error Code Ex02SC02 on Out Therm purposeto create a heat demand with closed boiler 6 will appear as (0) 26 contact.
2. OpenTherm-control An OpenTherm-control is a digital On/Off controller which is communicating with the boiler according the OpenTherm- T4 Open- Generalprotocol. The controller calculates Out Therm purpose continuously the desired flow water temperature and sends this to the boiler(s). T3 T10 0-10Volt LWCODHW The OpenTherm-control must be connected to terminal 3, position 7 and 8. This is also the connection for an 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 On-Off contact, but it is self-detecting. . After connecting an OpenTherm-control P230 will be visible (Setting level, Param. Chapter, Cascade Param.) where the maximum set point CH can be adjusted.
36 Installation
Electrical connection External controls 0-10 Volt 3. 0-10 Volt-control At a heat demand of the 0-10 Volt On/Off controller a signal is sent out and varies T4 General from 0-10 Volt. This signal is translated Open-Out Therm purpose by the ELCO THISION L ECO to a set value (desired flow water temperature or load) which is send via the ELCO T10 0-10Volt LWCOdata bus to the boiler(s). Depending on the Voltage the set value becomes higher or lower.
37Installation
Electrical connectionWiring diagram
A7 A4
A5
A6
A8 B7 B4 T1
B5
A9 P1 B6
A10 T2
B9 P1 A11 T1a B10 T2
B11 B8 T1a (OSS4)
24
A2 B2 11 1 11 1 X7 X12 X7 X12 X8 X9 X11 X8 X9 X11 1 1 X6 X1 2 X1 23 3 X6 20 10 6,3A T 20 10 6,3A T 6,3A T 6,3A T 10 1 A 10 1 B X5 1 X5 1 30 30 18 9 18 9 X2 X2
8 X4 1 12 X3 1 9 8 X4 1 12 X3 1 9
25
B3
1 A21 A20
A3
16 14 1 6 1 1
C1 C2 C3 26
38Installation
Electrical connectionWiring diagram Connections Item Art.nr. Description Main components 1 Control unit with screen Burner A A2 Control unit A3 Circulation pump A4 Fan A5 Ignition unit on gas block A6 Ignition electrode A7 Ignition cables A8 Flow sensor T1 A9 Water pressure sensor P1 A10 Return sensor T2 A11 Flow sensor T1a Burner B B2 Control unit B3 Circulation pump B4 Fan B5 Ignition unit on gas block B6 Ignition electrode B7 Ignition cables B8 Flow sensor T1 B9 Water pressure sensor P1 B10 Return sensor T2 B11 Flow sensor T1a (only OSS4)
Item Art.nr. Description Conn. Conn. Cont. Item Art.nr. Description Conn. Conn. Cont. S4825800 Cable loom XL complete A22 Cable loom LV burner X6 A20 Cable loom Conn. C1 A 1 T1 1 conn.terminal 2 T2 1 230V+VF 3 T1a 1 1 Main switch L 5 P1 1 2 Main switch N 6 P1 3 3 Earth 7 Fan pwm 4 4 X1-A en X1-B, X4, 2 3, 1, L' 8 Fan pwm Main switch 9 X6 19 5 X1-A en X1-B, 11 T1 2 2, N' Main switch 12 T2 2 6 Earth "leeg" 13 T1a 2 C1 3, 9 15 P1 2 7 X4 2 17 Fan pwm 5 8 Main switch N' 18 Fan pwm 1 9 C1 6, 13 19 X6 9 10 X3 8 X11 11 X3 6 3 Pump pwm 1 12 X3 7 7 Pump pwm 2 13 C1 9, 16 X12 Ionisation 14 X3 2 15 X3 1 B22 Cable loom LV burner See A22 16 C1 13 B X1-A en X1-B, 1 A23 Cable loom 230V X2 Earth Conn. C2 burner A 1 Fan 230V 3 1 X4 3 Fan 230V 2 Earth 2 X4 4 2 Fan 230V 1 3 X4 5 4 X4 6 3 Ignition and 5 X4 7 1 Gasvalve 6 X4 8 4 Ignition and 4 Gasvalve A21 Cable loom Conn. C3 Ignition and conn.terminal LV 2 Earth Gasvalve 1 X5 1 2 C3 4 Pump 230V 3 Earth 3 X5 2 5 Pump 230V 2 4 C3 2, 6 6 Pump 230V 1 5 X5 5 6 C3 4, 8 7 Ignition and 3 7 X5 12 Gasvalve 8 C3 6, 10 8 Ignition and 6 9 X5 16 Gasvalve 10 C3 8, 12 11 X5 11 B23 Cable loom 230V See A23 12 C3 10, 14 burner B 13 X5 14 12 24 Cable loom bus Burner X8-A X8-B 14 C3 X5 15 A-B 1 X9 1 X5 2 X9 2 1 C3 1 3 X9 3 2 C3 3 4 X9 4 5 C3 5 8 Bus1 1 25 S4802100 Flat cable MMI 9 Bus1 2 11 C3 11 26 AX00600U Communication bus 12 C3 7 cable XL 14 C3 13 15 C3 14 16 C3 9 17 Bus1 3 18 Bus1 4
39Operation
Description of display Open the flap by pushing right next of The boiler has a pilot-control. This the flap on the round button to reach control takes care of most of the the display and keybord. manual settings but also provides numerous settings to adjust the control exactly to the installation and user requirements.
Display The LCD screen is backlit. The light is activated by pushing one of the 9 10 11 12 13 buttons.
2. DHW-program active
6. System pump on
9. Boiler address: 1 = Cascade Master 2.8 = Cascade Slaves ABCD EFGH 10. Identification burner inside boiler
Standby - Vent.Phase Ventilation stage - Ignition phase Ignition stage - Burner lit CH Burner active for heating - Burner lit DHW Burner active for hot water - CH T > Tset Burner off on account of too high flow temperature CH - Overrun CH Overrun time pump over CH - Overrun DHW Overrun time pump over DHW - Service Boiler needs maintenance. Contact installer - Frost Burner active for frost protection
Emission measurement Back / correction + Backward Forward OK
On/Off
T4 Open- General LPG Out Therm purpose On/Off
2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 8X.44.09.00 / 05.11
Bus
41Commissioning
Start-up Turn the electrical supply on (heating After confirmation by OK and after the system does not have to be filled); automatic de-aeration programm has
-- NC -- ended, you will see the standard read- During start-up, a blue screen is out “Good” showing the date and the displayed: time after the de-aerating program. Power Up NC Power Up Standard read-out: (= start-up screen) Please wait (under certain circumstances) Good we 10:17 Address Then you see: Address 01 Good indicates that the boiler operates 01 (= allocation of boiler address) normally (burner on or off) wo 10:17 indicates the actual day and In the case of a cascade installation: - time. + - Select the correct address OK - Press OK Following a restart (after loss of power): - Select for the first boiler 01 Following a brief loss of power, the - (=Master), for the next 02, 03 etc control will start-up as described above, (=Slave) but all settings are retained. The address can be changed by In the case of a loss of power lasting pushing the + button (increase value) more than 2 hours the time and date and the – button (decrease value). has to be set again. All other settings Once the + or – buttons has been are retained. pushed, the value starts flashing. If the water pressure is below 1.0 bar, In the case of a single boiler: the screen will show: FILL. Please refer - Confirm address 01 by OK to the chapter Filling CH-system.
Set time 00:00 (= setting actual time) Setting time and day is only required 00:00 on the Master-boiler. The Slave-boiler will take the time and day settings automatically.
DD-MM-YY 01-01-00 (= setting actual date)
42Commissioning
Display read-outBoiler addresses The standard read-out offers 3 information screens. Switching to different screen scan be found using the + or - button1 1. “Good”- read-out Good with actual day and time (see
Good above)
we 10:172 2. Operational status Refer to chapter 9.1 for explanation of texts Standby
3 3. Technical read-out Actual water flow temperature. (T1
Basic operationsSelecting programs Switching on the Heating, DHW and Pump program By switching on the functions ( , and/or ) the boiler is turned on.
Proceed as follows: From the standard display with illuminated display: 1. Press the right arrow button: Basic The display shows: Basic settings;
Settings 2. Press the OK button;
CH prog 4. Press the + button: The display shows: CH prog on;
on to the standard display.
CH
DHW
Pump
44Commissioning
Basic operationsSetting the maximum flow temperature with On/Off-control P101 = 0
Basic Setting the maximum flow water temperature with connected outdoor sensor T4. Settings (starting with illuminated display):
CH temp 2. Press the OK button;
options T4. (starting with illuminated display):
85 °C
45Commissioning
Water pressure Screen display + Good Operation Technical Description Action OK Read-out status read-out - FILL FILL xx.x°C Water pressure is 0 bar, Top up water dd 00:00 Bx12sc03 P0,0 boiler off Water pressure above FILL FILL xx.x°C 0.7 bar. The boiler is off. Top up water until
Automatic venting Block. Vent xx.x°C program, afterwards Top up water until dd 00:00 Prog. P>1,2 (approx. 13 min.) boiler is approx. 1,7 bar on standby Water pressure is good. Good xx.x°C (variable) Boiler standby or in None dd 00:00 P>1,0 <4,0 normal operation Block. xx.x°C Water pressure too high, Drain water until dd 00:00 P>4,0 boiler off due to blocking approx. 1,7 bar Water pressure is good. Good xx.x°C (variable) Boiler operates normally None dd 00:00 P<3,7 again Message/ FILL Water pressure too low. xx.x°C Top up water until Block. Message Boiler is limited to 50% P<1 >0,7 approx. 1,7 bar dd 00:00 Mx24sc14 load
Venting program When, on filling the system, the water Interrupting the venting program (not pressure rises above 0.7 bar, the recommended) is only possible from venting program will start automatically. the setting level by pressing OK during The program lasts approx. 13 minutes the venting program. and in doing so, turns the pump on and off and, if fitted, the three-way For boiler checks please refer to the valve every 80 seconds to remove the chapter Checks prior to commissioning. remaining air from the boiler. All venting For any checks or setting changes, points still have to be vented when refer to the Basic Settings chapter. filling the installation. The boiler will be on standby after the venting program.
Block. the installation.
Prog.46Commissioning
Tech. Read-out
Timepr. CH
Timep. DHW
CH temp
DHW temp
Units Remark: Depending which Language parameter settings are set, some options will not be displayed. Restore Defaults
With the arrow buttons you can go Refer to the Parameters chapter for all through the different chapters. parameters and related settings.
47Commissioning
2 sec. Good Operational status Basic setting Timeprog. options Param Mode Service Mode Error Info
CH prog Set Date and Cascade param Throttle Error Burner A Cascade time
.... Timepr. CH Burner B Param 3-way valve Other Error 10 Timep. DHW Pump P2
CH temp Pump P3
Units LPG
Language Fault
Boiler address Remark: Depending which Reset Counters parameter settings are set, some options will not be displayed.
48Commissioning
Clock programHeating lineClock program (from standard Pre-set clock programsswitched off in Basic settings) CH pre-set 1 CH pre-set 2 DHW pre-set 1* Switch Day point Time Setting Time Setting Time SettingThe switch times in the pre-set clock 4 switch points per day, adjustable per 30 min.programs are detailed in the table on 1 7:00 day 8:00 day 3:00 onthe right. Each clock program can be 2 18:00 night 12:00 nightadjusted to each individual situation. mo 3 17:00 dayConditions are: 4 19:00 night- Maximum 4 switch points per day; 1 7:00 day 8:00 day- Settings for day and night are 2 18:00 night 12:00 night determined by the settings: Time pr. tu 3 17:00 day options/Time prog. CH/Day Temp. 4 19:00 night and Night temp.; 1 7:00 day 8:00 day- The setting OFF switches the 2 18:00 night 12:00 night heating off during the whole set we 3 17:00 day period. The frost protection is 4 19:00 night active; 1 7:00 day 8:00 day- Setting - - - turns the switch point 2 18:00 night 12:00 night OFF; th 3 17:00 day- Switch times can be set in steps of 4 22:00 night 30 minutes. 1 7:00 day 8:00 day 2 18:00 night 12:00 nightAdvice: fr 3 17:00 dayKeep in mind when setting the 4 19:00 nightswitching periods for domestic hot 1 8:00 daywater that it is sufficiently long to 2 12:00 nightensure that hot water is always sa 3 17:00 dayavailable during actual use. In most 4 19:00 nightcases, the pre-set program 1 of the 1clock program suffices. 2 su 3Behavior of connected external 4 3:00 oncontrols- When using an OpenTherm or * The clock program for domestic 0-10Volt control and a clock hot water is set on continuous program is selected, the clock program of the L ECO will be demand to prevent there being no ignored. hot water available at starting up.- When an on/off control is connected The program can be adjusted to and the thermostat is switched on each individual situation. manually before the pre-setted switch-on time, the clock program will be ignored and will run on Heating line (K-factor) the set day temperature. When switching off manually the clock program will be followed. 2
1.5 Flow temperature in °C
0.5
0.2
Outdoor temperature in °C
49Parameters end users (blue screen)
50Parameters technician (green screen)
51Parameters technician (green screen)
52Parameters technician (green screen)
53Parameters technician (green screen)
+ T1a secondary flow temperature - P1 water pressure P2 cylinder pump P3 system pump P4 cylinder load pump Damper on/off (no function) Fan on/off Gas valve open/closed Ignition on/off
Info InformationCascade Information of cascade system T3 xx.x°C DHW temperature T3 in external cylinder in °C (if connected and P100 is selected for DHW) T4 xx.x°C Outdoor temperature T4 in °C (if connected) T10 xx.x°C Temperature T10 sensor in low velocity header in °C OT sp x.x°C OpenTherm setpoint room temperature in °C (visible when OT is selected) Req Load xx% Requested load of the cascade system in % Req Temp xx.x°C Actual requested flow temperature according gradient line of the cascade system in °C Req Temp xx.x°C End value of the requested flow temperature of the cascade system in °C Error off Status relay external error signal on-off 0-10V xx.xV Tension on 0-10V contact (visible whenP101=1 or 2) P3 off Status system pump P3 on-off P2 off Status DHW pump P2 (visible when P100=5-8) on-off P4 off Status cylinder loading pump P4 on-off Heatdmnd. off Heat demand yes/no on-off LPG / Extra B off Status relay external heating source on-off
Others Stand-by xx h Number of hours stand by Burn. On xx h Number of running hours with burner on Service xx h Number of running hours to go for maintenance interval Ignition xx Number of times ignition Faults xx Number of times in error Safety 02017005 Regul. 01018003 MMI 03018003 OEM par. 00018xxx xxx: 020 = THISION L ECO 70, 080 = THISION L ECO 100, 140 = THISION L ECO 120
54Parameters
Restore From the standard blue screen display: 1. Select using the right arrow button: Basic settings; Defaults 2. Press the OK button; 3. Press the right arrow button until: Restore Defaults 4. Press OK Screen displays: Restore OK
Restore This has now restored the factory settings.
55Commissioning
56Commissioning
Emission checkLegend:A On/Off switch F C D B AB Back button (ESC)C Plus button (value increase/change)D Confirmation button (OK)E Arrow button right (forward)F Chimney sweep function buttonG Arrow button left (backward) + H Reset buttonI Minus button (value decrease/ OK change) R -L Display
L H G C E
57Commissioning
L H G C E
- Press down the arrow buttons After this check has been done, once simultaneously for 2 seconds. more test the O2/CO2 value at low The screen turns green; load (see page 60). If there are any a - Press the right arrow button until deviations in the result, then these you see Service chapter.; must be corrected (see the next page). - Press OK; The screen displays Throttle; Legend - Press OK; The screen displays Throttle off; a Measuring point of the flue gas probe. Only for L ECO 110 and L ECO 140: - Press the right arrow button to select burner A. The exchanger symbol displays the selected burner (AB, A or B) - Calibrate the O2/CO2 meter ; - Position the lance of the O2/CO2 meter into the flue outlet test point; - Press on the + button until the maximum value (in kW) has been reached; The boiler will be burning at the rated full load (value on display in %) - Leave measuring O2/CO2 to the measuring equipment. Check whether the O2/CO2 values that are listed below correspond to the measured value.
O2 / CO2 check Full load Natural gas E (G20), LL (G25) Propane (G31) Nominal 4,7% Nominal 5,1% O2 Minimum 3,6%, maximum 5,5% Minimum 4,1%, maximum 5,8% Nominal 9,0% Nominal 10,3% CO2 Minimum 8,6%, maximum 9,6% Minimum 9,9%, maximum 11,0%Values are valid with closed cover/air box.
58Commissioning
L H G C E
Adjustment on the gas valve After this setting has been made, once more test the O2/CO2 value at full load Adjust the gas valve only in case the and low load. a measured values lies out of range of the values mentioned in the table on previous page.
Legend
Adjustment of the gas valve in case the measured values lies out of range of the values on full load Full load Natural gas E (G20), LL (G25) Propane (G31) O2 4,7% 5,1% CO2 9,0% 10,3%Values are valid with closed cover/air box.
59Commissioning
Setting the low load Only for L ECO 110 and L ECO 140: - Press on the - button until the - Press the return button 1x value1 has been reached. - Press the right arrow button to The boiler will be burning at low select burner B. a load (value on display in %). The exchanger symbol displays the - Use the measuring tool to carry out selected burner (AB, A or B) a O2/CO2 control measurement. The detected values must lie in the Repeat the procedure for burner Legend measuring range shown below. B. Start the procedure for burner B from page 58. a Measuring point of the flue gas The O2 value at low load must lie probe. higher than the O2 value at full load. - Press the return button to return to The measuring procedure must be the original read-out. carried out, until a constant measuring result is achieved. Please take up contact with ELCO, if the values should lie outside of the applicable tolerances.
End of measuring: - Press the – button until off is displayed (keep pushed down).
60 Maintenance
On/Off
On/Off LPG - Interrupt the gas supply to the T4 Out Open- Therm General purpose The main stopcock for gas must be which are listed as of page 56. Heat boiler.T3 T10 0-10Volt LWCO closed and secured against reopening. Maintenance intervaldemand DHW signal During emptying of the boiler, it is 3 4 5 6 possible that a part of the heating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 The panelling must first be removed, An inspection of the burner must water stays behind. Make sure that any to be able to carry out maintenance be carried out after every 8,000 remaining heating water cannot freeze, on the boiler. The panelling is secured operating hours, however at least in case of a frost hazard. by a screw behind the door. After once every 2 years. 8X.44.09.00 / 05.11
Bus
Maintenance details Removal of panelling Ventilator unit and burner cassette The panelling must first be removed, - Remove the plug connections of the to be able to carry out maintenance on gas valve (1) and ventilator (2); the boiler. - Unscrew the coupling (3) of the gas - Unscrew the 4 screws of quick- unit; locks A, B, C and D - Replace the gas valve gasket with a - Open the 4 quick-locks A, B, C and new one; D and remove the housing (= air - Unscrew the front cross-slotted box) from the front. screw (4) of the air suction damper (5); The panelling of the equipment consists - Loosen the left (9) and right (10) of metal and plastic parts, which can be clamp bar a quarter of a turn with cleaned with a mild (non-aggressive) the hex key and pull it out in a cleaning agent. forward direction. In doing so, pay attention to the turning direction When carrying out maintenance works, (red check cams); only original ELCO replacement parts may be used.
CAUTION: G Always interrupt the power supply, before carrying out maintenance or repair works on the boiler.
10
1 9 OPEN 3
4 5 5 8 CLOSED 7 12
62Maintenance
Maintenance details - Pull the complete ventilator unit If the cover/air box is heavily polluted and heat exchanger’s gas valve with dust, it is likely that the fan impeller15 forward; is also polluted. To clean the fan, it has - Remove the burner cassette (18) to be removed from the upper tray and from the ventilator unit; the venturi. Clean the impeller with16 - Check the burner cassette for a soft brush and a vacuum cleaner. wear and tear, pollution and any Replace the gasket and take care that breakages. Clean the burner the new gasket is installed properly 17 cassette with a soft brush and when reassembling the fan parts. vacuum cleaner. In the case of 18 breakages, always replace the Reassembly takes place in reverse complete burner cassette (18); order. - Replace the gasket (17) between the burner (18) and upper casing Heat exchanger (15) ; - Check the heat exchanger for - Replace the gasket (16) between pollution. Clean it, if necessary, with the upper casing (15) and a soft brush and vacuum cleaner. exchanger: Prevent any dirt from dropping down. Checking the non return valve in the Rinsing the exchanger with water upper casing, venturi and fan from the top is not allowed. - Loosen the 2 screws out of the upper casing with a cross head Assembly is done in reverse order. screwdriver to release the gas air dividing plate. Take out the gas air Ensure during assembly that the dividing plate clamping bars are properly positioned. They have to be in a vertical position. The following operations must be performed carefully in relation to the vulnerability of the non return valve.
63Maintenance
Maintenance details Ignition electrode 6. Press the OK button; Replace the ignition electrode when 7. Press the right arrow button until:
Flame necessary, but certainly every 4 years. Flame. This can be checked by reading out The ionization current is shown the ionization current. The minimum here in µA. With the + and - button 0.00 uA ionization current has be greater than 2,0 µA at full capacity. the value of burner A and B can be shown (heat exchanger symbol To read out the ionization current follow turns from A to B). the instructions: From the standard blue screen display: If the sight glass is damaged, the 1. Press down the arrow buttons complete ignition electrode has to be simultaneously for 2 seconds; replaced. 2. Continue with point 3. Replace as follows: - Remove the plug connections of From the setting level with a green ignition electrode; screen: - Push the clips on either side of the 3. Select using the right arrow button: electrode to the outside and remove Info; the electrode; 4. Press the OK button; - Remove and replace the gasket; 5. Press the right arrow button until: Burners Assembly is done in reverse order.
Condensate container - Pull the clamping bars forward Assembly is done in reverse order. and away from underneath the Ensure proper all around sealing of theTake precautions to prevent condensate container. gasket when installing the condensatecondensate falling on electronics - Carefully push the condensate container.and other boiler parts during container (12) down and remove itdismantling to avoid damage of from the front; Ensure during assembly thatthese parts. - Replace the condensate container the clamping bars are properly gasket by a new one. positioned. They have to be in a- Remove the short clamping bars (7 - Clean the polluted condensate vertical position. and 8) by loosening them a quarter container with water and a hard of a turn with the hex key. In doing brush. During maintenance always replace so, pay attention to the turning - Check the condensate container for the gaskets of dismantled parts. direction (red check cams). any leakages.
10
1 9 OPEN 3
4 5 5 8 CLOSED 7 12
64Maintenance
Maintenance detailsCounter running hours Siphon Take the device back into operation and conduct a flue gas analysis (refer Place a collector (i.e. a bucket) to chapter Check O2/CO2). under the siphon to collect the dirty and aggressive condensate water. Wear protective clothing like latex G gloves and safety glasses.
From factory a fixed number of running There is no message when the boiler is The counter is reset to the samehours is set for service interval. The set to the operational status read-out. number of hours as set from factory.number of running hours cannot be During the messages “Service”and The message “SERVICE” orchanged. After expiring of the number “Mx24sc11” the boiler remains fully “Mx24sc11” is no longer displayed.of running hours the message “Service” operational.(when read-out is on “Good”) or If the maintenance activities, asMx24sc11 (when read-out is on boiler described hereinbefore, have beenstatus) is displayed on the screen. carried out, the counter has to be reset. To reset the counter, the following procedure has to be followed (starting from a blue screen):
- Press OK;
Reset function; The screen displays Confirm Reset; 65 Maintenance
Inspection overview
r r a yea rs. o 00 h
one nce Pos. Nr.: Inspection check list - THISION L ECO
ity d y 4.0 ast o Activ Ever a t le Remarks Switch off power supply to the boiler and close the gas valve! √ 1 Air box/Boiler cover 1.0.1 Remove boiler cover √ 1.0.2 Check boiler cover/air box sealing on wear √ 1.0.3 Necessary cleaning √ 2 Gas pipes 2.0.1 Check all gas pipes on leaks √ 2.0.2 Check all gas fittings on leaks √ 2.0.3 Check all gas pipes and parts on corrosion and damage √ 2.0.4 Check static and dynamic gas pressure √ 3 Pressure parts 3.0.1 Check fill and drain valve on its function √ 3.0.2 Check system pressure (Plausibility check) √ 3.0.3 Check pre-pressure of expansion vessel and adjust if necessary √ 4 Checking parts on damage, corrosion, function and leaks: 4.0.1 Gas valve / Venturi √ 402 4.0.2 Automatic de-aerator √ 4.0.3 Hydraulic connections √ 4.0.4 Siphon and condensate drain √ 4.0.5 Ignition and ionisation block √ 4.0.6 OSS heat exchanger √ 4.0.7 Condensate tray √ 5 Boiler/Burner in operation without air box/boiler cover: 5.0.1 Check flame √ 5.0.2 If flame is not stable - check adjustments and burner √ 5.0.3 Commissioning O²/CO² and Ionisation current √ 6 Additional checks: 6.0.1 Check all parts under over-pressure √ 6.0.2 Check combustion air intake √ 6.0.3 Check gas flow (Plausibility check) √ 6.0.4 Check O²/CO² √ 6.0.5 √ In case of multiple units - All activities should be carried out on all units! 6.0.6 Reassemble boiler cover √ 7 Boiler/Burner in operation with air box/boiler cover: 7.0.1 Check function central heating √ 7.0.2 Check function DHW √ 7.0.3 Check desired temperature and actual flow temperature (Plausibility √ check) 7.0.4 Write down running hours from MMI and reset counter √
66 Maintenance
Maintenance overview
year or four hrs. Pos. Nr.: Maintenance check list - THISION L ECO
very one .000
i ty d ast e y 16
Activ Ever a t le Remarks Switch off power supply to the boiler and close the gas valve! √ 1 Air box/Boiler cover 1.0.1 Check cover on impurence and damage √ 1.0.2 Necessary cleaning √ 1.0.3 Check the sealing and replace if necessary √ 2 Fan unit / Burner cassette 2.0.1 Check and clean fan unit √ 2.0.2 Check and clean top part heat exchanger √ 2.0.3 Check non return valve and replace if necessary √ 2.0.4 Check and clean burner cassette √ 2.0.5 Check and clean venturi √ 2.0.6 Check gas valve on corrosion and damage √ 2.0.7 Replace all gaskets from gas system which are disassembled √ 3 OSS heat exchanger 3.0.1 Check heat exchanger on corrosion and damage √ 3.0.2 Check heat exchanger on impurence and clean √ 3.0.3 Replace gasket between heat exchanger and burner cassette √ 3.0.4 Replace gasket between heat exchanger and top part √ Top-flushing the exchanger with water is not allowed! 4 Insolation pipe plate 4.0.1 Check insolation plates on pipe plates and replace if worn √ 5 Checking parts on damage, corrosion, function and leaks and replace if necessary: 5.0.1 Safety valve √ 5.0.2 Ignition and ionisation block √ 5.0.3 Replace gasket ignition and ionisation block √ 5.0.4 Automatic de-aerator √ 5.0.5 Hydraulic connections √ 6 Siphon/Condensate drain 6.0.1 Clean siphon and condensate drain √ 6.0.2 Check siphon and condensate drain on leaks √ 6.0.3 Replace gaskets of siphon and condensate drain √ 7 Condensate tray 7.0.1 Check condensate tray on corrosion and damage √ 7.0.2 Clean condensate tray √ 7.0.3 Replace gasket condensate tray √ 8 Circulation pump 8.0.1 Check circulation pump functions √ 8.0.2 Check pump on external damage and check noise √ 8.0.3 Check pump on leaks √ 9 Additional activities: 9.0.1 √ In case of multiple units - All activities should be carried out on all units! 9.0.2 After complete maintenance follow inspection check list √ 9.0.3 Open gas valve, switch on power supply √ 9.0.4 Check function central heating √ 9.0.5 Check function DHW √ 67Änderungen vorbehalten. Stand: 18.04.2013Errors (red screen)
- Blocking Bx01sc01 Fan does not run on correct speed (Reset necessary). This is a temporary error that will Fan defective. sort itself out, or it will block the Bx03sc01* Flow sensor T1 open boiler after several attempts (error) Bx03sc02* Flow temperature T1 too high (Except: Bx01sc01 = reset) Bx03sc03* Flow sensor T1a open Bx03sc04* Flow temperature T1a too high Bx05sc01* Return sensor T2 open Bx05sc02* Return temperature T2 higher than flow temperature Block. Bx08sc01* General purpose contact open
B000sc00 Bx12sc01* Bx12sc02* Water pressure sensor open Water pressure sensor closed Bx12sc03* Water pressure lower than 0.7bar. Top up Bx12sc04* Water pressure too high. Decrease pressure Bx12sc05* No pressure increase on pump start Bx13sc01* DT between T1 and T2 too high Bx15sc01* Communication error between controls
- Error Ex01sc01* Fan does not run on correct speed. Fan defective. Error implies a blocking of the boiler Ex02sc01* No flame after 4 start attempts and can only be solved by a reset Ex02sc02* Insufficient ionisation and/or intervention of a service Ex04sc01* Flow temperature T1 too high engineer. Ex04sc02* Flow sensor T1 closed Ex04sc03* Flow temperature T1a too high Ex04sc04* Flow sensor T1a closed Ex06sc01* Return temperature T2 higher than flow temperature Error Ex06sc02* Return sensor T2 closed
E000sc00 Ex18sc01* Ex14sc01* Flame detected when burner should not be operating DT not fast enough Ex14sc02* DT between T1 and T2 > 35°C
Message Mx24sc09 Temperature increase (Gradient) not fast enough after burner start M000sc00 Mx24sc10 Mx24sc11 DT between T1 and T2 > 35°C when gas valve opened Service required
* When this code is shown with an M instead of a B or E then a reset with the reset button is possible.
68Maintenance
Sensor resistanceSensor resistance Heating flow sensor Outdoor temperature sensorIn the adjacent table contains a list of Heating return sensorvalues for all boiler sensors, and for the DHW sensoroptional sensors that are contained in Flue gas sensorthe accessory kits. NTC10k (25°C) NTC1k (25°C)These tables show average values, Temperature [°C] Resistance [Ohm] Temperature [°C] Resistance [Ohm]since all sensors are subject tofluctuations. -10 55.047 -10 4.574 0 32.555 -9 4.358When measuring resistance values, he 10 19.873 -8 4.152boiler should always be switched off.Carry out measurements near to the 12 18.069 -7 3.958sensor, so as to avoid deviations from 14 16.447 -6 3.774the values. 16 14.988 -5 3.600 18 13.674 -4 3.435 20 12.488 -3 3.279 22 11.417 -2 3.131 24 10.449 -1 2.990 26 9.573 0 2.857 28 8.779 1 2.730 30 8.059 2 2.610 32 7.406 3 2.496 34 6.811 4 2.387 36 6.271 5 2.284 38 5.779 6 2.186 40 5.330 7 2.093 42 4.921 8 2.004 44 4.547 9 1.920 46 4.205 10 1.840 48 3.892 11 1.763 50 3.605 12 1.690 52 3.343 13 1.621 54 3.102 14 1.555 56 2.880 15 1.492 58 2.677 16 1.433 60 2.490 17 1.375 62 2.318 18 1.320 64 2.159 19 1.268 66 2.013 20 1.218 68 1.878 21 1.170 70 1.753 22 1.125 72 1.638 23 1.081 74 1.531 24 1.040 76 1.433 25 1.000 78 1.341 26 962 80 1.256 27 926 82 1.178 28 892 84 1.105 29 858 86 1.037 30 827 88 974 35 687 90 915 40 575
69System water additives
The system water additives, which are In case of a wrong use, and if thelisted in the table, have been released maximum concentration quantities areby the manufacturer and take into exceeded, then the guarantee for allconsideration the indicated dosage components that come in contact withquantities. heating water are null and void.
Fernox F3 Cleaner 500 ml / 100 litres For cleaning new and existing Liquid pH neutral universal cleaner CH-installations Removes sludge, for pre-commissioning new systems limescale and other debris.
Fernox F5 Cleaner, Express 295 / 100 litres For cleaning new and existing pH neutral universal cleaner con- CH-installations Removes sludge, centrate for pre-commissioning new limescale and other debris. systems
70Declaration of conformity
71Service:
72
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Contents tagged with ASP.NET!!
Convention.
MVC does this by default. When you create a controller named “Home” the class is HomeController and the views of the HomeController are found in /Views/Home for your project. When dealing with IoC containers there’s the task of registering your types to resolve correct.!
Getting Started with ASP.NET MVC 3, Logging, and Depency Injection in a logging system, and plumb in dependency injection in just a few minutes.
You’ll need Visual Studio 2010 with MVC 3 and NuGet installed. You can get MVC 3 from the main site here. Next install NuGet from here. The MVC 3 framework is obviously needed (Visual Studio 2010 only comes with MVC 2 out of the box) and NuGet is used to install our additional libraries (trust me, if you haven’t used NuGet before it will blow your mind).
First steps is to build a new MVC 3 app. File > New Project. Then select Visual C# > Web > ASP.NET MVC 3 Application and give it a name.
Click OK and you’ll see the options dialog for a new MVC 3 Application.
Pick Internet application as it will work for most everyone (Windows authentication works fine too but for this post it’s just easier to go with Internet). Let’s choose Razor for the view engine (ASPX is so 2011) and use HTML 5 markup (hey, it’s just a demo). We won’t create a unit test project but in a real project you’ll create one (or create a class library separately so you can use other unit testing frameworks).
We’re creating a project based on the template to give us a controller as we’ll inject our dependency into it later, otherwise we would have to create those. In a real project we might start with an empty template and create our own controllers from scratch (again, demo land, remember?).
Once you do that you’ll be at the Hello World project of the MVC world.
Okay, now we’re going to install two NuGet packages, Ninject and NLog. Ninject is an open source dependency injection framework and makes working with external dependencies (like infrastructure and services) a breeze. NLog is a free logging solution for .NET and allows you to write anything to almost any target including files, event logs, web services, mail, forms. You name it, it can write to it. I was using log4net for all my projects but lately I’ve switched over to NLog. It’s super-simple to use and highly flexible. Did I mention it’s available as a NuGet package?
Right click on the References in your project and choose Manage NuGet Packages…
Make sure you’re looking at the Online packages (sometimes the dialog will open up to installed packages or updatable ones). Type in “nlog” into the search box and you’ll see the filtered search results. Choose NLog Configuration from the options. If you already had a log configuration file you can just choose NLog to install the logger but since we’re starting from scratch we need a config file to start with. Selecting NLog Configuration and you’ll see it has a dependency on NLog so you can just install the one package which installs a starter config file and then drags along the library with it. Easy.
Once you’ve installed NLog you can enter “ninject” in the search box. This will bring up a list of packages for the dependency injection library Ninject by Nate Kohari. You’ll want to install the Ninject.MVC3 package by Remo Gloor and Ian Davis. This package will install Ninject itself and the extensions for MVC 3 (along with the bootstrapper for web projects. Ninject requires you to review and accept the license agreement before it will install so go ahead and do that.
Two packages and all of their dependencies but you’re now only a few minutes (yes, minutes) away from dependency injection heaven and MVC 3.
The first thing we’re going to do is create an interface that will be our logging system. We have a logger (NLog) but that’s an implementation and while we could scatter NLog statements all over the place, we would be tied directly to that library. If we decided to phase out NLog and replace it with another library (such as how I’ve shifted from log4net to NLog) we would have to go through everywhere in our code and replace the NLog calls with the next best thing.
This the one of the principles of dependency injection, abstraction, and SOLID. Creating an abstraction of an implementation to code against without tying ourselves to any one system (so to speak). At the end of the day we’ll still be calling into NLog functions but we’ll be doing it through an implementation class via our interface.
The other key thing about this approach is that we we can mock or stub out the actual implementation of our logger for unit testing. You can really do that (very well) with concrete implementations. Imagine having to start up a database, file system logger, and the Windows Event log service just to unit test some business code.
In addition to being able to test our code, we can also code to interfaces meaning that we don’t need the actual implementation until it comes time to actually perform the work. For example the project I’m currently working on is going to require to call out to web services and databases. These components are not built yet and won’t be for another month or so. I don’t want to halt the development of my app so I create service interfaces and repositories that will abstract these away from my system, allowing me to build a fully working (and tested) system (which just happens to use hard coded values for now). Later when those services appear I just build an implementation to talk to them and voila, my system is still working exactly the way it does today.
Okay, enough talk. Here’s the interface for our logging system. I’m borrowing from Rob’s approach by creating a folder called Infrastructure with a subfolder called Logging. In it I’ll create an ILogger interface that will let me write an information message (most logging systems have various levels of logging like Information, Warning, Errors, etc.)
And here’s my ILogger interface:
1: namespace MvcStarter.Infrastructure.Logging
2"> 2:<3"> 3:</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public interface</span> ILogger<4">5"> 5:</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> Info(<span style="color: #0000ff">string</span> message);<6">7"> 7:</span> }</pre>
Next we need an implementation. We’ll create one for NLog. This is a simple class that implements ILogger and provides the Info method (along with the setup needed for NLog to work). Here’s the NLogLogger class:
1: using NLog;
2:
3: namespace MvcStarter.Infrastructure.Logging
4: {
5: public class NLogLogger : ILogger
6: {
7: private Logger _logger;
8:
9: public NLogLogger()
10: {
11: _logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
12: }
13:
14: public void Info(string message)
15: {
16: _logger.Info(message);
17: }
18: }
19: }
We create a private variable of type NLog.Logger and create it in our constructor using the LogManager from NLog. Then to write using NLog we just call the Info method on the class, passing it our message.
There are a lot of other methods we can call and add to our interface so later maybe we’ll extend that but this is enough to get you started.
One more thing is that the default config file that was installed with the package is just that, blank. You need to tell it at least what target to use and what rules to apply to each target. The entire config file is documented online but you can just uncomment the sample implementation. Make sure to match up the logger rule (Trace in the config file) with your method you’re calling in the implementation. I just changed the minLevel of the NLog config file from Trace to Info to match our code.
That’s all you need to have logging working but how do we call it? And how does Ninject fit in?
Back when we installed Ninject it created a file for us. Go back to your project and check out the App_Start folder. Expand it and you’ll see a new file there called NinjectWebCommon.cs
This sucker is responsible for kickstarting Ninject for you. If you watched Rob’s video or saw some tutorials on the net they talk about changing the base HttpApplication to a Ninject one. That’s one approach but with MVC 3 and the NuGet package this way is much simpler. There’s nothing for you to do except tell Ninject what dependencies you want to deal with and how to resolve them.
Open up NinjectWebCommon.cs and scroll down to the RegisterServices method. This is where you’ll specify you own interfaces and concrete classes so Ninject can do it’s magic.
With a single line we’re going to tell Ninject this:
1: /// <summary>
2: /// Load your modules or register your services here!
3: /// </summary>
4: /// <param name="kernel">The kernel.</param>
5: private static void RegisterServices(IKernel kernel)
6: {
7: kernel.Bind<ILogger>().To<NLogLogger>().InSingletonScope();
8: }
What are we saying here? Simple. We’re telling Ninject to:
- Whenever you see the ILogger interface needed (e.g. passed into a constructor of a class)
- Resolve to the NLogLogger class
- Make it a singleton (i.e. only do it once and reuse it over and over again)
We’re making our logger a singleton because we don’t need to start NLog every time we want to log a message. You can also specify other scopes (like by thread or on demand) but for logging a singleton works.
Oh yeah, that’s it to hook up your dependency injection engine. And logging is ready to go.
Let’s give it a whirl. Crack open the HomeController class and add a constructor that takes in an ILogger interface then using that interface, write out a message when the Index method is called (i.e. our home page is visited). Here’s the modified HomeController class:
1: using System.Web.Mvc;
2: using MvcStarter.Infrastructure.Logging;
3:
4: namespace MvcStarter.Controllers
5: {
6: public class HomeController : Controller
7: {
8: private readonly ILogger _logger;
9:
10: public HomeController(ILogger logger)
11: {
12: _logger = logger;
13: }
14:
15: public ActionResult Index()
16: {
17: ViewBag.Message = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
18: _logger.Info("Home page visited");
19: return View();
20: }
21:
22: public ActionResult About()
23: {
24: return View();
25: }
26: }
27: }
We add an ILogger interface to the constructor. This trigger Ninject to figure out what implementation to grab (our NLogLogger one) and create it for us (or reuse it since we told it we wanted a singleton). Then we use that implementation in our Index() method to log a message.
Compile and run the app to visit the home page of your app and you’ll see this in your log:
1: 2012-05-15 19:18:38.8471 INFO Home page visited
That’s it. You have a logging system you can call anytime (just inject the interface into the class, Ninject will take care of the rest) and your project is setup with dependency injection and you’re ready to go. Now you can just add additional interfaces as you need them.
The awesome thing here is that a) you can now mock or stub out your logging implementation and test it and b) replace that implementation with some other logger any time and your code will still just work.
That’s the power of dependency injection.
As a bonus piece of information, now that you have the dependency injection setup you can use it any time in case you’re in a pinch and don’t need/want to inject the implementation into your class.
Here’s how you can call the logger from your Application_Start method (found in Global.asax.cs) before any controllers are fired up:
1: protected void Application_Start()
2: {
3: AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
4:
5: RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
6: RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
7:
8: DependencyResolver.Current.GetService<ILogger>().Info("Application Started");
9: }
See that last line? DependencyResolver.Current.GetService will use whatever IoC you have configured and return the implementation of that interface.
Okay, that’s enough to get started. Again, I encourage you to watch Rob’s *entire* video of setting up a new MVC project. Even though the video is for MVC 2, there are still a lot of idea that hold water in MVC 3 and it’s a great learning too (and free too).
Enjoy!
ASPInsiders, now with more me!
I’m pleased to say that I’ve recently been
coercedaccepted into the ASPInsiders group. The ASPInsiders is a group of a hundred or so propeller head geeks and geekettes that are dedicated in helping out the ASP.NET community through books, forums, blogs, and other community events. They also provide feedback to the ASP.NET team on developing technologies and will occasionally go out and have a good time at a bar (or two).
I feel honoured to be part of the group as it contains a whos-who list of top guns in the ASP.NET world and gobs of people I know and respect like Eli Robillard, Ben Scheirman, Rick Strahl, Julie Lerman, James Kovacs, Rachel Appel, and many many others.
Thanks guys for letting me into the cool kids club. I’m sure there’s some bathrooms that need cleaning up or something!
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hurry.resource style resources for YUI.
Project description
hurry.yui
Introduction
This library packages YUI for hurry.resource. It is aware of YUI’s dependency structure and different modes (normal, minified and debug) and resource rollups.
How to use?
You can import various bits of YUI from hurry.yui and .need them where you want these resources to be included on a page:
from hurry import yui .. in your page or widget rendering code, somewhere .. yui.datatable.need()
All the module names as listed here are available in the hurry.yui package. In addition rolled up modules are also available (such as reset_fonts_grids), but rollup inclusion will be done automatically so these need not to be referred to explicitly. See the hurry.resource documentation for more information.
This requires integration between your web framework and hurry.resource, and making sure that the original resources (shipped in the yui-build directory in hurry.yui) are published to some URL.
The package has already been integrated for Grok and Zope 3. If you depend on the hurry.zopeyui package in your setup.py, the above example should work out of the box. Starting with version 2.6.0.4 you do not need hurry.zopeyui anymore. Instead it is sufficient to depend on the hurry.zoperesource package in your setup.py.
Preparing hurry.yui before release
This section is only relevant to release managers of hurry.y.
To update to a newer version of YUI, adjust the constants in hurry/yui/prepare.py.
CHANGES
2.7.0.1 (2010-07-29)
- Compatibility with hurry.resource 0.10 and up.
- Automate YUI download during release with zest.releaser.
2.7.0 (2009-09-07) (YUI version 2.7.0)
- Updated to YUI version 2.7.0.
2.6.0.4 (2009-04-28) (YUI version 2.6.0)
- Add ZCML configuration from hurry.zopeyui. With Zope you can now use hurry.yui without additional hurry.zopeyui. Please make sure, however, that hurry.zoperesource is available at runtime.
2.6.0.3 (2008-12-03) (YUI version 2.6.0)
- Add the sam skin to hurry.yui. This is the consolidated minified SAM skin - the split up .css files would require more work to implement.
2.6.0.2 (2008-10-15) (YUI version 2.6.0)
- Update to work with hurry.resource 0.3.
- Extend tests to exercise minification of rolled up resources.
2.6.0.1 (2008-10-13) (YUI version 2.6.0)
- Much improved documentation.
2.6.0 (2008-10-11) (YUI version 2.6.0)
- Initial public release.
Download
Project details
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
Download files
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.
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Using a thread-safe dictionary in .NET C# Part 1: introduction
In this post we saw how to use the thread-safe counterpart of the Queue object, i.e. the ConcurrentQueue of T. The standard Dictionary class also has a thread-safe counterpart and it’s called ConcurrentDictionary which resides int the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace.
The ConcurrentDictionary is definitely a dictionary type but it can mimic other collection types if you need a thread-safe collection that doesn’t have a built-in concurrent counterpart such as a List. ConcurrentDictionary is more difficult to use than a standard dictionary so its usage cannot really be summarised in a single short post. Therefore we’ll go through the basics in a mini-series instead.
It implements the IDictionary interface just like Dictionary but some methods are hidden:
- Add: the standard Add method throws an exception if the provided key already exists. In a multi-threaded environment when different threads are reading from and writing to the same shared dictionary it’s difficult to know whether a key has been added by an other thread. Hence the usage of the Add method is discouraged in a ConcurrentDictionary
- Remove: the problem is the same as with the Add method but appears when an item is removed from the dictionary
- ConcurrentDictionary doesn’t allow the same content initialiser when constructing it
This last point means that the following initialisation…
Dictionary<string, int> movies = new Dictionary<string, int>() { {"Horror", 5}, {"Action", 10} };
…will fail for a ConcurrentDictionary:
ConcurrentDictionary<string, int> movieCategoriesOnstock = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, int>() { {"Horror", 5}, {"Action", 10} };
..with the exception saying that the ConcurrentDictionary doesn’t contain a definition for the Add method.
There are other methods that let you add, remove or update a key-value pair in a concurrent dictionary. We’ll continue with some of them in the next post.
View the list of posts on the Task Parallel Library here.
Pingback: Summary of thread-safe collections in .NET – .NET training with Jead
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How do I instantiate a bean whose constructor accepts parameters using the useBean tag?
Created May 3, 2012
Govind Seshadri Consider the following bean:You can now access this bean within any other page that is part of the same session as:
package bar; public class FooBean { public FooBean(SomeObj arg) { ... } //getters and setters here }
The only way you can instantiate this bean within your JSP page is to use a scriptlet. For example, the following snippet creates the bean with session scope:
% SomeObj x = new SomeObj(...); bar.FooBean foobar = new FooBean(x); session.putValue("foobar",foobar); %>
% bar.FooBean foobar = session.getValue("foobar"); %>
To give the bean "application scope", you will have to place it within the ServletContext as:
% application.setAttribute("foobar",foobar); %>
To give the bean "request scope", you will have to place it within the request object as:
% request.setAttribute("foobar",foobar); %>
If you do not place the bean within the request, session or application scope, the bean can be accessed only within the current JSP page (page scope).
Once the bean is instantiated, it can be accessed in the usual way:
<jsp:getProperty <jsp:setProperty
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The guys from Cloudera are now providing their basic Hadoop training for free online. The lecture about MapReduce algorithms was the first one I watched, and I couldn’t resist writing a Dumbo program that implements the last algorithm discussed in this lecture:
from dumbo import main, sumreducer from math import log def mapper1(key, value): for word in value.split(): yield (word, key[0]), 1 def mapper2(key, value): yield key[1], (key[0], value) def reducer2(key, values): values = list(values) N = sum(value[1] for value in values) for (word, n) in values: yield (word, key), (n, N) def mapper3(key, value): yield key[0], (key[1], value[0], value[1], 1) class Reducer3: def __init__(self): self.doccount = float(self.params["doccount"]) def __call__(self, key, values): values = list(values) m = sum(value[3] for value in values) for (doc, n, N) in (value[:3] for value in values): yield (key, doc), (float(n) / N) * log(self.doccount / m) def runner(job): job.additer(mapper1, sumreducer, combiner=sumreducer) job.additer(mapper2, reducer2) job.additer(mapper3, Reducer3) def starter(prog): prog.addopt("addpath", "yes") if __name__ == "__main__": main(runner, starter)
As suggested on the next to last slide, I avoided the need for a 4th iteration by already computing the TF-IDF weights in the 3th reducer, but apart from that, this program works exactly as explained in the lecture. When running it, you have to use the parameter option -param doccount=<number of documents> to specify the total number of documents (which could be calculated by another Dumbo program, if necessary), and since the first mapper expects the keys to be of the form (file path, offset in file), the option -addpath yes is also required, but this one is automatically added by the starter function.
The line
values = list(values)
in Reducer3.__call__ is where the buffering issue discussed in the lecture occurs. For words like “the”, it might not be possible to put all of the values returned by the iterator values into memory as a list, and while trying to do so the program might even cause some cluster nodes to start swapping like crazy, up till the point where they become completely unresponsive and need to be power cycled in order to bring them back. This happened a few times at Last.fm, which is why we added the -memlimit <number of bytes> option to Dumbo. By putting the line
have you considered a reasonable default dumbo memlimit?
I’ve thought about that yes, but never got round to implement it. It’s officially on the TODO list now though, so it’ll probably get added soonish.
[...] count words on a file per file basis (recall that the -addpath yes option makes sure the file path is prepended to the key passed to the [...]
[...] Remember the buffering problems for the TF-IDF program discussed in a previous post as well as the lecture about MapReduce algorithms from Cloudera’s free Hadoop training? [...]
[...] TFIDF weights for Wikipedia articles and incorporate it into the similarity [...]
years, and Rackspace has yet to take the bait. Meanwhile Dell launched its own IaaS and has sttared releasing open source software. Maybe Dell will take a look at Joyent? One challenge that would pose is that Joyent has its own
austin condos…
[...]Computing TF-IDF weights « Dumbotics[...]…
cheapsan francisco giants tickets…
[...]Computing TF-IDF weights « Dumbotics[...]…
What is the format of the input file?
What are key [0], key [1] and so on …. ?
Thank you.
Hey Flavio,
I updated the link to the slides. Hopefully that helps to clarify things…
Thank you!
Is there a book or manual about Dumbo ?
Not quite a book, but we do have some documentation:
In particular, the short tutorial is a good starting point I guess:
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Scope/Function names and labels
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
- Task
Explain or demonstrate the levels of visibility of function names and labels within the language.
- See also
- Variables for levels of scope relating to visibility of program variables
- Scope modifiers for general scope modification facilities
Contents
ALGOL 68[edit]
Algol 68 follows the traditional block structure scoping rules introduced by Algol 60.
A label, function (PROC), variable etc. declared in an outer block is only visible within that block and all inner blocks, unless another label, function, etc. is declared with the same name in an inner block.
In addition, functions etc. declared between IF and THEN are in scope in the THEN and ELSE parts, but declarations in the THEN part and not visible in the ELSE part (and vice versa), so the following is invalid:
IF PROC x = ...;
...
THEN
# can call x here #
PROC y = ...;
...
GO TO l1 # invalid!! #
ELSE
# can call x here, but not y #
...
l1: ...
FI
Similarly, declarations between WHILE and DO are in scope between DO and OD and those declared between CASE and IN are visible in the IN and OUT parts of a CASE.
Note that labels cannot be defined between IF and THEN, between WHILE and DO and between CASE and IN.
AWK[edit]
In awk, function names are always global and can be referenced in sections of code appearing before the definition:
# This program outputs a greeting
BEGIN {
sayhello() # Call the function defined below
exit
}
function sayhello {
print "Hello World!" # Outputs a message to the terminal
}
Note that the awk extraction and reporting language is data driven and does not support arbitary line labels.
Axe[edit]
Function names (which are also labels) are global in Axe. They can be accessed from anywhere in any source file that gets compiled together.
BASIC[edit]
Line numbers are used instead of labels. These are also immediately accessible as soon as the line is entered, even if the program is not run:
GOTO 50: REM THIS WILL WORK IMMEDIATELY
The visibility of functions depends on the implementation. Most versions of basic will allow a function to be referenced from a point in the code prior to its definition. However, other implementations may require the function definition to be run, before it can be used:
10 DEF FN S(A)=A*A
20 PRINT FN S(2): REM THIS WILL WORK
30 PRINT FN C(2): REM CALLING A FUNCTION PRIOR TO DEFINITION MAY NOT WORK
40 GOSUB 9000
50 PRINT FN C(2): REM THIS WILL WORK
60 END
9000 DEF FN C(A)=A*A*A
9999 RETURN
bc[edit]
Functions have global scope and must be defined before usage. A defined function can be replaced with a newer definition later in the file. Recursive calls are possible because function are considered as defined within their own body.
There are no labels in bc.
f(1) /* First output line */
define f(x) {
return(x)
}
f(3) /* Second output line */
define f(x) {
return(x - 1)
}
f(3) /* Third output line */
- Output:
Runtime error (func=(main), adr=3): Function f not defined. 3 2
C[edit]
Demonstrating function scope as well as goto in a C program invariably leads to code like the one below. The Wikipedia article is a good starting point.
/* Abhishek Ghosh, 8th November 2013, Rotterdam */
#include <stdio.h>
#define sqr(x) ((x) * (x))
#define greet printf("Hello There!\n")
int twice(int x)
{
return 2 * x;
}
int main(void)
{
int x;
printf("This will demonstrate function and label scopes.\n");
printf("All output is happening through printf(), a function declared in the header stdio.h, which is external to this program.\n");
printf("Enter a number: ");
if (scanf("%d", &x) != 1)
return 0;
switch (x % 2) {
default:
printf("Case labels in switch statements have scope local to the switch block.\n");
case 0:
printf("You entered an even number.\n");
printf("Its square is %d, which was computed by a macro. It has global scope within the translation unit.\n", sqr(x));
break;
case 1:
printf("You entered an odd number.\n");
goto sayhello;
jumpin:
printf("2 times %d is %d, which was computed by a function defined in this file. It has global scope within the translation unit.\n", x, twice(x));
printf("Since you jumped in, you will now be greeted, again!\n");
sayhello:
greet;
if (x == -1)
goto scram;
break;
}
printf("We now come to goto, it's extremely powerful but it's also prone to misuse. Its use is discouraged and it wasn't even adopted by Java and later languages.\n");
if (x != -1) {
x = -1; /* To break goto infinite loop. */
goto jumpin;
}
scram:
printf("If you are trying to figure out what happened, you now understand goto.\n");
return 0;
}
- Output:
This will demonstrate function and label scopes. All output is happening throung printf(), a function declared in the header stdio.h, which is external to this program. Enter a number: 5 You entered an odd number. Hello There! We now come to goto, it's extremely powerful but it's also prone to misuse. Its use is discouraged and it wasn't even adopted by Java and later languages. 2 times -1 is -2, which was computed by a function defined in this file. It has global scope within the translation unit. Since you jumped in, you will now be greeted, again! Hello There! If you are trying to figure out what happened, you now understand goto.
Eiffel[edit]
Functions (routines which return a result), procedures (routines which have no result) and variables are considered features of a class and follow the same visibility rules. Eiffel allows for information hiding, where features can be selectively hidden from particular classes.
All features are assigned (at compile-time) to a particular scope defined by the most-recently preceding feature clause. Various feature clauses are given below, from least restrictive (most visible) to most restrictive (most hidden).
--assume A, B and C to be valid classes
class X
feature -- alias for "feature {ANY}"
-- ANY is the class at the top of the class hierarchy and all classes inherit from it
-- features following this clause are given "global" scope: these features are visible to every class
feature {A, B, C, X}
-- features following this clause are only visible to the specified classes (and their descendants)
-- classes not in this set do not even know of the existence of these features
feature {A, B, C}
-- similar to above, except other instances of X cannot access these features
feature {X}
-- features following this clause are only visible to instances of X (and its descendants)
feature {NONE}
-- NONE is the class at the bottom of the class hierarchy and inherits from every class
-- features following this clause are only visible to this particular instance of X
end
Erlang[edit]
The scope of an Erlang function is limited to the module where it is declared. It is possible to modify function scope by exporting a function from a module. There are no labels.
-module( a_module ).
-export( [exported_function/0] ).
exported_function() -> 1 + local_function().
local_function() -> 2.
Go[edit]
Go is block scoped and has both functions and labels.
Functions can only be declared at the "top level" in a source file, that is, not nested or declared inside of anything else. This gives them "package scope," making them visible within a package (which can consist of multiple source files.) A They are not visible outside their package unless "exported." They are exported if the function name begins with an upper case letter, specifically Unicode class "Lu."
A "function literal" is different than a declaration. It is an expression that returns a function value, which can be assigned or passed around like any other value.
A function definition, either a top-level declaration or a function literal, represents a function block.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"ex"
)
func main() {
// func nested() { ... not allowed here
// this is okay, variable f declared and assigned a function literal.
f := func() {
// this mess prints the name of the function to show that it's an
// anonymous function defined in package main
pc, _, _, _ := runtime.Caller(0)
fmt.Println(runtime.FuncForPC(pc).Name(), "here!")
}
ex.X(f) // function value passed to exported function
// ex.x() non-exported function not visible here
}
package ex
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
)
// X is exported.
func X(x func()) {
pc, _, _, _ := runtime.Caller(0)
fmt.Println(runtime.FuncForPC(pc).Name(), "calling argument x...")
x()
}
func x() { // not exported, x not upper case.
panic("top level x")
}
- Output:
ex.X calling argument x... main.func·001 here!
Labels can only be declared in function blocks. The scope is the function block where the label is declared excluding any nested function blocks.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
// labels loop and y both in scope of main
loop:
for false {
continue loop
}
goto y
y:
y := 0 // variable namespace is separate from label namespace
func() {
// goto loop ...loop not visible from this literal
// label y in outer scope not visible so it's okay to define a label y
// here too.
y:
for {
break y
}
y++ // regular lexical scoping applies to variables.
}()
fmt.Println(y)
}
// end: // labels not allowed outside function blocks
- Output:
1
haskell[edit]
Functions are considered global in haskell and can be referenced in the sections of code appearing before the function definition. The following code illustrates the same. add2 was declared after add3 and used in add3. The variables x,y and z are local to the function.
add3 :: Int -> Int-> Int-> Int
add3 x y z = add2 x y + z
add2 :: Int -> Int -> Int
add2 x y = x + y
main :: putStrLn(show (add3 5 6 5))
- Output:
ghci>main 16
In the function below the functions g and h are local to the function getSquaredSum. They cannot be called from anywhere outside the function.
getSquaredSum :: Int-> Int-> Int
getSquaredSum x y = g x + h y
where
g a = a*a
h b = b*b
- Output:
ghci> getSquaredSum 3 4 25 ghci>h 4 <interactive>: 115:1:error: Variable not in scope: h :: Integer -> t
Icon and Unicon[edit]
In both languages, function names (including procedure names - functions are language builtins while procedures are written in the language) have global scope. In Unicon, class methods are locally visible within the class but must be referenced through the class instance externally.
There are no labels in either language.
J[edit]
NAMES
J is scoped lexically but with non-nested block scope. Nesting can be emulated, where that is required. But deep nesting can be difficult to understand and debug so the coder is penalized (with a bit of extra work) for implementing deep nesting.
Specifically, J provides two scopes for user defined names:
Local scope, names defined using =. will have local scope if a block scope exists.
a=. 1
Locale scope, names defined using =: will have locale scope (and the base locale is used by default).
b=: 2
Names may include a locale qualifier. A locative is a qualified name. Locale qualifiers contain two _ characters, are a suffix on what would be the unqualified name. Locale qualifiers come in two forms: absolute and relative. Relative locale qualifiers use another name in the current locale to identify the target locale. Absolute locatives place the locale name between the two _ characters, while relative locatives name the locale reference following the pair of _ characters.
c_thingy_=: 3
d=: <'test'
e__d=: 4
b + e_test_
6
If a local definition exists for a name, it is an error to use use =: to assign that name (use a locative instead of the unqualified name if you really need to do this).
verb define ''
f=. 6
g=: 7
g=. 8
g=: 9
)
|domain error
| g =:9
Meanwhile, there is a global current locale (default: base) but each verb's definition is evaluated with the current locale being the locale where that verb was defined.
Name resolution first checks for local definitions for a name, and if none are found the current locale is checked, and if nothing is found there the current locale's search path is used to check other locales. By default the z locale is included as the last element of this path. (And, since the z locale contains the system defined words, removing it from a locale's path will break most things in that locale.)
The current locale during the execution of a verb is the locale where that verb was defined. But the current locale can be changed when the current named verb finishes using
18!:4.
If you want to emulate static nested scope (or dynamic scope) you need to arrange for the desired behavior using the locale path mechanism.
LABELS
Labels are available in explicit definitions, and are names beginning with label_ and ending with a .. You may use them with a goto which is a name beginning with goto_ and ending with a .. Use of labels is restricted to the scope where they are defined, and they cannot be used to enter control structures (except in the sense of the normal entry point).
<label j>example=:3 :0
if. y do. echo 0 goto_a. echo 1 else. echo 2 goto_a. echo 3 end. echo 4 label_a. echo 5
)
example 1
0 5
example 0
2 5</lang>
jq[edit]
jq is scoped lexically.
A function can only be called within its definition or following it, it being understood that functions can in effect be passed by name as parameters to other functions.
A further restriction is that inner functions are invisible outside their enclosing function, an inner function being one which is defined within the body of another.
A function that is not defined within an inner function will be called a top-level function. The lowest-level function in which an inner function is defined will be called its enclosing function.
If more than one outer function has the same name, then the last definition effectively overwrites the first, at least as far as subsequent invocations are concerned.
A similar rule applies to two inner functions defined within the same enclosing function. Otherwise, inner functions of the same name can co-exist. In particular, a function named NAME may define an inner function of the same name. For example:
def NAME:
def NAME: 2;
1, NAME; # this calls the inner function, not the outer function
NAME # => 1, 2
Mutually Defined Functions The "declare-before-use" rule means that two top-level functions cannot be defined in terms of each other. Consider the following example:
def F(x): if x == 0 then M(x) else 1 end; # NOT POSSIBLE
def M(x): if x == 1 then F(x) else 2 end;
There are several possible workarounds using inner functions. For example, if both F and M must be top-level functions, we could define them as follows:
def F(x):
def M(x): if x == 1 then F(x) else 2 end;
if x == 0 then M(x) else 1 end;
def M(x): if x == 1 then F(x) else 2 end;
If F and M are not required to be top-level functions, then both F and M could be defined as inner functions of the same enclosing function.
Kotlin[edit]
Functions in Kotlin can be declared at top level, within a class/object/interface or can be nested within another function.
Top level functions (i.e. functions declared outside any class) support three levels of visibility:
1. public - visible everywhere (the default if no modifier is used).
2. internal - visible anywhere within the same module.
3. private - visible only within the current file.
Functions declared within a class support four levels of visibility:
1. public - visible everywhere its class is visible (the default if no modifier is used).
2. internal - visible anywhere within the same module that its class is visible.
3. protected - visible only inside its class or any sub-classes thereof.
4. private - visible only inside its class.
Functions declared within an object (i.e. a singleton class) support the same levels of visibility as a normal class except for 'protected'.
Functions declared within an interface are usually public but can be private if they have a body.
Functions declared within another function do not have any visibility modifiers but are in scope from their point of declaration to the end of the enclosing function.
In Kotlin any expression can be marked with a label (an identifier followed by an @ sign). Currently, they are used with the 'break', 'continue' or 'return' keywords - to break out of the labelled loop, to continue with the next iteration of the labelled loop or to return from a labelled lambda expression, respectively.
Such labels are in scope from their point of declaration to the end of the corresponding block.
Labels can also be used with the 'this' keyword to distinguish between different outer scopes (classes or function receivers) where there is more than one to choose from.
The following program illustrates some of these usages.
// version 1.1.2
// top level function visible anywhere within the current module
internal fun a() = println("calling a")
object B {
// object level function visible everywhere, by default
fun f() = println("calling f")
}
open class C {
// class level function visible everywhere, by default
fun g() = println("calling g")
// class level function only visible within C
private fun h() = println("calling h")
// class level function only visible within C and its subclasses
protected fun i() {
println("calling i")
println("calling h") // OK as h within same class
// nested function in scope until end of i
fun j() = println("calling j")
j()
}
}
class D : C(), E {
// class level function visible anywhere within the same module
fun k() {
println("calling k")
i() // OK as C.i is protected
m() // OK as E.m is public and has a body
}
}
interface E {
fun m() {
println("calling m")
}
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
a() // OK as a is internal
B.f() // OK as f is public
val c = C()
c.g() // OK as g is public but can't call h or i via c
val d = D()
d.k() // OK as k is public
// labelled lambda expression assigned to variable 'l'
val l = lambda@ { ->
outer@ for (i in 1..3) {
for (j in 1..3) {
if (i == 3) break@outer // jumps out of outer loop
if (j == 2) continue@outer // continues with next iteration of outer loop
println ("i = $i, j = $j")
}
if (i > 1) println ("i = $i") // never executed
}
val n = 1
if (n == 1) return@lambda // returns from lambda
println("n = $n") // never executed
}
l() // invokes lambda
println("Good-bye!") // will be executed
}
- Output:
calling a calling f calling g calling k calling i calling h calling j calling m i = 1, j = 1 i = 2, j = 1 Good-bye!
Oforth[edit]
Functions are global and must be defined before use. Methods are global and must be declared before use. They can be used before a method implementation.
Perl 6[edit]
First a little hand-wavey exposition. The lines are rather blurry in Perl 6 between subroutines, methods, operators and functions. Methods are associated with an object and are inheritable. Subroutines and operators are not. Other than that though there is a lot of overlap. "A function" doesn't really have a specific definition, but is more of a generic term used when talking about code reference type of things.
Methods don't have a separate scope from the object they are attached to. If the object is in scope, the method will be.
A subroutine is really just another type of object. It has a code reference and has ROUTINE semantics attached to it. The same holds for operators. Operators are really just subroutines with a funny calling convention. That being the case, scoping for subroutines very closely follows scoping rules for any other Perl 6 variable type.
In general, subroutines are "my" variables by default (if you don't specify, the "my" is implicit), meaning scoping is lexical to the enclosing block and flows inward. A subroutine defined within a block will be visible to everything inside that block, even other blocks within that block. However, any inner block can define its own subroutine with the same name and that will be used in preference to the routine from an outer block. That implies you can easily override / redefine core functions from the Perl 6 setting. The setting is the collection of built in functions supplied by Perl 6, typically and somewhat incongruously referred to as "CORE" even though technically it is the outermost scope. ( SKIN? BARK? CRUST? ... oooo! EXOSKELETON! :-) )
Alternately, subroutines may be declared as an "our" variable making it a package global, visible anywhere in the packages' namespace. That is somewhat discouraged though as it pollutes the namespace and reduces the granularity of control.
There are several ways to modify the relative scope of a subroutine (any item in the symbol table really) by adding modifiers to)
# call a routine before it has been defined
say log(); # prints: outer
# define a subroutine that overrides a CORE function
sub log { 'outer' };
{
# redefine the subroutine in this block
sub log { 'inner' };
{
# redefine the subroutine yet again
sub log { 'way down inside' };
# call it within this block
say log(); # prints: way down inside
# call it from the block one level out
say &OUTER::log(); # prints: inner
# call it from the block two levels out
say &OUTER::OUTER::log(); # prints: outer
# call it from the outermost block
say &UNIT::log(); # prints: outer
# call a subroutine that is post declared in outermost scope
outersub()
}
{
# subroutine in an inner block that doesn't redefine it
# uses definition from nearest enclosing block
say log(); # prints: inner
}
# call it within this block
say log(); # prints: inner
# call it from the block one level out
say &OUTER::log(); # prints: outer
}
sub outersub{
# call subroutine within this block - gets outer sub
say log(); # prints: outer
# call subroutine from the scope of the callers block
say &CALLER::log(); # prints: way down inside
# call subroutine from the outer scope of the callers block
say &CALLER::OUTER::log(); # prints: inner
# call the original overridden CORE routine
say &CORE::log(e); # prints: 1 ( natural log of e )
}
Labels are less interesting and are typically useful only for control flow in looping constructs. They generally follow the same scoping rules as "my" variables. There is nearly always easier ways to do control flow though, so they aren't heavily used.
Phix[edit]
Functions are private (restricted to a single file) by default, or can be made global by prefixing the definition with the global keyword to make it visible everywhere.
PL/I[edit]
Functions are normally internal to a program. If they are at the nesting level
immediately within the program, they are accessible from anywhere in the program.
Functions can also be encapsuled in a package, and the function name exported.
Functions can be compiled separately, and then linked with a program
in which case they are globally accessible.
PowerShell[edit]ervice
{
Get-Service | Where-Object {$__Scopes
Get-Help about_Scopes
Python[edit]
- In Python; our chief creator of new scopes is a function definition ... functions and classes... classes and functions... Our two creators are functions and classes... and files... Our three creators are ... I'll come in again.
Some (rather dry) rules are:
- All names, (of functions, classes, as well as variables), are scoped in the same way.
- A names scope is its closest enclosing file, function, or class.
- Names belong to the scope where they are assigned-to (or bound)
- Cf.
- Ka-Ping Yee has a tutorial on the above here.
- This Python Enhancement Proposal: PEP 3104 introduces the non-local keyword of Python 3.
- And of course, this!
Racket[edit]
Racket inherits the strict lexical-scopedness of Scheme, so function bindings (like any other bindings) are visible only within their scope. For example
(define (foo x)
(define (bar y) (+ x y))
(bar 2))
(foo 1) ; => 3
(bar 1) ; => error
but that applies only to the *bindings* -- the actual function values (like other values) can be passed around freely:
(define (foo x)
(define (bar y) (+ x y))
bar)
(foo 1) ; => #<procedure:bar>
((foo 1) 2) ; => 3
But it should be noted that Racket is flexible enough to make it possible to implement other kinds of scope.
REXX[edit]
In REXX, labels (which are also the name of in-stream procedures (or subroutines or functions) are identified by:
- (optional blanks)
- a REXX symbol
- (optional blanks)
- a colon (:)
- (optional blanks)
- (optional semicolon (;)
- (optional blanks)
(all of the above are normally contained on one line (record), but may (syntactically) be continued by the normal REXX rules for continuation.
Any label can be referenced from anywhere in the REXX program (global scope).
Multiple labels (with the same name) are not considered an error in the REXX language; the first label found (topmost) is used.
/*REXX program demonstrates the use of labels and also a CALL statement. */
blarney = -0 /*just a blarney & balderdash statement*/
signal do_add /*transfer program control to a label.*/
ttt = sinD(30) /*this REXX statement is never executed*/
/* [↓] Note the case doesn't matter. */
DO_Add: /*coming here from the SIGNAL statement*/
say 'calling the sub: add.2.args'
call add.2.args 1, 7 /*pass two arguments: 1 and a 7 */
say 'sum =' result /*display the result from the function.*/
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
add.2.args: procedure; parse arg x,y; return x+y /*first come, first served ···*/
add.2.args: say 'Whoa Nelly!! Has the universe run amok?' /*didactic, but never executed*/
add.2.args: return arg(1) + arg(2) /*concise, " " " */
output
calling the sub: add.2.args sum = 8
Ruby[edit]
'def' starts the definition of a method, and 'end' ends it - no cute little curly braces.
def welcome(name)
puts "hello #{name}"
end
puts "What is your name?"
$name = STDIN.gets
welcome($name)
return
output
What is your name? xyz hello xyz
Sidef[edit]
In Sidef, the same rule which is applied to variable scoping, is applied to functions and classes as well, which means that a function defined inside another function is not visible outside the current scope.
# Nested functions
func outer {
func inner {}; # not visible outside
}
# Nested classes
class Outer {
class Inner {}; # not visisble outside
}
Tcl[edit]
There are a number of different symbol types in Tcl, all of which are handled independently. Each namespace contains a mapping from (simple) command names to command implementations; when a command is looked up, the search is done by looking in the current namespace, then in the namespaces on that namespace's path (which is usually empty), and finally in the global namespace. There are no local commands (unlike with variables, though a lambda expression in a variable can act very similarly to a command). Commands only have a mapping after they have been created; the
proc “declaration” is just a command that creates a procedure at the point where it is called.
doFoo 1 2 3; # Will produce an error
proc doFoo {a b c} {
puts [expr {$a + $b*$c}]
}
doFoo 1 2 3; # Will now print 7 (and will continue to do so until doFoo is renamed or deleted
Tcl does not support labels, either outside or inside procedures. (Other mechanisms are used for jumps and state machines.)
UNIX Shell[edit]
There is no lookahead in the shell, so functions cannot be called until their definition has been run:
#!/bin/sh
multiply 3 4 # This will not work
echo $? # A bogus value was returned because multiply definition has not yet been run.
multiply() {
return `expr $1 \* $2` # The backslash is required to suppress interpolation
}
multiply 3 4 # Ok. It works now.
echo $? # This gives 12
The shell does not support the use of arbitrary line labels.
zkl[edit]
zkl has no labels.
Functions have two modifiers, public (the default) and private. Private is the same as public inside the compilation unit, outside that unit/file, a private function can only be accessed via reflection.
class C{ fcn [private] f{} }
ZX Spectrum Basic[edit]
Functions are visible as soon as they are entered, even if the program is not run. Line numbers are used instead of labels. These are also immediately accessible as soon as the line is entered, even if the program is not run:
9000 REM The function is immediately visible and usable
9010 DEF FN s(x)=x*x
PRINT FN s(5): REM This will work immediately
GO TO 50: REM This will work immediately
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Scope/Function_names_and_labels
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
refinedweb
| 4,769
| 61.56
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Red Hat Bugzilla – Bug 149348
gij fails due to non-executable memory issue
Last modified: 2007-11-30 17:11:00 EST
Description of problem:
Just as with gcc head, gij fails as in:
Version-Release number of selected component (if applicable):
gcc-java-3.4.3-19
How reproducible:
Always
Steps to Reproduce:
1. Input HelloWorld like so:
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, world.");
}
}
2. gcj -C HelloWorld.java
3. gij HelloWorld
Actual results:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at gnu.gcj.runtime.FirstThread.call_main() (/usr/lib/libgcj.so.5.0.0) __libc_start_main (/lib/tls/libc-2.3.4.so)
Expected results:
Hello, world.
Additional info:
I believe Bryce McKinlay is working on back-porting the gcc head fix
to the gcc34 branch.
I have it backported, just haven't built the packages yet.
Cool. I'd like to build a new version of gjdoc (an actual released non-beta
version this time) and that depends upon this. It's not a huge deal, though.
BTW, will you apply your backported fix to upstream as well?
FYI I have checked in the patch to the upstream gcc 3.4-branch
Should be fixed in gcc-3.4.3.
|
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=149348
|
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My Journey
Like many, I first started styling React with inline CSS. It was an adjustment coming from stylesheets but I really liked the ability to define localized styles and leverage the power of Javascript. Of course, there were issues such as performance and lack of pseudo-selector support, but overall I was happy with it and there was no compelling reason or deficiency to search for another way to style my components.
When I was first introduced to Styled Components, I was a bit apprehensive of the benefits, having gotten used to inline CSS for so long. After all, React documentation (at the time), still used inline CSS for all their examples. As I prototyped the framework, I discovered a best of both worlds between inline CSS and traditional stylesheets.
Styled Components
While defined very differently, Styled Components act fundamentally like React components. They both take props as input and output HTML.
Let’s take this sample button component styled similarly to Bootstrap’s buttons with Styled Components.; } `;
The styled component factory is imported and used to generate a button with styles using a template literal (
...). This factory supports all valid HTML elements whether that be div, h1, p, etc. Similarly, the styles in the template literal accepts all valid CSS so you can go crazy with complex CSS selectors.
Usage
Once defined, they act exactly like React components and are used in the exact same way — JSX. After all, Styled Components are simply React components with some styling.
const App = () => { return ( <Button onClick={() => alert('clicked!')} Button </Button> ); };
Styled Component Button
Just like React components, Styled Components also accepts props and are defined in the same exact way. Styled Components will pass all (valid) DOM properties to the DOM.
Internals
Okay, so how does this work? What wizardly process is happening internally?
At render, Styled Components will generate a unique classname based on the defined styles.
Styled Components will inject a style tag (
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https://plainenglish.io/blog/the-modern-way-to-style-with-styled-components
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At the risk of simply repeating the document on modules, to run a method from a different python file you can use either of the following code snippets. The first gives you access to all the methods and variables inside of the file (note you don’t need the file extension) from within its own namespace. The second just the method you requested inside of your own namespace.
# Want access to all of the file's methods import file file.method_name() # Just want a single method without anything from file import method_name method_name()
Both statements allow an optional as command to change the name. In the first case this changes the namespace (more on this later). The second changes the the name of the reference name for the method or variable. You will see the from … import a lot in code on the Internet although I tend to stay clear of it. There are a few things to be aware of
# Imports everything (with caveat) from file # overwrites any object with the same name you already had from file import * # does not work from file import method_name,another_method as new_name,another_name # new_name refers to another_method, method_name is no longer available from file import method_name,another_method as new_name
However how do you get access to a python file that is not in the same directory as calling python script, or the PYTHONPATH environment variable / registry value? There are two variations.
The paths search are held in a list object called sys.path and can be manipulated at runtime. Just add the your required path to this list. Don’t replace the list or you’ll lose access to all your standard libraries. As an example, the following code allows you to import any python file from either C:\PythonModules or the modules directory off the
import sys,os sys.path.append(r"C:\PythonModules") # getcwd gets the current working directory and add modules directory sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),"modules"))
If the file you wanted to import was in a sub-directory that is already in your search path you can use the package notation. This works no matter how deep inside the directory structure the file is. So you could a import a file from the sub-directory modules \ local \ custom with the following code. Notice as gives you a shortcut rather than typing in the full namespace each time.
import modules.local.custom.file as mymod mymod.mymethod()
The limitation of this method is that each directory will need a __init__.py file in each directory. In the above example there would have to be a __init__.py file the modules, local and custom directories. This file can be empty or can contain initialisation code where required but if it does not exist, the directory will not be searched.
Python 3 users also note that importing a module creates a __pycache__ directory in the files location where it stores the compiled .pyc file rather than storing it in the same directory as the file which it what happened previously. So in Python 3 the above would create __pycache__ directories in modules, local and custom.
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https://quackajack.wordpress.com/tag/package/
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{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-} module Foreign.Storable.Asymmetric where import Foreign.Storable import Foreign.Ptr import Control.Applicative -- | Used as a placeholder for no data. data NoData = NoData instance Storable NoData where sizeOf _ = 0 alignment _ = 1 peek _ = return NoData poke _ _ = return () -- | A data structure where peek reads one structure, and poke writes another. data DifferentPeekPoke a b = PeekOut b | PokeIn a -- | Retrieves the 'peek' structure from a DifferentPeekPoke. getPeek (PeekOut b) = b getPeek (PokeIn a) = error "Attempt to call getPeek on poke input" instance (Storable a, Storable b) => Storable (DifferentPeekPoke a b) where sizeOf _ = max (sizeOf (undefined :: a)) (sizeOf (undefined :: b)) alignment _ = max (alignment (undefined :: a)) (alignment (undefined :: b)) peek ptr = liftA PeekOut $ peek (castPtr ptr) poke ptr (PokeIn a) = poke (castPtr ptr) a poke ptr (PeekOut b) = poke (castPtr ptr) b
|
http://hackage.haskell.org/package/foreign-storable-asymmetric-0.0.1/docs/src/Foreign-Storable-Asymmetric.html
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please upgrade lp:parrot
Would you please upgrade the lp:parrot vcs-import to bzr 2a format?
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Allison Randal <email address hidden>
Date: 11 March 2010 00:34
Subject: Upgrading the Launchpad bzr import
To: Martin Pool <email address hidden>
We received the following request on the Parrot developer list to update
the lp:parrot bzr mirror of the parrot svn repository. The original
import was done by the launchpad team, so the owner listed on lp:parrot
is the vcs-imports team. What's the best way to go about getting an
update to the bzr format?
Thanks,
Allison
On 3/10/10 5:38 AM, Parth Malwankar wrote:
> Hello,
>
> As a bzr user I prefer to follow the parrot import on launchpad[1]
while
> studying parrot.
>
> During the branching I started seeing some issues like 'bzr branch'
taking
> too long and connection timeout.
>
> After some discussion and experiments[2] it seems that the launchpad
> branch is in a very old format (0.92) and newer bzr clients 2.x need
to
> do a lot of work in converting the format for any operation. Changing
> this to 2a would make dealing with launchpad branch very efficient
> (disk space, speed and memory). Might I suggest that the launchpad
> owner upgrade the branch to 2a format. It would make life a little
> easier for bzr users :-)
>
> Note that 2a format requires bzr 2.x client which has been out for
> quite some time now. People having local branch would need create
> their local branch again ('bzr branch lp:parrot') once this conversion
happens.
>
> I talked to the #bzr folks on irc regarding how this can be done.
>
> <parthm> hello. i am planning to suggest the lp:parrot owner to
> upgrade the repo format to 2a. whats the suggested way to upgrade an
> lp branch. l believe lp:parrot is an svn imported branch.
> https:/
> <spiv> I think the owner of the branch can click an "upgrade format"
> button in the web UI now.
>
> Regards,
> Parth
>
> [1] https:/
> [2] https:/
#7)
> _______
> http://
>
--
This message was sent from Launchpad by the user
Allison Randal (https:/
using the "Contact this team" owner link on the VCS imports team page.
For more information see
https:/
--
Martin <http://
Question information
- Language:
- English Edit question
- Status:
- Answered
- Assignee:
- Tim Penhey Edit question
- Last query:
-
- Last reply:
-
|
https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad/+question/103941
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-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Records and Arrays (#170)
In a typical application, you might use what is commonly referred to
as an “array of records.” Essentially, this is a single array
containing multiple objects that represent the same kind of structured
data, either as defined class or OpenStruct instances. Take, for
example, this bit of code that reads in some data regarding people:
their names, ages and favorite colors.
require 'ostruct' data = [] File.open("data.txt").each do |line| name, age, color = line.chomp.split(/,/) d = OpenStruct.new d.name = name d.age = age d.color = color data << d end
The variable
records is considered an “array of records”, since to
get any particular piece of data, you must first access it as an array
(to get a particular record), then access it as a record (to get a
particular field).
> p data[3].name => "Matthew" > p data[3].age => 36
However, at times, it is more convenient to store data as a “record of
arrays”. Instead of one array containing multiple records, you have
one object (i.e. record) containing multiple, parallel arrays. Access
to data then is done first as a record, then as an array.
> p data.name[3] => "Matthew" > p data.age[3] => 36
This sort of arrangement is useful when you want to access series of
data at a time. For example, if I have a graphing component that takes
two arrays – one for the domain axis, and another for the range axis
– a “record of arrays” will make accessing that data trivial.
Your task this week is to define two functions that move data
between “array of records” storage and “record of arrays” storage.
def aor_to_roa(arr) # This method accepts an array of records, and # should return a single record of arrays. # # This is your task! end def roa_to_aor(rec) # This method accepts a record of arrays, and # should return a single array of records. # # This is also your task! end
You should make this work with OpenStruct; do not limit yourself
to the example records shown above.
There are two, optional extra-credits for this week.
Extend these two functions to accept arbitrary classes.
As an alternative to these two functions, create an adapter class
that can wrap around “array of records” data to provide a “record of
arrays” interface without actually moving data about.
|
https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/records-and-arrays-170/143448
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Linker script patch in rts/Linker.c doesn't work for (non-C or non-en..) locales
Please see ticket:2615#comment:95729 and replies.
A bug is illustrated by this Haskell program:
import ObjLink import Foreign import Foreign.C.Types import Foreign.C.String foreign import ccall "setlocale" c_setlocale :: CInt -> CString -> IO CString main = do withCString "zh_CN.UTF-8" $ \lc -> c_setlocale 5 lc r <- loadDLL "/usr/lib/libc.so" putStrLn (show r)
which outputs:
Just "/usr/lib/libc.so: \26080\25928\30340 ELF \22836"
The "\26080\25928\30340 ELF \22836" part is "无效的ELF头" in Chinese.
This error only occurs on systems where linker scripts are used. The linker script patch (as it has evolved) assumes that the error messages it will receive are in English. This would be true if the locale (LC_MESSAGES) is C or en (or one of the en variants). However, in other locales, the message will be in a different language. Unfortunately, the semantics of POSIX dlerror() specify that the error is returned as a pointer to a human-readable text string, rather than an error code. The string returned depends on the locale.
The code could be made more robust by momentarily changing the locale (LC_MESSAGES) to C before calling dlerror() and reverting it to its previous value immediately after. This has been tested on a zh_CN.utf-8 (see ticket:2615#comment:95752) and works. The only concern I have is in the case of multithreaded code that might be affected if it is running while the locale is changed. I don't know enough to know if this is a real issue or not, nor do I know how to deal with it if necessary.
Also see #9237 for another corner case in the linker script code that should be dealt with at the same time.
|
https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/issues/10046
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CodePlexProject Hosting for Open Source Software
I want to have a default value for my content part when someone creates one.
I've tried two things that haven't worked.
1. Setting a default value in the DataMigration like this:
.Column("Height", DbType.Int32, column => column.NotNull().WithDefault(400))
This did create the database tables as I expected, but creating a new content part didn't have the default in it.
2. Using the DefaultValue attribute in the content part like this:
[DefaultValue(400)]
public int Width
{
get { return Record.Width; }
set { Record.Width = value; }
}
Is either of these the right way to go, but I've done it wrong, or should I be doing something else?
Thanks,
Richard Garside.
I tried exactly what you did, with the same result.
I only found one way to get it to work: using a handler. The handler allows you to provide code that will get visited when various events occur (i.e. handle part events). In particular, you need to pass your default-value-setting code to the 'OnInitializing'
method.
Here is an example part handler class that does what you're trying to do above:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Orchard.ContentManagement.Handlers;
using Orchard.Data;
using Contrib.MyModule.Models;
namespace Contrib.MyModule.Handlers
{
public class MyPartHandler : ContentHandler
{
public MyPartHandler(IRepository<MyPartRecord> repository)
{
Filters.Add(StorageFilter.For(repository));
OnInitializing<MyPart>((context, part) => {
part.Width =
400;
});
}
}
}
Did you try setting them from the record constructor, which is what I see in about every place I looked for such things in the main project?
Just recapping from our discussion over at for viewers over here:
When a model derives from ContentPart instead of its generic counterpart ContentPart<TPartRecord>, then the record constructor isn't available (for all intents and purposes). This happens to appertain to a few of the models in my project, so
I tend to forget about TPartRecord, even when I shouldn't. : )
As you kindly point out, for all but the rarest use cases, the TPartRecord constructor is the place to do it. For the remainder cases, though, the above technique can be quite handy.
Ah, I see, makes sense, yes.
The record constructor works for me.
Seems obvious now.
Are you sure you want to delete this post? You will not be able to recover it later.
Are you sure you want to delete this thread? You will not be able to recover it later.
|
http://orchard.codeplex.com/discussions/247136
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I've been reading and researching and from what I understand is that rand() uses some sort of algorithm that requires its seed to be initialized by some sort of value... so, srand(time(NULL)); uses the system clock, which changes every second, to provide that number. Without using srand(time(NULL)); all of my random numbers came out to be exact same thing over and over. Now.... what is NULL? Is it just a command to reset the value every time the program restarts? Why do I even need to use it... why doesn't rand() just do the random thing every time on its own?
I can just use it without getting too much into it, but I forget things easily or don't use them much if I don't understand them fully.
This is my little guess game I did for the Google C++ exercise. It works... I just want to understand everything I've done fully. Most of the resources on this subject sound like they written by lawyers.
// BK: Guess the number game. #include <iostream> #include <time.h> using namespace std; int main() { // Define two variables: random_number is the random number chosen // by the program and guessed_number is the user input. int random_number, guessed_number; // Initialize random seed. srand(time(NULL)); // Generate random number between 1 and 100 random_number = rand() % 100 + 1; cout << "Guess the number (1 to 100): "; do { if (!(cin >> guessed_number)){ cout << "Please enter only numbs." << endl; } else { if (random_number < guessed_number){ cout << "The secret number is lower." << endl; } else if (random_number > guessed_number){ cout << "The secret number is higher." << endl; } } } while (random_number != guessed_number); cout << "Congratulations! You've guessed the right number (" << random_number << ")." << endl; system("PAUSE"); return 0; }
Also, an odd thing I've noticed is that when I removed #include <time.h> all together, the program functioned the same..... Why?
|
http://forum.codecall.net/topic/72413-solved-c-srandtimenull-and-rand/
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Hi,
Could you please help point out the logic error in the following codes, & give a hint for fixing the error? This is an exercise for control loop and vectors, so I'm not allowed to use a function with an argument as a vector.
Thanks a lot.
Code:
// Exercise 16 - Chapter 4
// Control statements, if statements & vectors
#include "std_lib_facilities.h"
int main()
{
int x = 0;
unsigned int i = 0;
unsigned int j = 0;
vector<int> numbers;
cout << "Enter a series of positive integers: ";
while (cin>>x) {
numbers.push_back(x);
}
cout << "You have entered: ";
for (i=0; i<numbers.size(); ++i)
cout << numbers[i] << ' ';
sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end());
cout << "\nIn ascending sorted order: ";
for (i=0; i<numbers.size(); ++i)
cout << numbers[i] << ' ';
int prev_count = 0;
int curr_count = 0;
int mode = 0;
for (i=0; i<numbers.size(); ++i) { // for each element of the vector "numbers"
for (j=0; j<numbers.size(); ++j) { // compare it to all its other elements
if (numbers[j]==numbers[i]) // if 2 elements equal, increment the count (curr_count)
++curr_count;
}
if (curr_count>prev_count) { // if the current count greater than previous count
mode = numbers[i]; // the mode is set to equal that element of the vector
prev_count = curr_count; // set previous count == current count & repeat above steps
curr_count = 0; // set current count to zero after finishing the check on each of the elements
}
}
cout << "The mode is " << mode << '\n';
}
|
http://cboard.cprogramming.com/cplusplus-programming/122965-fining-mode-vector-numbers-logic-errors-printable-thread.html
|
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I am new to MVVM and I'm hoping somebody can clarify a couple things for me. I need to have a label that displays a date in my main view.
I made a model class "Date":
public class Date
{
DateTime _date;
public DateTime Date { get { return _date; } }
}
Do I need to make a ViewModel for Date and then pass that in to MainViewModel? Could I use
Date directly in MainViewModel or would that be a bad idea?
If this is the case, does every model need its own ViewModel even if it will only be used in the main ViewModel? Or is there another way to go about this? Does "Date" even need to be its own model?
Any advice or tips would be greatly appreciated. Sorry for the torrent of questions; my goal is to learn how to implement MVVM properly and efficiently.
You don't need a viewModel per class at all. Just implement InotifyPropertyChanged properly and set your model instance in your mainviewModel.
Date doesn't need it's own model, just set it in a property that implement the propertyChanged event.
private DateTime _Date; public DateTime Date { get { return _Date; } set { if (value != _Date) { _Date = value; RaisePropertyChanged(() => Date); } } }
You don't need 1 to 1 relationship between Models and ViewModels. The ViewModel's purpose is to expose the things needed to be bound to the View in the way the View needs them. That can be simple properties of built in types like bool and DateTime or they can be complicated structures (like types in your own Model).
I would say that Date already is its own model. It models a date & time for you. You just didn't create the structure yourself. Just put the Date property directly on your MainViewModel and use it.
Models dont NEED viewmodels. But if the model is the basis for data being presented on the UI then the viewmodel will need to hold an instance of that model. It may even be better to not have a Date model at all and just hold the DateTime property in the viewmodel. Your question is based around too simple an example to really give you advice so maybe I can point you to a place where you can get some more broad information.
This code project project could help you learn more about how to design your current solution.
It shows a good example of how the model and viewmodel interact and hopefully will help your understanding of the concept
If the date belongs to the main (parent) view, simply incorporate it in MainViewModel as a property, that you will later bind your view to. I don't see a reason to create a new class for Date, we already have one in .NET.
If you need to update time (like digital clock), simply do it by asynchronously updating the member and propagating changes to the View by implementing
OnPropertyChanged.
ViewModel is a mediator between the model and the view. It's something that transforms your data (model) the way it can be presented later by views. Does this make sense for you? You'll usually end up with one viewmodel for one view, but that doesn't mean you necessarily need to have the exact number of models. You can have 10 models and only a single view with a single viewmodel, and it wouldn't matter. MVVM is about separation, it doesn't mean you have 1/1/1 situation.
Furthermore,
Model is kinda abstract term for multiple things. It doesn't only mean
entity classes, but it's pretty much everything that isn't dependent on UI (data access, business logic, services..)
Opinions are different on this topic, but I understand MVVM like this:
You have some classes and some logic between them, that create your core structure. It usually contains data access and some services as well. Then you decide you need some UI, so you will use Views as a presenting media, but you need to fill the gap between your app and your UI. And here come viewmodels, that's their role.
Does this make sense for you?
The ViewModel is just the Model for the View. It is representation. The VIewModel uses data from your Model to bind it to the View. Every View should have its ViewModel but thats not the case for Models and ViewModels. In your case the MainView has just a MainViewModel. In MainViewModel you would write something like this :
private Date myDate; public Date MyDate{get{return myDate;}}
And in MainViewModel you just bind to MyDate property. You can see that MainViewModel uses the Date Model class creates a property and the View Binds to it. And the answer is no you dont need a ViewModel for each Model class.
|
http://www.dlxedu.com/askdetail/3/964183cabcb1eeefddc03b6160f969d7.html
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[QUOTE=Salem;1110664]What T are you using as the type for your list?
If it's a class, and it lacks a copy constructor, then your internal assignments are broken (when you copy the data)[/QUOTE]
Very true, for now I just designed the class to take simple types (i.e. chars, ints, floats....). Here's the source file for testing the template:
[CODE]
// TEST program for "Linked Node" & "Linked List"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Creating a linked list of INTs with 5 elements:\n";
LinkedList<int> tList;
tList.append(3); tList.append(5); tList.append(7); tList.append(9); tList.append(11); tList.append(13); cout << "\nOutputting list: "; tList.printlist(); cout << "\nCreating new list based on old list:\n"; LinkedList<int> newList(tList); cout << "\nOutputting list: "; newList.printlist();
}
[/CODE]
You're absolutely right I forgot to initialize, thanks for the tip :) I added mFirst = 0 and mLast= 0. The error, however, still persists.
I read that this may have to do with trying to delete a dyn mem allocation that was already deleted, but I don't see any problem with my destroy() routine....
I seemed to have figured it out, C++ doesn't seem to like compiling header files alone (at least in terms of templates perhaps). I implemented a test source file with it and now it compiles fine.
Now, however, I have another problem (of course!): I run accross the following assertion failure after running the program in debug :
_BLOCK_TYPE_IS_VALID(pHead -> NBlockUse)
Although my test .cpp isn't shown here, in it I simply instantiate an object of LinkedList with the default constructor (which works fine).
On the other hand, I then instantiate another object using the class's copy constructor and it creates this error, any ideas?
Thanks to all,
Ivan
Hi everyone,
For practice I am trying to code a simplified version of the template "std::list" but have come accross the LNK1120 + LNK2001 errors.
After looking in Visual Studio's documentation and some investigation, it seems the two most common causes are: 1) invalid calls in the code to things which don't exist, or 2) invalid project settings.
I can't seem to find any of these two problems in my code/project. On the other hand, I have also heard that these errors may be the result of some limitation in C++ where one template cannot call another one defined outside the calling header file, but I'm not sure about this last one.
In any case, I would really appreciate if someone could take a look at the following code and give me a hand. Thanks!
[CODE]
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
class LinkedList
{
public:
LinkedList();
~LinkedList();
LinkedList(const LinkedList& rhs);
void append(T copieddata); void printlist(); void destroy();
private:
LinkedNode mFirst;
LinkedNode mLast;
};
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::LinkedList()
{
mFirst = 0;
mLast= 0;
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::~LinkedList()
{
destroy();
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::destroy()
{
if (mFirst != 0 )
{
LinkedNode<T> current = mFirst;
while ( current != 0 )
{
LinkedNode<T> oldnode = current;
current = current->next;
delete oldnode;
oldnode = 0;
}
}
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::printlist()
{
LinkedNode<T>* current = mFirst;
while ( current != 0 )
{
cout ...
Just a quick intro about me: I'm a 30 year old guy going through C++ and directX courses from the Game Institute. I signed up to Daniweb for additional support to an already well designed program (IMO). Once I finish, I'm hoping to get 2 or 3 other like-minded individuals to work on a small game for digital distribution.
Pleased to meet you all!
[QUOTE=Agni;1104449]Consider Abin to be of size 10 and Bbin to be of size 8 now according to your code since Abin.size() > Bbin.size(), Cbin is resized to Abin.size(), hence 10
Then jump to line 25, you have a loop which goes upto CbinSize, which is 10 and you end up accessing Bbin[8] which could either throw an error or end up giving out some garbage.[/QUOTE]
Wow, I can't believe I didn't see that, thank you very much!
One of the requirements imposed on this exercise is to give binary output as a char string but not necessarily perform the calculations in this form.
I just realized that bit operations work fine on integers: I could have done all the operations on A and B as ints and then convert the resulting C back to binary, a lot more efficient!
Cheers,
Ivan
[CODE];
}
[/CODE]
|
https://www.daniweb.com/members/689260/jetsetivan/posts
|
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| 747
| 67.99
|
Hi,
I was trying out the pytorch Mask R-CNN/Faster R-CNN tutorial and noticed a few problems.
Problem #1:
The first thing you see when you open the page is that there is a google colab you can open, but this link doesn’t work anymore.
I have pytorch 10.0 installed and torchvision 0.11.1.
I ignored the not existing google colab notebook and tried just running the code in the tutorial, and experienced some more problems.
Problem #2:
import transforms as T
Did not work, as there was no transform package, I tried pip install transforms, but that is another unrelated package. I eventually fixed this by changing it to:
import torchvision.transforms as T
Problem #3:
In the tutorial this line of code is given:
data_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=2, shuffle=True, num_workers=4, collate_fn=collate_fn)
This causes problems because collate_fn is not an existing function, or I can’t find it. I tried looking in torch and torchvision but couldn’t find any collate_fn.
The putting everything together paragraph the tutorial states:
“In references/detection/, we have a number of helper functions to simplify training and evaluating detection models. Here, we will use references/detection/engine.py, references/detection/utils.py and references/detection/transforms.py. Just copy everything under references/detection to your folder and use them here.”
I have no idea where to find these folders to paste in my solution folder, I suspect the solution to my problem can be found there. Does anyone know where I can find them?
I downloaded the PennFudanDataset, I installed pycocotools because I am using a windows machine. I feel like I followed the appropriate steps.
Am I missing something? Or is this tutorial outdated and not possible to follow?
Thank you for your help in advance
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https://discuss.pytorch.org/t/problems-with-pytorch-mask-r-cnn-tutorial/135649
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Hello,
So I started learning Python 3 every day and I started officially on June 1st 2020. I’ve been spending a few hours everyday coding on Python 3 from the very start which is the Syntax and have completed every step of the way including projects and quizzes that are in the pro membership, I’ve now reached classes and objects and I’m starting to understand the constructor, self etc which I had been taught in class but always found it hard since I didn’t have the basic fundamentals to start with, but now I do kind of so far. I’ve only done the projects that were in the Python 3 course and not the ones listed.
So for this exercise in Learn Python: Classes, I do have a basic understanding but as we move on to the Learn Python: Inheritance and Polymorphism part, it starts to feel a bit confusing and overwhelming as I’m given all these things to learn. Here you can see what I mean by feeling a bit confused with all of these methods.
By providing the information above, I would like to ask, what is the best way to learn it, I have tried and watched Youtube video’s explaining what it does which I’ve found useful etc.
But for example, this piece of code which is the 7th Dunder Methods exercise, I found confusing for the add method especially the part for the new_red = min(self.red + other.red, 255). I don’t understand what it does or means.
def add(self, other): """ Adds two RGB colors together Maximum value is 255 """ new_red = min(self.red + other.red, 255) new_blue = min(self.blue + other.blue, 255) new_green = min(self.green + other.green, 255) return Color(new_red, new_blue, new_green)
I also have another question regarding Googling everything. Do I only google things I don’t know how to do or google everything even If know how to do it but forget like a for loop, not just the syntax but even the concept? I know the point of coding is to learn how the concept works, but when I learn so much code, I tend to forget how things work, obviously, I know how a for loop works but it’s just an example.
Thanks
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https://discuss.codecademy.com/t/needing-tips-for-classes-and-objects/509322/2
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Now that we are all proficient with modular exponentiation thanks to my previous post, it is time to tackle a more complicated issue, still in the realm of modular arithmetic.
While addition, subtraction and multiplication are “compatible with the congruence relation” introduced by modular arithmetic, the same doesn’t happen with division. This means that solving a simple equation such as a·x = 1 (mod m) is anything but trivial. In fact, determining x = a-1 (mod m) that fulfills that equation is the whole object of this post…
There is, as always, the brute force approach, which I always like to visit first, so that I can later congratulate myself on how much the efficiency has improved with my deep insight. In this particular case, brute force means trying every number between 1 and m-1, and see if the m-modulo of its product with a is 1. :
def modInv1(a,m) : """ Computes the modular multiplicative inverse of a modulo m, using brute force """ a %= m for x in range(1,m) : if a*x%m == 1 : return x return None
Do notice that the possibility of no multiplicative inverse existing is contemplated in the code. This will actually be the case if a and m have any common factors, i.e. if they are not coprime. So the previous code could serve as a moron’s approach to determining if two numbers are relatively prime. Not that I recommend it, though, as it should be clear that the code I have just produced will be very inefficient for large values of m.
The Extended Euclidean Algorithm
As stated, we are after a number x that fulfills a·x = 1 (mod m). This can of course be written as well as a·x = 1 + m·y, which rearranges neatly into a·x – m·y = 1. Since x and y need not be positive, we can write it as well in the standard form, a·x + m·y = 1. If a and m are coprime, this is a particular instance of a·x + b·y = gcd(a,b), where gcd(a,b) is the greatest common divisor of a and b. This equation is known as Bézout’s identity, and can be efficiently solved using the extended Euclidean algorithm. To find a solution to our particular equation, this algorithm would proceed as follows:
- Rewrite the equation as an·xn + mn·yn = 1, starting with n = 0
- Compute the quotient, qn, and the remainder, rn, of an divided by mn, and rewrite the original equation as (mn·qn + rn)·xn + mn·yn =1
- Rearrange the terms in the equation to get mn·(qn·xn+yn) + rn·xn = 1
- Do the changes of variables
- xn+1 = qn·xn+yn,
- yn+1 = xn,
- an+1 = mn, and
- mn+1 = rn
- Repeat the process, until an = 1, and mn = 0.
- Such equations has the trivial solution xn = 1, yn = 0.
- Work your way back to x0 and y0, noting that
- xn-1 = yn,
- yn-1 = xn – qn-1·yn
- x0 is the number we are after.
There is a certain component of faith in believing that, eventually, an = 1 and mn = 0. It is in fact not always the case, as if a and m are not coprime, then the values we will arrive at are mn = 0, but an = gcd(a,m). As a matter of fact, the gcd is normally computed using the Euclidean algorithm, dropping the adjective extended, which basically does the same as above, but without the back-tracking of the xn‘s and the yn‘s. With all of this in mind, we can write two functions, one calling the other, as follows:
def extEuclideanAlg(a, b) : """ Computes a solution to a x + b y = gcd(a,b), as well as gcd(a,b) """ if b == 0 : return 1,0,a else : x, y, gcd = extEuclideanAlg(b, a % b) return y, x - y * (a // b),gcd def modInvEuclid(a,m) : """ Computes the modular multiplicative inverse of a modulo m, using the extended Euclidean algorithm """ x,y,gcd = extEuclideanAlg(a,m) if gcd == 1 : return x % m else : return None
The gains in speed are tremendous with this new approach. Again, write your own testing function as an exercise, but mine spits out the following results…
>>> testModInv(1234,5,10000)
Got 4 using method 1 in 0.0160000324249 sec.
Got 4 using Euclidean algorithm in 0.0309998989105 sec.
>>> testModInv(1234,56789,10000)
Got 31800 using method 1 in 59.4000101089 sec.
Got 31800 using Euclidean algorithm in 0.047000169754 sec.
So while brute force is good enough, or even the best choice, for very small values of m, as soon as it grows, the benefits of the more elaborate algorithm are all too obvious. According to wikipedia, the algorithm we have coded has complexity O(log(m)2), i.e. time required to compute the modular multiplicative inverse is proportional to log(m)2.
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https://numericalrecipes.wordpress.com/tag/modular-arithmetic/
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More general approach to i18n in Ext
Intro: Background
Our products are localized to 7 languages (with tendency to grow).
We use various independent APIs on the backend side, two or more in one application.
Because of that, we find that it will be easier to localize our products on the frontend side with english language as reference.
What we got in Ext?
Ext is localized in various places.
A little bit in Date and Ext.util.Format objects, then of course we have got ext-lang-xx.js files... just to mention a few places.
Some parts are good, some not... as in real world
Date
Date is vary general object - it is its strength as well as weakness (sometimes).
There is no natural/common way to localize date formats.
November 16, 2003 may be localized as '11/16/2003' (US format 'm/d/Y') as well as '2003-11-16' ('Y-m-d').
The date format is parameter here.
Ext.util.Format
Ext.util.Format behave like there is US and TheRestOfTheWorld, or US and nothing more.
The 1st approach I used to call 'I can live with it... for a while at least', the 2nd one IMHO is just inappropriate for such a professional framework.
- Ext.util.Format.number()
- quite good as far as You can live only with 'comas' and 'dots' as a separators. Unfortunately sometimes there is a need to have other separators like 'space' for grouping.
- Ext.util.Format.plural()
- It may be hard to imagine, but there are other languages with more than one plural form, and it's not so easy as to add 's' or another magic character to singular form.
- Ext.util.Format.usMoney()
- yes, we have a little bit more than one currency... unfortunately. Should we add euMoney(), ukMoney(), jpMoney()? Maybe a more general function will work for all of us?
ext-lang-xx.js
For me, the problem with ext-lang-xx.js files is redundancy, but frankly speaking, I got no good solution for this...
After all it works, so 'do not touch' may be the right way
In general... Yes, we can override functions, or extend objects just to have what we need, but sometimes it just don't work or it's wrong if we need portable and universal code.
Our solution
We got separate i18n class so we got all in one place.
It's not a singleton, so we can have as many instances as we need.
It may be helpful when more than one language is needed at the same time.
i18n got few config params so we don't need to override functions to have different results.
Numbers
Code:
var EN = new Our.i18n({ group: ',', dec = '.' }); var PL = new Our.i18n({ group: ' ', dec = ',' }); EN.number(1234567890.987, '0.00'); // => '1,234,567,890.99' PL.number(1234567890.987, '0.00'); // => '1 234 567 890,99'
The key approach is to translate the strings 'on the fly', so we can translate texts in JavaScript files as well as from AJAX requests.
Each instance of i18n has got its dictionary, few params and translation functions that works according to dictionary and params.
Translation engine is based on GNU gettext - i18n has _() and _n() functions that allows to translate text with optional context.
Code:
Ext.ns('App'); App.i18n = new Our.i18n({ lang: 'en', pluralForms: 2, plural: function (n) { return (n == 1 ? 0 : 1); }, dict: { __default__: { single: { 'new': 'New' }, plural: { 'car': ['1 car', '{0} cars', 'no car'] } }, 'super': { single: { 'new': 'Super New' }, plural: { 'car': ['1 super car', '{0} super cars', '{0} super cars'] } } } }); App.i18n._('new'); // -> 'New' App.i18n._('new', 'super'); // -> 'Super New' App.i18n._n('car', 2); // -> '{0} cars' App.i18n._n('car', 2, 'super'); // -> '{0} super cars' App.i18n._n('car', 0); // -> 'no car' App.i18n._n('car', 0, 'super'); // -> '{0} super cars'
In each i18n instance we have defined few date/time format params, so we can use uniform syntax and got variable response. The main problem here is naming convention, as usually
Code:
var EN = new Our.i18n({ date_YMD: 'm/d/Y' }); var PL = new Our.i18n({ date_YMD: 'Y-m-d' }); var now = new Date(); var lang = PL; now.format(lang.date_YMD); ... //then we can switch the language lang = EN; now.format(lang.date_YMD);
Outro
After over 18 months of development We've got few ideas about i18n of Ext and apps based on it. (If it will help, we can share the code.)
It's not a perfect solution, but maybe it will led to more general and universal approach to localization in Ext?
Do we know the plans for i18ning the ExtJS 4.0 ?...
|
https://www.sencha.com/forum/showthread.php?104572-More-general-approach-to-i18n-in-Ext&s=9ecf50246c914577df595db5b93cd4d7&p=495654
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Task Scheduling in JAVA
Task Scheduling in JAVA
....
TaskScheduling.java
import java.util.*;
class Task extends TimerTask...( new Task(), 3000);
}
}
Output of the program :
Download Source
Java task scheduling
Java task scheduling What is a task?s priority and how is it used in scheduling
Java scheduling
Java scheduling What is a task's priority and how is it used in scheduling
Java scheduling
Java scheduling What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing? Under preemptive scheduling, the highest priority task executes until it enters the waiting or dead states or a higher priority
Job scheduling in Java
Job scheduling in Java Job scheduling in Java
In my new Java... a program in java to execute certain task in a specific time or after a regular... of all please explain me what is job scheduling in Java and how one can use
Java scheduling
Java scheduling What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing
Thread scheduling
Thread scheduling What is the algorithm used in Thread scheduling? Java uses fixed-priority scheduling algorithms to decide which thread to execute. The Java run-time environment supports a very simple, deterministic
Scheduling a Timer Task
Scheduling a Timer Task
In this section, you can learn how to schedule a timer
task to run.... This program asks you for the way of performing the task whether
at the certain
Java Timer Task
Java Timer Task How to assign a task in java at specified date & time (with seconds) using threads).
task 2 - Java Beginners
task 2 Write a time server that follows the time protocol outlined in RFC 868.
When a client connects, the server sends a 4-byte, big-endian, unsigned integer specifying the number of seconds that have passed since 12:00 A.M.
task 1 - Java Beginners
task 1 Please write a Java client that send a small letters string to a Java server which convert it to uppercase letters and send it back to the client. Please submit both the client and server programs Hi Friend
Job scheduling with Quartz - Java Server Faces Questions
Job scheduling with Quartz I have an JSF application deployed... to database. It works fine but when the Quartz scheduler fires a job it accquires... while initialization or while calling the job. Hi,How you
task
How to disable task manager using java
How to disable task manager using java How to disable task manager using java
Task manager enable and disable thru java
Task manager enable and disable thru java I would like to know, how to enable and disable task manager using java.
Kindly, please Let me know... stream lets an application read primitive Java data types from an underlying input
Input and Output package
Input and Output package Hi guys,
My professor used input and output... she used
in.readint()
out.writeln() commands to read input and print output.
she created two new objects directly to use this statements.
/* input and
output
output Sir,I am experiencing some problems with the output of this program.I got some useful help this website,but the output of the program isn't producing what it should.let me explain the output below is what happen when
Process Flows Output - Java Beginners
Process Flows Output Hi, I have been asked to get a particular structure as the output. the assignment is as follows Any process flow has..... there might be a split activity sumwhere in the process, that splits the process flow
Input / Output in Easiest Method in Java
Input / Output in Easiest Method in Java How to input from keyboard, both strings and characters and display the result on the screen with the easiest method in Java?
Hi Friend,
Try the following code:
import
Output of this one - Java Interview Questions
Output of this one
public class Test {
int i=-277;
{
try{
if(Byte i<<1)
{
System.out.println("Executed");
}
else... errors.
The following code displays "Executed" as an output.
public class
Redirecting the console output into a file in Java
Redirecting the console output into a file in Java Hi,
i coded a program that read specific lines from a text file.
It's working well.
Now i want to redirect the output of the console to a text file.
i used your tutorial
servlets output to jsp - JSP-Servlet
servlets output to jsp hey i have writing a code lately and wanted to print the output to the jsp page from the servlet.the servlet would read the command prompt n thn return the output as string to the jsp page
here
How to capture output from console into textarea in java?
How to capture output from console into textarea in java? Hi,
I would like to know how can we display the result of a program in java into a textarea instead of displaying it on console.
Thanks
Java Input/Output Examples
Java Input/Output Examples
In this tutorial you will learn about how the Inputs and outputs are managed in java. To understand the Java Input
& Output there is a package in java named java.io which
provides the classes
plz explain me the output of program - Java Beginners
plz explain me the output of program Hi friends,
can u please explain me the output of below program with proper explanation of each and every line...;Hi Friend,
Output of this program is:
a=2
b=0
c=0
mul=27
volume=18
How to get the output of jsp program using Bean
How to get the output of jsp program using Bean Hello my Roseindia... the ouput.i want the output of the program .i posted the same program below so... i created in Java and compiled
<%@ page language="java" import="beans
How to get the output of JSP program using Bean
How to get the output of JSP program using Bean Hi
Kindly go... created in Java and compiled
<%@ page language="java" import="beans" %>... want the output of the program ,so please tell me the Solution Please
Introduction to Quartz Scheduler
brief features.
Quartz Schedular is extensively used for Job Scheduling in
java applications. Here, you will learn how Quartz Job Scheduler helps you to
develop job scheduling application in Java. We will show you the examples to use
Q - Java Terms
Q - Java Terms
Java Quartz Framework
Quartz is an open source job scheduler. It provides powerful
mechanisms for job scheduling. It can
j2me timer and timer task
Java Quartz Framework
Java Quartz Framework
...
mechanisms for job scheduling. It can be used with any application using JSE... application written in java as
this is entirely written in Java.
It can be used
Solving task 1 by 1 from bundle of task data
Solving task 1 by 1 from bundle of task data Hello and namaste guys... of row.row means task.in each task, there will be an information like userid, Taskid, user_input
i have to use the information for eash task to solve the task...;/target>
While executing the jar file using java -jar command it is throwing
Task Tag Decorator
Task Tag Decorator
In large projects there are a lot of task tags like
TODO, FIXME, etc. and Eclipse provides only plain list of all these task tags
which I
Output of flex
Output of flex hi.......
please provide the name of the output file.
What is the output of flex applications?
please rply ASAP........
Thanks
triangle output
triangle output program to get the following output
Creating custom output using XMLUnit - MatchTracker duplicates the output data
Creating custom output using XMLUnit - MatchTracker duplicates the output data how to create a custom output using xmlunit, I have tried it and used... in input xml and I am having duplicate data in output
|
http://www.roseindia.net/tutorialhelp/comment/94181
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due to parsing the TCP header, splitting fields, pulling in external descriptions, etc. Looking beyond the headers is far less structured, because applications do the structuring on their own, which in turn makes external descriptions hard to, er, describe -- hence the hard- wired C approach. The only "complexity" is the growing amount of application descriptions, but each application function is completely isolated. Here's the DPI hook function (a bit simplified for the context of this discussion): li_get(const struct li_packet *packet, const struct li_flow *flow) { unsigned int i; if (!packet->app_len) { return (LI_UNKNOWN); } for (i = 0; i < lengthof(apps); ++i) { if ((apps[i].p1 == flow->type) || (apps[i].p2 == flow->type)) { if (apps[i].function(packet, flow)) { return (apps[i].number); } } } /* * Set 'undefined' right away. Only one chance for * each side of the flow. This makes it easier for * a rules engine to do negation of policies. */ return (LI_UNDEFINED); } apps is an array of all of the available application functions. It looks something like this: static const struct li_apps apps[] = { LI_LIST_APP(LI_PPTP, pptp, IPPROTO_TCP, IPPROTO_GRE), LI_LIST_APP(LI_HTTP, http, IPPROTO_TCP, IPPROTO_MAX), /* more stuff here */ }; Really, that's all there is to it. > So another example might be: "pass proto tcp app $someapp divert-packet > $someproxy", with $someproxy handling the second stage? Yes, that looks reasonable. "proto tcp" may be zapped as well. If we are talking use cases the biggest ones would be traffic shaping and policy enforcement in general (no SMTP to the outside, blocking non-TLS stuff on port 443, etc.) > Yes, this is clearly a less messy approaach than opendpi ;) I probably shouldn't say I worked for these guys a few years ago. Nobody would believe me I never touched the DPI code, but it's the truth! Franco
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https://www.mail-archive.com/tech@openbsd.org/msg14187.html
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1. Overview
Goals:
2. Create and set up a Firebase project.
Access to data in Cloud Firestore is controlled by Security Rules. We'll talk more about rules later in this codelab but first we need to set some basic rules on our data to get started. In the Rules tab of the Firebase console add the following rules and then click Publish.
service cloud.firestore { match /databases/{database}/documents { match /{document=**} { // //.
3. Get the sample code
Using your IDE (WebStorm, Atom, Sublime, Visual Studio Code...) open or import the 📁
friendlyeats-web directory. This directory contains the starting code for the codelab which consists of a not-yet functional restaurant recommendation app. We'll make it functional throughout this codelab so you will need to edit code in that directory soon.
4. Install the Firebase Command Line Interface
The Firebase Command Line Interface (CLI) allows you to serve your web app locally and deploy your web app to Firebase Hosting.
-.
5. Run the local server.
6. Write data to Cloud Firestore
FriendlyEats.prototype.addRestaurant = function(data) { var collection = firebase.firestore().collection('restaurants'); return collection.add(data); };
The code above adds a new document to the
restaurants collection. The document data comes from a plain JavaScript object. We do this by first getting a reference to a Cloud Firestore collection
restaurants then
add‘ing the data.
Let's add restaurants!
- Go back to your FriendlyEats app in your browser and refresh it.
- Click Add Mock Data.
The app will automatically generate a random set of restaurants objects, then call your
addRestaurant function. However, you won't yet see the data in your actual web app because we still need to implement retrieving the data (the next section of the codelab)..
7. Display data from Cloud Firestore
In this section, you'll learn how to retrieve data from Cloud Firestore and display it in your app. The two key steps are creating a query and adding a snapshot listener. This listener will be notified of all existing data that matches the query and will receive updates in real time.
First, let's construct the query that will serve the default, unfiltered list of restaurants.
- Go back to the file
scripts/FriendlyEats.Data.js.
- Find the function
FriendlyEats.prototype.getAllRestaurants.
- Replace the entire function with the following code.
FriendlyEats.Data.js
FriendlyEats.prototype.getAllRestaurants = function(renderer) { var query = firebase.firestore() .collection('restaurants') .orderBy('avgRating', 'desc') .limit(50); this.getDocumentsInQuery(query, renderer); };
In the code above, we construct a query which will retrieve up to 50 restaurants from the top-level collection named
restaurants, which are ordered by the average rating (currently all zero). After we declared this query, we pass it to the
getDocumentsInQuery() method which is responsible for loading and rendering the data.
We'll do this by adding a snapshot listener.
- Go back to the file
scripts/FriendlyEats.Data.js.
- Find the function
FriendlyEats.prototype.getDocumentsInQuery.
- Replace the entire function with the following code.
FriendlyEats.Data.js
FriendlyEats.prototype.getDocumentsInQuery = function(query, renderer) { query.onSnapshot(function(snapshot) { if (!snapshot.size) return renderer.empty(); // Display "There are no restaurants". snapshot.docChanges().forEach(function(change) { if (change.type === 'removed') { renderer.remove(change.doc); } else { renderer.display(change.doc); } }); }); };
In the code above,
query.onSnapshot will trigger its callback every time there's a change to the result of the query.
- The first time, the callback is triggered with the entire result set of the query – meaning the whole
restaurantscollection from Cloud Firestore. It then passes all the individual documents to the
renderer.displayfunction.
- When a document is deleted,
change.typeequals to
removed. So in this case, we'll call a function that removes the restaurant from the UI.
Now that we've implemented both methods, refresh the app and verify that the restaurants we saw earlier in the Firebase console are now visible in the app. If you completed this section successfully, then your app is now reading and writing data with Cloud Firestore!
As your list of restaurants changes, this listener will keep updating automatically. Try going to the Firebase console and manually deleting a restaurant or changing its name - you'll see the changes show up on your site immediately!
8. Get() data
So far, we've shown how to use
onSnapshot to retrieve updates in real time; however, that's not always what we want. Sometimes it makes more sense to only fetch the data once.
We'll want to implement a method that's triggered when a user clicks into a specific restaurant in your app.
- Go back to your file
scripts/FriendlyEats.Data.js.
- Find the function
FriendlyEats.prototype.getRestaurant.
- Replace the entire function with the following code.
FriendlyEats.Data.js
FriendlyEats.prototype.getRestaurant = function(id) { return firebase.firestore().collection('restaurants').doc(id).get(); };
After you've implemented this method, you'll be able to view pages for each restaurant. Just click on a restaurant in the list and you should see the restaurant's details page:
For now, you can't add ratings as we still need to implement adding ratings later on in the codelab.
9. Sort and filter data
Currently, our app displays a list of restaurants, but there's no way for the user to filter based on their needs. In this section, you'll use Cloud Firestore's advanced querying to enable filtering.
Here's an example of a simple query to fetch all
Dim Sum restaurants:
var filteredQuery = query.where('category', '==', 'Dim Sum')
As its name implies, the
where() method will make our query download only members of the collection whose fields meet the restrictions we set. In this case, it'll only download restaurants where
category is
Dim Sum.
In our app, the user can chain multiple filters to create specific queries, like "Pizza in San Francisco" or "Seafood in Los Angeles ordered by Popularity".
We'll create a method that builds up a query which will filter our restaurants based on multiple criteria selected by our users.
- Go back to your file
scripts/FriendlyEats.Data.js.
- Find the function
FriendlyEats.prototype.getFilteredRestaurants.
- Replace the entire function with the following code.
FriendlyEats.Data.js
FriendlyEats.prototype.getFilteredRestaurants = function(filters, renderer) { var query = firebase.firestore().collection('restaurants'); if (filters.category !== 'Any') { query = query.where('category', '==', filters.category); } if (filters.city !== 'Any') { query = query.where('city', '==', filters.city); } if (filters.price !== 'Any') { query = query.where('price', '==', filters.price.length); } if (filters.sort === 'Rating') { query = query.orderBy('avgRating', 'desc'); } else if (filters.sort === 'Reviews') { query = query.orderBy('numRatings', 'desc'); } this.getDocumentsInQuery(query, renderer); };
The code above adds multiple
where filters and a single
orderBy clause to build a compound query based on user input. Our query will now only return restaurants that match the user's requirements.
Refresh your FriendlyEats app in your browser, then verify that you can filter by price, city, and category. While testing, you'll see errors in the JavaScript Console of your browser that look like this:
The query requires an index. You can create it here:...
These errors are because Cloud Firestore requires indexes for most compound queries. Requiring indexes on queries keeps Cloud Firestore fast at scale.
Opening the link from the error message will automatically open the index creation UI in the Firebase console with the correct parameters filled in. In the next section, we'll write and deploy the indexes needed for this application.
10. Deploy indexes
If we don't want to explore every path in our app and follow each of the index creation links, we can easily deploy many indexes at once using the Firebase CLI.
-:
firebase deploy --only firestore:indexes
After a few minutes, your indexes will be live and the error messages will go away.
11. Write data in a transaction
In this section, we'll add the ability for users to submit reviews to restaurants. So far, all of our writes have been atomic and relatively simple. If any of them errored, we'd likely just prompt the user to retry them or our app would retry the write automatically.
Our app will have many users who want to add a rating for a restaurant, so we'll need to coordinate multiple reads and writes. First the review itself has to be submitted, then the restaurant's rating
count and
average rating need to be updated. If one of these fails but not the other, we're left in an inconsistent state where the data in one part of our database doesn't match the data in another.
Fortunately, Cloud Firestore provides transaction functionality that allows us to perform multiple reads and writes in a single atomic operation, ensuring that our data remains consistent.
- Go back to your file
scripts/FriendlyEats.Data.js.
- Find the function
FriendlyEats.prototype.addRating.
- Replace the entire function with the following code.
FriendlyEats.Data.js
FriendlyEats.prototype.addRating = function(restaurantID, rating) { var collection = firebase.firestore().collection('restaurants'); var document = collection.doc(restaurantID); var newRatingDocument = document.collection('ratings').doc(); return firebase.firestore().runTransaction(function(transaction) { return transaction.get(document).then(function(doc) { var data = doc.data(); var newAverage = (data.numRatings * data.avgRating + rating.rating) / (data.numRatings + 1); transaction.update(document, { numRatings: data.numRatings + 1, avgRating: newAverage }); return transaction.set(newRatingDocument, rating); }); }); };
In the block above, we trigger a transaction to update the numeric values of
avgRating and
numRatings in the restaurant document. At the same time, we add the new
rating to the
ratings subcollection.
12. Secure your data
At the beginning of this codelab, we set our app's security rules to completely open the database to any read or write. In a real application, we'd want to set much more fine-grained rules to prevent undesirable data access or modification.
- In the Firebase console's Build section, click Firestore Database.
- Click the Rules tab in the Cloud Firestore section (or click here to go directly there).
- Replace the defaults with the following rules, then click Publish.
firestore.rules
rules_version = '2'; service cloud.firestore { // Determine if the value of the field "key" is the same // before and after the request. function unchanged(key) { return (key in resource.data) && (key in request.resource.data) && (resource.data[key] == request.resource.data[key]); } match /databases/{database}/documents { // Restaurants: // - Authenticated user can read // - Authenticated user can create/update (for demo; } } } }.
Alternatively to using the Firebase console, you can use the Firebase CLI to deploy rules to your Firebase project. The firestore.rules file in your working directory already contains the rules from above. To deploy these rules from your local filesystem (rather than using the Firebase console), you'd run the following command:
firebase deploy --only firestore:rules
13. Conclusion
In this codelab, you learned how to perform basic and advanced reads and writes with Cloud Firestore, as well as how to secure data access with security rules. You can find the full solution in the quickstarts-js repository.
To learn more about Cloud Firestore, visit the following resources:
|
https://firebase.google.com/codelabs/firestore-web?hl=no-NO
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Type: Posts; User: Nikitozz
You should check your ShowDialog(); calls return values in order to find out which button was actually pressed.
Something like that
......................................
// Show dlg as a...
I would stick to idea of creating buttons as windows. And they will be able to paint themself.
As for me, having a separate class only for buttons painting is not the best solution. Painting is more...
I've done this once. :) But I didn't have any other choice that time. Anyway it's ugly and awful.
It’s impossible to load 34-bit DLL into the 64-bit application. If you really need this...
Try to read this
and this
You can use Native WiFi components:
It seems that WlanGetAvailableNetworkList can do the thing you need....
What do you mean?
Google can:
What is TimeStampDT()? Can you show this function definition?
Why do you actually want to add your own WinMain into the MFC application?
Check this:
I'm not sure if this feature is avalaible in VS2005.
This thread might be helpful:
One of the possible soulitions is to define your Instance() function like this
Logger& Logger::Instance()
{
return m_pInstance ? *m_pInstance : *(m_pInstance = new Logger);
}
They mean "managed C++":
You are trying to translate the text "Hello", but I don't see where you actually pass it to the server.
You just declare the szText variable, but never use it.
No. It won't. The Sahpe class doesn't know anything about the length member.
The reason of the memory leak is simple. You call a constructor for your string
::new((void*)pTmp)CString; // call constructor
,but you never call a destructor (which, by the way, frees...
Try this
Just change the loop
for (int x = elements - 1; x >= 0; --x)
First of all, it would be helpful to see the exact error message.
Second, you implemented both of your constructors, didn't you?
Wild guess #3. ))
If your button handlers "execute different things", the fact you have variables with the same types and names in each of them is not a sufficient reason to make these variables...
Have you tried to look for this window using some tool, for example spy++?
F11 key will solve your problem.
I encountered this problem before when I compiled my VC 6.0 project in VS 2005. The problem is, as Paul McKenzie said, starting from vs2005 std::vector<T>::iterator and T * are not the same. So you...
Hmm. In my program the handler gets called.
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501
#include <windows.h>
LONG CALLBACK myExceptionHandler(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ExceptionInfo)
{
return...
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http://forums.codeguru.com/search.php?s=5e431b7d5109061e35a4940e2cc548c8&searchid=972355
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hspec-tables
Table-driven (by-example) HSpec tests
See all snapshots
hspec-tables appears in
hspec-tables-0.0.1@sha256:1f38a282c1f859bdc9522f2ff7b012b58c852c97ece0235307f8d6f0f71420d2,2203
Module documentation for 0.0.1
- Test
- Test.Hspec
hspec-tables
Test.Hspec.Tables allows you to define table-driven (or, by-example) HSpec tests. For example:
import Test.Hspec import Test.Hspec.Tables example1 :: Spec example1 = describe "multiplication table" $ byExample ("x", "y", "result") [ (0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 2, 0), (1, 0, 0), (1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 2), (2, 0, 0), (2, 1, 2), (2, 2, 4) ] (\a b expected -> a * b == expected)
or
example2 :: Spec example2 = describe "reverse" $ byExample ("list", "reversed") [("abc", "cba"), ("", ""), ("0123456", "6543210")] (shouldBe . reverse)
When you run these, you’ll see that each row becomes a seperate test labelled with
show row (so the requirement for rows is to consist of elements that have a
Show instance):
Example specs multiplication table ("x","y","result") (0,0,0) (0,1,0) (0,2,0) (1,0,0) (1,1,1) (1,2,2) (2,0,0) (2,1,2) (2,2,4) reverse ("list","reversed") ("abc","cba") ("","") ("0123456","6543210") Finished in 0.0008 seconds 12 examples, 0 failures
The
byExample method is type-safe. The table header must be a 2- to 7- element tuple of String and you must provide the same number of “columns” or it doesn’t compile. So if you attempted to write:
example1 :: Spec example1 = describe "THIS EXAMPLE DOES NOT COMPILE" $ byExample ("x", "y", "result") -- 3 columns [ (0, 0, 0, 0) ] -- 4 columns (\a b c expected -> a * b * c == expected)
then you should get the following error, hopefully guiding to what the problem is
error: • Couldn't match type ‘([Char], [Char], [Char])’ with ‘(String, String, String, String)’ Expected type: Test.Hspec.Tables.Header (Integer, Integer, Integer, Integer) Actual type: ([Char], [Char], [Char])
The assertion function will match the table type, so if your table is of shape
(a, b, c) then the assertion is assumed to be of type
(Example e) => a -> b -> c -> e (ie. it’s always curried). Example comes from
HSpec
Caveats
- You can define tables up-to 7 columns (adding columns beyond that requires providing an instance of the
Tabletype-class)
Changes
Changelog
hspec-tables uses PVP Versioning.
The changelog is available on GitHub.
0.0.1
- Initially created.
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https://www.stackage.org/lts-18.6/package/hspec-tables-0.0.1
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Investors in Dollar General Corp (Symbol: DG) saw new options begin trading today, for the July 5th expiration. At Stock Options Channel, our YieldBoost formula has looked up and down the DG options chain for the new July 5th contracts and identified one put and one call contract of particular interest.
The put contract at the $120.00 strike price has a current bid of $1.80. If an investor was to sell-to-open that put contract, they are committing to purchase the stock at $120.00, but will also collect the premium, putting the cost basis of the shares at $118.20 (before broker commissions). To an investor already interested in purchasing shares of DG, that could represent an attractive alternative to paying $121.17/share today.
Because the $120.50% return on the cash commitment, or 12.73% annualized — at Stock Options Channel we call this the YieldBoost.
Below is a chart showing the trailing twelve month trading history for Dollar General Corp, and highlighting in green where the $120.00 strike is located relative to that history:
Turning to the calls side of the option chain, the call contract at the $122.00 strike price has a current bid of $1.75. If an investor was to purchase shares of DG stock at the current price level of $121.17/share, and then sell-to-open that call contract as a "covered call," they are committing to sell the stock at $122.00. Considering the call seller will also collect the premium, that would drive a total return (excluding dividends, if any) of 2.13% if the stock gets called away at the July 5th expiration (before broker commissions). Of course, a lot of upside could potentially be left on the table if DG shares really soar, which is why looking at the trailing twelve month trading history for Dollar General Corp, as well as studying the business fundamentals becomes important. Below is a chart showing DG's trailing twelve month trading history, with the $122.00 strike highlighted in red:
Considering the fact that the $122.44% boost of extra return to the investor, or 12.26% annualized, which we refer to as the YieldBoost.
The implied volatility in the put contract example is 40%, while the implied volatility in the call contract example is 38%.
Meanwhile, we calculate the actual trailing twelve month volatility (considering the last 251 trading day closing values as well as today's price of $121.17) to be.
|
https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/interesting-dg-put-and-call-options-july-5th-2019-05-23
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The Law of Demeter (or the Principle of Least Knowledge) is a design guideline for developing software applications. First discussed at the Northeastern University in 1987, this principle states that an object should never know the internal details of other objects. It was designed to promote loose coupling in software designs.
Note that coupling may be defined as the degree of interdependence that exists between software modules and how closely such modules are connected to each other. The more the coupling between the components in an application, the harder it becomes to modify and maintain it over time. It's always a good practice to design systems that are easier to test and maintain by ensuring that the components in an application are loosely coupled. You can learn more on cohesion and coupling from my article here.
Understanding the Law of Demeter principle
The Law of Demeter principle states that a module should not have the knowledge on the inner details of the objects it manipulates. In other words, a software component or an object should not have the knowledge of the internal working of other objects or components. Let's understand the Law of Demeter with an example.
Consider three classes namely -- A, B, and C -- and objects of these classes -- objA, objB, and objC respectively. Now suppose objA is dependent on objB, which in turn composes objC. In this scenerio, objA can invoke methods and properties of objB but not objC.
The Law of Demeter principle takes advantage of encapsulation to achieve this isolation and reduce coupling amongst the components of your application. This helps in improving the code quality and promotes flexibility and easier code maintenance. The benefit of adhering to the Law of Demeter is that you can build software that is easily maintainable and adaptable to future changes.
Consider a class C having a method M. Now suppose you have created an instance of the class C named O. The Law of Demeter specifies that the method M can invoke the following types of .or a property of a class should invoke the following type of members only:
- The same object, i.e., the object “O” itself
- Objects that have been passed as an argument to the method “M”
- Local objects, i.e., objects that have been created inside the method “M”
- Global objects that are accessible by the object “O”
- Direct component objects of the object “O”
Here’s a code listing that illustrates a class and its members that adhere to the Law of Demeter principle. I've mentioned comments wherever applicable for clarity.
public class LawOfDemeterExample
{
//This is an instance in the class scope
//and hence this instance can be accessed by any members of this class
AnotherClass instance = new AnotherClass();
public void SampleMethodFollowingLoD(Test obj)
{
DoNothing(); //This is a valid call as you are calling a method of the same class
object data = obj.GetData(); //This is also valid since you are calling a method
//on an instance that has been passed as a parameter
int result = instance.GetResult(); //This is also a valid call as you are calling
//a method on an instance locally created
}
private void DoNothing()
{
// Write some code here
}
}
Here are the two other classes that you would need to compile the above code.
public class AnotherClass
{
public int GetResult()
{
return -1;
}
}
public class Test
{
public object GetData()
{
return null;
}
}
Now, refer to the LawOfDemeterExample class shown above. The code is self-explanatory. You might now wonder if the Law of Demeter applies only to methods. The answer is "No". The Law of Demeter principle applies to properties as well.
Law of Demeter Principle violations
In the first code example explained earlier, we started our discussion on this topic by adhering to the Law of Demeter principle. Let’s understand what happens when we don’t follow this principle. Consider this code example.
var data = new A().GetObjectB().GetObjectC().GetData();
In this example, the client will have to depend on classes A, B and C. In other words, it is coupled to instances of the classes A, B and C. If in the future these classes change, you would run into trouble as you are exposing yourself to changes that might occur in any of these classes in future.
|
https://www.infoworld.com/article/3136224/demystifying-the-law-of-demeter-principle.html
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FREAD(3S) FREAD(3S)
NAME
fread, fwrite - buffered binary input/output
SYNOPSIS
#include <<stdio.h>>
int fread (ptr, size, nitems, stream)
char *ptr;
int size;
int nitems;
FILE *stream;
int fwrite (ptr, size, nitems, stream)
char *ptr;
int size;
int nitems;
FILE *stream;
DESCRIPTION
fread() reads, into a block pointed to by ptr, nitems items of data
from the named input stream stream, where an item of data is a sequence
of bytes (not necessarily terminated by a null byte) of length size.
It returns the number of items actually read. fread() stops reading if
an end-of-file or error condition is encountered while reading from
stream, or if nitems items have been read. fread() leaves the file
pointer in stream, if defined, pointing to the byte following the last
byte read if there is one. fread() does not change the contents of the
file referred to by stream .
fwrite() writes at most nitems items of data from the block pointed to
by ptr to the named output stream stream. It returns the number of
items actually written. fwrite() stops writing when it has written
nitems items of data or if an error condition is encountered on stream.
fwrite() does not change the contents of the block pointed to by ptr.
If size or nitems is non-positive, no characters are read or written
and 0 is returned by both fread() and fwrite().
SEE ALSO
read(2V), write(2V), fopen(3V), getc(3V), gets(3S), putc(3S), puts(3S),
printf(3V), scanf(3V)
DIAGNOSTICS
fread() and fwrite() return 0 upon end of file or error.
7 September 1988 FREAD(3S)
|
http://modman.unixdev.net/?sektion=3&page=fwrite&manpath=SunOS-4.1.3
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Guides & Tutorials
Eleventy and Vue, a match made to power Netlify.com
Earlier in the calendar year at Netlify we undertook an ambitious project to take our web site to the next level: to simultaneously iterate on the design and improve our tech stack. You may have noticed this launch in May of this year, approximately 734 months ago.
We had a few goals in mind:
- Streamline our development process to improve our delivery velocity.
- Maintain a lightweight and accessible output, avoiding hefty JavaScript cruft on the client.
- Use components in development for easier code re-use (see point 1)
We tried a variety of component-based frameworks and build tools but unfortunately each of them required delivery of some kind of JavaScript runtime—a caveat that we were hoping to avoid.
Of the two developers on our super lean Netlify Marketing development team, we had exactly two super-fans of the Eleventy static site generator and more than zero Eleventy core team members. Eleventy’s focus on lightweight output made it an obvious choice, as it closely aligned with our goal of lightweight output. However, we both acknowledged that Eleventy was not quite as friendly as we wanted in the component-based development space.
We really loved the developer experience of the Vue frameworks we evaluated and wondered: could we somehow combine those with the lightweight zero-client-JavaScript approach of Eleventy?
And dear reader—as it turns out—you absolutely can.
Eleventy and Vue: an ambitious crossover
Let’s dive right in and make a web site using the same combination of Eleventy and Vue. Haven’t used Eleventy or Vue before? That’s okay! You can check out these Quick start guides:
Even if you don’t click through and read those, we’ll start from the beginning and create a new project from scratch. We’ll be using the
@11ty/eleventy-plugin-vue plugin.
Create your project directory and install two packages:
mkdir eleventy-vue-demo
cd eleventy-vue-demo
npm init -y
npm install @11ty/eleventy @11ty/eleventy-plugin-vue --save
Create your Eleventy configuration file (the default is
.eleventy.js) and add your plugin.
const eleventyVue = require("@11ty/eleventy-plugin-vue");
module.exports = function(eleventyConfig) {
eleventyConfig.addPlugin(eleventyVue);
};
There is additional configuration available in the
eleventy-plugin-vuedocumentation, including an example to add Autoprefixer and PostCSS to the Vue component CSS.
Create a Vue single file component! We’ll name ours
index.vue. This will ensure our output writes to
/index.html.
<template>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Demo: Vue and Eleventy</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello from Vue.</p>
<p>Hello from Eleventy.</p>
</body>
</html>
</template>
<script>
export default {
components: {}
}
</script>
Run Eleventy!
ELEVENTY_EXPERIMENTAL=true npx @11ty/eleventy --serve
The ability to add Vue and in fact any templating language to Eleventy is currently available as an experimental feature in
v0.11.0and APIs specific to that feature may be subject to change. To run Eleventy with experimental features, we’re using the
ELEVENTY_EXPERIMENTAL=trueenvironment variable. Look for more of these plugins to come from the lovely Eleventy community! I’ve seen some early drafts of plugins of Eleventy with Svelte and Eleventy with React that look very promising.
View your page in a browser, navigate to
is the same as
index.htmlwritten from our
index.vuefile above is implied). Double check your console output to make sure
8080is the right port—it will increment to
8081or higher when
8080is already in use by something else.
Side Quest: Adding a Doctype
A consistent problem with full stack Vue: how to add a Doctype? We love Vue because it’s markup driven but Doctypes are a special case necessary for proper document rendering. Nuxt solves this problem with their special App Template View.
Option 1: Using a Layout Template
You can also do this same thing with a Layout template in Eleventy. Create a
_includes/layout.html file with the following content:
<!doctype html>
{{ content }}
And then add the layout reference to our
index.vue template file:
<template><!-- omitted for clarity --></template>
<style>/* omitted for clarity */</style>
<script>
export default {
// Add this
data: {
layout: "layout.html"
},
components: {}
}
</script>
Side Side Quest: You could also declare a global layout for all templates by creating a global data file
_data/layout.js with the content
module.exports = "layout.html". Read more about Eleventy’s Data Cascade to learn about how that works.
Important note: While front matter is not supported in Vue component files, the
data provided from Vue template files feeds into the Eleventy Data Cascade at the same level as front matter.
Option 2: Using a Transform
Arguably, it may be simpler to add the Doctype via an Eleventy Transform. Transforms allow you to post-process the output of an Eleventy template before it writes to the file system. The following code would add a Doctype if one didn’t already exist (add it to your
.eleventy.js configuration file):
eleventyConfig.addTransform("add-html-doctype", (content, outputPath) => {
let doctype = "<!doctype html>";
// If we’re writing to an HTML file and a Doctype does not already exist
if(outputPath.endsWith(".html") && !content.trim().toLowerCase().startsWith(doctype)) {
return `${doctype}${content}`;
}
return content;
});
Add Components!
Now we’re ready to add some more Vue Single File Components to our stack—let’s do it!
If we want a
.vue source file to output a full HTML file in the Eleventy output folder (
_site by default), then we can create any old
.vue file in our root folder (we called it
eleventy-vue-demo above).
If we only want to consume these components in other higher level templates, the most straightforward way to do this is to put your components into the
_includes/ folder. Files in
_includes are already exempted from writing to output directory. Let’s create
_includes/room-with-a.vue:
<template>
<main>
<p>Hello from a Vue component.</p>
</main>
</template>
<style>
main {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
</style>
Now we can modify our
index.vue page component to consume it:
<template>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Demo: Vue and Eleventy</title>
</head>
<body>
<room-with-a/>
</body>
</html>
</template>
<script>
import roomWithA from "./_includes/room-with-a.vue";
export default {
components: {
roomWithA
}
}
</script>
If you navigate back to
in your browser, you should see
Hello from a Vue component.
It should be noted that there are some Vue specific limitations with server side rendering and Component Lifecycle Hooks, as noted in the Vue documentation.
CSS Management
Some of our single file components use CSS—how can I use that on my page? The Eleventy Vue plugin creates a dependency graph of each of the components in use on a page to create a customized build comprised of only the CSS necessary to render the components used on that page.
The ordering of the CSS depends on the order determined by the dependency graph. So if
a.vue and
b.vue both import
c.vue, the CSS will be ordered:
c.vue then
a.vue and then
b.vue.
This is an improvement over approaches like Critical CSS that scan the CSS to find what’s relevant for above-the-fold and more robust than using something that attempts to remove unused CSS later, which both fall prey to being unaware of component state.
Let’s include our optimized CSS on our
index.vue page:
<template>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Demo: Vue and Eleventy</title>
<!-- Add this: -->
<style v-
</head>
<body>
<room-with-a/>
</body>
</html>
</template>
<script>
import roomWithA from "./_includes/room-with-a.vue";
export default {
components: {
roomWithA
},
// Add this:
computed: {
css: function() {
return this.getVueComponentCssForPage(this.page.url);
}
}
}
</script>
getVueComponentCssForPage is an Eleventy Global Filter (specifically, a JavaScript template function) provided by the Eleventy Vue Plugin. Any JavaScript Template Functions you’ve created in Eleventy (or provided via Eleventy like
url or
log or
slug) will be available in your Eleventy Vue template files (e.g. like our
index.vue) as a Vue method.
Furthermore, JavaScript Template Functions have full access to Eleventy
page data values, as you can see above via
this.page.url.
Move this into a layout
For future implementations, it’d be good practice to move the boilerplate HTML (
html,
head including the per-page generated CSS,
body) into an Eleventy Layout so you don’t have to repeat yourself on every page. For brevity a layout example was not included in this demo.
Scoped CSS
It’s also worth noting that you can use the
scoped attribute on your
<style> block in your single file component to automatically add extra
[data-] attributes to your component HTML and CSS to help prevent collisions—I personally don’t like the additions to specificity but some people like it!
Future plans: JavaScript, but not like that
We do have a JavaScript bundler in place on netlify.com but I do consider that to be outside the scope of this particular demonstration. Importantly, we are not yet loading or running Vue on the client for our site. Vue acts as a build-only optimization to generate our pages from components.
A lot of the cutting edge discussion in the framework world lately has been about partial hydration—having full framework potential running exclusively on smaller portions of the page. While this feature is not yet shipping with the Eleventy Vue plugin, the HTML first progressive enhancement based approach we’ve taken here is a great stepping stone in that direction.
So—like the Hubble telescope—watch this space.
|
https://www.netlify.com/blog/2020/09/18/eleventy-and-vue-a-match-made-to-power-netlify.com/
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C library function - strcspn()
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Description
The C library function size_t strcspn(const char *str1, const char *str2) calculates the length of the initial segment of str1, which consists entirely of characters not in str2.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strcspn() function.
size_t strcspn(const char *str1, const char *str2)
Parameters
str1 -- This is the main C string to be scanned.
str2 -- This is the string containing a list of characters to match in str1.
Return Value
This function returns the number of characters in the initial segment of string str1 which are not in the string str2.
Example
The following example shows the usage of strcspn() function.
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () { int len; const char str1[] = "ABCDEF4960910"; const char str2[] = "013"; len = strcspn(str1, str2); printf("First matched character is at %d\n", len + 1); return(0); }
Let us compile and run the above program that will produce the following result:
First matched character is at 10
string_h.htm
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Retrieve the Caret Position by Using an Extended TextBox Class
CodeGuru Editor's Comment: This article uses the Win32 API from C#. Generally, you should avoid calling such unmanaged code from a managed (.NET) application. This is, however, an interesting example of calling the API from .NET.
Sometimes, we need to know the caret position in a TextBox control; for example, in editor programs. The following ExtTextBox class extends the TextBox class with two read-only properties. The GetCaretXYPosition returns a Point struct with the (X,L) coordinates of the current position of the caret. The GetCaretLCPosition returns a CharPoint custom struct with the (L, C) coordinates of the position of the caret, where L is the one-based line number and C is the one-based column number.
using System; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Drawing; namespace TextBoxUtils { /// <summary> /// struct to handle the caret (L, C) co-ordinates /// L = one-based line number of the line containing the caret /// C = one-based column number in the line containing the caret /// </summary> public struct CharPoint { private int l, c; public static readonly CharPoint Empty; static CharPoint() { CharPoint.Empty = new CharPoint(); } public CharPoint(int l, int c) { this.l = l; this.c = c; } public override string ToString() { return(String.Format("{{L={0}, C={1}}}", this.l, this.c)); } } public class ExtTextBox: TextBox { [DllImport("user32")] private static extern IntPtr SendMessage(HandleRef hWnd, int msg, int wParam, int lParam); [DllImport("user32")] private static extern int GetCaretPos(ref Point lpPoint); private int EM_LINEINDEX = 0xbb; private int EM_LINEFROMCHAR = 0xc9; private int EM_GETSEL = 0xb0; /// <summary> /// Gets the caret current (X, Y) position. /// </summary> /// <value> /// Point struct /// </value> public Point GetCaretXYPosition { get { Point pt = Point.Empty; // get a Point struct with the caret current (X, Y) // position GetCaretPos(ref pt); // return the Point struct with the caret current // (X, Y) position return pt; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the caret current (L, C) position. /// </summary> /// <value> /// CharPoint struct /// </value> public CharPoint GetCaretLCPosition { get { CharPoint cpt = CharPoint.Empty; // save the handle reference for the ExtToolBox HandleRef hr = new HandleRef(this, base.Handle ); // Send the EM_LINEFROMCHAR message with the value of // -1 in wParam. // The return value is the zero-based line number // of the line containing the caret. int l = (int)SendMessage(hr,EM_LINEFROMCHAR, -1, 0); // Send the EM_GETSEL message to the ToolBox control. // The low-order word of the return value is the // character position of the caret relative to the // first character in the ToolBox control, // i.e. the absolute character index. int sel = (int)SendMessage(hr, EM_GETSEL,0, 0); // get the low-order word from sel int ai = sel & 0xffff; // Send the EM_LINEINDEX message with the value of -1 // in wParam. // The return value is the number of characters that // precede the first character in the line containing // the caret. int li = (int)SendMessage(hr,EM_LINEINDEX, -1, 0); // Subtract the li (line index) from the ai // (absolute character index), // The result is the column number of the caret position // in the line containing the caret. int c = ai - li; cpt = new CharPoint(l+1,c+1); // Add 1 to the l and c since these are zero-based. // Return a CharPoint with the caret current (L,C) // position return new CharPoint(l+1,c+1); } } } }
The Secret rule the mizuno-market Is Really Straightforward!Posted by Acuddence on 05/01/2013 11:33pm
Beginner questions regarding nike have been answered and therefore the reasons you must absolutely read in detail each message of this story.[url=]ãã¤ã[/url] An actual double strain on nike [url=-ã´ã«ããã¼ã«-c-23.html]nikegolf[/url] Progressive questions on nike clarified and therefore why you must definitely view each term of this specific story. [url=-ã¢ã¤ã¢ã³-c-1.html]ã´ã«ã ãã¤ã[/url] Honest statement discloses Seven innovative new things on mizuno that not a soul is speaking of. [url=-ã¢ã¤ã¢ã³-c-1.html]ãã¤ã[/url] A nike Commerce Dialog - Which means, who cares is the winner?! [url=-ã´ã«ãã·ã¥ã¼ãº-c-15.html]nike dunk[/url] Supplies and assembly throughout Michigan -- nike will leave without cheers [url=]ãã¤ã ã¹ãã¼ã«ã¼[/url] Goods and show in Las Vegas, Nevada - mizuno actually leaves without good-bye [url=ãã¤ãRunning-c-3.html]nike running[/url] Some of the nike Company Dialog -- Those who cares gains all the rewards? [url=ãã¤ãDunk-c-9.html]ãã¤ã·ã¥ã¼ãº[/url] A nike Sector Dialog : Customers who cares about fears benefits?! [url=ãã¤ãDunk-c-9.html]nike dunk[/url] mizuno offers fresh, new lifespan to a old matter. . . defacto requirementsReply
ObservationPosted by webmasta on 05/05/2005 10:06pm
Excellent results with the caret co-ordinates! For the line and col: #1: Erroneous results with wordwrap on. #2: Counts a tab space as one column.Reply
Why this article was passedPosted by darwen on 11/21/2004 06:57pm
Your comments were viewed by myself in the reviewer's forum. However, I considered this article to have useful areas (e.g. the use of HandleRef) which made it worthwhile publishing. Yes, there are alternative methods to do this but this demonstrates .NET classes which people might not be aware of, and as such was published.Reply
This seems like overkillPosted by gregoftheweb on 10/15/2004 12:16pm
Internet Explorer exposes the caret position of TextArea's natively. This can all be accomplished on the client with no round trip to the server. If you eventually need the carret position you can pass the position by itself back to the application.Reply
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http://www.codeguru.com/csharp/csharp/cs_controls/custom/article.php/c8145/Retrieve-the-Caret-Position-by-Using-an-Extended-TextBox-Class.htm
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This library provides a simple API that describes inertial measurement units. It implements various popular I2C and SPI IMUs behind that API. Callers of the library can rely on the API returning consistently typed data regardless of the choice of sensor.
This library provides an API to expose various implementations of gyroscopes, accelerometers, and magnetometers. It offers a suitable abstraction that presents the sensor data in a consistent way, so application authors need not worry about the implementation details of the sensors.
Users create a
struct mgos_imu object, to which they add sensors (gyroscope,
acellerometer and magnetometer) either via I2C or SPI. Some chips have all
three sensor types, some have only two (typically accelerometer and gyroscope)
and some have only one type. After successfully adding the sensors to the
mgos_imu object, reads can be performed, mostly by performing
mgos_imu_*_get() calls.
All implementations offer the calls described below in the
IMU API.
Some implementations offer chip-specific addendums, mostly setting sensitivity
and range options.
struct mgos_imu *mgos_imu_create() -- This call creates a new (opaque) object
which represents the IMU device. Upon success, a pointer to the object will be
returned. If the creation fails, NULL is returned.
void mgos_imu_destroy() -- This cleans up all resources associated with with
the IMU device. The caller passes a pointer to the object pointer. If any
sensors are attached (gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer), they will be
destroyed in turn using
mgos_imu_*_destroy() calls.
bool mgos_imu_read() -- This call schedules all sensors attached to the IMU
to be read from. It is not generally necessary to call this method directly,
as the
mgos_imu_*_get() calls internally schedule reads from the sensors as
well.
bool mgos_imu_accelerometer_present() -- This returns
true if the IMU has an
attached accelerometer sensor, or
false otherwise.
bool mgos_imu_gyroscope_present() -- This returns
true if the IMU has an
attached gyroscope sensor, or
false otherwise.
bool mgos_imu_magnetometer_present() -- This returns
true if the IMU has an
attached magnetometer, or
false otherwise.
For each of accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer, the following primitives exist:
bool mgos_imu_*_create_i2c() -- This attaches a sensor to the IMU
based on the
type enum given, using the
i2c bus and specified
i2caddr
address. The function will return
true upon success and
false in case
either detection of the sensor, or creation of it failed.
bool mgos_imu_*_create_spi() -- This attaches a sensor to the IMU
based on the
type enum given, using the
spi bus and a specified cable select
in
cs_gpio. The function will return
true upon success and
false in case
either detection of the sensor or creation of it failed.
bool mgos_imu_*_destroy() -- This detaches a sensor from the IMU if it exists.
It takes care of cleaning up all resources associated with the sensor, and
detaches it from the
i2c or
spi bus. The higher level
mgos_imu_destroy()
call uses these lower level calls to clean up sensors as well.
bool mgos_imu_*_get() -- This call returns sensor data after
polling the sensor for the data. It returns
true if the read succeeded, in
which case the floats pointed to by
x,
y and
z are filled in. If an
error occurred,
false is returned and the contents of
x,
y and
z are
unmodified. Note the units of the return values:
Gauss.
G.
degrees per second.
const char *mgos_imu_*_get_name() -- This returns a symbolic name of the
attached sensor, which is guaranteed to be less than or equal to 10 characters
and always exist. If there is no sensor of this type attached,
VOID will be
returned. If the sensor is not known,
UNKNOWN will be returned. Otherwise,
the chip manufacturer / type will be returned, for example
MPU9250 or
ADXL345 or
MAG3110.
bool mgos_imu_*_set_orientation() and
bool mgos_imu_*_get_orientation() --
Often times a 9DOF sensor will have multiple chips, whose axes do not line up
correctly. Even within a single chip the accelerometer, gyroscope and
magnetometer axes might not line up (for an example of this, see MPU9250
chapter 9.1).
To ensure that the
x,
y, and
z axes on all sensors are pointed in the same
direction, we can set the orientation on the gyroscope and magnetometer.
See
mgos_imu.h for more details and an example of how to do this.
This is a fairly straight forward process, taking the
ADXL345 accelerometer
as example:
src/mgos_imu_adxl345.[ch]. The header file exposes all of the
#define's for registers and constants.
detect,
create,
destroyand
readfunction.
bool mgos_imu_adxl345_detect()-- this function optionally attempts to detect the chip, often times by reading a register or set of registers which uniquely identifies it. Not all chips can actually be detected, so it's OK to not define this function at all.
bool mgos_imu_adxl345_create()-- this function has to perform the initialization of the chip, typically by setting the right registers and possibly creating a driver-specific memory structure (for, say, coefficients or some such). If used, that memory structure is attached to the
user_datapointer, and if so, the implementation of the
_destroy()function must clean up and free this memory again.
bool mgos_imu_adxl345_read()-- this function performs the chip specific read functionality. This will be called whenever the user asks for data, either by calling
mgos_imu_read()or by calling
mgos_imu_*_get().
bool mgos_imu_adxl345_destroy()-- this function deinitializes the chip, and optionally clears and frees the driver-specific memory structure in
user_data. Not all chips need additional memory structures or deinitialization code, in which case it's OK to not define this function at all.
detect,
create,
destroyand
readfunctions in the source code file
src/mgos_imu_adxl345.c.
enum mgos_imu_*_typein
include/mgos_imu.h. In the example case of adxl345 (which is an accelerometer), add it to
enum mgos_imu_acc_type.
mgos_imu_*_get_name()so that callers can resolve the sensor to a human readable format. Make sure that the string name is not greater than 10 characters.
switch()in
mgos_imu_*_create_i2c()(or
_spi()) functions.
It is important to note a few implementation rules when adding drivers:
mgos_imuand
mgos_imu_*members) nor the
mgos_imu_*_get()functions.
m/s/s,
deg/sand
uT).
Here's an example, for the magnetometer chip
AK8975, showing a set of commits
for each of the steps above (and honoring the driver implementation rules).
src/mgos_imu_ak8975.[ch]commit
enum mgos_imu_mag_typein
include/mgos_imu.hcommit
mgos_imu_magnetometer_get_name()in
src/mgos_imu_magnetometer.ccommit
mgos_imu_magnetometer_create_i2c()in
src/mgos_imu_magnetometer.ccommit
An example program that creates an IMU of type
MPU9250 (which has an
accelerometer, a gyroscope and a magnetometer all in one tiny package):
#include "mgos.h" #include "mgos_i2c.h" #include "mgos_imu.h" static void imu_cb(void *user_data) { struct mgos_imu *imu = (struct mgos_imu *)user_data; float ax, ay, az; float gx, gy, gz; float mx, my, mz; if (!imu) return; if (mgos_imu_accelerometer_get(imu, &ax, &ay, &az)) LOG(LL_INFO, ("type=%-10s Accel X=%.2f Y=%.2f Z=%.2f", mgos_imu_accelerometer_get_name(imu), ax, ay, az)); if (mgos_imu_gyroscope_get(imu, &gx, &gy, &gz)) LOG(LL_INFO, ("type=%-10s Gyro X=%.2f Y=%.2f Z=%.2f", mgos_imu_gyroscope_get_name(imu), gx, gy, gz)); if (mgos_imu_magnetometer_get(imu, &mx, &my, &mz)) LOG(LL_INFO, ("type=%-10s Mag X=%.2f Y=%.2f Z=%.2f", mgos_imu_magnetometer_get_name(imu), mx, my, mz)); } enum mgos_app_init_result mgos_app_init(void) { struct mgos_i2c *i2c = mgos_i2c_get_global(); struct mgos_imu *imu = mgos_imu_create(); struct mgos_imu_acc_opts acc_opts; struct mgos_imu_gyro_opts gyro_opts; struct mgos_imu_mag_opts mag_opts; if (!i2c) { LOG(LL_ERROR, ("I2C bus missing, set i2c.enable=true in mos.yml")); return false; } if (!imu) { LOG(LL_ERROR, ("Cannot create IMU")); return false; } acc_opts.type = ACC_MPU9250; acc_opts.scale = 16.0; // G acc_opts.odr = 100; // Hz if (!mgos_imu_accelerometer_create_i2c(imu, i2c, 0x68, &acc_opts)) LOG(LL_ERROR, ("Cannot create accelerometer on IMU")); gyro_opts.type = GYRO_MPU9250; gyro_opts.scale = 2000; // deg/sec gyro_opts.odr = 100; // Hz if (!mgos_imu_gyroscope_create_i2c(imu, i2c, 0x68, &gyro_opts)) LOG(LL_ERROR, ("Cannot create gyroscope on IMU")); mag_opts.type = MAG_AK8963; mag_opts.scale = 12.0; // Gauss mag_opts.odr = 10; // Hz if (!mgos_imu_magnetometer_create_i2c(imu, i2c, 0x0C, &mag_opts)) LOG(LL_ERROR, ("Cannot create magnetometer on IMU")); mgos_set_timer(1000, true, imu_cb, imu); return true; }
For a cool demo, take a look at my Demo Apps:
This project is not an official Google project. It is not supported by Google and Google specifically disclaims all warranties as to its quality, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose.
float odr; // Data rate, in Hz. See doc for set_odr(). float scale; // Scale. See doc for set_scale(). bool no_rst; // Do not perform reset of the device when configuring. };
Gyroscope type.
float odr; // Data rate, in Hz. See doc for set_odr(). float scale; // Scale. See doc for set_scale(). bool no_rst; // Do not perform reset of the device when configuring. };
Accelerometer type.
float odr; // Data rate, in Hz. See doc for set_odr(). float scale; // Scale. See doc for set_scale(). bool no_rst; // Do not perform reset of the device when configuring. };
edit this docedit this doc
Magnetometer type.
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In the last two articles, I’ve covered registering for push notifications and I’ve used the test send mechanism to send a push notification to the client. While useful for sending random marketing messages, you can also use push notifications to handle out of band sync notifications. Offline sync has the problem that you have to keep on polling for updates. What if, instead, you notified all your clients when something happened to a record and your client just polled when it received an update? This is the essence of the push to sync pattern. Once you have registration working, it’s remarkably easy to implement.
Step 1: Configure Push Registrations
I’ve already covered this piece. In my server, I’m going to override the push notification registration process so that a user tag is registered when my client registers. This will be used when I push. I’m not going to cover this here – I’ve already covered it in my last post.
Step 2: Push on Insert, Update or
My first step in this process is to find the notification hub. I’m doing this in the table controller where I want the push operation. This could just as easily be a service registered for the purpose.
private async Task PushToSync(string op, string id) { var hub = Configuration.GetPushClient().HubClient; var emailAddr = await GetEmailAddress(); var tag = $"_email_{emailAddr}"; var installationId = Request.Headers.Where(p => p.Key.Equals("X-ZUMO-INSTALLATION-ID")).FirstOrDefault().Value.FirstOrDefault(); // Construct a payload var payload = new PushToSyncPayload { Message = "PUSH-TO-SYNC", Table = "todoitem", Operation = op, Id = id, Originator = installationId }; var jsonPayload = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(payload); // Push the request via the Notification Hub var outcome = await hub.SendGcmNativeNotificationAsync($"{{\"data\":{jsonPayload}}}", tag); }
There is an additional class for this:
using Newtonsoft.Json; namespace backend.dotnet.Controllers { public class PushToSyncPayload { [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "message")] public string Message { get; set; } [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "table")] public string Table { get; set; } [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "op")] public string Operation { get; set; } [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "id")] public string Id { get; set; } [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "orig")] public string Originator { get; set; } } }
Note that I am recording the Originator – this allows me to ensure the originator doesn’t do anything with the request. Now all I need to do is to call the
PushToSync() method in my table controller. For example, here is my UPDATE operation:
//); } var newItem = await UpdateAsync(id, patch); await PushToSync("PUT", id); return newItem; }
If you run the code, then updating the record will generate a push that you can see on your client.
Step 3: Respond to the Push
Since the Apache Cordova code calls a routine when the push is received, all I need to do is add my handler to the code:
function handlePushNotification(data) { if (data.message === 'PUSH-TO-SYNC') { var id = data.additionalData.id; var op = data.additionalData.op; var table = data.additionalData.table; var originator = data.additionalData.orig; if (originator !== client.getApplicationInstallationId()) { alert('OTHER:' + JSON.stringify(data)); } else { alert('ME:' + JSON.stringify(data)); } } else { alert('PUSH NOTIFICATION\n' + data.message); } }
Now, I’m not doing anything with the information here. I could, for instance, call
refreshDisplay() that just refreshes the data from the server. Since the Apache Cordova SDK does not have offline sync (yet), there is little point in doing anything more. However, in an offline sync version of the SDK, there is a little more you can do. For instance, instead of refreshing all the data from the server, you have enough information to pull a specific record. In the UWP version, this would be done with the following:
await syncTable.PullAsync(null, $"id={id}");
Id would be gathered from a JSON deserialization operation on the push result. The idea is to only pull (and update the offline sync cache) for the specific record that you want, avoiding the incremental sync and record push that would otherwise go along with the regular sync operation. This minimizes the number of network operations that are happening. This does not remove the need for regular sync operations (as the application may not be running at the time of the push). It reduces the amount of time between a database modification and the user noticing, plus it reduces the amount of network traffic caused by infrequent database updates (since you don’t need to poll as often to find out if there are any changes).
Next Steps
Next up on my list of things to do is to handle relationships in the ASP.NET application. There is a commonly requested pattern that is actually relatively difficult. I’ll go into the reasons it’s so hard and how to do it.
As always, my code is on my GitHub repository.
2 thoughts on “30 Days of Zumo.v2 (Azure Mobile Apps): Day 25: The Push to Sync Pattern”
[…] 30 Days of Zumo.v2 (Azure Mobile Apps): Day 25: The Push to Sync Pattern (Adrian Hall) […]
[…] 30 Days of Zumo.v2 (Azure Mobile Apps): Day 25: The Push to Sync Pattern by Adrian Hall […]
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The crypt module provides an interface to the UNIX crypt() routine that is used to encrypt passwords on many UNIX systems.
crypt(word, salt)
Encrypts word using a modified DES algorithm. salt is a two-character seed used to initialize the algorithm. Returns the encrypted word as a string. Only the first eight characters of word are significant.
The following code reads a password from the user and compares it against the value in the system password database:
import getpass import pwd import crypt uname = getpass.getuser() # Get username from environment pw = getpass.getpass() # Get entered password realpw = pwd.getpwnam(uname)[1] # Get real password entrpw = crypt.crypt(pw,realpw[:2]) # Encrypt if realpw == entrpw: # Compare ...
No credit card required
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https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/python-essential-reference/0672328623/0672328623_ch19lev1sec2.html
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OSError: [Errno -1] ERR_MEM
i can't find the meaning of this error in the micropython error list it is not listed.
OSError: [Errno -1] ERR_MEM
does anyone knows what this means and what to do with it?
@timh
thanks for the help,
with pinging in between it is much more stable, it still sometimes gives the same error, i'm gonna build something similar as you have, the error at this point gives me at least an idea where it goes wrong. if i remove it some other things might go wrong
Somewhere in my main loop i am checking connected state (which tries pinging) and causes a reconnect if it drops out. This has worked out to be robust.
@Eric-Waai thats what I found, check_msg only looks to see if any data is there in the socket. I have found that a lot of MQTT services, require a ping, or some other activity to keep the session alive. Otherwise their own inactivity timeout kicks in.
@timh
thanks it looks like that is the case.
i added a ping every now and then and it's still going
i prefer this before removing errors.
if the error still occurs i maybe remove it but for now it stays
edit: still weird. i assumed that check_msg would be sufficient to keep the connection alive
@Eric-Waai You may find that the remote connection is being closed. You may need to explicitly perform an mqtt Ping to keep the connection alive.
@milan
do you have any idea what is the reason of this problem.
i did some testing yesterday, if i don't send anything via mqtt but do check for messages it crashes every time after 5 minutes and 16 seconds.
@Eric-Waai Yes, you are right. I've bypassed this case by removing following part of the code:
if res == b"": raise OSError(-1)
i also get this problem with mqtt.
i'm getting this error quite often especially when i send nothing for a long time. but only check for mesages
def wait_msg(self): res = self.sock.read(1) self.sock.setblocking(True) if res is None: return None if res == b"": raise OSError(-1) if res == b"\xd0": # PINGRESP sz = self.sock.read(1)[0] assert sz == 0 return None
i found the piece of code where the error occurs but don't know precise what is going wrong. it looks like no response from the server to me.
it should just try again if you ask me
@robert-hh interesting. I am getting this occasionally when using umqtt.simple to communicate with Losant with TLS. (Despite this umqtt.simple turns out to be more reliable than the underlying AWS Mqtt code).
I am monitoring memory continuously, so it would seem , in my case it is not a system memory issue (2,500,000 bytes free - am I looking at gc.mem_free ) . It would seem."could well be the culprit. Will investigate this further.
Thanks for providing things.
@eric-waai said in OSError: [Errno -1] ERR_MEM:
ERR_MEM
from the sources, pycom-micropython-sigfox/lib/lwip/doc/rawapi.txt
The tcp_connect() function can return ERR_MEM if no memory is
available for enqueueing the SYN segment. If the SYN indeed was
enqueued successfully, the tcp_connect() function returns ERR_OK.
and
The tcp_write() function will fail.
and
- err_t tcp_close(struct tcp_pcb *pcb)
Closes the connection. The function may return ERR_MEM if no memory
was available for closing the connection. If so, the application
should wait and try again either by using the acknowledgment
callback or the polling functionality. If the close succeeds, the
function returns ERR_OK.
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https://forum.pycom.io/topic/4569/oserror-errno-1-err_mem/11
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We’ve seen how to write a ContentProvider and how to insert data into it, so now we’ll look at getting data out of it. The insertion Activity used a ContentProvider to store simple text notes entered by the user. We’ll now write another app which accesses the data and displays it in a ListView. Clicking on an entry in this list deletes the note. Here’s the complete Activity for this app:
package growe.ex09acontentproviderviewer; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.database.Cursor; import android.support.v4.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ListView; public class ViewDataActivity extends ListActivity { ListView entryList; SimpleCursorAdapter adapter; String[] projection = { EntriesContract._ID, EntriesContract.ENTRY_DATETIME, EntriesContract.ENTRY_TEXT }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); entryList = getListView(); Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(EntriesContract.CONTENT_URI, projection, null, null, null); adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.listrow, cursor, new String[]{EntriesContract.ENTRY_DATETIME, EntriesContract.ENTRY_TEXT}, new int[]{R.id.dateText, R.id.entryText}, 0); entryList.setAdapter(adapter); } @Override protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { getContentResolver().delete(EntriesContract.CONTENT_URI, EntriesContract._ID + " = " + id, null); Cursor newCursor = getContentResolver().query(EntriesContract.CONTENT_URI, projection, null, null, null); adapter.changeCursor(newCursor); super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id); } }
Look at onCreate() first. Since this Activity inherits ListActivity (line 10), its layout is based on a ListView, which we obtain in line 21. Recall that we need an adapter to manage a ListView. Rather than write our own, we can use Android’s SimpleCursorAdapter. The idea is that we first obtain the data we want from the database (line 23) and then send this data to a SimpleCursorAdapter which displays it in the ListView. Let’s look at these two things in turn.
As usual, we use a ContentResolver to access the ContentProvider on line 23. This time, we want to query the database. In a query, we need to specify the database table from which to get the data, and also specify a filter to identify which data we want. You’ll see that the query() method has 5 arguments, which are:
-
In our simple example, we just want all the rows in the table, so the last 3 arguments are null. However, the query() method is defined in the ContentProvider, so if we’ve written our own ContentProvider, we need to implement the query() method. Here’s the method (for the full code of the EntriesContentProvider class, see the earlier post).
@Override public Cursor query(Uri contentUri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { SQLiteQueryBuilder queryBuilder = new SQLiteQueryBuilder(); queryBuilder.setTables(EntriesContract.ENTRIES_TABLE_NAME); Cursor cursor = queryBuilder.query(database, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder); return cursor; }
We use the SQLiteQueryBuilder helper class to build the query by first adding the table name and then calling the query builder’s own query() method. A couple of notes here. First, the contentUri isn’t used in this method. A more general implementation allows activities to register to receive notifications whenever the data is changed in the database. Doing that here would lead us a bit astray from our main purpose, so we’ll defer discussion of that to a future post.
Second, there doesn’t seem to be any way of passing the table name as a parameter into the override of the ContentProvider’s query() method, so it’s effectively hard-coded here when we call setTables(). We could, of course, define a different query() method that takes the table name as an additional parameter, but here all our queries come from the same table so there’s no point in doing this.
Finally, the query builder’s query() method has a couple of parameters not present in the ContentProvider’s query() method. These allow for ‘having’ and ‘group by’ clauses to be specified, but again, we won’t use those here.
The Cursor object that is returned by queryBuilder.query() is a pointer to a row in the result set provided by the query. We can iterate over the cursor to visit each row of the result set in turn. Since all we want to do here is display all the results in a ListView, we can just pass the cursor to the SimpleCursorAdapter constructor on line 25 in the ViewDataActivity listing above. The adapter then takes care of iterating through the cursor and creating the list.
The arguments of the constructor on lines 25 to 28 need a bit of explanation. The second argument (R.layout.listrow) points to the layout resource defining the interface of a single view in the list. Here, we’ve just assigned two TextViews, one for the date/time and one for the message. The next argument is the cursor.
The next two arguments are the ‘from’ string array and the ‘to’ int array. The ‘from’ array gives a list of columns from each row of the database that we want to display in the user interface elements of a list element. The ‘to’ array gives the correspoinding IDs of the UI elements in which we display the data. The last argument (0) is a flag that we don’t use here.
Running the app at this point will produce a list showing all the messages that were entered in a prior run of the first app we described in the previous post. As a final touch, we’ll add a click handler for each list item that deletes the corresponding element from the database and updates the ListView. This handler is shown on line 33.
We first call the ContentProvider’s delete() method to delete the item from the database. This method’s code is:
@Override public int delete(Uri uri, String where, String[] whereArgs) { database.delete(EntriesContract.ENTRIES_TABLE_NAME, where, whereArgs); return 0; }
The uri is again not used here (it would be used if we’re notifying the list that data has changed). The ‘where’ argument specifies a filter to apply to the delete operation. When we called delete above, we specified that only a particular _id should be deleted. Be careful with this argument; if you leave it as null, everything gets deleted, just like in SQL!
The whereArgs argument provides values if we use wildcards in the where statement (which we don’t here). This call deletes the entry from the database but doesn’t update the ListView.
Returning to the ViewDataActivity code above, we see on lines 36 to 38 that we query the ContentProvider after the delete and change the cursor in the adapter. This causes the display to update with the deleted item removed.
As I mentioned, there is a more general way in which we can automatically update a ListView whenever its underlying data is deleted, inserted or updated, but we’ll leave that for later.
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Java Hashtables
We are working on hashtables and I am trying to figure out a real life example that could be solved with hashtables to jtree as well as some type of array or jlist. I just need some opinions or examples of this part please.
Here is an exercise I do not understand in this chapter.
Observe the following code, which creates a simple hashtable.
// Demonstrate a Hashtable
import java.util.*;
class HTDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Hashtable<String,Integer> numbers = new
Hashtable<String,Integer>();
numbers.put("one", new Integer(1));
numbers.put("two", new Integer(2));
}
}
Starting with this provided code, add the following functionality:
1. Add the numbers 3 through 10 to the hashtable continuing in the same manner as shown.
2. Prompt the user for a string, and display the corresponding number. For example, if the user types "five", the program would output "5". This must be done using the hashtable as created in the previous step.
3. Using a loop and a single printlng statement, display all of the values (both strings and integers) in a table.
Solution Preview
The first part of this solution requires adding additional "add()"
method calls as follows:
<pre>
numbers.put("three", new Integer(3));
numbers.put("four", new Integer(4));
numbers.put("five", new Integer(5));
numbers.put("six", new Integer(6));
numbers.put("seven", new Integer(7));
numbers.put("eight", new Integer(8));
numbers.put("nine", new ...
Solution Summary
This solution provides a simple example of using a HashTable. It shows how to insert elements into a hash table. It also shows how to use an Enumeration to iterate over all of the elements of the table.
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Python Runtime Could Not Be Found
Setting the environment variable to the location of your existing Python installation doesn't seem to work. How does Quark attract customers to his bar given that the drinks and food can be gotten free from a replicator? thanks csc.exe /nologo /unsafe /target:library /out:../../Python.Runtime.dll \ /recurse:*.cs importhook.cs(25,9): error CS0246: The type or namespace name 'ClrModule' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) For example, if the computer is intermittently slow, run the test during a slowdown.You may have started up in safe mode. Source
Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] More information about the PythonDotNet mailing list Check your programs listing under Control Panel and see if you have that listed and you may need to install it again. The text you pasted should vanish immediately.9. Then I cleaned up my Java installations, particularly I got rid of a 32-bit JRE 6.
However, when you then try to start the Update Tool, it looks in C:\glassfish3\pkg\python2.4-minimal for something, and when it can't find that directory, it falls down. Uninstall Python 2. If this was your problem, you also need to add an exception (otherwise it will happen again): Options-->Advanced Settings-->Exceptions share|improve this answer edited Nov 30 '12 at 0:04 Ivan 4,23852864 answered
- Thanks.
- But with the aid of the test results, the solution may take a few minutes, instead of hours or days.The test works on OS X 10.7 ("Lion") and later.
- Back to top Back to Programming 1 user(s) are reading this topic 0 members, 1 guests, 0 anonymous users Reply to quoted postsClear BleepingComputer.com → Software → Programming Privacy Policy
- The strange ordering of Sharkovskii How do overridden method calls from base-class methods work?
Press return. BleepingComputer is being sued by Enigma Software because of a negative review of SpyHunter. Why can't a hacker just obtain a new SSL certificate for your website? While not abnormal for debuggers, this increases system memory footprint until the target exits. 170 Sep 27 19:06:28 RTC: lost battery power - time may be invalid 171 Sep 27 19:06:30
Usually that won't be necessary.13. If not uninstalling, remove from registry. To be clear, I've installed Netbeans at the Java EE 6 SDK and that's as much as I know. No such file or directory [2] 206 Sep 27 20:17:52 com.avast.fileshield: avscan_initiate_scan: avscan_opened() failed. 207 Sep 27 20:17:52 com.avast.fileshield: avscan_open: connect() failed.
That report goes nowhere unless you choose to share it. Stack Overflow Podcast #97 - Where did you get that hat?! The site is hosted by Apple, which does not allow it to be used to distribute harmful software. It usually takes a few minutes.☞ Paste the results, which will have been copied automatically, back into a reply on this page.These are not specific instructions; just an overview.
Launch the built-in Terminal application in any of the following ways:☞ Enter the first few letters of its name into a Spotlight search. No such file or directory [2] 192 Sep 27 20:17:52 com.avast.fileshield: avscan_initiate_scan: avscan_opened() failed. 193 Sep 27 20:17:52 com.avast.fileshield: avscan_open: connect() failed. It would be better if I'd somehow got the the environment variable to work, though. It would be better if I'd somehow got the the environment variable to work, though.
Or moving the pythonnet binaries into your python 2.7 install. this contact form Crack the lock code The negative order integer challenge, but it's Prime Time! A case like this could easily cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. Edited by DarkSnake-Kobra, 06 November 2012 - 10:55 PM.
In general, no, it's not safe and I don't encourage it.In this case, however, there are ways for you to decide whether the program is safe without having to trust me. What to point to?? Don't select the whole page, just the text in the box.8. Nor have I run any programs such as clean my macThanks in anticipationPhil Johnson Hardware Information: (What does this mean?) MacBook Pro (15-inch, 2.53GHz, Mid 2009) (Verified) MacBook Pro - model:
If you accept cookies from this site, you will only be shown this dialog once!You can press escape or click on the X to close this box. share|improve this answer answered Aug 27 '11 at 22:45 community wiki MarkIreland add a comment| up vote 0 down vote this bugged me for AGES!! asked 5 years ago viewed 1336 times active 3 years ago Blog Developers, webmasters, and ninjas: what's in a job title?
If you have something similar to: C:\glassfish\pkg\python2.4-minimal\python.exe Select it and click restore.
Click that icon to select the text, then copy it to the Clipboard on your computer by pressing the key combination command-C.If the text doesn't highlight when you click the icon, The one on the right represents a clipboard. I'm going to limit myself to giving what I think is the answer the original question."ZipCloud," sometimes named "JustCloud," is a cloud-storage service with a doubtful reputation. I finally got it to work by installing Python 2.7 and running the updatetool batch file in C:\glassfish3\bin.
Then remove glassfish3 directory totally. Then go to the next step. I had python 3.3 installed already. Check This Out When I run the update tool, I am receiving the following error: Update Tool was unable to start.
The located assembly's manifest definition doe s not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040) at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String cod eBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean I don't think that Ant is the issue. Can you please try the following: 1) uninstall the version you got via pip ("pip uninstall pythonnet"), 2) search for any remains of a previous attempt to install this in your OS = Windows 7 java-ee glassfish-3 share|improve this question edited Jul 28 '11 at 15:39 bakoyaro 1,84932147 asked Apr 19 '11 at 21:11 JDragon314159 84415 It may be that
Get the weekly newsletter! To fix this problem use the UC_IMAGE_PATH environment variable to provide a path to a valid image. If you don't already have a current backup, back up all data before doing anything else. davidanthoff added the bug label Mar 24, 2014 davidanthoff added this to the 2.0.0 Beta 1 milestone Mar 24, 2014 rudil closed this Mar 24, 2014 rudil commented Mar 24, 2014
What if I try to remove/delete Glassfish3 in its entirety? If you make three failed attempts to enter the password, the test will run anyway, but it will produce less information. If you're a visitor of this website: Please try again in a few minutes. You will not see the usual dots in place of typed characters.
Eventually, I gave up on that, and just uninstalled Glassfish and Python, then reinstalled Glassfish. It doesn't send or receive any data on the network. Register now! In the Finder, select Go ▹ Go to Folder...from the menu bar and paste into the box that opens by pressing command-V.
If I create a new user, I don't get the warning, and if I boot in safe mode I don't get it either.I have looked at a whole load of responses They speak for themselves, not for me. current community chat Stack Overflow Meta Stack Overflow your communities Sign up or log in to customize your list. Install Python and then tell us about your progress –bakoyaro Jul 27 '11 at 17:48 I wish there was a selected answer for this...
Looks like the Java 32-bit installation was in the way. Have a problem to use in Windows 2008 R2 SP1 Next message: [Python.NET] How to compile Python for .Net in VS2010 and .NET 4?
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Comparing two values for equality is ubiquitous in programming. It is also more tricky than it looks at first glance. This chapter looks at object equality in detail and gives some recommendations to consider when you design your own equality tests.
As mentioned in Section 11.2, the definition of equality is different in Scala and Java. Java has two equality comparisons: the == operator, which is the natural equality for value types and object identity for reference types, and the equals method, which is (user-defined) canonical equality for reference types. This convention is problematic, because the more natural symbol, ==, does not always correspond to the natural notion of equality. When programming in Java, a common pitfall for beginners is to compare objects with == when they should have been compared with equals. For instance, comparing two strings x and y using "x == y" might well yield false in Java, even if x and y have exactly the same characters in the same order.
Scala also has an equality method signifying object identity, but it is not used much. That kind of equality, written "x eq y", is true if x and y reference the same object. The == equality is reserved in Scala for the "natural" equality of each type. For value types, == is value comparison, just like in Java. For reference types, == is the same as equals in Scala. You can redefine the behavior of == for new types by overriding the equals method, which is always inherited from class Any. The inherited equals, which takes effect unless overridden, is object identity, as is the case in Java. So equals (and with it, ==) is by default the same as eq, but you can change its behavior by overriding the equals method in the classes you define. It is not possible to override == directly, as it is defined as a final method in class Any. That is, Scala treats == as if it were defined as follows in class Any:
final def == (that: Any): Boolean = if (null eq this) {null eq that} else {this equals that}
How should the equals method be defined? It turns out that writing a correct equality method is surprisingly difficult in object-oriented languages. In fact, after studying a large body of Java code, the authors of a 2007 paper concluded that almost all implementations of equals methods are faulty.[1]
This is problematic, because equality is at the basis of many other things. For one, a faulty equality method for a type C might mean that you cannot reliably put an object of type C in a collection. You might have two elements elem1, elem2 of type C which are equal, i.e., "elem1 equals elem2" yields true. Nevertheless, with commonly occurring faulty implementations of the equals method, you could still see behavior like the following:
var hashSet: Set[C] = new collection.immutable.HashSet hashSet += elem1 hashSet contains elem2 // returns false!Here are four common pitfalls[2] that can cause inconsistent behavior when overriding equals:
Consider adding an equality method to the following class of simple points:
class Point(val x: Int, val y: Int) { ... }A seemingly obvious, but wrong way would be to define it like this:
// An utterly wrong definition of equals def equals(other: Point): Boolean = this.x == other.x && this.y == other.yWhat's wrong with this method? At first glance, it seems to work OK:
scala> val p1, p2 = new Point(1, 2) p1: Point = Point@62d74e p2: Point = Point@254de0However, trouble starts once you start putting points into a collection:
scala> val q = new Point(2, 3) q: Point = Point@349f8a
scala> p1 equals p2 res0: Boolean = true
scala> p1 equals q res1: Boolean = false
scala> import scala.collection.mutable._ import scala.collection.mutable._How to explain that coll does not contain p2, even though p1 was added to it, and p1 and p2 are equal objects? The reason becomes clear in the following interaction, where the precise type of one of the compared points is masked. Define p2a as an alias of p2, but with type Any instead of Point:
scala> val coll = HashSet(p1) coll: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Point] = Set(Point@62d74e)
scala> coll contains p2 res2: Boolean = false
scala> val p2a: Any = p2 p2a: Any = Point@254de0Now, were you to repeat the first comparison, but with the alias p2a instead of p2, you would get:
scala> p1 equals p2a res3: Boolean = falseWhat went wrong? In fact, the version of equals given previously does not override the standard method equals, because its type is different. Here is the type of the equals method as it is defined in the root class Any:[3]
def equals(other: Any): BooleanBecause the equals method in Point takes a Point instead of an Any as an argument, it does not override equals in Any. Instead, it is just an overloaded alternative. Now, overloading in Scala and in Java is resolved by the static type of the argument, not the run-time type. So as long as the static type of the argument is Point, the equals method in Point is called. However, once the static argument is of type Any, the equals method in Any is called instead. This method has not been overridden, so it is still implemented by comparing object identity. That's why the comparison "p1 equals p2a" yields false even though points p1 and p2a have the same x and y values. That's also why the contains method in HashSet returned false. Since that method operates on generic sets, it calls the generic equals method in Object instead of the overloaded variant in Point.
A better equals method is the following:
// A better definition, but still not perfect override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Point => this.x == that.x && this.y == that.y case _ => false }Now equals has the correct type. It takes a value of type Any as parameter and it yields a Boolean result. The implementation of this method uses a pattern match. It first tests whether the other object is also of type Point. If it is, it compares the coordinates of the two points and returns the result. Otherwise the result is false.
A related pitfall is to define == with a wrong signature. Normally, if you try to redefine == with the correct signature, which takes an argument of type Any, the compiler will give you an error because you try to override a final method of type Any. However, newcomers to Scala sometimes make two errors at once: They try to override == and they give it the wrong signature. For instance:
def ==(other: Point): Boolean = // Don't do this!In that case, the user-defined == method is treated as an overloaded variant of the same-named method class Any, and the program compiles. However, the behavior of the program would be just as dubious as if you had defined equals with the wrong signature.
If you repeat the comparison of p1 and p2a with the latest definition of Point defined previously, you will get true, as expected. However, if you repeat the HashSet.contains test, you will probably still get false.
scala> val p1, p2 = new Point(1, 2) p1: Point = Point@670f2b p2: Point = Point@14f7c0In fact, this outcome is not 100% certain. You might also get true from the experiment. If you do, you can try with some other points with coordinates 1 and 2. Eventually, you'll get one which is not contained in the set. What goes wrong here is that Point redefined equals without also redefining hashCode.
scala> HashSet(p1) contains p2 res4: Boolean = false
Note that the collection in the example above is a HashSet. This means elements of the collection are put in "hash buckets" determined by their hash code. The contains test first determines a hash bucket to look in and then compares the given elements with all elements in that bucket. Now, the last version of class Point did redefine equals, but it did not at the same time redefine hashCode. So hashCode is still what it was in its version in class AnyRef: some transformation of the address of the allocated object. The hash codes of p1 and p2 are almost certainly different, even though the fields of both points are the same. Different hash codes mean with high probability different hash buckets in the set. The contains test will look for a matching element in the bucket which corresponds to p2's hash code. In most cases, point p1 will be in another bucket, so it will never be found. p1 and p2 might also end up by chance in the same hash bucket. In that case the test would return true.
The problem was that the last implementation of Point violated the contract on hashCode as defined for class Any:[4]
If two objects are equal according to the equals method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce the same integer result.
In fact, it's well known in Java that hashCode and equals should always be redefined together. Furthermore, hashCode may only depend on fields that equals depends on. For the Point class, the following would be a suitable definition of hashCode:
class Point(val x: Int, val y: Int) { override def hashCode = 41 * (41 + x) + y override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Point => this.x == that.x && this.y == that.y case _ => false } }This is just one of many possible implementations of hashCode. Adding the constant 41 to one integer field x, multiplying the result with the prime number 41, and adding to that result the other integer field y gives a reasonable distribution of hash codes at a low cost in running time and code size. We'll provide more guidance on writing hashCode later in this chapter.
Adding hashCode fixes the problems of equality when defining classes like Point. However, there are still other trouble spots to watch out for.
Consider the following slight variation of class Point:
class Point(var x: Int, var y: Int) { // Problematic override def hashCode = 41 * (41 + x) + y override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Point => this.x == that.x && this.y == that.y case _ => false } }The only difference is that the fields x and y are now vars instead of vals. The equals and hashCode methods are now defined in terms of these mutable fields, so their results change when the fields change. This can have strange effects once you put points in collections:
scala> val p = new Point(1, 2) p: Point = Point@2bNow, if you change a field in point p, does the collection still contain the point? We'll try it:
scala> val coll = HashSet(p) coll: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Point] = Set(Point@2b)
scala> coll contains p res5: Boolean = true
scala> p.x += 1This looks strange. Where did p go? More strangeness results if you check whether the elements iterator of the set contains p:
scala> coll contains p res7: Boolean = false
scala> coll.elements contains p res8: Boolean = trueSo here's a set that does not contain p, yet p is among the elements of the set! What happened, of course, is that after the change to the x field, the point p ended up in the wrong hash bucket of the set coll. That is, its original hash bucket no longer corresponded to the new value of its hash code. In a manner of speaking, the point p "dropped out of sight" in the set coll even though it still belonged to its elements.
The lesson to be drawn from this example is that when equals and hashCode depend on mutable state, it causes problems for potential users. If they put such objects into collections, they have to be careful never to modify the depended-on state, and this is tricky. If you need a comparison that takes the current state of an object into account, you should usually name it something else, not equals. Considering the last definition of Point, it would have been preferable to omit a redefinition of hashCode and to name the comparison method equalContents, or some other name different from equals. Point would then have inherited the default implementation of equals and hashCode. So p would have stayed locatable in coll even after the modification to its x field.
The contract of the equals method in scala.Any specifies that equals must implement an equivalence relation on non-null objects:[5]
The definition of equals developed so far for class Point satisfies the contract for equals. However, things become more complicated once subclasses are considered. Say there is a subclass ColoredPoint of Point that adds a field color of type Color. Assume Color is defined as an enumeration, as presented in Section 20.8:
object Color extends Enumeration { val Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet = Value }ColoredPoint overrides equals to take the new color field into account:
class ColoredPoint(x: Int, y: Int, val color: Color.Value) extends Point(x, y) { // Problem: equals not symmetricThis is what many programmers would likely write. Note that in this case, class ColoredPoint need not override hashCode. Because the new definition of equals on ColoredPoint is stricter than the overridden definition in Point (meaning it equates fewer pairs of objects), the contract for hashCode stays valid. If two colored points are equal, they must have the same coordinates, so their hash codes are guaranteed to be equal as well.
override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: ColoredPoint => this.color == that.color && super.equals(that) case _ => false } }
Taking the class ColoredPoint by itself, its definition of equals looks OK. However, the contract for equals is broken once points and colored points are mixed. Consider:
scala> val p = new Point(1, 2) p: Point = Point@2bThe comparison "p equals cp" invokes p's equals method, which is defined in class Point. This method only takes into account the coordinates of the two points. Consequently, the comparison yields true. On the other hand, the comparison "cp equals p" invokes cp's equals method, which is defined in class ColoredPoint. This method returns false, because p is not a ColoredPoint. So the relation defined by equals is not symmetric.
scala> val cp = new ColoredPoint(1, 2, Color.Red) cp: ColoredPoint = ColoredPoint@2b
scala> p equals cp res8: Boolean = true
scala> cp equals p res9: Boolean = false
The loss in symmetry can have unexpected consequences for collections. Here's an example:
scala> HashSet[Point](p) contains cp res10: Boolean = trueSo even though p and cp are equal, one contains test succeeds whereas the other one fails.
scala> HashSet[Point](cp) contains p res11: Boolean = false
How can you change the definition of equals so that it becomes symmetric? Essentially there are two ways. You can either make the relation more general or more strict. Making it more general means that a pair of two objects, x and y, is taken to be equal if either comparing x with y or comparing y with x yields true. Here's code that does this:
class ColoredPoint(x: Int, y: Int, val color: Color.Value) extends Point(x, y) { // Problem: equals not transitiveThe new definition of equals in ColoredPoint has one more case than the old one: If the other object is a Point but not a ColoredPoint, the method forwards to the equals method of Point. This has the desired effect of making equals symmetric. Now, both "cp equals p" and "p equals cp" result in true. However, the contract for equals is still broken. Now the problem is that the new relation is no longer transitive! Here's a sequence of statements that demonstrates this. Define a point and two colored points of different colors, all at the same position:
override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: ColoredPoint => (this.color == that.color) && super.equals(that) case that: Point => that equals this case _ => false } }
scala> val redp = new ColoredPoint(1, 2, Color.Red) redp: ColoredPoint = ColoredPoint@2bTaken individually, redp is equal to p and p is equal to bluep:
scala> val bluep = new ColoredPoint(1, 2, Color.Blue) bluep: ColoredPoint = ColoredPoint@2b
scala> redp == p res12: Boolean = trueHowever, comparing redp and bluep yields false:
scala> p == bluep res13: Boolean = true
scala> redp == bluep res14: Boolean = falseHence, the transitivity clause of equals's contract is violated. Making the equals relation more general seems to lead to a dead end. We'll try to make it stricter instead. One way to make equals stricter is to always treat objects of different classes as different. That could be achieved by modifying the equals methods in classes Point and ColoredPoint. In class Point, you could add an extra comparison that checks whether the run-time class of the other Point is exactly the same as this Point's class, as follows:
// A technically valid, but unsatisfying, equals method class Point(val x: Int, val y: Int) { override def hashCode = 41 * (41 + x) + y override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Point => this.x == that.x && this.y == that.y && this.getClass == that.getClass case _ => false } }You can then revert class ColoredPoint's implementation back to the version that previously had violated the symmetry requirement:[6]
class ColoredPoint(x: Int, y: Int, val color: Color.Value) extends Point(x, y) {Here, an instance of class Point is considered to be equal to some other instance of the same class only if the objects have the same coordinates and they have the same run-time class, meaning .getClass on either object returns the same value. The new definitions satisfy symmetry and transitivity because now every comparison between objects of different classes yields false. So a colored point can never be equal to a point. This convention looks reasonable, but one could argue that the new definition is too strict.
override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: ColoredPoint => (this.color == that.color) && super.equals(that) case _ => false } }
Consider the following slightly roundabout way to define a point at coordinates (1, 2):
scala> val pAnon = new Point(1, 1) { override val y = 2 } pAnon: Point = $anon$1@2bIs pAnon equal to p? The answer is no because the java.lang.Class objects associated with p and pAnon are different. For p it is Point, whereas for pAnon it is an anonymous class of Point. But clearly, pAnon is just another point at coordinates (1, 2). It does not seem reasonable to treat it as being different from p.
So it seems we are stuck. Is there a sane way to redefine equality on several levels of the class hierarchy while keeping its contract? In fact, there is such a way, but it requires one more method to redefine together with equals and hashCode. The idea is that. Here's the method's signature:
def canEqual(other: Any): BooleanThe method should return true if the other object is an instance of the class in which canEqual is (re)defined, false otherwise. It is called from equals to make sure that the objects are comparable both ways. Listing 28.1 shows a new (and final) implementation of class Point along these lines:] }
The equals method in this version of class Point contains the additional requirement that the other object can equal this one, as determined by the canEqual method. The implementation of canEqual in Point states that all instances of Point can be equal.
Listing 28.2 shows the corresponding implementation of ColoredPoint.] }
It can be shown that the new definition of Point and ColoredPoint keeps the contract of equals. Equality is symmetric and transitive. Comparing a Point to a ColoredPoint always yields false. Indeed, for any point p and colored point cp, "p equals cp" will return false because "cp canEqual p" will return false. The reverse comparison, "cp equals p", will also return false, because p is not a ColoredPoint, so the first pattern match in the body of equals in ColoredPoint will fail.
On the other hand, instances of different subclasses of Point can be equal, as long as none of the classes redefines the equality method. For instance, with the new class definitions, the comparison of p and pAnon would yield true. Here are some examples:
scala> val p = new Point(1, 2) p: Point = Point@6bcThese examples demonstrate that if a superclass equals implementation defines and calls canEqual, then programmers who implement subclasses can decide whether or not their subclasses may be equal to instances of the superclass. Because ColoredPoint overrides canEqual, for example, a colored point may never be equal to a plain-old point. But because the anonymous subclass referenced from pAnon does not override canEqual, its instance can be equal to a Point instance.
scala> val cp = new ColoredPoint(1, 2, Color.Indigo) cp: ColoredPoint = ColoredPoint@11421
scala> val pAnon = new Point(1, 1) { override val y = 2 } pAnon: Point = $anon$1@6bc
scala> val coll = List(p) coll: List[Point] = List(Point@6bc)
scala> coll contains p res0: Boolean = true
scala> coll contains cp res1: Boolean = false
scala> coll contains pAnon res2: Boolean = true
One potential criticism of the canEqual approach is that it violates the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP). For example, the technique of implementing equals by comparing run-time classes, which led to the inability to define a subclass whose instances can equal instances of the superclass, has been described as a violation of the LSP.[7] The reasoning is that the LSP states you should be able to use (substitute) a subclass instance where a superclass instance is required. In the previous example, however, "coll contains cp" returned false even though cp's x and y values matched those of the point in the collection. Thus it may seem like a violation of the LSP, because you can't use a ColoredPoint here where a Point is expected. We believe this is the wrong interpretation, though, because the LSP doesn't require that a subclass behaves identically to its superclass, just that it behaves in a way that fulfills the contract of its superclass.
The problem with writing an equals method that compares run-time classes is not that it violates the LSP, but that it doesn't give you a way to create a subclass whose instances can equal superclass instances. For example, had we used the run-time class technique in the previous example, "coll contains pAnon" would have returned false, and that's not what we wanted. By contrast, we really did want "coll contains cp" to return false, because by overriding equals in ColoredPoint, we were basically saying that an indigo-colored point at coordinates (1, 2) is not the same thing as an uncolored point at (1, 2). Thus, in the previous example we were able to pass two different Point subclass instances to the collection's contains method, and we got back two different answers, both correct.
The equals methods in the previous examples all started with a pattern match that tested whether the type of the operand conformed to the type of the class containing the equals method. When classes are parameterized, this scheme needs to be adapted a little bit. As an example, consider binary trees. The class hierarchy shown in Listing 28.3 defines an abstract class Tree for a binary tree, with two alternative implementations: an EmptyTree object and a Branch class representing non-empty trees. A non-empty tree is made up of some element elem and a left and right child tree. The type of its element is given by a type parameter T.]
We'll now add equals and hashCode methods to these classes. For class Tree itself there's nothing to do, because we assume that these methods are implemented separately for each implementation of the abstract class. For object EmptyTree, there's still nothing to do because the default implementations of equals and hashCode that EmptyTree inherits from AnyRef work just fine. After all, an EmptyTree is only equal to itself, so equality should be reference equality, which is what's inherited from AnyRef.
But adding equals and hashCode to Branch requires some work. A Branch value should only be equal to other Branch values, and only if the two values have equal elem, left and right fields. It's natural to apply the schema for equals that was developed in the previous sections of this chapter. This would give:
class Branch[T]( val elem: T, val left: Tree[T], val right: Tree[T] ) extends Tree[T] {Compiling this example, however, gives an indication that "unchecked" warnings occurred. Compiling again with the -unchecked option reveals the following problem:
override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Branch[T] => this.elem == that.elem && this.left == that.left && this.right == that.right case _ => false } }
$ fsc -unchecked Tree.scala Tree.scala:14: warning: non variable type-argument T in type pattern is unchecked since it is eliminated by erasure case that: Branch[T] => this.elem == that.elem && ^
As the warning says, there is a pattern match against a Branch[T] type, yet the system can only check that the other reference is (some kind of) Branch; it cannot check that the element type of the tree is T. You encountered in Chapter 19 the reason for this: element types of parameterized types are eliminated by the compiler's erasure phase; they are not available to be inspected at run-time.
So what can you do? Fortunately, it turns out that you need not necessarily check that two Branches have the same element types when comparing them. It's quite possible that two Branches with different element types are equal, as long as their fields are the same. A simple example of this would be the Branch that consists of a single Nil element and two empty subtrees. It's plausible to consider any two such Branches to be equal, no matter what static types they have:
scala> val b1 = new Branch[List[String]](Nil, EmptyTree, EmptyTree) b1: Branch[List[String]] = Branch@2f1eb9
scala> val b2 = new Branch[List[Int]](Nil, EmptyTree, EmptyTree) b2: Branch[List[Int]] = Branch@be55d1
scala> b1 == b2 res0: Boolean = true
The positive result of the comparison above was obtained with the implementation of equals on Branch shown previously. This demonstrates that the element type of the Branch was not checked—if it had been checked, the result would have been false.
Note that one can disagree which of the two possible outcomes of the comparison would be more natural. In the end, this depends on the mental model of how classes are represented. In a model where type-parameters are present only at compile-time, it's natural to consider the two Branch values b1 and b2 to be equal. In an alternative model where a type parameter forms part of an object's value, it's equally natural to consider them different. Since Scala adopts the type erasure model, type parameters are not preserved at run time, so that b1 and b2 are naturally considered to be equal.
There's only a tiny change needed to formulate an equals method that does not produce an unchecked warning: instead of an element type T, use a lower case letter, such as t:
case that: Branch[t] => this.elem == that.elem && this.left == that.left && this.right == that.rightRecall from Section 15.2 that a type parameter in a pattern starting with a lower-case letter represents an unknown type. Hence, the pattern match:
case that: Branch[t] =>will succeed for Branch values of any type. The type parameter t represents the unknown element type of the Branch. It can also be replaced by an underscore, as in the following case, which is equivalent to the previous one:
case that: Branch[_] =>
The only thing that remains is to define for class Branch the other two methods, hashCode and canEqual, which go with equals. Here's a possible implementation of hashCode:
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 * ( 41 + elem.hashCode ) + left.hashCode ) + right.hashCodeThis is only one of many possible implementations. As shown previously, the principle is to take hashCode values of all fields, and to combine them using additions and multiplications by some prime number. Here's an implementation of method canEqual in class Branch:
def canEqual(other: Any) = other match { case that: Branch[_] => true case _ => false }The implementation of the canEqual method used a typed pattern match. It would also be possible to formulate it with isInstanceOf:
def canEqual(other: Any) = other.isInstanceOf[Branch[_]]If you feel like nit-picking (and we encourage you to do so!), you might wonder what the occurrence of the underscore in the type above signifies. After all, Branch[_] is a technically a type parameter of a method, not a type pattern, so how is it possible to leave some parts of it undefined? The answer to that question is found in the next chapter: Branch[_] is a shorthand for a so-called existential type, which is roughly speaking a type with some unknown parts in it. So even though technically the underscore stands for two different things in a pattern match and in a type parameter of a method call, in essence the meaning is the same: it lets you label something that is unknown. The final version of Branch is shown in Listing 28.4.
class Branch[T]( val elem: T, val left: Tree[T], val right: Tree[T] ) extends Tree[T] {
override def equals(other: Any) = other match { case that: Branch[_] => (that canEqual this) && this.elem == that.elem && this.left == that.left && this.right == that.right case _ => false }
def canEqual(other: Any) = other.isInstanceOf[Branch[_]]
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 * ( 41 + elem.hashCode ) + left.hashCode ) + right.hashCode }
In this section, we'll provide step-by-step recipes for creating equals and hashCode methods that should suffice for most situations. As an illustration, we'll use the methods of class Rational, shown in Listing 28.5. To create this class, we removed the mathematical operator methods from the version of class Rational shown in Listing 6.5 here. We also made a minor enhancement to toString and modified the initializers of numer and denom to normalize all fractions to have a positive denominator (i.e., to transform 1/-2 to -1/2). Here's the recipe for overriding equals:
class Rational(n: Int, d: Int) {
require(d != 0)
private val g = gcd(n.abs, d.abs) val numer = (if (d < 0) -n else n) / g val denom = d.abs / g
private def gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int = if (b == 0) a else gcd(b, a % b)
override def equals(other: Any): Boolean = other match {
case that: Rational => (that canEqual this) && numer == that.numer && denom == that.denom
case _ => false }
def canEqual(other: Any): Boolean = other.isInstanceOf[Rational]
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 + numer ) + denom
override def toString = if (denom == 1) numer.toString else numer +"/"+ denom }
def canEqual(other: Any): Boolean =
other.isInstanceOf[Rational]
override def equals(other: Any): Boolean =
other match { // ... }
case that: Rational =>
super.equals(that) &&If you are defining equals for a class that first introduced canEqual, you should invoke canEqual on the argument to the equality method, passing this as the argument:
(that canEqual this) &&Overriding redefinitions of equals should also include the canEqual invocation, unless they contain a call to super.equals. In the latter case, the canEqual test will already be done by the superclass call. Lastly, for each field relevant to equality, verify that the field in this object is equal to the corresponding field in the passed object:
numer == that.numer && denom == that.denom
case _ => false
If you adhere to the preceding recipe, equality is guaranteed to be an equivalence relation, as is required by the equals contract.
For hashCode, you can usually achieve satisfactory results if you use the following recipe, which is similar to a recipe recommended for Java classes in Effective Java.[8] Include in the calculation each field in your object that is used to determine equality in the equals method (the "relevant" fields). For each relevant field, no matter its type, you can calculate a hash code by invoking hashCode on it. To calculate a hash code for the entire object, add 41 to the first field's hash code, multiply that by 41, add the second field's hash code, multiply that by 41, add the third field's hash code, multiply that by 41, and so on, until you've done this for all relevant fields.
For example, to implement the hash code for an object that has five relevant fields named a, b, c, d, and e, you would write:
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 * ( 41 * ( 41 * ( 41 + a.hashCode ) + b.hashCode ) + c.hashCode ) + d.hashCode ) + e.hashCodeIf you wish, you can leave off the hashCode invocation on fields of type Int, Short, Byte, and Char. The hash code for an Int is the value of the Int, as are the hash codes of Shorts, Bytes, and Chars when automatically widened to Int. Given numer or denom are Ints, therefore, we implemented Rational's hashCode method like this:
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 + numer ) + denomThe number 41 was selected for the multiplications because it is an odd prime. You could use another number, but it should be an odd prime to minimize the potential for information loss on overflow. The reason we added 41 to the innermost value is to reduce the likelihood that the first multiplication will result in zero, under the assumption that it is more likely the first field used will be zero than -41. The number 41 was chosen for the addition only for looks. You could use any non-zero integer.
If the equals method invokes super.equals(that) as part of its calculation, you should start your hashCode calculation with an invocation of super.hashCode. For example, had Rational's equals method invoked super.equals(that), its hashCode would have been:
override def hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 * ( super.hashCode ) + numer ) + denom
One thing to keep in mind as you write hashCode methods using this approach is that your hash code will only be as good as the hash codes you build it out of, namely the hash codes you obtain by calling hashCode on the relevant fields of your object. Sometimes you may need to do something extra besides just calling hashCode on the field to get a useful hash code for that field. For example, if one of your fields is a collection, you probably want a hash code for that field that is based on all the elements contained in the collection. If the field is a List, Set, Map, or tuple, you can simply call hashCode on the field, because equals and hashCode are overridden in those classes to take into account the contained elements. However the same is not true for Arrays, which do not take elements into account when calculating a hash code. Thus for an array, you should treat each element of the array like an individual field of your object, calling hashCode on each element explicitly, or passing the array to one of the hashCode methods in singleton object java.util.Arrays.
Lastly, if you find that a particular hash code calculation is harming the performance of your program, you can consider caching the hash code. If the object is immutable, you can calculate the hash code when the object is created and store it in a field. You can do this by simply overriding hashCode with a val instead of a def, like this:
override val hashCode: Int = 41 * ( 41 + numer ) + denomThis approach trades off memory for computation time, because each instance of the immutable class will have one more field to hold the cached hash code value.
In retrospect, defining a correct implementation of equals has been surprisingly subtle. You must be careful about the type signature; you must override hashCode; you should avoid dependencies on mutable state; and you should implement and use a canEqual method if your class is non-final. Given how difficult it is to implement a correct equality method, you might prefer to define your classes of comparable objects as case classes. That way, the Scala compiler will add equals and hashCode methods with the right properties automatically.
[1] Vaziri, et al., "Declarative Object Identity Using Relation Types" vaziri-tip-2007
[2] All but the third of these pitfalls are described in the context of Java in the book, Effective Java Second Edition, by Joshua Bloch. bloch:effective-java
[3] If you write a lot of Java, you might expect the argument to this method to be type Object instead of type Any. Don't worry about it. It is the same equals method. The compiler simply makes it appear to have type Any.
[4] The text of Any's hashCode contract is inspired by the Javadoc documentation of class java.lang.Object.
[5] As with hashCode, Any's equals contract is based on the contract of equals in java.lang.Object.
[6] Given the new implementation of equals in Point, this version of ColoredPoint no longer violates the symmetry requirement.
[7] Bloch, Effective Java Second Edition, p. 39 bloch:effective-java
[8] Bloch, Effective Java Second Edition. bloch:effective-java
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01 June 2012 07:50 [Source: ICIS news]
SINGAPORE (ICIS)--The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) stood by its offer of a $26.00-27.50/tonne premium for term naphtha supplies for July 2012 to June 2013, although spot prices have been on a downward trend in recent months, a company source said on Friday.
At midday on 1 June, open-spec naphtha prices were at $809.50-812.50/tonne CFR (cost & freight) ?xml:namespace>
The term contract is offered for three naphtha grades – splitter naphtha, low-sulphur naphtha and paraffinic naphtha – on Adnoc’s pricing formula free on board (FOB).
Adnoc has further reduced its one-year contract for splitter naphtha by 400,000 tonnes from its initial estimation of 1.2m tonnes because of less feedstock condensate.
“We know that the buyers are asking for lower premiums, but we will not adjust [our offer],” the company source said.
“The buyers have to see that this is a term contract for 12 months. Since we do not know how prices will be in the future, this premium maybe reasonable to them then. There is so much military attention in the
A major buyer for paraffinic naphtha was reluctant to accept the $27.50/tonne premium, in view of further price slides in the spot market.
“Sentiment is weak and after
“We will either not accept this term or reduce our quantities from 150,000 tonnes,” he added.
Both Adnoc and its buyers remain in negotiations for the one-year term contract, and the settlement date remains unclear.
The company may offer short-term naphtha supplies in the second half of this year, once its upstream condensate supply normalises, the company source said.
Adnoc previously concluded its term naphtha supplies for June 2011 to July 2012 at a $20.50-24.50/tonne premium to Adnoc’s pricing formula F
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This is a follow-on to my previous post on green noise. Here we create green noise with Python by passing white noise through a Butterworth filter.
Green noise is in the middle of the audible spectrum (on the Bark scale), just where our hearing is most sensitive, analogous to the green light, the frequency where our eyes are most sensitive. See previous post for details, including an explanation of where the left and right cutoffs below come from.
Here’s the code:
from scipy.io.wavfile import write from scipy.signal import buttord, butter, filtfilt from scipy.stats import norm from numpy import int16 def turn_green(signal, samp_rate): # start and stop of green noise range left = 1612 # Hz right = 2919 # Hz nyquist = (samp_rate/2) left_pass = 1.1*left/nyquist left_stop = 0.9*left/nyquist right_pass = 0.9*right/nyquist right_stop = 1.1*right/nyquist (N, Wn) = buttord(wp=[left_pass, right_pass], ws=[left_stop, right_stop], gpass=2, gstop=30, analog=0) (b, a) = butter(N, Wn, btype='band', analog=0, output='ba') return filtfilt(b, a, signal) def to_integer(signal): # Take samples in [-1, 1] and scale to 16-bit integers, # values between -2^15 and 2^15 - 1. signal /= max(signal) return int16(signal*(2**15 - 1)) N = 48000 # samples per second white_noise= norm.rvs(0, 1, 3*N) # three seconds of audio green = turn_green(white_noise, N) write("green_noise.wav", N, to_integer(green))
And here’s what it sounds like:
Let’s look at the spectrum to see whether it looks right. We’ll use one second of the signal so the x-axis coincides with frequency when we plot the FFT.
from scipy.fftpack import fft one_sec = green[0:N] plt.plot(abs(fft(one_sec))) plt.xlim((1500, 3000)) plt.show()
Here’s the output, concentrated between 1600 and 3000 Hz as expected:
2 thoughts on “How to create Green noise in Python”
A few errors in the code:
1. The value of “right pass” creates a non-positive filter order (and hence an error) — Did you mean instead the following?
right_pass = 0.9*right/nyquist
2. The array “data” does not exist. I believe the last line is rather
write(“green_noise.wav”, N, to_integer(green))
Cheers.
dan: Thanks. My working code had gotten out of sync with what I’d written in the blog post.
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https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2016/04/27/how-to-create-green-noise-in-python/
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Code<Template>.NET is an add-in for Visual Studio .NET, that provides a mechanism for inserting commonly used text fragments into your source code. It is based on the ideas presented in my additions to Michael Taylor's extension to Darren Richard's original CodeTmpl addin.
The main differences with the original CodeTmpl addin are:
The text fragments used by Code<Template>.NET are contained in files called CodeTmpl.* (where * is a per-language extension) which are located in the user's roaming profile. These files are originally copied from sample files which are located on the same directory as the addin's executable. The format of these text files is very simple: named blocks contain the text fragments that will be inserted in your source code. Besides the directly inserted text, these fragments can also contain tags which represent replaceable keywords and prompted values. These named blocks will show up as menus and submenus in Code<Template>.NET's toolbar button. When you click on one of these menu items, the corresponding text fragment will be inserted in the active window's insertion point.
*
The template files are completely configurable so you can replace or change the default text fragments to suit your own needs. The format of the template files is extremely simple. Basically you paste your block of code into the file and surround it with the open menu (#{) and close menu (}#) tags. The open menu tag should be followed by the name that will appear on the popup menu. The open menu tag can also include a Menu ID that is separated from the display name by a vertical bar (|); this Menu ID is used to directly insert a template into the editor by pressing Ctrl+Enter. Whatever text is placed between the open and close menu tags will be copied verbatim into the text editor. Menu items can be nested, creating a hierarchical view of templates. You can also specify an access key by placing an '&' character before the character to be used as the access key. For example, to specify the "F" in "File" as an access key, you would specify the caption for the menu name as "&File". You can use this feature to provide keyboard navigation for your templates. A separator (##) tag can be used to separate menu items and an exclamation mark (!) at the start of a line is used for single line comments.
#{
}#
|
##
!
Additional template files can be included by adding a line starting with "#include" followed by the file name. If the file name does not have an absolute path, the file will be searched for relative to the base template file in the user's roaming profile. Include statements can only be inserted between menu and submenu definitions.
#include
For example:
#{Hello World - &Console|hwc
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::cout << "Hello, new world!\n";
}
#}
##########################
#{Hello World - &GUI|hwg
#include <WinUser.h>
int PASCAL WinMain(HANDLE hInstance,
HANDLE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpszCommandLine,
int cmdShow)
{
MessageBox(NULL, "Hello, World",
"Example", MB_OK);
}
#}
If your template file; a speedier way to insert this template would be to type hwc and then press ctrl+<space>.
#}
The replaceable text between the menu open and menu close tags can contain replaceable keywords. These keywords are surrounded by the keyword open (<% ) and keyword close (%>) tags and are case-insensitive. To insert these tags verbatim in the text (in ASP templates for example) escape the percent ('%') symbol by preceding it with a backslash ('\'). The less than ('<') and the greater than ('>') characters are escapable too.
<%
%>
Currently, the following keywords are predefined:
SOLUTION
Returns the solution name.
PROJECT
Returns the current project name.
FILE
Returns the current file name.
NOW
Returns the current date and time.
TODAY
Returns the current date.
GUID
Returns a GUID.
TEMPLATE
Inserts the text from another template.
#{Sample
The solution's name is <%SOLUTION%>
and the current project is <%PROJECT%>
}#
will be expanded to:
The solution's name is CodeTemplateNET
and the current project is CodeTemplateNET
If an undefined keyword is used, then its value is searched for in the system's environment; if the environment variable is not found the keyword is replaced with the empty string. For example:
#{User name
Logged-in user name: <%USERNAME%>
}#
Logged-in user name: velasqueze
When using nested templates using the template keyword, the template that is being referenced must have a MenuID. For example:
template
MenuID
#{Template A|tpla
// This is template A
}#
#{Template B|tplb
// <%template:tpla%>
// This is template B
}#
Ah, and by the way... recursive template nesting is a Bad thing... don't do it!
If the keyword's name starts with a question mark (?) then the keyword represents a prompt value and its name is used as the prompt string in the input dialog. The prompt keyword name can contain spaces. For example:
#{Ask me something
<%?Please answer the prompt%>
}#
will be expanded to: (Supposing you typed "I just answered!" in the input box
I just answered!
The cursor position tag (%$%) will reposition the caret after the text has been formatted and inserted in the editor window.
%$%
The value of a keyword can be modified by one or more formatters. Formatters follow the keyword name and are separated by colons (:) and can have parameters.
Currently, the following formatters are predefined:
U
U[=start[,length]]
L
L[=start[,length]]
W
R
R=str1[,str2]
FMT
FMT=str
Returns the key's value formatted applying the parameter to System.String.Format(). e.g. String.Format("{0:str }", key)
System.String.Format()
String.Format("{0:str }", key)
VALUES
VALUES=v1{, vn}*
FIXEDVALUES
FIXEDVALUES=v1{, vn}*
MULTILINE
MULTILINE=int
DRIVE
DIR
FNAME
EXT
PATH
BASENAME
#{Sample
User name: <%USERNAME:U%> // User name uppercased
GUID: <%GUID:R=-_:U%> // GUID replacing all the '-' with '_' and uppercased
File's base name: <%FILE:BASENAME%>
m_a is a <%?Access:values= public,protected,private%> variable.
}#
will expand to:
User name: VELASQUEZE // User name uppercased
// GUID replacing all the '-' with '_' and uppercased
GUID: 33784DF9_4EF5_49AE_8E8B_2F8FAAC8B1A2
File's base name: connect.cs
m_a is a protected variable.
Known issues
The installer file is way too big. Visual Studio insists on adding a 204 K file named MSVBDPCA.DLL. I don't know where it came from and I don't know how to get rid of it.
The CommandBar is not removed after uninstalling. The darn toolbar just won't go away.
It has not been tested with Visual Studio .NET 2002.
Any suggestions on how to resolve these issues are greatly appreciated.
Any suggestions on how to resolve these issues are greatly appreciated.
autocomplete
values
fixedvalues
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6) What is the total return for a mutual fund with the following characteristics?
beginning NAV= $55.82
ending NAV= $70.52
dividends distributed= $2.25
capital gains distributed= $3.50
A) 29.71%
B) 30.82%
C) 32.26%
D) 36.64%
7) Zippo Mutual Fund is one of your best performers. It just announced a year-end distribution of $2.50 per share in capital gains and $4.25 in dividends. Assuming the NAV increased from $31.50 to $43.75, calculate your total annual return.
A) 60.32%
B) 46.87%
C) 26.95%
D) 24.53%
8) You purchased 100 shares of Gibraltar Strength Fund for $20.50 per share. As a result of distribution reinvestment you currently own 120 shares with a NAV of $22.75 per share. What is your total return?
A) 16.67%
B) 20.00%
C) 24.91%
D) 33.17%
9) Suppose that the current value of all of a mutual fund's holdings is determined to be $750 million. The fund's liabilities are $125 million and it grew at 20% from last year. It currently has 45 million shares outstanding. What is the fund's NAV?
A) $12.00 per share
B) $13.89 per share
C) $14.40 per share
D) $16.80 per share
10) You purchased 100 shares of a fund for $15.50 per share. Its current NAV is 20.75 per share. There were no distributions. What is your total return?
A) 33.87%
B) 22.33%
C) 79.67%
D) 25.51%
11)%
12) What does the following mathematical expression yield? (total market value of all securities - liabilities) divided by (total shares outstanding) = ________.
A) asset value
B) net value
C) net asset value
D) net return value
E) asset return value
13) You purchased 1,000 shares of fund ABC for $35.00 NAV per share. You elected the dividend reinvestment plan and had all dividend and capital gains distributions reinvested in additional shares. You just closed your account and sold 1,100 shares for $30 NAV. What was your total return on this investment?
A) -6.06%
B) -5.71%
C) 5.71%
D) 6.06%
14) You purchased 500 shares in a mutual fund for $32 NAV. You elected the dividend reinvestment plan and had all dividend and capital gains distributions reinvested in additional shares. You just closed your account and sold 550 shares for $48 NAV. What was your total return on this investment?
A) 24.03%
B) 34.29%
C) 41.44%
D) 50.86%
15) Briefly describe the cost involved in mutual funds.
Solution.pdf
Solution.pdf
Differentiate between open-end and closed-end mutual funds Now imagine that you bought a mutual fund that had a beginning NAV of $10 per share It paid dividends of $050 and distributed capital gains...
P12.1-A year ago, an investor bought 600 shares of a mutual fund at $8.65 per share. Over the past year, the fund has paid dividends of $0.81 per share and...
16) Explain how sales loads and fund expenses can negatively impact your return on investment in a mutual fund. 1) Net asset value is determined by taking the total market value of all the securities...
The holding period return (HPR) for 1,000 shares of a no-load mutual fund currently selling at a NAV of $11, purchased a year ago at a NAV of $10.50/share, including $300 of distributed investment...
You invested in the no-load Oh Yes Mutual Fund one year ago by purchasing 1,000 shares of the fund at the net asset value of $25.00 per share. The fund distributed dividends of $1.50 and capital gains...
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https://www.transtutors.com/questions/6-what-is-the-total-return-for-a-mutual-fund-with-the-following-characteristics-begi-4400573.htm
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I recently got a comment on my article from 1st February about Soldering a Slice of Pi/O asking for some help in programming it in Python. This reminded me that I have not got very far with this little board beyond checking that the Raspberry Pi could see it. So I decided to see what I could find and if I could make it do something.
My first port of call was to look around the web. I quickly found several pages about the board and its key component, the MCP23017 i2C Expander chip.
- The datasheet for the chip is here
- Construction and fitting instructions are here
- A general discussion of i/o expansion using these chips can be found here
As far as writing programs to control the pins, though. That was a bit harder to find.
There is quite a nice article about controlling the MCP23017 chip here. Mid-way down the page it gives some examples of controlling the ports using i2ctools. If you followed the steps given in the construction guide above, or in my original article, you should already have these tools installed so, for example, you can do:
i2cset -y 0 0x20 x00 0x00 i2cset -y 0 0x20 0x12 0x01 sleep 1 i2cset -y 0 0x20 0x12 0x00
to switch A0 (that’s the pin nearest the Raspberry Pi GPIO header) on for a second, then off again.
I hadn’t quite realised until I started this that the IO headers on the Slice of Pi/O board are in two distinct rows. The outside row is all GND, and the inside row contains the actual GPIO pins. There are also two pin numbering schemes in use. The chip documentation numbers the pins as two banks of eight, named A0-A7 and B0-B7. They are separated into two banks for practical reasons to do with addressing. i2c software, however, typically seems to refer to the pins as a single run from 0 to 15. Just to clear up any confusion A0 is pin 1, A7 is pin 7, B0 is pin 8, B7 is pin 15. The pins run in ascending order from the end of the board with the Raspberry Pi GPIO header. Pin 0 (A0) is nearest the header, and Pin 15 (B7) is farthest away.
Programming the pins in a shell script is all well and good, but what was asked for was a way to program the pins in Python. This needed a bit more looking around. Eventually I found that some excellent teaching examples at Adafruit, in particular this one about programming the MCP23017.
If you are already comfortable with programming in Python on the Raspberry Pi, then the code example available from that page may be all you need to get started. I have not done much of this, though. Most of my Raspberry Pi programming has either been in C or in Ruby.
To give the Adafruit examples a try, I decided to have a go at installing and using the Python Web IDE. Installation was pretty simple: just follow the instructions at Adafruit.
The example code provided is OK for checking that everything is in place, but “out of the box” it just reads and prints the value of pin 3, then flashes pin 0 on and off as fast as Python will go. This is not very easy for an ordinary human being to spot.
To make things a bit more visible, I wired an LED with a resistor in series between pin 0 and GND, then put a one second sleep between the flashes:
import time ... while True: mcp.output(0, 1) # Pin 0 High time.sleep(1) mcp.output(0, 0) # Pin 0 Low time.sleep(1)
At first I thought it was not working, but then I realised that the problem was in my choice of resistor. I had picked one with too high a value, so the LED was very dim. But when I turned off the room lights I could just about see it flashing.
Flushed with success I decided to do something a bit more interesting, and upgraded the code to cycle round three different pins “flashing” them in sequence:
pins = [0,1,2] t = 1 while True: for pin in pins: mcp.output(pin, 1) time.sleep(t) mcp.output(pin, 0) time.sleep(t)
Trying to do this with my poor selection of resistors and LEDs was not very satisfactory, so I used it as an excuse to break out my Saleae USB logic analyser. I’ll have to write another post about this device, but for now, I connected two of its channels to pins 0 and 1, then decreased the wait time “t” of the above example to 0.001s. I got a lovely trace showing the pins rising and falling.
I think that’s enough for now. I have seen the pins working from Python, both as inputs and outputs, which I think is what was wanted.
While looking I did find another likely looking example of this sort of thing, with Python code here. I’ve not tried this one, but if you do , please let me know how you get on.
[update] I have finally found out how to stop WordPress converting x characters as mentioned in the comments. Hopefully all the x characters on this page and others should now be correct. If you do find any rogue “multiply” symbols please let me know. Thanks, Frank.
There’s also an MCP23008 tutorial here but I dunno if that’s any better than any of the other tutorials you’ve read.
Thanks for that Frank.
Unfortunately, I get an error that I’m unable to fathom when I cut ‘n paste your example commands:
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ i2cset -y 1 0×20 0×00 0×00
Error: Chip address is not a number!
A definition of I2C parameters I found at states:
chip-address specifies the address of the chip on that bus, and is an integer between 0x03 and 0x77.
data-address specifies the address on that chip to write to, and is an integer between 0x00 and 0xFF.
You specify 0x00 as the chip address in your example, yet this contradicts that it is “…an integer between 0x03 and 0x77…”. Are the I2C range parameters different for Ubuntu?
Grasping at straws, I tried replacing the chip address 0x00 with 0x20 with the same result.
Where am I going wrong?
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ i2cdetect -y 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
00: ———- — — — — — — — — — — — —
10: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
20: 20 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
30: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
40: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
50: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
60: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
70: — — — — — — — —
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ i2cdetect -l
i2c-0 i2c bcm2708_i2c.0 I2C adapter
i2c-1 i2c bcm2708_i2c.1 I2C adapter
Frank *is* using 0x20 as his chip-address. That man-page you link to says:
i2cset [-f] [-y] [-m mask] [-r] i2cbus chip-address data-address [value [mode]]
and Frank’s command line is:
i2cset -y 0 0×20 0×00 0×00
so the parameters match up as:
i2cbus=0
chip-address=0x20
data-address=0x00
value=0x00
(-y is a flag that doesn’t take any additional arguments)
(Frank’s using i2cbus 0, and you’re using i2cbus 1, so I’m assuming Frank must be using a Rev1.0 RPi and you’re using a Rev2.0 RPi – )
I don’t currently have access to my Pi to check, but I’d guess from your error that maybe you’re using a O (capital letter o) somewhere instead of a 0 (number zero)? Also, some browsers get funny with ‘hidden formatting’ getting copied when you cut’n’paste from a website, so try typing in the command by hand instead of cut’n’pasting.
Nah, checked that. ‘Tried manual typing.
The manual says:
“…chip-address specifies the address of the chip on that bus, and is an integer between 0x03 and 0x77…”
The i2cdetect command shows my device at address 0x20 (with value 0x20 ?) and listing empty values at addresses 0x03 through 0x77 except 0x20.
OK – I can now! do:
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ i2cset -y 1 0x20 0x20 0x01
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ i2cset -y 1 0x20 0x20 0x00
I think the error was that chip address 0x00 wasn’t valid (but why the error report “is not a number” – I thought zero was a number when I was at school).
Therefore, the above two commands firstly select pin A0 (on the Slice of PI/O) and then switch it high? Is that correct?
This is weird. I just powered up the raspberry pi, still with its pi/O attached, copied the above examples and now I see the same problem. It’s odd because I created the above examples by cutting and pasting from my terminal window.
After a bit of checking it seems that WordPress may have changed the “x” characters. They look a little strange, and when I went back and replaced them with proper lower-case ‘x’ characters the command line worked!
Try replacing the “x”s and see if things work better for you too.
Yeah – that’s the problem – those darned x s
All the LEDs on my relay board lit up like a darned christmas tree!
Thanks Frank
Glad that got it sorted. I’m guessing that the problem here is something to do with the syntax colouring plugin I have on this blog. I think it’s time to look for a better one!
Huh?! Didn’t I already suggest typing in the whole command by hand instead of copy’n’pasting? ;-)
Yeah – I did type the ‘hole command. ‘Had holes in it… Doh!
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Java Stream noneMatch (Predicate predicate) is short-circuiting terminal operation which is used to check if no element of the stream match the provided predicate.
1. Stream noneMatch() method
1.1. Syntax
boolean noneMatch(Predicate<? super T> predicate)
Here
predicate a non-interfering, stateless predicate to apply to elements of the stream.
1.2. Description
- It is a short-circuiting terminal operation.
- It returns whether no element of the stream match the provided predicate.
- May not evaluate the predicate on all elements if not necessary for determining the result. Method returns
trueif no stream element match the given predicate, else method returns
false.
- If the stream is empty then
trueis returned and the predicate is not evaluated.
- It is pretty much opposite to method Stream.allMatch().
2. Stream noneMatch() example
Java example of
Stream.noneMatch() method to check if no stream element contain any numeric/digit character.
import java.util.stream.Stream; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Stream<String> stream = Stream.of("one", "two", "three", "four"); boolean match = stream.noneMatch( s -> s.contains("\\d+") ); System.out.println(match); //true } }
Program output.
true
3. Conclusion
Stream.noneMatch() method can be a useful in certain cases where we need to run a check on all stream elements. For example, we can use Java Stream noneMatch() function on a stream of employee objects to validate that all employees are NOT below a certain age.
It is short-circuiting operation. A terminal operation is short-circuiting if, when presented with infinite input, it may terminate in finite time.
Reference :
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F handle the data from arriving notifications when the user taps on it on the phone.
FCM Plugin SET UP
The first thing we need to do is install the FCM plugin:
$ ionic cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-fcm $ npm install --save @ionic-native/fcm
Now go into your
app.module.ts file and import FCM and add it to the providers array:
import { FCM } from '@ionic-native/fcm'; @NgModule({ imports: [...], providers: [ ..., FCM ] })
Go into your Firebase Console, and you will find in the Overview section a box that lets you add a new app to Firebase, it has three choices, Android, iOS, and the web.
You are going to click on a new Android app, and it will open a dialog box like the one below, asking you for some information:
All you need to care about to get your app to work is the package name. You need to add the package name, you can find yours inside the
config.xml file:
Yours is probably something like
com.ionicframework.trackmyweight7954 or something like that, please, change it, always make it a step on your checklist to replace the package name for something custom to your business.
There are too many people forget this, if you do not believe me, go to Google Play and search for
com.ionicframework
Once you change it, add it to the Android config box in the Firebase console, it will let you go to the next page, where you can download the config file, that is what we came here for, you are going to download the
google-services.json file and place it in your projects root folder, next to files like
config.xml or
package.json
After you copy that file to the project it is time to do the same for iOS, you’re going to add your package name, and Firebase will let you download the file, this file is called
GoogleService-Info.plist. Download it and then place it right where you placed it the other one, in your projects root folder.
Once the files are in the root folder of your project, we can move on and start coding 🙂
Getting the Device Token
We need to get the device token. It is a unique token that identifies the device so that FCM knows whom to send our notifications.
There are a few places where you can get the token, but for this tutorial, we’ll get it on app load.
Open your
app.component.ts file and import the FCM plugin
import { FCM } from '@ionic-native/fcm';
Inject it into the constructor:
constructor( public fcm: FCM ) {}
Next thing is to find the platform ready call inside the constructor and get the token there, inside the platform.ready add:
this.fcm.getToken().then(token => { // Your best bet is to here store the token on the user's profile on the // Firebase database, so that when you want to send notifications to this // specific user you can do it from Cloud Functions. });
We’re using the
.getToken() function of the
FCMPlugin, it will return a promise with the token for that device, then inside of that promise you can pass that token to Firebase so we can make sure it is in the database when the Cloud Function tries to read it to send the notification.
Now that we have the device token, we need to handle the incoming notifications, and the idea is that we place the function in a file that’s always getting called on startup, that way we can call that function when the user enters the app through the notification.
For that, we are going to set it in the
app.component.ts file, we need to do a bit of tooling to this file, so let’s break down the process of that we will do:
- We will receive the notification.
- Then the plugin will check if the notification has a property called tapped and that is equal to true or false.
- If it is
falseit means that the app was in the foreground (meaning the user was inside the app at that moment)
- If it is
trueit means the user tapped the notification from the notification tray and that’s how he opened the app.
- We’re also going to receive a profile ID on the notification, this as an example, let’s say you have a list of bird profiles and the notification has the ID of one of them when you tap the notification we want to go directly to that page.
What was the tricky part? You cannot call
NavController inside the
app.component.ts file and expect it to work.
You have to do a little workaround first, I am embarrassed to say that this is entirely explained in the
NavController docs in the Ionic site, but I did not look there first, so it took me longer than it could have if I had read the freaking docs first.
So, to get it working, you first have to create an instance of your root nav, for that, go into
app.html and find this line of code:
<ion-nav [root]="rootPage"></ion-nav>
It should be easy, and it is the only line of code in the file 😛
Then you’re going to add a reference variable called
#myNav to it:
<ion-nav #myNav [root]="rootPage"></ion-nav>
Now to use it, move back to
app.component.ts and import both
NavController and
ViewChild
import { Component, ViewChild } from '@angular/core'; import { Platform, NavController } from 'ionic-angular'; import { FMC } from '@ionic-native/fcm';
And inside the class, right before the constructor, we need to call the
NavController through
ViewChild, because any components that are navigation controllers are children of the root component, so they are not available to be injected.
@ViewChild('myNav') navCtrl: NavController; rootPage:string;
And now we are going to set the notification listener. The
FCMPlugin has a function called
.onNotification that returns a Promise carrying the notification data.
Since we’re using Ionic Native we can subscribe to that response:
constructor(..., fcm: FCM) { ... ... ... platform.ready().then(() => { fcm.onNotification().subscribe( data => { if(data.wasTapped){ //Notification was received on device tray and tapped by the user. }else{ //Notification was received in foreground. Maybe the user needs to be notified. } }); }); }
We are running it inside
platform.ready() because it is a cordova plugin, we need to make sure the device is ready before calling it, or it will crash. The plugin is listening for notifications, and when it finds one, it returns its data as a promise.
Then we ask if the data has a property called
wasTapped and if that property is
true if it is, the app was in the background and the user tapped the notification to get in.
If it is false, it means the user was using the app, in both cases, we are going to send the user to the
DetailPage.
I am going to do the push in one line, but I want to leave a little challenge for you (don’t worry, it is an easy one).
Check when the user is in the foreground, meaning he is using the app and notify him that you are taking him there before setting the page as root (another idea would be, don’t set it as root, instead use .push())
fcm.onNotification().subscribe(data => { if (data.wasTapped) { //Notification was received on device tray and tapped by the user. console.log(JSON.stringify(data)); this.navCtrl.setRoot('DetailPage', { profileId: data.profileId }); } else { //Notification was received in foreground. Maybe the user needs to be notified. console.log(JSON.stringify(data)); this.navCtrl.push('DetailPage', { profileId: data.profileId }); } });
We are using
setRoot() when the user taps on the notification because we want him to land on that profile’s page and then get out of the app.
We are using
push() for when the user is already in the app because we want to respect what the user is already doing and give him an easy way out.
And there you have it. The notification system is ready to be used, and now we need to start sending notifications, you can test your notifications from a test server created by the plugin creator, it is kind of cool.
Next Steps
If you want to learn more about push notifications, especially on how to set up Firebase Cloud Functions to send those notifications then check out this book.
It covers all the concepts you need to set up Push Notifications, Cloud Functions, and it even goes over role-based authentication for you 🙂
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https://javebratt.com/ionic-push-notification/
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project
When building bindings for DroidText I'm getting errors about classes not implementing Java.Lang.IComparable. I can see the compareTo method in source and it has the correct signature but the bindings aren't picking it up. MonoDroid 4.2.7.
(This is mostly copy of my post to mono-android mailing list.)
First, you were right, Comparable<T> is (actually Comparable<T> and Comarator<T> are) *special* case that *dropped* compareTo() method from the API description XML. It is to be consistent with the existing AOSP's API definition.
That have been special (at least, regarded so) and as a result it becomes *mandatory* to get CompareTo() method.
And altering interface <implements> element by <attr> in Metadata.xml doesn't work for this case, because unlike binding android.jar java.lang.Comparable<T> cannot be looked up (it needs more investigation to know precise situation, but as a general rule generics don't exist in jar).
Hence, some Metadata.xml fixup has to be done manually, like:
<add-node
<method name="compareTo" return="int" abstract="false" native="false" synchronized="false" static="false" final="false" deprecated="not deprecated" visibility="public">
<parameter name="o" type="java.lang.Object" />
</method>
</add-node>
<add-node
<method name="compare" return="int" abstract="false" native="false" synchronized="false" static="false" final="false" deprecated="not deprecated" visibility="public">
<parameter name="o1" type="java.lang.Object" />
<parameter name="o2" type="java.lang.Object" />
</method>
</add-node>
It in general falls to "generics only partially supported" category of binding limitations, but the recipe to deal with is slightly different, which we weren't fully aware. So far please take this as a normative way. Sorry for the missing information.
There are two other issues:
1) You will have to rename "harmony.java.lang" to something different, because it brings conflict between "Java.Lang" and "Harmony.Java.Lang" which has never been expected. This will be fixed in the next release but so far this is a limitation.
2) There are some issues regarding detecting not-supported (and hence missing) base types. In this library, com.lowagie.text.Phrase and com.lowagie.text.Section are derived from java.util.ArrayList, which does not exist in Mono.Android.dll and hence not supported.
There is no remedy for missing base type, so they have to be removed (binding generator automatically does it when it correctly detects missing base type):
<remove-node
<remove-node
(This is a bug and recorded as #8134.)
After fixing those issues, it should be successfully bound.
I was wrong on the 2) issue: the base class java.util.ArrayList is replaced by Android.Runtime.JavaList class and the missing Add method issue could be *fixed*. I'll keep posting updates on bug #8134, not here.
1) should be fixed as well, we prefix global:: to any Java.Lang occurence to not conflict with *.Java.Lang namespace.
This is fixed and will be reflected *after* our next release. Comparable.compareTo(Object) and Comparator.compare(Object,Object) are not special case and our API analyzer won't skip these *necessary* compareTo() methods in the resulting API XML, while it won't generate any extraneous "generics-erased" version of the method overloads anymore. That is, there will be only one compareTo() and compare() whether you specify generic <implements> name or not.
Though with this fix, we will have ask you to apply the workaround at comment #1 ONLY UNTIL this fix lands. With the fixed version, this metadata fixup will result in duplicate methods and will cause error or warning (sorry for inconvenience).
[master 926c7bf]
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represents the most significant change in Ionic Framework’s history and opens up Ionic Framework to a whole new audience. Given that, we’d like to tell a bit of the story about how we got here, why we built it, and who it’s for (jump to the end if you just want to see some code, I won’t be offended 😅).
Why React?
For those that have been following Ionic since the early days, it might be a surprise to hear that we now support more than just Angular, and React of all things!
When we started Ionic Framework, the mission was to empower web developers to build top-quality apps using their existing web development skills, focused on the massive ecosystem around the web platform and web technology.
We envisioned being able to build rich JavaScript-powered controls and distribute them as simple HTML tags any web developer could assemble into an awesome app. Turns out we were a few years too early on that being possible directly in the browser, so, instead, we jumped on the emerging category of frontend frameworks and went all-in on AngularJS and their awesome directive system. Ever since then, we’ve been known primarily as an Angular-focused app framework.
Fast forward to 2019, and the frontend ecosystem looks nothing like it did back in 2013. Developers have access to tons of awesome frontend framework options, and few are as popular and successful as React.
We revisited our original vision and realized that building a version of Ionic Framework for React made perfect sense. Combined with the fact that we had several React fans join the Ionic team over the years (and many super-fan converts, including yours truly!), there was strong desire internally to see Ionic Framework support React as well.
So we embarked on a quest to build a native React version of Ionic Framework that we felt React developers would love to use.
But what about React Native?
You might be wondering why we’d build Ionic React when React already has a great mobile option with React Native.
We asked ourselves that, too. We sure didn’t want to invest a ton of time building something that would be an apples-to-apples comparison with React Native. We’d rather spend our creative energy on technology that solves problems others aren’t solving.
However, when we took a step back, we realized that Ionic React brought something pretty unique to the React ecosystem, and had a very different vision for what the future of app development might look like.
Instead of building an abstraction on top of iOS and Android native UI controls, we wanted to build something that was DOM-native, that would use the standard
react-dom library and all the libraries that supported it out of the box, and the decades of existing work around the browser. When we looked at installs for
react-dom compared to
react-native, it was clear to us that vastly more React development was happening in the browser and on top of the DOM than on top of the native iOS or Android UI systems (16x more, in fact!). That further confirmed our belief that “web devs wanna web dev” and take advantage of their experience and existing library of functionality they’ve built on the DOM.
On top of that, developers are increasingly interested in Progressive Web Apps, especially in the enterprise. PWAs are, at best, an afterthought in the React Native ecosystem (and actually, not officially supported). In contrast, Ionic Framework is one of the leading PWA solutions and has some of the best performance for PWAs in the entire web ecosystem, thanks in part to our work on our Stencil project which we use to generate highly efficient components under the hood.
We also heard from a number of developers that wanted to use Ionic React in their existing React Native apps, by building more screens in their app out of a native WebView frame (using Capacitor, more on that in a bit) to move more quickly or enable traditional web developers to work in tandem with the existing native and React Native dev teams.
Finally, after talking with a lot of fellow React developers at conferences like React Rally, it was clear that there was a gap in the React ecosystem that Ionic could fill, along with a desire for an easier mobile and Progressive Web App development solution than what was currently available in the ecosystem.
This isn’t your father’s Cordova
If your last experience with a web-focused mobile development platform was with Cordova, we understand if you didn’t have a great experience and might be hesitant to come back.
While Ionic still supports Cordova, new Ionic apps run on an all-new cross-platform engine called Capacitor that we built in-house. Capacitor takes modern JS and browser features, and makes it possible to deploy one app across iOS, Android, Electron, and the web as a Progressive Web App.
In fact, Progressive Web App support was a major goal of Capacitor, and many Capacitor APIs have powerful PWA support, such as Camera which has a custom UI experience available for adding native-quality camera features to your PWA.
While it is inspired by Cordova, in practice the development experience is very different. Capacitor is available as a modern JS API you can import directly into your app, with easy-to-use APIs for everything from File management to Geolocation to app-to-app sharing, to Push and Local Notifications. And exposing new Native SDKs to Capacitor is incredibly easy, requiring just a bit of wrapper code with first-class support for Swift on iOS (Java on Android).
From Ionic developers that have made the switch, we hear that the experience is much preferred, and feels quite a bit different from Cordova.
Capacitor is being used today in some pretty huge apps, including some that you will likely use as a consumer of various global fast food establishments. 😅
We’re confident you’ll love the combination of Ionic React and Capacitor.
More than Open Source
Ionic is bringing something different to the React and cross-platform ecosystem: a fully-supported, enterprise-ready offering with services, advisory, tooling, and supported native functionality available to teams that need more than they can get through community-supported options.
Ionic, the company behind Ionic Framework, works with hundreds of medium to large companies and enterprises, providing advanced support and software that they need as they build mission-critical apps for their business. We’ve got lots more information on this on our website.
Additionally, our Appflow service can be used to perform remote app updates in real-time, or build iOS and Android binaries as part of a CI/CD workflow.
If you want to learn more about the company behind Ionic Framework, check out our 2019 Business Update.
Getting Started
Note: The first official version of Ionic React is v4.11.
Enough with the backstory, how do you actually start building with Ionic React?
Getting started with Ionic React is easy. First, if you haven’t already done so, install the latest Ionic CLI:
npm i -g @ionic/cli
Already have a React app? Adding Ionic React is easy.
Then, create a new project:
ionic start my-react-app
The CLI will guide you through the setup process by first asking a couple of questions. The first of which is what framework you would like to use, select React (of course!).
Next, the CLI will ask which starter template you would like to use. We ship a few different starters to help get you up and running quickly. Go ahead and choose tabs for this demo:
The CLI will now create your app and install all the dependencies. Once it is done, go into the directory and launch the app:
ionic serve
Under the covers, the
ionic serve command uses the Create React App (CRA) project to compile your app, start a dev server, and open your app in a new browser window.
Once done, you will see your starter app up and running:
Next, let’s take a tour of what a stock Ionic React app consists of.
Open up the project in your favorite code editor and leave the
ionic serve command running. Any changes we make will automatically be recompiled and refresh the app in the browser.
An Ionic React project is just a React project, with the setup you would normally find from a CRA app. One difference you might notice is that we use TypeScript.
We are big fans of TypeScript at Ionic, and we believe TypeScript in React provides a great, productive experience. However, if you want to use plain JavaScript, rename the files to use a
.js extension and remove any of the type annotations from within the file, and your Ionic React app will now be a JavaScript app!
The
src folder contains all the code for the app. The main entry point is the
App.tsx file. Let’s break down what’s happening in this file.
At the top, we have the typical React and React Router imports, and then a series of imports from
@ionic/react. Each of our Ionic components is exported as its own individual React component. In essence, Ionic React is a wrapper around the web components we have in the Ionic Core project but exported in a way that makes them feel native to a React developer. Any updates and enhancements we make to Ionic Core will automatically be available in Ionic React.
Next, we import a series of core CSS files. After those, there is also a
variables.css file, which you can use to customize the theme of your app. For more info on theming your app, check out our doc on the subject.
Next, we have the main App component. Notice that in the starters, we are using 100% functional components. We are fans of this approach, but if you prefer class-based components, those work great as well.
Each Ionic app starts with the
IonApp component, which is the base container, and helps set up the screen to work great on both mobile and desktop. Next, the
IonReactRouter component is a wrapper around the React Router library’s
BrowserRouter component. To do the native-like page transitions and to maintain the state of the pages as you browse through your app, we augment React Router with some additional functionality. Visit our Navigation & Routing guide for more info on how routing works in Ionic React.
The bulk of our tabs starter is now in the
IonTabs component. The
IonRouterOutlet contains a series of Routes (from React Router) for each of the pages in the tab interface.
Next, the
IonTabBar component contains the bottom tab bar with a button for each of the pages, which forward to the
Tab1,
Tab2, and
Tab3 components in the
src/pages folder. The
Tab1 and
Tab2 pages have good examples on how to use some common Ionic components, but the
Tab3 page is relatively bare. Let’s change that.
We will set up our empty tab to be a page to show a list of employees, with some demo data being pulled from the UIFaces project.
First, let’s update the tab bar in App.tsx to show a new label and icon:
<IonTabButton tab="tab3" href="/tab3"> <IonIcon icon={people} /> <IonLabel>Employees</IonLabel> </IonTabButton>
The
peopleicon is imported from ‘ionicons/icons’
Open up
Tab3.tsx, and replace the contents of the file with:
import { IonAvatar, IonContent, IonHeader, IonItem, IonLabel, IonList, IonPage, IonTitle, IonToolbar, useIonViewWillEnter } from '@ionic/react'; import React, { useState } from 'react'; interface Person { name: string; email: string; position: string; photo: string; } const Tab3Page: React.FC = () => { const [people, setPeople] = useState<Person[]>([]); useIonViewWillEnter(async () => { const result = await fetch(' { headers: { 'x-API-KEY': '873771d7760b846d51d025ac5804ab' } }); const data = await result.json(); setPeople(data); }); return ( <IonPage> <IonHeader> <IonToolbar> <IonTitle>Employees</IonTitle> </IonToolbar> </IonHeader> <IonContent> <IonList> {people.map((person, idx) => <EmployeeItem key={idx} person={person} />)} </IonList> </IonContent> </IonPage> ); }; const EmployeeItem: React.FC<{ person: Person }> = ({ person }) => { return ( <IonItem > <IonAvatar slot="start"> <img src={person.photo} /> </IonAvatar> <IonLabel> <h2>{person.name}</h2> <p>{person.position}</p> </IonLabel> </IonItem> ); } export default Tab3Page;
First, we define a TypeScript interface for a Person, which will give us some type safety and code completion when using the employees a bit later on.
At the top, we import a couple of React hooks to use, the first is
useState, which allows us to use state in our functional components, and the second is
useIonViewWillEnter, which is a lifecycle method provided by Ionic that will fire each time the view comes into view. Find out more about Ionic lifecycle methods here.
We provide a function to the
useIonViewWillEnter hook that will fire that will call into the UIFaces API (using the fetch API) and return a list of twenty-five people. When the fetch request finishes, we call
setPeople to update the people state variable.
In the JSX, we have an ‘IonList’ component, which contains an
EmployeeItem for each of the people. We separate out the EmployeeItem into its own component (defined a bit farther down).
With the updates to Tab3, we can now get a list of employees:
That is the basics on getting up and running with an Ionic React app! For a more in-depth tutorial, check out our getting started guide.
When you’re ready to build for native mobile (iOS and Android), check out Capacitor, our native app runtime.
Thanks
We’re thrilled about Ionic React, and can’t wait to see what you build with it. We’ve got a lot planned for Ionic React, so let us know in the comments below what type of content you’d like to see us cover. You can also reach out on Twitter by following us @ionicframework!
Until next time.
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Elegance and Efficiency
Contents
Elegant code is often efficient. Think of the heap data structure, for example, which always remains exactly as sorted as it needs to be, making it perfect for modelling priority queues. It’s both elegant and efficient — and dazzlingly so.
This article discusses the relationship between elegance and efficiency in more depth, and asks the question: Can inefficient code ever be elegant?
What is Elegant Code?
First, we should consider what’s meant by “elegant code”.
Anthony Williams discusses this very subject in a recent blog post (which is what got me thinking about it in the first place). Up front he admits the search for elegance is subjective and that the factors he lists are all “my opinion”. He also points out his list is not exhaustive. Nonetheless, it’s a good starting point, and I’d like to build on it. Let’s start by summarising his list here.
Factors affecting the elegance of software
- Does it work?
- Is it easy to understand?
- Is it efficient?
- Short functions
- Good naming
- Clear division of responsibility
- High cohesion
- Low coupling
- Appropriate use of OO and other techniques
- Minimal code
Appearance
I’m not sure this list completely nails elegance. For a start, there’s no mention of appearance — the way the code actually looks, on screen, or in print — which in my opinion is fundamental. Elegant code looks clean, balanced, self-consistent.
That’s one of the reasons I like Python: it’s hard to get away with poorly laid out code. Scheme, with its minimal syntax, also wins here. Java stands a good chance of doing well on this front too, thanks to a clearly stated set of coding conventions and excellent IDE support for applying these conventions.
Use of standard libraries
I’d also say that appropriate and even cunning use of the language’s standard libraries can add to code’s elegance. Williams hints at this with his mention of Minimal Code, though minimalism covers many other things.
As an example, if you’re using C++, you should take the time to become familiar with the standard library, and use it whenever possible. It works. It’s efficient. In fact it embodies pretty much everything Williams lists, with a few notable exceptions (no one could describe
std::string as minimal, and
std::auto_ptr is notoriously slippery). Use the standard library and you’ll save yourself code and time, and your own code will be the more elegant for it.
Planar vectors in Scheme
Let’s return to Scheme to illustrate my point about cunning use of standard libraries and consider exercise 2.46 from the Wizard Book..
An obvious solution would be to model the 2-D vector as a pair.
(define make-vect cons) (define xcor-vect car) (define ycor-vect cdr) (define (add-vect v w) (make-vect (+ (xcor-vect v) (xcor-vect w)) (+ (ycor-vect v) (ycor-vect w)))) (define (sub-vect v w) (make-vect (- (xcor-vect v) (xcor-vect w)) (- (ycor-vect v) (ycor-vect w)))) (define (scale-vect s v) (make-vect (* s (xcor-vect v)) (* s (ycor-vect v))))
An elegant alternative builds on Scheme’s support for complex numbers.
;; represent 2-D vect using a complex number (define make-vect make-rectangular) (define xcor-vect real-part) (define ycor-vect imag-part) (define add-vect +) (define sub-vect -) (define scale-vect *) ;; some other vector operations come for free (define magnitude-vect magnitude) (define make-vect-from-polar-coords make-polar) (define angle-vect angle)
Minimalism and Simplicity
Elegance and beauty are not the same, though perhaps elegant forms a subset of beautiful. Elegance carries the additional connotation of simplicity, which itself correlates with minimalism. If I were forced to select the single item from Williams’ list most closely aligned to elegance, I’d go for minimalism: allowed my own choice, it would be simplicity.
Williams notes a couple of ways you can remove to improve:
- avoid unnecessary layering
- eliminate duplication
We’ve already added:
- use standard libraries
Kevlin Henney gives minimalism more careful attention in a series of articles. Omit Needless Code promotes:
Code that is simple and clear, brief and direct.
Henney illustrates his points with some elegant examples which reinforce my own claims about the C++ standard library.
Efficiency and Elegance?
Efficiency comes high on Williams’ list, right after correctness, which shouldn’t be a surprise to anyone who writes code for a living. Surely code which doesn’t run fast enough is about as useful as code which doesn’t work? You could even note that efficiency is yet another aspect of minimalism: in this case, it’s the machine’s resource consumption you’d like to reduce.
I’m not convinced, though. It’s true, many of the most elegant algorithms happen to be efficient too — and may even have arisen from the quest for efficiency. Thus the standard quicksort algorithm has virtually no space overhead, and as a general purpose sorting algorithm, really can’t be beaten. Similarly the heap, as already mentioned, is a lean clean implementation of a priority queue. But I don’t think elegance implies efficiency. I’d even suggest that something could be elegant but of no practical use, at least not on today’s hardware.
The downside of efficiency is that it can be at odds with simplicity and minimalism. Consider the sad fate of
boost::lexical_cast, a general purpose conversion function. If I go back to early Boost releases I find code which reads like this.
template<typename Target, typename Source> Target lexical_cast(Source arg) { # ifndef BOOST_NO_STRINGSTREAM std::stringstream interpreter; # else std::strstream interpreter; // for out-of-the-box g++ 2.95.2 # endif Target result; if(!(interpreter << arg) || !(interpreter >> result) || !(interpreter >> std::ws).eof()) throw bad_lexical_cast(); return result; }
For brevity I’ve omitted file headers, include guards and the unexceptional definition of
boost::bad_lexical_cast. Even with these present, the file runs to just 68 lines long, and provides an elegant example of what generic C++ code can do. The body of
lexical_cast itself is a readable one-liner, tainted only by a preprocessor workaround for non-compliant compilers.
Wind forwards to 2007, and this small stain has spread across the entire library, which, after tuning for correctness, portability and efficiency now weighs in at well over 1K lines of code. Here’s a flavour of the latest greatest
lexical_cast, which is far too long to include in its entirety.
namespace detail // lcast_put_unsigned { // I'd personally put lcast_put_unsigned in .cpp file if not // boost practice for header-only libraries (Alexander Nasonov). template<typename T, typename CharT> CharT* lcast_put_unsigned(T n, CharT* finish) { CharT thousands_sep = 0; #ifdef BOOST_LEXICAL_CAST_ASSUME_C_LOCALE char const* grouping = ""; std::size_t const grouping_size = 0; #else std::locale loc; typedef std::numpunct<CharT> numpunct; numpunct const& np = BOOST_USE_FACET(numpunct, loc); std::string const& grouping = np.grouping(); std::string::size_type const grouping_size = grouping.size(); if(grouping_size) thousands_sep = np.thousands_sep(); #endif std::string::size_type group = 0; // current group number char last_grp_size = grouping[0] <= 0 ? CHAR_MAX : grouping[0]; // a) Since grouping is const, grouping[grouping.size()] returns 0. // b) It's safe to assume here and below that CHAR_MAX // is equivalent to unlimited grouping: #ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS_COMPILE_TIME_CONSTANTS BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<T>::digits10 < CHAR_MAX); #endif char left = last_grp_size; do { if(left == 0) { ++group; if(group < grouping_size) { char const grp_size = grouping[group]; last_grp_size = grp_size <= 0 ? CHAR_MAX : grp_size; } left = last_grp_size; --finish; *finish = thousands_sep; } --left; --finish; int const digit = static_cast<int>(n % 10); int const cdigit = digit + lcast_char_constants<CharT>::zero; *finish = static_cast<char>(cdigit); n /= 10; } while(n); return finish; } }
I’m not saying that the changes to
boost::lexical_cast are bad: after all, users of the library get software which does the right thing more often and more quickly — all without any client-side changes. That’s one of the benefits of using a layered software stack. Rather, I present this as an example of the tension between efficiency and elegance. Somewhere along the line, an elegant piece of code got buried.
It’s also interesting that, in this case, even “does-it-work” counteracts elegance. We noted that
boost::lexical_cast@v1.22 became tainted in its eagerness to work with legacy compilers. The current version makes far greater concessions. It’s a reminder — as if any were needed — that we programmers have to keep our feet on the ground and aim for pragmatic solutions. Perfection is rarely possible, elegance occasional.
Elegance and Inefficiency?
We’ve demonstrated the tension between elegance and efficiency, but could blatantly inefficient code ever claim to be elegant? The original elegant implementation of
lexical_cast may not have been optimally tuned for all possible inputs (it’s meant to be generic code, after all), but it could hardly be described as inefficient.
We’re going to develop some code which I’ll claim is elegant despite being inefficient. To get us started, let’s consider another problem we can skin in more than one way: how do we determine if a book forms a lipogram? (A lipogram is a piece of text written avoiding the use of a particular character, the letter E for example, and full length books really have been written — and even translated — which adhere to this constraint.)
We’ll pose the problem in C++. Here’s the function prototype.
#include <string> #include <vector> typedef std::string word; typedef std::vector<word> book; // Return true if the input text avoids using any characters // in 'avoid', false otherwise. // Example call: // bool const lipo = is_lipogram(text, "Ee"); bool is_lipogram(book const & text, word const & avoid);
What we have here might be seen as a loop within a loop within a loop: for each word in the book, for each character in that word, check against each character in the string of characters to be avoided. A match against an avoided character means we know our book isn’t a lipogram, and we can return false; but if we reach the end of our book without such a match, we can return true.
is_lipogram1
We can code this up:
typedef word::const_iterator word_iter; typedef book::const_iterator book_iter; bool is_lipogram; }
This painstaking chunk of code reads like a direct transcription of the way an unfortunate human proof-reader might approach the task, one finger tracking through the text, word by word, character by character, another finger repeatedly working through the characters to be avoided. It fails the elegance test on a number of counts:
- Not minimal. The edge cases do not merit special treatment. Normal processing of the (nested) main loop handles empty inputs just fine.
- Failure to use the standard library. The
std::stringclass is big enough to support searches for characters in a string directly, allowing us to remove a couple of layers of nesting.
- Clumsy. The function has four separate exit points.
Perhaps none of these charges seem too bad in such a small function, but small functions have a tendency to grow into larger ones, and flaws, in particular, scale rapidly.
is_lipogram2 & 3
Here’s a standard-library-aware improvement.
bool is_lipogram(book const & text, word const & avoid) { for (book_iter w = text.begin(); w != text.end(); ++w) { if (w->find_first_of(avoid) != std::string::npos) { return false; } } return true; }
Many programmers would leave it at that, but I still prefer to re-cast this particular variant as follows:
bool is_lipogram(book const & text, word const & avoid) { book_iter w = text.begin(); while (w != text.end() && w->find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos) { ++w; } return w == text.end(); }
Rather than exit as soon as we detect a character in the
avoid string, we keep reading as long as there’s text to read and we’ve avoided such characters. There’s not much in it, especially in such a small function, but my preference is to simplify the control flow.
is_lipogram4
We can remove the explicit iteration from our code by using the
std::find_if algorithm, which accepts a predicate. In this case we want to find the first word which isn’t itself a lipogram. Combining the
std::not1 function adaptor with a hand-written class deriving from
std::unary_function<std::string const, bool> does the job.
This code demonstrates proper use of the STL predicates and adaptors, but it also reaches the limits of my personal comfort zone for using C++ in a functional programming style. The price paid for avoiding explicit iteration is just too high; clever though this code may be, I don’t find it elegant.
When I first coded up
lipogram_word_tester, it derived from
std::unary_function<word const &, bool>. This turns out to be wrong, or at least, it failed to compile with a typically cryptic diagnostic, and I’m still not sure why!
// Simple functor for use in lipogram algorithms class lipogram_word_tester: public std::unary_function<word(book const & text, word const & avoid) { lipogram_word_tester const word_test(avoid); return find_if(text.begin(), text.end(), not1(word_test)) == text.end(); }
is_lipogram5
I would expect all four functions presented so far to be similarly efficient in terms of memory, stack, CPU cycles.
A recursive solution may require more stack: it depends on the compiler. We’ve now got two functions, and although each comprises just a single expression, the expression forming the body of the recursive helper function,
is_lipo(), is tricky. I wouldn’t recommend this implementation.
bool is_lipo(book_iter wb, book_iter we, word const & avoid) { return wb == we || wb->find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos && is_lipo(++wb, we, avoid); } bool is_lipogram(book const & text, word const & avoid) { return is_lipo(text.begin(), text.end(), avoid); }
is_lipogram6
Our final alternative is a clear winner on the three fronts which led us to reject our original implementation: it’s brief, it leans heavily on the standard library, it has just a single exit point — in fact, is just a single expression.
bool is_lipogram(book const & text, word const & avoid) { return accumulate(text.begin(), text.end(), std::string() ).find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos; }
Does it qualify as elegant? I’d say so, yes. Sadly, though, its inefficiency rules it out as a heavy-duty lipogram checker. The
std::string class is not designed for repeated addition — which is what
std::accumulate does.
Winding Up
Actually none of the C++ lipogram checkers are much use, except in the case when we’re certain our book is written in 7-bit ASCII. A lipogram which avoids the letter E should also avoid its various accented forms: é, è, ê, ë, É, È, Ê, Ë, …
A heavy-duty lipogram checker needs to work in Unicode and, for C++ at least, will have to establish some ground rules for input encoding schemes. The current C++ standard (C++98) has little to say about Unicode. We’d be better off using a more Unicode aware language, such as Java.
Python allows us to create a character stream which accumulates all the characters in all the words, but yields them lazily. The function below uses
itertools.chain to flatten the input words (which themselves may be a stream or an in-memory collection) into a character stream. The built-in
all function reads exactly as far into this stream as it needs to. In other words, we’ve got a Python counterpart to our final C++ algorithm which is both efficient (efficient for Python that is!) and equally happy with Unicode and ASCII.
import iterools def is_lipogram(words, avoid): return all(ch not in avoid for ch in itertools.chain(*words))
C++ Source Code
#include <cassert> #include <functional> #include <iostream> #include <numeric> #include <set> #include <string> #include <vector> namespace { typedef std::string word; typedef word::const_iterator word_iter; typedef std::vector<word> book; typedef book::const_iterator book_iter; typedef bool (* lipo_fn)(book const &, word const &); // Return true if the input text avoids using any characters // in 'avoid', false otherwise. bool is_lipogram1; } bool is_lipogram2(book const & text, word const & avoid) { for (book_iter w = text.begin(); w != text.end(); ++w) { if (w->find_first_of(avoid) != std::string::npos) { return false; } } return true; } bool is_lipogram3(book const & text, word const & avoid) { book_iter w = text.begin(); while (w != text.end() && w->find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos) { ++w; } return w == text.end(); } // Simple functor for use in lipogram algorithms class lipogram_word_tester: public std::unary_function<std::string4(book const & text, word const & avoid) { lipogram_word_tester const word_test(avoid); return find_if(text.begin(), text.end(), not1(word_test)) == text.end(); } bool is_lipo5(book_iter wb, book_iter we, word const & avoid) { return wb == we || wb->find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos && is_lipo5(++wb, we, avoid); } bool is_lipogram5(book const & text, word const & avoid) { return is_lipo5(text.begin(), text.end(), avoid); } bool is_lipogram6(book const & text, word const & avoid) { return accumulate(text.begin(), text.end(), std::string() ).find_first_of(avoid) == std::string::npos; } void read_book(book & text, std::istream & input) { typedef std::istream_iterator<word> in; std::copy(in(input), in(), back_inserter(text)); } // Function-like class used for lipo_fn evaluation. class lipo_functor { public: // Construct an instance of this class, caching lipo_fn parameters. lipo_functor(book const & text, word const & avoid) : text(text) , avoid(avoid) { } // Return the result of applying is_lipo to the cached parameters. bool operator()(lipo_fn is_lipo) { return is_lipo(text, avoid); } private: book const & text; word const & avoid; }; void check_if_lipogram(std::ostream & report, book const & text, word const & avoid) { typedef std::set<bool> answers; lipo_fn const lipo_fns[] = { is_lipogram1, is_lipogram2, is_lipogram3, is_lipogram4, is_lipogram5, is_lipogram6, }; lipo_functor lipo_func(text, avoid); answers results; lipo_fn const * const end = lipo_fns + sizeof lipo_fns / sizeof *lipo_fns; transform(lipo_fns, end, inserter(results, results.end()), lipo_func); assert(results.size() == 1); report << "Is " << (*results.begin() ? "" : "not ") << "a lipogram" << '\n'; } } // end anonymous namespace int main() { book text; word const avoid = "Ee"; read_book(text, std::cin); check_if_lipogram(std::cout, text, avoid); return 0; }
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So in my program i have a Game class that contains the game loop and such, a Map class for map objects, and a Player class to create the player object. The player is created in the Game class and I am able to use the player methods just fine in that class. However, in my Map class, I am wanting to use the player.getLocation() method, but it gives me the error that player cannot be resolved. Do I need to create my player object in a different place or somehow make the player object public or something. Thanks for the help!
#1 Members - Reputation: 146
Posted 03 July 2014 - 11:10 AM
#2 Members - Reputation: 1588
Posted 03 July 2014 - 11:35 AM
Usually you should make the Map class hold an attribute of Player type and pass the Player instance in the constructor of Map.
EDIT: by the way, why do you need to call Player inside Map? I sense a bit of code smell...
Edited by Avalander, 03 July 2014 - 11:37 AM.
#3 Members - Reputation: 146
Posted 03 July 2014 - 12:39 PM
Thanks for the reply, although the language is a bit advanced for me. As to why the player is called in the map class is because some of the map methods are going to depend on the location of the player (which map the player is in). So i need to call the player.getLocation() method inside the map class. Forgive me if this is a silly way to do this I am very new to programming in general.
#4 Crossbones+ - Reputation: 2750
Posted 03 July 2014 - 12:44 PM
Avalander summed up what I was going to say, so I will expand on his reply quick. You don't state what language you are using, which compiler you are using, or which error code you are receiving, however, it sounds like you don't have an implementation for your routine "getLocation;" or the linker can't find it. (Under C/C++ and a Microsoft compiler) you generally get a 'can't be resolved' error when you don't have an implementation for the routine, or are not exporting the symbols in the case of a library.
EDIT: I just noticed the "Java" tag.
Edited by ByteTroll, 03 July 2014 - 12:49 PM.
_7<<
#5 Members - Reputation: 1588
Posted 03 July 2014 - 01:18 PM
Ok, I'll try to explain. First of all, if you are going to program in Java, you'll need a good understanding of the anatomy of a class. Also, you should understand whan an object is. But don't worry if you find those hard to understand in the beginning, you need to learn to think in a whole new way to program, and that requires time.
I suppose somewhere you call something like
Player player = new Player();
Here you are invoking the constructor of Player and creating a new instance of the class Player, which is stored in the variable player.
Then, somewhere else you probably call
Map map = new Map();
Which invokes the constructor of Map and creates a new instance of the class Map, which is stored in the variable map. If you want to access the player instance from inside your map instance, you need to store a reference to the player instance inside your map instance. How can you do that? Pretty easy, just create a field into the Map class with the type Player, then, make the constructor of Map require an argument with the type Player and store it in its field of Player type.
Because that will be a lot more comprehensive in code than explained, here you are the code for what I'm saying:
public class Map { // This is the field of type Player. Each instance of the Map class will hold // an instance of type Player. private Player player; // This is the constructor. Now, it requires an argument of Player type and assigns // it to its "player" field. public Map(Player player) { this.player = player; } // This is some method public void myMethod() { player.doDirtyThings(); // Now you can do dirty things to "player" ;) } }
EDIT:
Oh, I forgot, now, of course, when you create the instance of Map you need to pass an instance of the type Player to the constructor:
Player player = new Player(); Map map = new Map(player);
EDIT 2:
I strongly suggest you to follow some basics tutorial in Java, if you are not already doing it. Having some basis will help you a lot.
Edited by Avalander, 03 July 2014 - 01:25 PM.
#6 Crossbones+ - Reputation: 4153
Posted 03 July 2014 - 02:56.
---(Old Blog, still has good info): 2dGameMaking
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"No one ever posts on that message board; it's too crowded." - Yoga Berra (sorta)
#7 Members - Reputation: 146
Posted 03 July 2014 - 03:30 PM
Ok thanks everyone for replying to me. I got some good information and I'll be going back to try to rethink things. Hopefully I can put together some type of solution. If not, I'm sure I'll be back.
#8 Moderators - Reputation: 10546
Posted 03 July 2014 - 04:01 PM
#9 Members - Reputation: 146
Posted 03 July 2014 - 06:39 PM
I will try. I'm programming in Java. I am currently using eclipse to program and compile in. I am wanting to create a console type game that resembles pokemon. I know it is probably a difficult goal for me but I want to challenge myself. So the concept is that the player will start in one map and will have a list of actions to do on each map, such as walk this way, get map information, etc. This is really what I am focussing on right now. I really haven't put much thought into how battles and leveling and such is going to work yet. I am just trying to do one thing at a time. So far I have four classes : Game, Map, Player, Setup. The game class is where the program starts and contains the game loop which is a gamestate while loop. The map class will contain information such as the map name, map type, which creatures are in the map, how big it is, etc. The map class also has a method to give information when the player wants to know the information. The player class contains the location of the player, player name, etc. It has a method where the game loop will ask for an action to be typed in and will do whatever has been entered. The setup class is just there to hold all of the map construction and such. If it is easier to upload my eclipse project I can in a new topic. I'm really new to programming and I know I am probably doing 90% of stuff in a terrible way, but I am just trying to learn some of the concepts for game design. Thanks so much.
#10 Crossbones+ - Reputation: 18191
Posted 03 July 2014 - 07:28.
Big +1 to that.
Unless you need something else than the getLocation from the Player, there's hardly any reason to stash a reference to your Player as you construct your map!
-=-: 146
Posted 03 July 2014 - 08:28 PM
Ok so for those of you that want to see very messed up code, I am putting my four classes on here. Any and all tips are welcome!
Here is my game class:
package Game; import java.util.Scanner; public class Game { public static void main(String[] args){ boolean running = true; String gamestate = "menu"; Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); Player player = new Player(); while (running == true){ switch(gamestate){ case "menu" : System.out.println("Menu--------------------------------"); System.out.println("1) Play"); System.out.println("2) Info"); System.out.println("3) Exit"); String menuoption = scanner.next(); switch(menuoption){ case "1" : gamestate = "introduction"; break; case "2" : gamestate = "info"; break; case "3" : running = false; break; }//end of menuoption switch break;//end of menu case "info" : System.out.println("Developed by Brock Grinstead"); System.out.println("Version: 0.0.3"); System.out.println("Enter anything to return to the menu"); scanner.next(); gamestate = "menu"; break;//end of info case "introduction" : Setup gamesetup = new Setup(); gamesetup.setupMap(); String playername; String player_action; System.out.println("Entering the world of consolemon..."); System.out.println("What is your name?"); playername = scanner.next(); player.setName(playername); System.out.println("Hello " + player.getName()); System.out.println("Welcome to the world of consolemon!!"); System.out.println("This is a very different world from the one that you know."); System.out.println("You will have to learn how to coexist with many different consolemon and trainers."); System.out.println("A great adventure awaits you, Goodluck!!"); player.setLocation("Sloan Town"); gamestate = "worldmap"; break;//end of introduction case "worldmap" : System.out.println("What would you like to do?"); player_action = scanner.next(); player.Playeraction(player_action); break;// end of world map } }// end of game loop scanner.close(); }// end of program }
Here is my map class
package Game; public class Map { private String mapname; private String maptype; public void setMapname(String nameofmap){ mapname = nameofmap; } public String getMapname(){ return mapname; } public void setMaptype(String typeofmap){ maptype = typeofmap; } public String getMaptype(){ return maptype; } static void Mapdescription(String currentmap){ switch(currentmap){ case "Sloan Town" : System.out.println("Sloan Town is the town that you first find yourself in the world of consolemon."); break;//End of Sloan Town }//End of map description switch }//End of map description method }
Here is my player class
package Game; public class Player { private String name; private String location; public void setName(String enteredname){ name = enteredname; } public String getName(){ return name; } public void setLocation(String playerlocation){ location = playerlocation; } public String getLocation(){ return location; } void Playeraction(String paction){ switch(paction){ case "Map Info": Map.Mapdescription(location); break;//end of map info }//end of player action switch }// end of player action method }// end of Player class
and here is my setup class
package Game; public class Setup { void setupMap(){ Map map1 = new Map(); map1.setMapname("Sloan Town"); map1.setMaptype("town"); } }
I apologize for any head aches.
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http://www.gamedev.net/topic/658384-how-to-make-an-object-usable-in-multiple-classes/
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XML::Compare - Test if two XML documents semantically the same"; }
This module allows you to test if two XML documents are semantically the same. This also holds true if different prefixes are being used for the xmlns, or if there is a default xmlns in place.
This modules ignores XML Comments.
Returns true if the two xml strings are semantically the same.
If they are not the same, it throws an exception with a description in $@ as to why they aren't.
Returns true if the two xml strings are semantically the same.
Returns false otherwise. No diagnostic information is available.
Returns true if the two xml strings are semantically different. No diagnostic information is available.
Returns false otherwise.
(Bool) If this property is set, then all the namespaces of both documents must match exactly. The default, unset, raises an error only if the first document,
$xml1, has a namespace defined and this is different from
$xml2's (or
$xml2 has no namespace).
After the 'is_same' method is used, this will contain either the error string from the last comparison error, or
undef.
An array ref of XPath expressions to 'strip' from the documents before comparing. This is implemented by evaluating each XPath expression at the beginning, then removing those nodes from any lists later found.
A hashref of prefix => XMLNS, if you used namespaces on any of the 'ignore' XPath entries.
Nothing.
Andrew Chilton, <andychilton@gmail.com>, .
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A forum for the Jupyter Widgets ecosystem
npm run build(see)
setup.py(the one generated from the cookiecutter)
Thanks.
Wow, it's pretty complicated trying to get my head around all of these different technologies all used together, python, javascript, node.js, npm, css, html, traitlets, ...
What I'm still not really clear about is how the server side processes work. So, node.js is one process, this handles all the client browser / server interaction. Does this then spin up a python process for jupyter kernel, and does this spin up another python process for the user notebook code?
So, for a single running notebook, how many python processes are there? Is it like this, where (...) are processes and [...] are communication? :
(client web browser)
<-> [web sockets]
<-> (node.js javascript process)
<-> [zmq]
<-> (kernel python process)
<-> [zmq]
<-> (user python notebook code)
ipyleafletin a dev environment (Python 3.8.10, JupyterLab 3.0.16), with no luck. After
pip install -e .(from the current master branch),
jupyter labextension develop ipyleafletfails with
ValueError: /home/maxime/miniconda3/envs/jlab-ipyleaflet/share/jupyter/labextensions/jupyter-leaflet exists and is not a symlink. So I've tried to run
jupyter labextension develop --overwrite .since it's recommended elsewhere (by ipympl for instance), this indicated that
jupyter_packaginghad to be installed, which I did, but trying again raised another error:
pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement: Parse error at "'entered'": Expected stringEnd. Am I doing something wrong?
pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement: Parse error at "'entered'": Expected stringEnd
jupyter labextension develop --overwrite .that shows it?
jupyter labextension develop --overwrite . setup.py:43: DeprecatedWarning: create_cmdclass is deprecated as of 0.8 and will be removed in 1.0. " Use `wrap_installers` to handle prebuild steps in cmdclass. Use `get_data_files` to handle data files. Use `include_package_data=True` and `MANIFEST.in` for package data. cmdclass = create_cmdclass('jsdeps', data_files_spec=data_files_spec) setup.py:45: DeprecatedWarning: install_npm is deprecated as of 0.8 and will be removed in 1.0. Use `npm_builder` and `wrap_installers` install_npm(js_dir, npm=["yarn"], build_cmd='build:extensions'), ensure_targets(jstargets), An error occured. pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement: Parse error at "'entered'": Expected stringEnd
jupyter labextension developscript will run
setup.pyand extract the name of the package from it, but because the ipyleaflet setup.py logs some stuffs (),
jupyter labextension developwill try to setup a dev install of the
"setup.py entered"package (that's not a package ahah)
npm run buildor
yarn run build. It happens that the "build" script just run
webpack(not sure about the correct terminology here), which only builds the nbextension (not lab).
yarn run "build:extensions"builds both extensions. I'd like to watch changes automatically, is
jupyter labextension watch .the recommended way?
yarn run buildwould be prefered now
It happens that the "build" script just run webpack (not sure about the correct terminology here), which only builds the nbextension (not lab). yarn run "build:extensions"
Indeed. The build script should run
jupyter labextension build . too IMO
I'd like to watch changes automatically, is jupyter labextension watch . the recommended way?
Yes! Same, I think we should add this command to the
watch script
Hi, can you help me understanding what I am doing wronmg here:
import ipywidgets as widgets from IPython.display import display class print_button(object): def __init__(self, m=None, index=None): self.button = widgets.Button(description="Click Me!") self.index = index def on_button_clicked(self): return self.index def get_button(self): self.button.on_click(self.on_button_clicked()) return HBox([self.button])
When I call it, the
print_button(index=1).get_button() the callback returns:
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable
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https://gitter.im/jupyter-widgets/Lobby
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20 April 2012 10:39 [Source: ICIS news]
LONDON (ICIS)--Industrial gas companies Air Liquide and Linde are expected to see continued revenue growth in 2012 due to price improvements and growth in emerging markets, global analyst Bernstein Research said on Friday.
Bernstein said that it is confident that France-based Air Liquide and Germany’s Linde will see further margin stability through price improvements in the US and Europe, and through continued cost cutting.
“We remain positive on pricing, as we have seen continued improvement in European industrial gases prices in February,” said the analyst.
“These price increases were sufficient to offset cost inflation of +3% year on year in terms of price.
“Meanwhile, prices in the ?xml:namespace>
Bernstein said it expects revenue growth for both Linde and Air Liquide to also come from continued project start-ups, takeovers and growth in emerging markets.
Bernstein rates Air Liquide “outperform” with a target share price of €120 ($158). The analyst rates Linde “market-perform” with a target share price of €135.
At 09:11 GMT, Air Liquide’s shares were trading at €97.04 on the London Stock Exchange, while Linde’s shares were trading at €129.45.
On Thursday, the European Commission announced that it had approved Linde’s proposed acquisition of US-based Air Products homecare business, which includes operations
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http://www.icis.com/Articles/2012/04/20/9552117/air-liquide-and-linde-to-see-2012-growth-on-improved-prices-analyst.html
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Validation of email addresses in python is a very crucial task to maintain a valid email list. By verifying the email addresses, enhances your delivery rate and protects your sender’s reputation. So in this tutorial of the python program to check the email address is valid or not, you will learn the complete process of validation in various ways. Let’s dive into this for a better understanding of the topic.
This Tutorial covers how to validate an email address in Python:
- Validate email address in Python
- Check if email address valid or not in Python
- Python Program for Bulk Email Address Validation with CSV file
Validate email address in Python
In python, validating the email address is very simple with python’s isValidEmail() function. Here, this function checks whether an email entered by the user is in a valid email format (a string of a certain length containing characters followed by an @ symbol followed by characters followed by a “.” followed by more characters) not as the entered email is real or fake.
The below validating email address code in python is actually pretty simple and is very similar to the way you’d do this special task using any other OOP language. Have a look at the following python snippet to see for yourself:
import re def isValidEmail(email): if len(email) > 7: if re.match("^.+@([?)[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+.([a-zA-Z]{2,3}|[0-9]{1,3})(]?)$", email) != None: return True return False if isValidEmail("my.email@gmail.com") == True : print "This is a valid email address" else: print "This is not a valid email address"
- Python Programming – Special String Operators
- How to Use Python to Convert Miles to Kilometers | Python Program to Convert Miles to KM Unit Measurement
- Python Code Snippets: Solving the Quadratic Equation | Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation
This program can be used in any Python project to check whether or not an email is in the proper format. It will need to be modified to be used as a form validator, but you can definitely use it as a jumping-off point if you’re looking to validate email addresses for any form submissions.
Also Check: Using Python to Find The Largest Number Out Of Three
Check if email address valid or not in Python
An email is a string (a subset of ASCII characters) divided into two parts by @ symbol, a “personal_info” and a domain, for instance: personal_info@domain.
In the following code, we are utilizing the re module along with the search() method. Hence, you can find the valid email address using python:
# Python program to validate an Email # import re module # re module provides support # for regular expressions import re # Make a regular expression # for validating an Email regex = r'\b[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}\b' # Define a function for # for validating an Email def check(email): # pass the regular expression # and the string in search() method if(re.match(regex, email)): print("Valid Email") else: print("Invalid Email") # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__': # Enter the email email = "ankitrai326@gmail.com" # calling run function check(email) email = "my.ownsite@our-earth.org" check(email) email = "ankitrai326.com" check(email)
Output:
Valid Email Valid Email Invalid Email
Python Program for Bulk Email Address Validation with CSV file
Based on your use case you may prefer to utilize bulk csv file validation and read the CSV file with Python. One of the best ways to validate the big list of emails rather than an ongoing process. Initially, you have to upload your CSV file to Real Email, when it is validated you can read the result file with python which is shown below:
import csv with open('emails-validated.csv') as csvfile: reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile) for row in reader: print(row) # {'email': 'foo@bar.com', 'status': 'valid'}
import requests api_key = "" // todo put your api key here email_address = "foo@bar.com" response = requests.get( "", params = {'email': email_address}, headers = {'Authorization': "Bearer " + api_key }) status = response.json()['status'] if status == "valid": print("email is valid") elif status == "invalid": print("email is invalid") else: print("email was unknown")
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this is filling in the input fields after it where i have the passwords at.
Code://This program written by Dan Kemper //This is a bank program //Includes Header Files #include <conio.h> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> #include <windows.h> #include <cctype> //Required for cout using namespace std; int main () { //Declares variables char FirstName[20]; //first name char LastName[30]; //last name char Password; // password to get into registered users info char PW; //gets password from dat file to compare char User; //if person is registered or new char Print; //prints to textfile when told to float Balance; //balance when opening account float Deposits; //deposits float Withdrawls; //withdrawls float NewBalance; //balance after withdrawls and deposits are done. number thats saved into textfile for next time opened as 'balance' /This is a bank program.\n"; cout<<"\nPress [ENTER] to continue...\n"; cin.get(); system("cls"); cout << "Are you a registered user (A), or would you like to make an account (B)? "; cin.get(User); User = toupper(User); //Makes uppercase automatically system("cls"); if (User=='a' || User=='A') { ifstream infile; //declares file pointer named infile infile.open("passwords.dat",ios::in); //opens dat file which has password in it infile.get(PW); //gets password from file cout << "First Name: "; cin >> FirstName; cout << "\nLast Name: "; cin >> LastName; cout << "\nPassword: "; cin.get(Password); cout << PW; getch(); system("cls"); if (Password==PW) { cout << "Balance: " << Balance; cout << "\n\nDeposits: "; cin >> Deposits; cout << "\n\nWithdrawls: "; cin >> Withdrawls; cout << "\n\nNew Balance: " << NewBalance; cout << "\n\n" << FirstName << " " << LastName << ", is all the above information correct (Y/N)? "; cin >> Print; } if (Password!=PW) { cout << "\n\nThat was the incorrect password!\a\a\a"; getch(); return 0; } infile.close(); } if (User=='b' || User=='B') { cout << "First Name: "; cin >> FirstName; cout << "\nLast Name: "; cin >> LastName; cout << "\nPick Your Password: "; cin.get(Password); cout << "\nDeposits: "; cin >> Deposits; cout << "\nBalance: "; cout << setiosflags (ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << Deposits ; cout << "\n\n" << FirstName << " " << LastName << ", is all the above information correct (Y/N)? "; cin >> Print; } if (Print=='y' || Print=='Y') { ofstream outfile ("Bank.txt"); outfile << "Name: " << FirstName << " " << LastName; outfile << "\nPassword: *******"; outfile << "\n\nDeposits: " << Deposits; outfile << "\nBalance: " << Deposits; outfile << "\nThank you!"; outfile.close(); ofstream pwfile ("Passwords.dat"); pwfile << Password; pwfile.close(); cout << "\n\nThank You!\a"; } if (Print=='n' || Print=='N') { cout << "Okay well then your going to have to restart, sorry.\a"; cout << "\n\nThank You!\a"; } //Calculation NewBalance = Balance + Deposits - Withdrawls; //Stops program until button is pressed getch(); return 0; }
also i would liek to know if theres a way i can use the persons name (which the enter) to name the outfiles so each new user would have there own files
thanks for the help
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http://cboard.cprogramming.com/cplusplus-programming/75908-frustrated-filling-inputs-input-before.html
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Feb 10, 2011 10:26 AM|dejajaysan|LINK
Hi all,
I have to create a Gmail like application in ASP.Net. I want a simple model or guideline of clear-picture on this project. Can anyone please guide me about the basic things I need for this application?
Thanks for any help...
Feb 11, 2011 02:57 AM|shabirhakim1|LINK
Hi,
This shows that you don't want to use heavy control.Right?/4.0 and Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and how they integrate together to provide the world's most productive web development experience.You can use Html Control along with Ajax and Css.
here are resources which will help you to implement ajax/asp.net based application
Implementing AJAX Enabled Applications in ASP.Net
Regards
Shabir
Feb 11, 2011 08:56 AM|dejajaysan|LINK
Hi,
Thanks for answering. I have little knowledge in AJAX.NET. thanks for the links anyway..
My question is, the basic things needed for creating a GMAIL like
application. Of course, I need Tables for storing messages.. I want to know whatever the details needed suchas SMTP configuration etc.
I have poor knowledge in SMTP,POP etc. What should i do for achieving a Centralized Independent EMAIL software?
Anybody please help.
Feb 11, 2011 09:30 AM|shabirhakim1|LINK
Hi Great.. Man,
dejajaysanThanks for answering. I have little knowledge in AJAX.NET. thanks for the links anyway..
You have lots of Ajax Resources available online ,You can use them with your little knowledge..
dejajaysanOf course, I need Tables for storing messages.. I want to know whatever the details needed suchas SMTP configuration etc.
If you have to develop Gmail Like application,Why you need tables? I don't think,because Messages are all saved in IIS Root Directories
dejajaysanI have poor knowledge in SMTP,POP etc. What should i do for achieving a Centralized Independent EMAIL software?
You don't need to have much knowledge about SMTP/POP3 except to know that they are servers who handle in and out email messages ,Rest you need to know more about namespaces used for mailing system like System.Net.Mail Namespace..
Regards
shabir
Star
12060 Points
Feb 11, 2011 02:02 PM|atconway|LINK
Well this is a very broad question on how to create an entire mail client and messaging system from end-to-end, but here are a few of the very abstract things you will need:
1. An SMTP server like Microsoft Exchange. Configuration and setup of something like this is totally outside the realm of these ASP.NET forums and you would have to check out the TechNet forums here:
2. An ASP.NET application using a mailbox style layout and probably leveraging asyncronous updating to check if there is new mail. I reccomend jQuery or AJAX for creating the rich client feeling web applications. If you really want a rich client interaction and your users can handle the plugin then I would use Silverlight.
3. Get totally familiar with the System.Net.Mail namespace and interacting with the SMTP server for sending and receiving emails in .NET maanaged code:
Feb 12, 2011 01:53 AM|shabirhakim1|LINK
Hi,
You can go through below listed Url's.These Samples contain demo as well as source code,Just see how to start
Regards
shabir
Feb 12, 2011 08:49 AM|dejajaysan|LINK
OMG, According to my project assignment...here is what i have to do
send and Receive mails with the messages stored in our server Database.
System.Net.Mail is for sending messages. For receiving messages, do i have to use third party POP service?
anybody please help.
Feb 12, 2011 09:14 AM|shabirhakim1|LINK
Hi,
No,you don't need Third Party POP Service.Below are complete Links for your Application
These Links are provided by MVP'S .Just have look one by one
Sending and receiving e-mail
<URL:>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sending and receiving e-mail
.NET 2.0:
Namespace 'System.Net.Mail':
.NET Framework Class Library -- 'System.Net.Mail' Namespace
<URL:>
'System.Net.Mail', OH MY!
<URL:>
.NET 1.0/1.1:
Namespace 'System.Web.Mail' (requires reference to "System.Web.dll"):
.NET Framework Class Library -- 'System.Web.Mail' Namespace
<URL:>
Dave Wanta maintains a collection of FAQs on the 'System.Web.Mail'
namespace:
'System.Web.Mail', OH MY!
<URL:>
CDO/Exchange:
Support Policy for Microsoft Exchange APIs with .NET Framework Applications
<URL:;EN-US;813349>
HOW TO: Retrieve Messages Using CDOEX and ADO in Visual C#
<URL:;EN-US;310206>
"Self-made":
Using POP3 with C# to download and parse your mail.
<URL:>
Retrieve Mail From a POP3 Server Using C#
<URL:>
POP3 Client as a C# Class
<URL:>
SMTP and POP3 Mail Server
<URL:>
Some samples for POP3 access can be found on GotDotNet:
<URL:>
Components:
Indy is an open source component that can be used to send mail:
The Indy Project
<URL:>
Commercial:
MAIL for .NET
<URL:>
Rebex Mail for .NET
<URL:>
Related:
Secure Socket Library
<URL:>
Regards
shabir
11 replies
Last post Feb 13, 2011 02:40 AM by dejajaysan
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Table of Contents
Nowadays there are many Machine Learning (ML) algorithms that can be applied to the same task. So, when choosing an algorithm for an ML project you might get lost as there are too many opportunities to explore. Anyway, if you ever get in such a spot the best thing you could do is to start working with something simple, for example, Linear or Logistic Regression while aiming to try more complex models later on.
To tell the truth, some Data Scientists state that simple models have the potential to work as well as complex ones. This is why at the beginning of each ML project simple models are usually applied to the task as they will at least help to create a baseline to beat. Among these simple models, there is one that differs a lot from the rest – a Decision Tree algorithm.
In this article we will talk about:
- Machine Learning terminology
- What is a Decision Tree?
- Building a Decision Tree
- Greedy algorithm
- How are the splits made when building a Decision Tree?
- The stopping criterion
- Methods for handling missing values
- Pruning methods
- Popular Decision Tree building methods
- Advantages and disadvantages of a Decision Tree
- How to work with Decision Trees using Python?
- Sklearn Decision Tree models
- Decision Tree for Regression
- Decision Tree for Classification
- How to optimize the performance of a Decision Tree>
- How to evaluate a Decision Tree?
- How to visualize a Decision Tree?
- Real-Life Applications of Decision Trees
- Ensemble Learning
- Boosting
- Bagging and Random Forest
Let’s jump in.
Machine Learning terminology
To start with, it is important to use the correct Machine Learning terminology to understand the exact place of Decision Trees in the grand scheme of things. As you might know, it all starts from the Machine Learning task. An ML task is a task that needs to be solved using Machine Learning having the problem that needs to be solved, the type of prediction that needs to be made, and the available data.
You are familiar with some of the ML tasks, for example:
- Regression task (predicts a continuous-valued attribute associated with an object)
- Classification task (identifies which category an object belongs to)
- Clustering task (automatically groups similar objects into sets)
- And other
Each ML task has plenty of Machine Learning algorithms that can be used to solve a certain ML task. For example:
- Linear Regression for the Regression task
- Logistic Regression for the Classification task
- DBSCAN for Clustering
- Decision Tree both for Regression and Classification
- And many other
Finally, there are ML metrics. ML metrics are the metrics that are used to evaluate the performance of an ML algorithm on a specific ML task. For example:
- MAE, MSE, and many other ML metrics can be used to evaluate an ML algorithm on a Regression task
- Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and many other ML metrics can be used to evaluate an ML algorithm on a Classification task
Thus, you now know the basics of ML terminology. Also, you are aware that a Decision Tree is a Machine Learning algorithm used to solve both Regression and Classification ML tasks.
What is a Decision Tree?
A Decision Tree is a Supervised Machine Learning algorithm that can be easily visualized using a connected acyclic graph. In general, a connected acyclic graph is called a tree.
In maths, a graph is a set of vertices and a set of edges. Each edge in a graph connects exactly two vertices. A connected graph is a graph that has at least one path (set of edges) between any pair of vertices. An acyclic graph is a graph that does not have any cycles within it (there is no path in a graph starting and ending in the same vertice). So, as you see, Decision Trees have a mathematical background behind them.
You can find a simple example of a Decision Tree below.
The edges of a tree (in the picture above they are visualized as arrows) are called branches. The vertices of a tree are known as nodes (blue circles in the picture above). The nodes without child nodes are called leaf nodes (in the picture above leaf nodes are green circles).
The basic Decision Tree concept is quite intuitive as it reflects the human decision-making process. When we are making a decision, we ask ourselves a question and based on the answer choose a direction of further discussion until the decision is made.
The same concept is used in the Decision Tree algorithm. We will cover the exact algorithm a bit later but in general, each Decision Tree splits the data in each node using the object’s features based on a certain criterion until it reaches the stopping criterion. Thus, when the new object occurs the algorithm will know how to handle the object based on its features.
Thus, the Decision Tree algorithm proposes a unique approach to the Regression and Classification ML tasks that differs a lot from the traditional linear models
Building a Decision Tree
Now it is time to talk in-depth about building a Decision Tree.
Greedy algorithm
The basic Decision Tree building algorithm is called a greedy one and has several steps in it:
- Imagine you have a dataset X that you want to use as a training set. Also, you have a splitting criterion Q – such function that needs to be maximized when splitting your training set.
- Find the best split for each feature in your dataset using the Q function. For a feature with K different values in it, there will be K – 1 different splits. You need to pick the split that maximizes the Q function. Thus, if you have 3 features in your training set, after this step you will have one best split for each feature.
- Find the best split S among the best splits found in Step 2. S will be used to split the training set in a node as it is the best possible split that can be made.
- Make the split using S. The training set will be split into two parts – some objects will go to the left subtree node, others to the right.
- For each of these nodes (left and right), you need to recursively repeat Steps 2-4. Thus, you will build a Decision Tree by constructing child nodes for the root nodes.
- At each node, you need to check if some stopping condition has occurred. If it has, then you will stop the recursion and declare this node as a leaf
- When the Tree is built, a prediction value (the value that will be predicted by the Decision Tree if a new object gets to a leaf) is assigned to each leaf. In the case of Classification, it may be the majority class in the leaf. For Regression, it can be the mean or the median. Still, you might have your logic when assigning a prediction value to each leaf.
Decision trees can effectively handle missing values. It can be done by modifying the process of splitting the training set at a node which can be done in several ways. After the tree is built, you can perform Pruning (removal of some nodes to reduce the complexity of the model and increase its generalization ability). There are several approaches to that, so we will cover them a bit later.
In general, the Decision Tree building is determined by:
- The splitting criterion;
- The stopping criterion;
- The method for handling missing values;
- The Pruning method.
How are the splits made when building a Decision Tree?
As you already know, nodes are split based on a certain splitting criterion Q. In general, it consists of two terms, each of which corresponds to the child nodes.
In the picture above Rm is the samples that are in the node that needs to be split. Rl and Rr are the samples that will respectively get to the left and right subtree after the split. H(R) is the impurity criterion that evaluates the quality of the distribution of the target variable among the objects of the R set. The less the variety of the target variable, the less the value of the impurity criterion should be and, accordingly, it needs to be minimized. On the other hand, function Q needs to be maximized.
In the Regression case, the impurity criterion is usually measured by its variance (the lower the spread of the target variable, the better the node). Still, in the Classification case, it is a bit more interesting as two basic impurity criterions are usually used:
- Entropy
- Gini
Let’s check a simple example to understand how entropy is used to build a Decision Tree. Imagine that you have a problem sorting a group of balls into two groups – yellow and blue.
There are 9 blue and 11 yellow balls in the picture. If we pull out a ball at random, then with 920probability it will be blue, whereas with 1120 probability it will be yellow. So, if we use the entropy formula we will get that the entropy of this state is
Right now the entropy value is pretty useless, but let’s see how the entropy will change if the balls are divided into two groups – with coordinates less than or equal to 12 and greater than 12.
Let’s check the entropy. The left group contains 13 balls (8 are blue and 5 are yellow). The entropy of this group is:
Whereas in the right group there were 7 balls (1 blue and 6 yellow). The entropy of the right group is:
As you can see, the entropy decreased in both groups compared to the initial one. This is exactly how the splitting works. Among all features in the dataset, you need to find the best split that will maximize the Q function while minimizing the H(R1 ) and H(Rr) impurity criteria.
The stopping criterion
To tell the truth, you can come up with a large number of stopping criteria, for example:
- Limit the maximum depth of a Tree;
- Limit the minimum number of samples in a leaf;
- Limit the maximum number of leaves in a Tree;
- Stop building a Tree if all samples in a leaf belong to the same class;
- And others.
The stopping criterion must be chosen wisely as it can significantly affect the overall quality of a Tree. However, such a selection will be time expensive as it will require cross-validation.
Methods for handling missing values
As mentioned above, Decision Trees can handle missing values but it requires changing the splitting logic a bit. In general, there are several approaches to this problem:
- If the missing value occurs in a feature when building a Decision Tree (in a sample S from the training set) and the split should be made by this feature, then S must be put both in the left and the right subtree with certain weights;
- If the missing value occurs in a feature when using a built Decision Tree (in a new sample S), then it must be also put in both subtrees and proceed further on with certain weights;
- Surrogate predicate method requires finding a split that is as close as possible to the initial one by another feature;
- Also, you can use other well-known methods, for example, assign all missing values to zero. Moreover, for Decision Trees, it might be effective to replace the missing values in a feature with numbers that exceed any value in a given feature. Such an approach will help to choose such a split that all objects with known values will go to the left subtree and all objects with missing values to the right.
Pruning methods
Pruning is an alternative to the stopping criterion described above. When using Pruning, an overfitted Decision Tree is built first (for example, until there is one object in each leaf), and then its structure is optimized to improve generalization ability. Many studies show that Pruning results in a better quality of the model compared to early stopping the building based on various stopping criteria.
However, as of today, Pruning is rarely used. Moreover, it is not implemented in the majority of data analysis libraries. This is because the Trees themselves are weak algorithms that are usually used in various ensembles, for example, Bagging (Random Forest) or Boosting that do not require using the Pruning technique.
Still, if you want to learn more about Pruning, you should probably study the Cost-Complexity Pruning method as it is used in the Decision Tree CART building method.
Popular Decision Tree building methods
here are three popular Decision Tree building methods:
- The ID3 method uses entropy criterion and builds a tree until each leaf contains objects of the same class, or while the partition of the node gives a decrease in the entropy criterion;
- The C4.5 method uses the Gain Ratio criterion (normalized entropy criterion). As a stopping criterion, it limits the number of samples in a leaf. Pruning is performed using the Error-Based Pruning method that uses the generalization capacity estimates to make a vertex removal decision. Missing values are handled using the method that ignores objects with missing values when computing the branching criterion and then transfers such objects to both subtrees with certain weights.
- The CART method uses Gini criterion and Cost-Complexity Pruning. Missing values are handled using the surrogate predicate method.
Advantages and disadvantages of a Decision Tree
Undoubtedly, the Decision Tree has several advantages:
- It is pretty intuitive;
- It can be easily visualized and interpreted;
- It has the potential to achieve zero error for almost any problem;
- It can be used without data preprocessing (normalization, scaling, and so on).
Still, there are major disadvantages:
- It tends to overfit;
- When solving a Regression task you might face the extrapolation problem as a Decision Tree algorithm is unable to predict values outside the interval of the target variable on the training set. In the case of Regression, a Decision Tree will underperform because of that.
Thus, despite the tangible advantages, it is better not to use a standalone Decision Tree model on any task.
How to work with Decision Trees using Python?
For this section I have prepared a Google Collab notebook for you featuring working with Decision Trees in Python, training on the Boston and Iris dataset, hyperparameter tuning using GridSearchCV, and some visualizations. Please feel free to experiment and play around as there is no better way to master something than practice.
Sklearn Decision Tree models
Fortunately, it is quite easy to work with Decision Trees in Python thanks to the scikit-learn (sklearn) Python package. As you might know, sklearn is an efficient and simple library for Machine Learning that has plenty of ML algorithms, metrics, datasets, and additional tools implemented. Thus, the easiest way to start working with Decision Trees is to use scikit-learn.
Sklearn has two standalone Decision Tree models implemented:
- DecisionTreeRegressor model for the Regression task
- DecisionTreeClassifier model for the Classification task
These are the basic Decision Tree models. If you want something advanced, sklearn has awesome documentation including valuable tutorials, simple examples, and brief descriptions of the algorithms, so if you want to explore all the opportunities please refer to it.
To get things going simply import the necessary models, for example:
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
Decision Tree for Regression
As mentioned above, sklearn has a built-in DecisionTreeRegressor model that can be used to solve a Regression task using a standalone Decision Tree. From the code perspective, it will take only a few lines. All you need to do is to import and initialize the sklearn model and use the fit method to train your model on the training set.
X, y = load_boston(return_X_y=True) X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.3) dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() dtr.fit(X_train, y_train)
By doing this you will get a trained Decision Tree model and will be able to proceed with further actions such as model optimization, evaluation, and visualization.
Decision Tree for Classification
Fortunately, working with a DecisionTreeClassifier model is no different. The steps are the following:
- Import a necessary model;
- Initialize it;
- Use the fit method to train it;
- Proceed with further exploration.
X, y = load_iris(return_X_y=True) X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.3) dtc = DecisionTreeClassifier() dtc.fit(X_train, y_train)
Now you know how to train a standalone Decision Tree model for both Regression and Classification tasks. However, if you pay closer attention to the notebook, you will notice that both “out-of-the-box” models drastically overfit the training data. Thus, let’s try and optimize the Decision Tree performance.
How to optimize the performance of a Decision Tree?
When talking about the Decision Tree performance optimization Data scientists usually refer not to obtaining the best possible metric, they refer to minimizing the overfitting problem. In general, if you use the “out-of-the-box” Decision Tree model, it will create a very complex tree with each sample getting its own leaf node. Sure, such an approach will help to achieve a zero error on the training set. Still, the model will generalize poorly and its performance on unseen data will leave much to be desired.
Nevertheless, you can use several techniques to optimize a Decision Tree performance, for example:
- Feature Engineering technique will help you to get rid of irrelevant features and create more valuable ones;
- If there are too many features in your dataset, then PCA might be a nice algorithm to help you with the dataset decomposition;
- Hyperparameter tuning will be useful for overfitting reduction;
- If you have a class imbalance in your dataset, then Sampling techniques are there to help.
It is worth mentioning that in terms of an ML metric that you will use to evaluate your Decision Tree model these methods will likely cause a decrease in it. Still, you must remember that your ultimate goal is to reduce overfitting that cannot be obtained without a cost.
To get rid of irrelevant features you simply need to train your model on the initial dataset and use the .feature_importances_ method to get the importance of each feature in the dataset. Then you can remove irrelevant features from the dataset and proceed with training.
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.3) dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() dtr.fit(X_train, y_train) plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8)) plt.bar(np.arange(X.shape[1]), np.squeeze(np.abs(dtr.feature_importances_))) features_to_save = np.where(np.abs(np.squeeze(dtr.feature_importances_)) >= 1e-1)[0] X_train_new = X_train[:, features_to_save] X_test_new = X_test[:, features_to_save]
When tuning a model’s hyperparameters you need to be careful and precise as they can massively affect the model’s performance. Please refer to the Building a Decision Tree section for an in-depth Decision Tree algorithm that will help you identify which of the model’s parameters are the most crucial. For the full list of the hyperparameters please refer to the sklearn documentation of the respective model:
Still, from the code perspective, the task is simple as you can effectively use either RandomizedSeachCV or GridSearchCV methods to tune your model. Still, please remember that it might take a while before these methods will produce a result.
params_dist = { 'max_depth': [4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16], 'max_leaf_nodes': [1000, 2000, 3000], 'min_samples_leaf': [20, 30, 40, 50], 'min_samples_split': [30, 40, 50] } dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() random_search = RandomizedSearchCV(dtr, params_dist, cv=5) random_search.fit(X_train, y_train) tuned_dtr = random_search.best_estimator_
How to evaluate a Decision Tree?
Just as any other ML algorithm a Decision Tree can be easily evaluated using suitable metrics and tools, for example:
- ML metrics designed for a specific ML task (MAE for Regression, Precision for Classification)
- Cross-Validation to check the algorithm’s ability to generalize
From the code perspective, you will face no obstacles trying to evaluate a Decision Tree model as the process is intuitive and does not differ from the evaluation process used when working with linear models (Linear and Logistic Regression).
You can simply use sklearn.metrics to import a necessary metric or sklearn.model_selection to import a necessary tool and then apply them to your model.
from sklearn.metrics import mean_absolute_error as mae from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score X, y = load_boston(return_X_y=True) dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() cross_val_score(dtr, X, y) X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.3) dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() dtr.fit(X_train, y_train) print('MAE on train:', mae(y_train, dtr.predict(X_train))) print('MAE on test:', mae(y_test, dtr.predict(X_test)))
How to visualize a Decision Tree?
As mentioned above, one of the clear Decision Tree advantages is the interpretability achieved through simple visualization. You can easily visualize a Decision Tree using sklearn.tree.plot_tree method.
This is the part where you can get creative as you can work a bit on your visualization and get a nice presentable picture. Sure, you can still use the method as is and get the following picture:
from sklearn import tree import matplotlib.pyplot as plt dtc = DecisionTreeClassifier() dtc.fit(X_train, y_train) fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows = 1,ncols = 1,figsize = (9,9), dpi=800) tree.plot_tree(dtc) Still, it is always better if you make your visualizations a bit more advanced:
from sklearn import tree import matplotlib.pyplot as plt data = load_boston() X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.3) dtr = DecisionTreeRegressor() dtr.fit(X_train, y_train) fn = data.feature_names cn = data.target fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows = 1,ncols = 1,figsize = (9,9), dpi=800) tree.plot_tree(dtr, feature_names = fn, class_names=cn, filled = True); Also, please pay attention that your Decision Tree might be quite big
Real-Life Applications of Decision Trees
As you already know, the overfitting problem that usually occurs when working with Decision Trees makes a standalone Decision Tree model almost irrelevant in the grand scheme of things. The extrapolation problem of DecisionTreeRegressor is also crucial as it makes a Decision Tree algorithm not very suitable for the Regression task.
That is why a single Decision Tree model is a bad model to use in a Machine Learning project. Moreover, you should probably avoid using Decision Trees for a Regression task either. Still, the Decision Tree’s ability to achieve zero error for almost any problem makes it a very attractive algorithm for Data Scientists. So, ML specialists came up with a strategy called Ensemble Learning that minimizes the disadvantages of Decision Trees.
To make things clear, in real-life Decision Trees are often used as a part of ensembles. However, you will probably never face a standalone Decision Tree model.
Ensemble Learning
Ensemble learning is a process where multiple ML models (called base models) are generated and combined to solve a particular problem. There are several types of Ensemble Learning:
- Bagging;
- Boosting;
- Stacking;
- And Other.
Decision Trees are commonly used as base models for both Boosting and Bagging.
Boosting
Boosting is a sequential Ensemble Learning technique that incrementally builds an ensemble by training each new model instance to emphasize the training instances that previous models misclassified. So, one model is learning from the mistakes of another which boosts the learning.
Multiple Boosting algorithms use Decision Trees as base models, for example, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, CatBoost, AdaBoost, and others.
Bagging and Random Forest
Bootstrap Aggregating or Bagging was originally developed to overcome the overfitting problem. It is also known as parallel Ensemble Learning as it proposes training multiple base models (for example, Decision Trees) in parallel on unique training sets. Such an approach helps to minimize the overfit. For the detailed Bagging algorithm please refer to the related article.
Random Forest is a popular ML algorithm that is strongly based on Bagging while developing its ideas. The Forest part of the name comes from the approach of training many Decision Trees as base models. For the detailed Random Forest algorithm please refer to the related article.
Random Forest is a powerful yet simple ML algorithm that is widely used across the industry and can be applied to many tasks, for example:
- Fraud Detection;
- Kaggle competitions;
- Credit scoring;
- E-commerce case;
- Any other Classification problem.
Thus, Decision Trees are everywhere but usually as a part of ensembles. For extra support, you can access the related article for an in-depth explanation.
Final Thoughts
Hopefully, this tutorial will help you succeed and use the Decision Tree algorithm in your next Machine Learning project.
To summarize, we started with an in-depth explanation of Machine Learning terminology. Then we covered some theoretical information about the Decision Tree algorithm, its advantages, and disadvantages, and went through a step-by-step guide on how to use Decision Trees in Python for both the Regression and Classification tasks. Lastly, we talked about some real-life applications of Decision Trees.
If you enjoyed this post, a great next step would be to start building your Machine Learning project with all the relevant tools. Check out tools like:
- DecisionTreeRegressor as a ML model;
- DecisionTreeClassifier as a ML model;
- Boosting algorithms that use Decision Trees as base models;
- Random Forest.
For extra support, you can access the Notebook for further code and documentation.
Thanks for reading, and happy training!
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Oracle Technology Network
Download the .gif images and "API users guide" file here (~24K). This latter file is named
API_users_guide.html, which you access by clicking on the link "API User's Guide" in the upper left corner of the first page (
packages.html). Please see the README. You can also obtain them from the
docs/api/images/directory in the downloadable JDK docs.
E2. Is there a way for Javadoc 1.1.x to include the necessary .gif files with its output?
When I run javadoc, all the images (for headings and bullets) in the generated HTML files appear as broken links. Is there a way, other than manually copying the images, to get javadoc to include the necessaryE3. Is there any way for Javadoc 1.1.x to insert a heading or footer? I notice you have a header and footer on some of the API docs you publish.
.giffiles with its output?
No. Currently, you must copy the
.giffiles separately from running javadoc.
The
.giffiles reside in the
api/imagesdirectory. To get the
.giffiles, download the JDK Documentation bundle and look in the
docs/api/imagesdirectory. In your javadoc destination directory, create an
imagesdirectory and copy the
.giffiles there.
You can automate this process by writing a batch file (or shell script) that runs javadoc and also copies the images to the destination directory.
Unnoticed by many people, when they do a javadoc build, there is another broken link "API User's Guide" in the upper-left corner of the
packages.htmlpage. This is a link to the file
API_users_guide.html, which describes how the API docs are organized and includes the legend for the color-coded bullets. You must also copy this file over to the output destination.
We have improved Javadoc 1.2 and later versions to no longer require graphics. We have renamed API_users_guide.html to help.html, and there is a command line option to omit the link to it from the navigation bar. If you include the link, you must manually copy the file to the destination.
This capability has been added to Javadoc 1.2. In earlier versions of Javadoc, we added these headers and footers by running a script on the generated HTML files.E4. How did you get Javadoc 1.1.x to break up the large (1.4 MB) index file into separate files A-Z, starting with a-index.html.
Javadoc didn't do this. We did this with the PERL script javadocindexsplit.pl, which we ran on Solaris using Perl 5.0. Feel free to use it.E5. It seems that Javadoc 1.1 does not work for documenting inner classes.
Javadoc 1.1.x generates an index file "AllNames.html". This script does not modify the file "AllNames.html" itself, but copies its content into the files a-index.html, b-index.html, ..., y-index.html. (Unfortunately, javadoc 1.1.3 does not generate index entries for API names starting with "z". This is fixed in a later release.) To complete the job, you need to make the links that point to "AllNames.html" work instead with "a-index.html". The link "AllNames.html" appears at the top and bottom of most html pages, identified with the label "Index". You can do this in any of several ways:
- By deleting AllNames.html and creating a shortcut (symbolic link in Unix) from AllNames.html to a-index.html. For example:
rm AllNames.html(Unix)
ln -s a-index.html AllNames.html
delete AllNames.html(Windows)
shortcut -f a-index.html AllNames.html
- By copying "a-index.html" to "AllNames.html" so it exists with both filenames. For example:
cp a-index.html AllNames.html(Unix)
copy a-index.html AllNames.html(Windows)
- By changing the links in the HTML web pages themselves from "AllNames.html" to "a-index.html":
% perl -pi.bak -e "s/AllNames.html/a-index.html/g" *.html
You can then delete "AllNames.html" to free up disk space.
This has been fixed in Javadoc 1.2. This will not be fixed in any 1.1.x version of Javadoc.E6. When I run javadoc, the index file (AllNames.html) that it generates is empty.
WORKAROUND - There is no known workaround.
This is a bug where javadoc appears to run successfully, but the index page is blank except for the header and title at the top of the file. This happens in two cases we have identified:E7. When I run javadoc with the.
- If a class has a public or protected member that begins with a non-alphabetic character (such as underscore "_"). For example:public class Foo { protected int _d; }
- If a class contains a static initializer method. Since there is no method declaration, it confuses Javadoc.public class Goo { static { System.out.print("Initializing"); } }
If you must use Javadoc 1.1.x, one poor "workaround" is to temporarily remove the keyword "public" or "protected" (so that javadoc won't try to document that member, but will generate the index without it) or remove the leading non-alphabetic character. We have no plans to fix this bug in future 1.1.x versions of Javadoc.
-privateoption, the private members are not generated.
The -private, -protected and -package options were introduced in JDK 1.1.2. These options work properly on members of a public class, but unfortunately have never worked properly on members of non-public classes. Therefore, only comments for public classes and any of their members can be generated. Instead of generating the doc comments, it generates this message:E8. Running javadoc withoutThis class is not public and therefore cannot be used outside this package.This bug has been fixed in Javadoc 1.2. This bug will not be fixed in any JDK 1.1.x version of javadoc.
WORKAROUND - Switch to Javadoc 1.2. Otherwise, ugly though it may be, you can change all classes to "public" in the source code, generate the docs, and then selectively remove the word "public" from the generated docs. This last step requires selectively searching for:"<dl> <dt> public "and replacing it with:"<dl> <dt> "Brian Erwins has written a "fixpublic" script that runs on Solaris with Perl 5. This script both adds "public" to the source files and removes "public" from the proper places in the generated HTML files. This script has some Unix dependencies.
-sourcepathgets "Warning: No source files for package xxx".
The javadoc reference page says under "Documenting One or More Packages" that you can run javadoc withoutE9. Not all forms of the @see tag in Javadoc 1.1 work as documented.
-sourcepath. However, this doesn't work in JDK 1.1.x due to a bug in javadoc.
WORKAROUND - Include the sourcepath option with a "dot" (
.) for the current directory:
javadoc -d html -sourcepath . java.awt
Using a URL in an @see tag does not work in Javadoc 1.1.x, but works in 1.2:@see <a href="/j2se/javadoc/faq/1.1/spec.html">Java Spec</a>In 1.1.x, it generates the error: "Extraneous text following reference."
Other forms of the @see tag documented in the Java Language Specification also do not work in 1.1.x, though we have not enumerated them here. (Anyone who can add to this list, please let us know.)
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I came across a mention of project lombok recently whilst looking for something else. It is a combination of annotations and annotation processors to make bean programming more declarative. For the purposes of this blog I am going to use a quick example using the @Data annotation. So for this simple class the attention of the @Data annotation will at compile time add in getters/settings equals/hashCode and a nice toString implementation.
import lombok.Data; @Data public class DataExample { private String name; private double score; private String tags[]; }
Now lombok has integration with Eclipse and javac, since we are using JDeveloper I am stuck with the latter. In theory all you need to do is to make sure that JDeveloper compiles with "javac" with the lombok.jar on your classpath. It turns out that at least in the more recent versions of JDeveloper we use the compiler API directly which doesn't appear to properly invoke the annotation processors in the library. (Look under lombok.jar!/META-INF/services to see how this is wired up) The trick is to configure JDeveloper to run javac "out of process":
Now before you compile JDeveloper might complain that it can't find any of the new methods; but as soon as the classpath is populated even code insight works correctly (although not inside of the DataElement class):
Using the above data you can see how the toString() method is puts together some nice tidy output:
DataExample(name=Bob, score=4.0, tags=[Fun, Tall])
I wonder if the ADF team could use something similar to reduce the amount of boilerplate code that they have to generate. Also with a little bit of work you could get far cleaner JAXB and EJB artifacts. It would also be good if this project was extended to support bound attributes transparently and perhaps create a builder which always takes far too much time in my book.
4 comments:
Huh - that's a amazing. The big 3 (Eclipse, Netbeans, IntelliJ IDEA) never look at class files if they also have source files, and never invoke annotation processors when parsing source files for e.g. method names, so lombok is hopeless on all three without plugins (like we have for eclipse).
Do you happen to know if JDeveloper's internal parser (which it is evidently using to figure out if a method call to a local method should be underlined with: "Method doesn't exist", as you're running into with lombok's generated getters) is javac-based? If so, fixing that aspect of it with an agent shouldn't be to too much effort.
--Reinier Zwitserloot (project lombok co-author)
Hey,
No the internal java model doesn't use javac. It just defaults to reading .class files as the source of truth which is useful in this case.
If you "clean" the project you get the nasty read underlining back as it has to fall back to using source files instead. I think I was just lucky that it works this way.
Gerard
Gerard, if you haven't listened yet, you might enjoy the Java Posse discussion of Lamboch.
Jambay,
Thanks, just listening to it now I am back from my holiday...
Gerard
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The C++ programming language offers many useful features for tackling complex scientific computing problems. Inheritance, polymorphism, generic programming, and operator overloading are of primary importance. Unfortunately, most of these advanced features carry a hefty performance cost. Until recently, C++ performance lagged behind Fortran’s performance by anywhere from 20 percent to orders of magnitude. As a result, the adoption of C++ for scientific computing has been slower than it should be, given the platform’s popularity.
So, how can you turbo charge C++ so that you can have your advanced language features but lose the poor performance? This is precisely the goal of the Blitz++ project: to develop techniques that will enable C++ to rival and even surpass the speed of Fortran for numerical computing, while preserving an object-oriented interface. The Blitz++ Numerical Library is being constructed as the solution under dual licenses—GNU GPL and Blitz++ Artistic License.
Blitz++ provides a single array class called Array<T_numtype, N_rank>. This class provides a dynamically allocated N-dimensional array with reference counting, arbitrary storage ordering, subarrays and slicing, flexible expression handling, and many other useful features.
Can C++ Compete with Fortran?
Recent benchmarks show C++ encroaching steadily on Fortran’s high-performance monopoly. For some benchmarks, C++ is even faster than Fortran! No, this is not a result of better optimizing compilers, preprocessors, or even language extensions. It’s achieved simply through the use of template techniques. Through the magic of template metaprogramming, optimizations such as loop fusion, unrolling, tiling, and algorithm specialization can be performed automatically at compile time. Another successful package that uses this technique is, of course, the Boost C++ Libraries.
Another goal of Blitz++ is to extend the conventional dense array model (in other words, not sparse) with new and useful features. Some examples of such extensions are flexible storage formats, tensor notation, and index placeholders. Blitz++ is more than just cool arrays; you also get matrix math, random number generation, and a variety of supporting functionality.
Blitz++ Platform Support
As is true of any template metaprogramming tool, Blitz++ is only as good as the ISO/ANSI C++ compliance of the compiler you choose. Specifically, your compiler of choice must have rock-solid member templates, partial specialization, and partial ordering of templates. The good news is that Visual Studio .NET 2003 and Visual Studio 2005 are supported directly by way of project files. Additionally, a whole raft of compilers are supported, including Intel C++ for Windows, gcc, IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, and Sun Studio 10 for Solaris. Older versions of Borland C++ and Visual Studio C++ (6.0) definitely will not work. Of course, Blitz++ comes with a complete self-test suite so you can be confident that your OS and compiler are 100 percent compliant.
Getting Started
To use the Array class, you must include the header <blitz/array.h> and use the namespace blitz:
#include <blitz/array.h>
using namespace blitz;
The array class, called Array<T_numtype, N_rank>, has two templated parameters:
- T_numtype is the numeric type to be stored in the array. T_numtype can be an integral type (scalars, including int and long double), complex type, or any user-defined type with appropriate numeric semantics.
- N_rank is the dimensionality of the array (in other words, three for a three-dimensional array).
Array<int,1> x; // A one-dimensional array of int
Array<double,2> y; // A two-dimensional array of double
Array<complex<float>, 12> z; // A twelve-dimensional array of
// complex<float>
When no constructor arguments are provided, the array is empty and no memory is allocated. To create an array that contains some data, simply provide the size of the array as constructor arguments:
Array<double,2> y(4,4); // A 4×4 array of double
The contents of a newly created array are garbage. To initialize the array to all zeroes, you can write the following:
y = 0;
Putting it all together, you can write a “hello world”-type program to add two 2×2 matrices together:
#include <blitz/array.h>
using namespace blitz;
int main() {
Array<float,2> A(2,2), B(2,2), C(2,2);
A = 1, 0, 2, 2;
B = 0, 0, 7, 0;
C = A + B;
cout << “C = ” << C << endl;
return 0;
}
and the output:
C = 2 x 2
[ 1 0]
9 ]
The Array constructor can be manipulated in a lot of ways to achieve a variety of results: computation during initialization, setting the extent (length), setting the base of an array to be something other than zero, and building an array as the reference of another array. Here’s a cool example of creating an array “B” that contains the square roots of elements in “A”:
Array<float,2> A(N,N);
Array<float,2> B(sqrt(A));
A Complete Example: Integration Techniques
Now, take a look at three different integration methods: naïve summation, two-point trapezoid, and a three-point Simpson’s rule. The following is the expression for the example:
1 #include <blitz/vector.h> 2 using namespace blitz; 3 4 int main() 5 { 6 // Integrate the expression 7 8 // to estimate the error function erf(x) on the interval [0,1]. 9 // 10 // Three methods are compared: 11 // 1. Naive summation 12 // 2. Two-point trapezoid 13 // 3. Three-point Simpson's 14 15 const int numSamples = 1024; // Number of samples 16 double dt = 1.0 / numSamples; // Distance between samples 17 Range R(0, numSamples - 1); // Index set for sample // vectors 18 Range displayRange(0, 900, 100); // Indices to output to // screen 19 20 // For comparison purposes, use the built-in erf(x) function. 21 Vector<double> z = erf(R * dt); 22 cout << " Built-in: " << z(displayRange+1) << endl; 23 24 25 // Naive summation 26 Vector<double> z1 = accumulate(M_2_SQRTPI * exp(-sqr(R * dt)) * dt); 27 cout << " Naive: " << z1(displayRange+1) << endl; 28 29 // Calculate the rms error 30 double error1 = sqrt(mean(sqr(z1 - z))); 31 cout << "RMS Error: " << error1 << endl; 32 33 34 // For the following rules, it's easier to work with a 35 // sampled integrand. 36 Vector<double> a = M_2_SQRTPI * exp(-sqr(R * dt)); 37 38 39 // Two-point trapezoid 40 Range J(1, numSamples-1); 41 Vector<double> z2 = accumulate(dt / 2.0 * (a(J) + a(J-1))); 42 43 cout << " Trapezoid: " << z2(displayRange) << endl; 44 cout << "RMS Error: " << sqrt(mean(sqr(z2-z(J)))) << endl; 45 46 47 // Three-point Simpson's (parabolic) 48 Range I(1, numSamples-2); 49 Vector<double> z3 = accumulate(dt / 6.0 * (a(I-1) + 4 * a(I) + a(I+1))); 50 51 cout << " Parabolic: " << z3(displayRange) << endl; 52 cout << " RMS Error: " << sqrt(mean(sqr(z3 - z(I)))) << endl; 53 54 55 return 0; 56 } 57
Lines 26, 41, and 49 use the accumulate functor. A functor describes an action that should be taken on each member of a list. The action usually will vary according to the list member’s type.
Parallel Computation
With multi-core CPUs on the horizon, everyone is thinking about how to exploit the extra cores by adding computation threads. Although Blitz++ can be used for parallel computing, it was not designed primarily for that. For this reason, you may want to investigate some other available libraries such as POOMA before choosing to implement a parallel code using Blitz++. Using threads on Blitz++ may require a library recompile, depending on platform.
In threadsafe mode, Blitz++ array reference counts are safeguarded by a mutex. By default, pthread mutexes are used. Blitz++ does not do locking for every array element access because it would result in an unacceptable performance hit. Responsibility for appropriate synchronization is squarely on your shoulders.
Tough Numeric Problems? No Problem
You’ve just barely scratched the surface of what Blitz++ can do for you. Some of the topics this article couldn’t cover include sophisticated array expressions, stencils, slicing, and indirection. Give it a try because Blitz++ is ready, willing, and able to handle your toughest numeric problems.].
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https://www.developer.com/microsoft/c-sharp/blitz-fast-accurate-numerical-computing-in-c/
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Board index » C Language
All times are UTC
Please, reply, as I'd like to correct my program and lodge it tomorrow.
Regards, Bela Lantos
#include <stdlib.h> int main() { malloc(65536); /* allocate 64k */ return?
> On Unices it will NEVER exhaust system memory. On MSDOS I think it will. > For winbloze I don't? > I know, that if I delete a node, I am supposed to free the memory allocated > to it, for if I exit from the function I was when using, unlike with the > local variables, the memory allocated to them are not returned. > Is it so with program exit? If I don't delete the nodes and free the > memory, does it cause memory leak (or loss - I am not sure how you call it)?
Whenever you are about to lose the pointer to some malloced memory, it should first be freed.
When the program is all done, the fact that you have a list of linked nodes still lying about makes no real difference, the opsys will (should) recapture it all.
-- :=(down for now) (Remove "NOSPAM." from reply address. my-deja works unmodified)
>#include <stdlib.h> >int main() { > malloc(65536); /* allocate 64k */ > return 0; >}
>On Unices it will NEVER exhaust system memory. On MSDOS I think it will.
Dan -- Dan Pop CERN, IT Division
Mail: CERN - IT, Bat. 31 1-014, CH-1211 Geneve 23, Switzerland
> Depends on the OS. I am sure about Unices that they always reclaim memory, > i.e. you DON'T have to explicitly free all the memory before program exit. > I also think that MSDOS didn't reclaim memory... Here's a sample:
> #include <stdlib.h> > int main() { > malloc(65536); /* allocate 64k */ > return 0; > }
I believe the maximum guaranteed object size is 32767. Anything beyond this is either undefined or implementation defined. I don't think there is any value in limits.h for it, but if I am wrong we will hear about it.
>> #include <stdlib.h> >> int main() { >> malloc(65536); /* allocate 64k */ >> return 0; >> }
>On MsDos, 65536 % 65536 is very close to 0.
Both issues are controlled by the implementation, not by MSDOS.
Think of an MSDOS system with only 48k of memory available for running applications. This can be trivially achieved by creating a ramdisk of the "right" size in conventional memory. Trivial programs may still be able to allocate a 32767 bytes object, more complex ones won't. Increase the size of the ramdisk to have a system with only 30k of free memory left for applications and you have rendered your C implementation non-conforming!
> Please, reply, as I'd like to correct my program and lodge it tomorrow.().
And also:.
On the other hand, it's bone-lazy not to, and shows a lack of discipline. I always free everything I allocate. We use memory de{*filter*}s that will track leaks for us. If I just let some memory get reclaimed automatically by the system, it would make a big pile of debugging messages and mask any real leakage messages. In my opinion, you should free it. Have you read the C FAQ yet? -- C-FAQ:.*-*-*.com/ ~scs/C-faq/top.html "The C-FAQ Book" ISBN 0-201-84519-9 C.A.P. FAQ:
... snip ...
> Nope, it won't. In MSDOS, the application owns all the available memory > below the 640k limit. It is therefore trivial for the OS to reclaim it > upon program termination.
You can create all sorts of havoc by executing a TSR from a program, and then exiting that program. Also bringing down TSRs in the wrong order. Nobody worries about those things any more.
Your question is similar to question 7.24 of the comp.lang.c FAQ, "Must I free allocated memory before the program exits?"
The short answer is: "You shouldn't have to." However the FAQ goes into some detail on this topic, and I suggest you read the answer to this question. The URL of the comp.lang.c FAQ can be found in the posts of Jack Klein and other prolific regular posters to this group.
Paul
-- Paul D. Boyle
North Carolina State University
>... snip ...
>> Nope, it won't. In MSDOS, the application owns all the available memory >> below the 640k limit. It is therefore trivial for the OS to reclaim it >> upon program termination.
>Not necessarily. COM files get allocated everything, and have to >do some specific cut-backs to function as TSR's, etc. EXE files >have a field for data space allocated, and don't necessarily have >to trim themselves.
Anyway, the OS knows how much memory was allocated to that program and it is trivial to reclaim it upon program termination.
I suggest you always free the memory you have allocated. Don't rely on the system to clean after you. Some do it, some don't. Also, some programs are designed to run day and night. You can be sure that if such a program didn't care about memory management, it will crash one day or another.
-- -hs- "spaces, not tabs" email: emdel at noos.fr CLC-FAQ: ISO-C Library: FAQ de FCLC :
DS 9000 DS 9000a
1. custom malloc()free() to record memory usage?
2. newbie malloc problem: free memory allocated to structures
3. Memory Leakage problem using malloc and free
4. freeing only part of malloc-ed memory?
5. Freeing malloc-ed memory - question
6. dynamic memory allocation performance problems with malloc/free
7. Malloc not freeing memory
8. memory allocation using malloc and free
9. Error "free"-ing "malloc"-ed memory
10. stack based malloc/free (feedback please)
11. please help on malloc/free!
12. Please help: malloc() and free()
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Fellow monks
I am the principle developer of LedgerSMB and the maintainer, currently, of everything in the PGObject space. I wanted to post my thoughts about what this is and get thoughts from the community as I look at building new components to this framework.
PGObject is an extensible object framework with close (and yet only loosely coupled) PostgreSQL integration. The namespace consists of utilities, mapper classes, and type handlers, which allow one to write code that works in an object-oriented framework, often with Moo or Moose, and where methods map often to database stored procedures. The stored procedures are then looked up by a convention set by the relevant class or role, and then methods are mapped in using the routines of the relevant mapper.
Currently I have one mapper class (and an associated Moo role) and four type handlers. The mapper class uses a simple argument name to property mapping convention with an optional "in_" at the beginning of the argument name being stripped off during the mapping process (so in_id maps to the object property of "id"). The relevant SQL to call the function (along with Windowing functions requested etc) is generated and sent to the db. When using this via Moo, you get an added ability to declare such mappings declaratively.
I am also working on another mapper class that would serialize the object to a composite type. This would allow the entire object to be passed in, creating a single SQL literal representing the entire object as a possibly nested tuple. The application for this is to pass in complex financial transactions in directly so that pre-insert checks an be run on the full set of data as a set.
Is this something that other folks would find very useful and if so, what other features should I look at adding?
Yes
No
A crypto-what?
Results (167 votes),
past polls
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http://www.perlmonks.org/index.pl?node_id=1062995
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This lab is a continuation of Lab 4. You will add user logins and sessions to the web application that you started in that lab. You do not need to have completed the last section of Lab 4, "On Your Own," before working on Lab 5. Your work for labs 4 and 5 will be due during the week after Spring Break. (You will get instructions later about how to turn it in.)
In the polls web site from Lab 4, the user has to enter a user name and password in the form for creating a poll. You will modify this so that a user logs in on using a separate form and then can create as many polls as they want, without entering their user name and password again. (In a real application, there would of course be lots of more interesting things for a logged-in user to do.) To implement this, you have to keep track of the user from one page request to another, and for that you need sessions.
The idea is that some attribute of the session object can be used to store information about the logged-in user. In this simple case, we can use a String-valued attribute to save the logged-in user's name. (More generally, we might use some sort of UserData object.) Any JSP or servlet that needs to check for a logged-in user can test the value of this attribute.
Step 1: A Login Page. Start by creating a new JSP, Login.jsp, where the user can log in. You can use this simple HTML form on the page:
<form action="ProcessLogin" method="POST"> <p>Username: <input type="text" name="username"></p> <p>Password: <input type="password" name="password"></p> <p><input type="submit" value="Click Here to Log In"></p> </form>
Step 2: A Login Servlet. Next, create a servlet named ProcessLogin to process the data from the form. You will have to rewrite the processRequest method. (You can get some ideas from the MakePoll servlet.) You can use the method call "DataAccess.checkUser(context, user, password)" to check that the user is legal, where user is obtained by calling request.getParameter("user") and password is obtained by calling request.getParameter("password"). If the user name and password are valid, you can forward the user to index.jsp, with a message such as "You have been successfully logged in." If not, you can return the user to the login page.
The whole point of logging in is to save information about the logged-in user in the session object. Using "loggedin" as the name of the session attribute, you can do this by saying:
HttpSession session = request.getSession(); session.setAttribute("loggedin", user);
Step 3: Using the login info. The JSP page index.jsp has input boxes for user name and password. These are no longer necessary, since the user will log in once and for all on another page. Remove the unnecessary input boxes from index.jsp.
The MakePoll servlet, which processes the form submission from index.jsp, also has to be modified. It is no longer responsible for validating the user, but it should still check that there really is a validated user associated with the session. It can use session.getAttribute("loggedin") to test for this (where session is obtained as request.getSession()). If there is no validated user, the user should be redirected back to the login page. (See the next section.)
Forwarding is often used in a Java web application to allow several application components (servlets/JSPs/HTMLs) to participate in processing a request and creating the response that will be sent back to the user. Sometimes, however, a redirect is more appropriate. When using forward, you can transport information from one application component to another using request.setAttribute(). You can't do this with forward, but you can use session.setAttribute() for the same purpose (assuming that you are redirecting to another page in the same web application). When you use attributes in this way, it's a good idea to remove the relevant attributes from the session after their values have been read.
Step 4: Redirects to the Login Page. If someone tries to access index.jsp or MakePoll without being logged in, they should be redirected to the login page. You can test this by checking for the presence of the "loggedin" attribute in the session. If the value is null, you can do the redirect with
response.sendRedirect("/polls/Login.jsp"); return; // Stop processing after sending the redirect!!
Here, polls has to be the name of the web application, and "/polls/Login.jsp" is an ordinary relative URL of the login page.
You should display a message such as "Login required" on the login page when this happens. Since you are using a redirect, you want to store the message in a session attribute before sending the redirect. On the login page, you can test for the presence of this attribute in the session; if it is present, you can display it on the page. After displaying the message, remove the attribute from the session. See index.jsp for an example that uses a request attribute instead of a session attribute.
The session object can be used to store data between page requests in the same session. It is also possible to store data that is accessible from anywhere in a web application. This is data that is shared by all sessions. The data can be stored as attributes of the application object (available as the predefined variable application in a JSP and as getServletContext()in a servlet). As an example, you will use an attribute of the application object to keep track of the number of sessions that are currently active in your web application. To do this, use a session listener, which will be informed every time a session is created or destroyed.
Step 5: Creating a listening object. A session listener is an object of type HttpSessionListener. To listen for session events, you have to create a class that implements this listener. Create a new Java class in your web application with name SessionHandler in package listeners. Here is the code for the listener, which you can copy into your class.
package listeners; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener; /** * Keeps track of the number of sessions, and logs session creation and * destruction. Methods are synchronized to prevent errors due to * multithreading. */ public class SessionHandler implements HttpSessionListener { synchronized public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent e) { ServletContext application = e.getSession().getServletContext(); if (application.getAttribute("sessioncount") == null) application.setAttribute("sessioncount", 0); int ct = (Integer)application.getAttribute("sessioncount"); ct++; application.setAttribute("sessioncount", ct); application.log("Session created with id = " + e.getSession().getId() + ". There are " + ct + " active sessions."); } synchronized public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent e) { ServletContext application = e.getSession().getServletContext(); int ct = (Integer)application.getAttribute("sessioncount"); ct--; application.setAttribute("sessioncount", ct); application.log("Session destroyed with id = " + e.getSession().getId() + ". There are " + ct + " active sessions."); } }
Step 6: Register the Listener. Next, you have to tell the server to register the listener with your application. To do this, you have to add configuration information to the file web.xml, which can be found in the WEB-INF directory of your application. Find this file and double-click on it to open it. You will see a specialized editor that understands the format of the file and has interface widgets for changing all the configuration options.
You want to add a "Web Application Listener." The widget for doing this is in the "General" Pane, which should be visible when the file is first opened. Click on the "+" next to "Web Application Listeners", then click the "Add" button. In the dialog box, enter the full name of your class, listeners.SessionHandler, in the "Listener Class" box (or click "Browse" and select the class from the list). Click OK. That's all there is to it -- you should see the class listed as a "Listener Class" under "Web Application Listeners". (If you want to see the raw XML configuration, go to the "XML" pane in the editor window.)
Note that you might want to set the "Session Timeout" in the "General" pane to a short value, to make it easier to test session destruction.
When you run your application after configuring the listener, you will see messages in the Apache Tomcat Log whenever a session is created or destroyed. You can find the log in the bottom section of the NetBeans window.
Step 7: Use the Application Data. The application listener adds an attribute to the application object to store the number of sessions. The name of the attribute is "sessioncount", and you can retrieve the session count on a JSP page as:
int sessionCount = (Integer)application.getAttribute("sessioncount");
or more simply as: <%= application.getAttribute("sessioncount") >
Use this to display the current number of users on the page Login.jsp. (The number will include the person who is logging in.)
To test your work with multiple sessions, you can access your web application from two different web browsers.
Tomcat comes with a "manager" web application that can be used to start, stop, and reload individual web applications. It can also be used to expire sessions, which can be useful during testing. You need a user name and password to log into the manager application. You can find them in the file
.netbeans/6.5/apache-tomcat-6.0.18_base/conf/tomcat-users.xml
Note the "." at the beginning of the name; this is a hidden file in your home directory. The username and password are in a line that looks something like this:
<user username="ide" password="3z8InR4K" roles="manager,admin"/>
You can use the username and password from this line to log into the manager application, or you can edit the file and add another line, with an easier-to-remember username and password and with roles="manager".
When tomcat is running on your local computer, the manager application can be accessed at
To end the sessions in your web application, find the "Expire Sessions" button for your application on the manager web page. Enter 0 as the idle time in the box next to the button, and click the button.
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http://math.hws.edu/eck/cs271/lab5.html
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62 Related Items Preceded by: Starke telegraph Full Text ...., '" '''" '. "' .. '. ,.. ...,. H' .. .. "n,1\ . ." ... p, .. .p, ,", ,. .. .. .. ", ," '" "... ." .,"" .. ',,' "" ', .. ,,, ", .,. r m. ". .. .. .. .. ., .. .. '",'" "" "" ,,, ,,,, ,n.", .. .,...".....""". .. ....., .." "." .. .. .. '.0< n. n, .. ".."' ," .., ',," .... ...... .. "".". n . ,." . J. iONGSUQ LIBRARY HISTORY GAINESVILLEPLA> r 12601 SINCE 1879 I f , Pity .LltJt Ak Y t I .. tflA..HlSIOR ' ... ; :.;: ..;. : The Sweetest Strawberries This Side of HeavenVol. { ' .96 STAKKE, FLORIDA Cents No.4' Thursday,August 22.1971 Copy . ., :,,,,'\'HI/oh.! /. '..1;'.' \ ." .. .' ,.",.,..,,\ ,,.'f., '; ... 1 : '>''Jv.I.: "'I" "," ""If.lt"'t1f/,i :, 'x,2.1' : ;, ', 1 I.'" \", ,!.- 'f l(,,, '. . 'r \: )l i"i" : at 1 -j' : .4F:rt r :fhn i ry, ?J':" \ ,., Santa Fe S . . . 4r ,, 4'J" I " # "' ) 'I : . ,. '';<< ,Li '. 'pr 1 ,1I" '' .IlttUlv'q iit\; I \.,<,J' wam.p !;, ,,:' :!,'1: I: . to. , , " r' , .... I ,I ' " : ,.,.\ . f"\ jtj41 ; t Purchase Pushed lit'' '(":" ..,', '" \ ,, t : Plan Council -t1 .} By f 4x Recommendation that the fLJWLLj qtryy. Santa Fe Swamp in Bradford - I . THE School and Alachua Countiesbe ,, HINGES! 'J considered by the Stateof Florida for purchase THE under the Environmentally - Opens DOORS! Endangered Lands i iN Program was made in a I II I J recent report released by the North Central Florida MondaySchool Regional Planning Council.The . r ait , ; i t'MF. "" 5,527-acre swamp almost wholly owned by Mrs starts Monday, Aug. Dorothy K. McMillan of 26. with a few changes for Charlotte. N.C., is recognizedas some 4,107 Bradford County 1 an important rechargearea students ending their two for the Florida Aquifer month summer vacation. and said to be endangered by Lunch prices have been ;> the possibility that it might be raised a nickel in all Bradford purchased in the future and County schools and pre-school .t&I drained for housing or other children can start first gradeat type development. Ecologists five years of age without a have predicted that draining year of kindergarten the swamp would seriously "talking about children extremely :- alfect the water supply of this Li L--- ready," and who can section of Florida. qualify under an extensive JI Gainesville recently movedits testing program.Those water supply system from r students whose l the Paine's Prairie area __ parents feel can be entered southwest of Gainesville to a into first grade at five years of location in northeast age, must apply for an application I e Gainesville where its wells for testing by Sepi i I \ apparently tap the aquilci tember 4, from Cirriculum partially supplied by (tin Former State Senator and Secretary or State Richard The new scrubber reaching 73 (feet into the sky has been powered by a 200 h.p, motor lower right, through/ the Coordinator Richard Jockel.An (Dick) Stone, right, is ho"nith Union Sheriff John Santa Fe Swamp installed at the National Protein rendering plant near gigantic! drum which sprays the air with water and old state law was that Whitehead at the latter's ancestral ranch New Itiver. The Interagency Planning;! near I Hampton to eliminate odors which drew complaints during themicals to remove any odorous solid particles. children had to be six: before Democrat Committee (I IPC>I. a state- Stone is hop ing to open the door to the U. S. Senate public Iwal'ingir is pulled from the plant by a huge fan January 1 but a new law states seat being vacated by Republican Sen. Edward Gurney and agency, has approved this the younsgers have to be six Whltt'headas area as qualifying for a helping Saturday by hosting some 3,000) ) during the school Florida bond year. people from across north Florida in one the sheriff's one-of-a- program &:/1 Bradford High School developed to provide for the kind rallies. It was just. corny north Florida politics, as Stone students will classes begin at purchase of environmentally NewAirScrubberlnstalled14t seems to Illdit'att'Ith the ear on which he was chomping( 8:50: a.m. until 3:10: p.m. and endangered lands.: but will report Monday to the BUS recommended that any move Football stadium for an toward acquistion of the Santa Assembly and information Stone And Fe headwaters be deferred concerning schedules. Lunches 3,000At until all other qualified Hampton Rendering PlantInstallation will be 55 cents per proposals for environmentally student each day in the school endangered lands have been ..... " -' cafeteria. considered.In . of a gigantic air the duct work from the plantto will have a purity approaching ground and cooked for a Bradford Middle School Chicken Bog making its report, the scrubber and purifier is the scrubber.In 100 percent and will period of several hours and students will begin school at North Florida Regional nearing completion at the operation the air will be be free of odor National the animal fats removed. The 8:43: a.m. until 3 p.m. To Planning Council said the rendering plant facility drawn from the cookers inside Protein officials claim resulting end product is a very determine which room a Richard ( Dick ) Stone form 01 "blue grass" music, state should purchase the operated by the National the plant and into the scrubberby The National Protein Plant dry fine meal, rich in protein. student has been assigned to, former Secretary of State and and some of the political swamp area if the Bradford Protein Company north of a 200( horsepower electric at Hampton is one of only two The dry meal is used as a the pupil should go to the current candidate for U.S. promises: floating t around County Board of) Count! Hampton. motor operating an exhaustfan. of its kind in the state. The protein rich supplement in the information tables located Senate, was the honor guest, were slightly corny, too--but itwas Commissioners fail to trine Expected to be put into other is located near Pensa- manufacture of chicken feed outside by the gymnasium. but a flock of other candidates a great old-fashioned suitable land use and /.oninj! operation in about two weeks In the process of removingthe principally, but is also used in Lunches will be 55 cents per state and local political rally. such as only regulations for adequat- the specially designed system air it is washed and cola.Raw products received for other kinds of animal foods. student each day. couldn't pass up the op- North and West Florida can protection of this area. \ will provide for the cleansed by a special water processing are brought to the The plant's present production Starke Elementary students portunity to "mix: andmingle" produce. Some 3,000 to 4,000 such move has so far !been elimination of obnoxious odors treatment inside the scrubberand plant in specially designed is about 150 to 160 tons per will report at 8:50: a.m. until at a combination political bulfs from an made by the Bradford Zoning emanating from the animal then subjected to a transport trailers from Plant month. There are 35 regular 2:43: p.m. Students names will chicken "bog" and barbecuelast estimated 30 counties Board or the County Commission - by-products rendering plant. chamical treatment for the City, Jacksonville, Alachua employees and some part be on a roster outside of the Saturday afternoon at streamed in from the time the although L M According to Plant Superin-- removal of solid particles and Gainesville and consistsof ( time workers at the Hampton main office to tell which room Sheriff John Whitehead's first of 1.400 chickens came off Gaines, county zoning tendent Roger Jones the 75 before final exhaustion from waste products after facility. The weekly payroll is the pupil has been assigned to. ancestral farm just across the the grill at 1 pm. until after director, said he planned to foot high structure is being the scrubber. slaughter of hogs, cows and over $5,000 and the plant has Lunches will be 45 cents per Union County line. sundown, some eight hours confer with Alachua County installed at a total cost of The cleansed and purifiedair chickens. been in operation for two student, each day. There was corn boiled in the later. Dancing and con- officials in a joint effort to $80,000, and was originally treated by the scrubber The waste products are years. (See (Page 4)) shuck, musical corn in the versation continued several peed up purchase of the scheduled for completion in hours longer, until around swamp lands by the state. February. midnight. "The swamp serves as a Certain material shortages, water storage area and is vitalto including steel, needed for the School Budget Okayed After 6-Hour SessionHebert Stone himself a product of the water conservation construction of the scrubberhas the Miami "Gold Coast," program of Bradford and caused a lengthy delay in seemed right at home among Alachua counties." Gaines getting the project completed. After more than six hours of calling for an 8.5 percent roll- same amount of taxes, some change," Hall said, but his fusion in which board the corn-fed crowd and got said. Remaining to be done after explanation by Supt. Jim back in property assessments.That $389,000, as the 5.497 rollback motion to adopt the resolutiondied members sought advice from into the spirit of the thing by Robert McVitey. the final assembly of the Temple the Bradford school Hall said, would make figure. for lack of a second. The Supt. Temple and Board rendering a harmonica solo representative of the Florida structure is the completion ofia board last Thursday night put the 6.3373 mills the board is "I'm going to recommend to resolution was thoroughly dis- Attorney Gene Shaw. The (with a sour note at the end, Board of Trustees of the In- its final stamp of approval on being forced to levy raise the the tax assessor for a cussed during a period of con- attorney said the board had which he apologized for) and a ternal Improvement Fund, .'" ... the $6.635: million 1974-75 made its point simply by dis- spoon-clacking routine which told Gaines that inquiries had "w cussing the matter. was quite a feat t, what with his been received from Alachua { 1tvt aa1nIIritr: ( l budget."You've done somethinggood Murder "That the gross taxable right arm in a sling--result of County concerning the portionof .. Charge DroppedGuy an exhuberant but ill-advised -. -< for Bradford County and value be reduced from the swamp contained in that attempt to jump the net aftera its above partisan politics," $115,710,165 to $98,000,000 for county. McVitey suggested Supt. Temple told the weary Wayne Riddell 56, of discharging the rifle, the said that physical Bradford County or 8.5 per recent tennis match. coordination of efforts by the board members about 1:30: Starke was released from bullet killing Mrs. Riddell. evidence at the scene of the cent. By so doing, the stated But then Stone is no two counties and the North a.m. Friday hen the meeting Bradford County jail Monday, Batten jumped Riddell a shooting supported the mandated millage of .0063373 stranger to the Whiteheadfarm Florida Regional Planning .. which began at 7 p.m. August 19, following dismissalof second time and a second testimony of Hiddell.Batten's and the tax yield therefrom as having attended severalof Council in behalf of protectingthe .,.<'<'.... Thursday, Aug. 15, was charges for second-degree bullet struck BaUen.Absentee wife testified that applied to the 1974 tax: roll, Sheriff Whitehead's annual swamp lands. , .. ' :0<" ,_ gaveled to a close by Chair- murder and assault with intent she heard only two shots, would be the same dollar "birthday parties" which are The Regional Planning 0'-=- man Seeber Goodman. Budget to commit murder. Ballots confirming Riddell's value as produced by the ten pretty much a replica ofSaturday's Council report pointed out that figures are unchanged from Riddell was charged with statement ((10)) mills as annlied to the rally. the swamp lies between two those announced the previoustwo second degree murder An autopsy indicated that (See Page!: 4)) Among the other state main highways, U.S. 301 and weeks,but a much clearer following the shooting death of Available Now the trajectory of the bullet candidates taking advantageof State 100 and would therefore"be Eastern Star picture was given last his wife, Clara Bell Riddell, Absentee ballots for the upward from the stomach to Fishing Trip Stone's candidate party were Tom expected to be influencedby Covered Dish Supper Thursday by Supt. Temple's 34. of Starke, on April 17 and coming Sept. 10 election are the heart was in agreementwith gubernatorial development pressures Adams state senate hopefuls, assault with intent to commit( ; generated by these two major Riddell's testimony. Nixed supplying 10-year comparison now available, reports ThiefA Saturday, August, 7 p.m, figures in broad categoriesand murder of Larry Batten, his Elections Supervisor Neva According to Sheriff Dolph By Buddy MacKay and Marion urban areas and lesser Pettit Rufus 0 Jefferson, a more detailed break son-in-law, on the same date. Flynn. Reddish, past lamily differences thief with a presumedtaste seeking; a seat on the District population concentration Masonic Hall down of expenditures.The Thestate dismissed charges Mrs. Flynn said all those indicated hostilityand for fish got away with Court of Appeals; and Sam between. The proposed area is budget carries with it a against Riddell after com- qulified electors eligible for ill-feelings of Batten the necessary equipment to Spector, candidate for the located near Santa Fe and ----- 6.3373 millage levy, .8 of a mill pletion of an investigation of the ballot should make toward Riddell, Herbert said. satisfy his hunger late State Supreme Court Little Santa Fe Lakes whichare higher than Tax Assessor the incident. RiCdell: had arrangements as soon as Saturday, August 17, to the in an area currently un- FLEAMARKETSaturday Gene Long's recommended claimed that the shooting was possible to vote absentee. dismay of R.L. Morgan. Stone made two brief dergoing fairly rapid growthby rollback figure of 5.497 mills. accidental. Deadline for voting via 011 t Worry... Shortly after 6 p.m. speeches during the af private home owners, August Regaling still the untenable Assistant State AttorneyKen absentee ballot is 7 p.m. Saturday afternoon, Morganhad ternoon, but perhaps he especially for vacation home 9 a.m Till Till . position of having to levy Hebert said the testimonyof September 10, but the Inches To Go his boat all set and ready should come back and repeat sites. millage set by the state, Supt Riddell and Batten varied required application to With nine inches of rain to go fishing after closing his them later, without so much Due to this development, the FIRST CHRISTIAN Temple conceded for the first widely, but the physical receive a ballot must be filled during the period August 1-19, barber shop on North Temple competition from the corn area has become the subjectof CHURCH time and the board agreed the evidence supported Riddell's out and returned to the the county still has five inches Avenue. shuckers, the blue grass boys, much concern primarily millage increase would have claim elections supervisor by 5 p.m. to go to equal the 50 year Just before taking off on the crying babies, and the airplane because the large number of West Call Street to be advertised as requiredby Batten's testimony Indicated September 9. Such applicationmay average of 14.03 for August. fishing trip Morgan returnedto droning 'overhead septic tanks being installed is a new Florida law. The advertisement that he circled the be made either in personin Louis Hill fire tower at the barbershop to ac- trailing a banner proclaiming causing a deterioration of." is printed in this home and Riddell fired at him the elections office in the Highland recorded the comodate a late calling "Panama City Is Rolling for water quality in these lakes. edition of The Telegraph with two times with a ,22 caliber county courthouse or by mail. heaviest rainfall during the customer. Upon his return to Dick Stone." Some attempts have been Ca.w.1 an accompanying notice, not rifle. Those eligible to receive week ending Monday, with 3.7 the boat, which was parked Saturday afternoon Union made to harvest timber in the r ' m (!! required by law. in which the Riddell said that Batten absentee abllots are: inches; Starke had 3.65 and behind the barbershop, -fish County was rocking for Dick swamps, but have not been tit Inmmunity&tntr board disclaims responsibility broke down a door of the home specifically disabled, those New River, 2.5 County hungry thief had removed Stone-but it is all "a matter of very successful because of the BankT for setting millage or making and struck Riddell and his who will be out of town on average for the week was 3.28. most of Morgan's fishing gear maintaining momentum up inacessibility of the area. property assessments. wife who were standing just election day, those who cannot Since January 1, the county from the boat.According until election day," according Mrs. McMillan owns 4,340 N.w .......,. Uo There wes a move Thursday inside the door at the time. attend the polls because of has had 45.78 inches of rain, to Police Officer to the candidate himself, acres of the swamp; William T. 120._ k* night, by1' Board Member The impact of Batten's blow religious beliefs, the poll more than two-thirds of the Scotty Rhoden's report four indicating his intention to Alderman, 271 acres; "..._.. Dgm.i --c- Rodney Hall, to have the knocked RiddeU and his wifeto workers and elections office annual 50-year average of rods and reels valued at $140 rolling until September Rayonier, Inc., 120 acres; and keep board adopt a resolution the flooij accidentally employees. 63.92 inches. were taken. Douglas Hardy 140 acres. ;t 'h" nr.; ... ,.. , "" ""''otp.t\\ , ",,"- !'\ ;..-I.(."':' Q1Iit "!! :::n: \ Page TKLKGKAPII August 22.1971 I Teachers Protest Transfer Of Aides Cole_Promoted. August 30 Is Contest I Deadline I At luau Saying teacher aides have Mrs Carole Shields, haven't asked you where half-pint for low fat chocolate. ding August 30 is the deadline for Complete) rules and entry proven invaluable to their In- grade teacher at ) thought I should cut," Farm Best had the milk bid The promotion of Cw4 mailing entries in the seventh blanks for the contest can be structional program, a small Elementary when Temple answered. last year.Authorized. Edward Cole (above) to the annual "The Highway and Its obtained from the Federal group of teachers Monday referred to his $16,000 the superin- supervisory position of Environment" contest, Highway Administration in night protested Supt. Jim fund for a $4.4 Temple's plan to reassign operating budget we had the opportunity that the board accepts its offerof Foreman atth'Combined Highway Administration to Information Office, Florida seven such non-professional "We all that the board" without your 25.36 cents per gallon, Support Maintenance Shop, recognize efforts) of in- Department of Tran- personnel to increase his weak balance agree too low your Mrs. Ferguson exclusive of state and federaltax ft1lr Florida Army National dividuals, businesses or sportation, 605 Suwannee said is ) , reserve fund in the 1974-75 Verna Schmidt, first back. for its quota of 63,410 # +a, iter Guard, Camp Blanding, was government agencies in high- Street, Tallahassee, Florida Bradford school budget. teacher at ladies have proven gallons of regular gasoline. announced yesterday by Col.( way beautification.First 32304. Plans are to transfer the in our reading That was the only chance the Harry M. Hatcher, JI" second and third Elementary ? ----------- seven aides to the Title 1 said Mrs. Carolyn board had to Director of . "I recognize, ladies, purchase gas at Maintenance.Cole prizes will be awarded in 10 FOR SALE: Magnifying glassesof program of the federally another Southside less than street prices. has been employedwith which will there is categories all sizes with handles. At subsidized Elementary and always an "I can't teach the Dealers which did not have the Support Maintenance recognize outstanding about 'from The Office Shop. Secondary Education Act. comes'," of program I "teach today the school's business in 1972, Division, FANG, for 26 years. examples of: stated, This would free some $26,000to Temple the aides, said Mrs. which Gulf did, cannot bid on h. the teachers had ..... .... .... ..... JIIU. ... . pad the $16,000 reserve who also reminded the because their present -- --- ---- ---="" --- -- :rI! : : subject in gas ..r iI6I1'''''''' 11III'' ioafY'I.rice -- - Tuesday up superintendent he has just account, but would mean quota is based on 1972 and seven aides would have to bused special meeting praised the Improve- they cannot get the gas. to work only with disad- "There are other in the reading program stressed Supt. Temple to the vantaged children. think you could cut," still boils down to whereI 1 board the gas is for the school 1 1 . "Yes, we understand that, Mary Agnes Ferguson I it should be spent," bus transportation system for we just don't agree," said superintendent. .stated. getting students to school and home again. Other uses of don't want what is REGULAR ELECTION for the you children Mrs. buses may see school agencies increases 1 Sept 1974 persisted. purchase gas at street prices, HAMPTON, BRADFORD COUNTY, definitely do," Temple he said, such as for field trips SEPTEMBER 10,1974 and athletic trips. by MALONE other acton Tuesday the board: Koren To Head -------- the 74-75 school Signature T Elector contract to Skinner's Initial of Jacksonville at 9.5 Teachers Group! per half-pint for whole $120.00 1 MOO suing Mrs. Louise milk, and 10 cents per Koren, 8th .tcfi pleas No.___. ____________ grade history and social studies teacher at Bradford EA. PIECE Mattress or box spring --- ---- AJQHA Middle School, was elected -- +- ITWIN SIZE Stub No. 1) Monday to succeed herself as O> ( president of the Bradford -a. Education Association. !Mrs Koren was elected to a E REGULAR ELECTION : Jr., son of Florida Doyle second term 82-58 over Mike of Agriculture Reddish, DCT advisor at 2 HAMPTON, BRADFORD COUNTY, Conner, was elected Bradford High with some 135 of the American educators voting Monday i SEPTEMBER 10, 1974 Quarter Horse afternoon. , Initials (A.J.Q.H.A.) at John Snell, career specialistat s 1 suing convention recently BHS, was elected vice- e. No.______________.__ Oklahoma. president for 1974-75 after a 18-year-old Conner has run-off election with Vickie 1 I raising fine quarter Beal, third grade teacher at ------- with his dad for years Southside Elementary Other REGAL MAJESTY t I I (Stub No. 2) has been active in the 74-75 BEA officers are Mrs. , since its In- Mary Agnes Ferguson, SS / in 1970. He served as a kindergarten teacher. i INNERSPRING rr1 fFJ9.I! director for the past secretary, and Mrs Susan f CITY ELECTION LIFEBEST B"I years and represented Scott, Brooker Elementary or 6" FOAM RUBBER .. \ at all of the teacher, treasurer. The latter HAMPTON. BRADFORD COUNTY, . national con- were named in an election last SEPTEMBER 10, 1974 At this year's summer. ) and show, which Bradford teachers also representatives from 38 voted overwhelmingly for OF TWO WORLDSOLD Make a Mark X opposite the name of the and 2 Canadian unification with the Florida Florida placed Education with no national your choice in overall ratings. affiliate. Alachua County WORLD HAND CRAFTSMANSHIP NEW WORLD SPACE AGE MATERIALS president of the teachers made that move in Available in twin double, and king sizes. June and queen ., Conner will be in since Gilchrist, FOR MAYOR Ohio in October to Levy, and now Bradford have the All-American made the same move. NEW Square Deep Dacron Puff-Quilted Cover Vote For Term One Local professional teacher One Yearn Horse Show Congress New Regal, with the luxurious surface softness of deeply Puff- organizations) heretofore have TORSION COIL is the largest horse Quilted Dacron, is the most comfortable bedding in the world. ARTHUR BRUNO in the world. The been affiliated with both the Surface Regal's heart is the revolutionary new square Torsion Coil, engineered - month he will be in FEA, the state organization, ." Softness to give a gently soft sleeping surface with deep-down firm LONNIE THOMPSON ,Kentucky at the 1st and the National Education .'}. :;::'y BlocK Innersuppo, Old World Craftsmanship and New World Space Age Quarter Horse Association It is felt, r. ." ____ __ ____. materials make Regal, by Malone, the finest mattress In the world. ..!E CHARLES WILLIAMSON National Finals.TIIXIWADIOIU school however funds, that in Florida since come most Comfort See it, try It at your favorite furniture or department store. C. eaaa.r.o from the state that more Block 'I New "Torsion Coil" Box Spring : ) emphasis is needed at tN ill' ----1.-- ('Ul'Nn'' state level from teachers FOR MARSHAL .. nUat\PII; organizations, Mrs Block has been designed especially for the Regal mattress. Torsion ** every Thursday Koren. says ___ __ Coil gives, extra strength and support to the box spring. The c atl.MW.!: Call Street 2 Torsion Coil combination of mattress and box spring Is the finest Vote For One Term One Year Starke, Florida :tiom I Since part of dues paid Comforl luxury sleeping in the world. which were $80 last year but Block ('lus, po"tI/IC"Iaid/ which have not been set this __ __ _ __ Torsion Coil is found only in Regal by Malone. R. H. PARKER al Slark. Hoi l hl l.i year, will no longer go to , !NEA, more money should be {AJAlOHg *jATTmrtf available for the local FROM COAST TO COAST ' FRED PHILLIPS SuhvcrlptloaHole'I; .. Climatized for lit Seasons Inlsud./ren/ : $11.111I111'1'| organization, Mrs Koren DENNIS (BUDDY) ROARK year: Sl.Vlsix ""11I111... says. That money will be ) activity needed in for the increased BEA LLV1ttIi1 !I1iJb I Outside uilr in'<>n: $1.-u coming year your: 1$1..uo( six months !Mrs. Koren says. AT FOR COUNCILMANVote "THE TRXPHYER'S VOICE" .... For Two Term Two Years : ".... -' TED CURTIS, SR. a:1: ; i For ,OUtFIttER.Denmark LES Furniture Co. Of Starke' LESLIE JONES li tr v ? GHASTAIN i n <! i m-i-rin .mn M.Il l{ RALPH E, TRISLER 44 ri- -,' FOR i EVELYN VAUGHAN ;' I1"J. COUNCILMRNGROUP i 3 ---SEPTEMBER IO. 1374 For Appointive Chief of Police . . . . Resident Ol 134 W CALL ST. PHONE 964-5827 STARKE FLORIDA 37 years Representative Of The PeoplePaid Against Appointive Chief of Police . ( Pol Ad) aWE ><0 SHOULD BE EDUCATING OUR CHILDREN TO j USE THEIR HANDS AS WELL AS THEIR MINDS. OUR FUTURE RESTS IN THESE HANDS. BUDDY MacKAY HAS BEEN LEADING THE FIGHT ., t''\ FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN FLORIDA. . "'\ . ,.\ r' Buddy Mackay has fought to reorganize the state department of education to place greater em- I phasis upon vocational education, and to fundourumversitiesto provide the resources to serve our manpower and training needs.The |job demands in Florida today require trained skills, people who : : can use their hands carpenters, plumbers, auto mechanics, nurses, and others. For sill years Buddy t b MacKay has fought for programs to meet these needs and has sponsored and passed laws to assure ;. : and allocate the resources lor these needs We must be able to offer every child in our state "as the opportunity to benefit from our educational system, and to achieve his or her maximum use of v r ability,whether through vocational or academic education. ,t "4 v WE SHOULD DEMAND NOTHING LESS AND BUDDY MacKAY BELIEVES WE SHOULD AC- CEPT NOTHING LESS. C Pd. Pol. Adv. by Malcolm R. Duggan, Jr., Campaign Treasurer. 4eIts;.,l 'BUDDY'IVIacKAY . l e .. .1 ' .. .w."t\" ''''' ... ..... ,-. .. "" .. ,... .. "...... .....'"... ......"M.QI\'V.'n'-\ .,,. ..,, ""' "" .. ," ''' '' '' ', " .. ".,' '' ".. .. ....' .." .. ",.. "." ... """.. ,,,,.,, ,, , August 22.1971 TELEGRAPH Page ' I Lightning Causes Blackout From Lake City To Palatka ; ''f, I II I .... Loss of electricity from a lightning arrester on one of Palatka to locate the trouble in some areas of the store lunches, bank deposits could I Lake City through to Palatka the main transmission lines spot. The trouble was found could have led to shoplifting.One not be reported by machine or $ and in Keystone Heights for Monday night, but failed to within minutes on SR-18 in patron of the Keystone any deposits made throughthe ' around an hour and 45 minutes blow the unit until around Graham between Brooker and Beauty Shop had to have her automatic tellers but I Tuesday was attributed to Tuesday at 11:15: a.m. US301. Power was restored to hair combed out damp, the other than that, business in ' heavy electrical storms experienced Lightning u.ually just gets Lake City within half an hour. drug store couldn't serve Keystone seemed to go alongas r over the last week. distribution lines which don't Millican stated he regrets sandwiches on toast or hot usual. 'I Tommy Millican assistant cause power shortage to sucha inconvenience caused the _ manager of Clay Electric vast area and is not as customers and especially Cooperative in Keystone difficult to restore, Millican commercial districts, becauseof Traffic Light Not NeededAt _ Heights, stated after power power shortage. had been restored, that said.Around 15 vehicles patrolledthe While power was out in the evidently lightning had struck lines from Lake City to Keystone area Clay Electric Starke Shopping CenterDepartment phones rang constantly. - Millican stated the I Candidate Judge Of Dist. Court cooperative is able to handle of Tran- Tucker Mayor-Commissioner Neil that traffic requested Chief around six calls per minute sportation says Rufus O. Jefferson, He is married to the former and it probably handled, with signals are not needed at this Bowen to prepare copies of the -- 18 traffic the flow of accidents so that he six in time for controlling Tallahassee attorney and Barbara Beckman of phones operation could initiate judge of the Juvenile Court for Jacksonville and is the fatherof around 600 calls or more. traffic on US-301 at Bradford Governor's an appeal to the 16 years, has announced as five girls. Customers were turned Square Shopping Center. .Highway Safety candidate for Judge of the away from local service In a letter dated August 16 Department.The District Court of' Appeals, stations which were unable to from D. Littlefield, Traffic of the trouble spot is expected CHEVROLET Watson's Food Operations Engineer Group 1. His legal experience pump gasoline. worsen in the near future DOT, read at the city com- includes service as legal Store closed its doors until when McDonald's for assistant to the Governor in power was restored. missioners meeting Tuesday business opens just across the street 1955-57, and as assistant At One cashier stated she had August 20, the commissioner'swere from the Bradford Square advised that the resultsof torney General, 1952. to crank the cash register by Center In announcing, !Mr Jefferson hand while another cashier a recently completed traffic said, "I believe my 15 punched the buttons. She also survey concluded that there need at this time for OLDS was no years: experience at the trial stated another reason Wat- court level, along with yearsof son's closed the doors to the installation of traffic Keystone Bank to control the flow of that darkness signals private legal practice and customers was in that traffic qualify published me legal for this writings position.well I Roping Club area.fast moving Wins DepositOf am mindful of the grave the The Starke city commissioners Police and END OF THE YEQRLEARANCJ responsibilities inherent in the Bradford County Roping Department $200,000 position, for in the majority of Club invites all residents of concerned about a great of traffic accidentsthat number cases this is the court of final Bradford County and adjoin- Bid on a $200.000 certificateof appeal" s ing areas for games and have occurred since the deposit good for 30 days has Among his many civic and frolics every Saturday nightat opening of the shopping center been awarded by the Bradford legal activities, Jefferson was the Fairgrounds at 7:30: requested the DOT to conducta School Board to the Keystone president of the Florida p.m. for enjoyment and entertainment traffic study that would State Bank at 11 percent in- serve to reduce the tea est. Council on Crime and y probability of auto accidents. Keystone State Bank won Delinquency in 1967-68, and Police Chief Jimmy Bowen out over Florida First received the Jaycee c 1 said that 18 accidents have National Bank of Jacksonville Distinguished Service Award 1 1 occurred in the last six in I960.! ...n3 months involving vehicles which percent.was second high at 10.51 turning off of US-301 into the The$200,000 is a portion of a parking area or to those regular monthly paymentfrom 3 HFTER BUY2PLUGS pulling out of the parking area the state in education onto 301. funds, according to Business INVENTORY The letter contained no Manager Eddie Douglas, recommendations for the which won't be needed for needed traffic control, but salaries and the like until late NOW IS THE TIME TO SAVE AT F. P. C. 2-QtS. OIL said that traffic signals were September when teachers not needed. receive their first paycheck of HOLIDAY INVISIBLE and the new school year. Flea Collars 50% OFF 2BOTTLESFLAT Crosby Home deposit The 30-day will earn certificate the school of 1 1t SERGEANTS & BANSECT PROOF Broken Into board some $1,800, accordingto Flea Collars Cog a Cat 20% OFF The home of Jimmy Crosby Other Douglas.banks bidding on the and Jr. on West Adkins Street and deposit were First National ol 4 LB. BAG 5% Johnson's Feed Store on East Gainesville at 10.055 percent, Brownlee Street were broken the Community State Bank of I Sevin Dust 20% OFF SAVE$370with into,according to reports filed Starke and Bank of Green I with the Starke Police Cove Springs, both at 10 THEY/I DUST OR GRANULES Department percent; Farmers and Chlordane 20% Thieves entered the Crosby Dealers Bank of Lake Butlerat OFF thisCOUPON home August 12 or 13 by 9.5 percent; Florida Bankat HOLIDAY prying; the screen from a back Starke and Barnett Bank of door of the residence. Jacksonville at 9 percent. Foggers 15% OFF Removed trom the premiseswas Declining to bid because of a a stereo record player lack of collateral available at and tape deck, 48 tape car the time were the Sun Bank of No. 835 Sarlo NOW IN STOCK tridges and 40 record albums Gainesville Atlantic Nationalof valued at $668.50. Jacksonville, American JAWA CZ The break-in is still under National of Jacksonville, and Lawn El/Sower/ investigation by Captain First National Bank of Harold Crews. Gainesville. CALIFORNIASTREET 21" Cut 3'% HP BIKES 2 001 STARKESEA 8" Adj. Wheels 175cc & 125cc FOODCENTER D Also I Nursery Plants 10% OFF 400 GRAND PRIX LOOK AT THESE SRI/INGS MOTOCROSSERe UNDER NEW Water Hose 20 * % OFF MANAGEMENTOpen SCIENCE LIQUID OR DUST 1973>/ 14 Impala 4 Door Sedans Insectidices 20% 350 HONDA Six days a week OFFR 3 Impala 4 Door Hardtop Sedans L COMPRESSED AIR IMMACULATE 9:00: a.m til 7:00: p.m. Tank Sprayers 15% OFF $775 All! kinds of 3 Impala Coupes 197-1 Our 25th Anniversary Year Pull tin. at Hodaha ft ChaparralmolurcyCles , alto Dura Go-Cart andMmi-Biktt.Part A accessorieslor Florida Fish in SeasonEVERY all makes and modelsSTARKE Lopes EST GARDEN CENTER CYCLE PURCHASE HAS A MONEY BACK GUARANTEE 15 Chevelle Malibu Classic Coupes OMTIOL. 539 East Call St CENTER Come see us-you hear Almost All Colors PH. 964-5745 207 N Tempi Starke a tM ca. 964-6020 212 WASHINGTON AVE. 2 Novas 964-8740 VOTE FOR and RE-ELECT 5 Vegas - 1 S 20 Pickups (Most Any Modell FromCheyenne [E j; C'(LCL!( (]tt cv; ITCLT( (IJemHnu to Stand e 6 ) : : : 4 C4CCgLfgrE( (! ; DON'T SETTLE FOR LESS All The Above Cars Are Ready tecCJ [ (LCLrC I ( UCIIGJ STAY HEALTHY ) t'CCfc'CCEGL [ A Oftentimes In our desire to cut corners 1 To Go we take chances that we probably would not ___ ( r Lid' PCC E4L take otherwise. In some things you can getaway with this and not suffer too much of a COME ON OUT and TAKE ONE HOME it involves the status of penalty. But when L LCgL( ; \\ LCgCCgqscO ( ( ( your health shortcuts can be more than dan- _ ti. i S V gerous.We suggest that you. consult your physician. (We're Wheelin' and Dealin') .._ fl If you suspect an Illness and that you then do exactly what he says to do. If he elves you a SCHOOL written prescription have It filled at once. EnJoy - SEEBER GOODMAN BOARD good health-don't settle for 1_. It Only Takes A Minute To Get A Better Deal! MEMBER YOU OR YOUR DOCTOR CAN PHONE US when need a delivery. We will deliver you lie is running on his own record. He is now Chairman of the promptly without extra charge. A great many. School Board. people rely on ui for their health needs. We welcome requests for delivery service and charge Seeber D. Goodman V accountei im will continue to be conscientious fair impartial and loyal to the i Phone 964-6757 . office and the people. lie will continue to work for better For Dependable Deliveries 301 IOltts }El1/a 964.75OO cooperation between schools and the community' closer: relations between parents and teachers. He will continuously KOCH'S DRUGS STARKE FLORIDA"Sooner work for adequate facilities for better education in keeping with modern times and will always keep an open mind on the 166 W. Call e *+l-T4 Starke, Fla. problems of education.Paid or Later Your Favorite ( Political Advertisement, by Seeber D. Goodman)*: K K K K Dealer"t '" , TKLKGIIAI'H August Z2.1971 I Demo Rally Dates Set School Budget............................................................ School Starts. Hearing Set In From( Page 1) (From Page 1)) 1974 tax roll and Bradford It was nearing 1 a.m. The proper certification of millageto Lawtey Elementary I Dates for four Democratic to work out details of the County property owners board was still silent. the board. The attorney students will begin! classes at Extortion TryA political rallies were set at a rallies with Mrs. Lucille would find immediate "It galls know Hampton relief me as you to argued that telephone calls 8:30: a.m. until 2:15: p.m. of the meeting Bradford Green as chairman Harry from their tax burden," states have to run that advertise. and memorandums do not Students names will be on a County Democratic Executive Green, Elizabeth Walker, and the conclusion of the ment," Temple began again. constitute certification. roster outside on each preliminary hearing is set Bruno. Threats of property Committee August 13. Jimmy Crosby. Starting time resolution.The "This budget is that he has damage to the Hampton water argued not dates Temple classroom door. Lunches will at 2:30: p.m. today (Thursday, to Hampton Rally and locationare and and other details will be announced resolution offeredto palatable to any of us. Fundsare received sufficient certification be 45 cents per student each Aug. 22)) in County Court on works both owned was by : Store, next week. not there. If you recall to satisfy him and 66 other two local men charged with General August 27 Brooker In other business atTuesday's counter a possible move to back in the Spring, we said Florida school boards."If day.Southside Elementary attempting to extort money the mayor, were made unlessa Farmers Market. meeting, Mrs. Lila roll millage back to Long's there would be $45 the board in that Arthur certain amount of money supply you get students will report at 8:45: from Hampton Mayor The August 30 Lawtey City Rae Yawn was elected recommended figure. money (per student) in the fix, it'll be your responsibility a.m until 2.45: p.m. Students Bruno. was turned over. hall secretary of the committee, rollback\ motion never came. school." Hardy has been charged as high (Actually, thereis Temple told Shaw. will be roster names on a September 3 Hampton and !Mrs Sylvia Reddish, "We were prepared for anything $29.50 now.) "I'll take the Charles Lester McCullough, a principal in the first degree outside each classroom Elementary School.September treasurer. Guy Andrews is ," Supt. Temple said "A few people out there responsibility.I'll on 31, of Hampton, and Dennis extortion attempt."I . be to take it the glad be are door. Lunch will 45 cents . Lee 27, of Starke are the real McCoy 6 Starke BUS chairman and Mrs. Lucille later. to make Hardy think its trying stadium.Allrallieswilistartatep. with political attorney replied from across per student each day. being held in county jail Chief Green, vice chairman. Supt. Temple pleaded mileage," Temple continued."If the states Deputy the board in a 15 minute post- room. Hampton Elementary following their arrest last Green of the Bradford .m. ------- we'd had a fairer press it "You'll get a fist in the students will report at 8:25: week the Bradford Robert discussion to by and candidates for state office midnight adopt would not be so bad," he mouth in a minute," Temple am. until 2:15. Students will Sheriffs ShenfrsDepartment.-------_ _ If Washington is the seat of the budget, which he said the Department. --- will speak after candidates for could not stated. stated, accusing Shaw ot "ill proceed to their class grade. has been FOR SALE: Lettering Guides - government, then the tax- board operate McCullough officesIt "It's time to put all this advising the board." Lunches will be 45 cents county per with extortion by Stickers stencils and tem is the payer pants pocketMickey without.we behind us," Temple cOn- "Oh, no. Oh, no," Shaw student each day. charged to At The Office Shop. Porter' in Akron Beacon pared this budget to telephone calls Mayor plates. was announced that the Journal tinued, calling for an end to replied waving a copy of the Brooker Elementary the bone. It is bone dry. Wecan't Lawtey Volunteer Fire without it partisan politics "that should state law, "This is the ]law." students will take in at 8:25: I Department would serve food operate have died two years ago." "I'm not worried about a.m until 2:15: p.m. Students at the Lawtey rally, and the The things we do at Temple stated. Finally veteran Board SALE Christmas touched that, said Temple of Shaw's names will be on a roster witha Charles Starke Woman's Club at the are Local resident Member H. A. Lawson movedfor referral to the law. "If you get outside of each classroomdoor. : final rally in Starke. Other certain grain of extravagance Johns backed Supt.. Temple on adoption of the .." . beautiful in the budget the board into that fix.. Lunches will be 45 cents will at as some that point. "Really super- for groups probably serve calling compliance wtih student each day. ways as the extravagance of intendent is right. The issue of Shaw countered mat the per law Hampton and Brooker, but the on levying the millage. have not been announced >et. nature in June. who should be blamed shouldbe Blaine Thompson gave the only box the board was being The school will not furnish SPINNERIN LATCH HOOK RUGS Robert Collyer quoted by Edward paper and pencil this term. completely secondary to hemmed into A committee was appointed I Murphy Woman Day second. The budget was approved - adoption of the budget. approve Changes to the Bradford Temple's budget 5-0 on a roll call vote Bus-Schedule requested by Chairman immediately.The County is 20% OFF printed on 13. Seeber Goodman. difference of opinionwas page Let Your Voice Be Heard! agreeing Supt. that Temple.the millage while second more time calmly as discussed Shaw explained a Monday Teachers,Aug.19 started,for their work pre- SELECTED: PATTERNS planning period. Students will to the board that legal increase must be advertisedas attend school for 180 days with certification should consist of per state law a one- school ending next June 6, a ELECT a letter containing the Department quarter page with type size at In between Friday. in ad- least 18 points, inch high, of Education seal and fh /.t dition to Labor Day Sept. 2, . and in two editions of a signature the commissionerof will there be two days vaction SPENGLER newspaper a week apart, education or authorized re- at Thanksgiving, Nov. 28-29; suggested the board run a presentative. at 10 days Christmas Dec. 23- second advertisement on top Temple responded that the January 7; and five days of dte of the required one. The millage as required by the Spring vacation, March 31- I School'Board Member T second ad, which also appearsin state would not fluctuate April 4. In addition there will this edition of The further and the board had no be six teacher planning dayson ' Telegraph disclaims any responsibility legal option but to accept the which students will have a / District by the board for 6.3373 mills and advertise the 'holiday, set for Sept. 20, Nov. d setting millage. and assessing increase in the paper for a 27, Jan. 6, Jan. 24, March 10, 1517 BESSENT ROAD property.As public hearing. In addition, and April 28.Teachers . I, PAT SPENGLER, Want To Serve You On I 1L/ required by law the boardis .337 mills\ will be levied for will\ work 196 STARKE HA Your School Board. -. advertising the millage debt service, as voted in the days, making their year end PHONES 964-5149 964-6300 increase this week, August 22 past. next June 12. and has the first of two I, PAT SPENGLER, Will Represent Your Dol- required public hearings set Hitting at property lar In Investment. S ii for 7 p.m. Monday, Aug. 26. assessments which have increased SAVE PINTO SAVE MAVERICK SAVE The millage increase ad, with by 96 percent, almost I, PAT SPENGLER the board's accompanyingcounter double, this year in Bradford CD! C Realize You Have A Very Valuable Investment In Your attack will be printed County, Shaw referred to Child's Education And Future.I again in the August 29 editionof school systems as the "scape- 1CO The Telegraph and the goat" in traditional COo I PAT SPENGLER, Also Realize Your Dollar Investment, If Not Carefully And second required public maneuvering to increase Novfsflee Wisely Spent, Can Cause You To Pay Even More In Taxes Than in 1974. weeks hearing,of required the Aug.within 29 two advertisement property property values.values Statewide have not, will be set when jumped anywhere near 96 I, PAT SPENGLER, Want To Represent You On Your School Board, Help Protect > the board meets Monday. percent, the attorney con- Your Investment Continue Our School System As One Of The Best In The Attorney Shaw told the tended. 10 fale( State,And Let You Speak Through Me As A Board Member. certification group that the of law school states millage that LLJ COm must be received from the < State Department of Education dealer Please Accept My Sincere Thanks And Appreciation For Your Vote before the board is And Active Support In My Race For Your School Board Member obligated to levy 6.3373 mills. COo 19 "Mr. and I District No. 2. Please Tell Your Neighbors, Friends And Relatives this point Temple which was agree the on 2 They Need Pat Spengler On YOUR School Board. reason for that flare-up a few t ..rryP forarkie. -- _ minutes ago," Shaw said. r ccUJ O During a recess of the (Paid Political Advertisement, by Judy Dukes,Campaign Treasurer) board Shaw and Temple aOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOQOOOHaOOOOOOOOOOOOPOOOOOOOOOOOOOOi argued as to what constituteseoooooooooooBoooii :P1l1 jRx rQ lQ Special MUSTANG II COm i i ii i i ii -- -- , i i ii I' : :- Sunday is "DEACON LLJ No. 2919 i i DAY" at the First Baptist 3050 :: = > -- .-" Church of Starke. Meet our \ p .,', :f:--. Deacons and their families N 4-SPEED RADIO s: D : and hear our pastor preacha rJ_ ) message deacons.on the ministryof COO WHITE WALL TIRES Plus tax, tag & title m<=i i i ii -- ( 1.. okl 33o oozE n i i ii Sunday Messages: I.- i i ii Z i i 11:00: a.m. SPECIAL ON ALL 1974 MODELS IN Your VAN H. PRIEST STORE. "Deacons"Real 7:30 Greatness"The and p.m.Decking" STOCK WHICH WERE PURCHASED CO IS READY FOR BACK TO SCHOOL AGAIN Friendly Folk of First >LLJCO BEFORE THE PRICE INCREASE THIS IS THE 50TH YEAR Baptist invite you to loin < m them in celebration ol) the . 11 AND OUR ASSORTMENT IS THE BEST YET! new life in Sunday.Jesus Christ this ON SALE AT BIG SAVINGS TO OUR 11ii i IT WOULD BE HARD TO THINK OF ANY "THE CHURCH WITH a CUSTOMERS.WHILETHEYLASTI! HEART IN THE HEART i SCHOOL ITEM THAT WE DO NOT HAVE OF H D ii cn BIC PEN PACKAGE .87 VALUE Now 49c Phone i4542 Hl&D Zs 11 Free TransportationBEN ) 11 Filler Paper Composition Books Theme Fillers Legal Pads Graph Paper- BRYANT . 11 11 11 Stenographer Pads Typing Paper Duro Liquid Crayons- Clipboards Lunch Kits WILLIAM Pastor GEORGE LLJ TERWILLEGAR MOTORS CO Art Paper- Poster Paper Corner Min.of of Clark Music and 5CO 206 W. Madison Starke, 964-7200 m BIC STUDENT 5 STAR SPECIAL 5 PENS ON CARD 99 t Jefferson Street . MUSTANG Downtown Starke SAVE PINTO SAVE MAVERICKHAMBURGER i i ii BIC BANANA POROUS PENS 3 ON CARD .87 VALUE 59 $ . i i ii i ri i i i i ii i ii i ii Boys & Girls READY TO WEARGIRLS i i ii i i ii NO IRON DRESSES 3/6X $3.98 $5.98 ' i i ii i i ii GIRLS NO IRON DRESSES -7/14 $4.98 & 5.98 i i ii i i i ii i ii PETITE JUNIORS AND MISSES DRESSES ASSORTED STYLES Jff i i ii i i ii 7.98 TO $12.98 i r COME NOW WHILE SELECTION IS GOOD a i Li i i i ii i ii GIRLS PANTY HOSE .S9-.79 AND S1.OO i i i ii i ii UNDERWEAR OF ALL KINDS FOR BOYS AND GIRLS I i i iI i ii HANDKERCHIEFS, HOSE, SHOE STRINGS AND ALL THE HELPER i i i ii LITTLE THINGS NEEDED i i ii ii ii ii ii i BOYS NO IRON SHIRTS PLAIDS AND SOLIDS e/ie $2.98 It begins on the hoof and i i BOYS PANTS NO IRON PLAIDS SIZES 6 TO 18$3.98 it's called Gold Kist feed. FARMERS i i [ BOYS PANTS PERMAPRESS FLARE LEG 6 TO 18 $3.98 We make it for your beef [W MUTUALcattle i ii i t ti BOYS KNIT PANTS e-ia $5.98 just about or your any dairy other herd animals and you for EXCHAnGE i I II might raise. I I II II Ii Ii Ii Ii ONLY THE BEST AT PRIEST'S By the bag or in bulk at your i I i NO SECONDS NO REJECTS Farmers Mutual Exchange.Paget .. .(f f'M .. ". , I : ,''t" " i VAN H. PRIEST CO. . . i I II Ii Ii .u.. '. , i r ' i I i iI Downtown Starke I L, w>oo< OOQOOOOQOOOOCM 9OOOOOOOOOOOOQOOO< T . I August 22. 197-1! TELEGIIAI'll, I'ageS I 11 Dogs Bother Lake Butler Residents ; Author Will Autograph Copies of New Book I: And Leslie A. Davis, of 517 reared on a farm in New real estate publications; Friday, and copies will be Hogs Shouldn't Be There At All Haistens St., Starke,will be at England, and attended Clark found a modest and somewhat autographed for purchases by Dowling Produce Market College in Worchester, Mass., run-down cottage at a the author. Two members of the animal further action against the further at a special meeting of meeting is the limit of liabilityfor from 1 to 5 p.m. Friday, Aug. and Fitchburg Teachers reasonable price, and spent ----------- kingdom were the subjects the council and the board on "vandalism" damage. 23, to autograph copies of his College. the next year remodelling it FOR SALE: Typewriter and under discussion by the Lake offending partierAppintments Monday, Aug 26. Larry mystery story, "Pike's Although spending years as into a comfortable home, Adding Machine ribbons at Butler City Council Wed- of council -Approved a millage levyof Peninsula," which will be a school teacher and a farmer, doing most of the work The Office Shop. nesday, Aug. 14. members to five operational Powell,Recreation Director is 7.858 mills on the city's released by the publishers in his long-time avocation has himself.Mr. ------------ "I 1 get about three calls committees recommended by concerned about "vadalism" newly assessed value of September.Mr. been writing. He likes to write Davis has already FOR SALE: Tapes 3M double week about dogs," a Mayor John Shaw were ap- damage that might occur and $3,836,993, as certified by Davis has resided in stories in which children playa completed another novel, stick, 1/2 inch and 3/4 inch John Shaw said. "It's hard Mayor to proved. The committees are: the inability t t'?make payment Willard croft Tax Assessor. Starke for over year,coming leading part, although they which he hopes to have wide magic tape. Also explain to people that from the limited funds in his Last year's ,levy was 8.326 here from Interlachen wherehe are not children's books. published at an early date. Masking Tape 3/4 inch, 1 can't do anything about you FINANCE Margie Cason, recreation budget. Expectedto mills on an assessment of purchased his first Florida He first came to Starke in "Pike's Peninsula" will be inch, 1 1/2 inch and 2 inch a Chr., Bill White and John be resolved at the to advertisements in sale at this . stray dog, but that's what we Shaw. joint $3,352,961. property He was born and answer on Dowling's tape. All at The Office Shop.wHLI have to tell them." SANITARY Sharon - Councilwoman Sharon Minshew, Chr., T.S. Thomas, Minshew then gave a com- Jr. and Shaw.STREETT.S.. mittee report on the problemof .Thomas, Jr., stray and homeless dogs Chr.,Margie Cason and Shaw. ; and recommended that the ORDINANCE Margie city, in cooperation with the Cason, Chr., Sharon Minshewand county commissioners, set upa Shaw. & dog pound on the site owned UTILITIES Bill White, by Union County at the motor Chr., T.S. Thomas, Jr. and J lT7-Tr| vehicle inspection station. ShawIn A r Q c[ "The area is completely o - enclosed by a chain link fence other actions at Wed- [!3BliJffi( L t 1 and there are no houses within nesday's meeting, the L8 .a _ 300 yards," Mrs. Minshew council-Earmarked: the sum of :U.S. 301 South SHOPPING Starke Fla.' said.The suggestion was well $42,000 for the city's paving C NTER J 0 j 0 [ the council and account fund to be included in they vote to include the the new budget. _ project in the new budget,and -Received and Open Mon Wed 9 To 8 Thurs. Sat 9 To 9 Sun 12 To 6 approved the site for the dog approved a Crayola CRRNS J pound,subject to the approvalof addition petition of for record for the Go a o Sale Good Thursday-Sunday 22-25 August the an 11.818 acre plotof county commissioner's.Taking land on the southside of SW \ Golden "T"t , action , on a com- 7rl plaint raised by certain 11th Street. The proposal to .. i residents about hogs being annex is being the property to the city ""g CO"" 64 Ct. Pkg.: \' \ / penned and raised within the planned by Mayor ,* ** PENCILS John E. Shaw, built-in city limits Councilman Bill joined by J.B. Oil''" 771I and Golda Mae The White said that, "It is my Kelley. I 1 land sharpener. will improvement plot rl understanding: that we had a contain 33 lots for future Colorsl! 6 Ct. Pkg. referendum the p on question a Brilliant - homesites and calls for the - few and the i : - horses years ago #2 leadAssorted addition of four new streets. . and cows won but the pigs and ' chickens lost." Attorney Wayne Carroll is r- colors! PKG. _Fh representing the petitioners. __; Crayola QRftVONS, White was right. Attorney Because of his personal In- -- - Hal Y. Maines read a Golden "T" wN.wwrv adopted ordinance terest in the proposal Mayor : , previously Shaw abstained from swine prohibit within the the enclosure corporate of the matter. votingon <; \, .' ..O PENCILS t so evr .tt city lirr.its of Lake Butler -Failing to reach an ,e N' 16 Ct. Pkg. ; <: U, By unanimous approval of agreement between the j the council Attorney Maineswas council and the Parks and Assortedbrilliant 23 23 Ct. Pkg. 87PKG. ","" ",:"N authorized to advise the Recreation board involving a -- parties cjncerned that they lease of the city park to the p r !2jead.I i u; in violation of the recreation colors I _ were ordinance board action was -- /before taking any deferred and will be discussed "GoTd7n"T"TteiioBOOK ; - njol ' ---------------- ---- - --------- !> BLUE-ALL ELMER'S ftjfUtERS ai 100 C t. book. 43 q!: ' rWE'AlJ. Oz. SqueezeBottle. - 4 E ,' OFFICIAL BALLOT CO _._ 3 3h Assorted colors. fli' J -- . C FIRST PRIMARY =3 :::: _.- Super strength! A. Golden "!" BallPoint ; ! af. i ''GENERAL ELECTION "jf-| PENS Sterke Bradford County Florida . " SHEAFFEfS s 8 Ct. Pkg.'Y. : September 10, 1974 '. CARTRIDGE PEW 5 blue 2 black -1 rod. "" .;:t/ "., ,.' "...'If" I -::-wxw:--. I n,1. ' _ _,: ;;1f11ftr: : Initials of Issuing ...:, -- ; " .. i : ;j.J: ; Official .i i Golden "T" Felt Tip : :;, '" n, or Fine ---------------- tipPoint with MARKERS" ------ ---------------------------- 5 refill (j; \, 37 'ifi.! I t \ /12Ct.Pkg. .Signature of ElectorOFFICIAL 57 o!!'I r I . -b scy Cartridge style! \ N..-. ." ;1', '. !Ii I Vrjf_ Many colors.2S3 SET :.:::=:;.:;::.' J, . r - . ( ,ij; .;) - - -....-.. M T"'OT'wN .. = ... BiC ....---- / ."rl2 - i r STICK ;,. ? | Golden "T" Composition >:tV".,, ' , I PEN r# / ,.' 3 Ct. S We Will' Be . BALLOT L INiI Pkg, |BOOK i ' ; t' Happy To : ) ' 49C \ ; , . FIRST PRIMARY Value Refund Your Money .r Fen J 27EA. ' If You Are Not 44 Ct. book , GENERAL ELECTION e Satisfied,, WithYour Assorted colo.s. V .' q; Purchase) :. - .: :: :T':::" ." , Starke, Bradford County, Florida B27j) L.\+"... .. -.,."r September 10, 1974 TISSUE--: Initials of Issuing I - \ t s ' Official :.:. ..- PENCIL SH- : * -: RPENER 200 Ct. 93 I&* & 2-Ply 3 limit 3 ;; jseto&afe 0CO> Precision Colors' For ' ---------------- % &&f"t '. J en - -- ,. , =- s:e und solid' &?*..>* .$i Subject D) 81, euttars 8 ft.":,) E Suction With $4 8 '::1d; . .3.a Bas e FOLDER V iV ,Vt ? U <0V t .::1+*____'**. \ .ti/'.*i* \p OFFICIAL BALLOT p Assorted colors! 19 __ FIRST PRIMARY c. For theme p.porsl! EA. ; clear 9a -- - GENERAL ELECTION Filled. BINDER\ "Tendemes'FTH E Starke, Bradford County, Florida BOOK :. ' r122 - September 10, 1974 Capacity To vote for a person whose name is printed on the 3binder.. 66 Ct. Pkg.'I' - ballot mark a cross (X) in the square at the RIGHT of Ct tiller Assorted designs! JL 9 EA.CLEARASir' . the name of the person for whom you desire to vote & 4 subject ,. COMMISSIONERFor .a paper , dividers. . Two Years For Group 1 Vote for One - " D "" Filled\ (I' MARC JACKSON FRED SAPP I U a.' d' \ \ c Vanishing.65 Oz. Tube or Reg. 66! : :: M/2"/ Capacity : COMMISSIONERFor '(."' 3 ring b.In d e. ' For Two Years Group 3 Vote for One ,.E \ 'j l 22 44 Ct.Ct. filler tbeme paper book, $ 227 Kr\r\Jbads j T CARLTON CHASTAIN f"" inserts 4caf 2 pocket HAROLD W. EPPS I :. L "TilE ORGAN\IER"\ ;. $488 and $588 / - WILLIAM S. GLOVER I [ \rr I 9 SanfordTempara ;;;--;;:, J -i"-:, , f I 10' 12.1/0' 1/2"$19 PAINT - ' viny , COMMISSIONERFor 3-1in9 E>t. rgA CatpRS For Two Years Group 5 Vote for One "'. \ covere8112"pad./ 7'6 1 Jars. 83 : / Oz. size. CHARLES .1. SCHAEFER : ., .' ,.k f _, ,"'..,'" ',....'.{ ".""'. <_;:",>>_. "1'i '''f""' ':"','SET' I'.'..','. -"&-" .. -. THOMAS S. (TOMMY) WILLIAMS 1 1r ,-.-- . ! Pages 6 TELEGRAPH! August,197-1- ___________.____ August... ... .,.,,..IMi'".. TELEGRAPH Page.......7 -- . ''I SALE PRICES -.- - GQOD1WIUSATURDAY " R !',I., ? RIGHT IPSODE 7.OUNCE ONEIA I DAY FACIAL 5OSHLi DUO REPORT TANG GUARD TOOTS PASTE COMPOSITION H AR! SPRAY ; Family size.. For bright VIIAMINS BOOK I FOLDER 16-ounce can. Limit 1 13-oz. Bronze Aerosol, tjj white teeth. Limit 1 v..1 Eckerd Brand 200-Two ply II -. c PEOPLE TRUST ECKERD'S. ________ Limit 1 ., I WITH IRON sheets. Assorted colors. J Primary Glossy composition book Assorted: colors. Reg.. 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I : 8 8 :/'} .".. 4________________________________________ J _____________ __ 2188 ___ /17:77) :- : ; _____________ 0 ; ,; I'' / ) tt'E;' : S ___________ :::: ) ri. , _____ 2 2PACK5 ______ BOOK HINGED' DOOR D . uJ FALL FASHION __ 3995 ILYSOJ. __ COVER GIRL ''iiL JEWELRY -- / RACK STUDENT DESK I \ LIQUID OF __ Small wooden book rack forstudy1F ISPRAY MAKE-UP P Assortment of Fall jewelry, HAMILTON BEACH 6 , c , can Creamy. medicated ....'4h..._ including Fun Fashion 8 8. 16 166 room office or 29 2 9 Eliminates odors liquid make up 97 7 \pens. &. diamond shape CONSOLE library. Reg. 1 1.99 198|88Reg ' J "TT 1 Limit 1 U in assorted shades '* v rings. Reg 1 1.37 Lt,: ------------ S- HAIR DRYER t. Reg.1.49 1 Limiti 1 ' : BOY'S OR GIRLS HI-RISE Walnut vinyl TYPEWRITER PAPER , 24 2 88 B S 5 position heat LAMP I I: veneer -with , _____ FASH1ONABLE188 I DESK U % S S S __. __ Eckerd. Brand of 200 sheets of r r -\V control. 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Regular 39c ," Brilliant colors.: 56 For pencils, erasers etc. 60 minute blank tapes Rem.R .'1.49 Eckerd Brand flashlight batteries.! DEODORANT POLISH Limit 2 packs. Reg.39c. Limit" 2 Reg.2c Limit2 TAMPONS ,/ \ REMOVER! I ; ': t , Bon of 30 3h100 CrayolaCHAVON // ______ 2'19t I 09 Super Regular Limit 1 or. .;'eq.'!/.2 5c::unc.size.39; ;1' ( a 24 ,/ 2 22 2 3 3/99 0 .o. 1 I : ... REG 2 FOR 37c '. . r t ,' , SS '._..1 1 " S , iiiiiiMiiiiiiinimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiililillillllilllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllinillllllllllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIM IIIIIMIIIllllllllMIIIIIIIHIlll IIIIHMIIllln .M.tiilllllll. I . i ia " . 0 for I Iq 0 a- % 4 I ,,5 0 % S 0 q . a.I I , .I'uge6! T.LI'iltu'1i: : August/ 22. I!"7I -------- -- --. ---------.----------------- . Peggy Sue Allen Weds Don Nettles In Grace Baptist ChurchMiss r------ Peggy Sue Allen, fflte daughter of Ernest Allen and I Mrs. Opal Allen, and Donald i Lee Nettles, son of !Mr and Mrs Herman Nettles were ;[add m 00t, Sock1 y Gd1't0 9647608 I united in marriage Monday J July 22. at 7:30: p.m in Grace Baptist Church. Starke. with Rev Leon T Odom. Jr performing Rehearsal Party ForFaulknerTedder Lingerie Shower For Jean Martin At Bagwell HomeMrs. I the nuptials I I Highlighting the altar was a WeddingA Norma Jean Martin, The refreshment table was The hostesses presented the i large basket of blue and white whose marriage to Jimmy covered with a white lace honoree with a corsage and a summer flowers with two candelabras rehearsal dinner for the The 31 guests attending Ray Epps was solemnized on cutwork cloth over pink linen floor length lace gown at a with burning white : I Faulkner-Tedder included the wedding party August 17, was honored at a and centered with white memento of the occasion. tapers I party was given wedding by the and out-of-town friends and lovely lingerie shower on wedding bells encircled with 15 guests enjoyed the affair. ! Monteen Brewer of relatives.The Tuesday pink and white and groom's mother, Mrs. George evening August 13, pompoms -------------- Keystone Heights pianist t. dining table was cen- given by Mrs Johnnie P baby's breath. The coffee presented a program of Baldesare at the Holiday Inn tered with a blue and white Johnson and Mrs Donald B. service cart was also IM A. Baldwin attended the nuptial music Friday night August 16, and at the decorated with the weddingbell 75 Oldsmobile show in following the mums arrangement Bagwell home of the Larry O'Neal served as best \ rehearsal I of Kathleen wedding burning candles. A toast was latter on S. Cherry Street. theme. Atlanta on Monday. IT'L. man and the ushers were ] Faulkner and Richard Ted- given by the groom's sister, Rodney Griffis of Starke and der !Miss Linda Tedder of Atlanta. Lex Miss Johns Robin of Corbin Macclenn of Starke FOR PROVEN LEADERSHIP She attended wore as a light maid blue of empire honor. punch bowls. Mrs. Joann South Florida the couple is Stork Shower For Mrs. McKinneyAt AND CONTINUED PROGRESSLet's A-line knit gown with five Beckham of Hawthorne kept residing at Griffis Loop. white seed pearls down the the bride's book.Following ( Mr Nettles is employedwith Newland Home front panel. She carried a a wedding trip to the City of Starke. nosegay of blue carnationswith Mrs Gareth F. Jones and Andy decorations were usedon blue and white Mrs. Randy Newland the door and tables. The Keep 'Singing Teens' Heardat were . streamers.Sue hostesses at a stork shower buffet centerpiece was an Ann Nettles, niece of and luncheon arrangement of pink, blue, August 14 at the groom,was flower girl and Youth Meet in Texas 12:30: p.m. honoring Mrs. yellow and white pompoms. BLAINETHOMPSON Lawrence O'Neal, nephew of Dewey B. McKinney held at After a special toast to the A' JOHNNIE the bride was ring bearer. Starke was well representedat Davis, !Marlon Thornton, the Newland's home on honoree by the hostesses, Given in marriage by her the 1974 National World Richard Hall, and Bob Kois- Kingsley Lake.Raggedy lunch was served to the father the bride wore a white Baptist Youth Conference in tinen. A total of 49 enjoyed the Ann and Raggedy twenty guests.As ; lace gown over blue organdywith Arlington, Texas, August 5-9 week of outstanding Bible a memento of the occasion - an empire waist and A- with over 6,000 people from 17 preaching and competition at Sonja Biggs the hostesses line skirt with a blue satin states. The "Singing Teens" the Arlington Baptist Schools. presented Mrs. McKinneywith ribbon interlaced down the from the Pine Level Baptist HonoredOn an orchid corsage,a baby +y A MEMBER OF TilE front. She wore a small gold Church, entered the choir clothes hamper and a hand- , necklace with the name Peggy competition with two num- Retirement Dinner made baby quilt. //J. kI SchISard on it. and carried a white bers, "Come Holy Spirit" and 16th BirthdayMiss Bible topped with white car- "Happy Am I. Under the Given For 1 DIST.COUNTY-AT-LARGE nations with blue and white r. : direction of Pastor John streamers and green ivy. Her Strickland, the "Singing Capt. EdwardsCapt. honored Sonja Biggs was SheppardCowartEngagement \ FAMILY MAN BUSINESSMAN at a surprise lun- lace headband, interlacedwith Teens" went on to take first I VICE-CHAIRMAN SCHOOL BOARD blue satin ribbon securedher place in the Class I Choir and Mrs. J. E. Ed- cheon and party on her 16th ToldMr. , shoulder length sheer Competition.The wards of Raiford were honor birthday August 12, given by ) white lace veil.A Choir traveled on their guests at a retirement dinner Laura Kay Thomas and Julie and Mrs. William J. reception was held in the church bus and stayed at the given for Capt. Edwards at Griffis at the Thomas home on Dooling of Starke announcethe There's No Time For 011- The-Job 301 S. church Reception Hall. Scottish Inn of Texas. After 7:30: p.m., August 2, at the Highway engagement of her The bride's table was the final meeting on Thursday Union Correctional Institution Those, attending were Cindy daughter, Sandra Sue centered with four tiered Employees' Club House. Gissy Nancy Ormsbee, a afternoon Six Flags over Sandra Sheppard, to Huey Columbus Training wedding cake and at each end Texas was a welcome sight. I. C. McKenzie, security coordinator ,Susan Biggs, !Mrs. Bobby Cowart, son of Mr. and Mrs. were punch bowls. The table with the Division of Biggs Faulkner Laura The "Singing Teens" were Charley C. Cowart of Starke. Thomas, Kathy Locke Jenny Blaine Thompson is progressive and experienced was covered with a paper cheered on by Mr. and :Mrs. Corrections( presented a !Miss Sheppard is a 1974 a young table cloth with pictures ot the Vernie Thornton Mr. and plaque to Capt. Edwards com- Tomlinson and Julie Griffis. graduate of Bradford High Businessman. Owner of Wishbone Chicken. lie is now serving on bride on it. Blue crepe paper :Mrs. Jimmy Thornton, Shane memorating more than 22 Kathy Locke assisted in School. the School Board as Vice-Chairman. lie is concerned about our was draped on the wall behind Thornton Mrs. Leoma Whitehead years of distinguished service which serving the the honoree luncheon opened, after her The wedding will take placein schools, and is doing all he can to make them better at the lowest the punch table Mrs. Shirley Moore with the Division of Correc- November.ectfC cost to the :Mrs. Joyce Johns of ;Mac- Mrs Elva McRae. Mrs. tions. R. D. Massey superin- gifts. taxpayers. clenny cut the cake and Beulah Thornton !Mrs Julia tendent of UCI, presented Mr. Johnnie Martha Brantley and :Miss Alvarez. Bobby Smith, John Edwards with a fresh water Blaine Thompson Has Served Four Betty Johns presided at the Ki-nney. Jimmy Davis, Beth spinning L Forsyth rod presented and reel a, Sgt.tackle J. lrL 1 Ll: ( LrLTLTHLrCL( [! Years On Your School Board With A 100 Per OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOi box, and J. A. Johnson a Cent Attendance RecordIf three-gallon water cooler and GROUP THREEHPROp DeWitt Jones miniature fishing pole. r-' T Featured on the dinner menu were barbecued EPPS ;'KI you want HONESTY Funeral Home I I chicken smoked,bear.smoked venison, and ., INTEGRITY STARKE PHONE 96462OORENTAL Capt.reside and in Mrs.retirement Edwardswill EARNESTLY SOLICITS YOUR VOTE AND I; .;: EXPERIENCE at SUPPORT ON SEPTEMBER 10 iI I 'II Salt Springs.Mrs. HOSPriMLBEDS WALKERS WHEELCHAIRS CRUTCHES -------------- I feel that my 18 years of administrative work A- r SCHOOL j well qualify me to serve as a member of your Elect THOMPSON BOARD KEYSTONE HEIGHTS Hazel A. Guy of Council and vote - City I will do my best to merit your Re MEMBER Gainesville spent the past and support. PHONE 4733176oooooooooeHKaaBMi week at the Adkins cottage on n n innnnunnnnnr Kingsley Lake. (Paid, Pol Adv i Thank You (Paid Political Advertisement, by Johnnie Blaine Thompson) - - SawyerSIade HADl Gas Er Air Conditioning: f-=--l l1'r A y S\ America's No. 1 Air Conditioner Maker ,f_ J HARD -:7: Central Heat & Air DAY ? Let Us Explain Our Energy Saving System . i If you're not sure there will be plenty of Completely Installed !.k THOSE TALL COOL ONES 1,390 c' WHEN YOU GET HOME; DON'T TAKE A CHANCE! w! COME BY HANDY-WAY 2 Ton PlusNecessary System _ i ! .. Electrical Work I We don't claim to have everything the Lig stores have, Call Today For FreeEstimate I 5. but we do have plenty of cold drinks and all the other ; 1! items your wife asked you to pick up on the way home. 964-7701 t AND WE'RE W It All Makes Of Air Conditioning FAST HANDY AND COOL Service Room Unit To CentralCall ;.1' "BET YOU FEEL BETTER ALREADY" Us For Fast, Professional Air Conditioning Service JUST BECAUSE WE'RE HERE EARLY AND LATEandq.Waq'z . , I Hr | ) ) Sawyer SladeGas i''! & Air OPEN 7:00 A.M. Conditioning FOOD STORES TO 11:00 P.M. I EVERY DAY 332 Madison Starke'f'f r, . , "T" 1'H",\ """'"''''''n''' '0''.. ........,N...'''''.........." ",.._ ..., '"''''"""','"'''' ,,_ .,,,. ,...."." ",".,..,,"'"He' '''''',,,' ." '''',. ."n" ... .. .. .. .." ''.. ._._ ""."... .., ... -..... ,, _.. .. _. "..,, _. .., _. .. ". .". ... '' .__....,. Ii: Iii: "''J. !, ! :))1 1.i0y C,"I'I'I' August 22. TELEGRAPH Page!I I Miss Kathleen O'Dell Faulkner Becomes Bride of Richard C. Tedder Jr Woman's Club Observes Teachers Luncheon Given For Mrs. Coran I IMrs. The First Christian Church of Starke was the setting Presiding at the punch table The Junior Woman's Club of button of 14 cakes to the Cula Coran who will Orleans and Mrs. Morgan Saturday, August 17, at 7 p.m ;dpl.lirw were Mrs. Henry Tomlinson Starke observed its annual county schools. leave Saturday for Carmichael Darby of Gainesville. for the wedding of Miss Kath and Mrs Dan Harley. Teacher's Appreciation Day, Mrs. Alicia Sterfa, educa- Calif. to make her The buffet table was leen O'Dell' Faulkner Floor hostesses were Misses Tuesday, August 20, by distrl- tion chairmal'1l, says that the home, was honored at a buffet covered with a white cutwork daughter of 1\11' and Mrs Lisa Reddish and Paula Lock Junior Woman's Club has luncheon last Saturday given cloth and was centered with James H. Faulkner, to Passing out rice bags were Gay-Sellers scheduled monthly activities by Mrs. W. B. Mundy. an arrangement of white Richard C. Tedder of Ilamp Robert Carver and James which will In some way show The 13 guests included the daisies. ton,son of 1\1rs. George Balde Carver, nephews of the bride. Wedding PartyEntertained the club's appreciation to the Gleaner's Sunday School class The class presented Mrs. sare of Atlanta. Ga and Following a wedding trip, teachers of Bradford County of the First Baptist Church, Coran with a devotional book Benny Tedder also 01 Atlanta the couple is residing an for their devotion to the education Mrs. Isabelle Weldon of New signed by all the members of Jim Shaw, minister 01 the Hampton.The process. the class. First Christian Church in bride is a 1973 honor William Arlen Gay, Sr. of 88th Birthday -------------- -------------- graduate of Bradford High Hampton performed the Jacksonville was host at a nuptials. School and attended Atlanta dinner party Friday night, Misses Debbie Spengler and Observed by Ensign Barry Firth of highlighting the altar were Christian College In Atlanta August 16, at 7:30: p.m at the Anne Haynes returned to Corpus Christi, Texas was two standing baskets of white Mr. Tedder is a 1971 Garden Restaurant honoring North Florida Junior College Saturday overnight guest of gladioli and blue mums graduate of Columbia High his daughter, Janine on Monday. Mrs. R. H. FutchMrs. his parents, Mr. and Mrs R. against a' background of arched School In Atlanta attended fiance, Ronnie Sellers, following E. Firth and tree candelabra with "r Atlanta Christian College, and the couple's wedding R. H. Futch of Lawtey Is Alton Box Bealof 1\11'5. J. W. Kincaid visited burning tapers. A unit: candle employed by rehearsal. Mr and Mrs Hoist C. celebrated her 88th birthday was also used.Providing et' Board in Whitehouse, Fla.BIRTHS. The dining table was cen- Macon, Ga. are visiting her Sunday August 18, with a her sister Mrs.C. C. Hoppe in a program of t'II. tered with an arrangement of mother, Mrs J. L. Gentry, party held at Strickland'sLanding Tampa last week nuptial music were Mrs John while gladioli and yellow several days 'this week. on Kingsley Lake 1\11' and Mrs Art Landmanof A. Reddish, pianist I and Mrs mums Sharing the happy occasion Vernon Reddish soloist. Guests Included the bridal Mr.and Mrs Robbie Shaller with Mrs. Futch were New York City spent four approximately visited Mr. and 1\1rs. days last week with Mr. and Guy Tedder, grandfather of party the bride's grand- Edgar 75 friends and the groom served as: best parents, Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Gunter and family in Mel- relatives. Those from out-of- 1\11'8. Hex Brown man. Ushers were Benny 1'' Mr. and Mrs. Jerry E. Epperson, the minister, and bourne over the weekend. slate were: Lacy Futch and kidder. father of the groom, w Redding of Heilbronn Springs close family friends. They brought back with them daughter, Patsy, of Waycross, 1\11' and Mrs. James Barron Butch Faulkner. brother of announce the birth of a The honored couple ex- Mark and Elaine Gunter for a Ga.. 1\11' and Mrs Ronnie and I\1rs. E. 1\1. Davis visited the bride J. Warren Carverr daughter, Angela Carol, on changed personal gifts and weeks visit 'With them and 1\IcCellon and children of Claude Anderson in a Jack- brother-in.law of the bride August 6 in St. Vincent's. presented gifts to their atten- with their grandmother, Mrs Vadalia Ga and Mr.and Mrs. sonville Nursing Home and and Robert E. Smith Given in Hospital. Maternal grandparents dants during the dinner Nancy Gunteil' Arle Blevins of Lynox, Ga. Paul Etheredge in Jackson marriage by her Mr. and Mrs. ville on Monday. are 1\1rs. J. Warren Carver father the to a satin headpiece.The gown bride wore a gown Ralph J. Darley, and attended her sister as matron with and veil were designed and - of honor. Miss Linda Tedder bodice Chantilly lace and satin constructed by the bride.A maternal greatgrandmotheris sister of the groom was and satin cummerbund reception was held in the Mrs. Maggie A. Glisson, all bridesmaid I. and Miss Christie ended long lace sleeves that church Fellowship Hall where of Starke. Paternal grand- in scallops at the wrists. Mr.and Mrs L. A. peeial parents are Faulkner sister of the bride The skirt of 1\11'5. J. M. Edwards Jr. as junior bridesmaid. The lace and satin panels ended Chantilly with greeted guests at the door. Redding of Lawtey and a Miss Sandra Tomlinson paternal great-grandmother attendants kept were gowned alike wide satin band at the bottom. Mrs. Ceceila of IS Redding in long blue the bride's book. you ns with white She wore round waist design and featuring short sleeves.an empire They arrangement and carried of opal white a cascade earrings carna- covered The bride's with a table white was lace Raiford. A Large Quantity Of Merchandise cloth centered with three- wore blue straw hats with tions with blue streamers on a a Eastern StarBanquet white satin trim and carried white Bible tiered cake topped with a a gift of the long stemmed blue carna- groom tier waist length veil wedding wedding couple cross. and Miss a Nancy silver Aug. 24 tions. of Chantilly lace Has Been Drastically Reduced. was attached Fullwood, Mrs Edwin . E Williams and Mrs Gerald Starke Chapter 22-1, Order of //rt Griffis cut and served the the Eastern Star will have a Limited Quanities On Some Items VOTE \ FOR AND RE-ELECT cake. covered dish supper Saturday, The punch table was cen- August 2-1, at 7 p.m in the H.A. tered with a crystal punch Masonic Hall. bowl encircled with fern and Special honors will be given LAWSON blue mums and balanced with to Robert Morris, founder of BuNOwE! Save a ceramic bride and groom the Order of the Eastern Star and all Master Masons. SCHOOL BOARD DISt27lt" Macy Sisters Masons All Masons and their and families Master are ,,/; 'f'u9t Double Wedding invited to attend.DUPLICATE 86il1. Plaid Marble Top Velvet Set August 30 CLUB RESULTS BRIDGE SOFA END TABLE RECLINERS 1\lrs. F.J. Shaw and 11rs.J.D. . Mr and 1\11'5. Lloyd L. 1\1acy Odom were the winning Was $26985 Was $6985 Was $12985 of Kingsley Lake announce couple lit Duplicate Bridge as the approaching marriage of Tuesday night. Mrs James their daughters, Susan 1\linesinger and T.A. Sundem $23995 $3995 $9995 Elizabeth, to Randall Ray were second and Jeff Wren- .. # .. .. .. .. .. .. .. # .. Gaskins of Law tey and, shall and Dutch Bernhard 1'erllaps one of the major problems today is that Easton Pamela Tidwell Ann to of Pvt.Pensacola.Gene were third. This I Is R Few of the Many Marked Dawn Items The double ceremony will -------------- rejoice we must in learn new to responsibilities adjust to new utilize circumstances new opportunities be an. in event the Reynolds of August Chapel 30 at 8p.m Mrs. J. L, Bradley of in Their Special Price Area If You Haven'tBeen Lake and Mrs. J. 1\1. Kingsley and exercise with a daring faith regardless Camp Blanding a recep- of outward circumstances. lion following at the NCO Warren of Jacksonville took Lodge Camp Blanding Miss Allyne Bozard back to Ak About No invitations her home in St Mathews. S. C. * * are being last and remained for visit a By sent but all friends and relatives GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY 1'01111" the guest of the Bradleys for attend. to three weeks previous 14.2 CU FT. "NO FROST" .. . . .. - .. -... REFRIGERATOR Badcock's l'' (L.I,) Ifl 4 4 4 1It r- Rofig.olor & '603 11... I,....' Have You Registered OFFICIAL' WEIGHINGSTATIONS' a .. lull n..e Aollable width,...di I.Hid.delo.ling Whl'..ut. A'OlOdo I"pe' You Owe I it to __ _ -- H.rvur Gold. Suwannee Store : : For : Bush's Bait & Tackle : Trod.inAllowanc.R.guiar 529995 Yourself & : . u up 'a $ 4000 . . .. . :: ,.:.:!: : I "' . i Guaranty Federal Starke Office '" NO CHARGE EXTRA /0 eitJ/7;: 95 You Own FOR COLORS WilhTad. rrf Pocket Book R G m 171 rn 171 : ill i Iii; Iij; Iv IJ 2:) IJ.J W W LfLI W ": :' .'' ik, I (ol Famous complet. CYIto"p Double.01o.lo"on.GUARANTEE; Guoon".d T 0 Go By & (IS ra\: __ by you local d.ol., and by .h. BodcockCo.po.o'ion ,," \'>, \ oryour"only back.OSCR . l. I.,' 't "f", '$.''$0f' -'' '. - (BJf'U$0U!I $ "", Get In OnSIDE ' if "' !Yi": 19 CU. FT. I' If I BY SIDE NO FROST _ A ; l ; ; REFRIGERATOR FREEZER 1 1 You rn test register at l' r I. with ICI MAKER ADATTAEILIIYtighn The' Hu g e ( ) Regular $9999S i Ge F. Office prior to catching : p Store, 232 III.. Trod.Up To.In Allowance... .... ...$ SOOO c . Rolls whorl.I S 'N : on. .-,, aVlngs Whit. Aocod0 # that winning fish ,. ., I Ha.t Gold A,A.Low 4 q Troll Wih 95, 1 .r , I So Come OnIn : I 10 CU. fT. tr See Bill WilsonREFRIGERA'TOR SIGN UP TODAY! r -- t .._ .. o n.fl) Today He Will I i J 37 lb. ices' . 0101 d.fro.h : Egg':roraH o Treat You Right I Anyone Can Win An White, C Drawing. '" i It.gula $119.95 Trod. In I3F1 I Allowanc. ,. ,$2000 p : Electric Trolling LIBERAL TRADE.IN ALLOWANCE Will Be $ Par Your Old RoI'I\.a'o; ,. Tod.InA. l.w" 169 Wish Mv" b. L.. Than 10 Yeoro Old and O3AR In Acctp.obl._ Working CondItion._ A. Treb i Motor Sept 9 1974 ! 964-5289 (Even 'If You Don't Fish; ) a.. ,,,- -.. LA Y Li,1'tl'yq E 5 2P.M. , = All That You Need Do Is REGISTER MULTI-CYCLE UNDER000NTER I- o 0 i DISHWASHER 128 S You Need Not 8e Present To Win AUTOMATIC WASHER (Lift) R L.ftl( ) Soft food dl.pm.r _------ 3 wale' 1..1. Dual d.l.rg.nl 1 Current Leaders SAVINGS INFORMATION = : 3 wat.r tunp. dlp.n..r I 3.7.1.. SSUY Aula H".r wnb.i In Fishing Contest Mh. ,. Annual SllrwwerS ba br WALNUT Type 0' Account Inv'men' Min Tem smtI e Copp rdon., WhIs., w99 Yield $1 95 . Steve Noeger 12 Ol Bream Ew.n ln Avo.ade, Haved ,... , Inlng Nan Nona'f 1f % S3 % Wib trod. Gold Douglas Hall 1 12 oz Bream New oC.vt'hc.r. ".000 'OO.n 1/1% I '2 % $ C t C.rhluaro 11.000 I Ypr '10'" 72 1 OCkQ sr Kenny Clark 16 oz Speckle Perch New CetIIc. 11,000 ,2'.run eli" .9 % 0 O ONLY New c.rhhcale 11.000 Van I SO% 17+ I Barbara Mos I ey 22 oz Shellcracker 'wh'"ur"/ngun.uowadtoe.mpaunddary j22g9hn . 10 Lb Bass Mrs. Frank C. Clark -- --- -Aub..nllo"nl.'penolyj..qU".d'O"Y, n STAR KE wdhdr.w.l'on C.lIlIco .plans ELECTRIC DRYER , a Guaranty Federal DILUXI PORTAIU I (Right) DISHWASHER ,.,.. Savings and Loan Association ..\. ""' ''''' 110 minutprow Right) F LA .1.. eapaolly . I !. 'amll" front ldl"9) . . .: :\ Up front lint fllr.r Hold 11 full l.5.f e Whl. pia.. ..."nl" = Mapli Ilnl'w.rl byOn ; ;, $14995 .....,. ., , far The Friendly Savings Center EQU.'SING' "y moving :SID 9450 Whll., Avorode Hanat Geld,. A''I. . LENDER rr ......,0. 12 E..r1 Nn with bid. : . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ..... .... ". .... ,... ... "''' ... __ ...,.. ... .... "..,- -.... ..... .. -n '' m. .. . ...."__ ,. ..,,.,......'''.. .. ...............""""....,...._...."._ ._...._,. ...._......_,..... .. .. _......._" .. ......." ._,.,."... ,.".... .... .. _.........._",." ........ .""......_"_..".,, ... _.... ,' .",... .".. ................... ..".................:......_."....."...."..._..,.__.._"....,,,........,..,.. .",,_"' ''. _.. .......,.." .p.- "... Page III TELEGILU'11 I IuguN.tz, I'171 etHTOKiAlSComing ::., ... 'The President is busy right now, County Agents By _ can I take a message?' Bobby' L ; Note b 00 k IDL'H--; : ,' ' , - . .. If TaylorIt . uou Can'tstand I p ; heat,get the out I / ;.+{ ",.. !: 'ry'}. :. > the Kitchen . into Focus :; HST = .J';.if' is easy to postpone or neglect some of the important .1 # things that should be done on our farms when we are gettingso / < ( : '; much rainy weather and flooding conditions However, to .%. postpone things like taking soil samples and having equip- i ment ready for land preparation and crop harvest when A much clearer picture of Bradford better qualified to pass on the huge 1 1 '",. q qi'1 conditions permit could be costly to some farming school operations which puts the budget document. Hut the budget clearly was I '..:." operations.. Here are just a few of the things different far- break.down into a more concise form unfamiliar to the board. l r mers should be thinking about now. was given the School Board, the public, The information however welcome As soon as tobacco harvest is complete tobacco stalks and the press by Superintendent Jim should be destroyed. This destruction should include the the board's came (too late in the budget procedure.For I! i them to the Temple last Thursday at plowing up of roots( in order to expose drying . public hearing on its new $().633 someone not expert in school ,;.s.r'.:'. action of the wind and sun. Nematode populations can be bill. finance, it will take weeks to digest the Fpta. reduced by plowing out the roots. Destroying the stalks will spending( new information. The board should not r f.t.t' It \ l rf' also reduce populations of several insects and diseases and I / / ...,. thereby make control easier. Horn worms flea beetles, have had to act on that information the The school board meeting room full of II viruses, and other insects and diseases can live on suckers educators and some private citizens, same night it was received.We / ':. ::': and unharvested leaves and thereby increase their numbers, dwindled in number Supt. I j ', which will make control more difficult next year. / gradually; as i ;1; do respect' Mr. Temple's! repeatedvow - Temple painstakingly explained thl'budgl't of openness. It was made clear to ..... (':i :'' Fertilizer shortages and prices are causing those interested - item-b>-item for some t 6 1/2 I .> in crop production to take a look at cover ciops the and last Thursday night / :"ti1t press public From the standpoint of soil fertility, possibly the greatest hours before the document was givenlinal ".:Jil' .. that the superintendent will discuss "any ;? :""-'.:-, 'I' contribution of a cover crop is to increase the amount of by the School Hoard.It w i ; \ ; approval IZ. matter and answer any question to the ;; ,' ,. .. vegetation returned to the soil to be converted into organic fullest. We plan in the coming year to ... ..: matter. Some of the functions of soil organic matter are as was indeed an exercise in "open him to the test. There are still things follows: acts as a storehouse of nutrients nitrogen, phos- ness" which the superintendent has put we'd like to know about local I sl'hoolbudgl.tary phorus, sulfur, etc, increases the water holding capacity ; talked about From this information, provides energy for microorganism activity: releases problems.Now carbon dioxide stabilizes ; increases exchange capacity will understanding study give a greater structure and improves tilth. Legumes, since they have the of school spending in 197475. But into it can be seen how much moneyis ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen produce organic matter the wee hours last Thursday night going into administration, how many higher in this element than do grasses, Many grasses, under School Hoard members thumbed administrators are included under the adequate fertility levels will produce more vegetation than legumes but since it is lower in nitrogen content, it decom- the as the through pages, as puzzled; heading of supervisors or consultantsand (converts into soil matter) more slowly. organic audience not always able to" I find the charged ott to instruction. It can be poses page to which the superintendent was seen that comparatively little is left for Pastures that are to be used for deferred grazing should be leteinng. routine maintenance. The number of fertilized in late August or early September in north Florida and about a month later in the southern areas of the state professional "support" personnel Since the quality of our perennial grass forages decreases "You may not think so, but that compared to the number of regular rapidly with advancing age, mature grass used for deferred budget is up here" Supt. Temple told a classroom teachers can also be ascertained. 1 The Christian' Scianc Monitor grazing will be low )in quality I Out: can lit into a forage. reporter pointing an index finger program when supplemental protein and energy are toward his brain. provided. With information such this, We believe Supt.! Temple has grownextremely as many According to some of the livestock outlook information I familiar with the complicated questions can be answered, perhaps and received recently, Florida feeder calves will not show a price But still do not many more asked. Supt. Temple has Letters to the Editor. improvement even though prices for fed cattle seem to be education budget. we announced that any person can obtain a increasing slightly Large numbers of feeder calves and think the School Board or public had of the budget he handed out heavy dependence on trucking will keep pressure on (Florida proper information prior to Thursday copy prices. Good 430 to500( pound steer calves will likely stay in night on which to base an opinion on the Thursday night, simply by request. the$25 to$28 range during August and September This is not hud l't. It m'1.Y I from the "Two Bit in Gainesville also require good news to our cattlemen who\ are having to sell at this Those interested in the county's education 'smutY SIGHT Politician." (Some are not persons involved in alcohol- time. It the board could have studied for a system would do w'lIto study thehudgl't. worth 25 cents) to the Power related olfenses to attend Editor Teleuraoh: \\it>ldmg Super Politician in mental health clinics but AA admits trw weeks the budget information given Supt. Temple some the United States and All Over is their primary organizationto out last Thursday, come back: and had things in the spending bill can be I would appreciate in The World, stand belore their send persons with alcohol Farm Bureau Directors inestions answered it would have been (questioned. Rightly so, we think. }our letters column to space reply to own mirrors, that Sunday a problems. In fact Mental the "Sorry Sight" letter by half hour before normal Health in Gainesville almost Review Plans Randme Johnson of Jacksonville Sunday :Morning Services, and invariably sends persons with Building in your issue of August I- truthful with themselves, alcohol problems to AA The The Promiseof The Tragedy 15. (rn(1 one person solitaire reason for this is contained in Bradford County Farm agent's office conference Did all of you readers do cheating), and decide before "Alcoholics Anonymous as "a Bureau directors are in the room, and storage space. your home work alter readingour God, if their own lives are Community Resource, process of finalizing plans fora Huggins said the building Mr. Ford oj"ftlr.lrixoll latest propaganda article without any lies, blemishes published by the National headquarters building in the would be headquarters lor a put out by our honorable Representative dishonesty, or moral turpitude Council on Alcoholism, Inc., area of the County Agriculture Farm Bureau service man i Frank Those that sense their and distributed by AA and Center, GT. Muggins, and complete informationabout Richard Nixon Williams own faults after this "SelfAnalsis" mental health clinics all over president of the organization all FB( programs will l be> during a long ansoml.tim's The Nation breathed a collective sigh Who is Randme Johnson: could then take that our nation The first said following a directors available The office would be of l relief when Gerald K. Ford took the productive) political career, Who did she work for in "One Giant Step" toward paragraph in the book is the meeting August 12. open live days a week during oath ot office as President and then, in a mastered the intricacies of political Bradford County Who is she Peace, Prosperity and AA Preamble, the second is Huggins said it is hopl 'to regular office hours. quiet firm voice, assured us that "our power, but somehow failed to master now married to? You find Freedom, throughout the wh} Mental Health uses AA I have "materials on the The building will be | national is Richard Nixon, That was his downfall.Mr. these answers and then your? World by correcting their own quote: ground" to start constructionby financed by t the sale of long nightmare over. eyes shall really be opened to( faults and misdeeds and "Alcoholism is known to the time of the Farm revenue ceititicales. Huggins fact or fiction. trying to live more closely to Bureau's annual meeting in said, which will pay a good social work of the As bind the internal wounds of : Nixon was a tragically flawed today as one Wl' "Golden Rule. who up It is always interesting t to( The and baffling October. Details of the site rate of interest to those \\atergate more painful and more President who could not and would not note that at politicking time most complex the worker faces as selection and building con- purchase them.Bradford . poisonous than those of foreign wars" admit error, and regarded his personal our Representative is avail- William II Summers problems he attempts to help families struction will be released as County Farm :Mr. Ford added, "let us restore the political enemies as the Nation'sl'nemiesu able, but after an election Hampton, Fla, solve their problems. Few are soon as completed, Huggins Bureau now has a total of 631 Golden Rule to our political process and enemies who must be exterminated committee meetings, com'en- the social workers who have said. substantial membership families, last a tions, and visiting other gain over .VTIIY TOWARD AA not heard of Alcoholics AP let love hearts of at cost. The FB headquarters here brotherly purge our any districts have priority over us and its year. Huggins said. In Anonymous great will be modeled after Union suspicion and of hate. here in Bradford County. statewide the in enabling tens of membl'rshlf' In the end this man of some admitted Did you ever carefully read Dear Mr. Matthews: success thousands' of alcoholic men County's facility, and will (Farm 2.000 These simple words and the overwhelming the ads placed by the honor- house a reception officesecretary's new membership families last .ability allowed his worst instincts to Thank for publishingour and women to win their way office, insurance you he added \ feeling that Mr. Ford is the dominate his actions and the actions of able Frank Williams Please recent article about the back to sobriety. Many have year man who can make them become a note the wordshelped, Bradford Group of AlcoholicsAnon been curious to know how this his underlings, in crucial decisions. That helped, helped. A vote by the reality, were like a fresh breath of pure again, was part of the tragedy of' raise of your hand.. a nod of }mous. It is rewarding to group has other succeeded individuals when and so 22ml Annual Florida mountain air after the twojear stenchof Richard Nixon. your head while falling asleep find about a person his fellow truly concerned and groups many have failed, to learn Watergate.The will\ give the "help" t to another man more about its workings; and willing to help The article Representative who really did finally, to discover how they Folk Festival To Feature But if the former President's seventh the work for his district. reached at least one still- President relate to Alcoholics new projects an easygoing and him can suffering man guided and his crisis hopefully finalpublic How many bills did :Mr for the benefit of charisma, and the image of a man ended in tragedy for him, it also ended in Williams prepare for sub- to our group. Anonymous their clients" Starke TalentThe who l'lIbe trusted because he himself Keystone \ ; mission Whatere they"flow a long overdue triumph for our constitu- Since you have known our , trusts others. tional process. If Mr. Nixon and Water- many passed Most of family for I-don't-know-how- What we found in Bradford all--out of his efforts what did I feel free to County, with the exception of 22nd annual Florida Florida, but continues his many years Judging by his past record Gerald gate did nothing else, they taught us he accomplish for us (the write to you and tell you some jour newspaper and some Folk Festival set on the banksof activities as folklore advisorto Ford( is not likely to become a brilliant that we are still governed by a system of people) in Bradford County? of the problems we have individual members of the the Suwannee River in the festival President, or one who\ will go down in laws and not of men. But we will be It would be interesting to encountered in setting ua local Jaycees, was almost White Springs Aug. 30-31: and Dr. Bertha Bloodworth, history as especially innovative or paying the high price of that lesson for know. group of Alcoholics complete apathy and lack of Sept.. 1 will present a large English professor at the -Nancy K. Causeyf"CETHEIllUWn in Bradford Our Mental will cite of imaginative in his administration. But years to come. Anonymous understanding delegation of highly qualified University origins County. An AA group has Health Clinic personnel, Dr. performers and craftsmen many place-names in Florida, during" a quarter of a century of public never succeeded here, and we Lennon and Dr. Anderson, from the Alachua Bradford a subject which has interested lite he has learned to reconcile differences Many questions remain unansweredas ; used eight months deter- seem willing to cooperate but Putnam Clay county area, her for years She is coauthorof without making (enemies.., to to Mr. Nixon's future. Should he be Since the demise of mining why before we even don't seem to have the time to according to Thelma' A. a book soon to he publishedon make honorable compromises in order to prosecuted for obstruction of justice and Watergate is beginning 1 started. My wife and I have devote to AA. This is sur- Boltin, long-time director of "Florida Place-Names";; assume the "Halo Factories" had extensive in since according to our the The fourthgenerationFloridian experience prising nationally publicizedevent abuse of in the interest of get the job done... and to know the value power, equal all over the World will come to working with AA groups in information Dr. Anderson ( has wide knowledgeof ol candor in dealing with\ his colleaguesin justice under the law, or should he be a screeching halt, due to a New York my wife 17 years went to a three-week Starke Keystone Heights the state's folk tales the Congress and with his constituents (dismissed as a former President and left slackening market. The and myself nine years. workshop in Avon Park to Gainesville Palatka and legends and history. back home. He has proved hiscompetency alone in retirement? It is a difficult majority are right, in insistingthat learn specifically about Crescent City will be Among popular singing and in political give and take, dilemma, and whichever course is taken "No man is above the One of the things we did was alcoholism and how to treat represented during the week- instrumental groups returning - law," so no doubt Richard M investigate AA in surrounding persons with alcoholism end of folklore music, dan- to the Florida Folk it will further and the threatof and more important in this post- bring pain Nixon, like anyone else. counties, how many groups problems Our Bradford cing and craft demonstrationsat Festival from Gainesville will Watergate climate his basic decency.As greater national division. should pay the penalty for his they have and the attitude of County Judge and Sheriff's the 250-acre Stephen Foster be the Mildew Brothers the transgressions Yet during the newspapers, judges, law Dept want to send persons Memorial park, A total of 34th St Laundromat string he humbly acknowledged in his Some Americans feel that the former "Two-Year Nightmare" there enforcement officials and with drinking problems onlyto seven programs are band, and George and Marilyn low .ke. swearing-in address, he is President has been sufficiently punishedby has been such a bumper crop mental health clinics towards our Mental Health Clinic scheduled no two alike. They Heaps-Nelson. America's l first President of self righteous persons, I AA What we found in St.- because it is a State agency.. will be seen and heard at 10 Ltd by Ray Valla the Mil- to the gain his resignation from office, but it is wonder how many will survive Petersburg Ocala They seem completely a.m., 1:30: and 7:30: p.m. dew Brothers feature blue- White House without the aid of the difficult to see how this course of actioncan this over-crowded market on Gainesville Palatka unaward of the approach of Friday and Saturday, Aug. 30- grass mandolin and guitar ballot box. The secret deals and be reconciled with the tradition of the strength or weakness of so Augustine, and Jacksonville almost every other County in 31, and at 10 a.m, on Sunday numbers. Valla plays mandolin - obligations to big-time campaign contri- equal justice under the law. The final many dubious virtues was without exception, Florida to the problem of Sept 1Starke, and guitar Bob Higgm- butors were wholly absent from his ascension decision of course, is to Special For the minority who many successful groups alcoholism. Since alcohol. will be representedby botham banjo. :Mark Morrell up sucked the last drop of established cooperation of related crimes are more than W. B. McKinney who will dobro guitar John Macefield to the highest office in the land. Prosecutor Leon Jaworski, and it will political life blood out of judges law enforcement 50 percent of all crimes play his violin at the festivalfor fiddle Mike Herman bass and Therefore, he is perhaps the first undoubtedly be the most difficult'' Richard M, Nixon primarilyfor officials, newspapers and committed their attitude and the fifth time, featuring guitar American President to assume office in a decision of his life. their own political mental health clinics. lack of knowledge of what is Stephen Foster melodies and The 34th St. Laundromat position to be 100 per cent his own man, salvation or the thin fringe of being done in the alcoholismfield religious numbers. His accompanist group Florida's 1973 with no strings attached \Ve believe that in order the news media who hated his Using Alachua County as an is surprising. vVe believe is Mrs Mona champion old-time band, is to the secure for I wish there it this is the AA has guts years example, since joins reason Canova. led by John Johnson, guitar, Mr Ford's debt Nation from any threat of future was some way that they could Bradford the judges send never succeeded in our Keystone Heights will be fiddle and vocals; Jack only now is to the tyranny the due and full process of the have the confined life in a persons directly to AA, if County. represented by the Plainsmen Schuster fiddle mandolinand American people and to history. He is in law must be applied to !Mr. Nixon as it Prisoner of War compound, there is an alcohol.related a group of young singers guitar; Leilana Cook, an enviable position to prove himself would be to any other private citizen. for a taste of its tortuiebrainwashing crime or offense involved and Thank you again for being and instrumentalists who guitar, dulcimer and vocals; worthy of their trust. indignities fora they (the Judges) require truly concerned about your perform regularly at the and Doran Dater sabine flute few months or longer proof of attendance at AA fellow man Feel free to do Goldhead Branch State Park. and banjo.J Oster who makes Perhaps they would return meetings. Sometimes judges anything you wish with this Led by Randy Brown guitar some of the group's Instruments - I ORID,4 with a. little better judgment, letter, and with the information the group includes Ricky ,will have a booth in the cot, thinking the plus factors of contained in it. Brown banjo Ricky Under- crafts area where he can show 4 Richard M Nixon far out IhE: OCd 12 wood guitar and Azell Nail, his work N nctwl mili: F shone his human nature l2&tNrv We in AA wish to remain guitar Mr. and Mrs. Heaps-Nelson, N MEMBER p4 faults, as I believe future anonymous at the level of Dr. Alton C. Morris well- who recently returned from a historians will judge his press, radio, and T.V. known Gainesville collector of two-year stay in South OC C political career! 4oea However, feel free to keep my folk songs and long-time America will make their > 1913 I would like to suggest that advisor and mentor of the third at the BOBG, FERGUSON JOHN M MILLER name and my wife's name on appearance 1ON Publishers Rev Billy Graham, :Nixon's file, and to give our names to Florida Folk Festival, will Florida Folk Festival. He close friend and spiritual individuals if they request appear on the Friday morning plays harmonica and guitar, Published each Thursday and entered as second Class Matter at the Post Office at Starke Fla. under Act adviser proclaim some them. program. His subject will be she plays banjo, guitar and of March 3, 1879 specific Sunday as a "Day Of "Florida Heritages are Re- accordion.The . Subscription rate in trade area: $6 per year $3 50 six months Atonement" in respect of -Two Who Were HelpedBy flected in the Florida Folk event is sponsored by : Outside trade area: $7 per year: $4.00 six months Richard M. Nixon. On that Almost everyone wants to be Alcoholics Anonymous Festival. Dr. Morris has the Stephen Foster Memorial I Phnnp qTvt RTOS Starke, Fla. day, Rev Graham might better but not right now." retired from the English Department with assistance of the Florida suggest that every politician at the University of Federation of Music Clubs.'i JIH 4 TFLEGRAP1I Page 11 -- -- -- -- - !/oJ now . Out-of-town guests at the SAVE W TyI wedding of Kathy Faulknerand 7 Rick Tedder Saturday ; night were Mr. and Mrs. George Baldesare, Steven tVwT// Baldesare Mr. and Mrs. 1 Benny Tedder Mr. and Mrs. Guy Tedder Linda Tedder \ Stephen and Donna Platt Mr. I and Mrs. K. M. Sean all of Atlanta; Mr. and Mrs. Lou S Faford of Merritt Island, Mr. and Mrs. George Pontious of Miami, Bob Ritchie, Doug Boehme Joe Risse Daytona Dee Rindge, Charleston,S.C., L LQuantify Mr.and Mrs. Edwin O. Ward, Sr. and Edwin O. Ware Jr., Gainesville Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Tyrrell, Cirdy: and Kevin. l Munford Tenn., Mr. and Mrs. tiF Sam Superior Mr. and Mrs. BEEF PEO George Davidson Orange EF ! Park Mr. and. Mrs. Ray L Provost Debbie and Donna and Mr. and Mrs. R. B. ville.Hubbard and Bruce Jackson Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur Rights Cassidy of Keystone Heights ReservedWINN visited Mr. and Mrs. Tullie Norman Saturday.Mr. PRICES GOOD THURS. AUG. 22 THRU WED. AUG. 28 'COPYRIGHT' DIXIE: STORES 1974 INC .and Mrs. T. K.Stokes of Jacksonville are spending this W-D BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF BOTTOMROUND LOIN SLICED week with their son-in-law and daughter Mr. and Mrs. Bill SLICEDOR'li PORK" Sessions.Mr. ROAST cON PS and Mrs. Eldon Sappare spending several days with Mr. and Mrs. Sidney SAVE Emanuel in Casselberry. $ :. ... 1 c q- 71 HVGRADC ; Rev and Mrs. J. D. Robinson IB.IB.. . attended the homecomingat i38 BALL PARK 98 near Center Ocala Hill on Baptist Sunday Church where FRANKS 1.L8. speaker.Rev. Robinson was guest I-IB.PKG. $119 PKG. L8 _ _ _ _ Mrs.Ewell Lawson,Mr. and USDA INSP. W-D BRAND PURE (NO ADDITIVES) USDA GRADE "A" QUICK FROZEN W-D BRAND ASTOR PURE VEGETABLESHORTENING Cherie Misses Mrs. Jimmy Debbie Lawson Blackwell Lawson attended and and the GROUND BEEF BAKING HENS Woods family reunion in Point . South,S.C.over the weekend. Bradford Local County admittances Hospital this to JINNII-0 $ 9 9 'f. _. '"J"' / SAVE 20c $ 29 week include: Mrs. Inez WHITI 4 DARK MEAT fr .t .' - Green Mrs. Christina TURKEY 3 5 49'S Leverett Harvey Cooper ) j 1fj' Jeffry Hart James Thorpe, ROAST LB. LB. John W. Smith and Mrs.Helen li ; .:..., Henley, Starke; Mrs. tPKG.. $199 PKG L8. CAN Catherine Thomas and Mrs. Limit 1 with $7.50 or more purchase excluding cigarette Maggie DeWaters, Hampton; Cornelius Suter Keystone Heights Alexander Rogers, ; SAVE" 31 1c WO BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF ROUND OR Raiford; John Bennefield SAVE lie PORK SHANK HALF OR WHOLE SIRLOIN; I SAVE 40c USDA CHOICE IAMB RIB OR HUDSON VIVID COLOR Lake Melrose.Butler; Victor Black Fresh Ham LS 88C Tip Steak . LB $188 Sirloin Chops LB $189 Napkins .3'V0Y $1 SAVE Tit FRESH BOSTON BUTT SAVE 30c W.I[ BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF SAVE 40c.USDA CHOICE LAMB THRIFTY MAID Loper Coach and and family Mrs. returnedlast George Pork Roast . La 88C Chuck Roast L.98C Loin Chops La $1"SUPERBRAND Applesauce 3 -"s':: 88C weekend from an extended - SAVE 30 USDA CHOICE SAVE 3UWD BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF COFFEE THIRST QUENCHER duty in vacation Washington and ,military D. C. Leg 0' Lamb La $139 Chuck Steak L. $108 Creamer . 5 &1.. $1 Gatorade 3 Vus; $1 Highlighting their vacation . included being special SAVE SIcWD BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF PORTERHOUSE OR BANQUET FRIED (10 OR MORE PIECES. FULLY COOKED) SAVE I7t THRIFTY MAID FRENCH STYLE DOUGLAS WHOLE the Commandant of guestsof the T-Bone Steaks La $198 Chicken..2 & $199 Green Beans 41'N' $100 Chicken . 'CAN 99CSAVE Marine Corps,General Robert Cushman, at a lawn -party 2I< W D BRAND USDA CHOICE BEEF TOP ROUND OR SWIFT PREMIUM FULLY COOKED SAVE 17c THRIFTY MAID MIXED SAVE 33c THRIFTY MAID STEWED parade reception.at the concert Historic and Marine Sunset Sirloin Steak LS $198 Ham Patties '& $139 Vegetables 4 CANS 6 $100 Tomatoes 4 CANTS $1 Barracks in honor of the Vice President. Other highlights included Coach Loper serving ASTOR FRUITCOCKTAIL THRIFTY MAID GREEN ASTOR at the the USSC relay vs.coordinator USA Inter for I I Championship national Track in Durham and Field N. LIMA BEANS J iORANGE JUICE C. over the July 4th holiday ,Astor , along with the family's :" \ SAVE 3O6oz. " touring the sights of Washington SAVE % )ncGt SAVE" . Appalachian and hiking Trail.part of the 29. & J r 33 $ .)&&o"&r. MAZOLA OTRS.) 6 9 Charles Schaefer is 3 8 11. CORN OIL representing Post 56 at the .MARGARINE . 56th National Convention of 16-01. 1 6-oz. CANS the American Legion being CANS CANS 1 Le. 75c held in the FontainebleauHotel 'ICG. at Miami Beach this -I week. LIPTON LOWEST PRICE IN A YEAR AND A HALF TYSON CHICKEN. BEEF OR TURKEY U.S. No. 1 VENT VUE ' Mr. and Mrs. A. Russell Norman have returned after a TEA BAGS POT PIES month visiting in Canada and S POTATOES . Pennsylvania two weeks in L A , North Carolina and at Crescent Lake Fla. SAVE SAVE Mr. and Mrs. Mark 21c ,. I t LOJHHU 32c $ \ tanbags! Hamilton and children of V U.S. Na. 1POTATOES 1 Tampa spent the weekend 5 8'' VENT-VUE 68 RIODI WIP with her parents Mr. and TOPPINGCAN Mrs. N. B. Rosier.R. 48-CT. I 8-01. . PKG. 7.0' L. Epperson, Sr. and 20 lAG $133 65c PIES daughter Mrs. C. K. Mizelle)) of St. Petersburg were weekend guests of Mrs. SOUTHERN BISCUIT SAVE 10t DIXIE DARLING PRESTIGE SEEDLESS WHITE CALIFORNIA SAVE 17c BETTY CROCKER LAYER George.and Anderson.Dr. Mrs.J. E. Denmark Flour . 5 SAG 68c Rolls . 2 J1S5; 88C Grapes . 2 LBS 88C Cake Mixes 2'P: Gs'; 88C attended the wedding of their KRAFT BARBECUE SAVE IQc DIXIE DARLING US No I RIPE & JUICYPeaches SWANSON (CHICKEN 7 oi HSALISBURY 6"0' i OR TURKEY niece, Susan Alderman to Sauces ''a:,' 39C Buns V PRO 59C 4 $100 Entrees 2 V.oV $1 Honey George Drawdy in Gainesville . LBS . . Sunday afternoon at which SAVE TOt CRACKINGOOD SAVE lie TABLETS U S No 1 NEW CROP YELLOW FOX DE TUNE HAMBURGER SAUSAGE OR flower little Allison girl. Denmark was a Saltines . 2 US 88C Alka-Seltzer TPIG: 49C Onions . 5 : 79C Cheese Pizza 'V;,;,s 79C SAVE 1X CHACKIN- GOOD TOASTED US Na 1 WASHINGTON PRUNE SALAD ITEMS BIBS OR BOSTON LETTUCE. ENDIVE ESCAROLE OR POLY BAG SHOESTRING daughters Mrs.Mary of Batts Phelps and, grand-N. Y.i i Pastries . 2 Jte 88C Plums . .4 LBS $100 Romaine .3 PKOS $1 Potatoes 411 PII.G LB $119 were last Tuesday visitors of SAVE .c DIXIE DARLING SANDWICH HARVEST FRESH SAVE 38c SUPERBRANDFudge PET Mrs. J. H. Fields. Bread . 2 LOAVES 24.a 88C Lettuce . La 19C Bars. .2 1.3: $100 Pie Shells . &: $119 Newland Mr. and Of Kingsley Mrs. Randy Lake .............................. .............................. ... ........... -- .......-.-...- ............-.-......- ........ ,..........--. ............ .. '! f I' and George Mr. and of Mrs.Palatka Stephen were W. / EXTRA 1 EXTRA ,1 r EXTRA: EXTRA: ,:' ER 1 and recent Mrs.dinner Gareth guests F. Jones.of Mr. ; I .dw...*..GREEN......fc...0.STAMPS.., ......*. W ; I I 41.mMMm... GREEN.............STAMPS.., ........ !. ; I I A..*....,.GREEN......,....,SJAMPS I I H<>,*. N-N GREEN.... ...*.<*STAMPS... *.....>. .. :":1 I' I I .4'11*. ...GREEN...... .<....STAMPS'"t .*..-.). .* ; .1 10 QT PKG SO 01 PKG 1 FIVE 10'. o. CANS 1' ONE HALF OR WHOLE CARNATIONInstant 22 01 JAR 1 THRIFTY MAID : TAIMADGE FARMS ARROW DISHWASHER + :1 +" Clark of / " Mr. and Mrs. Bill 1 Milk Detergent CoffeemateGOOD ,. Soups ,. Country Ham ', Melbourne are on an extended < THRU AUGUST 28 GOOD THRU AUGUST : GOOD THRU AUGUST 28 / GOOD THRU AUGUST 31 21:1 / GOOD daughter visit with their Mr. and son-in-law Mrs. John and :; No. '31 .,re..n. ...n1 / No 52...THRU.... .*.AUGUST....u 28 / No. 33 ., No .54.. .ol ..... ...,n :, No S3 .. .v. ...aaEXTRA - Bradley Jr. :1 .X.R ; --------.i.iX. RA.ri; X.RA. ; : Mrs. M. A. Baldwin le l : EXTRA: . spending several days in dN.. GREEN STAMPS. I I 6*.. GREEN STAMPS I I 4vi GREEN STAMPS I I d_....L GREEN. STAMPS... .... ::1 I I .4Yt. ..GREEN..... STAMPS. .. ; Tampa with her son-in-law t / .'. ..t..*.*i....*.- I ... ...M ..-".- -* .."*"..* .... -.-.'**.* .0k>4. ... .%..>*... .. N-NN1/ .0.N.N M ....rJ-t l| N , ; Mr. and Mrs. fl / I Pi IB PUG HYGRADCWIST 1 "JWCAN: 1 TWO. 32 01 CTNS 1 'HIU 601 CANS. SIX dot CANS I and daughter and .1 i VIRGINIA' THICK I HORMEl SUPERBRANDCoffee MINUTE MAID :' LIBBY ' James daughter, Christie Montuora while Mrs. r.. Sliced Bacon Canned Ham Creamer Orange Juice :! LimeadeGOOD In St.. 1.Joseph's '1. GOOD THIU AUGUST 21 1 GOOD THRU AUGUST 28 1 r GOOD THRU AUGUST 28 1 GOOD THIU AUGUST 21. THRU AUGUST JNo / / Montuoro Is confined / No. 34., ..... ...... 1. Na..57.... .. _... I No. 38.. .. .. ...... No 39 .. ., x. ..... : 60 .. ., > .... ' titis. Hospital with hepa. ......_........_...?.>....-..... ...._._._._._.-........1.>.....11...... ...._......-........v...-....... ._............................ ._._._......-...............0---... 1 (See Page It) IlJruaJlDflmmID: : (JaJru! .. 1 . , " ..,' "" ". _" .. '", ":,..-. .. 0 no_"".. c'... Ii Page 12 TELEGRAPH: August, 197. -------------------------------- ----------------------------------- , -------------------- FOR SALE: Medium point Office (From Page 11)) Mr. and Mrs. Herb Herres Shop pens, 19 cents each, and family returned last CP8(0CP 8 qJ(0CU JKUCW1 I $1.80 per dozen. When is at- Hardenbrook Mrs. W. A. Collar and Thursday from a two weeks Mark buying 6 doz, each dozen school with family of Springfield, Mo. visit with his mother, Mrs. FT. tending a mapping costs$1.65. Buy 12 dozen and were last Thursday overnight P. Herres, Sr., in Bellefon- Honey cult Associates in St. the price per dozen is $1.50. guests of Mr. and Mrs.\ T. L. taine, Ohio. Tom Harper, who Rev. and Mrs. George Mr. and Mrs. James Biggs Misses Mona Marchant and Petersburg for two weeks. Buy our pens and save. The Casey. graduated from the Univer- and son returned to their Office 135 W. Harper returned last Wed- Shop Call St., Cindy Gissy attended the and Mrs. J. E. ( Mr.and Mrs. Herbert Green sity of Florida this summer nesday from a three-week home in Murray, Ky. last Mr. Hardy Starke, Fla. 32091 Phone Mrs. Montie Gurvitt and fita three weeks Taylor Publishing Co. conven- spent the weekend in New and daughter, A and Mrs.J. with a BS degree in Friday after visit 9646305. daughters of Columbus, Mo.\ H.Fields spent the weekendin chemistry, leaves this reunion camping on trip the Skyline and family Drive, with her parents, Mr. and tion for school year books, Orleans. visited Mrs. George Andersonlast Cocoa visiting Mrs. Harold weekend for Johns Hopkins Va.,Blue Ridge !Mrs.Henry Stefanelli. Joiningthe August 11-14, in Tampa. I I FOR SALE: Magnifying glassesof Tuesday. Ford in a Nursing Home and Medical School in Baltimore, Bedford,Va.They were joined family the previous week- all sizes with handles. At Miss Norma Canova spent also attended the Softball Md. David Harper will enter by Rev. and Mrs. George end at their mobile home on The Office Shop. the weekend with Mr. and tournament at Satellite the University of Florida as a Harper, Jr. of Duke Univer- Hampton Lake were Mr. and Mrs. Dick Bush in Palatka.Dr. Beach. junior this week.J. sity, Miss Naina Harper of !Mrs.Albert Stefanelli of Jack- J Martinsburg, W. Va. and Mr. sonville and Mr. and Mrs. B. I Hunt of visited Robert Stefanelli of Gaines- and Mrs. Malcolm Pow- Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Holton Bonifay and Mrs. Don S. Lewis of , Jr. N.Y. his mother. Mrs. Henrietta ville and their families. , nall of Hamilton are spent the weekend at Tomoko Richmond, Va. spending two weeks with his State Park. Hunt last Tuesday to Saturday j mother Mrs. Pownall, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Nobles Mrs. F. L. Starling and and family of Jacksonville children of Arlington, Texas ------- ! *O OO O O*S> C - --- and Mr. and Mrs. Randy spent two weeks recently with ! Johns and family of Starke her Tomas Mr. and Mrs. W. were last Tuesday night L. ,while Mr. Starlingwas ) VOTE guests of Mr. and Mrs.Donald at National Guard Camp.Mr. j Thornton at Kingsley Lake ata and Mrs. Thomas took 1 1R cookout.Mr. their daughter and family I home and remained for a Ii and Mrs. Don S. Lewisof week's visit. On their return (. i, Herman ; Richmond, Va. are spen- trip, the Thomases visited ding this week with her friends for two days in South I parents, Rev and Mrs. Carolina. , George Harper, and JOHNSON celebrated their third wedding anniversary Monday night at Archie Green of Miami Gatorsuede a family gathering.Mrs. i visited his mother, Mrs. L. J. Green, over the weekend.Mr. . Cula Coran will leave Saturday for Carmichael Put your toot down tor ti... ! Calif where she will make her and Mrs. J. B. Bakken, M II Jr. and sons will I return Bradford County Dedicated To The home. Friday from a two weeks visit RANDStump's Kevin Crawford of Ocala is with his parents,Mr. and Mrs. ,. EducationalNeeds visiting his grandmother, Bakken, Sr. in Wahpeton, N.FEEL i School I Board Mrs.V.. H. Hart, this week. D. Of/ All Dept. Store District One , LEEWELL LuiLL! ) ;/ ' "Join with me on September 10thin Priced $16 $26 i , ,. LIKE A MILLION i ? starting OUR goal achievingand i ae * You don't have to be wealthy to feel healthy. maintaining the excellence of SIIAKLKK FOOD SUPPLEMENTS: : made the old- ib fashioned way are giving thousands a feeling of well being even millionaires can envy. OUR educational system ." :Monday,Aug.2fi. thru Thu s., Aug.29 a presentationof SIIAKLKK PRODUCTS be given at the St. Edwards Catholic Church Hall by Authorized Distributors James and Judith Lawrence of California for If Honest the benefit of persons interested in learning about [ these fine products. For information call or write: Sincere (f Henry&Ma ill Williams (1-7978.' P.n.no"7:1: DedicatedRepresentative Starke,Florida,32091(!)( for All If no answer call !lIil-5011.)< () ! (Paid Pol Adv) Please clip this ad for future reference. .. ., . ".e'""lip.- 'c' c Si I l - NOTICE Notice TQ Bradford County Taxpayers OF TAX INCREASE THE SCHOOL BOARD OF BRADFORD COUNTY: THE SCHOOL BOARD OF BRADFORD COUNTY -DOES NOT ASSESS YOUR PROPERTY. -DOES NOT ESTABLISH THE LOCAL RE- QUIRED MILLAGE NECESSARY TO PAR- TICIPATE IN THE FLORIDA EDUCATION PROPOSES TO INCREASE YOUR PROPERTY TAXES FINANCE PROGRAM. Florida Statutes Chapter 7334Sas amended by the 1974 Florida State I Legislature : "THE MILLAGE A PUBLIC HEARING ON THE INCREASE WILL BE HELD DETERMINED SHALL BE CERTIFIED - -- (for 1974-1975) TO EACH DISTRICT AND SUCH MILLAGE RATEAS APPLIED TO THE OFFICIAL ON AUGUST 26, 1974AT 7 P.M., IN THE COUNTY THE FINAL REQUIRED ROLL SHALL LOCAL REPRESENT EFFORT-- FOR 1975-1976 AND EACH YEAR THEREAFTER, THE DISTRICT REQUIRED LOCAL EFFORT SHALL SCHOOL ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING, BE DETERMINED BY THE " LEGISLATURE --. 582 NORTH TEMPLE AVE. STARKE FLA. BY LAW YOUR SCHOOL BOARD IS BEING , FORCED TO RUN THE ADVERTISEMENT AT LEFT. HOWEVER .0063373 MILLS WILL NOT RAISE YOUR TAXES UNLESS YOUR TAX ASSESSN ENT HAS INCREASED BY MORE THAN 60 PER CENT, EXCLUDING ALLOWABLE EXEMPTIONS. v> 0 r, I ) , \\ $ SINCE fl jlrU0 ! -COUjAu6uxt C' V .: . 11ornadoes have Best Chance j.1 22,1971 TELEGRAPH Page 13 I Lake Butler Wins Girls Of Going All The Way. To State I IWork .. outs began for the 1974 both college prospects with Wayne Scott, Tommy Ed- quickness. it all man," Hurse says. Softball football season at Bradford quick feet and good ex- wards and Chuck Cox. Danny Anderson, 5'10-200, Glen "Beaver" DeSue, 5'7-- j Play Aug. 17 High School this week with perience, essentials for great Hildreth is 5'11--185 used letterman showed good im- 160 tailback is a deceptive Head Coach David Nurse defensive play. Sewell is 6'4- primarily as an offensive provement in the spring tough runner. He runs very saying that this team has the 212 Ibs and runs the 40 yard tackle last year but coaches should play lot at center, and low to the ground and is goodin 1 Melissa McGill's home run, In the final game of the Lake Butler in its first game, best prospect in years for dash in 4.8. lie is a letterman hope he will develop into is a hard worker and fine short yardage situations. after two outs and the game tournament Lake City was but came back and whizzed 29- going all the way to state. switched from middle guard. defensive man. He has good competitor. DeSue played JV ball last I, tied 7-7 in the sixth inning of ahead of Lake Butler 7-4 in the 3 by White Springs in its Two-a-day practice sessions He will be very helpful in quickness and good potential. Marlon Thornton is 5'9--175 year. the final game against Lake top of the sixth inning. Lake second game. Debbie Coltrane will continue this week with defensing option teams. Clark is a 61--196 pound letterman, with good Tommy Reddish is a senior I City won the championship of Butler pulled through with two homered for Starke. In its the Jamboree scheduled for Hodge at 6'4--190, also let- sophomore with tremendous quickness. lie started last letterman at running back at I the Columbia County Girl's outs when the Union girls third game Lake Butler Sept. 6. BUS will play terd last year He runs the 40 potential. He is the quickest year when Steve Register was 5'11--175 pounds. Reddish has Double Elimination Softball scored three straight runs to squeezed by Starke 7-6. Gainesville High and East in 4.7 seconds. Anytime of 5 lineman. Could also play injured and should play a lot been injured during the past Tournament of 8-7 for the tie the game 7-7. Melissa Merri Ormsbee and Janice $: -..-.. -""" -... at center. year and a half and lias never Lake Butler girls. McGill slammed a home run Jockel of Starke and Martha Donnie Neal, a 6'1--280 been full speed until now. He ,.I for Lake Butler's winning run Williams and Melissa McGillof letterman has shown good runs the 40 in 4.7 seconds. The tournament was played with the score ending 87. Lake Butler were selectedto improvement at the center In Lake City Aug. 17 with three Short stop Hattie Sirmonesof play in the All-Star Tour ., position. Neal has a fine at- j, other teams competiting Lake Butler received the nament to be held at a later r titude toward the game. including the Starke Yellow Most Valuable Player trophy. date. Jimmy Prevatt, 5'10--160 Mickey Agiier Birds who finished third. Lake Starke was defeated 11-6 by sophomore lettermen is in the City was second and White starting quarterback slot. He : Springs fourth. has shown tremendous improvement New Bronson Tennis since being pulledup Open TourneySet from JV last year. Hard Lake Butler finished with a Plead Coach work over the summer has 4-1 winning record with two wins over Starke 11-6 and 7-6, improved his passing and and two wins over Lake City 3- At Club HereAn added 10 pounds to his weight. The Bronson Eagles will be He is the second ninth graderto directed this season by former 0 and 8-7. Lake Butler lost its . { a letter in the past 18 years. Bradford High School football only 10-7 to Lake City. game "" : +r Prevatt will be "The girls played with only "open" tennis tour- An entry fee of $3 will be + Quarterback and add a running another star Mickey Agner as former nine players but had a great nament is scheduled the weekof charged for each singles entry l.rAL dimension the offensive Vickers Bronson grid coach Buddy to down stepped to defense and terrific teamwork September 2-8 at the Starke and for each doubles team. ," stated Union Entry fee for the game plan. devote more time to his dutiesas County Golf and Country Club with 12andundergroup u Mike Gaskins, 5'9--155, is a Athletic Director. I Recreational leader Larry play in three divisions and not will be a can of three letterman and defensive standout Agner was a Powell.( new tennis balls. limited to club membership. t ,q? Lar monster-man as well as fullback for the Tornadoes' Preliminary play in each of Trophies will be awarded to 1 Gaskinshas quarterback. State 0 backup 1966 Championship the winners and ( S the three age groups 12-and- runners-up of 4 Helicopters In Farming; each division. good quickness and is a outfit. He then went on to - under, 13-17 and 18andoverwill - Helicopters are being used good competitor. Sanford University in The tournament is be held to Monday through in a of in open Johnny Nichols 511-170, Alabama on a football variety new ways Friday Sept. 26. All semi- all persons; membership in Coach Mike Sexton talks before agriculture. In nut-growing the club is drill begins... letterman, is a defensive scholarship where he played areas they're used to blow finals will be played Saturday, country not cornerback with good speed fullback and linebacker for pecans and walnuts off trees. Sept. 7, with the finals set required.It and good attitude and a hard three seasons before a neck And when excessive rains Sunday, Sept 8. -m hitter. He is also a halfback injury ended his playing threatened to rot the cherry The tournament is open to may be> that men are not prospect. career. crop Washington's Yakima both men and women. Play Bruce Barnes, 5'11--170 has four in all a Agner years of equal but respects, Valley the down-draft will be held in both singles and letterman back is the assistant running behind M coaching they are n from equally men. helicopters helped dry doubles but no doubles in the fastest the witha the Hugh Gaitskell. quoted by man on squad him. The new Bronson mentor crop. 12-and-under group. Geoffrey Me Dermott in Leader Lost 4.6 second running of the 40 was the linebacking coach at L ri yard dash. Vernon Barber Ocala Vanguard for the past 1972 star new at the UF, is the four seasons. only other 4.6 man the team The departure of Vanguardhead IM It I\ has had. Barnes is a fine coach Byrd Whighamand WELLS ELECTRIC i blocker and the halfback who other changes al Y will line up in different Vanguard and the opportunityto positions depending on the act as head coach prompted offensive play. Barnes is a "do Agner's move. SERVICE 1'i .. BUSH'S TACKLETHE ... Electrical Contractors THE NEW FISHING TACKLE I \ JJ 1 ee STORE ON EDWARDS ROAD OFF ( ( \eS OF 301 AT THE NORTH END OF THE 1\.0\1" ::_ . A. ? BRADFORD SQUARE SHOPPING CENTER 2."'( --.:... r- S\\ SeTVlceRESIDENTIALCOMMERCIALINDUSTRIAL- ..players smash into the huge pads. Side during the lour team seconds or better for the 40 fullback and Nurse would like competition. yard dash is very good time. to play him at line backer. The first game will follow on Coach Hurse explained. Clark has 4.9 speed in the 40. DIAL 9646061SERVING Sept. 20 at Ocala against Another letterman contender Scott, 6'--175 is up from JV Vanguard. is Dale Haas, 64180. and will develop with a lot of 4 STARKE AND SURROUNDING AREAS SINCE 1949 Hurse gave this quick run Haas is experienced and will hard work. Edwards 6'1-220 , 744 N. THOMPSON ST. STARKE 32091 down of the players Tuesday serve the team well. worked at defensive tackle in after only two days of drills. Darren Scott, 6'--175, is up spring and progressed P.O. BOX 607 Defensive ends Donnie from JV. Scott could see a lot satisfactorily. Also played Sewell and Sheldon Hodge are of action and is a fine offensive tackle. prospect. Cox is a transfer from ---- Jay Godwin 6'2--180 pound Jackson, Mississippi. He is 6'- . --.. .---. ----- sophomore, should develop 200 lbs and a senior. It is hardto '< , ; "' ;\ : f Y.t\ ;, ". ELECT well this year. lie has a lot of evaluate him after only a I. .. potential for defensive end few practices but coaches r' position. think he will help defensively. r Two veteran linebackerswill He played defensive end and 1 FISHING :r -<,>, bolster the squad. Early offensive center in a ArthurSCHOOL ,,-.. Chandler and Dwight Barber. Mississippi.Scott LICENSES '".", t Chandler 5'11-175, is a two Pooser. 5'10-170, is a .' year letterman who runs the nose man (defensive middle : y 40 in 4.9 seconds. He is a good guard) who moved here from , >.,. hitter and should add a lot to Miami. He had a fine spring, ". ...,. the defense Barber is 5'10-170 is one of the quickest linemen, ,",' and serves as defensive with a good attitude. He is a Fish Wieghing Station ,t/fI'f./ i ', >, .' signal-caller. He runs the 40 in great competitor, Hurse says. Tr : 4.7 and will have a lot( of Allen Norton, 5'9-'175, letterman GUARANTY FEDERALFISHARAMASEPT.9 > : ...Ot.1 responsibility this year. looked good at of- it ---::-:.r-\. David Harper will be the fense in spring and is battle third linebacker and also for starting offense guard j;.. 1i BOARD offensive guard. Harper is 5'8- position. Take the children on a Fishing Trip this weekend >-......: -160. a letterman and Curtis Crawford, 5'9-150 *4 d tremendously strong. junior, will probably work at BUSH'S Sale! * i MEMBER Defensive tackles include linebacker. He lacks experience CLEAN-UP Mark Hildreth, Jimmy Clark but has good DISTRICT 1 .r.a COMMERCIAL USED COFFEE MAKER $99" .: Makes Hot Coffee and Hot Chocolate a'' : <: d.. COUNTY AT LARGE Bible Answers: "' LIKE BIKE- BICYCLEBUZZ $35 I..... ..:;>..--c."i'JI... NEW BANANA SEAT N a' ,. J. WHY AREN'T YOU MORE INTERESTEDIN Used Only Three Weeks Cost '59 1...,.,."':s... ..... THE SOCIAL GOSPEL? AUTO AND ' . iL1 ... '..I- ...!;;. .. TRUCK TIRES $3. $5. 10, EACH ': I i. + ; The social gospel Is a philosophy in religion that the church LAST ".. u." ......-"...: TRUCK MUD GRIPS $15 EA should concern itself with/ worldly problems rather than with CALL spiritual ones. It is more interested in ecology biology A vote for Arthur Gaskins is a vote for a wise phychology and sociology than in theology It is more concerned PLYWOOD BOATS ONLY 2 LEFT 40. about preserving the whooping crane and alligator than about preaching Christ the emancipator. It spends more time fighting BOAT TRAILER USED 145. investment in your childs future earthly pollution that MAY damage the body than with fighting spiritual pollution that will certainly damn the soul. 49 FISH STRINGERS 10 The social gospel philosophy is more interested in helping men and your tax dollarDue make a living than in helping them make a life. It is more con- FREE FISH LINE cerned with civil rights than with spiritual fights; civil disobedience - to property assessments at full evaluation drivers mechanics, and maintenance personnel to rather than scriptural obedience; communism rather with each reed fish pole you buy we need people on the board to watch every ex accomplish this. than faith repentance and baptism. ALL KINDS OF BUGS & PLUGSOE'c The social gospel! is a lame duck spiritually because it Is penditure to be sure we are getting our moneys without/ the power to fulfill the lasting needs of the human race.It . worth. For the School System and the taxpayers of With everyone working together we can have a preaches Christ as a great social reformer rather than as a WIGGLER WORMS "o"' the County. School System we can all be proud of, and can af spiritual savior. It limits His work to earthly benefits for mankind, ford. If this is not done our millage will soon be back and Paul said, IF IN THIS LIFE ONLY WE HAVE HOPE IN ZEBCO COMBINATIONS up We will need the cooperation of every board where it is now, and there will be people who will CHRIST WE ARE OF ALL MEN MOST MISERABLE (II I Cor. PADDLES $1" 15:19): ) Thus, at its best, social gospelism can only leave man 50" BOAT MADE member, administrative staff, principals, teachers, have a. struggle on their hands to keep their spiritually miserable, poor blind and naked) teachers aides, school lunch workers, janitors, bus property. Some will probably have to sell. CRICKETS. SHINERS MINNOWS. WORMSBUSH'S Southaide Church of Christ Give Arthur Gaskins A Chance To Prove To 3 Miles South of Starke on U.S. 301 w SupplyEVERYTHING You He Can Do The Job Send questions to: Schedule of Services TACKLE But th Fist*... . Casey A. Carlisle Sunday Your vote and active support will be appreciated Minister 10a m. Bible Study 6ARQ4Me PIOCED Paid Pol. Adv. Arthur Gaskins Rt.3, Box 58 11 am. Worship Worship ONE BLOCK OFF 301 ON EDWARDS RDI Starkn, Fla 645 p m _ -r 'OJ 4 >:nr 11 TILEGK\IMI ,August, 1171 .... ", ,..' u_' ',''', I I""" Starke's First Baptist Is Runner-Up In StateFirst ". .... .... '::1-1'11\" "..'......n:.._ ..,: Baptist of Starke win. St.l\Iary's\ was the 9-1 lead In the third inning homer to put Starke ahead 8-6. performance,' says Coach finished runner-up to Turkey defending state champion for Turkey Creek duplicated its In the bottom of the seventh Hatcher. & 7bt Creek Baptist in the Fla.State the past two years. In the first feat with another eight hits Hickory had runners on "The average age of our 10 Church League Tournamentin inning First Baptist had six and seven runs for a 16.1 lead. second and third with two outs starters was 21,5 years. If this Tallahassee, Aug 16-17, hits and scored five runs. First Baptist came back in the and their third and fourth ball club will\ stay together according to Coach Harry St.Mary's was never able to bottom of the third inning with hitters coming Melvin, the they will be the best in the up. " Hatcher. recover and Starke went on to five hits and five runs behind third batter, had: earlier hit a State of Florida, Hatcher In the first game First score 14 runs and held St.- 616. First Baptist just home run but he flied out to says. Baptist faced the Deacons out Mary's to two runs. couldn't keep up with Turkey tart fielder Randall McGee to Johnny Powell had an excellent - of Davenport. The game Johnny Powell went 3-for-5 Creek as they were defeated put First Baptist in the tournament and keptus started out very evenly with one home run. Randall 199. This game )put First Championship game against in the ballgame especially matched but Starke slowly McGee went 3-for-4 and Baptist in the loser's bracket. Turkey Creek. against Hickory when he pulled away and won the Donnie Bagwell went 3-for-4. First Baptist then had to In the finals against Turkey robbed the Milton team of two c aManager game 12.2.Bill Starke's First Baptist had 19 play Hickory Hammock out of Creek, Starke scored four home runs. McGee did an Kelton went 3-for-4 with hits and held St.Mary's to four Milton.: Turkey Creek earlier runs in the first inning but excellent job as he led the two home runs and six runs hits. had narrowly beaten Hickory Creek was still hot and team in hitting with a 650 batted in. Randall McGee In the finals of the winner's 9-8 in extra Innings. score five runs. The game average and hit two home went 3-for-5 with one home bracket First Baptist met The game started out very followed the same as the first runs. McLeod and Bill\ Kelton run. Danny McKinney went 3- Turkey Creek Baptist. At this evenly matched and after game. Turkey Creek always also did a real fine job. for-5, Wayne McLeod 3-for-4, point both teams had been three innings the score was 2- kept a step ahead of Starke. McLeod had one homer and Eddie Hazen 2-for-3 and Matt undefeated in 2 games. After 1, First Baptist leading. After Turkey won the game and the Kelton had three, Hatcher I Ii Hull for-4.. Overall First the first inning of play Turkey six innings of play the score State Championship with final stated i Baptist had 21 hits. Creek led 21. But things was tied 6-6. score of 2210."Overall Donnie Bagwell, veteran h' In the second game First quickly changed in the second, First Baptist was visitors in the Starke team starter for Starke, had a Baptist's faced St.Mary's out Turkey Creek erupted for the top of the seventh as played real well and I am tremendous tournament. He State Tournament: Harry llatchpi in Tallahassee accepts the,lug:second. 16 and place 17. trophy for the First Baptist team at the of Pensacola and got a 14-2 eight hits and seven runs for a Wayne McLeod hit a two run extremely pleased with our hit .647, the second highest JD I 5'-w- BHS Joins New Football ConferenceBradford e ke1'stGret s, JACKSON BUILDING SUPPLY State students which Ray9ts 1,900 puts High School is the Adding North Marion to thisyear's 0 ' them well out of Starke'sleague seventh member of the Big schedule caused the () Sun year Conference with Leesburg.beginning North this Palatka.osof\ the Next game year Palatka against Schedules. would not permit g6a f c.ro Cash & Of Starke, Florida, Inc. J'.cf<1 o0a between Starke and - Marion Forrest Ocala's and Gainesville's Vanguardand will consolidate with Centralto games Leesburg or Ocala Forest this "Peddlers Home Center"Damaged 9? Eastside and Buchholz. become a Class 4A school of year. Sale Starts Aug. 22 Specials To gain eligibility BUS must ThruAug31st play all six of the opposition 1974-75 Hunting JV Grid Practice schools but was unable to fit Panelling & Molding this schedule year Therefore.around the BHS teams will Season OfficialOn Under Way Er Closeout not be eligible for the con Junior Varsity footballersstart ference championship in Big September 1 to shape up for the up- ITEMS Acces.aries Sun this year.Machine. coming season this week with First official gun of the 1974- Seventh 75 Florida hunting season will from practive 4 p.m.sessions, Coach scheduled Harry : Pro-Finished sound on Sunday, September Hatcher said Tuesday. Bath Tubs $1500 1 1. with the opening of the From - will be (First practices in Molding In season for RegionalThe hunting migratory shorts,shoes and helmets with marsh hen and Florida full pad workouts set for early ' gallinule. 8' Batten 65cIntenor next week. Hatcher expects 40 - Green Machine's Men'ssoftball According to an announcement & Exterior team came home in by the Game and to 60 youngmen initially itself with 8' 1/s Corner 75 seventh place out of ten teams Fresh Water Fish Com- the squad trimming as trom the Regional Tour- mission the season, shooting time passes. K Doors 7' 84c. - nament held in Satellite Beach hours and bag limits for rails The first game for JV will be Stop 7 Sept 19 at Live Oak, Hatcher Aug 16.18.Green (marsh hens) and gallinule Machine saId. lie added that persons a'Shoe 59eT was are as follows: defeated 22-18 by Adaire who have not already reportedto Panelling Open Season-Sept 1-Nov 9. from the field house with their Landscaping and 16-7 by the Legal hours One-half hour $195 Casing $129 Copher Brothers of Tampa, to before sunrise to sunset. birth certificates and 4' X 8' Sheets be placed in the loser'sbracket Bag limits Clapper and physicals should do so immediately h aggregate.King rails, 15 singly or in participate if this they yearLet's .want to J j to gr Cap O/s Corner 99C Medium Pecan $699 EaEa.. 5/325/32" Skyline Pecan $699 Put Common Sense With $3900 8' Base $179 . 8' Cove $129 3.5mm Flakeboard Panels *3 99 Ea. Sound Business Practice In <;F 3 Patterns Our 4TX8T Sheets Of 1/4" Antique Oak $799Ea. CityGovernment Economy Board 1/4" Forest Birch $799Ea. We Don't Know The Proper Name But A A 0 1/4" Auburn Oak 7"E.. We Have A Good Price Just The Same Jf 5f Ea O II ELECT 4 j 3/16" Rustican Pecan $8"E Starke_ Store Only_ _, ,. MARC All Parrs 1/4" Granada Oak $1079 JACKSONYOUR ck III Tools BLPMobneWall . Bone $799Ea 1/4" Rio Grande In Stock 1 Gal Bucket White . City Councilman Regular Int-Ext-PVA 1 150L Off 3mm T"( Luana GROUP Fair Trade Price Finish cans $449. v- .,I or Coconut FAC List $A99 Check His Record ' Beautiful Shelving Boards on As A Business Man As A Civic Leader ** LFSiding Ext. Primer Or Oil 1 5/32" Acrytuff Cedar $699 . 1X12 No. 3 Pond Pine And Chech His Integrity Base Finish Coat Close Outs O 28 YEARS OF AGE BORN AND RAISED IN STARKE /, : Specials58"X4'X8' I FAC*13'3 List $999 1/4" Portsmouth Moss $C99 O VlCE.I HESIDE T JACKSON BUILDING SUPPLY ((11 Sheets Left) ** Ea. O PAST PRESIDENT CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Texture 1-11 $ 1 099 Ext. Acrylic Lite Luan $e99 O PAST PRESIDENT STARKE LIONS CLUB 1/4" e :MEMBER B. P. O. ELKS Hardboard Mopacote Med. Luan ea O :MEMBER FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 7/16" X 4' X 8' Smooth 8" oe. $1 079 FAC List $ 99 MARRIED TWO DAUGHTERS '11 '8 O 1X2 Rough Furring Strips l $3"Av 12" Lap Siding 2S.Bfl We Must Serve The people Ach'grfutely-RutAt 16 Ft. Slarke Store Only 8 Foot 29C The Lowest Cost PossiblePolitical / 5/8"X4'X8' Rough Sawn $1581 ((12" o.cl) Allot Above At Starke ,ONLY ( Advertisement. Paid for by Marc Jackson) Redwood 0 Flake Board Plywood 4'X8' "WE'RE ON THE 4' A o A.C. Exterior Plywood Sheets ENERGY TEAM !" 3/8" 399 'I 1/4" g90 j/2" $10 90 'I I m trying to use energy more efficiently-in my store / $499 and in my home. I don't t have as many lights burning in 5/8" 3/8" $890 3/4" $1390 /, the store as I used to, and I keep the place a little warmer in Slarke Store Only the summer and cooler in the winter. We don t burn as 1/2" CDX Sheeting $549 __ many lights at home either. And we use the car less- \____ Plumbing . not so many short,one-stop trips. These are all little things and has only Southern Yellow Pine Framing one person But that's the to Specials c ( way No. 2 & Better Grade beat the problem-a lot of people all /, doing little things to save energy 8' 10' 12' 14' They add upI h 16' Good Toilet With Picture $4999 "I I m with an oil company and I I'm /, Frame 2X4 870 $121 $169 $184 $288 these doing days a lot about of public the speaking energy _____ > Stainless Double $4795 2 X 6 $119 $239 $289 $339 $399 Sink situation.Talking to all sorts of Compartment groups about how to conserve energy. And what Steel 2 X 8 $429 $559 the oil industry is doing to help solve the energy With Faucet & Basket problem. I also listen to what people say and pass Check wIth us for all your hardware, electrical, plumbing, garden Check Our Wide Selection tools, tools paints and most other related along their feelings and opinions to my companyso power building supply or we can be more responsive: .' g ofColored household items. We pride ourselves in having as good if not better NailsMolding inventory than most stores of our oe. WE CAN PROVIDE FRIENDLIER J Solving the energy problem is a big job Let s do it together ROMPT DELI r TES . Thank You For Your Past Present Florida Petroleum Council & Future Patronage 111 North Gadsden Street Putty Sticks & Panel Adhesive & We Will Continue To Serve You BetterI Tallahasse, Florida 32301 . t 4 .. '.1 ' no'''...-." .,,,,,,,. ......,......,. .-..-....... .......,;...... ""...-.,.... .... ._. ...... .. .wi ... ....... m. ... .. .....m.. ...... .......... ..... .... ..........".-.... ..........---...--,...."'.... .... ......''' ...."....,.............".. .,,_1"..... ....... .." .. ....... ... '...... ...,....JI \..,......". ._.........,.,."..._..............,........_. "'..........,..._........,'..,......,..........._,.. ..._ .,.... ..._......,......._...... ;0" "'I' i ,! August 22. I 7I TELEGRAPH Page 15 I Florida Voters To Face Some Previously HAMPTON AREA NEWS by Josephine Fontaine -------------------- . Four AmendmentsFlorida Termed Ineligible:, CANDIDATES INVITEDTO Hampton Senior Citizensare have returned from vacationing Smoky Mountains while OPEN FORUM planning a good represen- in the Mountains of Gatlin- Steven is at camp. voters will be askedto The amendment relating to For Food StampsThe William II. Summers, out- tation at the meeting of the burg, Tenn. Mrs. NesSmith Mr. and Mrs. Joe Oliver register their approval or disabled persons adds Food and Nutrition spoken critic of the Hamptoncity North Florida Coalition of says she would like to live have been vacationing in the disapproval in the November physical handicaps to race US. administration, has invited Senior Citizens, to be held at there. Carolinas. They visited the of the FNS Service ) ( general election of four new and religion as characteristicsfor all candidates for officein Starke in the Pratt Recreation Charles and Jo Ann Hicks, Tabernacle Baptist Church in proposed constitutional which denial of con- Department of Agriculture for the the September city electionto Center. Sept. 3 at 10 a.m.CHURCH their son Randy, and daughter Greenville, S. C. where they amendments. stitutional rights is issued new regulations participate in an open Laura, have returned from were the guest of Rev and II approved, the four specifically prohibited food stamp program. forum discussion at the NEWS camping in Highlands and Mrs. Oliver Green. measures would: The school bonds amend- The new regulations Hampton City Hall Monday Rev Hamel, pastor of the Ashville N. C., where Charles Mrs. Shirley Hamel and her Grant the Judicial ment was sponsored by State became effective Federal upon night Aug. 26, at 8 p.m. First Baptist Church of got mountain fever and wantsto mother are in California Qualifications Commission School Superintendent Ralph publication in the The meeting will be under Hampton, announces the go back. where they are visiting rela States must nearly lull independence from Turlington, a former Register, July 15. of the guidance of a moderator, opening of a Christian Schoolon Mr. and Mrs. Howard Rowe tives. the Florida Supreme Court, legislator, during the 1974 complete implementation which Mr. Summers said, and all August 27, prekindergarten and daughter, Grace, for- Mr. and Mrs. R. V and increase the panel's session. Without the amend- the new provisions city candidates will be alloted through 12th grade. merly of Jacksonville are Durrance of Hampton Lake ability to investigate past ment,authority to issue school directly relate households to the certification five minutes to explain why The young people of the making Hampton their new have a new motor home conduct of judges. construction bonds, backed by of by they are seeking the office, church left last Saturday for a home.( Mrs. Rowe will be camper, and they enjoyed a Provide that 1 Floridians the gross receipts utility tax, November 1. 1974 for all new how they will work toward a week at Bill Rice's Ranch at remembered as Barbara Jean camping trip in the mountainsof cannot he deprived l of their would expire on June 30, 1975. applications and any sub- better Hampton, and what Murfreesboro, Tenn. Mark Hhoden. Nashville Tenn. constitutional! rights because The tax will provide about $38 sequent applications and by steps they have in mind for NOKMA: SWEENEY and Rhonda Brown are the Mr. and Mrs. Contoise are Mrs. Ethel Tidwell is home fiscal March 1, 1975 for all other achieving their goals. in South Florida after spending some time in they are phyjically han- million in the next yearto DISCUSSES; BHAZIL chaperones.PERSONALS vacationing dicapped. pay off future school construction households.The "After the fiveminutetalks where they are camping with Bradford County Hospital. -Continueauthority to issue new regMliUons will the voters will be invited I their five children.Mr. Mrs. Marjoe Harris is home bonds lor higher education make the following changes: to talk with each candidate Norma May Sweeney was a Mr and Mrs. J. R and Mrs. Wallace after having surgery in the construction\ and allow the lh& Old 1i/rnEJ ---Broaden eligibility 1 eliminating any trace of visitor at the Hampton NesSmith, of Hampton Lake Collins are vacationing in the Medical Center Gainesville categories to include the animosity, Christian Church last profanity, personal Sunday- - revenue to be used to build SALE I elementary, middle, and high .(} elderly in federally sponsored etc.," Mr. Summers said, but she was really just schools, well housing,and drug addicts and "but the public will be en- coming home, as she is from as as university buildings.Extend. J alcoholics in private nonprofit couraged to mention their Hampton originally and the \ i; residential treatment likes and dislikes in building a Hampton Christian Church. authority to issue lri nspora lion bonds, 11 facilities. bigger better, and more Miss Sweeney has spent the PUBLIC NOTICE the --Allow the elderly to use friendly Hampton for one and past 19 years as a Missionary \ revenue could w Mr-a* v j*i"Saving providing lor any sort of transportation is simple just food meals coupons in specified to communal purchase all." fourth to Brazil furlough, and is home now on during her not just! highway make than more money jour situations. dining that time. She is stationed at construction\ family can spend: Require states to give Cattle present in Sao Paulo (St. Paulto welfare recipients the optionto Rustling us), Brazil, and spoke to the have the costs of their congregation about her work coupons deducted from their Growing with both the adults and StaIHng's grant and the coupons mailedto children of that country. She LUMBERIAJi them. Rampant also brought a display of Allow recipients affectedby precious stones that are to be the unavoidable break- Hustlers made off with 4/0<; lound in Brazil, some necklaces - down of food stamp equipmentto ,hand-carved boat, and a -- head of cattle worth $112,2(10( CiraceryRemaining apply for food stamps under Brazilian Bible. -No: 2 Yellow Pine emergency eligibility stan- Commissioner through May of of Agriculture this year Miss Sweeney will be dards. Doyle Conner reported. touring the U. S., visiting 2x4x8 . . each 88 ---Require that income churches, until next May include the actual value of when she will return to her Stock Will Go On 2x4x l(> . . euch 51.282x4x14..each'1.85 housing received in kind froman That's an increase of 179 missionary work in Brazil.SYMPATHY . employer but not in excessof percent in number of animals $25 per month. stolen and a 103 percent increase - 'Allow households living in in value over the same : 2x4x16 . each '2.06 remote areas of Alaska to use period last year Conner said. The Hampton Senior SALE During the first five monthsof food coupons to purchase Citizen's Club wishes to extend - 2'4x18. . . each *2.56 certain hunting and fishing 1973, there were 165 animals sympathy to Joe equipment for procuring food. stolen with a value of $55,383, Kerrigan, who is president of Plywood Particle Board --Require that recipients be stated Conner. the Starke Senior CHizen'sClub. Fri. Aug. 23rd citizens of the USA or legally on the death of his wife _ 1/2X4X8-4-PLY 5/8X4X8 permanent residents. "Despite the fact that cattle -.-Ban participation by prices have dropped and we Dorothy. SHEET SHEET strikers after a court has are seeing lower meat pricesin $S.95 S4.QQ KECUEATION: : the market, thievery still is determined the strike illegal. The Hampton SeniorCitizen's 5D % on the increase, Conner said. --Reduce from 15 to 10 days Club held their off SHEET ROCK the advance households notice whose period Thieves compared took with 81 head 11 in in May.May regular meeting August 16. given I/2x4xl2/ . . "sheet *3.30 benefits are being reduced or 1973. In April, thieves took 30 Mrs Happy Belle Birthday Brown was and sung all to cattle and one hog. terminated. enjoyed cake and punch and (CASH f antl CARRY Provide for a standard Red meat production in coffee. Ruth Dennison won the utility allowance unless the April was 4'J-163,2(; pounds door prize, and game prizes Remaining Stack LQNGCHRMPSBuilding recipient can verify his actual with inspectors condemning went to Frances \Vads\vorth, : costs. Evelyn Vaughan and Ruddy 370,400 pounds as un --Require recipients to wholesome. DeWaters. The next meetingwill Starke Materialsu. Poultry 102 E. Brownlee report changes in their in- production was 13,088,218pounds be a pot-luck Dinner on , 301 SOUTH STARKE: PH. 964-6853 come and deductions within with 1,032,109) pounds Sept. 6 at 6 p.m. Regular ten days, if the change is $25 condemned as unfit. meeting will follow or more. , AREA VOCATIONAL-TECHNICAL CENTER fe. c* ( \ BRADFORD-UNIONse : # The North Florida Crown Counties v 9 : ot' Fall Registration ":qJooO' t Registration For All Classes Listed Below Begins Friday, August 23 thru Sept 6 OO,. O,. C Register From 8 A.M.10 P.M. Mon Thursday & 8 A.M.-4 P.M. On Fridays ""ftli" CLASSES BEGIN AUGUST ,. All Courses V. H. Approved DAY COURSES ADULT EDUCATION VOCATIONAL-TECHNICAL COURSES ..' Adult BasicAmerican Auto Mechanics I Horticulture I & II History Building Trades-Masonry I & II Radio & T.V. Repair I & II/ . English Building Trades-Carpentry I & II/ Sewing I & II/ High School Review Business Machines Basic Typing Math Cooking & Baking II Advanced Typing Computer Science Vocational Office Education-Clerical G.E.D. Data Processing Vocational Office EducationSecretarialTESTING SCHEDULE Diesel Mechanics I CosmetologySeniors or Adults 18 yrs old with 10th grade completed.Sept. . 9-13 1974 Drafting I & II Heavy Equipment Operator and-or Maintenance. Must be 18 years old. Dec. 2-6 1974 Electronic Technology I Commercial Vehicle Driver-8 week course-must be 21 years old. Mar. 3-7 1975 ., " Jun. 2-6 1975 Registration FOP RH Classes Wit Be Held Rt The Vocational Center EVENING COURSESCOURSE DAY HOURS LOCATION COURSE DAY HOURS LOCATION Adult Basic M & W 7-10 PM RJE Kung Fu-Karate To Be Arranged Vo-Tech Adult Basic M & W 7-10 PM Lawtey Music Appreciation To Be Arranged"' Vo-Tech Adult Basic T & Th 7-10 PM Vo-Tech Bunko Embroidery Mon MO Vo-Tech Adult Band '.. Tues 7.10 PM Vo-Tech Auto Mechanics To Be Arranged VoTechBeginning ( ) : ;;', Shorthand To Be Arranged. Vo-Tech Adult Band' Thurs 7.10 PM Vo-Tech Typing To Be Arranged .r Vo-Tech (Advanced) Lineman & Cables. To Be Arranged L Vo-Tech . Algebra I M & W' 7-10 PM Vo-Tech Sewing (Lawtey) To .Be Arranged :\ < .. l r Vo-Tech ; ". Art. Thurs 7.10 PM Hampton Radio & T.V.Basic To Be Arranged \ Vo-Tech ' Americanism vs. T & Th 7-10 PM Vo-Tech Cake DecoratingBookkeeping To Be Arranged ;. Vo-Tech Communism MTWTH .6.10.i' Va-Tech. '. American History M & W 7-10 PM V -Tech Diesel Mechanics To Be Arranged Vo-Tech English T & Th 7.10 PM Vo-Tech Refrig. & Air Cond. To Be Arranged Vo-Tech General Math M & W 7-10 PM Vo-Tech .Sewing (Starke) To Be Arranged Vo-Tech High School Review M & W 7-10 PM Vo-Tech Basic Recruit Peace Officer Training 320 Hours ((20 Hours a week) . Arty Tues To, Be Arranged Driver Education To Be Arranged To Arranged Vo Brooker-Tech All Registration Will Be Ht: The Vocational Center I Health Education (Women) To Be Arranged To Be Arranged Call 9S4-6 50 Health Education (Men) To Be Arranged To Be Arranged - All Classes Will Be Arranged To Meet Your Schedule Where Possible! . . y (' 16 TELEGRAPH August 22, 1914 Three Phase Murder Trials Opens Dove Season Oct. 5 : Are SetTrial I , I w f Y ; sN date has been set for entering and grand larceny. A Florida sportsmen will n MH two defendants charged with Eddie Kenny Bradley, again have the opportunity to second-degree murder by assault with intent to murder; hunt dove during a three- Judge Wayne Carlisle. David Isaac Kersey, robbery phase hunting season for a On Monday, Aug. 12, in David Griffin aggravated total of 70 half-days of hun Bradford County Circuit assault. ting. As during past seasons, Court, Judge Carlisle set the Transferred to the juvenile hunting will be allowed from date of Oct. 8 to begin trials of division were the cases of 12 noon to sunset with a daily Lillie Mae Hood and Willie !Leon Bell, 17, charged with limit of 12 birds Jenkins, both( of Starke. breaking and entering and While the three phase Hood will be tried in the Dwight Martin Goettsch 17, a season has not been officially pistol shooting death of her for falsely reporting a bom- adopted by the Game and husband J. C. Norris and bing, Fresh Water (Fish Commission Jenkins for the death of Cleo Francis Leo Moss, 41, pled the proposed seasons McNeal.A guilty to escape charges and are as follows: October 5 thru Bradford County Grand was sentenced to 4 years The November 3, November 16 Jury returned an indictmentof sentence to be in addition to through December 1. and second-degree murder the one now being, served. December 21 through January against both defendants on A psychiatric examinationwas 13. July23. ordered by the court in According to Commission Also to be> tried on other the case of Samuel Lee Director Dr. O. E. Frye, the tt charges are the following Harris, charged with Commission has traditionally L Th defendants who were aggravated assault. selected the split type dove arraigned Monday: ! hunting season in order to Joseph John Smith, AnthonyLee -------- -' provide maximum hunting Middle; School Perfect Attemlersto 1 1 I Martin and Norman Sta- FOR SALE: Tapes, 3M double opportunity for Florida pleton charged with escape stick 1/2 inch, and 3/4/ inch sportsmen The early season !l[ !!l/ffI \Nort Bradford Middle School students were cited for perfect attendance for the 1)73-7I!) school Donald Dennis Barnes, wide magic tapa. Also allows a harvest of dove that year. Edward Derrell Mathis and Masking Tape 3/4 inch, 1 would otherwise migrate ? HISIOIV They are: Janice Jockel, Marion Elizabeth Puttman, llikekrldge, Randy Andrews Julius Lynn McKenzie inch, 1 1/2 inch, and 2 inch through the state and be lost Frailer Bass George Holiday, Raymond Trainor, Leonard Johnson, Valerie Chandler, Teresa charged with breaking and tape. All at The Office Shop.Stump's . for all practical purposes. DUVALfiCOUNTV Milliard,Kart'nl.ynneJohns (perfect attendance for six years), Teresa Knrpprr. ('hull.ynne . .".". . . . . .. :. :. .. I ; ; ; ; ; . . The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Starling Deborah Lynn Thomas, Timmy Cissy! Itenita Jean Norman Dale Rogers, Marvin ..A..A.. . . . . . . . . . Service establishes hunting Lamar Tyson. Melanie Morris! Edmoml Johnson Tim Kelley, Thomas Chris Williams! , regulations for all migratory Frederick Levon Woods (perfect attendance for seven years), Teresa Itoyce.Dwayne Carlton, game birds and the states Rowland Cummings Marvin Sanders Katherine Covington William Adams Leslie Bedford Some people believe that may select an open season Teresa Booth, Tammy Kelley Alisa! Morris Elaine Nugent Karen Ann Reddish (perfect attendance "hot cross buns" will keep within a general Federal for eight years), Elaine: Bishop Jackie Kirkland Shirley Johnson, Tony Itlckman for a year without becoming (framework but may not exceed : Oliver Marks,and standing with student! Principal Lennard Register.Ciirl moldy, and hang them up for good luck I S S total allowable days ESTAOl/SHCD , IN FLORIDA -------- Dr. (Frye said. WAS DUVAL. IT IS S. t -------------- NAMED FOR THE 1 to date: "1 can't let Ants :: . Fire The IncreaseIn S. IU SALE:: Notebuekslenlo FIRST, TERRITORIAL .' .'; >ou goon taking me to these on |>.i ls. envelopes| GOVERNOR4'.J.t:; :, expensive placjs; Stan, :. :. in.irkrrs. adding machinemil; WILLIAM POPE. N ., : .1 unless you start picking up I'lisli. rt'H./ IHlI'I'| | Tin Olfin! .....DUVAL.run.." "I I ho i'y checks.jo.iLhxn" C.irtoonft" ol ISo Bradford And Elsewhere . !Shop. ", nn, , Imported fire antsI ith grounds and playgroundswhere the original cost. their sometimes deadly sting, they arc a menace to Under current regulationsof are continuing to spread over young children, Conner said. the Environmental lilt liii (Florida, and are on the increase They are also a danger to Protection Agency, extra FRANK in Bradford County, young livestock, which are caution must be used in according to County Agent known to have died from the treating fire ants around any Bobby Taylor. poison stings of ants bedding pond, lake, river, or stream Commissioner of m pastures. with Mirex. In some areas, .S S S .S S S .. ..S. S S.r Agriculture Doyle Conner Taylor said that the cost of aerial application is not WILLIAMSFights says that fire ants now infest :11 irex, frequently used for fire allowed within four miles of some 24 million acres-more. ant control is continuing to the coast. than. half of the 37.5 million rise By next year, he said the acres of land in (Florida. Fire cost is expected to reach 25 Taylor said that a supply of iints arc now invading school cents a pound almost triple Alirex bait is available at the Agricultural Building at a cost of $8 per 50-pound bag for any Hot Weather And landowner who wishes to Far apply it to his property on an individual basis. He said the \il Fish Kills Go TogetherWith State Plant Board also $1 799 .' : \ operates a lly-in service to considerable a fish kill. distribute Mirex by plane and I Lower1 Find regularity!\ during the warm It is important to remember this service would be House of spring. md summer months, however that algae available here if a sufficient Came and Fresh Water Fish blooms are not all bad. They number of landowners signed \ Commission offices serve as a source of food for up for it, Taylor said. Equitable RepresentativesDISTRICT throughout the state receive small lish and are detrimentalto C'hlordane dust or spray can telephone calls from alarmed a lish population only when also be used to fight fire ants, . 25 citizens urging. the agency, carried to extremes. This the county agent said. , I "Si-nd somebody out right extreme is evident in :areas of There have been reports of (DEMO) TaKes away. All my lish are dying!" heavy pollution and in ut least two persons in the l According to Commission agricultural pasture land or Orlando area and Pinellas lisheries biologist Gene even lawns where fertilizer ('uuntylho have been stung g Godwin, while the grieving may wash into a pond increasing by fire ants with near fatal pond owner usally imaginessome its enrichment results. Steadfast Williams- ) dreaded. fish disease or repulsive p.lrasite attack the * JJt s 1 problem. is often a lack of U1illi jojtbaCt urges a oxygen. This l Lu k ot oxygen is : usually attributed to algae Re-Elect CHARLES DETER 1\1 tlla e l"r.juiu:."'Ju':.) mill i I I age bloom blooms.generally The intensity controls of the the I S C Il 1 ILL rI2: ! On on severity of the fish kill \ ) e enndum YOUR vote . vran u"e Described by many us pond ; \\et'l'esel'\aU'Ie B\\\'IIc'II'h\ \0 "aten\ Johns ttu;rollback scum, algae is a living plant CITY COUNCILMAN a OI1 1.\\1' 1 and like all plants, it requires w: 4Ip: GROUP 5 draW counde4 \S q:welt both carbon dioxide andoxygl'n Store ;a; Bl'adON \ too +ceeaso 1.\\ RESIDENT OF STARKE 25 YEARS Dept. iiAlustanej a e ;kwf to grow. Both of these 's roUh ckwMlarns, ; wip .... >trI1W aeeekb'1tSt8dvar tes\dl gases are dissolved in water A MAN OF PROVEN ABILITY -' ; \p Representative Frank Ayyoe who Very' , ..'' \a amgbyTOm\\ Williams proposed and are used in the processes .\f STa"'DS FOR BETTER . : r it.i\ot\ .-whit deSCfl as{"a\ t amendment to House) Bill nFor of photosynthesis.Plant respiration. and i- :.". ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICESYour CJOQlJQC) [! ( 0f( Jrul3 -:; Appears ll1ally 11'1..ir Tjl meanlnti 1331 last Wednesday which respiration like 0 \' ca1; Hwy 301 South /troPert be CltizellS end e _one eftC would have provided for a animal respiration usesoxygen Vote And Support Will Be AppreciatedPaid Starke 'rlares tae trf.ere The' OOSe millage: rollback in proper- and gives off carbon // ff"9tt'a slg jlll ', dioxide. In the of ( Pol. Adv I -Djs'ye: : ti"fn<* ferr:" tion to the increase in new process i tit o somete Frank men photosynthesis the algae * > ct2s legisl. assessments caused by thetfe2 absorbs carbon. dioxide and : t Ss&S e! Upcoming! valuation -- - -- - --- _ : $ do ? : Il.errya4ll E' pro- givesolf oxygen which 'is then -- -- 4 ' gOOSe areIII Serj safe. ?sibs ton age j lea roll alJ W a TheFro"lJrE': 'OAH to ;available Most: oxygen lor I lish.depletion lish / Corral Round Up r egg'. '. k 8,f ;gtklJ 7t fasiS; $611: tv.h' ee ::cfec rea'e r m Taxa pass 1 9h 0:1r"," :1//0: E' kills occur following during: extended or immediately = S golrt. lakj.. 9 "' . f 'ar,,. Is 3E periods of heavy cloud cover ?; ; toi1bc1ck1 IrI'P l PSPI *E'3 or the darkness.rate. in which During oxygen this lime I is Caught l.r Mittage ern ) E: en iafirarlo produced through I . bag"e: o<:- / photosynthesis is decreasedIrom I Some Super Summer / . ;.tr rPrnr .'ghrea 01' R.7I that produced during : qtBARGAUNS9A& e, /11 l7b b"Oi"IPd Ii"k" d" sunny days. r Fails' ; Williams" < "P P"t4t: ) Oq"d"'d I,. /0.7/! occur in warm periods during j r tor"p < isla ,Jt ,j winter months resultant fish ( I :'I: bl/l;; Coo Re// IayrI ro tfe..ts kills are limited mostly to J >0 Again "'4"q nq"I 9"I' 0r9, l.QfI CO spring and summer when < Try F. water eo.5 raid "e-/ ?rrwide temperatures are . to h""",'he': ., k.PI} 'an higher. The ability of water to ' :; lit ,, Come By & Check Now r; hold is decreased oxygen as I rbed 01' tax THe T .evVnKm. u %U.WX' XSf 4 1&L! water temperatures increase. ji X _ .s>: Rep. Fra,; kSR'l ants E State said 1 "The b po looming! : Thill' o day, 1\1'4 proposed hike thc 4 p ,0" 1'0" 'ho .ation 01 all depletions may cause fish ) amendment to house Bill ahead u 4' rPry Owr/g4rs prPr count tot. kills. In polluted water, bluegrel'n Ar ; ; I' I1ltitf'.t have pI'OVmandatDr) ; o 4"ors o : 1331 which would hOf'Pd" '' ns" pyrpa.fiits full value algae blooms may giveotf ; ; ided millapo rollback Inproportion propertY in'pb sad /0 a' toxins which are poisonousto ! d e to t.. :. to the Increase! In per cent 0'o!''as/s: 14j:40 / got pass a fish. Once any algae blooms .. new assessments! caiiscd by \getrull' A'" ''';(>)dar/naI de4e ewerdback I or the reach a certain concentration, New / ' .. ; f Models Arrive , :, ,the upcoming revulllatif'n| l "'I/j 4 'If'' thI f ba tf +ner In this state it will start to die off resulting ( , :.l program failed to pass thu se'vei-ovnernullec prg4rs awefir"li, "/>,. >be severely hurt in aerobic decay of plant cells. Finance awl T.IalOlCom.: sadlr f>e't 0/4" Plan .)isms. This process! also uses up Z.:', but he plans to inlro- gerrd+'''y w rbPbr 10"drbat .)us county dC) ASS68 oxygen and may also result in We Want To Clear f9' - duce the :same; amendment bPr. Ida ;Pr the the bill comes before sorb e,., IPPa/ v" .ave predicted that the I when I + the full Legislature 'h 'e-It )1' at'P 0 r4/ 'ilte./luatio n program will 1 ? ei \ foorNort ; \ ,. Bill 1331 deals pn- 4"'eoIIl'e ) : ; House r, 8'to. C'01l/ hf'/roeP barP :,, .SUNSHINI SI Aft IN HISTOIV manly wIth tax assc"oUI'.t rty! percent or mere if the ,, mil a/d y 'JPd ; \ 4ngsOw'P assessments so ,, legislature :;. and tar < doesn't pass a A DEVASTATINGHURRICANE ' 1"01) ' :; I.age rollback proponents tyroorbs ::9; '.oafs' w4lc, '/ nillage rollback. "HIT THE ' s;. It is a goodclucle to or.l" C'01l. If.lit.: UPPUU< .YS seer, 2, Savings Galore1'lIg Th : 193 f. UPWARDS Of *1COplOPlt .a PCCIJHCD. THC : ... STORM ALSO DESTROYED at Keep Frank Williams/ ; 0AIPOC-h-- AND aYFLALSSRAfROAD TRACK USED - TO I Mustang i JJ - 4 ,4. y as Kerr wn For Volt Mobile Homes -- LYI Working> .. NLtevCANeMaVVU = ' .' NIAfjaAfobD.4 1650 N. Temple Ave y ts f r / ( (Political,,, "'M"'._' Paid for by Frank Williams,, ) Starke, 964-7212 ' I . e..o.>> n.wa tIt . . $ TELEGRAPH Page 17 25 Earn L Adjustment Board Making StraightA's 1Iir IIWM ,' Progress On 61 Petitioners AtBMS before the board. Facts from No meeting date has been value of their land has been realtor's or other additional ' a set by the Bradford County reached. information must show that Board of Adjustment but some More than 20 adjustmentshave the value of the property is progress is being made to been made to his less than assessed before 1T.Ili. decide on the actual cash satisfaction of property adjustments will be made. .p a A value of land contested by owners who issued complaints Five-day notices will be sentto A group of 25 students t petitioners calling for lower before the board on July 25. petitioners before the time I earned straight A's at assessments.Gene However, the board reports when the board will hear their Bradford Middle School of Long, county tax that nothing can be done to requests, long said. some fifth six 1,200 weeks.attending for the assessor reported an ap- help the persons who failed to Long says that market pointment with an attorney sign and file argicultural value equals what a willing The fifth six weeks honor representing the Holiday Inn. applications.Long buyer would give a willing those The Inn claims that their explained that the seller, neither being bound to roll earning grades of B $767,323 valuation is ex- April deadline for those applications buy or sell. "Assessing is an or higher numbered about 123, cessive. In prior years the is the same as art, not a science and an student 10 per cent of the value has been placed at homestead exemption and if appraisal within 10 percent is Straight body.A students w t ) $293,550, the attorney says. not turned in, extra tax must real close," Long said. are: Long says that 61 persons be paid until the next year Long said he has made some will need to appear before the when the document is signed. adjustments where he was r Linda Eighth Grade board for final decisions The burden of proof rests absolutely convinced ad- Mr. Richardson and Mrs., daughterof Tillman because no agreement on cash with petitioners who appear justments were justified. Richardson of Starke. Neva Flynn, daughter of , Mr. and Mrs. George Flynn of r ,1 9 i WALL TO WRLL Starke. Christie Redding, daughter , of Rev. and Mrs. Norman Redding of Starke. 1x CRRPET CLERN1NCSPEOHLIST 1 Kenny Rodnque son of Mr. h and Mrs. A. P. Rodrique of Pictured are students that made straight A's at the .. Starke.Carolyn Roller daughter of Bradford Middle School for the 5th six weeks grading period.They Clay Paving & Construction AND DYEING . Mr. and are, front row (l-r): Terl Bement Sandra Darley Mrs. Roller George of , Lawtey. Sylvan Williams; 2nd row: Chuck Johnson, Darlene Shirley 473-2127 COMMERCIAL CIRCLE KEYSTONE Lord Stinson Carolyn Nolles Neva Flynn Jamie Jockel Darlene Shirley, daughterof Mr. and Mrs. Frank Shirleyof Michele Wright; kneeling: Christie Redding Tracy George. Drive Ways Parking Areas Susan Massey Sharrie Dobbs Linda Richards Cilitia Starke. Hawkins; standing: Kenny Rodrique, Kevin Miller. Richard Fill Dirt Co. and 0 Lori Stinson daughter of Miracle Carpet Cleaning Dyeing Mr. and Mrs. Wildon Stinson Smith Joey Riggs, Linda Johns, Irene Wainwright. Sara d S of Hampton. liiggs and Andrea Eaves, Land Clearing Lime Rock Glenn W. Smith Textile Dyer and Chemist Cilita Hawkins daughter of & Clay o Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Mr. and Mrs. T. H. Bement of Lori Shinn Susan Talcott, KL REEVES 108 E. Call St. Starke, Fla. ((904)964-5355) (904)473-3406( ) Hawkins of Starke. Starke. Kevin Tillman, Marvin Tyson, FREE ESTIMATES Sandra Darley, daughter of Debbie Harper Randolph OWNER CALL NOW FOR FREE ESTIMATE Seventh Grade Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Darley of Blankenship, Teresa Boyce S Sherri I Dobbs, daughter of Starke. Julie Chambers, Linda Hall, ---- ' Mr. and Mrs. Robert Dobbs of Joey Riggs son of Mr.\ and Carlos Hernandez Tim Kelly Starke. Mrs. D. A. Riggs of Starke. Virginia Kenney, Jack S Andrea Eaves, daughter of McKenzie, Freddie Mack, e Mr. and Mrs. Jack Eaves of Other A-B honor studentswere Henry Pete, Kendall Thomp- e5 Starke.Tracy George daughter of Eighth: grade Matthew son.Sixth grade Tina EveryDayLowPrice FOOD EveryDaylowPrice Mr. and Mrs. William Georgeof Box Mark Box Janet Boyce Chasteen, Retania Coleman, Starke. Cindy Canova, Chris Crews Virginia Crawford, Lou Ann Linda Johns daughter of Paul DeArmond, Ricky Johns DuBose, Christie Faulkner, Freezer QueenDINNERS NIBLETS WHOLJ2RNEL: Mrs. Virginia Johns of Starke. Charles Register, Priscilla Terry Goodge,Betty Herndon, FAIR Susan Massey daughter of Stalnaker, Kathy Taylor Cynthia Lawson Teena CORNGREEN Mr. and Mrs. S. B. Massey of Merrl Arwood, Cheryl Norman,Tammy Powell, Lisa o. Lawtey. Boyette, Phylis Contreas, Reddish Craig Scott, Sherree GIANT Sylvan Williams daughterof Rhonda Griffis Becky Harper Shinn, Deborah Overstreet, SUPERMARKETS Mr. and Mrs. Albert Yolanda Hernandez, Ann Brooks, Rhea Corbett STARKE'S Williams of Lawtey. Laytonya Johnson, Tammy Timmy Gissy, Mary Griffis, 17oz GOLDEN CORN Sarah Biggs daughter of Kelly, Christopher King Mike Griffis, Raymond 320 SOUTH CREAM STYLE Mr. and Mrs. Bobby Biggs of Peggy Moran, Karen Reddish Hillman, Teresa Knepper 2 Lb. Pkg. WALNUT ST. Starke. Donna Samons Guy Smith Rhonda Norman, Paula 99C .0Ar1 VfftvDIV 0 ....LOW. SONY1 PRICES Sun OOOO ROOD BIVINtMNU Irene Wainwright, daughterof Gerry Sullivan Sonya Tenly. Parker, James Roberts and weD AUO 3B IBM QUANTITY Mr. and Mrs. Ed Wain- Peggy Morgan. Karen Red- Pamela Underhill. All Varieties NIGHTS_' RISIRWIOon_ _ _ 379EvetyDayLowPrice wright of Starke. dish, Donna Samons, Guy jrt plsnid to accost Carla Wright, daughter of Smith, Gerry Wullivan Sonya Except Sliced Beef & Gravy IL1D.IL FOOD STIMPCOUPONS Mr. and Mrs. Earl Wright of Tenly. Hawthorne. Seventh grade Angela VET NEWSST. Andrews, Duane Baldwin _ Sixth: Grade Marlene Campbell. Vickie PETERSBURG T T Edu -- Karen Lynne Johns, Corbitt, Lisa Crawford, Bruce cational EverypayLowPrice BonusBuy training under the GI daughter Robert Johns of of Mr.Starke.and Mrs. Donley Tamera Etheridge Bill is not limited to classroom Carolina. !: Prizc| { I I IFtOMOAGRADC'A1 FRESH k CRISP John Eaves, Lee Felton, Joey _ type learning, W. B. Janice Ann Jockel says B B , , daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jana Funnell Godwin, Timmy, Marcia Gaskins Goodge, Mackall Florida's director Division of the Stateof of _____Sliced/ ________'T__ 'r FRESH CaliforniaWHOLE Richard Jockel of Starke. : Nelson Green, Carol Hayes, Veterans Affairs. Leonard Johnson son of Sharon Hobbs Sheila Holmes , Mrs. Anna Ruth Johnson of Donna Johnson. Debbe Kite. _ Starke. )Helen Kuhne Tom Lock, There are many good woo rnu rooD r.n _ Kevin Miller, son of Mr. and Melody McDonald Melanie paying jobs for which __ 2 PERBAG . Mrs. John Miller of Starke. skills are LARGE Morris, Patty Mullins, Pat specialized _I LhUDtE _ Richard Smith son of Mr. Mundorff, Jeff Norman, required, so the GI[ Bill offersa _:_ HEAD___ and Mrs. E. J. Smith of Nancy Payne, Cherry program of apprenticeshipand _ Starke. Prevatt. Cassie Reddick, on-the-job training. While Teri Bement, daughter of Montez Ritch, Dale Rogers, you are learning you are also EvcryDaylowPrk EvcryDayLowPikc'M EveryDayLowPrkc EveryDaylowPdce EveryDaylowPrkcKIBILAOf sonus8uy BonusBuy earning, and receiving GREENDELl kt M>.IO f M UftVt BOSTON.L40I inEN CALIFORNIA' TMOMPIOM Veterans Administration pay- Cubed BeefPATTIES MEATLOAF Pork Shoulder GROUND CHUCK GREEN SEEDLESSGRAPES WHY ments to supplement your MIX ROAST REEF ROAST CABBAGE WILL YOUR MONEY EARN l' 4 O 0 SETTLE income.For instance if you are ....,. 199 iO 79LI io 711i DueA.Ln79c VVu 1? 9C LYft 39 C? FOR LESS? single and take on an approved - program of apprentice training the Veterans Ad- FIRST TWO ministration will pay you $160a SS KINO SIX* PACKER OPIN PI1 month for the first six ((6) LABEL BAH mQUSAUCE MORTGAGESPROVIDE PROGRAMSAVAILABLE months. In addition, your BREAD MUSHROOMS rkl employer will be paying you regular wages for that job. 1. 14% Annual'/Arturn I "un'ONLY -it oool Together they add up to a ..eN 2* ftNvrt Atonthly T.' .PaymtntX ,"In.nm"nt .(l:I w.nlhly til klm'flt 11..NICK.nINN_p..d.N INVIlTMIMtlltutNIO ; 41 program is hard of on-the-job to beat. If trainingthat it has COMPARE O 0.:...'.%'O .UP.r. :COMPARE, >::0': : '. (COMPARE U UUI'I: :,:' .";:' 4. rintMiitFtorltf '.\wI" WltH, Hit ,n. been less than eight (8) years .II.*,butt "MINI" since you left the service, and I Pork Loin Chops .,.::e, .. 98c ". I Franks Oscar Mayer "':' J.,; 99 20 IYLA 5. C.rp.r.tt ProrvCarp. ,..... 2. ill' .OMODTItlNO-tl 000 . N...rfr.0l .... .,......,.. your GI[ Bill entitlement has 01 01. i /AN.-rIIrn.l i S I'd "" u "u. ', 8 '0. PY"'INIr Hld 'menthly.m.' payment' I ISIOJ .1 nNOSA1ISCHARCI not been used you may be Cornish Hens QUICK)U AVO MOIN!. 69 10. Skinless I Franks :::: 59 unny Sausage 'FN: ;;,' 1 03 eligible for up to two ((2) yearsof Baking Hens MISA MOttH OIAOIAOUCH 49c 10. : Sliced Bologna I.7 ';:;:'' 79' 14. : Hormel Franks :- ( 99c 10, training or an 4 tOAIt *VO ! on-the-job ..... . ..., unlimited trade apprentice Turkey .H''U"'IO''.'?,, -'''.:'''N 39c '0' I Chipped Meats t ""PlC'.0" 45 I Roll Sausage "":'" 59 10, HOIIDA RfSIDENTSONlfCAt .WWII Ot COM! IHKJ '0ll DttAfll ship.For further information on Cor'd Beef Briskets w '1 .1 119 20, I Cooked Ham .-'IC'" S140 20' : American Cheese KCIDI.H 99( 10. I---------I the matter above contact or any either veteran your Cottage Cheese '.:-:;'::;.' 59c 4' : Low Cal Yogurt .':.,"::, 23c .' I Cream Cheese .DI.,1 39c 10. : FINANCIAL RESOURCES CORP.I I: local County Veteran Service '41 K ILOIIOANATIONAIIAN' Office any office of the : JAr?SONVIIII' /10.10AJNONS t04.)>.26M I Veterans Administration or EvcryDayLowPrkcREA Every DayLowPrkc Every DayLowPrke Every Day LowPrkcUSBVS WAYS I write Mackall at Post Office :IAor'rt55 I Box 1437, St. Petersburg 33731 LEMON PFEIFFER SPECKLED CIty' I (including your VA Claim Pantry Pride SALAD I number Social Security RECONSTITUTED SUTE number Service number or DRESSING (PHONE NUMBED -a any means of identification). LEMON JUICE Tea Bags ----------------------- FRENCH* ITALIAN .FKOZEM 201 POtY BAO ---------- 100 J 32ozBTL. COUNT 8ozBTLS. 3 289COMPARE BOX . [[c(! .IY (c!1lBU(![ MAURICE . .:::R.:":COMPARE: O icK;: :' '0; {COMPARE :;:c,:..: '; Roast-N-Boast ,ItO' P.0 4/'l/ ''. I Foam Cups '::,. 59c '0. | Banquet Suppers .,:: 99c so. EDWARDS JR. Hot Dog Relish ,zi"f: 4/1/ I" 19" White Plates .. :SCeI". 69c i 0. i UtilitySizeBaggies N" 3/'l/ 30. Dill Pickle Chips -.>,.:. 37 .. i 9" White Plates ..cc\:: \.", 99c 10. j Colgate Toothpaste .Dt 77 lit I Your Plus Meat "".' 69c .. I Round Bowl .'::CH.. 37c .. \ Toothpaste, rarer 5515'.LOS ruD' 49c tot School Board Member Taco Casserole ".e.T0r;; 79c '0. 19"Design Plates ..H.C:... 49c I. I Toothpaste '"N i.;:;.' 49c lOt Southern Maid Grits :::> 69c 0. I Aluminum Foil ; 4/1/ "' Efferdent Tablets 79c 21. I District Southern Maid Meal Ui; 69c 1. I Aluminum Foil .*10 N*.tO VM.OI*T. '169 I0. J Listerine '' Jl" \\4t Quick Gritsratr", : 22c I. I Stay Free Mini Pads T::,e" 4/'l/ '*. i Mouthwash "-;,".'.""" ,59c, lOt4tt I WILL IF ELECTED STAND UP FOR OUR Aluminum Foil tyw: : $1" 10. I Pantry Pride Wipes .... 49c '0. I Herbal Shampoo '.",'::a"': '.' 59c , Frosting Mix rr.-.vr I ; ; 39c 10. I Pantry Pride Cups H 69cT5S" .. Stainless Blades ""r039: < JOt CHILDREN THE CITIZENS AND THE I I IvcrfDiytowPik* EncryOiy LowPrkcANOUITL tftryhyLowPrkcLnlS , t >MOMDINNERS> 0"' HI TEAGLASSES m.rt ICE TAXPAYERS OF OUR COUNTYPaid BEEF FlAVOR ENGLISHMUFFINS PIZZA STEW ICE iuR on ot - U lD 0 : 8/l 77cC 3.... 69c _ ( Pol. Adv< ) _:'" t I'n t q 1 AAugust22,197 , 'I"0 .'''.-- ,,'. "", .. "" .. '-J -. .. _" .. q"" .. ,, "m ",,". '''' _" .. .. .,. ... .. ..". . III 'nI.I'mt\l>1I August 22. 1U7I! Minor Traffic Violations No Longer Crime In Florida Fiiuil Senior Sct Sittin M II' TAIJJVIIASSKK( : Senate Ixith Icus amputated! ( 1 or have (it 25 cents: for handling plus case was tried shall report the ",1/" .. Next Wednesday Kill 171 which decriminalizes lost I the use of one or both legs actual postage rounded! up to I final disposition to the Department '. : ' minor Irall'ic violations was and who request( such tug by the .m-arest five cents. It of Highway Safety und I [)" "'.I Wednesday, Aug. 28, will be line ol :.VI bills which cleared annual application to the 1 Department !requires: the use of !tirst classina'il Motor Vehicles.SBSW7 '., ''''!''j'...'. ) for late Senior ;';J'I"1 the last day the/ 117-t! Legislature and wenttoliov. ol' Highway Safety for registration and provides that no local ''' ', J !, i.j:,: :? to be taken in the . Keubin Askew for consideration. and Motor Vehicles.! It also plates. law or ordinance will ... ')'- pictures, Office at BUS. -" Attendance provides! that t\a\ penalty for liB ::1m2 exempts a wrecker preempty any provision of the ": .!. : ,.. missed previous who ....., t., 12 Those The bill provides (hatpersons |irkinn on streets highways towing another vehicle Irom section which deals with the I I fwo will have their I , cited lor specific or metered spaces shall Ix Ira II ic control requirel1ll'nlsl'l'lating power of the Department of Ifho appointments"If miss this IIl1nor trail ic violations will borliurncd levied upon person issued! a to maximum size; SB Transportation to enforce ', I last chance. will you have to with none ri mi mil in- "IV"1 or international wheelchair 55J: reduces the charge for laws regulating outdoor advertising. %;,'1'/1\1'/ \ ,. '"i.;\\il"!,: ;:, one again you takensomewhere get Iruclions and may pay a symbol Ian and licensed issuing duplicate registration 1""'<1 your photograph else, in order to bepublished tfundard civil penalty post to drive in Florida.UK wlilicjiteslrom$2 to,10 cents lIB {lit requires police officers .. in the yearbook" .ind forfeit bond or appear :2r! >(il2 creates I a 10- hut provides a charge of 50 attending motor vehicle CHOOL D/.... Annual Advisor Charles ' Ix'lore! a stale or municipal member joint legislative cents lor issuing a transfer of accidentsbodily injury, death says \ indue to determine( it'an infraction committee( to continue study 1''gislratiol1 cert, it ica(c. or greater than $100 damage .... Hall. ' need only to wear a has Ijccn committed.Trul ol transportation needs between SB 1125 restructures the to report to those parties ,,- Buys There is nor I it; violations remaining Jacksonville and Miami Tampii-llillsborough. County suffering the injury the name white shirt. for girls ! riminal lenses cind exempt' and to prepare a ,report with Kxpressway: Authority to and address ol the vehicle's : ( : required fee is dress one dollar. , ironi the new law are llccingit recommendations by 1>1'C. 1 I. consist! of seven members, owner and driver; license Sitting 1',' '" attempting to elude u police1 HI74.\ with four to be appointed by numbertif the vehicle; and the { . '.Ulcer, leavinu I the scene ol liB :M71 requires that the the (;iovernor and confirmed name\ of the covering insurance '1 \', ' .<\n accident ; driving'or l cinnin owners and driver ol any by the.? Senate, one each to be comp ,in\ actual physical control ol.ui vehicle hauling aggregates the mayor of Tampa or his provides that every accident .. / , \ \'l'hicll'hile under I tl1l' which may tail or plow I rom designate, a county commissioner form include a. provision for {: { influence ol alcoholic the vehicle are responsible to and the district recording the policy. numbers ill t.C. ,.... .4.7.I"! .--' ;, i"cerajtes.. and reckless prevent such materials Irom engineer for the 1 Department of liability insurance carriers ; ., y. d J,;. -- ",. tin inn tailing blowing or escaping ..I l Transportation.SB covering any vehicle involved .r-, 11'\I--\ -' : If1 :Ml l'(H" requires the Depart- by covering mill securing it : ,.exempts: structures in an accident. :' i fill ol Transportation toHlopi With a close-lilting tarpaulin .ind advertising signs thereon lIB 218 provides that a ,;.-\-1\. \ t a system( ol liallicniilrol or other ;appropriate covering within the right of way motor vehicle bearing a jt" ",' \I.c"" 1f'lli--1-[ \ ,, deMces lor use on tinirci'ls '* SM IK4 names the causeway boundaries of any road or current valid inspection J . .ind highways Mir'imilinu .. on Stale !toad 111)) in Palm highway within municipal certificate may be presented - .' all public' .llld I'.each County the "MarjorieMerriwealher : corporate limits or county tor inspection at any time IIIIV.MC schools in r'lorida. ; Post Memorialrauseway" road system when such are prior to expiration of the 'ilJ ; l In', lull also proudes that ;i ; ; SB ::1-t0() primarily: I lor the comfort, certificate. SB 50 provides ,'iiiii.il he piihlislied' I h is I liie* designates .Old .Culler, ITnaW in ronvcniciuc and salety of that the authorized receipt \J: {), I )( >'l concerning spcc'ilicu'IOIIN I >ade County as'a sliii'. 1iis- school, children or general' issued to the driver of a car Shy little four yar old Stephanie Duku is shown ",,' !4, d11C. Irtf1Z" -- , .ind( re<|uireMiienls lor"'lisirilnilion lone highway: :SB r>::12! public Irom state law (ailing inspection shall act as registering for her first year at school Kindergarten Ith .. \ .........;, ..;.,).-.1, to local such lor 10 days, her nvw teacher. IMs. Donna Brewer,and her mother .-. \'; " novcrniMiUil designates: State Itoad( tCiliIrom : rcgul.iling provisions.SB a temporary ,Mrs. J. :\ : ...... , . units and I to establish, ." that in permit lor C. Dukes. This is Ms. Brewer's first of r "" !HJ!)> to SK Il2li:! in Dade : 7 provides cases inspection purposes year teaching at " i .initeiiaiice\ once erectedIhfM' County as "I)olphlll KxpressCS :: nl l'Ullltl'l'\'il'W ol suspensionsor of driving to and Irom Slarke Elementary.: She was formerly a third grade teacher I bills cleared the \\(1\( I lor I II IB |:II!I3iles'ignates ; re\ '. M.I, I c Tra. nsp > "\ chaired b> :Sen.l..i County the "(iandvx ill,' ilie district courts ol appeal.! slat ion.The hill was vetoed "! |">li I'oslon. D-.Miami.: lioad" and CS lor I 111\\ lint;; 1 :S tin- SB 7l! requires that :SB 227:! "requires !DOT to Presented To Board I l.i.'h, handled; 121:! bills and designates SU III in Santa whenever any I person orenl ity .idopt minimum uniform Strip Mining Regulations To Be >'JlI"l nved 112.:! 'I'lnrly-iunc Uose and Kscamhia: counties liuldmii real property in the -.tandards lor design, construct "in.nncd in committee andM'M'ii .is "The ('diversity ol \\ehlKlorid.i lorm nf a partnership, limited !ion and maintenance of A proposed ordinance conform to the environment of Action was. discussed Bradford County is now /onedItIA ' died eithi'r in other I Causeway. I. partnership: corporation public curb and curb ramps; providing regulations for strip the area and will be designed against Mrs. Annie Cooper of I ingle lamily rcsideii "111 nil II('l'S or on t the 1 House 1 : Hit :!lM.:! .> deletes the reiiireineiit | irtist or' in any lorm of representative :SB Mil allows !DOT to use mining operation in Bradford by architecture students atSKJC tin If is Loop, who Gaines said lial ) and that they could not iiid. :Senate calendars.Ml thai 'one company may capacity lor.iiiulluT. change orders I instead of County will be presented to Mrs. Gray said. has a number of junk cars grant( a variance The I t 1211:! provides I hat l-'lordki not have consecutive: service enters into( a I land supplemental I contracts for the Board of County Commissioners Ralph Bryan was given parked! in her yard in violation, \\lmldons were given |"HT ',HIt'ntsho are nmtorMhicle stations along one side ol the transaction with any governmental changes in construction at its first meeting in permission to advertise for of the zoning code. Mrs.Cooper mission, however, to obtain .1. owners! md wheel- "Klorid.i Turnpike but provides unit he must make. a contracts if the change is not September, Monday the !9th. rezoning Irom OK to BII on was denied last month temporary" six-months: permit ''i.nr users shall be issued aii that one company may no) imblic disclosure under oath in excess of $10.000 or two County Zoning Board one acre at the northwest of a petition lor rezoning to to move a mobile home on the nloi vehicle license I..gllh. have more" than one station itI subject to jieiialties of perliiry. percent of t the original contract members approved the ordinance corner of the intersection of permit operation of a junk property and occupy it \\ hilc .uluvlcliair user s> n\bol.\ I he station constitutes more" lit every person having aIxMic whichever is greater. as presented by I lighways 301 and 18. The new vard on the property. The they were building a m ..11!! Ht>7 reiiests| : the' Hum ::>i 11> per cent of the service ii-ial interest in the realproperty. House Memorial\ 2li4l urges Director L. M. Gaines, at the classification (Business- hoard instructed\ G.uncs; to U'lilional 1 type home ,"i\, "c-i'Mor to direct the I>OT to stations on the turnpike Congress to permit loreign board's July meeting, subject Highway) would permit a l'onlel'lith Mrs. COOIHT and :Mrs. Ann Lee VanKlta: wa- ''Hirdin.ile' a :study to be tin- project. CS lor lIB MB;:, deals with vessels to carry passengers to a few minor changes. Strip convenience store operation then take action if t the cars denied a similar request in. ii'il.ikcn' by I II()ri'! counties liB :2!!I 122:!:! establishes the i egiil.ilion and license lor hire IxHween the ports and places mining regulations are being with service siation facilities were' not removed.Two move ilia mobile home' on lot . "nid i-ities to determine ollense ol dl'ivlngllh an motor, vehicles : liB I71(> of the U.S. in view of the sought by the Zoning Board but would not permit'a bar ortavern ('(IUl'slsl'I'e denied in I the I'umpkin I'atch ..('1'1111I1 I lorul.rs transportation "unlawful I I blood alcohol pro\ul'' : that the right of energy crisis; und SB :)!U2aUows because of a pending phosphate the board said. involving "hardship eases": on ol Little Santa I-V Lake. MisVanKlla , "','d-: .ind to present findings: level". <1.111!<> per cent )I. and certain, railroad and canal in cases of driving, mining operation which Merrill Dees was given Santa. Ke Lake. :Mr. and :Mrs said her present H the' Senate Transportation: IH'iultics lot violations and i oni'|>,nnes to condemn\ land JBBle Intoxicated!, the court to is considered a possibility in permission to advertise lor a Tlienm D. \\hiddon. Sr.. ol cabin was not suitable. lor cold 1 .uuniiltee I .it least till days pi ov ides lor a pre-arresl lor 1'I'mlllallaclhhos be Mne a court request lor reinstatement the future in the western part change in classification Irom ,/;Il'ksonville.hll said they \\calhrr. and she would like l liiltach I.. i ,mr, to the Il7li! Legislature breath lest l h\ a police ollicer Mil inn" !male to any governmeiiliil .dl. temporary of the county. (OK to KIC on )If(> acres ontirill'is had "a !ohal'k" on their lot oil the mobile home in.. nlor ilh .1 luilhei report( to I heMI mill the operator's written entity's right to con- restricted driving permits Several controversial loop. across Irom the Santa. Fe and desired to use in winter months: senate, unseiilI ileiiin.ilion through eminent provided theclelendant has no for reclassifications Smith chicken farm. Zoning replace it with a. mobile home The hoard advised that n requests | iiiiiiniltee' :Subslitule lori I 111\\ li.V! :> removes the .">(11 ""111.1111..11: III requires that previous I ml I conviction and the agenda for the Director L.M. Gaines; said since they' were being forced could not grant( liei rcqiH"-! i I; I.Hi\ provides" lor the i-cnls maximum charge lor! ,\II hiliU\ days alter final -required! 1 ID enroll. in and are regular on zoning board meeting that Dees planned a mobile by circumstances to give up under I lie regulations, bill said I --nance ol III1" license the mailing, ol motor vehicle tudiciiil disposition,,; ol all. "complete' a lriver improvement 27. These include home subdivision with a their home in Jacksonville sheoiild liaxe the' light 'u" > Tuesday Aug. i .ilr- to r'lorida licensedvixir i euistralion and license plates miivinu, : I rail ic violations the course lor alcohol. a request for rezoning central water supply and The board advised that all appeal. I the case to the Board' ,. who" have bad <> square loot lots. lake I runt property in Countv Commissioners ---- -------- ---- ----------------- ------ ------- north of Starke, just off, U. S. 301 to permit the operation of an Auto body shop close to a residential subdivision.At . the July zoning meeting, BRINGGOVERNMENT Gaines reported 51 building permits issued in June, totaling $280.900ith( revenue to the county of $833.50 from fees. Gaines said the average take from building permits is averaging $940 per month. The director also told the board that the recent land use study developed by Dr. Uobert Heighten and his University of Florida group has been accepted by the U.S. Department of Housing and BACK TO THEPEOPLE Urban Development as a the model nation.In for use. in other parts of land use actions Tuesday night: The application of John Gribble lor a change in classification from Open Rural to H1C on 2' acres : south of Starke on the eastside of U.S. 301 was denied by the County Zoning Board Tuesday night following "YOU THE VOTER WILL HAVE TOLL FREE PHONE protest owners by in a the group area.of property Gribble now has two mobile SERVICE TO BILL HESTER EVERY DAY OF THE YEAR. I homes on the which property under .. (OK zoning "requires one- WILL GO TO THE PEOPLE I WILL LOOK FORWARD acre desired lot to for place each three home.more He .-... ......... \\filllfflif I mobile homes on the property i TO MEETING EACH AND EVERY ONE OF YOU IN for his children but the* board * advised that even with a 11 YOUR HOME TOWN. THE FOLLOWING IS MY change in classification to ItlC, which requires only I I II EASY LIVING FOR YOUR FAMILY 20.000) square feet per mobile I I " COMMITMENT TO MEET WITH YOU home, he still could not I II d comply with the requirement I I II IN A MOBILE HOME ; of 100-ft. frontage per unit. I I II The request was denied I I II II vllarold B. Smith was given II I - 1974 I November Starke 1975 December Clay HillPonce II I to advertise for permission a l l ll December Orange Park 1976 January De Leon change in zoning from Exclusive I I NO LOT RENTAL DUE l i iI Hotel Agriculture to BABusinessAutomotive I I l lI 1975 January Palm Valley February Lawtey ( ) on 7 I I I Il February acres on the west side of U.S. I FOR FIRST HALF OF YEAR l I II Lawtey March Orange Park I l lI 301 North near the KFA farm. I I II March Green Cove April St. Augustine L.K. Whitehead, part owner of I I II II I l lI April Vilano Beach II I I l ll May Hampton new subdivision in the a area I l i ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii May BreakerKeystone June Green Cove objected on the grounds that I I II II SEE OLIN'S FOR DETAILS il l June Hgfs. July PalmValleyBrooker the residential neighborhood July Pica lata would be harmed, since Mr. I August Smith planned to establish I I II August Hampton September Keystone Hgts. and operate an auto body I I II II II Mobile Homes are goingfast! September AAiddleburg October Vilano Beach shop. The petition will be I October Switzerland November Starke heard at the August 27 I November meeting. I I II ACT NOW BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE i Starke December Middleburg Zella Grady of Gainesville I I II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II i i advertise was given for permission a change to in I I I 3 Used Mobile Homes i i classification from KIA I AV/UUBIE/ i (residential to K\ (Exclusive I i W 0U I] approximately Agricultural 40 acres) west on I I BUY NOW WHILE THE PRICE IS LOW I i i of Highway 21 near the I i Speedvdle Mrs. Gray settlement.said that several I I See Mark Olin Today lie Is neatly To Save YouMoneij i i I i i ii wished establish families to the a I OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK 9 A.M. 8 P.M. SUNDAYS 1 P.M. e P.M. i i ii community on property I i i ii and engage in farming and i i ii MAKES IT HAPPEN we livestock can live operations off the land"to"see She if I I I ni iii'c HOBILE i i said the Mrs. Dore Kotundo, a I ULIIl O i ii professor of Architecture at I HOMES i i ii Santa Fe Junior College was I i i ii a member of the group and I i i ii ii ii ip"jt" HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 25 'had already started construction I Hwy 100 Starke 964-5606 i i Paid For By the Bill Hester Campaign Fund ED DEESE, Treasurer of a residence on the i property. Other residences, aoooooooooooooooooooooaoocx>oooooooooooooa<>ooooc>aLI planned to be built* will! I , 1'', ".."" ". .. ." .. .. ... .. ..... .._ ..own,"" _,,, ,,, .."__' _,, n . .0. .. ......" ... .. -. .. --. .. .... ,,,, '.. ,. .. ., ,.. .... "..""..... .._.,, .. ,.. .... "J"J'O. ... .. __. .. . ..",.. .,_, .___. .. .. ...'H.--\ I I August, 19'''' TELEGRAPH Page 19 BROOKEU IN BRIEFBy Citizens Help Dorothy Kerrigan Wilmont StarlingWilmont Youth ChargedWith Jeannette Prescott Needed InLand Community Mrs. Dorothy Kerrigan, 70, Starling, 68, of died Thursday, Aug. 15, at her Starke, died Sunday, Aug. 18, Falsely KUMMAGK SALK home on Silver Lake after an in a Jacksonville Hospital A Rummage Sale, sponsored 45 cents per day or $2.25 per Use illness of several :years. after an extended illness. He by the young people of week. In order to purchase Mrs. Kerrigan was born in was born in Lawtey on Oct. 22, Obtained DrugsA New River Baptist Church, tickets for the week, students Plan ing Process News The Bronx, N.Y. on March 3, 1905, the son of the late Jim will be held Saturday, Aug, 24, must bring l lynch money on 1904, and had lived in the and Nettie Griffis of Starke. local youth was arrested from 9 a.m to 4 p.m. on the Monday Starke area since 1945. She He was a retired carpenterand Sunday, August 18, and corner by the Barber Shop in Highlights of the various was an active member of the a member of the Baptist charged with falsely obtaining : Brooker. Please come and PERSONALS elements of the second phaseof ELIZABETH GIVENS WALKER Bradford County Senior Church. barbiturates at a local i I help the young people out. Mrs. W.A. Bishop, of the land use study currently Citizens Club. drugstore. SCHOOL NEWS Day will be observed at New > Fair hope, Ala. underway In Bradford county Gregory Jarrell Gay, 19, of is visiting school bells Bethel Besides her husband, Joe Surviving are his wife, NEW \' -: BAPTIST Mrs Pearl were reported at a public Pre-planning Sunday, September 8. survived Starke,was taken into custodyby Markey. They All Kerrigan, she is by Mary Kathryn Starling, of Monday morning August members arc asked to , The of visited Mrs. meeting Thursday evening, rang Police Officer E.D. Phillipsof young people Safety brother Nelsonof Bishop's Mrs. in one sister, Alyce Jacksonville; two daughters, 19th for 1974-75 school term please cooperate with this t Harbor Baptist Church will Marston Jordon,and family in August 15, in the county for West Belmar, N.J. Mrs. Frances Smith, Wildwood the Starke Police Depart- the Bradford activity. at 6 County, Sunday I perform an all musical Keystone commission room. p.m. ment, after police were Heights last In accordance with her and Mrs. Patricia will Youth will ; bell be of teachers. School ring in at New Hiver l Saturday. Mrs. Sarah Students of Dr. Robert II. charge alerted by druggist Lester ! program Baptist Pitt of for students Monday, August service. Miss Sandra Bonds wishes, Mrs. Kerrigan's body Bunker, Jacksonville; one the I Church on Thursday, Aug. 22, Jacksonville was also Mrs. Heighten, professor in 26, for all schools in Bradford will speak. was given to the Anatomical son, DeWayne Starling, Titus- Crews of Mitchell's Drug at 7:30: p.m., under the Markey's guest over the Urban and Regional askedto Ebenrier Board at the University of ville; two sisters, Mrs. Louise Store. All Church, i direction of Thomas Brown. weekend.Mr. Development Center, County. parents are Baptist Gay, following Sunday's with the Rev. Florida for purposes of Starling, Starke, and Mrs. !, Everyone is invited to attend.CIIURCII01"(00 and Mrs. A.L. Green University of Florida and each were please of cooperate the school for the Thursday Leroy night Davis Bible, pastor.Class medical research.ST. Lorena Starling, Daytona purchase from druggist Bob were visiting their children, introduced program Beach two brothers, Percy, Autrey, has been charged on benefit and ; of the children.DELLCIIAPTEK Prayer Meeting. Satur- I !Mr presented short, informal of ob- and Mrs. Allen Mesmoreand of Ocala, and Joe Starling! three counts falsely I OFl'HOI'llKCY I : children, in Washington, reports of the research they day evening at 5 p.m. the MARK'S EPISCOPAL Jacksonville; and ten grand- taining the drugs and one 168O.E.S. pastor will meet with the I Sunday School, 10 a.m. D.C. a few days. While there have done this summer. CHURCH children. unsuccessful attempt. I Worship Services, 11 a.m. and they visited around the The importance of citizen Publicity committee. Sunday Gay is alleged to have made Dell E.S. will School will services at . participation in the planning Chapter 168 O. begin Saturday 8 a.m. till noon: : 7 p.m. Sunday. Ice Cream country, including Baltimore, Funeral services held purchases on forged were hold its regular meeting 9:30: which will conclude for all hands. stressed by Mrs. Work Party 7:30 Md and process was prescriptions on July 30, Churning : p.m. Wed Williamsburg, Va. at 11 a.m. Thursday in Jones Thursday night at the Masonic services for the day. Holy Colleen and Mrs. Sunday- 8:30: a.m., Mr and!Mrs. D.R. Eagan August 12 and August 18 28. nesday, Aug. Everyone Minton Bobbie Zeman as they Hall[ on Brownlee Street. All Everyone is asked to attend Eucharist. Memorial Chapel with Rev. E. invited. Lakeland The unsuccessful attempt to were visiting in members are asked to pleasebe Fellowship Hour. 25 -- 10 a.m., Mor- C. Harvey conducting. Inter- their research August reported on relatives made atEckerd's /siuiooi.M\\s! : in Brooker a few ment was in Bethlehem purchase drugs was School will begin Monday days last week. They spent the county. A public in- present. Pleasant Church Grove, Rev.UnitedMethodist Willie ning Prayer. Cemetery near Lake City Drug Store in 26. Hours will Wednesday and formation program and a Starke, also on Sunday be Aug. the Thursday CHURCH NEWSMt. Stilt, pastor. Everyone is under direction of DeWitt C. same as last year ((8:25: to night with Mr. and Mrs. Paul community-wide survey were Zion A.M.E. Church, invited to attend Bible Class IJ Neighbors Jones Funeral Home. August 18. 2-15)) for Prescott and among the recommendations Gay has been release on : except Kindergarten Johnny. They Rev. Richard Bethel at 7:30 of pastor. Tuesday night : prayer drove Mrs. Prescott offered as a means getting bond. students who Shands will be !Medical I citizens involved in planningfor Sunday services will begin meeting at 8 p.m. Wednesday "'r''1 < dismissed at rio: Center Thursday . p.m. with School School at 10 at 10 Sunday a.m. night Sunday ( Zeman Mrs. The price of lunches will be was morning released, for tests, and she explained the future.the guidelines for Women's Day will be observed a.m. Sunday at 3 p.m. The UC Rape Charge Dismissed I Saturday. establishing a citizen par at 11 a.m. Miss Annie United Methodist Women will :; ' I ticipation committee under Bell Anderson will be the meet which will terminate i1- -=, Union County Circuit Court a later date and the trial rescheduled - the contract specifications set speaker. At 4:30 p.m. a services for the day. r scheduled to begin Monday, for the October Did You Know ? ? ? out by the Department of Musical will be presented Mt. IMoriah United r August 19, with Circuit Judge term. Freewill Methodist Rev Willie Housing and Urban featuring Baptist Church Wayne M. Carlisle presidingwas Development HUD( ), Church, Philadelphia Baptist Stitt, pastor. Sunday School postponed until ThurThe jury venire drawn for Church Choirs and the Whites. will terminate services for the Sheldon and Larry the Zipkin iJ1' sday, Aug. 22, following this week's trials were Sticca reported on their The public in invited to attend. day. at 10 a.m. All membersare state's dismissal of the trial of dismissed until Thursday, study of the Mrs. Olivia Scott, chairman, asked to attend with background Jimmy Coney, charged Aug. 22. \ II. it\:\; and Mrs.Mariam Houston Bethel \' iG circulation systems in co- Fellowship Hour at . rape.Dismissal e d dI Bradford County.. Each chairman. Baptist Church.LAWTEY. of the case was student emphasized need Greater Allen Chapel K permitted by Judge Carlisle he Suledto begin Thursday and importance of planning in A.M.E.: Church Rev. B.C. because of the state's failure jury trial of I the future as costs of road Williams, pastor. Service to produce two key witnesses Solomon Ham, aggravated C maintenance continues to schedule as follows: Sunday for the trial. assault and Rafael Baez, for increase. Fifty-four additional School will begin at 10 a.m. The defendant, Jimmy possession of a weapon by a miles of road will be returnedto Morning service at 11 a.m. Coney, will be re-arraigned at state prisoner. the county by the state for The Rally will terminate By Elizabeth Terry maintenance. At this point, Sunday All members are budgetary considerations will asked to cooperate with the CHUKCII ACTIVITIES visited his brother and wife, f become necessary to offset Leaders in this activity. All Church of God Sunday !Mr and Mrs. George Teston, ELECT. . the added expenditure. Boards are asked to make School 10 a.m. Worship Ser last Thursday and Friday at I Among the recommendations their reports. At 3 p.m. All vices 11 a.m. and 7 p.m. YPE Land of Lakes, Fla. On their WM. G."BILL". GRAUDONSA offered to consider was members are asked to attend and Prayer Meeting Satur- return they visited Mr. and construction of a bypass, or the Fellowship Hour at New day, 7:30: p.m. Mrs. Buddy Brown and Mr. r' alternate 301, west of Starke. Bethel Baptist Church Faith Baptist Church and Mrs. Baker at Sanford. MEMBER OF YOUR similar to the one in Sunday, September 8, Rev Radio Program over WPXE, 8 Donna Carter, daughter of Hawthorne in Alachua R.E. Lamb, presiding Elder, a.m. Sunday. Worship Ser- Mr. and Mrs. Richard Carter, SCHOOL BOARD r AMERICA'S NO.1 1 will hold the last quarterly and celebrated her tenth birthday Countv. vices, 11 a.m. 7:30: p.m. DISTRICT 5 COUNTY (- AIR An" environmental conference for this conference Prayer Meeting 7:30: p.m Sunday afternoon. After I/ Carrier assessment study was year. Annual conference Wednesday, Bible Study. playing several games, Chief Engineer Bradford County Hospital ' CONDITIONINGMJKER reported by Dave Jahnig, starts in Jacksonville Sep Grace United Methodist refreshments were served. Former Supervisor uf Maintenance, Bradford County Schools environmental engineering tember 1013. Rev Williamswill Church Sunday School, 9:45: There were 16 present.Mr. Instructor at Vo-Trch Center student who said that environmental be attending. a.m. Morning service, 11 a.m. and Mrs. Russell Wood OWNS BUSINESS-F.1MILY MAN Did You Know That You Can answer to the planning needs of should the Freewill Greater Baptist Bethlehem Church, Rev Topic Look Me for Over.August" Wednesday 25 "(ley, school attended reunion Mr. Wood's at t the 25th Hilton high Let'a For Equip Our Our Leaders Young Of People Tomorrow Today. (Paid Pol Adv) Williams in Jacksonville citizens. His final report will Jasper pastor. night choir practice, 7 p.m. Hotel the critical of Service begins with Tiny Tots United Methodist Saturday night. point out areas Fellowship Save As Much As 40% With and Ushers Board No. 3 The United ...... . preservation, conservation, 7:30: p.m. --------------- ------- --I meeting Monday night.- and delineate those areas Methodist Women will meet at which can take greater, intense Tuesday night Senior Choir the home of Mrs. Truby VOTE FOR Our Special use.Curtis rehearsal. Wednesday night Wainwright Tuesday the 27that Beville and Fred prayer meeting. Thursday 10 a.m.Highland. Diaz reported on their recent night (tonight) the Ladies Baptist Church - studies in the recreation areas Circle will meet at the home of Sunday School 9:45: a.m. Close Out Prices and the health systems of !Mrs Bradshaw. The Prayer Morning Service 11 a.m. Choir ] T. PARRISHFOR Bradford County He Band will meet at the home of Practice 6:30: p.m. and . l7 Rev and !Mrs. Jasper Service . recommended that the county Evening 7:30: p m OnWindow think about buying resource- Williams in Jacksonville Prayer Meeting Wednesday is Youth Friday night. Sunday oriented recreation areas now 7:30: p.m. MEMBER OF Day. The Youth will be in used Northside Church as the surrounding lakes Baptist - Units by citizens have become charge. Sunday School will Sunday School, 10 a.m. recreational begin services at 9:30.: Mor- Services 11 and crowded. Land Worship a m. facilities,such as playgroundsand ning service at 11 a.m. 7:30: p.m. Prayer Meeting SCHOOL BOARD baseball fields were found Evening service at 6 p.m. Wednesday 7:30: p.m. From to be adequate for the areas Visitors are always welcome. served. St.Johns Baptist Church PERSONALSMrs. / : 1A Diaz outlined a model for Rev. Willie Huffman, pastor. Truby Wainwright : DISTRICT 5 ODD To 2G,000 BTUs studying the health systems in Sunday services will begin/ visited her sister, Mrs. Frank with School Bradford County based on Sunday at 10 a.m. Rowe, Macclenny! last similar studies carried out by Morning service at 11 a.m. Tuesday and Wednesday. the Tampa Bay Regional Evening service at 3 p.m. From there she went for a Family man with three school age children Sawyer Slade Gas: Planning Council. His Class Weekly and services include Meeting Bible visit with her cousin, Mrs. Farmer and Businessman Prayer researchwasdirected more to Loca Whitten, at Lake Butlerfor finding a guideline for future combine. each Wednesdaynight. two days. I promise to handle situations and problems of the school boardto & Rirconditioning J m-depth studies in the health Billy & Scotty Anders, sons the best of ability. Free Canaan True ChurchOf Anders my of Mr. and !Mrs. Bill , care area. (Paid Pol Ad ) 332 W. Madison 964.7701 Lester Dr. Heighten Sol in and introduced Frank Sampson God In White Unity, pastor.Elder celebrated party, ages a 10 joint& 6,birthday with a / Will Appreciate Your Vote and Support. Martin, representatives from Weekly services began small family group. Cake and ___._ ______ __ L _____ Wednesday night with Prayer the North Central Florida punch were served. Regional Planning Council, Meeting and Terry service. Mrs. Fred Moore spent last with Friday night Teaching and with her sister Miss ELECT who will be working Friday Bradford County cicizens in Prayer Service Sunday Schoolat Rachel Boyer, in Jackson Know Your CandidateWhen 10 a.m. Morning service at the final phases and implementation - ville.Mrs. 11 a.m. Evening service at 7 of the land use Elsie Norman attended :r &L. study.The meeting concluded witha p.m.The church is grateful to all Juniper the Springs Starling on reunion Sunday.at You Go To The Polls September 10Don't presentation of the maps who help make the appreciation Mr. and Mrs. Hubert Priest .' from last year's study by Dr. service for Deacon spent last week with their Vote I 1 Heighten. An informal Dean a success. daughter and son.in.law.Ir.! Blindly question and answer period :New Bethel Baptist Church, and Mrs. John Morris Jr., at followed in which those Rev. Leroy Davis, pastor. Knoxville, Tenn. While there citizens attending had an Weekly services will begin they visited Mr. and Mrs HaroldWATERS : opportunity to discuss their with Bible Class and Prayer John !Morris, Sr., who live - with the students, Mr. Meeting Wednesday night near by. .. views .. : .' Sunday School at 9:45. Morning : and !Mrs. J.E. Teston Sohn Mr. Martin, and Dr. Mr. . Worship at 11 a.m. At 3 \ .: '" Height on. p.m. Fellowship Hour. Family ;/ '" Political Signs <! ' i w Serving Florida Posted IllegallyTo [". ... ...I...j" &'.t'<< '.*':, tir; ' CountyCommissioner , ', , N, Since 1950Jlol'Ja ' p Be Removed r ,.. .. : NUICe.9ri[. ; : kZd ; +fI CordiallyWelcomes illegally Political by signs candidates posted or District \ Mrs. Carolyn Ml', u their state overzealous highway right supporterson of way, . Eaves M' will be removed and _ ? _ destroyed by Florida Harold Waters is: , wI Representative W You and Your Department of Transportation maintenance crews, DOT a deacon of First Christian Church Starke Ph. 964-5812 , Family To Your officials announced today. I PT \r ,, 613 S. Colley Rd. a 17-year veteran of Hudson Pulp & Paper r. r New Home Unfortunately, removal of the illegal signs not only a Bradford Fair Association board member FRED SAPP StarkeThe State Of FloridaIt DOT produces maintenance added workload crews for, a 4-H leader in the Hampton Community . already responsible for married and has 3 children Is Our Desire To Make You Feel Welcome and numerous other chores, but a past-president of the Hampton Rec. Dept. CommissionerGROUP also costs tax dollars in City Acquaint You With Your City. equipment costs and salaries. past-president of Hampton Elementary PTA 1 II you era new In the are, a phone call Political signs are IF YOU KNOW HAROLD WATERS, YOU'LL WANTTO Fair and Equal GovernmentIn will bring you a prompt visit from your local' hoalsssPlaaa prohibited under Florida Statute 479.22 which states VOTE FOR HIM SEPTEMBER 1 Fair and Equal Manner *give h.r a oalllSh "...no political signs shall be 10\ erected, posted, painted, has map and many fra. and wondarful tacked,. nailed or otherwise gifts for you from local busln..... displayed, placed or locatedon The People's Man (PAID POL. ADV.) If or above any state or . (Paid Pol. Adv) county road right-of-way I, 'J , . i ----1 -u-IugI--1----- - -- Fm I TELEGRAPH August 22,1974 Lelgzls I Ito New Plan Set For FesvaIAllglls" ; 30,31 NOTICE OF INTENTIONTO Ms. Shellie Gerla Inspector Southeast Quarter(W 1/2 of NE Court for Bradford County, REGISTER 1/4 of SE 1/4)), In Section 11, Florida, in the Courthouse at There will be a triple-play audiences according to the the Festival director said. FICTITIOUS NAME ALTERNATES FOR the satisfaction of the Street Township 5 South, Range 22 Starke, Florida, within four ((4)) fiesta aspect to the 22nd an- sort of program they prefer to Programs on the main stageare SAID ELECTION: Chairman, the Chairman has the East, AND the West Half (W calendar months from the dateof nual Florida Folk Festival on hear," says Miss Thelma scheduled at 10 a.m., 1:30: Mrs 1/2)) of Lots Band 9 first publication of this Labor week-end with and 7:30 on Friday Pursuant to Section 865.09 Mrs. Martaret Williams, right to warn the person once and the the Day Boltin, festival director. p.m. : p.m. Florida Statutes, notice Is here. Eston Jordan, Mrs. Ruby and after this first warning, the North Half (IN 1/2)) of Lots 23 Notice. Each claim or demand visitors to the Stephen Foster The large tent will be set up mid Saturday, Aug. 30-31, and that the undersignedEdwin Howell.IN contract !is considered broken if and 24, all In Section 12, must be In writing and filed in Memorial having an extra some 200 yards from the main at 10 a.m. Sunday, Sept. 1. by given L. Hornsby and Faye C. TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I the error is not corrected in a Township 5 South, Range 22 duplicate, and must state the attraction offered in the formof stage,and will be on the site of Mini-Concerts will have the 1. Box 160 HERE UNTO SUBSCRIBE MY reasonable length of time. In East of WOODLAWN accordingto place of residence and post mini-concerts which will be the soon-to-be-built amphi- same hours, except they will Starke Hornsby.I Morida Route 32091 doing, NAME AND CAUSE THE SEAL such case, the contract will be map or plat thereof recordedin office address of the claimant presented daily by dozens of theatre between the Foster not be held at night. business, under the firm name of OF THE TOWN TO BE HERE remade with the next bidder in Plat Book 1, Page 17 (formerly and be sworn to be the claimant, the Festival's star per- Museum and the Suwannee COLBV ENTERPRISES", UNTO AFFIXED THIS 6th DAY line. Plat Book 1, Page 1)) public his agent or attorney, or It will formers. River, not far from the Foster Route 1 Box 160, Starke, OF AUGUST 1974 A. D. 5. The City of Hampton records of Bradford County, become void according to law. "Because crowding around Tower and the boat landing. Bradford, County, Florida, reserves the right to reject any or Florida AND Lots 27, 28 and 56, DATED this 13th day of the outdoor stage and the "Our artists will be doing 32091, Intends to register said Neil L. Tucker, Mayor all bids. all in Section 13, Township 5 August, A. D., 1974. crafts area has sometimesbeen double duty, but folk fans will FLORIDATHEATRE Attest Merrill Edwards South, Range 22 East of a problem in past wonderful fictitious name under the provisions : Bids may be turned in to the years have a close-up of aforesaid statute. City Clerk City Clerk no later than Sept. 2, WOODLAWN, according to O. J. UNDERHILLBy the mini-concerts have been opportunity to see and hear Edwin L. Hornsby and Faye C. 8/8 4t 829IN 1974. These bids must not have map or plat thereof recorded in : Ray D. Helpling scheduled morning and after- some of their favorites in Hornsby, sole owners. the name of the bidder on them. Rat Book 1, Page 17 (formerly Attorney for Administrator noon as a means of dividing these bonus performances," Dated this 1st day of August, The Clerk will assign a numberto Rat Book 1, Page 1) public SCRUGGS, CARMICHAEL, . A. D. 1974 at Starke, Ronda. THE CIRCUIT COURT OF the plain envelope they will be records of Bradford County, LONG, TOMLINSON, ROS- Fri. & Sat. 8/1 4t 822IN THE EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIR- sealed in and the bids will, be Florida AND Lot 39 in Section CUIT OF FLORIDA IN AND FOR opened at the next City Council 14,Township 5 South, Range 22 COW, PRIDGEON & LANGDON 301 DRIVEINFri. COLUMBIA PICTURES PflMntl East of WOODLAWN, according - BRADFORD COUNTY. meeting in Sept. CHARLES H.SMEEfl Production! ' THE CIRCUIT COURT OF CASE NO.74203In to map or plat thereof Post Office Drawer "C" THE EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Shirley Forsyth, recorded in Plat Book 1, Page 17 Gainesville, Florida 32601 IN AND FOR BRADFORD Re: The Marriage of ED- City Clerk (formerly Plat Book 1, Page 1)) 8/22 2t 8/29/ & Sat COUNTY FLORIDAIn WARD MANN TUCKER, JR., 8/22 2t 8/29 public records of Bradford Petitioner, and DONNA W. County, Florida; SUBJECT, re: The Marriage of S. BRUCE TUCKER, Respondent. HOWEVER, to public roads, IN THE CIRCUIT COURT THERE'S NOTN1N' THEY WON'T TRY!! JARVIS, Petitioner, and MARIE The City of Hampton is now utility easements and that EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF n SS1qM JARVIS, Respondent. NOTICE OF SUIT accepting bids for their certain easement for ingress and FLORIDA IN AND FOR Sanitation Contract which will egress recorded In Official BRADFORD COUNTY. NOTICE OF ACTION To: DONNA W. TUCKER run from Oct. 1974 Oct. 75. Record Book 119, Pages 52.55, IN PROBATEIN The following stipulations were public records of Bradford ToMARIE: JARVIS YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIEDthat x e' 2037 E. Baltimore St an action for dissolution of attached to the contract by the County, Florida. RE: Estate of JAMES E. i Baltimore, Maryland marriage has been filed againstyou Sanitation Committee: HUDDLESTON, Deceased. (Last Known Address) and you are required to AND serve a copy of your written 1. Garbage must be picked up NOTICE TO CREDITORSTo YOU ARE NOTIFIED that a defenses, if any to it on once per week on the day set up Begin at the intersection of all creditors and all persons G of by the Sanitation Committeeand the of line of having claims or demands ( Petition for Dissolution RICHARD E. WELTY Attorneyfor easterly right way {MIMII4 PiCIU llj.DIVIW*Of COtUMIIA KtVHI KWHWt iNt Marriage has been filed againstyou Petitioner, whose address is the person whose bid is Seaboard Coast Une Railroadand against said estate. in the above named Court, 114 N. Walnut Street, P. O. Box accepted. In case of rain, the the Northerly right of way You, and each of you, are I'liis"Ilercrthes and you are required to serve a 995, Starke Florida 32091, and garbage can be picked up on the line of Lawtey and MiddleburgRoad hereby notified and required to IJllliY) I iVIUny IIU'ZV: 1.1lIIIYIPG \ copy of your answer or pleadingto file the original with the Clerk of next working day. and run Easterly along said present any claims and demands the Petition on the the above.styled Court on or 2. Only garbage in bags will Northerly right of way line 179 which you, or either of you may 1t COLOR BY DE LUXE" in Petitioner's Attorney, CAROL before September 2, 1974, be picked up. These bags must feet thence run North and have against the estate of JamesE. WILD SCOTT 11 West University otherwise a judgment may be be set in the driveway or some parallel with aforesaid Easterly Huddleston, deceased, to the The Haunted \ Avenue, Gainesville, Florida entered against you for the relief other convenient place near the right of way line a distance of Judge of the said Court in the :32601 and file the original demanded in the Petition. roadway. All leaves to be pickedup 100 feet, thence run Westerlyand Courthouse at Starke Bradford Plus"Tile tinswer or pleading in the officeof hand and the must also be in bags. parallel with aforesaid County, Florida, within four World" WITNESS the Clerk of the Circuit Courtin my 3. Trash (limbs, old tires, Northerly right of way line 179 months from the date of the first the 30th and for Bradford County, seal of said Court 1974. on leaves, etc.) will be picked up by feet, thence run South along publication of this notice. Hot Rock" of July, I lorida. on or before September lay GILBERT S. BROWNAs the bidder at the disgression of Easterly right of way line a Each claim or demand must Sun Mon & TueSTREISAND 4. 1974 Clerk of Said Court the bidder and the Chairman of distance of 100 feet to point of be in writing and must state the , If you fail to do so. judgmentby M. the Sanitation Committee. beginning, also being the place of residence and post- Beulah Moody defdult will/ Iw takun againstyou By: Deputy Clerk 4. Only trash piled by the side Westerly 179 feet of Lot 7, Townof office address of the claimantand Sun. & Mon.maRK . for the relief demanded in of the road will be picked up. Lawtey East of Railroad must be sworn to by the 8/22 .. 41 8/1 t'T" tlw Fi.tition. 5. If the job is not completedto according to map or plat thereofin claimant his agent, or his attorney . WITNESS my hdnd and seal the satisfaction of the Plat Book 1, Page 6, all in or it will become void ..., -- this. 2:)'h day of July, 1974 Sanitation Chairman, the Section 23, Township 5 South, according to law. mail -r4 r, IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF Chairman has the right to warn Range 22 East. Each creditor shall deliver ..;:.. ........... rt- GILBERT. BROWN FLORIDA EIGHTH JUDICIAL the person once and after this sufficient copies of his claim to COLOR Clerk CIRCUIT IN AND FOR first warning, the contract is has been filed against you and enable the Court to mail one to OF '*-tJiy 1 4 By BuuldhM Moody BRADFORD COUNTY. considered broken if the error is you are required to serve a copyof each personal representative. Deputy Clerk not corrected in a reasonable your written defenses if any, Dated, A. D. 1974. tJiyoeviL :IZICNIIDRFN......_UNO"'......If..ROMI"IO_.... 1 1011 ti 22 CIVIL ACTION length of time. In such case, the to it on EUGENE F. SHAW, : i CASE NO. contract will be remade with the Plaintiff's Attorney, whose June H.ThomasAs In ru Annulment of Marriage of next bidder in line. address is Post Office Box 1086, Administratrix of the ,iN, I HIE. CIRCUIT COURT JOYCE: ATKINSON STOKESd 6. The City of Hampton Starke Florida, 32091, on or Estate of James E. Huddleston > ( .IIUI JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF k d JOYCE HECKLER, and reserves the right to reject any or before September 23, 1974, and Deceased i, I IW.DIURD'iiKIDA) COUNTY.IN AND FOR RALPH CURTIS HECKLER. all bids. file the original with the Clerk of 8/224t 912IN a REDFORD Respondent. Bids may be turned in to the this Court either before serviceon CIVIL ACT ION City Oerk no later than Sept. 2, Plaintiff's attorney or immediately THE CIRCUi. COURT OF TOGETHER! NOTICE OF SUIT 1974. These bids must not have thereafter; otherwisea THE EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIR- HALLMARK the name of the bidder on them. default will be entered againstyou RELEASING CORP. prwnti"DON'T CUIT OF FLORIDA IN AND FOR THE MiSt\ MARIE BALES 1 Plaintiff! To RALPH CURTIS HECKLER The Clerk will assign a numberto for the relief demanded in BRADFORD COUNTY CASE HOUIH1 I. BATES.NOIICbOf . vs I.. '111111 Address Unknown the plain envelope they will be the complaint. NO. 74-216 WAY sealed in and the bids will be WITNESS my hand and the YOU ARE NOTIFIED that a opened at the next City Council seal of this Court on this 19th IN RE: The Marriage of LOOK BASEMENT" WE SUIT Petition. for Annulment has been meeting Sept. 3. day of August, 1974.GILBERTS.. RONALD D. CRAWFORD, T E WERECOLUMBIA l I" H<>l h'rt I. Bates, filed and are against you you AtklrubS "UNKNOWN" Petitioner and DOROTHY RITA ...THE DAY THE INSANE TOOK OVER THE ASYLUM! tequired to serve a copy of your Shirley Forsyth, BROWN CRAWFORD, Respondent. PICTURES...,PASTAS HODUCTlOHS! M?.I IARAYSTARRSYDNEY Answur or Pleading, to the City Oerk CLERK OF THE CIRCUIT ;: [R r uNwn PlJU.\CK Narrow : YUUARE HEREBY NOTIFIED Petition on the Petitioner's 8/22 2t 829NOTICE NOTICE OF SUIT Ihrfl .In tiction for Divorce has Attorney GEORGE H. PIERCE COURTIN AND FOR BRADFORD Ijoen filed against you /and you P. O. Drawer 1030 Starke, COUNTY , Ire required to servo iI i copy of Florida 32091. and file the OF ELECTION Dorothy: Rita Crawfordco = 5-: Beulah M. By: Moody voni written defenses, if tiny to original Answer or Pleading in Be it known that I, DorothyW. Jackie Gagnon it,, on I ho pldintiff attorney, the office of the Clerk of the Lir, Glisson, Secretary of Stateof 8/22/ 4t 9/12 Deputy Clerk 41 Brook Street Good Counties Don't Just wliusu. ininic, ,11 K) address is CUlt Court, on or before August the State of Florida do here Lawrence, Massachusetts I km Cx-orge H. Pierce. P. O. 26, 1974. If you fail to do so, by give notice that a GENERAL 08144 Box 1U30. Sl.irke, Florida, and judgment by default will be ELECTION will be held in die tho oriyiii.il"" with\ the clerk of taken against you for the relief Bradford County, State of CALL FOR BIDS YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIEDthat Are I the iibove stylud court on or demanded in the Petition. Florida, on Tuesday next Sealed bids will/ be receivedby an action for dissolution of Happen They PlannedELECT hclora 3 1974. the first in marriage has been filed against September This notice shall be publishedonce succeeding Monday the City Commission of the otherwise be November, A. D., 1974 the said you and you are required to i luikjemnnl may each week for four close City of Starke, Florida at the City , mured against you for the relief cutive weeks in the Bradford Tuesday being the FIFTH day of Hall in Starke, Florida until 7:00: serve a copy of your written NOVEMBER fill the defenses, if any, to it on demanded in the complaint or County Telegraph. to following on Tuesday September 3, p.m RICHARD E. WELTY, Attorneyfor E' W.HODGES i tition, Dated: July 26 1974. offices: . 1974, at which time and place all whose address is Petitioner, WITNESS hand and the sudl if said Court my on July 29 United States Senator bids received will be publicly 114 N. Walnut Street P. O. Box ! ( Gilbert S. Brown Clerk and read aloud 19/4 By: Beulah M. Moody Representative in Congressfor opened on the 995, Starke, Florida, 32091, and t. Deputy Clerk the 2 Congressional DIstrict following: file the original with the Oerk of 4IhI.uI1YOUR Scrap iron and other materials Gilbert, S. BrownAs 8/1 4t 8/22/ Governor and Lieutenant the above-styled Court on or including three ((3)) junked Clerk of said Court Governor before September 23, 1974, trucks. By: Beulah M. MoodyAs Secretary of State PUT THIS BID otherwise a judgment may be Deputy Clerk Attorney General entered against you for the relief IN ONE PRICE demanded in the Petition. IiB4t829 ComptrollerState , IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF , - WITNESS hand and the Treasurer my FLORIDA, EIGHTH JUDICIAL Also one GMC 1954 Bantam seal of said Court on the 18th Commissioner of Education CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR NOTICE OF INTENTIONTO BRADFORD COUNTY.IN Commissioner of Agriculture' Dragline IN SEPARATEBID day of August, 1974.GILBERTS.. County Commissioner REGISTER Two ((2)) Commissioners, Flo- FICTITIOUS NAME PROBATE CASE No. rida Public Service Commission PRICE BROWNAS State Senators for the CLERIC OF SAID COURTBy DISTRICT 4 j May be seen at City Garage on Beulah M. Moody Pursuant to Section 865.09 following Senatorial District 6 : In re: The Estate of CLARA : West Washington Street. Florida Statutes, notice is BELL RIDDELL, deceased. Member of the State House of Deputy Oerk The said city reserves the rightto hereby that the undersigned 8/22 4t 912Fishing given Representatives for the accept or reject any or all And He Will/ Our F. G. Mueller, P. O. NOTICE TO CREDITORSAll following: bids. Help I Box 1255, Starke Florida House District 25. creditors of the estate of Ir 32091.doing business under the CLARA BELL RIDDELL, Board of County Com- Club City CommissionCity firm name of ALLIGATOR deceased, are hereby notified missioners, Districts 2, 4. of Starke, Florida County Plan For The "'. CREEK RANCH" U. S. 301 Members of the School . and file required to any claims or By: Merrill Edwards 4r4 South Starke. Bradford demands which they may have Board, Districts 1, 2. 5. City Clerk Rules Discussed ..;i County Florida, 32091, intendsto In Testimony Whereof I have said , against estate in the officeof 1t 8/22 Future t.: , register said fictitious name the Circuit Judge of Bradford hereunto set my hand and affixed TALLAHASSEE-Does the t"tft under the provisions of aforesaid County, Florida, in the Court the Great Seal of the Stateof popular sport of TournamentBass I .,, ... statute. house at Starke, Florida within Florida at Tallahassee, the Fishing in Florida Fred Mueller, sole owner. Capital, this the Nineteenth Dayof SALE BY SEALED BIDS four ((4)) calendar months from require state regulations, andif Dated this August 7, 1974 at the date of the first publicationof August, A. D., 1974.DOROTHY missioners The Board of of Bradford County Com so, by whom and how much, LOCAL BUSINESSMAN TAXPAYER Starke, Florida. Countywill this Notice. Each claim or were some of the topics 8/8 4tp 8/29 demand must be in writing and W. GLISSON receive sealed bids to be worked over during a recent must state the place of residenceand SECRETARY OF STATE opened on September 6, 1974 at meeting between represen- OWNER STARKE PAINT CENTER 8/22 4t 912IN 10:00: A.M. for the following: postoffice address of the tatives of several bass fishing 1 Metal Scrap I, NEIL TUCKER. MAYOR OF claimant and must be sworn to 2 Used Vehicles organizations, the Game and BORN IN! BRADFORD COUNTY, 44> YEARS OF AGE. by the claimant his agent, or his Fresh Water Fish Commission THE CITY OF STARKE, THE CIRCUIT COURT OF These items may be seen and FLORIDA BY VIRTUE OF THE attorney or it will become void THE EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIR- also the bids will be opened at and Ray Scott, GRADUATE BRADFORD HIGH SCHOOL law. founder of the Bass AUTHORITY VESTED IN ME according to AnglersSportsman's CUIT OF FLORIDA IN AND FOR the Bradford County Main. BY LAW, DO HEREBY CALL A July 31, 1974. Society , BRADFORD COUNTY. CASE North tenance Shop on Grand the MARRIED FATHER OF 3 CHILDREN FIRST PRIMARY ELECTION TO NO. Street in Starke. Bids will be acknowledged by many as , AT FIRE Lawrence Batten Jr, Father of present day tour BE HELD THE accepted STATION, IN THE FORESAID Administrator of the Estate of JAMES HAROLD EUNICE ANDJ. also the Board on one reserves or all the items rightto nament bass fishing I ACTIVE MEMBER FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, CITY BY QUALIFIED VOTERSON Clara Bell Riddell, deceased S. EUNICE, JR.. Plaintiffs, reject any or all bids. Bill Woods, chief of STARKE 8/154t 9/5 TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER vs. ALBERT EDWARD LANE, Fisheries for the Commission 10, 1974 A. 0., FOR THE Defendant. Gilbert S. Brown, chaired the meeting whichwas MEMBER BRADFORD COUNTY HOSPITAL PURPOSE OF ELECTING THE The City of Hampton is now Oerk to Board aimed at determininghow FOLLOWING OFFICERS: accepting bids for their Mowing NOTICE OF ACTION 8/22 2t 8/29 best to provide adequate BOARD AND AMERICAN LEGIONE. Contract which will run from recreation for both the bass GROUP 1 Oct. 74 Oct. 75. The following ToSP4: Albert Edward Lane IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF tournament angler and the One Commissioner Two Years stipulations were attached to the 263 B6 2381ABTRY FLORIDA EIGHTH JUDICIAL general fisherman GROUP 3 contract by the Street Committee 1/81 Fa CIRCUIT IN AND FOR _ One Commissioner Two Years : A.P.O. New York 09035 BRADFORD COUNTY. r...,. W. Hodges is a Man of Proven Interestin GROUP 5 1. All City-owned dght-of- YOU ARE NOTIFIED that an Case No. 74188CPIN One Commissioner Two Years way must be mowed, includingthe action to enforce a lien on the the Progress of Bradford cemetery, which is to be following property in Bradford RE: The Estate of LEA M. INSPECTORS FOR mowed twice a month. County Florida: LAPORTE UNDERHILL. If.Jj.do- SAID ELECTION: 2. The person whose bid is Lots 3 through 10, Lots 29, 31, Deceased. ' accepted will be paid per roundof 33 and 34, Lots 39 through 49 '\ Leona Mathews Inspector mowing rather than once per and Lots 56 through 60, all in NOTICE CREDITORSALL And with Proven Ability to get the Para F.Colson Inspector month as in the past. Section 11, Township 5 South, CREDITORS of LEA M. Peggy Shaller Inspector 3. Mowing will be done only Range 22 East of WOOOLAWN LAPORTE UNDERHILL who Nature, it seems, is the Job Done. Mrs.J. C. Dukes Inspector on orders from the Chairman of according to plat or map thereof died on April 30, 1974 while a popular name for milliards Louise W. Tenley Inspector the Street Committee. It must recorded in Plat Book 1, Page resident of Bradford County, and milliards and milliardsof Barbara Valinski Inspector be done in the time set by the 17, (formerly Plat Book 1. Page Florida are notified that they are particles playing their (Political Kenneth M. Struth Inspector Chairman at such times as he II) public records of Bradford required to file any claims or infinite game of billiards and Advertisement Paid For by H .W. Hodges; ) Irma Buford Inspector thinks the gras needs cutting. County. Florida..AND the West demands that they may have billiards and billiards. Ms. L.N. PICkering Inspector 4. If the Job is not completed Half....of the Northeast Quarter of against her estate in the Circuit _pl.r M.ln, Grookt I DoublxKy l . 4 r) TELEGRAPH Page 21 how 1'o Get The Most For fEa. rr &foetf&e7/' j / g s y I Ires. Your Beef .. 'c7"t n1Une", 4L61/ flVWi' .. Buying $ $ HOUSE FOR SALE: 15' 6" Carlson Ski I WILL BABY SIT In my home. PAINTING INTERIOR & Your Boat, 100 H.P. EXTERIOR: Good work for a $ SAVES"FRED Well! DrillingFast t'i.AssiKiri; > ADiimsIM'iitlliiii' : Mercury Any shift Mon Fri. Between fair price Free estimates. Call Motor. Blue with Metallic Real Estate Lawtey Starke, Phone 964- . 473 4309. Ga. 1tp 8/22 Rotary ATLANTA Do you l lor I""I'UIIII flake, complete rig. Dannie 6915. Itchg 8/22 DAVIS - meat according to its - -- Broker cost buy rn'hri.) Stewart 9648373. Itp 8/22 :Neon;. -- --- --- ---- Drilling EquipmentFor Is the preceding| GMC TRUCKS pound? price sticker /! per I'hur.ri I , ------------ '10. your only meat buying consideration 1l bli! iiblifuliim. FREE TO GOOD HOME: Large Buy Sell- Trade- BUICK PONTIAC"A - lull ll ? 111\1'' .. ,VIIII:! FOR SALE: Appaloosa GD., 8 female Collie dog. Has been t FOR RENT l LITTLE RIDE CAN 6" WellsCall Thru If it is, be '"l" Gentle AppraisalsCALL SAVE YOU A 2" you may over- Ktii: li Muni. yrs. Pleasure horse spayed. Mrs. Walter Martin. LOT" TF looking some better selection ""i I 15lltrvnN ; $300. Call 533.2825 : SPRINGS- after 5 301 North Itp 8/22 BILL POWELL GREEN COVE Us For criteria-namely, how much p.m. 8/152tchg _ 8/22 REAL ESTATE --- ------ Your Water System Needs FOR RENT: Two 2-bedroom get for the ----- you your money, 1It ------ 964-6464 eating quality of the meat and n.issiliiMl.K. ,mst, I hI'llalll OPENING September 2nd, mobile homes. Also lots. how much work you have to lu\, I.in- )In advance(| ,lnU.ss N,?, TV Color picture tubes only $79 Academic Kindergarten. Ages Prefer married couples. 964- ASSOCIATES: Sewing Machine SB47OE1Durranco( into its preparation and in eelabli.hed| -ioiiiil; plus labor, Dahmors Discount 21/2-5. Call Lu Sanders to( 6365. 1tp 8/22 put cooking. Because all of these \\lIh ;.lie I'elrgr.lph' |\ (111 Ihat1'111 tfchg. register. Phone 9648404. -- - -- -- Ralph Bryan RepairAll Pump factors enter into making a "I..\.. i::-u M.UK extra charge, ,, - - Itchg 822BILL'S FOR RENT: Furnished 1 964-6208 makes cleaned, oiled and Supply r. 'lit irxpon.thlr| IUI'( --- -------- satisfying meat purchase, (.rill. \\1"11! ,,!h ,. bedroom apt. Prefer bachelor adjusted, $7. All work Developers Of ? ho smart shoppers buy meat "".. over | WATSON'SHOUSEOFVACUUMS Home Remodeling or woman. No pets. 570 W. Bob Milner guaranteed. James ur i "hull is Under Ground according to its cost per | not Service Call Phone 964-5884, Mrs. E. Strickland, Morgan Road and Water p'd| .mil,, I 6, electrical, plumbingand : .nnht to the uflice. serving U S. Department of carpentry. Fast service. If J. Dowling Itchg 8/22 9646026Acreage SR-16. Ph. 964-8733 or 782- 864 N. Temple Ave. Agriculture (USDA) quality it's In the home do Call --- --------- 3189. Also scissors sharpened - Many brands of new -vacuums we it. Starke Fla. grade and how" they intend to 1 to 100 $1.00. tfchg 964 8087. 8/22 1tp $39.00 up. Used machines FOR RENT: 2 bedroom block Sales & Service TFN It.Since Alachua cook Bradford & - ------- the majority of the red from $10. Expert Repairs all home furnished. No pets, on most makes. Parts and Accessoriesfor LICENSED DAY CARE: Home, Griffis Loop. Phone 9645690. NEW 3 BR 2 Bath Central : meat consumers buy is r beef USDA's Agricultural FOR SALE J all vacuums. Built in fenced yard, clean surround- 1tp 8/22 Heat and Air, Carpet, on -------- ings. Meals provided. For -- --------- Wooded, high-dry acre lot, Marketing Service (AIMS) ___ central vacuum cleaning Cosh ft Corry TiresI toddlers up. 964-8464. lip butside city. Two to choose how systems. 712 N Main offers some tips on you HOUSE FOR RENT: School 2698 the most for beef Gainesville 3767110. 8/22 from. 412 E. CALL can get your FOR SALE: Two heaters. teacher's special. 2 bedroom gas --- --- ----- -- -- - - buying dollar. One $35 and one $25. 518 N. furnished house on Kingsley 3 BEDROOM 2 bath C. B. TIRES Different beef cuts have different Water St 964 8162. Itp 8/22 JOB WANTED: Mature woman Lake. Will rent from Labor with Heat and Air Carpet PLUS TAX & TAG percentages of fat and -_ wants full or part-time office Day to June 1st. $125 per beautiful lot in Starke. 15 x 30 FRONT END - bone so each one doesn't nec- t WANTED j work,typing expr. Phone 473- month. Call 533-2208. After 5 family room with fire plac& & essarily give you the same FOR SALE: 1 wringer washer 2352. tip 8/22 p.m. 8/22 2tchg 8/29 number servings per pound. electric fencer. 2 new window -- --------- ----- ----- Nice 3 BR, 1 Bath CB in Ex. BRAKE SERVICE . Snuff|, tits \\II iiiglu-r costs! screens 30 x 613/4.333/4k CUSTOM HAY cellent Location 964.5800 BALING: By FOR RENT: Mobile home 59, 1 per pound also give you more aluminum walker. 1013 WANTED: Old junk cars and bale or on percentage. Phone Minutes west of QUALITY TIRES & Butler Rd. Itp 8/22 spaces. Beautiful Building and mobile - servings per pound making scrap iron. Call Jr. Reames. 7823715. 8/22 4tp 9/12 Starke. $35 Month You pay inside and outside SERVICE FOR LESS - lots their costs per serving more -- -- --- 964-7730 or 9648477. 8/15 - -- ------ all home comparable to those of the FOR SALE: 39 inch Electric 3tp 829WANTED electricity.9645606. Skirting city. TFN required. tfchg. lower priced cuts. Since the MOBILE HOME MOVING. Also _ Range, good condition. 207N. ---------- -- ------ - --- -------- cost per serving isn't listed on Church St. Phone 964- mobile home hurricane anchoring Want to have one built? We the label however you may 6602. 1tp 8/22 Used furniture. and mobile home roof FOR RENT: Two mobile homeson can help you there also. not have considered this. But -- -- -- ---- refrigerators washers Dah- coating. Olin's MOBILE Home Griffis Loop. Call 9648816. JIMMY MOORE'S you should because it's amore mer'siDiscount House. tfchg Service. 964-5606, Rt. 100 W. lip 8/22 CHECK WITH US Sun PDIRS BuQ. accurate guide to how FOR SALE: 1 all state truck tire -- -- - - Starke, Fla. tfchg --- -- ---- WE MAY HAVE WHAT SportsMORE much will for 700 x 16 and tube like R. YOU WANT get new. you your BOAT - - FOR . FOR RENT Nice furnished WANTED: Mature lady to live : .x H. Grider. 600 HELP YOU > MIMl I gcrrd'.t\ > South West LET US YOURMONEY TF moreland St Itp 8/22 in, keep house, drive car. Call LOSE WEIGHT safely and fast apartment. No pets. Phone BUY, SEL'l.., TRADE I -- --- -- 4734982. James S. Meir- with X-11 Diet Plan 300. 9646947. Itp 8/22 STARKE PH 964-5791 376 4551 --- - wether. 8/22 -- --- -- ---- 1tp REDUCE Excess Fluids with 13ih St To compute the cost per FOR SALE: 357 Magnum 4222 NW -- -- --- X-Pal $3.00 Koch COMPLETE OUTBOARD & serving of any cut you need to revolver. Also 12 Ga. Mag. Drug. 8/8 FOR RENT: Unfurnished 3 BR FOB SALE: All sizes of Gainesville know about how many ser Shotgun, ventilated rib, 5tp 915WINTERS concrete house In Saratoga masking tape. The Office STERN DRIVE SERVICE vings you'll get from pound pump, both like new. Ask at P" - ----- Heights. Available Sept. 1. Shop. AND REPAIR of each different retail cut. Bush's Tackle Shop one block Motorcycleso. SCHOOL OF $125 mo. No children. First COMPLETE FIBERGLASS Here's the approximate off 301 on Edwards Road. DANCE: Will resume classes and last month plus $100 REPAIR PumpsNew number of 3-ounce servings 1tchg :3/22 !o... Sept. 9. Phone 9647098. Registration Security. Call now 378-2405 til CUSTOM BUILT FIBER you'll get from an average 6 p.m. No collect calls. tfchg. GLASS'FISHING' BOATS 23 between 4 -- -- --- 22 & pound of these following cuts -- ----- ---- R. T. Lovorn Realty And UsedSALES FOR SALE: Winchester CYCLE CENTER, 207 p.m. and 6pm. 396 N. of beef (information from the Automatic 12 Cherry. Dorothy Salazar FOR RENT FREEI Two monthsrent gauge shot gun. N. Temple Ave. Ph. 964-6020, : 473-3254 National Livestock and .:Meat Good condition $100. Antique Your authorized HODAKA instructor. Acro, tap, ballet & on yearly lease Mobile 473.4692 PARTS Board). dining table best offer. dealer tfchg. modern. 8/15 3tp 8/29 Home Lots. Pick your lot. DavidsonMobile SERVICE Two servings per pound: Phone 9647895. 1tp 8/22 - - -- From $25 monthly. Bradford -- - - Crystal Lake porterhouse steaks T-bone Park at Bradford Motel. 8/1 Home ParkIn DEEP a SHALLOW WELLS -- --- ---- steaks top loin (club) steaks Residential HomesitesWith rib steaks and roasts chuck FOR SALE: 1966 Barracuda, 5tchg 8/29 Lake Access City Limits Plumbing Supplies -- - --- ---- steaks and blade chuck and rebuilt engine and trans I t HElP WANTEDWANTED J From $1,800 Average arm chuck roasts. mission. Radio, heater, power MISCELLANEOUS FOR RENT 12' wide mobile 100 x185Same $30 Per Mo. EXPERT SERVICEON steering. Automatic, and air. Two and a half servings per homes outside city limits. J.B. S600. 9648750. 1tp 8/22 --- Walk To New ALL MAKES pound: sirloin steaks and White. Ph. 9646114. If no -- -- --- - boneless chuck roasts. : Lady to work in answer call 964-8775. tfchg. Area Shopping Center PHONE 9647061Durrance Three servings per pound: FOR SALE: Wurlitzer REDUCE safe & fast with -- - - organ office, some typing. Prefer Large Cape Cod City Gas, Water & Sewer rib eye steaks and roasts ten $200 down take GoEese Tablets & up E-Vap over 30 years old. Reply to A, derloin (filet mignon) steaks payments. Call 964-7424. FOR RENT: Two Air Con- 4 BR 2 Bath lip "water pills" Andrews Drawer A, Starke, Fla. tfchg On 301 South ditioned 1'/a Story round flank 8/22 cottages on Kingsley steaks steaks Fharmacy, 356 W. Madison, PUMP a SUPPLY CO. - - -- - sirloin' tip roasts boneless -- --- ----- -- Starke. 8/15 5tp 9/12 Lake. Phone after 6 p.m. 533- Closed Garage Jolu Motel 2366. tfchg.HOUSES. $35.000 864N. TEMPLE AVE. rump roasts and boneless COOK WANTED: 6 days FOR SALE --- ---- --- per : Registered Angus Lot Size 200 x 185 briskets. - ---- - cows. Heifers and bull calves.J. week. Off on Sunday. Applyin 964-8810 Four servings per pound: B. White. Ph. 964-6114 SAWS SHARPENED, work person. Garden Restaurant. -.... ground beef stewing beef 964-8775 tfchg or guaranteed. Call 964-7509 or 8/152tchg 8/22 ---- cubed steak and liver. Jackson BootsBootsBootsJustin leave at Building ---- - --- FOR SALE --- ----- -- New HomesMid.Twenties Divide the approximatenumber Supply, Starke or Keystone of servings per pound FOR SALE: 1973 Chevy LUV tfchg HELP WANTED: MaintenanceMan t... .... into the cost per pound andyJu'lI Truck Excellent Condition. Heights. mature. Must have With Lake Access SpecialNew & Wrangler - - get the cost per 3-ounce $1950. Call 468-1835. Itp 8/22 some exp. Apply in person Near KH School serving for that cut. -- --- ------- FREE PUPPIES: 5 weeks old. Holiday Inn, 301 North. Mrs. UNITED FARM AGENCY. INC Finances Arranged Doublewide Leather Belts Buying according to the cost FOR SALE: 1964 Dodge P.S., Call 4681310. Waldo. lip Nugent or Mr. Glover. Itchg Reg. Real Estate Broker To Size 56 3 Br 1 &/. Bath A.C. 8/22 8/22 Paul Faulkner per serving makes sense. That Automatic, inspected, Broker way you do not buy solely by a good tires, dependable, 964- ---- ---- -- --- -------- Irene Faulkner Assoc. LOW DOWN PAYMENT Only $6995Your Western Shirts cut's price per pound, but 7822, after 4 p.m. $250 Firm. Robert Faulkner Assoc. New masonry homes, 3 rather by how much you get Itp 8/22 Louise McRae Assoc. bedroom, 2 bath, central heat Indian Moccasins from it. ---------- -- and air, wall to wall carpets. In the same respect, buying FOR SALE: 6 by 9 linoleum 2305 N. Temple Ave. Doublewide according to the USDA quality $3.50, 9 by 12 $5.98, 12 by 12 Starke, Fla. 964-5065 28 acre farm, good house, barn, Specialists CARRADINE1SLEATHER grade also makes sense. If the $11.95 and 12 by 15 $14.94 pecan trees, fenced and cross SHOP meat you buy bears a USDA up. DAHMERS DISCOUNT 902 SOU1H STARKE. WANT TO SELL OR BUY fenced, pasture, on paved road "G" 'd'" Big IMcDon REAL ESTATE? quality grade shield you can tfchg WALNUT SL FLORIDA Hampton area. Phone 782.3400 be assured of its eating ,S quality--meaning its tenderness - - Call Us For Best Prices 5 acre tracts, on paved road Mobile Homes Lawtey, Florida juiciness and flavor. FOR SALE: Epiphone Guitars Prospects Waiting< tfchq north of Starke. Hwy 90 E. Lake City, Fla. 32058 '"or a specific cut-sirloin made in Japan by Gibson now McDonald's NOW HIRINGImmediate steaks tor example-you can at Dahmers DIscount. tfchg. aa Nice waterfront home. 752.3201 7 24. 10, 17 the following dif- 440 Acres (portions cleared) TF expect - - - ferences the top three price $1100.00 per acre, liberal FRED SACKETT-REALTOR among all shifts for full and FOR SALE: Beautiful fingertip openings on part terms. 205 N. (US-301) USDA quality grades: Temple ) , bridal veil with tiera headpiece time help Male and Female Apply In ii in ii iiL iiLI HLMU i M pii| USDA Prime beef offers you person -- - 964-6522 the ultimate in tenderness, dotted with tiny seed pearls. Monday through Friday between the hours of 10 20 acre tract, with well, It. Pole, Nite 468-1753 LonChampHome juiciness and flavor. It has Used once. Good as new. AM and 3 PM at 802 South Walnut St. In Starke.W and septic tank for quick sale, HOCAKASell's Phone 4732210. of $35. $23.000.00. and abundant marbling-flecks will train you. -- -- - fat within the lean-which - Materials enhances the flavor and juici 3 BR, 1 Bath, Masonry, 3 A. For Sale More [Building ] ness. It is the highest grade FOR SALE: 75 HP Chrysler An Equal Opportunity Employer Cleared Paved Road, outside WE BUILD . engine, 16 ft boat and trailer. City. available and most of the Good condition. Kids lost 4 Br. Frame YOUR PLANS OR OURS - - more desirable cuts of this Trail Bikes interest. Must sell. 473.2210.tfchg. NEW HOMES: 3 BR, 2 Baths, grade are sold to restaurants. 1 Mi Out Of City YOUR LOT OR OURS' USDA Choice beef is very carpeted, Cen. H/A, some tender juicy and flavorful. It -- - - PERMANENT.FACTORY appliances Garage or Carport, On 1 Acre With Trees Than Anyone FREE ESTIMATES. has slightly less marblingthan FOR SALE: Baby Calves Dairy 'm City 23000.00 up; out of City REMODELING REPAIRS Prime but is still of very and Dairy crossed $25 and up. with Paved St., 36000.00 up. Priced ForImmediate Edwards, Jr., Ed- WANTED - ADDITIONS high quality. Choice is the Maurice EMPLOYEES Sale Else In The grade most commonly foundin wards Road Phone 9646096or Keystone Heights, Waterfront HOMES BOUGHT SOLD supermarkets. 964 8510. 8/8 4tp 8/29/ Home with beautiful Grounds 964-7826 964.6593 TRADED USDA Good beef often .- - -- Steady Year-round employmentNo $39,000.00. World ! [ ACREAGE FOR SALE pleases thrifty shoppers be. -- - George Roberts cause it is usually somewhatmore Property Management and 964-6853 shoulder and in the front - in the and Appraisals Solicited. Real Estate lean than Prime Experience Necessary Earn While You Learn. and hind take longer to HWY. 301 S. STARKE TF Choice. It is only slightly less legs heat. Overtime Available. Production Bonus Paid In Ad. Starke Florida .-.._.. _. -.. moist A.J.TIIOM cook and require : VS. Realtor ------ "-'- . tender than Choice but because dition To Regular Hourly Rate. Fringes Include Paid the from The more tender cuts 1121 .N. UALM'TST.. it has less marbling it And Vacation. In Holidays Addition, Company Paid less used musclesin Tel. !9615162LILLIAN ( :! lacks some of the juicinessand "suprort"back take Hospitalization and Major Medical. flavor of the higher the I HODAKAI ? ALCOHOLICS less time to cook and can be grades. with heat.Here's Apply At Owen Joist Lincoln City Road 8:00: A.M.to We now have a Julltime appli- I SAliS While all meat t is inspectedfor either cooked a list dry of the cooking 5:00 P.M. Monday Through Friday. C. PEARSONReal ance repairman for all your I stnvicr r,71 ANONYMOUS wholesomeness by Estate repair needs. for each beef methods to use USDA or state agencies not Pull line of Hod k4 ft Chaparral. cut: 782.3806 Badcocks motorcycle alto' aura Go Cart. 964-5148 all of it is federally graded. Phone Call , Dry Heat: (broiling, roasting An Equal Opportunity EmployerOAKS and Mini-ftikM. panes accttftorla beef soldin 944-5289 - of and modaltSTARKE About 85 per cent for all masse 8 A.M. 9 A.M. panbroiling panfrying rover supermarkets as steak and Crystal Lake Homesites roast is graded. Grading is a charcoal) tenderloin with Lake Access CYCLE 12 MIDNIGHT 1 A.M. steaks porterhouse steaks T- service available to , voluntary bone steaks, top loin (club) for fee. OAKS CENTER the meat Industry a steaks rib steaks sirloin OAKS - BRASINGTONCADILLACOLDSMOBILE 964-7959 So if concerned about you're ) steaks ribeye steaks sirloin 207 N. Temple a Stark 2P.Mf5P.M. the quality of beef you buy, Small House on 1 acre the tip roasts (In top grades only), SALES&SERVICE look for cuts bearing 964-6020 USDA grade shield. rump roasts, rib roasts, and HUGE HOME SITES - Fine selection of Used Cars TF 13IP-9/28 much easier ground beef. Taken On Cadillac Trades Some cuts are and quicker to cook than Moist Heat: (braising Q Virgin unspoiled area off Highway 315 near Smith 0 10 Acres on SR 230 East 2001 N.W,13th 3185301GAINESVILL I others. And If you're like mostof stewing liquid)pot round roasting steaks cookingin flank A & Hall Lakes in Clay County. A OLINS MOBILE HOME SALES us, time is valuable, so - - your steaks blade chuck steaks Roads, power, Top School Dlttrlcl Tnll.rt.. OK. K ;'\ you've got to spend it wisely. and roasts, arm chuck steaks K 15 v.or Financing by own '.unit or no bl.ck|.ck oak. HWY. 100 W. PH. W4-5604 ,., . of time f1t .1 Consider the amount New HomesAcreageAvailable Start MMO par pared, MJ INSURANCEAT 111 and roasts, stewing beef S p.r mo. and have to into .dI effort you put l< ! corned beef brisket short ribs LOW DOWN PAYMENT REDUCED RATES cooking each cut properly. - - and beef shanks. LARGE SELECTION OF PRE-OWNED: a Generally beef cuts can be Decide how much time and CALL 1.378.2308 West Central Reality AUTO, FIRE BOAT divided into two groups each DayEveningsand REPOSSESSED HOMES IN GOOD effort you're willing to put into DOYLE E.CONNERINSURANCE with different cooking re- Gainesville Fla. Weekendsfor CONDITION AT A REASONABLE PRICE the cut then select , cooking quirements. The less-tender OAKS OAKS OAKS your real estate needs AGENCY TFAugust22,1J7.I the one best for you. TCHG cuts from "motion" muscles: t t. ., '' ". -" -. ,. "" ... .".. ,, _"' ., ,.., ." ."" ,, n ,,__, .. ., ,n'.m.. '" ." ".. .", ", ,.. ..." .. .... """ ,,, ," ,. ....,.. "" "" '' .. .." ,.. c, ,' "' .... ........ "" '" "' '" '''' ,, ,, ... ._ ______"__,,_,____ __ ,_.. ' j Page22 IKLKCiKAPII 1\lfgUit22,1171! r 22 Correction Bills Passed In 1974 SENIOR 51 Of Every 100 Don't Know PINE SKTTIIIS GROVE)SUNDAY:SING; I The Pine Grove Congrega- Out Of Senate Criminal Justice Com CITIZENS What To Do In EmergencyDid tional 199, off Methodist 16, Raiford Church will have, SRD a r gospel sing on August 24 at 7:30 Refreshments will : p.m. TALLAHASSEE -- A bill bers or identification marks misdemeanor. to a third My beloved wife, Senior you know that less than course was the proper an- sidered a direct method of be served. which would establish a from personal property with degree felony Citizen Dorothy Kerrigan, half or the people in Bradfordand swer. 20 percent would call the accessing the system. statewide criminal analysis intent to prevent identificationby SB '983 amends the law to died very peacefully Thursday Union counties would hospital. 17 percent would call In Bradford County direct laboratory system was one of the true owner; 1113 2738(; exempt from Ihe term night, August 14, at 10:10: know the best thing to do in an their doctor. 5 percent would access can be obtained only by 22 bills out of the Senate creates the crime of intentionally "juvenile traffic offense" the p.m. May she "Rest in emergency? call the Police, the Sheriff or phoning the County Sheriff's PINE (mO\'CHURCH Criminal Justice Committee, killing, maimingor use of a motor vehicle by a Peace." Dorothy was a A medical emergency, thatis the Highway Patrol. Another Office or the toll free Pine Grove Congregational which cleared the 1974 disfiguring another per child to flee or attempt to staunch advocate for the : a severe heart attack, an member of the family would Emergency Medical Number. Methodist Church, Raiford. Legislature. son's animal. elude a police officer, ', leavingthe elderly and poor, but in the accidental serious injury, a be called by 2 percent. 3 While the call to the Sunday School, 10 a.m ; SB 284 creates state CS lor liB 15m: provides for scene of an accident involving past few years she became too broken or fractured limb, percent would seek the aid of a Hospital is not a direct access, Sunday morning service, 11 operated laboratories under the expunging of orficiall'II\II.t death or personal weak for any activity. But she perhaps anykind of a friend or neighbor 1 percent it is considered preferable to a a.m.; Sunday evening service, records relating t ti> the arrestof injuries, driving while under! accident that would would call either Cecil Fieldor the jurisdiction of the did encourage me to continuemy mishap or call to a physician. Such calls 7:30: p.m.Prayer. Department of Law Enforcement iI i person not previously the influence oi alcohol, drugsor work. require the immediate at- the Red Cross. Finally 3 are often "deadly" and a meeting and Bible ; existing convicted of a crime or or- other stimulants and 1 use of My sincere thanks to Norma tention of expert medical percent said they simply major effort must be made to study Thursday evening 7:30: laboratories in Brovvard "111I.ll1ee'iolation., upon a motor vehicle in violation of Thompson, Barbara Reardon, response to save life or limb. wouldn't know what to do in an change the attitude held by p.m. Dade. Palm Beach St. Uieie motion\ alter acquittal or federal law. Mrs. Kedfearn, and Mrs. M.F. 51 of every 100 citizens are emergency.In more than 17 percent of the Rev. Ollie Mae White and Seminole counties release! without adjudication Ill :30!()(>4 makes it a first Ila/en of the Bradford County unaware of the fact that the commentary for population A better become eligible 'for state of gu dt. :Nonpublic records arc degree misdemeanor to Loan Closet which provided emergency medical servicesare Bradford County, which accompanied distribution of emergency matching!: funds ,md tie-in retained by the Department of publish or transmit the many appliances for available to them by the survey findings telephone stickers would -------------- with such other laboratoriesthat Law I Enforcement.: telephone credit number or Dorothy's use and comfort, simply placing a call from the it was stated that, "The serve to improve phase three Uecannot all be great but provide rinuanl analysis 111)3277: creates the Florida other credit device ith intentto and especially to our two nearest telephone to a special results of the survey showed survey results (Phase three is we can always: attach ourselves services. Emergency: Telephone Act of avoid or to cause another to wonderful friends, Agnes medical( emergency telephone that Bradford County at- another survey to be conducted to something that is The bill provides that the 1SI74! and authorizes the avoid lawful charges. Drake and Peggy Payne, who number 1-800-342-1516 in titudes very closely approximates in June. 1975)\ ) great. department have full control 1 Division of Communications HB 2751 provides) that a were of inestimable help to Jacksonville. the seven county Another question in t the Harry Emerson. Fosdick over the laboratories and to develop and implement a warrant may be issued for Dorothy and me during these -1of! every 100 people in totals. An unusually high sampling was'l': have makes those specified eligible; ,statewide emergency search of a private dwelling trying times. Bradford and Union counties number of respondents in- attempted to distribute Al local lor 75 percent state and 23: telephone number "911" to when a crime has been The North Central Florida would know that expert dicated they would seek help telephone( stickers listing the overheard our library.' I a man asking 'ora percent local matching funds. enable law enforcement committed or evidence Coalition of Senior Citizenswill medical attention is availableon first by calling the County phone numbers to call in the book entitled 1 "Man. fl.',' I It t (also offers these agencies and other relevant to pl'oinglwt\ a meet Sept. 3 at 10 a.m., a round the clock basis hospital The tact I hot the event of an emergency. Have Superior Sex.' "...Iction." laboratories the option to organizations providingl'll1l'rgl'nCY crime has been committed is Starke Kec. Hall, Pratt Street through the facilities of the Bradford County Rescue you received one of (thosetickl'I" the girl at the desk told him become state operated, and services to be contained in the private Invited guests are Rep. Frank Emergency: Medical Care Units are hospital based could "'" 53: percent of (hose frostily, "is two aisles " creates a crime laboratory contacted quickly and ef- dwelling. Williams and CongressmanDon services to the citizens in explain this; however, a call called had received stickers Mrs H Youl'il, ,.n i 1Vnn.so\ over.s Own, council to be appointed 1 by the! hcit'iitly. HI I 292i\ (; makes it a third Fuqua. Max Friedson, those counties. to the hospital is not con and 47 percent had not. I .I'M Governor. MB Mil( amends the law to degree!: felony the making or president of the Congress of Those figures are the resultsof The committee chaired'by provide that a person oho possessing any device capableof Senior Citizens of all Florida, a random sampling survey I I Sen Richard Pettigrew. D! obtiimes food or lodging; duplicating tones or sounds will be the main speaker. completed in May, 1974 as to _ :Miami handled t 110 bills having a value of less than for purposes of avoiding Interested seniors of Bradford how people would re-act in an * during the session, approving Mot\ () at a public lodging or food payment of long distance County and Starke are cor- emergency situation. Step out in Levis.'Panatela 411 and holding!: f 1i2> Of the -IB. 22 service establishment with telecommunications.t dially invited. Results of the survey were passes the Legislature and 40 the intent to defraud is guiltyof HB 3 were left in other committees a second degree of animals of cattle or and develop "Senior Power." Camp, Public Education ; slacks I I misdemeanor, and if $100 or hlll's's', their Inbrids. is or a .or on the House and Senate In this manner only, can we Coordinator of the Eight . calendars more, violation is a third felony of the third degree get our national, state and County Emergency Medical Just For :WM..'N. 1115 2.-W: ) establishes! the degree: felony. local politicians to listen to us Care Project of Northeast Right SI B :344 provides that courts orreetional standards and develop legislation and Florida. i council which is to make ,..halll'msidl'r restitution in a Don Fuqua pass it into law for us and Now that's bad. But its still Back To School .innual. reports to the mitigation III'111l' severity of those of you who will be the better than a similar survey governor: and Legislature an otherwise appropriate senior citizens of tomorrow.Our conducted in September, 1973, \\ith recommendations for ,sentence. where defendantsare To vote is a powerful when only 35 out of 100 would legislation in the field of lound guilty for crimes Appear weapon. It was won after know what to do and 65 out of corrections. The council's involving property but not many deaths and bloody 100 were still in the dark. duties includes providing injury lo persons. cracked skulls. We must keepit Some progress has been made qualifications tor corrections ('S for SI < 74 provides that August 30 and use it judiciously to during the eight months officers developing officer \the trial judge in a bifurcated select the best candidates passage of time between the and setting trial, may impanel a office in . \training programs seeking government two survey samplings.One curriculum lor second jury or summon aOPl'CI.II U.: S. Hep. Don Fuqua. D- of nationally, state and locally, of the questions askedin juror to determine the Altha. will be at the Garden training. : who will not only promise but the survey was: "Who SD 43i\( allows law enforcement pciiiilty when the trial jury or Restaurant on North; Temple keep their pledge to theelderly would you call for help in a + +rf.! otticer and a member is unable to Avenue in Starke next Friday. disabled and d persons poor, medical emergency? 49 ra'tr. + hisquest ,tcungunder l direction of a law reconvene.CS Aug 30. from 3-4:30: p.m in veterans with better percent of those called said enforcement officer to intercept lor SB 739 provides that for re-election. legislation. too long we, onset they would call an ambulanceor wire or oral communications ..mv ground !l'vl'lur first floor Most of his campaigning has incomes mostly below the the rescue unit Which, of , to obtain licensed business establishment to be confined weekends poverty level, according to . idence! of crime when such shall provide at I least t one due to the press of Congressional Bureau of Labor Statistics, person is a party to the easily i accessible entrance and duties have been pushed around. For $1 2 $1800Stump's -- communication\ t or when all exit for use by t the physically our own sake we must use our parties to the communication handicapped including! the vote and question all can I 1 4 Dept Store . have given prior consent: to blind. didates for office on what their ""fimatelar such interception. The billi Ill It :l'J.\ .">7 makes it a third efforts will be in our behalf. I ., unlawful to intercept degree to Ihl'oa hard sub still working with i krs it People i WI' purpose of cornnutting Miince. or a ,shooting: missile at incomes of $11,000 to $20,000per The Shawnee Indians used to aaaQaac( ( [oaa! :)1ac s a criminal act. ,ininto a 1101111trarn: and year know of the "Battleof dip a buffalo tail in water and Committee Substitute for provides penalty distinctions) ) the Market Basket." What shake it gently to produce 301 South Starke SB tI\iS: !) defines( the act of in- lor property damage and about us"7 With an income of rain. Hwy Mluntiir.sexual. : battery to threat to life. less than $3,000 per year we include rape, sodomy and Ill 2724 provides for know that from week to weekwe sexual battery, and provides definitions ami penalties for find increases in prices penalties. Inquiry into vic disclosing: or copying trade from 5 to 20 cents: or more on tims' prior sexual conduct is seciets, ; SB \171:! defines s.atL'ltlOl'nl'y and all commodities. How much SCHOOL BOARD OF BRADFORD COUNTY, FLORIDA strictly limited.Ill investigators further can we stretch our 2179 rewrites the 10:1: \'l'Sl1l'11\ \ arrest t powers, dollars' It is factual thatelderly 582 North Temple Ave. Phone criminal code to give fair pursuant to completing and poor people in our Starke Florida 32091 904-964-6800 timing of prohibited conduct (ruining/ required b> Police country have resorted to , and to clearly define the standards: Council eating dog food. SHAME! Jim Temple, Superintendent material elements of an of- SB 947 amends the lato In unity there is strength. tense .IS well as the required increase the penalty for President Lincoln aptly August 19, 1974 state of criminal mind. abandoning or willfully described this when he SB til makes it unlawful to relusing" to redeh\er a hired showed an audience that one erase or deface serial num vehicle from a second degree toothpick could be broken There are vital measures easily but when he took a pending I>I.>fore the House bunch of toothpicks bound hich would aid the economy together they couldn't be NOTICEALL To The VotersOf and help curl inflation which broken. Therein is a lesson. we should proceed with all By building a strong, unified (deliberate :speed to enact. I coalition of senior citizens in TO Starke leel that lie I people of the Florida we can have "SeniorPower" : I istrict( willunie'rStanilwby it and have influence: on will be 11l''l'ssal'to restrict legislators.We . Before I Qualified For The City mv personal campaigning.." our are non-partisan, non- Council I Advised My EmployerThat he Fuqua said. said the I lie Second profit support organizations.any political We party.don't PARENTS OF BRADFORD (District of the largest t in is onl' ( Nationally we can muster 28 I Would NOT ACCEPT A the nation in urea but that he million votes, multiplied by would visit every county prior relatives and friends. We have Transfer From Starke, That My 10 the \Democratic primary in the power of the ballot box. Family And I Had Returned In SeptemberThe Congressman: stated LET'S whatever USE happens IT! Because to the COUNTY STUDENTS Order To Make This Our Per- 1 that he planned to wage< ( a senior citizen and poor can be I positive campaign based on beneficial or destructive to all manent Residence If ElectedTo iiis record of service and of the people of our country.Our . spend much of his time next meeting is August TRANSPORTED BY SCHOOL BUSThe - Our City Council I Will Fulfill listening to the views of the 27 at 1 p.m., Pratt Street people he is able to see. Recreation Center. We need My Obligations. Fuqua is a subcommittee each other in these days of . chairman of I the Science and chronic inflation. God helps Astronautics Committee aswe11 those who try to help them as being a ranking selves. Join us and help in the Thank You, member of the Ciiivernment struggles which are still withus t Operations) Committee. Prior and just won't go away. Bill Glover lo his election to Congress at Joe Kerrigan \the age( of 28 he served two bus routes for the 1974-75 school year will remain the same as for the 1973-74 school year terms Representatives in the State from(House his of with the following exception: The students who were picked up in the Reno section in the morningby Vote For home county of Calhoun bus No. 34, and bus No. 52, will be picked up this year by bus No. 2, with the driver yet to be .Fuque's( Second named. The following morning schedule will be observed: t Congressional I [District I encompasses :22 north Florida : '+lpVea 8:05 Old Road at Limit counties from Bradford in\ the : Lawtey City east to Jackson County the 8:15: Old Lawtey Road at S.R. 16 Pick up children enrolled at Southside. west including Jackson.Calboun. . Liberty. Franklin ; 8:25: Southside Elementary t, Waukulla.. Hamilton..Il'!fl'rson.Suvvannee.Columbia. Leon.Tavlor. .. ll apu/I 8:35: S.R. 16 and Old Lawtey Road. Pick up children enrolled at Starke Elementary School. Baker Union. CQ".cQ 8:45: Starke Elementary School. Bradford. AI lchlla, Leon, l5 iilchrist Dixie.: :Madison M iadsden, and part of Holmes. Sunday -- Sunday School, 8:55: Bus Garage. 9:43: : a.m.; Morning Worship at 11 o-clock Sermon: "The BillGlover My Neighbors Deacon and Deeking"; There may be some additional changes made, effective Thursday, September 9th. If your child is Church Evening Training Worship at 6:13 7:30: p.m.p.m.;, involved in one of these later changes, he will be notified by memo during the preceding week.If . Sermon: "Real Greatness." there are any questions concerning any route, contact the school your child is enrolled in or r- Monday .- Girl's Ensemble, Mr. Ken Young at 9646800. ( '/ 6:30 Practice.: p.m.7 p.m.Youth Choir School will open at the following times: Southside at 8:40: Starke Elementary at 8:40: Hamptonat City Council {9l' L1 Tuesday -- Junior Choir 8:30: Lawtey at 8:30: Brooker at 8:30: Bradford Middle School at 8:50: and Bradford High ..... Practice 3:20: ; Youth Choir School at 8:50. Group 3 ) Practice 7 p.m.Wednesday . } -- -- Family :Night; Ken Young A Concerned Permanent 1 yw .L Supper[ 6:00: pm.; Hour of , 1l Power, 6:30: ; Teachers and Coordinator of OperationsKJYr Resident Who Lives and ..: Officer Meeting 7:13: p.m.; Church Choir Practice, 8pm. Works In Our City Thursday Visitation. 9:30: : a.m. Music !Makers ; Chapel "Say something nice about Bells, 3:20: p.m.; Visitation, 7 (Paid, Pol Adv) her work how It makes p.m. such attractive scrap or like that ;' Ben P. Bryant Pastor 1 r Contact Us | Permissions | Preferences | Technical Aspects | Statistics | Internal | Privacy Policy © 2004 - 2011 University of Florida George A. 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Its always good to reuse code and UI in application. In this blog we will learn how to reuse view using “addSubview” Method.
Step 1 – Create Project– Create single view application
Step 2 – Create UI and add new files –
1. Create another viewcontroller in storyboard and create new file “SecondViewcontroller”.
2. Add button in “ViewController” class and navigate to “SecondViewcontroller”
3. Drag view in both view controller
4. Embed navigation bar to navigate from one screen to another –>Go Editor menu – embed in – navigation controller
Step 3 – Create common view Xib and file
- Create new file CommonView ->> Click on file – new – Cocoa touch class – next (click) – subclass of UIView
- Create new .XIB for common view ->> Click on file – new – view (user interface) – give name CommonView
- Change Custom class to CommonView
4. Change Simulated matrix – Size – Freeform and resize .Xib
Step 4 – Create Outlet
ViewController class –
for View – @IBOutlet weak var firstdView: UIView!
SecondViewController class –
for View – @IBOutlet weak var secondView: UIView!
CommonView class –
for Label – @IBOutlet weak var lblCommon: UILabel!
for Button – @IBAction func btnCommon(_ sender: Any) { }
Step 5 – Add common view to both viewcontroller as Subview
Please find code in each file and comments which is easily understandable
CommonView.Swift
import UIKit protocol CommonViewDeleget { func btnCommonClick() } class CommonView: UIView { var deleget : CommonViewDeleget? @IBOutlet weak var lblCommon: UILabel! @IBAction func btnCommon(_ sender: Any) { self.deleget?.btnCommonClick() } }
ViewController Class :
import UIKit class ViewController: UIViewController, CommonViewDeleget { @IBOutlet weak var firstView: UIView! override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() //---- initialise CommonView let commonView = UINib(nibName: "CommonView", bundle: nil).instantiate(withOwner: nil, options: nil)[0] as! CommonView firstView.addSubview(commonView) //---- to add "commonView" as subview commonView.deleget = self //---- delegete commonView.lblCommon.text = "We can change label in particular Screen" } //MARK: commonViewDeleget func btnCommonClick() { print("Button Click") } }
SecondViewController Class :
import UIKit class SecondViewController: UIViewController { @IBOutlet weak var secondView: UIView! override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() //---- initialise CommonView let commonView = UINib(nibName: "CommonView", bundle: nil).instantiate(withOwner: nil, options: nil)[0] as! CommonView secondView.addSubview(commonView) //---- to add "commonView" as subview } }
You can download source code
Hope you find this blog useful. Please feel free to contact with me in case you have any query, suggestions. You can comment, like and follow posts.
You can request any topic related to Swift and iOS development.
2 thoughts on “Reuse View in multiple screen”
very useful.. understand reuse common view and delegate concept.
Thank You! 🙂
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https://sandeshsardardotcom.wordpress.com/2017/09/16/reuse-view-in-multiple-screen/?replytocom=65
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CC-MAIN-2020-40
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refinedweb
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| 51.14
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make set
Timeout() low priority during page load
Categories
(Core :: Performance, defect)
Tracking
()
People
(Reporter: cynthiatang, Assigned: jesup)
References
(Depends on 2 open bugs, Regressed 2 open bugs)
Details
(Keywords: perf, perf:pageload, site-compat)
Attachments
(3 files, 13 obsolete files)
In profiler result, we can see some heavy tasks come from setTimeOut() at the beginning of google doc loading. If the timer task could be handled later, then we can see the google doc toolbar much earlier. That could improve our user experience for google doc page loading time. Profiler:
Interesting idea. Do we know what should/could be processed before setTimeout callbacks?
Ben, is this setTimeout bug still meaningful after all the timer work you did for Quantum?
Its really hard to say without another profile. My setTimeout() changes will cause timeout callbacks to yield to other main thread work if they take more than 4ms of time. This only really helps with large numbers of setTimeout() calls, though. We don't interrupt individual long running callbacks. In the comment 0 profile there is a single callback that seems to take a long time. If that is still the case, then my changes won't help. Its possible, though, that google docs has started using requestIdleCallback() for things that can delayed. A new profile is probably necessary.
The general algorithm here (not written in stone - more like in putty) is to push content setTimeouts/Intervals to a list processed off the Idle queue during pageload. On end of pageload we move them all back to the 'normal' queue. (Note that a Reschedule on that is probably still missing from the patch.)
Chrome does something similar in their scheduling; they push all timers to a different queue which they deprioritize during load. Overall there's a bunch of complexity around this in chrome, which I'm investigating for ideas. They will run timeouts during mainthred-idle periods.
We could use a new idle queue with different parameters. We could handle relative timeouts differently than in this patch...
Comment on attachment 9037382 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload Looking for some early feedback on the idea of deprioritizing setTimeout firings during load, thanks!
Comment on attachment 9037382 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload >+nsIEventTarget* TimeoutManager::IdleEventTarget() { >+ return mWindow.EventTargetFor(TaskCategory::IdleCallback); // XXXX use a new one >+} er, hmm, does this actually end up returning anything useful or just leftover thing from Quantum DOM? is how idle dispatching is done.
Fixed the IdleDispatch (though probabaly I can do a better refactoring) and also fixed cancel of a deferred settimeout/interval. Also now reschedules the normal executor as needed after releasing timeouts on load-complete. I think a remaining problem is that the timeouts for subdocuments (iframes) are beind released when the subdocument loads, not when the top-level document loads. bz: just looking for feedback on the plan; not necessarily the code (though you're free to look). Still a WIP note!
It's definitely deferring most timeouts now; for facebook typically it doesn't run them until ~load -- or iframe load, I'm checking on that. Nationalgeographic has some idle time, so lots of timeouts run before load.
now paints a waffle (in low-resolution....) before running the timeout! But a second run fired Load and released the timeout before we painted, so we'll want to think if there's any adjustment we want to do (small delay after load, or trigger off something later in the pipeline, or leave it). -- in the marker chart under settimeout, you can see that it deferred the timer by 7ms (and ran it from the idle callback) detail: Second run:
Loading buzzfeed shows that no timeouts ran off the idle queue (no idle time) -- however, there are a bunch of settimeout release markers, mostly before the final load event, which implies to me that they're due to loads of iframes and their timeouts are being released before the document load: So it may need additional work on where the load signal comes from.
There are separate markers for setTimeout -- deferred and ran off idle queue -- and setTimeout release -- moved back to head of normal queue after isLoading moves to false (with a MaybeSchedule pass to reset wait time if needed). I'll tweak the markers to make it easier to compare, as well as add a pref to flip this on and off
It builds clean across the board, though tp6 had some sort of problem -
Comment on attachment 9037472 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload >+ nsPIDOMWindowInner* inner = GetInnerWindow(); >+ if (READYSTATE_LOADING == rs || READYSTATE_INTERACTIVE == rs) { >+ mLoadingTimeStamp = mozilla::TimeStamp::Now(); mLoadingtimeStamp is set with _LOADING and _INTERACTIVE > // At the time of loading start, we don't have timing object, record time. >- if (READYSTATE_LOADING == rs) { >- mLoadingTimeStamp = mozilla::TimeStamp::Now(); >- } But here only with _LOADING Doesn't the change break all navigation timing handling? >class TimeoutExecutor final : public nsIRunnable, > public nsITimerCallback, > public nsINamed { > TimeoutManager* mOwner; >+ nsIEventTarget* mEventTarget; >+ bool mIdleQueue; mIsIdleQueue (when I saw the mIdleQueue usage elsewhere, I thought it was a queue.) >+++ b/dom/base/Timeout.cpp >@@ -15,17 +15,19 @@ namespace dom { > Timeout::Timeout() > : mTimeoutId(0), > mFiringId(TimeoutManager::InvalidFiringId), > mPopupState(PopupBlocker::openAllowed), > mReason(Reason::eTimeoutOrInterval), > mNestingLevel(0), > mCleared(false), > mRunning(false), >- mIsInterval(false) {} >+ mIsInterval(false) { >+ mStart = TimeStamp(); TimeStamps' default ctor should work here. mStart is a tad vague name. Is it more like... mSchedulingTime? >+bool TimeoutManager::IsLoading() const { >+ // A window is considered loading if: >+ // * it hasn't fired the document load event >+ // * it's not chrome >+ // XXX Do we want to distinguish between before DCL and before load? Do we need to? >+void TimeoutManager::MoveIdleToActive() { >+ int num = 0; uint32_t >+void TimeoutManager::ProcessIdleTimeouts() { >+ TimeStamp now = TimeStamp::Now(); >+ RunTimeout(now, now, true); // XXX check >+} So nothing calls this method?
Cleaned up a bunch of things. Needs more asserts and testing, and probably tweaking. Handles subdocuments by mirroring the loading start down from the top-level document. Example buzzfeed profile, showing timeouts run off idle ('settimeout') and ones released when we finished loading ('settimeout release') - tags in the textmarkers could be better, and we may not leave them in anyways). Clearly delays LOTS of timeouts; I saw 60 being released on an idle timeout.... (though it will limit the time spent executing timeouts before going through the idle queue again, so that's ok - we may want to tune the max time down though)
uncomment a line I temporarily commented to test something
Updated for smaug's suggestions; added a dom.timeout.defer_during_load (defaults to true) which you can change live (no restart needed) to turn on and off the new settimeout behavior. Also pushed a full try (without the pref and olli's changes) at -- there's at least one UAF ( and I haven't look at most of the rest (others I looked t were timeouts), so (no surprise) there's more work to do here. Ehsan (and bz) - I'm more interested in your thoughts on the strategy here, though I'm happy to have feedback on the implementation
One thing need to be careful at is that if page loading takes forever, as it may, we probably don't want to slow down timers too long time.
And, need to ensure timers get still run before idle queue, since browser uses idle queue for several heavy operations, like GC and CC and object deletion.
As we discussed on IRC, perhaps we could add a new queue to the main thread, something which gets handled after normal priority queue but before idle queue..
Well, even when it does take forever, the timeouts will still run off idle time on mainthread - but they may be delayed more than normal. We could put a max time of say 60 or 120 seconds on the delaying period, or perhaps variable based on <something> - bandwidth, device type (mobile vs desktop), activity, etc. We could also put a max time on how long a timeout will be delayed, though I'm less in love with that idea.
And yes, we should get this ahead of generic idle queue users.
Much cleaner on Try now; mostly wpt1 and Reftest 'C' (and tp6)
Nathan, bz - a ping for your feedback on the approach here. The general idea is to address some of the issues around scheduling during a load, in particular scheduling of setTimeout calls - we've found that part of the difference between us and chrome is that often sites (or ads on sites) schedule a lot of timeouts that we fire before the load finishes - and chrome fires after it finishes (or much later in the load sequence, after all the important parts of the page have rendered). Chrome purposely deprioritizes timeouts during load. From a webcompat point-of-view, we're not required to run them at any particular time (witness what we do with background tabs, etc).
When they run before load, they not only can be long, but they can also start loads of more resources which end up blocking the load event (since they end up in the loadgroup). I've also toyed with making resources loaded from timeouts to be put in a separate loadgroup, so they don't block load from firing. That generally wouldn't affect the appearance of the page in most cases (except where the load event itself does), but we'd turn off the throbber earlier and metrics would show the page as loaded earlier. There's justification (if not compliant with the spec) in that the timeout could have run after the load event, and if so the resources wouldn't have blocked the load event.
I have not done anything along these lines so far; this bug is all about deferring timeouts during load, and only running them when we process the idle queue. (We'll probably run timeouts ahead of any other idle runnables, like CC, etc, but the patch doesn't do this yet).
Thanks for any feedback, or thoughts on heuristics here. (For example, we could be more aggressive at running settimeout's for 0 or not defer them at all.)
Comment on attachment 9037814 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload Review of attachment 9037814 [details] [diff] [review]: ----------------------------------------------------------------- I think the general approach of lowering the priority of setTimeout() callbacks during high priority events such as pageloads makes a lot of sense so in general I think your patch is on the right track. However I think it could improve in two possible ways: 1.. I think we really want to add a new queue to the main thread called timer queue specifically for the purpose of storing low-priority timer handlers and nothing else and dispatch the timers during page load time to that queue instead of the idle queue. Once we have that, there is no need to dispatch to that queue with a fixed timeout really, and we can get the best of both worlds, timeout handlers will have lower priority than all main event queue events during page loads and they won't be starved by the idle queue tasks. We probably want to make sure that the timer queue is always serviced in order to avoid having to deal with the issues that not doing so would cause in the layers above IMO... 2. I think it would be nice if your patch didn't tie the lowering of the priority of timeouts merely to pageloads. See this document from the Blink Scheduler docs if you haven't already < (note that it is rather old and possibly a bit out of date). Blink lowers the priority of timeouts in several cases, for example during pageload, touch events, scrolling, etc. I think we would want to also move towards a world where we can dynamically adjust the priority of timeouts as we enter various "use cases" (to borrow from Blink's scheduler vocabulary) in order to ensure that timeout handlers don't get the opportunity to jank the main thread during the times at which we expect to want to run code there. Page load seems to be the first of these class of use cases, and it seems that with just a little bit of reworking of your patch you could for example tell the TimeoutManager that it's now time to enter low-priority mode etc. rather than the page is now loading. I think that would be a more future-proof way of constructing this patch (even if the final outcome would be exactly the same functionality-wise.) Thanks a lot for doing this work, I think the positive impact of this would be something users would appreciate!
-.
Agreed, and I said something similar in comment 18. This is a starting point/WIP/proof-of-concept before doing the other corollary patches.
- I think it would be nice if your patch didn't tie the lowering of the
priority of timeouts merely to pageloads. See this document from the Blink
Scheduler docs if you haven't already
<
1wjd6L0rAN3V_U6t12eqVkq4mXDDjVaA4OuvCA/edit> (note that it is rather old and
possibly a bit out of date). Blink lowers the priority of timeouts in
several cases, for example during pageload, touch events, scrolling, etc.
Yes; I started working on this patch after investigating Blink's timer behavior (which we could see was different in profiles). Once we have this, we can look at other inputs/controls; right now we just have inputs into the TimeoutManager; it decides how to schedule. We can certainly add more inputs - or move control of that outside of TimeoutManager as you suggest; that's largely a detail of where we want the scheduling control to live.
Thanks a lot for doing this work, I think the positive impact of this would
be something users would appreciate!
:-) thanks
Comment on attachment 9037814 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload Review of attachment 9037814 [details] [diff] [review]: ----------------------------------------------------------------- This all looks reasonable to me, insofar as this is code that I'm not really responsible for. I am not super-excited about the possibility of adding more code to PrioritizedEventQueue, but I also don't see how to put some of the logic in SchedulerGroup/TabGroup/DocGroup or similar. ::: dom/base/TimeoutManager.h @@ +127,5 @@ > > TimeDuration MinSchedulingDelay() const; > > +?
I am not super-excited about the possibility of adding more code to
PrioritizedEventQueue, but I also don't see how to put some of the logic in
SchedulerGroup/TabGroup/DocGroup or similar.
Right; I think it has to live there somehow, and having a single prioritized queue and doing priority inserts doesn't seem like a great idea.
-?
Yeah, originally I had it handling both executors, but I don't want to update the budget for idleexecutor when we call MaybeSchedule. I can undo the API change to that method. Alternatively I could keep passing in the executor, and skip UpdateBudget if it's the idle queue. Or pass a boolean in and let MaybeScedule decide. Or have two MaybeSchedule methods,which imply the queue.
Personally, for now I'm just reverting the API change to MaybeSchedule.
Incorporated froyd's comments, removed unneeded event target getter
small fix
Comment on attachment 9038629 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload ># HG changeset patch ># User Randell Jesup <rjesup@jesup.org> ># Date 1548273415 18000 ># Wed Jan 23 14:56:55 2019 -0500 ># Node ID 34ff73c794b7f7cc329e1ab130e21e9674ed2586 ># Parent af55f215496f884325bbec9a5722b62c1c92c97f >Bug 1270059: WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload > >diff --git a/dom/base/Document.cpp b/dom/base/Document.cpp >--- a/dom/base/Document.cpp >+++ b/dom/base/Document.cpp >@@ -8100,24 +8100,58 @@ nsresult Document::CloneDocHelper(Docume > // State from Document > clone->mType = mType; > clone->mXMLDeclarationBits = mXMLDeclarationBits; > clone->mBaseTarget = mBaseTarget; > > return NS_OK; > } > >+static bool SetLoadingInSubDocument(Document* aDocument, void* aData) { >+ nsPIDOMWindowInner* inner = aDocument->GetInnerWindow(); >+ if (inner) { >+ inner->SetLoading(*(static_cast<bool*>(aData))); >+ } >+ return true; >+} >+ > void Document::SetReadyStateInternal(ReadyState rs) { >- mReadyState = rs; > if (rs == READYSTATE_UNINITIALIZED) { > // Transition back to uninitialized happens only to keep assertions happy > // right before readyState transitions to something else. Make this > // transition undetectable by Web content. >- return; >- } >+ mReadyState = rs; >+ return; >+ } >+ >+ // Mirror the top-level loading state down to all subdocuments >+ bool set_state = true; >+ bool new_state = false; state of what? These variable should have names stating what they are for. So, wasLoading (or was_loading) and isLoading (is_loading) ? >+ if (READYSTATE_LOADING == rs) { >+ mLoadingTimeStamp = mozilla::TimeStamp::Now(); >+ new_state = true; So, if one does document.open() we update state again. I don't think we want that. It is not really a page load. >+ } else if (READYSTATE_INTERACTIVE == rs) { >+ new_state = true; >+ } else if (mReadyState == READYSTATE_LOADING || >+ mReadyState == READYSTATE_INTERACTIVE) { >+ new_state = false; Why mReadyState == READYSTATE_LOADING causes new state to be false? >+ } else { >+ set_state = false; >+ } >+ if (IsTopLevelContentDocument()) { >+ if (set_state && StaticPrefs::dom_timeout_defer_during_load()) { >+ nsPIDOMWindowInner* inner = GetInnerWindow(); >+ if (inner) { >+ inner->SetLoading(new_state); >+ } >+ EnumerateSubDocuments(SetLoadingInSubDocument, &new_state); I don't understand how this stuff works when new iframes are added by scripts during page load. How do they get loading flag set? var ifr = document.createElement("iframe"); document.body.appendChild(ifr); ifr.contentWindow.setTimeout("run some script here"); should still be deferred when top level page loads, I think. > enum class Reason : uint8_t { > eTimeoutOrInterval, > eIdleCallbackTimeout, >+ eIdleWhileLoading, I'd prefer some a tad more descriptive name. eIdleTimeoutOrIntervalWhileLoading or something. It is long, but hints that it is about Timeout/Interval, not about the idle callbacks. > >+ // Time submitted >+ TimeStamp mSubmitTime; The comment doesn't really say what the member variable means. Want to clarify a bit. >+ nsresult rv; >+ RefPtr<TimeoutExecutor> runnable(this); You seem to use runnable only when mIsIdleQueue is true. Move inside if() {} ? >+ if (mIsIdleQueue) { >+ // We can't just Dispatch() to the Idle eventtarget, since that doesn't >+ // wrap it in an IdleRunnableWrapper I don't know what this comment means. There is no idle eventtarget. >-TimeoutExecutor::TimeoutExecutor(TimeoutManager* aOwner) >- : mOwner(aOwner), mMode(Mode::None) { > = >+ aIsIdleQueue ? mOwner->IdleEventTarget() : mOwner->EventTarget(); Is something missing from the patch. I don't see IdleEventTarget on TimeoutManager Or is some other bug adding IdleEventTarget >+ // Note: not related to IsLoading. Set to false if there's an error, etc. >+ void SetLoading(bool aIsLoading); >+ Since this is so easy to confuse with IsLoading, could we perhaps use different name. Like... AllowDeferredTimeoutHandling or some such. >diff --git a/modules/libpref/init/all.js b/modules/libpref/init/all.js >--- a/modules/libpref/init/all.js >+++ b/modules/libpref/init/all.js >@@ -1335,16 +1335,20 @@ pref("dom.timeout.foreground_budget_rege > // Maximum value (in ms) for the background budget. Only valid for > // values greater than 0. > pref("dom.timeout.foreground_throttling_max_budget", -1); > // The maximum amount a timeout can be delayed by budget throttling > pref("dom.timeout.budget_throttling_max_delay", 15000); > // Turn on budget throttling by default > pref("dom.timeout.enable_budget_timer_throttling", true); > >+// Deprioritize timeouts while loading >+pref("dom.timeout.defer_during_load", true); >+pref("dom.timeout.max_idle_defer", 10000); >+ Please using StaticPrefList, also for the max_idle_defer. It is easier and faster to use. I don't see reason to put anything to all.js We need some tests ensuring that setTimeout(,0) set during page load fires before setTimeout(,0) set during load event firing. And other similar things.
Comment on attachment 9038722 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload I think my comments for the previous patch apply here too, except the use of IdleEventTarget()
interdiffs for review changes
merged with review comments
our tests include settimeout(..., 0) ordering, and were intermittently failing. Simple fix
Comment on attachment 9038980 [details] [diff] [review] WIP patch to defer setTimeout()s in content during pageload >+++ b/dom/base/Document.cpp >@@ -1290,16 +1290,17 @@ Document::Document(const char* aContentT > #endif > mHasDelayedRefreshEvent(false), > mPendingFullscreenRequests(0), > mXMLDeclarationBits(0), > mOnloadBlockCount(0), > mAsyncOnloadBlockCount(0), > mCompatMode(eCompatibility_FullStandards), > mReadyState(ReadyState::READYSTATE_UNINITIALIZED), >+ mParentIsLoading(false), Call the variable mAncestorIsLoading >+void Document::SetParentLoading(bool aParentIsLoading) { And this could be then SetAncestorLoading > nsresult TimeoutExecutor::ScheduleImmediate(const TimeStamp& aDeadline, > const TimeStamp& aNow) { > MOZ_DIAGNOSTIC_ASSERT(mDeadline.IsNull()); > MOZ_DIAGNOSTIC_ASSERT(mMode == Mode::None); > MOZ_DIAGNOSTIC_ASSERT(aDeadline <= (aNow + mAllowedEarlyFiringTime)); > >- nsresult rv = >- mOwner->EventTarget()->Dispatch(this, nsIEventTarget::DISPATCH_NORMAL); >+ nsresult rv; >+ if (mIsIdleQueue) { >+ RefPtr<TimeoutExecutor> runnable(this); >+ MOZ_LOG(gTimeoutLog, LogLevel::Debug, ("Starting IdleDispatch runnable")); >+ rv = NS_IdleDispatchToCurrentThread(runnable.forget(), mMaxIdleDeferMS, >+ EventQueuePriority::DeferredTimers); I guess the exact syntax here will depend on the DeferredTimers patch, but the change will be trivial. > if (!mTimer) { >- mTimer = NS_NewTimer(mOwner->EventTarget()); >+ mTimer = NS_NewTimer(mEventTarget); This looks like unneeded change. We can just keep using mOwner->EventTarget(). No need to add mEventTarget member variable > = mOwner->EventTarget(); So this mEventTarget is useless >+void TimeoutManager::SetLoading(bool value) { >+ // When moving from loading to non-loading, we may need to >+ // reschedule any existing timeouts from the idle timeout queue >+ // to the normal queue. >+ MOZ_LOG(gTimeoutLog, LogLevel::Debug, ("%p: SetLoading(%d)", this, value)); >+ if (mIsLoading && !value) { >+ MoveIdleToActive(); >+ } >+ // We don't move existing timeouts to the idle queue if we move to >+ // loading (XXX if that ever happens?). Ok, so this comments hints about the model I was expecting, that timeouts go to idle queue during load. But apparently they go to idle queue only if timer fires during load. Please clarify the comment here. >+ // MOZ_RELEASE_ASSERT(timeout->When() <= (TimeStamp::Now())); >+ mIdleTimeouts.InsertBack(timeout); >+ int num = 0; >+ for (Timeout* t = mIdleTimeouts.GetFirst(); t != nullptr; >+ t = t->getNext()) { >+ num++; >+ } We don't want to itarate through idle timouts always, even when logging isn't enabled. And don't use int, but uint32_t or so. >diff --git a/modules/libpref/init/StaticPrefList.h b/modules/libpref/init/StaticPrefList.h ... >+ >+// Maximum deferral time for setTimeout/Interval ... in seconds Minor things, but I'd like to take a quick look still, since this isn't too simple stuff. I'd really like to see some test. Something which tests both the pref on and off how timers work during/around page load. Something which has timers also in iframes. We need such for tracking possible regressions in the future etc.
* * * Bug 1270059: interdiffs for review comment changes * * * Bug 1270059: Fix timeout ordering when releasing timeouts on Load r=smaug * * * Bug 1270059: review response interdiffs
Nothing should ever be in the mIdleTimeouts list if it wasn't going to fire immediately at the point where we move it from mTimeouts. Should resolve the wpt test oranges
I'll take an r+ from anyone on the talos team; I want to land this today or this weekend
Green try apparently (some tests still running):
And talos with --rebuild 5:
tweaked max extra delay to 5s; only delays if the hero element is late showing up (which appears to only be on tp6-google). Green on try (see above)
Comment on attachment 9039306 [details] [diff] [review] fix talos to handle hero elements that are gated on timeouts Review of attachment 9039306 [details] [diff] [review]: ----------------------------------------------------------------- This makes sense and looks good to me. I’m still not very familiar with this code, so I’ll leave the other review requests open in case you prefer to wait for them before landing.
Comment on attachment 9039306 [details] [diff] [review] fix talos to handle hero elements that are gated on timeouts Review of attachment 9039306 [details] [diff] [review]: ----------------------------------------------------------------- any thoughts on making similar changes to raptor?
Pushed by rjesup@wgate.com: Defer setTimeout/Intervals()s in content during pageload r=smaug fix talos to handle hero elements that are gated on timeouts r=davehunt,jmaher
Pushed by rjesup@wgate.com: ESLint fix r=bustage
jmaher - I'm still getting intermittent oranges on Talos TP6 in
It was green on my trys. See:
Thoughts? Just increase the time we wait for the Hero? (perhaps it's another item, not the hero, which wasn't done by load time?) Runs fine locally now.
Pushed by rjesup@wgate.com: Disable test_ext_async_clipboard.html on android only r=nika
Randell, fyi
Coverity thinks that a part of the code could be simplified
dead_error_condition: The condition aProcessIdle must be true.
as we do
if (aProcessIdle) { a few lines above:
Thanks, I'll add it to some of my cleanup (likely I'll remove the outer if() and add markers for all setTimeouts)
as discussed on irc- this is only affecting tp6 stylo-threads=1 which is a test we are not planning to run long term on talos, so disabling the test is fine (in this case tp6-google)
Comment on attachment 9039306 [details] [diff] [review] fix talos to handle hero elements that are gated on timeouts We are planning to turn off Talos tp6 tests completely in favour of Raptor (there is only one remaining Talos tp6 job in production - stylo threads - see Bug 1504251). :jesup, is this hero element change something that you are planning to make in Raptor also?
please create a separate bug for that :)
:jesup, is this hero element change something that you are planning to make
in Raptor also?
Only if we see oranges from it missing the hero; given how raptor works (and that it measures ttfi, which requires more time) I doubt it will.
Posted site compatibility note: (Thanks for the heads-up, Ehsan!)
Can you suggest a release note? Is there going to be any sort of blog post describing this that we can link to?
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https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1270059
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CC-MAIN-2022-21
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import all of the how-to articles from the pkgsrc.se wiki
If you have ATX hardware, for various reasons, you might want your box to poweroff by itself when you shut it down. To achieve this you have to enable [apm(8)]() in the kernel. Here's how to do it: **Contents** [[!toc]] # Obtaining the Sources If you are running 3.0, you can get the Sources from the NetBSD FTP Server or from a [Mirror](Get BSD) close to you. If you are running current, you should check out the Sources from a CVS Mirror close to you. # cd / # ftp # tar -zxf syssrc.tgz # Configure the kernel Edit the file `/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/conf` and uncomment _apm_ to enable APM, it should look like: apm0 at mainbus0 # Advanced power management Alternatetively, you might want to customize (uncomment) these options: # Tuning for power management, see apm(4) for more details. #options APM_NO_IDLE # Don't call BIOS CPU idle function #options APM_V10_ONLY # Use only the APM 1.0 calls #options APM_NO_POWEROFF # Don't power off on halt(8) #options APM_POWER_PRINT # Print stats on the console #options APM_DISABLE_INTERRUPTS=0 # Don't disable interrupts # Build the kernel # config GENERIC_APM # cd ../compile/GENERIC_APM # make depend; make If everything went OK, your new APM-enabled-kernel should be located in ./netbsd # Install the kernel # mv /netbsd /netbsd.old # cp netbsd / # shutdown -r now Now when you shutdown the box it should poweroff by itself, without the need for the power button to be pressed. # Troubleshooting If something went wrong, test with [apm(8)](). Sample output: root@antfarm:~# apm Battery charge state: absent Battery remaining: 0 percent (0 minutes) A/C adapter state: connected Power management enabled ## apmd You will need the apm Daemon _apmd_ running for setting your Notebook fall into sleep. For that please add: apmd=yes to your /etc/rc.conf Also see [apmd(8)]() for more power management issues.
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https://wiki.netbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/wikisrc/tutorials/how_to_poweroff_at_shutdown.mdwn?rev=1.1;content-type=text%2Fx-cvsweb-markup
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Import files by dragging
Import files with Lingo or JavaScript syntax
About import file formats
About linking to files
Importing lets you create cast members from external media.
You can either import data into a Director movie file or create
a link to the external file and re-import the file each time the
movie opens. Linked files let you display dynamic media from the
Internet, such as sports scores, sounds, and weather pictures. Linking
makes downloading movies faster. For more information about linked files,
see About linking to files.
Director can import cast members from almost every popular media
file format. See About import file formats.
You can import files by using the Import dialog box, by dragging
files from the desktop to a Cast window, or by using Lingo or JavaScript
syntax.
In Thumbnail view, select an empty position in a cast.
If
no cast position is selected, Director places the new cast member
in the first available position in the current cast in Thumbnail
view. In List view, Director places the new cast member at the end
of the list.
Select File > Import.
Do one of the following:
To import a file from
the Internet, click Internet and enter a URL in the Find URL text
box.
To import local files, select the type of media to import
from the Files of Type (Windows) or the Show (Mac) menu.
To select files to import, do one of the following:
Double-click a file.
Select one or more files, and click Add.
Click Add All.
You can switch folders and
import files from different folders at the same time.
From the Media menu at the bottom of the dialog box, specify
how to treat imported media:
When this
option is selected, Director keeps a copy of the original cast member
data and sends the original to the external editor when you edit
the cast member. This option preserves all the editor’s capabilities.
For example, if you specify Photoshop to edit PICT images, Director
maintains all the Photoshop object data. For more information, see Launching external editors.
When you finish selecting the files, click Import.
If
you’ve imported a bitmap with a color depth or color palette that
differs from the current movie, the Image Options dialog box appears
for entering additional information. See Choosing import image options.
In the Explorer (Windows) or on the system desktop
(Mac), select files to import.
Drag the files from the desktop to the desired position in
the Cast window Thumbnail view or to the Cast window List view.
If
you drag the files to List view, the imported files are added at
the bottom of the list.
Use the importFileInto method
to import a file. Set the fileName Cast Member
property to assign a new file to a linked cast member. For more
information about this property, see the Scripting Reference topics
in the Director Help Panel.
Director can import files in all the formats
listed in the following table. For information about additional
file formats Director might support, see the Director Support Center
website at.
German:
Japanese:
Type of file
Supported formats
Animation and multimedia
Flash movies, animated GIF, PowerPoint® presentations, Director movies, Director
external cast files
Image
BMP, GIF, JPEG, LRG (xRes), Photoshop 3.0
(or later), MacPaint, PNG, TIFF, PICT, Targa
Multiple-image file
Windows only: FLC, FLI
Mac only: PICS,
Scrapbook
Sound
AIFF, WAV, MP3 audio, Shockwave Audio, Sun™ AU, uncompressed and IMA compressed
Digital Video
DVD, Windows Media (WMV), QuickTime, AVI,
RealMedia®
Text
RTF, HTML, ASCII (often called Text Only),
Lingo, or JavaScript syntax
Palette
PAL, Photoshop®
CLUT
When Link To External File
is selected in the Import dialog box, Director re-imports media
every time a movie runs. (To open the Import dialog box, select File
> Import). Linking makes it easy to use bulky media such as long
sounds and is especially useful for showing media that changes frequently
from the Internet. Linking also makes downloading movies faster
because users can choose to view linked files, so the files do not
download unless they’re needed.
When you
link to an external file, Director creates a cast member that stores
the name and location of the file. Saving a movie saves only the
link to the linked cast member. Keep linked files in a folder that’s
close to the original movie file. Paths are restricted to 4096 characters
by the system. URLs can be as many as 260 characters. If you store
a file that is too many folders away from the movie or you use a
very long URL, it might not link correctly.
When distributing movies with linked media, use the following
guidelines:
If you distribute a movie, you also must include all
linked cast member files, and they must be in their expected locations.The
Copy Linked And Dependent Files option in the Publish Settings dialog
box ensures that the linked media are automatically placed in the
relative location during publishing. If you have disabled the Copy
Linked And Dependent Files option, copy the linked files to the
same folder as the projector or in a folder inside the Projector
folder. The behavior is the same as in Director MX 2004 if this
option is disabled. In addition, the Xtra extensions that are used
to import the media must be present when the movie runs (either
on the user’s computer or included in your movie). For more information,
see Setting Xtra cast member properties.
When you link to media on the Internet, the media must be
present at the specified URL when the movie runs. Provide for link
failure because you can’t guarantee that an Internet transaction
will be successful.
To
retrieve media from the Internet during playback, Director requires
that the projector include certain Xtra extensions. To include these
Xtra extensions automatically, click Add Network in the Movie Xtras
dialog box. Movies playing in web browsers do not require these
Xtra extensions.
About importing bitmaps
Importing internal and linked sounds
Using Director movies within Director movies
Importing text
Using animated GIFs
Using Flash Content
Importing Windows Media
Using DVD media content in Director
Using Flash components
Twitter™ and Facebook posts are not covered under the terms of Creative Commons.
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https://help.adobe.com/en_US/Director/11.5/UsingScripting/WScf09ce35f85d76b4-4fdb6b3c11d55855946-7ffa.html
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