Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
How and When did we "discover" the nutritional value of food?	[ "Just to provide a little encouragement, this is definitely answerable! The Greeks, Romans, Middle Ages Christians, and Hindus all definitely wrote down or alluded to their understandings of food's necessity and the operation of the body. I would even be willing to bet we can glean some understanding of earlier vie...	[ "I recommend reading 'At Home' by Bill Bryson. He goes through this in detail. From what I recall, houses used to be just one big room, animals, people, servants all in the one place. Over the centuries, people got bette at building walls, so they built these buildings higher - this showed your wealth and was much ...
What Austrian economics is, and how it is different from the Keynesian system we have now.	[ "I'm not sure if links without commentary are acceptable here, but if you're a male, I think you will appreciate learning about praxeology (related to Austrian economics) from [praxgirl](_URL_2_)." ]	[ "A big one is, well, most of the bible. Was there a united monarchy? If so, what did it look like? Is there something behind the Exodus narrative, or is it a myth to give the Israelites a history separate from the other Canaanite groups?" ]
Could a human survive a fall from space to earth?	[ "Indeed, it has been done many times. The suits are known as shuttles. It's theoretically possible to do it with a more compact suit, but I doubt we're there technologically yet." ]	[ "Work is being done on getting spinal nerves to regrow and attach. So far its still in the rat testing stage but they are having good results. Also, there have been experiments with jumping the gap with electronics technology that are also showing promise. Turns out, if your can transmit the signals reliably across...
Why smuggling drugs is hard? Aren't there numerous things to put drugs in that can't be x-rayed, sniffed, or searched? How about a barrel of oil?	[ "The difficulty doesn't come from a one-time trip across a border. It comes with making numerous multiple trips across a border. As for a barrel of oil, how many normal people buy a barrel of oil? It's something unusual that would warrant an extra look by customs agents." ]	[ "It's way, way, WAY, too expensive. The power plant alone would probably be more expensive than the entire lifetime cost of an average bulk carrier. Not to mention the insane mess of regulation that is involved with running a nuclear reactor. Basically, big ships run on bunker fuel, and bunker fuel is ludicrously...
Why do we have a delay of pain when we get hurt?	[ "There's actually some difference between different components of the pain signal. Part of the pain signal is carried by neurons that are myelinated, and which therefore conduct information very quickly to the brain. These neurons mostly send information to parts of the brain that are involved in detecting the loca...	[ "Fast internet and faster servers. Human reaction times are on the order of 100ms or so. Ping time, which is round-trip packet flight time is often on the order of half that or so. Round trip is therefore on the order of human reaction if you give the server a little time to do stuff. Also, the server only sends b...
Polycount in Game Design	[ "3D models are made up of a framework of shapes (often triangles or rectangles) that fit together, because straight lines are easier for a computer to deal with than curves. These shapes are called polygons. For example, if you wanted a 3D model of a box, you would build it out of 6 polygons: the top, the bottom, &...	[ "These days rendering is pretty much real-time for those, so it's not an issue. It is complicated, but a modern software is so advanced, that is doesn't have a problem to track 1 ball and 25 (including referees) people on the field." ]
what are the arguments for and against the legalisation of all drugs?	[ "You significantly reduce organized crime by denying them one of their biggest sources of income. You increase your revenue from the taxation of drug sales. You decrease police/judicial spending or at least allow them to shift their budget and time to other matters. You make the drug use safer by being able to regu...	[ "This CGP Grey video does a really good job of explaining it all. _URL_3_" ]
Why is DDR5 memory only used in graphics card and not in systems?	[ "Because GDDR5 is better suited to graphics cards than being system memory. It's based on DDR3 RAM which you're probably using in your computer right now. Edit: I'll just repeat this, GDDR5 isn't the same thing as DDR5 RAM. DDR4 has only been a thing for the past year ish, so DDR5 is a wee way off. GDDR5 from your ...	[ "I thought it was explained pretty well by this old tek syndicate video _URL_1_ Definitely worth a watch!" ]
Do other species of animals follow a specific sleep schedule or, like humans, do they choose when to go to sleep?	[ "I'm not the most qualified to answer this question but for parrots specifically they fall asleep when it gets dark simply because they cannot see well in low light. Their eyes can see best in sunlight, so lightbulbs with UVA and UVB rays allow them to see the clearest. When it gets dark they can't see and some spe...	[ "If i recall correctly, plants actually convert ~5% of incoming light to energy via photosynthesis. In addition to this, solar radiation is a pretty diffuse source of energy (one of several issues with solar panel technology, large areas are needed for any significant energy to be gathered). These two factors (poo...
What is the Internet situation on the ISS? Does it work any differently to Internet on earth?	[ "You just don't want to bother with astronaut school if you can't reddit, huh? :P Pretty sure the ISS connects to the Internet via proxy through a connection on Earth via the agencies they work with. There's no reason for them to have a direct connection to the Internet, but there's definitely a way for them to get...	[ "Step 1: Use a VM Step 2: Learn how to spoof your MAC address, change it before each instance of internet use Step 3: Find public open wifi (different locations and different times for each instance of internet use) Step 4: Use TOR (optional step of using proxies in addition to TOR) Step 5: Use private / incognito ...
How did humans make soap without lye?	[ "Typical, just after posting this I found out that one can easily make lye at home from ashes: _URL_0_ Anyhow, I guess we didn't know about lye all the time and soap has been around for ages, so the question still stands :)" ]	[ "If you're new to the thread, please don't post the Mythbusters episode again. Mythbusters is entertaining but it's not history (or more specifically, it's not historical proof of anything.) The short answer is no, not that we know of. /u/davidaop, our pirate expert, and I have both answered [questions about th...
How easy was avoiding taxes in medieval times?	[ "I would also like to hear about the potential punishments for tax evasion as well." ]	[ "If you're new to the thread, please don't post the Mythbusters episode again. Mythbusters is entertaining but it's not history (or more specifically, it's not historical proof of anything.) The short answer is no, not that we know of. /u/davidaop, our pirate expert, and I have both answered [questions about th...
the flaws in the US Electoral College and the voting system	[ "Flaws is a loaded question. The Electoral College is designed to protect the interests of smaller states from the interests of bigger states. Over time, all states have moved to popular voting for President. But this is confusing, because the voter isn't voting for a candidate, but actually a slate of electors to ...	[ "Not sure if it's quite correct to post links, but here is a summary of criticism by Prof. George Landow: _URL_1_" ]
what does encryption actually entail when it comes to internet traffic?	[ "Alice wants to send a message to Bob. They are very far away. So, she writes a letter and gives it to Chris, who is a very nosy individual. Chris steams the envelope open, reads the letter, and then reseals it and hands it to Bob. If you are Alice and Bob, you probably don't want Chris to do that. So you develop a...	[ "[This video explains quite well how it works online, specifically Youtube](_URL_0_) TL;DW: Youtube only sends information about changes between frames of a video. Since there is usually very little difference between 2 frames the server can just say \"ehhh take what you had last time, shift this part a tiny bit th...
why most cartoons have only 4 fingers?	[ "Its just annoying to do 5 in a cartoon style without making the hand look odd, typically the hand will look overcrowded, or just plain weird." ]	[ "400 Rabbits must be a Mesoamerican name of some kind, what's the story there?" ]
Why we don't use kilo-seconds, kilohours, gigaseconds ?	[ "Because our system of time operates in a base 60 mathematical system, while the metric prefixes (kilo, giga, mega etc) operate in a base 10 mathematical system. Using your kilo-seconds example, the kilo metric prefix denotes 10^3, thus a kilo-second would denote 10^3 seconds, or 1000 seconds. This is pretty useles...	[ "I gona mention 2 potentially viable arguments but that are quite a few 1: It takes technology to make technology. Its like an exponential growth that has taken a long time to build up. A modern example would be for our modern computers to work we had to figure out analog transistors and before that we had have to...
Why is Norway not part of the European Union?	[ "They have a lot of oil money, so they don't need the financial support some need from the EU, and they don't want to surrender control over fishing and game hunting regulations, apparently." ]	[ "Costs money to build and maintain the facilities, some countries don't feel like taking on the burden of that cost." ]
Why do popups still come up when you have a popup blocker?	[ "The makers of adblocking software often graciously accept big piles of money from advertisers to let certain ads through. [No, really](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "That's a Google ReCAPTCHA. The checkbox is actually a small program that is watching how you use the webpage - what browser version you're on, what plugins you have, the order you fill out the information boxes, and how you move the mouse. Then, the program uses that information to make an educated guess on whethe...
What is Congress exactly?	[ "Congress = Parliament Senate = House of Lords House = House of Commons" ]	[ "Thank you for your submission! Unfortunately, your submission has been removed for the following reason(s): You can find the basic answer with a google / wiki search. Please start there and come back with a more specific question. If you disagree with this decision, please send a [message to the moderators.](_URL...
How is the HCl in a digestive system made?	[ "A system of ion transporter molecules in the membranes of the cells lining the stomach work in coordination to bring about the secretion of HCl. This [diagram](_URL_0_) should be useful to explain the mechanism but I can add more detail if you want." ]	[ "it's marginally worse. your body has to spend other resources like calcium to fight he acidity." ]
How are knives and other sharp objects dulled by weak, soft materials like paper, etc	[ "Paper is actually not weak. It is very strong for how thin it is. Think about tin foil. Similar thinness but much easier to break and bend and tear, and that's metal!" ]	[ "I don't know if this was ever the practice in Christian societies, but in both Jewish and Islamic cultures of the Middle Ages, there was a practice of \"refreshing\" the text of a sacred book by carefully, one letter at a time, scraping away the faded text, and instantly writing in a new letter in the identical fo...
Can someone explain the cause of these "out of nowhere" sparks??? Not my video, but youtubers leave more to be desired in their poor answers	[ "Particles of combustible material floating in the air of the stove are igniting when they hit the higher-oxygen air in the room. They don't burn in the stove because you have the intake vents and flue closed, forming an oxygen-poor \"reducing\" atmosphere. BTW, in this configuration your stove is basically a carbo...	[ "Get a magnet, a battery, and some wire. Put the magnet near the wire, then connect both ends of the wire to the ends of the battery. The wire should jump or move. This is because a current generates a magnetic field. If you coil the wire up, you multiply the magnetic field from the wire. You can put this coiled up...
What really happens during Deja Vu and why does it really feel like it has happened before?	[ "Vsauce did a great video on this you should [check it out.] ( _URL_0_)" ]	[ "I think we develop a \"been there, done that\" mentality in ways. I can not watch cartoons now. No matter what the topic. The irony is I just can't pay attention to cartoons." ]
Have all colours been discovered ?	[ "Because light is an analogue wave technically there are an infinite number of degrees between each hertz so there are an “infinite” number of colors. However our eyes are not sensitive enough to distinguish between them all. The issue is that the amount of colors there are to humans is limited by the degrees of ch...	[ "It really depends on what you mean by \"see.\" If you mean see with the unaided eye, then no we cannot. If you mean unambiguously detect and visualize, then we can. _URL_0_" ]
If before lighting a candle you're supposed to trim the wick down, why do the candle companies not just produce the wicks at the right length?	[ "Generally speaking you keep the wick longer to ensure that you have a wick - a lot of times in candle making you're not pinpointing where the wick will start/end, but you are building the candle on top of the rope/wick in layers." ]	[ "Because books were very expensive in the 18th and 19th centuries and the price of a book was out of the budget for the vast majority of people. Lending libraries existed, but you had to pay for them, too, and many could not afford it. Newspapers were inexpensive enough, and the print small enough, that more people...
Why are American comics so much more focused on superheroes than European ones?	[ "The issue here is that you're drastically oversimplifying American comics and lumping them all together into the same category \"superhero comics\". Many of the absolute most popular comics and characters are ordinary people dealing with ordinary problems. Think of Archie, Garfield (a cat, but still), Charlie Brow...	[ "1. The East was settled first, most people chose to \"stay\" there. 2. West of that \"split\" is much less hospitable (geographically speaking). Lots of high plains, deserts, mountains, canyons, etc. The weather here can be very extreme. Compare this to the flatter, greener, less tornado-prone eastern half of the ...
Why is subtraction so much more difficult than addition?	[ "Psychologically, we are \"programmed\" to accumulate rather than divest. As such, we start with accumulating and then learn to take away. Algorithmically, i.e., arithmetically, there is no difference." ]	[ "Its just annoying to do 5 in a cartoon style without making the hand look odd, typically the hand will look overcrowded, or just plain weird." ]
How does Publix (a grocery chain in the SE United States) make a profit when they offer so many buy one-get one (BOGO) deals?	[ "The store doesn't fund those sales - the manufacturer does. The manufacturer then uses this marketing expense as a tax write-off. Source: used to work in the industry." ]	[ "The secret parts of the recipe are the methods of preparation, and the amounts of each individual ingredient. All they have to declare for USDA regulations are the relative amounts of each ingredient, and certain things (\"natural flavors\") don't have to be directly specified. As far as keeping it secret inside t...
If you visited a random star, how could you quickly determine if there are planets orbiting it?	[ "With today's science, you would have to photograph the system, while filtering out the star. Repeat every few hours, comparing photographs. Anything that moved is likely a planet. Add 200 years to technology and your computer would automatically filter out all known background stars... Leaving planets." ]	[ "You can't. It's called confirmation bias, where you pay more attention to those instances that confirm your belief than those that don't. Times when you've thought someone was staring and nobody was are not of interest, so disconfirming evidence is weighted less in your mind. It's a very well understood cognitive ...
What causes the phenomenon that makes parents occasionally unable to call the kid by the correct name and they have to go through a list of all their kids' names to get to the right one?	[ "This sounds like an extreme example of \"Tip of my Tongue\". _URL_0_ I can't really give an overly scientific answer as to what causes it (some interesting articles on that page, though), but I'd imagine that it's just a \"brain fart\", kinda like deja vu. It's a problem with long-term semantic memory recall. (Se...	[ "I've read that what seem to be long periods of sleep, like sleeping all night, are actually multiple shorter sleeps with brief intervals of being awake. But when you are only briefly awake, it fails to register in your long-term memory, so when you wake up in the morning, the last thing you can remember is some ti...
How do city states like Monaco and Singapore dispose of waste?	[ "Alot of these smaller countries or Island Chains in the Pacific either outsource their trash pick up or have incendiary Stations where all non -toxic trash is burned. Don't forget about recycling either!" ]	[ "Because there are no laws that govern the entirety of the internet. There are laws in countries that limit what the people living inside of its borders can do with the internet, but those laws dont apply if you arent in that country. All pirate bay has to do to stay operational is to find a country that doesn't ca...
What is being written on my boarding pass right before I get in the security line?	[ "Security personnel are circling important information to verify that it is accurate (date, name, gate) and showing that it was checked. Many are further required to initial the boarding pass to show that it was checked and that they are doing their job. It is clearly becoming less important since many people have...	[ "While this could lead to a small optimization in loading times, its not really too significant, because they can simply load planes earlier and account for most of it. What the airlines really care about is what all business do: Money. Airlines know not guess, Know that letting privileged and higher-value cust...
Does the symbol for infinity have an origin?	[ "It was invented by John Wallis in 1655. [Source](_URL_0_)" ]	[ "Not a historian, just someone who likes to lurk and learn new things, but I can maybe point you to a few similar questions I’ve seen about kids and their obsessions while you wait to hear from an expert. [This post](_URL_2_) has an ancient Roman source from u/rkiga that mentions a toddler obsessed with birds. Furt...
[META] Can we make a tab or force OP's to write "This is the answer" when a question has been answered?	[ "Example of where upvotes didn't do the trick?" ]	[ "You have people that are brand new to reddit. Sometimes they don't know the stigma to reposts. Then there are the ones that don't know how to search, nor care about posting a repost. Seldom, its good to repost after time to get fresh comments/ideas. I would be open to the idea of not allowing a duplicate within a ...
Why we only see one face of the moon	[ "It's actually very common for a moon to show only one face to its planet, thanks to [tidal locking](_URL_0_). The force of gravity causes the moon to bulge slightly on the axis pointing at its planet. Over time, this changes the speed of rotation so that the bulge remains in the same place on the moon, with the en...	[ "it does, we call the other side the international dateline." ]
Even with their increased speed, how do planes get places so much faster when their altitude means they have so much more distance to travel?	[ "Their altitude typically adds less than 1% to the distance they have to travel. By contrast, they are about 700% as fast as a car on a freeway. And they can fly pretty straight, while a car must follow the road." ]	[ "These answers are \"good\", but are leaving out the simple fact of weight transfer through the cable to the towers. The more acute the angle of the cable to the tower is, the less strain is put on the tower and better weight transfer is accomplished. See the \"tightrope\" example in here for an idea of what I'm ta...
How does my phone choose what songs to play during shuffle? I find it’s consistently either all songs I don’t like and usually skip, or all my favourite songs in two genres, or is it genuinely random and I’m interpreting too much?	[ "It's about as random as it can get. We as humans are just really good at recognising and forming patterns" ]	[ "Radiation is random. We can measure the radioactivity of a radioactive source and determine its half-life, but according to the laws of quantum physics it is impossible to predict when any particular atom will decay and produce radiation. True randomness does not exist in classic physics, i.e. Newton's Laws. But ...
What exactly do they mean when they say an album has a good production? What are the technicalities that they look for?	[ "You have many instruments and sounds recorded and your job as a producer is to put them all together nicely. I. E. Make sure that all instruments/voices can be heard, nothing is too loud or not loud enough. Sounds from one instrument don't get over sounds from the others. There are no unwanted noises, etc." ]	[ "Every up and down column is a different channel. Each channel is a different input consisting of either instruments, vocals, and any other audio inputs. As the electric signals, that the sound is converted into via microphones, pass through a channel, each knob effects the shape of the sound. The top knob is the G...
Is eating your daily caloric intake in one meal the same on your body as the normal 3 meals to do the same?	[ "It definitely is not the same. There is a limit to how many nutrients your GI tract can absorb in a pass. So if you eat a very large meal lets say about 15000 kJ in one sitting, you might not absorb nutrients as effectively as when you space this out over 3-4 meals." ]	[ "Couple things to consider. First, when you get tried in court, prosecutors will try to get you convicted for every crime you committed, not just the biggest one. So you may be on trial for murder, but also assault, battery, kidnapping, brandishing a weapon, etc... You may be found guilty for any number of them, a...
Internal combustion engine was invented a couple centuries ago. Why haven't we come up with something better by now?	[ "It's primarily due to the fact that internal combustion engines have a relatively high power to weight ratio. You COULD use a nuclear reactor to power your car, but the weight of the required plant to get you anywhere in a timely fashion would be horribly large. And, when you add up all of the losses due to effic...	[ "Simply put, it is the most effective at what it does. This is sort of like how we use (potentially) deadly poison's for anesthesia. There are other potential options (botox for cosmetic surgery is basically a paralyzing agent), but none last as long and work as efficiently, so we don't use them. With anesthesia t...
There are quite significant differences amongst countries regarding income and overall cost of living, even within Europe. What does prevent people from working a short period of time in high income countries and living in low living cost countries for the rest of the time?	[ "This kind of thing does happen, but there are all sorts of problems with it. The first is actually getting to a different country. The cost of relocating can be prohibitive for lots of people. The second is actually getting permission to live and work within a country. Visa law varries from country to country, bu...	[ "You'd still pay taxes in/to Canada. It depends how long you're working outside of Canada and determination of your factual residency. But for a few weeks or months, no, pay taxes as normal to Canada. If in doubt the lovely people at Canada Revenue's help line can sort you out. _URL_0_" ]
Why are concrete traffic barriers between opposite traffic lanes just high enough to let all headlights shine into the other side?	[ "They only need to be high enough to prevent vehicles from crossing into oncoming traffic in the event of a collision. Any taller is a waste of material and increases cost." ]	[ "_URL_0_ Reportedly cows tend to feed more around sundown when the nutritional content of plants is higher. > “A series of USDA studies looked at animals’ ability to choose different forages. The researchers cut hay in the morning and in the evening and used this in the choice tests. They’ve done it with cattle, g...
Do quarks actually have a charge of +2/3 and -1/3, or is that just convenient notation to explain the end result of their combined charges?	[ "These are the charges of the quarks. We can measure the charges of the quarks via [deep inelastic scattering](_URL_0_). In very high energy collisions, you can probe the internal structure of nucleons, and see that scattering is taking place off objects with charge +2/3 and -1/3. Furthermore, because of a technica...	[ "It won't work. It just...doesn't work. You can't use entangled states to send a message. Quantum entanglement doesn't mean that actions performed on one state will spontaneously appear in the matching entangled state. All it means is that the two states were rendered so as to have a certain collective property, an...
What happens to your muscles after a workout? How do you "get" stronger?	[ "Your muscles are made up of very small fibres. Connected together. When you exercise you break these fibres and then they regrow bigger better and stronger. Hence you yourself get stronger." ]	[ "Imagine your hard drive as a giant wall, like the Great Wall of China. Now imagine that your files are painted on this wall (Images, text, music notes). When you delete a file, your computer finds the spot on the wall where that file was painted, and marks that section of the wall as \"free\". It doesn't scrub o...
Given that ships displace water, wouldn't the number of ships on the ocean theoretically raise water levels worldwide?	[ "They do change the water level, but by minute amounts - According to Wikipedia, a Destroyer might displace [7200 tons of water](_URL_4_). Wolfram\|Alpha says that the volume of the [Earth's water is 1.468×10^18 tons.](_URL_3_) You'd need a lot of ships." ]	[ "I'm not sure but I think it's the following: Most materials don't have smooth surfaces and reflect light to your eyes coming from all directions. Light beams coming from a certain direction also get reflected in random directions on rough surfaces. When you drain it in water, there is probably a (thin) layer of wa...
Are there any good documentaries or books about the Yugoslav Wars?	[ "ESPN's 30 for 30 series has a great one called Once Brothers you might be interested in. It centers around 2 NBA players who were best friends but had a falling out over the conflict." ]	[ "I recommend [Fred M. Donner's](_URL_0_)Muhammad and the Believers. It's a nice breakdown of the early spread of Islam with reasonable and succinct analysis of a period wrought with issues in sound primary source material." ]
That weird "out of body" feeling	[ "You might be referring to something called disassociation. It's quite common and can range anywhere from day dreaming to total amnesia. On the more severe side, it's usually caused by some sort of stress or trauma and is a coping mechanism by the brain." ]	[ "You are most likely referring to [Bicameralism](_URL_1_), first postulated and popularized by [Julian Jaynes](_URL_0_). There are a lot of problems with this theory, but for me the main one is how western-centric it is. Jaynes proposes that around 1000BCE (the time of The Iliad and the Old Testament) people consid...
Why do a lot of people cringe at the same sounds? Like fingernails running down on a blackboard	[ "IIRC, the theory is that certain sounds like nails on chalkboard or the fork on plate thing, is that the shape of our ear canals amplify the frequency of sounds in this range, making them physically painful to listen to. The other theory, and the one I like, is that these sounds are very similar to certain primate...	[ "Have you ever gone to open a file on your desktop? Open up a file in your hard drive? All of those require double clicks. And now that I said that, I think you might be referring to then constantly clicking something after the first double click. My suggestion? They're just old and don't realize they already click...
Modulo and how it works.	[ "Because it's always 0 with a remainder of 2." ]	[ "The modems are testing each other to make sure they are data modems, exchange capabilities, and test the line for the best connection." ]
Why do schools talk about black history month but not Asian history month?	[ "1) Asian history month is May. Many schools if not most let out for summer in mid May so the week or two that they are in school during that month they are focused on review for the finals not adding new material. 2) Modern Asian history is taught in modern history fairy thoroughly already. This is due to the amo...	[ "Horse meat isn't rare at all. You can get it in many parts of europe. Tastes ok too. Anyway, that's culture. The same reason we think that bacon and eggs is a breakfast food, and don't eat grasshoppers." ]
Why do SNES games look so much better on old box TVs than on new flat screen ones?	[ "Take a picture, any picture. Now zoom in. Zoom in more. Keep going. Eventually you'll get to the point where you can see the individual pixels and the image stops looking good. That's exactly what's happening here. SNES games were designed for small screens with a small number of pixels. If you put that same game...	[ "I'm not 100% knowledgeable on the matter, but I believe it has to do with your brain trying to adjust to the sensation so that it becomes normal too you. When you're back on the land after hours, your brain is still in that mode so when you're still or laying in bed you can really feel it. I believe it's part of g...
Why my cheerios work like magnets when I'm down to the last few in the bowl?	[ "Any wave that you make with your spoon will push the Cheerio away, but any Cheerio directly behind it won't be affected as much by the wave, because some of the energy has already been spent. The same happens when the wave is reflected off the edge of your bowl. Because of this the Cheerios will always be pushed t...	[ "[This](_URL_0_) previous thread explains it as [entrainment](_URL_2_). When changing the diameter of your lips, the airflow is subject to the [Bernoulli effect](_URL_1_) where it speeds up. When the air moves faster, it draws in more surrounding air which is cooler than your body temperature, thus making it feel c...
How do astronomers tell the difference between a cooler, red star blue shifting towards us, and a hotter blue star red shifted away?	[ "The doppler-shift is measured using spectral lines. Certain spectral lines show up in certain positions that are well known. Doppler-shifting shifts the position of the spectral lines. So by comparing the distance between the measured position of the spectral line and the position where it would be without the dop...	[ "Laser pointers are also subject to diffraction. The most highly collimated lasers in the world are called \"diffraction limited.\" In other words, their beam divergence is almost solely dependent on the diffraction at the exit aperture. A typical red laser pointer is actually very divergent straight out of the di...
Ancient navigation and maps and the concept of North	[ "hi! you'll find a few comments on map orientation in this FAQ section * [Why is north shown as \"up\" on maps?](_URL_0_) and this recent post has a comment on the cardinal directions in general, plus links to several more related posts. The quick tl;dr is that the directions we currently use are relative to the su...	[ "If you're interested in working on Early Medieval Scandinavia, your best bet may be to get into archaeology. Due to the immense pop-history fetishisation of the Vikings, Norse Pagan mythology as a field has been largely picked clean, but the lives of actual early medieval Norwegians, Danes and Swedes still has muc...
How was the first wave of Muslim expansion able to so easily push back the Byzantines?	[ "I wrote a fairly long answer to this [here](_URL_0_). It doesn't cover everything, so let me know if you have any questions!" ]	[ "It follows the same principle as my dog working his way between me and my wife sleeping in bed." ]
Did any Christians at the time of the Crusades condemn them as being counter to the teachings of Christ?	[ "\"The Crusades\" is a relatively recent title for a variety of different wars lead by different people over hundreds of years who often had different reasons and theological justifications for their actions. Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and other Non-Catholics would have rejected different theological point...	[ "It's actually a popularized myth that \"scientists thought an ice age was coming in the 1970s\". [This PDF](_URL_2_) contains a study of all peer-reviewed literature from 1965-1979 concerning climate change. Of the 49 articles that predicted changes to global temperatures, 42 predicted warming, while only 7 predic...
How do Atomic bombs work? Is it just one atom torn apart?	[ "A neutron is fired into a cluster of unstable radioactive particles. HOWEVER it must go at a certain speed; too slow and the bomb won't explode, tok fast and the particle will go right through it. The amount of energy released will split the rest of the particles in the reaction, causing the huge energy released. ...	[ "Nornal break waves generated by wind have a fairly short wavelength (think about how \"thin\" they are back to front), they can have some decent height but overall don't have a huge amount of water in them. Tsunamis are caused by massive water displacement, like what would happen in an earthquake or underwater nuk...
If evolution can make a caterpillar mimic a snake to ensure its survival, why is it that all of us humans don't have super model looks? Being attractive is a huge factor in reproduction and keeping the human race alive. So why aren't we all perfect 10s?	[ "Being attractive is not a huge factor at all. Many non attractive people have children. What you suggest would only work if only attractive people were allowed or capable of reproducing or if the offsprings of attractive people had a higher chance of surviving through adolescence to reproduce." ]	[ "They aren't aesthetically beautiful mostly because it doesn't matter down there. They look strange to us because the environment they live in is so different from ours, and therefore different features are beneficial." ]
What makes a dishwasher safe item "safe"?	[ "Dishwashers typically use high temperature water to clean their contents. Plastics that are \"dishwasher safe\" are ones that will not degrade or melt in such conditions. Melting is pretty obvious, so I won't explain it; but degradation is a more complicated issue. Some plastics are stored in liquid form by disso...	[ "Yes, definitely! A few years ago a few of my lab mates and I did a study on what bacteria lived on ourselves and various things around our lab. The place with the most bacteria and diversity was on my Nalgene water bottle! I wrote up an article describing what we did and how we used DNA sequencing to identify the ...
Why aren't we using torx instead of phillips/slot screws?	[ "The advantage of phillips-style screwheads is that a range of drivers work with a range of screws, to some extent. A undersize driver will sort-of work on a larger screw. But this is also a problem, as you are more likely do damage both the driver and the screw. You need to use the exact right size of torx driver,...	[ "Ease of use. Becoming proficient with a bow could take years and requires a certain amount of strength. You could teach someone to use a musket in a fraction of the time." ]
How much credence is given to the revisionist take on Islamic history?	[ "I wrote a detailed response about Tom Holland's documentary [here](_URL_0_), using primary source to argue that something very similar to modern Islam did exist quite early on. Also worth noting that Crone and Cook's Hagarism thesis is not taken seriously anymore (or even at the time) - it literally used only th...	[ "Whilst working on Part III of my Opium War series (coming out on the Saturday Showcase tomorrow), I noticed something a little bit fishy about Extra Credits' description of the Battle of Chuanbi in November 1839. Namely, that it seems to be lifted more or less completely (albeit largely reworded) from the descript...
Why are car prices negotiable, when almost every other thing you buy has a strict price?	[ "That depends on where you shop. Walk into a souk in Marrakesh and every shopkeeper will negotiate on the price of every item. It's easier in a store where there are cash registers to just hire workers to scan the barcodes and have the shopper pay the total. In order to set the price through negotiation, you need w...	[ "Becsuse all tux's basically look the same, just different sizes and are a basic loose fit. Easy for many men to wear the same thing. But theres a bajillion styles of wedding dresses and different styles for different shapes and they're usually fitted. Odds of finding a generic sized dress in a style you like that ...
Why does gargling salt water make a sore throat feel better?	[ "Salt kills the bacteria/germs AND helps you heal, that's why some cultures rub salt on wounds." ]	[ "Nobody knows why or even if it works, but that and variations of it are common practise in many countries. Cultural memes are like that, they spread, even if they don't have any real function." ]
If I use 2FA and my gmail password is stored on my phone (as I don't want to type it every time), then 2FA only makes sense if I configure a password or fingerprint to unlock my phone? Correct?	[ "Security is a bit more complicated. The idea of using two factors is because even if one factor can be attacked people can still not authenticate as you. You likely already have two factor authentication for your phone messages. You need both the phone (sim card) and your unlock code. However between your phone an...	[ "401K refers to a section of the USA tax code that allows employees to reserve a portion of their yearly income and put it into a retirement account (referred to simply as a 401K). The money that you put into your 401K is pre-tax. Example: You make $20,000 in 2014. You have $2000 of that put into your 401K. Come ne...
The difference between Unison and Harmony.	[ "When two instruments are playing the same notes, this is unison. When two instruments are playing different notes, then this is harmony." ]	[ "Salt & Pepper season our food. They make it taste better. Spices & Herbs flavor our food. They make it taste different. Season everything. source: Chef." ]
Does my dog understand that I'm putting cream on her foot to help it heal, or does she just think I'm am asshole for rubbing weird stuff on her open wound?	[ "Your dog understands you are the pack leader, you are in charge, and you typically act in her best interests and she trusts you. She does not understand specifically that putting cream on a wound is helping her, and might be confused why you are doing something that hurts her." ]	[ "They play as practice for hunting basically. They know the difference, but they are \"programmed\" to play like this, as it has proven beneficial for honing of hunting skills and exercise. They also \"play\" with their prey to wear them down, to avoid sustaining injuries during the killing blow." ]
Why does sleeping for longer after sleeping short make you feel more tired?	[ "A part of your brain's hypothalamus is a cluster of cells known as the circadian pacemaker. This little regulator controls your body's wakefulness and drowsiness - your circadian rhythm. When you oversleep or sleep irregularly, you confuse the little guy, resulting in a phenomenon called sleep hangover or sleep dr...	[ "Dude, I typically experience the opposite, usually you're wiped out before making the trip back, and energized and active on the way there." ]
[META] What other subreddits are like /r/AskHistorians?l	[ "The quality of the moderation can vary, and not everyone has exactly our philosophy about it, but there's a variety of other R-slash-Ask subreddits that we will redirect questions to where appropriate - /r/askscience, /r/asksocialscience, /r/askphilosophy, /r/askliterarystudies, /r/askeconomics - and we'll redirec...	[ "Slightly off topic, but does anyone have a recommendation on books about the Inca that would be non-historian friendly? I love history, but I'm not a historian buff so if anyone has a recommendation of a slightly more pop-history style history of the Inca I'd really appreciate a rec. Thanks." ]
Why aren't airports given trucks full of gravel/sand/peanut butter/any other viscous fluid to fill the runway with and stop an airplane in case of emergency?	[ "Some airports do have overrun prevention systems (aka Engineered Materials Arresting Systems) that are composed of a soft, almost styrofoam-like concrete pad at the end of the runway. When a plane overruns onto the pad the landing gear digs in, slowing the aircraft. Pouring anything onto the runway would pose a hu...	[ "Governments give tax breaks and subsidies to corporations to lure them in to their area. The idea is that bringing that business to the area will, ultimately, bring more business and jobs to the area which, theoretically, will bring jobs to the locals and more tax revenue for the government. Again, theoretically, ...
How are plastic license plates (Europe, SEAsia, etc) secure? Can't they be easily faked?	[ "The only thing that matters is the numbers/letters combo of the actual license. You can buy fake license plates online. They look real enough. Custom plates are also a thing. A license plate really is only to identify the number. If you get pulled over with a fake plate, they will know, not because of the mater...	[ "My lorry does this. There are sensors under your car that know when you stray over a series of lines or cats eyes. My lorry beeps like crazy if I change lanes without indicating first as it thinks I'm falling asleep and drifting across lanes." ]
water is h20 , hydrogen peroxide is h202, how can one extra oxygen molecule turn into something that can kill you	[ "Short answer: because changing even one element in a compound will drastically change how it interacts with other chemicals. Long answer: H2O is remarkable stable and wants to stay that way. H2O2 is still stable, but it will give the extra oxygen atom to any compound that it can, so it can be more stable. Unlucky ...	[ "Let's do this in a really simple, visual kind of way. Here's two ways of expressing the same thing: WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW 17 W's. Now, they both show the same thing. But the second takes up only 6 characters (including the space), while the first takes up 17 characters The same basic idea is how data compression works...
How do fallout shelters work? I see them everywhere. Who has the keys? Is there a protocol?	[ "I curious as to where you live that you \"see them (fallout shelters) everywhere.\" Anyway, it depends. A shelter is usually maintained by whomever paid for its construction. They rely on thick walls, usually facilitated by being built underground, to mitigate the effects of radioactive fallout in the advent of a ...	[ "Thank you for your submission! Unfortunately, your submission has been removed for the following reason(s): You can find the basic answer with a google / wiki search. Please start there and come back with a more specific question. If you disagree with this decision, please send a [message to the moderators.](_URL...
It is often said that the Black Death ended feudalism in Europe by driving up wages. Is this accurate? Was feudalism still an institution in most of Europe at the time of the plague?	[ "For any flairs that tackle this question, would it be possible to include the latest date for the persistence of what we might call a feudalistic institution? I know that the French revolution put paid to a lot of feudal privileges by the 1790s and that serfdom persisted in Russian until 1861. But how much do prop...	[ "2) Louis Pasteur proposed the germ theory of disease in the late 19th century. People in the Middle Ages did not understand germs, but they did have some conception of disease, infection, and transmission. For the most part, it was a rudimentary idea that exposure to \"bad air,\" which they called miasma, coul...
Besides Solar, and Hydro, are we likely to develop a method of generating electricity that isn't ultimately steam turning a fan?	[ "The internal combustion engine is worth mentioning too. That's used in things like trains and boats, but not generally for permanent power generation installations." ]	[ "For that you need mountains, with two lakes above each other, and a river to replenish the evaporated water. Most, if not all suitable sites are already used for that. *Construction is expensive, and the energy content is relatively low. As a theoretical exercise you can calculate the 'lake' sizes and heigh...
The Origin of the Universe	[ "If The Big Bang Theory for Dummies couldn't help you, then having us explain it to you like you are five seems like a waste of all of our time." ]	[ "I like this video, at the end he talks about the center and how the big bang happens everywhere _URL_0_" ]
Why do humans and other mammals shake when they are afraid/nervous?	[ "Fight or flight initiated by the sympathetic nervous system and releases epinephrine and norepinephrine (among other things). These cause an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and sensitivity, for lack of a better word, of your muscles to movement. The shaking is a physical and psychological response to the s...	[ "Generally its a response of submission/chagrin at impending punihment/scolding, and that's just how the dog is reacting to the \"alpha\" (pet owner in this case) being upset with them. Now, if you set up a hidden camera in a room and the dogs made those same expressions/movements after doing something bad, with no...
Did pirates actually have parrots?	[ "I'm no expert, just the last few years I've been reading pirate histories. [The Pirates' Who's Who: Giving Particulars of the Lives and Deaths of the Pirates and Buccaneers, Philip Gosse](_URL_0_), a fairly good read, encyclopedia of all notable pirates, does not describe any parrot as pet or sidekick, on board sh...	[ "As a reminder, [top-level answers](_URL_0_) in this community need to be \"comprehensive and imformative.\" Single-links to Wikipedia and unsourced opinions do not clear that bar. This question already rests on a part of history hamstrung by the fuzzy diagnostics of diseases in the past and an almost unavoidable b...
Do people with Situs Inversus (reversed/mirrored organs) tend more to left-hand dominance?	[ "_URL_0_ It appears the answer is \"not really.\"" ]	[ "Unfortunately this will get deleted because it's not an explanation but it reminded me of an experiment I did. I used to jog laps around our large horse pasture every afternoon because our dirt road at the time was a bit to beat up for it. By the end I was always totally spent and the last lap took for-ev-er. I wo...
Who exactly is DJ Khaled and what are his "keys to success"?	[ "A famous American music producer, DJ, and radio host who often features himself in the songs he produces yelling his own name, DJ Khaled, in some fashion. He is getting so much publicity recently for his snapchat stories as they are always crazy and philosophical in a sense as he talks about \"major keys\" to life...	[ "Imagine you have 100 doors, and there is a prize behind one. You pick one door and then 98 others are opened. The prize is either behind your door, or the other one that is unopened. Should you switch? Absolutely, because you had a 1/100 shot of guessing right with your first pick, and a 99/100 chance if you swit...
Since glass wasn't a thing for thousand of years, when did people start having fish as pets?	[ "It’s not a perfect match for your question. But I provided an answer to a question about Roman fish tanks [here](_URL_0_). The short answer is the Romans definitely kept fish in ponds and artificial tanks , collectively known as piscinae. I can’t answer conclusively when people started keeping fish as pets, but it...	[ "One of my favourite Askhistorians answers ever addresses at least part of your question: [Would a crew of a ship departing from Venice in the 14th century towards Middle East have any plans ready in case they encounter a leviathan on their route?](_URL_2_) Original answer by /u/sunagainstgold." ]
Why is it that Mercury can drop to -150 degrees celcius when it is so close to the sun, but The Earth only goes down to about -80 degrees?	[ "The atmosphere acts like a giant thermal blanket. On the day side of the Earth, the sunlight heats up the Earth and the Earth re-radiates some of that energy back out. Some of this re-radiated light gets absorbed by the atmosphere, heating up the atmosphere. This is why days are warmer. On the night side, there is...	[ "You’re talking about adding (heating) or removing (freezing) energy. Adding energy is easy. Microwaves vibrate the water within the item producing enormous amounts of energy, and the heating elements in regular ovens are shooting 300-500 degree heat straight at your food. Removing energy on the other hand doesn’t ...
Why are the Sami people of Scandinavia considered indigenous, while the Norse aren't?	[ "Most nations in Europe are \"indigenous\". The difference is that the Norse have their own states, while the Sami don't and they lived in a simple tribal society until recently." ]	[ "Cameras aboard spacecraft like Cassini take photos using filters that isolate different wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum. Some, like red, green, and blue, capture light the human eye can see. Others, like ultraviolet and infrared, capture light it can't. All the images arrive to Earth as black-and-white...
What would happen a very massive asteroid hit the sun?	[ "Depending on the composition and size, likely nothing. If it was entirely water, or other light elements it would make the sun slightly hotter. If the asteroid was the size of Jupiter and composed entirely of ice, then it would burn much hotter due to the addition of fuel. If it was mostly iron or other heavy elem...	[ "The problem is that the waste heat will always outweigh the temperature decrease from the ice. Its the same reason a refrigerator with the door open won't cool your apartment. The net effect would be to convert solar energy to heat. A more viable way to redirect solar energy is to put reflective particles such as ...
What are the rings of shadow that move across fluorescent tube lights?	[ "It means the tube is too old and needs to be replaced. Fluorescent tubes work by having filaments at the end shooting electrons into a gas. The gas absorbs the high energy electron and when it kicks it off it emits UV. The UV reacts with a phosphor that covers the inside of the bulb to give you white light When th...	[ "This effect exists, but it is not strong enough to effect satellite orbits and it was actually very hard to detect when we tried. It is called [frame dragging](_URL_1_), and it was first detected by [Gravity Probe B](_URL_2_). It is more relevant near rotating black holes and [pulsars](_URL_0_)." ]
Do you think you could visually make out galaxies in intergalactic space?	[ "I'm not sure I understand your question so let me explain how we observe galaxies. Andromeda is the largest galaxy in our local group of galaxies. With the naked eye it is visible as a [smudge](_URL_2_), not much more than a star. (Note that M31 = Andromeda in that picture.) However, with powerful telescopes we ca...	[ "> I’ve seen a lot of scientists say we can’t get through the Van Allen belts Who in particular? Were they working on the Van Allen belts, ionizing radiation in general, or biological impact of ionizing radiation? We can go through them easily, and if you don't spend days there the total dose is not a significant c...
Did pirates really bury treasure?	[ "Yes, they did! Although buried treasure is often seen as a myth made up by popular culture (namely Robert Lewis Stevenson's Treasure Island), William Kidd is the only pirate to have evidence supporting this claim. [This](_URL_0_) is a very interesting fact sheet written by Dan Conlin, Curator of Marine Histor...	[ "I'd add: [I just read this](_URL_0_) and still don't undertand how they can find bitcoins in old hard drives??? Are bitcoins litterally that easy to stock? I dont get it..." ]
- People with down syndrome having children	[ "The chromosomes of two healthy humans add up to 92. To make your child have only 46 chromosomes, one of your cells split in a very particular way in which, rather than making a full copy of all 46 chromosomes to go into both new cells, it just pulls have it's chromosomes into one cell and the other half into what...	[ "Basically, the nukes we dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were very small nukes (compared to what we have at our disposal today) and, while they DID cause radioactive fallout, they caused a (relatively) small amount of it, and it is no longer dangerous to live there - but it WAS dangerous for many years after the ...
Why can't we prove climate change?	[ "Essentially, it has already been proven. you have a bunch of people with the fingers in their ears going \"nahnahnahnah ain't so!\"" ]	[ "Short answer, money. Slightly longer answer: religion, anti-intellectual movement, funding, social issues, and things that are used to ‘measure’ performance. Tests are easy to use to see if a kid can produce the answer to a given question. Which is great if you are playing Jeopardy but generally useless day to day...
Why do people find it 'necessary' to give money to girl scouts and such?	[ "You clearly don't appreciate the deliciousness that is girl scout cookies" ]	[ "it is the classic \"hero saves the maiden\" situation. many men like being the protector of his woman, and many women like being protected by their man. when a woman is clumsy, she needs more than the average saving by her knight in shining armor!" ]
iOS takes a ~30% cut of all in app purchases. Why does Amazon, Uber, Lyft, etc. agree to this? Do they even pay it?	[ "iOS takes 30% of the revenue from _in app purchases that Apple distributes_. They don't get 30% from your _URL_0_ order, they get 30% from the \"unlock more content from the App Store\" sort of purchases, as well as the \"buy this app for 1.99\" sort of purchases. Since Amazon, Uber, Lyft, et. al. maintain their o...	[ "Because you agreed to those terms when you signed up for their service." ]
Why do we perceive time differently?	[ "I may well be wrong, but it's my understanding that physics has held for a while that time is largely a human construct. Change is real, sure, but time as a real thing is a pretty new (and still controversial) idea in physics: _URL_1_ Also, Radiolab ran a great episode on this a few years back that explains what I...	[ "> If that's true, then technically they are both at rest, aside from the brief period of acceleration. The devil's in the details. When Twin B is coasting, you're right that she sees Twin A aging slower than she is, and concludes that she is the younger twin in her own reference frame. But during that brief pe...
Why do so many "ex-hackers" get hired by security firms? Isn't it the perfect job for them to put flaws and backdoors in security softwares?	[ "Sure it is, but why would they? The ex-hacker has too much to lose. At that point they have a regular paying job that is integral on people trusting them. Sure they could get a one time hit, but then no one would use them again and there is a good chance they would be the first person the police investigate." ]	[ "Theoretically, the two approaches are different styles of surface-and-gap warfare. Which basically says, attack the enemy where there is a gap (weakness) in his forces rather than a surface (strength). The Germans exploited gaps through recon-pull, the Soviets used command-push. The Germans would send out recon un...
Why do we keep using months? Wouldn't it be easier to just count days from 1 to 365 every year instead?	[ "Basically, it's a lot easier to picture how far into a year you are when you break it into familiar chunks. It's a lot easier to comprehend being 7 months into a year than 212 days. Our minds don't handle big numbers well." ]	[ "The concept does exist, it's call a [turn](_URL_0_). The main advantage of radians is that trigonometric functions are most naturally expressed as functions of radians. I don't know the history of how things came to be though. Also note that when talking about frequency it is common to talk about multiples of revo...
What exactly is happening inside this vacuum causing plasma to appear from a Tesla coil?	[ "Hello! I just posted about this on the other thread in /r gifs. I'm a plasma scientist getting my PhD soon. The metal nail is getting charged by being in the electric field created by the Tesla coil. The plunger part of the syringe is moved backwards which creates a vacuum in inside. A plasma discharge is formed w...	[ "Really good question, but this might be a little too broad and deep a question for ELI5, especially since you're asking for proofs. A good answer would involve reviewing about a quarter of a standard undergraduate electricity and magnetism text. If you want todo that, I recommend Griffiths, Electrodynamics, sect...
Why do movie theaters have to follow the MPAA rules with who can see what movies? Can't someone under 18 just wait a few months to watch a R rated film on their own?	[ "Move theaters don't have to listen to the mpaa they choose to because they don't want parents shouting at them for letting their children in to an R rated movie." ]	[ "There is a hormone in insects called Juvenile Hormone (JH) that controls metamorphosis. Basically, every time the larva molts, its body checks to see how much JH there is. While JH is high, it will stay immature and keep eating and growing as a larva. When JH levels suddenly drop, that is a signal that the caterpi...
Why does diamond have a higher boiling point than graphite?	[ "In the structure of diamond, each Carbon atom is covalently bonded to 4 other carbon atoms; every electron in Carbon's outer shell (there's four) is being used to bond. There are no free electrons (also why diamond has no electric charge). This makes diamond very hard. In graphite, every Carbon atom is only bonded...	[ "It's not clear that this is the case. The effect, called the Mpemba effect, is not easy to reproduce, and does not have well defined criteria. Thus, it may only be true in trivial circumstances (like the hot water sample having a greater surface area exposed or otherwise subject to different conditions, while fai...
Could a planet ever capture a moon in a stable orbit perpendicular to it's own rotation?	[ "I don't see any reason why a polar orbit would be unstable. There are many artificial satellites in polar orbit around Earth. However, orbiting along the prime meridian doesn't sound right. The planet is rotating under your satellite. The most similar real thing to what you're asking would be a [sun synchronous or...	[ "> Can you make a perpetual motion machine with magnets? No. > I'm thinking along the lines of a ring or circuit with fixed magnets and a projectile with opposite polarity. You can't have an object of \"opposite polarity\", because [magnetic monopoles](_URL_0_) are not known to exist. Thus the projectile would ha...
Why did the I-5 bridge in Washington collapse?	[ "It was designed in the 1950s and was an obsolete and dangerous design. Structural Engineering back then was downright primitive compared to today. That bridge design was \"fracture critical\" meaning failure in a single area could cause the entire bridge to collapse. Modern bridges are designed to sustain damage t...	[ "Let's say toll roads are run by Wal Mart. They then offer a discount - you can drive to Wal Mart for free, but still have to pay a toll when you go anywhere else. Sounds good, right? But then next year they double or triple the toll. Soon you can't afford to shop anywhere EXCEPT WalMart. Every other store then go...
Why do antibiotics have a "do not ingest" warning?	[ "Topical ointments are typically a medication mixed with petroleum jelly - that is, Vaseline. Vaseline isn't particularly nasty, but you can't digest it. It can make you vomit or give you oily diarrhea. Ingestion of the active ingedient of an antibiotic ointment is probably not harmful in that kind of dosage. Howev...	[ "No, it sounds like one of two things happened there: 1) A technical writer was having a bit of fun, assuming that no one would ever read the instructions. 2) Someone in the past complained about it, and now that line is in there to appease the complainer. An important note though. Anyone can sue for anything if t...
Were people allowed to move freely within provinces in the Umayyad, Abbassid and Ottoman empires?	[ "> to the extent that the people from all these places see themselves as one nation: Arabs. The Ottoman empire was not an Arab state, it was Turkish." ]	[ "A woman named Frances Wright did something like what you are asking in 1824. In Memphis, TN she bought two thousand acres of land from Andrew Jackson and would buy slaves. On this land she set up a co-operative labor system where they could basically work off their price of purchase and then they would be set free...

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