Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
How do air fryers work? Don't you need oil to fry foods?	[ "it's like a high powered convection oven. you still need some oil. your normal oven doesn't get hot enough to do it and circulate the air fast enough. it's like if you turn on the boiler setting you can get some crispiness from stuff, but now imagine that all around your food." ]	[ "It uses induced currents. Basically the wires in the charger are wrapped in a ring. When elections move in that ring it makes a magnetic field. That magnetic field then causes motion in the electrons of a similar ring in the device. This causes the charging. There are some attempts to add this form of charging to ...
Why are there differences between the way periodic tables show the lanthanides/ transition metals?	[ "There is no one \"right way\" to show the lanthanides and actinides in the periodic table. Both of these groups are characterized by filling an f-orbital as one goes across the row. That filling, in a sense, \"happens before\" the filling of the d-orbital that characterizes the transition elements. In practice, th...	[ "[The Straight Dope covered this](_URL_0_). Basically, they started out as being made by two different production teams, but after a certain point, they became essentially interchangeable, but they kept both names going." ]
Why do horses need the bits in their mouth rather than a harness over/under the mouth?	[ "They don't. It's just the way that gained favor hundreds of years ago. Native Americans didn't use bits and today there is a surge in popularity of Hackamore and Bosal bridles that don't use bits. Bits cause pain. Pain causes compliance. That's a wildly oversimplified explanation, and I'm sure there will be no sh...	[ "They've done studies on buses in crashes using crash dummies— passengers in a bus are actually safer and better protected in a crash when they are not using a safety belt. The way the overall bus is shaped, combined with the trajectory of the passengers on impact, combined with the speed most buses go in transit, ...
If I put a very long, but thin pole in deep outer space (no gravity from nearby planets) could I get things to revolve around it?	[ "Yes, an object could orbit around it. Assuming that an object with mass M is near the center of the pole, at a distance R, and that the pole is very long compared to this distance (L > > R), the gravitational force experienced by the object would be (if my calculations are correct): F = pi * gamma * m * M/(L * R...	[ "You would percieve it as a partially transparent mirror. It wouldn't help a telescope because spinning it would not make more light hit the mirror, and the reason telescope mirrors are large is to collect more light." ]
How does Gravitropism work?	[ "Some plant cells are sensitive to gravity, and the plant uses this information to send the root down and the stalk up when the seed germinates. It would not work as well on the Moon or Mars, where there is less gravity, but some effect is still likely. Of course, both these places have a larger obstacle to plant l...	[ "Some plants genetic structure mean that they don't allow it to self pollinate, even if pollen from the same plant is delivered by a bee or other creature only pollen from a different plant will actually cause fertilization to occur. Other plants use time as a differentiating factor in that the pollen matures at a ...
Why do medical guidelines LOWER recommended rate of testing sometimes?	[ "There was an segment on NPR about this yesterday. The host asked the same question you did. The short version is that it's painful, expensive, and even if they get cervical cancer it's not the end of the world. Cervical cancer (according to the speaker) is slow growing and the chance of it actually causing problem...	[ "Do you have a source for this change? I have never seen it. Where are you getting your numbers? Are you asking if it changes, or are you asking why it changes?" ]
Why does silver have a larger atomic radius than both copper and gold?	[ "Copper is easy. It has fewer electron shells tHan silver. Gold is trickier. There are two factors in play. One is called the lanthanide contraction. It's a shielding effect, or, rather, the result of the filled f shell that all post lanthanide elements possess not being able to shield the d electrons well. This pu...	[ "Awesome question, you’re right that the research about this kinda sucks. If you are good at interpreting/understanding research articles then check this out, if not then I’ll cover the details below so don’t worry: _URL_0_ Generally, research of this nature is done using model organisms, in the case of this study...
Did Native Americans have land and borders	[ "Many tribes did not have the same type of personal land ownership concepts that Europeans did (though some did, particularly those that built cities) but virtually all of them had the concept of territorial control by the tribe, had defined borders, and had wars with other tribes for access to resources (such as h...	[ "I'm really frustrated that all my books are in storage right now. The author you want to find is [Henry Reynolds](_URL_1_). If you're in university you may be able to access some of his books & papers for free. He's famous for his work on frontier conflict, but he covers non-violent contact as well. This is one of...
Meteor Showers occur when the Earth passes through dust left by a comet, I've been told... so why doesn't that cloud orbit the Sun as well?	[ "It's all orbiting the Sun in a big elliptical orbit and not usually in the same plane as the Earth." ]	[ "The rays (called [crepuscular rays](_URL_0_)) are parallel. Their appearance of not being parallel is simply a trick of perspective. It's the same concept as how parallel train tracks will look like they converge in the distance if you're standing between them. Edit: [This image from the ISS](_URL_1_) show...
How were dates from civilizations like China converted into B.C and A.D when they had no conception of the Christian calendar? Did these societies also use a twelve month, seven-day week system?	[ "More can be written, but you might like to see the FAQ section [\"How did the world agree on what year it is?\"](_URL_0_) . For China in particular, I see [\"How do humans really know what year it is? What historical events started us from BCE to CE?\"](_URL_1_) by [deleted] and [\"What happened 2012 years ago, wh...	[ "The facts that [Weather Patterns follow a weekly schedule](_URL_0_) and humans are the only creatures that do are pretty damning." ]
What specifically allowed CGI in movies to exponentially get better in movies nowadays?	[ "1. Hardware became much cheaper and faster. Your PC has graphic card more powerful than most of render farms in 90s. 2. Software became easier to use and more \"smart\". Some effects are now templates and not required to be done by hands. 3. Footage and skill reusing. People that already put research into how to d...	[ "Well, obviously you already know how you can overlay graphics on top of a still image. Creating an arrow or label on top of a photo isn't so hard, from that perspective. It's the movement and real-time camera sync that's hard. So how do you do it when the image moves and changes constantly? Well, the cameras posit...
why does saying "tock, tick, tock, tick" seems really weird, but saying "tick, tock, tick, tock" sounds more correct?	[ "Here's an image I found explaining it: _URL_0_ Basically it's because English has subtle rules for the order words should go in. If there's words with I, A, and O, the first is the one with I, and the second can be A or O. Redditor /u/qdatk explained: > i-a and i-o vowels are chosen because they are maximally diff...	[ "Imagine you have an unlimited supply of BBs in a container. This container has an opening that allows the BBs to stream out at a very fast rate, specifically, 864,000,000 in a day (chosen to make math easy). Now imagine you have a plate below the container that all the BBs land on. This plate can count the BBs as ...
How does the brain choose what to dream about?	[ "you can consciously decide what to dream about, how effective that will be will depend on your mental state and how in touch you are with your subconscious, otherwise most of the time your dreams will depend on things that happened during the day, emotions you're currently feeling and/or memories. Most of the time...	[ "It uses a modified decision tree. Basically, every question can be answered with true or false. The combination of all those trues and falses gives a unique answer that is preprogrammed into the database. If it fails, it tries to learn the sequence of trues and falses and gives it the correct answer (You can tell ...
How do you ground electronics in space?	[ "Usually the spacecraft structure is used as the reference 0V \"ground\". It is important to make sure that stuff is not left floating because photoelectric effect can charge up some parts to very high potentials and cause high voltage discharge. If the spacecraft will be used in a plasma environment (low earth orb...	[ "How would you get it there? Pound for pound, going to the moon is expensive. Really expensive. How would you service them? Getting a technician up there is really really expensive. How would you protect them? Earth has mild temperatures and magnetic protection from solar flares. The Moon doesn't." ]
Why can't consoles/PCs read or play CDs designed for other platforms?	[ "Like your computer uses Windows/Linux/Apple OS/etc. as an operating system, consoles/dvd players/cd players/etc all have their own operating systems. If a CD is designed for the Xbox operating system, the Windows OS won't know what to do with it (unless you run an emulator). Think of each OS as a different languag...	[ "It's like you're driving a car down the highway and you need to replace the tires because they're old and worn out. You could engineer a really complicated system that would allow you to safely change the tires while you're still moving. Or, you could just stop the car, replace the tires, then get going again. ...
Referring Employment Agency	[ "Typically temp agencies are contacted with certain employers. So if another agency has an offering with a company that you like, best to cut out the middle man..." ]	[ "The new US Immigration Czar claims he can look into the eyes of a child and read their future criminal record. Has the government ever employed a wizard before?" ]
How are trains able to stay on a track while going around a curve.	[ "The answer to this is actually kind of interesting. Now, when a car turns a corner, the differential allows the wheels to spin at different speeds, which is necessary, since the outer wheel travels a farther distance than the inner wheel, but in the same amount of time. But trains have the wheels on either side co...	[ "It's actually not for the liquid but for gas. Sewer produce alot chemicals that are a gas (or air to five year old.) Many of these gasses smell bad, or are poisonous or can even explode under certain condition. A S-Bend in a pipe is called a trap and it prevent the gas from entering the building." ]
Are migratory bird patterns disrupted when there's a very mild warm winter?	[ "Hi there, i am from ireland and recently completed a bird training course in college. migratory birds tend to move for 2 reasons, feeding grounds and breeding grounds. breeding grounds tend to be fixed, whereas bird migrate south/north (depending on hemisphere) during the winter. when traveling to a place that is ...	[ "It is genetic in birds, just as is the creation of webs in many spiders. Although DNA only codes for protiens, and it makes sense to ask a question such as \"How can protiens dictate thoughts and actions as complex as nest-building,\" it is what those proteins create and help to run (cells such as neurons for ins...
Why was Euro Disney (Disneyland Paris) such a financial disaster when it opened ?	[ "What i understand from my hospitality and culture classes, is that Disney tried to copy and paste Disney World into Disney Europe. Like everything was the same, company culture, work ethics whatsoever. Since Europeans and Americans are most definitely not the same type of people that completely backlashed and mad...	[ "What /u/Teekno said, water, is a huge part of it, and not limited to just California - reports were that last summer was so dry in the midwest that grains and corn were also going to have a much smaller crop this past fall, on top of the pork shortage, and this past winter [has killed over 30k dairy cattle,](_URL_...
When did the human heart became related to emotions?	[ "Have you never been upset, afraid, or excited and felt your heart pounding in your chest? The blood rushing through your ears? The human heart never became associated with emotions, our emotions are linked to our heart through our biology." ]	[ "I think it is hardwired into us. [Tommy Edison](_URL_0_) explains it better." ]
what is the evolutionary advantage of moths/bugs etc flying towards light? Surely before electricity, light would only come from flames and would incinerate anything that flew into it?	[ "They aren't trying to fly toward a light source. They're trying to fly in a straight line, using a simple navigation technique of keeping the moon/sun at a fixed angle. Because of the incredible distance to the moon/sun, if you keep either at the same angle in your vision as you fly (which is really easy for com...	[ "We selected chickens to be like this. The wild ancestral chicken (probably the Red Junglefowl) can fly a decent amount, run pretty quickly, isn't nearly as fat, camouflage pretty well, and the males have giant spurs on their feet. People have bred chickens over thousands of years to be fat and flightless so we can...
A couple days ago, a 300 year old Stradivarius violin was stolen (and later found.) What would be the point of stealing something so famous that anyone who can afford the million-dollar price tag would recognize as a stolen item?	[ "Theft by contract. A millionaire decides that he wants something his money can't buy in a conventional way, so he pays someone to steal it for him. He doesn't care if people know that he has it or not; the satisfaction of possession alone is worth the price he pays to have it stolen." ]	[ "A buyer. Anyone can make a vodka bottle thats priced at 1million. Getting someone to pay you $1m for that bottle is another matter." ]
Why is it that some people drive like complete assholes but are the nicest people in person?	[ "I think it's the lack of eye contact, we're not as self-conscious about our behaviour when we're only dealing with mobile metal boxes." ]	[ "My lorry does this. There are sensors under your car that know when you stray over a series of lines or cats eyes. My lorry beeps like crazy if I change lanes without indicating first as it thinks I'm falling asleep and drifting across lanes." ]
How do I do quantum levitation at home	[ "A high temperature superconductor (like Yttrium Barrium Copper Oxide), liquid nitrogen, and a magnet." ]	[ "This is one of those times where \"why\" is basically unanswerable [see this](_URL_0_). We can go only a little bit further back and say that it is because quarks are charged but that's pretty much it. Beyond that the only answer is \"because experiment\"" ]
If white dwarfs will eventually die, what would a completely dead star look like?	[ "A white dwarf's \"death\" is just it cooling off. Since it will emit less and less the cooler it gets, and it started off with an incredible amount of very hot mass, this process will take a very long time, on the order of 10^15 years to approximately reach the temp of the background radiation. Once it has emitte...	[ "Analog TVs had a circuit called the [\"color killer\"](_URL_0_). It was designed to eliminate any color from the screen when B+W programming was being received. The B+W signal did not have a [color burst](_URL_1_) reference signal, and it is the absence of this color burst which triggers the color killer. Static m...
Why did people quickly lose interest in space travel after the first Apollo 11 moon flight? Few TV networks broadcasted Apollo 12 to 17	[ "Because space travel is not inherently engaging for the vast majority of people. In order to be interested, there must be something novel or dramatic to keep people engaged. Hardly anybody saw the Apollo 13 launch, but as soon as lives were on the line it became an internationally captivating story. It's similar i...	[ "The Vietnam War was very controversial. A lot of returning troops were called names, spit on, etc. Many of those soldiers also personally didn't agree with the war, they were just doing their jobs. And don't forget there was a draft -- so for many of those soldiers it was basically a choice between going to war, o...
The irrational feeling of anger, jealousy, and regret when seeing someone you broke up with dating someone else.	[ "They made you unhappy. You left them because of this. Now they're happy, and you're still not. It's 'unfair'. Such is life. I feel with you." ]	[ "Imagine you are made of genetic soup. Some people have ingredients that just don't go well together and make the soup taste bad. But that's ok, because when you have a kid, we just take some of my soup and some of my wife's soup and pour it in together. So even though my soup has some bad ingredients, her ingredie...
What did the Axis powers promise their people in the event of an Allied unconditional surrender?	[ "We can always get new insights, but have an old answer (from /u/commiespaceinvader) meanwhile: _URL_0_" ]	[ "Not to discourage further discussion - I hope others can add to this - but u/400-Rabbits wrote a fantastic post some time ago on the Aztecs and on [What would happen if human sacrifice did not appease the Gods and relieve the drought?](_URL_0_) As very brief summary: The post deals with a severe drought that hit...
In a steel mill, what are those huge metal vats holding molten iron made out of?	[ "Varieties of ceramics, the melting point is much higher than that of the operating temperature of the molten steel" ]	[ "What exactly do you mean by \"harness fire\"? Regarding the fire that didn't go out, I believe you are referring to the fire the Vestal Virgins were charged with keeping aflame. The Vestal Virgins were priestesses of the goddess of the hearth, and were chosen around 12 years old or younger and made 30 year vows of...
What does the statement in the Qur'an that Jesus 'was not killed or crucified', "though it was made to appear like that," say about traditions current in Arabia at the time?	[ "Spitballing here, but perhaps the verse could be interpreted as something along the lines that he \"was not killed, nor did he die by crucifixion\"? Perhaps, for Arabic speakers of the time, crucifixion was not a way of killing someone (as I think it is for modern English speakers), but a way of dying?" ]	[ "Karachi (largest city in Pakistan) is currently experiencing some large problems; both in crime, and politically. This is in part due to [Altaf Hussain](_URL_0_) who is the founder and leader of the [Muttahida Quami Movement](_URL_1_) - a political party in pakistan based in the city of Karachi. The problems surro...
How do people raise money by walking across a country/cycling around the world/ climbing Mount something / go q month without eating chocolate for charity	[ "It's basically the same thing as asking all your friends for money, except the idea is that you're saying \"if I ride my bike across America, then will you donate a pledged amount to this charity?\" The idea is that you're doing something hard or complicated, and in return/as a \"reward\" of sorts, your friends g...	[ "Some high level criminals are also narcissistic and love the attention. They also probably \"recreate\" a lot of the crimes they commit rather than have the film crew follow them around as they commit crimes. For example, in the episode with the guys smuggling drugs. Very doubtful they let a camera crew follow t...
Why do many Indian names for things have Persian origin?	[ "The Mughals spoke Persian and it was a lingua franca in Central Asia and India for centuries." ]	[ "The actual chemicals in the cream cost pennies. What you're actually paying for is the company to invent that chemical. And India doesn't feel they have to pay for that." ]
Why is it more tiring to stand than to walk?	[ "When you're standing you're not actually resting. Your muscles are constantly making small adjustments with your ankles as the pivot point in order to stop you from falling on your face. Each adjustment isn't very intensive but it does this alot.Not only are your muscles doing this work constantly, it's only a s...	[ "Your body can't dissipate heat as well at 75-80 degrees as it might at 50 degrees, so it needs extra help at dissipating the heat. Even though your temperature is 98 degrees you are ALWAYS creating heat and your body is ALWAYS getting rid of heat. So if the environment makes it take longer to get rid of the same a...
Do celestial objects posses immense kinetic energy? For example, is the kinetic energy of Earth a calculable question?	[ "You danced around the answer in your question: the amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on your frame of reference. For instance, two asteroids flying at each other head-on would have a lot of kinetic energy with respect to each other, but two asteroids in close proximity to each other, flying in a simil...	[ "Units are your friend, at least in physics. In the equation you gave, KE=1/2mv2, KE has units of joules. You should have also learned that a J is equal to kg*m2. And that is how you know the m is squared. When I was taking physics, I only memorized units and the basic parts of equations, then just filled in the re...
how come taser electricity looks blue but an open power line's electricity looks red and orange?	[ "Taser 'dry stun' discharge appears blue because it is ionizing the air. Lightning bolts actually do have a blue-ish hue because they also ionize the air, but it's hard to see because there is so much energy being discharged that the white discharge drowns out the color. Open power lines have red and orange sparks...	[ "In short: Rapid thermal expansion of the lightning channel. A lightning discharge is a very large current running through a thin channel in the atmosphere. Even though this channel is highly conductive thanks to the preceding leader-phase (where a different electrical discharge phenomenon called a \"leader\" effec...
How does a group like Skidrow crack games' DRM?	[ "Think of a game - or any computer program - like a recipe. Do this, do that, do this other thing. At some point in a copy-protected game, it'll do some check to see if it's allowed to install or run; maybe check a serial number or make sure the right disk is in the drive or (and this is old school) ask for the 4t...	[ "The keys are purchased with stolen credit card information. G2A makes no effort to validate the sources of their keys. When the card holder finds out and their bank reverses the transaction, the key becomes invalid. Bye-bye game." ]
Why can't we build an oil refinery in Canada to process the tar sands? Why does it need to be piped such a long distance?	[ "Hey all, lurker turned member here. Saw this and couldn't not put my two cents in. I'm an LPG contractor for Calor in the UK, and I've had insight and heard a lot of details in a lot of meetings over the years. Simple answer? Oil, as we are all so constantly reminded, is a finite resource. Why use your own when yo...	[ "Imagine you have a computer on your house. Now you want to connect that computer to your friend 100 miles away. How do you do it? You could lay a 100 mile cable, but do you have the permissions to dig up roads and pathways? You would use a company whose cables were already there, and just use that network of cab...
How were canals made before the advent of steam power?	[ "A lot of man power, often in the form of navvies, who are actually named after their work on the canals - naval engineers. The average navvie could dig a trench 4 foot wide, 4 foot deep, and 30 foot long in a day. And lift it all above their head. Hire enough people, and you can build anything big enough. Liz Mc...	[ "Here's a discussion from 3 years ago: [Is there any historical precedent for a pre-modern culture constructing elaborate mechanical traps \$as seen in many films such as \"Goonies\" or in various \"Indiana Jones\" films\$ that are disarmable by an artifact or by a sequence of actions? Where does this common fil...
How do you gauge the weight of a cloud?	[ "It's about using known density and dimensions. Visible clouds are made of liquid water, as water vapor is invisible. The vapor condenses around condensation nuclei - particles of dust, smoke or other debris. The combined weight of the tiny amount of water and dust is still very nearly the same as the air around it...	[ "[Data centers](_URL_0_). As for how they can afford it, simple, you make sure your revenue outweighs your costs, leaving you with profit, though you likely won't make any profit within the first year or so. Money is gained a few ways, either the premium customers pay enough for the free customers, personal info so...
why is it easier to push than to pull?	[ "When you push on the door, you are leaning forward, using your weight and gravity to assist you. When you pull on the door, you are just using your arm muscles. You could grab the handle and lean back, but it would be awkward and uncomfortable." ]	[ "TL:DR - It's literally just the way our tracts work. Birds and lizards have completely different systems than humans. When you drink something or eat food with fluids, it gets absorbed into your body to get the nutrients and is flushed through the kidneys into the bladder. The solid mass of food you eat that isn'...
What is the difference between roasting and baking?	[ "In essence none, it's a distinction of the food being cooked. A solid form such as meat or a carrot is roasted; A non solid form cooked until it becomes solid, like a cake or a mixed dish is baked. It's the same oven, the same temperatures, the cook's goals are just different." ]	[ "Here's a pretty good explainer. _URL_0_ Basically it comes down to different memory, different promises (reliability and service life), and different marketing." ]
Why do so many celebrities become enamored by/join Scientiology?	[ "Well, for those people it IS like a celebrity club; it's a relatively exclusive organization, it has vast contacts in the entertainment biz and associated businesses (because they have cultured members and allies and contacts for this purpose) so they also provide networking between different kinds of high pro...	[ "They don't. It's a marketing ~~lie~~ gimmick. I used to work for a company that did a similar thing by mail. New customers were supposed to sign up by a certain time for special rates but as a specific matter of policy we'd give those rates to anyone who mailed back the special offer." ]
Why is it that cats and dogs can lick/eat just about anything and never get sick?	[ "Honestly... you could probably lick a lot more things than you'd want to before you got sick. Normally-functioning immune systems are really quite fantastic at protecting against disease from everyday objects. We just know better than to lick them. We know that they could carry germs that could get us sick, so w...	[ "The sense we call \"Taste\" is actually sensing the chemical makeup of whatever you're putting in your mouth. Various nerve endings in your taste buds will only send a signal to your brain if they are triggered by a certain chemical. Since different foods have different combinations of chemicals, we experience eac...
Gilgamesh in Cuneiform	[ "What you are asking for is the two-volume [The Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic by A. R. George](_URL_1_). This masterful work includes the editions of all of the known tablets of the Gilgamesh epic (except for [the most recenly discovered tablet](_URL_0_)), an English translation, and images of the cuneiform tablets. ...	[ "While there’s always more to say on the subject, the ever impressive u/sunagainstgold addressed this once before here: * [Question about the first verse of the Song of Roland (Translation: Editions Léon Gautier, 1878)](_URL_0_)" ]
If drunk people are unable to consent, what happens when both parties are equally drunk and have sex?	[ "Usually yes. However, it is possible for people to give consent beforehand. For instance, an established couple might consume drugs and then have sex while under the effects. Because they have an established relationship, and previously consented, I think it would avoid the definition of rape." ]	[ "(Intuitive explanation, not very rigorous.) (Also, yes, this is a very general reply. A more direct answer to the original question was posted by Silpion below.) There are forces that favor fusion, such as the nuclear binding forces. There are forces that oppose it, such as the electrostatic force that repels ...
Is it possible to calculate how fast we're moving through time?	[ "One second per second. Which also happens to be the speed of light." ]	[ "If we did we would eventually slow the Earth down which would have disastrous effects." ]
Do transsexual individuals (specifically male to female) suffer a 'phantom limb' sensation where their penis used to be?	[ "You appear to have a misconception about Sex Reassignment Surgery, as the appendage is not amputated, but inverted and used to create a vaginal cavity, preserving the nerves and presumably any sensation who's absence might cause phantom limb issues." ]	[ "Blood doesn't rush around your body in one big tube. What happens is the blood vessels split and become thinner and thinner. Think of a fan where the bottom is the main artery which splits into finer tubes called capillaries. This splitting happens all through your skin, so there are millions of very fine capilla...
Why didn’t George Washington and Thomas Jefferson free their slaves?	[ "there's some great threads on the topic, especially Thomas jefferson (not much on washington specifically though) _URL_1_ _URL_0_" ]	[ "This has essentially been answered by the preceding comments, but what hasn't been contributed is this: _URL_0_. Muster and enrollment records, transfer lists, honours lists, etc, for the period of 1730 through 1898. Worth having, OP, if you're writing or researching the topic academically. To succinctly summarise...
What makes things spicy?	[ "I'll generally explain capsaicin, the chemical that makes peppers spicy. Essentially, the chemical excites the same neural pathways that are excited by heat, causing our brain to interpret the sensation as a burning. There's generally no actual damage done, but our brain is tricked into believing that our mouth is...	[ "I can't remember 100%, but in uni I remembering learning about how genetics is a huge factor, but of course environment plays a role too. So neurons in general have to reach a certain threshold to \"synapse,\" and in the case of pain/sensory neurons, the synapse=pain felt. If you have a higher threshold to reach i...
Was Churchill's 'Iron Curtain Speech' exaggerated? (and book request)	[ "Since this is a homework question, we expect a little more effort from you. What research have you done so far for your paper? What are your findings so far? Is there anything specific you have a question about?" ]	[ "Hi, while you're waiting for a direct reply here, you might be interested in this answer to a similar question * /u/Shashank1000 in [How did the Education System (primary, secondary, tertiary and vocational) in the USSR compare to the education offered in western countries like Britain and America during a similar...
How do coatings like 'Ultra-Ever Dry' work?	[ "Products like that rely on nano-structured textures to repel water, forming essentially an array of tiny fingers poking up from the surface. A drop of water on top would have a lower surface area in contact with the material and a higher contact angle at the edge of the drop. This helps to allow the water to bead ...	[ "Online tracking is easy. Whenever you click on an ad, it sets a cookie on your computer that marks you as arriving to that site from the ad. Your each activity on that site is tracked and noted when you make your purchase. Offline is a bit different. Depending on the size and marketing efforts of a company, they m...
Where do plants get their nucleotides in order to replicate their DNA?	[ "They synthesize them, ultimately from scratch...a little searching found this [article](_URL_3_) for exemple. I also found [this](_URL_2_) .... you will also need to follow up the synthesis of the [precursor](_URL_0_) These always make my head swim. As I try to go back up the chain, it starts to look like [this](...	[ "You don't actually \"buy\" anything. You rent it. Much like you rent an apartment. You rent it from the ICANN for a fee. This rental, much like your apartment rental, has a time constraint to it. The root DNS servers get their information from ICANN, so when you type in your browser \"_URL_0_\" your computer goe...
Why are Basalt Columns Hexagonal?	[ "It has been a while, but if in remember correctly this happens sue to the fact that when the lava cools uniformly it will nucleate solidification close to uniformly, this leads to patterns similar to Voronoi diagrams as they cool. Most commonly the polygons formed are pentagonal and hexagonal." ]	[ "Awesome question, you’re right that the research about this kinda sucks. If you are good at interpreting/understanding research articles then check this out, if not then I’ll cover the details below so don’t worry: _URL_0_ Generally, research of this nature is done using model organisms, in the case of this study...
Why does shaking a carbonated beverage cause the C02 to fizz out?	[ "Pressure helps keep the carbonation in soda. If you shake it, all of the fluid speeds up. As speed increases in a fluid, pressure decreases. As pressure decreases, the gas can escape the liquid it is dissolved in. Eli25: Bernoulli's principle combines with reduced solubility of gasses in a liquid at lower pressur...	[ "This is called the [Cheerios Effect](_URL_1_). I find this amusing. Basically, when something is floating in a liquid, a [meniscus](_URL_0_) forms around it. (In the case of the bubbles, it's a concave meniscus.) Since the bubbles float, they want to be at the highest point achievable on the surface of the liquid,...
Trading Gold and Silver Commodities	[ "If you don't have even a 5 year olds level of understanding then why do you want to get into it? If you are actually interested then I can explain some of it, but you won't make money, trust me." ]	[ "Hi, is this a homework question? We allow them here, but it's good to know--that way AH users can help you the best way possible." ]
Does nature produce a wide variety of "color" outside the visible light spectrum?	[ "\"Colour,\" in the sense you're using it, is a thing you perceive in your mind, not a literal thing which exists. Your mind — blah blah optic nerve and other things I'm not qualified to go into detail about — turns light of different energies into \"colour.\" If you took a picture with light outside the visible sp...	[ "It really depends on what you mean by \"see.\" If you mean see with the unaided eye, then no we cannot. If you mean unambiguously detect and visualize, then we can. _URL_0_" ]
Why can't we imagine new colors?	[ "Neon brown? That shit got my brain goin' crazy" ]	[ "Vsauce did an excellent job answering this exact question, if you haven't seen the video. _URL_0_" ]
Is it possible to melt snow (or whatever) with sound?	[ "I was the guy who made that comment on the other post. While technically you could input enough energy to melt snow, the amount of energy contained in sound is very small. Assuming you have 1 g of snow at 0 C, the amount of energy needed to melt that is 334 Joules. The sound from an entire orchestra only amounts t...	[ "It does heat up, very slightly Water in liquid form can hold 3-5 times its capacity, meaning the molecules are somewhat spaced out, And all flowing in the same direction. So while they produce kinetic energy, they don’t produce Heat Energy on their own. Striking your hand does generate a minuscule amount of heat...
Why do dirt roads develop a washboard texture over time?	[ "Snowmobile trails end up the same. Here is a picture I took three years ago. _URL_2_" ]	[ "Sure, and at around the same time as the Great Migration of African Americans. When Henry Ford began offering $5 a day for working in his factories and the midwest economy began to boom,a lot of people in the Appalachians left for good jobs in Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit. One route, Highway 23, was called the Hill...
If any of the planets orbiting stars that we have discovered had lights similar to earth (city lights that can be seen from space) could we see it with our telescopes?	[ "I'm pretty sure we aren't capturing images of these planets but instead know they exist due to the light they block between our view and the sun they are orbiting. The representations of these planets that you see in the media are artist interpretations of what those planets might look like. In reality, NASA has a...	[ "You would percieve it as a partially transparent mirror. It wouldn't help a telescope because spinning it would not make more light hit the mirror, and the reason telescope mirrors are large is to collect more light." ]
How does all the bacteria get in our stomach/intestines?	[ "Don't forget that you are essentially a tube. There is a hole right through you. In many respects the stomach and the intestinal tract are on the 'outside' of your body, which means they are easily exposed to the environment." ]	[ "To piggyback on this. I've always wondered if it all goes through some type of decontamination process of some sort....?" ]
Is it possible to model a face from DNA?	[ "> If a DNA sample is drawn from a crime scene, is it possible (with the use of software) to accurately recreate the face of the offender solely from that? No. The closest you could do is to clone the sample and see the face of the cloned human. That should be pretty similar. It would probably take, say, 18-20 year...	[ "This has been done before, with animals. Here is a video allegedly showing an old Russian experiment done with a dog. It looks real to me, but, then so did The Wizard of Oz. Warning, it might be disturbing and upsetting to watch. _URL_0_" ]
Can other sources of light be concentrated through a magnifying glass to start a fire? Like the light from a flashlight, or from a full moon?	[ "For most cases no. You can only focus light to reach the temperature of the light source. It does not increase to infinity as you focus more light into a smaller area. A light bulb in a flash light is not very hot so you won’t achieve a fire with it. The moon acts as a reflector so the question gets more complic...	[ "Mythbusters did a segment on it, and they found that eye-black coupled with shade from a hat brim made a noticeable difference against glare. Sorry, on phone and I don't know exactly which episode." ]
Is there any physical evidence of Leif Erickson's settlement on North America?	[ "Not to discourage further discussion, but [this previous answer](_URL_1_) to a similar question discusses L'Anse Aux Meadows in Newfoundland, which may answer your immediate question." ]	[ "Also, why him and not Olaf I? Did the memory of Olaf Trygvason fall out of favor in comparison to Olaf Sigurdson?" ]
Why isn't France "America's oldest ally"?	[ "It's arguably not France nor the UK, but Morocco - the [Treaty of Peace and Friendship](_URL_0_) wasn't fully ratified until 1787, but Morocco was the first foreign state to recognize the United States of America (in 1777, before France) and to open its ports to \"American\" trade. It is the longest unbroken treat...	[ "Ha, I wrote a paper on this once. If I had to boil it down to one cause... I would say its the fact that in the US railroad infrastructure is (mostly) owned by private companies, which is fairly unique in the world. The US has the most sophisticated and impressive freight railroad transportation in the world (thin...
why do artists wait for weeks to months after a record is recorded done being produced to release the record to the public?	[ "After recording there's the whole post-production phase where they go through all the recordings and tweak them so it sounds right. Then you have to send it off to get 'mastered', which is where somebody some some deep voodoo to make it sound \"just right\". Then you have to design the packaging, get a million cop...	[ "Simply put, it's easier to tell a 2 hour story than what amounts to an 80 hour story. With a 2 hour movie you spent 20 minutes introducing your characters, build your story a little and then spend 20 minutes ending it. If you've got 65 hours story building, it would feel very cheap to spend 20 minutes on ending it...
Why do women wear make-up and men not?	[ "In the 18th century, there was thing that's come to be called The Great Male Renunciation. Up until that point, men's clothing and appearance was more varied, brilliantly colored, and luxurious. Wealthy men often wore high heels, makeup, wigs, and silks/satins. After the GMR, the neutral colored suit became the...	[ "With things like cosmetics & hygeine products, we've already done an absolute shitload of testing & know which ingredients are safe. There's just not a lot of reason to test a slightly blend of ingredients X, Y & Z when you've already been selling XYZ for 20 years. Not only does it sound good, it saves you a bunch...
Why do Brits tend to speak in participles?	[ "You're referring to the use of present perfect tense/aspect (has/have + Past Participle) vs. simple past tense. There's no hard rule about when to use which, but when teaching English learners, we generally tell them that: Present Perfect is used with for/since, with ever/never, when talking about experiences that...	[ "Ahoy! I'm [Dr Richard Blakemore](_URL_1_) ([@historywomble](_URL_3_) on twitter) from the [University of Reading's History Department](_URL_4_) and I'm excited to join you on the 18th of September for an AMA about [my areas of expertise](_URL_5_) \\- the Stuart and Tudor navies, sailors in the Early Modern period,...
What is the catch behind games that say you can win real cash? Eg. Solitaire Cube	[ "The catch is that you're likely to lose cash instead. When a lot of people play such games, the money accumulates faster than it is lost as an award to the winners. That's how people profit off of it." ]	[ "Online tracking is easy. Whenever you click on an ad, it sets a cookie on your computer that marks you as arriving to that site from the ad. Your each activity on that site is tracked and noted when you make your purchase. Offline is a bit different. Depending on the size and marketing efforts of a company, they m...
Why do lights always flicker when watched from very far away?(like a city on the horizon)	[ "What you are seeing is the disturbance in the air in between you and the light source by wind or heat(convection). The reason this only seems to occur at great distance is because you are looking through a larger portion of the atmosphere at your target, therefore the light has to travel through more turbulence th...	[ "If you can accept my passing knowledge of the matter before someone more qualified shows up, it's in how digital cameras capture images. Rather than capturing a single giant frame like film cameras, they scan a frame progressively, line-by-line. This results in artifacts with fast-moving objects such as plane prop...
What actually happened to the Roman Ninth Legion that "vanished" from present day Scotland in the second century?	[ "It's important to remeber that IX Hispana was always under strength since its near destruction during Boudicca's revolt (Annals 14.29) so that by the campaigns of Agricola, it numbered only 1000 under Lucius Roscius Aelianus (CIL 14, 3612). Because of this it almost saw destruction once again in Caledonia during 8...	[ "Gargatua already gave great answer. I'd like to just give one example of a place where the matter carried by glacier has formed a clearly visible large landmark. In Finland there are three ridges called [I, II and III Salpausselkä ](_URL_12_). They were formed around 12 250–12 050, 11 790–11 590 and 11 300–10 400...
If you charge your credit card, but cancel before the transaction is listed/completed, how does the product provider, or credit card company, recoup the cost?	[ "You’ll still generate a bill. You just no longer have access to the remainder of the open credit." ]	[ "Both of these answers are mainly guesses on my part. For the white label players, the networks aren't as focused on the quality of their video players since they aren't as invested in their working correctly. Hulu and Youtube make money by having an easy video streaming service, whereas networks make money by prov...
How much time has to pass before grave robbing is considered archaeology?	[ "I think they're inherantly different things. Grave robbing is specifically for selling and profiting off of the stuff stolen, while archaeology is specifically for the pursuit of science and knowledge about ancient cultures." ]	[ "You can't assume that they actually did any of it. Poe was never investigated for burying a man alive and the writers of the Halloween series were never investigated for being serial killers. How is a rapper any different?" ]
Why do you stop experiencing nightmares when you grow up?	[ "You don't. You just get scared of more realistic things and when you have nightmares you just sometimes don't recognize them as nightmares because your boogeyman exists in real life." ]	[ "sets of teeth are also different sizes. A child's jaw cannot fit as many teeth of the adult size as an adult's can. So we have smaller teeth as children replaced by larger ones as adults." ]
If smell is actually molecules reaching your nose, how does a dead skunk stink for everyone within a square mile? Also, how can something smell that strongly but be contained within it's body before it sprays/dies?	[ "think of it like a high pressure balloon full of really fine glitter. now pop it in the wind!!!" ]	[ "I'll piggyback: How does a breathalyzer even work? I don't get how the air you exhale from your lungs can relate to the alcohol in your blood/stomach. Always something I've wondered about" ]
Difference between Advertising and Marketing?	[ "Advertising is in charge of creating selling tools. These are anything from mailings, magazine ads, billboards, packaging and commercials. These vary with what a company produces. Marketing is in charge of everything that brings a product to market from initial concept to finak distribution. This may include licen...	[ "Medical specialists get their MD first and then go on to specialize. Dentists and podiatrists skip the MD and go straight to the specialties." ]
Why do we get tanned?	[ "Sunlight has UV rays in it, which can be harmful to your skin. Your body detects this and releases a chemical called melanin to protect yourself. A side effect of this chemical is that it causes your skin to darken." ]	[ "Simple terms, darkness releases melatonin, which helps us fall asleep, and probably to protect our eyes while we sleep." ]
The housing market. Why is it broken and what happened for it to get that way?	[ "It's not broken... Prices are rising because people can get housing loans to buy houses with, and prices are rising because as the population grows, there will be higher demand for houses. It's not broken Is it a bubble? Yes it is, lots of thnigs are bubbles, will it burst? Well it will, all bubbles do." ]	[ "If you have a spare afternoon or two I'd check out these two Khan Academy playlists on the [Credit Crisis](_URL_2_) and the [Paulson Bailout](_URL_0_), and if you want to learn more about how banks work check out this [Banking and Money](_URL_1_) playlist as well; there's a few others on finance and credit as well...
When a lightning strikes the ocean, how far should a person in the water be from it, to avoid being electrocuted to death?	[ "Just a fun fact... \"Electrocuted\" means \"to death\": _URL_0_" ]	[ "Incidentally, this is the problem that _URL_0_ is trying to solve. Here is the map of the overall plan: _URL_1_ There is enough solar energy in the Sahara desert in 6 hours to power the entire world in 1 year. From the Sahara, they plan on connecting Europe with underwater high voltage direct current lines. The p...
Citizen Kane is such a big deal in film.	[ "It's considered big in part because Welles was an innovative cinematographer that really used camera angles in new ways and to give the movie depth. It was also fairly controversial in that it was based on William Randolph Hearst, who owned like half the papers in the country at the time." ]	[ "hi! not discouraging further discussion here, but fyi, this question has come up a few times, so check out previous responses here: * [What was so great about the Mona Lisa?](_URL_1_) * [Why is the Mona Lisa so famous?](_URL_0_) if you have followup questions on locked posts, ask them here & include the user's use...
The U.S. debt ceiling, how it can just be raised willy nilly and how if it's not, what would happen?	[ "The US Debt Ceiling is one of the dumber (which is saying something) aspects of the US Government's Finances. Basically, the US is the only country in the developed world that places a limitation on how much money its government can borrow. In any other country the government borrows as much as it needs to pay its...	[ "You have a lemonade stand. You sell it for 50 cents a cup. One day you find out it's going to be very hot outside and people are going to want more lemonade. You figure you can get away with selling it for a little more since the demand is there. So you start charging 80 cents. You notice that the number of people...
Why does bread come in unsealed bags?	[ "Most bread requires a tiny amount of ventilation to reduce the chance of it becoming soggy and gross, as the interior moisture gradually spreads out." ]	[ "They don't. It's a marketing ~~lie~~ gimmick. I used to work for a company that did a similar thing by mail. New customers were supposed to sign up by a certain time for special rates but as a specific matter of policy we'd give those rates to anyone who mailed back the special offer." ]
When creating yoghurt, recipes call for the starting temperature to be 110-115F. Will a lower starting temperature impact the outcome?	[ "I've been making cheese, yogurt, kombucha, lacto pickles, beer, and a number of other bacteria related food for years and I'm not saying I'm a professional or anything, but I have some experience here. What I've found is that the holding temp is more important then the starting temp. As long as you're not going to...	[ "For lithium ion batteries I as far as I know it is the opposite. . \"40 80 rule\" meaning when u get your device it starts out at 40.. charge to 80, then unplug and let drop to 40. Lithium stays cool that way and retains the most charge. 0 to 100 once a month is good for calibration.. nickel based batteries howeve...
Why does it take so.long for athletes to recover from.one game?	[ "Sports are incredibly taxing on the body. For instance, in basketball, you run up and down a court for 30 minutes, while alternating between jogging, sprinting, cutting, jumping, and breaking down to defend your opponent. All of this is not only exhausting, but destructive too. You're bones, muscles, ligaments, t...	[ "This comes from Malcolm Gladwell. He is a pop psych writer and no one should listen to him. The [10,000 hour deal has been debunked](_URL_0_) in a study." ]
What are the risks when I don't take a shower after sex?	[ "I think the natural yeast in vaginas can make your skin itchy." ]	[ "Basically, the nukes we dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were very small nukes (compared to what we have at our disposal today) and, while they DID cause radioactive fallout, they caused a (relatively) small amount of it, and it is no longer dangerous to live there - but it WAS dangerous for many years after the ...
Is agriculture considered to be a form of mutualism?	[ "Agriculture wouldn't be considered a form of mutualism or commensalism because it is not a type of symbiosis. Symbiosis requires one organism living in or on another one, or at least in extremely close proximity all the time. Not all things that live in relative harmony with one another are symbiotic (neither are ...	[ "Before I answer, may I ask who the speaker is for this particular lecture? Or if you have a link for me to listen to? I would like to know where they are coming from in their argument." ]
How come I can only see stars and other small lights in my peripheral vision?	[ "The periphery of the [retina](_URL_0_) is more sensitive to dim light than the center. The center has more cones, which give you color vision but are not as good at detecting light as rods. There are more rods on the periphery." ]	[ "Through exposure. Put a camera in a dark room and take a long exposure picture. They do the same thing for seeing things far away in space. The reason it takes satellites so long to get a picture is because they have been taking a long exposure shot the entire time." ]
How were aerial shots in movies filmed before drones were around?	[ "/r/FuckImOld Basically you take a drone, and make it really really big. Then instead of using an iphone/remote control, the controls are in the drone. You're going to be inside the drone, but you have to focus on controlling it, so you'll have to make you buddy come on board to operate the camera" ]	[ "Hollywood movies all used to have songs in them too. If you have Netflix you should watch some old movies. I'd suggest Beach Blanket Bingo, any of the Dean Martin, Bing Crosby or Elvis Presley movies. (Not because they are particularly outstanding, but because they give you an introduction to some history of the m...
Why do folks fighting to preserve civil liberties often look to County Sheriffs as potential defenders, but not really other law enforcement agencies?	[ "Because, in most areas, the county sheriff is the only popularly elected law enforcement official. He's answerable directly to the voters. All other law enforcement officials are appointed by other public officials." ]	[ "Part of it is monetary and the cell phone providers wanting to make more money, but it's also a matter of bandwidth. Cell towers have a limited amount of airwaves that they can send data over, which are limited by their ability to discretely send a concept via a wave and still have it understood by the receiver: _...
Why do drinks manufacturers warn against re-using plastic bottles?	[ "My understanding is that the plastic is much more porous than a glass alternative, which allows a much greater concentration of bacteria to thrive in the container. Because the holes are so small, conventional dish soap may not be able to get out all the bacterium, viruses, prions, toxins, or whatever else can har...	[ "Your question reminded me of this frikkin awesome documentary of about planned obsolescence. [Video snippet](_URL_0_), and the whole documentary, I can't find... but Im sure someone else may be able to. ELI5 version: Because companies want you to keep them in business." ]
What is the difference between a good and an outstanding music instrument?	[ "For science, set up some really sensitive microphones around a room, and have a simple machine that does the \"Sound making action.\" If you switch out the instruments, you'll be able to hear the differences and even observe the wave forms using some cool software. The difference between a shitty instrument and a ...	[ "With a thermometer, humans can notice very small changes :-) But if you are asking about what can we notice using our senses, it's not possible to answer that. Here's the problem, humans don't sense temperature, we sense heat flow. You have an insulating object (a piece of wood) and a conducting object (a piece of...
Why are condoms not regulated like the Pill?	[ "Because condoms don't fuck with your body's hormones and chemistry. The pill is a carefully concocted batch of hormones that tricks a woman's body into thinking it is pregnant all the time. Thus ovulation never occurs and the threat of pregnancy is (virtually) zero. That exact batch of hormones varies from woman...	[ "Becsuse all tux's basically look the same, just different sizes and are a basic loose fit. Easy for many men to wear the same thing. But theres a bajillion styles of wedding dresses and different styles for different shapes and they're usually fitted. Odds of finding a generic sized dress in a style you like that ...
What is the difference between a computer sleeping and hibernating?	[ "Sleep: the computer is still \"on\" but in a low-power state so that it can resume normal operation within a few seconds. Usually you'll just wiggle the mouse or press a key, and by the time your screen warms up the computer is good to go. Hibernate: the computer is \"off\" but saves its working state to the hard ...	[ "Some connectors (such as headphone jacks) have an actual switch inside the jack that gets pressed when a cable is plugged in. HDMI doesn't. HDMI has two pins called the [Display Data Channel](_URL_0_ that allows the computer to get \"side\" information like how big the monitor is, what resolutions it can support, ...
What am I seeing here? [Explanation Inside]	[ "The patterns are probably caused by radials buried underground. These are metal wires that are used to create a better ground plane for the antenna. There is some power dissipated in these but I don't think there is enough energy to heat the ground significantly." ]	[ "Fuck the downvotes, this blew my mind. I have no idea how this happens." ]
how exactly is pi calculated?	[ "The old method that Archimedes used was to find upper and lower bounds based on polygons. You can inscribe, say, a decagon in a circle and calculate its perimeter. Then you can circumscribe a decagon outside a circle and calculate its perimeter. The circle’s circumference falls somewhere in between. You can increa...	[ "Penn & Teller: Bullshit! did a show on this, its very worth a watch, they break it down quite well and understandable. [Link to the full episode](_URL_0_) on youtube. Warning, NSFW language and boobies in like the first 2 seconds, because its Penn & Teller and thats what they do" ]
Why the surface on PS1 disc were black while CDs and eventually DVDs at the time had reflective surfaces	[ "Disc color is mostly cosmetic (hence why some CDs are gold) and technically, they were clear purple and the labels made them look black. Some early PS2 games that came on CDs were blue instead of silver. It made it much easier to tell counterfeits from the real deal. CDs were far easier to pirate than cartridges (...	[ "This question is a perennial favorite on online physics forums; for example, [this StackExchange](_URL_0_) asks whether a hard disk is heavier when full. The standard answer seems to be \"yes\", once you've chosen what it means to be \"empty\" versus \"full\". Suppose you start with a hard disk that is initialized...
Can some one please explain why time effectively 'slows down' as you travel closer and closer to C?	[ "The example usually given is imagine two mirrors on opposing sides inside a box, and you bounce a particle of light between them. It takes said particle a fixed amount of time to ping between the two mirrors because the speed of light is fixed(See EEP). If you were to run with the box, the particle would have a gr...	[ "Have some friends stretch a sheet taut and hold it parallel to the floor. This represents spacetime. Place something small on the sheet between center and edge - a sheet of paper crumpled into a ball. Note that the paper does not move. This is your stationary object. Now place something larger and heavier in the m...
How can someone sell a product on amazon cheaper than the website of the company that makes it?	[ "Assuming you're not talking about second-hand or refurbished items: It's not that the seller on Amazon sells it cheaper, it's that the company sells it more expensively on their site. Companies usually don't sell their products directly to the customer - they have retailers for that. Presenting the product at a bi...	[ "Because taxes are complicated, and not all taxes relate to \"commerce\". For example, you pay taxes based on how much you make. But if you do something like donate to charity you have to pay less taxes. If you have an additional child you may end up paying less in taxes. If you get divorced you may have to pay les...
Why is one planet named after a Greek god and the others after roman gods?	[ "Uranus was the first planet to be discovered in modern times, by Sir William Herschel in 1781. He was kind of a suck up, and named it George's Star, after the King of England. Needless to say, the name was not very popular outside of the UK, and the planet was called by various names in the decades that followed. ...	[ "The languages you are talking about are the Indo-European languages. Almost all languages in Europe are part of this language family. The original language that all of these descended from (Proto-Indo-European) had gendered words like that, so almost all of the languages that came from it also have it. Originally,...
Did the Vikings cause a big change in how the Anglo-Saxons viewed paganism?	[ "Follow-up question: how likely is it that there were still some pagans left in the British Isles in 793?" ]	[ "Is this a homework question? It says in our [rules](_URL_0_): Our users aren't here to do your homework for you, but they might be willing to help. Remember: AskHistorians helps those who help themselves. Don't just give us your essay/assignment topic and ask us for ideas. Do some research of your own, then come t...

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