Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
Why does this flame look segmented?	[ "They're called shock diamonds i believe, and they occur at super-sonic speeds." ]	[ "While there are still a lot of unpopped kernels and only a few already popped, the energy is absorbed by the unpopped kernels. It is only until a few unpopped kernels are left, that the already popped kernels start to absorb energy and get burnt. Copy pasted my top answer from: _URL_0_" ]
Why has the Canadian dollar dropped so low?	[ "AFAIK, it's oil. We provide america with most of its oil, so we depend on them buying oil from us. Saudi Arabia however is selling a lot more oil now, and they are doing it a lot cheaper. Since the Saudi Arabian oil is cheaper, Canada is getting less business. As a result the dollar is really, really low. TL;DR w...	[ "The business cycle. This is just how capitalism works--it goes from boom to bust and back. Actual hard answers are complicated bits of economics that are beyond an ELI5." ]
How do mirrors reflect light from a quantum perspective?	[ "[Here is a nice explanation](_URL_0_) from r/askscience. tl;dr: From a particle perspective, we add up all of the possible paths the photon can take, and they almost all cancel out, leaving only the angle that obeys the law of reflection. From a wave perspective, the surface acts like a [diffraction grating](_URL_...	[ "It can and does. Check out the double-slit experiment. _URL_0_" ]
Why does the human body seem to be such an efficient engine?	[ "In nutrition, one Calorie (note the capital 'C'), is actually 1,000 calories (lower-case 'c', ~ 4.2 joules). So your 2,000 Calorie diet is actually 2 million calories, or approximately 8.4 megajoules." ]	[ "Evolution has shaped our preferences to help us survive and thrive, in the lifestyle our ancestors had for thousands of years, which is a farming or hunter/gatherer lifestyle. The desire to conserve energy, and only use it for the physically challenging tasks you had to do, was a good adaptation." ]
If large amounts of material in orbit created bodies such as our moon and all planets orbiting our sun, why won't the man-made 'space debris' orbiting earth also coalesce into a ball?	[ "First of all, most bodies that are greater than about 300 km in diameter will become spherical due to the gravitational forces of that amount of mass. And that's a significant amount of mass (~ 14 * 10^15 tons), far more than is currently orbiting the Earth." ]	[ "For the same reason that balls bounce in general. When you drop a ball without any spin on it, it begins to compress when it hits the ground. It eventually ends up compressed enough that the momentum of the drop is canceled out, at which point it begins to decompress, causing it to rebound upward. Well, when you...
Was Joseph McCarthy as 'crazy' as he is made out to be?	[ "This has been asked a few times, but there's never been, as far as I can tell, a comprehensive and well-sourced answer. So, I encourage people to provide one. That said, there have been _good_ answers. Here's [one](_URL_1_) with some good debate about what McCarthy got right or wrong, and [another](_URL_0_) that ...	[ "I have a question for you. Do you want the version that is super, super long and includes a write-up on what actually went down at Munich, and the subsequent responses back and forth? Or do you want the shorter version that only talks about media coverage of the incident and how it changed things?" ]
why are there two high tides in a 24h period when the earth rotates once?	[ "Because the tides are high when the moon is directly above, or directly on the other side of the world, and lowest when it's 90 degrees to that. This [image](_URL_0_) might help. Obviously, you have the moon overhead once per day, and opposite once per day." ]	[ "From the exact same XKCD article that you linked: > (Climates can be hard to predict—for example, in our world, Somalia and French Guiana both sit on the equator, at the eastern coast of a continent, and seem like they should both receive a tropical sea breeze. But coastal French Guiana is dense rain forest while...
I saw on Pawn Stars that 95% of the money printed each year is to replace damaged or destroyed bills. How does the treasury know how many bills are damaged? What happens to the people that hold the damaged bills?	[ "Banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System regularly deposit their cash in the regional Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve Banks can exchange notes that shouldn't be recirculated for new ones. The Federal Reserve Board has the authority to order from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (part of t...	[ "The remainder is sold off for low prices and then if they don't sell in time they are crushed and put into a landfill." ]
What is the oldest sports franchise in North America, as well as the entire world?	[ "I don't know about world wide, but [The Philadelphia Phillies](_URL_0_) are the oldest continuous, one-name, one-city franchise in all of professional American sports, dating to 1883." ]	[ "Just as a follow-up question - with this sort of topic, is it possible to give a really solid answer if there is no source that says \"there is no evidence of this?\" This isn't my field at all, so I'm really curious about how this sort of question is answered. Is a better response one that examines where such a s...
Month names "September", "October", "November" and "December" clearly lead back to the Latin numbers 7, 8, 9 and 10. How come they're the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th months then? What happened?	[ "The Roman Calendar had 10 months with only 304 days. The extra 61 days were in the winter and weren't assigned to any month. January and February were tacked on to the beginning for the Julian Calendar in 45 BCE and those three names stuck. However, the fifth and sixth months of the Roman Calendar were...	[ "> Why? What are the arguments for each possible \"starting point\", and is one of the options \"more correct\"? Jefferson's Democratic-Republican party \"won\". Hamilton's Federalist Party died out. Factions developed in the Democratic-Republican party in 1824. The Jackson faction was what ended up becoming today...
Is there a difference between the capabilities of the human mind and a Turing machine?	[ "What evidence do you have that humans can solve the halting problem? There are turing machines with 5 states whose haltingness given a blank tape is still an open problem. As far as I can tell, the majority of arguments for human superiority to TMs is touchy feely." ]	[ "Let's say you have a 7 lane interstate. At each end there is a toll booth. In the past payments were processed manually and there was a receipt that had to print, but the printers were slow. Only do much traffic could get through. Fast forward to the future where you pay with the touch of a button and get an insta...
What did the "Rag-and-bone man" do with the bones?	[ "Sold them to someone who would use them for raw materials; for example, buttons were sometimes made of bones before the invention of plastic. Bone can be charred to make a black pigment, among [other uses](_URL_0_). Bones can also be ground up to make fertilisers, being rich in calcium and phosphorus." ]	[ "With trepidation, I will try my first posting of an image - one suitable for this question. This is [John Piper's Old Corner Bar](_URL_0_) in Virginia City, Nevada in late 1860, illustrated by Grafton Brown, an African American Artist who produced a Bird's Eye View of the town (with businesses illustrated around p...
What are the origins of coastal Asian cultures?	[ "It would help a lot if you could answer a few questions: 1) Which countries do you mean by \"coastal Asia?' A majority of Asian countries have a coastline. 2) Are you primarily interested in the history, the languages, or the culture?" ]	[ "Your question presupposes that the behavior of pinching cheeks is an evolved behavior. Have you considered it might be a culturally learned behavior?" ]
Why do so many people dislike foods such as fish that have been eaten all throughout human evolution?	[ "In relation to fish and fish only: As a pretty experienced cook I can tell you that in the case of the most fussy eaters - if you lie about what's in it, they will happily eat it. I don't recommend that, but it is proof that it's just some personal bullcrap in their heads. There are some folk who genuinely don't l...	[ "Neural adaption. Basically, your brain only cares about a change in stimuli rather than every stimulus that comes along. Your brain knows how to ignore a stimulus if it isn't changing. So, if you are tasting/feeling the same thing all the time, your brain is going to ignore it." ]
Why are helicopters louder as they approach you, than as they leave?	[ "The recognizable \"whop whop whop\" sound of a helicopter is caused the one blade of the helicopter slamming into the turbulent \"wake\" of the preceding blade. (Note this only happens hen the helicopter is travelling forward, not when it's hovering.) Even though the blades themselves are travelling at subsonic sp...	[ "In a permanent-magnet DC generator, the output voltage is determined by the RPM, and the RPM is relative rotation between rotor and stator. So, if you spin the rotor at 100RPM, but spin the entire housing backwards at 200RPM, then the relative speed between the two is 100+200 = 300. And so the output voltage wil...
How can H-1 or H-2 go through radioactive decay if they only have 2 neutrons?	[ "To add to the answer from /u/RobusEtCeleritas ... when ^3 H undergoes radioactive decay it gives off a Beta particle (essentially an electron)^*. It now has two protons (and one remaing neutron) in its nucleus and is no longer ^3 H but is ^3 He - a Helium atom. It still has three things in it's nucleus but one cha...	[ "> because each flavor has a different mass The flavors don’t have well-defined masses. There are three mass eigenstates and three flavor eigenstates. But a neutrino or a given mass is a superposition of all three flavors, and a neutrino of a given flavor is a superposition of all three masses. If the flavors had ...
Why do trains and ships use a diesel engine to run an electric motor? Why don't they just use the engine directly connected to the transmission like cars and trucks ?	[ "An engine is only at its peak efficiency in a very narrow band of RPMs. Cars and trucks have to use transmissions to try and keep their engine running as close to peak efficiency as possible, but it still results in a fairly inefficient system because balances must be made between peak power and peak fuel efficien...	[ "Erosion is one factor, but energy would be dissipated in the turbulence of the water, heat generated by the friction in the water and also more evaporation. Greater evaporation transports more energy in the heat of enthalpy. Have a look at the tail race of a hydro plant. It is very smooth and calm water. If the wa...
Is the Kepler Telescope potentially missing a large number of exoplanets?	[ "Yes, absolutely. The fact that it's found so many planets even with this restriction is used to help estimate the frequency of planets in the galaxy." ]	[ "Based on how much we have learned about Pluto: Is there something you regret about the design of New Horizon now? Which additional instrument would have been the most useful addition?" ]
Why do vitamins have a percentage of daily value in the thousands? Ex. 1000mg of Vitamin C is 1,666%. Aren't we wasting most of it?	[ "They don't stay in your system for just a day, but probably not for over 16 days. Also, those are just recommended daily values, your body may benefit from having more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin C." ]	[ "Have you ever loaded a 4K UHD YouTube video on a 1080p device? Well, 3840x2160 has exactly 4x the amount of pixels as 1920x1080, so what happens is that every 4 pixels (imagine a 2x2 square) gets made into 1 pixel, the color of that pixel is the average color of all 4 pixels. Photos are more difficult as they ha...
How are they able to have so many things in Scribblenauts?	[ "It's just a lot of case select or if then statements. Where some developers focus on rendering each person's last nose hairs, the Scribblenauts devs focus on breadth of items available." ]	[ "I've always wondered this too. I know for sure they get money from the ads on their page because of the amount of viewers coming in each day. I've also heard that its by the number of views per video or total subscribers. That I'm not to sure about tho." ]
how do the magic milk bottles work?	[ "Milk goes into the cap. The bottle only has a small amount of \"milk\" pressed between a two-part bottle." ]	[ "That is what they are adapted to do. It is like asking how fish can swim all the time or how whales can hold their breath for so long. The stress of being used for what they do isn't something difficult for nipples to do." ]
How a website like craigslist still exists after there have been many murders related to it?	[ "Even more murders have been related to the telephone, and yet those are still around. Just because there's a very small subset of people who misuse something, that doesn't mean that the whole needs to be shut down." ]	[ "The people don't make money off the adds themselves. They make money when say your typical 70 year old grandma or 5 year old kid click on the ad and download (and install) the program. Once installed these programs take all kinds of personal information (including credit card numbers) and can actually take control...
Why do people enjoy horror movies/tv shows/games/etc.?	[ "They enjoy the adrenaline rush that it gives them." ]	[ "I read an article a somewhere that said it was do the the \"roughness\" or randomness of the noise. As the fingers nails catch and slip it produces random variances in the amplitude and frequency of the noise. Our brains find the signal unpredictable and that somehow causes it the view it as a danger. There are a...
What lies behind the military success of the Ottoman Empire in the period from the 1400s to the 1600s, and would they have fared equally well against western European powers?	[ "A search brought up [this](_URL_0_) post, which mentions the importance of gunpowder and speaks of \"superiority of Ottoman weaponry\". Could someone elaborate on that? How advanced were the Ottomans in the field of weaponry, how big of a role did that play and why did it not matter at later lost battles like Vien...	[ "Hi, I've approved the post, but just a note to you and potential respondents: this subreddit has a 20-year rule against discussing current events, so any answers will have to cut off at 1997. If you're looking for answers that can include 1998-2012, do consider x-posting elsewhere, eg. a foreign affairs sub like /...
What decides whether something will release Alpha, Beta, or Gamma radiation?	[ "Type of radiation is determined by the material that emits it. Gamma radiation is electomagnetic radiation, like radio waves, microwave, x-rays, gamma rays... they are typically formed when a charge (electron) is accelerated or decelerated or moved in a circular path (which is an acceleration btw). It can also be ...	[ "In short, chemistry! For a longer answer... There are a lot of standard chemical 'building blocks' and standard methods for attaching them. That's pretty much the nature of chemistry. You can see [three different lab syntheses of melatonin here](_URL_0_). So how do you know that what you've made is actually melato...
What does sunlight consist of, and why do some parts pass through windows while other parts don't?	[ "Sunlight and heat are (in simple terms, heat is complex) both electromagnetic radiation. They just have different frequencies (the rate at which the wave repeats itself, think of it like the number of waves in a given stretch of ocean). UV light (higher frequency) causes sun burn. It’s blocked by special glazing ...	[ "Vitamins are chemicals. Touch salt water. You've touched salt dissoved in water. Touch lemon juice, you've just touched vitamin C dissolved in water. Alot of other vitamins are water soluble." ]
How does shaving cream work?	[ "It softens up your hair making it easier to shave and moisturizes your skin which should minimize razor burn." ]	[ "I think it is the same company that makes beer and from what I've heard, it was started to end arguments in the pub." ]
The Gallic armies that Caesar faced are frequently depicted as an impetuous, shirtless mass of warriors whose immense individual fighting prowess was dragged down by their poor discipline, light armor, and poor military theory. How accurate is this image? How was a Gallic warhost organized?	[ "Follow up - why was their individual fighting prowess so great? If they lacked a competent commander or training how did they become such fearsome warriors?" ]	[ "The Ancient Romans certainly recognised being extremely overweight as unhealthy. As an example let's look at the Roman physican and philospher Galen; who was actually one of the earlist to record and treat clinical cases of morbid obesity. He classified overweight individuals as being either pachis (fat), efsar...
What happens to the bacteria and germs on a surface when you spray it with disinfectant?	[ "It depends on the disinfectant. There are lots of ways to kill bacteria. Some agents simply dessicate them (dry them out too much to live). Others disintegrate their cell walls. Others disrupt their metabolic activities. But the end result is a bunch of dead bacterial debris that no longer has any infectious power...	[ "Its all CYOA. The company making the product can't advertise that it kills 100% bacertia. This is because of human error. If someone uses their product the wrong way, and gets sick, they can sue the manufacturer for false advertising, and in this society, they stupid person would probably win. Same thing with The...
Is it possible that the space is also quantized?	[ "It's possible, but we have no reason to believe that it is. If it were there would be some problems, for example, a discrete spacetime violates Lorentz symmetry." ]	[ "I encourage you to read David Deutsch's book The Fabric of Reality. The chapter on what time is (and isn't) will likely help you think about these things. It's worth the effort to read the book. (It is written for non-specialists who are willing to think.) Deutsch, by the way, is a theoretical physicist who has ...
What's happening with our senses and brain when we're on psychedelics?	[ "Why inst this answered yet? I really would like some info on this" ]	[ "As your velocity with respect to an object increases, the object is physically contracted in your frame of reference, but it doesn't appear to be contracted. This, which might seem counterintuitive, is ultimately because in addition to length contraction, light from different points of the object arrive at you...
Why are all the contestants in Hell's Kitchen seemingly so terrible at cooking?	[ "Because the people on reality shows are not chosen for their talent, they are chosen for their ability to create drama. And if these people failed to create adequate amounts of drama, some drama will be created, either by selective editing of the footage, or by the producers secretly sabotaging people so they get ...	[ "What I've learned from the Swedish curling commentator for the olympics and a former championship curler [Anette Norberg](_URL_1_) (7 European Championship golds, 3 World Championship golds and 2 Olympic golds): Most shots aren't that powerful but when it comes to [\"takout shots\"](_URL_0_) when you remove stones...
Is George Lucas a historical figure, or is he a myth created by Sith Lords?	[ "Most modern scholars agree that George Lucas was a historical figure who, despite following the Light side of the Force, ended up furthering the Sith's goal to destroy the legacy of the Jedi. Despite the Jedi and the Rebel Alliance's rapid success and expansion decades prior to his reemergence, George Lucas' retu...	[ "This has been asked a few times, but there's never been, as far as I can tell, a comprehensive and well-sourced answer. So, I encourage people to provide one. That said, there have been _good_ answers. Here's [one](_URL_1_) with some good debate about what McCarthy got right or wrong, and [another](_URL_0_) that ...
Why people need mental stimulation to orgasm?	[ "Would you want to have sex with something you find unattractive? There's a reason you find it unattractive. The person doesn't fit your mental model of an ideal mate. Also, stress hormones can affect the ability tonorgasm as well, which is why ED is a common side effect of people under a lot of stress." ]	[ "Recent studies show a link to [dopamine](_URL_1_) which is a brain chemical." ]
What happen during microphone feedback ?	[ "I'll try an ELI5. Sound goes into the mic, sound gets amplified, sound comes out of the loudspeaker, the mic pics up that sound again from the speaker, and amplifies it again-in a loop. There is a slight delay in the electronics, and then a longer delay (speed of sound) in the time the sound goes from the speaker ...	[ "It would reflect off the mirror forever. However, there's no such thing as a perfect mirror, so you couldn't actually do this." ]
As a person gets fitter, are they better or worse at burning calories than a fatter/less fit person?	[ "Fat doesn't burn calories, muscles do. So when a fit and unfit person of the same weight do the same exercice, the fit person will burn more calories." ]	[ "There are several contributors to this effect. First, oil has a higher specific heat than air. The average specific heat of a continuous medium (air, vegetable oil, etc) is what we use to describe the amount of energy it takes to raise that medium's temperature compared to a different medium. Air in an oven might...
Chemistry: Combustion with a different Gas other than Oxygen?	[ "You can oxidize things with gases other than oxygen, if that's what you mean by burn. The 'flame' won't always be visible either. Flames are just carbon glowing via heat, so generally a self-perpetuating exothermic reaction with a hydrocarbon will make a flame. You can see CH4 + F2 here: _URL_2_ Also, you can oxi...	[ "In the sense that an anesthetic is defined as \"a substance that reduces sensitivity to pain\", I think you can say that it can be used that way. Unlike normal anesthetics, CO2 would be producing this effect by causing loss of consciousness followed shortly by brain damage and eventually death." ]
Why does Arizona state primary election results not fit any polling data anywhere?	[ "There was a professional poller on CSPAN the other day. He said no matter how large the poll is, no matter how many people you get responses from, the polls do not represent most of the population. The reason is: 95% (his number) of the population WILL NOT TAKE A POLL. He said he'd been trying his entire life to g...	[ "Primarily, poor marketing. Most people who would have seen it, myself included, had no idea it was actually a cool movie. They didn't give enough of an idea of what the movie REALLY was. It also wasn't a well known comic book at the time, and so not showing off the movie that way hurt the audience it could have ha...
US withdrawal of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) deal	[ "Can someone also explain why/when there seems to be a general shift in the prevailing opinion on reddit of \"TPP bad\" to \"TPP good?\" If I recall correctly, one of the biggest oppositions to TPP was because of the implications to Intellectual Property laws - is that no longer a concern, or is there an element of...	[ "Peter Hopkirk has probably written more about this than any other generally available scholar. His books are accessible and interesting, and he's researched the heck out of the Great Game. I would highly recommend them. * Foreign Devils on the Silk Road: The Search for the Lost Cities and Treasures of Chinese Cen...
Why does everything go blurry after staring at nothing for a bit?	[ "You answered the question yourself. Your eyes are going out of focus because you aren't trying to focus anymore on whatever spot you were previously looking at until you try to focus again. For a little more detail, you use muscles to bend your lens to focus on closer or further things. Using muscles becomes tirin...	[ "It's called [mind-wandering](_URL_0_). It's long been thought that the [default mode network](_URL_1_) is what drives this. This network refers to a number of regions in the brain which show greater activity when people are not engaged in any active task (or are engaged in an easier relative to harder task). The i...
How do orchestras know how a song should sound the first time they're playing it?	[ "Do you know what the word \"omniferous\" means? It means \"bearing many things\". Have you ever seen or heard that word before? I'm going to assume you haven't. Do you know how to say it? Even though you've never heard it pronounced? Of course you do. They know how to read music, just like you know how to read let...	[ "One explanation of possibly many: Some artists, rather than choosing to have the video taken down, will instead offer the option of keeping the video up on youtube for two reasons. Youtube has a system of revenue share where once the copyright has been determined to belong to an artist, the artist can actually cla...
How did red and white checkered tablecloths become associated with Italian restaurants?	[ "These types of tablecloths are fairly prevalent in British Cafe's, although usually made of plastic. Barring any relation to Italian culture specifically, the cloth that you are referring to is known as 'Gingham' and was originally two separate fabrics of different colours woven together, as opposed to dyed after...	[ "depends on your measuring stick. people did what was best for them given the amount of natural resources, environment, etc around them. for example, maybe europeans had guns, but tomatoes originated in central america. where would you be without tomatoes? guns have little to no effect on your life, but i bet youv...
What causes the Sun to make our skin brown?	[ "Biologist here! Its a protection method by our body. As the UV radiation reaches the lower levels of our skin, it tickles melanocytes, cells that basically act like photoreceptors They detect the radiation and release Melanin, a pigment that browns our skin, making it harder for UV radiation to penetrate into th...	[ "Looking at something exercises the rod and cone cells in the back of your eyeballs which then send the signal down your optic nerves to allow your brain to process the information. If the subject is very bright, then your rod and cone cells get overworked and start to become less sensitive to whatever type of ligh...
What does brain activity look like for people with ADHD?	[ "Around a year ago, there was a research done about this. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rfMRI),researchers have uncovered disrupted connections between different brain areas in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The team found that the boys with ADHD ...	[ "Warning: anecdotal evidence ahead. I'd consider myself mathematically minded (studied Math and CS in college, currently working as a software engineer), and this is definitely true for me. I'm pretty terrible at remembering (and sometimes even understanding) song lyrics, but I'll often be in a bar or other noisy e...
Why hasn't evolution resulted in mass convergence?	[ "Don't get the idea that just because a tiger eats a deer, the tiger is better off than the deer. There are a lot more deer than tigers out there (and this goes for most predator-prey relationships). They have different ways of achive the goal of reproduction, but one isn't intrinsically better than the other. You ...	[ "Well, they have societies of sorts, but none of them are really aware of it. And human-like intellect would require a human size brain (or at least a pretty big one). And arthropods (at least on land) are severely restricted in size. Their exoskeleton structure can only hold so much. And I believe that most of th...
When dentists take X-rays of your mouth, howcome they give you a blanket that blocks your body from the radiation, but they don't give you a skullcap to block your brain?	[ "They cannot very well block your brain when pushing x-rays through your mouth, but it isn't really important. The radiation isn't really that dangerous and the blanket for your body is more of a precaution than anything. Also radiation is more of a danger for quickly dividing cells in your body such as the bone ma...	[ "_URL_0_ Link to similar ELI5 about a year ago TL;DR You cant remember because the part of the brain that controls short term memory is one of the first that shut down" ]
Why does Vimeo have significantly less content than Youtube, but seems to be much higher quality?	[ "Vimeo is intended for artistic videos and things of that nature (their bitrate is also noticeably better). If you just look at the site you can tell that it isn't optimized for the consumer as well as YouTube is. I believe Vimeo charges you if you want to upload in 1080p or higher resolution. Vimeo also has a pr...	[ "Depends on the country. Some countries have laws in place that ensure equal service for all providers using the same network, i.e. the network owner aren't allowed to diminish the service in any way for providers who \"rent\" their network. As for your particular example, they're both owned by the same corporation...
what are sugar sores	[ "Not a sugar sore just an inflammation of a taste bub on your tongue however they are harmless and go away on their own - _URL_0_" ]	[ "It is a label telling you which orchard or fruit company processed the fruit. It is put on by a [sticker machine](_URL_0_) that is a wheel of vacuums holding the sticker and just waiting for a fruit to run into it." ]
why is electricity something that needs to be conserved?	[ "Well, it's not an unlimited resource. Most likely a very small amount of your electricity comes from wind, hydro, solar, etc. These things are relatively new and require tremendous investment to produce meaningful amounts of energy. The vast majority of electricity in the US comes from coal and natural gas, which...	[ "Imagine a water pipe. If you're the only person using it you get full pressure. The more connections to that pipe the weaker the pressure." ]
Why is it not in America's and Israel's interest that Palestine become an independent state?	[ "Palestine will gain access to international courts, and much of Israel's activities would be deemed illegal. With strictly defined borders, Israel would be unable to continue to encroach territory, and keep pushing settlements further out. A united Palestine gives the people something to rally behind. Every tim...	[ "Greetings everyone. In the few minutes this sub has been up, it's attracting sub-standard responses. Just a reminder of a few of the rules: * no responses covering events/conditions post-1994, per this sub's \"20-year rule\" prohibiting discussion of current events * no anecdotes * no speculation OP: your question...
what happens to you after you sign a 4 or 6 year contract in the armed forces and then you immediately get discharged? Whether it be disciplinary or medical.	[ "With a medical discharge, nothing negative. Other than of course you have some kind of long term medical disability or else they would not have discharged you. If it happened as part of your service you will probably get some kind of disability payment. A discharge for disciplinary reasons is either a general or a...	[ "Depends on the material and temperature. Sometimes the surface forms a reconstruction, as dreykevins explains. Other times the surface forms an oxide or some other surface layer, which can prevent recombination. Other times the pieces actually CAN be put back together, and this process is called \"cold welding\". ...
How many elements could there be that we don't know about? And why aren't they present to us now?	[ "Any element after Uranium on the periodic table must be artificially created. Whenever someone 'discovers' a new element, it's because they made it." ]	[ "Watch this video by Veritasium: _URL_1_ I think it answers your questions." ]
What if anything are the police not allowed to lie to you about?	[ "Things They May Not Lie About: 1. If and why you're being held under suspicion (detained) 2. If and why you're being accused of a crime (arrested) 3. What your rights are in these situations (Miranda rights) 4. That something illegal is actually legal (form of entrapment) 5. Evidence found (this one is tricky, the...	[ "They would have to tell us what they were telling us. They'd have to start by demonstrating what they mean by numbers, for example, then go to the elements, possibly send some images. [This article](_URL_0_) in Wikipedia explains a few approaches." ]
Why does repetitive holiday music make people more irritated than repetitive other music?	[ "In my opinion it's because the \"other\" music is new. A new hit song comes out every couple of months and it gets played to death, and then the radio stops playing it, and you'll rarely hear it again outside of streaming. The issue with holiday music is its the same songs every year, just look at \"All I Want for...	[ "To quote the great pop song from the '70s;Money, Money, Money, Money. MONEY.\" The record studio's pay the radio stations to play their songs. Simple as that." ]
How do insects know to take shelter when it rains, Wouldn't a raindrop be deadly?	[ "have a look at how [Mosquitos survive raindrops](_URL_0_)! Most other insects are not so fragile as mosquitos, so they should have a even better chance to withstand the rain." ]	[ "The term is [Emergent behavior](_URL_1_) or intelligence. The idea is that when you have a small set of simple rules repeated in large numbers you get impressive displays of 'intelligence'. Ants are simple. They do not weigh options, even as a colony. They have a series of \"if this, do that\" rules hard wired. I...
Friday Free-for-All \| March 18, 2016	[ "TIL that Ph.D. students dismissed for plagiarism can get [this desperate](_URL_3_). (PDF)" ]	[ "Hi there, I've approved this question but you may want to reword it so the question is actually in the title. Most of our flaired users have alerts set up that search titles for keywords, that one isn't going to get you anywhere unfortunately :-)." ]
If sound is just vibration of molecules in the air then what are other waves such as radio waves and microwaves and why couldnt we hear them if they also vibrate molecules the same way sound does?	[ "Well, they don't vibrate molecules in the same way sound does. Radio and microwave waves are waves within the electromagnetic field. These are fundamentally different things." ]	[ "You're essentially asking what the auditory difference between a tone and a pure note is. So when you play a particular note on an instrument, what makes a violin sound different from a trumpet? The answer is that neither one is a pure tone. [This](_URL_1_) is a pure, 440 Hz middle-A tone, and [this](_URL_0_) is t...
the dosages of Splenda in this recent article	[ "These other people have good answers, but always remember that rats and other test animals metabolize food differently than we do. Dogs, for instance, can be poisoned to death by eating a few grapes, sugarless gum, or some chocolate. So while it is useful to test things on rats first, it doesn't tell us the whole ...	[ "Since nobody has given you anything yet, I suggest that you check out Sidney Mintz's Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History. Most the answers you seek will be there..." ]
The differences between a fatal and non-fatal breaking of the neck	[ "Cracking the bones but not moving them far enough to cut the nerves will not kill you." ]	[ "Coke Zero: Same taste, artificial sweetener. Diet Coke: Different taste, artificial sweetener. Coke Life: Same taste, mix of artificial and natural sweetener (so 60% less cal instead of ~0cal)." ]
Why do some fruits ripen even after being plucked?	[ "Because they contain all of the various nutrients/energy required for that process to continue, even when separated from their parent plant. And it makes pretty good sense. It's probably more efficient for the plant to just store all of that stuff in the fruit itself rather than have another separate system to st...	[ "That does seem counter-intuitive, doesn't it? Here's a possible answer (bear in mind I know nothing about Scottish law/polling practices/voting etc.) The pre-vote polls might have been created under the assumption of a small number of voters. Therefore, areas containing constituents most likely to vote may have be...
What do each of the separate parts in a computer do, and how valuable are they?	[ "Extremely briefly: * Motherboard is what holds everything together. * Processor (CPU) processes data. * Hard drive stores data. * Graphics card (GPU) processes some data, and gives it to the display to output. * Fans keep everything cool, and hopefully dust free. * RAM basically handles what's happening at the mom...	[ "Could you be more specific? This is an extremely broad question that would take forty hours and several textbooks to properly explain." ]
What causes the Dzhanibekov Effect?	[ "This object has three distinct principal moments of inertia, meaning that the eigenvalues of its [inertia tensor](_URL_1_) are non-degenerate. When you derive the rotational [equations of motion](_URL_0_) for such an object, you find that rotations about the axes with the largest and smallest principal moments are...	[ "You've discovered [the twin paradox](_URL_0_). The answer is that you can't have the spaceships \"suddenly\" be at rest with each other. Either one or both must undergo acceleration. In the case of one spaceship accelerating and becoming at rest with the other, the accelerating spaceship has its time dilated. If t...
Why do the voices of people from the early 1900's sound so different to now?	[ "Sound reproduction was not as good back then. Bass notes were not recorded as well. So the sound recording from those days sound different." ]	[ "In digital recordings, there is a sampling rate which is extremely high, like 44000 samples per second. So there is a lot of room to slow down the recording and still have it make sense. In analog recordings, there is no sampling rate, so depending on how exact the recording is, there is no specific limit to how...
If I constantly laid in a tub of water, would osmosis be enough to hydrate myself so that I would not need to drink water?	[ "The answer is mostly no. Your inner layers of skin are fairly water-proof while the outer layer of skin do absorb water. This is why your fingers will 'prune'. The water does not enter your bloodstream through this absorption however it is still expelled various ways so parts of your body do stay hydrated. But not...	[ "very simple, Air is a horrible transfer medium for energy, Water is a good tranfter medium for energy. It takes longer for the energy in the air to flow to the ice cube then the energy in the water to flow in the ice cube, When when there is steam in the air, its still maybe 50% humidity compared to 100% humidity...
What is the difference between methamphetamine and amphetamine salts (Adderall)? What makes amphetamine salts so much safer/less addictive?	[ "Amphetamines and methamphetamines are the same chemical structure apart from one methyl group (that's where the meth comes from in methamphetamine). This methyl group allows the chemical to dissolve more easily into the blood stream which in turn makes it more potent and more addictive" ]	[ "Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: how do metal detectors work? ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5 how do metal detectors work? ](_URL_3_) 1. [ELI5: How does a metal detector work? ](_URL_5_) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ](_URL_7_) 1. ...
Why is it acceptable to shame smokers but fat shaming gets you in a lot of trouble, when lead to health problems?	[ "It's not really acceptable to shame anyone for anything that they choose to do. The problem with fat shaming is that being fat tends to be a self esteem issue and further breaking down that self esteem by adding shame just makes the problem worse. Smokers smoke for many reasons, but rarely is it because of poor se...	[ "What your describing first is the woman chosing to give birth to the child and put it up for adoption, rather than have an abortion. In this example you're talking about people applauding her for doing the HARD thing of actually bringing the child to term, and then giving it up to live in a better home than she ca...
When a computer game is loading, what’s actually happening?	[ "It is loading game logic, textures and models from disk into memory. Often times the models and textures must also be sent to the GPU's memory, since they do not share resources. It also performs initialization routines to prepare the game for the user." ]	[ "IRL car races, you have to earn your spot in the starting grid through qualifying. Since there are no qualifying in video games, you tend to start at the back. Haven't played a racing game in a while (outside of Mario Kart, but even that was a while ago), but IIRC you do move up in the grid based on your performan...
Before alarm clocks, how did people regulate their sleep schedule and wake up at different times?	[ "> Let's say a king wanted to have meeting at 7am back in the 1400s. They didn't, because they didn't schedule like that. They would say \"an early meeting at daybreak\" and then the king would start the meeting at this convenience." ]	[ "By tapping the wood. You quite clearly hear the difference when they find a good spot vs when they find nothing. And if they find nothing they just try another spot." ]
Could someone explain to me like I'm 5 how the US education system works?	[ "You have preschool, kindergarten, then elementary school (grade 1-5 or 6), middle school (grade 5 or 6-8), and then high school. In high school, you are there for your 9-12th grade. By your 11th grade, you are expected to take either the SAT or ACT; depending on what college you're trying to get into. Universities...	[ "Thank you for your submission! Unfortunately, your submission has been removed for the following reason(s): You can find the basic answer with a google / wiki search. Please start there and come back with a more specific question. If you disagree with this decision, please send a [message to the moderators.](_URL...
Can someone please explain the science behind this gif	[ "This is a procedure called 'setting the bead' - forcing the tyres out against the sides of the rim. Until this is done, the tyre isn't sealed and won't inflate. In a shop, this is done with a compressor that forces plenty of air into the tire quickly, popping the tire against the rim before too much of the air lea...	[ "Chemical reaction to oxygen. Like you are five: Once the stuff inside the compressed tube meets the air...it goes all crazy and changes." ]
Hunter-gatherer types smearing delicious venom on their bows and arrows for hunting. Why is it that these super dangerous toxins don't contaminate the meat and kill everyone eating it?	[ "Venom is simply a protein that can be digested with no ill effects. It only causes system damage when it is introduced into the muscle or bloodstream. I know a guy that professionally educates the public about snakes. During his show, he will let a rattlesnake strike his snake-proof boot and then he will put some ...	[ "A hot plate of food does in fact have more energy (technically), but it has the same amount of \"food energy\". Food energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds within your meal, which is where the energy you body uses comes from. Check out [this](_URL_0_) thread! Richard Wrangham has written a lot of current ...
why do some sites have highly annoying add's to hinder your experience, do these sites or people that make the adds honestly believe that annoying people will increase the chances of that product being bought?	[ "Most of these ads are not actually for the websites you see them on. The web sites displaying the ads don't really care if you buy the products being advertised. They get paid for the number of times the ad is viewed and/or the number of times someone clicks on the ad." ]	[ "You know how at the loud volume of your music the music itself has variations in loudness? Some sounds are louder some are softer. So, without changing the volume of your speakers you can encode and change the volume of the music. Advertisers know this and just make their sound super loud. Its illegal in most medi...
Are there "human-borne" diseases that have spread to other animals?	[ "There are cases of flu and respiratory infections spreading from humans to some primates and pigs: _URL_0_ Here’s a much more comprehensive review of studies of “reverse zoonotic diseases” (human-to-animal) which includes examples of disease spread to wildlife, livestock, and pets. _URL_1_ This is an interesting e...	[ "There are some interesting examples of mutualistic viruses, as [summarized in this table](_URL_1_). One that I have read about before is the [polydnavirus](_URL_0_), which infects a particular part of the ovaries of parasitic wasps. When these wasps find a caterpillar they inject an egg into it along with many pol...
Why does my mouth taste bad when I first wake up in the morning?	[ "Well, your mouth is essentially a giant mega-city populated by all sorts of citizens in the form of bacteria. 24/7 they are working hard at their bacteria jobs, creating all sorts of chemicals and molecules in your mouth as a byproduct of existing. During the day you are actively washing away those byproducts by s...	[ "Because you touch your face A LOT. The typical person - according to many observation studies - touches their face 2-4 times PER MINUTE by some estimates or 2000-3000 times per day (which is less frequently than 2-4 times per minute!). Grease on fingers, grease on face." ]
Why are one-way flights often more expensive than round trip?	[ "It makes sense because prices are so precisely calculated and analyzed. One-way tickets are less common than round-trips. If you buy a one-way, the airline needs to fine another one-way in the opposite direction to fill that return seat that you would have been in if it were a round-trip. This is more difficult ...	[ "This question is pretty tough to imagine. Here's something that might help: Imagine you live on a [Möbius strip](_URL_0_). You're facing straight down at all times. You leave a ghost image of yourself as you go around the strip. Travel fully around and you get back to where you started, still looking the same way....
Question about Hungarian Military Uniforms of World War II	[ "Just to clarify your question, do you mean a Shako like [this](_URL_0_)?" ]	[ "Reminder: This is AskHistorians, not AskRandomPeopleWhoCanGoogle. If you do not have in-depth knowledge of the level expected of a historian, whether amateur or professional, do not post. Thank you." ]
If seemingly nobody agrees with the current drinking age of alcohol being 21 in the USA, why is it still illegal and taboo?	[ "It's a cultural thing. America had a strong temperance movement wich lead to the prohibition. This was later removed again but drinking was still seen as problematic by many so they made this strict age limit. If really a majority was for a reduced drinking age, and would be loud about it, it would get changed. I ...	[ "Horse meat isn't rare at all. You can get it in many parts of europe. Tastes ok too. Anyway, that's culture. The same reason we think that bacon and eggs is a breakfast food, and don't eat grasshoppers." ]
why does rain affect our moods?	[ "It doesn't for everyone, for instance I love cloudy days and rainy/snowy days. & #x200B; But, there's a condition with the stupidest acronym ever for a mental health thing, Seasonal Affective Disorder, which is essentially a depressive episode brought on by certain changes in the climate." ]	[ "It is biologically engraved in us. Seeing water and fresh landscape meant survival in ancient days" ]
What would change about computing if we could definitively tell whether or not a program terminates?	[ "One consequence of the halting problem is that it is impossible to design an algorithm that can always answer right to : \"Will this instruction (or line of code) be executed during the program's execution ?\". This has application in my field (malware analysis). One of them is the impossibility of having a perfec...	[ "Some airports do have overrun prevention systems (aka Engineered Materials Arresting Systems) that are composed of a soft, almost styrofoam-like concrete pad at the end of the runway. When a plane overruns onto the pad the landing gear digs in, slowing the aircraft. Pouring anything onto the runway would pose a hu...
IfIf people can be addicted to things like the adrenaline rush and the feeling of being high, Can people be addicted to Depression?	[ "If they are depressed for too long, it becomes the new normal for them. When they move out of depression, it can be a strange experience for them and want to return to that state. It has to do with what the person believes is the normative behavior." ]	[ "Firearms and cars. I was raised around both. I was always either helping my mom with her cars or she was taking me out and shooting targets with her old .22 rifle. It was just plain old fun. I enjoyed learning how an engine worked, I enjoyed learning how different types of guns worked/shot. Once I got older and st...
Why does Japan seem to have such a low proportion of immigrants when compared to other developed countries?	[ "Japan is a very (ethnically) homogeneous society and was essentially closed to foreigners for more than 250 years. Foreigners are not made to feel particularly welcome there. Anyone \"different\" stands out like a sore thumb." ]	[ "They know how diseases/viruses/bacteria get transmitted and take many precautions against them. For instance, they constantly wash their hands/wear protective clothing." ]
Why do competitive divers shave their body hair, yet not wear swim caps?	[ "From what I've been told, swim caps are frowned upon by judges in competitive diving. My daughter dives. Some girls wear caps during practice, but only one wears a cap in competition and it's because she has a braid that goes to het butt." ]	[ "From personal experience, the mind becomes attached to great moments in life and finds something to bring that memory back, like hair or feet. Same thing with great trauma unfortunately. Seen a movie about a girl been gang raped and when she got older that was how she got off, by recreating the same circumstances....
Cockpit markings in WW2 aircraft, specifically the Ju-88.	[ "The lines in question were dive-indicators. The angled lines on the side of the aircraft were to help the pilot adjust to the proper dive angle during a dive-bombing attack by matching the angle to the horizon. The Luftwaffe envisioned the Ju 88 Schnellbomber as something of jack-of-all-trades bomber, and that i...	[ "Not a historian, just someone who likes to lurk and learn new things, but I can maybe point you to a few similar questions I’ve seen about kids and their obsessions while you wait to hear from an expert. [This post](_URL_2_) has an ancient Roman source from u/rkiga that mentions a toddler obsessed with birds. Furt...
The Schwarzschild radius of the observable universe is roughly the size of the observable universe. Is there any significance to this?	[ "Sean Carroll has a decent blog post about this [here](_URL_0_). The basic statement is that this is what you expect for a universe that is (at least very nearly) spatially flat." ]	[ "The European Union was the name of a resistance circle centered around the Berlin physician Georg Groscurth. The group held political positions akin to the SPD (ie loosely Marxist, and geared towards creating a socialism that transected national boundaries) and had connections to the KPD. The circle also aided som...
Can you have "extra" or "supplemental" mitochondria?	[ "Given that mitochondria are large organelles that are found within all our cells, it' impossible to supplement them, they must develop and divide within the cell. However, one way you could increase the number of mitochondria in your cells is through exercise, especially aerobic exercise. This is because aerobic e...	[ "It's probable that there was a Jewish quarter in Rome by the late 1st/early 2nd century CE. From Juvenal's Satire III: hic, ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae, nunc sacri fontis nemus et delubra locantur Iudaeis, – Here, where Numa established his night-time girlfriend, the grove and shrine of the sacred fou...
When did we have the largest number of living US presidents?	[ "Yes. There have been three times where there were six concurrently living presidents and former presidents 1861 - Van Buren, Tyler, Fillmore, Pierce, Buchanan, & Lincoln. 1993 - Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush, & Clinton. 2001 - Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush, Clinton, & Bush." ]	[ "This is a post WW2 phenomena. Tech was becoming a thing. Computers, atomics, etc Planned obsolescence required new, better model names, 1, 2, 3... At some point the univac 4 needed to be better just by the sound. Univac 400 vs the IBM 401. Jump a head to the nth degree. The univac 9000 or the OS X for that mat...
Supply side Economics vs Keynesian	[ "Keynesian Economics is based on a 20th Century Economist's thinking that if the government spent more and invested more, the economy should go up. Supply-side is the opposite thinking, believing that if we lower barriers (like tariffs, taxes and regulation) we should see a greater supply of goods." ]	[ "\"preferred\" is not really quantifiable in this context. Can you expand on that?" ]
Dog food for people: Is there a simple meal that can be eaten exclusively and still promote good health in humans?	[ "Apologies for not answering in the usual askscience way, but I think someone has already got exactly what you need right here: [Zupreem Primate Food](_URL_0_) Might not be quite as tasty (or as cheap) as you'd hoped for!" ]	[ "I recommend watching the documentary \"The Search for General Tso.\" I believe it's on Netflix, and it pretty much answers your question, with a focus on the dish \"General Tso's Chicken.\" The gist is that the earlier Chinese immigrants adapted their dishes to American tastes, and when more Chinese immigrants cam...
How much did early imperial Roman long-distance trade feed through Rome? Could Mediterranean exchange regularly bypass Rome to access other regional markets directly?	[ "This is a very interesting question, and I hope it sparks an interesting discussion. I'll weigh in here as I am writing my dissertation on the traffic of grain in the medieval period and have read a lot about the Roman taxation/redistribution system in preparation. Before I give my two cents, however, I want to as...	[ "\"So perish every one that shall hereafter leap over my wall\" ( Romulus ) _URL_0_ Once you cross the pomerium ( without any authorization ) you become an ennemy of the city and by killing his brother, Romulus acted as its guardian. Civic duties are more important than blood ties , importance of the law. W...
How do Earth's Satellites stay in orbit? [Physics]	[ "So a stable orbit is maintained in part by going at a speed relative to the planet, that means it's basically falling to the planet as fast as its reaching its curve so it doesn't get closer. These satilites however also have small thrusters that allow for course corrections and the like." ]	[ "Very careful simulation based on testing data. Engineers have experimentally gathered data about all the different materials used to make the telescope. This data includes failure points given applied loads, vibrational frequencies, etc. They can use this along with a computational model of the sattelite to predic...
Why do headphone wires get entangled?	[ "Entropy, there's only one way for them to be untangled but billions of ways for them to be all tangled up. Any change of state, say they get jostled or moved about will statistically lead them to be tangled as opposed to untangled." ]	[ "So they have your attention, the chances of it skrewing with the plane are slim to none (plus many have airplane modes that eliminate any outgoing signals) they use this excuse because again they want you full and undivided attention during takeoff & landings" ]
How does Earth's atmosphere not get sucked into the vacuum of space?	[ "Because gravity. I mean, that's really the whole answer. Gravity holds the atmosphere to the Earth." ]	[ "They use magnetic fields to keep it away from normal matter. _URL_0_" ]
What is the likelihood that a gallon of milk came from a single cow?	[ "Very low, assuming you're talking about purchasing a carton of milk from a supermarket. The milk of many cows, or even many different herds, is mixed together during processing." ]	[ "The point of a Fermi estimation isn't to get the right answer to a problem - it is to get in the _ballpark_ of the right answer so you can get a sense of scale. You make estimations and general guesses about what the inputs are - the goal is to be in the general order of magnitude of the answer. For example, lets ...
Why do so many people have bad appetites, wouldn't this be deadly out in the wild?	[ "Why? Quite simply, because they're not hungry. They live in a world in which it's ok to \"not like that\". When food is matter of survival, there's no choice." ]	[ "Anytime a time-saving technology is introduced and becomes wide-spread, it resets people's expectations for how long the associated task takes. So it's not really that people lose the ability to focus, but they lose the patience for things that take longer. It used to take a long time to prepare meals, but the mic...
In Shakespeare's Macbeth, soldiers from an enemy army cut down the trees of Great Birnum Wood and used them as camouflage to get closer to Macbeth's castle at Dunsinane. Would this tactic ever have been used in a real 16th century siege, and if so, how effective would the move be?	[ "Jacob Grimm suggested that this motif in Shakespeare's Scottish Play is based on a folk legend, itself inspired by the cutting of tree boughs for the May Day march of the young men into a village. See [this source](_URL_0_) for example. I know you are not asking about the origin of the motif - but this evidence su...	[ "I can't answer all of your questions, but nuns performing choreographed seduction were pretty commonly used by the Catholic church during the counter-reformation in areas that were rapidly converting to Protestantism. Synchronized swimming was a favorite tactic in Mediterranean regions but some form of seductive d...
Is it possible to change the way a computer handles bits?	[ "Possible? Sure. You can build computers out of pretty much anything. Here's an [adder made from wood and marbles](_URL_2_). Here's an [hydraulic computer](_URL_1_). Here are some [pneumatic logic gates](_URL_0_). The question is whether a different way of doing it will be in any way an improvement, because silicon...	[ "Other than what everyone else has said about talking to the ISP, getting a technician over, etc. there's one thing that comes up often. Really really make sure that you aren't confusing megabits (Mb) and megabytes (MB). ISPs will almost always advertise speeds in Mb/s, but something like your web browser or Steam ...
Explain the Symptoms of aspergers like I'm 5.	[ "Asbergers is now considered part of the autism spectrum and probably won't be diagnosed separately anymore. Not completely accurate but the character \"Sheldon\" on the TV show \"The Big Bang Theory\" exhibits behaviour similar to those with asbergers. I have met two people that where diagnosed, they tended to ...	[ "[Richard Feynman](_URL_1_) ELI5's it pretty well in about 2 mins. Alan Alda had a contest and this [8 min video](_URL_0_) won." ]
how is a website's price calculated?	[ "OK, so if you mean how does one work out how much it costs to host a website? The main factors are: * storage * how many requests (visitors) the website needs to be able handle per hour * whether or not the website needs to be able to handle variable data (CMS) or just serve static pages (although this is largel...	[ "There are a few things that may be happening. * The browser renders what data it has received, even if it isn't the complete page, in the brief instant before the screen clears to begin showing the next page. (Even if it's the same page.) * For subsequent page loads, some data may be cached on your machine and doe...
How energy efficient are speakers in converting electrical energy into sound (kinetic energy)?	[ "There isn't really a good answer for this. There are too many variables like number of coil windings, physical resistance of cone surface, shape of cone etc. And in order to say it's good we need some point of reference as to what bad would be. There are at least 4 markets for speakers that I know of and all of th...	[ "Heaters which radiate a lot of infrared will cast a warm radiance across a room, but might not heat up the air much, while a convection heater will warm up the air but isn't cosy to sit close to. Depends what kind of warmth you're after: something to warm your feet, or something to take the chill out of the air. B...
Why is Amazon able to provide the prices they do?	[ "[This](_URL_0_) article might help you see how the prices can be so low. If you compare to, say, Walmart, Walmart has to pay for the physical space of their stores and all the employees working in the front of the stores. Like Amazon, they also pay for their website and their warehouses. But Amazon lacks the costs...	[ "Websites look at the billing address you used and based on the state the address is in, they match it to that states current tax rate." ]

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