Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
How do babies get air in the womb?	[ "They don't. The womb is filled with an amniotic which does help in practicing breathing, but oxygen is provided and carbon dioxide removed via the placenta mainly. Babies breathe for the first time when they are born, that first gasp and cry, is the first time a baby breathes air." ]	[ "Not at all. One of the most interesting demonstrations of this is breathable fish bags that allow gasses to pass but hold water...pretty handy for shipping fishes without suffocating them." ]
If a person jumped into a hole that began on one side of the globe and stretched to the other side would they fly into the air while exiting the hole or would they land safely on their feet? (Assuming no obstructions in the hole)	[ "Neither. Assuming that you ignore the fact that the temperature and pressure in the middle of the earth would kill them, they'd make it most of the way to the other side, but then start falling back down the way they came. They'd get even less close to the entrance where they jumped in, and switch directions again...	[ "It seems like it depends on the size of the room, how structurally stable it is, and how adherent the paint is to itself. As you added successive layers of paint, supposing they adhered perfectly to each other, you would be adding to the weight on the ceiling. This would prove a challenge to the structure upholdi...
Why doesn't Reddit simply hire the guy who makes Reddit Enhancement Suite (RES) and make those features part of Reddit?	[ "Why buy the cow when you get the sex for free?" ]	[ "Some websites that update (webcomics, blogs, etc) have something called an RSS feed, which you can view in an RSS reader. With an RSS reader you can subscribe to sites with an RSS feed, so that you just have to go to your reader to see all the updates you care about and you don't have to go check them all individu...
What leads to procrastination?	[ "A common reason is that the brain chooses to procrastinate as a defense mechanism. Contrary to popular belief, there are 3 responses to threats: fight, flight, and freeze. Sometimes the brain perceives the threat as so severe, it thinks the best way to deal with it is to not. It’s got something to do with stress...	[ "I will have a detailed explanation tomorrow. It's too late to write a novel now." ]
Why is Snap Chat worth twice as much as Whole Foods?	[ "Because every single one of my 9th graders (I'm a teacher) and every single other kid in every school in America uses that damn app like we used to use AIM. Or the wired telephone. Whereas a few hundred thousand people buy overpriced kale and kombucha, millions of people pour revenue into that app daily. I'm surp...	[ "Basically advertising. Let's say hot chick \"A\" gets a million followers on Instagram. Company \"B\" wants A to advertise their drink. So B pays A to have a glass of whatever the drink is in her pictures." ]
What psychological tricks do advertisements use to get us to buy their product and why are we, as consumers, seemingly not used to these tricks?	[ "I've spent the last 5 years or so without broadcast television or radio. I participate in very few consumer-focused activities. When I see television today, it's so obvious that they're pandering to all of us. I think when you see it every day, and when you're raised with advertisements, you \"consider it no...	[ "This doesn't change between babies and adults. It's actually the exact same. What changes is they way we take our drinks as we get older. As babies we are drinking from a nipple (either an actual nipple of a simulated one on baby bottles). A baby has to suck to get liquid out of it. If you tilt a baby bottle, ver...
Why is suspension from school a punishment? Isn't that giving kids what they want?	[ "At some point, you need to concentrate on the other 29 kids in the classroom and what's best for their education. If one student is repeatedly disruptive, the best thing for everyone involved is to remove them from the classroom. Used to be that this would inconvenience your parents & probably earn you an ass-wh...	[ "When the head of a large organization (CEO of a company, Dean of a University) leaves, there's usually lengthy, formal process for hiring his replacement. It usually involving forming a search committee, who identify and interview candidates, and then recommend a replacement. That can take months. In the meantime...
Why did they need an algorithm to take a picture of the black hole and what did the algorithm even do?	[ "It is an image but not a picture. See [this question from a few hours ago](_URL_1_)." ]	[ "the pixels in the screen are part of a grid. so are the pixels in the camera's sensor. it's very hard to get the two grids to align perfectly while taking a picure" ]
Why do nations express power the way they do?	[ "They view other nations as potential threats or competition. By showing military power they are essentially telling the world not to mess with them, and that they are willing and able to fight if they are threatened. Now, you could argue that these shows of force increase the chance of them being attacked by other...	[ "Hi OP, this is a cultural question, so it would greatly assist anyone considering answering if you could specify which culture you're asking about. For example, the name of a cultural group / country / geographic region, plus a rough time period. Otherwise, this question is simply too broad, as it encompasses almo...
Was Dido of Carthage a real historical figure and actual Queen of Carthage?	[ "Dido is not real. She is the Carthaginians founders myth, their equivalent to Remus and Romulus. She supposedly left Tyre after her father left his wealth to her and her brother Pygmalion and he ruthlessly seized power and cut her out. The actual founding of Carthage was a lot less romantic and more practical, it ...	[ "Paradox games starting scenarios are roughly historically accurate, then they go from there based on random number generators and player actions. Total War games, not really. Factions in Rome are much more fluid than Julii/Brutii/Scipii, and many units are made up, etc." ]
How are doctors able to see sick patients all day, but not get seriously ill?	[ "They know how diseases/viruses/bacteria get transmitted and take many precautions against them. For instance, they constantly wash their hands/wear protective clothing." ]	[ "They don't. It's a marketing ~~lie~~ gimmick. I used to work for a company that did a similar thing by mail. New customers were supposed to sign up by a certain time for special rates but as a specific matter of policy we'd give those rates to anyone who mailed back the special offer." ]
Why do girls usually have more stylized, often "better" handwriting?	[ "I would assume it is because we are supposed to care about how things look more than men. Men can scribble away and be perfectly happy with their seizure-print." ]	[ "I put the lid down when I am done so that when I flush it doesn't spray particulate feces and urine across everything within five feet of the toilet. Nothing to do with females." ]
Anywhere in the known universe, are there body's in orbit 90 degrees to one another?	[ "If I understand your question: The orbits are not just represented as being in the same plane (parallel paths) for ease of communication. The orbits are, in reality, all roughly in the same plane. Illustration: _URL_0_ This is due to the fact that the planets formed from the matter of a protoplanetary disk. There...	[ "Nice work, you've discovered Olbers' Paradox :) This was a much-discussed problem in antiquity. _URL_0_ Take a read of the wiki page, it's very good at explaining. And ask away if there is more you want to know." ]
How do EnChroma glasses let colorblind people see color?	[ "It blocks the portion of the spectrum where red cones and green cones overlap in everyone (but is larger for some types of color deficiency). That makes the unblocked red and green more separate and easier to perceive. They explain it with pictures on their [technology page](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "because there are rotating .. if you spin a transparent ball with water inside you will have the same 2d shape. phisics first class" ]
Can inflation in an economy last indefinitely?	[ "Sure, it can last forever. Conceptually we won't ever run out of numbers. Of course once the prices start to become unwieldy the government can re-denominate the currency so if we are buying apples for $10,000 the government shifts to a new currency where they are 10 cents and people can just turn in their old mon...	[ "So, I don't know if you know this, but Blackstone did just what you are suggesting. After the housing crash of 2009, they went out and bought up homes in different cities. They put them all under the umbrella of a REIT (real estate investment trust) called \"Invitation Homes\" and then spun it out in an IPO a few...
What's the deal with the Russian territory between Lithaunia and Poland?	[ "Kalingingrad (formerly Konigsberg) was part of the kingdom of Prussia (not Austria-Hungary) for a long time. After WWII Russia was adamant that the power of northeastern Germany, which had largely directed the country since unification and even earlier, be reduced. Germany lost a lot of territory after WWII and mu...	[ "Hi, I've approved the post, but just a note to you and potential respondents: this subreddit has a 20-year rule against discussing current events, so any answers will have to cut off at 1997. If you're looking for answers that can include 1998-2012, do consider x-posting elsewhere, eg. a foreign affairs sub like /...
How do cockroaches affect our ecosystem?	[ "Not that I can answer the question, but what do you mean by \"our ecosystem\"? Do you mean to ask what ecological role cockroaches play in urban environments? Or are you asking about their ecological niche in natural habitats?" ]	[ "It really depends on how you want to define power but lets go with the Mongol Empire because they're always fun. By the time they stopped expanding the Mongols had developed into an extremely complex and sophisticated commercial empire. Vital to maintaining their strength and influence were various trade stations ...
How did the name "The Greatest Generation" originate?	[ "It was the title of Tom Brokaw's book that was published in 1998." ]	[ "This is a pretty common question here; here's some links from the FAQ: _URL_2_ _URL_4_ and a few others that have been posted over the years: _URL_3_ _URL_1_ _URL_0_ Most posts agree that it is largely a post-war pop phenomenon with fairly little evidence to support it." ]
Outside of Tidal Waves, What Would Be the Effects of an Asteroid Impact in the Middle of the Ocean?	[ "It depends on how large the asteroid is. Generally, though, the immense energy of the asteroid instantly boils away the ocean water in the immediate vicinity of the impact, and so it still technically will hit the crust, causing sediment to get kicked up and rise into the atmosphere. The ocean impact is marginal...	[ "Death. Instant death. No, but seriously, it would feel like a small, but really hard punch. It might break your finger or cut your skin, or it [might not bother you at all](_URL_0_). Keep in mind that they can even [break aquarium glass](_URL_1_), so they can certainly pack a whollop." ]
Why does shotgun ammunition spread out when fired? Why does it not just keep traveling in a straight line?	[ "A bullet fired from a normal gun is given a spin by the rifling in the barrel which stabilizes it. Shotguns do not impart spin to the individual pellets of shot. Without that stability, the shot will have the same accuracy problems as a musket. Adding to that, the individual pieces of shot do not exit the shotgun ...	[ "Imagine you're writing a research paper. You go to the library, and there are three books that will help you, but they are in all different shelves. You can read one, put it back, and then go to the next one, but this will make you tired. So you grab them and scatter your stuff on an empty table. Now you can read ...
Are there other spectra besides the EM spectrum?	[ "One hot topic recently has been the detection of gravitational waves. Just as there is a spectrum for electromagnetic waves, there's also a [gravitational wave spectrum](_URL_2_). One point has been discovered so far, by LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. It's essentially a telescope th...	[ "As many as you choose to include in your theory. Do you have a specific QFT in mind, like the Standard Model?" ]
Why do newer vehicles have cigarette lighter ports but not cigarette lighters? Why don't they just switch to native AC or usb only?	[ "Cigarette lighter ports are a really shitty connector, but unfortunately they're the standard, and standards are hard to change. 120v sockets are problematic to add, since you need an inverter, which is expensive. USB ports are problematic, since they can only handle about 5 watts, compared to ~120ish for a cigare...	[ "It's way, way, WAY, too expensive. The power plant alone would probably be more expensive than the entire lifetime cost of an average bulk carrier. Not to mention the insane mess of regulation that is involved with running a nuclear reactor. Basically, big ships run on bunker fuel, and bunker fuel is ludicrously...
Besides Humans, are there any other organisms that cook or use/make recipes?	[ "except for this one tribe of Japanese macaques. As researchers lured these wild monkeys out with food to study and observe them, they no longer had to hunt as much, freeing up a significant amount of time. With time comes experimenting, and with their newfound food source, some monkeys began experimenting with the...	[ "This is a very large topic area, so I'll just touch a piece of it and leave you with a more thorough source. In the case of birds, it has generally been found that birds raised in total isolation from their own species will eventually start singing regardless, and that song will resemble the songs sung by other in...
The concept of the "pyramid schemes" I keep hearing about?	[ "I want a bunch of lollipops, but I can't afford them. I tell you and 2 other friends that I have this great idea where we can all get a bunch of lollipops; you just have to give me one now and then get 3 people to give you one. Sounds like a great idea that we all get 3 lollipops for the price of one! The problem ...	[ "Amway and cutco make you buy there products to resell them or use them as demos. These are always overpriced. So you are losing money going into the job. At any other marketing firm you get paid a salary. The person working in the mail room does not have to purchase the companies products to get paid." ]
What exactly is it that gives a car its 'new car smell and why is it that the smell disappears over time?'	[ "It's the off-gassing of carpet, upholstery, vinyl, glues etc. Same as a house if you install new flooring and such. Once the VOC's dissipate, the smell goes too" ]	[ "Lots of care. Consistent cleaning and oiling, visits to the shoe shine guy, etc keep shoes looking new. There are also different grades of leather that will age differently. The $50 pair of slip-ons you can get from a department store are going to crease a lot compared to a higher end shoe that has better material...
Can a clock give the exact right time?	[ "Actually, for timekeeping purposes, we use the cesium atoms' vibrations in the atomic clock as THE definition of the correct time. We set all our clocks to that one clock. It also keeps track of smaller units of time than it displays, since cesium atoms vibrate at exactly 9,192,631,770 Hz. We know the time dow...	[ "Those kind of fortune telling/horoscope thingys are usually formulated in a very inaccurate way. Things such as \"You will meet an important person tomorrow\" can be twisted to fit in just about any situation you find yourself in, if you believe in that sort of stuff, you will interpert it as a phropecy coming tru...
So I understand what steam is, but what is the name of the really cold air you see off the top of ice and stuff?	[ "Actually, the \"steam\" that you see isn't steam at all - it's condensed water vapour. [Steam](_URL_0_) refers to the gaseous state of water, and you can't see it. What you see from cold objects is also condensed water vapour. The two phenomena are one and the same, and they occur when the humidity of the air (how...	[ "Refrigeration works on the concept that changing phase from liquid to gas absorbs heat, and the other way releases energy. Also, the temperature that a fluid changes phase at varies based on the pressure it is under. While the fluid is inside of the fridge, air is blown over the coil while the liquid is turning to...
Flu and colds are caused by viruses. But why are they "in season" during cold and damp weathers?	[ "Another compounding factor is proximity to others. We spend more time inside during colder/inclement weather, thus providing us with longer and more frequent interpersonal contacts. I've seen numerous theories about viral persistance, fomites, and weather effects on the body, but the Public Health folks I work wit...	[ "Opening the door/window will allow air to be exchanged in an unpredictable direction between the outdoors and indoors. The net result will be fresh air from the outside replacing the air inside, since any air leaving through the door/window will be replaced with outdoor air coming in from another opening somewhere...
What happens genetically when two branches of the same species stop being able to mate?	[ "It really depends on the species. Genetically it just means the two populations have diverged enough that matings don't result in viable offspring anymore. In what way exactly varies in each situation. Being unable to mate with each other was the \"classical\" definition of what a species is. However, many species...	[ "Depends on the material and temperature. Sometimes the surface forms a reconstruction, as dreykevins explains. Other times the surface forms an oxide or some other surface layer, which can prevent recombination. Other times the pieces actually CAN be put back together, and this process is called \"cold welding\". ...
What is the oldest known description for the effects of cannabis consumption?	[ "Herodotus reports that Scythians (Nomadic people around Russia) used to use it in rituals. I think at one point he describes them burning it under a tent. Earlier written descriptions might exist in East Asia (I have read of some archaeological finds that show its use there for medicinal purposes) but I'm not real...	[ "Since this is a homework question, we expect a little more effort from you. What research have you done so far for your paper? What are your findings so far? Is there anything specific you have a question about?" ]
Are there any other neurotoxins like lead and chlorpyrifos that recently enjoyed or still enjoy widespread use ?	[ "Chlorpyrifos was an insecticide. Nearly every insecticide is classified as a neurotoxin, although there is widely variable mammalian toxicity between the different classes. Organophosphates other than Chlorpyrifos still have widespread use; there's a bottle of malathion in my basement. Additionally, several other...	[ "The common methods? Nuclear pants are the common method. Neutron research facilities tend to be built at them. Another way is use a particle accelerator to create unstable nuclei that decay by neutron emission. The [Spallation Neutron Source](_URL_0_) collides protons into mercury to produce neutrons." ]
Why do some genetic illness only show up when you're adult or middle aged?	[ "Genes that severely impact your survival early in life tend to get bred out quickly, like many generations ago. Defects that show up after you've spawned offspring don't see the same editing process because you've passed your genes on before you have symptoms." ]	[ "The insurance companies need to have people paying premiums before they need payouts in order to stay in business. The control that by not letting people sign up whenever they need it. Also it is not just one time a year, the open enrolment is only once but if you had insurance and lost it (say quit your job) then...
Do we know if Caesar fought in the Slave wars? And if yes was it on the staff of Crassus?	[ "I saw this episode too and was concerned by that point. Brill's New Pauly says it's unknown whether he served in the war against Spartacus in any capacity. I double-checked Goldsworthy for you, and checked Meier, and neither of those biographers speculate about Caesar's military service in that campaign. The specu...	[ "I am by no means an expert on this topic, but I can point you towards a very good book I read a few years ago. [Arc of Justice by Kevin Boyle](_URL_0_) discusses the trial of [Ossian Sweet](_URL_1_), an African-American physician who killed a white man in self-defense in 1925 Detroit. The man was part of a white m...
Should ELI5 temporarily hide comment scores? We want your feedback.	[ "I would be in favour of not implementing this. For the most part, I see posts upvoted when they are correct and give interesting additional information, and downvoted when they are spam or wrong. There are a few cases where this doesn't happen, but I would say that it is more advantageous for a poster to be able t...	[ "[Capping has changed]( _URL_0_) . It seems posts were artificially limited beyond a certain karma and that number has increased. They eventually plan to do away with it altogether, but need to do it a little at a time so as to not mess up the sorting algorithm that encourages new content to reach the top." ]
How well known is the density of pure water?	[ "I use the [ITTC Water Properties](_URL_0_) (PDF) for my work. The density values are derived from the NIST engineering code based on experimental work and checked against the values released by The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam. The above PDF gives a density of 999.8498 kg/m^3 at...	[ "By measuring it. There are so many contributing measurements that it is difficult to list them all in a reddit comment. [Wikipedia has an article](_URL_1_). The small uncertainty is simply a result of very precise measurements." ]
Why does cold water quench your thirst better than that at room temperature?	[ "We associate cold water with cooling off when it's hot. The body likes to stay cool in heat, so the body likes cold water. People might also be genetically predisposed to avoid warm, stagnant water, so water that's cold is considered purer (since germs don't like cold temperatures.)" ]	[ "To enable a substance to expand out of a can (it had to be compressed to fit inside) the molecules must be allowed to \"re-expand\" and bump each other further apart, in an effort to match the outside air pressure. To do this, the molecules inside demand more energy to allow the expansion to occur. That means th...
Why do poisonous berries exist? Didn't berries evolve to be eaten?	[ "Not a berry, but I think it's illustrative to look at hot peppers. Some of us love the heat and some can't stand it, but regardless capsaicin (the chemical which makes the peppers hot) effects mammals and insects but birds are immune. The plants \"want\" (I know how simplistic this is but I'm not trying to break d...	[ "Part of the presence of pain is its purpose. Your nervous system continues to remind your brain the pain you've experienced so you know to protect it. For us, that means going to a doctor for a broken finger. But in nature, that means \"I need to guard this finger until it heals, or else I may die. If I try to ...
what evolutionary purpose does love serve for humans? surely it would be better from a reproduction perspective if we swapped sexual partners constantly?	[ "Love drives us to form strong family groups and pair bonds. An emotionally bonded couple that feels a strong drive to protect their children will be more evolutionarily successful than a couple promiscuous individuals that feel no drive to protect their children or work together." ]	[ "The kind of extreme poverty you're talking about is actually pretty rare. Dying of hunger and thirst are usually caused by a period of bad weather, and are in a sense more like localised events than sustained realities of x country. Generally speaking people don't live in places that can't sustain life. /u/the_or...
What did people in the bronze age/classical era/medieval times think the future was going to be like?	[ "For the latter two, bleak: medieval and classical societies, in the west at least, viewed themselves as part of a world fallen from some glory (the heroic age or the classical era, respectively). This notion, chronological primitivism, lasted through at least the scientific revolution." ]	[ "Back then people still needed jobs, now they dont and can practice harder for longer. And science helps by showing then methods on improving motions. You cam find cool videos on youtube" ]
How does amusia affect speaking tonal languages?	[ "There is research in this area. I actually attended a keynote by [Patrick Wong](_URL_0_) at Speech Prosody 2016 in Boston. I believe the takeaway might have been that it's not quite impaired in the way or to the level you'd expect, but I'm a little fuzzy on the details. Look up his research on the topic for more ...	[ "The different sounds are called different timbres. They are caused by a different shape of wave, even at the same frequency. At the top of [this page](_URL_0_) you can see the different waves from a flute, piano, and trumpet, all playing the same frequency (same note)." ]
How do share prices actually change in real time?	[ "There is no \"algorithm\". The share price listed is simply the last price that a trade was executed at. It doesn't have any deeper meaning on the face, its just a general indicator of the amount that last transaction occurred at. Any buyer or seller could (and do!) name any price they wish to buy or sell at. Th...	[ "_URL_0_ It's amazing how often buildings are owned by a different company than the one that occupies it. For example, a hotel company may not own the hotel, a retail company may not own the store. Sometimes when a high-rise is constructed, a certain percentage of the building will be sold off to become individuall...
If I attached my feet to a machine that moved my legs for me, and then took anesthesia. Would my body be burning calories or gaining muscle while I'm unconscious?	[ "Nope. Movement doesn't cause calories to be burned, burning calories causes movement. Think of it like putting a car in neutral and rolling it down a hill, or towing it with another car, it doesn't burn any gas to move in those cases." ]	[ "The current recommended training regime of astronauts on ISS will keep most of their muscle mass and bone density or even increase them in places. There is still some refinements needed to make it perfect as there is some issues with bone density in the pelvic region as the astronauts do not balance enough when th...
The difference felt from pressure under water and pressure in higher elevations compared to sea level.	[ "Air pressure is caused (more or less) by the column of 'material' above you. At a high elevation, there's less material, and less pressure. At a low one, there's more. Water does the same thing, although it's heavier, meaning that it takes a much smaller 'column of water' to equal the same pressure as the atmosphe...	[ "What happened there was [compressive asphyxia.](_URL_0_) Basically what happens when you shove thousands of people where there should only be hundreds. Imagine you're buried neck deep in sand. Dry sand is like a medium sized crowd, a bit constricting but you can breathe just fine. Get that sand wet and you have a...
Which medieval castles were the hardest to besiege and what key defensive features did they have?	[ "One of my personal favorite castles is the Crusader fortress of [Krak de Chevaliers](_URL_14_). It was never taken by force, was eventually only captured by treachery. It is an excellent example of the medieval European use of castle construction to defend and consolidate contested territory. Some interesting defe...	[ "Here's a discussion from 3 years ago: [Is there any historical precedent for a pre-modern culture constructing elaborate mechanical traps \$as seen in many films such as \"Goonies\" or in various \"Indiana Jones\" films\$ that are disarmable by an artifact or by a sequence of actions? Where does this common fil...
Why do some numbers in a list end in st like 1st, and others end in nd and rd like, 2nd, and 3rd?	[ "1. \"First\" is a word that originally meant \"foremost\", i.e. the one at the front (think of a race). It ends in \"-st\" because it is a superlative, like \"fastest\", \"cleverest\", \"best\". 2. \"Second\" is a word that means \"next\" or \"following\". 3. \"Third\" is an example of \"metathesis\", which is whe...	[ "It's just an obsolete tradition now, that few care about. It started back when summer clothes and winter or formal city clothes were different, often made out of different materials. Such as cotton vs wool. And often the families of the gentry class would relocate from their winter home in the city to their summer...
Why isn't vision correction and dental care considered to be health-related in the health insurance industry?	[ "The idea is that these are things that don't come up suddenly, or involve really unexpected costs or tests (the way even a normal check up might). Most people know in advance how much they are going to spend on eye care and on dental care in a given year, and so there's little or no reason to \"overpay\" the way ...	[ "As a follow up question, how are the farmers/owners of that land compensated today? Battlefields of WW1 are still claiming victims and damaging property with exploding ordinances. Wouldn't this not be covered under insurance as acts of war are pretty much never covered? Or is there a special fund or type of insur...
Did Plato invent Atlantis whole-cloth, or are there possible sources of inspiration?	[ "Not to discourage any further answers, but these older posts are worth a read: [Is Plato's Critias the only historical text to mention Atlantis?](_URL_2_) [Did Greeks of Plato's time (or later) think that Atlantis had actually existed in the past?](_URL_1_) By /u/XenophontheAthenian This [answer](_URL_0_) by /u/...	[ "Follow-up question, in case it's not mentioned in the answers to OP: How does Braudel's work compare to more recent work on the Mediterranean, especially David Abulafia's The Great Sea - how do their approaches and goals differ and where do they disagree?" ]
What actually happens when you enter a meditative state?	[ "Meditation is just an excercise of mindfulness or concentration. Basicly you just keep mindful of a certain object or bodily function. you can practice meditation of walking, eating, breathing, etc. With just doing meditation of mindfulness you get better, your perception improves and you can percieve things about...	[ "Usually when we type, we are using our working memory to hold the info we want to type. Our working memory only has so much space in it that if something new pops up it pushes back the old info and takes front seat; attention also affects this. Think of it like a bus. What you're trying to type is in the drivers ...
Why does everyone laugh the same/similarly "haha/hehe/heehee..." even though there are ~6900 languages in the world?	[ "It is reasonable to assume at that point that laughter is independent of language. A similar question with probably the same answer is \"why do blind people smile when they are happy when they have never seen a smile before?\" Both of these actions probably evolved into our genetics before language developed." ]	[ "Well first of all, the chemicals you listed are in actuality neurotransmitters. These are specialized molecules that are constantly floating around in the brain. I am by no means an expert, but I hypothesize that many different types of neurotransmitters were created simply as a survival trait. Being able to exper...
Why does our ability to resist urges fade and we lose control when we just arrive at the bathroom	[ "It's a psychological thing. The primitive parts of your brain are primed to seek places of shelter to do things like going to the bathroom, and these parts of your brain are the ones that control your autonomic nervous system, which, among other things, helps you to hold back from urination and defecation when you...	[ "Its the easiest way to get out of the kitchen for a 5 minute break." ]
. Saw a sign in front of a store that was basically telling the city council to come after them	[ "It might be a form of civil disobedience, refusing to respect the city ordinance as a form of peaceful protest. If you're going by again, why not stop in and ask? It can be fun to learn their views." ]	[ "> If I know I'm going to be taxed, why go out and spend more money to be taxed less? Wouldn't it just be redundant? If you spend money, you get something for it. If you get taxed, the money is gone. If the government was gonna tax my $1 unless I spent it, I could spend it on a hot dog, and now I'm down one dollar ...
I love to take naps but why do you usually feel terrible after one?	[ "I never feel terrible after a nap. You might be sleeping too long. If you nap too long, you can get into a deep sleep cycle. If you’re forced to wake up before you come out of that, say by an alarm or noises in the area in which you are napping, you’re going to feel terrible because you got pulled out of deep slee...	[ "There is a new theory on sleep floating around that is becoming more commonly accepted that the 8 hour continuous nights sleep is a modern evolution and previously Humans had two sleep sessions per night. They would go to bed for '1st Sleep' and wake up during the night, do something productive then return to bed ...
Could someone "survive" if we pumped oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood to their brain/head?	[ "This has been done before, with animals. Here is a video allegedly showing an old Russian experiment done with a dog. It looks real to me, but, then so did The Wizard of Oz. Warning, it might be disturbing and upsetting to watch. _URL_0_" ]	[ "The problem in Japan wasn't that there wasn't any water. The problem is that the reactor vessel is running at extremely high pressure (to increase thermal efficiency). In that reactor design, you need to actively pump water into the core to continue cooling it. In your scenario you would have plenty of water, but ...
Why do bases "eat" flesh?	[ "Bases do this through saponification. Saponification is the hydrolosis of the fatty acid esters that make up our cell membranes. This reaction goes much slower than that of the acid, but when completed, the \"flesh\" or whatever organ it used to be should be dissolved into the solution." ]	[ "It's accidental in the SM given the field content---when you write down all allowed terms in the Lagrangian for the quark sector, you can get rid of all but one unitary matrix, the CKM matrix. You can put CKM in the mass matrix so gauge interactions are diagonal (this is the 'flavor basis') or in the gauge interac...
Carbon dating! How it is done?	[ "As organic things live, they have a certain general amount of a particular carbon isotope. But once dead, that isotope breaks down over the years. Thus by measuring the levels of that isotope in a dead organic thing, you can arrive at an estimate of how long ago that thing lived." ]	[ "_URL_0_ The wikipedia article is excellent and better than any of the answers in here so far. If you have specific parts you don't understand, ask away and I can help explain them to you." ]
Why does our stomach make whining noises?	[ "Basically you are hearing the muscular waves or [peristalisis](_URL_1_). More detailed explanation here at [Discovery Health](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "I don't know, but I suggest you stop eating at White Castle." ]
Why do the majority of Indians and Pakistanis have very strong body odour?	[ "Everybody has a smell. People from that region have a very different diet to a Westerner - very spice-laden, fragrant food. This does influence how that person smells. Now, if you ask an Indian what they think a Westerner smells like, they'll tell you that we smell of milk. In both cases, this is because the perso...	[ "place your shirt over your nose and mouth and breath shallow. Or kindly ask them to stop. Damn where is that legal? I’m in Cali people would call them damn cops out here" ]
How efficient is chlorophyll in converting sunlight to energy compared to our best solar cells? If it is more efficient, why don't we copy what those cells do in designing new solar cells?	[ "> Presumably we know how plants convert sunlight to energy, Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy with an efficiency around 3-6% depending on the species and other environment factors. Generally, our problem is that this chemical energy is not readily useful to us unless we first convert it into thermal...	[ "This is akin to asking why we don't have a cure for mosquitos. After all, couldn't someone just analyze the smell and appearance of mosquitos, and then develop a micro robot that specifically targets them? The pathways you describe are active research pathways, so far as I know. But research is hard, and actually ...
Is milk healthy for me? I'm an adult, but I haven't drank milk for years.	[ "Milk tends to be a very energy dense (high calorie) way of getting nutrients you can get elsewhere. It's certainly not terrible for you (unless, like me, you're lactose intolerant) but it's no \"super food\" either. [here's a pediatrician](_URL_0_) talking about how a lot of the milk promotion is just savvy market...	[ "Chicken farmer here. There is no significant difference between the contents of chicken eggs, regardless of egg shell color. Some people use egg color as a proxy for selecting more humanely produced eggs, on the theory that brown egg layers are not raised in poor conditions as often as white egg layers. The hope t...
Did Columbus have prior knowledge of Cabral's discovery of Brazil before his voyage?	[ "Cabral's fleet did not depart Lisbon until 1500 AD; all but the last of Columbus's four New World voyages had taken place by then. It would make more sense to say that Cabral had prior knowledge of Columbus. Columbus's first voyage predates even da Gama's first successful sailing to India. I have heard rumours tha...	[ "not discouraging more contributions on this topic, but FYI there have been several similar questions, so I'm taking this opportunity to do a round-up. if anyone can remember more, please add links in a reply - thx [Why is South America poorer than North America today?](_URL_2_) [Why is Latin America so far behind ...
Question from my 7 year old: How far away is the sky?	[ "That's a pretty good answer really. If you live near mountains show your kid that the far away mountains start to look light blue because you are looking through so much air. But one way you could attach a number to this question perhaps is to find the average distance to light scattering. Every blueish photon rea...	[ "A long time ago in places like Greece, Rome and even before that in really, really long ago places like Sumeria, and Egypt people made up stories about the stars/planets and the pictures they thought groups of stars made. These stories were usually about beings they considered to be gods or demigods (the word demi...
Why did the English and French switch from long-standing enemies to allies?	[ "It is rooted in the rise of unified Germany, primarily. There are of course many other factors, but the decline of French power on the continent in the 1800s and rise of a unified Germany caused the French to seek new allies, both with Russia and later Great Britain. The British, for their part, had always maintai...	[ "I looked this up in the 1959 edition of Brewers (reprinted from 1870) and they state that British pink and white complexions remind one of the pomegranate. This is the only explanation given - no mention of POHM or anything like that." ]
How did no one notice that tens of millions of cars were not meeting their emissions standards until now?	[ "In the US, the proportion of diesel cars to gas cars is tiny. So the impact was big enough that we could notice it in the general atmosphere, but small enough that we couldn't pinpoint the source as diesel cars. In Europe there are way more diesels and people have been struggling to figure out why air pollution w...	[ "There are a lot of people in the world who don't care about laws, or the laws of other countries, or the property rights of other people. For example if you stole a piece of art from someone in England that a wealthy member of the royal family in Saudi Arabia wanted they probably don't care at all that it was stol...
Explain the psychology behind trypophobia	[ "It is supposed to be a natural reaction that our ancestors used to survive. It would keep them away from the nests of dangerous insects such as termites. It was the body's way of trying to avoid the danger and keep alive. If you believe in evolution you could say that it is part of evolution." ]	[ "Because they recognize things that are not a threat, and they don't recognize people. Think of how comfortable you are around airplanes and helicopters, but what if an alien spaceship came along." ]
If a brown dwarf collided with a dying star, would that star be 'revived'?	[ "> losses/depletes all its helium/hydrogen No. It depletes (fuses into larger nuclei) the hydrogen in its core. It has plenty of hydrogen left in the outer layers. So, a dwarf would only speed up the death of the star as the core will be depleted even faster." ]	[ "In a situation when a person actually needs CPR a beating heart takes precedence over anything else even a fractured sternum/ribs. if the ribs puncture your lung and give you a pneumothorax, they can still fix you up later, but if the heart stop beating only for 5 minutes your brain cells will start to become necr...
How did Rhode Island accidentally legalize prostitution?	[ "Prostitution was legal in Rhode Island between 1980 and 2009 because there was no specific statute to define the act and outlaw it, although associated activities were illegal, such as street solicitation, running a brothel, and pimping. Sauce: wikipedia" ]	[ "[Here's](_URL_0_) a report from WBUR's Radio Boston on why some towns in New Hampshire receive higher Federal scrutiny of their elections procedures under section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. tl;dl In 1970 New Hampshire had a literacy test and unusually low voter turnout triggered the oversight." ]
The Doppler redshift and the expanding universe... What is the universe expanding into?	[ "It isn't expanding into anything. Imagine an infinite loaf of raisin bread rising as it bakes. Each raisin in the loaf will be further away from every other raisin, since the loaf is expanding and the distance between all of the raisins is growing." ]	[ "Look at [this picture](_URL_0_) Imagine the black dot is a star that is moving down the screen. The light in front of the star is squashed together making the wavelength (the distance between two waves) shorter, this makes the light bluer. The light behind the star is being stretched making the wavelengths longer,...
How is that Iran hasn't been able to develop nuclear weapons even though it's been nearly 70 years since the end of World War II?	[ "_URL_0_ Iran signed an agreement stating that they wouldn't pursue nuclear weapons." ]	[ "Britain was occupied by Rome from 43 AD to 410 AD, which is shorter than most other areas. During that time, the island was never fully occupied, and they always lived besides the Anglo-Saxons in Scotland. The geographic isolation also plays an important role. On the main land, Spain, France and Italy may have be...
The concept of being "American", Why its so easy to be considered American in the US than another nationality somewhere else after naturalization.	[ "Because unlike basically every other country - \"American\" is a nationality that is not even 300 years old. We don't have a history that runs 1000s of years chronicling what is means to be \"American\". What cultural touchstones we do have are close enough to the present day that they feel more real. On top of t...	[ "The Albanians don't call themselves \"Albanians.\" Their word for themselves is \"Shqiptarët,\" and their name for their nation is \"Shqipëri.\" This isn't uncommon, really. The Koreans don't call themselves Koreans. That name is derived from the name of one dynasty, the Goguryeo. Their name for themselves is \"Ha...
Can a bagel be cut into Borromean rings?	[ "Mathematically it should be possible. I think you'd need a large bagel, a very thin, very sharp knife, and a lot of patience, [This image](_URL_0_) shows a torus (homeomorphic to the bagel) split into something homeomorphic to the Borromean rings. You have to sort of be able to 'cut behind' other segments, but ma...	[ "Assuming the ice hasn't subliminated(you might need a bigger ice block) and was placed in sterile and cold enough conditions. Yes you could eat it." ]
Explain like I'm 5 the Rwandan Genocide.	[ "In the country of Rwanda there were different groups of people. One was called the Hutus, and the other was called the Tutsis. The Hutus didn't like the Tutsis because the Tutsis had more money, and always bossed the Hutus around. Then one day the French government which was was in charge of Rwanda tried to allow ...	[ "_URL_0_ Link to similar ELI5 about a year ago TL;DR You cant remember because the part of the brain that controls short term memory is one of the first that shut down" ]
What is a computer science major? Are you a scientist?	[ "Kind of. The distinction between computer engineering and computer science can be very thin at some schools. but the basic idea is that a computer scientist is doing research into new technologies or methods, wheres the software engineer is the one who actually builds shit. Just as with other \"hard\" science and...	[ "Google doesn't search the internet when you run a google search, they search their highly optimized indexes from their own database. The database is formed by google \"spiders\" that crawl \"the web\". If you wanted, you could build a highly optimize database of your hard drive's contents that you could run search...
If Google Authenticator-style 2-factor codes work offline based on an algorithm, could someone reverse engineer my keys based on a series of past codes?	[ "So the actual algorithm is something along these lines (but more difficult). HASH = Md5(KEY + Time) The first 3 characters of the hash are the pin (converted to a decimal). This makes something that looks mostly random but is totally predictable. The thing is finding a collision is NOT enough to get the next pin....	[ "Not a huge amount, really. We already pretty much know what's in these products (I mean, with Coke, you can basically just read the label). The difficulty is only getting the exact formulation and mixing right. For most people, the prohibitive part of that is not knowing how it's done - it's having access to the k...
Why do rims look strange like they are moving backwards or slowly on a car when being filmed?	[ "It has to do with the speed at which the wheel is turning and the frame rate of the camera filming. If, for instance, the camera records at 24 frames/second, the wheel must be moving at a rate of 24(x) rotations per second in order for it to took like it's moving forward. It's just not prudent to try to film the ...	[ "If you are going somewhere for the first time you are devoting a lot more processing power to following directions and looking out for signs/landmarks, etc. That makes time and distance seem greater. There is also the anticipation of some event/experience to keep you mind working hard; again creating a feeling of ...
Would the gravitational waves from the Shoemaker–Levy 9 comet's collision with Jupiter have been large enough to register?	[ "you wouldn't really get a gravitational wave from that since you need the bodies to orbit each other with some small period to get a real \"wave.\" You'd get a brief gravitational disturbance, but it would be unbelievably tiny. The famous observation recently from LIGO is believed to be two black holes merging. Th...	[ "Whether or not it was inevitable is impossible to argue, because we don't know how Japan would have turned out if Perry didn't arrive. However, the major political driving force for the revolutionaries was without a doubt caused by, directly or indirectly, western contact. The actions of the sonnō jōi movement, ...
How does g2a shady system works?	[ "The keys are purchased with stolen credit card information. G2A makes no effort to validate the sources of their keys. When the card holder finds out and their bank reverses the transaction, the key becomes invalid. Bye-bye game." ]	[ "If you don't have even a 5 year olds level of understanding then why do you want to get into it? If you are actually interested then I can explain some of it, but you won't make money, trust me." ]
Why bubbles in a carbonated drink make it seem more refreshing.	[ "it makes the beverage slightly astringent, making your mouth feel a tad cleaner." ]	[ "Did nobody here do the thing when you were kids in which you take a water balloon and then fill it half with air? The air acts as a shock absorber and it's actually super hard to get it to pop by throwing it against a surface, even throwing it hard just causes it to bounce. Good way to freak people out without ...
Why does HDR require several different shots of the same scene? Why doesn't the human eye have to do this but camera sensors do?	[ "Cameras need to poll their sensors all at once, changing exposure times, etc. for the entire sensor simultaneously. The human eye though is made up of many different cells which are continually exposed to light and can adjust their reporting of sensation individually. This means they don't need \"multiple exposure...	[ "Simply put for the same reason drinking water when you're not thirsty isn't as refreshing as when you're REALLY thirsty. Anticipating the bodies' needs doesn't trigger the same reward responses in the brain as fulfilling a need that is already present. Your muscles don't NEED to stretch right now, so you can't ant...
How can Parrots talk like a human? Can any other animals do this?	[ "Some other birds can, such as parakeets, crows (and/or ravens; I get them mixed up), and probably some others" ]	[ "Sort of. As you can see in Jurassic park 3, they can find out the shape of the voice box and get an idea of the nature of their vocals. They probably couldn't work it out exactly, and a lot of Jurassic Park is sort of filled in gaps." ]
What was the most powerful military organisation in history?	[ "I think you need to perhaps clarify your question. Do you mean relative to their contemporaries? Absolute destructive potential? If it is the latter the answer is either the Soviet Union or USA thanks in no small part to the stockpiling of nuclear weapons. I can't say specifically when or which without looking up ...	[ "It might be useful if you could specify the time period you're looking for. From Elizabethan times to now, for example, or from Nelson's time to the Victorian Navy, then the question will be easier to answer." ]
Why do 3rd world countries exist, or more specifically, how/why did they not advance while others did?	[ "Race is the most important factor. Look at the bottom of the list. _URL_0_ That also explains poverty zones, like black ghettos." ]	[ "Robots and machines are really really expensive to build, develop, and maintain. People in Bangladesh are dirt cheap labor that can accomplish the same thing at small fraction of the cost of said robots and machines. Clothes being an easy item to construct, a cheap item, and a safe item, it doesn't make a lot of s...
How do 'call options' work? For example: Silver or gold call options with a company like Scottrade?	[ "There are two kinds of options trades, a put option and a call option. It's a form of a contract. A call option gives the buyer the option to buy something at a pre-negotiated price. For example, if I give you $5 now, you promise to sell me an ounce of gold at $1000 an ounce on or before November 1st. If the ope...	[ "It will freeze-dry at night and boil in vacuum during the day. With a bit of practice, salt and spices you could probably do a decent beef jerky. Be warned that the surface of the moon is rich in calcium oxide and other basic compounds, which are bad for you and will make the steak taste bitter. Use only clean su...
How do the wings of a plane produce lift?	[ "Lift can bee properly describe by Bernoulli's Principle(Difference in pressure) [when it's applied correctly.](_URL_0_) However, most people don't apply it correctly and imo it's more confusing than the alternative: Newton's Laws. According to Newton's Laws, the plane generates lift because it's [angle of atta...	[ "Many airlines started out funded at least in part by governments. But airlines can be started by bunches of people pooling their money together. You will find that most companies cannot be bankrolled by one immensely wealthy investor, but is a group effort." ]
How does snapping work?	[ "Not a physicist or anything, so someone correct me if I'm wrong, but the way I understand it, the sound made when snapping is from your middle finger slapping sharply against the inside of your palm just below the base of the thumb. The trick here is that you can't just slap your fingertip against your palm and pr...	[ "I could try to explain it to you, but this video is all you really need: _URL_9_" ]
How come our wet little delicate eyeballs don't feel cold in below freezing weather?	[ "Our eyes are for the most part made of water. Specific heat, which is a measure of how much energy it takes to warm a substance up, is really really high for water compared to a lot of other substances including air. *That means a lot of energy needs to be transferred from our eyes to the surrounding air to make o...	[ "Nervous system is all about the action potential in the neurons. All neurons signalling is an active chemical function. Energy is required to produce this function, and as a result lower temperatures drive down the energy available for the reaction to occur. This also happens in cells, making it impossible to main...
What causes the American South and Midwest to have so many tornadoes, and why are they so relatively rare everywhere else in the world?	[ "The American Midwest is a flat steppe that runs from the Artic of Northern Canada, to the deserts of Northern Mexico. The lack of natural barriers(mountains) for such a long stretch allows cold Artic air to mix with hot tropic air which creates the conditions necessary for tornadoes to form." ]	[ "From the exact same XKCD article that you linked: > (Climates can be hard to predict—for example, in our world, Somalia and French Guiana both sit on the equator, at the eastern coast of a continent, and seem like they should both receive a tropical sea breeze. But coastal French Guiana is dense rain forest while...
How the spread on sports teams works when betting?	[ "Team A is playing Team B. If the spread is Team A plus 3.5 then If Team B wins by 3 or less the bettor wins. If Team B wins 4 or more, the house wins. No tie bets, regardless of the rules of the sport." ]	[ "Your employer takes money out of your paycheck throughout the year to pay your local, state, and federal taxes. The amount they take out, however, is just an estimate how much tax you will probably owe at the end of the year. There's no way for the state, local, and federal governments to know what you actually do...
What was the socio-economic state of the colonies of the British Empire, prior to colonisation?	[ "Could you narrow down your question slightly? Britain has had colonies all over the world, so there are quite a few possible answers." ]	[ "They have some personal property that provides them with an income, mainly in the form of land rents. For the soverign, they get the Duchy of Lancaster, while the heir to the throne has the Duchy of Cornwall. These monies can be saved or invested or given away. For instance, Prince Charles has invested in [organic...
How do tapeworms fertilize themselves?	[ "Taenia solium is monoecious, which means each proglottid contains the male and female reproductive organs and is capable of producing fertile offspring." ]	[ "One theory: [Birds](_URL_2_) > Some wading birds relocate fish eggs that get stuck to their legs, thereby aiding in fish dispersal to other parts of a river or marsh." ]
how do pests and animals in the wild fare against chilli?	[ "Most mammals are affected by capsaicin. Birds however are not. To a bird, eating a thai chili is basically just like eating any other fruit or vegetable." ]	[ "I notice a lot of these natural selection questions are a lot easier to understand if you question the fate of the opposite, in this case the answer becomes clearer if you ask instead \"What happened to the living things that didn't try their best to produce offspring?\" Well they had fewer heirs and eventually di...
People that are attracted to children sexually, is that just another sexuality?	[ "This is a great question. I have a fantastic article for you: _URL_0_ In short, yes, there is evidence that \"true\" pedophiles (i.e., those with a sexual attraction to children, rather than pubertally advanced teens, and those that do not sexually abuse children purely for power reasons) have some neurological pa...	[ "_URL_2_ columnist William Saletan waded into this issue several years ago with similar questions to yours. Here's an article posted AFTER his initial article and several followups, all of which can be reached via links within the article. It's an interesting journey with commentary from psychologists, statistician...
Why doesn't a smoothie kill my hunger as much as just eating the fruit that went into to?	[ "The human body is satiated by the ACT of eating as much as the amount of material that goes into the stomach. Slurp down a smoothie and you're done in ten seconds. Eating the fruits and veggies that went into it requires chewing and swallowing, and the result goes down your throat in little chunks rather than a l...	[ "Processing power. Your IPhone may be good and a marvel of miniaturization, but it isn't nearly as powerful as your laptop. The laptop can process all of the complex images and ads far faster than your phone can because your laptop processes everything faster." ]
Is it a coincidence that Sun Tzu and Machiavelli titled their books about strategy "The art of war" of was Machiavelli somehow aware of Sun Tzu's book?	[ "According to /u/Platypuskeeper, it was [a coincidence](_URL_0_). Machiavelli would not have had access to Sun Tzu's work." ]	[ "This is known as [entrainment](_URL_0_). All of the crickets will be chirping on their own at their own rates, but soon they are 'brought together' towards their neighbors. Eventually all crickets in that area start chirping together. It's the same reason why you sometimes see fireflies also flashing at the same ...
Aren't Africans just as responsible for the Atlantic Slave Trade as Europeans and Americans?	[ "This submission has been removed because it is [soapboxing](_URL_1_.), [promoting a political agenda, or moralizing](_URL_0_). We don't allow content that does these things because they are detrimental to unbiased and academic discussion of history." ]	[ "This submission has been removed because it is [soapboxing](_URL_1_.), [promoting a political agenda, or moralizing](_URL_0_). We don't allow content that does these things because they are detrimental to unbiased and academic discussion of history." ]
why does searching in the URL field of Firefox take so much longer than the Google field on the right of the browser (even though they both lead to _URL_0_)?	[ "Because when you type it into the URL field, it first tries to figure out if it is a URL, and direct you there. Only if that fails does it then turn to searching for what you entered. The google bar on the right assumes you are searching, and doesn't have to check" ]	[ "Say you have a hammer and nail. If the hammer head is bigger than the nail, then the force of the hammer is distributed evenly against the head of the nail. The nail will go straight into the wood. Now say you have a hammer and a nail, but the nail head is bigger than the hammer. When you hit the hammer against t...
How strong would the casing of a nuclear bomb be to hold in a nuclear blast? What would be the effects?	[ "I can't answer your question directly, but from the [wikipedia article on underground testing](_URL_0_) a nuclear bomb causes \"temperatures of several million degrees and pressures of several million atmospheres\" (no exact figures given) and buried in rock will irreversibly strain/deform rock in a radius of arou...	[ "The long answer is fairly intricate, but basically, a finished mRNA that is present in the nucleus will have a sequence that indicates it is ready to be exported into the cytoplasm. This sequence is added or modified during post-processing of the raw mRNA transcripts. These signals are recognized by transport prot...
Why don't we dope our soldiers? Or at least some leave of performance enhancement?	[ "Stimulants reduce effectiveness. They're not as good as actually being rested. That said, we [used meth on soldiers in WW2](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "I would recommend reading historian D. C.A. Hillman's book,The Chemical Muse: Drug Use and the Roots of Western Civilization, in which he provides numerous primary sources and historical accounts of physicians doing things like prescribing opium, sedatives, and narcotics. His historical hypothesis (albeit a far...
If different races aren't like different dog breeds, what are they and is "race" even real?	[ "There are certain health conditions that are more prevalent in black people than white, such as certain blood conditions IIRC. I believe there are other examples of this, but outside of that the difference is just skin color, no different than extremely pale people from certain parts of europe." ]	[ "The more you weigh, the more work you have to do to move yourself over a long distance. Sprinters need to be muscular since short distance events are more about accelerating to your top speed quickly and maintaining that speed for a few seconds while distance events are about maintaining a moderate (but still very...
how do flea collars work?	[ "There is a pesticide impregnated in the plastic. It’s safe for dogs but poisonous to bugs, cats and other animals. As the bugs crawls on the fur it kills the insects." ]	[ "Flu shots are small bits of previous flus that they are guessing is similar to early stages of the flu that is developing this year. In this year the flu shot they came up with was not close enough to the flu that is flying around the world right now. Hence this year's flu shot was ineffective at preventing flu." ...
What protects The United States from becoming a dictatorship?	[ "Theoretically, there are checks and balances on the President and term limits that prevent a dictatorship. In reality, when you reach the point where the President can lie without consequences, pack the government with cronies, silence dissenting opinions, and convince people to distrust in basic facts, then we ha...	[ "If you have Netflix there's a very good documentary titled \"the world without US\" It explains your exact question." ]

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