Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
What do we know about the earliest pieces of music that we can still accurately reproduce?	[ "Is not exactly the answer to your initial question but we know about medieval music. [here is a ](_URL_2_) great answer by u/hhawks12 that gives an long list of medieval songs with authors, links to the songs and many references. Some of those songs date to the 12 century." ]	[ "Interesting; also, standing ovations at performances. Just as you said, they're somewhat expected now, despite the fact that they were probably once \"special\". I once heard this discussed on NPR (I think both topics were mentioned) & I hope someone has an answer!" ]
why do we feel like something is crawling on our skin, but then look and see that nothing is there?	[ "They're just ghosts of the bugs and insects you have killed... @_@" ]	[ "I learned about this researching how to help my kid be a better sleeper. Essentially, you are over-tired. There is a \"sweet spot\" for everyone regarding the time they should go to bed (just the right level of drowsy). Once you get past that, your brain thinks there must be an important reason for you to continue...
How close are archeologists to discovering the site of Plato's cave?	[ "Plato is no longer considered a planet, so whether it has caves or not is irrelevant." ]	[ "No, if you go to the Museum of National History in Canberra they have a great exhibit explaining some of the variation of the dreamtime myths. I visited in 2013 so I cannot re-call details I'm afraid, but although they all run along a similar theme the characters differ as do which animals formed which landscapes ...
at what point does a group of molecules become an organism that's alive or other (viruses, bacteria, etc.)? Where does that border start and end?	[ "There is not a border. It's more like a gradient. Bacteria is definitely alive, it meets every criteria that scientists have used to define life. However, viruses meet most of that criteria... but not all. They are an exception and whether they are living things or not kind of depends on who you ask." ]	[ "Your brain has a gating mechanism. Basically if you feel the same sensation for an extended time, your brain decides that feeling isn't important anymore and ignores it. This includes all sorts of things, like the feeling of your teeth on your tongue, your lips touching, the clothes on your skin, your phone in you...
How is Fantastic Four a failure if it's making its money back?	[ "A few things to be aware if here. First is 120mil was the production budget which does not include marketing, advertising and the cost of prints, being phased out in favor of digital. The second thing is the ratio between the studio and the theaters. Opening weeks, the studios get the vast majority of the ticket s...	[ "Insurance. Companies with high-cost, high-risk tasks like sending a $200M thing into space pay BIG insurance premiums for just these kinds of situations. It should be noted the launch today was a test launch." ]
IAMA M.S. in Oceanography graduate that studied the effects of ocean warming on algae. I am currently working for an eye-care pharmaceuticals company. AMA.	[ "How do you feel about the transition from an academic STEM environment to a commercial scientific organization? How does it differ from the environment you worked in during your MS? What do you currently plan as your future for your career?" ]	[ "Gasoline should work. Although if you're going to just grow them more, I'm pretty sure you could just stick them into the salt-solution you'll be using to grow them. I don't think you need to clean them off first. The oil should float to the top. There's basically two kinds of chemicals: polar and nonpolar. Polar ...
Does an eagle see things that are say, 2 feet away in microscopic detail, blurry (like looking through binoculars) or simply as we would see them?	[ "They can actually change the focal length of their eyes by deforming them with muscles. That said, the optics of a microscope and a telescope are very different. If they had their eyes in \"far away mode\", everything would be blurry, like looking at a bug through binoculars. If they were in \"normal mode\", their...	[ "[The comments on this gif](_URL_0_) explain it, specifically [this one](_URL_0_csz5f42): > It's called retinoscopy. You shine a narrow beam through the pupil and focus it on the retina. Then you move the beam up and down. If the beam moves up or down on the retina too fast or too slow compared to your own movemen...
Would a body decompose in space without a space suit on? Why or why not?	[ "No. First, it would become desiccated - any water that didn't boil out of it would freeze and then slowly sublimate away. So it would basically be freeze-dried. Meanwhile, radiation (particle flux) would soon kill any microbes surviving inside it that might continue to consume its tissues, so the normal decomposit...	[ "You could test it. E.g. cover yourself in grease and then shower 1) with water only 2) with water and the product. Compare results. That would be a (pretty crude) experiment, which is how we learn answers to those kinds of questions. Also you could compare two pieces of perishable food, one of them treated with th...
how are the voices recorded to animated shows/movies? How is the timing of the voice and the animation accomplished?	[ "Often, the voices are recorded before the final animation. So the animation is done to match the voice, not the other way around." ]	[ "Imagine you wanted to send a digital file to a friend of yours, but all you have is a telephone and the binary data contents of the file. You tell your friend \"when I say beep you write down 1, when I say boop, you write down 0\", and then you read the contents of the file to him over the phone \"beep beep boop ...
After seeing a lot of sensationalist articles recently, what discoveries, studies or inventions are LEGITIMATELY out there right now that could make huge waves for humanity?	[ "> how it really amounts to a bunch of bologna I don't have an answer, but I do need to point out that bologna = lunch meat. Baloney = nonsense." ]	[ "EU's new data protection law (called GDPR) came into effect the 25th of may. It says that basically all (user) data collection should be disclosed and opt-in. This means that every service that ever collected data has to update its EULA in order to do business in the EU." ]
How can you burn charcoal, when it is made by burning wood until it stops burning? Isn't there no longer anything reduceable left?	[ "Do you know what is actualy made by burning wood untill it stops burning? .... Ash" ]	[ "Meat cooked at high temperatures forms heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In long term very high concentrations these can cause cancer in lab rats; it is unclear whether occasional low concentration exposure (such as eating occasional BBQ) is dangerous. This may simply be a cas...
When you're hungry or thirsty, how does your body immediately know whether it's food or water you've just consumed?	[ "An organism, like a human, can be viewed as a complex machine full of receptors that takes stimuli from its environment, both external and internal. The human body has special receptors that can tell whether you drank some water or eaten some food. When you drink water, the salts in your body reduce their concentr...	[ "Mint gums have minty additives that irritate the mouth and give you the impression that flavor is still there. Think of toothpaste. Toothpastes have additives that irritate the mouth and give your mouth a sensation that we come to associate with being \"clean\". So the sensation from mint gums lasts longer than t...
Is diffusion rate of tea affected by sugar?	[ "Yes. The solubility of a substance depends on the thermodynamic properties of that solute and the solvent. Adding sugar, or salt, or anything else to plain water will alter the amount of tea that can be dissolved in the water. Whether it hurts or helps, I would think that a higher concentration of anything in the...	[ "To answer your title, for the most part things get crapped out in the same order the get consumed. There might be a bit of leeway here and there (say, having a solid breakfast and a liquid lunch and having the liquid slide by the solids), but for the most part more recent food just pushes the food that was ingeste...
Is there a historical precedent for mass killings by individuals such as the ones occurring now?	[ "not discouraging anyone from contributing more examples, but check out these posts for previous responses [Were there any serial killers in Ancient Rome or during the Middle Ages?](_URL_3_) [Are there any records of serial killers in ancient times? If so, how were they found out and how were they dealt with?](_URL...	[ "_URL_2_ columnist William Saletan waded into this issue several years ago with similar questions to yours. Here's an article posted AFTER his initial article and several followups, all of which can be reached via links within the article. It's an interesting journey with commentary from psychologists, statistician...
What lucid dreaming is and how to achieve it.	[ "Lucid dreaming is when you become aware of the fact that you're asleep and dreaming. Achieving it is tricky: some people do it naturally - my dad and my sister are nearly always lucid of their dreams - others can achieve it with practise, others never manage it. I've succeeded in lucid dreaming a dozen or so times...	[ "Thank you for your submission! Unfortunately, your submission has been removed for the following reason(s): You can find the basic answer with a google / wiki search. Please start there and come back with a more specific question. If you disagree with this decision, please send a [message to the moderators.](_URL...
Why are people not woken up by their own snoring, but someone else snoring can wake you?	[ "My snoring wakes me up all the time XD Seriously though, I believe it's because when you're snoring, you're often in a deeper sleep cycle. When the person next to you snores and wakes you up, you were probably in a lighter cycle and more easily roused." ]	[ "It's all of that. Our vocal timbre, or the way our sounds, is comprised of two major factors. First, your vocal chords. Everyone's vocal chords are different, but basically, the longer and thicker your vocal chords are, the deeper your voice is. Second, your skull. The shape of your skull and the placement and sha...
How many words are there in the world (in all languages combined)?	[ "The world has about 6900 languages. [source](_URL_0_) A typical language has 3000 to 100,000 words. So, between 20 million and 590 million words." ]	[ "Alice wants to send a message to Bob. They are very far away. So, she writes a letter and gives it to Chris, who is a very nosy individual. Chris steams the envelope open, reads the letter, and then reseals it and hands it to Bob. If you are Alice and Bob, you probably don't want Chris to do that. So you develop a...
How can a blind person communicate with a deaf person?	[ "The blind person could sign while the deaf person could speak. Depending on deafness and when they became deaf, a person who is deaf is still understandable." ]	[ "I would suspect something like binaural recording would come into play. You can listen to the results here: _URL_0_" ]
Why the UK and europe uses flat-fronted lorries, where-as the USA uses trucks with an engine bay on the front like cars.	[ "The flat fronted trucks are called \"cab-overs\". They were fairly popular in the US a few decades ago when overall length (truck and trailer) was a factor in legality. However, nowadays, the standard van trailer is capped at 53 feet in the US--when it's connected to a conventional truck, they're still legal. Long...	[ "Human babies are born very early, before they are actually developed. We don't know exactly why for sure, but there are a few theories. The main one is that it's because the human brain (and skull) is so big. The theory goes that the baby has to be delivered while the head is still as small as possible, in order t...
Why is the Second Amendment the only one in the Bill of Rights to include a justification?	[ "[This question](_URL_2_) has been asked before if you're unaware and its has some interesting responses." ]	[ "Police aren't always effective, and often can't show up in time. For example, [here is an example where a mother with her 2 year old son were home alone when a man was breaking in.](_URL_0_) She called 911, but the police wouldn't be able to get there in time. With no other choice, she shot the intruder, after ask...
Why does Alcohol relieve pain?	[ "Alcohol is a depressant, meaning that it gives a sensation of relaxation while at the same time lowering the intensity of all sensations, pain included. I assume you are talking about when Alcohol is consumed and not when it is rubbed over a wound or something along those lines." ]	[ "The air in our atmosphere is constantly pushing down on us, although this pressure does vary all the time. This is called barometric pressure. Low pressure in the atmosphere tends to have storms that come with them ( why that is, is meteorological and some one could expand on that). When low pressure \"fronts\" co...
Pregnant woman craving certain food, and the story is that their bodies are telling them that it needs something in the food which their body is deficient of. Is there any credible science to back this up?	[ "This was asked about [3 months ago](_URL_0_) (with the exclusion of stipulation about being pregnant). The top comment from [dontcorrectmyspellin](_URL_0_c3whvl4) - Biochemical Nutrition \| Micronutrients: > Biochemical Nutrition PhD student here. > Cravings can come in a lot of forms, and can often guide us to w...	[ "Your visual system is highly attuned to movement in general, since moving things are more likely to be potentially dangerous. This doesn't explain positive feelings toward flashing lights, but it does explain why they draw attention. As for those positive feelings, well, there's a trick with some animals where if ...
Does salt really repels cockroaches?	[ "The only work I can find on salt repelling cockroaches is very old, and works with dissolved salts. The rejection threshold for ordinary table salt (NaCl) is relatively high, and at low concentrations, it is actually preferred to equally concentrated sucrose solution ([Frings, 1946](_URL_0_)). Responses were highl...	[ "Nobody knows why or even if it works, but that and variations of it are common practise in many countries. Cultural memes are like that, they spread, even if they don't have any real function." ]
What is about being petted that pets likes so much. Also why does it seem to extend to some none domesticated animals	[ "Most animals enjoy being petted or massaged the same way we humans do. Obviously, some species reserve this treatment for their mates or kind only, but insofar as pets are concerned, they're basically getting free massages, so their happy campers. Do note, however, that some animals are extremely sensitive and can...	[ "Particle on skin may cause danger, scratching removes particle (hopefully), relief of the damaging particle releases feel good chemicals into blood. At the same time scratching slightly damages skin, skin damage releases feel good chemical into blood to counteract pain. So kind of a mix of both." ]
Pi conundrum. [Mathematics]	[ "I believe that this answers your question and explains the fallacy in this comic quite nicely: _URL_0_" ]	[ "Interesting question! I'm assuming you're defining the problem as having 10 doors, 9 of which have a goat -- like the original problem with 3 doors, 2 having a goat. It seems to me, off hand, that if you get multiple turns, then you just keep going, picking arbitrarily as the host shows more and more goats, and ev...
How can so many animals, defensively or aggressively, instinctively know or seemingly easily learn that the neck is a major weak spot?	[ "You said it... instinctively. As to how that came to be? Evolution. Animals which attacked weak points on their prey or predators were more successful, bred more, and they're the ancestors of the animals we know today. Evolution is an arms race, and having an advantage means your genes get to keep going." ]	[ "All human body hair covering falls under two categories: either the hair is located in places where it helps to reduce friction (armpits, inner thighs, around the nipples, etc...), or in areas where there is a large amount of heat transfer (specifically, the head), and exists to regulate temperature. To answer yo...
In medieval Europe what were your options for armor?	[ "Did you have a period and region that you have in mind? Armour changes a great deal through the Middle Ages and is somewhat dependent upon region as well." ]	[ "Could you specify your question (time, place)? \"Dark Ages\" refers to many different time periods in history, but I am assuming you mean the Early Middle Ages? This is a pretty wide topic to cover in a reddit thread." ]
Why does "scruffing" some animals (picking them up by their scruff) make them paralyzed?	[ "This is how the parent picks up and relocates the baby animal. This instinct causes the babies to cooperate when the parent feels the need to do so. In many cases the instinct outlasts the animal's youth, even though it's no longer needed." ]	[ "A few things to realize before trying to draw conclusions like this: * Science is an evolving process that doesn't end with a single study. One study's results could be refined or contradicted by other studies, and it takes multiple iterations to suss out the truth. * Science journalism is terrible. University PR ...
How do anti-discrimination employment rules affect states where you can be still be fired for no good reason?	[ "[At-Will Employment](_URL_0_) An employee who believes they were terminated unlawfully (be it a violation of public policy doctrine or a federal statute) would file an investigation." ]	[ "Each county Telco's have something called Termination fee. That is when you call some one; The company dosent charge you for calling, it charges for Terminating the call in their network. YOU-- > Your TELCO-- > US TELCO-- > US PHONE -- > Your friend. US Phone--Termination fee-- > Your Telco-Bill for a call - > Y...
Why does a bar magnet split in half become two bar magnets rather than magnetic monopoles?	[ "It's a question of the orientation rather than charge (as best we understand, there are no magnetic monopoles^1 )-- think of the iron atoms in the bar magnet as all (well, not all, but many of them) having a magnetic dipole moment that points in the same way. The south/north poles of the magnet are just determined...	[ "You're on the right track. Microwaves, as you'd expect, heat with waves. Depending on where you are in the waveform, you may get lots of heating or hardly any, so the food doesn't always heat evenly. Rotating platters improve this a fair bit, but it's still not perfect. This gets worse if anything's frozen. Liquid...
Why is the black box sending 33.31khz, don't lower frequencies travel farther?	[ "My guess would be that ultrasound pingers can be made much smaller and more robust. I don't think you could make a device to create loud infrasound that would be small, last long on a small battery, or survive a plane crash into water. Other factors could be how quiet it is above 30kHz, as that's higher than dolph...	[ "It kind of does. Picture and sound are actually recorded quiet separately. Usually they're literally recorded separately — using separate machines — but sometimes they're recorded in the camera but using separate recording mechanisms. What matters is just that picture and sound end up synchronized. The fundame...
China has ceased stockpiling US Dollars.....What does this mean, and what are some of the effects we'll see, short & long term?	[ "It's terribly complicated and economists are going to disagree quite a bit, but it's probably good news for everybody except for China's export industry. The big trends will be that US debt will get a bit cheaper, but given the US Federal Reserve Bank's policies, it will probably just gobble up those bonds that Ch...	[ "Let's say toll roads are run by Wal Mart. They then offer a discount - you can drive to Wal Mart for free, but still have to pay a toll when you go anywhere else. Sounds good, right? But then next year they double or triple the toll. Soon you can't afford to shop anywhere EXCEPT WalMart. Every other store then go...
Hesiods three generations of man.	[ "I think that you're looking for a historical origin to something that's primarily a literary trope. The world's going to hell and the general sense of cosmological decline that will lead to the world's destruction is somewhat common in mythological stories, and the idea that destruction came about due to sin (the ...	[ "I'm not familiar with that claim. Where did you hear it? I know Herodotus claims Phoenicians sailed from the Red Sea to the Levant coast. Is that what you're talking about?" ]
Are there organisms that have evolved two separate tracts for food and oxygen?	[ "Insects do not breathe via their mouthparts. They have holes on the sides of their bodies which are like tunnels leading into their bodies. This is a good starting point: _URL_0_" ]	[ "There are quantifiable species-area relationships. For example, in a given area, there are a finite amount of resources, let's say, bunny rabbits. A coyote needs some number of bunny rabbits to eat. One can then estimate the maximum number of coyotes if you know the number of bunnies. This can be extrapolated out ...
Can paralyzed people get erections?	[ "depends on the reason they are paralysed, and the specific nerves (if neurological) affected , so potentially, yes they can." ]	[ "Well, there is very little data on this for obvious reasons. However the story of Genie* is one modern case of this happening. Reading about that is probably the most information you'll find on the subject. *_URL_0_" ]
Why isn't the asteroid belt coalescing into another planet?	[ "Gravitational perturbations caused by Jupiter prevent the material in the asteroid belt from coalescing into planetesimals, which are the precursors to planets." ]	[ "A long time ago in places like Greece, Rome and even before that in really, really long ago places like Sumeria, and Egypt people made up stories about the stars/planets and the pictures they thought groups of stars made. These stories were usually about beings they considered to be gods or demigods (the word demi...
What is 20/20 vision? How is it any different from average eyesight?	[ "20/20 vision means you can see from 20 feet away what someone with good vision would see from 20 feet away. As your eyesight gets worse, you might be at 20/50 so you see at 20 feet what someone with good eyesight sees from 50 feet away. [source](_URL_0_)" ]	[ "This is to do with the type of camera/film used and as the decades move on you see an improvement in camera technology - I wish there was more to it that that but that's about it I think." ]
Why Is Australia A Day Ahead of The Rest of The World?	[ "Well, they aren't, really. What it makes it seem like they're a day ahead is because they are one side of the International Date Line, and we (assuming you're an American) are on the other. In reality, Australia (Sydney, specifically) is about 16 hours ahead of the Western US, and about 13 hours ahead of the Easte...	[ "You mean the Animal Planet one? Hype and marketing. Then it became a euphemism for menstruation (I'll fill you in if you want, but it's gross sex stuff...) and took on a life of its own." ]
I'm an English knight from somewhere between 1000-1400 and I get taken hostage in battle. What if my ransom doesn't get paid?	[ "Hostage negotiations could go on for years, with the prisoners being held in a wide variety of situations, from luxury to pretty miserable (but not usually so miserable they'd die - the captors would lose their money). The captors might ask for 100,000 livres, the family might counter and say 10,000, the captors m...	[ "Men wore armor for a reason. Full suits were lighter than popular fiction portrays, only in the neighborhood of 40 pounds, which when distributed properly is almost no weight at all. The advent of full armored plate allowed fighters to eschew a shield, which was bulky and cumbersome, and carry larger and more effe...
Why do we only eat certain foods for breakfast?	[ "If you live an agrarian(farm) lifestyle in the morning you would milk the cow and gather the eggs in the morning. The morning meal has the least prep time so quicker foods are better. You don't need to wait for pancakes or cereal to rise. Toast was often made from the day-old bread . Many Dinner/Supper type meals ...	[ "> Let's say a king wanted to have meeting at 7am back in the 1400s. They didn't, because they didn't schedule like that. They would say \"an early meeting at daybreak\" and then the king would start the meeting at this convenience." ]
The advantages and disadvantages of a quad/multi-copter over a helicopter	[ "Quadcopters are a very inefficient design from both a power use and a lift capacity standpoint. Compared to traditional single or tandem rotor helicopters though they are much easier to fly with simple controls." ]	[ "Two drawbacks I can think of, off the top of my head: 1. Minority suppression: If the population consisted of two groups who hated each other, and group is bigger than the other, guess which group will get a raw deal with all laws and rules. 2. Everyone is not really equal: Say you have two nuclear scientists and ...
Why do my muscles hurt after using them?	[ "Lactic acid build up within the muscle may cause pain. Muscle tightness also may cause pain in the muscle." ]	[ "so many variables can affect your performance. Sleep, diet, stress, etc. Depending on the type of routine you are doing you might not be giving your body enough recovery time working out every day." ]
How can Amazon do next day delivery?	[ "There is a deadline each evening for products to be ordered next day. Then an hour or so after the deadline, the UPS or Fed Ex guy picks those packages up on his/her way back to their center. They are then put on an airplane and flown overnight to the destination -UPS employee" ]	[ "They 've got something like this _URL_0_ It has a lot of cameras on it, capturing every angle. Then, the video is processed so that you can turn your phone and change the angle." ]
What were to happen if NK shelled Seoul and killed a few thousand people, but threatened to use nukes on the US if they intervened.	[ "South Korea would wipe North off the map. South Korea spends more on its military than North Korea's government spends, total." ]	[ "How far away the earth is from the sun is directly proportional to how fast it travels around it. For non-five-year-olds, the equation is: v = sqrt(GM / r) So if you double the speed around the sun, the distance closes proportionally to v^2 so we'd suddenly be four times closer to the sun. All life would die, and ...
If bacteria can't survive in the cold, then why do we get sick when it's winter?	[ "Bacteria can survive in the cold. However biological organisms have certain temperature ranges where they operate well, while outside those ranges the chemical reactions are slowed down. Most bacteria have evolved along animals as hosts, so they like it quite warm (a bit under body temperature) & are most active i...	[ "Seasons are the result of the tilt of the Earth. Earth spins on a slight angle compared to the circle of its orbit around the Sun. This means that at different times of year, the poles are pointed towards or away from the Sun. This affects how much daylight the poles get, with the impact decreasing as you get towa...
Why is the range of AM radio stations longer at night?	[ "During the day, there's an upper layer of the atmosphere called the \"Ionosphere D Layer\". The D layer is a very good absorber of low frequency signals (such as AM broadcast bands at 550Khz to 1600Khz). As the sun goes down, the D layer of the ionosphere dissipates and all that is left is the F-layer. The F-layer...	[ "Differing Alpha and Beta levels within the brain. Everyone is wired differently and most likely the time you go to bed affects the said levels. This also changes when you age as well. There's a japanese article that goes into detail about this but I can't find it" ]
How close do you have to be to a car to benefit from "drafting". Can you get better gas mileage while still keeping a good distance?	[ "It depends on the aerodynamics of the cars involved. Pull your minivan a couple car lengths behind a semi-trailer, you'll feel the drafting effect. If you have two fast cars with good aerodynamic coefficients, you need to be less than a foot apart." ]	[ "It's basically the same thing as asking all your friends for money, except the idea is that you're saying \"if I ride my bike across America, then will you donate a pledged amount to this charity?\" The idea is that you're doing something hard or complicated, and in return/as a \"reward\" of sorts, your friends g...
Why are circuit boards colored green as opposed to other colors?	[ "Nowadays you can find boards in many other colors other then green (black, white, red, purple, etc). As for why it has been green since forever there are some theories I found: Military requirement Consequence of the fact that originally the base resin was brownish yellow and when mixed with the hardener (muddy br...	[ "Because the law required them to be back-ward compatible with anything and everything ever invented. And people expect them to look a certain way, so they keep it up. And because it's a lot of time from Very Important Useless People (congressmen) to change the law for something that's really not that important. Am...
How can schools/universities put so much emphasis and consequences on plagiarism when the professors/teachers blatantly plagiarize lecture materials like power-points as their own without consequences?	[ "I don't know what kind of professors you have, but all mine have/had sources and citations in their lectures." ]	[ "Because they use a separate company to provide ads, which come from different web servers. Imagine they're people. Dave works for the pizza company, he delivers your pizza. Sarah works for marketing company, she delivers the ads. Now, you could put a camera on your porch. Then you only open the door for Dave, but ...
How can a border wall be authorized/built by an executive order?	[ "Congress needs to allocate funds in order to begin paying for construction, the President is able to move without them by using executive orders like he has done this week and the former president did last year, but as far as I know he cannot actually PAY for any programs with this tool. If he were to use the army...	[ "There are a lot of people in the world who don't care about laws, or the laws of other countries, or the property rights of other people. For example if you stole a piece of art from someone in England that a wealthy member of the royal family in Saudi Arabia wanted they probably don't care at all that it was stol...
What makes some sounds scary/ominous while others happy/uplifting?	[ "Consonance and Dissonance! Sounds are waves. Sometimes, those waves stack up into nice sounds because all the waves run on frequencies that go together well. This is consonance. Sometimes, those waves will be running in different ways, not really lining up you see, and that makes the frequencies sound like they wa...	[ "Imagine you had several separate stereos that each played one element of a song; One stereo for the lead vocals, another for the bass, another for the keyboard, etc. In that scenario, you could adjust the volume and equalizer of each stereo separately, turn them on and off at will, change the timing of when each e...
Why are there anti-smoking ads everywhere while alcohol (which can be addictive and dangerous too) is being promoted like crazy?	[ "The tobacco industry spent decades lying to the American public about the dangers of smoking. The outright claimed it was good for you and faked scientific studies to say it didn't cause cancer. They got sued for a bunch of money over this. One of the terms of the settlement was that they needed to fund anti-smok...	[ "The foods one I can answer. We evolved to like high caloric foods because we needed the calories when we were struggling to survive. Thus fatty or sugary foods taste good to us because it used to be great to eat them. Well now it's too easy to overindulge and weve made processed foods that have way more fat or sug...
time - How do we "travel" through time?	[ "Richard Muller's recent book \"Now: The Physics of Time\" is a great read that may provide you with fodder to appease your kid. Basically, his hypothesis is that the reason time flows from past to future is because of its necessary connection to space in the form of space-time. Because new space is being constant...	[ "From my understanding (and if there are any neurologists please come and correct me) it’s less about seeing and more about stimulating the same firing pattern across your neurons as if you had seen it. Essentially you can force your brain to act as if something was happening when it hasn’t." ]
What is the 4th dimensional analog?	[ "You can just use the term volume or perhaps hyper-volume if you want to emphasise that you're talking about > 3 dimensions. More technically, you might call it a [Lebesgue measure](_URL_0_), though this doesn't distinguish between dimensions." ]	[ "Sure and in fact this has already been done. The Russians built a fully electronic ternary computer in the 50s. _URL_0_ Worth noting that DNA uses a Quaternary encoding of information (although there isn't really what we would consider to be calculation logic inside cells)" ]
How is race socially constructed rather than biologically? Considering phenotypic and genotypic variation?	[ "The biological differences that make up what we see as race are a very small portion of human genetics. The caveat is that they are visible features. So you can have two people of the same ''race\" who differ more genetically, but invisibly, than two people of two different races, who may be quite similar genetica...	[ "Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?" ]
As Christmas is around the corner, can someone please explain why Jehovah's Witnesses don't celebrate it?	[ "Jehovah's Witnesses don't celebrate Christmas because of a few reasons: Jesus commanded to commemorate his death and not his birth. Early apostles and disciples didn't celebrate Christmas. There is no proof Jesus was born on December 25th. They believe Christmas isn't approved by God as it is rooted in pagan custo...	[ "I believe this was answered in another thread, so to make a long story short, the [Red Cross did most of the leg work of delivering mail to prisoners of war](_URL_0_), at least in the European theater. Mail would be routed through a neutral country such as [Portugal, Switzerland or Sweden] (_URL_1_), then sent on ...
When regarding meat we refer to chicken as chicken, duck as duck, but why do we refer to cow as beef and pig as pork?	[ "If I may generalise a little, the names for foods came from Norman French, the language of William the Conqueror's court and the English nobility for a couple of hundred years after. The ordinary man, who got the names for his animals from the Saxons, did not eat them. Therefore the predominant French usage pushed...	[ "A CPU can be considered a \"jack of all trades\" processor. It packs many functions under the hood to be able to do all sorts of things. At one time before graphics cards became pretty much standard for playing PC games, they even did the processing for that. A CPU can and in most situations has other chips helpin...
What Is The Point of Introns?	[ "There are several 'points' to them. First of all, the cell may not really have control over the placement of introns. Transposable elements that have inserted themselves into the middle of a gene may (given time) lose their transposition ability and become what is functionally an intron (as long as the cell is abl...	[ "Yeah, the Earth gets hit all the time by cosmic rays which are mostly high energy protons. Older TV and computer monitors use beams of electrons to produce images on the screen. Free neutrons come from radioactive decay and nuclear reactors." ]
Wouldn't Venus be an easier planet to terraform than Mars?	[ "- If we knew how to reverse the greenhouse effect, we'd already be doing it on earth. - Venus has an atmosphere, but it's mostly CO2 and the atmospheric pressure is 92 times what it is on Earth. - The mean surface temperature of Venus is 735 K. Basically, Venus is shockingly hostile to humans." ]	[ "Because we are very close relatively speaking in terms of evolution. We are, in a broad sense, not \"very\" different to each other. That's why it's hard. For example, Nicotine (and caffeine) were created by plants to attack insect \"brains\" and those molecules also bind to humans brains. But it can be done!, one...
Why is it so uncommon for restaurants to serve both Coca-Cola and Pepsi products?	[ "I think they have contracts stating that they can only sell products from that one company, whether they choose Coke or Pepsi." ]	[ "This is from 2008: _URL_0_ Better deal to buy nationwide advertising instead of of a regional area, and it can build hype up. I know where I grew up, they built a Sonic and it was popular at first, no it's not the south either." ]
Some pregnancy tests advertise that they are easier to read than other pregnancy tests. Why are some difficult to read? Can't there be one that just says Yes or No?	[ "Classically it's one blue line to show that the test was working and you peed on the stick correctly. Then a second appeared if it was positive. There isn't something to test for that only happens when your not pregnant so you can't make a chemical dye read out no instead of yes." ]	[ "Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: how do metal detectors work? ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5 how do metal detectors work? ](_URL_3_) 1. [ELI5: How does a metal detector work? ](_URL_5_) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ](_URL_7_) 1. ...
how do we get stomachache when we don't have pain receptors in our digestive systems	[ "Sometimes the pain is just near the stomach (further along or before it in the digestive tract - such as acid reflex bubbling out your stomach back towards your mouth or gas in the gut). Sometimes your stomach can physically contract and twist (think of the feeling just before wretching/being sick), and this too y...	[ "Because of sugar. It wasn't until \"recently\" in human existence that we started using artificial ingredients in our food and other byproducts. Our bodies were design to only eat meat and vegetables, things we could find out in the wilderness. Our genetic code didn't prepare our bodies to fight off the large amou...
Why are certain animals (e.g. dogs, cats) domesticated more commonly than other animals (e.g. deer, raccoons, etc)?	[ "Dogs and cats are better suited for the tasks we give them. There is not a lot that a deer can do that something else we have tamed could do more efficiently. Although reindeer are used in extremely cold environments that would not be good for horses." ]	[ "The mass of an animal is a function of the mean density of its tissues times its volume. When increasing an animals size, its weight will grow as a cubic function. The weight comes into play when determining the momentum of the animal just before it hits the ground - a heavy animal dropped from the same height as ...
If matter is neither created or destroyed, then where did all the matter that exists now come from?	[ "There are a few theories about this, but nobody is 100% sure. The most credible scientific theory is called the Big Bang. That is, at some point billions of years ago, space and time was all balled up in a singularity that can only be described as infinitely dense. Since density of this magnitude cannot be sustain...	[ "This is a small complaint, but you don't have a theory about antimatter. You have a conjecture. I don't know enough about the topic to say if it has any possible credence or not, but a theory requires a lot more work than \"hmmm, maybe it's this!\" This is not supposed to discourage you wondering or asking, just h...
What was the reaction of most people when Haiti won independence in 1804? How did the American people feel about abandoning former allies?	[ "1- It was really more disease that doomed the French more so then anything. 2- Southerners were scared shitless by the Haitian rebellion, and for good reason. Although a few people supported Haiti in secret, such as John Adams, it was not in your political interest to side with the rebels. The United States went o...	[ "Greetings everyone. In the few minutes this sub has been up, it's attracting sub-standard responses. Just a reminder of a few of the rules: * no responses covering events/conditions post-1994, per this sub's \"20-year rule\" prohibiting discussion of current events * no anecdotes * no speculation OP: your question...
How did humans figure out which part of the brain does what? (Eg. the cerebellum is responsible for balance and muscle movement)	[ "Brain damage to certain areas and studying how this altered people's behaviour and skills was the first key to knowing what was happening." ]	[ "We know what the various structures within an eyeball do- the rods, cones, and so on. Some structures have to do with color, or depth perception, or other visual elements. By dissection of other species eyeballs and seeing the similarities and differences in the numbers and types of structures scientists are abl...
why I'm better at video games when I'm leaning forward at the edge of my chair as opposed to sitting back with my feet up.	[ "Follow up question, I get the leaning = focus part, but what about when you shift your body left and right when you're maneuvering in-game obstacles?" ]	[ "[The comments on this gif](_URL_0_) explain it, specifically [this one](_URL_0_csz5f42): > It's called retinoscopy. You shine a narrow beam through the pupil and focus it on the retina. Then you move the beam up and down. If the beam moves up or down on the retina too fast or too slow compared to your own movemen...
Why do we use Hitler as the figurehead for WW2 atrocities when Stalin was arguably worse?	[ "Our relationship with Hitler was very simple, he was the enemy. Our relationship with Stalin was a bit more complex, we needed him as an ally in the war, even though we knew there were serious ideological differences and he would be our biggest opponent once the war was over. But we needed the USSR as an ally..." ...	[ "I'll try my best to explain this as unbiased as possible. A lot of people here think Tesla was the second coming of Christ, but in reality: 1. Edison was a businessman. 2. Tesla was a scientist/inventor. This is why Edison came out on top. Many people argue that Tesla could have brought technology so much farther....
Most efficient heat exchange location on human body	[ "The hypothalamus (a part of the brain) is devoted to maintaining a stable environment in the body, in terms of temperature there's a few ways in which it does this, once of which is either dilating or constricting the capillaries in our extremities. This is in concert with starting or stopping sweat production an...	[ "It goes back to what you said. We detect changes in temperature, but not temperature itself. Feeling warm is nice because it takes us from being cold to being warm. However, feeling warm isn't nice when you are overheated; being in front of an air conditioner would. It's all about what maintains homeostasis at the...
Is it better for your eyes to be looking at a bright monitor or a dim monitor?	[ "Don't get caught up in the idea of \"better\". Current theories of ergonomics recommend reducing glare and taking breaks when prolonged monitor use is expected. Eyes strain does not permanently damage your eyes (no kids, reading in the dark won't make you blind), just makes them dry and uncomfortable since the eye...	[ "Well, you shouldn't do it for too long... but the basic premise is that the light is coming in at an angle to the earth's atmosphere, meaning that the sunlight is both scattered by a lot more air that it has to cross to get to you, and because the intensity is reduced: for instance, check out this image. _URL_0_ ...
What was the last time a capital ship was captured during wartime by an enemy and repurposed for use in their own navy?	[ "Since your question seems to be excluding war prizes (IE ships taken or transferred after hostilities) and limited to capital ships, four Russian ships the Battle of Tsushima under Rear Admiral Nebogatov struck their colors at the end of the battle. These ships, the modern battleship Oryol, the aged battleship *...	[ "[The Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks](_URL_1_) are pretty much go-to in terms of finding major/commonly-assigned primary documents in simple text format. The faculty in my department use Fordham docs a ton in assigning readings. I use the [Public Records Office of Northern Ireland](_URL_0_) online selection, ...
The student's T-test	[ "Somehow you seemed to have missed the almost obligatory statistics course. You will need a good statistician to guide you. You will formulate a null hypothesis. You will test two distinct populations. Try to get a large number. Most calculators have the formulas built in." ]	[ "Parents of children and teenagers also like the idea of not needing to pay tuition for their kids, or of their kids not being crushed under ridiculous student debt." ]
Political Parties in the 1900s	[ "That's simply not true. Democrats were always the pro-agriculture party, and Republicans were always the pro-business party. But Democrats always supported social programs more, and environmentalism is very much a modern thing. Democrats were, however, once the religious, traditionalist party. But then the Civil...	[ "Is there a specific region and time period you are interested in? If not, your question would break our \"poll type\" question rule." ]
Why are objects of different mass pulled to the Earth at the same speed?	[ "Inertia. Larger objects do experience a larger pull, but because they have a larger inertia they need this larger pull to make them accelerate. F=ma. If you have more mass, you need a larger force to achieve the same acceleration. [Veritasium- Misconceptions about falling objects](_URL_0_)" ]	[ "Think of the elephant as a million feathers tied together. A million feathers don't fall faster than one feather, whether they are tied together or not. (If you ignore the effect of the air, which is of course huge.)" ]
Why is the default color for a disconnected projector blue?	[ "This is likely in place from the CRT day. CRT TVs used phosphors which were stimulated by an electron beam. The Green and Red phosphors hit color saturation at a much lower setting and as a result would become damaged and wear out the fastest. The blue phosphors needed to be cranked way up to hit saturation so wer...	[ "If you're talking about [pictures like these](_URL_0_), they are taken with electrons instead of light, so they don't have any information about color (what wavelengths of light are reflected). In that picture, Ladanov made images at three different voltage levels. Then he combined the three images by making each ...
How does a microphone work?	[ "There are a lot of different types of microphones, but the simplest kind is called a dynamic microphone--it's what you normally see on stage with a singer. They're basically just speakers wired backwards, and you can actually use speakers as microphones and vice versa if you switch the wiring up! (although they do...	[ "It doesn't. There's no science behind it at all. It's all the ideomotor effect." ]
When and why did Mendelssohn's "A Midsummer Night's Dream" become the most popular musical accompaniment for wedding ceremonies?	[ "Not to answer the question, but for anyone else puzzled by the question, this is the tune the OP is talking about. You will recognize it when you hear it. I never knew the name. _URL_3_" ]	[ "You are on the correct trail in researching Milankovitch cycles. The question of does it effect weather is really one of time-scales. The characteristic time scale of Axial precession (wobble) is 26,000 years so any effect on our 'weather' would be on similar time-scales. It is basically impossible for something w...
To prevent water and shock damage, why can't the electronic components within mobile phones just be encapsulated in an airtight rubber or plastic coating/mould?	[ "The cost of doing so exceeds the off chance you are going to drop your phone in the toilet. Also, since most people get a new phone every two years or so, it doesn't make that much sense to invest in durability." ]	[ "\"Acid\" is a broad term that encompasses a lot of different materials, each of which has different reactivity (even though there may be some commonalities). Talking about \"a really corrosive acid that’ll slowly melt or disintegrate an object\" is close to meaningless unless you specify what the acid is, and wha...
Do government employees like James Bond exist?	[ "Your average \"spy\" looks like a pencil pushing bean counter in an Embassy... because he/she is a pencil pushing bean counter. Most spying is done in the context of \"I work at the US embassy and occasionally have a couple beers with some of the locals... who happen to know some interesting stuff\"." ]	[ "Are you sure that is what is happening? My boss pays a yearly fee to go through security faster but he also had to go through an extensive background check and interview process to get that luxury." ]
How do people become better at things than others? As in say you had 2 people practice the guitar 3 hours a day, 7 days a week, chances are one would become better than the other. What causes this?	[ "I think there are many factors at play here, possibly too many to take into consideration. However, using your scenario, inherent ability plays a major role. Some people are born with things like perfect pitch and very good hand eye coordination and good memory skills, making guitar playing easier. Things like mot...	[ "[From the bottom of that article:](_URL_0_) Why are there differences in processing times among regions and offices? Visa offices face different challenges operating in different countries and regions, and even in different offices within the same region. Various factors can affect the time it takes to process...
If a person has heavily used antibiotics, does that specific person have a weaker immune response than normal, or has that person just contributed to antibiotic resistance in general?	[ "You seem to confuse the terms a bit. Antibiotic resistance is a property of the bacteria, not the patients. Using a lot of antibiotics is likely to cause selective pressure for survival of resistant strains and expression of latent resistance genes, but except for the points raised by /u/hesitantrice it doesn't af...	[ "Sunscreen doesn't make you more prone to burning, but being pale does. That said, as public service advertising has drilled in to me (Aussie) for as long as I can remember, \"tanning is skin cells in trauma, theres nothing healthy about a tan.\" So while consistent sunscreen use can make you more pale, which mean...
How does file compression work? Where does the data go?	[ "EDIT: Crap, looked like I was the first one when I posted this. Ah well! Imagine that you’ve got a data file that goes like this… Ab4dg206666666666666563a You’ve got a string of 13 “6’s” there. What compression does (very, very basically) is that it takes that data, and turns it into something like this Ab4dg206x1...	[ "As a 5-year old, something you can relate to is Legos. Modern software design is just like Legos. The parts of the program are all built as standardized pieces. They can be taken apart and put back together in a variety of ways, but because of this use of standard parts, old parts can be removed and then new parts...
Why do some businesses have a credit card minimum, yet most others let you charge any amount to your card?	[ "Businesses have to pay for credit transactions. Large companies make a wide enough profit margin that the additional business they get by accepting cards offsets the cost. Smaller businesses have to pass this on to their few customers." ]	[ "Both of these answers are mainly guesses on my part. For the white label players, the networks aren't as focused on the quality of their video players since they aren't as invested in their working correctly. Hulu and Youtube make money by having an easy video streaming service, whereas networks make money by prov...
Why does HBO show all of the credits at the end of a movie when cable networks fast-forward through them?	[ "You pay extra for HBO. Cable networks rely on ad time. Faster credits means more time for ads." ]	[ "A combination of monopolistic practices in the mainstream and catered fetishes on the edges. Essentially, the company that owns PornHub put most of the mainstream porn sites out of business--and bought them all up pretty cheaply. So if you buy a video from a website or watch it on PornHub, it's all the same people...
Why did the 11th century king of Scotland have a Jewish name: David?	[ "Because it's a biblical name and because Christianity in the British isles dates back to very early. Probably at least the 2nd century for 'England', the 5th century for Ireland, and Irish missions into the Scottish north/west in the 6th century. Various biblical names spread and were adopted by Christians for use...	[ "New book coming out next month by Owsley and Jantz called Kennewick Man: The Scientific Investigation of an Ancient American Skeleton. For those who don't know, the ~9,500 year old remains of an adult male were discovered along the Columbia River in 1996. A firestorm of controversy erupted over the remains that...
Given that ancestors of modern-day humans emigrated out of Africa into Europe, and then spread across the continents, how did humans end up on remote locations such as the islands of the Pacific?	[ "Navigation, seafaring, and boats. In some instances, walking over land if sea levels permitted it. The lack of current archeological evidence for boating doesn't mean it didn't happen. Boats were probably made of animal skins, wood, bark, etc. These are highly perishable." ]	[ "Wayfinding. You can detect land by following where the birds fly from in the morning, or follow them back in the evening. You can also follow ocean “swell” to find other islands around your location. As for very remote islands with no other landmasses around, we are probably missing some information here. Ocean l...
Did the ancient Romans and Greeks have a propaganda machine like modern day governments to justify going to war ?	[ "Yes and no -- No, in answer to the propaganda machine, implying some sort of organ of state power that has means of monopolizing or manipulating mass media. These are hallmarks of the modern nation-state, not classical empires. But, yes, rulers had need to justify going to war when the support of the populace, or ...	[ "You have excellently clarified your original question with some more specific ones, but you might attract more, and better, answers if you specify a narrower time period or location. Did you have any in mind?" ]
What is all the controversy surrounding 'Rush Limbaugh'? (UK)	[ "A private citizen, Sandra Fluke wanted to testify before a congressional hearing to explain why contraceptives should be provided under insurance. The panel did not want to let her speak. Rush Limbaugh said a bunch of exceptionally rude things about her on the radio and was very, very impolite. The people who pay ...	[ "_URL_0_ < - Here is an article discussing this particular paper written by climate science experts. They go through and show why the paper is incorrect. _URL_1_ < - This article deals with several past models the author (Roy Spencer) has released. Basically the issue with Spencer is that he is convinced CO2 has no...
Why didn't Poland and Czechoslovakia have mutual defense pacts to defend against Germany prior to 1938.	[ "Borders disputes mainly, both claimed ownership of Cieszyn Silesia, Orava Territory and Spiš. They fought a short war over the territory in 1919 and while the crisis was diffused by the league of nations in 1924 it continued to strain relations. Another issue was over co-operation with the Soviet Union (they both ...	[ "Yes, Polynesians (and Micronesians) were aware of other islands and often traded with them. There were certainly battles between islands/groups of islands and centralised political control of large groups of islands. [The Tu'i Tongan Empire](_URL_2_) is probably the most famous of these. In the Marshalls, as in m...
Why can't we use capillary action to produce a perpetual energy machine?	[ "If you have ever seen a meniscus in a graduated cylinder you will have your answer. Water will climb the sides but even if you fill water up to the top of the cylinder the water will not climb over the top. Having something above the top (like a pool of water) is only going to exert pressure against this climbing ...	[ "Quoting [Wikipedia](_URL_0_) (a bit naughty, but it's a nice way to express what I think): > The proposed theory is inconsistent with quantum mechanics and critics have ruled it out on those grounds. Which is essentially saying what you pointed out, yes. If what they're doing is as easy as it sounds - just runnin...
the proposal to “split” California into 3 states?	[ "California is a really big state. Not only is it large geographically, but it is also the [5th largest economy](_URL_0_) in the world (if taken on its own)and has a population of just under 40 million making it a significant country in most of the world under that criteria as well. On top of that California's popu...	[ "As mentioned by others, this account of Britain sounds highly suspect. I would like to drop in with a bonus, though. The form of marriage you're describing, though extremely rare, does exist. It is called polyandry. One case I know of where it actually does take place is Tibet. The practice is only found in remote...
How do shock waves compress a fluid (for instance in an aircraft engine inlet) when the total pressure downstream of a shock is less than the pressure upstream?	[ "Hit a tennis ball with a tennis racket There's no pressure opposite the racket (on the side of the ball not getting hit by the racket), however the ball gets compressed It's the same idea with a fluid. A fluid has inertia and drag. A shock wave is \"hitting\" the fluid and causing a localized increase of pressure"...	[ "Our eardrums vibrate - but that's not how our brain senses sound. The eardrum only transfers the sound from the outer ear to the inner ear. Within the inner ear is the cochlea, the part that actually senses the sound. The cochlea is filled with a fluid, and the sound is transferred into this fluid. Along the insid...
Why are flies so fucking loud?	[ "Below about 1000 Hz the same amount of sound pressure sounds quieter the lower your frequency. Bees and wasps have four wings, flies have two. Meaning that flies have to beat a bit harder to move as much. Flies beat their wings with a frequency of at least 200 Hz up to around 1000Hz for some of them. Bees top out...	[ "If you are adding waves together from unknown sources you get what is called \"Incoherent addition.\" Which is to say, you don't know if you have \"constructive\" or \"destructive\" interference between all of the sources. The average interference is what gives you the \"incoherent\" value. The normal value we use...
Since time is relative, if I were in a place where 1 hour was 5 years on earth and I had a video feed of earth, what would I see?	[ "You're actually modeling a spaceship going relativistic speeds (and at that rate of compression, pretty close to the speed of light), where time passes slow on the ship compared to on the earth. Your question is the same as \"if there was some means of instantaneous communication, what would the people on the ship...	[ "All of the map's data is available, but not always loaded. Instead, the game loads only what is pertinent to the player and the information is left behind once it becomes irrelevant. You can truly notice the effects of this when travelling very quickly across the map, such as in a plane or helicopter. You'll notic...
How do the chains on a bicycle work?	[ "Torque is the result of multiplying force by distance. The reason that it's easier to turn a nut with a wrench is because you are applying the force some distance away from the axis. Move twice as far away, and you only need half the force to develop the same torque. Bicycle gears work the same way. In the lowest ...	[ "I encourage you to check out this youtube video _URL_0_ Explains it better than I can" ]
This is the ELI5 subreddit and everyone knows that, what's the use of the tag ELI5 then ?	[ "People who have ELI5 on their front page don't know that unless they look at the subreddit. Having it in the title makes it clear and helps prevent the helpful scientists of the world from accidentally giving detailed and complicated answers to someone looking for a more layman explanation but happened to ask it i...	[ "Have you ever wondered what's inside your bouncy ball? Imagine it was too small to cut but you really, really wanted to know. What you might want to try is throwing it into something so hard that it breaks and you can see the smaller parts. Of course, if you only have another bouncy ball because that's the only th...
Where does body heat come from?	[ "The catabolism of sugar, fat, and protein with oxygen to make ATP (basically transferring energy from chemical bonds to a different type of bond that is used by the body's cells as fuel) is not 100% efficient. This produces heat and thus warms our blood. The blood circulates to your core and warms your body. Heat...	[ "Now, your runny nose may not seem like rocket science, but it does involve a bit of thermodynamics. One of the main functions of the nose is to warm and humidify the air that we breathe so that when it reaches your lungs, it's nice and conditioned. And in order to do this, the nose has to add some moisture to it. ...
We hear about groups like the Mongols or the armies of Alexandar the Great who slaughter whole cities - How was that done, and what was the reaction of the slaughters?	[ "I've heard the mongol hordes employed a three-flag system. I think it went yellow, red, and black in terms of severity, but that's really the point here. they would lay siege to a city with the first flag raised, demanding all able-bodied men in the city join the horde. if this went unheeded, the second flag was r...	[ "Normal weapons are localized. A machine gun can only fire in one direction, an artillery shell can only hit one spot, and even bombs have a smallish blast radius. You can avoid hitting things that you don't want to hit, and if you're not the USA people can call you out for hitting things you shouldn't. Chemical we...
If 90% of CFCs are produced in the Northern hemisphere, is inter-hemisphere transport the mechanism by the southern hemisphere contains similar concentrations of CFCs?	[ "Read your own source carefully again, it has the answer for you. There are a few steps: * CFC's Emitted mostly in northern hemisphere. * Thorough mixing occurs in lower atmosphere over a period of years (CFC's are mostly non-reactive and insoluble) * A portion of well-mixed tropical air rises from the lower atmosp...	[ "Netflix works with another company, Level3, to create a Content Distribution Network. The idea behind a CDN is to create multiple copies of the data and put it as close to the customer as possible. So, instead of everyone grabbing the videos from one centralized source, they distribute the content all over the wor...
Is salt water beneficial for healing wounds? If so, can you please explain how this works.	[ "salt water kills cells. you kill off more bacteria cells than your cells. your body will grow new cells to replace the dead ones. dead bacteria doesn't regrow." ]	[ "For sailors, at least, finding and charting beaches was very useful. Ships had to be replenished with fresh water and sometimes provisions, and finding a smooth beach with calm surf allowed ships to land boats, explore, and find streams and sources of food. A sheltered harbor would be even better than a beach, of ...

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