query stringlengths 20 300 | positive listlengths 1 1 | negative listlengths 1 1 |
|---|---|---|
How is it possible that Europa has as much or even more water than all of Earth when the size of Europa is considerably smaller? | [
"Europa is very far away from the sun, past a region called the ice line. The ice line is the region beyond which water (and a few other volatiles) can survive in clumps, and won't be broken up by the sun. Where Europa was forming, there was a lot of icy material around for it to accumulate and hold on to. Where Ea... | [
"When you take a pill it's not 100% the labeled medication. There are other ingredients that help it do its job and release when and how it is supposed to. Sometimes a medicine needs more extra ingredients to do its job so you end up with a bigger pill."
] |
How come we can increase our muscle mass but not our bone density? | [
"We can increase our bone density. If it happens too much, it would result in osteopetrosis. Nutrition affects the bone density as well as other factors. Calcium helps bones grow stronger, which means denser."
] | [
"Because of [adaptation](_URL_0_). Same reason you can't feel your clothing on your body. If you were to put a heavy hat on your head, you would initially feel it, but over time you would notice the hat less and less."
] |
Is there any truth to the whole "Lose one sense and the others become better"? | [
"I'll have to look up citation, but there is some developmental biology to support this. If you never you use a sense, that area of the brain is not fully utilized. It has also been found that these areas of the brain can change function. Studies on individuals with early onset blindness often show other senses act... | [
"If you want to keep balance you want the system measuring it somewhere that experiences the least acceleration during normal movement and that is the head. The position in the ear is useful, too, as it is further and on opposite sides from the center of the head and therefore experience more movement and in opposi... |
What is this bizarre intersection? | [
"It's called a [diverging diamond interchange](_URL_1_). It's considered one of the best recent innovations in interchange design because of all the [benefits it provides](_URL_0_). > It seems to make interchanging with I-77 easier Yep. That's just one of the benefits. > I imagine that it's super confusing for th... | [
"Google Android has a feature that sends location data to the google servers, even if you have GPS turned off. If you use a Google Android phone, you can actually view your own data if login to Google and goto this site: _URL_0_ What Google is doing is fetching all this data that is sent from all the Google Android... |
Why is it piece of mind and not peace of mind as that seems most logical given its use | [
"I think you're confusing idioms. It's \"peace of mind\" to refer to calmness or serenity, and \"a piece of (someone's/ your/ whatever) mind\", meaning a telling off."
] | [
"[The Straight Dope covered this](_URL_0_). Basically, they started out as being made by two different production teams, but after a certain point, they became essentially interchangeable, but they kept both names going."
] |
What happens during rehab and how does it work? | [
"There's a really good clip of Steve-o talking about this on Joe Rogan's podcast, but the gist is it's different for everyone. If it's severe enough, there's special clinics designed that keep you for a couple weeks, then you may go to a sort of \"halfway\" house apartment after that. Other people are there and the... | [
"There is this guy, who goes by the chosen name of The Doctor. He belongs to a species that mastered time. And so he has a time machine (called the TARDIS) which is also a space ship that travels as the speed of plot. Basically he can go anywhere or anywhen within a few minutes. He travels the universe doing good. ... |
Why were the moon missions called Apollo rather than Artemis? | [
"Artemis is the god*dess* of the moon, actually. But whether her gender played a factor in the choice of Apollo over Artemis is unknown to all but Abe Silverstein, the new Director of Space Flight, who named the project in 1960. According to Silverstein, he was captivated by the story in a book of Greek myths that ... | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] |
would HIV/AIDS cancel out leukemia? | [
"Not really, HIV is a virus, AIDS is a deficiency of CD4 white blood cells, and leukemia is a cancer causing elevated abnormal nonfunctioning white blood cells (there are more types than just CD4) That about as ELI5 as I can get, there is alot more science behind it, between the progenitor cell lines and such."
] | [
"Some searches: _URL_1_ Study suggests patients with less than 25% of recommended caloric intake are more likely to develop bloodstream infections originating from their hospital stays. _URL_2_ Correlation between malnutrition and hospital stay length _URL_0_ Might have some answers you're looking for. The opening ... |
How are compilers and programming languages made? Do they use a different pre-existing language as a mother language? | [
"Initially, programs were written using \"machine code\", which is raw binary data that directly controls the actions of the CPU. Eventually, human-readable \"assembly code\" was invented, and an \"assembler\" was written in machine code that could take the assembly code as input, and output the corresponding machi... | [
"just basic code that reads the source/html code of the reddit page. When you visit a website, they know exactly what page you've come from. Therefore imgur bots just look at the numbers, then looking up the heading in the source of the page"
] |
While I was on the observation deck (103 stories/1300 feet up) of the Willis (sears) tower, I noticed there were a lot of spiders on the outside of the windows. How do the spiders get up there and what do they eat to survive? | [
"Spiders will kite, using their silk as balloons, to float in the air and get to other places. This is how spiders can invade islands that are in the middle of the ocean. There are also insects that will kite like a spider, caterpillars and mites, and those are probably in the spiders' diet. Gnats are also somethin... | [
"Fruit flies can easily track down the scent of ripe or spoiled fruit, and since they are so small they can get into your house in a multitude of different ways. They then lay tiny eggs that grow up to be adult fruit flies in only just eight days. There may also already be eggs on fruit you buy from the store, that... |
What person, in all of history, has had the most political power? | [
"Leopold II, the worst person in history, owned Kongo Vrijstaat (Congo Free State). A colony 2,344,858 km2/905,355 sq mi - roughly 24% the size of the US. At the start it had a population of about 30 million (~1,7% of world pop.). When he was forced to turn it over to Belgium (of which he was the King) 16 million r... | [
"Is there a specific region and time period you are interested in? If not, your question would break our \"poll type\" question rule."
] |
What distinguishes species from their predecessors? | [
"> at what point would evolutionary biologists say that the animal was no longer a chicken? At what point does [this](_URL_0_) bar become black? Why is the point immediately to the left not black? \"Species\" is not a well defined term in biology. It is an attempt to impose discrete measurements on a fundamentally... | [
"Cat's didn't evolve in an environment with salsa in it. How would they evolve an aversion to something that didn't even exist until very recently?"
] |
Our Brain holds information that tells our body what to do, but why don't WE instinctively know what our brain knows. Why do WE need to study years and years just to grasp information that our Brain uses everyday; How our Body Works. | [
"> Our Brain holds information that tells our body what to do, but why don't WE instinctively know what our brain knows. Because your brain doesn't \"know\" these things. Your brain is hard-wired to *do* certain things, to engage in certain chemical reactions, in a way that completely bypasses the entire concept of... | [
"Ok, here we go. This is my first ELI5, so I hope it helps. Feel free to critique anything. Think of DNA as a recipe. You have all kinds of recipes: cakes, pies, fruitcake. For the rest of this example, we will use cake recipes. There are set instructions, but you can also tweak them a little (strawberry cake, van... |
Did the Soviet union ever take advantage of the racial tensions in cold war america? particularly with blacks in the south? | [
"Anti-racism and the evils of the U.S. system of segregation was a substantial aspect of soviet propaganda, particularly in the decade leading up to WWII. They wanted to portray the Soviet Union as a country where racial discrimination did not occur, and contrast themselves with the capitalist system that led to Ji... | [
"'And the band played on' by Randy Shilts is an absolute must for reading on the AIDS crisis. It covers the politics of the Reagan Administration and the Evangelical side of the Republic Party, and their attitudes towards LGBT people at the time. Most notable Is the difference in compassion to those who contracted ... |
why do those old school hard drives that use magnetic tape need to be so bulky? Idk if they're still as big as they used to be but I remember at my dad's old job they were the size of a fridge | [
"Ah, the good old days. The fridge-sized tape drive used a column of air on either side of the read mechanism to buffer the tape. To read the tape at a productive speed, the tape has to move pretty quickly. Going from stopped to fast puts a lot of stress on the tape if it has to turn the whole reel. Stress can stre... | [
"You are speaking about bustles. _URL_0_ And yes, bustles were about fashion, and evolved from the 18th century panniers, into large hoop skirts and then into the frames that were worn behind. _URL_1_ Primarily, this type of enhancement was to make the waist look smaller. A large dress below the hip can make a wai... |
Linguistic historians: what are the most fascinating, important, or just plain curious untranslated or partially translated works that you know of? | [
"I'm an Historian, and I've studied for a couple of years [palaeography](_URL_0_) Since you're dealing with not only ancient languages (greek and latin the most obvious, but also copt, old ethiopian, hebrew etc), but also old manuscripts (papyrus, parchment and linen paper) and old *writing*, it's very hard to be a... | [
"I need your help! I am in possession of a letter written by an Italian POW during WWII. However, I can't read Italian and I am unfortunately very bad at reading handwriting. If anyone would like to help me to transcribe or give me a summary of the contents of the letter, I'd be very grateful. [Here is the letter i... |
How do knots fulfill their purpose (mechanically/physically)? | [
"Rope, in general, functions on friction - or lack there of. A knot is just a way of applying tension to a line to prevent movement."
] | [
"The general consensus is [attention and approval seeking](_URL_4_) or [medical issues](_URL_1_). In [domesticated animals](_URL_2_), the approval seeking is generally from the owner. Because we see this in wild animals as well, it can't just be a human-approval mechanism. The attention seeking can be extended to t... |
Why do large amounts of clear water look blue? | [
"The water is blue as red, yellow and orange wavelengths of light are absorbed much more than blue wavelength by water. So, the blue wavelength of light is mostly reflected back, and this light reaches our eyes, giving the sensation of clear blue water. Hope I could help ;)"
] | [
"4 Years old post, but it is due to refraction and differences in air density apparently _URL_0_"
] |
how online shopping sites, such as _URL_0_, determine how much to tax your purchase? | [
"Websites look at the billing address you used and based on the state the address is in, they match it to that states current tax rate."
] | [
"They have an investment bank do it for them! But there are a couple of methods they can use: 1) The value today of all future cash flows that the business is expected to generate 2) The value of all of the businesses assets, if you sold them. 3) The market capitalization of their stock"
] |
Why did the Model 24 grenade grenade lose favor | [
"It's a tradeoff between weight and throwing distance. One can throw a stick grenade farther, but it weighs more than an equivalent grenade without the handle. Since WWII, launched grenades (either rifle grenades or special launchers) have made really long throws obsolete -- taking away the advantage of stick grena... | [
"Can you clarify your question some? As on its face its a little \"odd\" as the professional US Army has never gone anywhere after its reorganization from the Legion of the United States very early in the nation's history. Since then it may have been quite small at times, but was always there, augmented of course b... |
If earth is the only planet in our "habitable zone", then why do scientists believe extraterrestrial life exists in our solar system? | [
"Firstly there's a problem with the definition of 'habitable' in 'habitable zone'. What it actually means is 'habitable to life *as we know it*'. We have a bit of a puddle-fits-pothole bias when we say that Earth is habitable. There are [extremophiles](_URL_0_) right here on Earth that thrive in environments subjec... | [
"Unfortunately, Liquid water, needed for even the most extreme plants, is extremely rare to completely non-existent. Liquid water will not last long on the surface due to the almost complete lack of atmosphere. In addition, with such a limited atmosphere, plants would not be able to survive/function properly and wo... |
Why would one type of alcohol affect a person in a different way than another type? | [
"It won't. The same chemical alcohol is in every drink. Any difference in the behavior while drunk is purely psychological. Maybe influenced by the friends who like that drink. Or the environment of the bar that serves it. But whisky and Vodka have the same intoxicating properties."
] | [
"The roast level just depends on how long and how hot it's roasted. It's like the difference between a rare steak and a well done one. The same bean variety can also take on different flavors depending on its source. It picks up different taste signatures from the soil. How the bean is processed and dried makes a d... |
If various species naturally went extinct even without human influence in the past, why is it still important that species are going extinct? Is it not just nature taking its course? | [
"Regions in which humans have developed habitats saw a massive increase in the rate at which megafauna (i.e. large animals) started going extinct. This is WAY higher than what ecologists refer to as the background rate of extinction (the rate at which species went extinct before human influence, with a few special ... | [
"Among other things, warmer air holds more moisture, making storms effectively worse. With each degree Celsius increase in sea surface temperature, the atmosphere holds 4% more moisture, which can make for worse hurricanes and typhoons. Warm temperatures mean glaciers melt faster, and so do the polar ice caps. Glac... |
Why does it take such a long time to "trace" phone calls, but it takes me less than 2 seconds to traceroute an IP address? | [
"Tracing a call is probably super quick these days. A screenwriter won't care, though, and will milk it for drama."
] | [
"There is a big difference between those 2 things: One requires more muscle mass. More muscle mass can generate more force. When you lift a weight you can slowly activate more muscles fibres contraction generating more and more force until it is enough to start lifting the object. Running on the other hand is a ver... |
Why don't people like comic sans? | [
"Because it's way overused, and is used in ways out of keeping with its very informal feel. Comic Sans was originally used as the \"voice\" of an animated dog in Microsoft Bob. It's a very, very informal font, but it's good for things like birthday party invitations for small children, actual comics, and other very... | [
"All the formatting instructions are held in a seperate file so that each page can have the same look and feel. These files are called cascading style sheets (.css) and if they fail to load for any reason, it causes the site to revert to a very basic plain text look"
] |
(Michelin Stars) Why do we care what a tire company thinks about restaurants? | [
"In the early days of motoring, the Michelin company put together a travel guide which rated hotels and restaurants. The idea was to encourage people to drive to distant cities. Over the years, the travel guide grew more & more respected. At some point, it lost its connection to the tire business & became a stand-a... | [
"Imma answer your question, but first let me tell you about this time I watered the lawn on a warm july afternoon, there were clouds in the sky and childrens laughter.... ok seriously, who knows, maybe they just like to hear themselves type, or create an emotional connection to the recipe, perhaps they are just kil... |
The effects of a Nuclear Winter on the world | [
"This video created by Vsauce 3 (Jake Roper) does a very good job explaining this: _URL_1_ I hope this answers your question. He also did another video on a simmilar line of - could you survive: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Is this what Doctor Strangelove was based on?"
] |
Was Marshal Georgy Zhukov A Tactical Genius Or Not? | [
"hi! you may be interested in these posts, all answered by our own /u/Georgy_K_Zhukov * [Through the microscope - Georgy Zhukov?](_URL_2_) - comments on the meat grinder questions * [Why are certain generals like Zukhov, von Moltke the Elder, Lee and Grant considered geniuses? How is the legacy of a general evaluat... | [
"Read one of the ancient historians like Thucydides, Herodotus, Livy, or Tacitus. I like Thucydides'account of the Peloponnesian war the best."
] |
what is the deal with Devin Nunes? | [
"He's the chair of the House Intelligence Committee. Basically, as he was receiving intelligence about connections between the Trump campaign/administration and Russia, instead of passing that information onto the democrats who are also on the House Intelligence Committee, he went directly to the White House to tel... | [
"The new US Immigration Czar claims he can look into the eyes of a child and read their future criminal record. Has the government ever employed a wizard before?"
] |
Why can't I cut a solid, and then stick the two pieces back together again? | [
"You can. In fact, it's known as cold welding and commonly used in space. Under normal conditions, the moment you cut it, contaminants stick to the surface and the metal reacts with the atmosphere to form an oxide layer. This prevents the previous metallic bonds from reforming. For other objects, they tend to hav... | [
"Imagine you grew up flying in a plane. The ground looks like different colors. There's a green area over here, and a brown area over there. When you land for the first time, you're surprised that the green area is actually made up of large trees, and the brown area is made of rocks and shrubs. There are thousands ... |
How does the weird "horror text" work? | [
"They are just normal characters with diacritic marks added to them. Diacritics are basically like accents or glyphs added to a character—typically above or below the character. Usually they are used to signal a slight change in pronunciation but can also be used for other purposes. If you apply multiple diacritics... | [
"Well as far as I know it started with this prank video: _URL_0_ And after that it simply went viral."
] |
Why does boiling an egg cause the whites and yolk to turn solid? | [
"It makes the proteins hard. Have you ever spilled egg on your hand and tried to wash it off with warm water? It makes it into a gel. This is the same thing that happens with anything high in protein. Like semen."
] | [
"The flavor of the toothpaste has nothing to do with the change in taste of the OJ. Most toothpaste has Sodium lauryl Sulfate in it [or something similar] to give the toothpaste its \"frothiness\". The downside to this chemical is that it blocks your sweet taste buds. So without the sweet taste buds tasting the sug... |
the Tor project, onions, and the so called deepnet. | [
"Could anyone provide a little more information on the deep web (if possible!). I've heard a lot about it and tinkered in Tor, on the silk road, etc. but have gotten too nervous and logged out. I've heard horrific things about live torture and stuff. A lot of DDoS attacks originate from coordination on the deep we... | [
"Great question for u/harryyoud, since he works on LineageOS. Generally, many of the ways I have seen such projects succeed: - A strong base of volunteer developers that give on their spare time - Corporate-sponsored full-time developers, or corporate-sponsored open-source software - Donations to pay for full-time ... |
Why are artists like Van Gogh and Picasso famous? What makes great art great? | [
"A lot of famous art can only really be appreciated if you understand the time it was created in. In reality the Mona Lisa (for instance) is just a portrait of a woman. But if you see it in the context of the time it was created, it combined lots of different techniques that meant that it was a revolutionary and br... | [
"\"America\" can't, but Texans in his district certainly can. Once every two years they get the opportunity Mr. Smith is a congressman, and he represents one particular place. Only people from that place get to vote for or against him. Unfortunately Mr. Smith represents a wealthy area near Austin, Texas where I sus... |
What's the difference between androids and robots? | [
"A robot is at it's simplest: an automated mechanical/electrical device that is made to operate with minimal or no human control and preform specific tasks. An Android is a robot, a robot made to be specifically human looking or human like. A Cyborg is a combination of mechanical/electronic parts with biologic pa... | [
"[Ape vs Monkey](_URL_0_) comparison chart. Hope this helps."
] |
How do pipes freeze? | [
"Pipes outside the insulated areas are the ones the freeze. Not internal pipes."
] | [
"I think it is a chemical problem not a mechanical one. Most of the enzymes in our body function in a range of temperatures and break down or stop working when the temperature is too hot or too cold."
] |
Why does it rain less during summer? Wouldn't the increase in sunlight and heat cause more evaporation and therefore more precipitation? | [
"When water evaporates, it makes the air more humid. The hotter air is, the more moisture it can take, because the air molecules have more energy which leaves more room for water molecules to mix in there. So yes, there is more evaporation in the summer, but it takes a lot more moisture for the air to get fully sat... | [
"It depends on the atmospheric conditions where the airplane is flying. See _URL_0_ Basically, if a plane flies though a patch of sky where the humidity is not close to saturation, then the exhaust will not condense and will thusly not form contrails. If the humidity is close to saturation where a plane flies, a co... |
Why do cracks in glass (screens, windshields, etc.) keep spreading? | [
"Small vibrations could continue to lengthen a crack much like car windshield cracks lengthen from driving down the road and hitting a bump, however sitting on a desk there was probably no vibration involved. It could also be that some moisture had seeped into the cracks of the phone and as it got colder overnight ... | [
"Your cell's DNA is like a paper manual for what it needs to do. Every time that cell divides, it photocopies the manual and gives a copy to the new cell. However, every photocopy can only be as good as the original copy and may also result in a lower quality. The original copy may also get some wear as you flip th... |
Do trees have a lifespan? | [
"Most organisms (including most trees) will start to die more often (mortality rate) as they get older (once matured). This gives you an average age they will live to. Some organisms though have an unchanging or even decreasing mortality rate as they get older. They basically don't age and are called biologically i... | [
"No offense, but the people who typically ask me this are the kind of people who don't really take care of their computers. I've had my desktop for over 4 years and it's just as fast as the day I got it."
] |
Pre-Colonial Africa: Which books are must reads? | [
"Though it has a depressingly paltry pre-colonial section, I do suggest you check out the African section of our [book list](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"I recommend [Fred M. Donner's](_URL_0_)*Muhammad and the Believers*. It's a nice breakdown of the early spread of Islam with reasonable and succinct analysis of a period wrought with issues in sound primary source material."
] |
What is the QFT justification for the classical scalar potential in the non-relativistic Schrodinger equation? | [
"You can derive the Schrödinger equation from QFT, see [David Tong's lecture notes](_URL_0_). It's a little subtle because position is not an operator in QFT but it is in non-relativistic quantum mechanics. An important point is that position-space wave function assumes that a particles cannot be created or destroy... | [
"Hebb's postulate basically first described associative long-term potentiation and spike-timing dependent plasticity. In associative LTP, there is a coincidence detection mechanism (i.e. Calcium through NMDA receptors), which leads to strengthening of a synapse when a large postsynaptic depolarization follows stron... |
What happens to major arteries which bring blood to extremities after an amputation? | [
"Interestingly, amputation of a limb actually causes blood pressure to increase in the long term. Because the circulatory system is a circuit arranged in parallel (as opposed to series), having blood flow to once limb blocked means that the same amount of blood must be forced through a fewer number of paths, which ... | [
"Let's say you wanted to gamble at the horse track. You think Three-Legged Limpet is the horse to win on (despite having only three legs). You decide to place a $100 bet, but you don't have $100 on you now (payday isn't until tomorrow). The bookie agrees to take only $20, with the understanding that you will pay up... |
In the NFL, why are quarterbacks primarily white, whereas most other plays are primarily black? | [
"This is changing now. The breakdown among the younger QB's looks more like the rest of the league in terms of racial composition (not the WR position though). I think having the on field leader be a black guy may have been a little too much until recentlyfor the good old southern high schools and colleges where a ... | [
"A lot of the comments are giving a decent explanation as to why people with Down Syndrome look different, but not why they look the *same*. This answer comes down to the concepts of *genotype* and *phenotype*. **Genotype** is the genetic makeup of an organism. In this case, the genotype is having 3 copies of chr... |
EILI5 why are insects drawn to light? | [
"They are nocturnal and evolved to navigate by the light of the moon. But this smaller brighter moon is much much closer and messes with their internal compass."
] | [
"The sweat and oil on your skin has elements of sugar in it. Flies like sugar."
] |
Angiosperm endosperms are polyploid to store up nucleic acids and everyone has enzymes for digesting DNA. Where are all these nitrogenous bases coming from? Who makes them? | [
"Yes, we synthesize our own DNA (and *some* our own amino acids! Remember the essential 8 essential amino acids? Yea, we can't make those). We accumulate basic starting molecules as nutrients in our food (or from roots in the case of plants) and express proteins to convert these starting molecules into Adenine, Cyt... | [
"Hedgehog spines are just modified hairs, adapted to serve a defensive purpose. They are made of the protein keratin, same as your hair. Keratin is slow to break down, so is usually one of the last things to go when an animal decays."
] |
If you suddenly threw water into space, would the low temperature cause it to freeze, or would the lack of pressure cause it to evaporate? | [
"\"Space\" doesn't really have a temperature. Stuff *in* space has a temperature. You can often talk about the blackbody equilibrium temperature of the radiation from the Sun (or any given star, or heat source), or the temperature of the water (which is what's really important here), but space itself doesn't have a... | [
"Atoms bonding together to make compounds fundamentally changes how those atoms as a combined entity behaves as opposed to how they behave separately. It all comes down to the strength of the interactions between atoms and molecules, and how many different ways these molecules can absorb heat energy. When oxygen a... |
Is there anything capable of withstanding direct contact with lava? | [
"With the temperature of lava (That is, above ground and not magma, which is below ground) being between 1300 - 2200 degrees F, any alloy or material with a melting point above that will withstand contact. Magma can reach much higher temperatures in subduction zones however. [Here](_URL_1_) are some melting points... | [
"[Per Wikipedia](_URL_0_): > The question whether individual snakes are immune to their own venom has not yet been definitively settled, though there is a known example of a cobra which self-envenomated, resulting in a large abscess requiring surgical intervention but showing none of the other effects that would h... |
Why did the Teutonic Order keep fighting the Lithuanians even after their conversion? How did they justify that? | [
"I imagine that religious motivations are rarely the single overarching rationale for violence."
] | [
"These areas are labeled on both the first and second maps, so we can understand the third map to follow the same idea. The first map has a note below the key stating \"Ungeordnete kleine Gebiete sind weiß gelassen\" which means \"Insignificant small territories were left white.\" The second map labels them \"nich... |
how neutrinos can travel through (it's said) a light-year of lead and not hit anything. How is that even possible? | [
"Neutrinos have no charge, so they don't interact through the electromagnetic field. They are the lightest of the non-massless subatomic particles, so that they have very little interaction through gravity. They do not interact through the strong nuclear force because they are not quarks, gluons or hadrons. That le... | [
"You're thinking of the two clocks as ticking like this: |---|---|---|---|---| |----|----|----|----| Both in the same \"direction\", with one ticking slow, and, therefore, necessarily, one ticking fast. But relatively-moving clocks in special relativity don't tick like that. They tick along different \"directio... |
Does quantum superposition affect every observer individually? | [
"Collapse is a subjective process, meaning that it's a thing that happens inside a system. If you look at the system from the outside (like the second observer outside the steel box), you don't see the collapse of the cat's wavefunction, instead you see that the first observer becomes *entangled* with the state of ... | [
"That is called Hidden Variable Theory, and basically there's something called Bell's Theorem that says that if hidden variables play a role then the experimentally observed correlations in these experiments would be different. All experiments thus far are consistent with Bell's theorem, excluding local hidden vari... |
Why do HD TVs take so long to turn on? | [
"There is a lot of software running in newer TVs. Basically they need time to boot."
] | [
"It really depends on the computer and the file, but, it could be one of many things. A few examples are: The hard drive/ssd nearly full and is causing problems You have virus protection/Anti-Malware doing a lot of scanning Your computer is busy performing many background tasks that weren't halted for the file copy... |
Why, if there is ONE FLY in my ENTIRE HOUSE does it have to be in the room I'm in? | [
"You can only notice flies in the room you're in. Also, it's probably not the only fly in your house."
] | [
"We pay more attention when we get it wrong on the first try. It's a straight 50/50 shot, but it's way more annoying when we get it wrong on the first try. At the end of a given time period you might have had 10 \"successes\" and 10 \"failures\" but you'd only notice the failures."
] |
Did the Ottomans make the cannonballs skip so it could reach Constantinople because it was so far away? | [
"That doesn't really make sense. Water and soil offer more friction and resistance than air. Skipping cannon balls decreases the range and force of the ball's impact. EDIT: Fixed"
] | [
"Back then people still needed jobs, now they dont and can practice harder for longer. And science helps by showing then methods on improving motions. You cam find cool videos on youtube"
] |
Why didn't the Japanese use chairs? | [
"Not directly related to Japan, but in the Middle East, they had an abundance of cloth but not much wood. What did they do? Cushions and rugs. In fact, when I thought about it, Europeans are the weird ones for using chairs (excluding the Americas because they were colonized by chair-sitting Europeans). I seriously ... | [
"On a toilet, all your weight is supported on a thin strip of porcelain, while on a flat surface it is distributed evenly. So the thin strip will put more pressure on your nerves."
] |
The Spanish Inquisition? | [
"Christian Kingdoms on the Iberian peninsula like Spain had many Muslims and Jews within their borders (most of the peninsula was ruled by Muslims before being reconquered by Christians). The inquisition was an effort to enforce Catholic orthodoxy and basically culminated in an edict that said that Jews and Muslims... | [
"Since this is a homework question, we expect a little more effort from you. What research have you done so far for your paper? What are your findings so far? Is there anything *specific* you have a question about?"
] |
Why do we say "turn up the volume" instead of "increase amplitude"? And why when turning up the volume in audio players doesn't seem to do so linearly? | [
"> Why do we say \"turn up the volume\" instead of \"increase amplitude\"? Because, until very recently, all audio equipment increased volume by physically turning a knob. It's the same reason that you \"roll down\" the window in a car. > And why when turning up the volume in audio players doesn't seem to do so li... | [
"Put a slinky in a long glass tube and fix one end of the slinky to one end of the tube. Now lay the tube on your desk. The slinky is all curled up . Next, stand the tube upright. One end of the slinky is fixed to the top of the tube and the bottom of the slinky dangles down. What if you held the tube at an angle..... |
"The Very Real Danger of Genetically Modified Foods" - bullshit, or not? | [
"[Link](_URL_0_) to original article in cell research. Its an interesting study. It doesn't give conclusive evidence of a negative effect of the miRNA present in the participants. It does show that there is likely a relation to the ingestion of GMOs and increased levels. It also shows that there is a demonstrable l... | [
"Before I answer, may I ask who the speaker is for this particular lecture? Or if you have a link for me to listen to? I would like to know where they are coming from in their argument."
] |
If repetition strengthens our synaptic connections, what happens when we over-practice, and seemingly start to get worse? | [
"Fatigue, for one part. Maybe others can chime in on the neurological aspects of learning, but you can't forget that playing an instrument is a physical activity and if you practice for a really long time, you get tired. It's similar to exercise - once you've done several sprints, you won't be able to do more at th... | [
"Excellent, I was rewriting my population genetics notes last night. Since I'm typing on a phone, the short of it is that there are limits to artificial selection. After enough selection, you'll reach the limits of variation for the trait you originally selected for, and while they ARE smarter than before, you'll f... |
What would happen if a person drank 100 cups of coffee in one day, ala Futurama? | [
"You die. And are apparently miserable and in pain until you do. _URL_0_"
] | [
"There's actually a Roman legend that explores a very similar scenario; Brown's *The Making of Late Antiquity* describes seven young Christians who, fleeing the persecutions of Emperor Decius in the third century CE, flee into a cave near the city of Ephesus and fall asleep for two hundred years, waking in the reig... |
If temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules, is there an equivalent measure of their standard deviation? | [
"Temperature in general is *not* simply a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules! You can only define a temperature for a system in (or close to) thermodynamic equilibrium. This means that the probability distribution for the occupation of states with different energies has to follow a Boltzmann distrib... | [
"This is part of the immune response reaction. When trauma occurs to the body (for example, a papercut) or a pathogen is detected in the first layer of immune response cells, it sets off a reaction to recruit more immune cells to the site of infection. The way this recruitment works is by releasing chemical signals... |
Why do bridges need these "sail" like objects on top of them? | [
"Not all bridges do. However the new forth crossing bridge and the forth road bridge (both pictured) are suspension bridges, and the cables (which you describe as the 'sails') are effectively what holds the bridge up as there is not enough weight underneath to provide structural support."
] | [
"Very careful simulation based on testing data. Engineers have experimentally gathered data about all the different materials used to make the telescope. This data includes failure points given applied loads, vibrational frequencies, etc. They can use this along with a computational model of the sattelite to predic... |
Why do quantum effects begin to dominate material physics near absolute zero? | [
"The quantum effects start to dominate when the de Brogile wavelength of the particle become comparable to the distance between particles. This occurs at low temperatures (because the particles are moving slower and have larger wavelengths) and/or high pressures (because the distances are so small)."
] | [
"The equation you posted is about the thermal energy change. (dT is temperature not time). The object in the freezer will cool faster because it has more convective heat transfer, temperature change due to a difference with the surrounding air. See [here](_URL_0_). You want to look at Q^dot not Q. Q^dot is the rate... |
Why do we stutter breathing when we cry? | [
"It's a body's way of letting a person know to stop being a pussy."
] | [
"The thing about our body language is that it is more symbolic than we realize. Sometimes when we try to remember something we sort of look around, as if we are searching around for the memory. This is half learnt behavior (we see others do it, and mirror it) and half physical reenactments of mental processes. When... |
What were the reasons John F. Kennedy's executive order 11110 was thrown out? | [
"A quick look at the wiki says that it was actually Reagan who overturned it with EO 12608 in 1987. EO 12608 was literally called \"Elimination of Unnecessary Executive Orders and Technical Amendments to Others\" so I believe it is safe to say that the order was revoked as part of a general cleaning up by Reagan. N... | [
"The photograph is from after World War I. Article 169 of the [Treaty of Versailles](_URL_0_) required that: > Within two months from the coming into force of the present Treaty German arms, munitions and war material...in excess of the quantities allowed, must be surrendered to the Governments of the Principal A... |
Why is the first day of fall (northern hemisphere) and the first day of spring (southern hemisphere) two days apart, the 23rd and 21st respectively? | [
"Do you have a source telling you the southern vernal equinox is on the 21st? Everything I've read says they always happen on the same day. I mean, the equinox can fall between the 21st and the 23rd depending on the year, but the northern autumnal and southern vernal equinoxes should always be the same."
] | [
"It has to do with your sleep cycles. For the average person, a sleep cycle will last around 90 minutes. You have light sleep, medium sleep, deep sleep, and REM sleep, and they all take place within the cycle. When you wake up during REM sleep (at the tail end of the 90 minutes), you feel a lot better than when you... |
Why are the PS4 and XB1 running on an x86 architecture and not x64 | [
"OK so the x86 name goes back to the original Intel 8086 processor, and refers to what is called the instruction set of the processor - basically it's the list of things that the processor can understand. Now, over the years different things have been added to the x86 instruction set (you may remember the hype over... | [
"Take a picture, any picture. Now zoom in. Zoom in more. Keep going. Eventually you'll get to the point where you can see the individual pixels and the image stops looking good. That's exactly what's happening here. SNES games were designed for small screens with a small number of pixels. If you put that same game... |
Why did written American English become much simpler and more direct between the 18th and 19th centuries? | [
"You might also want to ask this question over in [r/Linguistics](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"Your question is like: > Why do people keep telling me to take a pill my doctor prescribes when in ye olden days people didn't have access to the same pills? Clean water is way easier to get now than it was then. Since you have access to clean water you should use it. In the same way, getting a doctor to prescri... |
Why is the word "late" used to describe someone who is deceased? | [
"One of the old meanings of \"late\" was \"occuring in the recent past\". Nowadays this meaning only really survives in the phrase \"of late\" and the adverb \"lately\". In this sense, when a person was described as late it meant that they had only recently died (i.e. they were a living person up until the recent ... | [
"Let's say you wanted to gamble at the horse track. You think Three-Legged Limpet is the horse to win on (despite having only three legs). You decide to place a $100 bet, but you don't have $100 on you now (payday isn't until tomorrow). The bookie agrees to take only $20, with the understanding that you will pay up... |
Why did the French Imperial Guard fail at the Battle of Waterloo 1815? | [
"If you are talking about the final infantry attack of the day, the simple reason is that they met a line of Allied infantry and artillery that poured withering volleys into their ranks (they were advancing in large, unwieldy squares) and sent them packing. For most of the battles in which they, the Old and Middle... | [
"Like many things in history, this is the subject of interpretation. Many dynasties in history have had a similar destiny, being puppets and legitimizers of true rulers. However, the Abbasids didn't give up so easily. Caliph an-Nāṣir made a final attempt to restore the Caliphate to its original power: the Ayyubids ... |
Fraternities and sororities | [
"When you go to a university, you want to live on campus. There are groups of people who live under the same roof, they form a \"social group\" known as a Fraternity (men) or sorority (for women). Basically you represent your social group at events, and maintain the rituals etc of the house. I'm sure when you were... | [
"there's a section in the FAQ regarding universities; I don't recall that any of the posts address your question directly (or even indirectly), but in case you're interested in the broader topic of education, check it out: [Life at University](_URL_0_)"
] |
Question about gravity and how it affects light. | [
"Gravity bends space, our sun is large so around it is a slight bending of space from its gravity. The light still travels at C, however its path is changed by the bending of space. Making it take longer to reach the target, but travelling at no less speed. Imagine a flat piece of glass, and a single stream of wat... | [
"Put a slinky in a long glass tube and fix one end of the slinky to one end of the tube. Now lay the tube on your desk. The slinky is all curled up . Next, stand the tube upright. One end of the slinky is fixed to the top of the tube and the bottom of the slinky dangles down. What if you held the tube at an angle..... |
What is the relationship between biological nucleus and chemical nucleus? | [
"The dictionary definition of a nucleus is the central and most important part of an object. Both biologists and chemists decided to use this term (in reference to the general meaning), but they refer to entirely different things. The atomic nucleus (as you stated) is the central part of an atom and is composed of ... | [
"Watched Sum of All Fears last night? You might want to look into the Monitoring Capabilities of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). You can read a bit about it here: _URL_0_ Basically, radiochemical analysis can tell you information about the bomb design and the metallurgical refinement techniques of the fis... |
Why does jerking a table cloth quickly from a table not disturb the plates but if you do it slow they all come off? Shouldn't there be the same amount of friction whether you pull it fast or slow? | [
"If we look at Newtons second law: F=ma, we can clearly see that force is proportional to acceleration. When we pull the table cloth away quickly, a higher force is required to accelerate the dishes with the table cloth. The force of friction is given by u*Fn, where u is the coefficient of static friction (depends ... | [
"One fundamental example is the [*asymptotic freedom*](_URL_0_) of the strong force. At very short distance scales, the strong force (the force by which quarks and antiquarks and gluons interact) becomes much weaker at very short distance scales. The increasing strength of the strong force at larger distance scale... |
How do aquatic mammals deal with water in their lungs? | [
"They have the same breath holding apparatus as you do, including very sensitive arytenoids that cause a cough reflex when stimulated to prevent things from going down the wrong pipe, so to speak. And, they have diaphragm so they can cough if they do get some water down there. If they are under, and suck a lot of w... | [
"* _URL_1_ * _URL_2_ * _URL_3_ * _URL_0_ tl;dr most whales have the ability to sleep with one half of their brain at a time."
] |
3 Questions That I've Always Wondered About. | [
"> if you had a rc heli hover in a car, as soon as the car started moving the heli would go flying back, right? Yes, that is because the car changes **velocity**. > why is it that when you toss a ball and catch it in a moving car, it doesn't go flying back in the time-frame that it's in mid-air? When a car is at ... | [
"Vsauce did a great video on this you should [check it out.] ( _URL_0_)"
] |
Did the Catholic Church ever destroy temples, landmarks, or holy sites of other faiths? | [
"The church specifically or nations doing this in the name of the church?"
] | [
"[The Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks](_URL_1_) are pretty much go-to in terms of finding major/commonly-assigned primary documents in simple text format. The faculty in my department use Fordham docs a ton in assigning readings. I use the [Public Records Office of Northern Ireland](_URL_0_) online selection, ... |
What happens to the part of the umbilical cord that is attached to the woman after it is cut from the baby? | [
"The umbilical cord is not connected to the woman, it is connected to the placenta. After a woman gives birth to a baby, she will also give birth to the placenta."
] | [
"Every time you make a copy of a cell, there is a chance for errors. For example when you photocopy a first print, it is pretty crisp and close to the original, but there are a few minor discrepencies. Now if you photocopy the copy, it gets more distorted, and so on until some letters get hard to read, it gets diff... |
Why do oil spills happen so often? | [
"Oil spills are like airplane crashes. They're relatively rare compared to many other accidents (especially given how much we move a day), but because of that rarity combined with the impact, it's very easy to sensationalize it into a big story. To paraphrase Stalin, \"One oil spill is a tragedy, a million car cra... | [
"Imagine a needle in a haystack that is 10 kilometers wide, and there are only 10 people designated to finding said needle. It would take them an insanely long time. They might find a few of the needles in their allotted time frame, but likely not all of them. When a game is released to the public, it's the same wa... |
Why did evolution favored woman not to have facial hair? | [
"I remember learning about the sexual differentiations between males and females in psych class (taught by Steve Pinker, about 10 years ago). As I remember it, it stems from males seeking young females, which would be best equipped to have many years ahead of bearing potential offspring. Generally, more body and fa... | [
"It might just be your perception: you notice them buzzing around your face (the part of you with all the sensory organs) more than you notice them buzzing around your leg."
] |
If it is ok to go 10 miles over the speed limit, why isn't it raised by 10 miles instead? | [
"It's technically not \"OK\" to go over the speed limit at all. You're technically breaking the law by going over it at all, but it's up to the officer whether or not he will pull you over. For example, in my state (Wisconsin), some towns' police departments are more notorious for pulling you over for going even sl... | [
"Doing that is the only way to differentiate between the top students. If the test is easy, and 5 people get 100%, then the professor has no way of knowing what advanced topics those students are struggling with. Be making the test difficult enough that *no one* gets 100%, it becomes possible to rank the top studen... |
Why do economists think the US is going to see a recession soon? | [
"It is hard to say for sure what is going to happen. Especially since the economy is still frankly a mystery to everybody. To be fair there is always someone saying there will be a recession next year. That being said there is a lot of worry about the US China trade war. As these are the two largest economies righ... | [
"\"Just about everyone here\" Where is \"here\" for you? It sounds like your question's premise is based on a small sample set based on personal observation. Before your question is addressed, you should be making sure the premise is valid..."
] |
Brain freezes or "ice cream headaches" | [
"Use your tongue to feel the roof of your mouth. On top of that roof (inside your head, behind your nose) are a whole bunch of blood vessels (tubes that carry blood all over the inside of your head). When you eat something cold (like ice cream...mmmmmm!) too fast, you get the roof of your mouth very cold, very fast... | [
"[This](_URL_0_) previous thread explains it as [entrainment](_URL_2_). When changing the diameter of your lips, the airflow is subject to the [Bernoulli effect](_URL_1_) where it speeds up. When the air moves faster, it draws in more surrounding air which is cooler than your body temperature, thus making it feel c... |
Relationship between Solar City and Tesla | [
"I imagine they are going to have separate business but have collaborative projects. Package deals for panels and battery backups, among other things. Being that Elon Musk and Lyndon Rive are related, and Elon has had a huge stake in Solar City forever, this was sort of inevitable. I imagine Elon is going to leave ... | [
"They're father and son, though I have no idea what their family dinners are like."
] |
why are replays on sports so blurry? | [
"> Can't they use the same high frame rate that people doing high speed motion capture use? No. Those special cameras require special high intensity lights that would blind any athlete on the field. Also, they can only record like 1 second of footage, so you can't have them going the entire time. I think the slow m... | [
"Software can optimize images and fonts to render well with your monitor. See [hinting](_URL_0_) and [anti-aliasing](_URL_1_) for details. With macs, the software is more standardized, which makes this easier to accomplish. For other systems, a bit of tweaking may be required, but the same effect can be achieved. ... |
Why do planes fly at the altitudes that they do? | [
"The higher you go, the less air resistance there is, and the less energy it takes to maintain altitude and speed. You also lose lift at altitude, so you eventually reach an optimal point between lift and efficiency."
] | [
"This won't be the most in-depth answer but it's kinda like this Plants and tree love sunlight. They use it in photosynthesis to create this neat stuff called glucose, which is pretty much sugar. Allows them to grow n stuff. So the higher they get the more likely they are to get sunlight, which causes this thing c... |
Why do flights between states in the US typically cost in the hundreds of dollars while you can get flights between countries in Europe for less that $100? | [
"I think it mainly comes down to two things: a) They've got an excellent train system. We hardly have one at all. And every time we try to start building one, some people (like Republican governors) fight it so hard it barely gets anywhere. b) Europe has lots of super low cost airlines, and some of them do a really... | [
"Guns, Germs and Steel provides one of the most common theories to explain this. Basically, it boils down to it being a long unbroken land mass at generally the same latitude from Portugal all the way to Korea. This allowed for a lot of cultural interaction to occur and for trade and communication to occur very eas... |
Why do we (normally) use two 12 hour time cycles as opposed to the 24 hour time cycle? | [
"Are you from the US? Most of the world has shifted over to using 24 hour time (though analog clocks still have the 12 hour display). The most basic explanation is that it's too hard to glance at an analog clock and determine the hour if the circle is divided into 24ths. Dividing it in two was a good compromise: it... | [
"Two social psychological concepts come to mind here. State dependent memory encoding and Erickson Arousal theory of learning. State dependent learning states that what ever state of mind you are in during encoding is the state of mind where recall would be optimal. Erickson arousal theory states that learning is m... |
Do gut flora affect your food cravings? In other words, do they modify your behavior for their benefit? | [
"Associated question: do our bodies crave nutrients that they need (ie. if I need Vitamin D, do I crave foods that my body associates with Vitamin D)?"
] | [
"Motivation is a widely recognized factor in second language acquisition (I don't have my SLA materials with me, but Jeff Siegel's (2013) *Second Dialect Acquisition* discusses it). So insofar as connecting with one's ancestry could increase motivation to learn a language, that could have an effect on how well you ... |
How does an encryption system share keys with the intended recipient without letting a third party obtain the key as well? | [
"[Here is one method](_URL_2_). It gets way more complex as the adversary model changes, but we've got a number of ways of establishing shared secrets."
] | [
"They basically just keep track of how much energy they provided to the communal grid, and how much their customers drew from the communal grid. They can produce it at a certain price, and prove their customers drew that power out the other side, so it doesn't really matter where the specific electrons came from as... |
Why does anyone put a copyright span (e.g. ©2000-2015) despite the fact that copyright lasts much, much longer? | [
"That's the time span over which the material was produced. In software you would see that if version 1.0 was written in 2000 and the most recent version or update was written in 2015."
] | [
"Many of these differences are simply stylistic. Different countries and different time periods have different traditions/norms for newspaper article writing. Certain phrases fall out of style while others become more accepted. There's [a journal article from 1983](_URL_1_) which presents a study of readability whi... |
If you're not supposed to button the bottom button on a suit, why do suits have more than one button? | [
"How would you know which button was the bottom button if they didn't put one on?"
] | [
"To show a moving picture you needs a bunch of individual pictures all shown after another. A short clip might be 30 pictures total. A gif is pretty much just that, 30 pictures with some extra information like how long to wait before showing the next one. A modern video file like you see on youtube is a lot more co... |
Why would wealthy CEOs like Mark Zuckerberg give themselves a $1 salary? | [
"1) PR move. You own this giant corporation, but you're in it for the little guy! (this is usually because of ... 2) You get your compensation in other ways that aren't taxed as heavily as direct income from salary."
] | [
"Actors do small movies for less money all the time. You just don't see them since they tend to be indie and not seen by as many people. RDJ was recently in the movie *Chef* in an uncreduted cameo that he probably did because he is friends with the director."
] |
What is the importance of really large prime numbers, what sort of applications do they aid? | [
"*Really* large prime numbers, the ones that set records, have no practical purpose, except perhaps testing computer software and refining distributed computing techniques. Large prime numbers, like in the hundred digit range, are used in a popular encryption scheme called RSA. It takes advantage of the fact that i... | [
"1: Because you don't wanna be stupid when you grow up. 2: Because an at-least basic understanding of Mathematics is pretty much necessary for being an adult. You'll make money and spend it. You'll need to plan finances. You'll need to know when you're not getting screwed over by a deal. 3: Because it's the foundat... |
Is there a way to harness the "wind" caused by automobile traffic? | [
"There are a few concepts such as [this](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"*If* this was possible (it probably is) it would be a horrible idea. You would literally be slowing down the earth. Maybe the effect would be small at first, but it would build up over time. The question is only how long would it take to have an effect, and how bad would the effect be."
] |
If skipping supposedly burns less calories than jogging, why doesn't anyone skip in marathons to conserve energy? | [
"Skipping is horrendously difficult on your feet and legs -- 26 miles of skipping would destroy the arches of your feet, your knees, and give you the worst shin splints in human history. Much of the technique in a marathon is learning how to run in such a way to keep your feet and legs from wearing out or getting t... | [
"Stroke length - the distance from the bottom on the cylinder to the top- plays a huge part of this. The shorter the distance the less speed the piston has to have and the less rotational G force applied to the piston. 80's indy cars had over bore engines that could turn over 18k rpm. Meaning the diameter of the pi... |
why is electricity a different voltage in different countries? | [
"Why would it be the same? Is a better question. The system didn't pop up overnight, and a hundred years ago when they built infrastructure across different nations no one got together and agreed on a standard."
] | [
"Imagine you have a computer on your house. Now you want to connect that computer to your friend 100 miles away. How do you do it? You could lay a 100 mile cable, but do you have the permissions to dig up roads and pathways? You would use a company whose cables were already there, and just use that network of cab... |
why do we wear rings on the "ring finger"? | [
"From Wikipedia: > Before medical science discovered how the circulatory system functioned, people believed that a vein ran directly from the fourth finger on the left hand to the heart. Because of the hand–heart connection, they chose the descriptive name vena amoris, Latin for the vein of love, for this particul... | [
"Marketing basically. Decades and decades of TV ads hammering home the idea that if you want to be seen as a normal successful member of society, you drink orange juice in the morning."
] |
In a constantly accelerating spaceship near c, would it appear to the pilot as if he were accelerating at a constant rate due to relativistic effects? | [
"> In that time, the spaceship travelled almost 2 lightyears, so on board it would look like you travelled 2 light years in 2 months, right? No, lengths also contract. The pilot would have measured a traveled distance of much less than 2 light years. If Earth sees the pilot moving at 0.99*c*, then the pilot sees E... | [
"[This post of mine](_URL_0_) answers a similar question (\"what does it mean for time to expand?\" or \"if time is relative, how do we know the age of the universe?\"). I strongly encourage you to read through it and the links therein for all the details. The short answer is that it is possible to unambiguously ta... |
How do heaters work? | [
"Depends on if you're asking about infrared heaters or convection heaters. An infrared heater heats by emitting infrared light that interacts with most matter by heating it up (you feel it as warm). It's efficient if pointed at a person/object because it conducts most of the energy on target. Convection heating wor... | [
"In most mints, there are two chemicals which trick your nerve cells into thinking that you are cold where the chemicals touched your skin or body. Usually when you breath air, you don't really feel warm or cold, but since the chemicals activated the special receptor which makes you feel cold, you feel like any air... |
Why do alligators live in sewers in the movies? | [
"Back in the 1970s, sort of an urban legend circulated that people in New York City were buying baby alligators as pets, but when they got tired of them they were flushing them down the toilet. The natural assumption was that the alligators would then feed on the ample supply of NY rats and grow, and that full-size... | [
"My guess? When you're dealing with a lot of makeup, prosthesis, special effects its easier to hide flaws. You can see acne under makeup in high def, you couldn't really see that back in the day. Just a guess."
] |
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