Datasets:

BenAmpel
/

HackerSignal

---
language:
- en
- zh
- ru
license: other
license_name: hackersignal-mixed
license_link: https://huggingface.co/datasets/BenAmpel/HackerSignal/blob/main/data/release/source_release_manifest.json
size_categories:
- 1M<n<10M
task_categories:
- text-classification
- text-retrieval
tags:
- cybersecurity
- exploit
- vulnerability
- CVE
- hacker-forum
- threat-intelligence
- NLP
- benchmark
pretty_name: HackerSignal
dataset_info:
  splits:
  - name: full
    num_examples: 7447646
  features:
  - name: unified_id
    dtype: string
  - name: source_dataset
    dtype: string
  - name: source_file
    dtype: string
  - name: source_format
    dtype: string
  - name: source_layer
    dtype: string
  - name: source_record_id
    dtype: string
  - name: forum_id
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
  - name: author_hash
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw
    dtype: string
  - name: text_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_raw_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_url
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_title
    dtype: string
  - name: section
    dtype: string
  - name: post_index
    dtype: int64
  - name: post_id
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_id
    dtype: string
  - name: scraped_at
    dtype: string
  - name: reply_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: view_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: tags
    sequence: string
  - name: cve_refs
    sequence: string
  - name: dataset_generated_at
    dtype: string
  - name: release_mode
    dtype: string
  - name: released_artifact
    dtype: string
  - name: redaction_reason
    dtype: string
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: full
    path: unified_hacker_communities_neurips_public.jsonl
  features:
  - name: unified_id
    dtype: string
  - name: source_dataset
    dtype: string
  - name: source_file
    dtype: string
  - name: source_format
    dtype: string
  - name: source_layer
    dtype: string
  - name: source_record_id
    dtype: string
  - name: forum_id
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
  - name: author_hash
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw
    dtype: string
  - name: text_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_raw_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_url
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_title
    dtype: string
  - name: section
    dtype: string
  - name: post_index
    dtype: int64
  - name: post_id
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_id
    dtype: string
  - name: scraped_at
    dtype: string
  - name: reply_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: view_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: tags
    sequence: string
  - name: cve_refs
    sequence: string
  - name: dataset_generated_at
    dtype: string
  - name: release_mode
    dtype: string
  - name: released_artifact
    dtype: string
  - name: redaction_reason
    dtype: string
- config_name: sample
  data_files:
  - split: full
    path: hackersignal_sample_10k.jsonl
  features:
  - name: unified_id
    dtype: string
  - name: source_dataset
    dtype: string
  - name: source_file
    dtype: string
  - name: source_format
    dtype: string
  - name: source_layer
    dtype: string
  - name: source_record_id
    dtype: string
  - name: forum_id
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
  - name: author_hash
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw
    dtype: string
  - name: text_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_raw_length
    dtype: int64
  - name: text_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: text_raw_sha256
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_url
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_title
    dtype: string
  - name: section
    dtype: string
  - name: post_index
    dtype: int64
  - name: post_id
    dtype: string
  - name: thread_id
    dtype: string
  - name: scraped_at
    dtype: string
  - name: reply_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: view_count
    dtype: int64
  - name: tags
    sequence: string
  - name: cve_refs
    sequence: string
  - name: dataset_generated_at
    dtype: string
  - name: release_mode
    dtype: string
  - name: released_artifact
    dtype: string
  - name: redaction_reason
    dtype: string
- config_name: task1_cve_linkage
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/train.jsonl
  - split: validation
    path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/val.jsonl
  - split: test
    path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/test.jsonl
  - split: corpus
    path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/corpus.jsonl
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: cve_id
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
- config_name: task2_exploit_type
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/train.jsonl
  - split: validation
    path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/val.jsonl
  - split: test
    path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/test.jsonl
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: label
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
- config_name: task3_temporal_generalization
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/train.jsonl
  - split: validation
    path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/val.jsonl
  - split: test
    path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/test.jsonl
  - split: corpus
    path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/corpus.jsonl
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: cve_id
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    dtype: string
  - name: timestamp
    dtype: string
---
# HackerSignal

A large-scale, multi-source dataset linking hacker community discourse, exploit databases, vulnerability advisories, and fix commits through a shared CVE identifier space.

## Overview

| Statistic | Value |
|-----------|-------|
| Documents | 7,447,646 (exact-deduplicated) |
| Sources | 64 public forum/source identifiers |
| Source layers | 8 |
| Temporal span | 1988--2026 |
| CVE-linked rows | 360,004 |
| Benchmark tasks | 3 |

## Quick Start

```python
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load the 10K stratified sample (24 MB)
sample = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "sample")
# Load a benchmark task
task1 = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "task1_cve_linkage")
# Load the full corpus (12 GB)
full = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "default")
```

## Source Layers

| Layer | Description | Rows |
|-------|-------------|------|
| `hacker_community` | Forum posts from hacker/security communities | 6,974,128 |
| `exploit_archive` | Published exploit code and advisories | 197,393 |
| `vulnerability_reference` | NVD CVE descriptions and structured advisories | 150,916 |
| `exploit_qa_reference` | Security Q&A and tutorial content | 68,791 |
| `advisory_reference` | Vendor and third-party security advisories | 30,361 |
| `bug_bounty_disclosure` | Public bug bounty reports | 13,720 |
| `fix_commit_reference` | Vulnerability fix commit messages | 11,104 |
| `exploitation_reference` | Active exploitation indicators (CISA KEV) | 1,233 |

## Benchmark Tasks

### Task 1: CVE Linkage Retrieval (CVE-R)
Cross-source temporally OOD entity grounding: given exploit/advisory evidence text, retrieve the correct NVD CVE entry from a corpus of 340K descriptions. Queries come from 22 source identifiers across exploit archives, advisories, fix commits, and bug bounty reports; filtered to ≥8 tokens.

| Split | Rows |
|-------|------|
| Train | 56,692 |
| Val | 2,584 |
| Test | 1,990 |
| Corpus | 340,536 |

### Task 2: Exploit Type Classification (ETC)
8-class temporal OOD classification of exploit posts by type: injection, XSS, memory corruption, DoS, file inclusion, authentication/access bypass, RCE, and information disclosure. Sourced from ExploitDB and HackerOne public reports; split by publication year so test posts postdate all training examples.

| Split | Rows |
|-------|------|
| Train | 64,413 |
| Val | 4,735 |
| Test | 1,735 |

### Task 3: Temporal Generalization (TG)
Identical retrieval formulation to Task 1 but with strict CVE-disjoint constraint: C_train ∩ C_test = ∅. Split by CVE publication year (train: <2022, test: 2024+) to test generalization to wholly unseen vulnerabilities.

| Split | Rows |
|-------|------|
| Train | 56,833 |
| Val | 2,535 |
| Test | 1,898 |
| Corpus | 340,536 |

## Schema

Each record in the main corpus contains:

| Field | Type | Description |
|-------|------|-------------|
| `unified_id` | string | Release identifier (truncated SHA-256 of provenance fields and the keyed author pseudonym) |
| `source_dataset` | string | Input source file or dataset name |
| `source_layer` | string | Normalized layer (see above) |
| `text` | string | UTF-8 post/advisory text (max 8000 chars) |
| `timestamp` | string | ISO 8601 publication datetime (UTC) |
| `forum_id` | string | Source identifier |
| `author_hash` | string | Keyed HMAC-SHA-256 author pseudonym (unpublished key, rotated across major versions) |
| `release_mode` | string | Governance mode (see below) |

## Release Governance

Records follow source-specific release modes:

- **`redistributable_text`** (5 sources): Full text included under public-domain or CC licenses.
- **`research_text_with_terms`** (9 sources): Text included with source attribution; no commercial reuse.
- **`metadata_or_pointer_only`** (13 sources): Only metadata, timestamps, CVE refs, text hashes, and lengths; raw text withheld.
See `docs/release_governance.md` for the full source matrix, takedown policy, and responsible-use restrictions.
## Responsible Use
This dataset is intended for **defensive cybersecurity research** only. Prohibited uses include:
- Training systems for automated exploit code generation or malware
- De-anonymizing forum participants outside approved research protocols
- Operational blocking or law-enforcement decisions based solely on model outputs
- Republishing text from `metadata_or_pointer_only` sources

## Known Issues

- **HuggingFace dataset viewer row count**: The viewer may display a partial count (~1M) for the `default/full` split because HF's streaming viewer cannot fully index files over ~10 GB. The actual row count is 7,447,646 as validated against the SHA-256 manifest.
- **Content-scanner warnings**: HF's automated scanner flags several files (including the sample JSONL) as "Unsafe" due to exploit and vulnerability text. This is expected for a cybersecurity research dataset and does not indicate malicious content. See the Responsible Use section below.

## Limitations

- English-language bias; non-English communities may be underrepresented
- Historical forum imports skew toward 2015--2017
- Task labels are weak (CVE-linkage-derived), not human-annotated
- ~8% near-duplicate content remains after exact deduplication
- 1.57M rows under 8 tokens (useful for interaction analysis, not classification)

## Citation

```bibtex
@inproceedings{ampel2026hackersignal,
  title     = {{HackerSignal}: A Multi-Source, {CVE}-Linked Corpus and Prospective Benchmark
               for Cyber Threat Intelligence},
  author    = {Ampel, Benjamin M. and Samtani, Sagar},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS),
               Evaluations and Datasets Track},
  year      = {2026},
  eprint    = {2605.03158},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  primaryClass  = {cs.CR},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03158}
}
```

Paper: [arXiv:2605.03158](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03158) · Code: [github.com/BenAmpel/hackersignal](https://github.com/BenAmpel/hackersignal)

## License

Mixed. Code and metadata: CC BY 4.0. Source text keeps its source's terms, listed per source in `data/release/source_release_manifest.json`: US government public domain (NVD, CISA KEV), CC BY 4.0 (CVEfixes, GitHub Advisory), CC BY-SA 4.0 (ExploitDB-derived records), and dataset-specific or site terms for the rest. Where a source's terms conflict with this tag, the per-source terms govern.

Author pseudonyms changed in version 1.0.0 (keyed HMAC-SHA-256). `author_hash` and `unified_id` values from earlier revisions do not match this release.

	---
	language:
	- en
	- zh
	- ru
	license: other
	license_name: hackersignal-mixed
	license_link: https://huggingface.co/datasets/BenAmpel/HackerSignal/blob/main/data/release/source_release_manifest.json
	size_categories:
	- 1M<n<10M
	task_categories:
	- text-classification
	- text-retrieval
	tags:
	- cybersecurity
	- exploit
	- vulnerability
	- CVE
	- hacker-forum
	- threat-intelligence
	- NLP
	- benchmark
	pretty_name: HackerSignal
	dataset_info:
	splits:
	- name: full
	num_examples: 7447646
	features:
	- name: unified_id
	dtype: string
	- name: source_dataset
	dtype: string
	- name: source_file
	dtype: string
	- name: source_format
	dtype: string
	- name: source_layer
	dtype: string
	- name: source_record_id
	dtype: string
	- name: forum_id
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	- name: author_hash
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw
	dtype: string
	- name: text_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_raw_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_url
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_title
	dtype: string
	- name: section
	dtype: string
	- name: post_index
	dtype: int64
	- name: post_id
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_id
	dtype: string
	- name: scraped_at
	dtype: string
	- name: reply_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: view_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: tags
	sequence: string
	- name: cve_refs
	sequence: string
	- name: dataset_generated_at
	dtype: string
	- name: release_mode
	dtype: string
	- name: released_artifact
	dtype: string
	- name: redaction_reason
	dtype: string
	configs:
	- config_name: default
	data_files:
	- split: full
	path: unified_hacker_communities_neurips_public.jsonl
	features:
	- name: unified_id
	dtype: string
	- name: source_dataset
	dtype: string
	- name: source_file
	dtype: string
	- name: source_format
	dtype: string
	- name: source_layer
	dtype: string
	- name: source_record_id
	dtype: string
	- name: forum_id
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	- name: author_hash
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw
	dtype: string
	- name: text_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_raw_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_url
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_title
	dtype: string
	- name: section
	dtype: string
	- name: post_index
	dtype: int64
	- name: post_id
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_id
	dtype: string
	- name: scraped_at
	dtype: string
	- name: reply_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: view_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: tags
	sequence: string
	- name: cve_refs
	sequence: string
	- name: dataset_generated_at
	dtype: string
	- name: release_mode
	dtype: string
	- name: released_artifact
	dtype: string
	- name: redaction_reason
	dtype: string
	- config_name: sample
	data_files:
	- split: full
	path: hackersignal_sample_10k.jsonl
	features:
	- name: unified_id
	dtype: string
	- name: source_dataset
	dtype: string
	- name: source_file
	dtype: string
	- name: source_format
	dtype: string
	- name: source_layer
	dtype: string
	- name: source_record_id
	dtype: string
	- name: forum_id
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	- name: author_hash
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw
	dtype: string
	- name: text_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_raw_length
	dtype: int64
	- name: text_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: text_raw_sha256
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_url
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_title
	dtype: string
	- name: section
	dtype: string
	- name: post_index
	dtype: int64
	- name: post_id
	dtype: string
	- name: thread_id
	dtype: string
	- name: scraped_at
	dtype: string
	- name: reply_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: view_count
	dtype: int64
	- name: tags
	sequence: string
	- name: cve_refs
	sequence: string
	- name: dataset_generated_at
	dtype: string
	- name: release_mode
	dtype: string
	- name: released_artifact
	dtype: string
	- name: redaction_reason
	dtype: string
	- config_name: task1_cve_linkage
	data_files:
	- split: train
	path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/train.jsonl
	- split: validation
	path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/val.jsonl
	- split: test
	path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/test.jsonl
	- split: corpus
	path: benchmark_v2/task1_cve_linkage/corpus.jsonl
	features:
	- name: id
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: cve_id
	dtype: string
	- name: source
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	- config_name: task2_exploit_type
	data_files:
	- split: train
	path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/train.jsonl
	- split: validation
	path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/val.jsonl
	- split: test
	path: benchmark_v2/task2_exploit_type/test.jsonl
	features:
	- name: id
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: label
	dtype: string
	- name: source
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	- config_name: task3_temporal_generalization
	data_files:
	- split: train
	path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/train.jsonl
	- split: validation
	path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/val.jsonl
	- split: test
	path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/test.jsonl
	- split: corpus
	path: benchmark_v2/task3_temporal_generalization/corpus.jsonl
	features:
	- name: id
	dtype: string
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: cve_id
	dtype: string
	- name: source
	dtype: string
	- name: timestamp
	dtype: string
	---

	# HackerSignal

	A large-scale, multi-source dataset linking hacker community discourse, exploit databases, vulnerability advisories, and fix commits through a shared CVE identifier space.

	## Overview

	\| Statistic \| Value \|
	\|-----------\|-------\|
	\| Documents \| 7,447,646 (exact-deduplicated) \|
	\| Sources \| 64 public forum/source identifiers \|
	\| Source layers \| 8 \|
	\| Temporal span \| 1988--2026 \|
	\| CVE-linked rows \| 360,004 \|
	\| Benchmark tasks \| 3 \|

	## Quick Start

	```python
	from datasets import load_dataset

	# Load the 10K stratified sample (24 MB)
	sample = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "sample")

	# Load a benchmark task
	task1 = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "task1_cve_linkage")

	# Load the full corpus (12 GB)
	full = load_dataset("BenAmpel/HackerSignal", "default")
	```

	## Source Layers

	\| Layer \| Description \| Rows \|
	\|-------\|-------------\|------\|
	\| `hacker_community` \| Forum posts from hacker/security communities \| 6,974,128 \|
	\| `exploit_archive` \| Published exploit code and advisories \| 197,393 \|
	\| `vulnerability_reference` \| NVD CVE descriptions and structured advisories \| 150,916 \|
	\| `exploit_qa_reference` \| Security Q&A and tutorial content \| 68,791 \|
	\| `advisory_reference` \| Vendor and third-party security advisories \| 30,361 \|
	\| `bug_bounty_disclosure` \| Public bug bounty reports \| 13,720 \|
	\| `fix_commit_reference` \| Vulnerability fix commit messages \| 11,104 \|
	\| `exploitation_reference` \| Active exploitation indicators (CISA KEV) \| 1,233 \|

	## Benchmark Tasks

	### Task 1: CVE Linkage Retrieval (CVE-R)
	Cross-source temporally OOD entity grounding: given exploit/advisory evidence text, retrieve the correct NVD CVE entry from a corpus of 340K descriptions. Queries come from 22 source identifiers across exploit archives, advisories, fix commits, and bug bounty reports; filtered to ≥8 tokens.

	\| Split \| Rows \|
	\|-------\|------\|
	\| Train \| 56,692 \|
	\| Val \| 2,584 \|
	\| Test \| 1,990 \|
	\| Corpus \| 340,536 \|

	### Task 2: Exploit Type Classification (ETC)
	8-class temporal OOD classification of exploit posts by type: injection, XSS, memory corruption, DoS, file inclusion, authentication/access bypass, RCE, and information disclosure. Sourced from ExploitDB and HackerOne public reports; split by publication year so test posts postdate all training examples.

	\| Split \| Rows \|
	\|-------\|------\|
	\| Train \| 64,413 \|
	\| Val \| 4,735 \|
	\| Test \| 1,735 \|

	### Task 3: Temporal Generalization (TG)
	Identical retrieval formulation to Task 1 but with strict CVE-disjoint constraint: C_train ∩ C_test = ∅. Split by CVE publication year (train: <2022, test: 2024+) to test generalization to wholly unseen vulnerabilities.

	\| Split \| Rows \|
	\|-------\|------\|
	\| Train \| 56,833 \|
	\| Val \| 2,535 \|
	\| Test \| 1,898 \|
	\| Corpus \| 340,536 \|

	## Schema

	Each record in the main corpus contains:

	\| Field \| Type \| Description \|
	\|-------\|------\|-------------\|
	\| `unified_id` \| string \| Release identifier (truncated SHA-256 of provenance fields and the keyed author pseudonym) \|
	\| `source_dataset` \| string \| Input source file or dataset name \|
	\| `source_layer` \| string \| Normalized layer (see above) \|
	\| `text` \| string \| UTF-8 post/advisory text (max 8000 chars) \|
	\| `timestamp` \| string \| ISO 8601 publication datetime (UTC) \|
	\| `forum_id` \| string \| Source identifier \|
	\| `author_hash` \| string \| Keyed HMAC-SHA-256 author pseudonym (unpublished key, rotated across major versions) \|
	\| `release_mode` \| string \| Governance mode (see below) \|

	## Release Governance

	Records follow source-specific release modes:

	- `redistributable_text` (5 sources): Full text included under public-domain or CC licenses.
	- `research_text_with_terms` (9 sources): Text included with source attribution; no commercial reuse.
	- `metadata_or_pointer_only` (13 sources): Only metadata, timestamps, CVE refs, text hashes, and lengths; raw text withheld.

	See `docs/release_governance.md` for the full source matrix, takedown policy, and responsible-use restrictions.

	## Responsible Use

	This dataset is intended for defensive cybersecurity research only. Prohibited uses include:
	- Training systems for automated exploit code generation or malware
	- De-anonymizing forum participants outside approved research protocols
	- Operational blocking or law-enforcement decisions based solely on model outputs
	- Republishing text from `metadata_or_pointer_only` sources

	## Known Issues

	- HuggingFace dataset viewer row count: The viewer may display a partial count (~1M) for the `default/full` split because HF's streaming viewer cannot fully index files over ~10 GB. The actual row count is 7,447,646 as validated against the SHA-256 manifest.
	- Content-scanner warnings: HF's automated scanner flags several files (including the sample JSONL) as "Unsafe" due to exploit and vulnerability text. This is expected for a cybersecurity research dataset and does not indicate malicious content. See the Responsible Use section below.

	## Limitations

	- English-language bias; non-English communities may be underrepresented
	- Historical forum imports skew toward 2015--2017
	- Task labels are weak (CVE-linkage-derived), not human-annotated
	- ~8% near-duplicate content remains after exact deduplication
	- 1.57M rows under 8 tokens (useful for interaction analysis, not classification)

	## Citation

	```bibtex
	@inproceedings{ampel2026hackersignal,
	title = {{HackerSignal}: A Multi-Source, {CVE}-Linked Corpus and Prospective Benchmark
	for Cyber Threat Intelligence},
	author = {Ampel, Benjamin M. and Samtani, Sagar},
	booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS),
	Evaluations and Datasets Track},
	year = {2026},
	eprint = {2605.03158},
	archivePrefix = {arXiv},
	primaryClass = {cs.CR},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03158}
	}
	```

	Paper: [arXiv:2605.03158](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03158) · Code: [github.com/BenAmpel/hackersignal](https://github.com/BenAmpel/hackersignal)

	## License

	Mixed. Code and metadata: CC BY 4.0. Source text keeps its source's terms, listed per source in `data/release/source_release_manifest.json`: US government public domain (NVD, CISA KEV), CC BY 4.0 (CVEfixes, GitHub Advisory), CC BY-SA 4.0 (ExploitDB-derived records), and dataset-specific or site terms for the rest. Where a source's terms conflict with this tag, the per-source terms govern.

	Author pseudonyms changed in version 1.0.0 (keyed HMAC-SHA-256). `author_hash` and `unified_id` values from earlier revisions do not match this release.