id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
57335b42d058e614000b58e5 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Rapid increases in a number of commodity prices followed the collapse in the housing bubble. The price of oil nearly tripled from $50 to $147 from early 2007 to 2008, before plunging as the financial crisis began to take hold in late 2008. Experts debate the causes, with some attributing it to speculative flow of money... | Consumers tend to have less money to spend on other goods, when the price of which commodity is higher? | {
"text": [
"gasoline"
],
"answer_start": [
665
]
} |
57335c77d058e614000b5907 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement) Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as... | Who was the former director of the CFTC that testified before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008? | {
"text": [
"Michael Greenberger"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
57335c77d058e614000b5908 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement) Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as... | Who did Michael Greenberger erronesously name as a key player in speculative run-up of oil futures? | {
"text": [
"IntercontinentalExchange"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
57335c77d058e614000b5909 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement) Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as... | Who founded the Atlanta-based Intercontinental Exchange? | {
"text": [
"Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
57335c77d058e614000b590a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement) Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as... | Who purchased the International Petroleum Exchange in 2001? | {
"text": [
"IntercontinentalExchange (ICE)"
],
"answer_start": [
464
]
} |
57335c77d058e614000b590b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement) Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as... | Where are regulated future exchanges located? | {
"text": [
"London and New York"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
57335ed14776f419006608d5 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession, and call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession. They argue that such a reshapin... | Who is one of the feminist economists that believe the financial crisis revealed a crisis of mainstream economics and call for a complete reshaping of the economy? | {
"text": [
"Ailsa McKay"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
57335ed14776f419006608d6 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession, and call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession. They argue that such a reshapin... | Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjornhold believe that the financial crisis and response reveal a crisis of ideas in this? | {
"text": [
"mainstream economics"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
57335ed14776f419006608d7 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession, and call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession. They argue that such a reshapin... | According to feminist economists McKay and Bjornholt, would type economics should be included in a reshaping? | {
"text": [
"feminist economics"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
57335ed14776f419006608d8 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession, and call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession. They argue that such a reshapin... | What do economists McKay and Bjornholt want to occur in the economy, economic theory, and economics profession? | {
"text": [
"a reshaping"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} |
573360014776f4190066090a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that wa... | Who was the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India that predicted the crisis in 2005? | {
"text": [
"Raghuram Rajan"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
573360014776f4190066090b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that wa... | When did Raghuram Rajan become chief economist the the International Monetary Fund? | {
"text": [
"2005"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
573360014776f4190066090c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that wa... | In 2005, where did Rajan deliver a controversial paper that was critical of the financial paper? | {
"text": [
"at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
573360014776f4190066090d | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that wa... | What was the name of Raghuram Rajan's controversial paper delivered in 2005? | {
"text": [
"\"Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier?\""
],
"answer_start": [
371
]
} |
573360014776f4190066090e | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that wa... | What are risks called that generate severe adverse consequences with small probability but generous compensation the rest of the time? | {
"text": [
"tail risks"
],
"answer_start": [
696
]
} |
5733612b4776f41900660932 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. A number of heterodox economists predicted the crisis, with varying arguments. Dirk Bezemer in his research credits (with supporting argument and estimates of timing) 12 economists wi... | Who was one of the only mainstream economist to predict the financial crisis? | {
"text": [
"Raghuram Rajan"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
5733612b4776f41900660933 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. A number of heterodox economists predicted the crisis, with varying arguments. Dirk Bezemer in his research credits (with supporting argument and estimates of timing) 12 economists wi... | What did Raghuram Rajan speak of? | {
"text": [
"Great Moderation"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
5733612b4776f41900660934 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. A number of heterodox economists predicted the crisis, with varying arguments. Dirk Bezemer in his research credits (with supporting argument and estimates of timing) 12 economists wi... | Who credit 12 heterodox economists with predicting the crisis in his research credits? | {
"text": [
"Dirk Bezemer"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
5733612b4776f41900660935 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. A number of heterodox economists predicted the crisis, with varying arguments. Dirk Bezemer in his research credits (with supporting argument and estimates of timing) 12 economists wi... | How did the Austrian economic school regard the crisis? | {
"text": [
"as a vindication"
],
"answer_start": [
768
]
} |
5733612b4776f41900660936 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. A number of heterodox economists predicted the crisis, with varying arguments. Dirk Bezemer in his research credits (with supporting argument and estimates of timing) 12 economists wi... | Which former Fed Chair confessed in Congressional testimony to being forced to return to lax monetary supply? | {
"text": [
"Alan Greenspan"
],
"answer_start": [
1005
]
} |
5733625f4776f41900660962 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A cover story in BusinessWeek magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis... | Which magazine ran a cover story claiming that most economists failed to the the financial crisis? | {
"text": [
"BusinessWeek"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
5733625f4776f41900660963 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A cover story in BusinessWeek magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis... | The financial crisis of 2007 was the worst economic crisis since which crisis that occurred in the 1930s? | {
"text": [
"Great Depression"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
5733625f4776f41900660964 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A cover story in BusinessWeek magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis... | Which school at University of Pennsylvania examined in their online business journal why economists failed to predict the crisis? | {
"text": [
"The Wharton School"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
5733625f4776f41900660965 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A cover story in BusinessWeek magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis... | Which economist did the New York Times state warned of a crisis as early as September 2006? | {
"text": [
"Nouriel Roubini"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} |
5733625f4776f41900660966 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A cover story in BusinessWeek magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis... | What was economist Roubini called by the New York Times for predicting a collapse of the housing market? | {
"text": [
"\"Dr. Doom\""
],
"answer_start": [
897
]
} |
573363724776f41900660995 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed... | Who wrote the 2007 book The Black Swan? | {
"text": [
"Nassim Nicholas Taleb"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
573363724776f41900660996 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed... | What journalist from the New York Times stated his believe in Nassim Nicholas Taleb? | {
"text": [
"David Brooks"
],
"answer_start": [
568
]
} |
573363724776f41900660997 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed... | What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb warn about for years prior to the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"text": [
"the breakdown of the banking system"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} |
573363724776f41900660998 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed... | What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb make a fortune on by making a big financial bet? | {
"text": [
"banking stocks"
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} |
5733651b4776f419006609bf | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist "between the current market malaise" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. "It's v... | Who is the market strategist that believes distinctions exist between the current crisis and the Great Depression? | {
"text": [
"Phil Dow"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
5733651b4776f419006609c0 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist "between the current market malaise" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. "It's v... | How much did the Dow Jones average fall during a period of 17 months? | {
"text": [
"50%"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
5733651b4776f419006609c1 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist "between the current market malaise" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. "It's v... | What was the percentage the Dow Jones fell in the Great Depression? | {
"text": [
"54.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
5733651b4776f419006609c2 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist "between the current market malaise" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. "It's v... | Who was the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times in March 2009? | {
"text": [
"Floyd Norris"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
573365f4d058e614000b5a14 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise... | Which medium sized British bank was the first victim of the financial crisis? | {
"text": [
"Northern Rock"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
573365f4d058e614000b5a15 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise... | Who did Northern Rock request security from? | {
"text": [
"Bank of England"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
573365f4d058e614000b5a16 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise... | When did Northern Rock investors panic and a bank run begin? | {
"text": [
"September 2007"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
573365f4d058e614000b5a17 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise... | When was Northern Rock taken into public hands? | {
"text": [
"February 2008"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
573365f4d058e614000b5a18 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise... | Which bank early problems in 2007 were an indicator of the troubles that would soon befall other banks and financial institutions? | {
"text": [
"Northern Rock"
],
"answer_start": [
510
]
} |
573368994776f41900660a3f | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, usi... | IndyMac often made loans without verifying what? | {
"text": [
"the borrower’s income"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
573368994776f41900660a40 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, usi... | What was questionable on IndyMac's underlying collateral? | {
"text": [
"Appraisals"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} |
573368994776f41900660a41 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, usi... | IndyMac gave loans to borrower's with what type credit histories? | {
"text": [
"poor"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
573368994776f41900660a42 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, usi... | IndyMac offered this type of questionable loans to borrowers? | {
"text": [
"risky"
],
"answer_start": [
345
]
} |
573368994776f41900660a43 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, usi... | IndyMac resisted efforts by regulators to tighten this criteria of their loans? | {
"text": [
"issuing criteria"
],
"answer_start": [
759
]
} |
57337fd34776f41900660bf9 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Typical American families did not fare as well, nor did those "wealthy-but-not wealthiest" families just beneath the pyramid's top. On the other hand, half of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis. The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that t... | How many of the poorest families did not have any wealth decline during the financial crisis? | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} |
57337fd34776f41900660bfa | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Typical American families did not fare as well, nor did those "wealthy-but-not wealthiest" families just beneath the pyramid's top. On the other hand, half of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis. The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that t... | In a Federal Reserve survey of 4,000 households, what percent reported wealth decline between 2007 and 2009? | {
"text": [
"63"
],
"answer_start": [
339
]
} |
57337fd34776f41900660bfb | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Typical American families did not fare as well, nor did those "wealthy-but-not wealthiest" families just beneath the pyramid's top. On the other hand, half of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis. The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that t... | How many of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth between 2007 and 2009? | {
"text": [
"77"
],
"answer_start": [
392
]
} |
57337fd34776f41900660bfc | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Typical American families did not fare as well, nor did those "wealthy-but-not wealthiest" families just beneath the pyramid's top. On the other hand, half of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis. The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that t... | How many families at the bottom of the pyramid had a decrease in total wealth between 2007 and 2009? | {
"text": [
"50"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
57337fd34776f41900660bfd | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Typical American families did not fare as well, nor did those "wealthy-but-not wealthiest" families just beneath the pyramid's top. On the other hand, half of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis. The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that t... | Which families experienced the least decline in wealth between 2007 and 2009? | {
"text": [
"poorest families"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
573381524776f41900660c15 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers pred... | On November 3, 2008, who predicted extremely weak GDP growth for the Eurozone in 2009? | {
"text": [
"European Commission at Brussels"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
} |
573381524776f41900660c16 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers pred... | How much did the European Commission estimate the GDP growth for Eurozone countries would be in 2009? | {
"text": [
"0.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} |
573381524776f41900660c17 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers pred... | How much did the European Commission estimate the GDP growth for the UK would be in 2009? | {
"text": [
"−1.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
573381524776f41900660c18 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers pred... | On November 6, in Washington, D.C., who predicted a worldwide recession for 2009? | {
"text": [
"the IMF"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
573381524776f41900660c19 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers pred... | On November 5, 2008, the Bank of England reduced their interest rate from 4.5% to what? | {
"text": [
"3%"
],
"answer_start": [
536
]
} |
5733823bd058e614000b5c03 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks around the world have taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral, in which lower wages and higher unemployment lead to a self-reinforcing decline in global consumption. In addition, governments have enacted large fiscal stimulus packages, b... | What have central banks around the world done to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral? | {
"text": [
"expand money supplies"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
5733823bd058e614000b5c04 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks around the world have taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral, in which lower wages and higher unemployment lead to a self-reinforcing decline in global consumption. In addition, governments have enacted large fiscal stimulus packages, b... | What have governments done to offset the reduction in private sector demand? | {
"text": [
"enacted large fiscal stimulus packages"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
5733823bd058e614000b5c05 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks around the world have taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral, in which lower wages and higher unemployment lead to a self-reinforcing decline in global consumption. In addition, governments have enacted large fiscal stimulus packages, b... | What is the U.S. Federal Reserve's traditional role during a crisis? | {
"text": [
"lender-of-last-resort"
],
"answer_start": [
549
]
} |
5733823bd058e614000b5c06 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks around the world have taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral, in which lower wages and higher unemployment lead to a self-reinforcing decline in global consumption. In addition, governments have enacted large fiscal stimulus packages, b... | What did the U.S. Federal Reserve do to increase access to liquidity? | {
"text": [
"expanded liquidity facilities"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} |
5733823bd058e614000b5c07 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks around the world have taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral, in which lower wages and higher unemployment lead to a self-reinforcing decline in global consumption. In addition, governments have enacted large fiscal stimulus packages, b... | What type decline does lower wages and higher unemployment lead to? | {
"text": [
"self-reinforcing decline"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
} |
5733835e4776f41900660c4b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse. The response of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England and other central banks was immediate and dramatic. During the last quarter of 2008, these central banks purchased US$2.5 trillion of government debt and t... | What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? | {
"text": [
"credit freeze"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} |
5733835e4776f41900660c4c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse. The response of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England and other central banks was immediate and dramatic. During the last quarter of 2008, these central banks purchased US$2.5 trillion of government debt and t... | How much government debt and troubled private assets did central banks purchase during the last quarter of 2008? | {
"text": [
"US$2.5 trillion"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
5733835e4776f41900660c4d | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse. The response of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England and other central banks was immediate and dramatic. During the last quarter of 2008, these central banks purchased US$2.5 trillion of government debt and t... | How much preferred stock did governments of European nations and the USA purchase in their major banks? | {
"text": [
"$1.5 trillion"
],
"answer_start": [
719
]
} |
5733835e4776f41900660c4e | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse. The response of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England and other central banks was immediate and dramatic. During the last quarter of 2008, these central banks purchased US$2.5 trillion of government debt and t... | In October 2010, who was the Nobel laureate that explained how the U.S. Federal Reserve was creating currency to combat the liquidity trap? | {
"text": [
"Joseph Stiglitz"
],
"answer_start": [
816
]
} |
5733835e4776f41900660c4f | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse. The response of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England and other central banks was immediate and dramatic. During the last quarter of 2008, these central banks purchased US$2.5 trillion of government debt and t... | What did the banks chose to do with the money created by the Federal Reserve instead of financing more domestic loans and refinancing mortgages? | {
"text": [
"investing internationally in emerging markets"
],
"answer_start": [
1235
]
} |
57338497d058e614000b5c4c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009. The proposals address consumer protection, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements, expanded regulation of the shadow banking system and derivatives, and enhanced authority for the Fede... | What was introduced by President Barack Obama in June 2009? | {
"text": [
"a series of regulatory proposals"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
57338497d058e614000b5c4d | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009. The proposals address consumer protection, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements, expanded regulation of the shadow banking system and derivatives, and enhanced authority for the Fede... | What was one of the items important to consumers that was addressed by the new regulatory proposals introduced in June 2009? | {
"text": [
"consumer protection"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
57338497d058e614000b5c4e | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009. The proposals address consumer protection, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements, expanded regulation of the shadow banking system and derivatives, and enhanced authority for the Fede... | Regulations were proposed by Obama in January 2010 to limit the ability of banks to engage in which type trading? | {
"text": [
"proprietary"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
57338497d058e614000b5c4f | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009. The proposals address consumer protection, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements, expanded regulation of the shadow banking system and derivatives, and enhanced authority for the Fede... | Who were proposed new regulations called "The Volcker Rule" named after? | {
"text": [
"Paul Volcker"
],
"answer_start": [
586
]
} |
57338497d058e614000b5c50 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009. The proposals address consumer protection, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements, expanded regulation of the shadow banking system and derivatives, and enhanced authority for the Fede... | Who publicly argued for changes limiting the ability of banks to engage in proprietary trading? | {
"text": [
"Paul Volcker"
],
"answer_start": [
586
]
} |
5733857b4776f41900660c89 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010, following the House which passed a bill in December 2009. These bills must now be reconciled. The New York Times provided a comparative summary of the features of the two bills, which address to varying extent the principles enumerated by the Obama administration. For i... | When did the U.S. Senate first pass a financial reform bill? | {
"text": [
"May 2010"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} |
5733857b4776f41900660c8a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010, following the House which passed a bill in December 2009. These bills must now be reconciled. The New York Times provided a comparative summary of the features of the two bills, which address to varying extent the principles enumerated by the Obama administration. For i... | When did the U.S. House first pass a financial reform bill? | {
"text": [
"December 2009"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} |
5733857b4776f41900660c8b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010, following the House which passed a bill in December 2009. These bills must now be reconciled. The New York Times provided a comparative summary of the features of the two bills, which address to varying extent the principles enumerated by the Obama administration. For i... | What rule against proprietary trading was not part of legislation passed by either the Senate or House? | {
"text": [
"Volcker Rule"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} |
5733857b4776f41900660c8c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010, following the House which passed a bill in December 2009. These bills must now be reconciled. The New York Times provided a comparative summary of the features of the two bills, which address to varying extent the principles enumerated by the Obama administration. For i... | Which bill gave regulators the discretion to prohibit proprietary trades? | {
"text": [
"Senate"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69eb | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What action in 2007 by national governments prevented the collapse of large financial institutions? | {
"text": [
"bailout of banks"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ec | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | How much estimated consumer wealth was lost as a result of the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"text": [
"trillions of U.S. dollars"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ed | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What is the date the active phase of the financial crisis began as a liquidity crisis? | {
"text": [
"August 9, 2007"
],
"answer_start": [
649
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ee | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What year did the global recession that followed the financial crisis of 2007 end? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
481
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ef | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What was the name of the company that terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds in 2007 citing a liquidity crisis? | {
"text": [
"BNP Paribas"
],
"answer_start": [
670
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e5 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | What year did the U.S. housing bubble peak? | {
"text": [
"2004"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e6 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | What year did Congress pass the American Recover and Reinvestment Act? | {
"text": [
"2009"
],
"answer_start": [
1268
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e7 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | Overvaluation of bundled subprime mortgages was based on the theory that housing prices would continue to do this? | {
"text": [
"escalate"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e8 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | One of the causes of the financial crisis was easier access to loans by this type borrower? | {
"text": [
"subprime"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e9 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | In 2007, banks and insurance companies did not have adequate holdings of which type to back their financial commitments? | {
"text": [
"capital"
],
"answer_start": [
653
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e6728 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What is the name of the U.S. Senate report giving their conclusions for the cause of the crisis? | {
"text": [
"Levin–Coburn Report"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e6729 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | Which act was repealed in 1999 effectively removing the separation between investment and deposit banks? | {
"text": [
"Glass-Steagall Act"
],
"answer_start": [
1179
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What is the name of the commission who concluded the financial crisis was avoidable? | {
"text": [
"Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission"
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What agency failed to accurately price risk involved in mortgage-related financial products? | {
"text": [
"credit rating agencies"
],
"answer_start": [
1321
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What practices should have been adjusted by governments to address 21st-century financial markets? | {
"text": [
"regulatory"
],
"answer_start": [
1487
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a65 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | What are MBS as related to the housing and credit booms? | {
"text": [
"mortgage-backed securities"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a66 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | What are CDO as related to the housing and credit booms? | {
"text": [
"collateralized debt obligations"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a67 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | When housing prices declined, who reported significant losses from being heavily invested in subprime MBS? | {
"text": [
"major global financial institutions"
],
"answer_start": [
391
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a68 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | Who could invest in the U.S. housing market through MBS and CDO? | {
"text": [
"institutions and investors around the world"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a69 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | MBS and CDO derive their value from? | {
"text": [
"mortgage payments and housing prices"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadc | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | How much are total losses estimated to be from falling home prices? | {
"text": [
"trillions of U.S. dollars"
],
"answer_start": [
477
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadd | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What is the financial incentive when a home is worth less than the mortgage loan? | {
"text": [
"foreclosure"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadb | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What year did the foreclosure epidemic begin? | {
"text": [
"late 2006"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eade | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What other financial instruments had significant defaults and losses as a result of the crisis expanding from housing to other parts of the economy? | {
"text": [
"other loan types"
],
"answer_start": [
319
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadf | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What continues to drain consumer wealth and erode the strength of banks? | {
"text": [
"foreclosure epidemic"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab72 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What institutions comprise the shadow banking system? | {
"text": [
"investment banks and hedge funds"
],
"answer_start": [
567
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab73 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What institutions are not subject to the same regulations as commercial banks? | {
"text": [
"investment banks and hedge funds"
],
"answer_start": [
567
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab74 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile? | {
"text": [
"financialization"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} |
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