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Python : My work : Scan the paperCheck horizontal and vertical lineDetect checkboxHow to know checkbox is ticked or notAt this point , I thought I could find it by using Hierarchical and Contours : Below is my workI got this result ( some high contours , some high hierarchy ) Another result : Low Contours , Low Hierarc... | Best way to detect if checkbox is ticked |
Python : I´ve a mind challenge riddle that i want to resolve using python . They give 4 numbers ( 25 , 28 , 38 , 35 ) and they want us to place the numbers in ... + ... - ... = ... One possible solution is 25+38-35=28 . I´ve tried to , making a list from the numbers , iterate them with some loops and an if : lst= [ 25 ... | Python : iterate through a list |
Python : How to find only doubles in list ? My version of the algorithmneed find result such as ccode defects : three list ( a , b , c ) , one collections ( dict ) long codeme need leave list doubles values , example . x = [ 1,2,2,2,3,4,5,6,6,7 ] , need [ 2,2,2,6,6 ] not [ 2,6 ] <code> import collectionsa = [ 1,2,3,4... | How to find and leave only doubles in list python ? |
Python : Let 's have a.py be : At a console , if I simply import a , things make sense to me : However , if I do the less popular thing and ... I 've read opinions about why people do n't like `` from module import * `` from a namespace perspective , but I ca n't find anything on this behavior , and frankly I figured o... | Why is behavior different with respect to global variables in `` import module '' vs `` from module import * `` ? |
Python : Update : This does not hold for R 's inferior ESS process on Mac , but of course I 'm here interested in Python . More updates : It just seems the buffer is slow for evaluating newlines.Whenever I evaluate ( send text ) to the inferior buffer , it is extremely slow to send and render the text in the inferior b... | Slow Mac when sending input to an inferior python process |
Python : I have working code that looks like this : I 'd like to know if there is a more elegant way of doing that . I would like to not have my code nested three layers deep like that , and if I could get this to a one-liner likeThat would be even more awesome . I also edited this to point out that the directories are... | pythonic way to access each file in a list of directories |
Python : Today while writing some especially terrible code , I stumbled across this mysterious behavior . The Python 3 program below prints a randomly selected attribute of object . How does this happen ? An obvious suspect for the nondeterminism is the random ordering of the vars ( object ) dictionary , but I ca n't s... | Why does this code print a randomly selected attribute ? |
Python : We usually use the backslash to escape illegal characters.For example , escaping the double quotes.In f-strings , curly braces are used for placeholding . To represent a curly brace , the braces are doubled.For example , Why was this intuitive approach not favored when developing f-strings ? Is there some tech... | Why are double curly braces used instead of backslash in python f-strings ? |
Python : I have just started learning the basics of pandas , and there is one thing which made me think.The output for this program is : One possible solution to get the desired output is to typecast the map object into a list.Output : However if I use range ( ) , which also returns its own type in Python 3 , there is ... | Why is it required to typecast a map into a list to assign it to a pandas series ? |
Python : Backgroundmy software visualizes very large datasets , e.g . the data is so large I ca n't store all the data in RAM at any one time it is required to be loaded in a page fashion . I embed matplotlib functionality for displaying and manipulating the plot in the backend of my application.These datasets contains... | Can I make an O ( 1 ) search algorithm using a sorted array with a known step ? |
Python : I am trying to do linear combination in Numpy to get the traverse of the vector between two points , but the way I am doing is quite hideous.Output beingIs there any better way to do it ( of course efficiently ) ? <code> import numpy as npa=np.array ( [ 1,2 ] ) b=np.array ( [ 3,4 ] ) t=np.linspace ( 0,1,4 ) c=... | Traversing 2D line in Numpy ? |
Python : I 've noticed when experimenting with lists that p= p+i is different then p += i For example : In the above code test prints out to the original value of [ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , ] But if I switch p = p + test1 with p += test1 As in the followingtest now equals [ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 8 ] What is the reason for the differe... | difference between adding lists in python with + and += |
Python : I have a list of thousands of elements of a form like the following : I am trying to convert these string elements to tuples using ast.literal_eval , but it is breaking on encountering things like leading zeros ( e.g . in the third tuple string shown ) with the error SyntaxError : invalid token.What would be a... | How can I evaluate a list of strings as a list of tuples in Python ? |
Python : Given the classCompilation fails ( using 3.8.0 ) However , according to this post , rotate should be resolvable . Note that qualifying with class name VigenereCipher does n't work either since it ca n't find VigenereCipher ( makes sense , since we are in the process of defining it ) .I can make rotate a module... | How to reference static method from class variable |
Python : If I use the debugger , most of the times I just want to see what the interpreter does in my code . I want to step over all code of the framework and libraries I use.AFAIK this is called Black Boxing.How can I do this with Python ipdb or an other Python debugger ? Imagine this : I use a orm framework which I t... | Python Debugger which supports Black Boxing ? |
Python : Sometimes , I build up a thing by repeatedly applying map , and then having python perform the operations all at once.For example , I could build up a list of lists of ranges like so : So far , all I have is a single list of 3 items , and a couple of map objects . Laziness achieved . If , at this point , I wou... | Apply python lazy map for in-place functions ? |
Python : Is there an easy way to delete a property of a dictionary in Python when it is possible that the property may not be present to begin with ? if the del statement is used , a KeyError is the result : Its a little wordy to use an if statement and you have to type 'foo ' and a twice : Looking for something simila... | Delete a property of a dictionary in Python that may or may not be present |
Python : I have a Python script that calls another shell script -When I run the script , arg3 gets split to `` Some '' and `` String '' and is passed as two separate arguments . How can I overcome this to pass `` Some String '' as a single argument ? EDIT : SOLVED I was calling another function internally in the called... | How do I pass parameters with whitespaces to bash through subprocess ? |
Python : I looked through Stack Overflow thoroughly and I could n't find any helpful results . At this point I 'm not even sure if this is possible , but because I 'm only a beginner I thought I 'd at least ask it here.Basically , I have multiple data set , each with about 8 million rows and I do not want to loop over ... | Is it possible to do array-wise operation on assignment ? |
Python : I am trying to calculate the area of a graph using integrals . The user is supposed to give me 3 numbers : x1 , x2 – the bounds of the integral N is in how many pieces the program will divide the functionHowever , I keep getting wrong results.The first difficulty that I faced is that range accepts only integer... | Errors in program for calculating integrals |
Python : I have tried the example provided by official tutorial found here : http : //saratoga.readthedocs.org/en/latest/serviceclasses.htmlI have made a few changes to the code and this is how it looks like : My problem is that I need to provide the account=211829 in the URL just like name=earth.What I have written be... | supplying variables to class dynamically |
Python : What 's the most pythonic way to take the single item of a 1-sized list in python ? I usually go forThis would fail for an empty list , but I would like a way to make it fail even if the list is longer , something like : but I find this ugly . Is there anything better ? <code> item = singlet_list [ 0 ] assert ... | Pythonic way to get the single element of a 1-sized list |
Python : I am writing my first Python ( 3.4 ) application using SQLalchemy . I have several methods which all have a very similar pattern . They take an optional argument session which defaults to None . If session is passed , the function uses that session , otherwise it opens and uses a new session . For example , co... | Python decorate methods with variable number of positional args and optional arg |
Python : The original context of this bug is a piece of code too large to post in a question like this . I had to whittle this code down to a minimal snippet that still exhibits the bug . This is why the code shown below is somewhat bizarre-looking.In the code below , the class Foo may thought of as a convoluted way to... | Annoying generator bug |
Python : I 'm fairly new to Python and so I 'm not extremely familiar with the syntax and the way things work exactly . It 's possible I 'm misunderstanding , but from what I can tell from my code this line : is creating 9 references to the same Board object , rather than 9 different Board objects . How do I create 9 d... | List of Lists of Object referencing same object in Python |
Python : In Python you can append a list to itself and it will accept the assignment.My question is why ? Python allows this rather than throwing an error , is that because there 's a potential use for it or is it just because it was n't seen as necessary to explicitly forbid this behaviour ? <code> > > > l = [ 0,1 ] >... | What 's the use of a circular reference ? |
Python : Here 's my list of tuples : I 'm trying to sum the first index value in a list of tuples where the values at indices 1 and 2 are identical . Note that regions [ 0 ] and regions [ 3 ] have the same values at indices 1 and 2.My desired list is : I realize that I probably need to save it as a dictionary first , p... | Sum tuples if identical values |
Python : My code is organized this way : On filters.py there are some exported functions ( included in __init__.py ) and some unexported functions , that begin with underscore.On filters_test.py I have no trouble testing the exported functions , that I can access like this : ( note that `` app '' is part of my PYTHONPA... | testing non-exported methods in python |
Python : I have a question about the scope in python functions . I 've included an example that demonstrates the issue I am having . fun0 redefines the first entry in varible c 's list . This change is reflected outside of fun0 , even when I do n't return any values from fun0.fun1 redefines the variable c entirely , bu... | Python function scope |
Python : I have a Dataframe like : I want to check when successive Price Values are same then return the row with Max Quantity Value.My Result Dataframe Like : PS : Here in result table Price Value 27850.00 appears once more in Row No:7 and will be considered as independently . Similarly for 28000.00 also . <code> time... | Find Max of successive Similar Values |
Python : I am trying to produce string variants by applying substitutions optionally.For example , one substitution scheme is removing any sequence of blank characters.Rather than replacing all occurrences like– I need , instead , two variants to be produced for each occurrence , in that the substitution is performed i... | Combinatorial product of regex substitutions |
Python : I 'm having some trouble getting these two dfs to join the way I would like . The first df has a hierarchical index that I created using df1 = df3.groupby ( [ `` STATE_PROV_CODE '' , `` COUNTY '' ] ) .size ( ) to get the count for each county.In SQL I would like to do the following : I would like the result to... | Pandas join on 2 columns |
Python : I have a series of lists that looks like this : How can I rearrange the items in each list so that the first item is ' b.something ' ? For the example above : Maintaining the order after the first item is n't important . Thanks for the help . <code> li1 = [ ' a.1 ' , ' b.9 ' , ' c.8 ' , 'd.1 ' , ' e.2 ' ] li2 ... | What is the best way to sort list with custom sorting parameters in Python ? |
Python : Is there a simple way to `` simulate '' the assignment of arguments to function parameters ? Say I have a functionand I call it the following way : I want to extract what args and kwargs will be in the function fn , without calling fn.Basically , I am trying to write a function that takes as input a function a... | Simulate the assignment of function arguments to *args and **kwargs |
Python : I 'm using portable python 2.7.5.1.The following line : Causes a memory error ( with no other messages ) : Note : there are only comments in lines 1-11.Decreasing one unit in the funny number above the error disappears.Considering that 11 million ai n't that large , I believe there must be some simple setting ... | Memory error allocating list of 11,464,882 empty dicts |
Python : I 'm having a strange behaviour here : I just upgraded to Django 1.9.4 from Django 1.9a1 using pip . The installation went fine and Django was running smoothly , but during start up , it still showed the version number `` 1.9a1 '' . Just to make sure I uninstalled Django again using pip and confirmed that my d... | Django 1.9a1 __init__.py is visible in eclipse/PyDev even though it should be deleted ( Windows ) |
Python : I can not get two coroutines to execute in parallel in my Python 3.6 program . Here is an example : As you can see , the first coroutine gets executed first but the second does not run concurrently.Can you please give me a hint as to how to run them both simultaneously ? Thanks kindly in advance for your help ... | How to execute 2 coroutines in Python 3.6 |
Python : I am looking for a python library / algorithm / paper to extract a list of groceries out of free text.For example : `` One salad and two beers '' Should be converted to : <code> { 'salad':1 , 'beer ' : 2 } | Extract grocery list out of free text |
Python : After an hour search , I have found no answer . My Mac came with Python 2.7 , but I have decided to upgrade to python 3.4 . I installed python 3.4 from python.org.I can now use python 3.4 from terminal . Pip still tries to download python 2.7 packages - numpy for 2.7 is `` up to date '' . When I try to -- upgr... | How can I let pip know that I am interested in packages for python 3.4 ? |
Python : I 'm new to Python and there 's something that 's been bothering me for quite some time . I read in `` Learning Python '' by Mark Lutz that when we use a from statement to import a name present in a module , it first imports the module , then assigns a new name to it ( i.e . the name of the function , class , ... | Some confusion regarding imports in Python |
Python : In python I have the following : this is a structure to represent a graph and that I find nice because its structure is the same as the one of one of it 's nodes so I can use it directly to initiate a search ( as in depth-first ) . The printed version of it is : And it can be used like : Now , I 'm curious to ... | Creating in c # , c++ and java a strong typed version of a python weak typed structure |
Python : Starting with this sample data ... Starting point : Goal output : I am trying to tie all active nid 's to the associated person_id This will then be joined to another dataframe based on the latest date less than a dated activity column . And finally this will be part of the input into a predictive model.Doing ... | Effective-Date-Range One-Hot-Encode groupby |
Python : I 'm trying to parse rows from a HTML table with cells containing specific values with regular expressions in Python . My aim in this ( contrived ) example is to get the rows with `` cow '' . My output is < tr class= '' someClass '' > < td > < /td > < td > chicken < /td > < /tr > < tr class= '' someClass '' > ... | Complex non-greedy matching with regular expressions |
Python : I want to have this structure for my project : The application is run from project/project.py . However , I constantly get import errors when using relative or absolute imports.Both engines need to import from project.core.base , the utils need to import from project.core.base as well , and project.py ( the ma... | Python imports structure |
Python : My program generates the following list ( excerpt ) : It is already sorted by the value of the ' x'-key . I am trying to write a method , that returns a tuple of two elements of this list for a given coordinate ( xPos , yPos ) : The nearest element to the left ( x < = xPos ) The nearest element to the right ( ... | Get closest element from list of dictionaries |
Python : I 'm creating a gauge using matplotlib pie as the foundation : Now the problem is my gauge arrow ( in red ) seems to get cut off at the top if it is sitting between 2 and 4 . Almost as if there is an imaginary line between the left corner of the 2 wedge and the right corner of the 4 wedge . As you can see with... | Strange pie graph cut off |
Python : In the section on Custom Classes of The Python Language Reference it is stated that : Special attributes : __name__ is the class name ; __module__ is the module name in which the class was defined ; __dict__ is the dictionary containing the class ’ s namespace ; __bases__ is a tuple ( possibly empty or a singl... | Custom classes with empty __bases__ attribute |
Python : I have a python modules written in C , it has a main module and a submodule ( name with a dot , not sure this can be called real submodule ) : The module is compiled as sysipc.so , and when I put it in current directory , following import works without problem : The problem is I want to put this module inside ... | python import path for sub modules if put in namespace package |
Python : When piping printed output from a python script to a command like grep , the output from the script seems to only be piped to the follow-up command after completion of the entire script.For example , in a script test_grep.py like the following : when called with ./test_grep.py | grep message , nothing will app... | Is there any way to have output piped line-by-line from a currently executing python program ? |
Python : Say I have the following DataFrame which has a 0/1 entry depending on whether something happened/did n't happen within a certain month.What I want is to create a 2nd column that lists the # of months until the next occurrence of a 1 . That is , I need : What I 've tried : I have n't gotten far , but I 'm able ... | Pandas : fill one column with count of # of obs between occurrences in a 2nd column |
Python : I need help in the most efficient way to convert the following list into a dictionary : At present , I do the following : However , I believe there should be a more efficient way to achieve the same . Any idea ? <code> l = [ ' A:1 ' , ' B:2 ' , ' C:3 ' , 'D:4 ' ] mydict = { } for e in l : k , v = e.split ( ' :... | Efficient way to convert a list to dictionary |
Python : Suppose we 've got an array of intervals [ ( a1 , b1 ) , ( a2 , b2 ) , ... , ( an , bn ) ] sorted with respect to starting positions and length . We want to unite all intersecting intervals . Here is a small sample data set that contains at least 2 isolated groups of intervals : And a couple of functions we ne... | Rewrite an interval union algorithm functionally |
Python : Suppose I had a class A : And I defined a factory method called factory : Now , If I do print ( type ( A ( 1 , 2 ) ) ) and print ( type ( factory ( 1 , 2 ) ) ) they will show that these are different types . And if I try to do factory ( 1 , 2 ) .sum ( ) I 'll get an exception . But , type ( A ) .__name__ and t... | How to `` fool '' duck typing in Python |
Python : Let 's say we have a complex API function , imported from some library.I want to write a simple wrapper around that function to make a tiny change . For example , it should be possible to pass the first argument as a string . How to document this ? I considered the following options : Option 1 : Disadvantage :... | How to document small changes to complex API functions ? |
Python : I was experimenting in the python shell with the type ( ) operator . I noted that : returns an error which is trouble scanning the stringyet : works fine and responds that a string was found.What is going on ? does it have to do with the fact that type ( `` '' string `` '' ) is interpreted as type ( `` '' `` '... | So what is the story with 4 quotes ? |
Python : How do I sum the values of list to the power of their indices in Python 3 ? Example : The idea is to create a unique index for any possible combination of non-negative numbers in the list . This way , I can use the list to compute an index of something.Edit : while the question has been answered , I just reali... | How to sum the values of list to the power of their indices |
Python : Here is a example of a cyclic reference of Python . after this , Why do a and b have a reference count of 3 ? ? Sorry guys i just took a mistake . the real question is the different one.Why is the reference count of 'GNU ' is 4 ? Thanks in advance : ) <code> > > > a = [ 1 ] > > > b = [ 2 ] > > > a.append ( b )... | In Python , what is the reference count of cyclic reference and why ? |
Python : The excel is like the left picture with 3 columns.When inserting into database , I need to add 2 columns more manually like right picture showed and insert altogether 5 columns in database finally . These 2 additional columns information is fetched from other databases.And another function is if there is alrea... | django1.8- how to append information manually when uploading Excel and inserting into database |
Python : I started learning about multiprocessing in python and I noticed that same code is executed much faster on main process than in process which is created with multiprocessing module.Here is simplified example of my code , where i first execute code on main process and print time for first 10 calculation and tim... | Executing python code in new process is much slower than on main process |
Python : I just discovered that the various itertools functions return class types which are not considered generators by the Python type system.First , the setup : Then : The glob.iglob ( ) result , or any other typical generator , is of type types.GeneratorType . But itertools results are not . This leads to a great ... | Why are Python itertools not classified as generators ( GeneratorType ) ? |
Python : My question is exactly the same as this question . I have the array ( list ) of characters . I would like to get all possible sequence combinations from that list but with the limit of characters ( for example : 2 characters as maximum ) . Further , no single character can be repeated in a permutation line : I... | Python : Produce all possible sequence combination from a list with character limit |
Python : I 'm trying to serialise Python functions ( code + closures ) , and reinstate them later on . I 'm using the code at the bottom of this post.This is very flexible code . It allows the serialisation and deserialisation of inner functions , and functions that are closures , such as those that need their context ... | Can I restore a function whose closure contains cycles in Python ? |
Python : I have some strings in a text file that I want to process . I tried many regex patterns but none of them are working for me.I need the following string combinations : <code> someone can tell/figurea/the squeaky wheel gets the grease/oilaccounts for ( someone or something ) that's/there 's ( something/someone )... | How to split string at specific character and build different string combinations |
Python : I 've a dataframe with list of items separated by , commas as below.Also I 've 3 list of arrays which has all items said above clubbed into specific groups as belowX = [ X1 , X2 , X3 , X4 , X5 ] Y = [ Y1 , Y2 , Y3 , Y4 , Y5 ] Z = [ Z1 , Z2 , Z3 , Z4 , Z5 ] my task is to split the each value in the dataframe & ... | Looping through multiple arrays & concatenating values in pandas |
Python : I am not able to figure out what is happening here . Appending reference to range function is kind of creating a recursive list at index 3 . Whereas , when I try this : I can easily deduce the reason for the second case but not able to understand what appending reference to range function is doing to the list ... | What range function does to a Python list ? |
Python : I was trying to do this in Python 3.5.2 : but got the unexpected result : 20422138979591827456It 's working fine in Python 2.7.12 , result is : 20422138979591829126LAny idea why Python 3 gave me the wrong result ? <code> int ( 204221389795918291262976/10000 ) | Strange error in python3 when doing big int calculation |
Python : I 'm working on Windows . I 've a Python file to create a new CSV file and I view that using notepad ( even through Ms Excel ) .The resulted file in notepad : My doubt here is whether the carriage return \r works or not ? ? ? It works like lineterminator= '' in notepad . But in excel , it works like '\n'The ou... | '\r ' not working as ` lineterminator ` within Python ` csv.writer ( ) ` |
Python : I have two numpy arrays : One array x with shape ( n , a0 , a1 , ... ) and one array k with shape ( n , b0 , b1 , ... ) . I would like to compute and array of exponentials such that the output has dimension ( a0 , a1 , ... , b0 , b1 , ... ) and If there is only one a_i and one b_j , broadcasting does the trick... | Compute x**k with x , k being arrays of arbitrary dimensionality |
Python : I would like to compare elements in a dictionary to one another , and remove items according to some comparison criteria . And I 'd love it to be efficient . I have a function that can do this , but it repeatedly copies the dictionay . Surely there is a superior way : <code> mydict = { 1:5,2:7,3:9,4:9,7:7,8:0,... | Compare a dict to itself and remove similar keys efficiently |
Python : I need to iterate a tree/graph and produce a certain output but following some rules : The expected output should be ( order irrelevant ) : The rules are : The top of the tree 'bde ' ( leftmost_root_children+root+rightmost_root_children ) should always be presentThe left-right order should be preserved so for ... | How to iterate this tree/graph |
Python : I 'm currently trying to make a sort of `` word mixer '' : for two given words and the desired length specified , the program should return the `` mix '' of the two words . However , it can be any sort of mix : it can be the first half of the first word combined with the second half of the second word , it can... | Contract words in python with set length |
Python : Recently I 've been doing things like this : as opposed to something like this : The question is n't specific to Tkinter , but it 's a good example . The function f is only used as the callback for the button , so I 've chosen to define it inside __init__ . That way , only code inside __init__ even knows about... | Code style - 'hiding ' functions inside other functions |
Python : Let 's say I have a list of values , I also have a pandas dataframe of the form , df : The rows are a subset of all pairwise combinations in lst . Note that every combination appears at most once.What I want is a new dataframe where the remaining combinations are filled in with a value of 0.For example , new_d... | How to efficiently fill an incomplete pandas dataframe consisting of pairwise combinations of values in a list ? |
Python : I 'm working with a query that looks like so : Given the filters Q query , can I pop one of the queries ? I 'd like to remove the Q ( mailbagstats__num_letters2__gt= int ( cut ) ) query from this Q query for a new filter down the line.Normally , I use lists and reduce but this one is constructed via Q ( ) & Q ... | Popping a query from django Q query ? |
Python : In PEP 366 - Main module explicit relative imports which introduced the module-scope variable __package__ to allow explicit relative imports in submodules , there is the following excerpt : When the main module is specified by its filename , then the__package__ attribute will be set to None . To allow relative... | What is the correct boilerplate for explicit relative imports in Python ? |
Python : I 've encountered two versions of code that both can accomplish the same task with a little difference in the code itself : andMy question is , is the file object f a list by default just like data ? If not , why does the first chunk of code work ? Which version is the better practice ? <code> with open ( `` f... | Is an object file a list by default ? |
Python : I feel like Python ought to have a built-in to do this . Take a list of items and turn them into a dictionary mapping keys to a list of items with that key in common.It 's easy enough to do : But this is frequent enough of a use case that a built-in function would be nice . I could implement it myself , as suc... | Grouping items by a key ? |
Python : I 'm new to tensorflow 2.0 , and have n't done much except designing and training some artificial neural networks from boilerplate code . I 'm trying to solve an exercise for newcomers into the new tensorflow . I created some code , but it does n't work . Below is the problem definition : Assuming we have tens... | Increasing each element of a tensor by the predecessor in Tensorflow 2.0 |
Python : I have a dataframe : On 'col2 ' I want to keep only the first 1 from the top and replace every 1 below the first one with a 0 , such that the output is : Thank you very much . <code> col1 col2 a 0 b 1 c 1 d 0 c 1 d 0 col1 col2 a 0 b 1 c 0 d 0 c 0 d 0 | Pandas dataframe : Remove secondary upcoming same value |
Python : With a data like this one ( but with 40e3 columns ) I look for a vectorized way to put the boolean and in a result Series : For now I only get an ugly solution with a for loop : :with the B.M . answer I get thisWe can probably avoid this new for loop . <code> import pandas as pdtcd = pd.DataFrame ( { ' a ' : {... | Vectorized `` and '' for pandas columns |
Python : I have the following string interpolation : It obviously fails because format is literally trying to access the object test1 and its attribute 1 . Is there a way to format this string and force the key values to be taken as strings ? ( Looking for a Python 2 and 3 solution . ) <code> > > > a = { 'test1.1 ' : 5... | Forcing dict keys to be used as argument specifiers with str.format |
Python : I am trying to group based on their sequence relationship beween the two columns . I am expecting the result something below : To make it more clear : - df1 and df2 have a relationship based on their sequence . For example , 10 has a direct relation with 20 and 10 has an indirect relation with 30 through 20 . ... | How do I group dataframe columns based on their sequence relation |
Python : I had a bug that I reduced down to this : Which outputs this : What 's going on here ? <code> a = [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] print ( `` Before '' , a ) '' `` .join ( a ) print ( `` After '' , a ) runfile ( ' C : /program.py ' , wdir=r ' C : / ' ) Before [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] After [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] | Why is the join built-in having no influence on my code ? |
Python : How can I add keys to a dict within a list , if the dict contains a certain key , from values in another list ? I have a list of dicts . Those dicts either contain only one key ( 'review ' ) , or two keys ( 'review ' and 'response ' ) . When the dict contains the key 'response ' , I want to add two keys , with... | Adding keys to dicts within a list , from values in a list |
Python : I 'm confused about the role played by the backend used by matplotlib in determining what formats can be rendered.For example , the documentation says that the 'agg ' backend generates PNG , `` raster graphics '' but if I I can useto generate a PDF , or to produce vector graphics.What role does the backend pla... | What limits does the matplotlib backend place on rendering formats ? |
Python : So I have a tensorflow model in python 3.5 registered with the ML engine and I want to run a batch prediction job using it . My API request body looks like : Then the batch prediction job runs and returns `` Job completed successfully . `` , however , it was completely unsuccessful and consistently threw the f... | ML Engine Batch Prediction running on wrong python version |
Python : I have implemented a method for bulk loading a point quadtree . But for some inputs it does n't work correctly , for example if there are many points that have the same x- or y-coordinate.An example dataset would be : The problem occurs at the points : ( 11,4 ) , ( 11,5 ) , ( 11,15 ) and ( 5,10 ) , ( 5,4 ) .Th... | Bulk loading point quadtree |
Python : I made a mistake in my question here ( wrong requested input and expected output ) : Comparing dicts , updating NOT overwriting valuesI am not looking for this solution : Combining 2 dictionaries with common keySo this question is not a duplicateProblem statement : requested input : expected output ( I do n't ... | Compare dicts and merge them . No overwrite and no duplicate values |
Python : I need to know start and end indexes of matches from next regular expression : Example string is s='GATGDTATGDTAAAA'pat.findall ( s ) returns desired matches [ 'ATGDTATGD ' , 'ATGDTAAAA ' ] . How to extract start and end indexes ? I tried : However , it.end ( ) always coincide with it.start ( ) , because the b... | Get start and stop indexes of overlapping matches ? |
Python : I was wondering if anyone could tell me why my python code for solving quadratic equations is n't working . I have looked through it and have n't found any errors.When a=1 b=-4 and c=-3 I am expecting -1 and 4 but get 5.5 and 0.5 <code> print ( `` This program will solve quadratic equations for you '' ) print ... | incorrect answers for quadratic equations |
Python : Given that , I have a dataframe as below : I wish to have the Maximum and minimum of each row in column B . My favorite output is : What I already tried is the below code which does not work : <code> import pandas as pdimport numpy as npdict = { `` A '' : [ [ 1,2,3,4 ] , [ 3 ] , [ 2,8,4 ] , [ 5,8 ] ] } dt = pd... | How to get maximum and minimum of a list in column ? |
Python : I though this would be straightforward , unfortunately , it is not.I am trying to build a function to take an iterable of dictionaries ( i.e. , a list of unique dictionaries ) and return a list of lists of unique groupings of the dictionaries.If I have x players I would like to form k teams of n size.This ques... | All combinations of set of dictionaries into K N-sized groups |
Python : I have a result like this : And I 'd like to convert it to unique values like this , in sorted order : And I 'm pretty sure there 's something like a one-liner trick in Python ( batteries included ) but I ca n't find one . <code> [ ( 196 , 128 ) , ( 196 , 128 ) , ( 196 , 128 ) , ( 128 , 196 ) , ( 196 , 128 ) ,... | How to transform a pair of values into a sorted unique array ? |
Python : In Python , I have a decorator that has to skip any real work if a function is defined locally in the one that calls it . I made a simple testing script : It prints this : As I see , Python sees that the function is defined in a local space ( < locals > in the printed text ) , but I ca n't see how I can find t... | How to detect if a function has been defined locally ? |
Python : I 'm stumped by this seemingly trivial problem ... I would like to use python to take a string of numbers ( `` 123 '' for example ) and create a list that has all possible expressions where a `` + '' or `` - '' ( or nothing at all ) can be inserted between any numbers.For the example `` 123 '' the list would b... | Taking a string of numbers and inserting + and - operators |
Python : I tried to scrap yellow pages according to its categories . So i load categories from a text file and feed it to the start_urls . The problem i am facing here is saving the output separately for each category . Following is the code i tried to implement : Opening the file in settings.py and making a list to ac... | Making separate output files for every category in scrapy |
Python : I was asked during an interview to implement bisection search to improve search time and I came up with this . I came home and test it but it looks like the linear search is doing way better than my bisection search . Did I do something wrong here ? <code> import timesorted_list = range ( 0 , 10000000 ) needle... | Why my bisection search is slower than linear search in python ? |
Python : I 'm writing a set of test cases for users new to Python . One of the problems I 've noticed with my tests is that its possible to get false positives . They may have gotten lucky and happened to give every element in the correct order , however they really should be using a structure that is ordered.So far th... | How can I tell if a structure in Python has order ? |
Python : I came up with the following code to decorate instance methods using a decorator that requires the instance itself as an argument : This seems to work great , but I fear that I may have overlooked some unintended side effects of this trick . Am I about to shoot myself in the foot , or is this safe ? Note that ... | Python : Anything wrong with dynamically assigning instance methods as instance attributes |
Python : My xml file is encoding thus : I am trying to parse this file using beautiful soup.But this results in packages\bs4__init__.py '' , line 245 , in init markup = markup.read ( ) File `` C : \Users\gregg_000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\encodings\cp125 2.py '' , line 23 , in decode return codecs.cha... | handling encoding error with xml with beautiful soup |
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