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30792432
PMC6385266
pmc
7,344
{ "abstract": "Structural complexity underpins the ecological functioning of coral reefs. However, rising ocean temperatures and associated coral bleaching threaten the structural integrity of these important ecosystems. Despite the increased frequency of coral bleaching events, few studies to date have examined chan...
4,680
34956738
null
s2
7,345
{ "abstract": "The dynamics of small particles, both living such as swimming bacteria and inanimate, such as colloidal spheres, has fascinated scientists for centuries. If one could learn how to control and streamline their chaotic motion, that would open technological opportunities in the transformation of stored or...
511
34135383
PMC8209060
pmc
7,346
{ "abstract": "Current use of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizers is unsustainable because of its high fossil energy requirements and a considerable enrichment of the biosphere with reactive N. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from leguminous crops is the most important renewable primary N source, especially in organi...
6,063
37258699
PMC10232518
pmc
7,347
{ "abstract": "We experimentally investigate the role of illumination on the collective dynamics of a large school (ca. 50 individuals) of Hemigrammus rhodostomus . The structure of the group, defined using two order parameters, is quantified while progressively altering the visual range of the fish through controll...
2,045
36866038
PMC9971824
pmc
7,348
{ "abstract": "Summary Animal search movements are typically assumed to be mostly random walks, although non-random elements may be widespread. We tracked ants ( Temnothorax rugatulus ) in a large empty arena, resulting in almost 5 km of trajectories. We tested for meandering by comparing the turn autocorrelations fo...
4,664
36417558
PMC10100090
pmc
7,350
{ "abstract": "Abstract Waste plastics represent major environmental and economic burdens due to their ubiquity, slow breakdown rates, and inadequacy of current recycling routes. Polyethylenes are particularly problematic, because they lack robust recycling approaches despite being the most abundant plastics in use t...
5,273
37799596
PMC10548237
pmc
7,351
{ "abstract": "Background The ruminant gastrointestinal contains numerous microbiomes that serve a crucial role in sustaining the host’s productivity and health. In recent times, numerous studies have revealed that variations in influencing factors, including the environment, diet, and host, contribute to the shaping...
2,763
39704780
PMC11662053
pmc
7,352
{ "abstract": "Abstract Syngas fermentation to ethanol has reached industrial production. Further improvement of this process would be aided by quantitative understanding of the influence of imposed reaction conditions on the fermentation performance. That requires a reliable model of the microbial kinetics. Data wer...
1,664
22927158
null
s2
7,354
{ "abstract": "Mechanical forces are among important factors that drive cellular function and organization. We present a microfabricated device with on-chip actuation for mechanical testing of single cells. An integrated immersible electrostatic actuator system is demonstrated that applies calibrated forces to cells....
136
38303509
PMC11009365
pmc
7,357
{ "abstract": "Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) facilitated by the interaction between legumes and rhizobia is a well-documented and eco-friendly alternative to chemical nitrogen fertilizers. Host plants obtain fixed nitrogen from rhizobia by providing carbon and mineral nutrients. These mineral nutrients, which are...
4,071
26636956
null
s2
7,358
{ "abstract": "No abstract available" }
5
38792135
PMC11123716
pmc
7,359
{ "abstract": "The hydrolysis and biotransformation of lignocellulose, i.e., biorefinery, can provide human beings with biofuels, bio-based chemicals, and materials, and is an important technology to solve the fossil energy crisis and promote global sustainable development. Biorefinery involves steps such as pretreat...
4,198
36641904
null
s2
7,362
{ "abstract": "Stress response mechanisms can allow bacteria to survive a myriad of challenges, including nutrient changes, antibiotic encounters, and antagonistic interactions with other microbes. Expression of these stress response pathways, in addition to other cell features such as growth rate and metabolic state...
219
38913407
PMC11261841
pmc
7,365
{ "abstract": "Abstract Yeasts have established themselves as prominent microbial cell factories, and the availability of synthetic biology tools has led to breakthroughs in the rapid development of industrial chassis strains. The selection of a suitable microbial host is critical in metabolic engineering application...
2,561
26109501
null
s2
7,366
{ "abstract": "Biohybrid microcylinders are fabricated using electrohydrodynamic cojetting followed by a surface chemistry approach to maximize cell-adhesive characteristics. As proper cell alignment and mechanical stiffness are important components of bioactuator design, spatial cell selectivity and stress/strain pr...
126
30913219
PMC6435185
pmc
7,367
{ "abstract": "Biodiversity loss is driven by interacting factors operating at different spatial scales. Yet, there remains uncertainty as to how fine-scale environmental conditions mediate biological responses to broad-scale stressors. We surveyed intertidal rocky shore kelp beds situated across a local gradient of ...
6,246
35423531
PMC8695597
pmc
7,369
{ "abstract": "Corals are vulnerable to increasing ocean temperatures. It is known that elevated temperatures lead to the breakdown of an essential mutualistic relationship with photosynthetic algae. The molecular mechanisms of this temperature-dependent loss of symbiosis are less well understood. Here, the thermal s...
3,924
39597525
PMC11596547
pmc
7,371
{ "abstract": "Natural vegetation restoration has emerged as an effective and rapid approach for ecological restoration in fragile areas. However, the response of soil microorganisms to natural succession remains unclear. To address this, we utilized high-throughput sequencing methods to assess the dynamics of soil b...
4,696
40213443
PMC11935023
pmc
7,372
{ "abstract": "As the field of wearable electronics continues to expand, the integration of inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials into fabrics has emerged as a promising development due to their excellent TE properties. However, conventional thermal methods for fabricating TE fabrics are unsuitable for wearable app...
6,165
39347544
PMC11542596
pmc
7,373
{ "abstract": "ABSTRACT The ruminant-microorganism symbiosis is unique by providing high-quality food\nfrom fibrous materials but also contributes to the production of one of the\nmost potent greenhouse gases—methane. Mitigating methanogenesis in\nruminants has been a focus of interest in the past decades. One of the...
5,190
27446060
PMC4923064
pmc
7,374
{ "abstract": "Bacteria adopt alternative cell fates during development. In Bacillus subtilis , the transition from planktonic growth to biofilm formation and sporulation is controlled by a complex regulatory circuit, in which the most important event is activation of Spo0A, a transcription factor and a master regul...
4,177
34932877
PMC8719810
pmc
7,375
{ "abstract": "Summary Our epoch is largely characterized by the growing realization and concern about the reality of climate change and environmental deterioration, the surge of global pandemics, the unacceptable inequalities between developed and underdeveloped countries and their unavoidable translation into messy...
282
26759604
PMC4709877
pmc
7,379
{ "abstract": "Background Feedstock recalcitrance is the most important barrier impeding cost-effective production of cellulosic biofuels. Pioneer commercial cellulosic ethanol facilities employ thermochemical pretreatment and addition of fungal cellulase, reflecting the main research emphasis in the field. However,...
2,862
36133208
PMC9473203
pmc
7,380
{ "abstract": "The anti-soiling (AS) performance of highly reflective, superhydrophilic (SPH, 0° water contact angle) coated mirrors was characterized and compared with that of superhydrophobic (SP, >165° water contact angle) coated mirrors. A simple one-step nanotextured silica nanoparticle coating on a mirror exhib...
7,348
21798749
null
s2
7,381
{ "abstract": "Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-cell signaling mechanism that allows bacteria to monitor their population size and alter their behavior at high cell densities. Gram-negative bacteria use N-acylated L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as their primary signals for QS. These signals are susceptible to lactone hydr...
296
38465733
PMC10926176
pmc
7,383
{ "abstract": "Abstract Microbes are powerful upgraders, able to convert simple substrates to nutritional metabolites at rates and yields surpassing those of higher organisms by a factor of 2 to 10. A summary table highlights the superior efficiencies of a whole array of microbes compared to conventionally farmed ani...
862
36846501
PMC9947057
pmc
7,385
{ "abstract": "Abstract Materials science is about understanding the relationship between a material’s structure and its properties—in the sphere of mechanical behavior, this includes elastic modulus, yield strength, and other bulk properties. We show in this issue that, analogously, a material’s surface structure go...
1,606
25884952
PMC4401573
pmc
7,386
{ "abstract": "Microbially enhanced coalbed methane technology must be used to increase the methane content in mining and generate secondary biogenic gas. In this technology, the metabolic processes of methanogenic consortia are the basis for the production of biomethane from some of the organic compounds in coal. Th...
1,679
21689458
PMC3145561
pmc
7,387
{ "abstract": "Background The robustness of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in facilitating industrial-scale production of ethanol extends its utilization as a platform to synthesize other metabolites. Metabolic engineering strategies, typically via pathway overexpression and deletion, continue to play a key role for opti...
4,643
38009763
PMC10832539
pmc
7,388
{ "abstract": "Abstract Single engineered microbial species cannot always conduct complex transformations, while complex, incompletely defined microbial consortia have heretofore been suited to a limited range of tasks. As biodesigners bridge this gap with intentionally designed microbial communities, they will, inte...
2,105
25240674
PMC4191913
pmc
7,391
{ "abstract": "Many natural underwater adhesives harness hierarchically assembled amyloid nanostructures to achieve strong and robust interfacial adhesion under dynamic and turbulent environments. Despite recent advances, our understanding of the molecular design, self-assembly, and structure-function relationship of...
336
34115922
PMC8313247
pmc
7,392
{ "abstract": "Summary There are a need for novel, economical and efficient metal processing technologies to improve critical metal sustainability, particularly for cobalt and nickel which have extensive applications in low‐carbon energy technologies. Fungal metal biorecovery processes show potential in this regard a...
2,992
23770768
PMC3709513
pmc
7,393
{ "abstract": "The limited knowledge we have about red algal genomes comes from the highly specialized extremophiles, Cyanidiophyceae. Here, we describe the first genome sequence from a mesophilic, unicellular red alga, Porphyridium purpureum . The 8,355 predicted genes in P. purpureum , hundreds of which are likel...
852
25699214
PMC4330909
pmc
7,395
{ "abstract": "Empirical studies in salt marshes, arid, and alpine systems support the hypothesis that facilitation between plants is an important ecological process in severe or ‘stressful’ environments. Coastal dunes are both abiotically stressful and frequently disturbed systems. Facilitation has been documented, ...
3,850
37312147
PMC10262425
pmc
7,396
{ "abstract": "Background Characterization of microbial activity is essential to the understanding of the basic biology of microbial communities, as the function of a microbiome is defined by its biochemically active (“viable”) community members. Current sequence-based technologies can rarely differentiate microbial ...
3,809
33369139
PMC8085927
pmc
7,398
{ "abstract": "A 6‐step cascade is distributed among P. taiwanensis and E. coli to synthesize the Nylon‐6 monomer 6‐aminohexanoic acid from cyclohexane under environmentally friendly conditions. The appropriate shuttle compound, avoidance of substrate toxicity, and mass transfer considerations finally enabled 86%...
5,027
26547794
null
s2
7,400
{ "abstract": "The importance of microbial root inhabitants for plant growth and health was recognized as early as 100 years ago. Recent insights reveal a close symbiotic relationship between plants and their associated microorganisms, and high structural and functional diversity within plant microbiomes. Plants prov...
444
32011873
null
s2
7,401
{ "abstract": "Polymer topology dictates dynamic and mechanical properties of materials. For most polymers, topology is a static characteristic. In this article, we present a strategy to chemically trigger dynamic topology changes in polymers in response to a specific chemical stimulus. Starting with a dimerized PEG ...
238
34380615
PMC8357239
pmc
7,402
{ "abstract": "Kinking induced local deformation and rotation can lead to autonomous crack-healing in atomically layered ceramic materials.", "introduction": "INTRODUCTION The lack of materials capable of withstanding extreme environments, more often than not, imposes the greatest technological barrier to the devel...
2,237
28449106
PMC5570177
pmc
7,403
{ "abstract": "Abstract The widespread application of next-generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized microbiome research by enabling high-throughput profiling of the genetic contents of microbial communities. How to analyze the resulting large complex datasets remains a key challenge in current microbiome...
2,705
35056571
PMC8781833
pmc
7,405
{ "abstract": "Eukaryotic organelles supposedly evolved from their bacterial ancestors because of their benefits to host cells. However, organelles are quite often retained, even when the beneficial metabolic pathway is lost, due to something other than the original beneficial function. The organellar function essent...
1,010
37687393
PMC10490184
pmc
7,406
{ "abstract": "Soil contamination with cadmium (Cd) is a severe concern for the developing world due to its non-biodegradability and significant potential to damage the ecosystem and associated services. Industries such as mining, manufacturing, building, etc., rapidly produce a substantial amount of Cd, posing envir...
2,695
24047255
null
s2
7,407
{ "abstract": "Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication system responsible for a variety of bacterial phenotypes including virulence and biofilm formation. QS is mediated by small molecules, autoinducers (AIs), including AI-2 that is secreted by both Gram-positive and -negative microbes. LsrR is a key tran...
408
39910851
PMC11799749
pmc
7,409
{ "abstract": "SUMMARY There is a need for ground‐breaking technologies to boost crop yield, both grains and biomass, and their processing into economically competitive materials. Novel cereals with enhanced photosynthesis and assimilation of greenhouse gasses, such as carbon dioxide and ozone, and tailored straw sui...
2,261
40309222
PMC12041475
pmc
7,411
{ "abstract": "Abstract Aerobic ammonia oxidation is crucial to the nitrogen cycle and is only known to be performed by a small number of bacterial lineages [ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)] and a single lineage of archaea belonging to the Nitrososphaeria class of Thermoproteota [ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA)]...
2,220
38250293
PMC10797516
pmc
7,412
{ "abstract": "Plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) are considerably diverse compounds with multifaceted roles in the adaptation of plants to various abiotic and biotic stresses. PSMs are frequently secreted into the rhizosphere, a small region around the roots, where they facilitate interactions between plants and s...
2,907
38326309
PMC10850122
pmc
7,413
{ "abstract": "Microbes are increasingly employed as cell factories to produce biomolecules. This often involves the expression of complex heterologous biosynthesis pathways in host strains. Achieving maximal product yields and avoiding build-up of (toxic) intermediates requires balanced expression of every pathway g...
3,792
22253602
PMC3257284
pmc
7,415
{ "abstract": "Adaptation to novel environments is often associated with changes in gene regulation. Nevertheless, few studies have been able both to identify the genetic basis of changes in regulation and to demonstrate why these changes are beneficial. To this end, we have focused on understanding both how and why ...
4,853
34855411
null
s2
7,416
{ "abstract": "Ocean microbial communities are important contributors to the global biogeochemical reactions that sustain life on Earth. The factors controlling these communities are being increasingly explored using metatranscriptomic and metaproteomic environmental biomarkers. Using published proteomes and transcri...
89
25247208
PMC4163452
pmc
7,417
{ "abstract": "Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex biopolymer that is primary composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The presence of cellulose in biomass is able to depolymerise into nanodimension biomaterial, with exceptional mechanical properties for biocomposites, pharmaceutical carriers, and electroni...
1,702
29793752
null
s2
7,418
{ "abstract": "Certain bacteria can coordinate group behaviors via a chemical communication system known as quorum sensing (QS). Gram-negative bacteria typically use N-acyl l-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals and their cognate intracellular LuxR-type receptors for QS. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...
323
24957641
PMC3901219
pmc
7,420
{ "abstract": "Formation and adaptation of metabolic networks has been a long-standing question in biology. With recent developments in biotechnology and bioinformatics, the understanding of metabolism is progressively becoming clearer from a network perspective. This review introduces the comprehensive metabolic wor...
1,998
35701391
PMC9198039
pmc
7,422
{ "abstract": "There is a growing trend to design hybrid neural networks (HNNs) by combining spiking neural networks and artificial neural networks to leverage the strengths of both. Here, we propose a framework for general design and computation of HNNs by introducing hybrid units (HUs) as a linkage interface. The f...
1,822
32345736
PMC7190382
pmc
7,424
{ "abstract": "As the major facilitators of the turnover of organic matter in the marine environment, the ability of heterotrophic bacteria to acquire specific compounds within the diverse range of dissolved organic matter will affect the regeneration of essential nutrients such as iron and carbon. TonB-dependent tra...
4,484
32849330
PMC7418181
pmc
7,425
{ "abstract": "The rhizosphere hosts a complex web of prokaryotes interacting with one another that may modulate crucial functions related to plant growth and health. Identifying the key factors structuring the prokaryotic community of the plant rhizosphere is a necessary step toward the enhancement of plant producti...
5,078
35875522
PMC9301000
pmc
7,426
{ "abstract": "The recalcitrance of biofilms to antimicrobials is a multi-factorial phenomenon, including genetic, physical, and physiological changes. Individually, they often cannot account for biofilm recalcitrance. However, their combination can increase the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics needed ...
3,751
36534468
PMC9788563
pmc
7,430
{ "abstract": "Purple phototrophic bacteria use a ‘photosystem’ consisting of light harvesting complex 1 (LH1) surrounding the reaction centre (RC) that absorbs far-red–near-infrared light and converts it to chemical energy. Blastochloris species, which harvest light >1000 nm, use bacteriochlorophyll b rather tha...
4,764
40216764
PMC11992226
pmc
7,431
{ "abstract": "Benzamides constitute an important class of bulk and fine chemicals as well as essential parts of many life science molecules. Currently, all these compounds are majorly produced from petrochemical-based feedstocks. Notably the selective aerobic oxidative conversion of lignin and lignin-derived compoun...
2,022
35222085
PMC8867213
pmc
7,432
{ "abstract": "The cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis is a mutualistic intracellular association based on the photosynthetic activity of the endosymbiont. This relationship involves significant constraints and requires co-evolution processes, such as an extensive capacity of the holobiont to counteract pro-oxidative ...
5,000
24031461
PMC3768596
pmc
7,433
{ "abstract": "Influence of iron-depletion on twitching motility and quorum sensing (QS) system in P. aeruginosa was evaluated. The results demonstrated iron-depletion can retard biofilm formation and increase the twitching motility and expression of QS-related genes, suggesting a potential interaction between twit...
92
34650235
PMC8879416
pmc
7,434
{ "abstract": "Synthetic biology enables microbial hosts to produce complex molecules that are otherwise produced by organisms that are rare or difficult to cultivate, but the structures of these molecules are limited to those formed by chemical reactions catalyzed by natural enzymes. The integration of artificial me...
4,546
34616952
PMC8489177
pmc
7,435
{ "abstract": "Abstract Ants show collective and individual behavioral flexibility in their response to immediate context, choosing for example between different foraging strategies. In Pachycondyla striata , workers can forage solitarily or recruit and guide nestmates to larger food sources through tandem running. ...
4,257
35727978
PMC9245662
pmc
7,436
{ "abstract": "Significance Natural selection enriches a population with the best-adapted phenotypes. But collective behaviors can also shape a population’s phenotype composition, even without selection. We study this in the context of collective migration of bacteria, in which the spatial arrangement of individuals ...
1,895
23239051
null
s2
7,439
{ "abstract": "No abstract available" }
5
33951861
null
s2
7,440
{ "abstract": "Acid mine drainage-affected environments are interesting microbial niches for the isolation of metal-resistant microorganisms. In this sense, the aim of the present work is to isolate and characterize metal-resistant microorganisms from sediments of an abandoned gold mine located in San Luis (Argentina...
162
39825415
PMC11748598
pmc
7,441
{ "abstract": "Biochips are widely applied to manipulate the geometrical morphology of stem cells in recent years. Patterned antenna-like pseudopodia are also probed to explore the influence of pseudopodia formation on gene delivery and expression on biochips. However, how the antenna-like pseudopodia affect gene tra...
8,792
34584038
PMC9628787
pmc
7,443
{ "abstract": "Scenedesmus obliquus ABC-009 is a microalgal strain that accumulates large amounts of lutein, particularly when subjected to growth-limiting conditions. Here, the performance of this strain was evaluated for the simultaneous production of lutein and biofuels under three different modes of cultivation ...
4,250
25520953
PMC4253960
pmc
7,445
{ "abstract": "The primary focus in the network-centric analysis of cellular metabolism by systems biology approaches is to identify the active metabolic network for the condition of interest. Two major approaches are available for the discovery of the condition-specific metabolic networks. One approach starts from g...
1,211
35530221
PMC9072136
pmc
7,446
{ "abstract": "The aim of this study was to investigate hydrogen production enhanced by methanogenesis inhibition in the single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under alkaline conditions. With 50 mM bicarbonate buffer and 1 g L −1 acetate, the MEC was tested at pH = 8.5, 9.5, 10.5, and 11.2, respectively, w...
3,735
35425567
PMC8982057
pmc
7,448
{ "abstract": "Rich iridescent structural colors in nature, such as peacock feathers, butterfly wings, beetle scales, and mollusc nacre, have attracted extensive attention for a long time and they generally result from the interaction between light and periodic structures. However, non-iridescent structural colors, s...
2,027
35744293
PMC9229385
pmc
7,451
{ "abstract": "In this study, ball mill pretreated iron ore tailings were modified with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) to obtain iron ore tailings/polysiloxane (IOT/POS) superhydrophobic powders, which were subsequently mixed with chloroprene rubber solution (CRS) to prepare durable su...
4,824
31749767
PMC6843077
pmc
7,453
{ "abstract": "A constitutive, host-specific symbiosis exists between the aboveground fungal endophyte Epichloë coenophiala (Morgan-Jones & W. Gams) and the cool-season grass tall fescue ( Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.), which is a common forage grass in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and temp...
7,990
32845442
PMC7450020
pmc
7,454
{ "abstract": "A polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB- co -3HV)], was biosynthesized from biphenyl as the sole carbon source using Alcaligenes (currently Achromobacter ) denitrificans A41. This strain is capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ...
2,715
36185017
PMC9608157
pmc
7,455
{ "abstract": "Abstract Nutrient stimulation is considered effective for improving biogenic coalbed methane production potential. However, our knowledge of the microbial assembly process for profuse and rare microbial communities in coals under nutrient stimulation is still limited. This study collected 16S rRNA gene...
4,061
26295944
PMC4546601
pmc
7,456
{ "abstract": "Lignocellosic ethanol production is now at a stage where commercial or semi-commercial plants are coming online and, provided cost effective production can be achieved, lignocellulosic ethanol will become an important part of the world bio economy. However, challenges are still to be overcome throughou...
3,496
22457751
PMC3310061
pmc
7,458
{ "abstract": "Animal groups can show consistent behaviors or personalities just like solitary animals. We studied the collective behavior of Temnothorax nylanderi ant colonies, including consistency in behavior and correlations between different behavioral traits. We focused on four collective behaviors (aggressio...
4,545
36894632
PMC10066037
pmc
7,460
{ "abstract": "Members of the bacterial genus Sulfurimonas (phylum Campylobacterota) dominate microbial communities in marine redoxclines and are important for sulfur and nitrogen cycling. Here we used metagenomics and metabolic analyses to characterize a Sulfurimonas from the Gakkel Ridge in the Central Arctic O...
1,607
26656113
PMC4676022
pmc
7,461
{ "abstract": "Inspired by the dendritic integration and spiking operation of a biological neuron, flexible oxide-based neuromorphic transistors with multiple input gates are fabricated on flexible plastic substrates for pH sensor applications. When such device is operated in a quasi-static dual-gate synergic sensing...
211
38137995
PMC10745984
pmc
7,462
{ "abstract": "As one of the environmental factors that seriously affect plant growth and crop production, drought requires an efficient but environmentally neutral approach to mitigate its harm to plants. Soil microbiomes can interact with plants and soil to improve the adverse effects of drought. Medicago ruthenic...
4,838
37050296
PMC10097333
pmc
7,464
{ "abstract": "Superhydrophobic substances were favored in wood protection. Superhydrophobic treatment of wood is of great significance for improving the service life of wood and expanding its application fields, such as improving dimensional stability, durability, UV stability, and reducing wetting. The superhydroph...
1,992
31163164
null
s2
7,466
{ "abstract": "Mitochondria, a nearly ubiquitous feature of eukaryotes, are derived from an ancient symbiosis. Despite billions of years of cooperative coevolution - in what is arguably the most important mutualism in the history of life - the persistence of mitochondrial genomes also creates conditions for genetic c...
426
17264114
PMC1865044
pmc
7,468
{ "abstract": "Macroscopically realizable applications of DNA-based molecular devices require individual molecules to cooperate with each other. However, molecular crowding usually introduces disorder to the system, thus jeopardizing the molecular cooperation and slowing down their functional performance dramatically...
5,367
40127102
PMC11979929
pmc
7,469
{ "abstract": "Summary Hydrogels are prone to dehydration over prolonged use, leading to changes in their properties. Inspired by the human skin’s stratum corneum, we present a protocol for the fabrication and application of a low-water-content polyelectrolyte hydrogel (L-hydrogel) that maintains mechanical and elect...
175
34067748
PMC8155992
pmc
7,470
{ "abstract": "Reciprocating motion is a widely existing form of mechanical motion in the natural environment. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that work in sliding mode are ideal for harnessing large-distance reciprocating motion, and their energy conversion efficiency could be greatly enhanced by adding springs...
5,695
25112424
null
s2
7,471
{ "abstract": "The thioredoxin system, composed of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and thioredoxin (Trx), is widely distributed in nature, where it serves key roles in electron transfer and in the defense against oxidative stress. Although recent evidence reveals Trx homologues are almost universally present among the m...
472
20529914
PMC2881368
pmc
7,472
{ "abstract": "Motivation: The availability of modern sequencing techniques has led to a rapid increase in the amount of reconstructed metabolic networks. Using these models as a platform for the analysis of high throughput transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic data can provide valuable insight into conditional ...
2,672
20057383
null
s2
7,476
{ "abstract": "Network reconstructions are a common denominator in systems biology. Bottom-up metabolic network reconstructions have been developed over the last 10 years. These reconstructions represent structured knowledge bases that abstract pertinent information on the biochemical transformations taking place wit...
288
26818854
PMC5815134
pmc
7,477
{ "abstract": "In Saccharomyces cerevisiae ethanol dissimilation is initiated by its oxidation and activation to cytosolic acetyl-CoA. The associated consumption of ATP strongly limits yields of biomass and acetyl-CoA-derived products. Here, we explore the implementation of an ATP-independent pathway for acetyl-CoA...
4,926
36716369
PMC9963307
pmc
7,478
{ "abstract": "Significance Many engineering applications request soft materials to maintain tough under monotonic loads, and fatigue-resistant under cyclic loads. While fracture toughness of a soft material can be enhanced by orders of magnitude, its fatigue threshold remains insusceptible. Here we demonstrate a cra...
2,426
27408906
null
s2
7,481
{ "abstract": "To many, the poster child for David Marr's famous three levels of scientific inquiry is reinforcement learning-a computational theory of reward optimization, which readily prescribes algorithmic solutions that evidence striking resemblance to signals found in the brain, suggesting a straightforward neu...
131
20529691
null
s2
7,482
{ "abstract": "Cytochrome bd is a terminal quinol:O(2) oxidoreductase of respiratory chains of many bacteria. It contains three hemes, b(558), b(595), and d. The role of heme b(595) remains obscure. A CO photolysis/recombination study of the membranes of Escherichia coli containing either wild type cytochrome bd or i...
510
35496619
PMC9050787
pmc
7,484
{ "abstract": "The development of passively driven microfluidic labs on chips has been increasing over the years. In the passive approach, the microfluids are usually driven and operated without any external actuators, fields, or power sources. Passive microfluidic techniques adopt osmosis, capillary action, surface ...
3,616
33519743
PMC7843935
pmc
7,487
{ "abstract": "Quorum sensing (QS) is a density-dependent communicating mechanism that allows bacteria to regulate a wide range of biogeochemical important processes and could be inhibited by quorum quenching (QQ). Increasing researches have demonstrated that QS can affect the degradation of particulate organic matte...
5,366
34675325
PMC8531344
pmc
7,488
{ "abstract": "The soil microbial community plays a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of bioelements and maintaining healthy soil conditions in agricultural ecosystems. However, how the soil microbial community responds to mitigation measures for continuous cropping obstacles remains largely unknown. Here we ex...
4,800
26016911
PMC4507646
pmc
7,489
{ "abstract": "This paper presents the methodology and challenges experienced in the microfabrication, packaging, and integration of a fixed-fixed folded spring piezoelectric energy harvester. A variety of challenges were overcome in the fabrication of the energy harvesters, such as the diagnosis and rectification of...
2,039
21841845
null
s2
7,491
{ "abstract": "Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) is a new field that lies at the intersection of computational neuroscience, machine learning, and neural network theory (i.e., connectionism). The ideal CCN model should not make any assumptions that are known to contradict the current neuroscience literature ...
253
27415783
PMC4944945
pmc
7,492
{ "abstract": "In nature, numerous mechanisms have evolved by which organisms fabricate biological structures with an impressive array of physical characteristics. Some examples of metazoan biological materials include the highly elastic byssal threads by which bivalves attach themselves to rocks, biomineralized stru...
4,872
28245292
PMC5357065
pmc
7,493
{ "abstract": "RNA editing is a rare post-transcriptional event that provides cells with an additional level of gene expression regulation. It has been implicated in various processes including adaptation, viral defence and RNA interference; however, its potential role as a mechanism in acclimatization has just recen...
2,467
40348765
PMC12065812
pmc
7,494
{ "abstract": "Manipulating floating objects, whether solid or liquid, from microscopic to mesoscopic sizes, is crucial in various microfluidics and microfabrication applications. While capillary menisci naturally self-assemble and transport floating particles, their shapes and sizes are limited by the properties of ...
1,188
23785373
PMC3682122
pmc
7,495
{ "abstract": "An emphasis is made on the diversity of nutrients that rhizosphere bacteria may encounter derived from roots, soil, decaying organic matter, seeds, or the microbial community. This nutrient diversity may be considered analogous to a buffet and is contrasting to the hypothesis of oligotrophy at the rhiz...
1,247