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def cric__lasso(): """ Lasso Regression """ model = sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression(penalty="l1", C=0.002) # we want to explain the raw probability outputs of the trees model.predict = lambda X: model.predict_proba(X)[:,1] return model
def cric__ridge(): """ Ridge Regression """ model = sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression(penalty="l2") # we want to explain the raw probability outputs of the trees model.predict = lambda X: model.predict_proba(X)[:,1] return model
def cric__decision_tree(): """ Decision Tree """ model = sklearn.tree.DecisionTreeClassifier(random_state=0, max_depth=4) # we want to explain the raw probability outputs of the trees model.predict = lambda X: model.predict_proba(X)[:,1] return model
def cric__random_forest(): """ Random Forest """ model = sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier(100, random_state=0) # we want to explain the raw probability outputs of the trees model.predict = lambda X: model.predict_proba(X)[:,1] return model
def cric__gbm(): """ Gradient Boosted Trees """ import xgboost # max_depth and subsample match the params used for the full cric data in the paper # learning_rate was set a bit higher to allow for faster runtimes # n_estimators was chosen based on a train/test split of the data model = xgbo...
def human__decision_tree(): """ Decision Tree """ # build data N = 1000000 M = 3 X = np.zeros((N,M)) X.shape y = np.zeros(N) X[0, 0] = 1 y[0] = 8 X[1, 1] = 1 y[1] = 8 X[2, 0:2] = 1 y[2] = 4 # fit model xor_model = sklearn.tree.DecisionTreeRegressor(max_d...
def summary_plot(shap_values, features=None, feature_names=None, max_display=None, plot_type="dot", color=None, axis_color="#333333", title=None, alpha=1, show=True, sort=True, color_bar=True, auto_size_plot=True, layered_violin_max_num_bins=20, class_names=None): """Create a SHAP ...
def kernel_shap_1000_meanref(model, data): """ Kernel SHAP 1000 mean ref. color = red_blue_circle(0.5) linestyle = solid """ return lambda X: KernelExplainer(model.predict, kmeans(data, 1)).shap_values(X, nsamples=1000, l1_reg=0)
def sampling_shap_1000(model, data): """ IME 1000 color = red_blue_circle(0.5) linestyle = dashed """ return lambda X: SamplingExplainer(model.predict, data).shap_values(X, nsamples=1000)
def tree_shap_independent_200(model, data): """ TreeExplainer (independent) color = red_blue_circle(0) linestyle = dashed """ data_subsample = sklearn.utils.resample(data, replace=False, n_samples=min(200, data.shape[0]), random_state=0) return TreeExplainer(model, data_subsample, feature_depend...
def mean_abs_tree_shap(model, data): """ mean(|TreeExplainer|) color = red_blue_circle(0.25) linestyle = solid """ def f(X): v = TreeExplainer(model).shap_values(X) if isinstance(v, list): return [np.tile(np.abs(sv).mean(0), (X.shape[0], 1)) for sv in v] else: ...
def saabas(model, data): """ Saabas color = red_blue_circle(0) linestyle = dotted """ return lambda X: TreeExplainer(model).shap_values(X, approximate=True)
def lime_tabular_regression_1000(model, data): """ LIME Tabular 1000 """ return lambda X: other.LimeTabularExplainer(model.predict, data, mode="regression").attributions(X, nsamples=1000)
def deep_shap(model, data): """ Deep SHAP (DeepLIFT) """ if isinstance(model, KerasWrap): model = model.model explainer = DeepExplainer(model, kmeans(data, 1).data) def f(X): phi = explainer.shap_values(X) if type(phi) is list and len(phi) == 1: return phi[0] ...
def expected_gradients(model, data): """ Expected Gradients """ if isinstance(model, KerasWrap): model = model.model explainer = GradientExplainer(model, data) def f(X): phi = explainer.shap_values(X) if type(phi) is list and len(phi) == 1: return phi[0] e...
def shap_values(self, X, ranked_outputs=None, output_rank_order='max'): """ Return approximate SHAP values for the model applied to the data given by X. Parameters ---------- X : list, if framework == 'tensorflow': numpy.array, or pandas.DataFrame if framework ==...
def _agent_import_failed(trace): """Returns dummy agent class for if PyTorch etc. is not installed.""" class _AgentImportFailed(Trainer): _name = "AgentImportFailed" _default_config = with_common_config({}) def _setup(self, config): raise ImportError(trace) return _Age...
def run(run_or_experiment, name=None, stop=None, config=None, resources_per_trial=None, num_samples=1, local_dir=None, upload_dir=None, trial_name_creator=None, loggers=None, sync_function=None, checkpoint_freq=0, checkpoint...
def run_experiments(experiments, search_alg=None, scheduler=None, with_server=False, server_port=TuneServer.DEFAULT_PORT, verbose=2, resume=False, queue_trials=False, ...
def _flush(self, close=False): """Flushes remaining output records in the output queues to plasma. None is used as special type of record that is propagated from sources to sink to notify that the end of data in a stream. Attributes: close (bool): A flag denoting whether t...
def get_preprocessor(space): """Returns an appropriate preprocessor class for the given space.""" legacy_patch_shapes(space) obs_shape = space.shape if isinstance(space, gym.spaces.Discrete): preprocessor = OneHotPreprocessor elif obs_shape == ATARI_OBS_SHAPE: preprocessor = Generi...
def legacy_patch_shapes(space): """Assigns shapes to spaces that don't have shapes. This is only needed for older gym versions that don't set shapes properly for Tuple and Discrete spaces. """ if not hasattr(space, "shape"): if isinstance(space, gym.spaces.Discrete): space.shap...
def transform(self, observation): """Downsamples images from (210, 160, 3) by the configured factor.""" self.check_shape(observation) scaled = observation[25:-25, :, :] if self._dim < 84: scaled = cv2.resize(scaled, (84, 84)) # OpenAI: Resize by half, then down to 42x...
def get(self): """Get a new batch from the internal ring buffer. Returns: buf: Data item saved from inqueue. released: True if the item is now removed from the ring buffer. """ if self.ttl[self.idx] <= 0: self.buffers[self.idx] = self.inqueue.get(timeou...
def train(self): """Runs one logical iteration of training. Subclasses should override ``_train()`` instead to return results. This class automatically fills the following fields in the result: `done` (bool): training is terminated. Filled only if not provided. `time_t...
def delete_checkpoint(self, checkpoint_dir): """Removes subdirectory within checkpoint_folder Parameters ---------- checkpoint_dir : path to checkpoint """ if os.path.isfile(checkpoint_dir): shutil.rmtree(os.path.dirname(checkpoint_dir)) else: ...
def save(self, checkpoint_dir=None): """Saves the current model state to a checkpoint. Subclasses should override ``_save()`` instead to save state. This method dumps additional metadata alongside the saved path. Args: checkpoint_dir (str): Optional dir to place the checkpo...
def save_to_object(self): """Saves the current model state to a Python object. It also saves to disk but does not return the checkpoint path. Returns: Object holding checkpoint data. """ tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp("save_to_object", dir=self.logdir) checkpoint...
def restore(self, checkpoint_path): """Restores training state from a given model checkpoint. These checkpoints are returned from calls to save(). Subclasses should override ``_restore()`` instead to restore state. This method restores additional metadata saved with the checkpoint. ...
def restore_from_object(self, obj): """Restores training state from a checkpoint object. These checkpoints are returned from calls to save_to_object(). """ info = pickle.loads(obj) data = info["data"] tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp("restore_from_object", dir=self.logdir) ...
def export_model(self, export_formats, export_dir=None): """Exports model based on export_formats. Subclasses should override _export_model() to actually export model to local directory. Args: export_formats (list): List of formats that should be exported. expor...
def value(self, t): """See Schedule.value""" fraction = min(float(t) / max(1, self.schedule_timesteps), 1.0) return self.initial_p + fraction * (self.final_p - self.initial_p)
def dump_json(json_info, json_file, overwrite=True): """Dump a whole json record into the given file. Overwrite the file if the overwrite flag set. Args: json_info (dict): Information dict to be dumped. json_file (str): File path to be dumped to. overwrite(boolean) """ if o...
def parse_json(json_file): """Parse a whole json record from the given file. Return None if the json file does not exists or exception occurs. Args: json_file (str): File path to be parsed. Returns: A dict of json info. """ if not os.path.exists(json_file): return None...
def parse_multiple_json(json_file, offset=None): """Parse multiple json records from the given file. Seek to the offset as the start point before parsing if offset set. return empty list if the json file does not exists or exception occurs. Args: json_file (str): File path to be parsed. ...
def unicode2str(content): """Convert the unicode element of the content to str recursively.""" if isinstance(content, dict): result = {} for key in content.keys(): result[unicode2str(key)] = unicode2str(content[key]) return result elif isinstance(content, list): r...
def loss(self, xs, ys): """Computes the loss of the network.""" return float( self.sess.run( self.cross_entropy, feed_dict={ self.x: xs, self.y_: ys }))
def grad(self, xs, ys): """Computes the gradients of the network.""" return self.sess.run( self.cross_entropy_grads, feed_dict={ self.x: xs, self.y_: ys })
def build_data(data_path, size, dataset): """Creates the queue and preprocessing operations for the dataset. Args: data_path: Filename for cifar10 data. size: The number of images in the dataset. dataset: The dataset we are using. Returns: queue: A Tensorflow queue for extr...
def build_input(data, batch_size, dataset, train): """Build CIFAR image and labels. Args: data_path: Filename for cifar10 data. batch_size: Input batch size. train: True if we are training and false if we are testing. Returns: images: Batches of images of size [...
def create_or_update(cluster_config_file, min_workers, max_workers, no_restart, restart_only, yes, cluster_name): """Create or update a Ray cluster.""" if restart_only or no_restart: assert restart_only != no_restart, "Cannot set both 'restart_only' " \ "and 'no_restart'...
def teardown(cluster_config_file, yes, workers_only, cluster_name): """Tear down the Ray cluster.""" teardown_cluster(cluster_config_file, yes, workers_only, cluster_name)
def kill_random_node(cluster_config_file, yes, cluster_name): """Kills a random Ray node. For testing purposes only.""" click.echo("Killed node with IP " + kill_node(cluster_config_file, yes, cluster_name))
def submit(cluster_config_file, docker, screen, tmux, stop, start, cluster_name, port_forward, script, script_args): """Uploads and runs a script on the specified cluster. The script is automatically synced to the following location: os.path.join("~", os.path.basename(script)) """ a...
def build_graph(self): """Build a whole graph for the model.""" self.global_step = tf.Variable(0, trainable=False) self._build_model() if self.mode == "train": self._build_train_op() else: # Additional initialization for the test network. self....
def _build_model(self): """Build the core model within the graph.""" with tf.variable_scope("init"): x = self._conv("init_conv", self._images, 3, 3, 16, self._stride_arr(1)) strides = [1, 2, 2] activate_before_residual = [True, False, False] ...
def _build_train_op(self): """Build training specific ops for the graph.""" num_gpus = self.hps.num_gpus if self.hps.num_gpus != 0 else 1 # The learning rate schedule is dependent on the number of gpus. boundaries = [int(20000 * i / np.sqrt(num_gpus)) for i in range(2, 5)] values...
def _batch_norm(self, name, x): """Batch normalization.""" with tf.variable_scope(name): params_shape = [x.get_shape()[-1]] beta = tf.get_variable( "beta", params_shape, tf.float32, initializer=tf.constant_initializ...
def _decay(self): """L2 weight decay loss.""" costs = [] for var in tf.trainable_variables(): if var.op.name.find(r"DW") > 0: costs.append(tf.nn.l2_loss(var)) return tf.multiply(self.hps.weight_decay_rate, tf.add_n(costs))
def _conv(self, name, x, filter_size, in_filters, out_filters, strides): """Convolution.""" with tf.variable_scope(name): n = filter_size * filter_size * out_filters kernel = tf.get_variable( "DW", [filter_size, filter_size, in_filters, out_filters], ...
def _fully_connected(self, x, out_dim): """FullyConnected layer for final output.""" x = tf.reshape(x, [self.hps.batch_size, -1]) w = tf.get_variable( "DW", [x.get_shape()[1], out_dim], initializer=tf.uniform_unit_scaling_initializer(factor=1.0)) b = tf.get_variab...
def _mac(model, obs, h): """Forward pass of the multi-agent controller. Arguments: model: TorchModel class obs: Tensor of shape [B, n_agents, obs_size] h: List of tensors of shape [B, n_agents, h_size] Returns: q_vals: Tensor of shape [B, n_agents, n_actions] h: Ten...
def forward(self, rewards, actions, terminated, mask, obs, action_mask): """Forward pass of the loss. Arguments: rewards: Tensor of shape [B, T-1, n_agents] actions: Tensor of shape [B, T-1, n_agents] terminated: Tensor of shape [B, T-1, n_agents] mask: T...
def _unpack_observation(self, obs_batch): """Unpacks the action mask / tuple obs from agent grouping. Returns: obs (Tensor): flattened obs tensor of shape [B, n_agents, obs_size] mask (Tensor): action mask, if any """ unpacked = _unpack_obs( np.array(...
def get_actor(name): """Get a named actor which was previously created. If the actor doesn't exist, an exception will be raised. Args: name: The name of the named actor. Returns: The ActorHandle object corresponding to the name. """ actor_name = _calculate_key(name) pickle...
def register_actor(name, actor_handle): """Register a named actor under a string key. Args: name: The name of the named actor. actor_handle: The actor object to be associated with this name """ if not isinstance(name, str): raise TypeError("The name argument must be a string.") ...
def check_extraneous(config, schema): """Make sure all items of config are in schema""" if not isinstance(config, dict): raise ValueError("Config {} is not a dictionary".format(config)) for k in config: if k not in schema: raise ValueError("Unexpected config key `{}` not in {}".f...
def validate_config(config, schema=CLUSTER_CONFIG_SCHEMA): """Required Dicts indicate that no extra fields can be introduced.""" if not isinstance(config, dict): raise ValueError("Config {} is not a dictionary".format(config)) check_required(config, schema) check_extraneous(config, schema)
def update(self, **kwargs): """Update the settings according to the keyword arguments. Args: kwargs: The keyword arguments to set corresponding fields. """ for arg in kwargs: if hasattr(self, arg): setattr(self, arg, kwargs[arg]) else:...
def update_if_absent(self, **kwargs): """Update the settings when the target fields are None. Args: kwargs: The keyword arguments to set corresponding fields. """ for arg in kwargs: if hasattr(self, arg): if getattr(self, arg) is None: ...
def compute_actor_handle_id(actor_handle_id, num_forks): """Deterministically compute an actor handle ID. A new actor handle ID is generated when it is forked from another actor handle. The new handle ID is computed as hash(old_handle_id || num_forks). Args: actor_handle_id (common.ObjectID): ...
def compute_actor_handle_id_non_forked(actor_handle_id, current_task_id): """Deterministically compute an actor handle ID in the non-forked case. This code path is used whenever an actor handle is pickled and unpickled (for example, if a remote function closes over an actor handle). Then, whenever the ...
def method(*args, **kwargs): """Annotate an actor method. .. code-block:: python @ray.remote class Foo(object): @ray.method(num_return_vals=2) def bar(self): return 1, 2 f = Foo.remote() _, _ = f.bar.remote() Args: num_retu...
def exit_actor(): """Intentionally exit the current actor. This function is used to disconnect an actor and exit the worker. Raises: Exception: An exception is raised if this is a driver or this worker is not an actor. """ worker = ray.worker.global_worker if worker.mode ==...
def get_checkpoints_for_actor(actor_id): """Get the available checkpoints for the given actor ID, return a list sorted by checkpoint timestamp in descending order. """ checkpoint_info = ray.worker.global_state.actor_checkpoint_info(actor_id) if checkpoint_info is None: return [] checkpoi...
def remote(self, *args, **kwargs): """Create an actor. Args: args: These arguments are forwarded directly to the actor constructor. kwargs: These arguments are forwarded directly to the actor constructor. Returns: A handle to ...
def _remote(self, args=None, kwargs=None, num_cpus=None, num_gpus=None, resources=None): """Create an actor. This method allows more flexibility than the remote method because resource requirements can be specified ...
def _actor_method_call(self, method_name, args=None, kwargs=None, num_return_vals=None): """Method execution stub for an actor handle. This is the function that executes when `actor.metho...
def _serialization_helper(self, ray_forking): """This is defined in order to make pickling work. Args: ray_forking: True if this is being called because Ray is forking the actor handle and false if it is being called by pickling. Returns: A dictionary of...
def _deserialization_helper(self, state, ray_forking): """This is defined in order to make pickling work. Args: state: The serialized state of the actor handle. ray_forking: True if this is being called because Ray is forking the actor handle and false if it is b...
def load_data(self, sess, inputs, state_inputs): """Bulk loads the specified inputs into device memory. The shape of the inputs must conform to the shapes of the input placeholders this optimizer was constructed with. The data is split equally across all the devices. If the data is not...
def optimize(self, sess, batch_index): """Run a single step of SGD. Runs a SGD step over a slice of the preloaded batch with size given by self._loaded_per_device_batch_size and offset given by the batch_index argument. Updates shared model weights based on the averaged per-dev...
def _next_generation(self, sorted_trials): """Generate genes (encodings) for the next generation. Use the top K (_keep_top_ratio) trials of the last generation as candidates to generate the next generation. The action could be selection, crossover and mutation according corresponding ...
def _selection(candidate): """Perform selection action to candidates. For example, new gene = sample_1 + the 5th bit of sample2. Args: candidate: List of candidate genes (encodings). Examples: >>> # Genes that represent 3 parameters >>> gene1 = np.a...
def _crossover(candidate): """Perform crossover action to candidates. For example, new gene = 60% sample_1 + 40% sample_2. Args: candidate: List of candidate genes (encodings). Examples: >>> # Genes that represent 3 parameters >>> gene1 = np.array([...
def _mutation(candidate, rate=0.1): """Perform mutation action to candidates. For example, randomly change 10% of original sample Args: candidate: List of candidate genes (encodings). rate: Percentage of mutation bits Examples: >>> # Genes that repr...
def list_trials(experiment_path, sort, output, filter_op, columns, result_columns): """Lists trials in the directory subtree starting at the given path.""" if columns: columns = columns.split(",") if result_columns: result_columns = result_columns.split(",") commands.list...
def list_experiments(project_path, sort, output, filter_op, columns): """Lists experiments in the directory subtree.""" if columns: columns = columns.split(",") commands.list_experiments(project_path, sort, output, filter_op, columns)
def _train(self, trial): """Start one iteration of training and save remote id.""" assert trial.status == Trial.RUNNING, trial.status remote = trial.runner.train.remote() # Local Mode if isinstance(remote, dict): remote = _LocalWrapper(remote) self._running...
def _start_trial(self, trial, checkpoint=None): """Starts trial and restores last result if trial was paused. Raises: ValueError if restoring from checkpoint fails. """ prior_status = trial.status self.set_status(trial, Trial.RUNNING) trial.runner = self._set...
def _stop_trial(self, trial, error=False, error_msg=None, stop_logger=True): """Stops this trial. Stops this trial, releasing all allocating resources. If stopping the trial fails, the run will be marked as terminated in error, but no exception will be thrown. ...
def start_trial(self, trial, checkpoint=None): """Starts the trial. Will not return resources if trial repeatedly fails on start. Args: trial (Trial): Trial to be started. checkpoint (Checkpoint): A Python object or path storing the state of trial. ...
def stop_trial(self, trial, error=False, error_msg=None, stop_logger=True): """Only returns resources if resources allocated.""" prior_status = trial.status self._stop_trial( trial, error=error, error_msg=error_msg, stop_logger=stop_logger) if prior_status == Trial.RUNNING: ...
def pause_trial(self, trial): """Pauses the trial. If trial is in-flight, preserves return value in separate queue before pausing, which is restored when Trial is resumed. """ trial_future = self._find_item(self._running, trial) if trial_future: self._paused...
def reset_trial(self, trial, new_config, new_experiment_tag): """Tries to invoke `Trainable.reset_config()` to reset trial. Args: trial (Trial): Trial to be reset. new_config (dict): New configuration for Trial trainable. new_experiment_tag (str): New...
def fetch_result(self, trial): """Fetches one result of the running trials. Returns: Result of the most recent trial training run.""" trial_future = self._find_item(self._running, trial) if not trial_future: raise ValueError("Trial was not running.") self...
def has_resources(self, resources): """Returns whether this runner has at least the specified resources. This refreshes the Ray cluster resources if the time since last update has exceeded self._refresh_period. This also assumes that the cluster is not resizing very frequently. ...
def debug_string(self): """Returns a human readable message for printing to the console.""" if self._resources_initialized: status = "Resources requested: {}/{} CPUs, {}/{} GPUs".format( self._committed_resources.cpu, self._avail_resources.cpu, self._committe...
def resource_string(self): """Returns a string describing the total resources available.""" if self._resources_initialized: res_str = "{} CPUs, {} GPUs".format(self._avail_resources.cpu, self._avail_resources.gpu) if self._avail_re...
def save(self, trial, storage=Checkpoint.DISK): """Saves the trial's state to a checkpoint.""" trial._checkpoint.storage = storage trial._checkpoint.last_result = trial.last_result if storage == Checkpoint.MEMORY: trial._checkpoint.value = trial.runner.save_to_object.remote()...
def _checkpoint_and_erase(self, trial): """Checkpoints the model and erases old checkpoints if needed. Parameters ---------- trial : trial to save """ with warn_if_slow("save_to_disk"): trial._checkpoint.value = ray.get(trial.runner.save.remot...
def restore(self, trial, checkpoint=None): """Restores training state from a given model checkpoint. This will also sync the trial results to a new location if restoring on a different node. """ if checkpoint is None or checkpoint.value is None: checkpoint = trial._c...
def export_trial_if_needed(self, trial): """Exports model of this trial based on trial.export_formats. Return: A dict that maps ExportFormats to successfully exported models. """ if trial.export_formats and len(trial.export_formats) > 0: return ray.get( ...
def __generate_actor(self, instance_id, operator, input, output): """Generates an actor that will execute a particular instance of the logical operator Attributes: instance_id (UUID): The id of the instance the actor will execute. operator (Operator): The metadata of the...
def __generate_actors(self, operator, upstream_channels, downstream_channels): """Generates one actor for each instance of the given logical operator. Attributes: operator (Operator): The logical operator metadata. upstream_channels (list): A li...
def _generate_channels(self, operator): """Generates all output data channels (see: DataChannel in communication.py) for all instances of the given logical operator. The function constructs one data channel for each pair of communicating operator instances (instance_1,instance_2...
def execute(self): """Deploys and executes the physical dataflow.""" self._collect_garbage() # Make sure everything is clean # TODO (john): Check if dataflow has any 'logical inconsistencies' # For example, if there is a forward partitioning strategy but # the number of downstre...
def __register(self, operator): """Registers the given logical operator to the environment and connects it to its upstream operator (if any). A call to this function adds a new edge to the logical topology. Attributes: operator (Operator): The metadata of the logical opera...
def set_parallelism(self, num_instances): """Sets the number of instances for the source operator of the stream. Attributes: num_instances (int): The level of parallelism for the source operator of the stream. """ assert (num_instances > 0) self.env._se...
def map(self, map_fn, name="Map"): """Applies a map operator to the stream. Attributes: map_fn (function): The user-defined logic of the map. """ op = Operator( _generate_uuid(), OpType.Map, name, map_fn, num_insta...