| # Annotation Guide — IndoLepAtlas |
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| ## 1. Class Definitions |
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| Each species is its own class. Classes are defined at the **species level** (~1,094 total): |
| - Butterflies: ~967 species (class IDs 0–966) |
| - Plants: ~127 species (class IDs 967–1093) |
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| See `annotations/classes.txt` for the full mapping. |
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| ### Edge Cases |
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| | Scenario | Rule | |
| |----------|------| |
| | Multiple subjects in one image | Annotate all visible subjects with separate bounding boxes | |
| | Subject partially visible | Annotate if >30% of the subject is visible | |
| | Very small subject | Annotate if clearly identifiable as the target species | |
| | Subject occluded by vegetation | Annotate the visible portion | |
| | Image contains both butterfly and plant | Each gets its own bbox with respective species class | |
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| ## 2. Annotation Format |
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| ### YOLO (per image `.txt`) |
| ``` |
| <class_id> <x_center> <y_center> <width> <height> |
| ``` |
| All coordinates are **normalized** (0.0 to 1.0) relative to image dimensions. |
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| ### COCO (`annotations.json`) |
| Standard COCO format with `bbox` in `[x, y, width, height]` pixel coordinates (top-left origin). |
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| ## 3. Annotation Protocol |
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| ### Automated (v1) |
| - **Grounding DINO** zero-shot detection with text prompts |
| - Butterfly prompts: `"butterfly . moth . caterpillar . pupa . chrysalis"` |
| - Plant prompts: `"plant . flower . leaf . tree . shrub"` |
| - Fallback: full image as bounding box if detection fails |
| - Species class assigned from directory structure (not model output) |
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| ### Quality Verification (recommended) |
| - Spot-check 100 random images per dataset |
| - Verify bbox covers the subject adequately |
| - Flag images where detection clearly failed |
| - Re-annotate flagged images manually if needed |
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| ## 4. Metadata Annotation |
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| Per-image metadata is extracted automatically via OCR: |
| - Scientific name, common name, family |
| - Media code (cross-validated against existing records) |
| - Location, date, photographer credit |
| - Sex/life stage (butterflies only) |
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| **Missing fields are stored as empty strings**, not dropped. |
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| ## 5. Tools Used |
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| | Tool | Purpose | |
| |------|---------| |
| | Grounding DINO | Zero-shot object detection for bounding boxes | |
| | pytesseract | OCR for overlay text extraction | |
| | Pillow | Image cropping and processing | |
| | CVAT (optional) | Manual annotation refinement | |
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