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Third. We must invoke God's aid by prayer. No prayer is more suitable
than the prayer given as a preparatory prayer in the Breviary, "_Aperi,
Domine, os meum_ ... Open Thou, O Lord, my mouth to bless Thy holy name;
cleanse my heart from vain, evil and wandering thoughts; enlighten my
understanding, inflame my will, th... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
2. St. Paul recommends us to offer our prayers through Jesus Christ. "By
him, therefore, let us offer the sacrifice of praise always to God, that
is to say, the fruit of lips confessing to His name" (Heb. xiii. 15).
3. The Church wishes this union with Christ and mentions it several
times in her prayers, _Per Dominum ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
We should have also some particular intentions in reading our Hours.
Thus, we may pray to obtain a more lively faith, a greater hope, a more
ardent charity, greater meekness and humility, greater patience,
detachment from the world, greater fraternal charity, help in keeping
vows--in a word, an increase of virtues, es... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Every priest must feel that the church benches, or the sanctuary, with
their silence, their every part awakening and reminding the soul that
this is the house of God, this is the gate of Heaven, are places most
suitable for prayer and are great aids to fervent prayer. The thought of
the presence of Christ with His ado... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Slow, deliberate pronunciation is another aid to the fervent saying of
the Hours of the Breviary. The lives of saintly men show their practice
in this matter. Knowing that they were the ambassadors of the Church in
presenting her praise, thanks and wants to God, they read with care and
attention. From their slow and d... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Sometimes the reading of the Hours is hurried for a motive less
praiseworthy than the motives of study or of priestly work. _Producitur
somnus, producitur mensa, produncuntur confabulationes, lusus, nugae
nugarum; solius supremae Magestratis, cultus summa qua potest celeritate
deproperatur_ (Kugler, _De Spiritu Eccles... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
IV. To prevent distractions and to banish them are no easy matters. It
is impossible to avoid all distractions. Involuntary distractions do not
hinder merit; still it is important that an effort be made to diminish
and repress the quality of such disturbing elements in prayer.
First of all, we can never totally avoid ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The positive means of avoiding and of banishing distractions are given
above; they are to read slowly, to read every word, to read in a
becoming position, to observe choir directions, to give ample time to
each Hour. Another rule given by writers on the pious recitation of the
Office, is to pause at certain places in ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
VI. It is advisable not to dwell on the literary excellence of the
Breviary during the recitation of the Office. It is a useful thing that
priests should recognise the authorship of the psalms recited, their
probable dates, the circumstances of their composition, the sublimity of
their thought, the peculiarity of thei... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
VIII. To remember the presence of God, of our angel guardian, and of the
demons, is a practice recommended by writers on recitation of the Office
in or out of choir. This thought of the presence of God was one of the
aids recommended by St. Benedict to his religious, to aid their devout
fulfilment of the great work of... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In connection with this prayer an interesting question is discussed in
the _Irish Ecclesiastical Record_ (No. 540. December, 1912). Is this
prayer merely a sacramental? Has it an indulgence attached to it at all?
The querist quotes _The new Raccolta_, in answering the second part of
his query but wishes to know if it ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Origin_. The night office of vigils dates from the very earliest days
of Christianity. It derived its name from the vigils or night watches of
the soldiers, who divided the night, from six o'clock in the evening to
six o'clock in the morning, into four watches of three hours each. The
nightly meetings of the Christia... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Matins on account of its length and position in the Breviary is the most
important part of the daily Office. And, on account of the variety and
beauty of its elements, is considered the most remarkable.
The prayer _Pater Noster_ begins the Office. It is the Lord's
prayer, _divina institutions formata_, when Christ tol... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Credo_. The Apostles' Creed is placed at the beginning of Matins,
because Matins is the beginning of the whole Office, and faith is the
beginning, the _principium_ of every supernatural work. St. Paul teaches
us that it is necessary for us to stir up our faith when we approach
God, "For he that cometh to God must bel... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Gloria Patri_. This little prayer indicates the purpose and end of the
recitation of the Office, the glory of the Holy Trinity. "Bring to the
Lord glory and honour; bring to the Lord glory to His name" (Psalm 28).
The many repetitions of this formula in the Church liturgy shows the
great honour which she pays to it, ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"There are the white-robed army of Martyrs, holy Confessors, too, men of
renown in their generation, and Virgins, the Spouses of Christ: there
are those who have come through great tribulation, who once, perchance,
were far from God, but have washed their robes in the blood of the Lamb
and are now numbered among the p... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
But, _where the metre of the hymn_ admits such a change as possible in
the last stanza.
(a) From Christmas to Epiphany _Jesu tibi sit gloria, Qui natus es de
Virgine_ is inserted in all hymns, even on saints' offices.
(b) From Epiphany till end of its octave, _Jesu tibi sit gloria, Qui
apparuisti gentibus_.
(c) From L... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In the new Psalter, the Psalms have been divided into two large
divisions, Psalms I.--CVIII. being assigned to the night Office, Matins;
and Psalms CIX.--CL. for the day Offices, Lauds to Compline. From this
latter division has been made:--
(1) a selection of psalms suitable by their character and meaning to
Lauds (_v... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Dominus in templo sancto suo Dominus in templo sancto suo
Dominus in coelo sedes ejus Dominus in coela sedes ejus:
(v.4). Oculi ejus in pauperem respsiciunt;
palpebrae ejus
interrogant filios hominum
... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The following replies by the Biblical Commission (May, 1910) may not be
deemed out of place:--
I. Whether the appellations, Psalms of David, Hymns of David, Davidical
Psaltery, employed in the old collections and in the Councils themselves
to designate the Book of the one hundred and fifty Psalms of the Old
Testament,... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
ANSWER: In the negative.
VI. Whether it is possible to admit the opinion of those who hold that
among the Psalms of the Psaltery there are some, either of David or of
other authors which on account of liturgical or musical reasons, the
carelessness of amanuenses or other unknown causes, have been divided or
united; an... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Rithmis et sensu verborum consociatum
Psalterium Jesu, sic est opus hoc vocitatum,
Qui legit intente, quocunque dolore prematur,
Sentiet inde bonum, dolor ejus et alleviatur;
Ergo pius legat hoc ejus sub amore libenter,
Cujus ibi Nomen scriptum videt esse frequenter.
_Versicle and respond... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In offices of three and of nine lessons, the lessons are preceded by the
absolutions and blessings as they stand in the ordinarium, except in the
Office for the Dead and Tenebrae Offices when they are not said. The
Absolution is said immediately after the Pater Noster which follows the
versicle and response under the ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Although the ecclesiastical year begins with Advent, the beginnings of
the Bible are not read till March. Hence, we begin the lessons from
Genesis, after Septuagesima Sunday, and not, as we should naturally
expect, at Advent, the beginning of the ecclesiastical year. The order
in which the Scripture lessons are read d... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"Legends, _i.e._, narratives, were based upon documents of the nature
described above, and worked up by later writers, either for the purpose
of edification or from the point of view of the historian. The writings,
however, differ endlessly as to their value, according to the knowledge
and authority possessed by the w... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Rubrics._ The responsories, as a rule, are said after each lesson of
Matins. When the _Te Deum_ is said after the ninth lesson, there are
only eight responsories. At the end of the third, sixth and eighth
lesson the _Gloria Patri_ with a repetition of part of the responsory is
said. It is said in the second responsor... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Rubrics_. The Te Deum is always said at the end of Matins, unless in
Matins of Feast of Holy Innocents, of Sundays of Advent, and from
Septuagesima to Palm Sunday, and ferias outside Eastertide (from Low
Sunday to Ascension Day).
_The Structure of the Hymn_. In this wonderful composition, there are
probably two hymns... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
This hymn has a special interest for Irish priests, as the Irish
recensions of it, found in the Bangor Antiphoner (to be seen in the
Library of Trinity College, Dublin) are of the greatest value to
scholars engaged in critical study. They date from the tenth century,
and give Nicetas as the author. The wording in the ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Antiquity_. The Christians, in their night vigils, followed the pious
practices of the Jews, as to prayers at dead of night and at dawn,
Hence, the Hour, Lauds is of great antiquity, coming, perhaps, from
Apostolic times. It is found well established in the very earliest
accounts of Christian liturgy.
The old writers... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Rubrics_. In the paragraphs dealing with the structure of this hour is
given the rule for saying _Pater Noster_ and _Ave_, The Psalms for
Lauds in the new Breviary follow these rules:--
_General Rule_: Psalms of the current day.
_Exception_: Sunday Psalms on the excepted Feasts.
In applying the general rule to Sunday... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Antiquity_. Some authors hold that this usage of reading a brief
extract from Sacred Scripture is of Jewish origin. For, the Jews were
accustomed to interpose brief readings from Scripture prose in their
psalm chanting service. The _capitulum_ is found in Christian services
of the fourth century; and St. Ambrose (340... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"If, according to the new distribution of the Psalter, the Psalms for
Lauds do not refer so directly to the symbolism of sunrise, they are
nevertheless more varied and are generally well chosen. The canticles
inserted among the Psalms have also been changed. The whole selection is
worthy of note. It contains, besides ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"The second part of the canticle (verses 76-80, 'Et tu puer ... ad
dirigendos pedes nostros') is an address by Zachary to his own son, who
was to take an important part in the scheme of the powerful salvation
and deliverance by the Messiah. This canticle is known as the canticle
of joyous hope, hence its use at funera... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In the Masses for Holy Week we see the collects in their oldest existing
form. The rite of the Mass has been shortened at all other seasons, and
there remains now only the greeting, _Oremus_, and the collect itself.
The _Oremus_ did not refer immediately to the collect, but rather to the
silent prayer that went before... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Rubrics_. In Vespers and Lauds the collect is said after the antiphons
of the _Magnificat_ and _Benedictus_, unless the _Preces_ (q.v.) are to
be said in these hours. Then the _Preces_ are said after the antiphons,
and the collects follow after them immediately. The collect of a ferial
Office is found in Office of th... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The following lines, giving the rules for terminations, are well known
and are useful, as a help to the memory:--
_Per Dominum_ dicas, si Patrem quilibet oras
Si Christum memores, _Per eundem_, dicere debes
Si loqueris Christo, _Qui vivis_ scire memento;
_Qui tecum_, si sit collectae finisin ipso
... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The words _Et cum spiritu tuo_ add a new and further significance to the
salutation; for it is the spirit, the human soul, that prays, and when
the spirit prays in the name of the Church for her children, its work
is a work of high spiritual order, demanding the use of all the
soul's powers,
_Oremus._ This exhortation... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The conclusions of the prayers generally contain the words _Per Dominum
nostrum Jesum Christum_, because all graces come through Jesus Christ,
our Lord and Saviour, Who pleads, as Mediator between God and Man, as He
Himself has said, "No man cometh to the Father but by Me" (St.
John, xiv. 6).
Hence, in every collect, ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The question is often asked, why _Dominus vobiscum_ is said after the
collect, or prayer. Writers on liturgy reply that it is so placed
because Christ frequently used the salutation _Pax vobis_, and the
priest in public prayer holds the place of Christ, and as he, the
priest, used this formula of salvation before the ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Benedicamus_ is the prayer to thank God for all His graces.
_Fidelium animae_. This prayer is said after every Hour, unless where
the hour is said in choir and followed immediately by Mass. It Is
omitted, too, before the Litany.
De Precibus (Title XXXIV.). These are prayers which are said at some of
canonical Hours, ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
2. At Prime (i) Preces Dominicales are said in all semi-doubles,
simples, Ferial Offices.
(i) They are said at Little Hours if said at Lauds.
(ii) At Prime, Preces Feriales are said if they have been said at Lauds.
3. At Vespers Preces Feriales are said (1) on ferias of Advent and Lent
when office is of feria.
4. At C... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Contents_. Originally the matter for Prime was drawn from Lauds and was
a repetition of part of Lauds. Prime consists of two parts. The first
part consists of hymn, psalms, little chapter and collect. The prayers
and confiteor inserted before the collect and said on certain days are
adjuncts. The second part contains... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_The Athanasian Creed_. In the Roman Breviary prior to the reform of
1911, the title given to the formula of faith was Symbolum S. Athanasi.
In the new Breviaries the title stands Symbolum Athanasianum. Why was
the change made?
During the past two hundred years the authorship of this formula has
led to great discussio... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
This opinion is only one of several held by Catholic scholars. Dom Morin
holds strongly, and gives very good reasons for his view, that it was
written by Martin of Braga between the years 550 and 580. It was
written, he says, for the people of Galicia in Spain, who had been
recently converted from Arianism (_Journal o... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The Capitulum, the little Responsory, _Christe_, _Fili Dei vivi_ ... is
then said. In this responsory the versicle _Qui sedes ad dexteram
Patris_ is sometimes changed, e.g., in paschal time it is, _Qui
surrexisti a mortuis_.
The manner of reciting this responsory is sometimes not correctly
understood, owing, perhaps, ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The Confiteor was from an early date a prayer said privately as a
preparation for Mass. It is found in several forms; _Confiteor Deo,
beatae Mariae, omnibus sanctis et vobis_ (Sarum Missal), but since the
time of St. Pius V. (1566-1572) our present form alone was followed and
allowed (S. R. C., 13th February, 1666). I... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
On all Sundays and week days it varies according to the season. Thus--
1. From the 14th January until the first Saturday in Lent, from Monday
to Wednesday in Trinity week, from the Friday after the octave of Corpus
Christi until the Saturday before Advent, the short lesson is "Dominus
autem" (II. Thess. iii.),
2. From... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Structure._ It consists of Pater Noster, Ave, Deus in adjutorium,
Gloria Patri ... Sicut erat ... Amen, Alleluia, Hymn, opening words of
the antiphon, the three psalms, antiphon in full, capitulum, response,
Dominus vobiscum, Et cum spiritu tuo, Oremus, collect, Dominus vobiscum,
Et cum spiritu tuo, Benedicamus ... D... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
TEXTS AND INTENTIONS FOR PIOUS RECITATION OF TERCE.
1. "Therefore, Pilate took Jesus and scourged Him."
2. "And the soldiers plaiting a crown of thorns put it on His head; and
they put on Him a purple garment."
3. "And they came to Him and said, 'Hail, King of the Jews,' and they
gave Him blows" (St. John).
4. "Jesus... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
3. To ask God to grant us health and peace of heart, as the hymn for
Sext sings:--
"O God, Who canst not change nor fail,
Guiding the hours as they go by,
Brightening with beam the morning pale,
And burning in the midnight sky,
Quench Thou the fires of hate and strife,
The wasting fe... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
2. That ninth hour was the long-wished-for and long-watched-for hour
when reconciliation between earth and heaven was complete.
3. To beg from God light and grace, especially towards the end of life,
for the day's decline in the afternoon is a figure of the waning of
spiritual and corporal life. The hymn for None expr... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Antiquity_. The Jews honoured God by special and solemn evening
service. Their feasts by God's command began in the evening. "From
evening unto evening you shall celebrate your sabbaths" (Lev. xxiii,
32). And David sang "Evening and morning and at noon I will speak and
declare" (Psalm 54:32). The eariy Christians fai... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The hymns at Vespers date for the most part from the sixth century. They
are of great beauty and have the peculiar characteristic of telling of
the days of creation. Thus St. Gregory's (?) fine hymn, _Lucis Creator
optime_, in Sunday's Vespers, refers to the creation of light; Monday's
hymn, _Immense coeli Creator_, r... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
At the opening words of the _Magnificat_, _Nunc Dimittis_ and
_Benedictus_, it is a practice with many priests to make the sign of the
cross from forehead to breast, as at _Deus in adjutorium_ (_cf._
Ceremoniale Epis. lib. II. i. 14). This custom, where it exists, should
be preserved (S.R.C., April, 1867).
Writers on ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
It is found universally in the ancient liturgies and affords a proof of
the apostolic and universal praise of the Blessed Virgin. Durandus
(thirteenth century) gives some reasons for the assignment of the
Magnificat to Vespers. Because Vespers is the grandest liturgical Hour;
because Mary probably arrived at the house... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In this prayer the names of the Holy Angels and of St. John the Baptist,
if they be titulars, are inserted before the name of St. Joseph. At the
letter N. in the prayer, the name of the titular saint of the particular
church should be inserted; but churches dedicated by the title of a
mystery (e.g., the Ascension) are... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Structure_, The structure of the Hour seems to point to its monastic
origin, "The reader begins, 'Pray, Father, a blessing' (jube, domne
benedicere); the blessing, 'The Lord Almighty grant us a quiet night and
a perfect end. Amen.' 'Noctem quietam....' Then follows a short lesson,
which the Father Abbot gave to his m... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The study of the component parts of this Hour are of great interest.
After the Abbot had given his blessing and begged of God to grant the
two-fold favour of a quiet night and a good death, a monk read from Holy
Scripture, and when a suitable portion was read, or at the end of a
Scripture chapter or theme, the Abbot s... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"Now with the fast departing light,
Maker of all, we ask of Thee
Of Thy great mercy, through the night,
Our guardian and defence to be.
Far off let idle visions fly,
No phantom of the night molest:
Curb Thou our raging enemy,
That we in chaste repose may rest.
Fathe... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Nunc Dimittis_. The canticle _Nunc dimittis_ is the last in historical
sequence of the three great canticles of the New Testament. It was
spoken at the presentation of Christ, by Simeon, "This man was just and
devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel; and the Holy Ghost was in
him. And he had received an answer ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Then one of the anthems of the Blessed Virgin Mary is said. From the
Saturday before Advent until the feast of the Purification, inclusive,
is said the anthem "Alma Redemptoris Mater"; translated by Father
Caswall, it reads:--
"Mother of Christ, hear Thou thy people's cry,
Star of the deep and portal of the... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
From the first Vespers of the feast of the Most Hoiy Trinity to the None
of the Saturday before Advent, the Salve Regina is said. The authorship
was assigned to St. Bernard (1091-1153). But scholars reject this
theory. It is assigned to Petrus de Monsoro (circa 1000) and to
Adehemar, but the claims of both are doubtfu... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
TEXT AND INTENTIONS TO AID THE PIOUS RECITATION OF COMPLINE.
1. "Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit."
2. "It is finished."
3. "For this Thou hast redeemed us, O God of truth."
_General Intentions._ The spread of the faith; the Pope; the Church in
France and in Spain; for the Church in Australia.
_Personal In... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Several authors stated that this period of preparation for the
celebration of Christ's birthday was instituted by Gregory the Great. It
is now traceable to the fourth century in France; in Rome it was of
later date. The Church, as is seen in the Advent Offices in the
Breviary, instituted this part of the liturgical ye... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Lessons_. From the first Sunday of Advent until the first Sunday of
August the lessons of the first and second nocturns are given in the
Breviary in the Proprium de Tempore, after the Psaltery. The lessons of
third nocturn for same period are given after those of second nocturn.
The suffrages are not said in Advent. ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
These antiphons have formed the theme of the oldest Christian poem in
Europe--Cynewulf's "Christ," a work which is the admiration of modern
scholars. They were celebrated with great pomp and joy in monastic life,
the monks carrying their congruous symbolism into their recitation. For,
to the gardener-monk was assigned... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Rubrics_. Christmas is a primary double of the First Class. The third
of the new _Tres Tabellae_ (S.C.R., January, 1912) in the new Breviaries
gives the rules for concurrence of Vespers in the Octave of Christmas.
_Feast of St. Stephen_. The worship of St. Stephen may be said to be as
old as the Church herself, since... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In the antiphons for the Magnificat and the Benedictus it may be noticed
that the three manifestations are given not in the same order. "This day
is the Church united to the Heavenly Spouse, for Christ, in the Jordan,
washes away her sins; the Magi run to the royal nuptials with their
gifts, and the guests of the feas... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
SEPTUAGESIMA.
"During the age of the persecutions it was scarcely possible for
Christians to observe any other festival than Sunday, and so it is not
surprising that the two writers who have occasion to speak of the
institution of the festivals of the Church, mention only Easter and
Pentecost, both of which fall on a... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Septuagesima Sunday comes nine weeks before Easter. It cannot come
before the 18th January, nor after the 22nd February. It is the first
day of a period of mourning and penance, preparatory to the great
penitential period of Lent. On the Saturday preceding Septuagesima two
_alleluias_ are added to the Benedicamus and ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Connection of the Christian Festival with the Jewish_. "The connection
between the Christian and the Jewish feasts is both historical and
ideal--historical because our Lord's death happened on the 15th Nisan,
the first day of the Jewish feast; ideal, because what took place had
been prefigured in the Old Testament by... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
THE ASCENSION.
This day was kept as a festival in very early times, although it is not
mentioned in the lists of Church festivals given by Tertullian (+220),
nor by Origen (185-254). St. Augustine (354-430) (Epist. ad Januarium,
54, c.l.) attributes the institution of this festival to an apostolic
ordinance or the in... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
TRINITY SUNDAY.
The first Sunday after Pentecost, for centuries, was not called Trinity
Sunday. Pope Alexander II. (circa 1073) was questioned about a feast in
honour of the Holy Trinity and he replied that it was not the Roman
custom to set apart any particular day in honour of the Trinity, which
was honoured many t... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
It is to be regretted that even in the new Breviary the lessons for the
second nocturn of this feast are taken from the composition, _Cogitis
me_, falsely attributed to St. Jerome, and rejected by critics, from the
days of Baronius, as spurious (Baudot, _op. cit._, p. 236).
_February. The Purification._ Candlemas. Acc... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_The Annunciation_. Devotion to the Mother of God was continued by the
apostles after the death of her Son. Fervent and widespread devotion is
traceable in the Church's early days, but the organising of our Lady's
feasts was a work of some time and difficulty. A great difficulty was
the fear of blasphemy from pagans, ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The antiphons and hymns of this Office are, it is said, amongst the
most beautiful and sublime prayers of our liturgy.
_The Apparition of St. Michael_. The cultus of the holy angels is of
Jewish origin and existed in the Christian Church from the beginning. In
St. Paul's Epistle to the Colossians (modern _Khonus on th... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Feast of St. Mary Magdalen_. Commentators on Sacred Scripture are not
agreed whether Mary of Magdala was the sister of Lazarus or whether
there were two or three Marys connected with our Lord--Mary the sister
of Lazarus, Mary of Magdala, and Mary the sinner named in St. Luke's
Gospel vii. 27. The Roman liturgy seems ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Feast of the Name of Mary._ This feast owes its origin to the devotion
of the faithful and was first authorised by the Pope in 1513. It was
extended to the universal calendar in 1683, on the occasion of the
deliverance of Vienna from the Turks.
Over the derivation and meaning of the name _Maria_ much scholarship and
... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Feast of All Souls_, "The theological basis for the feast is the
doctrine that the souls, which, on departing from the body are not
perfectly cleansed from venial sins, or have not fully atoned for past
transgressions, are debarred from the Beatific Vision, and that the
faithful on earth can help them by prayers, alm... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Dom Baudot's _The Roman Breviary_ gives in an appendix, pp. 239-252,
"tables showing the date at which each saint was inserted in the Roman
Breviary, the rank given to his festival, and the variations it has
undergone. It is often difficult to give precise dates."
ROGATION DAYS, EMBER DAYS AND LITANIES.
"Litanies wer... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
NOTE A.
THE BREVIARY HYMNS.
Of all the many and varied branches of Christian art, there is none
which offers to the researches of criticism a field so extensive as does
the hymnography of the Roman Breviary. No other source of liturgical
study, if we except the antiphonarium, has received such attention from
studious... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
In the Western Church, St. Hilary of Potiers (370) composed a hymn book
for his church. Its existence is known from the words of St. Jerome. St.
Augustine states that St. Ambrose (340-397), shut up with his people in
the church in Milan by the persecutors, occupied his flock by their
singing of hymns which he himself ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Dom Gueranger explains why Rome, the mother and mistress of all the
churches, did not adopt the practice of hymn chanting in her liturgy for
centuries; why she did not precede or quickly follow the Eastern and
many parts of the Western Church in this matter of liturgical hymns.
"The Church," he says, "did not wish to ... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Truth seems to hold the place of the golden mean between the bitter
critics and the over zealous defenders of our Breviary hymns. The
following propositions, drawn from Father Barnard's _Cours De Liturgie
Romaine_, may be taken as a fair and accurate statement of the views of
scholars, views which may be safely held b... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
_Second Proposition_:-The Breviary hymns have the principal elements of
poetic beauty.
Briefly, these elements are sublimity of thought, beauty of sentiment,
aptness of expression, unction of form. In these matters the Breviary
hymns are not inferior to the classic poetry of paganism, nor to the
much-belauded beauties... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The characteristic mentioned in this proposition, which comes as a
corollary from the three preceding propositions, is one which is clearly
noted in our Breviary hymns. For by their very position in the Breviary,
side by side with the Psalms, Scripture extracts and words of the
Fathers, the Church shows her esteem and... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Urban VIII., Maffeo Barberini, was a poet of no mean rank. Before his
election to the papacy, he was a recognised lover of classical
literature and an adept in following classic themes and classic forms.
Our Breviaries contain some few of his compositions and they show
correctness of form, poetic merit, and piety. The... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
The Jesuits have been censured very bitterly for their work of
correction. Perhaps they merited some censure, but surely they did not
merit the censures heaped on them by hostile critics like Thiers, Henri
Valois, and the Franciscan, Cavalli. They answered their critics
splendidly and triumphantly by the works of Fath... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
One of the most difficult works for a scholar to attempt and to carry
out to his satisfaction is the translation of prose or poetry into
another language. The work of translating the Latin of the Roman
Breviary into English was attempted and completed years ago. The work
was great and creditable, but not renowned as a... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Have we united ourselves to Jesus Christ, Who is the perfect praise of
God, the Father? Have we united ourselves in spirit to the Church, in
whose name we are going to praise God? "In unione orationum ac meritorum
Christi Jesu gratiam ad officium debite persolvendum petat" (St.
Bona. _ibid_.)
Have we begged the Holy G... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"Si orat psalmus, orate; si gemit, gemite; si gratulatur, gaudete; si
timet, timete" (St. Aug. in Ps. 30).
In order to say the Office devoutly, have we said it with love, having
our hearts and souls fully alive to the advantages and the excellence
and the beauties of the Divine Office?
Have we said it with fervour, ab... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
"_Ordinate in substantia, tempore et modo_" (St. Bona. spec., _ibid_.).
5. Have we said our Hours piously, with all the modesty and all the
reverence which so holy an action demands? With becoming attitude, not
lying prone, not crossing our legs; without saluting or speaking to
those passing by?
"In officio curando ma... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
8. Baudot, _The Roman Breviary_ (London. Cath. Truth Society. Price
4s.6d.)
Monsignor Battifol's book is well and favourably known. It is in
English, and has had a large circulation. It received searching and
severe criticism from Dom Baumer, the author of _Geschichte des
Breviers_. Baumer's work (translated into Fren... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
10. Thousands of works on the Psalms have been published. But any priest
or student who studies Steenkiste's work on the Psalms learns nearly all
that is needed to recite his psalms digne, attente ac devote. His work
is a mine of useful, pious, and, in the main, accurate comment on the
inspired text. Breviary students... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
Very many metrical arrangements of the Psalms by non-Catholic authors
exist in English. Most of these metrical efforts are very poor,
unreliable in giving the sense, and awkward and ungainly in poetic
forms. An interesting book is Prothero's _Psalms in Human Life_. The
author was a Protestant, hence his numbering of t... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
(1) _The Day Hours of the Church_.--A translation of the Horae Diurnae,
with the psalms, etc., arranged according to the reform of Pope Pius X.
This is a good book, giving in parallel columns on the same page, Latin
and English translations. It includes the very best hymn translations by
Catholic authors, John Dryden,... | The Divine Office: A Study of the Roman Breviary | Quigley, Edward J. | ['en'] | 46 | {'Catholic Church. Breviary', 'Divine office'} | PG10058 | |||
AUNT JANE'S NIECES
ON VACATION
BY
EDITH VAN DYNE
1912
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I THE HOBO AT CHAZY JUNCTION
II THE INVASION OF MILLVILLE
III THE DAWN OF A GREAT ENTERPRISE
IV THE WAY INTO PRINT
V DIVIDING THE RESPONSIBILITIES
VI MR. SKEELTY OF THE ... | Aunt Jane's Nieces on Vacation | Baum, L. Frank (Lyman Frank) | 1856 | 1919 | ['en'] | 24 | {'Farm life -- Juvenile fiction', 'Uncles -- Juvenile fiction', 'Family -- Juvenile fiction', 'Mystery and detective stories', 'Women authors -- Juvenile fiction', 'Young women -- Social life and customs -- Juvenile fiction', 'Cousins -- Juvenile fiction', 'Newspaper publishing -- Juvenile fiction'} | PG10059 | |
Even tramps were unusual at Chazy Junction. The foothills were sparsely
settled and the inhabitants too humble to be attractive to gentlemen of
the road, while the rocky highways, tortuous and uneven, offered no
invitation to the professional pedestrian.
"You'll hev to move on!" repeated the agent, more sternly.
"I ca... | Aunt Jane's Nieces on Vacation | Baum, L. Frank (Lyman Frank) | 1856 | 1919 | ['en'] | 24 | {'Farm life -- Juvenile fiction', 'Uncles -- Juvenile fiction', 'Family -- Juvenile fiction', 'Mystery and detective stories', 'Women authors -- Juvenile fiction', 'Young women -- Social life and customs -- Juvenile fiction', 'Cousins -- Juvenile fiction', 'Newspaper publishing -- Juvenile fiction'} | PG10059 | |
"Where's Millville?" inquired the man.
"Seven mile back in the hills. The farm ain't nuthin' but cobblestone
an' pine woods, but--"
"How big is Millville?"
"Quite a town. Eleven stores an' houses, 'sides the mill an' a big
settlement buildin' up at Royal, where the new paper mill is jest
started. Royal's four mile up ... | Aunt Jane's Nieces on Vacation | Baum, L. Frank (Lyman Frank) | 1856 | 1919 | ['en'] | 24 | {'Farm life -- Juvenile fiction', 'Uncles -- Juvenile fiction', 'Family -- Juvenile fiction', 'Mystery and detective stories', 'Women authors -- Juvenile fiction', 'Young women -- Social life and customs -- Juvenile fiction', 'Cousins -- Juvenile fiction', 'Newspaper publishing -- Juvenile fiction'} | PG10059 | |
"Folks up yit?" asked Judkins.
"Dressing, seh."
"Goin' ter feed 'em in there?"
"Not dis mohnin'. Dey'll breakfas' at de hotel. Carriage here yit?"
"Not yit. I s'pose ol' Hucks'll drive over for 'em," said the agent.
"Dey's 'spectin' some one, seh. As fer me, I gotta live heah all day,
an' it makes me sick teh think of... | Aunt Jane's Nieces on Vacation | Baum, L. Frank (Lyman Frank) | 1856 | 1919 | ['en'] | 24 | {'Farm life -- Juvenile fiction', 'Uncles -- Juvenile fiction', 'Family -- Juvenile fiction', 'Mystery and detective stories', 'Women authors -- Juvenile fiction', 'Young women -- Social life and customs -- Juvenile fiction', 'Cousins -- Juvenile fiction', 'Newspaper publishing -- Juvenile fiction'} | PG10059 |
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