MedEvalScope
Collection
13 items • Updated
index uint32 | image image | Caption string | Question string | Choice A string | Choice B string | Choice C string | Choice D string | Answer string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 | A slightly altered cell . (c-c‴) A highly altered cell as seen from 4 different angles . Note mitochondria/mitochondrial networks (green), Golgi complexes (red), cell nuclei (light blue) and the cell outline (yellow). | What color is used to label the Golgi complexes in the image? | Green | Red | Light blue | Yellow | B | |
39 | A slightly altered cell . (c-c‴) A highly altered cell as seen from 4 different angles . Note mitochondria/mitochondrial networks (green), Golgi complexes (red), cell nuclei (light blue) and the cell outline (yellow). | Which color represents the cell outline in the image? | Green | Yellow | Light blue | Red | B | |
41 | A slightly altered cell . (c-c‴) A highly altered cell as seen from 4 different angles . Note mitochondria/mitochondrial networks (green), Golgi complexes (red), cell nuclei (light blue) and the cell outline (yellow). | What is labeled in red in the image? | Golgi complexes | Cell nuclei | Lysosomes | Mitochondria/mitochondrial networks | A | |
141 | –f5 CLSM imaging of CF unloading during cassava root development . c –c3 Primary fibrous root . c2 Bright–field microscopy . c3 405nm excitation wave and bright–field microscopy. | What was imaged in the c3 image? | Root development | 405nm excitation wave | Cassava leaves | Unknown | B | |
142 | pathway in the storage root of cassava . a, b Transverse section anatomy of the storage root. | What is shown in the image? | Longitudinal section anatomy of the storage root. | Cross section of the stem. | Transverse section anatomy of the storage root. | Cross section anatomy of the leaf. | C | |
150 | MR of brain (diffusion weighted image) demonstrating multiterritory acute infarct ; b Time of flight MR demonstrating bilateral ICA occlusion ; and c DSA demonstrating anterior circulation supplied by posterior circulation. | What does the DSA image demonstrate? | Acute infarct | Bilateral ICA occlusion | Anterior circulation supplied by posterior circulation | None of the above | C | |
151 | MR of brain (diffusion weighted image) demonstrating multiterritory acute infarct ; b Time of flight MR demonstrating bilateral ICA occlusion ; and c DSA demonstrating anterior circulation supplied by posterior circulation. | What type of imaging was used to demonstrate acute infarct? | Time of flight MR | DSA | Diffusion weighted image | None of the above | C | |
155 | a subtracted image of resting perfusion minus acetazolamide challenge with fusion to the T2 weighted MRI sequences (right). | What type of image is being shown in the caption? | Multiplying image | Dividing image | Adding image | Subtracting image | D | |
156 | a subtracted image of resting perfusion minus acetazolamide challenge with fusion to the T2 weighted MRI sequences (right). | What is fused to the subtracted image? | T1-weighted MRI sequences | CT scan images | T2-weighted MRI sequences | X-ray images. | C | |
158 | a subtracted image of resting perfusion minus acetazolamide challenge with fusion to the T2 weighted MRI sequences (right). | What was the type of subtraction performed on the images? | Acetazolamide minus T2-weighted MRI sequences | Resting perfusion minus T2-weighted MRI sequences | Acetazolamide minus resting perfusion | Resting perfusion minus Acetazolamide plus T2-weighted MRI sequences | B | |
162 | Axial computed tomography images demonstrating an obstructing carcinoma with gross proximal colonic dilatation (b). | What is the condition shown by the image? | Gastritis | Appendicitis | Colonic dilatation due to carcinoma | Intestinal obstruction due to hernia. | C | |
174 | lytic portions of vertebral metastasesMetastatic breast cancer to L4 treated with 3000 cGy in 10 at A) CT simulation scan and. | Which part of the vertebrae were affected by the metastases in this case? | Body portions | Lamina portions | Pedicle portions | Transverse processes portions | A | |
176 | spindle-shaped cells with eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm and prominent dilated blood vessels (20X). | What is the prominent feature seen in the image? | Blue nuclei | Concentric rings | Dilated blood vessels | Centrally located mitochondria | C | |
188 | are the overlap images of
the GFP (green) and chlorophyll (magenta) fluorescence. | What is the subject of the images? | Animal cells | Fungi | Plant cells | Bacteria | C | |
212 | Initial angiography . Initial angiography revealing a severe stenosis from the middle - to - distal part of the right superficial femoral artery. | At which part of the artery is the stenosis located? | At the proximal part | At the distal part | At the middle-to-proximal part | At the middle-to-distal part | D | |
216 | Initial angiography . Initial angiography revealing a severe stenosis from the middle - to - distal part of the right superficial femoral artery. | What is the severity of the stenosis in the initial angiography? | Mild, | Moderate, | Severe, | Complicated | C | |
284 | centred between the masseter muscle and left parotid gland . At follow-up over one year postoperatively, coronal T2 weighted image. | What type of image was used for follow-up one year after the surgery? | Axial CT scan. | Coronal T2 weighted image. | Sagittal MRI. | Ultrasound. | B | |
286 | centred between the masseter muscle and left parotid gland . At follow-up over one year postoperatively, coronal T2 weighted image. | What type of image was used during the follow-up? | axial T1 weighted image | coronal T2 weighted image | sagittal T1 weighted image | axial T2 weighted image | B | |
462 | Drastic changes in the coronary images of a ruptured non-culprit lesion . A Initial coronary images : a coronary angiography, b and c initial NIRS-IVUS images, and d Initial OCT image of the non-culprit lesion . B One-year follow-up coronary images. | What does the image d show? | Coronary angiography of the non-culprit lesion. | NIRS-IVUS image of the culprit lesion. | OCT image of the culprit lesion. | OCT image of the non-culprit lesion. | D | |
487 | The graft was interposed between the suture points of bladder and vagina. | What two structures were sutured? | Liver and lung | Bladder and intestine | Heart and kidney | Lungs and stomach | B | |
568 | . The red, thick arrow ‘M ’ represents the medial approach, the orange-yellow, thick arrow ‘SL ’ represents the superior-lateral approach, and the blue, thick arrow ‘A ’ represents the anteroinferior approach. | What approach does the red, thick arrow represent? | Superior-lateral approach | Anteroinferior approach | Medial approach | Posterior approach | C | |
569 | . The red, thick arrow ‘M ’ represents the medial approach, the orange-yellow, thick arrow ‘SL ’ represents the superior-lateral approach, and the blue, thick arrow ‘A ’ represents the anteroinferior approach. | Which color represents the anteroinferior approach? | Red | Orange-yellow | Blue | Green | C | |
579 | quantification of coronary artery plaque burden in a patient with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and chronic coronary syndrome . Myocardial contrast dobutamine stress echocardiography demonstrated normal perfusion at rest (panel a) and myocardial ischemia with delayed myocardial contrast enhancement in the api... | Where was the delayed myocardial contrast enhancement observed in this patient? | Apical part of the right ventricle | Left atrium | Basal part of the left ventricle | Apical part of the left ventricle | D | |
655 | nuclei (DAPI ; blue) in nude mouse lung tissues after a 3 week treatment period with metformin (Met ; 250 mg/kg/day), pemetrexed (Pem ; 150 mg / kg / twice a week) or both (Met + Pem) following a 4 week A549 cell xenograft . Scale bar = 100 μm . The area. | What is the color of the labeled nuclei in the image? | green | red | blue | yellow | C | |
667 | nuclei (DAPI ; blue) in nude mouse lung tissues after a 3 week treatment period with metformin (Met ; 250 mg/kg/day), pemetrexed (Pem ; 150 mg / kg / twice a week) or both (Met + Pem) following a 4 week A549 cell xenograft . Scale bar = 100 μm . The area. | What is the color of nuclei shown in the image? | Red | Green | Blue | Yellow | C | |
670 | nuclei (DAPI ; blue) in nude mouse lung tissues after a 3 week treatment period with metformin (Met ; 250 mg/kg/day), pemetrexed (Pem ; 150 mg / kg / twice a week) or both (Met + Pem) following a 4 week A549 cell xenograft . Scale bar = 100 μm . The area. | What is the color of the nuclei in the image? | Yellow | Blue | Red | Green | B | |
704 | endogenous coactosin and F-actin in the growth cone of an oculomotor neuron . Double staining of coactosin (green) and rhodamine - phalloidin (red) showing coactosin accumulation on F-actin bundles . (D–I) Representative SIM images of control. | What is the color of coactosin staining in the image? | blue, | green, | red, | yellow | B | |
705 | endogenous coactosin and F-actin in the growth cone of an oculomotor neuron . Double staining of coactosin (green) and rhodamine - phalloidin (red) showing coactosin accumulation on F-actin bundles . (D–I) Representative SIM images of control. | What type of neuron is shown in the image? | Olfactory neuron, | Motor neuron, | Sensory neuron, | Interneuron | B | |
711 | neurons with double staining of phosphorylated cofilin (p - cofilin : green) and rhodamine-phalloidin (red) . With coactosin knockdown, the actin array and bundle structures were disorganized and showed strong p-cofilin expression around the filopodia . (J) Quantitative distribution of the fluorescence intensities of c... | Which staining fluoresces red in the images? | phosphorylated cofilin | rhodamine-phalloidin | coactosin | F-actin | B | |
712 | Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images showing endogenous coactosin and F-actin in the growth cone of an oculomotor neuron . Double staining of coactosin (green) and rhodamine - phalloidin (red) showing coactosin accumulation on F-actin bundles. | What is the color of coactosin staining in the image? | Blue | Green | Yellow | Red. | B | |
713 | Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images showing endogenous coactosin and F-actin in the growth cone of an oculomotor neuron . Double staining of coactosin (green) and rhodamine - phalloidin (red) showing coactosin accumulation on F-actin bundles. | What does the image show about coactosin? | It binds to DNA. | It accumulates on F-actin bundles | It is located in the nucleus. | None of the above. | B | |
778 | a posterior dominant-involvement pattern in lower limb in addition to tongue muscle involvement The tongue (C), and gastrocnemius | Which body part is affected by the posterior dominant-involvement pattern? | arms | legs | face | back | B | |
780 | a posterior dominant-involvement pattern in lower limb in addition to tongue muscle involvement The tongue (D) had a diffusely hyperechoic pattern, whereas normal muscle structures were relatively preserved in the vastus lateralis | Which muscle showed abnormality in the ultrasound? | Vastus medialis | Vastus lateralis | Sartorius | Gluteus Maximus | B | |
781 | a posterior dominant-involvement pattern in lower limb in addition to tongue muscle involvement The tongue (D) had a diffusely hyperechoic pattern, whereas normal muscle structures were relatively preserved in the vastus lateralis | Which muscle showed normal ultrasound findings? | Biceps Brachii | Gastrocnemius | Rectus Femoris | Vastus Medialis | D | |
782 | a posterior dominant-involvement pattern in lower limb in addition to tongue muscle involvement The tongue (D) had a diffusely hyperechoic pattern, whereas normal muscle structures were relatively preserved in the vastus lateralis | What is the imaging finding in the tongue muscle? | diffusely hypoechoic pattern | relatively preserved muscle structure | diffusely hyperechoic pattern | None of the above | C | |
783 | a posterior dominant-involvement pattern in lower limb in addition to tongue muscle involvement The tongue (D) had a diffusely hyperechoic pattern, whereas normal muscle structures were relatively preserved in the vastus lateralis | What is the involvement pattern seen in the lower limb muscles? | Anterior dominant | Lateral dominant | Posterior dominant | None of the above | C | |
820 | represented with light colors . 75% of transparency was applied to the skull . 2D saggitallice. | What type of image is being described? | CT scan | X-Ray | MRI | Ultrasound | A | |
823 | views of specimen GPIT-PV-30003 exposing the position of the replacement and functional teeth on both upper (teeth in blue) and lower (teeth in green) jaws in Henodus chelyops. | What is the color used to represent the teeth in the upper jaw? | Blue | Green | Red | Yellow | A | |
884 | the slice in place during recording . Bottom : high - magnification image of the somatosensory cortex layer five within the boxed region in the low - magnification image where recording was performed . (C). | Where did the recording take place? | somatosensory cortex layer one | somatosensory cortex layer five | somatosensory cortex layer ten | somatosensory cortex layer fifteen | B | |
887 | the slice in place during recording . Bottom : high - magnification image of the somatosensory cortex layer five within the boxed region in the low - magnification image where recording was performed . (C). | What is the top image showing? | Low-magnification image of the somatosensory cortex. | High-magnification image of the somatosensory cortex. | Low-magnification image of the amygdala. | High-magnification image of the hippocampus. | A | |
891 | Photomicrograph stained by hematoxylin-eosin (200x) revealing features of a calcifying odontogenic cyst with presence of ghost cells (red arrow) associated with odontoma (asterisk). | What is the red arrow pointing towards in the photomicrograph? | Odontoma | Calcification | Epithelial cells | Ghost cells | D | |
895 | features of a calcifying odontogenic cyst with presence of ghost cells (red arrow) associated with odontoma (asterisk) . (b) Photomicrography showing a cystic lesion with a fibrous tissue capsule and lining of odontogenic epithelium of ameloblastic type loosely arranged with several amounts of ghost cells (200X). | What is the lining of the cystic lesion? | Fibrous tissue. | Epidermis. | Connective tissue. | Muscle tissue. | A | |
1,034 | . The Zmap shows a defect in the right upper lobe while there is no perfusion defect . The RelDiffMap provides a better contrast between functional and no functional areas. | Where is the defect located in the lungs? | Left upper lobe | Left lower lobe | Right upper lobe | Right lower lobe | C | |
1,054 | (C -right panel) OCT scan observed edema in the macula with thicknesses of 277 and 483 μm in the right (top) and left (bottom) eyes, respectively | Which eye has a thicker macula? | Right eye | Left eye | Both eyes have the same thickness | Cannot be determined | B | |
1,106 | , axial and B, sagittal non - contrast CT scan in lung window show peripheral single ground glass opacity in the apical segment of the right lower lobe. | Where is the ground glass opacity located? | Right upper lobe | Right middle lobe | Right lower lobe | Left lower lobe | C | |
1,107 | , axial and B, sagittal non - contrast CT scan in lung window show peripheral single ground glass opacity in the apical segment of the right lower lobe. | Where is the location of ground glass opacity observed in the CT scan? | Left Lower lobe | Right Upper lobe | Apical segment of left lower lobe | Apical segment of right Lower lobe | D | |
1,215 | Representative podocyte foot process images obtained from EMT-stained sections using two-dimensional SIM (2D SIM) or 3D SIM . Microstructures were visualized with 561 nm and 640 nm excitation lasers and are pseudo - colored in green and magenta. | What method was used to visualize the microstructures in the podocyte foot process images? | Confocal microscopy | Electron microscopy | 2D SIM | 3D SIM | C | |
1,223 | Representative podocyte foot process images obtained from EMT-stained sections using two-dimensional SIM (2D SIM) or 3D SIM . Microstructures were visualized with 561 nm and 640 nm excitation lasers and are pseudo - colored in green and magenta. | What type of microscope was used to obtain the images? | fluorescence microscope | electron microscope | scanning probe microscope | atomic force microscope | A | |
1,237 | Representative three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D SIM) images of elastica-Masson trichrome (EMT) – or periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)–stained glomeruli excited at 640 nm . Images were obtained from patients diagnosed with minor glomerular abnormalities (MGAs) (N = 7 patients) or membranous nephropathy ... | What is the staining technique used to obtain the 3D SIM images? | EMT | H&E | Giemsa | Gram | A | |
1,249 | Representative three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D SIM) images of elastica-Masson trichrome (EMT) – or periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)–stained glomeruli excited at 640 nm . Images were obtained from patients diagnosed with minor glomerular abnormalities (MGAs) (N = 7 patients) or membranous nephropathy ... | What was the staining used for imaging? | Immunohistochemistry | Fluorescence in situ hybridization | Elastica-Masson trichrome or Periodic acid-Schiff stain | Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining | C | |
1,272 | pathological changes of podocyte foot processes (b) Kidney sections from patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) with various levels of proteinuria were labeled with EMT staining and analyzed by 3D SIM (bars = 5 μm) . White squares indicate areas analyzed under high magnification in the lower right of the... | What do the white squares in the panel indicate? | Areas with high proteinuria | Areas with low magnification | Areas with high magnification | Areas with no podocyte damage | C | |
1,276 | pathological changes of podocyte foot processes (b) Kidney sections from patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) with various levels of proteinuria were labeled with EMT staining and analyzed by 3D SIM (bars = 5 μm) . White squares indicate areas analyzed under high magnification in the lower right of the... | What do the white squares indicate in the panel? | Low proteinuria levels | High proteinuria levels | Areas analyzed under high magnification | Areas with no pathological changes | C | |
1,309 | Computed tomography showed dilated small bowel loops, bowel wall thickening, mesenteric fat stranding, and abnormal increased enhancement of the intestine. | What imaging technique was used to detect the abnormalities? | MRI | CT scan | PET scan | X-ray | B | |
1,319 | (A) patient with lower left abdominal pain . This computed tomography scan of the lower abdomen shows colonic wall thickening in the proximal sigmoid colon, diverticula (arrow), and pericolic fat stranding. | What is the possible diagnosis of the patient's lower left abdominal pain? | Appendicitis | Diverticulitis | Cholecystitis | Pancreatitis | B | |
1,345 | MRI of the brain during the last episode . There were no abnormal signals except the preexisting septum pellucidum cyst ( The arrow ) which was similar to that before . A T1WI ; B T2WI ; C DWI ; D Magnetic resonance angiograghy ( MRA ) ; E Magnetic resonance venography ( MRV ) ; F Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( MRS ... | What was the abnormality seen in the MRI? | Cyst | Abnormal Signals | DWI | MRA | A | |
1,349 | Typical imaging findings of the nonbronchiectasis group . A 65-year-old female suffered from asthma for 3 years and CRS for 1 year . A, B Paranasal sinus CT imaging revealing CRS involving maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses without the existence of nasal polyps . C–F Lung windows of HRCT were normal. | What does the CT imaging reveal about the patient's sinuses? | Involvement of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses with nasal polyps present. | Involvement of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses without nasal polyps. | Involvement of frontal and sphenoidal sinuses with nasal polyps present. | Completely normal paranasal sinus. | B | |
1,387 | and c are T2WI and ADC images, respectively, of the same patient. | What type of medical imaging modality was used to obtain image a? | CT | X-ray | MRI | PET | C | |
1,389 | . Yellow spots from superposition of red and green fluorescence represent T cells dually secreting IFN-γ and TNF-α after stimulation . Single cytokine (TNF-α or IFN-γ) secreting T cell frequencies equals the frequencies of dual secreting T cells subtracted from total T cells. | What do the yellow spots represent in the image? | Fluorescence due to red T cells | Fluorescence due to green T cells | T cells secreting TNF-α only | T cells secreting both IFN-γ and TNF-α | D | |
1,405 | 3D reconstruction of the interrogated vessel without its side branches was performed . (A) Pre‐procedural angiographic image shows a ISR lesion, and QFR was 0.70. | What does the pre-procedural angiographic image show? | No lesion | A stenotic lesion | An aneurysm | A blocked vessel | B | |
1,418 | Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study for STIR sequences (d, e. | What are the images showing in the MRI study? | Brain images | Spinal cord images | Knee joint images | No information provided | C | |
1,419 | Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study for STIR sequences (d, e. | What type of MRI sequence was used in the initial study? | T1-weighted | FLAIR | STIR | T2-weighted | C | |
1,431 | a cluster in the right insula . Clusters positively associated with social threat at a voxel-wise threshold of P < 0.005 are shown with using red-yellow color scale. | What brain region showed a positive association with social threat? | the left insula | the right insula | the occipital lobe | the cerebellum | B | |
1,445 | Images of chest computed tomography ( CT ) . A, B Chest CT images during hospitalization showed high-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side . C, D Chest CT showed the absorption of the pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs after treatment. | What did the chest CT images during hospitalization show? | Absorption of pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs. | No changes. | Low-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the left side. | High-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side. | D | |
1,446 | Images of chest computed tomography ( CT ) . A, B Chest CT images during hospitalization showed high-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side . C, D Chest CT showed the absorption of the pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs after treatment. | What did the chest CT images show after treatment? | Absorption of the pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs. | No changes. | High-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side. | Low-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the left side. | A | |
1,447 | Images of chest computed tomography ( CT ) . A, B Chest CT images during hospitalization showed high-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side . C, D Chest CT showed the absorption of the pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs after treatment. | What was the initial condition shown in the chest CT images? | Normal lungs and pleura | Low-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side | High-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the left side | No information given about the condition shown in the images. | B | |
1,452 | Images of chest computed tomography ( CT ) . A, B Chest CT images during hospitalization showed high-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs and pleural effusion on the right side . C, D Chest CT showed the absorption of the pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs after treatment. | What did the chest CT show after treatment? | Normal lungs | Inflammatory sites in the lungs | Absorption of pleural effusion and inflammatory sites in the lungs | High-density infiltrate in bilateral lungs. | C | |
1,511 | Some of the atypical casts are polychromatic (staining trichrome - red and blue), associated with interstitial inflammation and edema . Tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis occupied ~ 10 – 15% of the cortex . (Masson trichrome, × 400). | What staining was used to identify polychromatic casts? | Masson trichrome | Hematoxylin and eosin | Periodic acid-Schiff | Von Kossa stain | A | |
1,589 | original magnification 200 . (b-c) Diffuse synaptic positivity and enhanced perivacuolar ‘ patchy ’ positivity and ‘plaque-like’ positive structures in striatum, stained with monoclonal antibody (6H4) against prion protein, original magnification 200x and H&E staining, original magnification 100x. | What is the staining technique used to visualize the structures in the striatum? | Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-inflammatory antibody | H&E staining | Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-prion protein antibody | Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-tau protein antibody. | C | |
1,619 | A 12-year-old female patient was diagnosed as tibial intercondylar eminence fractures, right, type III . Preoperative three-dimensional CT were shown. | What type of fracture did the patient have? | Type IV | Type III | Type II | Type I | B | |
1,622 | Arthroscopic assisted internal fixation with hollow screws was applied . Postoperative X-ray showed good alignment of fracture. | What was the result of postoperative X-ray? | Malalignment | Non-union | Delayed union | Good alignment | D | |
1,661 | Transverse CT scan in a soft tissue window A, and bone window B, of the skull demonstrating the presence of a cyst ventromedial to the left globe, with adjacent lysis of the orbital bone ( arrow ). | What is the finding in the image? | Orbital bone fracture. | Left globe cyst. | Right globe lysis. | No finding. | B | |
1,700 | a gel pad on top of which the optical pattern is fixed and some ultrasound gel is added (a) . A freehand PA scan is acquired. | How is the optical pattern fixed on top of the gel pad? | taped | glued | stapled | sewn | A | |
1,724 | 32-year-old woman with ductal carcinoma of the left breast . (B,C,D) show the heterogeneous hypoechoic lesions in the medial. | Where are the lesions located in the breast? | Lateral | Medial | Upper outer quadrant | Lower inner quadrant | B | |
1,726 | 32-year-old woman with ductal carcinoma of the left breast . (B,C,D) show the heterogeneous hypoechoic lesions in the medial. | Where are the lesions located? | lateral | posterior | medial | anterior | C | |
1,742 | AFM images (upper) and linear section analysis of the colored lines shown in AFM image (lower). | What is shown in the lower images? | Colored lines | AFM images | FTIR spectra | X-ray diffraction | A | |
1,788 | Caespitose erect thalli showing a rare branch (arrowhead) and blunt tip (arrow). | What does the arrowhead in the image indicate about the thalli? | common branch | rare branch | presence of flowers | absence of chloroplasts | B | |
1,789 | Caespitose erect thalli showing a rare branch (arrowhead) and blunt tip (arrow). | What is the shape of the thallus? | Erect | Prostrate | Sessile | Branched | A | |
1,798 | Caespitose erect thalli showing a rare branch (arrowhead) and blunt tip (arrow). | What is the shape of the rare branch in the image? | Blunt | Tapered | Pointed | Serrated | A | |
1,799 | Caespitose erect thalli showing a rare branch (arrowhead) and blunt tip (arrow). | What is the shape of the thalli? | Prostrate | Erect | Creeping | Bulbous | B | |
1,938 | (CT) imaging of an 88-year-old woman with non-ketotic hyperglycemia chorea-ballism and intracerebral hemorrhage . (A,B) At admission, CT showed hyperdense lesions in the left occipital lobe (white arrow), right caudate nucleus and putamen (triangle), and left caudate (triangle). | Where are the hyperdense lesions found in the CT imaging of the woman? | Left eye | Right temporal lobe | Left occipital lobe, right caudate nucleus and putamen, left caudate | Right parietal lobe, left temporal lobe, left caudate | C | |
1,940 | mild hematoma enlargement, slightly increased edema around the occipital lobe lesion (white arrow), and no significant changes in the bilateral striatum regions (triangle) ; (E,F) 15 days before admission. | What is the identified lesion in the image? | Bilateral striatum regions | Occipital lobe | Mild hematoma | None of the above | B | |
1,988 | Vero E6 cells were infected with MERS-CoV and imaged by confocal microscopy. | What microscopy technique was used to image the infected cells? | Brightfield microscopy | Fluorescence microscopy | Electron microscopy | Phase-contrast microscopy | B | |
1,993 | μ-XRF) maps of soil from Terrace 3 at 15–21 cm depth . Two regions with organic-rich detritus are shown, with microscope images in panels (c,f) . Note the smaller red dots scattered throughout. | What is shown in the microscope images in panels (c,f)? | Clay particles | Sand particles | Organic-rich detritus | Red dots scattered throughout. | C | |
2,021 | MRA : stenosis tightened by the left ICA and the thinning and irregularity of the left MCA. | Which artery had stenosis? | Right ICA | Left ICA | Right MCA | Left MCA | B | |
2,044 | Observations of the structure of the SCB at the SEM (a) Magnification 5.00 kx. | What was observed in the SEM image? | Structure of the SCB | Atomic arrangement of the SCB | Chemical composition of the SCB | Magnetic properties of the SCB | A | |
2,075 | the radiological appearances of the four sub - types of TIP . (A) Pulmonary Fibrosis - Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle. | Which sub-type of TIP is depicted in the image? | Bronchiolitis Obliterans TIP | Cellular TIP | Mixed TIP | Pulmonary Fibrosis TIP | D | |
2,108 | Overview of the entire 24 h recording period showing marked distal colonic hyperactivity. | What is shown in the recording throughout the 24 hour period? | Fluctuating bladder pressures | Distal stomach hyperactivity | Contractile activity in the small intestine | Distal colonic hyperactivity | D | |
2,110 | Abdominal radiographs prior to and following endoscopic decompression and insertion of high‐resolution manometry catheter. | What medical procedure was performed prior to the insertion of the catheter? | MRI | X-ray | Endoscopy | Cat scan. | B | |
2,129 | Representative micrograph of tibialis anterior muscle (n = 2) . Scale bar = 1 µm. | What is the name of the muscle shown in the micrograph? | Gastronemius | Tibialis Anterior | Diaphragm | Biceps Brachii | B | |
2,140 | an equivalent volume of saline . After 5 days, and everyday thereafter, saline‐ and C26‐injected mice were treated with or without GW (5 mg kg−1) . After 16 days, mice were euthanized and gastrocnemius muscles were imaged by transmission electron microscopy . (right) Zoomed section of representative image to highlight ... | What method was used to image the gastrocnemius muscles? | X-ray imaging | MRI imaging | Transmission electron microscopy | PET scan | C | |
2,145 | Representative micrograph of tibialis anterior muscle (n = 2) . Scale bar = 1 µm. | What is the name of the muscle depicted in the micrograph? | Quadriceps | Biceps Brachii | Tibialis Anterior | Gastrocnemius | C | |
2,245 | IHC staining of TIMP-2 at 12 weeks in groups I (k, l). | What was stained in the image? | TIMP-1 | TIMP-2 | MMP-2 | MMP-9 | B | |
2,259 | Pantalar fracture dislocation with comminuted fracture of head & neck in a 26-year-old man . Radiograph (a). | What is the type of fracture shown in the radiograph? | Simple fracture | Comminuted fracture | Greenstick fracture | Oblique fracture | B | |
2,272 | T2-MRI images of FeSe2 - PEG and BPs-FeSe2-PEG solution at different concentrations (0–0.02 mM) in vitro. | Which imaging technique was used for obtaining the images? | PET | MRI | CT | US | B | |
2,350 | Macroscopic view of primary lung tumor tissue harvested eight weeks post adenoviral Cre-recombinase application . Bars indicate 500 µm. | What do the bars in the image indicate? | The type of primary lung tumor tissue | The presence of adenoviral Cre-recombinase | The size of primary lung tumor tissue | The distance between tissue samples | C | |
2,352 | (C) Microscopic view at ×40 magnification of H&E and NICD1 stain Bars indicate 50 µm | What type of stain was used in the image? | Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain | Wright-Giemsa stain | Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain | Van Gieson's stain | A | |
2,557 | Images at 5× magnification used for HZ CSA . Blue outlines indicate HZ CSA measured. | What does the blue outline indicate in the image? | magnification level | HZ CSA measurement area | area excluded from HZ CSA measurement | area for image cropping | B | |
2,563 | Images at 5× magnification used for HZ CSA . Blue outlines indicate HZ CSA measured. | What does the blue outline in the image indicate? | Magnification level | Area measured for HZ CSA | Color-coded cells | Number of cells analyzed. | B | |
2,594 | Images at 5× magnification were used for HZ CSA . Blue outlines indicate HZ CSA measured. | What do the blue outlines indicate in the image? | Cell nuclei | HZ CSA measured | Blood vessels | Mitochondria measured | B | |
2,792 | a trend of increased number of low intensity pixels in vehicle 5xFAD treated mice (B) T2-weighted morphological MRI of mice 24 h after hrANXA1 or vehicle treatment | What type of MRI was performed on the mice? | T1-weighted | DWI | FLAIR | T2-weighted | D |
Fork of RadGenome/PMC-VQA converted to:
train_2.csv and test_2.csv).A:) from questions and choices| Name | #train | #val | #test | img#train | img#val | img#test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMC-VQA | 152,603 | 0 | 33,430 | 135,339 | 0 | 29,021 |
from pathlib import Path
from datasets import Dataset, Features, Image, Value
SLAKE_FEAT = {
"index": Value("uint32"),
"image": Image(decode=True),
"Caption": Value("string"),
"Question": Value("string"),
"Answer": Value("string"),
} | {f"Choice {op}": Value("string") for op in "ABCD"}
def prefix_strip(s: str, prefix: str) -> str:
return s.strip().removeprefix(prefix).strip()
def reformat(
csv_path: Path,
upload_to: str | None = None,
image_dir: str = "images",
):
assert "_2" in csv_path.stem, "Expected a split CSV file with '_2' in the name."
split = csv_path.stem.replace("_2", "")
d = Dataset.from_csv(csv_path.as_posix())
d = d.map(
lambda e: (
{
"image": {"path": f"{image_dir}/{e['Figure_path']}"},
"Question": e["Question"].strip(),
}
| {
f"Choice {op}": prefix_strip(e[f"Choice {op}"], f"{op}:")
for op in "ABCD"
}
),
num_proc=16,
features=Features(SLAKE_FEAT),
remove_columns=["Figure_path", "split"],
)
if upload_to:
d.push_to_hub(upload_to, split=split)
else:
print(d)
print(d[0])
print(f"Would upload to split={split} on the hub.")