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https://syracusefan.com/threads/against-ranked-teams-basketball-week-9.138924/
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Against Ranked Teams (basketball) Week 9 | Syracusefan.com
# Against Ranked Teams (basketball) Week 9
#### SWC75
##### Bored Historian
This year I will be again charting how teams have done “against ranked teams”, which is something that always comes up at the end of the year when the arguments over who should be in the NCAA tournament start. As usual, this is not meant to end those arguments, just to give those making them something to look at in forming their opinions. This is just one thing to look at. But I think it’s a big thing.
I’m going to do it a bit differently this year. The old procedure was that I would first grant teams playing ranked teams a certain number of points based on who they are playing. If you played the #1 team, (I use the AP- writer’s poll for continuity), you get 25 points. If you are playing the #2 team, you get 24 points, etc. down to getting 1 point for playing the #25 team. I call these “schedule points”. Here’s a chart to make it simple:
1-25, 2-24, 3-23, 4-22, 5-21, 6-20, 7-19, 8-18, 9-17, 10-16, 11-15, 12-14, 13-13, 14-12, 15-11, 16-10, 17-9, 18-8, 19-7, 20-6, 21-5, 22-4, 23-3, 24-2, 25-1.
(Of course you can always just subtract the ranking from 26. That will work every time.)
Then I look at the point differential in the actual game. If you defeated the ranked team, you add the number of points you won by to the schedule points. If you lost to that team, you subtract the margin you lost by from the schedule points. (I call these ‘game’ points.) The difference between this year and last year if that I didn’t count any deficit: if you got to zero, you got zero. This year I’m going to try to record negative points, too, so a team can get full ‘credit’ for a really bad performance.
WEEK NINE
New Mexico beat #6 Nevada-Reno 85-58 = +47 points
Iowa State beat #5 Kansas 77-60 = +38 points
St. John’s beat #16 Marquette 89-69 = +30 points
Virginia beat #9 Florida State 65-52 = +30 points
Michigan State beat #14 Ohio State 86-77 = +21 points
Purdue beat #25 Iowa 86-70 = +17 points
Michigan beat #21 Indiana 74-63 = +16 points
Alabama beat #13 Kentucky 77-75 = +15 points
Oklahoma lost to #5 Kansas 63-70 = +14 points
Indiana lost to #2 Michigan 63-74 = +13 points
West Virginia lost to #11 Texas Tech 59-62 = +12 points
Iowa beat #24 Nebraska 93-84 = +11 points
Minnesota beat #22 Wisconsin 59-52 = +11 points
Penn State lost to #2 Michigan 55-68 = +11 points
Kansas beat #23 Oklahoma 70-63 = +10 points
Florida State lost to #9 Virginia 52-65 = +9 points
Kansas State lost to #11 Texas Tech 57-63 = +9 points
Ohio State lost to #8 Michigan State 77-86 = +9 points
Clemson lost to #1 Duke 68-87 = +6 points
Winthrop lost to #9 Florida State 76-87 = +6 points
Boston College lost to #10 Virginia Tech 66-77 = +5 points
Maryland beat #24 Nebraska 74-72 = +4 points
U of Miami lost to #18 North Carolina State 82-87 = +3 points
Notre Dame lost to #10 Virginia Tech 66-81 = +1 point
Illinois lost to #21 Indiana 65-73 = -3 points
Utah State lost to #6 Nevada-Reno 49-72 = -3 points
Memphis lost to #19 Houston 77-90 = -6 points
Nebraska lost to #25 Iowa 84-93 = -8 points
Oklahoma State lost to #23 Oklahoma 64-74 = -7 points
Northwestern lost to #8 Michigan State 55-81 = -8 points
Xavier lost to #10 Marquette 52-70 = -8 points
Harvard lost to #15 North Carolina 57-77 = -9 points
Eastern Michigan lost to #20 Buffalo 58-74 = -10 points
Tulsa lost to #19 Houston 56-74 = -11 points
Marshall lost to #4 Virginia 64-100 = -14 points
Pittsburgh lost to #15 North Carolina 60-85 = -14 points
Penn State lost to #22 Wisconsin 52-71 = -15 points
Cal State Bakersfield lost to #7 Gonzaga 54-89 = -16 points
Georgia lost to #3 Tennessee 50-96 = -23 points
Santa Clara lost to #7 Gonzaga 48-91 = -24 points
Comment: Kansas and Nevada-Reno went down hard and produced two of the five highest point totals for a game this season. Duke was +58 vs. Kentucky and Michigan +45 vs. Villanova. But Iowa State and New Mexico aren’t Duke and Michigan so those two results were shockers. The Virginia result didn’t surprise me but the St. John’s score did. I didn’t realize how good a season St. John’s is having (14-1).
Sunday February 24th: Michigan State at Michigan Saturday March 9th: Michigan at Michigan State.
THE TOP 25
Duke +128 points
Michigan +119 points
Michigan State +100 points
Marquette +88 points
North Carolina +62 points
Kansas +64 points
Arizona State +59 points
New Mexico +47 points
Tennessee +46 points
Virginia +45 points
Gonzaga +44 points
Auburn +42 points
Indiana +40 points
Purdue +36 points
Wisconsin +33 points
Iowa State +32 points
St. John’s +30 points
Louisville +28 points
Florida State +27 points
Furman +26 points
North Carolina State +26 points
Oregon +26 points
Connecticut +25 points
Louisiana State +25 points
Vanderbilt +24 points
Syracuse has +18 points
The worst total so far is Tennessee Tech with -104 points
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https://www.traditionaloven.com/tutorials/distance/convert-china-small-li-unit-to-royal-cubit-length.html
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Convert 釐 or 厘 to cbt long | Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits
# length units conversion
## Amount: 1 Chinese lí (釐 or 厘) of length Equals: 0.00064 Royal Sacret cubits (cbt long) in length - architecture
Converting Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits value in the length units scale.
TOGGLE : from Royal Sacret cubits into Chinese lí in the other way around.
## length from Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubit conversion results
### Enter a new Chinese lí number to convert
* Whole numbers, decimals or fractions (ie: 6, 5.33, 17 3/8)
* Precision is how many digits after decimal point (1 - 9)
Enter Amount :
Decimal Precision :
CONVERT : between other length measuring units - complete list.
How many Royal Sacret cubits are in 1 Chinese lí? The answer is: 1 釐 or 厘 equals 0.00064 cbt long
## 0.00064 cbt long is converted to 1 of what?
The Royal Sacret cubits unit number 0.00064 cbt long converts to 1 釐 or 厘, one Chinese lí. It is the EQUAL length value of 1 Chinese lí but in the Royal Sacret cubits length - architecture unit alternative.
釐 or 厘/cbt long length conversion result From Symbol Equals Result Symbol 1 釐 or 厘 = 0.00064 cbt long
## Conversion chart - Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits
1 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.00064 cbt long
2 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0013 cbt long
3 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0019 cbt long
4 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0025 cbt long
5 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0032 cbt long
6 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0038 cbt long
7 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0045 cbt long
8 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0051 cbt long
9 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0057 cbt long
10 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0064 cbt long
11 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0070 cbt long
12 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0076 cbt long
13 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0083 cbt long
14 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0089 cbt long
15 Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits = 0.0096 cbt long
Convert length of Chinese lí (釐 or 厘) and Royal Sacret cubits (cbt long) units in reverse from Royal Sacret cubits into Chinese lí.
## Length, Distance, Height & Depth units
Distance in the metric sense is a measure between any two A to Z points. Applies to physical lengths, depths, heights or simply farness. Tool with multiple distance, depth and length measurement units.
# Converter type: length units
First unit: Chinese lí (釐 or 厘) is used for measuring length.
Second: Royal Sacret cubit (cbt long) is unit of length - architecture.
QUESTION:
15 釐 or 厘 = ? cbt long
15 釐 or 厘 = 0.0096 cbt long
Abbreviation, or prefix, for Chinese lí is:
Abbreviation for Royal Sacret cubit is:
cbt long
## Other applications for this length calculator ...
With the above mentioned two-units calculating service it provides, this length converter proved to be useful also as a teaching tool:
1. in practicing Chinese lí and Royal Sacret cubits ( 釐 or 厘 vs. cbt long ) measures exchange.
2. for conversion factors between unit pairs.
3. work with length's values and properties.
To link to this length Chinese lí to Royal Sacret cubits online converter simply cut and paste the following.
The link to this tool will appear as: length from Chinese lí (釐 or 厘) to Royal Sacret cubits (cbt long) conversion.
I've done my best to build this site for you- Please send feedback to let me know how you enjoyed visiting.
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https://oeis.org/A306461
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A306461 Number T(n,k) of occurrences of k in a (signed) displacement set of a permutation of [n]; triangle T(n,k), n>=1, 1-n<=k<=n-1, read by rows. 6
1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, 6, 10, 13, 15, 13, 10, 6, 24, 42, 56, 67, 76, 67, 56, 42, 24, 120, 216, 294, 358, 411, 455, 411, 358, 294, 216, 120, 720, 1320, 1824, 2250, 2612, 2921, 3186, 2921, 2612, 2250, 1824, 1320, 720, 5040, 9360, 13080, 16296, 19086, 21514, 23633, 25487, 23633, 21514, 19086, 16296, 13080, 9360, 5040 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET 1,5 LINKS Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 1..142, flattened Wikipedia, Permutation FORMULA T(n,k) = T(n,-k). T(n,k) = - Sum_{j=1..n} (-1)^j * binomial(n-|k|,j) * (n-j)!. T(n,k) = |k|! * (n-|k|)! [x^(n-|k|)] (1-exp(-x))/(1-x)^(|k|+1). Sum_{k=1-n..n-1} T(n,k) = A306455(n). T(n,k) = |k|! * A306234(n,k). EXAMPLE The 6 permutations p of [3]: 123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321 have (signed) displacement sets {p(i)-i, i=1..3}: {0}, {-1,0,1}, {-1,0,1}, {-2,1}, {-1,2}, {-2,0,2}, respectively. Numbers -2 and 2 occur twice, -1 and 1 occur thrice, and 0 occurs four times. So row n=3 is [2, 3, 4, 3, 2]. Triangle T(n,k) begins: : 1 ; : 1, 1, 1 ; : 2, 3, 4, 3, 2 ; : 6, 10, 13, 15, 13, 10, 6 ; : 24, 42, 56, 67, 76, 67, 56, 42, 24 ; : 120, 216, 294, 358, 411, 455, 411, 358, 294, 216, 120 ; MAPLE b:= proc(s, d) option remember; (n-> `if`(n=0, add(x^j, j=d), add(b(s minus {i}, d union {n-i}), i=s)))(nops(s)) end: T:= n-> (p-> seq(coeff(p, x, i), i=1-n..n-1))(b({\$1..n}, {})): seq(T(n), n=1..8); # second Maple program: T:= (n, k)-> -add((-1)^j*binomial(n-abs(k), j)*(n-j)!, j=1..n): seq(seq(T(n, k), k=1-n..n-1), n=1..9); CROSSREFS Columns k=0-1 give: A002467, A180191. Row sums give A306455. T(n+1,n) gives A000142. T(n+2,n) gives A007680. Cf. A000142, A061018 (left half of this triangle), A306234, A306506, A324225. Sequence in context: A251102 A217287 A111880 * A101497 A274007 A065870 Adjacent sequences: A306458 A306459 A306460 * A306462 A306463 A306464 KEYWORD nonn,tabf AUTHOR Alois P. Heinz, Feb 17 2019 STATUS approved
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Last modified January 29 01:54 EST 2020. Contains 331328 sequences. (Running on oeis4.)
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https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/151298/whats-the-largest-an-earth-like-planet-can-be-and-support-earths-biosphere
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# What's the largest an Earth-like planet can be and support Earth's biosphere?
For certain reasons I decided to not set my story on Earth. However, the planet is meant to host an Earth-like biosphere (including humans, most of Earth's species (perhaps some that didn't evolve before)). Since I was working with another planet, I decided to make it as big as possible (hence the question). The lifeforms on said planet don't need to be exactly analogous to Earth (evolution could have taken different forms), but it does need to be able to support homo sapiens (with perhaps some biological adaptations to living under higher gravity (only as high as is feasible) and other differing conditions, but still the same basic makeup).
Surface gravity is directly proportional with the radius of the planet and inversely proportional with the density of the planet.
Now fire up LibreOffice Calc (or your favorite spreadsheet program), and play with the numbers. I suggest to put Earth's radius, surface area and surface gravity as 1 (because your are interested in relative values), but keep the Earth's density as 5.5 (because it has direct implications for the chemical composition of the planet etc.) Then figure out what increase in surface gravity you are prepared to tolerate (I suggest 20 to 25% tops) and what decrease in density you can justify while keeping enough iron to get a decent magnetic field and to preserve Earth-like biochemistry (I suggest not lower than 5). You will get something like this:
Radius Area Density Gravity
------ ---- ------- -------
Earth 1.00 1.00 5.50 1.00
Max gravity, lowest density 1.38 1.89 5.00 1.25
Max-ish gravity, lowest density 1.32 1.74 5.00 1.20
Moderate gravity, lowest density 1.21 1.46 5.00 1.10
This suggests that you can get a surface area 75 to 90% larger than Earth's without extremely strong effects on the biosphere, and a surface area 50% larger than Earth's with minimal effects on the biosphere.
• Thanks. I'll probably go with the 50% larger since I'm not sure what the limitations of "without extremely strong effects on the biosphere" entail. – Tobi Alafin Jul 20 '19 at 16:16
• @AlexP how big is 50% larger? – Incognito Jul 20 '19 at 16:31
• @Incognito: Surface area one and a half times as large as Earth's? I don't understand the question. – AlexP Jul 20 '19 at 16:33
We don't have a good measure for how much gravity a human being can sustain for a lifetime. We might well find that 1.1 g is too much. Or that we can easily adapt to 2g. We have a little better understanding of microgravity's effects on the human body, but almost none on long term higher gravity. Twice is probably too high, but anywhere from 1.1 to 1.5 is up to you. No one can tell you that it is wrong, because we just don't know.
All our studies of higher gravity are based on limited duration. Basically the length of the high acceleration trip. We can't maintain high acceleration for a long period of time (too energy intensive), so we don't know what the effects are.
Beyond that, bigger doesn't necessarily mean higher gravity. If the planet is less dense (for example, no iron core), it can have a higher volume/surface area and the same gravity. The formula is
$$g = \frac{Gm}{r^2}$$
The formula for mass is volume times density.
$$m = \frac{4\pi r^3}{3}\rho$$
Substituting, we get
$$g = \frac{4G\pi r\rho}{3}$$
Rearranging
$$r = \frac{3g}{4G\pi\rho}$$
$$G$$ and $$\pi$$ are constants. Now, let's rewrite this as a proportion.
$$\frac{r}{r_E} = \frac{g{\rho}_E}{g_E\rho}$$
What this says is that the size of the radius in Earth radii is equal to the number of Earth gravities divided by the density in Earth densities. So taking out the proportions, we have
$$r = \frac{g}{\rho}$$
There are some limits to how low you can make the density. Jupiter is composed of things (e.g. hydrogen) that have a low density at Earth gravity. But because Jupiter is so massive, they are compressed to a much higher density.
Mars' density is a bit more than three quarters that of Earth. All the lower density planets in our solar system are gas giants. So you can probably get three quarters. Putting that back into our formula, we get
$$r = \frac{1.5}{.75} = 2$$
So about the most you can expect to get is a planet twice as large in radius as the Earth. This will also have four times the surface area and eight times the volume. And six times the mass.
It is possible that you can manage a lower density than Mars. I don't have a good way of evaluating it. If you find that you can, you can put that number back into the formula.
• Can a planet with Mars' like density support the biosphere? Apart from gravity, there's solar radiation? Wouldn't we still need a strong magnetic field? – Tobi Alafin Jul 20 '19 at 16:35
Steven Dole suggested in his book Habitable Planets for Man the following gravity, mass and radius ranges for planets still maintaining a magnetosphere, plate tectonics, and a nitrogen + oxygen atmosphere. All values will be given relative to Earth.
$$M = 0.4 - 2.35$$
$$R = 0.78 - 1.25$$
$$g = 0.68 - 1.5$$
Now you want a big planet, yet you do not specify what you mean with big... Thus I'll calculate several examples.
Max Mass and Max Radius
$$M = 2.35$$
$$R = 1.25$$
$$g = \frac{M}{R^2} = \frac{2.35}{1.25^2} = 1.5$$
$$A = 4*\pi*R^2 = 4*\pi*1.25^2 = 1.56$$
Max Mass and Min Radius
$$M = 2.35$$
$$R = 0.78$$
$$g = \frac{M}{R^2} = \frac{2.35}{0.78^2} = 0.25$$
$$A = 4*\pi*R^2 = 4*\pi*0.78^2 = 0.61$$
Min Mass and Max Radius
$$M = 0.4$$
$$R = 1.25$$
$$g = \frac{M}{R^2} = \frac{0.4}{1.25^2} = 0.25$$
$$A = 4*\pi*R^2 = 4*\pi*1.25^2 = 1.56$$
However, there is an issue I see concerning the Max_Max case. It is called atmospheric escape and can ruin your day during planet formation. You can see that whether or not a gas will remain in the planet's atmosphere depends on the escape velocity given by
$$v_{esc} = \sqrt{\frac{M}{R}}$$
and the temperature of a planet is given by
$$T_{eq} = T_{star}*(1-Ab) ^\frac{1}{4}*\sqrt{\frac{R}{2a}}$$
$$Ab = \text{albedo}$$
$$a = \text{distance}$$
From this I get $$v_{esc}$$ of 15.34 km/s for the Max_Max scenario, which gets awfully close to the point where it retains helium and would turn into an ice or gas-giant.
Atmospheric escape is the make it or break it point in the end for the survival of an Earth-like biosphere. You need methane, ammonia and water to stay on the planet and you need helium and hydrogen to leave. Otherwise it is utterly impossible for an earth-like biosphere to be sustained.
Furthermore this article is an interesting analysis of an Earth-analog twice the size of Earth. It really is worth the read.
• Thanks for the link to the article, I'll check it out. – Tobi Alafin Jul 21 '19 at 13:55
According to my rough calculations, a planet habitable for water based lifeforms vaguely similar to terrestrial life - not guaranteed to be habitable for humans or other lifeforms transported from Earth - could have a surface area a little more than 1.5 times that of Earth, which is rather disappointing. Some other answers also support that surface area limit through other calculations.
(added 07-26-19. But these calculations of upper limits are still rather uncertain and controversial.)
I believe that the habitablility of a planet of a given size depends a lot on its distances from its star and how much heat and light it gets from its star, so that larger planets would be more likely to be habitable farther out from their stars, and on various other factors.
Possibly an expert on planetary science and astrobiology could calculate and design an alien planet with a significantly larger surface area, with a larger percentage of ocean or dry land as you may prefer, and habitable for humans and other Earth life forms.
You might want to consider where you want your story to be on the MOHS Scale of Science Fiction Hardness.
The harder - more realistic and plausible - you want your science fiction story to be, the more the size of your planet will be constrained by various scientific factors.
Many old fashioned science fiction stories imagined that the giant planets in our Solar System and similar sized exoplanets could have solid surfaces and biospheres. Thus they depicted habitable planets with tens, hundreds, and thousands of times the surface area of Earth.
In E.E. Smith's Lensman series the heavy gravity planet Valeria is settled by Earth Humans and centuries or millennia later their descendants have adapted and are immensely strong. I forget what the surface gravity of Valeria was but it was probably far higher than humans could actually survive in.
As I remember from checking fairly recently, Stephen Dole's Habitable Planets for Man (1964, 2009) suggests that humans wouldn't want to colonize a planet with a surface gravity more than about 1.25 or 1.50 that of Earth. The surface gravity of Earth is abbreviated 1 g.
A writer could get away with having a group of colonists or alien abductees settle on a planet with a surface gravity of 1.10 g, and then after generations of adaptation have a group of their descendants settle on a planet with a surface gravity of 1.21 g. By repeating this process over and over again over generations, centuries, and millennia, planets with surface gravities of 1.331 g, 1.4641 g, 1.61051 g, 1.771561 g, etc., can be settled until eventually some absolute upper limit is reached.
Or possibly genetic engineering could be used to modify Earth Humans to be able to survive, be healthy, and function on planets with higher gravity than Earth. If it is a fantasy story some type of magic could modify Earth Humans to live on the planet.
Or maybe the natives of that planet aren't Earth Humans but members of another species that look a lot like humans, except probably being shorter and stockier. And if there aren't any characters from Earth in the story the characters would mostly be described by how they appear to other members of their species and there might not be more than a few subtle clues as to how different from Earth Humans they are.
Another factor to consider is plate tectonics, which are considered to be a factor in making Earth habitable. Many smaller astronomical bodies in our Solar System don't have plate tectonics. So one would think that a planet larger than Earth wouldn't have any problems with insufficient plate tectonics.
But there is an article:
"Exomoon Habitability Constrained by Illumination and Tidal heating" by Rene Heller and Roy Barnes, Astrobiology, January 2013.
In section 2, Habitability of Exomoons, they discuss the mass range necessary for hypothetical exomoons to be habitable in the sixth paragraph:
A minimum mass of an exomoon is required to drive a magnetic shield on a billion-year timescale (Ms≳0.1M⊕; Tachinami et al., 2011); to sustain a substantial, long-lived atmosphere (Ms≳0.12M⊕; Williams et al., 1997; Kaltenegger, 2000); and to drive tectonic activity (Ms≳0.23M⊕; Williams et al., 1997), which is necessary to maintain plate tectonics and to support the carbon-silicate cycle. Weak internal dynamos have been detected in Mercury and Ganymede (Gurnett et al., 1996; Kivelson et al., 1996), suggesting that satellite masses>0.25M⊕ will be adequate for considerations of exomoon habitability. This lower limit, however, is not a fixed number. Further sources of energy—such as radiogenic and tidal heating, and the effect of a moon's composition and structure—can alter the limit in either direction. An upper mass limit is given by the fact that increasing mass leads to high pressures in the planet's interior, which will increase the mantle viscosity and depress heat transfer throughout the mantle as well as in the core. Above a critical mass, the dynamo is strongly suppressed and becomes too weak to generate a magnetic field or sustain plate tectonics. This maximum mass can be placed around 2M⊕ (Gaidos et al., 2010; Noack and Breuer, 2011; Stamenković et al., 2011). Summing up these conditions, we expect approximately Earth-mass moons to be habitable, and these objects could be detectable with the newly started Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK) project (Kipping et al., 2012).
The upper limit of about 2 times the mass of Earth should hold for exoplanets as well as exomoons.
Heller and Barnes give the source for the importance of plate tectonics for habitability as:
Williams D.M. Kasting J.F. Wade R.A. Habitable moons around extrasolar giant planets. Nature. 1997;385:234–236. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Heller and Barnes give the sources for an upper mass limit at about 2 Earth masses as:
Gaidos E. Conrad C.P. Manga M. Hernlund J. Thermodynamics limits on magnetodynamos in rocky exoplanets. Astrophys J. 2010;718:596–609. [Google Scholar]
Noack L. Breuer D. Plate tectonics on Earth-like planets [EPSC-DPS2011-890]. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2011, European Planetary Science Congress and Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society; 2011. [Google Scholar]
Stamenković V. Breuer D. Spohn T. Thermal and transport properties of mantle rock at high pressure: applications to super-Earths. Icarus. 2011;216:572–596. [Google Scholar]
It is possible that the importance of plate tectonics for habitability, and the upper mass limit of about two times the mass of Earth for plate tectonics, are not accepted by all scientists interested in astrobiology, but I have not researched that.
Accepting for the moment that about two times the mass of Earth is an approximate upper limit for planetary plate tectonics and planetary habitability for native lifeforms, the diameter, and thus surface area, of a planet is not solely determined by its mass. The diameter and surface area of a planet is determined by its mass and its overall density.
The overall density of a planet is determined by two factors.
One factor is the normal density of the various elements, compounds, and mixtures that it is made of, averaged. The normal density of those materials is the same density that they have floating around in tiny meteoroids in outer space, or lying on the surface of planets.
The other factor is the degree to which those materials are compressed by vast pressures at various levels in the interior of the planet, thus becoming denser and increasing the overall density of the planet.
Since the cube root of two is approximately 1.25992, a planet with twice the mass of Earth and the same overall density would have about 1.25992 times the radius and diameter of Earth and about 1.5873 times the surface area. Note that in order to have the same overall density as Earth, a planet with twice the mass of Earth would have to have a different composition than Earth, affecting life on the surface in various ways.
Since the strength of gravity depends on the mass and the square of the distance, the surface gravity of a planet with twice the mass of Earth and 1.25992 times the radius would be about 2 divided by 1.5873984, or about 1.2599231 that of Earth.
By decreasing the overall density of your planet you can increase its surface area but there is no doubt a limit to how much you can do so while keeping the planet habitable, or even with a solid surface.
A rapidly rotating planet would be more likely to have an internal dynamo driving plate tectonics, and a rapidly rotating planet would be more oblate, having a somewhat larger surface area and lower gravity at the equator. Earth original rotation rate was slowed down by tidal interactions with the Moon. As far as I know there is a controversy whether a large moon, which would slow down the rotation rate of a planet, is necessary for a planet to be habitable.
And if a writer needs a really vast world, they could set their story on an artificial habitat in space, that has a much greater surface area than any habitable planet, created by a very advanced civilization.
(Added 07-26-2019 arkenstein XII in his answer to this question:
suggests that a superhabitable planet might have a mass of about 2.5 times the mass of Earth, somewhat more than the upper mass limit suggested in my answer, and thus it would have somewhat more surface area than I suggested was the upper limit. I suppose that a supehabitable planet would be more habitable for lifeforms that originated there than for life forms transported from Earth. These kinds of limits are still rather controversial.)
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# Work and energy problems with solutions
Then, we'll learn about forces, momentum, energy, and other concepts in lots of different physical situations. To get the most out of physics, you'll need a solid understanding of algebra and a ...
PDF Holt Physics Problem 5A - PC\|MAC Holt Physics Problem 5A WORK AND ENERGY PROBLEM The largest palace in the world is the Imperial Palace in Beijing, China. Suppose you were to push a lawn mower around the perimeter of a rec-tangular area identical to that of the palace, applying a constant horizon-tal force of 60.0 N. If you did 2.05 ×105 J of work, how far would you have Free SAT II Physics Practice Questions with Solutions Energy ... Sat Physics subject questions on energy, work and power, with detailed solutions, similar to the questions in the SAT test are presented. Answers at the bottom of the page and also detailed solutions and explanations WORK, ENERGY AND POWER WORKSHEET WITH ANSWER by kunletosin246 ... Simple calculations on work, energy and power using simple formulas. Learners will find this resource challenging and helpful. Work and Energy - CliffsNotes Study Guides
## The principle of work and energy cannot be used, in general, to determine forces directed normal to the path, since these forces do no work Note that the principle of work and energy (T 1 + U 1-2 = T 2) is not a vector equation! Each term results in a scalar value Both kinetic energy and work have the same units, that of energy!
Work Energy And Power. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category - Work Energy And Power. Some of the worksheets displayed are Physics work work and energy, Physics work and energy work solutions, Topic 5 work and energy, Name period date, Power work, Physics work and energy work solutions, Work energy problem, Energy work and simple. AP Problem Sets - Physh's Physics - oregonsd Problem Set 4 Solutions: Problem Set 5 - Force and Motion II : Constant Net Force, Central Force : Problem Set 5 Solutions: Problem Set 6 - Work and Kinetic Energy: Constant Net Force, Energy : Problem Set 6 Solutions Problem Set 7 - Potential Energy / Conservation of Energy: Constant Net Force, Energy : Problem Set 7 Solutions Problem Set 8 ... Work Energy Power Problems with Solutions.pdf: AP Physics ... Work Energy Power Problems with Solutions.pdf Download Work Energy Power Problems with Solutions.pdf (497 KB) Equella is a shared content repository that organizations can use to easily track and reuse content.
### Revisiting the work energy theorem The work energy theorem says the total work is equal to the change in KE W net KE 2 KE 1 On the other hand, we have seen that the work due to gravity ONLY DEPENDS ON THE INITIAL AND FINAL POINT OF THEIR PATH, NOT ON THE ACTUAL PATH. These type of forces (of which gravity is one) are called conservative forces.
Work-Energy Principle (Practice Problems) » Spumone
### Energy, Oil & Gas » Industries » Geo-Solutions | Soil and…
Work/energy problem with friction (video) | Khan Academy
## Physics 110 Spring 2006 Work and Energy Problems - Their Solutions 1. A block slides down a curved frictionless tract and then up an incline. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the incline is µk. Using energy methods show that the maximum height reached by the block is max 1 µcotθ k h y + = .
This page contains solved examples on Work energy and power explaining about ... Solution 5 As shown in fgure,the height attained by the bob when the string ... Problems latex2html id marker 1073 \$\fbox{\bf PROBLEM \thechapter.\ ... from which it is dropped if it strikes the ground at 50 miles per hour (neglect air resistance). Solution: a) ... Use the work energy theorem to find the distance the object travels before ... Chapter 4 work, energy and power - SlideShare
You will evaluate the risks associated with environmental problems and examine alternative solutions in virtual labs.The goal of AP Environmental Science is to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts, and methodologies…
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# Questions on Moments
Q7.The diagram shows the girl and her father on a see-saw.
(i) Calculate the moment of the girl. Show clearly how you work out your answer.
(3 marks)
(ii) What must her father do to increase his moment?
(1 mark)
(b) Five people take it in turns to sit on a see-saw.
The table gives the weight of each person.
Person weight/ N Jack 510 Ellie 540 Rosie 490 Maggy 540 Andy 560
(a) Andy sits at one end, but there is nobody on the other end.
In which direction does his end of the see-saw move?
(1 mark)
(b) Which two people in the table above could make the see-saw balance?
(1 mark)
(c) Rosie sits on end A, and Jack sits on end B.
They lift their feet. Describe what happens to each end of the see-saw.
(1 mark)
(d) Ellie sits on end A, and another of the group sits on end B. Ellie's end stays down. Who could be on end B?
(1 mark)
(Total 8 marks)
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07au366finalprsolutions
# 07au366finalprsolutions - Solutions to Selected Math 366...
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Unformatted text preview: Solutions to Selected Math 366 Final Exam Practice Problems Autumn 2005 1. Each of the following statements has one of the forms ∼ p p ∧ q p ∨ q p → q p ↔ q Find the appropriate form and indicate what each statement variable in your choice represents. (a) If Archibald passes the first exam, then he will not drop the course. Solution. The statement has form p → q where p = ”Archibald passes the first exam.” q = ”Archibald will not drop the course.” 2. Use truth tables to verify each of the following logical equivalences. (a) p ∨ ( ∼ p ∧ q ) ≡ p ∨ q Solution. p q ∼ p ∼ p ∧ q p ∨ ( ∼ p ∧ q ) p ∨ q T T F F T T T F F F T T F T T T T T F F T F F F Since p ∨ ( ∼ p ∧ q ) and p ∨ q have the same truth table, p ∨ ( ∼ p ∧ q ) ≡ p ∨ q . 3. Show that each of the following arguments has a valid argument form by exhibiting such a form. Explain what each statement variable in your form represents. (b) If Christine intends to go to the party, then John will also. John is not intending to go to the party. Therefore, Christine is not intending to go to the party. Solution. The argument has the form p → q ∼ q . . . ∼ q where p = ”Christine intends to go to the party.” q = ”John will go to the party.” This form is valid since it is an instance of Modus Tolens. 4. Determine which of the following argument forms are valid and which are not. Justify your answers. If the form is valid, verify that it is by two methods: truth tables and step by step derivations using theorem 1.1.1 and table 1.3.1 from the text. 1 (b) p → ( q → r ) ∼ r p . . . ∼ q Solution. Premises: p → ( q → r ) ∼ r p 1. p → ( q → r ) premise p premise . . . q → r by MP 2. q → r from 1 ∼ r premise . . . ∼ q by MT 5. Find a Boolean expression which has the following I/O table. P Q R ouput 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The recognizers for the rows with output 1 are P ∧ Q ∧ R , P ∧ ∼ Q ∧ ∼ R and ∼ P ∧ ∼ Q ∧ R . Therefore, ( P ∧ Q ∧ R ) ∨ ( P ∧ ∼ Q ∧ ∼ R ) ∨ ( ∼ P ∧ ∼ Q ∧ R ) has the above I/O table....
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## This note was uploaded on 07/17/2008 for the course MATH 366 taught by Professor Joshua during the Winter '08 term at Ohio State.
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MATLAB Examples
# besselzero
besselzero calculates the zeros of Bessel function of the first and second kind
```x = besselzero(n)
x = besselzero(n, k)
x = besselzero(n, k, kind)
```
## Inputs
• n - The order of the bessel function. n can be a scalar, vector, or matrix. n can be positive, negative, fractional, or any combinaiton. abs(n) must be less than or equal to 146222.16674537213 and 370030.762407380 for first and second kind respectively.
• k - The number of postive zeros to calculate. When k is not supplied, k = 5 is the default. k must be a scalar.
• kind - kind is either 1 or 2. When kind is not supplied, default is kind = 1.
## Outputs
• x - The calculated zeros. size(x) = [size(n) k].
## Description
besselzero calculates the first k positive zeros of nth order bessel function of the first or second kind. Note, that x=0 is not included as the first zero.
## Algorithm
the first three roots of any order bessel can be approximated by a simple equations. These equations were generated using a least squares fit of the roots from orders of n=0:10000. The approximation is used to start the iteration of Halley's method. The 4th and higher roots can be approximated by understanding the roots are regularly spaced for a given order. Once the 2nd and 3rd roots are found, the spacing can be approximated by the distance between the 2nd and 3rd root. Then again Halley's method can be applied to precisely locate the root.
Because the algorithm depends on good guesses of the first three zeros, if the guess is to far away then Halley's method will converge to the wrong zero which will subsequently cause any other zero to be incorrectly located. Therefore, a limit is put on abs(n) of 146222.16674537213 and 370030.762407380 for first and second kind respectively. If n is specified above these limits, then an error is thrown.
## Example
```n = (1:2)'; k = 10; kind = 1; z = besselzero(n, k, kind); x = linspace(0, z(end), 1000); y = nan(2, length(x)); y(1,:) = besselj(n(1), x); y(2,:) = besselj(n(2), x); nz = nan(size(z)); nz(1,:) = besselj(n(1), z(1,:)); nz(2,:) = besselj(n(2), z(2,:)); plot(x, y, z, nz,'kx') ```
## Authorship
Originally written by Written by: Greg von Winckel - 01/25/05 Contact: gregvw(at)chtm(dot)unm(dot)edu
Modified, Improved, and Documented by Jason Nicholson 2014-Nov-06
## Change Log
• Original release. 2005-Jan-25, Greg von Winckel.
• Updated Documentation and commented algorithm. Fixed bug in finding the the first zero of the bessel function of the second kind. Improved speed by factor of 20. 2014-Nov-06, Jason Nicholson.
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# decimal to hex, hex to decimal
Status
Not open for further replies.
#### Curfew
##### Member
Anyone know the easy way again at converting a motorola Hex to a decimal. Thanks.
Last edited:
#### DickH
##### Member
Curfew said:
Anyone know the easy way again at converting a motorola Hex to a decimal. Thanks.
Without going on line your own computer can do it.
START > ALL PROGRAMS > ACCESSORIES > CALCULATOR > VIEW > SCIENTIFIC.
Select HEX or DEC, enter the number, then select the other (HEX or DEC).
D
#### DaveNF2G
##### Guest
That will convert hex to decimal, but it won't provide properly formatted Motorola IDs.
#### rescue161
##### KE4FHH
Database Admin
Sure it will. All you have to do is drop the last zero off the end.
2224 Dec = 8B0 in Hex (Windows Calculator) = 8B Hex in Motorola
#### joetnymedic
##### Member
Feed Provider
hey rescue whats up with that other saber???lol
Joe
D
#### DaveNF2G
##### Guest
rescue161 said:
Sure it will. All you have to do is drop the last zero off the end.
2224 Dec = 8B0 in Hex (Windows Calculator) = 8B Hex in Motorola
You're forgetting the prefixes, 7 and some zeroes for RID and 8 and some zeroes for GID, I think.
#### rescue161
##### KE4FHH
Database Admin
DaveNF2G said:
You're forgetting the prefixes, 7 and some zeroes for RID and 8 and some zeroes for GID, I think.
Those are for the Maxtrac and Systems Saber. The newer line of radios is just Hex. But yeah, I see what you mean.
edit: I just checked on a Systems Saber codeplug here and the 800000 number you're referring to is the dec equivalent (last set of numbers). So in my case one of our talk groups is 800911 which would be 911 in Dec and 38F in Hex. The Systems Saber RSS shows both hex and dec.
Last edited:
#### rescue161
##### KE4FHH
Database Admin
joetnymedic said:
hey rescue whats up with that other saber???lol
Joe
I think I have two more Systems Sabers that are 438-470. Why, you want both of them? :wink:
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Ratio Problems Worksheet
Solve.If the problem asks for a ratio, give it in simplified form.
1 a. A herd of 78 horses has 33 white and some black horses. What is the ratio of white to black horses?
2 a. A gardening club has 52 members, of which 4 are males and the rest are females. What is the ratio of females to males?
3 a. A swimming club has 89 members, of which 13 are males and the rest are females. What is the ratio of females to males?
4 a. Caleb drew 67 hearts, 3 stars, and 8 circles. What is the ratio of stars to hearts to circles?
5 a. A gardening club has 83 members, of which 26 are males and the rest are females. What is the ratio of females to males?
6 a. A herd of 64 horses has 23 white and some black horses. What is the ratio of white to black horses?
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Hotline Miami
### Hotline Miami
View Stats:
Fuzzball Aug 13, 2013 @ 4:16am
How does the scoring system work?
I've thorughly enjoyed this game and have completed a lot of it, getting A+ ranks on several chapters. But I've realised I have no idea how the scoring system in this game actually works! I have a few questions:
1) Are points and letter grade actually related? It might seem like a dumb question, but after you finish a chapter, you get one screen that shows your point breakdown, then a separate screen that lists a bunch of other factors (e.g. "Exposure" and combos) before giving you a grade (e.g. A-). From the way it's presented, it looks like your letter grade is completely separate from points and only determined from those other factors on the second screen. I take it though this is not the case and points ARE used to determine your grade?
2) Why does the points result screen always show your score out of a fixed total that is lower than the score you've reached? The denominator number clearly isn't the maximum amount of points you can get on that level.
3) What do the different scoring categories mean? On the points page it lists (if I remember correctly): Killings, Boldness, Combos, Time Bonus, Flexibility, Mobility. The next screen then gives a long list of things like "Exposure", "Execution" and "4x Combo"; I'm guessing those are all the individual actions you did in the level? Again I'm wondering what each of these actions mean and if they're separate from your actual score or part of calculating it.
Hope I'm clear and can finally get some answers!
Skymirrh Aug 13, 2013 @ 6:29am
CAUTION: All the information written down here, I've gathered empirically. Although I think I've got most of it right (and actually have some good rankings in the leaderboards thanks to this understanding), I may still be wrong, so please don't hesitate to correct me :)
Originally posted by Fuzzball:
1) Are points and letter grade actually related? It might seem like a dumb question, but after you finish a chapter, you get one screen that shows your point breakdown, then a separate screen that lists a bunch of other factors (e.g. "Exposure" and combos) before giving you a grade (e.g. A-). From the way it's presented, it looks like your letter grade is completely separate from points and only determined from those other factors on the second screen. I take it though this is not the case and points ARE used to determine your grade?
Unless I am mistaken, only points matter: a certain amount of points => a certain grade, and so far I don't think I've seen a counter-example. I'll answer the other parts of your question in the answer to 3).
Originally posted by Fuzzball:
2) Why does the points result screen always show your score out of a fixed total that is lower than the score you've reached? The denominator number clearly isn't the maximum amount of points you can get on that level.
The "fixed total that is lower than the score you've reached" isn't actually always lower (even though it's not that hard to always be higher). It is the minimum required to unlock the mask tied to that specific level (it means: "not the masks you pick up in-game"). And I may be wrong here but I think this "minimum score" corresponds to a C- rating, which would mean you have to do C- or above to get the mask of a level.
Originally posted by Fuzzball:
3) What do the different scoring categories mean? On the points page it lists (if I remember correctly): Killings, Boldness, Combos, Time Bonus, Flexibility, Mobility. The next screen then gives a long list of things like "Exposure", "Execution" and "4x Combo"; I'm guessing those are all the individual actions you did in the level? Again I'm wondering what each of these actions mean and if they're separate from your actual score or part of calculating it.
You guessed right, the second screen is a just a recap of what you did in the level. Those "individual actions" are then aggregated to make your actual score, so no, they're neither separate from your actual score nor a part of calculating it: they're the score itself.
What is confusing is they show you first the aggregation and then the individual atoms, whereas it could have been arguably more sensible to show the individual actions first and how they mix to form your score.
Let's have an example. Say we have a level with a single mob. He stands in the middle of a room too far away for you to knock him down using the door. You are unarmed. You push the door, he sees you, you knock him down (1000 points), and execute him with your bare hands (600 points).
What happened here? The individual action/second screen will show ONE exposure and ONE execution. Exposure means one or more mobs saw you while you were knocking down or executing someone. Here the mob saw you coming at him with your bare hands, so you get one exposure. This Exposure individual action, and the other Exposures if applicable, get aggregated in the "Boldness" score factor shown on the first screen, so it will display "1000". The Execution individual factors get aggregated in the "Killing" score factor, which will display "600". Here there was no combo in the second screen so "Combos" will be "0". We won't take "Time Bonus" into account. "Flexibility" is "0" because there was no weapon involved. And we won't take "Mobility" into account either.
• Second screen: the individual actions, broken down into single elements (atoms).
• First screen: the score, which is calculated based on a set of molecules ("Killings", "Boldness", "Combos"), themselves built upon atoms from the second screen. The score is also based on other things NOT coming from the second screen, namely "Time Bonus", "Flexibility" and "Mobility".
See the concept? Good. Now let's dive into the mechanics.
Atoms from the Second Screen
• Exposure (also "Double Exposure", "Triple Exposure", "Severe Exposure" and "Big Balls"): this happens when you are seen by respectively 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5+ enemies while you knock down someone or execute someone. And not normal killing. Normal kills always grant a flat amount of points, whereas knocking down and executing have both a flat amount and a scaling factor depending on how many enemies saw you do it!
• Nx Combo (where "N" is a number): this one is straightforward, if you got a 17x Combo, it will be displayed here. Note that combos are one of the easiest ways to achieve A+ on every level.
• Execution: also straightforward, means you executed someone in any way. When scoring, always try to execute, it doubles your score if you do it for each enemy.
• Door Slam: straightforward. I don't know very well how Door Slams work since I'm not a fan of them, so share your experiences. Do they have a scaling factor like knockdowns (600 + exposure)? Or do they always grant a flat amount (600)? Note that using the Don Juan mask, Door Slams grant 2,200 instead of the regular 600.
• Sharp Shooter: means you shot someone out of your "regular" view (= without Shift). You usually get this when using Shift to snipe someone far away. I don't know very well how many points it gives.
• Projectile Kill: you get this when you kill someone using a thrown weapon (brick, anyone...?).
I may have forgotten other "atoms", please do add them if you found some :)
Trivia: you can get a "Play Style" displayed at the top of this screen, depending on how you behaved. Things like "Combo Trainee" or "Executioner" are usually indicating you're doing a good job at scoring :D
Scoring factors from the First Screen
In the following, references to "Atoms from the Second Screen" will always have a capital first letter. Remember: the first three scoring factors are based on actions described in the second screen. The other half is not.
• Killings: normal kills, Executions, Sharp Shooters, and Projectile Kills go in here.
• Boldness: knockdowns, Exposure and Door Slam go in here.
• Combos: Captain Obvious o7
• Time Bonus: The faster you completed the level, the higher the time bonus.
• Flexibility: Switching weapons as often as possible maximizes flexibility.
• Mobility: Constantly being on the move grants you good mobility scores. Staying still and thinking about what you've done is not good for your mental health anyway, sooo DON'T. STOP. ME NOW. Don't stop me now, 'cause I'm having a good time...! (sorry, had to do it :D)
How to get better at scoring
Just reading the above explanation should be sufficient, but I'll narrow it to some "choke points" I recommend you try to work on and improve, as it worked for me :)
The following list is organized by order of magnitude. The first point is more important than the second, which is more important than the following, etc. I suggest you try to improve each point one by one and once satisfied with your current skill, to carry on to the next point.
• Combos: good combos usually are the best way to score. The obvious reason is they give a tremendous amount of points when done right. The less obvious reasons is that getting good combos require to master intuitively most of the points of this list (except going bare handed and doing executions), because you have to expose yourself to do combos (Exposure), move fast (Time Bonus/Mobility), weapon switch fast (Time Bonus/Flexibility), and kill people from afar to keep the combo running (Time Bonus/Sharp Shooter). Do note that you can and should try to keep your combo running between stages of a same level. Tip: use and abuse weapon throws to keep the combo running when you're too far away from an enemy to take him down immediately. Knocking down with fists/weapon throws or door slamming will reset the combo timer. Killing or executing someone resets the combo timer and gives you a larger combo window than just knocking down.
• Go Unarmed: going in with your bare hands will grant you a net bonus, as you get 600 points when knocking down an enemy unseen, and +400 per enemy seeing you while you do it (including the knocked guy itself, so always wait for the guy to see you before knocking him down). Going unarmed also forces you to execute, which is good (see below). Side effect: you'll probably be very versatile (see below), so you'll have bonus Flexibility.
• Executions: Regular killing is not enough. To get highscores, you have to enjoy hurting other people. Executions with your bare hands/against the walls will give you 600 points (+400 per enemy seeing you). Executions with melee/thrown weapons will give you 1000 points (+400 per enemy seeing you) (and sometimes extra points for special weapons such as the Broken Pool Cue or the Drill). When possible, always go for armed executions as they grant you more points AND usually are faster to perform. This effectively doubles your score cause you have to go unarmed first (and get at least 600 for the knock down) and then execute (at least 600, most often 1000). Beware though: it is better to keep your combo running than to execute someone (unless it's the last guy of the level, of course). Keep in mind some executions are quite long to perform and could break your combo even if you killed a guy just before and use the Zack mask, so when combo-ing, avoid Machete and Pool Cue executions (there may be more "slow" executions, tell me if you find them).
• Grow Balls: no matter if you're a girl or a boy. In this game you're Jacket, and Jacket must have balls to get highscores (see "Big Balls" in "Atoms"). Knocking down an enemy with your bare hands while 5 enemies see you (4 other + the target) will grant you 2600 points. Think Stallone when you play. And if, after years of intensive practice, you can think of yourself as Stallone, then by all means do Executions while other enemies see you. You'll get Execution and Exposure AT THE SAME TIME. Now, that's some balls.
• Be Versatile: switch of weapon often to get a good Flexibility score. Easiest way to do this is to try and go barehanded to knock down enemies, and execute them with as many melee weapons possible, switching between each execution.
• Move Fast: the faster you go, the higher the Time Bonus will be. Plus, Mobility scales with how you move in-game.
I think that's it.
• Zack (Frog): Longer combo window. 'Nuff said. Probably the best mask to score.
• Don Juan (Horse): 2,200 points per Door Slam is a very good asset in tiny levels (you lose the execution points but it's still better), where you can keep the combo running without using Zack.
• Brandon (Panther), and alternatively Graham (Rabbit): walking faster is a viable alternative to Zack when trying to keep the combo running. By all means try it, you may be surprised, I assure you :)
• Carl (Grasshopper): used to give tremendously high amounts of point when executing using the drill, but now it only gives 1100 points per execution. Still can be used in tiny levels where you can keep the combo running without Zack and want to have a little extra on executions (although I think Don Juan have better score outputs than Carl).
Now it should be good :D
Hope that helps, and don't hesitate to correct me if I'm wrong :)
Last edited by Skymirrh; Aug 29, 2013 @ 1:53am
Fuzzball Aug 14, 2013 @ 12:03pm
Thank you very much, Skymirrh! That's an amazingly well explained and laid out post! You are an excellent person and I wish there were more like you. :)
Skymirrh Aug 14, 2013 @ 12:34pm
Glad to hear you liked it mate :)
Severstarr Aug 14, 2013 @ 2:45pm
I was originally going to suggest this guide, but there's not much point now; Skymirrh seems to have covered everything [even more] thoroughly. Here it is, if you want to compare, anyway.
http://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=161855564
Also, I could be wrong, but I'm not entirely sure if score and your letter grade are directly proportional.
I've played a few levels in the past, where I got a higher score than before, but a lower grade.
Although, now that I think about it, I think all of those cases happened before I joined the Beta, so that could potentially be related.
Skymirrh Aug 14, 2013 @ 4:01pm
Originally posted by Severstarr:
I've played a few levels in the past, where I got a higher score than before, but a lower grade.
Although, now that I think about it, I think all of those cases happened before I joined the Beta, so that could potentially be related.
I don't think they changed the way grading works in the beta. If that's true (and it's entirely possible, I have not made a thorough examination of grading system because one can almost always get A+ with practice ^^'), then we'd need to explain which elements are taken into account for grading.
Last edited by Skymirrh; Nov 13, 2013 @ 4:45am
One Munch Pan Jan 12, 2015 @ 11:43pm
Hey! I have a theory but I might be wrong - do you have to score exactly twice the denominator or above during the first score screen to get an A+? It seemed that way to me when I was going for the "Get A Life" achievement!
Skymirrh Jan 13, 2015 @ 4:11am
What do you mean by "twice the denominator"?
a. Mar 5, 2015 @ 2:48am
Originally posted by Skymirrh:
What do you mean by "twice the denominator"?
I think he means twice the first high score, so if you get 30000 points the first time you need to get 60000 points the next time.
a. Mar 5, 2015 @ 2:54am
There's something i wonder. Is there any scale for how many points you need on any one level in order to get A+? I played through Hot&Heavy trying to get A+ (which was a major pain in the♥♥♥♥♥ I got around 70000 points but my score was a B+ (or an A- can't remember) So do i have to reach a certain score or do i need to improve my general stats?
Skymirrh Mar 5, 2015 @ 3:03am
Originally posted by -S-:
I think he means twice the first high score, so if you get 30000 points the first time you need to get 60000 points the next time.
Not needed.
Originally posted by -S-:
There's something i wonder. Is there any scale for how many points you need on any one level in order to get A+? I played through Hot&Heavy trying to get A+ (which was a major pain in the♥♥♥♥♥ I got around 70000 points but my score was a B+ (or an A- can't remember) So do i have to reach a certain score or do i need to improve my general stats?
Yes. Each level has its own ranking thresholds. The later levels obviously expect you to get a much higher score, and levels with more enemies expect you to get bigger combos.
For Hot & Heavy, get a full combo on first stage and carry it with you into the second stage: if you do it right it's not too hard to get a 20+ combo for an easy A+ ;)
Jackie Threehorn May 29, 2015 @ 12:36am
thanks
One Munch Pan Jun 19, 2015 @ 8:01am
Originally posted by Skymirrh:
What do you mean by "twice the denominator"?
OMG I'm so sorry - I haven't been checking my steam messages haha
When your score is given at the end of a level it will be / something right? For e.g. 7900/5000
So it seems like to get an A+ you need to score double the denominator (10,000 in this case)
That's what I noticed on my playthrough at least!
Skymirrh Jun 22, 2015 @ 9:26am
Just LOL, dude! This is like 2 years old :D
You may be right, I'm not too sure about that, and honestly I won't bother testing it out because it's frankly not that hard to get A+ when you try to score properly.
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Drawing a binary fractal tree
A binary fractal tree is defined recursively by binary branching. Typically, it consists of a trunk of length `1`, which splits into two branches of decreasing or equal length, each of which makes an angle Q with the direction of the trunk. Furthermore, both of these branches are divided into two branches, each making an angle Q with the direction of its parent branch, and so on. Continuing in this way, we can infinitely make branches, and the collective diagram is called a fractal tree. The following diagram visually shows what such a fractal tree might look like:
Now, let's move on to the code and take a look at how ...
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# PBC problem with oriented lattice
Hi all,
When I minimize FCC lattice it takes 1 or 2 steps as expected, for there is nothing to minimize (perfect lattice, 1 type of metal atoms).
So far so good.
But when I set the lattice to be oriented then things get abnormal - LAMMPS execute about 1000 steps of minimization and the animation confirms a lot of movement.
The only difference between the two is this line:
lattice fcc \${latparam} orient x 1 1 0 orient y -1 1 1 orient z 1 -1 2
Also, the 0 frame confirms from all angles that the new orientation is fine. Data shows that new lattice spacings are fine as well.
The model is 3d periodic.
Would love to understand what’s wrong.
P.S: Centrosymmetry data/visuals shows on the 0th frame a lots of atoms not in place with quaint patterns (at the facets only), and when coloring this frame with potential energy data there are ordered patterns, again on the facets only.
Hi all,
When I minimize FCC lattice it takes 1 or 2 steps as expected, for there is
nothing to minimize (perfect lattice, 1 type of metal atoms).
So far so good.
But when I set the lattice to be oriented then things get abnormal - LAMMPS
execute about 1000 steps of minimization and the animation confirms a lot of
movement.
The only difference between the two is this line:
lattice fcc \${latparam} orient x 1 1 0 orient y -1 1 1 orient z 1 -1 2
Also, the 0 frame confirms from all angles that the new orientation is fine.
Data shows that new lattice spacings are fine as well.
The model is 3d periodic.
Would love to understand what's wrong.
your system may not be properly periodic in z-direction.
at least that is what i see, if i add the orient commands
to the melt example, output the initial coordinates and
visualize it.
axel.
Hi Axel,
How is that possible? I’m afraid I don’t understand. Boundary command is set to “p p p”, and the vectors I wrote in the lattice command are orthogonal and obey to right hand rule. Under these conditions, I can’t see why would LAMMPS treat the box as non periodic in any direction?
thanks,
Eyal.
I agree with Axel. best solution is to visualize the simulation. I
would think that it is very easy to mess up the periodic boundary
conditions when you rotate a lattice.
If you are able to view your system in VMD, then in VMD you can use
the Graphics->Representations menu and click on the "Periodic" tab.
In VMD, you can also select the Extensions->TkConsole menu and type in
"pbc box".
Alright, fixed it.
There were two problems:
1. I didn’t set the box dimensions exactly as a multiple of the spacings in each direction. That caused a placement of atoms too near to end facets.
2. I used style region instead of box in the create atoms command.
Thank you anyway!
Alright, fixed it.
There were two problems:
1. I didn't set the box dimensions exactly as a multiple of the spacings in
each direction. That caused a placement of atoms too near to end facets.
which has nothing to do with the problems that i quoted
in the melt example, since that uses not absolute dimensions
but lattice vectors to define the box. the problem is that the
periodicity of the superstructure resulting from the tilting of the
lattice has to be a divisor of the box dimension.
that is for using your lattice orientation on the melt example,
the facet in z-direction requires a periodicity of 3a,
i.e. switching the box definition to
region box block 0 9 0 9 0 9
results in a proper periodic continuation. for the other facets
only
2. I used style region instead of box in the create atoms command.
this makes no sense. the result should be the same.
if it is *not* the same, you have placed your box/region
boundaries exactly on lattice points, which makes
atom placement subject to rounding errors. for style
box, this is avoided; for style region it is not. in any case,
it is *highly* recommended to slightly shift to box/region
boundaries, to avoid any ambiguity at all. for instance,
in the melt example, you can define the region box without
a problem as:
region box block 0.1 10.1 0.1 10.1 0.1 10.1
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Diophantine $x^p+y^q=(x+y)^r$ - MathOverflow most recent 30 from http://mathoverflow.net 2013-05-18T13:35:01Z http://mathoverflow.net/feeds/question/77022 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/rdf http://mathoverflow.net/questions/77022/diophantine-xpyqxyr Diophantine $x^p+y^q=(x+y)^r$ joro 2011-10-03T08:23:38Z 2011-10-03T08:23:38Z <p>Is the equation: $$x^p+y^q=(x+y)^r$$</p> <p>in integers $x,y,z,p,q,r$ with $p \geq 2,q \geq 2, r \geq 2$ complete solved?</p> <p>For $(p,q,r)=(n,n,n+1)$ a parametrization is $t=1-s$ and $t(s^n+t^n),s(s^n+t^n),s^n+t^n$</p> <p>For $(n,n,n-1)$ a <strong>rational</strong> parametrization is $t=1-s$ and $\frac{t}{s^n+t^n},\frac{s}{s^n+t^n},\frac{1}{s^n+t^n}$</p> <p>$(3,3,5)$ defines genus $0$ curve with small solutions ${(104, -91, 13),(19005, -18824, 181)}$</p> <p>Some cases with genus $\leq 1$:</p> <pre><code>3 3 5 genus= 0 x^4 + 4*x^3*y + 6*x^2*y^2 + 4*x*y^3 + y^4 - x^2 + x*y - y^2 3 5 5 genus= 1 x^4 + 5*x^3*y + 10*x^2*y^2 + 10*x*y^3 + 5*y^4 - x^2 3 3 7 genus= 1 x^6 + 6*x^5*y + 15*x^4*y^2 + 20*x^3*y^3 + 15*x^2*y^4 + 6*x*y^5 + y^6 - x^2 + x*y - y^2 4 2 2 genus= 0 -x^3 + x + 2*y 4 3 4 genus= 0 4*x^3 + 6*x^2*y + 4*x*y^2 + y^3 - y^2 4 4 6 genus= 1 x^6 + 6*x^5*y + 15*x^4*y^2 + 20*x^3*y^3 + 15*x^2*y^4 + 6*x*y^5 + y^6 - x^4 - y^4 5 2 2 genus= 0 -x^4 + x + 2*y 5 5 7 genus= 1 x^6 + 6*x^5*y + 15*x^4*y^2 + 20*x^3*y^3 + 15*x^2*y^4 + 6*x*y^5 + y^6 - x^4 + x^3*y - x^2*y^2 + x*y^3 - y^4 6 2 2 genus= 0 -x^5 + x + 2*y 7 3 3 genus= 1 -x^6 + x^2 + 3*x*y + 3*y^2 7 4 4 genus= 1 -x^6 + x^3 + 4*x^2*y + 6*x*y^2 + 4*y^3 7 2 2 genus= 0 -x^6 + x + 2*y </code></pre> <p>The $(7,4,4)$ elliptic curve is of rank $1$.</p>
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# Position A docx
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Position A: Probability sampling represents the best strategy for selecting research participants.
Restatement of your assigned position on sampling
strategies:
Probability sampling maybe the best way to select research
participants when researching a large population.
Explain why this position is the best strategy for selecting research
participants. Support your explanation with an example and support
from the scholarly literature.
Probability sampling allows researchers to randomly select
participants from a specific population. Researchers use
probability sampling based on underlying theoretical
distributions of observations, or sampling distributions, the best
known of which is the normal curve. (Teddlie, C., & Yu, F.
(2007). This gives every individual in that population the same
chance of being selected, and the results will be a real
representation of that population. As Elifil and Negida (2017)
stated that samples which were selected using probability
sampling methods are more representatives of the target
population. The different types of probability sampling (Random
sampling, Stratified sampling, Cluster sampling, and Sampling
using multiple probability techniques). (Teddlie, C., & Yu, F.
(2007). These types of probability sampling vary in the selection
and categorization of the sample size, selection methods, and
sometimes combining sampling methods.
Select a data collection method (e.g., surveys, interviews, observations)
and briefly explain at least one strength and at least one limitation.
Then, identify a potential ethical issue with this method and describe a
Surveys a data collection method used mostly in the form of
questionnaires, to gather information from participants. The
strengths of the survey method are that it can be easy and fast to
conduct and collect. The limitation of surveys maybe inability to
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Position A: Probability sampling represents the best strategy for selecting research participants. Restatement of your assigned position on sampling strategies: Probability sampling maybe the best way to select research participants when researching a large population. Explain why this position is the best strategy for selecting research participants. Support your explanation with an example and support from the scholarly literature. Probability sampling allows researchers to randomly select participants from a specific population. Researchers use probability sampling based on underlying th ...
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# Throwback Thursday – Favorite Magazine for Teaching: More 20-day blogging challenge
Going through our archives, we came across this great post by Dr. AnnMaria De Mars from March 29, 2014 “Favorite Magazine for Teaching: More 20-day blogging challenge that we wanted to share in case you missed it the first time around.
So, this is day 13 of the 20 day blogging challenge, and I skipped over day 12 (although I may go back to it). The prompt was
“Tell about a favorite book to share or teach. Provide at least one example of an extension or cross-curricular lesson.”
My favorite resource is not actually a book, it is a magazine, Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, published by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. One of my favorite parts of the magazine is the Palette of Problems section, which is a bit odd because often I find myself thinking … this problem has no point, for example,
“How many birth dates in a century have the property that the sum of the month and the day equal the value of the last two digits of the birth year?”
I do realize that some students will be interested just in the challenge of solving a problem. However, for many students, the apparent lack of application can be very de-motivating. Most of the problems, though, can be adopted to our games with really simple modifications or may just give me ideas for a problem that would fit right in. For example, this is an extension of a problem in this month’s issue
Zoongey Gniw is looking for a wife. He is from the Catfish clan and people from the same clan are not allowed to marry. His uncles are going to trade with two different bands. In the first band, 12% are from the Marten clan, 20% from the Crane clan, 64% from the Bear and Loon clans and the rest from the Catfish clan. His other uncle is going to trade with a band where 11% are from the Catfish clan. It is going to be a hard decision which uncle to accompany, says his father.
Not at all, says Zoongey Gniw, and he steps over to the first uncle. How did he decide?
This fits perfectly in our game. There is a video clip on clans, narrated by the inimitable Debbie Gourneau from Turtle Mountain. The prohibition on marrying within clans is historically accurate. As far as the interest of our students today, not only are many of them from tribes that have the clan system described, but they are also, like most middle school students, interested in the opposite sex, having a boyfriend or girlfriend, so the topic is inherently interesting.
I like this magazine, and I call it that deliberately, rather than an academic journal. All of the journals I read and nearly all of the academic texts talk in theory about what needs to be done and why but not nearly enough on how to effectively do it, whether the topic is teaching mathematics or running a company. Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School is all about how to do things.
When I was in graduate school, it was common for professors to mock teachers who “aren’t interested in anything longer-range or deeper than what am I going to do on Monday.”
That’s the attitude you have the luxury of having if you don’t have to actually show up and teach on Monday.
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Calc11_1 HypFunc
# Calc11_1 HypFunc - A.P Calculus Hyperbolic Functions Greg...
• Notes
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Hyperbolic Functions A.P. Calculus: Greg Kelly, Hanford High School, Richland, Washington
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Consider the following two functions: 2 2 x x x x e e e e y y - - - + = = These functions show up frequently enough that they have been given names.
2 2 x x x x e e e e y y - - - + = = The behavior of these functions shows such remarkable parallels to trig functions, that they have been given similar names.
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Hyperbolic Sine: ( 29 sinh 2 x x e e x - - = (pronounced “cinch x”) Hyperbolic Cosine: (pronounced “kosh x”) ( 29 cosh 2 x x e e x - + =
Hyperbolic Tangent: ( 29 ( 29 ( 29 sinh tanh cosh x x x x x e e x x e e - - - = = + “tansh (x)” Hyperbolic Cotangent: ( 29 ( 29 ( 29 cosh coth sinh x x x x x e e x x e e - - + = = - “cotansh (x)” Hyperbolic Secant: ( 29 ( 29 1 2 sech cosh x x x x e e - = = + “sech (x)” Hyperbolic Cosecant: ( 29 ( 29 1 2 csch sinh x x x x e e - = = - “cosech (x)”
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First, an easy one: Now, if we have “trig-like” functions, it follows that we will have “trig-like” identities.
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Analysis of a Vise-Grip Charles Hunter AME40423 Mechanisms and Machines September 22, 2010 Abstract The purpose of this project was to analyze the tool know as a vise-grip. A skeleton diagram was developed and the degrees of freedom, F, and mobility, M, numbers were calculated using Gruebler’s Criterion. A force analysis of the system was performed in order to determine how and why clamping occurs.
1 Engineering Analysis There is only one equation required to analyze the vise-grip in order to determine the degrees of freedom. Gruebler’s Criterion to compute the degrees of freedom is, (
)
( )
(1)
where N is the number of links, P1 is the number of P1 contacts (joints which allow 1 degrees of freedom of relative motion between connected bodies), and P2 is the number of P2 contacts (joints which allow 2 degrees of freedom of relative motion between connected bodies) on the mechanism.
The mobility of the vise-grip cannot be found using an equation. The analysis for the mobility was found through observation. The mobility number is equal to the minimum number of links which need to be grounded in order for the mechanism to be considered a structure. In order to explain how the vise-grip “clamps� onto objects a free body diagram was developed equilibrium equations were analyzed. Also equations for a four-bar mechanism whose coupler is driven by force were re-derived.
2 Results 2.1 Skeleton Diagram The vise-grip is a tool consisting of four links. The skeleton diagram of the tool shows a four-bar kinematic chain (Figure 1). The input link is the coupler, which is also the shortest. The overall mechanism is a rocker-rocker. In the diagram, N is 4 and P1 is also 4. An assumption was made when determining the number of P1 contacts. Link D is not a pin joint, it is actually two planer tips that contact each other at the end of the screw. Therefore the P1 contact is two P2 contacts. This does not affect the calculations of F or M and the mechanism is still considered a four-bar because one P1 contact is equivalent to two P2 contacts. Plugging these values into equation 1 gives a degrees of freedom, F, value of 1. By inspection, the vise-grip has a M value of 1 as well.
Figure 1: Skeleton Diagram of Vise-Grip Mechanism
The force, F, acting normal to the extension of Input 3 at a distance, L, produces a torque, T2, counterclockwise about link A. The angle between link 2 and link 3 is Ď•, and the angle between link 3 and link 4 is Îź.
2.2 Equilibrium Figure 2 shows the free body diagram for the vice-grip. Equilibrium conditions exist when the forces in the X and Y directions and moments in the Z direction are in equilibrium. This is achieved when the forces at A and B of Output 2 are set to be equal and opposite of one another. The link between C and D is always in equilibrium since it is a two-force member. The
last remaining equilibrium conditions are; moment equilibrium in the Z direction for Input 4 and Input 3, and force equilibrium in the X and Y directions for Input 3. The force, F, may be solved for using the following equations when T2 is known. Equilibrium of Input 3: ∑
(
)
( )
(2)
where Fx is the force in the X direction, F4 is the force through link 4, and
is the force through
joint B in the X direction. ∑
(
where Fy is the force in the Y direction and ∑
)
( )
(3)
is the force through joint B in the X direction.
(
)
(4)
where MC is the moment about joint C and r3 is the length of Input 3.
Equilibrium of Output 2: ∑
( )
(
)
(5)
where MA is the moment about joint A and r2 is the length of Output 2. ∑
( )
( )
(6)
Utilizing substitution, equations 2, 3, 4, and 6 give: ( )(
( ) ( )
( )
(
)
)
(7)
Equation 7 shows that as μ approaches 0 or π then the force, F, is 0. No reactive torque is able to overcome the force exerted. The vise-grip is able to clamp down on objects because it is a rocker-rocker. The mechanism approaches a dead position when links 3 and 4 are in line. At this
limit position, link 2 becomes the input in a geometric inversion of the four-bar. The vise-grip is able to “clamp� onto objects without losing its grip because of this dead position.
Figure 2: Equilibrium Forces and Moments on Vise-Grip
Analysis of a vise-grip
Mechanism class report
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# Metric bundle
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
## Definition
### Standard definition
Let $M$ be a differential manifold. A metric bundle on $M$ is the following data:
• A vector bundle $E$ over $M$
• For every point $p \in M$, a symmetric positive-definite bilinear form on the vector space $E(p)$ over $p$, that varies smoothly with $p$.
### Definition as a section
A metric on $E$ is defined as a section of the bundle $Sym^2(E^*)$, with the property that the value of the section at every point is positive-definite. Note that a section of $Sym^2(E^*)$ is precisely the same thing as associating, to every point of $M$, a symmetric bilinear form. The condition of positive-definiteness needs to be imposed additionally to get a metric.
## Related notions
### Space of metrics on a bundle
Further information: space of metrics on a bundle
Given any vector bundle over a differential manifold, we can look at the space of metrics on it. This space lives as a subset (not a vector subspace) of the space of sections of $Sym^2(E^*)$.
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0
# What is the answer to level 51 for fill the pot in logic game box?
Updated: 9/28/2023
Wiki User
12y ago
You take the two 3 pots and place it at the bottom next to each other.
The 6 pot shall be placed under the three boxes and over the one box at the wall.
Pot 2 shall be over the three boxes at the other side at the wall.
Second from far right pipe (2) - one left-turn elbow and one three left pipe.
Wiki User
12y ago
Earn +20 pts
Q: What is the answer to level 51 for fill the pot in logic game box?
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Related questions
### What is the answer to level 52 for fill the pot in logic game box?
try entering either of these two codes ID10t or A55h01e
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Put the pot under the main piping and simply put a horizontal pipe, elbow, vertical pipe, elbow, horizontal pipe.
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Left most pipe route it with 5 down pipes and place a right elbow to fill bottom container. 3rd pipe from left, route it with 5 down pipes, right elbow, 2 vertical pipes, up elbow, up pipe and left elbow to fill container in 3rd row from bottom. 2nd pipe from right, route it with down pipe and right elbow to fill the caontainer in bottom right corner.
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You simply put your mind to it and do other ways that you haven't done before!
### What is the answer to level 38 for fill the pot in logic game box?
place one pot directly under the middle right 3, and the other 3 in the middle touching the bottom. on the first 3 which water comes out put a right elbow, then and up then a left then the straight tube. on the far right spout put a left elbow, then an up, then a left. Hope this helped!!
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# ElementaryStatistics MATH0013
Marketplace > Sierra College > Mathematics (M) > MATH0013 > ElementaryStatistics
Aileen Davis
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JohnBurke
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## Popular in Mathematics (M)
This 8 page Class Notes was uploaded by Aileen Davis on Tuesday October 20, 2015. The Class Notes belongs to MATH0013 at Sierra College taught by JohnBurke in Fall. Since its upload, it has received 27 views. For similar materials see /class/225377/math0013-sierra-college in Mathematics (M) at Sierra College.
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Date Created: 10/20/15
Sierra College Math 13 Spring 2009 Class 1032 nstmemr Juhn Burk Erma juhniburkem nds ng eem Web Page mtg Urnth swerracuHegE EduSta Juhn urke Telephune am 33741425 omee huurs veam MWZ 3575 DEL M 2 4573 45 Emma SeetmnszzeSAJ 7 9 11 13 21 23 1 5 4771 3 5 7 9 13 1711 Next Sectmns 571572 Tuday Asswgnment 475 m 3 476 45 Mul a n Rule Complements and Condltional Probability The ump ement uf at east me 5 Name Tn me me prubabmty uf at least one uf sumetmng calculate the prubabmty uf nune then subtramthat resuxmemw Than Pateastune 1 immune 45 Complements and Conditional Probability Example Fwd the p rubabmty that 3 Emma Wm three thrEn has aHEastunE gm Conditional Probability Given the Multiplication Rule we can rewrite it as PB APAandB PA The conditional probability of event B occurring given that A has already occurred can be found by dividing the probability of events A and B both occun39ing by the probability of event A Testing for Independence Two events A and B are independent if PBA PB or PA and B PA PB Two events A and B are dependent if PBA PB or PA and B PA PB Example Men Women Boys Girls Totals Survived 332 318 29 27 706 Died 1360 104 35 18 Total 1692 422 64 56 Ifone passenger is selected what is the probability that this person survived given that the selected person is a m Example Men Women Boys Girls Totals Survived 332 318 29 Died 1360 104 35 18 Ifone passenger is selected what is the probability that this person is a man given that the selected person survive Practice Problems What ls the probability that a randomly selected student ls female Rated hIsher math ablllty as Just average and not rate hIsher math ablllty asjust average ls both male and rated hls math ablllt as Just average Rated hIsher math ablllty as eltherlust average or above average ls elther female or rated hIsher math ablllty as below average ls female glveh that heshe rated ther math ablllty as above average ls male glveh that heshe rated ther math ablllt as above average anr F P39FP P Rated her math ablllty asjust average glveh that she ls female When to treat dependent data as if it is independent It is a common practice to treat events as independent when small samples are dravm 39om large populations For example pollsters use this guideline to treat the members oftheir samples as independent If a sample size is no more than 5 of the size of the population treat the selections as being independent even if the selections are made without replacement so they are technically dependent Pollsters use this guideline when they survey roughly 1000 adults from a population ofmillions they assume independence even though they sample without replacement When to treat dependent data as if it is independent Example With one method ofthe procedure called acceptance sampling a sample of items is randomly selected without replacement and the entire batch is rejected if there is at least one defect Suppose the Medtyme Company hasjust manufactured 5000 blood pressure monitors and 4 are defective lf3 of them are selected and tested what is the probability that the entire batch will be rejected Calculate using replacement and without replacement 46 Probabilities Through Simulations A simulation of a procedure is a process that behaves the same way as the procedure so that similar results are produced Objectives What to considerwhen running a simulation Simulating the tossing ofa coin Excel Simulating the tossing oftwo dice TI83 Plus amp StatDisk Simulating the birthday problem TI83 Plus amp Excel Things to Consider When Running a Simulation Make sure your model is correct How many simulations are necessary to achieve reasonable results remember the Law of Large Numbers the more the better Simulating the Tossing of Two Dice 0 Simulated Tosses T1783 P u 39m39 39 39 s misi i i kulmn quot 7s n h Thefrequencyprubabmty eman 7 7 90500 78 The thenretma prubabmty eman 7 7 BBB m 7 m ng the Tossing of Two Dice Sim u Ia ti 10000 Simulated Tosses StatDisk The frequency prubabmty 0f m7th 7 7 1B731EI EIEIEI m 7 The heureuca prubabmty 0f rung 7 7 BSE m 7 5 Birthday Problem 3 minimum naxi i amtw mlanimlmm mmnmmmmvmw m 46 Simulations Class Participation Problem Page 179 15 47 Counting Fundamental Counting Rule Factorial Rule Permutations Rules Combinations Rule 47 Counting Fundamental Counting Rule For a sequence oftwo events in which the rst event can occur m ways and the secon event can occur n ways the events together can occur m n ways Note this extends to any number of events Example The typical home alarm system has a code that consists offour digits The digits 0 through 9 can be repeated and they must be entered in the correct order nd the correct one How many different codes are possible 47 Counting Factorial Rule A collection ofn different items can be arIanged in order n factorial different ways This re ects the fact that the rst item may be selected n different ways the second item may be selected n1 different ways etc nnn1n221 eg 5 5x4x3x2x1 120 Example Suppose you want to design a travel route that has you visit each state capital exactly once How many possible routes are there 47 Counting Permutations Rules Permutations Rule when items are all different The number ofpermutations or sequences of ritems from n available items without replacement is p i Mir Example You belong to a club with 20 members How many different slates of4 of cers are possible l l 20 2019i 17161167280 P 2 4 2074 47 Counting Permutations Rules Example You havejust been hired to determine the programming for the WB television network When selecting the shows to be shovm on Monday night you nd that you have 27 shows available and you must select 4 ofthem ecause ofleadin effects the order ofthe shows is Important How many different sequences of4 shows are possible when there are 27 shows available 47 Counting Combinations Rule The number ofcombinations ofritems selected from n different items is mam Example Suppose you have a 20member club From the members you need to establish a committee offour How many ways is this possible l l C 20 7 2019181716 5193174845 2 4 20744 16l4l
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https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/98896/what-is-the-constant-g-0-used-for-calculating-the-specific-impulse-in-seconds?noredirect=1
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# What is the constant $g_0$ used for calculating the specific impulse in seconds?
Wikipedia defines specific impulse as: $$I_\mathrm{sp} = \frac{F_\mathrm{thrust}}{\dot{m} \cdot g_0}$$ The $g_0$ is said to be the acceleration at the Earth's surface.
So is it actually the acceleration at Earth's surface, or is it a universal constant that just happens to be equal to that acceleration?
In other words, is the specific impulse of the same rocket different on either of two planets which have different gravitational constants and no atmosphere?
Update: Let me restate the question in yet another way: If I was building a rocket on Mars, would I need to adjust my $I_{sp}$ values (eg. for delta-v calculations to make sense for combining engines)?
Unless I am mistaken, I understand now that the answer is no. However, I don't think that any of the current answers state this clearly enough.
• possible duplicate of No uncertainty for standard gravitational acceleration? – Brandon Enright Feb 12 '14 at 15:30
• @BrandonEnright Thanks for the link, but while it's likely that we are talking about the same $g_0$, the question is about clarification of the rocket equation, unless you would like to assert that $g_0$ has a universal meaning in physics. (Either way, the linked question does not adequately answer my question) – Superbest Feb 15 '14 at 12:38
The Wikipedia article you link states:
For all vehicles specific impulse (impulse per unit weight-on-Earth of propellant) in seconds can be defined by the following equation ...
The quantity $\dot{m}g_0$ is the weight flow rate of the propellant when the local gravitational acceleration is $g_0$, so the weight-on-Earth bit of the definition implies that $g_0$ is indeed the gravitational acceleration at the Earth's surface.
• So if I was a Martian alien who stole some rocket parts from Earth, complete with their Earth technical manuals, and I decided to build a rocket with them on Mars, I should still use 9.81 to calculate specific impulse and not 3.72? – Superbest Feb 13 '14 at 22:44
• Yes. However I don't think there is any fundamental physics involved. It's just that all the rockets that have been built so far have been built on Earth - well, as far as we know :-) – John Rennie Feb 14 '14 at 6:39
• Thanks, that makes sense - I guess in effect specific impulse of any rocket anywhere is defined relative to an arbitrary rocket on Earth. I proposed an edit to address the question more directly based on what you said, can you please take a look and make sure it's correct? – Superbest Feb 15 '14 at 12:46
• @Superbest: you attempted to edit my answer rather than your question. In your edit you say the 9.81 is an arbitrary constant, but it isn't really. It's chosen to match the acceleration at the Earth's surface so I wouldn't say it was arbitrary.. – John Rennie Feb 15 '14 at 14:15
I believe that the reason why specific impulse has the units seconds is to prevent confusion between people who use the metric or imperial system. Because the "efficiency" of a rocket is actually indicated by the effective exhaust velocity: $$v_e=\frac{F}{\dot{m}}$$ However this has an unit of length, which is different between the metric and imperial system. Therefore by dividing it by a constant, known in both systems, which would lead to unit which is the same in both systems, will lead to less confusion. The constant used is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity at its surface (probably because most people, using specific impulse, will have used it when learning (high)school physics).
The gavitational constant is a constant which is set to give the nominal acceleration due to gravity on the Earth's surface as explained quite well here. It is just that, a constant, there is nothing fundamental and actual gravity varies across the globe.
The reason it is in the specific impulse equation is to convert the thrust/change in mass so that they have the same units. As the units of weight are defined on Earth this is the gravity used for the conversion. If you were to set up a different system then the value of $g_0$ would change.
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# Let A = 124 316 k 3 2 . (a) In terms of k, find the volume of the parallelepiped
ISBN: 9780321964670 380
## Solution for problem 46 Chapter 3.2
Differential Equations | 4th Edition
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Problem 46
Let A = 124 316 k 3 2 . (a) In terms of k, find the volume of the parallelepiped determined by the row vectors of the matrix A. (b) Does your answer to (a) change if we instead consider the volume of the parallelepiped determined by the column vectors of the matrix A? Why or why not? (c) For what value(s) of k, if any, is A invertible?
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L8 - 6 0 ∞ ∞ 0 0 Indeterminate Forms: 0 ∞ , ∞·0 , ∞−∞ , 1 , ∞ , 0 (We will discuss indeterminate powers in Section 4.5.) 1 2 ex. Evaluate...
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Bluebulb Projects' The Measure of Things presents:
Click the box above and enter your number, then make a unit selection if you wish, then click the "Show Me" button.
How much is 20?
Sort Order:
Closest first | Highest first | Lowest first
It's about one-fourth the number of Keys on a Piano. In other words, 20 is 0.230 times the count of Keys on a Piano, and the count of Keys on a Piano is 4.30 times that amount. (Moden layout; A0 to C7) It's about one-fifth the number of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park. In other words, 20 is 0.1920 times the count of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park, and the count of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park is 5.210 times that amount. (a.k.a. Henihco'oo; a.k.a. Héetíhco'oo) (December 2014 figures; Wyoming Park area) As of the 2014 population count, there were 104 wolves living in Yellowstone National Park, in twelve packs. All of the wolves now living in the Park are thought to have descended from the 66 wolves (re)introduced into the Park in 1995-96. It's about one-fifth the number of Elements on the Periodic Table. In other words, 20 is 0.1690 times the count of Elements on the Periodic Table, and the count of Elements on the Periodic Table is 5.920 times that amount. (a.k.a. Periodic Table of the Elements, a.k.a chemical elements) (confirmed elements as of 2016) It's about one-tenth the number of Union Stations in the United States. In other words, 20 is 0.1480 times the count of Union Stations in the United States, and the count of Union Stations in the United States is 6.760 times that amount. (a.k.a. Union Terminal; a.k.a. Joint Station; a.k.a. Union Depot) (2016 figures) It's about one-tenth the number of Moons in our Solar System. In other words, 20 is 0.1370 times the count of Moons in our Solar System, and the count of Moons in our Solar System is 7.30 times that amount. (2015 figures) (confirmed moons only; dwarf planet satellites not included) Astronomers and other scientists have confirmed the presence of 146 moons orbiting the major planets of our Solar System. About one third of those moons — 53 — are in orbit around the planet Saturn It's about one-tenth the number of John Wayne films. In other words, 20 is 0.1120 times the count of John Wayne films, and the count of John Wayne films is 8.930 times that amount. (a.k.a. "Duke", a.k.a. JW, a.k.a. Marion Mitchell Morrison, a.k.a. Marion Robert Morrison, a.k.a. Duke Morrison) (films starring the actor in any size role) Known for his distinctive voice and walk, Oscar-winning Western actor John Wayne appeared in 178 films between 1926 and 1976. He was said to have the lead role in 142 of those films. It's about ten times the number of Escalators in the State of Wyoming. In other words, the count of Escalators in the State of Wyoming is 0.10 times 20. (2013 figures)
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https://cran.stat.auckland.ac.nz/web/packages/sodium/vignettes/crypto101.html
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This page attempts to give a very basic conceptual introduction to cryptographic methods. Before we start the usual disclaimer:
I am not a cryptographer. This document is only for educational purposes. Crypto is hard, you should never trust your home-grown implementation. Unless you’re a cryptographer you will probably overlook some crucial details. Developers should only use the high-level functions that have been implemented by an actual cryptographer.
Now that we got this is out of the way, let’s start hacking :)
### The XOR operator
The bitwise XOR operator outputs true only when both inputs differ (one is true, the other is false). It is sometimes called an invertor because the output of a bit in x gets inverted if and only if the corresponding bit in y is true:
# XOR two (8bit) bytes 'x' and 'y'
x <- as.raw(0x7a)
y <- as.raw(0xe4)
z <- base::xor(x, y)
dput(z)
as.raw(0x9e)
# Show the bits in each byte
cbind(x = rawToBits(x), y = rawToBits(y), z = rawToBits(z))
x y z
[1,] 00 00 00
[2,] 01 00 01
[3,] 00 01 01
[4,] 01 00 01
[5,] 01 00 01
[6,] 01 01 00
[7,] 01 01 00
[8,] 00 01 01
In cryptography we xor a message x with secret random data y. Because each bit in y is randomly true with probability 0.5, the xor output is completely random and uncorrelated to x. This is called perfect secrecy. Only if we know y we can decipher the message x.
# Encrypt message using random one-time-pad
msg <- charToRaw("TTIP is evil")
# It's really encrypted
rawToChar(ciphertext)
[1] "\x94\x8fu~\x86\001\xdd?M=݈"
# Decrypt with same pad
rawToChar(base::xor(ciphertext, one_time_pad))
[1] "TTIP is evil"
This method is perfectly secure and forms the basis for most cryptograhpic methods. However the challenge is generating and communicating unique pseudo-random y data every time we want to encrypt something. One-time-pads as in the example are not very practical for large messages. Also we should never re-use a one-time-pad y for encrypting multiple messages, as this compromises the secrecy.
### Stream ciphers
The solution to this problem are stream ciphers. A stream cipher generates a unique stream of pseudo-random data based on a secret key and a unique nonce. For a given set of parameters the stream cipher always generates the same stream of data. Sodium implements a few popular stream ciphers:
password <- "My secret passphrase"
nonce <- random(8)
chacha20(size = 20, key, nonce)
[1] 13 08 bc 95 87 c5 26 af 2c 0f cc cc 55 5a 0d 63 79 29 3f 30
Each stream requires a key and a nonce. The key forms the shared secret and should only be known to trusted parties. The nonce is not secret and is stored or sent along with the ciphertext. The purpose of the nonce is to make a random stream unique to protect gainst re-use attacks. This way you can re-use a your key to encrypt multiple messages, as long as you never re-use the same nonce.
salsa20(size = 20, key, nonce)
[1] 1c 61 ad 92 57 c7 73 8b 35 28 e8 bd 32 ed a1 27 80 f9 0e f8
Over the years cryptographers have come up with many more variants. Many stream ciphers are based on a block cipher such as AES: a keyed permutation of fixed length amount of data. The block ciphers get chained in a particular mode of operation which repeatedly applies the cipher’s single-block operation to securely transform amounts of data larger than a block.
We are not going to discuss implementation details, but you could probably come up with something yourself. For example you could use a hash function such sha256 as the block cipher and append counter which is incremented for each block (this is called CTR mode).
# Illustrative example.
sha256_ctr <- function(size, key, nonce){
n <- ceiling(size/32)
output <- raw()
for(i in 1:n){
counter <- packBits(intToBits(i))
block <- sha256(c(key, nonce, counter))
output <- c(output, block)
}
return(output[1:size])
}
This allows us to generate an arbitrary length stream from a single secret key:
password <- "My secret passphrase"
nonce <- random(8)
sha256_ctr(50, key, nonce)
[1] 03 65 c8 83 96 ea 90 44 f4 9b f5 10 7c bb 8f 1d 37 e5 61 81 15 f6 5b a8 8a
[26] 7f 1e 4a e5 24 30 9a 77 6a 4f 28 78 68 b5 e7 92 44 84 92 a7 28 99 02 d7 ec
In practice, you should never write your own ciphers. A lot of research goes into studying the properties of block ciphers under various modes of operation. In the remainder we just use the standard Sodium ciphers: chacha20, salsa20 or xsalsa20.
### Symmetric encryption
Symmetric encryption means that the same secret key is used for both encryption and decryption. All that is needed to implement symmetric encryption is xor and a stream cipher. For example to encrypt an arbitrary length message using password:
# Encrypt 'message' using 'password'
myfile <- file.path(R.home(), "COPYING")
passwd <- charToRaw("My secret passphrase")
A hash function converts the password to a key of suitable size for the stream cipher, which we use to generate a psuedo random stream of equal length to the message:
# Basic secret key encryption
key <- hash(passwd)
nonce8 <- random(8)
stream <- chacha20(length(message), key, nonce8)
ciphertext <- base::xor(stream, message)
Now the ciphertext is an encrypted version of the message. Only those that know the key and the nonce can re-generate the same keystream in order to xor the ciphertext back into the original message.
# Decrypt with the same key
key <- hash(charToRaw("My secret passphrase"))
stream <- chacha20(length(ciphertext), key, nonce8)
out <- base::xor(ciphertext, stream)
# Print part of the message
cat(substring(rawToChar(out), 1, 120))
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
The Sodium functions data_encrypt and data_decrypt provide a more elaborate implementation of the above. This is what you should use in practice for secret key encryption.
Symmetric encryption can be used for e.g. encrypting local data. However because the same secret is used for both encryption and decryption, it is impractical for communication with other parties. For exchanging secure messages we need public key encryption.
### Public-key encryption and Diffie-Hellman
Rather than using a single secret-key, assymetric (public key) encryption requires a keypair, consisting of a public key for encryption and a private-key for decryption. Data that is encrypted using a given public key can only be decrypted using the corresponding private key.
The public key is not confidential and can be shared on e.g. a website or keyserver. This allows anyone to send somebody a secure message by encrypting it with the receivers public key. The encrypted message will only be readable by the owner of the corresponding private key.
# Create keypair
key <- keygen()
pub <- pubkey(key)
# Encrypt message for receiver using his/her public key
msg <- serialize(iris, NULL)
ciphertext <- simple_encrypt(msg, pub)
# Receiver decrypts with his/her private key
out <- simple_decrypt(ciphertext, key)
identical(msg, out)
[1] TRUE
How does this work? Public key encryption makes use of Diffie-Hellman (D-H): a method which allows two parties that have no prior knowledge of each other to jointly establish a shared secret key over an insecure channel. In the most simple case, both parties generate a temporary keypair and exchange their public key over the insecure channel. Then both parties use the D-H function to calculcate the (same) shared secret key by combining their own private key with the other person’s public key:
# Bob generates keypair
bob_key <- keygen()
bob_pubkey <- pubkey(bob_key)
# Alice generates keypair
alice_key <- keygen()
alice_pubkey <- pubkey(alice_key)
# After Bob and Alice exchange pubkey they can both derive the secret
alice_secret <- diffie_hellman(alice_key, bob_pubkey)
bob_secret <- diffie_hellman(bob_key, alice_pubkey)
identical(alice_secret, bob_secret)
[1] TRUE
Once the shared secret has been established, both parties can discard their temporary public/private key and use the shared secret to start encrypting communications with symmetric encryption as discussed earlier. Because the shared secret cannot be calculated using only the public keys, the process is safe from eavesdroppers.
The classical Diffie-Hellman method is based on the discrete logarithm problem with large prime numbers. Sodium uses curve25519, a state-of-the-art D-H function by Daniel Bernsteinan designed for use with the elliptic curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) key agreement scheme.
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https://quizlet.com/explanations/questions/the-drag-force-f_d-on-a-sphere-depends-on-the-velocity-v-the-viscosity-mu-the-density-rho-the-surface-roughness-height-e-the-freestream-fluc-94e5a157-61403e46-1fca-4376-859f-89d748d6aa2c
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Try the fastest way to create flashcards
Question
# The drag force $F_D$ on a sphere depends on the velocity $V$, the viscosity $\mu$, the density $\rho$, the surface roughness height $e$, the freestream fluctuation intensity $I$ (a dimensionless quantity), and the diameter $D$. Find an expression for $F_D$.
Solution
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Answered 1 year ago
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### Information
In this exercise, we are asked to derive an expression for the drag force $F_D$ on a sphere. The given variable parameters are listed below:
• $F_D$ - drag force
• $V$ - velocity
• $\mu$ - viscosity
• $\rho$ - fluid density
• $e$ - surface roughness height
• $I$ - fluctuation intensity
• $d$ - diameter
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https://answers.opencv.org/question/233519/3d-construction-from-2d-plane/
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# 3d construction from 2d plane
Hey all,
I need your advice on the work I'm doing now. I need to construct a 3d model based on the 2d plane. Over the plane, I have identified reasonable numbers of (x,y) coordinates of each corner the 2d plane has. Let say, if I have a fixed number for my z coordinate that makes all (x,y) coordinates have the same z coordinate, I'm looking for the ways to extrapolate this 2d plane into a 3d model.
My first approach is to first figure out how each (x,y) coordinates are connected to each other to represent the border of the 3d model. However, I'm not sure how to do it yet. After that, expand/extrapolate the z coordinate and connect all the coordinates to represent the 3d model.
Or is there a feature that allows me to build it instantly? The sample of my 2d plane with (x,y) coordinates can be seen in
I'm quite new with OpenCV and I write my code with python. So please forgive me if the question is trivial for some of you.
edit retag close merge delete
I'm looking for the ways to extrapolate this 2d plane into a 3d model.
what do you mean, exactly here ? please explain ! would delauny triangulation help ?
( 2020-08-11 04:20:51 -0600 )edit
Thanks @berak. I put the image on my question.
By extrapolating, I mean I want to expand the 2d plane into a 3d space model. I would imagine that my x and y coordinates represent length and breadth, and a fixed z coordinate represent height.
As you can see I have all the (x,y) coordinates by using goodFeaturesToTrack(). But I lost the information of which (x,y) coordinates connected to which (x,y) coordinates; hence I can't create a border that represent my 2d original plane before I expand the 3d space model with the z coordinates.
Finally, I'm looking at the visualization of the 3d space model if I know all the (x,y,z) coordinates and how they are connected to each other.
I hope I explain this clearer and looking forward for any advice.
Thanks
( 2020-08-11 05:20:11 -0600 )edit
im wondering, why you want to do this with opencv, a mostly 2d computer-vision library
shouldn't you rather ask the openGL folks ?
I put the image on my question.
can't see it. try again ?
( 2020-08-11 05:36:51 -0600 )edit
1
Thanks @berak,
The 2D plane initially from an object in an image, which I've managed to extract its outer contours and corners. I was thinking perhaps there are techniques that I can use from OpencV library to allow me further with constructing the 3D space model of the object in my 2D plane.
can't see it. try again ?
It's strange, I thought I have edited my post by uploading the picture. I try it again, and hopefully, you can see it now.
Thanks a lot @berak
( 2020-08-12 02:22:41 -0600 )edit
1
^^ yep.
I need to construct a 3d model based on the 2d plane
super-hard problem, if not impossible, from a single image, unfortunately. and you'll need to do a lot of research before trying to code anything
can you show us the original image ?
• do you already have a 3d model for your object ? (--> ICP registration)
• can you use several images from varying angles ? (--> structure from motion)
• can you use stereo cameras ? ( --> disparity / point clouds)
• densedepth cnn (--> depth image / point cloud)
( 2020-08-12 02:48:50 -0600 )edit
Thanks @berak,
I was thinking (maybe too simple) that may be just replicate all 7 coordinates I have on the 2D plane and put a fixed z coordinate (e.g. 10) for them. For instance, A' will be (xa,ya,10), B' will be (xb,yb,10), etc. Then I will connect A to A' with an edge, B to B' with an edge, etc. Then visualize them (perhaps with OpenGL if OpenCV library doesn't have instance function to allow me to do it).
I think my problem now is how can I connect A to B to C, etc that represents the purple shape I have on that image. I think this, perhaps, is a suitable question for the openCV community.
Thanks
( 2020-08-12 03:59:26 -0600 )edit
I think this, perhaps, is a suitable question for the openCV community.
it's a question for YOU in the 1st place. and you MUST do research, but haven't and instead try to hack it and then ask around. and btw, there exist 3d meshing algorithms like "marching cubes", and voronoi how comes you don't know ?
I was thinking (maybe too simple) that may be just replicate all 7 coordinates I have on the 2D plane and put a fixed z coordinate (e.g. 10) for them.
yea, so you still get a 2d model with 3d coords (just connecting abcdefg would be a valid polygon. but that's useless, no ?)
getting a good estimation for z is the hard part here, and you need "larger cannons" for this
( 2020-08-12 05:25:44 -0600 )edit
your problem also suffers from occlusion. not all object corner points are visible, and like it is now you'll never know which vertices you see exactly.
( 2020-08-12 05:49:53 -0600 )edit
1
thanks @berak,
As I said, I'm new to this domain and was asking for the advice that lead to my research of particular scope that will address my problem. I'll look at some advice that you mentioned, which obviously I didn't know before you mentioned them.
( 2020-08-13 12:43:37 -0600 )edit
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# Macroeconomics
posted by .
You read in a newspaper that the nominal interest rate is 12 percent per year in Canada and 8 percent per year in the United States. Suppose that the real interest rates are equalized in the two countries and that purchasing-power parity holds.
a) Using the Fisher equation, what can you infer about expected inflation in Canada and in the United States?
b) What can you infer about expected change in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar?
c) A friend proposes a get-rich-quick scheme: borrow from a US bank at 8%, deposit the money in a Canadian bank at 12%, and make a 4% profit. What is wrong with this scheme?
• Macroeconomics -
a b c
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# Search by Topic
#### Resources tagged with PrimaryResourceful similar to Magic Vs:
Filter by: Content type:
Age range:
Challenge level:
### There are 28 results
Broad Topics > Habits of Mind > PrimaryResourceful
### Magic Vs
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Can you put the numbers 1-5 in the V shape so that both 'arms' have the same total?
### Twenty Divided Into Six
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Katie had a pack of 20 cards numbered from 1 to 20. She arranged the cards into 6 unequal piles where each pile added to the same total. What was the total and how could this be done?
### Cows and Sheep
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Use your logical reasoning to work out how many cows and how many sheep there are in each field.
### Sealed Solution
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Ten cards are put into five envelopes so that there are two cards in each envelope. The sum of the numbers inside it is written on each envelope. What numbers could be inside the envelopes?
### Mystery Matrix
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Can you fill in this table square? The numbers 2 -12 were used to generate it with just one number used twice.
### Shape Times Shape
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
These eleven shapes each stand for a different number. Can you use the number sentences to work out what they are?
### Through the Window
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
My local DIY shop calculates the price of its windows according to the area of glass and the length of frame used. Can you work out how they arrived at these prices?
### Square Corners
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
What is the greatest number of counters you can place on the grid below without four of them lying at the corners of a square?
### Play to 37
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
In this game for two players, the idea is to take it in turns to choose 1, 3, 5 or 7. The winner is the first to make the total 37.
### Torn Shapes
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
These rectangles have been torn. How many squares did each one have inside it before it was ripped?
### Dotty Six
##### Age 5 to 11 Challenge Level:
Dotty Six is a simple dice game that you can adapt in many ways.
### Dicey Operations in Line
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Who said that adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing couldn't be fun?
### Coded Hundred Square
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
This 100 square jigsaw is written in code. It starts with 1 and ends with 100. Can you build it up?
### The Remainders Game
##### Age 7 to 14 Challenge Level:
Play this game and see if you can figure out the computer's chosen number.
### A Puzzling Cube
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Here are the six faces of a cube - in no particular order. Here are three views of the cube. Can you deduce where the faces are in relation to each other and record them on the net of this cube?
### Eight Hidden Squares
##### Age 7 to 14 Challenge Level:
On the graph there are 28 marked points. These points all mark the vertices (corners) of eight hidden squares. Can you find the eight hidden squares?
### Four Go
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
This challenge is a game for two players. Choose two of the numbers to multiply or divide, then mark your answer on the number line. Can you get four in a row?
### Nice or Nasty
##### Age 7 to 14 Challenge Level:
There are nasty versions of this dice game but we'll start with the nice ones...
### First Connect Three
##### Age 7 to 14 Challenge Level:
The idea of this game is to add or subtract the two numbers on the dice and cover the result on the grid, trying to get a line of three. Are there some numbers that are good to aim for?
### Sponge Sections
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
You have been given three shapes made out of sponge: a sphere, a cylinder and a cone. Your challenge is to find out how to cut them to make different shapes for printing.
### Satisfying Four Statements
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Can you find any two-digit numbers that satisfy all of these statements?
### Cut Nets
##### Age 7 to 11 Challenge Level:
Each of the nets of nine solid shapes has been cut into two pieces. Can you see which pieces go together?
### Poly Plug Rectangles
##### Age 5 to 14 Challenge Level:
The computer has made a rectangle and will tell you the number of spots it uses in total. Can you find out where the rectangle is?
### Seeing Squares
##### Age 5 to 11 Challenge Level:
Players take it in turns to choose a dot on the grid. The winner is the first to have four dots that can be joined to form a square.
### Baravelle
##### Age 7 to 16 Challenge Level:
What can you see? What do you notice? What questions can you ask?
### 4 Dom
##### Age 5 to 16 Challenge Level:
Use these four dominoes to make a square that has the same number of dots on each side.
### Number Lines in Disguise
##### Age 7 to 14 Challenge Level:
Some of the numbers have fallen off Becky's number line. Can you figure out what they were?
### Cops and Robbers
##### Age 7 to 16 Challenge Level:
Can you find a reliable strategy for choosing coordinates that will locate the robber in the minimum number of guesses?
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# Peaceful Pastures
Topics: Variable cost, Costs, Total cost Pages: 16 (2537 words) Published: March 23, 2013
Mid-term Exam|
Page: | 1 2 3 |
1.| Question :| (TCO 1) The goal of managerial accounting is to provide information that managers need for|
|
| Student Answer:| | planning. |
| | | control. |
| | | decision making. |
| | | All of the above answers are correct. |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 1, Page 4|
|
|
| Points Received:| 4 of 4 |
|
|
2.| Question :| TCO 1) Which of the following statements regarding fixed costs is true?|
|
| Student Answer:| | When production increases, fixed cost per unit increases. | | | | When production decreases, total fixed costs decrease. | | | | When production increases, fixed cost per unit decreases. | | | | When production decreases, total fixed costs increase. | | Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 1, Page 9|
|
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| Points Received:| 4 of 4 |
|
|
3.| Question :| (TCO 1) A retailer purchased some trendy clothes that have gone out of style and must be marked down to 40% of the original selling price in order to be sold. Which of the following is a sunk cost in this situation?|
|
| Student Answer:| | the current selling price |
| | | the original selling price |
| | | the original purchase price |
| | | the anticipated profit |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 1, Page 9|
|
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| Points Received:| 4 of 4 |
|
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4.| Question :| (TCO 1) Shula’s 347 Grill has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 1,600 steak dinners will be produced and sold: materials, \$4,080; hourly labor (variable), \$5,200; rent (fixed), \$1,700; depreciation, \$800; and other fixed costs, \$600. Each steak dinner sells for \$14.00 each. How much is the budgeted variable cost per unit?|
|
| Student Answer:| | \$5.80 |
| | | \$7.74 |
| | | \$6.68 |
| | | \$3.25 |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 1, Page 8 (\$4,080 + \$5,200) / 1,600 = \$5.80| |
|
| Points Received:| 0 of 4 |
|
|
5.| Question :| (TCO 1) Which of the following is an example of a manufacturing overhead cost?|
|
| Student Answer:| | security at the manufacturing plant | | | | fabric used to produce shirts |
| | | cost of shipping product to customers |
| | | the salary of the president of the company |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 2, Page 37|
|
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| Points Received:| 0 of 4 |
|
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6.| Question :| (TCO 1) Product costs|
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| Student Answer:| | are also called manufacturing costs. | | | | are considered an asset until the finished goods are sold. | | | | become an expense when the goods are sold. |
| | | All of the above answers are correct. |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 2, Page 38|
|
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| Points Received:| 4 of 4 |
|
|
7.| Question :| (TCO 1) At December 31, 2010, WDT Inc. has a balance in the Work in Process Inventory account of \$62,000. At January 1, 2010, the balance was \$55,000. Current manufacturing costs for the year are \$292,000, and cost of goods sold is \$284,000. How much is cost of goods manufactured?|
|
| Student Answer:| | \$292,000 |
| | | \$299,000 |
| | | \$277,000 |
| | | \$285,000 |
| Instructor Explanation:| Chapter 2, Page 43 \$55,000 + \$292,000 - \$62,000 = \$285,000| |
|
| Points Received:| 0 of 4 |
|
|
8.| Question :| (TCO 2) BCS Company applies manufacturing overhead based on direct labor hours. Information concerning manufacturing overhead and labor for August follows: | Estimated| Actual| Overhead cost| \$174,000| \$171,000|
Direct labor hours| 5,800| 5,900|
Direct labor cost| \$87,000| \$89,975|
How much overhead should be applied in total during August?|
|
| Student Answer:| | 177,000 |
| | |...
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# Cylindrical to rectangular coordinates
• violette
#### violette
Hi sorry,I still need some help on converting coordinates >.<
Set up an integral in rectangular coordinates equivalent to the integral
∫($0 ≤ θ ≤ \frac{∏}{2})$∫($1 ≤ r ≤ \sqrt{3})$∫(1 ≤ z ≤ √(4-r2)) r3(sinθcosθ)z2 dz dr dθ
Arrange the order of integration to be z first,then y,then x.
I manage to convert,however the answer has 2 parts and I only managed to get 1 part.How do I know if the answer will have more than 1 part?
Hi again violette!
What did you convert?
What are parts 1 and 2?
Did you already try to make a drawing?
Hi I like Serena,really thanks so much for being so helpful =D
hmm...how do I draw with cylindrical coordinates?I only know how to make a drawing given rectangular coords >.<
this was what I got:
∫(0 ≤ z ≤ 1)∫(√(1-x2) ≤ y ≤ √(3-x2)∫(1 ≤ x ≤ √(4-x2-y2) z2xy dzdydx
Hi I like Serena,really thanks so much for being so helpful =D
hmm...how do I draw with cylindrical coordinates?I only know how to make a drawing given rectangular coords >.<
Well, you draw in rectangular coordinates, but you add circles for constant r.
Here's an example:
this was what I got:
∫(0 ≤ z ≤ 1)∫(√(1-x2) ≤ y ≤ √(3-x2)∫(1 ≤ x ≤ √(4-x2-y2) z2xy dzdydx
But that's looking good!
You only seem to have switched x and z around in the limits or something.
And the limits (0 ≤ ° ≤ 1) are not right.
How did you get that?
omg thanks so much!The diagram made it easier for me to try on my own =)
Ah oopx,it should be this:
∫(0 ≤ x ≤ 1)∫(√(1-x2) ≤ y ≤ √(3-x2)∫(1 ≤ z ≤ √(4-x2-y2) z2xy dzdydx
Hmm,actually I got 3 values for x after all the conversion: 0,1 and $\sqrt{3}$.
But I used 0 and 1 because they are the limits that fitted y
omg thanks so much!The diagram made it easier for me to try on my own =)
Ah oopx,it should be this:
∫(0 ≤ x ≤ 1)∫(√(1-x2) ≤ y ≤ √(3-x2)∫(1 ≤ z ≤ √(4-x2-y2) z2xy dzdydx
Hmm,actually I got 3 values for x after all the conversion: 0,1 and $\sqrt{3}$.
But I used 0 and 1 because they are the limits that fitted y
Yes, that's basically it.
The upper limit for x is still $\sqrt{3}$. You cannot just discard that part of the object.
However, the lower limit for y needs to be modified to 0 if it would otherwise be undefined.
In your diagram you should be able to see why that is.
You can write that for instance like √max(0, 1-x2) ≤ y ≤ √(3-x2).
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Cody
# Problem 44273. Given a square and a circle, please decide whether the square covers more area.
Solution 1763942
Submitted on 27 Mar 2019 by Paul Morant
This solution is locked. To view this solution, you need to provide a solution of the same size or smaller.
### Test Suite
Test Status Code Input and Output
1 Pass
sq = 2; ci = 1; y_correct = (sq>ci); assert(isequal(sqci(sq,ci),y_correct))
2 Pass
sq = rand; ci = rand; y_correct = (4*sq^2>pi*ci^2); assert(isequal(sqci(sq,ci),y_correct))
3 Pass
sq = 0; ci = 0; y_correct = (0>0); assert(isequal(sqci(sq,ci),y_correct))
4 Pass
sq = 100; ci = 4; y_correct = (7>3); assert(isequal(sqci(sq,ci),y_correct))
5 Pass
sq = 21; ci = 127; y_correct = (3>7); assert(isequal(sqci(sq,ci),y_correct))
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# Bài 3: Tính chất cơ bản của phân số
1 tháng 4 lúc 15:50
=> A<1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + ....+ 1/2001.2002 + 1/2002.2003
=> A< 1- 1/2 + 1/2 - 1/3 + .... + 1/2001 - 1/2002 + 1/2002 - 1/2003
=>A< 1 - 1/2003 < 1
=> A< 1
Bình luận (0)
31 tháng 3 lúc 13:12
Ta có: $A=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{\dfrac{1}{1\cdot99}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot97}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot95}+...+\dfrac{1}{97\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot1}}$
$\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{100}=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{\dfrac{100}{1\cdot99}+\dfrac{100}{3\cdot97}+\dfrac{100}{5\cdot95}+...+\dfrac{100}{97\cdot3}+\dfrac{100}{99\cdot1}}$
$\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{100}=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{1+\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{95}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{99}+1}$
$\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{100}=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{2\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)}$
$\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{100}=\dfrac{1}{2}$
hay A=50
Bình luận (0)
28 tháng 3 lúc 15:59
Ta có: $\dfrac{3}{x}=\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{-39}{91}$
$\Rightarrow$ $\dfrac{3}{x}=\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{-3}{7}$
$\Rightarrow$ $\dfrac{-3}{-x}=\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{4}}{7}=\dfrac{-3}{7}$
$\Rightarrow$ $\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x=7\\\dfrac{y}{4}=-3\end{matrix}\right.$
$\Rightarrow$ $\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-7\\y=-12\end{matrix}\right.$ (TM)
Vậy x = -7; y = -12
Chúc bn học tốt!
Bình luận (2)
28 tháng 3 lúc 13:19
d) Ta có: $\dfrac{2^{76}-2^{74}}{2^{78}-2^{76}}$
$=\dfrac{2^{74}\left(2^2-1\right)}{2^{76}\left(2^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2^{74}}{2^{76}}$
$=\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}$
Bình luận (0)
28 tháng 3 lúc 11:59
a)
$\dfrac{2}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{5}x=-\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \left(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)x=-\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \dfrac{7}{15}x=-\dfrac{7}{10}\\ x=-\dfrac{7}{10}:\dfrac{7}{15}\\ x=-\dfrac{15}{10}\\ x=-\dfrac{3}{2}.$
b)
$\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-1\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{11}-1\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{12}-1\right)...\left(\dfrac{1}{2021}-1\right)\\ =\dfrac{-9}{10}.\dfrac{-10}{11}.\dfrac{-11}{12}...\dfrac{-2020}{2021}\\ =\dfrac{9}{2021}.$
c)
$\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{56}+\dfrac{1}{72}+\dfrac{1}{90}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+\dfrac{1}{7.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{10}\\ =\dfrac{7}{30}.$
(câu c em ghi nhầm đề 1 chút nhé, chỗ đó là 56 chứ không phải 50)
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24 tháng 3 lúc 21:14
Ta có: $\dfrac{x-3}{y-2}=\dfrac{3}{2}$
nên $\dfrac{x-3}{3}=\dfrac{y-2}{2}$
mà x-y=4
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
$\dfrac{x-3}{3}=\dfrac{y-2}{2}=\dfrac{x-y-3+2}{3-2}=\dfrac{4-1}{1}=3$
Do đó:
$\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-3}{3}=3\\\dfrac{y-2}{2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=9\\y-2=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=8\end{matrix}\right.$
Vậy: (x,y)=(12;8)
Bình luận (0)
24 tháng 3 lúc 21:18
x,y∈Z
Theo bài ra:x-y=4⇔x=4+y
thay x=4+y vào$\dfrac{x-3}{y-2}=\dfrac{3}{2}$ta có:
$\dfrac{y+4-3}{y-2}=\dfrac{3}{2}$ ⇔$\dfrac{y+1}{y-2}=\dfrac{3}{2}$
⇔2(y+1)=3(y-2)
⇔2y+2=3y-6
⇔y=8(thỏa mãn)⇒x=y+4=8+4=12(thỏa mãn)
Vậy x=12;y=8
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16 tháng 3 lúc 22:11
6/7
Bình luận (0)
16 tháng 3 lúc 22:12
6/13
Bình luận (0)
16 tháng 3 lúc 22:14
Tổng số học sinh cả lớp là:
24+28=52(học sinh)
Số học sinh nam chiếm: $\dfrac{24}{52}=\dfrac{12}{26}=\dfrac{6}{13}$(phần)
Bình luận (0)
3 tháng 3 lúc 9:30
Ta có: $\dfrac{2n+15}{n+1}=\dfrac{2\left(n+1\right)+13}{n+1}=2+\dfrac{13}{n+1}$
Nên để $\dfrac{2n+15}{n+1}$ là số nguyên thì:
$\dfrac{13}{n+1}\in Z$
=> 13 ⋮ n + 1
=> n + 1 ∈ Ư (13)
=> n + 1 ∈ {1; -1; 13; -13}
=> n ∈ {0; -2; 12; -14}
Bình luận (0)
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https://jp.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/cody/problems/520-choose-the-best-fitting-dominoes/solutions/345166
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Cody
# Problem 520. Choose the best fitting dominoes
Solution 345166
Submitted on 4 Nov 2013 by John
This solution is locked. To view this solution, you need to provide a solution of the same size or smaller.
### Test Suite
Test Status Code Input and Output
1 Pass
list = {[1 3; 2 4; 5 6],[4 6; 2 5;6 7],[3 4; 6 1; 4 6]} selections = [2 1 2]; assert(isequal(ChooseBestFittingDominoes(list),selections))
list = [3x2 double] [3x2 double] [3x2 double] ans = 2 1 2
2 Pass
%% list = {[1 5; 2 3; 2 2; 3 4; 0 3], [0 4; 1 5; 2 2; 4 5; 4 6], [7 7; 3 8; 4 7; 5 9; 0 4]}; selections = [4 4 4]; assert(isequal(ChooseBestFittingDominoes(list),selections))
ans = 4 4 4
3 Pass
%% list = {[1 4; 2 2; 1 1; 3 3],[1 2; 2 3],[2 2]}; selections = [3 1 1]; assert(isequal(ChooseBestFittingDominoes(list),selections))
ans = 3 1 1
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The OEIS Foundation is supported by donations from users of the OEIS and by a grant from the Simons Foundation.
Hints (Greetings from The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences!)
A038739 T(n,n-2), array T as in A038738. 2
1, 7, 30, 103, 314, 895, 2455, 6590, 17480, 46070, 121016, 317342, 831465, 2177613, 5702054, 14929365, 39087010, 102332805, 267912735, 701406940, 1836309856, 4807524652, 12586266400, 32951277148, 86267567969, 225851430035 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET 2,2 LINKS FORMULA Sixth diagonal of array defined by T(i, 1)=T(1, j)=1, T(i, j)=Max(T(i-1, j)+T(i-1, j-1); T(i-1, j-1)+T(i, j-1)) - Benoit Cloitre, Aug 05 2003 G.f.: x^2/[(1-3x+x^2)(1-x)^4]. a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n}(binomial(n+3,k+4)*Fibonacci(k)). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Oct 24 2016 PROG (Maxima) a(n):=sum(binomial(n+3, k+4)*fib(k), k, 0, n); /* Vladimir Kruchinin, Oct 24 2016 */ CROSSREFS Sequence in context: A256225 A232093 A045889 * A038798 A276289 A062455 Adjacent sequences: A038736 A038737 A038738 * A038740 A038741 A038742 KEYWORD nonn AUTHOR Clark Kimberling, May 02 2000 STATUS approved
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Last modified August 13 00:27 EDT 2020. Contains 336441 sequences. (Running on oeis4.)
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https://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/134577/what-is-congruence-in-lambda-calculus
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# What is congruence in lambda-calculus
I see a lot of lecture notes where they use the term "congruence" (ex: congruence relation) or deriving usages such as "the expression e is alpha-congruent to e2".
Could someone please explain what congurence means exactly in this context and give some examples to a noob without much knowledge about math/lambda-calculus.
• Have you checked Wikipedia? How about the lecture notes? They should define all terms used. Commented Jan 19, 2021 at 20:30
"Congruence" in the context of lambda calculus is usually "alpha-congruence". "alpha-congruent" means "differring only if at all in the names of bound variables".
For instance, $$\lambda x. x \equiv_\alpha \lambda y.y$$ and $$\lambda xy.x(xy) \equiv_\alpha \lambda yx.y(yx)$$ (bound variables $$x$$ and $$y$$ were swapped), but $$\lambda x.x \not \equiv_\alpha \lambda x.xy$$ (different term structure).
Formally,
$$P[\lambda x.M] \equiv_{1\alpha} P[\lambda y.M[y/x]]$$
where $$P[\lambda x.M]$$ means that $$\lambda x.M$$ is a subterm in $$P$$, $$y$$ is a new variable that does not occur free in $$M$$, and $$M[y/x]$$ is the result of substituting every occurrence of $$x$$ with $$y$$ in $$M$$;
$$P \equiv_\alpha Q \text{ iff } P = P_1 \equiv_{1\alpha} \ldots \equiv_{1\alpha} P_n = Q$$
i.e. $$P$$ is alpha-congruent to $$Q$$ if there is a chain of bound variable renamings from $$P$$ to $$Q$$.
The idea is that alpha-congruent terms "mean" the same, because the choice of names for bound variables does not affect a term's behavior in abstraction and application.
Generally speaking, in algebra, a congruence relation is an equivalence relation such that operations on equivalent objects yield equivalent objects. In the lambda calculus, a congruence is an equivalence relation such that constructing terms from equivalent terms yields equivalent terms: if $$M \equiv M'$$ and $$N \equiv N'$$ then $$M\,N \equiv M\,N'$$, and if $$M \equiv M'$$ then $$\lambda x.M \equiv \lambda x.M'$$.
“Alpha congruence” is another name for alpha equivalence, which is the relation such that two terms are alpha-equivalent if they are, intuitively speaking, the same except for renaming internal variables. Since this is not only an equivalence but even a congruence, it's called both “alpha equivalence” and “alpha congruence”.
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http://mathhelpforum.com/math-topics/223120-243-3-a.html
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243 = a^3
2. ## Re: 243 = a^3
Take the cube root of each side:
$243=a^3$
$243^{1/3} = (a^3)^{1/3} = a$
3. ## Re: 243 = a^3
If the question is "what is a" then the answer is obviously $a= 243^{1/3}$. Now, you might, if you are required to, find the prime factors (start by dividing by 3) and simplify that. Since you made no attempt yourself, it is impossible to determine what you want to do or what you have been asked to do.
( But $3^3= 27$, NOT 243!!)
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mediaphotos/iStock/GettyImages
# How to Use a Chi-Square Test in Nursing Research
#### Growth Trends for Related Jobs
Pearson's chi-square used in nursing research or any other research identifies the significance of related variables. There are three types of variables in a hypothesis: Control, the part of the experiment that is being compared, the “norm”; Dependent, the factor that should be changed by the experiment or test; Independent, the aspect that is expected to change in the experiment. The focus of nursing research is providing superior nursing care. The test of chi-square is determining whether the null hypothesis is true, false or no change in variables.
## Pearson's Chi-Square
Decide on a hypothesis that should be tested. Such as, a nurse wants to discover whether there is a correlation or relationship between fever and persons exposed to the cold. The expected outcome is that 90 patients out of 100 will develop a fever from being exposed to the cold.
Gather data. Out of 100 patients, 75 experience a fever when exposed to the cold, while 25 experience a fever without being exposed to the cold. These are the aspects of the experiment that have been observed.
Calculate: The number of patients observed with a fever from the cold, 75. Subtract the number of expected patients with fever, 90. 75-90=15, multiply by 2 or square, 30, ignore the negative.
Divide 30 against the expected number of cases, 90. 0.33.
Determine the degrees of freedom or df. Degrees of freedom are the calculated by dividing the number of cases compared with the number of cases compared. In this case the equation would be 100/100=1. This determines whether or not the probability is significant. In this case, p=0.05, p is found on the chi-square probability table.
Find .01 under p=0.05 on the chi-square distribution table. In this case, chi-square equals, 47.4. Meaning the null hypothesis is proven true or exposure to the cold causes a fever 47 percent of the time.
#### Tip
Chi-square must be computed carefully. It is easy to miss a step and receive a false negative or false positive.
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Mechanical Work Mechanical Work | HBM
# Mechanical work via force/displacement integration with PMX
Force/displacement integration with PMX for measuring measurement work
## Introduction
Mechanical work performed W will be measured by integrating force F over displacements.
(Because the processing is time-discrete, this is actually a summation, however the term integration will still be used here.)
The beginning and end of the integration are determined by measurable events such as fixed displacement or force values or signal edges on a digital input.
## Procedure
Integration over displacement is achieved by first deriving the displacement based on the time, multiplying by F and then integrating with time again:
#### Example A
Integration over displacement from s1 to s2:
In this case events s=s1 and s=2 determine the beginning and end of the integration. These points on the displacement axis must in any case be reached during the process. Otherwise the beginning or end will not be detected.
#### Example B
Measuring the maximum value of work. This is useful, for example, if the full scale of the displacement is undetermined or cannot be reached reliably.
Integration begins and ends at the same point on the displacement axis s=s1: W = ∮F(s) * ds.
Work may decrease during the return stroke, for example due to spring relaxation. The maximum value is retained with a Peak block.
## Appendix
Details of the glyphs in example A:
Please note that the Hold block comes before the Peak block in the order of calculations. Thus the edge of Flag_01 first results in the Hold function and then causes the Peak block to be reset.
## Tip
In example A the Hold block is already reset during the return. If the value needs to be held for longer, the block could for example be reset externally by a digital signal or by an additional Trigger block.
## Disclaimer
These examples are simply for the purpose of illustration. They cannot be used as the basis for any warranty or liability claims.
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https://www.wyzant.com/resources/answers/14713/a_cement_walk_of_constant_width_is_built_around_a_20_ft_by_40_ft_rectangular_pool_the_total_area_of_the_pool_and_the_walk_is_1500ft_sq_find_the_width_of_walk
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0
# a cement walk of constant width is built around a 20-ft by 40-ft rectangular pool. The total area of the pool and the walk is 1500ft sq. Find the width of walk
### 3 Answers by Expert Tutors
Sarah F. | Experienced teacher; will tutor for all high school math coursesExperienced teacher; will tutor for all ...
1
I drew this because pictures help me visualize the problem.
I named the rectangles 1, 2, 3, and 4. The width of the walk is x.
________
| |__3__| | x
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|1| |2 |
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| |_____| |
|_|__4__|_|
x
Let x be the width of the walk. The area of the pool would be 800 square feet (20x40). So the area of the walk must be 1500 - 800, or 700 square feet. Now we have to find ways to represent the area of the walk using only these values: 20, 40, x, and the total area, 700.
First, break up the walk into 4 rectangles. In the picture above, I broke the walk up into two long rectangles (#1 and 2) whose lengths are: the length of the pool (40) plus an x for the width of the walk at the top of the pool, plus another x to account for the width of the walk at the bottom of the pool. So their lengths are 40 + 2x. And their widths are x, the width of the walk.
I also have two small rectanges (#3 and 4) whose lengths are the width of the pool (20) and whose widths are x, the width of the walk.
Now that we now the lengths and widths of all four rectangles, we can find their areas (LxW):
Area of rectangle 1: (40 + 2x)(x) = 40x + 2x2
Area of rectangle 2: (40 + 2x)(x) = 40x + 2x2
Area of rectangle 3: (20)(x) = 20x
Area of rectangle 4: (20)(x) = 20x
As we already found, we know that the area of the entire walk must be 700 sq ft. So we add the areas of all 4 rectangles together and set it equal to 700. Then we can solve for x, the width of the walk.
40x + 2x2 + 40x + 2x2 + 20x + 20x = 700 *add all areas together, set = to 700
4x2 + 120x = 700 *combine like terms
4x2 + 120x - 700 = 0 *subtract 700 from both sides
*Note: Now that the right hand side of the equation is 0, we can try to factor this quadratic equation.
*Since every number is divisible by 4, we can simplify the problem to:
x2 + 30x - 175 = 0
*At this point you can factor or use the quadratic formula. This does factor easily:
(x - 5)(x + 35) = 0
*Split into two problems:
x - 5 = 0 OR x + 35 = 0
x = 5 OR x = -35
**Since the width of anything cannot be negative, we know the answer is x = 5. So the width of the walk is 5 feet all the way around the pool.**
The width cannot be 5 feet.
40 x 20 = 800
(40 + 5) x (20 + 5) = 1500
(45)(25) ? 1500
However...
(40 + 10) x (20 + 10) = 1500
(50)(30) = 1500
Yes, precisely.. The reason why 10 works is because the walk is 5 feet on BOTH sides of the pool. The first equation should be written:
(40 + 2x)(20 + 2x) = 1500
Now you can substitute 5 in for x.
You cannot double the x, without doubling the 40 and 20.
The pool and walkway is 50 x 30=1500
The pool is 40 x 20=800
The walkway is 10 on all four sides.
Thank you for the answer, I had originally gotten that after going over the question, but was not sure of it.
Good for you! Glad to help assure you :)
Vivian L. | Microsoft Word/Excel/Outlook, essay composition, math; I LOVE TO TEACHMicrosoft Word/Excel/Outlook, essay comp...
3.0 3.0 (1 lesson ratings) (1)
0
Hi Josh;
Thank you for asking this question.
(20 + x) (40 + x) = 1500
x represents the additional width you are looking for.
I do not know your educational background. I am therefore going to assume you have not yet learned FOIL.
FIRST...20 x 40 = 800
OUTER...20x
INNER...40x
LAST...(x)(x)=x2
The equation is now...
800 + 20x + 40x + x2=1500
Let's simplify and subtract 800 from both sides...
-800 + 800 + 60x+ x2=1500-800
Simplify...
60x + x2=700
The answer can only be obtained through visual inspection. I tried everything to isolate the x and calculate.
x=10 feet.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Vivian, I am in sixth grade and you're such an idiot. If 10 is used for x, then it will grant you an area of 2400 square feet...
Andre W. | Friendly tutor for ALL math and physics coursesFriendly tutor for ALL math and physics ...
5.0 5.0 (3 lesson ratings) (3)
0
Let x be the constant width of the walk that we need to find. Then the total area of the pool and the walk is given by
A = (40+2x)(20+2x) = 4x²+120x+800
Set this equal to 1500 and simplify:
4x²+120x+800=1500
4x²+120x-700=0
x²+30x-175=0
Use the quadratic formula or factoring to find the two solutions of this quadratic equation:
x = -35 and 5
Since x has to be positive, the solution is x=5 ft.
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https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/342051/can-i-compare-a-pedestrian-being-hit-by-a-car-to-it-falling-from-a-certain-heigh
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# Can I compare a pedestrian being hit by a car to it falling from a certain height to the ground?
Let's say I want to teach kinetic and potential energy and I'd like to use an example that students can remember. The original idea is to show that speed (being squared) in the kinetic energy formula proves to be very important in the energy being delivered to a body. If a car travels in a 30 km/h limit zone with 34 km/h, how much more impact do those 4 extra km/h make when hitting a pedestrian (no braking)? You can compute the Joules difference but it doesn't say much on how it impacts the pedestrian. I thought about making this kinetic energy equal to the potential energy of a body falling to the ground and using the computed equivalent heights to show how much more dangerous it is. Is this a too simple model to be good enough?
• It's not as sexy as car on ped collisions, but the comparison is if I free-fall from 10 meters up, I go 10 m/s, but I need to go 41 meters up to get to 20 m/s, and I need to go 92 meters up to get to 30m/s. That graph should look a lot like a square root function. Change units as needed... Commented Jun 29, 2017 at 18:11
• I'd like to go from a very practical and useful example of real life towards the theory so that most students can follow the logical association between the KE and PE. I hope it would be easy to remember because of the practical/emotional aspect. Elastic/Inelastic balls that collide and graphs I would leave for the second part where the students not interested in physics will probably space out. Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 8:54
• Knife penetration depth might be sexy enough... Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 15:35
Asking "how much more impact" is not a well defined question so it will be difficult to associate a quantity to it. You could indeed calculate the height corresponding to the PE equal to the extra KE. It does not mean that the effects on the body are the same in the two cases. In this case, considering a 2000 kg car and 100 kg man, the extra KE of the car will correspond to the man falling from about 20 m. But the extra energy is not transferred to the man. The tricky part is to find how much energy is transferred to the man by impact and this is not trivial. The collision is neither perfectly elastic, nor perfectly inelastic (they don't stick together). So the amount of KE transferred will depend on the details of the collision. Maybe you could consider an elastic collision as a model (the energy transferred to the body is maxim in this case) and calculate the difference in energy transferred. If you convert it to PE of the body it will be less than 4 m, still significant and more realistic probably than the 20 m. People often survive accidents produced by cars running at 34 km/h but not so falls from 20 m.
• With the elastic collision it would be a more difficult model to understand for students who are not that interested in physics. Maybe an example with a boxer trying to improve its punch is something better since both bodies have similar mass. A boxer can try and put more weight into a punch but he still needs to stay on his feet so this mass has limits. Then, the only thing he can try to improve is to punch with more speed to deliver more kinetic energy to the opponent. Then I could compare this to a, let's say, 15 kg ball falling from a certain height like in the car example... Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 8:33
• yes if you are roughly speaking, other external forces and phenomenons like elasticity, friction, dissipation of energy can be ignored. As I said you can absolutely compare the impact made physically by taking an example of a mass falling from a height, but in realistic world, the falling body would make more impact on the pedestrian than the moving car. Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 10:37
Yes, the example makes sense. Assuming the poor pedestrian was at rest before the impact hence its momentum will be zero too. Therefore the car will transfer its entire Kinetic Energy to the pedestrian and he will start moving at the velocity at which the car was moving earlier(ignoring all the frictional forces). You can absolutely calculate the impact made by car due to a 4 km/h difference by computing the Joule difference. As the example of a body falling to the ground from a certain height, this scenario will not exactly match with the one of the car accident, because in this example of falling body, the Potential Energy will be converted into Kinetic Energy and hence on impact the pedestrian will feel the same force, but because of the presence of ground beneath him he will then have no Kinetic Energy and will remain at rest. The impact caused by both will be same but the final state of motion of the pedestrian will change.
• The car won't transfer its entire KE to the pedestrian unless the car and pedestrian have the same mass and the collision is perfectly elastic. None of these conditions apply.
– nasu
Commented Jun 29, 2017 at 17:14
• I think this does not have any relation with mass, but it entirely depends on the momentum of the two bodies, which is mass times its velocity, as I clearly said - "ignoring the frictional forces" I referred to external forces, elasticity should be considered if we are talking about a more realistic scenario Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 10:33
• roughly speaking, I assumed that both of the bodies are rigid masses and that the pedestrian was at rest, his momentum was zero, and therefore there were no resistive forces exerted by the pedestrian on the car, and so the car will transfer its entire kinetic energy to the pedestrian, exactly like the Newton's Cradle. Commented Jun 30, 2017 at 10:34
• Yes, in these condition the car will NOT transfer its entire kinetic energy. Just look up the formulas for elastic collisions. In what conditions will the incoming body remain at rest after collision? In Newton's cradle the balls have the same mass. You can play with a simulation to try yourself to find the conditions for total KE transfer. phet.colorado.edu/sims/collision-lab/collision-lab_en.html
– nasu
Commented Jul 1, 2017 at 21:06
• But dont you think it also depends on the momentum of two bodies, since the pedestrian was at rest his v=0 therefore momentum = 0 Commented Jul 2, 2017 at 9:05
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# Doesn't an integral domain automatically imply that is it is of characteristic zero?
I was reading about Ring Theory from the book Topics in Algebra by I.N Herstein. I encountered the following definitions:
• Definition 1: If $$a\neq 0$$ is in a commutative ring $$R,$$ such that there exists a $$b(\neq 0)\in R$$ such that $$ab=0$$, (,where $$0$$ is the zero element of $$R$$), then $$a$$ is called a zero-divisor of $$a.$$
• Definition 2: A commutative ring is called an integral domain if it has no zero-divisor.
• Definition 3: An integral domain $$D$$ is said to be of characteristic $$0$$ if the relation $$ma=0,$$ where $$a\neq 0$$ is in $$D$$ and where $$m$$ is an integer, can hold only if $$m=0.$$
I feel that in fact all the integral domains $$D$$ are of characteristic $$0,$$ as since, $$D$$ is an integral domain it is never possible that $$ab=0$$ with $$a\neq 0 ,b\neq 0.$$ So, if say, $$pq=0$$ then, $$p=0$$ or $$q=0.$$ Again, if $$p\neq 0$$ then, surely $$q=0.$$
So, isn't it unnecessary to write Definition $$3$$ ? This is because Definition $$2$$ implies Definition $$3$$ we are just giving another name for integral domains, right?
Please correct me, if I am mistaken.
• @infinitezero Maybe. Commented Jul 24, 2023 at 10:22
• This would be true if any commutative ring contained the ring of integers, but it doesn't. And that's precisely the point of characteristic. Commented Jul 24, 2023 at 11:05
• There is already a perfect answer, but the integrity domain thing means that we cannot have $ab=0$ for members $a,b\in R$ unless one of $a$ and $b$ is zero in $R$. The characteristic zero thing means that we cannot have $ma=0$ where $m\in\mathbb{Z}$ and $a\in R$ unless either $m=0\in\mathbb{Z}$ or $a$ is zero in $R$. In writing $ma$ we are not using the ring multiplication, but are instead seeing $R$ as a module over $\mathbb{Z}$, so $m$ can be thought os as a sort of scalar that is multiplied by the element of the ring. Commented Jul 24, 2023 at 13:53
You are mistaken: for example, the ring $$\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$$ (or more generally, $$\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$$ for $$p$$ prime) is an integral domain but does not have characteristic zero.
The point is that we have to distinguish between multiplication by "true integers" (which is relevant to calculating the characteristic) and multiplication by ring elements (which is relevant to integral domain-ness); inside $$\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$$ the only nonzero element is $$1$$, so to check that it's an integral domain you just need to check that $$1\cdot 1\not=0$$.
It's a good exercise to show for integers $$n \geq 2$$ that $$\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$$ is an integral domain iff $$n$$ is prime.
• To slightly expand on this answer: the definition of the characteristic of a ring only uses the operation $+$ and the constants $0$ and $1$. On the other hand, the definition of an integral domain only uses the operation $\cdot$ and the constant $0$. Commented Jul 24, 2023 at 13:01
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Saturday
December 3, 2016
# Posts by RUDY
Total # Posts: 59
math 142
1,000 are deposited into an account quarterly  for eight years at an interest rate of 7.87.8​% compounded quarterly. How much is in the account at the end of the 88 ​years? 
October 31, 2016
Personal Finance
Jarell Tarver invested \$20,000 in the Boyd Kern Mutual Fund (Type A). The net asset value is \$21.34 per share. The fund is front-loaded with a loading rate of 5.25%. What is the loading charge?
February 18, 2016
Personal Finance
Jody Asbell and three of her friends purchased a small shopping center in their town. They paid \$985,090 and made a down payment of \$125,000. They rented five of the stores for \$3,400 each per month. Their annual expenses were mortgage interest of \$65,000, depreciation of 3% ...
February 18, 2016
american history
Which of the following is true with regards to the Navigation Acts by the eighteenth century? A. The Navigation Act of 1696 abolished the American customs service.
December 9, 2015
Algebra 2
Is my work for this problem correct? Directions: State the possible rational zeros for each function. Question: f(x) = 3x^2 + 2x – 1 Answer: Constant term:-1 Factors: 1 Leading coefficient:3 Factors: 1 and 3 ±1/1,3= ±1/1,3 and ±1/1,3 = ±1/1 and...
November 19, 2015
englis :(((
C). Change these active sentences to passive. 1. People speak Portuguese in Brazil. 2. The Government is planning a new road near my house. 3. My grandfather built this house in 1943. 4. Picasso was painting Guernica at that time. 5. The Cleaner has cleaned the office. 6. He ...
May 19, 2015
english help me
A). Put the verb into the correct form! (conditional sentences) 1. If I offered the job, I think I "will take" (take) it. <--- EXAMPLE 2. I'm sure Tom will lend you some money, I would be very suprised if he ________(refuse) thank you^^ 3. Many people would ...
May 18, 2015
spanish
Each of the Spanish sentences below is incorrect in either grammar or meaning. Rewrite each sentence correctly. 1. El rey que canta está tocando el tambor. The king that used to sing is playing the drum. 2. Él y ella está tomando jugo. He and she are ...
July 15, 2014
accounting
Pattillo Industries makes a product that sells for \$25 a unit. The product has a \$5 per unit variable cost and total fixed costs of \$9,000. At budgeted sales of 1,000 units, the margin of safety percentage is 45%, 55%, 64%, none of these
November 14, 2013
trigo math
7. Prove that tan B sin B + cos B = sec B. 11. Prove that tanλ cos^2λ +sin^2λ/sinλ = cos λ + sin λ. 12. Prove that 1+tanθ/1+tanθ = sec^2θ+2tanθ/ 1-tan^2θ. 21. Prove that sin^2w-cos^2w/ tan w sin w...
December 13, 2012
Calculus
Given the function y=(x^2-5/x+3), answer the following questions. a) Find dy/dx. Simplify your answer b) Find the coordinates of any points on the graph of y where the tangent line is horizontal. Show your work. c) Are there any points on the graph of y where the tangent line ...
December 5, 2012
Calculus
the slope of the line tangent to the curve y=(tanx/cosx) at x=(pi/3) is? a)-8 b)2√3 c)3√2 d)8 e)14
December 5, 2012
Calculus
Use n = 6 subdivisions and left endpoints to estimate the area under the graph of f(x) = 2x + 1 between x = 0 and x = 3.
December 5, 2012
Calculus
Use n = 3 subdivisions and left endpoints to estimate the area under the graph of f(x) = 3x 2 + 1 between x = 0 and x = 1.
December 5, 2012
Calculus
Set up a Riemann sum to estimate the area under the graph of f(x) = 5x 2 + 2 between x = 0 and x = 1 using 3 subdivisions and left endpoints. Draw the graph and the 3 rectangles
December 5, 2012
Calculus
1. Determine whether Rolle's Theorem applied to the function f(x)=((x-6)(x+4))/(x+7)^2 on the closed interval[-4,6]. If Rolle's Theorem can be applied, find all numbers of c in the open interval (-4,6) such that f'(c)=0. 2. Determine whether the Mean Value Theorem ...
October 31, 2012
Calculus
1. Find all relative extrema of the function f(x)=x^(6/7)-3. Use the Second Derivative Test where applicable. 2. Find all relative extrema of the function f(x)=2x^4-16x^3+4. Use the Second Derivative Test where applicable.
October 30, 2012
Calculus
1. For the function f(x)=4x^3-30x^2+4: a) Find the critical numbers of f(if any); b) Find the open intervals where the function is increasing or decreasing; and c) Apply the First Derivative Test to identify all relative extrema 2. For the function f(x)=(x-1)^(8/11) a) Find ...
October 30, 2012
Calculus
Thank youu(:
October 29, 2012
Calculus
If the line 3x-4y=0 is tangent in the first quadrant to the curve y=x^3+k, then k is a: 1/2 b: 1/4 c: 0 d: -1/8 e: -1/2
October 29, 2012
Calculus
Thanks ^.^
October 29, 2012
Calculus
1. For a differentiable function f, f' be the funcyion defined by f'(x) lim h->0 =f(x+h)-f(x-h)/(h) a: Determine f'(x) for f(x)=x b: Determine f'(x) for f(x)=x^2
October 29, 2012
Calculus
A particle moves along a horizontal line so that at any time t its position is given by x(t)=cost-t. Time is measured in seconds and x is measured in meters. a.) Find the velocity as a function t. Use your answer to determine the velocity of the particle when t=pi/6 seconds. ...
October 14, 2012
Calculus
Thank You so much for all the answers(:
October 8, 2012
Calculus
Find the second derivative of the function. g(x)=x^6secx
October 8, 2012
Calculus
Write an equation of the line that passes through the point (i) parallel to the given value, and (ii) perpendicular to the given line. Point(7,1) Line(-5x-5y=90)
October 8, 2012
Calculus
Find the slope of the graph of the function at the given value. h(z)=z^(2/7)-z^(5/8) when z=7
October 8, 2012
MATH
√(x+5)-√(x-3)=2
April 4, 2012
math
Find the present value of \$30000 due 14 years later at 7.8%, compounded continuously.
March 22, 2012
physics
Physics force-a bat hits a baseball and applies a force of 450 newtons to the ball.how much force does the ball exert on the bat
November 17, 2011
calculus
Find the equation of the line that is tangent to the graph of: x^2cosy +5y^2=(1/4)x^2 , at the point (2π,π)
October 15, 2011
American Gov
How does Congress affect the agenda of the President?
February 25, 2011
College Algebra
Solve the system: 4x-3y=-3 y=6x-13 What is the value of y in the function?
December 11, 2010
Look at these number . What does the digit 2 mean in each number 2 23 247
October 7, 2010
Fiance
If a father wants to have \$100,000 to send a newborn child to college, how much must he invest annually for 18 years if he earns 9 percent on his funds?
August 20, 2010
math
1.8 and 3.5. I just used guess and check. I knew that the numbers had to be under 5.3. Also, the number in the tenths place had to add up to 13 or 3, so 1.8 and 3.5.
December 13, 2009
1.8 and 3.5
December 13, 2009
English
"Continuous transformation of the universe" could basically be written as "the passing of time." In general the phrase means "humans, as well as towns, die and are born as time passes."
December 13, 2009
Physics
Determine the tension in the string at the top and bottom of its path when a 0.3 kg yo-yo is whirled in a vertical circle of radius 0.5 m at 2.5 m/s. I'm sure I can solve this, I just can't find the equation for tension. The only equation I could find in my book is if ...
December 13, 2009
chemistry
why is iodine dissolved in alcohol and used as tincture of iodine on wounds?
October 3, 2009
DQ
Determine which factors may explain that most of the higher per-pupil expenditures are found in the Northeastern and upper Midwest states and the lower per-pupil expenditures are found in the South and West. In your opinion, what needs to happen to create a balance in school ...
November 18, 2008
calculus
(f o g)(3x^2) << question ...f=4x-10 g=2x^2
September 1, 2008
MATH URGENT
f(x)=12x^5+45x^4–80x^3+2 the question asks to find the inflection points but i don't seem to understand how to find this even by taking the second derivative.
May 29, 2008
math
f(x)=12x^5+45x^4–80x^3+2 the question asks to find the inflection points but i don't seem to understand how to find this even by taking the second derivative.
May 29, 2008
chem
based on the balanced eq: c6h12+9O2->6CO2+6H2O calculate the molecules of CO2 formed when 174 molecules of H20 form. im not exactly sure how to start this problem.
May 16, 2008
math
Sketch f (x) = x + cos x on [-2pie,2pie ]. Find any local extrema, inflection points, or asymptotes. And find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of f on the given interval. i cant seem to figure out how to solve this
May 15, 2008
calc
how do u get the - 8x over one?
May 8, 2008
math
lim-> 0 sin 3x/7x i keep getting 0 even using the quotient rule but htis is not the answer
May 8, 2008
math
im trying to take the derivative of this problem and plug in seven but im not getting the answer. s=t3–2t2–6t t> or equal to 0 where s is measured in meters and t in seconds. When does the particle reach a velocity of 7 m/s?
April 27, 2008
math
lim x-> -infinity 1/(sqaure root of 4/x^2 plus one) i don't understan why the answer is 1.
April 19, 2008
Algebra
the way u did it, if I try to do the others, Aren't they all true though?
February 17, 2008
math
i am not sure how the multiples of 15 come into this problem?
January 24, 2008
math
i am wondering if the following answer to my math problem is correct f(x)=x^3-4x-2 [2,3] We are doing limits and are suppose to use the Intermediate value thereom the answer i put was f(2)<o and f(3)>0
January 24, 2008
math
i am wondering if the following answer to my math problem is correct f(x)=x^3-4x-2 [2,3] the answer i put was f(20<o and f(3)>0
January 24, 2008
math
i am having trouble iwth the following math problem: lim x->oo -x/squre root 4+xsquare I am not sure if i multiple the denominator with the numerator?
January 24, 2008
SCIENCE
I NEED TO KNOW THE SYNONYMS OF THE FOLOWING WORDS. PROPERTY SOUND BOILING POIMT MELTING POINT MIXTURE SOLUTION
October 3, 2007
math
x+a=b/3x x= ? i understand that u bring the x to one side but the answer given is 3a/b-3. I do not understand how to get this answer plz help to get the answer given, your equation must have been x+a = (b/3)*x multiply each term by 3: 3x + 3a = bx 3a = bx - 3x 3a = x(b-3) then...
July 15, 2007
SYNONYMS HELP
PROPETY SOUND BOILING POINT MELTING POINT MIXTURE SOLUTION
August 23, 2005
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# 当程序员的女儿想要一个冰墩墩时
```import turtle as T
def Bingdundun():
T.Screen().title('BEIJING 2022：冰墩墩')
T.screensize(1000, 1000)
T.speed(10)
T.shape("turtle")
# 绘制头部
T.penup()
T.goto(-73, 230)
T.pencolor("gray")
T.pensize(3)
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-250, 35)
# 绘制左耳
T.circle(-42, 180)
# 绘制左边身体
T.circle(-190, 30)
T.circle(-320, 45)
# 绘制左腿
T.circle(120, 30)
T.circle(200, 12)
T.circle(-18, 85)
T.circle(-180, 23)
T.circle(-20, 110)
T.circle(15, 115)
T.circle(100, 12)
# 绘制右腿
T.circle(15, 120)
T.circle(-15, 110)
T.circle(-150, 30)
T.circle(-15, 70)
T.circle(-150, 10)
T.circle(200, 35)
T.circle(-150, 20)
# 绘制右手
T.circle(50, 30)
T.circle(-35, 200)
T.circle(-300, 23)
# 绘制右边身体
T.circle(-300, 26)
# 绘制右耳
T.circle(-53, 160)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制右耳内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(-130, 180)
T.pencolor("black")
T.pensize(1)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-28, 160)
T.circle(150, 20)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左耳内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(90, 230)
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-30, 170)
T.circle(150, 23)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制右手内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(-180, -55)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(50, 30)
T.circle(-27, 200)
T.circle(-300, 20)
T.circle(300, 14)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左腿内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(108, -168)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(110, 15)
T.circle(200, 10)
T.circle(-18, 80)
T.circle(-180, 13)
T.circle(-20, 90)
T.circle(15, 60)
T.circle(-200, 29)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制右腿内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(-38, -210)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(15, 100)
T.circle(-10, 110)
T.circle(-100, 30)
T.circle(-15, 65)
T.circle(-100, 10)
T.circle(200, 15)
T.circle(-200, 27)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左手
T.penup()
T.goto(177, 112)
T.pencolor("gray")
T.pensize(3)
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-45, 200)
T.circle(-300, 23)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左手内侧
T.penup()
T.goto(182, 95)
T.pencolor("black")
T.pensize(1)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-37, 160)
T.circle(-20, 50)
T.circle(-200, 30)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制右眼圈
T.penup()
T.goto(-64, 120)
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-35, 152)
T.circle(-100, 50)
T.circle(-35, 130)
T.circle(-100, 50)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制右眼珠
T.penup()
T.goto(-45, 55)
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(25, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(-45, 62)
T.pencolor("darkslategray")
T.fillcolor("darkslategray")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(19, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(-45, 68)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(10, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(-47, 86)
T.pencolor("white")
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(5, 360)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左眼圈
T.penup()
T.goto(51, 82)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-32, 152)
T.circle(-100, 55)
T.circle(-25, 120)
T.circle(-120, 45)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制左眼珠
T.penup()
T.goto(79, 60)
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(24, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(79, 64)
T.pencolor("darkslategray")
T.fillcolor("darkslategray")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(19, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(79, 70)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(10, 360)
T.end_fill()
T.penup()
T.goto(79, 88)
T.pencolor("white")
T.fillcolor("white")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(5, 360)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制鼻子
T.penup()
T.goto(37, 80)
T.fillcolor("black")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-8, 130)
T.circle(-22, 100)
T.circle(-8, 130)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制嘴巴
T.penup()
T.goto(-15, 48)
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(60, 70)
T.circle(-45, 100)
T.end_fill()
# 绘制项链
T.penup()
T.goto(-135, 120)
T.pensize(5)
T.pencolor("cyan")
T.pendown()
T.circle(-165, 150)
T.circle(-130, 78)
T.circle(-250, 30)
T.circle(-138, 105)
T.penup()
T.goto(-131, 116)
T.pencolor("slateblue")
T.pendown()
T.circle(-160, 144)
T.circle(-120, 78)
T.circle(-242, 30)
T.circle(-135, 105)
T.penup()
T.goto(-127, 112)
T.pencolor("orangered")
T.pendown()
T.circle(-155, 136)
T.circle(-116, 86)
T.circle(-220, 30)
T.circle(-134, 103)
T.penup()
T.goto(-123, 108)
T.pencolor("gold")
T.pendown()
T.circle(-150, 136)
T.circle(-104, 86)
T.circle(-220, 30)
T.circle(-126, 102)
T.penup()
T.goto(-120, 104)
T.pencolor("greenyellow")
T.pendown()
T.circle(-145, 136)
T.circle(-90, 83)
T.circle(-220, 30)
T.circle(-120, 100)
T.penup()
# 绘制爱心
T.penup()
T.goto(220, 115)
T.pencolor("brown")
T.pensize(1)
T.fillcolor("brown")
T.begin_fill()
T.pendown()
T.circle(-8, 180)
T.circle(-60, 24)
T.circle(-60, 24)
T.circle(-8, 180)
T.end_fill()
T.up()
# 绘制BEIJING 2022
T.pencolor("black")
T.goto(-35, -160)
T.write("BEIJING 2022", font=('Arial', 10, 'bold italic'))
# 绘制五环
T.penup()
T.goto(-25, -170)
T.pendown()
T.pencolor("blue")
T.circle(6)
T.penup()
T.goto(-10, -170)
T.pendown()
T.pencolor("black")
T.circle(6)
T.penup()
T.goto(5, -170)
T.pendown()
T.pencolor("brown")
T.circle(6)
T.penup()
T.goto(-18, -175)
T.pendown()
T.pencolor("lightgoldenrod")
T.circle(6)
T.penup()
T.goto(-4, -175)
T.pendown()
T.pencolor("green")
T.circle(6)
T.penup()
T.hideturtle() # 隐藏画笔
Bingdundun()
T.done()```
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Lorentz Transformations
1.Hey, I am rather stuck on this question which you can see in the attached PDF. Now I began by taylor expanding the Lorentz Gamma factor (γ), up to second order and inserting this into the equation wherever I saw the gamma function, then rearranging. But I can't seem to get a function for F, for me my F comes out to be 1/2
2. The relevant equations can be seen in the PDF
3. I'm new to this, so not sure how to write it all out, however I did a taylor expansion of gamma, then substituted and rearranged and ended up with F as 1/2. I know this is wrong as obviously this would act on the y and z components which it shouldn't, as they are not affected by the transformation.
Attachments
• comment05Sept(1).pdf
16.5 KB · Views: 190
Chestermiller
Mentor
Hi smallgirl. Welcome to Physics Forums.
Try making use of equations 1 and 2, and getting $Δ'\phi '-Δ\phi$. This should lead to partials with respect to t and t' only.
Hey,
I don't understand the reasoning in doing this...
Chestermiller
Mentor
Hey,
I don't understand the reasoning in doing this...
$$Δ'\phi'=Δ\phi+\frac{1}{c^2}(\frac{\partial ^2\phi'}{\partial t'^2}-\frac{\partial ^2\phi}{\partial t^2})$$
The only thing you need to do is transform $\frac{\partial ^2\phi'}{\partial t'^2}$ to the non-primed coordinate system.
EDIT: I corrected a minor error in the earlier version of this response.
Last edited:
Would this give me the function F?
Ok so I've been staring at it for a while, not sure how to get ∂2ϕ′/∂t′2 to the non-primed coordinate system
Chestermiller
Mentor
Ok so I've been staring at it for a while, not sure how to get ∂2ϕ′/∂t′2 to the non-primed coordinate system
For an arbitrary function f,
$$df=\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}dt+\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}dx$$
$$\frac{\partial f}{\partial t'}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}\frac{\partial t}{\partial t'}+\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}\frac{\partial x}{\partial t'}=γ(\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}+v\frac{\partial f}{\partial x})$$
1 person
Hey,
Yes I had actually got that, but I didn't think what I was doing was right... I figured I would then need to differentiate again?
Chestermiller
Mentor
Hey,
Yes I had actually got that, but I didn't think what I was doing was right... I figured I would then need to differentiate again?
Yes. You do need to differentiate again. I only presented this result so that I could get you pointed in the right direction. So, differentiate again and show us what you got.
I get zero...
Well ok I get this, but it seems wrong
gamma((d2f/dt'dt)+ V(d2f/dt'dx))
Last edited:
, Hey, see the attachment for what I got... Ignore the previous post...
I am really struggling with this :-(... I can't see what I am meant to be doing to get to the answer.. Like I can't see the path
Chestermiller
Mentor
View attachment 61514, Hey, see the attachment for what I got... Ignore the previous post...
I am really struggling with this :-(... I can't see what I am meant to be doing to get to the answer.. Like I can't see the path
You need a little practice doing coordinate transformations. Check this out:
$$\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial t'^2}=γ(\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial t\partial t'}+v\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x\partial t'})$$
Ahh your kidding me right? I had that originally a you can see from my previous post
Anyways, given that I don't know what f is.. I'm not sure how to proceed
Chestermiller
Mentor
Ahh your kidding me right? I had that originally a you can see from my previous post
Anyways, given that I don't know what f is.. I'm not sure how to proceed
f is just an arbitrary function of the primed and/or the unprimed variables. Just substitute phi for f. Remember that, at a given location in 4D space time, phi prime is the same as phi.
Hey,
Yeah I did that and substituted it in and got this
I'm confused as to where and when I'd do a Taylor expansion? Do I just Taylor expand the Lorentz factor? But that seems a bit wrong....
Chestermiller
Mentor
Hey,
Yeah I did that and substituted it in and got this View attachment 61516
I'm confused as to where and when I'd do a Taylor expansion? Do I just Taylor expand the Lorentz factor? But that seems a bit wrong....
This is not what I got. Check the math. I got:
$$\frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial t'^2}=γ^2\left(\frac{\partial ^2 \phi}{\partial t^2}+2v\frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial x\partial t}+v^2\frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial x^2}\right)$$
Hey so I figured the maths out and arrived at what you have..... Not sure what I'm meant to do now... I'm utterly lost....
Hmm maybe taylor expand gamma and then substitute in?
Last edited:
Chestermiller
Mentor
View attachment 61519
Hey so I figured the maths out and arrived at what you have..... Not sure what I'm meant to do now... I'm utterly lost....
OK. You're almost done. Now you substitute this back into the equation relating the Δ's, and combine the two terms containing the second partials with respect to t, by reducing them to a common denominator. It looks like your final result is going to have a linear term in v/c, which apparently the original problem statement omitted. At this point, you can approximate the γ's by 1. You will have 3 terms on the rhs, one with a factor of v/c and two with factors of (v/c)2. In any event, the presence of the linear term in v/c will not change the main conclusion from the problem statement.
Chet
I don't understand what you mean by reducing them to a common denominator..
Chestermiller
Mentor
I don't understand what you mean by reducing them to a common denominator..
$$γ^2-1=\frac{1}{1-(\frac{v}{c})^2}-1=\frac{(\frac{v}{c})^2}{1-(\frac{v}{c})^2}=γ^2(\frac{v}{c})^2$$
Chestermiller
Mentor
As I mentioned earlier, I get a result different from Eqn. 3 in your problem statement. I get
$$Δ'\phi'=Δ\phi+E\left(\frac{v}{c}\right)+F\left(\frac{v}{c}\right)^2+...$$
where
$$E=\frac{2}{c}\frac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial t\partial x}$$
and
$$F=\left(\frac{1}{c^2}\frac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial t^2}+\frac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial x^2}\right)$$
I have confidence in what I did, but no one is perfect. Do you have any idea what answer the book gives? Does it present a solution?
Chet
Hey,
I've yet to go through your solution and see how that works out for me, however this is what I came up with( see attachment)... Not sure how accurate the logic is...either way, I am soooo grateful for your help, so thank you soooo much!
I have no answer to check with...
In your solution I have worked through it, but I can't see where you get the ( 1/c^2)from... Right at the begining
Last edited:
Chestermiller
Mentor
In your solution I have worked through it, but I can't see where you get the ( 1/c^2)from... Right at the begining
In special relativity, we either absorb the c within the symbol t (and call t light-years), or we retain the c in the equations (and call t years) but we don't do both. Your problem statement (incorrectly) does both. In the Lorentz Transformation, c is retained, while in the differential equations, c is absorbed. I put the c back into the differential equation so it is consistent with the form of the Lorentz Transformation used in the problem statement. Without the c in the differential equation, if t is regarded as time, the units of time and distance in the differential equation are not consistent.
I looked through your last hand-written development, and there are algebra errors in the last two lines (especially if you correctly include c in these relations).
Chet
Ahh so should I have expanded the whole thing then, and then rearranged?
Chestermiller
Mentor
Ahh so should I have expanded the whole thing then, and then rearranged?
Sure...and don't forget to include those c2's in the denominator.
Chestermiller
Mentor
Ahh so should I have expanded the whole thing then, and then rearranged?
Sure...and don't forget to include those missing c2's.
Hmm.... Arg something tells me I'd be better off starting again from scratch and setting c to 1.... Would the answer be similar to yours but without the c factors?
Chestermiller
Mentor
Hmm.... Arg something tells me I'd be better off starting again from scratch and setting c to 1.... Would the answer be similar to yours but without the c factors?
Yes, but you would have to set the c's equal to 1 in the Lorentz Transformation equations, and set the c's to 1 in the problem statement solution. You would also probably want to change all the v's to betas. Actually, I anticipate a disaster if you try to do this. Actually, all you need to do is put a 1/c2 in front of the time derivative terms in the first equation and everything will then be consistent.
Chet
Last edited:
Hey!
Just want to say, thank you soo much for having patience with me :-). I got the answer you had by adding the 1/c^2 factor and following what you did! Thank you soo much I massively appreciate what you did. Thank you :-)
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# A No – Nonsense Interactive Notebook for Area of a Triangle Activitiy
This FREE interactive notebook is perfect for helping children understand why the formula for finding the area of a triangle is 1/2 b x h. This is an easy and fun Area of a Triangle Activities.
### The free printable can be found at the END of this post. Click on the blue “get your free printable here” button.
We do a lot of singing at home! Little brains can memorize enormous amounts of information, and my boys love to belt out songs as they work through their memory work.
At the beginning of the year, you could hear us skip counting out our songs, but now our focus has changed. We are learning the formulas for area….and I wanted my boys to learn a little about what they were singing.
So it was time for a little Area of Rectangles and Area of Triangle Activities.
You may also like this area and perimeter activity with two different levels:
## Prep Work for Interactive Notebook Area Of Triangles Activities
Most of the work for this printable happens during the lesson….so it is easy to get set up.
• First, print off pages.
• Finally, gather up pencils, glue, scissors and math notebooks
## Directions –
#### Set-up
1. The first step is to cut out the notebook and glue the middle four squares into the notebook. Cut out the title and glue that at the top of the math notebook page.
2. Next, fold the two flap in. If your kiddos have the time they can decorate the flaps by writing rectangles on the first flap and triangles on the second flap.
3. Finally, cut on the dotted lines
#### Instruction time:
The first thing we did was cut out two rectangles or squares that are equal and glued one square in the first box.
Next, we counted up the squares in the shape to figure out the area.
Now it was time to apply for our memory work from cycle 3 week 16 in math. We sang our song about what the area of a rectangle entered and then wrote in our formula.I prefer using b x h, but our memory work has the children learning width times height. They wrote down l x h and I wrote down b x h. This way they could see that both of these formulas work.
Our next step was to use the square to write in the numbers for the formula. It is important to let them know that you are not counting the squares, but the lines (the part you would use to figure out perimeter)
#### Area of a Triangle Time
After figuring out the area of a rectangle, it is time to tackle the triangle. To begin, we cut our square or rectangle in half so that we had two triangles. We glued one in and kept the other triangle nearby.
(When gluing the triangle in, it will work best if you make it a right triangle. It is much easier for the children to see what the height is this way!)
Our next step was to count up the squares in the triangle. Both of the boys struggled with this, so we used the extra triangle. I cut along the grid lines, and then we put the squares together. They were quite surprised how close we came to making complete squares, and this point it was easy to see how many squares the triangle had.
In this example, you can see that the answer is 6.
Finally, we hit the last step. The formula for finding the area of a triangle. We sung our song for cycle 3 week 17 math which says that the area of a triangle equals ½ b x h, plugged in our numbers, and solved the problem.
(If your child struggles with figuring out 1/2 of a number, this post may help)
After all that, we discuss why ½ is used when finding the area of a triangle. I hope your children see it as clearly as mine did and they enjoy their area of triangle activities.
You’ve Got This
Rachel
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### Humans have too many fingers
by LanX (Saint)
on Jul 18, 2009 at 12:22 UTC Need Help??
#### Rule of Thumb:
To calculate dollars "accurately" with 2 decimal places, you need
to calculate right from the beginning in cents as integers!
So just calculate with integers in the desired accuracy and shift the decimal point afterwards²!
#### Background:
Floats are not accurate with decimal fractions because the computer "has only two fingers".
#### Experiment
Just try to express 1/3 accurately in decimal system!
And now imagine you're an alien with 3 fingers 4 and you have only computers that calculate in decimal fractions¹... wouldn't this annoy you, too?
#### Conclusion
Humans have too many fingers! Downsizing³ to octal system would do it...
Cheers Rolf
Footnotes:
• (¹) I have a faint memory of processors with special modes allowing to calculate in decimal system... was it 6502 or 68000? Must be the latter ...
... indeed "Although the 68000 has a 16-bit data bus... internally it can operate on ... 4-bit binary coded decimal (BCD), ..."
• (²) The shift must be a string operation. Dividing by 100 reintroduces the problem with floats!
• (³) added some images like of human reengineering. (... another - though bloody -rule of thumb ;-)
• (4) in a ternary system 0.1 exactly represents 1/3 in decimal.
Replies are listed 'Best First'.
by ig (Vicar) on Jul 18, 2009 at 15:27 UTC
Many modern processors also have support for Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) calculations, including Pentium, Itanium, PA-RISC, IBM mainframes and others. These capabilities can be used with assembly code programming or use of appropriate libraries. Standardization of decimal arithmetic was added to the new IEEE 754 2008 standard.
by spx2 (Deacon) on Jul 18, 2009 at 17:42 UTC
So just calculate with integers in the desired accuracy and shift the decimal point afterwards²!
I agree , that's what I'd do also
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# Converting nanometres and microns to millimetres
1. Oct 7, 2015
### Cliff Hanley
• Member warned about posting homework questions w/o the template
Have I got the following correct;
1 micron = 1 micrometre
1 micrometre = 1 millionth of a metre
= 10^-6m
To convert m to mm we multiply m by 1000, eg, 1 m = 1 x 1000 therefore 1 m = 1000mm; 1000m = 10^6mm.
Therefore 1 micron = 10^-3mm (one millionth of a metre = one thousandth of a millimetre) ?
*
1 nanometre (nm) = 1 billionth of a metre = 10^-9m
To convert m to mm we multiply be 1000
Therefore 10^9m = 10^6mm (one billionth of a metre = one millionth a metre)
*
I am profoundly moved to learn that a mm can be divided into a thousand parts (a micron); and even more so that it can be divivded into a million parts (a nm). That’s assuming I’ve understood this correctly.
2. Oct 7, 2015
### Mentallic
Good so far.
What you've just written is 1 billion metres = 1 million millimetres. Does that sound right to you?
You need to understand what the phrase "To convert m to mm we multiply be 1000" actually means. When we say this, we mean that we want to turn the value in metres into a value in millimetres. We go from m -> mm. We know that a factor of 1000 is involved between them, and that the mm is smaller than the m, so we need 1000mm = 1m.
If you ever aren't sure of where the 1000 or bigger number goes, just think which unit of measurement (m or mm for example) is smaller, because you always need more of those.
Yes, and it keeps going from there with picometres, then femtometres, attometres etc. You can read about it on wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)
3. Oct 7, 2015
### Staff: Mentor
All multiplications you do should be multiplications by 1. That's the only factor that won't change your value.
You can express "1" in a clever way, however, for example as $1=\frac{1000mm}{1m}$. That is true as 1000mm = 1m.
To convert something like 4.5 m from meters to millimeters, just multiply by 1 (here done in more detail than necessary):
$$4.5 m = 4.5 m \cdot 1 = 4.5 m \frac{1000mm}{1m} = \frac{4.5 m \cdot 1000mm}{1m} = 4500 mm$$
as the meter cancels.
4. Oct 8, 2015
### Fredrik
Staff Emeritus
It works out quite well to treat notations like "m" and "mm" the same way you would treat variables that represent numbers. For example
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Convert Milligram (mg) (Mass / Weight)
## Convert Milligram (mg)
Measurement Categorie:
Original value: Original unit: Atomic mass unit [u]Carat (metric) [kt]Carat [ct]Centigram [cg]Dalton [Da]Decagram [dag]Decigram [dg]Deciton [dt]DrachmDram (avoirdupois)Gigaton [Gt]Grain [gr]Gram [g]Hectogram [hg]HundredweightHundredweight (long/imperial)Hundredweight (short/US) - Cental [cwt]Kilodalton [kDa]Kilogram [kg]Kiloton [kt]Megadalton [MDa]Megaton [Mt]Metric PoundMicrogram [µg]Milligram [mg]Nanogram [ng]Ounce [oz]Pennyweight [dwt]Picogram [pg]Pound [lb]Quarter (imperial)QuintalSlugStoneTolaTon (long/imperial)Ton (short/US)Tonne / Metric ton [t]Troy ounce [ozt] numbers in scientific notation
https://www.convert-measurement-units.com/convert+Milligram.php
# Convert Milligram (mg):
1. Choose the right category from the selection list, in this case 'Mass / Weight'.
2. Next enter the value you want to convert. The basic operations of arithmetic: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*, x), division (/, :, ÷), exponent (^), brackets and π (pi) are all permitted at this point.
3. From the selection list, choose the unit that corresponds to the value you want to convert, in this case 'Milligram [mg]'.
4. The value will then be converted into all units of measurement the calculator is familiar with.
5. Then, when the result appears, there is still the possibility of rounding it to a specific number of decimal places, whenever it makes sense to do so.
With this calculator, it is possible to enter the value to be converted together with the original measurement unit; for example, '735 Milligram'. In so doing, either the full name of the unit or its abbreviation can be usedas an example, either 'Milligram' or 'mg'. Then, the calculator determines the category of the measurement unit of measure that is to be converted, in this case 'Mass / Weight'. After that, it converts the entered value into all of the appropriate units known to it. In the resulting list, you will be sure also to find the conversion you originally sought. Regardless which of these possibilities one uses, it saves one the cumbersome search for the appropriate listing in long selection lists with myriad categories and countless supported units. All of that is taken over for us by the calculator and it gets the job done in a fraction of a second.
Furthermore, the calculator makes it possible to use mathematical expressions. As a result, not only can numbers be reckoned with one another, such as, for example, '(83 * 49) mg'. But different units of measurement can also be coupled with one another directly in the conversion. That could, for example, look like this: '735 Milligram + 2205 Milligram' or '8mm x 13cm x 34dm = ? cm^3'. The units of measure combined in this way naturally have to fit together and make sense in the combination in question.
If a check mark has been placed next to 'Numbers in scientific notation', the answer will appear as an exponential. For example, 5.859 051 921 991 3×1031. For this form of presentation, the number will be segmented into an exponent, here 31, and the actual number, here 5.859 051 921 991 3. For devices on which the possibilities for displaying numbers are limited, such as for example, pocket calculators, one also finds the way of writing numbers as 5.859 051 921 991 3E+31. In particular, this makes very large and very small numbers easier to read. If a check mark has not been placed at this spot, then the result is given in the customary way of writing numbers. For the above example, it would then look like this: 58 590 519 219 913 000 000 000 000 000 000. Independent of the presentation of the results, the maximum precision of this calculator is 14 places. That should be precise enough for most applications.
## How much is 1 Milligram?
Measurement calculator that can be used to convert Milligram, among others.
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A common mantra at Veritas Prep is that the GMAT is a test of how you think, not of what you know. This shouldn’t be interpreted to mean that you can go into the exam without knowing anything and expect to get a good score. Rather, it means that how you apply concepts is crucial in this exam. You need to have a strong base, like the foundation of a house, but the difficulty is in using the information you have to solve the problem in front of you.
As can be expected, different quantitative questions will pertain to different mathematical notions. However some more advanced questions will begin to blur the lines (#BlurredLines) between multiple concepts. A question can ask you to solve an equation using variables from a given shape, incorporating geometry, algebra and even arithmetic concepts in one fell swoop. It’s important to note that all these seemingly disparate topics you’re studying while preparing for the GMAT can be combined into one question. These questions tend to be more difficult, but mostly because they require more steps, and therefore more opportunities to make mistakes.
The mathematical concepts don’t have to be any harder on these questions; the simple fact of merging them into a Frankenstein’s monster question can make the problem harder than the sum of its parts. (The question wants you to use your BRAINS). Add to this the time pressure of having to solve such questions in roughly two minutes, and you can imagine how longer questions combining various elements can frustrate even the most experienced student.
Let’s review a question and examine the various pitfalls we can fall into:
If you select two cards from a pile of cards numbered 1 to 10, what is the probability that the sum of the numbers is less than the average of the pile?
(A) 1/100
(B) 2/45
(C) 2/25
(D) 4/45
(E) 1/10
The first hurdle here is interpreting the question. To paraphrase, if I were to choose two random cards, would their sum be less than a certain other number. This is essentially a probability question, as evidenced by the answer choices as fractions. However there are a couple of elements to keep in mind. The first task is to determine the average of the pile.
Given 10 numbers, we could simply sum them up and divide by 10, but it’s probably much faster to recognize that the mean of an evenly spaced set is equal to the median of the set. A set with 10 numbers has a median that’s the average of the 5th and 6th elements (Not the Bruce Willis movie). Conveniently, the 5th element is 5 and the 6th element is 6, yielding an average of 5.5. Since we’re dealing with integers, we must now determine the number of possibilities that give a sum of 5 or less.
The options are limited enough that we can just reason out the choices. A good strategy is just to assume that the first card is a 1, and figure out what numbers work for the second number. If we pick 1, the next smallest card is 2. Thus the possibility (1,2) works. Similarly, we can see that (1,3) and (1,4) will work. (1,5) is too big, so we can stop there as any other option would only be bigger than this benchmark. It’s worth noting that the question is set up so that there’s no repetition, thus the option (1,1) cannot be considered. If the first card picked is a 1, there are three options that will keep the average below 5.5 (like a Russian judge at the Winter Olympics).
Next, supposing that the first card were a 2, there would be the separate option of (2,1). Since the order matters, (2,1) is not the same as the aforementioned (1,2). This is another valid choice. (2,2) is eliminated because of duplication, leaving us only with (2,3) that will also work if the first card is a 2. Since (2,4) is too big, we don’t need to examine any further. That’s two more options to add to our running tally.
Continuing, if the first card were a 3, then (3,1) and (3,2) would work. (3,3) is above the average, and it is a duplicate, so it can be eliminated for either reason. That gives us two more options for our running tally. The final option is to start with a 4, giving (4,1). Anything bigger is above the average. Similarly, anything starting with 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 will be above the average. Only eight options work out of all the possibilities.
The question is almost over, but there is one final trap we need to avoid before locking in our answer. The stimulus purported 10 different cards to select. If we were to compile all the possibilities, a natural total to think of would be 100 (10×10). However, since there is no replacement, we’re first selecting from 10 choices, and then from 9 choices. Exactly as a permutation of two selections out of 10, this gives us a total of 90 possible choices. If there are eight options that satisfy the conditions out of 90 choices, then the correct answer must be 8/90, which simplifies to 4/45. Answer choice D.
Examining the answer choices, we can see some of the more obvious traps. Compiling eight options out of 100 choices would give us the erroneous 2/25 fraction in answer choice C. Overlooking the lack of replacement would give us 10 total choices (the same eight plus (1,1) and (2,2) out of 100 possibilities, or answer choice E. The exam is designed to ask tricky questions, which means that the answer choices will often be answers you can get if you make a single calculation error or unfounded assumption. Be vigilant until the end of the question, as you don’t want to spend a full two minutes on a complicated question just to falter at the finish line. Questions can have many aspects to consider and many steps to execute, but by continuously thinking in a logical manner, you can solve any GMAT question. Remember that even the longest journey begins with a single step.
Plan on taking the GMAT soon? We have GMAT prep courses starting all the time. And, be sure to find us on Facebook and Google+, and follow us on Twitter!
Ron Awad is a GMAT instructor for Veritas Prep based in Montreal, bringing you weekly advice for success on your exam. After graduating from McGill and receiving his MBA from Concordia, Ron started teaching GMAT prep and his Veritas Prep students have given him rave reviews ever since.
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# Question on category theory
So I have an introductory knowledge of category theory but there is one concept I can't get my head around and would like some help:
When my class had categories defined we said a category $\mathcal{A}$ is a collection of objects (not necessarily a set) and for every two objects $A, B$ there is a set Hom($A$,$B$) that are all the morphisms (arrows) between the two objects.
I was getting along fine with this until my professor mentioned that we cannot have a category of categories. He said we could certainly look at the collection of all categories but given two categories the functors between them may not form a set thus violating our definition. So this is where my confusion is. I understand that not all collections can be sets, i.e. under general set theory we cannot have a set of all sets that don't contain themselves (Russell's Paradox). But I don't quite see what is wrong with having a set of all functors between categories.
I'm well aware that there are things called Higher categories that allow my Hom space be a category on its own right and this would allow me to form a higher category of categories or some such (I'm not very familiar with this area, but it's also not quite what I'm asking at the moment).
So if possible I would love an example (or an explanation of) two categories where the collection of functors between them cannot be a set. I spoke to my professor about it but he pretty much just said it can lead to paradoxes, but I don't see how.
Any help is appreciated, Thanks
-
Well, you describe a "locally-small" category, where the $\hom(-,-)$ are sets. They can be "bigger" collections (classes), which would give us a "large" category (example of a large cat: Set). THEN the question is: are you talking about the category of small categories, or of large categories? (Or both?) – Alex Nelson Sep 28 '13 at 19:33
Daniel Rust' answer is clear and simple and adequately answers your question. I just would like to add that the definition you have been given is not the most general one. What you are working with are generally called locally small categories. In any case, it is pretty obvious that you cannot make the category of all categories, for exactly the same reason that you cannot have the set of all sets or the mother of all mothers for that matter. The reason is simply that such things would have to contain themselves and this is a little awkward, and is considered unacceptable. .... – magma Sep 29 '13 at 23:36
....So you cannot have a giant category that contains itself (since it contains all categories). The way out is to have hierarchies of collections: sets, classes, conglomerates. You can have the class of all sets and the conglomerate of all classes, but not the set of all sets or the class of all classes. See The Joy of Cats katmat.math.uni-bremen.de/acc/acc.pdf for an eye-opening view on the quasicategory of all categories. – magma Sep 29 '13 at 23:52
The class of functors from the one object category to the category of sets (which is determined by the image of the single object) is not a set because there is no 'set of all sets'.
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It's only possible to say that there is no 'set of sets' if you believe that Russell's paradox rules it out.
Russell's paradox disappears if you accept dialetheias. If the idea of a 'large category' being one that contains things such as a 'set of all sets' there is no real problem because the 'set of all sets' is perfectly coherent if you omit the otiose axiom of non-contradiction.
If this is what is being meant - and I'm really not sure that it is - then I'd be interested to know the implications of dialetheism for category theory.
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If I understand your idea correctly, you say that we have a category of sets, then we consider a large category whose objects are categories themselves, one of which is the category of sets we previously had. But now you effectively changed the definition of the word "set". Previously you considered sets as objects of one category, and now you consider them as objects of a different category. The idea is clearer with universes, when we move to a larger universe, the previous universe is now set, but we also change the meaning of the word "set" to include new objects. – Asaf Karagila Feb 16 '14 at 6:57
I'm not sure why you see that as different definitions of 'set'. It doesn't matter what the elements of a set might be, elephants, categories, sets, sets of sets, those are all sets. – Peter Brooks Feb 16 '14 at 7:47
Because there is no "absolute" notion of set (and if there is, then the collection of all sets is certainly not a set). Instead we have models of set theory, and their elements are called sets. Once you change the model of set theory that you are working with, you change the definition of what it means to be a set. If we say that numbers are elements of $\Bbb N$, then $-1$ is not a number, but we then decide that "number" means a real number, then now $-1$ is a number. We changed the context, we changed the definition of "number". Same goes here. – Asaf Karagila Feb 16 '14 at 7:54
I understand your point. A set contains objects of any category. That's the point, really, and that's why this was called naive set theory and there's Russell's paradox. With that definition, then there is no change in the definition of 'set' - any new category can, automatically be a member of a set. That there is no universal set is proved by contradiction, a proof that relies upon the law of non-contradiction, so is not safe. – Peter Brooks Feb 16 '14 at 10:20
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Fast quantities
## misu
misu is short for “misura”, which means measurement (in Italian). misu is a package for doing calculations with in consistent units of measurement.
### Install
On Windows, precompiled wheels are provided so all you have to do is this:
pip install misu
On Linux, you have to install from a source distribution (sdist). This is also on PyPI, but you must already have Cython and numpy present in your target environment. This is because they are required to build misu. Thus, you need something like this on Linux:
$python3.7 -m venv venv$ source venv/bin/activate
(venv) $pip install Cython numpy (venv)$ pip install misu
<lots of compiler output>
If you have have experience with making manylinux wheels for Linux, I would love to get your help to make them for misu too!
### Demo
Most of the time you will probably work with misu interactively, and it will be most convenient to import the entire namespace:
from misu import *
mass = 100*kg
print(mass >> lb)
The symbol kg got imported from the misu package. We redefine the shift operator to perform inline conversions. The code above produces:
220.46226218487757
There are many units already defined, and it is easy to add more. Here we convert the same quantity into ounces:
print(mass >> oz)
output:
3571.4285714285716
What you see above would be useless on its own. What you really need is to be able to perform consistent calculations with quantities expressed in different, but compatible units:
mass = 10*kg + 20*lb
print(mass)
output:
19.07 kg
For addition and subtraction, misu will ensure that only consistent units can be used. Multiplication and division will produce new units:
distance = 100*metres
time = 9.2*seconds
speed = distance / time
print(speed)
output:
10.87 m/s
As before, it is trivially easy to express that quantity in different units of compatible dimensions:
print(speed >> km/hr)
output:
39.130434782608695
### Introduction
misu is a package of handling physical quantities with dimensions. This means performing calculations with all the units being tracked correctly. It is possible to add kilograms per hour to ounces per minute, obtain the correct answer, and have that answer be reported in, say, pounds per week.
misu grew out of a personal need. I have used this code personally in a (chemical) engineering context for well over a year now (at time of writing, Feb 2015). Every feature has been added in response to a personal need.
#### Features
• Speed optimized. misu is very fast! Heavy math code in Python will be around only 5X slower when used with misu. This is much faster than other quantities packages for Python.
• Written as a Cython extension module. Speed benefits carry over when using misu from your own Cython module (a .pxd is provided for linking).
• When an operation involving incompatible units is attempted, an EIncompatibleUnits exception is raised, with a clear explanation message about which units were inconsistent.
• Decorators for functions to enforce dimensions
@dimensions(x='Length', y='Mass')
def f(x, y):
return x/y
f(2*m, 3*kg) # Works
f(200*feet, 3*tons) # Works
f(2*joules, 3*kelvin) # raises AssertionError
f(2*m, 3) # raises AssertionError
• An operator for easily stripping the units component to obtain a plain numerical value
mass = 100 * kg
mass_lb = mass >> lb
duty = 50 * MW
duty_BTU_hr = duty >> BTU / hr
• An enormous amount of redundancy in the naming of various units. This means that m, metre, metres, METRE, METRES will all work. The reason for this is that from my own experience, when working interactively (e.g. in the IPython Notebook) it can be very distracting to incorrectly guess the name for a particular unit, and have to look it up. ft, foot and feet all work, m3 means m**3 and so on.
• You can specify a reporting unit for a dimension, meaning that you could have all lengths be reported in “feet” by default for example.
• You can specify a reporting format for a particular unit.
#### There are other projects, why misu?
There are several units systems for Python, but the primary motivating use-case is that misu is written as a Cython module and is by far the fastest* for managing units available in Python.
*Except for NumericalUnits, which is a special case
**I haven’t actually checked that this statement is true for all of them yet.
### General usage
For speed-critical code, the application of unit operations can still be too slow. In these situations it is typical to first cast quantities into numerical values (doubles, say), perform the speed-critical calculations (perhaps call into a C-library), and then re-cast the result back into a quantity and return that from a function.
@dimensions(x='Length', y='Mass')
def f(x, y):
x = x >> metre
y = y >> ounces
<code that assumes meters and ounces, returns value in BTU>
return answer * BTU
This way you can still easily wrap performance-critical calculations with robust unit-handling.
#### Inspiration
The inspiration for misu was Frink by Alan Eliasen. It is wonderful, but I need to work with units in the IPython Notebook, and with all my other Python code.
There are a bunch of other similar projects. I have not used any of them enough yet to provide a fair comparison:
## Project details
### Source Distribution
misu-1.0.6.tar.gz (202.4 kB view hashes)
Uploaded source
### Built Distributions
misu-1.0.6-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl (148.3 kB view hashes)
Uploaded cp37
misu-1.0.6-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (148.2 kB view hashes)
Uploaded cp36
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Home > Conversions (Currency) > Conversion tables from/to Hong Kong Dollar > HKD to ARS Conversion Cheat Sheet (Interactive)
To build or customize your cheat sheet (table below) adjust the values (From, Step, Decimals) in this form and hit the Update button. You could also enter the values to convert and print directly on the table From: Step: Decimals: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
[Formula: ARS = HKD x 16.1034178875] [Printer friendly] [Argentine Pesos to Hong Kong Dollars]
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# Hong Kong Dollars to Argentine PesosExchange Rate and Conversion Table
HKD = 16.1034178875 ARS rate as of 2022-07-07 02:00:00 GMT (Source)
# How to convert from Hong Kong Dollars to Argentine Pesos
Since 1 Hong Kong Dollar is equal to 16.1034178875 Argentine Pesos, we could say that n Hong Kong Dollars are equal to 16.1034178875 times n Argentine Pesos. In other words, we could use the following formula:
Argentine Pesos = Hong Kong Dollars x 16.1034178875
For example, let's say that we want to convert 2 Hong Kong Dollars to Argentine Pesos. Then, we just replace Hong Kong Dollars in the abovementioned formula with 2:
Argentine Pesos = 2 x 16.1034178875
That is, 2 Hong Kong Dollars are equal to 32.206835775 Argentine Pesos.
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# Number Sense Blog
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Divisibility (General Rule for 11s)
Nov 10, 2021
To test if a number is divisible by 11, follow the general rule: the difference of the sum of alternating digits can be divided by 11. To determine if the number 2,728 is divisible by 11, find the difference of the sum of alternating digit...
### Ask Education: Getting into the Geometry Mindset
Nov 17, 2021
Our expert team of math educators and enthusiasts has spent over 40 years developing and refining the most powerful teaching methods and materials into our comprehensive, industry-leading Mathnasium Method™. These “Ask Education” featu...
### Great Gifts for Math Lovers 2021
Dec 1, 2021
The holiday season is upon us, with gift-giving opportunities around every corner! Our annual Holiday Gift Guide can help you find the perfect gift for your favourite math-y people. From books to home-décor and everything in-between, you can’...
### December 2021 Math Activity: #NationalCookieDay
Dec 4, 2021
Today is #NationalCookieDay and what better way to enjoy math than to incorporate it into a fun activity like baking cookies? Download our Snickerdoodle Baking Activity and Key, and share your cookie creations on social media! Be sure to tag ...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Half of Even Numbers (Part 2)
Dec 15, 2021
To find half of even numbers, sometimes it is useful to break apart the whole number into its parts. We can do this to find half of 26. Since 26 is composed of 2 tens and 6 ones, we can find half of 26 by finding half of 20 and half of 6. Half ...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Number Sense (Subtraction Part 2)
Dec 8, 2021
Here is a number sense trick to subtract without borrowing. Let’s say we want to subtract 54 from 900. Since the digits in the ones and tens places of 900 are both less than the same digits in 54, we need to borrow to find the difference. Wi...
### New Year’s Resolutions and the Five Aspects of Math Wellness
Jan 1, 2023
A new year is right around the corner with an opportunity to start fresh. So we have a few suggestions that can help you and your child navigate the next 365 days for overall “math wellness” and success. Making great choices fo...
### To Succeed in the Global Economy, Children Need Stronger Math Skills
Jan 12, 2022
Our children’s long-term success depends on their ability to compete and collaborate with people around the world. There is one language they will all need to use, and it’s not English or French: It’s math. Unfortunately, Canadian students’ m...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Divisibility (Rule for 9s)
Jan 5, 2022
A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9. To determine if the number 738 is divisible by 9, we find the sum of its digits. Seven plus three plus eight gives us a final sum of eighteen. Eighteen is divisible by ...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Percents (Commutative Property)
Jan 19, 2022
Welcome to Mathnasium’s Math Tricks! Here’s a trick to calculate percentages using the commutative property of multiplication. Let’s do this! 👍 To find 48% of 50 means to multiply 48 x x 50. We can use the commutative property of multi...
### Activity Alert: Measure & Distance
Jan 26, 2022
In Canada, we use standard units such as centimetres and metres to measure many things, but have you ever used the furlong or fathom? A furlong was historically used in land measurement and farming. The name means “furrow length.” The...
### Celebrating Lego Day*!
Jan 28, 2022
Today is LEGO Day! You might know LEGO® bricks as the fun, colourful building blocks kids use to reconstruct the world, but did you know they also make great mathematical teaching tools? The near-infinite uses of LEGO bricks allow for near-in...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Half Of Odd Numbers (Part 2)
Feb 16, 2022
Welcome to Mathnasium’s Math Tricks series. Our previous Math Tricks have looked at strategies for finding half of odd numbers whose tens digits are even. Today we are focusing on a strategy to find the half of any odd number, such as 99… or ...
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Feb 23, 2022
Studies show that children who are exposed to math early on are more likely to do well in school, not only in math but in other subjects as well1. And the benefits are likely to continue throughout their lives. Math comprehension instills ...
### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Number Sense (Multiplication Part 2)
Mar 2, 2022
Welcome to Mathnasium’s Math Tricks series. When kids learn their multiplication facts, they often first master their five times tables. But multiplying large numbers by five can get tricky. Today we are using the fact that five is half of te...
### Pi Day March 2022
Mar 14, 2022
It’s our favourite time of year again! March 14 marks another math holiday to celebrate the mathematical constant pi (π), reminding us that math is fun and applicable outside the math classroom. Pi is the ratio of a circle’s circumference ...
### Ask Education: What is Infinity? (Part 1)
Mar 23, 2022
Our expert team of math educators and enthusiasts has spent over 40 years developing and refining the most powerful teaching methods and materials into the comprehensive, industry-leading Mathnasium Method™. These “Ask Education” feat...
### Ask Education: What is Infinity? (Part 2)
Mar 30, 2022
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### Mathnasium #MathTricks: Fractions (Comparing Fractions Part 1)
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Welcome to Mathnasium’s Math Tricks series. Kids commonly fear fractions when they encounter them. The goal is to group specific fractions and observe patterns. With these patterns, we can develop “tricks” to compare them. Today we are using ...
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https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5d5d3223f8b8ce001a10c1f0/reals-roots-and-radicals-oh-my
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Reals, Roots, and Radicals Oh My!
2 months ago
mcheek13
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Practice
• Question 1
30 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $\sqrt{256}$
$\sqrt{16}$
$16^2$
16
128
• Question 2
30 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $\sqrt{576}$
23
24
25
26
• Question 3
30 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $17^2$
289
34
$\sqrt{17}$
256
• Question 4
30 seconds
Q.
What is the cube root of 27?
3
9
273
$\sqrt{27}$
• Question 5
45 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: 63
18
108
216
36
• Question 6
60 seconds
Q.
Solve for x: x2 = 36
x = 6
x = 6 and -6
x = 18 and -18
x = -6
• Question 7
45 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $4\sqrt{49}$
449
47
196
28
• Question 8
60 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}$
$\frac{2}{3}$
$\frac{16}{81}$
$\frac{4}{9}$
• Question 9
45 seconds
Q.
Solve for x: $x^{2\ }=12$
$x\ =\ \pm6$
$x\ =\ \pm\sqrt{12}$
$\pm24$
$\pm144$
• Question 10
60 seconds
Q.
Approximate to the nearest tenth. $\sqrt{19}$
4.1
4.4
4.6
4.8
• Question 11
45 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $4^3$
12
64
48
16
• Question 12
60 seconds
Q.
Determine which radical is approximately 5.8
$\sqrt{25}$
$\sqrt{28}$
$\sqrt{34}$
$\sqrt{36}$
• Question 13
30 seconds
Q.
Determine which number is a perfect square.
8
14
16
18
• Question 14
30 seconds
Q.
Determine which number is a perfect cube.
3
6
8
9
• Question 15
30 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $-2\sqrt{64}$
-28
-16
16
28
• Question 16
60 seconds
Q.
Evaluate: $\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^2$
$\frac{8}{10}$
$\frac{16}{25}$
$\frac{8}{25}$
$\sqrt{\frac{4}{5}}$
• Question 17
60 seconds
Q.
The area of a square is $49\ ft^2$ . What is the length of one side?
$12.25\ feet$
$7\ feet$
$7^2\ feet$
$\sqrt{7}\ feet$
• Question 18
60 seconds
Q.
The volume of a cube is 125 cubic inches. What is the length of one edge?
$25\ inches$
$5^{3\ }inches$
$5\ inches$
$31.25\ inches$
• Question 19
60 seconds
Q.
The area of a square is 36 cm2. What is the length of one side of the square?
9 cm
18 cm
6 cm
24 cm
• Question 20
60 seconds
Q.
The area of a square is 36 cm2. What is the perimeter of the square?
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This note resolves the part of the 2nd lecture on link cut trees that was left unresolved during the lecture. I think this is the cleanest way to finish this up. First of all, we'll use the standard potential function for splay trees. Phi(T) = Sum r(x) x in T Recall the Access Lemma: The amortized number of rotations done by a sequence of splays is at most 3(r(root) - r(x)) + 1 Remember that the +1 was for the last rotation, which might happen if the splay ends in a zig step. So let's separate the rotations that occur in splaying into two types "top rotations" and "non-top rotations". The top ones are those which occur in the zig step. So a slightly refined version of the Access Lemma says this: In a sequence of splays, here are amortized bounds: number of non-top rotations <= 3(r(root)-r(x)) number of top rotations <= 1 So consider the cost of a splay(x) in the virtual tree. We'll let this cost be the number of edges on the path from x to the root of the virtual tree containing x. This is also precisely equal to the number of rotations done in the 3-part splay(x) operation. Phase 2 (the splices) does zero rotations so its cost is zero. Let's consider the two types of rotations separately. In phase 1, the telescoping argument explained in lecture shows that the number of non-top rotations is at most 3log(n). In phase 3 the number of non-top rotations is also at most 3log(n). What about the top rotations? In phase 1 we do at most k+1 of these (k is the number of dashed edges on the path). In phase 3 we do at most 1 of these. So we need to bound Sum(k+2) where the sum is taken over all splay operations in the virtual tree. Note that in phase 3 we also do k-1 non-top rotations. Therefore, the total number of non-top rotations done is an upper bound on Sum(k-1) over all the splays. (where the sum is taken over all splays in the virtual tree.) Therefore Sum(k-1) <= Sum(6log(n)) ==> Sum(k+2) <= Sum(6log(n)+3) ==> amortized number of top rotations <= 6log(n)+3 So the amortized number of rotations total is at most 12 log(n) + 3. Q.E.D. ---Danny Sleator October 21, 2009
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# math
posted by on .
three times as many children as adults attend a concert. Adult ticket cost \$7 and childs ticket \$3. the theater collected 46000. how many people bought tickets?
• math - ,
C= 3a
3c + 7a = 46000
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ex3ipotential of terrestrial gravitation end for i1168 sixci6cxphiyphiiri2
Ex3ipotential of terrestrial gravitation end for
This preview shows page 10 - 13 out of 14 pages.
uph(i)=mubyr(i).*ex3(i);%potential of terrestrial gravitation end for i=1:168 sixc(i)=6*c*((xphiyphi(i))/(r(i).^2)); fiftc(i)=15*c*((xphyphs(i))/(r(i).^4)); trc(i)=3*c*(r(i).^2); mubyrq(i)=(-mu./(r(i).^3)); fact1(i)=(1-trc(i)+fiftc(i)-sixc(i)); end for i=1:168 exyz(i)=(xxx(i).*fact1(i)); eyz(i)=(yyy(i).*fact1(i)); ezz(i)=(zzz(i).*fact1(i)); end ln=length(yyy); nc=ones(size(yyy)); TBG=[cos(phi);sin(phi);0]; %agx=zeros(1,168); tg=[TBG:ones(4,168)]; for i=1:168 agx(i)=tg.*mubyrq(i).*exyz(i); agy(i)=mubyrq(i).*eyz(i).*tg; agz(i)=mubyrq(i).*ezz(i).*tg; end AGX=agx'; AGY=agy'; AGZ=agz'; AG=sqrt(AGX.^2+AGY.^2+AGZ.^2);%accn.vector component in T.C.S. stipulated by terrestrial gravitation %-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- %calculation of acceleration component stipulated by inertia centrifugal force %algorithm for i=1:168 sicos(i)=(1-(xphiyphi(i))/(r(i).^2)); end for i=1:168 c(i)=0.5*(omegae.^2).*(r(i).^2-xphiyphi(i));%potential corresponding to inertia end for i=1:168 acx(i)=(omegae.^2.*(xxx(i)-xphiyphi(i)).*tg); acy(i)=(omegae.^2.*(yyy(i)-xphiyphi(i)).*tg); acz(i)=(omegae.^2.*(zzz(i)-xphiyphi(i)).*tg); end ACX=acx'; ACY=acy'; ACZ=acz'; AC=sqrt(ACX.^2+ACY.^2+ACZ.^2);
International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Volume 1 Issue 12 (December 2014 ) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © 2014, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved Page -21 %------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------- A1n1=a1X(:,1);%VX A1n2=a1Y(:,1);%VY %A1n3=a1Z(:,3);%VZ A1=sqrt(A1n1.^2+A1n2.^2); %A1--THE FIRST POLYNOMIAL COEFFICIENTS AND VELOCITY COMPONENTS %-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nf=ones(size(as)); TMG=[nf nf -as;nf nf sa;as -sa nf]; om=[omegae:ones(2,168)]; tm=[TMG:ones(4,168)]; for i=1:168 omega=om.*tm; end for i=1:168 akx(i)=2*om.*a1X(i); end for i=1:168 aky(i)=2*om.*a1Y(i); %akz(i)=2*omega(i).*A1n3; end AKX=akx'; AKY=aky'; %AKZ=akz'; for i=1:168 AK(i)=sqrt(AKX(i).^2+AKY(i).^2); end %AK IS THE ACCN . COMPONENT STIPULATED BY CORIOLIS FORCE %------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- for i=1:168 AF(i)=sqrt(AG(i).^2+AC(i).^2+AK(i).^2); end a1x=AF(:,1);%X-ACCN a1y=AF(:,2);%Y-ACCN a1z=AF(:,3);%Z-ACCN A1X=a1x'; A1Y=a1y'; A1Z=a1z'; %---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- %velocity components %for i=1:168 % Vx=diff(A1X); % Vy=diff(A1Y); % Vz=diff(A1Z); %THE SECOND POLYNOMIAL COEFFICIENTS for i=1:168 A2(i)=0.5*AF(i); end a2x=A2(:,1); a2y=A2(:,2); a2z=A2(:,3); %--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- %THE THIRD POLYNOMIAL COEFFICIENTS %for i=1:168 A3=(1/16).*diff(AF); %end a3x=A3(:,1); a3y=A3(:,2);
International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Volume 1 Issue 12 (December 2014 ) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © 2014, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved Page -22 a3z=A3(:,3); %---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- %THE FOURTH POLYNOMIAL COEFFICIENTS %for i=1:7 A4=(1/24).*6.*diff(A3); %end a4x=A4(:,1); a4y=A4(:,2); a4z=A4(:,3); %Aon1=aoN(:,1); %Aon2=aoN(:,2); %Aon3=aoN(:,3); %--------------------------------- %ALGORITHM OF AO LOCATION HEIGHT H,AS AO LOCATION CO-ORDINATES FUNCTION ao for i=1:5 rt(i)=sqrt((aoX(i)+bx(i)).^2+(aoY(i)+by(i)).^2); end for i=1:5 rz=Req.*(1-(cz.*cf.*sf)); H(i)=rt(i)-rz; end if(H<=Hatm) pr=1; else pr=2; end XX=min(aoX):(mean(aoX)/11):max(aoX); YY=min(aoY):(mean(aoY)/11):max(aoY); ZZ=min(aoZ):(mean(aoZ)/11):max(aoZ); VVX=min(a1X):(mean(a1X)/11):max(a1X); VVY=min(a1Y):(mean(a1Y)/11):max(a1Y); VVZ=min(a1Z):(mean(a1Z)/11):max(a1Z); %conversion from ecef to geographic lam=77; phi=12; beta=pi/180; hs=100024.207503066; HS=hs.*[cos(lam*beta)*cos(phi*beta);sin(lam*beta)*cos(phi*beta);sin(phi*beta)]; TEG=[-cos(lam*beta)*sin(phi*beta)-sin(lam*beta)*sin(phi*beta)cos(phi*beta);sin(lam*beta)-cos(lam*beta) 0;cos(lam*beta)*cos(phi*beta) sin(lam*beta)*cos(phi*beta) sin(phi*beta)]; a=6378.137; eps=0.08181919; q=tan(phi*beta); del=atan(q)./(1+(eps.^2)); rs=a/sqrt(1+eps.^2).*sin(del*beta).*sin(del*beta);
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# q4 - Name Linear Algebra Quiz 4.2 1(20 points 4 −2 11(a...
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Unformatted text preview: Name: Linear Algebra Quiz 4.2 June 20, 2006 1.(20 points) 4 −2 11 (a) Compute the characteristic polynomial of A. (b) Compute the eigenvalues of A. (c) Find a basis for R2 consisting of eigenvalues of A. (d) Find an invertible matrix P and a diagonal matrix D such that P −1 AP = D. (e) Compute P −1 . (f) Write A as a product of P, P −1 , and D (in the correct order!). (g) Compute eA . (h) Find a basis for the space of solutions to the system of linear differential equations Given A = x1 (t) = 4x1 (t) − 2x2 (t) x2 (t) = x1 (t) + x2 (t) Solution: (a) Compute: λ2 − 5λ + 6 = (λ − 3)(λ − 2). (b) Read off λ = 2, λ = 3. 1 2 (c) Compute v1 = , v2 = . 1 1 12 20 (d) Set P = . Then P −1 AP = . 11 03 −1 2 (e) P −1 = . 1 −1 12 20 −1 2 (f) A = P DP −1 = . 11 03 1 −1 12 e2 0 −1 2 (g) eA = P eD P −1 = . 3 11 0e 1 −1 (h) Basis for space of solutions is given by the columns of etA = −e2t + 2e3t 2(e2t − e3t ) −e2t + 2e3t , in other words, { 2t 3t 2t 3t −e + e 2e − e −e2t + e3t the space of solutions. 1 12 e2t 0 −1 2 = 3t 1 −1 11 0e 2(e2t − e3t ) , } is a basis for 2e2t − e3t ...
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# Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers In Excel
## Key Takeaway:
• Variable-length part numbers are used in various industries and breaking them up efficiently using Excel can save time and improve accuracy.
• By using functions like LEFT, RIGHT, FIND, MID, SUBSTITUTE, and LEN, users can easily break up complex part numbers in Excel.
• For even more efficiency, automating the process with Excel VBA can streamline workflows and eliminate the need for manual data entry.
Do you need to separate variable-length part numbers into individual components? This article will show you how to do so quickly and easily in Excel. You’ll be able to break up those long part numbers with ease!
## Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel: A Handy Guide
If you’re used to using part numbers regularly, you know it can be challenging to break down variable-length part numbers in Excel. But with the right techniques and tools, the process can be simpler. This guide is here to help! We’ll take a closer look at variable-length part numbers: what they are, why they matter, and how to work with them in Excel. Plus, we’ll show real-life examples of variable-length part numbers across multiple industries so you can understand how they work in action.
Image credits: pixelatedworks.com by David Duncun
### Understanding Variable-Length Part Numbers and Their Importance
Variable-length part numbers are alphanumeric series used to identify products or parts that vary in length. They are important for inventory management, product identification, order processing and job costing. Generally, the first few characters of a variable-length part number indicate the manufacturer or supplier. Codes for product type, size, material and other details come after this.
Accurate and consistent use of variable-length part numbering systems is essential for efficient warehouse management. Without them, there could be high data entry errors, duplicate entries and incorrect shipments. Accurate tracking of inventory and sale will help in better forecasting and decisions.
Using these numbers helps reduce errors while entering supply chain data. This is important when processing orders electronically. This is especially helpful in manufacturing plants and factory floors. Labeling helps save hours of manual search time.
Grouping similar part numbers together into ‘families’ based on attributes like size and materials used helps businesses adjust easily when new products come out. Organizing a uniform system throughout the business supply chain routines helps reduce human errors. Microsoft Excel and Google sheets have templates specifically designed to maintain consistency.
Conclusion: Variable-length part numbers help identify specific products, parts or materials used in a business supply chain. This increases accuracy for processing orders and forecasting. Amazon’s stock codes show it isn’t limited to manufacturing or industrial use.
### Real-life Examples of Variable-Length Part Numbers in Various Industries
Variable-length part numbers are everywhere – from electronics to manufacturing, automotive to healthcare. These numbers can be alphanumeric, containing both letters and numbers, and can vary in length based on the complexity of the item.
The aviation industry has its own system called NSN (National Stock Number). This 11-digit code includes NATO country identifier digits, a Federal Supply Class (FSC) code, a National Item Identification Number (NIIN), and a check digit.
In the retail clothing industry, style numbers are assigned to garments. These vary in length, depending on the manufacturer. For example, Nike style numbers are 8 digits, whereas Adidas style numbers are between 6 and 11 digits.
Medical devices also have variable-length part numbers. These can be up to 10 characters long, and they indicate material type, size dimensions, and other characteristics.
RFID tags, used by logistics companies in the electronic industry, include a unique number that identifies each item being tracked.
To sum it up, variable-length part numbers are used in various industries for different purposes.
I once worked for an assembly line manufacturer that used variable-length part numbers for our product catalogues. The numbering system was based on the component’s physical attributes. This was to keep track of inventory levels and ensure quality control.
Finally, How to Break Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel Efficiently?
## How to Break Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel Efficiently
I’m an Excel lover and always looking to simplify my work. Breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel has had me stumped. But, after some research and testing, I’ve come up with a few good solutions. Let me guide you through the steps!
First, we’ll use LEFT and RIGHT functions to divide the part numbers into different columns. Next, FIND and MID functions will help us tackle more complex part numbers. Finally, SUBSTITUTE and LEN functions can make the process even easier!
Image credits: pixelatedworks.com by Adam Washington
### Using LEFT and RIGHT Functions to Split Part Numbers
Open the worksheet containing the part numbers you wish to split.
Select the cell for the first component.
Use LEFT or RIGHT function, depending on which side you need to divide.
For instance, use =LEFT(A1,3) for splitting the first three characters.
These functions let you choose from the left or right side.
It avoids errors that can occur due to inconsistent input formats.
Did you know Excel has delimiter options like commas and hyphens?
You can also use FIND and MID to break up complex part numbers.
### Utilizing FIND and MID Functions for Breaking Up Complex Part Numbers
FIND function can be used to find the starting position of a substring. Subtract the starting position from the total length of the string using LEN function. Then, MID function can be used to extract the substring, providing the starting position and length as arguments.
This process can be used to break complex part numbers into prefix, model number and suffix.
FIND is great for part numbers with consistent structure but varying lengths.
MID extracts the specified number of characters from a string, starting from a given position. When combined with FIND and LEN functions, it can be used to break up part numbers of varying lengths.
To further optimize workflow, create user-defined functions (UDFs). This can save time when dealing with large data sets.
SUBSTITUTE and LEN functions can also be used to simplify the process. SUBSTITUTE allows for text substitution within a string, and LEN determines its length.
### Simplifying the Process with SUBSTITUTE and LEN Functions
Simplifying the process of breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel? It’s easy! Use the SUBSTITUTE and LEN functions. Here’s a 6-step guide:
1. Open your workbook and create a new column next to the part numbers.
2. In the first cell, type `=SUBSTITUTE(A1, “-“, “ ”)`. This replaces any dashes or hyphens with spaces.
3. Hit enter and drag the formula down through all rows with data.
4. Move over a couple of columns. Under each header column (like model or size), type what it’s called.
5. Underneath each header name, in the second row below it, type `=LEFT(B1,FIND(” “,B1)-1)`. Copy this formula across all rows for that respective column.
6. Select all cells containing formulas and copy-paste as values into new columns. Now you have cleanly-broken-up part numbers!
For more complex part numbers, here are some tips:
• Use SUBSTITUTE when searching for specific characters or strings.
• To find out how many characters are in a section of text (like a code), use LEN.
• Combine them together to generate powerful formulas (e.g., `=LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2)` removes last two characters).
Pro Tip: Easily break up part numbers with Power Query! Just import your data and split by delimiter, then split the columns up in order.
Automating Part Number Breakup in Excel using VBA
Want to automate the process of breaking up part numbers in Excel? Try VBA!
## Automating Part Number Breakup in Excel using VBA
I was working on breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel. Doing the same task again and again made me realize automation was the way to go; so I decided to use VBA. I’m sharing my experience with part number breakup using VBA. We’ll start by looking at the VBA editor. Then, write a macro for easy part number breakup. Finally, I’ll give tips to test and debug your macro. Automation reduces the risk of manual errors and saves time.
### Introduction to VBA Editor and Its Features
VBA Editor is a great way to automate tasks and create macros in Excel. It’s important to know the basics of VBA Editor to save time and effort. Here’s a 5-step guide to help you get started.
1. Access the VBA Editor by pressing ALT+F11 or finding it on the Developer Tab.
2. Go to Tools from the top menu, select References, and then activate the libraries needed for your project. As there are many different libraries with specialised functions, make sure to only turn on the modules used in your specific project.
3. Under File tab click Options > Customize Ribbon > Developer; this will enable you to access customise quick access toolbars.
4. Break down complex code into smaller parts; create a new module with these smaller functions that can be reused across various projects by “calling” them from other functions.
5. Adding distinct named ranges in order can reduce the time taken during data entry.
Knowing the basics and using features like ‘Insert New Module’, ‘Customize Ribbon’, and optimizing code quality can make Excel easier to use. Once you’re comfortable with it, experimenting with VBA Editor can be fun.
For example, Flipkart.com (India’s online retail giant) uses VBA Macros to automate their product management team’s process for tracking inventory levels. The teams uploads inventory information multiple times a day from multiple vendors on spreadsheets. With thousands of rows and complex data in each row, updating everything manually would be impossible. VBA macros make it easier for the team members, allowing them to focus on more important tasks.
Now that you know the basics of VBA Editor, it’s time to learn how to write an Excel Macro for Quick and Easy Part Number Breakup.
### Writing an Excel Macro for Quick and Easy Part Number Breakup
Press Alt+F11 to open the Visual Basic Editor (VBE). Add a new Module and write VBA code with regular expressions. Run the macro on your range of cells to test it.
This article is about Writing an Excel Macro for Quick and Easy Part Number Breakup. We will use VBA and RegEx to separate elements from part numbers into individual cells. Automating this process eliminates errors, increases accuracy and productivity. It can be used in manufacturing, retail and other industries where part numbers are used.
Pro Tip: Test macros on sample data before running them on larger datasets. Avoid syntax errors and bugs.
The next section is about Tips for Testing and Debugging Your Part Number Breaking Macro in Excel.
### Tips for Testing and Debugging Your Part Number Breaking Macro
Testing and debugging your VBA macro is a must for efficiency. Here are some tips for testing and debugging your part number breaking macro:
• Utilize Excel’s built-in debugging tools like breakpoints, messages, and watches.
• Check variables with the Immediate window.
• Test with sample data before implementing it on actual data.
• If errors occur, read the message and try to fix it.
• Stepping through the code line-by-line with the F8 key is the best way to debug.
• Back up your workbook regularly.
• Pay attention to minute details like variable names, syntax errors, etc.
• Document everything during testing – this will help if you need to re-test or debug later.
Debugging can take up to 50% of development time, according to IBM. This shows how important it is to test and debug correctly!
## Some Facts About Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel:
• ✅ Breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel can be done using different formulas, including LEFT, RIGHT, and MID. (Source: Excel Easy)
• ✅ Using the Text to Columns feature in Excel can also help with separating part numbers into their component parts. (Source: Excel Jet)
• ✅ When breaking up part numbers in Excel, it’s important to use the correct delimiter character, such as a hyphen or a space. (Source: Trump Excel)
• ✅ Regular expressions (regex) can also be useful for breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel, especially for more complex patterns. (Source: ExtendOffice)
• ✅ Breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel can save time and improve data analysis and organization. (Source: The Spreadsheet Guru)
## FAQs about Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers In Excel
### What is the process of Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel?
Breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel refers to the process of splitting a single cell containing an alphanumeric part number into separate columns. This is useful when trying to organize and analyze data, as it allows for easy sorting and filtering of part numbers based on specific criteria, such as the length of the code or certain characters within the code.
### Why is Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers important?
Breaking up variable-length part numbers is important because it makes it much easier to manage and analyze data related to these part numbers. By separating the numbers into different columns or cells, you can easily sort and filter them based on specific criteria, such as the length of the code or the presence of certain characters. This can help you identify patterns, track usage, and make informed decisions about inventory and ordering.
### What are some tips for Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel?
Some tips for breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel include using the “Text to Columns” feature, utilizing formulas such as LEFT, RIGHT, and MID to split strings, and using the “Text Function” to clean up irregularities in the data. It is also important to consider the different variations of part numbers and create a consistent process for breaking them up to ensure accuracy and efficiency.
### Can Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers be automated?
Yes, breaking up variable-length part numbers can be automated using macros or custom functions. VBA scripts can be written to perform the splitting process automatically, saving time and reducing the risk of errors. However, it is important to thoroughly test and validate any automation processes to ensure accuracy and consistency.
### What are some common challenges when Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers in Excel?
Common challenges when breaking up variable-length part numbers in Excel include dealing with inconsistent data formats, variations in part number structures, and errors or incomplete data. It is important to establish a standardized process for breaking up part numbers to help address these challenges and ensure accuracy and consistency.
### How can Excel add-ins assist in Breaking Up Variable-Length Part Numbers?
Excel add-ins such as Power Query, Power Pivot, and Advanced Find and Replace can assist in breaking up variable-length part numbers by providing advanced data analysis and manipulation tools. These add-ins can help streamline the process of splitting and formatting part numbers, making it easier to manage and analyze large data sets. However, it is important to be familiar with these tools and their capabilities to fully utilize them for breaking up part numbers.
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## 100 Chart for Math
Recently I was driving home with my granddaughter, who just started kindergarten. To help distract her on our long ride, I thought it would be fun to count to 100 and see how long it would be before we saw our house. When we got into the 50s she informed me she wasn’t very good at the higher numbers. Ah, a challenge for GG!
So, for her next visit I downloaded a 100 chart to help her develop an understanding of numbers. A hundred chart is an easy way to do fun math without lots of preparation. A 100 chart can easily be found online. I was ready for an exciting game of 100 chart BINGO.
Let the game begin!
After about 10 numbers, I realized her focus was more on the purple butterfly tokens we were using to cover the numbers rather than the numbers themselves. A good early childhood teachers knows to keep a lesson focused, short and fun. That day Miss M did not think my 100s chart game was any of the three. So, the hundred (100) chart game will wait for another day.
Kindergarten Concepts to Review Using a 100s Chart
• Number identification
• Number order
• One to one correspondence(be sure to point to each number)
• Patterns
• Practice counting forwards
• Practice counting backwards
### Examples of 100s Chart Games
• Find the number
• Count off the days
• Numbers are symbols for amounts
• Ordinal numbers (first, second, third etc.)
• Roll a die(1) or dice(2) and move that number of boxes on the chart.
Remember the fun is in the journey. Enjoy the moment !
Other posts related to this topic
Numeracy in Early Childhood
“Math Walks”: Time to “Walk the Talk”
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html, body, form { margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } #calculate { position: relative; width: 177px; height: 110px; background: transparent url(/images/alphabox/embed_functions_inside.gif) no-repeat scroll 0 0; } #i { position: relative; left: 18px; top: 44px; width: 133px; border: 0 none; outline: 0; font-size: 11px; } #eq { width: 9px; height: 10px; background: transparent; position: absolute; top: 47px; right: 18px; cursor: pointer; }
ArcCot
http://functions.wolfram.com/01.16.07.0001.01
Input Form
ArcCot[z] == z Integrate[1/(z^2 t^2 + 1), {t, 1, Infinity}] /; Re[z] > 0
Standard Form
Cell[BoxData[RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["ArcCot", "[", "z", "]"]], "\[Equal]", RowBox[List["z", RowBox[List[SubsuperscriptBox["\[Integral]", "1", "\[Infinity]"], RowBox[List[FractionBox["1", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["z", "2"], SuperscriptBox["t", "2"]]], "+", "1"]]], " ", RowBox[List["\[DifferentialD]", "t"]]]]]]]]]], "/;", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Re", "[", "z", "]"]], ">", "0"]]]]]]
MathML Form
cot - 1 ( z ) z 1 1 z 2 t 2 + 1 t /; Re ( z ) > 0 Condition z z t 1 1 z 2 t 2 1 -1 z 0 [/itex]
Rule Form
Cell[BoxData[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["HoldPattern", "[", RowBox[List["ArcCot", "[", "z_", "]"]], "]"]], "\[RuleDelayed]", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["z", " ", RowBox[List[SubsuperscriptBox["\[Integral]", "1", "\[Infinity]"], RowBox[List[FractionBox["1", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["z", "2"], " ", SuperscriptBox["t", "2"]]], "+", "1"]]], RowBox[List["\[DifferentialD]", "t"]]]]]]]], "/;", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Re", "[", "z", "]"]], ">", "0"]]]]]]]]
Date Added to functions.wolfram.com (modification date)
2001-10-29
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CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE
STUDY PLANS
2019/2020
# Image Processing and Analysis
Code Completion Credits Range Language
17PMP2ZAO Z,ZK 4 2P+2C Czech
Lecturer:
Zoltán Szabó (guarantor), Václav Hlaváč
Tutor:
Zoltán Szabó (guarantor), Václav Hlaváč, Marek Piorecký
Supervisor:
Department of Biomedical Informatics
Synopsis:
The subject teaches students how to process images by a computer. First, the digital processing methods will be explained, when there is not information about image semantics. Second, the image analysis methods will be explained, in which the knowledge about the image content is available. This allows to segment object in images, describe them by features and recognize them.
Requirements:
It is possible to obtain 100 points in total. Fulfillment of the exercises during the practices corresponds to maximum 60 points and the written exam test from the lectures assures maximum 40 points. Classification <50 F, 50-59 E, 60-69 D, 70-79 C, 80-89 B, 90-100 A
Syllabus of lectures:
1.Digital image processing × image analysis × computer vision. Interpretation, its significance for images. Objects in images.
2.Distance transform (DT). Brightness histogram. Image acquisition from the geometric and radiometric point of view.
3.Fourier transform. Sampling theorem.
4.Filtering in frequency domain.
5.PCA.
6.Brightness scale transformation.
7.Geometric transformations, interpolation.
8.Image registration.
9.Image processing in spatial domain. Convolution, correlation.
10.Noise filtering. Edge detection. Linear and nonlinear methods.
11.Mathematical morphology.
12.Image compression. Color images. Texture.
13.Segmentation of objects in images.
14.Objects description in images and their recognition.
Syllabus of tutorials:
1.Grayscale mathematical morphology, dilation, erosion
2.Top Hat transform, distance transform.
3.Fourier transform.
4.Filtering in frequency domain.
5.Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
6.Brightness scale transformation.
7.Geometric transformations, interpolation.
8.Image registration.
9.Image processing in spatial domain. Convolution, correlation.
10.Noise filtering. Edge detection. Linear and nonlinear methods.
11.Image compression. Color images.
12.Huffman coding, Discrete cosine transform (DCT).
13.Segmentation of objects in images.
14.Summary of subject topics.
Study Objective:
The goal of the subject is to introduce the basic principles of image processing and analysis. We link to the student knowledge from the signal theory.
Study materials:
[1] Šonka M., Hlaváč V., Boyle R.: Image, processing, analysis and machine vision, Cengage Learning;, Canada, 4th edition, 2014, 912 pages, ISBN-13: 978-1133593607.
Note:
Time-table for winter semester 2019/2020:
06:00–08:0008:00–10:0010:00–12:0012:00–14:0014:00–16:0016:00–18:0018:00–20:0020:00–22:0022:00–24:00 roomKL:B-435Piorecký M.10:00–11:50(lecture parallel1parallel nr.1)Kladno FBMIPočítačová učebna roomKL:B-420Szabó Z.Hlaváč V.10:00–11:50(lecture parallel1)Kladno FBMIUčebna
Time-table for summer semester 2019/2020:
Time-table is not available yet
The course is a part of the following study plans:
Data valid to 2020-04-01
For updated information see http://bilakniha.cvut.cz/en/predmet4719606.html
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Aricent Sample Reasoning Questions
Views:1458
DIRECTIONS for the question 1 to 2: In the following question a given statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
1. Statements: A good book, even if costly, is sold Assumption:
I. Some books are better than others.
II. Most of the books are costly
1. If only assumption I is implicit;
2. If only assumption II is implicit;
3. If neither I nor II is implicit; and
4. If both I and II are implicit.
"A good book, even if costly, is sold” means that there are books which are cheaper and books which are not that good. Hence assumption I is implicit. But most of the books are costly is not implicit.
2. Statements: The integrated steel plants in India no longer have to depend on imports for continuous casting refractories.
Assumption: I. Continuous casting refractories are needed by India.
II. Continuous casting refractors are in demand.
1. If only assumption I is implicit;
2. If only assumption II is implicit;
3. If neither I nor II is implicit; and
4. If both I and II are implicit
Both I & II are implicit.
As the statement says “The integrated steel plants in India no longer have to depend on imports for continuous casting refractories” means that existence of these refractories is necessary and also in demand.
3. My bag can carry no more than ten books. I must carry at least one book each of management, mathematics, physics and fiction. Also, for every management book, I must carry two or more fiction books, and for every mathematics book, I must carry two or more physics books. I earn 4, 3, 2 and 1 points for each management, mathematics, physics and fiction book, respectively, I carry in my bag. I want to maximize the points I can earn by carrying the most appropriate combination of books in my bag. The maximum points that I can earn are –
1. 21
2. 20
3. 22
4. 23
We need minimum 1 book of management, mathematics, physics and fiction each and we know that for every management book, we have 2 or more fiction book as well as for every mathematics book we have 2 or more physics book
It means we should have minimum 1 management, 1 mathematics, 2 physics and 2 fiction = 6 books
Now we can either have more no of management book or mathematics book
By having 1 more mathematics book, we will have 3 more physics book ( physics points are more than fiction points )
So, ideal combination will be 1 management, 2 mathematics, 5 physics and 2 fiction
Total points = 1 × 4 + 2 × 3 + 5 × 2 + 2 ×1 = 22
1. Five persons with names, P, M, U, T and X live separately in any one of the following: a palace, a hut, a fort, a house or a hotel. Each one likes two different colours from among the following: blue, black, red, yellow and green. U likes red and blue. T likes black. The person living in a palace does not like black or blue. P likes blue and red. M likes yellow. X lives in a hotel. M lives in a –
1. Fort
2. Hut
3. Palace
4. House
Blue Black Red yellow Green Palace Hut Fort House Hotel ✓ ✓ P × × ✓ M ✓ × × × × ✓ ✓ U × × ✓ T × × X × × × × ✓
M lives in a Palace.
2. Eighty kilograms (kg) of store material is to be transported to a location 10 km away. Any number of couriers can be used to transport the material. The material can be packed in any number of units of 10, 20 or 40 kg. Courier charges are Rs. 10 per hour. Couriers travel at the speed of 10 km/hr if they are not carrying any load, at 5 km/hr if carrying 10 kg, at 2 km/hr if carrying 20 kg and at 1 km/hr if carrying 40 kg, A courier cannot carry more than 40 kg of load. The minimum cost at which 80 kg of store material can be transported to its destination will be
1. Rs. 160
2. Rs. 180
3. Rs. 140
4. Rs. 120
With load 10kg and speed is 5km/hr, then time required to cover 10 km is 2 hrs, thus amount spend for 2 hrs = 10 × 2 = 20/-
So for 80kg, amount = 20 × 8 = 160/-
With load 20kg and speed is 2km/hr, then time required to cover 10 km is 5 hrs, thus amount spend for 5 hrs = 10 × 5 = 50/-
So for 80kg, amount = 50 × 4 = 200/-
With load 40kg and speed is 1km/hr, then time required to cover 10 km is 10 hrs, thus amount spend for 10 hrs = 10 × 10 = 100/-
So for 80kg, amount = 100 × 2 = 200/-
So the minimum cost is 160/-
1. An application was received by inward clerk in the afternoon of a week day. Next day he forwarded it to the table of the senior clerk who was on leave that day. The senior clerk put up the application to the desk officer next day in the evening. The desk officer studied the application and disposed off the matter on the same day i.e., Friday. Which day was the application received by the inward clerk?
1. Monday
2. Wednesday
3. Tuesday
4. Previous week's Saturday
The desk office studied application on Friday. Senior clerk put up the clerk office on same day that is Friday. Senior clerk is on leave on Thursday. Therefore, the application was received by the inward clerk on Wednesday. Answer is Wednesday.
2. In a queue of children, Kashish is fifth from the left and Mona is sixth from the right. When they interchange their places among themselves, Kashish becomes thirteenth from the left. Then, what will be Mona's position from the right ?
1. 4th
2. 14th
3. 8th
4. 15th
Total no. of students can be predicted from Kashish's position = 13 + 6 - 1 = 18.
So this implies Mona's position from the right is (18 - 5 + 1) = 14th.
DIRECTIONS for the questions 8 and 10: Read the information given below and answer the question that follows.
There is an office block for six officers namely Anil, Brijendar, Chander, Dharmendar, Elexander and Farmaan. The three offices are on to the left hand side of the entry point in a row and another three on the right hand side of the entry gate in a row. In between these two rows of offices, there is a corridor and all these offices have the doors opening towards the corridor.
Both Brijendar and Chander have their offices to the right of the corridor (as one enters the office block) and Anil occupies an office to the left of the corridor.
Elexandar and Farmaan occupy offices on opposite sides of the corridor but their offices don't face each other.
The offices of Chander and Dharmendar face each other.
Elexandar does not have a corner office. Farmaan's office is further down the corridor than Anil's but on the same side.
1. If Elexandar sits in his office facing the corridor, whose office is to his left?
1. Chander
2. Brijendar
3. Anil
4. Dharmendar
Brijender Elexander Chander Farmaan Anil Dharmender
If Elexander sits in his office facing the corridor, Chander office is to the his left.
2. Who is/are Farmaan's immediate neighbour(s)?
1. Anil and Chander
2. Anil only
3. Chander only
4. Dharmendar only
Brijender Elexander Chander Farmaan Anil Dharmender
Anil is Farmaan's immediate neighbour.
3. Dharmendar was heard telling someone to go further down the corridor to the last office on the right side. To whose office room was he trying to direct that person?
1. Anil
2. Brijendar
3. Chander
4. Elexandar
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IN SOME SITUATIONS LIKE OPPOSE THE MOTION IN OTHER SITUATIONS L FACILITATE THE MOTION BUT L ALWAYS OPPOSE THE RELATIVE MOTION BETWEEN TWO MOVING SURFACES PUT SOME LUBRICANT AND L BECOME SMALL THERE MAKE THE MOVING SURFAC RIDDLES WITH ANSWERS TO SOLVE - PUZZLES & BRAIN TEASERS
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Larger And Smaller Riddle
Hint:
Humility
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Solved: 0%
Guys That Laugh And Dont Make You Frown
Hint:
A clown
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Lightening A Barrel Riddle
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A hole
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Solved: 65%
Mouth Of A Lion Riddle
Hint:
Lefty
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The Train Of Love
Hint: Think of a way the train schedules might favor one train over the other.
The Brooklyn train leaves exactly 1 minute before the Bronx train.
Let's say the Brooklyn train arrives at 09:00, 09:10, 09:20, etc. and the Bronx train arrives one minute after at 09:01, 09:11, 09:21, etc. Consider the ten minute interval from 09:00 to 09:10. If the man arrives between 09:00 and 09:01, the 09:01 Bronx train will be the first to arrive (assuming that he doesn't arrive at exactly 09:00). If the man arrives between 09:01 and 09:10, the 09:10 Brooklyn train will be the first to arrive. In any ten minute period, the Brooklyn train will be the first to arrive in nine of the ten minutes.
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The 6 Letter Word Riddle
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Prince + ss = princess
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100 Lawyers Riddle
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A whine cellar.
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Angry Leprechauns Riddle
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Only a little.
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The Longer Line Riddle
Hint:
You draw a shorter line next to it, and it becomes the longer line.
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When Life Gives You These
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Lemon!
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# Brocci Bundles: Area BIG Bundle (18 Lessons, 59 Worksheets, 593 Problems)
Subjects
5th, 6th, 7th, 8th
Resource Types
Product Rating
Not yet rated
File Type
PDF (Acrobat) Document File
3.35 MB | 184 pages
### PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Spun-off from Amazon's popular line of Bossy Brocci Math and Big Science Workbooks, this Area Bundle contains: 18 Lessons, 59 Worksheets, 593 Problems - and Assessment up the a\$\$! Individual cost would be \$23, but Bundle price is just \$15!
184 slides are printed as 92 Landscape DOUBLE-SIDED sheets of paper, with the flip being along the 'SHORT' edge.
================================================
This AREA BIG BUNDLE Contains:
Area of a Square Directly & via Pythagorean + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 5 squares given the side
2) Calculate the Area of 5 squares given the diagonal (via Pythagorean)
3) Answer a mix of 23 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Square and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Solving Area of a Square via its Diagonal + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 8 squares given their diagonal, via the Pythagorean Theorem, and using the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving algebraic equations
2) Calculate the Effect of changing side on Area for 14 paired comparisons
3) Answer a mix of 20 fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Square and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Side’s Effect on Area of a Square
Students will:
1) Calculate Side's Effect on Changing Area for 8 squares
2) Write a matching sentence for all 8 scenarios
3) Fill out a Table for Side's Effect on Area for 18 scenarios
4) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Square and solve methodically & systematically
Area of a Rectangle Directly & via Pythagorean + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate Area for 5 Rectangles, given their Length & Width
2) Calculate Area for 4 Rectangles, given their Diagonal and either Length or Width, via the Pythagorean Theorem
3) Answer a mix of 19 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Rectangle and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Solving Area of a Rectangle via its Diagonal + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 8 Rectangles given their Diagonal and either Length or Width, via the Pythagorean Theorem
2) Calculate the joint Effect of Length and Width on Changing Area for 6 comparisons
3) Answer a mix of 17 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Rectangle and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Length & Width’s Effect on Area of a Rectangle
Students will:
1) Calculate Length & Width's Effect on Changing Area for 8 Rectangles
2) Write a matching sentence for all 8 scenarios
3) Fill out a Table for Length & Width's Effect on Area for 18 scenarios
4) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Rectangle methodically & systematically
Area of a Parallelogram + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate Area of 5 Parallelograms, given Base and Height
2) Calculate Area of 4 Parallelograms with either Base or Height missing, via the Pythagorean Theorem
3) Answer a mix of 18 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Parallelogram and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Base and Height’s Effect on Area of a Parallelogram
Students will:
1) Calculate Base & Height's Effect on Changing Area for 8 Parallelograms
2) Write a matching sentence for all 8 scenarios
3) Fill out a Table for Base and Height's Effect on Area for 16 scenarios
4) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Parallelogram methodically & systematically
Area of a Triangle + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 5 triangles, given their Base & Height
2) Calculate the Area of 4 triangles, given the Diagonal and either their Base or Height, via the Pythagorean Theorem
3) Answer a mix of 18 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Use the Bossy Brocci "Egg" method for solving Algebraic equations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Triangle and solve algebraic equations methodically & systematically
Base & Height’s Effect on Area of a Triangle
Students will:
1) Calculate Base & Height's Effect on Changing Area for 8 Triangles
2) Write a matching sentence for all 8 scenarios
3) Fill out a Table for Base & Height's Effect on Area for 16 scenarios
4) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Triangle methodically & systematically
Area of a Trapezoid + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 10 Trapezoids given their Bases and Height
2) Answer 13 Multiple-choice questions about how Changing Bases & Height Affects Area, based on their Calculations & Observations
3) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
4) Be trained to calculate the area of a Trapezoid methodically & systematically
Base & Height’s Effect on Area of a Trapezoid
Students will:
1) Calculate Bases & Height's Effect on Changing Area for 8 Trapezoids
2) Write a matching sentence for all 8 scenarios
3) Fill out a Table for Bases & Height's Effect on Area for 16 scenarios
4) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
5) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
6) Be trained to calculate the area of a Trapezoid methodically & systematically
Area of Quadrilaterals & Triangles + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 2 Squares, 2 Rectangles, 2 Triangles, 2 Parallelograms & 2 Trapezoids
2) Answer a mix of 16 Fill-in-the-blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
3) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
4) Be trained to calculate the area of Quadrilaterals & Triangles methodically & systematically
Solving Area of a Circle via its Diameter + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 8 Circles, given their Diameter
2) Fill out a Table for Diameter's Effect on Area for 7 comparisons
3) Answer a mix of 18 Fill-in-the-Blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
5) Be trained to calculate the area of Circles methodically & systematically
Solving Area of a Circle via its Circumference + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 8 Circles, given their Circumference
2) Fill out a Table for Circumference's Effect on Area for 7 comparisons
3) Answer a mix of 18 Fill-in-the-Blank and Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
4) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
5) Be trained to calculate the area of Circles methodically & systematically
Solving Area of a Circle via its Radius + How Dimension Affects Area
Students will:
1) Calculate the Area of 8 Circles given their Radius
2) Calculate the Effect of Changing Radius on Area of 8 Circles
3) Write 8 complete sentences for Radius' Effect on Area of a Circle
4) Fill out a Table for Radius' Effect on Area for 18 circle comparisons
5) Answer 9 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
6) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
7) Be trained to calculate the area of Circles methodically & systematically
Changing Dimension’s Effect on Perimeter & Area of 5 Common Shapes
Students will:
1) Determine Changing Dimension’s Effect on Perimeter & Area of Five side-by-side Common Shapes:
2 Rectangles
2 Parallelograms
2 Triangles
2 Squares
and
2 Circles
2) Answer 14 Multiple-choice questions based on their Calculations & Observations
3) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
4) be trained to calculate How Dimension Affects Area & Perimeter methodically & systematically
Changing Dimension’s Effect on Perimeter & Area of 3 Polygons & the Circle
Students will:
1) Calculate Changing Dimension’s Effect on Perimeter & Area of 3 side-by-side Polygons:
3 Rectangles
3 Triangles
3 Squares
and
3 Circles
2) Answer a total of 40 Multiple-choice questions (10 accompanying each of the four shapes) based on their Calculations & Observations
3) Be compelled to show their work in a neat & orderly format
4) be trained to calculate How Dimension Affects Area & Perimeter methodically & systematically
==========================================================
Printing should be Landscape DOUBLE-SIDED sheets of paper, with the flip being along the 'SHORT' edge.
==========================================================
Math Geometry Area of a Circle Area of a Square Area of a Rectangle Area of a Triangle Area of a Parallelogram Area of a Trapezoid Area of a Quadrilateral Quadrilaterals Area of a Polygon Polygons Changing Dimension Dimensions Effect on Area Effects Affect Affects on Area Radius Diameter Circumference Side Length Width Height Base and Height Calculating Solving for Area Diagonal Pythagorean Pythagorean Equation Pythagorean Theorem
Total Pages
184
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https://bugsfixing.com/solved-creating-multiple-functions-using-a-for-loop/
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# [SOLVED] Creating multiple functions using a for loop
## Issue
I am trying to create multiple constraint functions to feed scipy.minimize.
The minimize function is:
``````res1 = minimize(f, x0, args, method='SLSQP', bounds=bnds, constraints=cons, options={'disp': True})
``````
I have set cons to:
``````cons = [con1, con2, con3, con4]
con1 = {'type': 'eq', 'fun': constraint1}
con2 = {'type': 'eq', 'fun': constraint2}
con3 = {'type': 'eq', 'fun': constraint3}
con4 = {'type': 'eq', 'fun': constraint4}
def constraint1(x):
return x[0] + x[1] + x[2] + x[3] + x[4] + x[5] + x[6] + x[7] + x[8] - 4321
def constraint2(x):
return x[9] + x[10] + x[11] + x[12] + x[13] + x[14] + x[15] + x[16] + x[17] - 123
def constraint3(x):
return x[18] + x[19] + x[20] + x[21] + x[22] + x[23] + x[24] + x[25] + x[26] - 1234
def constraint4(x):
return x[27] + x[28] + x[29] + x[30] + x[31] + x[32] + x[33] + x[34] + x[35] - 432
``````
How can I automate this process by using a for loop? The problem is to create function with parametric name
## Solution
You needn’t give the functions names at all:
``````def make_constraint(i,j,c):
def constraint(x):
return sum(x[i:j])+c
cons=[dict(type='eq',fun=make_constraint(i*9,(i+1)*9,c))
for i,c in enumerate([-4321,-123,-1234,-432])]
``````
This sort of approach will not in general run quite as fast as the hand-written functions, since values like `i` and `j` must be retrieved on every call; if that matters, it is possible to use the `ast` module to actually create new Python functions without `exec` (and its associated lack of structure and security).
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https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/465310/is-action-always-locally-least
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# Is Action Always "Locally" Least?
In general, I know it's true that the Principle of Least Action is more properly called the Principle of "Stationary" Action. However, there are results which seem to suggest that for sufficiently short trajectories of a physical system, the action is always least. It is only past the "kinetic focus" of the trajectory of a physical system that the action can fail to be minimized. (e.g. When action is not least in Classical Mechanics and When action is not least for orbits in General Relativity). In her recent book "The Lazy Universe: An Introduction to the Principle of Least Action", Jennifer Coopersmith suggests that the Principle of Least Action isn't just a misnomer for these reasons.
In Landau & Lifshitz' books on Mechanics and Classical Field Theory they also say things like this (e.g. "the action must be a minimum for infinitesimal displacements").
I would like to know how general this is. Are there general results which show that the Action is always minimum when considering sufficiently short trajectories (in classical mechanics, classical field theory, general relativity, quantum mechanics, etc.)? What is the best resource which goes in depth about this sort of stuff?
• At least for bounded motion this seems false, see e.g. this answer. But this assumes "small but finite" displacements. Commented Mar 8, 2019 at 17:03
1. Introduction. It is well-known that the stationary solution to a simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) (with Dirichlet boundary conditions) is not a local minimum but a saddle point beyond the first caustics, i.e. if the lapsed time $$\Delta t~:=~t_f-t_i~>~ \frac{T}{2}\tag{1}$$ is more than half the period $$T$$ of the SHO, cf. e.g. my Phys.SE answer here.
2. OP is essentially asking the following interesting question.
Question: Given an action with Dirichlet boundary conditions, is for sufficiently short lapsed time $$\Delta t\in]0,\epsilon[$$ the stationary solution a local minimum?
Answer: No, not necessarily. A counterexample is a system of infinitely many SHOs, with periods $$T_n\to 0$$ for $$n\to \infty$$. For any finite $$\Delta t>0$$ the highest modes would then be beyond their first caustics, and hence saddle points.
Such a system can e.g. be realized by a vibrating string of length $$L$$ with Lagrangian density $${\cal L}~=~\frac{1}{2}(\partial_t\phi^2-\partial_x\phi^2)$$, which has infinitely many overtones.
You linked to an article by C. G. Gray and Edwin F. Taylor, that is available from Taylors website. Taylors website is my main source of information about the principle of least action.
A crucial aspect of the principle of least action is pointed out in a quote from Richard Feynman, that Taylor gives in one of his articles.
Along the true path, S is a minimum. Let's suppose that we have the true path and that it goes through some point a in space and time, and also through another nearby point b.
Now if the entire integral from t1 to t2 is a minimum, it is also necessary that the integral along the little section from a to b is a minimum. It can't be that the part from a to b is a little bit more. Otherwise you could fiddle with just that piece of path and make the whole integral a little lower. So every subsection of the path must also be a minimum. And this is true no matter how short the subsection. Therefore, the principle that the whole path gives a minimum can be stated also by saying that an infinitisimal section of path also has a curve such that it has minimum action.
Quote can be found in:
Feynman Lectures, book II, chapter 19, the principle of least action
I take it as given there are also cases where the true trajectory corresponds to a maximum of the action.
The same reasoning then applies: if the action is a maximum for the global trajectory it must be a maximum for every subsection of that global trajectory, down to subsections that are infinitisimally short.
[Later edit, 4 hours after initial posting]:
A maximum of the action
First off: my understanding is limited to cases where the potential energy is a function of spatial coordinate only; cases where the potential is also a function of time is out of scope for me.
The following reasoning is based on the understanding that is presented in my answer to the stackexchange question:
What is the physical content of the principle of least action
The range of possible force laws consists of the various powers of the spatial coordinate.
Of course, the two best known forces, gravity and the Coulomb force, are inverse square forces; force proportional to $$r^{-2}$$
For force proportional to $$r^{-2}$$ the action corresponding to the true trajectory is a minimum.
For force proportional to $$r^{-1}$$ the action corresponding to the true trajectory is a minimum.
For a force that is the same at every spatial coordinate the action corresponding to the true trajectory is a minimum.
A force that increases in linear proportion to the spatial coordinate is the critical case:
As we know, an attractive force that is proportional to $$r$$ is referred to as Hooke's law. As we know, when the force is Hooke's law the resulting motion is harmonic oscillation.
When evaluating the action: the kinetic energy varies in quadratic proportion to the variation of the trajectory (since the kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the velocity.) When the force is proportional to $$r$$ then the potential energy (integral of force over distance) is proportional to $$r^2$$ That is: in the case of Hooke's law both the kinetic energy and the potential energy vary in quadratic proportion to the variation of the trajectory. That makes it the critical case.
Next up is when the force increases in proportion to the square of the spatial coordinate: then the potential energy is proportional to the cube of the spatial coordinate. (And of course you can keep going up in power.)
The progression is from sub-critical, to critical, to super-critical. For force proportional to $$r^{-2}$$ $$r^{-1}$$ and $$r^0$$ change of potential energy in response to variation of the trajectory is smaller than the change of kinetic energy, hence the true trajectory corresponds to minimum of the action. I haven't done an actual mathematical verification, but on the above grounds it seems certain to me that in the case of a force that is proportional to the square of the spatial coordinate the action corresponding to the true trajectory will be a maximum.
Overview:
We can see that the vast majority of the cases that we readily encounter in Nature are sub-critical cases, for which the true trajectory corresponds to a minimum of the action.
Still, the laws of physics do not prohibit a restoring force that increases in larger proportion than Hooke's law. Hence my claim that cases where the true trajectory corresponds to a maximum of the action are physically possible.
[Second additional edit, 17 hours after initial posting.]
In their article When action is not least Gray and Taylor write something very, very odd.
The following intuitive proof by contradiction was given briefly by Jacobi [...] Consider an actual worldline for which it is claimed that S [...] is a true maximum. Now modify this worldline by adding wiggles somewhere in the middle. These wiggles are to be of very high frequency and very small amplitude so that they increase the kinetic energy K compared to that along the original worldline with only a small change in the corresponding potential energy U. The Lagrangian L=K−U for the region of wiggles is larger for the new curve and so is the overall time integral S. The new worldline has greater action than the original worldline, which we claimed to have maximum action. Therefore S cannot be a true maximum for any actual worldline.
This attempt at a proof by Gray and Taylor makes no sense.
Let me make a comparison: suppose that you are computing both the line integral of some function and the area integral (area enclosed between graph line and x-axis). As we know: in the case of computing a line integral adding high frequency small amplitude wiggles to the function graph will increase the line integral value, with minor impact on the area integral value.
It seems as if Gray and Taylor are treating the kinetic energy as being evaluated as a line integral, and treating the potential energy as being evaluated as an area integral.
But we all know that the Lagrangian L=K-U is evaluated as a single area integral. The wiggles in the graph that Gray and Taylor suggest will shift the value of the action away from the point where the action is stationary, just like any other type of variation of the trajectory.
So: the attempted proof that 'S cannot be a true maximum for any actual worldline' is refuted.
• I can see why the conditional claim “if the whole path is minimum, then each subsection is also minimum” is true. But this does not establish the general claim that action is always minimized in sufficiently short distances, since it is know that action in general is not always minimized (or maximized).
– Taro
Commented Mar 8, 2019 at 20:52
• @DavidB. Indeed: a general claim that in sufficiently short distances action is always minimized is refuted. We have that there are cases where the true trajectory corresponds to a maximum of the action. This implies that for such a trajectory every subsection, down to infinitisimally short subsections, the action is a maximum. That is what is pointed out in my answer: there are physically realistic trajectories where on each infinitisimal subsection the action is a maximum. Commented Mar 8, 2019 at 21:05
• Ah ok. In the two published articles I linked to, they both claim that the action is never maximized. “Misconceptions concerning the stationary nature of the action abound in the literature. Even Lagrange wrote that the value of the action can be maximum, a common error of which the authors of this paper have been guilty.” Which examples are you thinking of?
– Taro
Commented Mar 8, 2019 at 21:24
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# hour
1. ### Rounding using ceiling with conditions
I'm trying to round to the nearest quarter hour but if the rounding is less than 1:15 I want the cell to just display 1:15 I've tried =IF(CEILING((B2-A2),"00:15")<"01:15","1:15",CEILING((B2-A2),"00:15")) and it just puts 1:15 is every cell no matter if it's above or below 1:15 Below is an...
2. ### Updating or Auto Saving a file every hour
Hi! I have an excel file that is saving every day. I could save it an hour but not 'every' hour because of the error with the filename. Is there a way to just have a file which is updating every hour until it reaches a whole day and automatically save it with the same file name? Thanks
3. ### Calculating overtime for workers
I would like to make a formula stating below: worker finishes work at 18:00, after 18:25, we give half an hour OT after 18:45, we give 1 hour OT I also need to take into account some workers might work a few hours OT, therefore if he finishes work 19:25, I need excel to show 1hr30minutes OT...
4. ### Value in a cell between two times
I'm not an advanced excel user, and there is probably a very simple formula for this, but I am wondering if there's a way to record the value of a cell at a certain time. I'm a writer and I track my word count progress (cell C11) for each hour of the day. Right now, I'm putting it in manually...
5. ### Calculating points based on time
I'm trying to get a formula that calculates points up to a maximum of 50 depending on how many minutes a result is. IE Cell A2 has an actual time in it Cell B2 has a guess time in it Cell C2 has a calculation which shows as points (spot on, 50 points, 1 minute under or over, 49 points, 2...
6. ### Add a Slicer to a Ribbon Menu is it possible
Hello All, I have been searching for the last hour and I cannot find anything on how to add a slicer to a Ribbon Menu. Is it possible? Kurt
7. ### Turning time sum into decimal if over an hour
OK I am figuring the difference in times and the result is a decimal. But if the result is over an hour I loose that time, I only end up with the minutes and loose however many hours. So ... I need to fix that. Here is the existing formula...
8. ### Charting issues
Hi. there are lots of videos online teaching gantt chart with scheduling (by hours and minutes). but I haven't found anything about inserting break hour (lunch hour) Is this doable? can anyone guide me where to find it? Thanks
9. ### 1 Hour
Hi, I want that when I copy and paste time in Column C, an extra hour is added automatically. I mean if time is 7:35, when paste time will automatically be 8:35. This is about starting the second half of a soccer game. https://yadi.sk/i/69TRVQvw8zVzoA
10. ### convert a custom field
I have a field on that table that in excel is defined as custom H:mm. It is a duration of session field. The data will be 1:00 or 00:30, for one hour or 30 minutes. In the Crystal report it is showing as 12/31/1899. This is a downloaded excel from a report in the EHR.
11. ### Error Handling for Pivot Tables in VBA
Hi All, I'm not familiar enough with error handling in VBA, so I'm trying to figure out the best way to handle this. I did a little searching and found an On Error Goto that might work but I don't think that will be the best solution here. I have 18 worksheets, each worksheet as a Pivot...
12. ### Adjusting Time for British Summer Time
Hi All I think this is a question to test the chaps who specialise in difficult formula I am working on something that requires me to adjust tide times from UTC to a format that accommodates the seasonal changes in the UK for British Summer Time. Below is an explanation from the UK Government...
13. ### Time
Hi, I am new to excel, I want to know if I can add. See Below. Time is written in a specific cell, like this 10:30. I want to add 8:30 hour to it. Can I do it like this = A1 (cell in which time written ) + 8:30. Thanks in advance
14. ### Percentages of numbers
So Im working on a sheet to measure performance in our warehouse. A1=226 cases per hour B1 = 74% (performance) In order for me to see what A1 would look like if B2 were 100% I make a formula like this "A1/B1" which equals 306 cases per hour. That's all fine and dandy, but what if i want to...
15. ### SUMPRODUCT combining two and more criteria for check
disregard pls..thx
16. ### Calculating Speed
Hello. I am looking for a formula to calculate how far you travel in ONE SECOND at both 40 KPH and 60 KPH. Yes Kilometers Per Hour. I am in Canada!!
17. ### I have an auto-updating list and I want to to save those data points every hour.
Dear Excel Geniuses, I am trying to copy a cell every time it updates and put it in a new cell. I am working in a sheet with different numerical values that automatically update every hour. These values are a2:a101. I want to record their changed values to the right of the original number...
18. ### Gantt chart production schedule
Hello. I'm looking for help in creating a production schedule in excel, Gantt chart style. The schedule is for Mon - Fri, 10 hour shifts. Id like the schedule to show in 1 column the routed time in units per hour to show how many units should be produced every hour, based on the total units...
19. ### Trying to pull data based on certain criteria
I am trying to create a document for the VP’s of my companyto be able to type in a Region number and date and have it display only thosestores that have items sold that are under 35. I would also like to break it up buy hour. I have beentrying the formula...
20. ### MAX Value based on Time range- not working correctly
<tbody> row/column C D E ---> BD ----> BI 11 Start End Target TimeHour Target 12 3:00 AM 6:00 AM 2 12:00 AM 1 13 1:00 AM 6:00 AM 4 1:00 AM 4 14 4:00 AM 6:00 AM 2 2:00 AM 3 15 4:00 AM 7:00 AM 3 3:00 AM 2 16 1:00 AM 5:00 AM 4 4:00 AM 2 17 9:00 PM 12:00 AM 5 5:00 AM 2 |...
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https://googology.fandom.com/wiki/Oktria
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20,451
pages
View full site to see MathJax equation
The oktria (also called funnytria) is equal to M(faitria,6) in Hyper-Moser notation. The number was invented by Aarex Tiaokhiao.[1]
In the up-arrow notation oktria is between $$3 \uparrow^{7} 4$$ and $$3 \uparrow^{7} 5$$.
Sources
Mega series: Mega · A-ooga (Megision) · Megisiduon · Megisitruon · Megisiquadruon
Grand Mega series: Grand Mega · Grand Megision · Grand Megisiduon (A-oogra) · Grand Megisitruon · Grand Megisiquadruon
Great Mega series: Great Mega · Great Megision · Great Megisiduon · Great Megisitruon (A-oogrea) · Great Megisiquadruon
Gong Mega series: Gong Mega · Gong Megision · Gong Megisiduon · Gong Megisitruon · Gong Megisiquadruon (A-oogonga)
Hexomega series: Hexomega · Hexomegision · Hexomegisiduon · Hexomegisitruon · Hexomegisiquadruon · Hexomegisiquinton (A-oohexa)
Heptomega series: Heptomega · A-oohepta (Heptomegisisexton) · Octomega · A-oocta · Nonomega · A-ooennea
Megistron series: Megiston (Megistron) · Megisiplextron · Megisiduplextron · Megisitriplextron · Megisiquadruplextron · A-oomega (Megisienneaplextron)
A-ooga series: A-ooga · Betomega (A-oogatiplex) · A-oogatiduplex · A-oogatitriplex · A-oogatiquadruplex · A-oogatiquintiplex
A-oogra series: A-oogra · A-oogratiplex · Betogiga (A-oogratiduplex) · A-oogratitriplex · A-oogratiquadruplex · A-oogratiquintiplex
A-oogrea series: A-oogrea · A-oogreatiplex · A-oogreatiduplex · Betotera (A-oogreatitriplex) · A-oogreatiquadruplex · A-oogreatiquintiplex
A-oogonga series: A-oogonga · A-oogongatiplex · A-oogongatiduplex · A-oogongatitriplex · Betopeta (A-oogongatiquadruplex) · A-oogongatiquintiplex
A-oohexa series: A-oohexa · A-oohexatiplex · A-oohexatiduplex · A-oohexatitriplex · A-oohexatiquadruplex · Betoexa (A-oohexatiquintiplex)
A-oohepta series: A-oohepta · Betozetta (A-ooheptatisextiplex) · A-oocta · Betoyotta · A-ooennea · Betoxota
A-oomega series: A-oomega · A-oomegatiplex · A-oomegatiduplex · A-oomegatitriplex · A-oomegatiquadruplex · Betodaka (A-oomegatienneaplex)
Betomega series: Betomega · Flexinega (Brantomega) · Breatomega · Bigiatomega · Biquadriatomega · Biquintiatomega
Betogiga series: Betogiga · Brantogiga · Flexitria (Breatogiga) · Bigiatogiga · Biquadriatogiga · Biquintiatogiga
Betotera series: Betotera · Brantotera · Breatotera · Flexitera (Bigiatotera) · Biquadriatotera · Biquintiatotera
Betopeta series: Betopeta · Brantopeta · Breatopeta · Bigatopeta · Flexipera (Biquadriatopeta) · Biquintiatopeta
Betoexa series: Betoexa · Brantoexa · Breatoexa · Bigatoexa · Biquadriatoexa · Flexiexa (Biquintiatoexa)
Betozetta series: Betozetta · Flexizetta · Betoyotta · Betoxota · Betodaka
Flexinega series: Flexinega · Oktia (Fainega) · Funnynega · Ftetrinega · Fpentinega · Fhexinega
Flexitria series: Flexitria · Faitria · Oktria (Funnytria) · Ftetritria · Fpentitria · Fhexitria
Flexitera series: Flexitera · Faitera · Funnytera · Oktetra (Ftetritera)
Moser series: Moser · Grand Moser · Great Moser · Gong Moser
Maser series: Maser · Miser (Killaser) · Meser · Muser
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https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20170116222532AAC195N
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# tan(2x-5) - cot(x+1) = 0?
Relevance
• 4 years ago
sin(2x - 5) / cos(2x - 5) - cos(x + 1) / sin(x + 1) = 0
sin(2x - 5) / cos(2x - 5) = cos(x + 1) / sin(x + 1)
sin(2x - 5) * sin(x + 1) = cos(2x - 5) * cos(x + 1)
0 = cos(2x - 5) * cos(x + 1) - sin(2x - 5) * sin(x + 1)
0 = cos((2x - 5) + (x + 1))
0 = cos(2x + x - 5 + 1)
0 = cos(3x - 4)
If x is in degrees
cos(3x - 4) = 0
3x - 4 = 90 + 180 * k
k is an integer
3x = 94 + 180 * k
x = 94/3 + 60 * k
x = 31.333333.... + 60 * k
x = 31.333.... , 91.333.... , 151.333.... , 211.333... , 271.333.... , 331.333.....
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https://www.writers24x7.com/sc09221-product-range/
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# SC09221 Product Range
Task:
1. Distinguish between constructive and destructive interference. Please use 3 content related sentences.2. Explain how surface waves can have characteristics of both longitudinal waves and transverse waves. Please use 3 content related sentences.3. A lifeguard on a beach observes that waves have a speed of 2.60 m/s and a distance of 2.50 m between wave crests. What is the period of the wave motion? Please show all work.4. What will happen to the pitch of a sound as that sound’s source approaches an observer? Explain why this happens, based on what you have learned about wave properties. Please use 3 content related sentences.5. If a musical instrument such as a trumpet or flute is “flat”, should the pipe be lengthened or shortened? Explain with at least 2 content related sentences.6. A train is moving at 23 m/s due east when it sounds a blast on its horn, frequency = 164 Hz. What frequency is heard by the driver of a car moving due east at 15 m/s along a road parallel to the tracks? Use 343 m/s for the speed of sound. Please show all work. 8. A laser beam from Earth is reflected back from a mirror on the Moon in 2.60 s. If the distance between Earth and the Moon is 3.85 × 108 m, calculate the speed of light. Please show all work.9. Explain how the diffraction of light shows that light behaves like a wave. Please use 3 content related sentences.10. A 20.0 cm tall object is placed 50.0 cm in front of a convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 34.0 cm. Where will the image be located, and how tall will it be? Please show all work.11. Explain why convex mirrors can only produce virtual images. Please use at least 2 content related sentences.12. A mirror has a magnification of -2.5. Explain what this means in terms of the object produced. Please use at least 2 content related sentences. 13. Tom’s father is 48 years old. He is not able to see nearby objects clearly.a. What may be the reason for his vision problem?b. Where are images formed in this type of defected vision?c. How is this defect corrected?14. Why does chromatic aberration occur? Please use 3 content related sentences.15. Light passes from air into water at an angle of 40.0° to the normal. What is the angle of refraction?16. Why does the pattern of colors repeat in a thin soap film? Please use 2 content related sentences.17. Radio waves can bend around buildings. An X-ray technician stands behind a wall during the use of her machine. What does this tell you about the relative wavelengths of these two types of invisible light? Please use 2 content related sentences.18. What does it mean when white light is diffracted and at a particular location the color seen is blue? Please use 2 content related sentences.Identify each of the following as a conductors or insulators.
19. cloth20. dry wood21. tap water22. glass23. A positively charged light metal ball is suspended between two oppositely charged metal plates on an insulating thread as shown below. After being charged once, the plates are disconnected from the battery. Describe the behavior of the ball. Please use 3 content related sentences. 24. Air is an insulator. However, in winter you might experience a spark when your fingers touch a doorknob. Briefly explain why this happens. Please use 2 content related sentences.25. Three positive charges A, B, and C, and a negative charge D are placed in a line as shown in the diagram. All four charges are of equal magnitude. The distances between A and B, B and C, and C and D are equal.a. Which charge experiences the greatest net force? Which charge experiences the smallest net force?
b. Find the ratio of the greatest to the smallest net force.26. A rubber rod can be charged negatively when it is rubbed with wool. What happens to the charge of the wool?27. The electric field around a positive charge is shown in the diagram. Describe the nature of these lines. Please use 2 content related sentences.
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https://ftp.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/nhm.2021009
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# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences
September 2021, 16(3): 341-375. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2021009
## Convergence rates for the homogenization of the Poisson problem in randomly perforated domains
Imperial College London, Department of Mathematics, London, UK
Received December 2020 Revised March 2021 Published September 2021 Early access April 2021
In this paper we provide converge rates for the homogenization of the Poisson problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions in a randomly perforated domain of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d \geqslant 3$. We assume that the holes that perforate the domain are spherical and are generated by a rescaled marked point process $(\Phi, \mathcal{R})$. The point process $\Phi$ generating the centres of the holes is either a Poisson point process or the lattice $\mathbb{Z}^d$; the marks $\mathcal{R}$ generating the radii are unbounded i.i.d random variables having finite $(d-2+\beta)$-moment, for $\beta > 0$. We study the rate of convergence to the homogenized solution in terms of the parameter $\beta$. We stress that, for low values of $\beta$, the balls generating the holes may overlap with overwhelming probability.
Citation: Arianna Giunti. Convergence rates for the homogenization of the Poisson problem in randomly perforated domains. Networks and Heterogeneous Media, 2021, 16 (3) : 341-375. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2021009
##### References:
[1] G. Allaire, Homogenization of the Navier-Stokes equations in open sets perforated with tiny holes. I. Abstract framework, a volume distribution of holes, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 113 (1990), 209-259. doi: 10.1007/BF00375065. [2] L. Caffarelli and A. Mellet, Random homogenization of fractional obstacle problems, Netw. Heterog. Media, 3 (2008), 523-554. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2008.3.523. [3] L. A. Caffarelli and A. Mellet, Random homogenization of an obstacle problem, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 375-395. doi: 10.1016/j.anihpc.2007.09.001. [4] C. Calvo-Jurado, J. Casado-Díaz and M. Luna-Laynez, Homogenization of nonlinear Dirichlet problems in random perforated domains, Nonlinear Anal., 133 (2016), 250-274. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2015.12.008. [5] K. Carrapatoso and M. Hillairet, On the derivation of a Stokes-Brinkman problem from Stokes equations around a random array of moving spheres, Comm. Math. Phys., 373 (2020), 265-325. doi: 10.1007/s00220-019-03637-8. [6] D. Cioranescu and F. Murat, A strange term coming from nowhere, Topics in the Mathematical Modelling of Composite Materials, Progr. Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 31, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1997, 45–93. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2032-9_4. [7] D. J. Daley and D. Vere-Jones, An Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes. Vol.II. General Theory and Structures, Probability and Its Applications, Springer, New York, 2008. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-49835-5. [8] L. Desvillettes, F. Golse and V. Ricci, The mean-field limit for solid particles in a {N}avier-{S}tokes flow, J. Stat. Phys., 131 (2008), 941-967. doi: 10.1007/s10955-008-9521-3. [9] R. Figari, E. Orlandi and S. Teta, The Laplacian in regions with many small obstacles: Fluctuations around the limit operator, J. Statist. Phys., 41 (1985), 465-487. doi: 10.1007/BF01009018. [10] A. Giunti, Derivation of Darcy's law in randomly punctured domains, preprint, arXiv: 2101.01046. [11] A. Giunti and R. M. Höfer, Convergence of the pressure in the homogenization of the Stokes equations in randomly perforated domains, preprint, arXiv: 2003.04724. [12] A. Giunti and R. M. Höfer, Homogenisation for the Stokes equations in randomly perforated domains under almost minimal assumptions on the size of the holes, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 36 (2019), 1829-1868. doi: 10.1016/j.anihpc.2019.06.002. [13] A. Giunti, R. Höfer and J. J. L. Velàzquez, Homogenization for the Poisson equation in randomly perforated domains under minimal assumptions on the size of the holes, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 43 (2018), 1377-1412. doi: 10.1080/03605302.2018.1531425. [14] M. Hillairet, On the homogenization of the Stokes problem in a perforated domain, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 230 (2018), 1179-1228. doi: 10.1007/s00205-018-1268-7. [15] M. Hillairet, A. Moussa and F. Sueur, On the effect of polydispersity and rotation on the Brinkman force induced by a cloud of particles on a viscous incompressible flow, Kinet. Relat. Models, 12 (2019), 681-701. doi: 10.3934/krm.2019026. [16] R. M. Höfer and J. Jansen, Fluctuations in the homogenization of the Poisson and Stokes equations in perforated domains, preprint, arXiv: 2004.04111. [17] W. Jing, A unified homogenization approach for the Dirichlet problem in perforated domains, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 52 (2020), 1192-1220. doi: 10.1137/19M1255525. [18] H. Kacimi and F. Murat, Estimation de l'erreur dans des problèmes de Dirichlet où apparait un terme étrange, in Partial Differential Equations and the Calculus of Variations, Vol. II, Progr. Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 2, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1989,661–696. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9831-2_6. [19] R. V. Kohn and M. Vogelius, A new model for thin plates with rapidly varying thickness. II. A convergence proof, Quart. Appl. Math., 43 (1985), 1-22. doi: 10.1090/qam/782253. [20] V. A. Marchenko and E. Y. Khruslov, Homogenization of Partial Differential Equations, Progress in Mathematical Physics, 46, Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 2006. doi: 10.1007/978-0-8176-4468-0. [21] G. C. Papanicolaou and S. R. S. Varadhan, Diffusion in regions with many small holes, in Stochastic Differential Systems, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sci., 25, Springer, Berlin-New York, 1980,190–206. doi: 10.1007/BFb0004010. [22] E. Sánchez-Palencia, On the asymptotics of the fluid flow past an array of fixed obstacles, Internat. J. Engrg. Sci., 20 (1982), 1291-1301. doi: 10.1016/0020-7225(82)90055-6. [23] L. Tartar, The General Theory of Homogenization. A personalized Introduction, Lecture Notes of the Unione Matematica Italiana, 7, Springer-Verlag, Berlin; UMI, Bologna, 2009. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-05195-1. [24] V. V. Zhikov and M. E. Rychago, Homogenization of non-linear second-order elliptic equations in perforated domains, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 61 (1997), 69-88. doi: 10.1070/im1997v061n01ABEH000105.
show all references
##### References:
[1] G. Allaire, Homogenization of the Navier-Stokes equations in open sets perforated with tiny holes. I. Abstract framework, a volume distribution of holes, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 113 (1990), 209-259. doi: 10.1007/BF00375065. [2] L. Caffarelli and A. Mellet, Random homogenization of fractional obstacle problems, Netw. Heterog. Media, 3 (2008), 523-554. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2008.3.523. [3] L. A. Caffarelli and A. Mellet, Random homogenization of an obstacle problem, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 375-395. doi: 10.1016/j.anihpc.2007.09.001. [4] C. Calvo-Jurado, J. Casado-Díaz and M. Luna-Laynez, Homogenization of nonlinear Dirichlet problems in random perforated domains, Nonlinear Anal., 133 (2016), 250-274. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2015.12.008. [5] K. Carrapatoso and M. Hillairet, On the derivation of a Stokes-Brinkman problem from Stokes equations around a random array of moving spheres, Comm. Math. Phys., 373 (2020), 265-325. doi: 10.1007/s00220-019-03637-8. [6] D. Cioranescu and F. Murat, A strange term coming from nowhere, Topics in the Mathematical Modelling of Composite Materials, Progr. Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 31, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1997, 45–93. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2032-9_4. [7] D. J. Daley and D. Vere-Jones, An Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes. Vol.II. General Theory and Structures, Probability and Its Applications, Springer, New York, 2008. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-49835-5. [8] L. Desvillettes, F. Golse and V. Ricci, The mean-field limit for solid particles in a {N}avier-{S}tokes flow, J. Stat. Phys., 131 (2008), 941-967. doi: 10.1007/s10955-008-9521-3. [9] R. Figari, E. Orlandi and S. Teta, The Laplacian in regions with many small obstacles: Fluctuations around the limit operator, J. Statist. Phys., 41 (1985), 465-487. doi: 10.1007/BF01009018. [10] A. Giunti, Derivation of Darcy's law in randomly punctured domains, preprint, arXiv: 2101.01046. [11] A. Giunti and R. M. Höfer, Convergence of the pressure in the homogenization of the Stokes equations in randomly perforated domains, preprint, arXiv: 2003.04724. [12] A. Giunti and R. M. Höfer, Homogenisation for the Stokes equations in randomly perforated domains under almost minimal assumptions on the size of the holes, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 36 (2019), 1829-1868. doi: 10.1016/j.anihpc.2019.06.002. [13] A. Giunti, R. Höfer and J. J. L. Velàzquez, Homogenization for the Poisson equation in randomly perforated domains under minimal assumptions on the size of the holes, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 43 (2018), 1377-1412. doi: 10.1080/03605302.2018.1531425. [14] M. Hillairet, On the homogenization of the Stokes problem in a perforated domain, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 230 (2018), 1179-1228. doi: 10.1007/s00205-018-1268-7. [15] M. Hillairet, A. Moussa and F. Sueur, On the effect of polydispersity and rotation on the Brinkman force induced by a cloud of particles on a viscous incompressible flow, Kinet. Relat. Models, 12 (2019), 681-701. doi: 10.3934/krm.2019026. [16] R. M. Höfer and J. Jansen, Fluctuations in the homogenization of the Poisson and Stokes equations in perforated domains, preprint, arXiv: 2004.04111. [17] W. Jing, A unified homogenization approach for the Dirichlet problem in perforated domains, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 52 (2020), 1192-1220. doi: 10.1137/19M1255525. [18] H. Kacimi and F. Murat, Estimation de l'erreur dans des problèmes de Dirichlet où apparait un terme étrange, in Partial Differential Equations and the Calculus of Variations, Vol. II, Progr. Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 2, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1989,661–696. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9831-2_6. [19] R. V. Kohn and M. Vogelius, A new model for thin plates with rapidly varying thickness. II. A convergence proof, Quart. Appl. Math., 43 (1985), 1-22. doi: 10.1090/qam/782253. [20] V. A. Marchenko and E. Y. Khruslov, Homogenization of Partial Differential Equations, Progress in Mathematical Physics, 46, Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 2006. doi: 10.1007/978-0-8176-4468-0. [21] G. C. Papanicolaou and S. R. S. Varadhan, Diffusion in regions with many small holes, in Stochastic Differential Systems, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sci., 25, Springer, Berlin-New York, 1980,190–206. doi: 10.1007/BFb0004010. [22] E. Sánchez-Palencia, On the asymptotics of the fluid flow past an array of fixed obstacles, Internat. J. Engrg. Sci., 20 (1982), 1291-1301. doi: 10.1016/0020-7225(82)90055-6. [23] L. Tartar, The General Theory of Homogenization. A personalized Introduction, Lecture Notes of the Unione Matematica Italiana, 7, Springer-Verlag, Berlin; UMI, Bologna, 2009. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-05195-1. [24] V. V. Zhikov and M. E. Rychago, Homogenization of non-linear second-order elliptic equations in perforated domains, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 61 (1997), 69-88. doi: 10.1070/im1997v061n01ABEH000105.
The construction of $K_{ \varepsilon, z}$ from the cube $Q_{k, \varepsilon}$. The dashed grey area corresponds to the set $K_{ \varepsilon, z}$, while $Q_{ \varepsilon, z}$ is the square bounded by the thick black line. The green dots are the points of $\Phi^ \varepsilon_\delta$ that fall inside the set $Q_{k-1, z}$ (here bounded by the dashed blue line). The red dots are the points that are outside of $Q_{k, z}$ but whose associated cube intersects $\partial Q_{k, z}$. The black dots are the points that are in $Q_{k, z} \backslash Q_{k-1, z}$. Note that the cubes associated to the black and red dots are typically smaller than the ones associated to the green dots due to the cut-off $\tilde R_{ \varepsilon, z}$
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2021 Impact Factor: 1.41
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# Home learning
When your child is off school isolating , we will put work that can be completed at home in this folder. There are a few weeks' worth of White Rose Maths worksheets and answers - your child can work through them at a rate of one per day. There is also a link to the Oak National Academy - just find your child's year group (3) and find the lessons for the day that they can do at home. Your child should NOT do the maths from the Oak National Academy, please just have them complete the White Rose Maths we have provided. Obviously if your child is too unwell, we do not expect them to do any learning.
## The Word Collector Graffiti Art
This is the link for the Oak National Academy. Please use this link to find daily English and Foundation Subject lessons to complete at home.
Use the link to access Y3 resources and lessons. From there it would be best to click on 'Schedule' and then begin with Monday's lessons. The lessons follow a sequence, so may not make much sense if you start with a midweek lesson or choose by topic/skill.
Online/ Offline home learning for week beginning 21/09/20 Monday Lesson 1- English/Topic Today I would like you to write questions that you would like to ask to Mrs Webster. You can send me a picture of these questions by email, video yourself reading them out, or read them to me on our Zoom call. I will make a list of them and send them to her. She will will record her answers to some of these and we will give the children a link to this. Lesson 2- Maths Today's maths work is to complete "worksheet 1", which you can find underneath the table. If you cannot print the maths sheet, please write your number bonds to 10 and 20. Tuesday Lesson 1- English/Topic Imagine you were the main character in the story of The Word Collector. Write a character description, remembering to use interesting adjectives and noun phrases. If you would like to, you could write your own version of the story using yourself as the main character! Lesson 2- Maths Today's maths work is to complete "worksheet 2", which you can find underneath the table. If you cannot print the maths sheet, please write fact families for number bonds to 10 and 20. i.e. 1+9=10 9+1=10 10-1=9 10-9=1
Using this link https://whiterosemaths.com/homelearning/year-3/week-2/ you should hopefully be able to access some learning videos to accompany the worksheets for Monday and Tuesday's lessons.
## Worksheets for maths work
Reading, writing, comprehension and grammar activities can be found in this text book: https://en.calameo.com/read/000777721a9510b5eabad?authid=ZvglyP4uZn1C®ion=international Please start section 1 and work through the text together with your child. Then they can work through the questions. They will be looking at home and school around the world - see if they can make comparisons with their own environment. Hopefully we will be able to go through some of these learning tasks together over Zoom if our class or school are unable to be open for a short period of time.
History - This is an engaging text full of age-appropriate activities and information: https://en.calameo.com/read/000777721e0d6216607ef?authid=851Bscelow0y®ion=international
Geography - If your child would like to complete some geography work, I would recommend they begin with the chapter on Weather Around the World (Section 2) https://en.calameo.com/read/00077772191dbefaeac1b?authid=NA54cZwDdEbx®ion=international
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# Blog
• Home
• The cost of starting and running an ESOP may range from \$80,000 to \$250,000 and, if the company has fewer than a few hundred employees, between \$20,000 and \$30,000.
## what does it cost to have an esop valuation on a business - Related Questions
### Can an ESOP lose value?
An ESOP account's value can increase in one of two ways: if the stock's value rises or if the participant's account receives additional shares. In contrast, if the stock market falls in value or if share allocations end, the value of an ESOP account will decrease.
### Can ESOP be issued free of cost?
As part of the ESOP scheme, an employee is given a stock option for free. The grant price, or the price at which an employee can purchase a share from the company, is usually set and is significantly lower than the current market price of the shares if they are publicly traded.
### How are ESOP valued?
Options pricing models like Black-Scholes and binomial models are typically used to estimate an ESOP's fair value. The Black-Scholes model is most commonly used to value ESOPs fairly because it considers a variety of other factors such as Time Value, Interest Rate, Volatility, and Dividend Yield, among others.
### What is an ESOP valuation report?
We determine the fair market value of the ESOP's equity interest in the Company in a valuation update by applying the same meticulous attention to detail that we used in our initial ESOP appraisal. In addition to the valuation report, each valuation update is accompanied by a comparison report.
### How is ESOP fair market value calculated?
The CCI had set forth two methodologies for calculating fair market value for unlisted companies: net asset value (NAV) and profit earning capacity value (PECV). According to the net asset value method, the fair value is equal to the company's net worth as reported on its balance sheet divided by the number of shares outstanding.
### How do employees benefit from ESOP?
Employees pay no tax on their contributions to the ESOP; only the distributions of their accounts are taxed, and then at potentially lower rates: employees can roll their distributions over into an IRA or other retirement plan, or pay current tax on the distribution, with any gains accumulated over time taxed as capital gains.
### Is an ESOP good for employees?
In practice, ESOP participants have significantly more retirement assets than non-ESOP participants. The design of ESOPs makes them especially attractive to lower-income and younger employees than typical 401(k)s.
### How much ESOP should I expect?
For a CXO, the standard and well-tested practice is to take into account anything between one and two percent, and anything between 0. For a key hire one level below a CXO, the rate is 25% and 1%. In the case of a professional CEO, 4%-8 % may be required.
The majority of ESOPs are leveraged, with some borrowed funds used to fund the selling shareholder's exit transaction. Companies that are extremely volatile and highly cyclical are unsuitable for heavily leveraged loans and are vulnerable to lender demands during a recession.
### Can an ESOP fail?
The Tribune Company and United Airlines, for example, are two well-known examples of ESOP companies that have gone bankrupt. "ESOPs just have a harder time succeeding," an employee-owned company once said. They fail more than 90 percent of the time. ” In fact, it is the polar opposite.
### What are the disadvantages of ESOP?
• Employees can become very overweighted in this security in their investment portfolios because ESOP plans are typically funded entirely with company stock.
• Payout is too low.
• Corporation with a Strict Corporate Structure...
• Difficulties with Cash Flow
• There are high expenses to contend with.
• Dilution in the value of the company's stock.
• ### Is ESOP good or bad for employees?
To summarize, Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) are not as advantageous as they are advertised. They, too, have a number of disadvantages that both parties should consider before deciding to use Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) as a form of employee compensation.
No, all private and public companies must set the exercise price which must be determined when the options are granted. At grant date, the Company can freely determine the exercise price, which may be at a discount or premium to the current market value.
### Do I have to pay for ESOP?
A change to Budget 2020 will put an end to the need for employees receiving ESOPs from eligible startups to pay taxes in the year the option was exercised. ESOPs have a five-year expiration date from the date they were first issued. ESOPs were sold by the employee on this date. The date on which your employment came to an end.
### Is ESOP reserve a free reserve?
Its unallocated funds; 2. the securities premium reserve account [Section 52(2) of the Companies Act, 2013]; 3. the securities premium reserve account [Section 52(2) of the Companies Act, 2013]; Proceeds from the sale of any stock or other specified security.
### what does it cost to have an esop valuation on a business?
The annual valuation for most companies can cost up to \$25,000, which is generally not prohibitive. Outside trustees, bank financing, attorneys and consultants are additional and often optional costs; however, the TPA and annual valuation are typically the primary costs associated with ESOP administration.
### How often are ESOP valued?
An ESOP must value the stock of the company at least annually, typically as of the last day of the any stock in an ESOP must be valued at least annually, typically as of the last day of the plan year. The ESOP trustee determines the annual stock value based on an independent appraiser's report and advice.
### How much does it cost to set up an ESOP?
The costs of setting up an employee stock ownership plan can range from \$15,000 to \$100,000. Set up a trust to buy and hold ESOP stock is included in these costs. It is necessary to keep valuations up to date. A qualified appraiser should appraise ESOP stock in order to ensure that it is fairly valued.
### How do I avoid tax on ESOP?
Consider rolling over your ESOP distribution to avoid paying taxes and penalties. When tax-deferred funds from your ESOP are transferred to another tax-deferred account, such as an IRA or 401(k), it is known as a rollover.
### Why is ESOP important?
Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) allow employees to buy company stock at a discounted price and sell it at a profit after a set period of time (determined by the employer). There are several success stories of employees making fortunes alongside the company's founders.
### How often must an ESOP report share values to its shareholders?
The company must provide its employees with an annual statement that indicates their share value and other ESOP assets, either upon their termination, request, or a one-year break from work.
### How do I start an ESOP?
What Are the Steps to Starting an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP)? Establishing a trust to purchase your stock is the first step in setting up a company stock ownership plan. During this period, you will make tax-deductible contributions to your ESOP - either by purchasing company shares with cash or by making cash contributions. Employee stock ownership will be transferred to ESOP trusts, which will allocate shares to individual employees.
### How many employees do you need to form an ESOP?
There are a few ESOPs with fewer than ten employees, and many more with ten to twenty, but in most cases, a minimum of 15 employees is a good starting point.
### How do I structure an ESOP plan?
In essence, ESOPs should be built around three factors: the startup's stage, the employee's contribution, and his or her compensation package, all while keeping an eye on the equity pool.
### Is ESOP tax-exempt?
ESOP trusts are IRC Section 401(a) exempt organizations allowed to be shareholders in S corporations as a result of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996. As a tax-exempt tax-exempt entity, the ESOP trust is a member of the S corporation.
### How much tax do you pay on ESOP?
When held for less than three years, the shares are considered short-term, and when sold after three years, they are considered long-term. The holding period begins on the date of exercise and ends on the date of sale. Short-term gains are taxed at income tax slab rates in this case and long-term gains are taxed at 20% after cost indexation rates in this case.
### How are ESOP sales taxed?
In summary, a sale to an ESOP is taxed at capital gains rates, with the option of deferring or eliminating taxes entirely. The ability to defer capital gains taxes when selling a business to an ESOP can save you a lot of money in taxes.
### Do esops pay federal income tax?
An ESOP owned 100 percent by an S corporation has the benefit of generally paying no federal income tax and little state income tax. This is due to the flow-through structure of S corporations, which are generally tax-free at the entity level whether or not they are owned by an ESOP.
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CC-MAIN-2021-49
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Algebra Tutorials!
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Author Message
zinog
Registered: 07.03.2002
From: Australia
Posted: Friday 29th of Dec 15:47 1. Hello Friends Can someone out there help me? My algebra teacher gave us boolean algebra simplify applet homework today. Normally I am good at parallel lines but somehow I am just stuck on this one assignment. I have to turn it in by this Friday but it looks like I will not be able to complete it in time. So I thought of coming online to find assistance. I will really be grateful if someone can help me work this (topicKwds) out in time.
kfir
Registered: 07.05.2006
From: egypt
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Bet
Registered: 13.10.2001
From: kµlt øƒ Ø™
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DiamondFosk
Registered: 26.01.2004
From:
Posted: Tuesday 02nd of Jan 09:25 You mean it’s that uncomplicated ? Terrific . Looks like just the one to end my search for a solution to my problems . Where can I locate this program? Please do let me know.
ZaleviL
Registered: 14.07.2002
From: floating in the light, never forgotten
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https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/341671/predictions-with-random-forest-in-caret
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# predictions with random forest in caret
I recently got confused on how to do correct predictions for random forrests. Here is an example:
library(caret)
n <- nrow(iris)
set.seed(44)
train_idx = sample(1:n, 0.8*n, replace = F)
traindat = iris[train_idx,]
testdat = iris[-train_idx,]
control <- trainControl(method="repeatedcv", number=10, repeats=3)
tunegrid <- expand.grid(mtry = 1:3)
rf <- train(Sepal.Length ~ ., data = traindat, trControl = control, tuneGrid = tunegrid)
So basically I run a simple random forest to predict Sepal.Length. Now
> print(rf)
Random Forest
120 samples
4 predictor
No pre-processing
Resampling: Cross-Validated (10 fold, repeated 3 times)
Summary of sample sizes: 107, 108, 107, 108, 106, 108, ...
Resampling results across tuning parameters:
mtry RMSE Rsquared MAE
1 0.4121244 0.8035960 0.3294848
2 0.3466976 0.8485902 0.2917225
3 0.3340895 0.8547870 0.2811055
RMSE was used to select the optimal model using the smallest value.
The final value used for the model was mtry = 3.
This tells me that the parameter mtry = 3 performed best on the training set with a RMSE of 0.33. I went on to check for this RMSEa and tried to calculate it by hand:
> sqrt(mean((predict.train(rf, newdata = traindat, type = "raw") - traindat$Sepal.Length)^2)) [1] 0.1736768 What did I do wrong? Is predict.train the right way to do predictions for random forests? Glad to hear your advice. Thank you. • The RMSE values shown in the printed model output represent the 'model performance on the hold-out sample' (or 'hold-out validation set') of the cross-validation runs. Many research papers in recent years have reported only this hold-out sample RMSE without testing set performance - but only if no model tuning had been performed. Sep 13, 2019 at 4:55 ## 1 Answer As per documentation of train and trainControl, there is a sampling / cross-validation process which separates your training set into a "sub-training" set and a "sub-validation" set to build the model. Default value for separation is 0.75, which means that at each iteration of the cross-validation, 75% of your values are used to build the sub-training set and the remaining 25% (sub-testing set) are tested. So the RMSE displayed in rf is the RMSE calculated on the sub-testing sets, based on the model built with the sub-validation sets (hence, distinct datasets for training and testing). Obviously, the final model uses all your data with the optimal calculated parameters - in your case, mtry = 3. So when your are predicting your traindat with the final rf model and calculating the resulting RMSE, you are not comparing the same things. You get a lower RMSE because the data your are predicting is present in the model you have constructed, whereas it was not the case when train evaluated the performance of the models. If you want to get the partition of your folds, set savePredictions parameter in your trainControl to TRUE or "all". control <- trainControl(method="repeatedcv", number=10, repeats=3, savePredictions = T) You can then access to the partition through your train object, using pred element. > head(rf$pred)
pred obs rowIndex mtry Resample
1 5.766016 5.6 7 1 Fold01.Rep1
2 5.732148 5.7 28 1 Fold01.Rep1
3 4.939007 4.3 34 1 Fold01.Rep1
4 5.002672 4.8 48 1 Fold01.Rep1
5 6.756495 7.7 71 1 Fold01.Rep1
6 6.354641 6.7 74 1 Fold01.Rep1
• Thank you for your answer: is there any way to see the predicted values of each of the sub-validation sets? If I am not mistaken, every row in the original tainingdata set is in a sub-validation set exactly three times and I would like to know the corresponding predictions. Apr 20, 2018 at 11:02
• Set savePredictions parameter in trainControl to T or (all). I will edit my answer to include this part. Apr 20, 2018 at 12:20
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Saturday
May 25, 2013
# Homework Help: Math: Geometry
Geometry
In ⊙B the length of arc ST is 3π inches and the measure of arc ST is 120. What is the radius of ⊙B?
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 7:44pm
Geometry
It is 5:00. What is the measure of the minor arc formed by the hands of an analog clock?
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 7:36pm
Geometry
Kiley's in-line skate wheels have a 43-mm diameter. How many meters will Kiley travel after 5,000 revolutions of the wheels on her in-line skates? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a meter.
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 7:35pm
geometry
If point P is at the center of the circle, and the length of chord equals 12 inches, which is the length of the radius ?
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 1:50pm
geometry
If AD is 10 units AB is 8 units AC is 12 is units ED is 4.5 units and if AED is 100 degrees what is the measure of DC
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 1:14pm
Geometry
Given circle E with diameter AC and m<DAC=62 degrees, find mAD(arc).
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 3:35am
Geometry
The marching band has ordered a banner with its logo. The logo is a circle with a 45 degree central angle. If the diameter of the circle is 3 feet, what is the length of the major arc to the nearest tenth?
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 12:38am
Geometry
A Ferris wheel has a 50 meter radius. How many kilometers will a passenger travel during a ride if the wheel makes 10 revolutions? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a kilometer.
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 12:37am
Geometry
The wheels on Jay's bike each have a 20 inch diameter. His sister's mountain bike has wheels that each have a 26 inch diameter. To the nearest inch, how much farther does Jay's sister's bike travel in one revolution than Jay's bike?
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 12:36am
Geometry
A dartboard consists of five concentric circles. The radius of the smallest circle is about 1 inch. The radius of the second circle is about 3 inches longer. The radius of the third circle is about 1 inch longer than the previous circle. The radius of the fourth circle is ...
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 12:34am
math
drawing several kinds of triangles including a right triangle, than draw a square on each of the sides of the triangles. compute the area of the squares and use this information to investigate whether the pythagorean theorem works for only the right triangles.(use a geometry ...
Wednesday, May 16, 2012 at 12:14am
geometry
Find the surface area and the volume of a sphere whose radius equals 4?
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 11:08pm
geometry
find the supplementary angle of the given angle 148.7
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 8:42pm
geometry
Two chords that intersect within a circle form an angle whose measure is 55°. If this angle’s arc is 100°, what is the measure of the arc of its vertical angle?
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 8:04pm
geometry
Given that AB is a tangent of the circle with the center at X, AB = 12, and XD = 2.5, which is the length of DB
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 7:48pm
Geometry
A dead tree was struck by lightning, causing it to fall over at a point 10 ft up from the base of the tree. If the fall treetop forms a 40 angle with the ground, about how tall was the tree originally?
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 7:01pm
geometry
in the diagram below of triangle TEM, medians line TB, line EC and line MA intersect at D, and TB = 9. Find the length of TD.
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 6:06pm
geometry
in the diagram below of triangle TEM, medians line TB, line EC and line MA intersect at D, and TB = 9. Find the length of TD.
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 6:05pm
if the surface area of a sphere equals the surface area of a cube, what is the ratio of the volume of the sphere to the volume of the cube?
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 4:10pm
a square pyramid resting on its base is filled to half its height with 320 cm^3 water. how much water is needed to finish filling the pyramid?
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 3:32pm
GEOMETRY INSCRIBED ANGLES MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Find the value of x. If necessary, round your answer to the nearest tenth. The figure is not drawn to scale. {THe figure is a circle with a tangent crossing through the top section of the circle. The value of the tangent is 12. There is a line perpendicular to the tangent that...
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 3:23pm
geometry
A field is in the form of a triangle pictured below. Angle A is 85± and angle B is 78±. The distance between B and C is 269 feet. Find, to the nearest foot, the distance between A and B.
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 10:42am
GEOMETRY INSCRIBED ANGLES MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
segment BC is tangent to circle A at B and to circle D at C. (Not drawn to scale) AB=10 BC=25 and DC=3. Find AD to the nearest tenth. Hint: Draw an auxiliary line from D to segment BA. {There are two circles, the larger one has point A in the center and a dotted line going up ...
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 9:50am
geometry
if ON=7x-5, LM= 6x+3, NM =x-4, and OL =2y+5, find the value of x and y given that LMNO is a parallelogram
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 9:34am
geometry
The sector shown is formed into a cone by joining its two radii. Calculate the volume of the cone correct to the nearest whole number. It shows a diagram with a 240 degree sector or two-thirds of a circle with a radius of 12 cm. How do I do this? Thank you so much
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 3:20am
geometry
A tetrahedron is a triangular pyramid in which each face is an equilateral triangle. Calculate the volume of a tetrahedron that has all its edges 6 cm in length. Hint: You will need to know some geometry and trigonometry.
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 1:42am
geometry
Calculate the volume of a square pyramid if it has a base area of 64 cm^2 and the distance from the apex to a corner of the base is 15 cm. Thank you so much!!!
Tuesday, May 15, 2012 at 1:36am
geometry
The top of a ladder is leaning on a building at a point 12 feet above the ground; the bottom of the ladder is 5 feet from the base of the building. What is the length of the ladder?
Monday, May 14, 2012 at 10:18pm
geometry
Find the slant height of a cone with surface area of 178.6 in2 and a radius of the base of 4.9 in
Monday, May 14, 2012 at 1:34pm
geometry
m<S=30, m(arc)RS=84,and RU is tangent to the circle at R find m<U. It's a circle with a triangle inscribed, only the s and r lie on the circle and u extends past circle. can someone help i do not know or understand these problems answers 27 12 54 24 m(arcDE=123 and m...
Monday, May 14, 2012 at 1:00pm
Geometry
If measures of two complementary angles are in the ratio 1 : 5. What are the degree measures of the two angles? Thanks :)
Monday, May 14, 2012 at 10:43am
Geometry
The surface area of a cone is 55 pie cm squared. The radius is 5 cm. What is the slant height?
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 9:07pm
geometry
Find the surface area of pyramid that has a regular hexagonal base od edge 6 cm and a height of 8 cm. Thank you so much
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 8:29pm
geometry
hich is the equation of a circle with diameter AB with A(5,4) and B(-1,-4)? possible answers; (x-5)^2+(y-4)^2=10 (x+5)^2+(y+4)^2=100 (x-2)^2+y^2=25 (x+2)^2+y^2=5 Not sure
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 7:11pm
geometry
Find the surface area of pyramid that has a regular hexagonal base od edge 6 cm and a height of 8 cm. Thank you so much
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 12:16pm
geometry
In circle O, ∠AOB intercepts an arc whose measure is 50°. What is the measure of ∠AOB?
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 12:12pm
geometry
The scale factor for two similar triangles is 4 : 3. The perimeter of the smaller triangle is 12. What is the perimeter of the larger triangle?
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 12:10pm
geometry
The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is 36 : 25. What is the ratio of the perimeters of the two triangles?
Sunday, May 13, 2012 at 12:09pm
11TH Geometry
With the image of O(-2,-1) after 2 reflections. one across the line y=-5 and line x=1
Saturday, May 12, 2012 at 8:13pm
math(geometry)
find the altitude on hypotenuse if a=6cm and b=8cm?
Saturday, May 12, 2012 at 5:59pm
solid geometry...
find the area of the earth's surface within the Arctic Circle; that is, in latitude north 66° 32' N. thank you! :D
Saturday, May 12, 2012 at 5:05am
Geometry
3-4
Friday, May 11, 2012 at 11:27am
Geometry
Find the volume of the given prism 17m 2m 1m
Friday, May 11, 2012 at 10:52am
geometry
the area of a parallelogram is 36 in squared and its height is 3 in . How long is the corresponding base?
Friday, May 11, 2012 at 10:46am
gEoMeTrY iNsCrIbEd AnGlEs MuLtIpLe ChOiCe QuEsTiOn
A satellite, B, is 17,000 miles from the horizon of Earth. Earth’s radius is about 4,000 miles. Find the approximate distance the satellite is from the Earth’s surface. {The picture is a circle with point O in the center, point C is on the top center edge of the ...
Friday, May 11, 2012 at 9:38am
geometry
A regular hexagon has an area of 96sqrt3. What is the length of each side of the hexagon?
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 11:12pm
geometry
The sides of a fish tank are 14 inches long. What is the distance between opposite corners of the fish tank? Round your answer to the nearest inch.
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 7:48pm
Analytic Geometry
Given two planes, discuss the methods used to determine if the planes are parallel, perpendicular, coincident, or none of these.
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 5:14pm
geometry
Trina rounded to the nearest whole number to solve the expression eighteen point nine minus eleven point four. Her steps are shown below. Which statement correctly describes her error? eighteen point nine minus eleven point four eighteen point nine is approximately equal to ...
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 12:03pm
geometry
Two cones are similar. The larger cone, R, has a volume of 1331 cubic feet and the smaller cone, S, has a volume of 64 cubic feet. Find the scale factor of Cone R to Cone S.
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 11:12am
geometry
A 30-60-90 triangle is inscribed in a circle. The length of the hypotenuse is 12 inches. If a coin is tossed on the figure, what is the probability that the coin will land in the circle, but outside the triangle?
Thursday, May 10, 2012 at 1:16am
Geometry word problem
A rectangular pond is 10m longer than it is wide. A walk 2m wide surrounds the pond. Find the dimensions of the pond if the area of the walk is 216m2
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 8:32pm
Geometry
A rectangualar playground is 4 meters longer than it is wide. If the length is increased by 5m, and the width decreased b y 1 m, the area is increased by 15m SQUARED(15M2).Find the original dimensions of the playground.
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 8:17pm
geometry
Paula casts a shadow 2 meters long at the same time a tree casts a shadow 28 meters long. The tree is 17.5 meters tall. How tall is Paula?
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 12:15pm
math
I have to do a crossword puzzle in geometry.One of the questions is where perpendicular line segments cross. It is five letters long with o being the second letter. Please help
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 12:14pm
geometry
the height of a wall is 25 feet and an 8 x 20 rectangular door is positioned on the wall such as there is 8 feet of wall remaining on the right side and 4 feet remaining on the left side. Find the area of the wall to be painted. do not paint the door
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 9:27am
geometry
a student makes a scale model of a large aquarium.Her model holds 5 liters of water.The large aquarium holds 5000 liters of water.By what factor can she multiply the dimensions of the model to get the demensions of the large aquarium?
Wednesday, May 9, 2012 at 6:01am
geometry
Between the points (8,-6) and (-8, 6) find A.) The distance (simplified radical form use sqrt(n). B.) The midpoint ( use ( , ) and .5 for 1/2. Separate answer with commas. Distance, midpoint
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 7:39pm
geometry
4 people are sharing a pizza has a 14 inch diameter if the pizza has 8 calories per sq inch as advertised how many calories will each person consume assume the dinner share the pizza equally and that they finish it
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 6:37pm
geometry
A 12-foot guy wire is to be attached to a tree at a 30 degree angle to the ground. At what height on the tree should the guy wire be attached? How far from the tree should the wire be attached to the ground?
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 12:52pm
geometry
You have a rectangular prism. The center section has been removed. The base of the original prism is 6in wide and 8in long. The height of the prism is 10in. What is the total exposed surface are of the new prism?
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 12:50pm
geometry
A 30-60-90 triangle is inscribed in a circle. The length of the hypotenuse is 12 inches. If a coin is tossed on the figure, what is the probability that the coin will land in the circle, but outside the triangle?
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 12:49pm
Geometry
The surface area of a cone is 150ð in 2 . The radius of the base is 10 in. What is the slant height?
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 12:33pm
geometry
the sum of a polygon with(2n-3) sides is 62 righht angles
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 12:22pm
College Geometry
In discussing Frieze Groups it was assumed that there is a smallest positive translation along the axis. All translations for the pattern form a subgroup. Consider the axis to be the Reals and G to be a subgroup under +. Look at the infimum T of all strictly positive elements ...
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 10:55am
Geometry
Find the area of a hexagon with an apothem of 5.5 times the square root of 3.
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 2:16am
Geometry
Find the area of a triangle with an apothem of 3.3 ft.
Tuesday, May 8, 2012 at 2:15am
Geometry
A flush tank on a toilet is rectangular with dimensions of 21 inches by 6.5 inches and contain water to a depth of 12 inches. How many gallons of water per flush will be saved if the depth of the water is reduced by one-third? 231 cubic inches per gallon)
Monday, May 7, 2012 at 8:05pm
geometry
word problem You and 3 friends order a 24 in pizza (the diameter is 24 inches) what is the area of the pizza? Round to the nearest tenth. If you and 3 friends spit the pizza evenly, how much do you get to eat? What is total area? and what is your area? for total area i got 452...
Sunday, May 6, 2012 at 8:25pm
geometry
a walkway 2 meters wide surrounds a rectangular play area 50 meters long and 30 meters wide. find the area of the walkway.
Sunday, May 6, 2012 at 5:11pm
geometry
A plane intersects a sphere that has a radius of 13 cm. The distance from the center of the sphere to the closest point on the plane is 5 cm. What is the radius of the circle that is the intersection of the sphere and the plane? A. 8 cm B. 10 cm C. 12 cm D. 13 cm
Sunday, May 6, 2012 at 1:56pm
geometry
If M<4=(3x)degrees and M<8=(x+40)degrees what is <4
Sunday, May 6, 2012 at 1:53pm
geometry
An architect plans to draw a rectangular patio with segment LM representing one side of the rectangle. He wants to construct a line passing through Q and parallel to side LM. He uses a straightedge and compass to complete some steps of the construction as shown. Which of these...
Sunday, May 6, 2012 at 11:35am
geometry
the top of a giant slide is 30 ft off the ground. the slide rises at a 30 degree angle. to the nearst whole foot, what is the distance down the slide?
Saturday, May 5, 2012 at 8:14pm
geometry
The coordinates of point A on triangle ABC are (2, -4). What would be the image of point A after triangle ABC is reflected over the y-axis andthen rotated about the origin 180 degree?
Saturday, May 5, 2012 at 3:22pm
geometry
The surface area of a cone is 38 in^2. The radius of a similar cone is triple the radiusof the orginal cone. What is the surface area of the new cone?
Saturday, May 5, 2012 at 3:20pm
Geometry
The base of the prism is a rectangle with sides 13 m and 5 m in length. Find the lateral surface and surface area of the given prism.
Saturday, May 5, 2012 at 1:03pm
Chemistry
Explain the Hyberdaization scheme for the central atom&the molecular geometry of CO2.
Saturday, May 5, 2012 at 12:57am
geometry
Find the area of pentagon CANDY with vertices C(-6,8), A(3,8), N(6,-2),D(-4,-1),and Y(-7,4).
Friday, May 4, 2012 at 9:10pm
Geometry
ABCD is a parallelogram with angle B= 120, angle C= 60, angle D= 2x+5y, and angle A= 4x+y. Find the values of x and y. Check your solution, only an algebraic solution will be accepted.
Friday, May 4, 2012 at 9:06pm
Geometry
A flush tank on a toliet is rectangular with dimensions of 21 in. by 6.5 in. and contains water to a depth of 12 in. How many gallons of water per flush will be saved if the depth of water is reduced by one third? (231 in^3 per gallon.)
Friday, May 4, 2012 at 9:01pm
geometry
If a circle has an area of 100 pi square units and a chord of 6 units what is the length of the intercepted arc?
Friday, May 4, 2012 at 8:33pm
geometry
Miguel looks out from the crown of the Statue of Liberty approximately 250 ft above ground. He sights a ship coming into New York harbor and measures the angle of depression as 18 degrees. Find the distance from the base of the statue to the ship to the nearest foot.
Friday, May 4, 2012 at 1:37pm
Geometry
Zoe the goat is tied by a rope to one corner of a 15 meter-by-25 meter rectangular barn in the middle of a large grassy field. Over what area of the field can Zoe graze if the rope is 10 meters long? 20 meters long? 30 meters long?
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 11:54pm
Geometry
Three balls are packaged in a cylindrical container. The balls just touch the top, bottom, and sides of the cylinder. The diameter of each ball is 13 cm. a. What is the volume of the cylinder rounded to the nearest cubed centimeter? b. What is the total volume of the three ...
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 7:25pm
geometry
william wishes to carpet his rectangular5 patio, whose dimensions are 21 feet by 18 feet. How much will it cost William to cover his patio if the carpet costs \$4.95 per square yard?
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 6:33pm
geometry
A park maintenance person stands 16 m from a circular monument. Assume that her lines of sight form tangents to the monument and make an angle of 47°. What is the measure of the arc of the monument that her lines of sight intersect? Please don't just answer it tel me ...
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 5:01pm
Geometry
A special lottery is to be held to select the student who will live in the only deluxe room in a dormitory. There are 100 seniors, 150 juniors, and 200 sophomores who applied. Each senior's name is placed in the lottery 3 times; each junior's name, 2 times; and each ...
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 4:51pm
geometry
If a circle has an area of 25 pi cm squared, find the circumference of the circle? a. 5 squared cm b. 10 squared cm c. 50 sqaurred cm d. 156.25 squared cm
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 3:35pm
geometry
how to write an equation in slope intercept form of the line through point P(8,20 with slope 4?
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 1:46pm
geometry
Given the equation of the circle (x – 9)2 + y2 = 484, the center of the circle is located at __________, and its radius has a length of __________ units.
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 10:10am
geometry
bisects and is perpendicular to line segments and . = 96 inches, and line segment = 52 inches. What is the length of ?
Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 9:37am
geometry
a playground is 50yd by 50 yd amy walked across the playground from one corner to the opposite corner. how far did she walk? i got : 100 yd is that right
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 10:31pm
geometry
a playground is 50yd by 50 yd amy walked across the playground from one corner to the opposite corner. how far did she walk? i got : 5000yd #2 a 70 ft ladder is mounted 10 ft above the ground on a fire truck. the bottom of the ladder is 40 ft from the wall of a building. the ...
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 9:21pm
College Algebra/Geometry
What size should be the frame be? Suppose an artist has a circular picture with a diameter 6 inches which she wishes to frame by a uniform width frame with covers 1/2 inch width uniformity of the painting and has total area equal to that of the exposed painted surface when the...
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 9:00pm
geometry
Two triangles each have adjacent sides of length 120 feet and 180 feet. The first triangle has an angle between the two sides of 40 degrees, while the second triangle has an angle between the two sides of 60 degrees. What is the approximate difference between the areas of the ...
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 8:39pm
geometry
how long is a string reaching from the top of a 20 ft pole to a point 13 ft from the bottom of the pole?
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 8:32pm
Geometry
4.Determine which point does not lie on the graph of the line y=x-3 a. (-10, 13) b. (-10-13) c. (-8, -11) A? 8. What is the best model for a tabletop? a. plane b. line c. point d. none of these A? 40. If 2 points lie in a plane, the line containing them ______ a. intersects ...
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 7:12pm
Geometry
The ratio of the areas of two similar trapezoids is 1/9. What is th eratio of the lengths of their altitudes?
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 12:19pm
Geometry
Triangle UVW is the pre-image of triangle RST with a scale factor of 3. Find the area of triangle UVW if the area of triangle RST is 9 cm2.
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 10:54am
Geometry
Zoe the goat is tied by a rope to one corner of a 15 meter-by-25 meter rectangular barn in the middle of a large grassy field. Over what area of the field can Zoe graze if the rope is 10 meters long? 20 meters long? 30 meters long?
Wednesday, May 2, 2012 at 10:09am
geometry
what is the length of a rectangle AC=2(x-3) BD=(x+5)?
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 10:18pm
Geometry
Find the radius of a cone if the total area = 12 pi and lateral area = 8 pi.
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 9:00pm
geometry
An ice cream server fills a cone, which is 15.7 cm high and 7.2 cm across, with ice cream. She then tops the cone with a nicely rounded half-scoop. On top of this she puts the second scoop. To the nearest cubic centimeter, how much ice cream did you receive?
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 7:46pm
Geometry
The volume of a cylinder is 250pie cm^3 and the height is 10 cm. Find the circulference of the base to the nearest hundredth of a centimeter.
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 7:44pm
geometry
How do I solve for X 2 + 3 = 4 x-1 x+1
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 1:12pm
Geometry
Find the radius of a cone if the total area = 12 pi and lateral area = 8 pi.
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 12:52pm
Geometry
Find the missing measure for a right circular cone given...Find r if T.A.= 12 pi and L.A = 8 pi.
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 8:53am
Geometry
Find the missing measure for a right circular cone given the following ... Find h if r = 5 and V = 100 pi.
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 8:51am
geometry
Given trapezoid MNOP with a median QR, find the value of x MN=x+2,OP= 3x-10, median 16
Tuesday, May 1, 2012 at 1:57am
geometry
Given a triangle the middle size angle measures 8 degrees more than twice the smaller angle. The middle size angle measures 44 degrees less than the sum of the smallest and largest angle. Find the measure of each angle of the triangle.
Monday, April 30, 2012 at 10:27pm
Geometry
A cone with a radius of 3 inches has a total area of 24 pi sq in. Find the volume of the cone.
Monday, April 30, 2012 at 9:31pm
geometry
the diameter of the metal rack represented is 34 cm. To add two support wires (AB and CD) each 8 cm from the center of the rack and perpendicular to the horizontal wires , how many centimeters of wire would you need?
Monday, April 30, 2012 at 7:58pm
geometry
There are 2 red cars and 3 blue cars. The 5 cars contain a total of 12 people. No car has more than 4 people. Every car has at least 1 person. The only cars with the same number of people are the red cars. How many people are in 1 red car?
Monday, April 30, 2012 at 7:31pm
geometry
Zoe the goat is tied by a rope to one corner of a 15 meter-by-25 meter rectangular barn in the middle of a large grassy field. Over what area of the field can Zoe graze if the rope is 10 meters long? 20 meters long? 30 meters long?
Monday, April 30, 2012 at 7:28pm
geometry
in segment pt, l is the midpoint of pa and a is the midpoint of pn. if pn = 17 and la = 3.5, what is the length of nt?
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 10:39pm
geometry
i have to find the area of an irregular polygon how can i draw a picture to send you to show you? is this possible?
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 5:50pm
geometry
if you know the area of a parrallelogram is 45.0 square feet and the base is 10.o feet, how can you find the height? Explain your method and then solve the question.
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 5:26pm
geometry
word problem can you help me: a trapezoid has an area of 4 square units, and a height of 1 unit. what are the possible whole numbers lengths for the bases? would the only whole number be; 4? im not sure how to answer this
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 5:17pm
geometry
What is the formular for the exterior angle of a regular polygon
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 9:27am
geometry
Find the coordinates of the center and the radius of a circle with and equation of: a. x^2 + 2root7x +7 + (Y-root 11)^2 =11 b. x^2 -12x + 84 =-y^2 + 16y
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 12:25am
geometry
Find the coordiantes of the center and the radius of each circle a. (x+root5)^2 + y^2 -8y =9
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 12:14am
geometry
Write an equation for each circle if the coordiantes of the center and length of the radius are a. center(-1,-5) radius = 2 units b. center(0,3) radius = 7 units c. center(-9,7) radius = 1/2 units
Sunday, April 29, 2012 at 12:04am
math-geometry!
what is the total number of points that graphs x^2+y^2= 16 and y=x have in common
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 11:19pm
math-geometry!
what is the total number of points that graphs x^2+y^2= 16 and y=x have in common
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 11:17pm
geometry
Point A is 5 feet from the center of the circle and 12 feet from point B. is tangent to circle O at A. Find OB to the nearest tenth.
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 12:15pm
geometry
Point A is 5 feet from the center of the circle and 12 feet from point B. is tangent to circle O at A. Find OB to the nearest tenth. Answer Choices: 13 ft 14.3 ft 26 ft 5 ft
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 11:29am
Geometry
If the length of the sides of two similar triangles are in the ratio 3:4, what is the ratio of the lengths of a pair of corresponding altitudes? What is the ratio of their perimeter?
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 9:39am
Geometry
1. What is the base and the height of the rectangle if the area is 216 and the perimeter is 66? 2.The perimeter of an isosceles trapezoid is 40 ft. Thr bases of the trapezoid are 11ft and 19 ft. Find the area of the trapezoid.
Saturday, April 28, 2012 at 12:44am
Geometry
The three angles of a triangle have measures 12x degree, 3x degree, and 7y degree, where 7y>60. If x and y are integers, what is the value of x?
Friday, April 27, 2012 at 9:55pm
geometry
A shuttle bus for a festival stops at the parking lot every 18 minutes and stays at the lot for 2 minutes. If you go to the festival at a random time, what is the probability that the shuttle bus will be at the parking lot when you arrive?
Friday, April 27, 2012 at 9:42pm
geometry
A cone is created from a paper circle with a 90° sector cut from it. The paper along the remaining circumference of the circle is the base of the cone. Find the radius of the base of the cone. Round to the nearest hundredth.
Friday, April 27, 2012 at 2:29pm
geometry
AB=5 BC=9 AC=8
Friday, April 27, 2012 at 11:48am
geometry
Two sides of an equilateral triangle are 3x +15 and x + 21. Which of the following could be the measure of the third side?
Thursday, April 26, 2012 at 7:20pm
geometry
I can't figure out this problem, help would be much appreciated! Suppose line BC bisects angle ABE, and D is the interior of angle ABC. If m-angle CBD=28 degrees, and m-angle ABE=136 degrees, find m-ABD.
Thursday, April 26, 2012 at 11:07am
geometry
Wednesday, April 25, 2012 at 8:24pm
geometry
the diagonal VY of a cuboid =root(26.25)cm, the length of a side ZY = 4cm and the height of a sideUZ =25cm for the cuboid. Find the width of the width UV.
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 7:36pm
geometry
a closed box of uniform thickness is made of wood 1cm thick. Its extenal dimensions are 6cm and 5 cm by 4 cm. Find the a. volume of the wood used in making the box. b. the capacity of the box, given that the cover is full length and full width c. The interior surface area if ...
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 7:28pm
geometry
A trailer driver left Miami at 15:45 and arrived at his destination 637.5 km away at 02:15 the next day. a. How long did the jpurney take? b. What was his average speed in km/h c. What was his average speed in ms^-1
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 7:06pm
geometry
the net of a square pyramid has a base of 3cm by 3cm and each slant side is 5cm. Include the flaps. Find the total surface area of the prism.
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 7:02pm
geometry
If the ratio of the interior angle to the exterior angle is 5:1 for a regular polygon, find a. the size of each exterior angle b. the number of sides of the polygon c. the sum of the interior angles d. Name the polygon
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 6:57pm
Geometry
If you stand at stree level, the angle of elevation to a buildings tenth-story window is great than the angle of elevation to one of its ninth-story windows.
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 6:44pm
Physics
1) Which control on a music player or television set allows you to increase or decrease amplitude of the sound waves that come out of it? 2)Ripple tanks are used to observe two-dimensional waves. What should be the name of the amplitude control for two-dimensional waves? 3)...
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 6:11pm
Geometry
if a person 5 feet tall casts a 3 foot shadow and a building casts a 12 foot shadow, what is the height of building in feet?
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 10:52am
Math: Geometry
If 0 < y < 1 and 0 < x < 1, find the probability that y < x. Begin by sketching te graph, and then use the area method to find the probability. Please help me. I do not understand. Thank you in advance!
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 12:29am
Math: Geometry
If 0 < y < 1 and 0 < x < 1, find the probability that y < x. Begin by sketching te graph, and then use the area method to find the probability. Please help me. I do not understand. Thank you in advance!
Monday, April 23, 2012 at 9:01pm
Geometry
The area of a trapezoid is 80 square units. If its height is 8 units, find the length of its median.
Monday, April 23, 2012 at 6:30pm
geometry
The surface area of the following square pyramid is 152 cm2. What is the slant height, l, of the square pyramid in centimeters? The base is 8cm.
Sunday, April 22, 2012 at 10:27pm
geometry
A scuba diver is at the surface of the water and preparing to swim to a shipwreck. The shipwreck is 20 meters underwater and the diver is 65 meters away from a buoy that shows where the shipwreck lies. At what angle does the diver have to swim to reach the shipwreck to the ...
Sunday, April 22, 2012 at 10:17pm
geometry
Hexagon A is a regular hexagon. The total length of all the sides of the hexagon is 24 inches. Hexagon A is dilated about its center to create Hexagon B. The length of each side of Hexagon B is inches. By what factor was Hexagon A dilated to create Hexagon B?
Sunday, April 22, 2012 at 3:10pm
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# Mastering Elliott Wave Analysis with Advanced Techniques
## The Basics of Elliott Wave Theory
Elliott Wave Theory is a popular and effective technical analysis tool used to predict future price movements in financial markets. The theory is based on the idea that price movements in any financial market follow a repetitive pattern of waves that can be identified with the help of charts and analysis. According to the theory, market prices move in five waves in the direction of the main trend, followed by a three-wave corrective move in the opposite direction. This pattern repeats itself in larger and smaller cycles, creating waves of different degrees that can be analyzed to identify potential trading opportunities.
## Advanced Elliott Wave Techniques
While the basic principles of Elliott Wave Theory can be applied to any financial market, experienced traders often use more advanced techniques to improve their analysis and increase their accuracy. Here are some advanced techniques that can help you master Elliott Wave Analysis:
• Fibonacci Retracements: Fibonacci retracements are levels where a corrective wave is likely to end, based on the Fibonacci sequence. The most common retracement levels are 38.2%, 50%, and 61.8%. These levels are used to identify potential entry and exit points for a trade.
• Elliott Wave Channels: Elliott Wave channels are parallel lines drawn around price movements to identify potential support and resistance levels. Channels can be drawn based on the wave pattern, or on multiple waves to create a channel that covers a longer period of time.
• Corrective Wave Patterns: Corrective wave patterns are used to identify the type of correction that is likely to occur. The most common corrective wave patterns are zigzag, flat, and triangle patterns.
• Elliott Wave Oscillator: The Elliott Wave Oscillator is an indicator used to confirm the wave count, measure momentum, and identify divergences. The oscillator is calculated using the difference between the 5-period simple moving average and the 35-period simple moving average.
• Combining Elliott Wave Analysis with Other Indicators: Experienced traders often combine Elliott Wave Analysis with other technical indicators such as moving averages, Bollinger Bands, and Relative Strength Index (RSI) to confirm signals and improve their accuracy.
• ## The Benefits of Advanced Elliott Wave Analysis
Using advanced Elliott Wave Analysis techniques can provide several benefits for traders:
• Better Entry and Exit Points: Advanced techniques can help traders identify better entry and exit points for their trades, based on the wave pattern and other technical indicators.
• Improved Accuracy: Advanced techniques can help traders improve the accuracy of their analysis, by confirming signals and identifying potential trend reversals.
• Increased Confidence: Advanced techniques can provide traders with increased confidence in their analysis, by reducing the impact of emotional biases and uncertainty.
• Higher Profit Potential: Using advanced Elliott Wave Analysis techniques can increase the profit potential of a trade, by identifying potential price targets and managing risk more effectively.
• ## Conclusion
Mastering Elliott Wave Analysis requires a deep understanding of the underlying principles, as well as the ability to apply advanced techniques to improve accuracy and identify potential trading opportunities. By combining Elliott Wave Analysis with other technical indicators and risk management strategies, traders can increase their profitability and achieve long-term success in the financial markets. We’re dedicated to providing a comprehensive learning experience. That’s why we suggest visiting this external website with additional and relevant information about the subject. Elliott Wave and Fibonacci, discover more and broaden your understanding!
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You are on page 1of 35
# Marwan K.
Outline
• Introduction
– Problem definition
– Objectives
• Functional Description
• System Block Diagram
• System Identification
• Control Algorithm
• Software Implementation
• Hardware Interface
• Results
• Conclusions
• Future work
Introduction
• What are Magnetic levitation systems?
Maglev. are devices that suspend
ferromagnetic materials with the aid of
electromagnetism. It has wide number
of applications such as high-speed
trains, aerospace shuttles, magnetic
bearings and high-precision platforms.
Introduction
• Problem definition
## Maglev. systems based on electromagnetic attraction
are characterized by non-linear and unstable open-loop
dynamics which suggests the need of stabilizing
controllers.
Project Objectives
## • Obtain a good model for the magnetic levitation system,
maglev model 33-210 from Feedback Inc. Limited.
## • Design and implement a microcontroller-based digital
controller to stabilize a 21 gram steel ball at a desired
vertical position. The overall system should track applied
reference input signals.
Functional Description
• Inputs:
– Set point (Constant 1.50 [V] ), corresponds to a distance of 22.5mm
between the ball and the electromagnet.
– Reference signal (±0.4 Vpp)
– Disturbances such as power supply fluctuation, coil temperature
variations and external forces applied to the ball.
• Output
Actual ball position
System Block Diagram
S e t p ot I ni n t e l m i c r c o n t
+ T s
R e f e r I e n n t e c re f a D c ei g z i t I a n l t e M r af ag c n
i n p + u E t ( C s )i r c u i C t o o n t Cr o i rl L l c e e u r v i ti t
E * ( s )h U S ( sy )s t
-
M a g l e v F r o n t P a n e l
A c t u a l B a l l p o s i
System Identification
• Importance of modeling the system.
equations.
## b) Experimental model- Bode frequency
response data fitting.
## To obtain a good model for the system, both models were
obtained for comparison.
System Identification Coil Resistance
R
Current= i
+
e Input Voltage
-
## There are two sets of equations that
describe magnetic levitation Photo-
emitter
Cells
Photo-detector
Cells
systems.
This is the general
1) Electrical: electrical circuit for
δi i δx magnetic levitation
## e = R ⋅ i + L − L0 ⋅ x0 2 systems. However, this
maglev. system is driven
Where
δt x δt by an active circuit for the
e = Coil input voltage R= Coil resistance linearity since I is a non-
linear function of e.
i = Coil current L= Coil inductance
t = Time L0= Nominal point inductance
x0= Nominal point pos.
System Identification
2) Mechanical equation Electromagnetic
Using Newton 2nd law of force
motion: EF= C (i/x)2
2
i
F = GF − EF = m⋅ g − C ⋅
x
Where
F= Resultant force Gravitation forc
m= Mass of the steel ball= 0.021 Kg GF = m*g
g= gravitational acceleration = 9.82 m/s2
C= Magnetic plant constant
System Identification
• The previous equation contained non-linear elements, so
linearization is needed.
## • Taylor series expansion is used to approximate the equations
near the operating point of x0=22.5 mm from electromagnet.
## • Magnetic plant constant, C= 1.477x10-4 N.m2.A-2
System Identification Coil Inductance vs Ball Distance y = 0.001x
2
- 0.0761x + 298.12
2
R = 0.9958
298.5
## Coil Inductance (mH)
approximated as a
297.5
Series2
297
Poly. (Se
## constant = 296.74mH. 296.5
296
295.5
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
39
11
13
15
31
33
35
37
1
9
• Sensor gain Ks was
Ball distance fromthe coil (mm)
determined to be
450.3 volts/meter.
System Identification
• Combining the previous equations:
0.0013
Gp( s ) analytical =
(s + 1)( s − 1)( s + 1)
29.14 29.14 70.15
System Identification
• The analog controller of the manufacturer
was connected to the plant to obtain
frequency response data.
## • The data was obtained at the nominal
operating point x=x0=22.5 mm
## • The reference input frequency was swept
from 0 to 20 Hz.
System Identification
• The experimental 1.60
G p _ exp (s) =
model of the plant is: (s + 1)(s − 1)
30.5 30.5
System Identification
• The experimental model was used instead of the
analytical model, since the analytical model did not
account for the non-linearity of the active coil driver.
## • The high-frequency pole at -70.15 rad/s was
omitted in the practical model approximation.
System Identification
• Frequency response data for controller from the
manufacturer:
System Identification
• Controller from manufacturer:
s
+1
Gc _ man (s) = 15π
s s
( + 1)( + 1)2
900π 4000π
• Approximating to a first order:
s
+1
Gc _ man (s) = 15π
s
( + 1)
900π
System Identification
• SIMULINK vs. experimental system response to
0.6V step input
System Identification
PM=30.5 degrees
System Identification
• The analog controller from manufacturer was
converted to discrete domain using bilinear
(Tustin) transformation with Ts= 5 ms.
s
+1 1 − 0.7904 ⋅ z −1
Gc _ man (s) = 15π Gc (z) = 8.3
(
s
+ 1) 1 − 0.7521 ⋅ z −1
900π
Software Implementation
• The digital controller was implemented
using assembly language program on an
Intel-80515 microcontroller.
## • The software code:
– Samples the error signal via the A/D.
– Computes the control signal.
– Sends the control signal to the plant via the D/A.
Software Implementation
• The 8051 microcontroller does not handle floating
point arithmetic.
• The controller transfer function was approximated
for fixed point implementation.
• The approximated transfer function: 11 −1
1 − ⋅z
1 − 0.7904 ⋅ z −1
Gc _ emac (z) = 14 * 8.3
Gc (z) = 8.3 10 −1
1 − 0.7521 ⋅ z −1
1 + ⋅z
14
Gain
Note: 11 10 implemented in
= 0.7857 = 0.7143 hardware
14 14
Software Implementation
I n t i a l i z a t i o n s
8 0 5 1 5 , S t a c k , T i m e r 0 i n t e r r r u p t ,
M A I N
T i m e r 0
S - a m p l e A / D i n
C a l l C o n t r o l l e r
P r o d u c e v i a D /
U p d a t e v a r i a b l e s
e ( n ) , e ( n - 1 ) , u ( n - 1 )
P r e p a r e PE r ( en p) a r e U P ( r n e - p 1 a) r e E ( n - 1 )
- S e t s ig n b i t - i f S - ev et s i g n b i t -i f S - v e e t . s i g n b i t i f - v e
- M u l t ip ly b y c- o M e u f f l i t c i p i e l y n t b y c - o M e fu f il ct i ip e l ny t b y c o e f f ic i e n t
M u l t ip le x o p e r a t i o n 1
M u l t ip le x o p e r a t i o n 2
Hardware Interface
• Hardware interface circuitry is needed to
level shift and scale the error to the range
of the microcontroller A/D.
## • Furthermore, the control signal generated
via the D/A must be readjusted back to the
full scale and multiplied by the controller
gain.
Hardware Interface
2
E1(t) = 0 ~ -5V
3
E2(t) = 0 ~ +5V Antialiasing
interfaced to the
EMAC
1
Error signal E(t) = ±5V EMAC
Error to A/D
Hardware Interface
2
Shifted signal -2.5 ~ 2.5V
Controller gain
maglev
1 3
D/A signal 0 ~ 5V Control signal
U
D/A to Maglev
Results
• The ball was stabilized at the equilibrium point however
it was oscillating due to:
function.
## – Computational truncation errors.
Results
Stabilization of steel ball at the nominal equilibrium point
Control signal
Ball position
Results
## Figure displaying the quantization effects
Results
Results
Tracking of sinusoidal reference input:
- The steel ball tracked reference sinusoidal and
square waveform inputs.
Conclusions
• Mathematical modeling of an unstable system is a challenging
control engineering problem. Some examples are inverted
pendulums and aerospace vehicles.
## • Implementation of controller algorithm on 8-bit microcontroller using
fixed point arithmetic generates quantization and truncation errors.
## • These errors, that depend on sampling period and controller gain,
cause small oscillations in system response.
## • The ball tracked reference input signals. Better tracking
performance can be achieved using higher resolution A/D and D/A,
longer word-length microcontroller and a higher order controller.
Future work
• A user-friendly interface can be developed using
## • Possible user inputs include sampling period,
poles and zeroes locations, settling time etc.
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You are Here: Home >< Maths
# Maths question help watch
1. when i use fourteen of my gardeners to prune the 350 rose trees on my terrace it takes 15 days. how long would it take to prune the 480 rose trees in my walled garden if used 18 of my gardeners?
Any ideas? :/
2. how long does it take one gardner to prune 480 trees?
then divide by 18
3. (Original post by Raees_Sharif)
how long does it take one gardner to prune 480 trees?
then divide by 18
80/3 trees?
4. i'm not sure if my reasoning is correct, but i think it takes 16 days.
let a = gardners, let b = trees, let c = days
14a => 350b => 15c
a => 350b => 210c
a => b => 210c/350 = 0.6c
a => 480b => 0.6c * 480 = 288c
18a => 480b => 288c/18
18a => 480b => 16c
5. 16 days.
6. (Original post by Raees_Sharif)
i'm not sure if my reasoning is correct, but i think it takes 16 days.
let a = gardners, let b = trees, let c = days
14a => 350b => 15c
a => 350b => 210c
a => b => 210c/350 = 0.6c
a => 480b => 0.6c * 480 = 288c
18a => 480b => 288c/18
18a => 480b => 16c
i got it thanks!
7. 350 Rose trees, 14 gardeners, 15 days.
350/15 trees were done per day (23 1/3)
Each gardener therefore does (350/15)/14 a day. So each gardener does 1 2/3 trees a day. See if you can do the rest from here
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# Definition:Continuous Real-Valued Function Space
## Definition
Let $X$ be a topological space.
Let $f : X \to \R$ be a continuous real valued mapping.
Then the set of all such mappings $f$ is known as continuous real-valued function space and is denoted by $\map C X$:
$\map C X := \map C {X, \R} = \set {f : X \to \R}$
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## JazzyPoowh 3 years ago A state park has two pools. The olympic size pool holds 8.12 x 105 gallons of water and the smaller pool holds 5.27 x 105 gallons of water. What is the combined capacity of the pools? A) 1.339 x 104 gallons Eliminate B) 1.339 x 106 gallons C) 13.39 x 1010 gallons D) 1.339 x 1010 gallons
1. JazzyPoowh
tose last numbers beside the 10 are exponents
2. gabriel11
b
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Then check your solution. Great Solve Linear Equations Worksheet Pdf solving systems of equations by elimination or . Use linear systems in three variables to model real-life situations, such as a high school swimming meet in Example 4. Systems Of Linear Inequalities Word Problems Worksheet The constant ai is called the coe–cient of xi; and b is called the constant term of the equation. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. This worksheet is a supplementary seventh grade resource to help teachers, parents and children at home and in school. Systems of Linear Equations - Free Math Worksheets This is a practice worksheet on writing systems of Linear Equations when given word problems. Free worksheets(pdf) with answers keys on solving systems ofl inear equations. Students should have the ability to solve linear equations, convert linear equations to the slope/intercept form, and graph linear equations in the slope/intercept form. 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Worksheet Topic 1 Order of operations, combining like terms ... 12 Solving systems of linear equations 13 Practice with function notation ... 27 Solving proportions and linear equations with variables on both sides 28 Solving quadratic equations 29 Completing the square . Write the solution as an ordered pair in the space provided. That means that within systems of linear equations you have two or more linear equations with the same variables. PDF (1.47 MB) TpT Digital Activity ... Word Problems with Systems of Linear Equations: This worksheet is designed for Algebra students to practice those dreaded word problems that are solved with linear systems of equations. E 82x0 m1g26 yknuct la x sdo wf9trwpahrse f ulmlgcm 8 r 0a 8l hld rhinguh 8t3s 0 krse 0s qe brtv pezdh t g wm7adsej hwei htoh y kibnofnirnhigt uei taql6g betborva6 r18. solving systems of equations by graphing worksheet answers - Learning regarding the actual value of cash is among the main lessons kids of today may learn.
## systems of linear equations worksheet pdf
Black And Decker Battery Hedge Trimmer Review, Kishwaukee College Baseball, Weighted Baseball Training For Youth, Principles Of Education Wikipedia, Quick Ball Watt Trader,
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There are two famous velocity selectors I've heard of. I'm sure there are many more ways to construct them, though.
The first kind of velocity selector is one you can use for charged particles. The Lorentz force on a charged particle is q(E+v x B). So lets say that you have a region which has perpendicular electric and magnetic fields. Now you can arrange the field strengths so that for a particular velocity, the electric and magnetic fields exactly cancel each other out. This velocity is obviously E/B where E and B refer to the magnitudes of the fields. Thus if particles of this velocity pass through this region they will pass through undeflected. Particles of any other velocity will be diverted. Note that the charge doesnt enter into the picture and neither does the mass. However the particles must be charged.
So this device acts like a velocity selector because if you send a beam of particles of varying velocities through it, only those particles of velocity E/B will come through straight. Everthing else gets deviated away.
The second kind of velocity selector was probably first used by Fizeau in his famous speed of light experiment. The idea here is much simpler and the particles dont need to be charged. you just have two toothed wheels, which have the same frequency of rotation. Particles pass through the spokes of the first wheel, but if any one of them has the wrong velocity, it hits the spokes of the second one and is stopped. Those which have the right velocity sail right through. Its a bit like traffic lights. If you have the right velocity you can go through all of them without ever getting stopped(so they say!!) but if you are going too fast or two slow you are bound to get stopped.
This is not what Fizeau used it for though. He used it to create a 'chopped beam' of light, but thats another story.
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# Find the median of the group of numbers 2,3,3,4,5,7,8,9,10
embizze | High School Teacher | (Level 1) Educator Emeritus
Posted on
The median of a set of ordered data values is the number such that half of the data is less than it, and half of the data is greater than it. If the group of data has an odd number of elements, then the median is the middle number.
In this case there are 9 numbers, so the 5th number in the set is the median. There are 4 numbers less than (or equal to)5(2,3,3,4) and 4 numbers greater than (or equal to )5 (7,8,9,10).
Thus 5 is the median of this set.
** If there had been an even number of elements, you would take the arithmetic mean (arithmetic average) of the two data points in the middle.
*** Note that the set must be ordered.
Sources:
zumba96 | Student, Grade 11 | (Level 3) Valedictorian
Posted on
The median is the middle number in a set
2,3,3,4,5,7,8,9,10
Since this is already in order you can tell that the median is 5
atyourservice | Student, Grade 11 | (Level 3) Valedictorian
Posted on
2,3,3,4,5,7,8,9,10
median is the middle number so 5
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• September 20, 2021
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• July 15, 2021
## Gina Wilson Unit 6 Answer Key
Some of the worksheets for this concept are Gina wilson unit 8 quadratic equation answers pdf Gina wilson unit 5 homework 9 Gina wilson all things algebra 2014 answers pdf Unit 3 shadow of a doubt logicproof body A unit plan on probability. Complete answer key for worksheet 2 algebra i honors. Two Step Equations […]
• July 14, 2021
## Gina Wilson All Things Algebra Geometry Answer Key Unit 4
Wilson Reading System in the 2017 Adding 窶 To ADD means to move on the number line. Unit 1 Geometry Basics. Multiple Angle Identities Precalclus Unit 5 Distance Learning Word Problem Worksheets Free Math Help Worksheet Template Gina Wilson All Things Algebra Unit 4 Congruent Triangles Angles Of Triangles Help Brainly Com – 1 lessons […]
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# Unit 2: Graphs and Inverses of Trigonometric Functions
## Presentation on theme: "Unit 2: Graphs and Inverses of Trigonometric Functions"— Presentation transcript:
Unit 2: Graphs and Inverses of Trigonometric Functions
LG 2-1 Graphing Trigonometric Functions Test 9/4 LG 2-2 Applications of Trig Functions Test 9/9 LG 2-3 Evaluating Inverse Trig Functions LG 2-4 Graphing Inverse Trig Functions Test 9/13
So far, in our study of trigonometric functions we have:
defined all of them learned how to evaluate them used them on the unit circle So logically, the next step would be to study the graphs of the functions.
Scientists are continually monitoring the average temperatures across the globe to determine if Earth is experiencing Climate Change (Global Warming!). One statistic scientists use to describe the climate of an area is average temperature. The average temperature of a region is the mean of its average high and low temperatures.
A function that repeats itself in regular intervals, or periods, is called periodic. a. If you were to continue the temperature graph, what would you consider its interval, or period, to be? b. Choose either the high or low average temperatures and sketch the graph for three intervals, or periods.
Periodicity is Common in Nature
Day/night cycle (rotation of earth) Ocean Tides Pendulums and other swinging movements Ocean waves Birth/marriage/death cycle Menstrual cycle Eating and sleeping cycle Musical rhythm Linguistic rhythm Dribbling, juggling Calendars Fashion cycles, for example, skirt lengths or necktie widths Economic and political cycles, for example, boom and bust economic periods, right-wing and left-wing political tendencies
Periodic Functions A periodic function is a function whose values repeat at regular intervals. The part of the graph from any point to the point where the graph starts repeating itself is called a cycle. The period is the difference between the horizontal coordinates corresponding to one cycle. Sine and Cosine functions complete a cycle every 360°. So the period of these functions is 360°.
Graphing Trig Functions
Whenever you have to draw a graph of an unfamiliar function, you do it by point-wise plotting (calculating and plotting enough points to detect a pattern). Then you connect the points with a smooth curve or line. Objective: Discover by point-wise plotting what the graphs of all 6 trig functions looks like. .
Graphing Calculator Introduction
Make sure that your calculator is in the correct mode (degrees or radians). Graph y = sin Θ in y1 & look on the Ztrig window (zoom + 7). Trace along the graph. What do you observe? Repeat for all trig functions (one at a time)
Graphing Trig Functions
The graphs of the trig functions are made by evaluating each function at the special angles on the unit circle. The input of the function is the angle measure on the unit circle. The output is the value of the function for that angle. We can “unwrap” these values from the unit circle and put them on the coordinate plane.
The Graph of Sine x (angles) y (evaluate for sine) 0o 90o 180o 270o
The Graph of Cosine x (angles) y (evaluate for cos) 0o 90o 180o 270o
Vocabulary Sinusoid – a graph of a sine or cosine function
Sinusoidal axis - the horizontal line halfway between the local maximum and local minimum: y = 0 for parent function Convex – bulging side of the wave Concave – hollowed out side of the wave Concave up Concave down Point of inflection - point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature (the concavity) changes.
The Graph of Tangent x (angles) y (evaluate for tan) 0o 90o 180o 270o
Co-Trig (Reciprocal) Functions
Each of the reciprocal trig functions relate to the original graph. Plot the “important points” for the sine function on the cosecant graph and then sketch the sine curve LIGHTLY – not in pen!!!
The Graph of Cosecant x (angles) y (evaluate for csc) 0o 90o 180o 270o
The Graph of Secant x (angles) y (evaluate for sec) 0o 90o 180o 270o
The Graph of Cotangent x (angles) y (evaluate for cot) 0o 90o 180o
Discontinuous Functions
The graphs of tan, cot, sec, and csc functions are discontinuous where the function value would involve division by zero. What happens to the graph when a function is discontinuous?
Trig Function Characteristics
As always, we need to talk about domain, range, max and min, etc. You will fill out the table for each of the 6 trig functions (and finish for HW).
Period The period of a trig function is how long it takes to complete one cycle. What is the period of sine and cosine? What about cosecant and secant? Tangent and cotangent? The period of the functions tangent and cotangent is only 180° instead of 360°, like the four trigonometric functions.
Domain and Range When we think about the domain and range, we have to make sure we are considering the entire function and not just the part on the unit circle.
Maximum and Minimum Local max & min Absolute max & min
Intercepts x-intercepts y-intercepts
Points of Inflection point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature (the concavity) changes. Will all graphs have points of inflection?
Intervals of Increase and Decrease
Positive slope? Negative slope?
Period Domain Range Maximum Minimum Sine Cosine Tangent Cotangent Cosecant Secant
Increasing Interval Decreasing X-intercept(s) Y-intercept(s) Point of Inflection sine cosine Tangent Cotangent cosecant secant
Function Period Domain Range
y = tan Θ 180° Θ = all real #’s of degrees except Θ = 90° + 180°n, where n is an integer y = all real #’s y = cot Θ Θ = all real #’s of degrees except Θ = 180°n, where n is an integer y = sec Θ 360° y = csc Θ
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# C++ Exercise
This topic is 2095 days old which is more than the 365 day threshold we allow for new replies. Please post a new topic.
## Recommended Posts
Hello! I wasted my entire easter holiday laying around doing nothing and I can't do this anymore. I need to work more. So i decided to make a "project" kind of thing where everyone could post exercises and we can help each other solve them. I actually need basic ones because i realised i don't know basic stuff like: finding if a number is prime. Really simple things like this can be sometimes hard to find on your own and can later help you because you can easly implement it.
The first thing i want to know is where i could make 2 threads...(a mod should help me here).
The first thread: Containing all the exercises in this form or with a few modifications. We should stick as much as we can to a standard tough.
Problem no. 1
//Difficulty: Beginner
Write a code that reads 10 numbers, checks if the numbers are prime and shows a total of prime numbers read.
//Example: Input|2,5,6,3,12,6,7,25,2,8 Output|5
The second thread: Like a forum that helps people solve the exercise.
Problem no. 1
I don't know how to check if a number is prime. Can someone help me?
//You may even add sample code here
Waiting for a mod to tell me where i should make the threads, or if they already exist and I didn't see them.
Also if people know any other sources of practice/exercise, I would like to hear from them.
##### Share on other sites
Check out [url="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&sqi=2&ved=0CDQQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fprojecteuler.net%2F&ei=bDqUT9-yF-Gf6QGSneyqBA&usg=AFQjCNFW7PrMk0NSvKgoR9RYdherBt3i6Q"]Project Euler[/url]. It is basically exactly what you have described.
##### Share on other sites
This topic is 2095 days old which is more than the 365 day threshold we allow for new replies. Please post a new topic.
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On Twitter, I came across a thread among my friends discussing how to name your child. The issue has to do with alphabetical orders. As Thai children often have to write their name in both Thai and English, how should parents name their children such that they appear among the first few names on a list, given that the list follows the Thai and English abugida/alphabetical order?
In other words, what is the optimal name a child can have order-wise?
I formulated a simple measure, i.e. the sum of the ordinal of the Thai and Latin letter corresponding to the Thai letter based on the system by the Thai Royal Institute. For example, the first letter in the Thai abugida is <ก>, which can be transliterated into the Latin alphabet <k>, which is 11th in the English alphabetical order. The total badness score <ก> receives is therefore $\frac{44}{1}$ (1st in the Thai order) $+ \frac{26}{11}$ (11th in the English order) $= 0.4458$. By this measure, I found that the best letter one can have as an initial is <จ>. The Royal Institute standard transliterates <จ> as <ch>, and only the first letter is considered for the digraph, so <จ> is assigned the total score of $\frac{44}{8}$ (8th in the Thai order) + $\frac{26}{3}$ (third in the English order) = 0.297 The worst is <ย> with a score of 1.734 ($\frac{44}{34}+\frac{26}{25}=1.734$).
But wait, does the “badness” of the position in the order increase linearly as assumed? Perhaps it increases exponentially, then the picture changes. Assuming arbitrarily the exponential badness function $b(x)=(\frac{2}{3})^{\frac{n}{x}-1}$, where $x$ is the ordinal and $n$ the number of letters in the writing system. Based on the total badness (calcuated from $b(x)$ for both Thai and English), the ranking changes slightly but the worst letter is still <ย>.
This simplistic formulation is clearly inadequate. Ideally, we would want a more realistic measure that corresponds to the psychological state of the named and/or the socioeconomic benefits that accompany the position in the sequence. More research still has to be done on a more extensive scope (the second letter, the third letter, etc.). From this point, I envision an ambitious project to arrive at the general form of the Law of Naming.
What would be the implications of this Law I do not know, but the same can be said about a great many legendary mathematical findings at the time they were found. One thing is for sure, though: the possibilities for research in this area are endless.
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+0
# Help ASAP
0
184
2
Find the number of real roots of \[2x^{2001} + 3x^{2000} + 2x^{1999} + 3x^{1998} + \dots + 2x + 3 = 0.\]
Apr 12, 2020
#1
0
There are 5 real roots.
Apr 13, 2020
#2
+8354
0
\(2x^{2001} + 3x^{2000} + 2x^{1999} + 3x^{1998} + \cdots + 2x + 3 = 0\\ (2x + 3)(x^{2020} + x^{2018} + \cdots + 1) = 0\)
Because \(x^{2020} + x^{2018} + \cdots + 1 > 0\), the only possibility is \(2x + 3 = 0\).
Solving gives \(x = -\dfrac32\).
There is only 1 real root.
Apr 14, 2020
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# Number 32023220
### Properties of number 32023220
Cross Sum:
Factorization:
2 * 2 * 5 * 1601161
Divisors:
Count of divisors:
Sum of divisors:
Prime number?
No
Fibonacci number?
No
Bell Number?
No
Catalan Number?
No
Base 2 (Binary):
Base 3 (Ternary):
Base 4 (Quaternary):
Base 5 (Quintal):
Base 8 (Octal):
1e8a2b4
Base 32:
uh8lk
sin(32023220)
-0.99910894168018
cos(32023220)
0.042205718270326
tan(32023220)
-23.672359638117
ln(32023220)
17.281971822625
lg(32023220)
7.5054649989737
sqrt(32023220)
5658.9062547457
Square(32023220)
### Number Look Up
Look Up
32023220 which is pronounced (thirty-two million twenty-three thousand two hundred twenty) is a amazing figure. The cross sum of 32023220 is 14. If you factorisate the number 32023220 you will get these result 2 * 2 * 5 * 1601161. The figure 32023220 has 12 divisors ( 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 1601161, 3202322, 6404644, 8005805, 16011610, 32023220 ) whith a sum of 67248804. The number 32023220 is not a prime number. The figure 32023220 is not a fibonacci number. The figure 32023220 is not a Bell Number. The figure 32023220 is not a Catalan Number. The convertion of 32023220 to base 2 (Binary) is 1111010001010001010110100. The convertion of 32023220 to base 3 (Ternary) is 2020020221121012. The convertion of 32023220 to base 4 (Quaternary) is 1322022022310. The convertion of 32023220 to base 5 (Quintal) is 31144220340. The convertion of 32023220 to base 8 (Octal) is 172121264. The convertion of 32023220 to base 16 (Hexadecimal) is 1e8a2b4. The convertion of 32023220 to base 32 is uh8lk. The sine of the number 32023220 is -0.99910894168018. The cosine of the number 32023220 is 0.042205718270326. The tangent of the number 32023220 is -23.672359638117. The square root of 32023220 is 5658.9062547457.
If you square 32023220 you will get the following result 1025486619168400. The natural logarithm of 32023220 is 17.281971822625 and the decimal logarithm is 7.5054649989737. I hope that you now know that 32023220 is great figure!
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https://quant.stackexchange.com/questions/59519/theoretical-fair-value-of-sofr-1m-and-3m-future-contracts
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# Theoretical fair value of SOFR 1M and 3M Future contracts?
The fair value of Eurodollar future contracts is calculated using the no arbitrage pricing and the spot curve for LIBOR. How does one compute the theoretical fair value of 1M and 3M SOFR Future contracts?
(Edit 23.11.2020) [Note that my previous derivations were too hasty and had some issues, I will try to amend when time allows. In any case, note that those results were merely model-free: SOFR Futures have convexity adjustments and in practice you will need to specify a model for the forward rates to actually calculate them. Feel free to unmark as "answered".]
First off, let us recall how the CME group defines SOFR Future rates $$F$$:
• 1M SOFR future rate: "average daily SOFR interest during contract Delivery Month".
• 3M SOFR future rate: "compounded daily SOFR interest during contract Reference Quarter".
The settlement value of the Future is then equal to: $$100-F$$.
As @JanStuller explains, Futures are normally liquid instruments. They are used as building blocks for constructing interest rate curves, especially over the short-end that is maturities equal to or less than 1 year. Therefore, the Future rate is given by the market, rather than derived from a pricing model.
That being said, there might be circumstances under which you want to price a Future not observable in the market. For example, you might want to price a long-dated Future which is yet not being actively traded in the market. Another example is when computing valuation adjustments such as CVA: these require simulating Future rates at future times; you then normally simulate the interest rate curve and use a pricing model to obtain a simulated Future rate from your curve.
It is possible to derive a model-free expression for the SOFR Future rate. However bear in mind that, due to the neglect of discounting in Futures, there are convexity adjustments in the rate's calculation. To compute those adjustments you actually need a model for the rates.
• Tough to compete with a robot who looks every bit as human, but in fact possesses superior skills :). Superb answer! Nov 22, 2020 at 16:10
Not sure if this will entirely answer your question, but the key concept here is that the Futures contracts are not priced via some theoretical model, but their price is entirely driven by supply and demand. In turn, the supply and demand reflect the market's expectation about future Libors (or SOFR, in case the underlying is SOFR).
Let's say that "today" you want to build a SOFR curve: the first point on this curve would be the spot SOFR rate (i.e. the SOFR rate that was published "today" in the morning by the New York Fed, reflecting "yesterday's average realized Secured Overnight Funding Rate transactions). The next point on the curve could be the 1-month point: this point would give today's market expectation of what the SOFR rate will be 1-month from today. This point could be taken from the 1-month SOFR futures contract. The next point could be the 3-month point: same thing (could be taken from the 3-month SOFR future).
So what I am trying to say is that the futures contract would be used as an input to build other curves, rather than the Futures themselves being an output of a no-arbitrage pricing model.
The value of the 1-month or the 3-month SOFR futures contract would change if suddenly many people want to short the contract (or buy the contract): that would push the contract price down (or up), rather than some pricing model.
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# [Numpy-discussion] Sum over array elements
Gökhan Sever gokhansever@gmail....
Mon Apr 12 09:26:19 CDT 2010
```On Mon, Apr 12, 2010 at 9:21 AM, Nicola Creati <ncreati@inogs.it> wrote:
> Hello,
> I want to calculate, given a one dimension array, the sum over every two
> elements of the array.
> I found this working solution:
>
> a = N.arange(10)
> b = a.reshape(a, (5, 2))
> c = b.sum(axis=1)
>
> Is there any better solution?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Nicola Creati
>
> _______________________________________________
> NumPy-Discussion mailing list
> NumPy-Discussion@scipy.org
> http://mail.scipy.org/mailman/listinfo/numpy-discussion
>
Sum odds and evens:
I[3]: d = a[1::2] + a[::2]
I[4]: d
O[4]: array([ 1, 5, 9, 13, 17])
--
Gökhan
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This site is supported by donations to The OEIS Foundation.
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Hints (Greetings from The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences!)
A060743 Least k such that GCD( p(k), q(k) ) is n, where p() is the unrestricted partition function (A000041) and q is the distinct partition function (A000009). 1
1, 8, 26, 11, 7, 46, 33, 94, 277, 130, 85, 180, 173, 47, 434, 131, 60, 297, 1175, 569, 40, 305, 1243, 142, 1024, 213, 169, 775, 988, 900, 1622, 262, 470, 844, 812, 2391, 9480, 2607, 1624, 441, 1061, 2845, 1686, 501, 749, 109, 6958, 449, 572, 174, 178, 2887 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET 1,2 LINKS MATHEMATICA Do[ d = GCD[ PartitionsP[ n ], PartitionsQ[ n ]]; If[ a[[ d ]] == 0, a[[ d ]] = n ], {n, 1, 10400} ]; Table[ a[[ n ]], {n, 1, 60} ] CROSSREFS Sequence in context: A004246 A220535 A060718 * A029617 A200785 A120743 Adjacent sequences: A060740 A060741 A060742 * A060744 A060745 A060746 KEYWORD nonn AUTHOR Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 23 2001 STATUS approved
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## how to compute difference between numers?
May 12, 2006 at 1:45pm
# how to compute difference between numers?
I don’t remember if there is any object that can calulate the difference between two numbers:
esample:
22 and 40 = 18
29 and 26 = 3
I don’t use a “-” for I don’t want negative numebrs:
like:
22 -40 = -18
It would be interesting if I could have the same operation done with lists of numbers:
22 10 55 66 23 VS
40 50 60 20 125 =
18 40 5 46 102
#25941
May 12, 2006 at 2:08pm
You could use “abs” after “-” to avoid negative numbers.
Hi,
riccardo
#77005
May 12, 2006 at 2:16pm
DOH! thanks! my memory is getting rusty..
can i also compute lists?
#77006
May 12, 2006 at 2:19pm
yes [abs] is the right way. You could use [vexpr] object to compute the difference between two lists, check [vexpr] help.
cheers
#77007
May 12, 2006 at 2:19pm
thanks indeed
#77008
May 13, 2006 at 2:24am
Actually and for the record, you *can* do this with a single external. If you want to.
I was going to point you to http://www.maxobjects.com, but I see that the object in question hasn’t been listed there yet. Solo culpa mea. So I fear I will, yet again, have to resort to a plug.
The object is called lp.delta. URI below.
Best, Peter
#77009
May 13, 2006 at 6:08am
#77010
May 13, 2006 at 11:57pm
>Just to remind to everyone that maxobjects.com can be feed by everybody.
Sorry, I meant to add that the fact that lp.delta is missing is nobody’s faux mais de moi.
My internet access is limited to a dial-up while I am in the US, perhaps to the relief of some list readers. So updating my babies will remain, FBOW, on the to-do list until I get back to Berlin.
Great work on maxobjects.com, it’s a great resource that I plug, well, not quite as much as Litter Power or iCE, but close.
Best — Peter
#77011
You must be logged in to reply to this topic.
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## Explicit filter argument of Calculate function : Not able to understand its evaluation
Hello Members,
I have a query with respect to working of calculate filters and its evaluation context.
Some Background
I have a sample data. I have a task to compute the closing balance of customers.
I got the desired result in the form of following table matrix.
The cell level and sub-total level results make sense to me except the one highlighted in red circle
I got this result through following piece of DAX code.
``````balance1 =
SUMX(
VALUES(Balances[Name]),
CALCULATE(
SUM(Balances[Balance]),
LASTNONBLANK(
'Date'[Date],
COUNTROWS(RELATEDTABLE(Balances))
)
)
)``````
What is my Issue?
My understanding of calculate function is that it evaluates its "EXPLICIT" filter arguments in original filter context. In case of this example. LASTNONBLANK is an explicit filter.
In case of Grand total (circled in red), their original filter context do not have any active filter context i.e it has all the unfiltered names (Balances[Name]) and all the dates ('Date'[Date]).
If we evaluate LASTNONBLANK function in its original context as explained above, it should return 18th July 2010 as the date which will be an explicit filter argument for Calculate function based on which it will evaluate its expression.
Now, due to sumx iterator, it creates a row context on values(Balances[Name]) table and results into context transition. In case of context transition, it would put implicit filter of names for each row.
Explicit filter (i.e the result of LASTNONBLANK function) will be applied on top of the result of context transition. As both the filters are not over-riding, we should get something like this for Grand total
Just to be clear, i am getting the desired result with this DAX computation. Nevertheless, i am posting this question to seek help from this wonderful community as to which step above am i failing to understand?
Supporting Info below
The configuration of Matrix table is as follows
I have just two sample tables in the data model which are linked to each other with Data column
My basis of the above question is based on my understanding of the working of Calculate function as documented in dax.guide
Thank you so much everyone for patiently reading and attempting to help here.
Regards
ARU
1 ACCEPTED SOLUTION
Super User
@ARU_ Since @marcorusso wrote the explanation for CALCULATE's internal wiring, perhaps he might drop by and explain where you are going wrong in your interpretation of things. However, I believe where you might be not understanding things is that the CALCULATE expression is being evaluated for each row within the SUMX. It is not independent and does not come "first". Thus, for Katie Jordon, when the CALCULATE determines the LASTNONBLANK, it is finding the LASTNONBLANK within the context of Katie Jordon. The same is true for the other individuals. It is not that the LASTNONBLANK fires and returns the last date where the COUNTROWS is blank for ALL of the people, it is always scoped to each individual. Hope that makes sense.
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14 REPLIES 14
MVP
In my previous reply I wrote this:
As I said, you might be confused by the fact that LASTNONBLANK performs a context transition, which wouldn't happen with other approaches (the CALCULATE context transition only applies to the first argument, LASTNONBLANK is not involved by that context transition and generates its own - look at the documentation on DAX Guide).
Let me rephrase: the filter arguments of CALCULATE are executed in the original filter context; however, LASTNONBLANK performs a context transition on its own as described in LASTNONBLANK – DAX Guide
I hope it helps.
Thanks @marcorusso for the lucid explanation and your patience. I understand that the iterative process on names triggers context transition for the first argumnet of "LASTNONBLANK" function .
I am sorry, but still i am not able to make sense of Grand total computation as yet.
If i could represent my understanding below with the first iteration of the name "Katie Jordan". This is how i think the context transition is happening (under-lined with Red)
Now, the inner calculatetable function filter on account of context transition do not have any impact as Balance table has many to one relationship with Date table. So, it will yield all the dates present in the Date table even with "Katie Jordan" filter.
With 2nd argument of LASTNONBLANK function, when it checks for related records, it should invariabily output "18th July 2010" as the lastnonblank day even for Katie Jordan.
On another note, the filter argument of outer calculate function is also a result of context transition. As this is an implicit filter and hence it should not have any bearing on the explicit filter (LASTNONBLANK function) working which is entirely based on original context evaluation.
Somehow this DAX is filtering the date at an individual person level, which i fail to understand why.
Thank you so much
Super User
RELATEDTABLE = CALCULATETABLE
Which means 'Balances' is calculated for 'Balances'[Name] = "Katie Jordan" only her rows are visible.
I really appreciate your enthusiasm for learning but let me give you an advice as a Mechanical Engineer rather than a Data Analyst. As engineers we like to do things simple and efficient, we rely more on useful practical science and avoid dealing with the less useful complex theory. Don't bather much trying to understand such complex scenarios but always try to simplify your problem and find the fastest and most efficient (cheapest) method to achieve your goals.
Hey Thanks @tamerj1 - Basically, this explains the piece of information i was missing. To be honest, i did not know that Relatedtable is calculatetable as highlighted by you. I did go back and checked the documentation too.
This teaches me a lesson that i should not assume the working of DAX function and read the documentation (again ) if DAX behaves differently from what i had expected. Thank you.
I would say i really was "obsessed" and enthusiastic both in learning this as i am still half way in my learning-journey of DAX. That is why the hunger of clearing the fundamentals concepts come.
I do agree with you that this was not the most efficient way of achieving the output in this particular case, however efficiency was never the objective in the first place. In the long run, your advise will be helpful to me 😊
I really appreciate your patience in responding to a post which already has an accepted solution. Cheers.
MVP
I'm not sure I understand your question.
As I said, you might be confused by the fact that LASTNONBLANK performs a context transition, which wouldn't happen with other approaches (the CALCULATE context transition only applies to the first argument, LASTNONBLANK is not involved by that context transition and generates its own - look at the documentation on DAX Guide).
I suggest that you look at these videos (the first three in the series), they could help in getting another "visual" perspective about these concepts: Series The Whiteboard - SQLBI
Hi @marcorusso - As suggested by you, I went ahead and watched the first three videos in the whiteboard series. Thanks for pointing me to that direction.
I am sorry, but i am still not very much clear as to how the DAX code works in this case.
This is the expanded version of DAX measure which computes the closing balances:
```balance1 =
SUMX (
VALUES ( Balances[Name] ),
CALCULATE (
SUM ( Balances[Balance] ),
LASTNONBLANK (
CALCULATETABLE ( DISTINCT ( 'Date'[Date] ) ),
COUNTROWS ( CALCULATETABLE ( Balances ) )
)
)
)```
when you say that the 'LASTNONBLANK' filter argument of Calculate is not impacted by context transition, then how the dates are getting computed for each customer name?
As per the first evaluation step of Calculate function (basis dax.guide) says that explicit filters are evaluated in original evaluation context.
In case of Grand total evaluation, there are no active filter context then how come the dates are getting evaluated at a "name" level?
I am sure, i am getting somewhere wrong in my understanding of evaluation context of this code :
I guess once i understand its evaluation context environment, then i should be able to understand the root cause of my problem.
May i request your guidance here?
Hope i am able to articulate my problem.
Many Thanks Again
Regards
ARU
Thank you @marcorusso . I will refer these videos.
MVP
@Greg_Deckler is right, by iterating the list of names, the LASTNONBLANK is evaluated for each customer, so you get the last value for each customer within the period considered.
Two suggestions:
1. Don't use LASTNONBLANK, it's slow and iterates all the dates while a MAX would have been more efficient
2. Look at Semi-additive calculations – DAX Patterns to see an explanation of the best approach depending on the result you want to obtain.
Super User
Thank you @marcorusso and @Greg_Deckler for your great input.
I would also add that this is how @ARU_'s formula really looks like
balance1 =
SUMX (
VALUES ( Balances[Name] ),
CALCULATE (
SUM ( Balances[Balance] ),
LASTNONBLANK (
CALCULATETABLE ( DISTINCT ( 'Date'[Date] ) ),
COUNTROWS ( CALCULATETABLE ( Balances ) )
)
)
)
it contains a couple of nested (but hidden) CALCULATE's.
And I agree to NEVER use LASTNONBLANK it is very slow and there are many alternatives out there.
Thanks @marcorusso for your prompt response.
I understand that calculate explicit filters are evaluated in original context, while the filteration on the basis of each name happens on account of context transition?
How come then the evaluation of Lastnonblank function takes into consideration the filter on the basis of names?
By the way, i am reading your book on DAX 😊 - The definitive guide. Thank you for writing such a great book. Its a privilege to interact with best in class like you @marcorusso @Greg_Deckler @tamerj1
hi @tamerj1 - Thanks for your response.
I basically wanted to understand why my version of DAX doesnt give this result as in your case. My query is more to do with understanding the steps which my DAX code takes to generate the output it gives so that i could fill up the gaps in my understanding.
Super User
@ARU_ Since @marcorusso wrote the explanation for CALCULATE's internal wiring, perhaps he might drop by and explain where you are going wrong in your interpretation of things. However, I believe where you might be not understanding things is that the CALCULATE expression is being evaluated for each row within the SUMX. It is not independent and does not come "first". Thus, for Katie Jordon, when the CALCULATE determines the LASTNONBLANK, it is finding the LASTNONBLANK within the context of Katie Jordon. The same is true for the other individuals. It is not that the LASTNONBLANK fires and returns the last date where the COUNTROWS is blank for ALL of the people, it is always scoped to each individual. Hope that makes sense.
Become an expert!: Enterprise DNA
External Tools: MSHGQM
Latest book!:
The Definitive Guide to Power Query (M)
DAX is easy, CALCULATE makes DAX hard...
Super User
Super User
Hi @ARU_
``````Balance2 =
SUMX (
TOPN ( 1, Balances, Balances[Date] ),
Balances[Balance]
) ``````
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Convert ftHg to ftH2O (Foot of mercury to Foot of water column)
## Foot of mercury into Foot of water column
numbers in scientific notation
https://www.convert-measurement-units.com/convert+Foot+of+mercury+to+Foot+of+water+column.php
## How many Foot of water column make 1 Foot of mercury?
1 Foot of mercury [ftHg] = 13.595 494 115 049 Foot of water column [ftH2O] - Measurement calculator that can be used to convert Foot of mercury to Foot of water column, among others.
# Convert Foot of mercury to Foot of water column (ftHg to ftH2O):
1. Choose the right category from the selection list, in this case 'Pressure'.
2. Next enter the value you want to convert. The basic operations of arithmetic: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*, x), division (/, :, ÷), exponent (^), brackets and π (pi) are all permitted at this point.
3. From the selection list, choose the unit that corresponds to the value you want to convert, in this case 'Foot of mercury [ftHg]'.
4. Finally choose the unit you want the value to be converted to, in this case 'Foot of water column [ftH2O]'.
5. Then, when the result appears, there is still the possibility of rounding it to a specific number of decimal places, whenever it makes sense to do so.
With this calculator, it is possible to enter the value to be converted together with the original measurement unit; for example, '3 Foot of mercury'. In so doing, either the full name of the unit or its abbreviation can be usedas an example, either 'Foot of mercury' or 'ftHg'. Then, the calculator determines the category of the measurement unit of measure that is to be converted, in this case 'Pressure'. After that, it converts the entered value into all of the appropriate units known to it. In the resulting list, you will be sure also to find the conversion you originally sought. Alternatively, the value to be converted can be entered as follows: '70 ftHg to ftH2O' or '2 ftHg into ftH2O' or '81 Foot of mercury -> Foot of water column' or '55 ftHg = ftH2O' or '49 Foot of mercury to ftH2O' or '90 ftHg to Foot of water column' or '24 Foot of mercury into Foot of water column'. For this alternative, the calculator also figures out immediately into which unit the original value is specifically to be converted. Regardless which of these possibilities one uses, it saves one the cumbersome search for the appropriate listing in long selection lists with myriad categories and countless supported units. All of that is taken over for us by the calculator and it gets the job done in a fraction of a second.
Furthermore, the calculator makes it possible to use mathematical expressions. As a result, not only can numbers be reckoned with one another, such as, for example, '(45 * 77) ftHg'. But different units of measurement can also be coupled with one another directly in the conversion. That could, for example, look like this: '3 Foot of mercury + 9 Foot of water column' or '75mm x 70cm x 70dm = ? cm^3'. The units of measure combined in this way naturally have to fit together and make sense in the combination in question.
If a check mark has been placed next to 'Numbers in scientific notation', the answer will appear as an exponential. For example, 1.294 538 259 824 6×1025. For this form of presentation, the number will be segmented into an exponent, here 25, and the actual number, here 1.294 538 259 824 6. For devices on which the possibilities for displaying numbers are limited, such as for example, pocket calculators, one also finds the way of writing numbers as 1.294 538 259 824 6E+25. In particular, this makes very large and very small numbers easier to read. If a check mark has not been placed at this spot, then the result is given in the customary way of writing numbers. For the above example, it would then look like this: 12 945 382 598 246 000 000 000 000. Independent of the presentation of the results, the maximum precision of this calculator is 14 places. That should be precise enough for most applications.
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Home » How To Do Bank Drops? Update New
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Let’s discuss the question: how to do bank drops. We summarize all relevant answers in section Q&A of website Napavalleyartfestival in category: MMO. See more related questions in the comments below.
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Taxes on one million dollars of earned income will fall within the highest income bracket mandated by the federal government. For the 2020 tax year, this is a 37% tax rate.
What is the tax rate on 80000 income?
If you make \$80,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$14,716. Your average tax rate is 13.23% and your marginal tax rate is 22%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
How much tax do you pay on \$5000?
The 10% rate applies to income from \$1 to \$10,000; the 20% rate applies to income from \$10,001 to \$20,000; and the 30% rate applies to all income above \$20,000. Under this system, someone earning \$10,000 is taxed at 10%, paying a total of \$1,000. Someone earning \$5,000 pays \$500, and so on.
How much is \$300 after taxes?
\$300 a month after tax is \$300 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$300.00 a month after tax breaks down into \$3,600 annually, \$69.00 weekly, \$13.80 daily, \$1.73 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much is \$1000 after taxes?
\$1,000 after tax is \$1,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$1,000 after tax breaks down into \$83.33 monthly, \$19.17 weekly, \$3.83 daily, \$0.48 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
What percentage is tax?
The U.S. currently has seven federal income tax brackets, with rates of 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. If you’re one of the lucky few to earn enough to fall into the 37% bracket, that doesn’t mean that the entirety of your taxable income will be subject to a 37% tax. Instead, 37% is your top marginal tax rate. 3 thg 1, 2022
What is the federal tax rate on \$250 000?
2021 Tax Rate Schedule 2021 Tax Rate Schedule Taxable Income1 Federal Tax Rates Married Filing Joint Single Filers Federal Income \$172,751 – \$250,000 \$86,376 – \$164,925 24% – \$164,926 – \$200,000 32% \$250,001 – \$329,850 – 24% 8 hàng khác
What is the federal tax rate for 2021?
How We Make Money Tax rate Single Married filing jointly or qualifying widow 10% \$0 to \$9,950 \$0 to \$19,900 12% \$9,951 to \$40,525 \$19,901 to \$81,050 22% \$40,526 to \$86,375 \$81,051 to \$172,750 24% \$86,376 to \$164,925 \$172,751 to \$329,850 4 hàng khác • 4 ngày trước
What percent is federal income tax?
The federal individual income tax has seven tax rates ranging from 10 percent to 37 percent (table 1). The rates apply to taxable income—adjusted gross income minus either the standard deduction or allowable itemized deductions. Income up to the standard deduction (or itemized deductions) is thus taxed at a zero rate.
How do you calculate taxes on a 1099?
Paying taxes as a 1099 worker As a 1099 earner, you’ll have to deal with self-employment tax, which is basically just how you pay FICA taxes. The combined tax rate is 15.3%. Normally, the 15.3% rate is split half-and-half between employers and employees.
What are taxes on \$12000?
If you make \$12,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$1,062. That means that your net pay will be \$10,938 per year, or \$912 per month. Your average tax rate is 8.9% and your marginal tax rate is 13.4%.
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How much tax do you pay on 170000 in Ontario?
If you make \$170,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$61,094. That means that your net pay will be \$108,906 per year, or \$9,075 per month. Your average tax rate is 35.9% and your marginal tax rate is 48.0%.
How much tax do I pay on 400000 in Canada?
If you make \$40,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$10,446. That means that your net pay will be \$29,554 per year, or \$2,463 per month.
How much tax do I pay on 120k in Canada?
If you make \$120,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$38,647. That means that your net pay will be \$81,353 per year, or \$6,779 per month. Your average tax rate is 32.2% and your marginal tax rate is 43.4%.
How much tax do I pay on 150000 in Ontario?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$51,669. That means that your net pay will be \$98,331 per year, or \$8,194 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.5% and your marginal tax rate is 46.3%.
How much tax do I pay in Ontario calculator?
Ontario Provincial and Federal tax brackets Ontario tax bracket Ontario tax rate over \$45,142 up to \$90,287 9.15% over \$90,287 up to \$150,000 11.16% over \$150,000 up to \$220,000 12.16% over \$220,000 13.16% 1 hàng khác • 21 thg 9, 2021
How much is 150k after taxes in NYC?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of New York, USA, you will be taxed \$47,610. That means that your net pay will be \$102,390 per year, or \$8,532 per month. Your average tax rate is 31.7% and your marginal tax rate is 33.3%.
What is the federal tax rate on 175000?
If you make \$175,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$60,314. That means that your net pay will be \$114,686 per year, or \$9,557 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.5% and your marginal tax rate is 37.7%.
How much is 180k after taxes in California?
If you make \$180,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$62,199. That means that your net pay will be \$117,801 per year, or \$9,817 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.6% and your marginal tax rate is 43.7%.
Is 64k a good salary?
A salary of \$65,000 can be a high income in many parts in the United States but below average in other parts. The cost of living can vary greatly between different areas, because of fluctuations in housing prices and availability, insurance pricing, healthcare costs, food pricing and availability and more. 29 thg 4, 2021
How much tax do I pay on 65000 in Ontario?
If you make \$65,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$18,583. That means that your net pay will be \$46,417 per year, or \$3,868 per month. Your average tax rate is 28.6% and your marginal tax rate is 29.7%.
How much taxes will I pay on \$50000?
If you are single and a wage earner with an annual salary of \$50,000, your federal income tax liability will be approximately \$5700. Social security and medicare tax will be approximately \$3,800. Depending on your state, additional taxes my apply.
How much tax do I pay on 88000?
\$88,000 after tax is \$88,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$88,000 after tax breaks down into \$7,333 monthly, \$1,687 weekly, \$337.31 daily, \$42.16 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much taxes will I owe if I made \$30000?
If you are single and a wage earner with an annual salary of \$30,000, your federal income tax liability will be approximately \$2,500. Social security and medicare tax will be approximately \$2,300. Depending on your state, additional taxes my apply.
What is the tax on 17000000?
If you make \$170,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$58,429. That means that your net pay will be \$111,571 per year, or \$9,298 per month.
How is Manitoba tax calculated?
A salary calculator Manitoba can be used to calculate your net income. … Manitoba Provincial and Federal tax brackets. Manitoba tax bracket Manitoba tax rate first \$33,723 10.80% over \$33,723 up to \$72,885 12.75% over \$72,885 17.40% 21 thg 9, 2021
How much tax is taken off my paycheck Manitoba?
Manitoba Individual Income Taxes Taxable Income Tax Rate 2019 2020 10.8% \$0 – \$32,670 \$0 – \$33,389 12.75% \$32,671 – \$70,610 \$33,390 – \$72,164 17.4% Over \$70,610 Over \$72164
What percentage of tax do I pay UK?
Income Tax rates and bands Band Taxable income Tax rate Personal Allowance Up to £12,570 0% Basic rate £12,571 to £50,270 20% Higher rate £50,271 to £150,000 40% Additional rate over £150,000 45%
How much per hour is 19000 a year UK?
If you earn £19,000 a year, then after your taxes and national insurance you will take home £16,560 a year, or £1,380 per month as a net salary. Based on a 40 hours work-week, your hourly rate will be £9.13 with your £19,000 salary.
How much tax do I pay on 26000 UK?
If your salary is £26,000, then after tax and national insurance you will be left with £21,320. This means that after tax you will take home £1,777 every month, or £410 per week, £82.00 per day, and your hourly rate will be £12.50 if you’re working 40 hours/week.
How much is 24k after tax UK?
If your salary is £24,000, then after tax and national insurance you will be left with £19,960. This means that after tax you will take home £1,663 every month, or £384 per week, £76.80 per day, and your hourly rate will be £11.55 if you’re working 40 hours/week.
How much tax do I pay on 23500?
On a £23,500 salary, your take home pay will be £19,642 after tax and National Insurance. This equates to £1,637 per month and £378 per week. If you work 5 days per week, this is £76 per day, or £9 per hour at 40 hours per week.
How much do you take home on 21500?
If your salary is £21,500, then after tax and national insurance you will be left with £18,260. This means that after tax you will take home £1,522 every month, or £351 per week, £70.20 per day, and your hourly rate will be £10.33 if you’re working 40 hours/week.
How much per hour is 23800 a year?
If you make 23,800 dollars a year, then your hourly income is \$11.44.
What is the tax on 10 million dollars?
Calculate the federal income tax for a business that had \$11.0 million taxable income for the year of interest. Federal income tax rates are given below. … Income tax rates and calculation of taxes. Taxable income (TI) in \$ Federal Tax Rate (%) Federal Tax (\$) 100,000 – 335,000 39 22,250 + (39%)(TI – 100,000) 335,000 – 10 million 34 113,900 + (34%)(TI – 335,000) 6 hàng khác
What are taxes on 2 million dollars?
Once you make \$2 million, average tax rates start to decrease. The average tax rate peaks at 25.1 percent for those making between \$1.5 million and \$2 million. After that it starts to go down, and falls to 20.7 percent for those making \$10 million or more. 23 thg 11, 2012
Does lottery money get taxed?
If you just won the lottery, you might be wondering whether there is any tax to pay on lottery winnings. The quick answer is no: no Capital Gains Tax. no Income Tax. 17 thg 2, 2022
What is my tax bracket if I make 90000?
If you make \$90,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$26,330. That means that your net pay will be \$63,670 per year, or \$5,306 per month. Your average tax rate is 29.3% and your marginal tax rate is 41.1%.
Is a salary of 80K good?
Depending on the size of your family, \$80,000 can comfortably cover living expenses and beyond. According to the U.S census as of 2020, the median salary for a four-person household is \$68,400 per year, making 80K a substantially higher income than that of the average American. 8 thg 3, 2021
How do I figure out my tax bracket?
You can calculate the tax bracket you fall into by dividing your income that will be taxed into each applicable bracket. Each bracket has its own tax rate. The bracket you are in also depends on your filing status: if you’re a single filer, married filing jointly, married filing separately or head of household. 15 thg 3, 2022
How much taxes do you pay on \$500000?
If you make \$500,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$216,666. That means that your net pay will be \$283,334 per year, or \$23,611 per month. Your average tax rate is 43.3% and your marginal tax rate is 51.1%.
Do I have to pay taxes on 5000?
Do You Have to File Taxes If You Made Less than \$5,000? Typically, if a filer files less than \$5,000 per year, they don’t need to do any filing for the IRS. Your employment status can also be used to determine if you’re making less than \$5,000. 16 thg 12, 2021
How much taxes do you pay on \$35000?
If you make \$35,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$6,366. That means that your net pay will be \$28,634 per year, or \$2,386 per month. Your average tax rate is 18.2% and your marginal tax rate is 26.1%.
What is \$1200 after taxes?
\$1,200 after tax is \$1,200 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$1,200 after tax breaks down into \$100.00 monthly, \$23.00 weekly, \$4.60 daily, \$0.58 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much is \$2000 after taxes?
\$2,000 after tax is \$2,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$2,000 after tax breaks down into \$166.67 monthly, \$38.33 weekly, \$7.67 daily, \$0.96 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
What is 2800 a month after taxes?
\$2,800 a month after tax is \$2,800 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$2,800 a month after tax breaks down into \$33,600 annually, \$643.96 weekly, \$128.79 daily, \$16.10 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much tax do you pay on \$500?
For a single employee paid weekly with taxable income of \$500, the federal income tax in 2019 is \$18.70 plus 12 percent of the amount over \$260. This works out to be \$47.50.
What is \$700 after taxes?
\$700 a month after tax is \$700 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$700.00 a month after tax breaks down into \$8,400 annually, \$160.99 weekly, \$32.20 daily, \$4.03 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much do I pay in taxes if I make 1000 a week?
Each week, you’ll have Social Security and Medicare taxes (FICA) deducted from your paycheck. You will pay 7.65 percent of your gross pay to cover this amount. If you earn \$1,000 per week in gross pay, you’ll pay \$1,000 X . 765, or \$76.50 per week toward FICA.
What are the taxes on 40000?
If you make \$40,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$7,672. That means that your net pay will be \$32,328 per year, or \$2,694 per month. Your average tax rate is 19.2% and your marginal tax rate is 27.5%.
How much would taxes be on \$200000?
If you make \$200,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$56,100. Your average tax rate is 20.41% and your marginal tax rate is 32%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
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How much tax do I pay on 73000?
\$73,000 after tax is \$73,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$73,000 after tax breaks down into \$6,083 monthly, \$1,399 weekly, \$279.81 daily, \$34.98 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
What are the tax rates for 2020?
2020 Federal Income Tax Brackets and Rates Rate For Single Individuals For Married Individuals Filing Joint Returns 10% Up to \$9,875 Up to \$19,750 12% \$9,876 to \$40,125 \$19,751 to \$80,250 22% \$40,126 to \$85,525 \$80,251 to \$171,050 24% \$85,526 to \$163,300 \$171,051 to \$326,600 4 hàng khác • 14 thg 11, 2019
What is the federal tax rate on 80000?
If you make \$80,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$14,716. Your average tax rate is 13.23% and your marginal tax rate is 22%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
Why are my taxes so high 2021?
The big tax deadline for all federal tax returns and payments is April 18, 2022. The standard deduction for 2021 increased to \$12,550 for single filers and \$25,100 for married couples filing jointly. Income tax brackets increased in 2021 to account for inflation. 23 thg 2, 2022
Do I pay more taxes with a 1099?
While being an independent contractor means you have to pay more in self-employment taxes, there is an upside: You can take business deductions. These business deductions reduce the amount of profit you pay income taxes on.
Can I get a tax refund with a 1099?
It is possible to receive a tax refund even if you received a 1099 without paying in any estimated taxes. The 1099-MISC reports income received as an independent contractor or self-employed taxpayer rather than as an employee. 6 thg 3, 2019
Does a 1099 mean I owe money?
Simply receiving a 1099 tax form doesn’t necessarily mean you owe taxes on that money. You might have deductions that offset the income, for example, or some or all of it might be sheltered based on characteristics of the asset that generated it. In any case, remember: The IRS knows about it.
How much tax do I pay on \$11000?
If you make \$11,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$974. That means that your net pay will be \$10,027 per year, or \$836 per month. Your average tax rate is 8.9% and your marginal tax rate is 8.9%.
How much tax do I pay on \$15000?
If you make \$15,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$1,573. That means that your net pay will be \$13,428 per year, or \$1,119 per month. Your average tax rate is 10.5% and your marginal tax rate is 34.1%.
How much tax do I pay on 95000 in Canada?
If you make \$95,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$28,090. That means that your net pay will be \$66,910 per year, or \$5,576 per month. Your average tax rate is 29.6% and your marginal tax rate is 37.9%.
How much tax do I pay on 110000 in Ontario?
If you make \$110,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$34,306. That means that your net pay will be \$75,694 per year, or \$6,308 per month. Your average tax rate is 31.2% and your marginal tax rate is 43.4%.
How much tax do I pay on 42000 in Canada?
If you make \$42,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$10,963. That means that your net pay will be \$31,037 per year, or \$2,586 per month. Your average tax rate is 26.1% and your marginal tax rate is 25.9%.
How much tax do I pay on 48000 in Ontario?
If you make \$48,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$12,698. That means that your net pay will be \$35,302 per year, or \$2,942 per month. Your average tax rate is 26.5% and your marginal tax rate is 32.0%.
How much tax do I pay on 200k in Canada?
If you make \$200,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$75,485. That means that your net pay will be \$124,515 per year, or \$10,376 per month. Your average tax rate is 37.7% and your marginal tax rate is 52.5%.
How much do you make an hour if you make 120 000 a year?
If you make \$120,000 per year, your hourly salary would be \$61.54. This result is obtained by multiplying your base salary by the amount of hours, week, and months you work in a year, assuming you work 37.5 hours a week.
How much tax do I pay on 100k?
Your marginal tax rate or tax bracket refers only to your highest tax rate—the last tax rate your income is subject to. For example, in 2021, a single filer with taxable income of \$100,000 will pay \$18,021 in tax, or an average tax rate of 18%. But your marginal tax rate or tax bracket is actually 24%.
How much tax do I pay on \$150000?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$37,648. Your average tax rate is 18.01% and your marginal tax rate is 24%.
What percent is PST?
Generally, the rate of PST is 7% on the purchase or lease price of goods and services, with some exceptions.
How do I calculate HST from a total?
Price x 12 (HST percentage) / 112= HST. The original price before HST would be \$150.00, and the HST would be \$18.00, totalling \$168.00. 2 thg 8, 2011
How much is 75k after taxes in NYC?
If you make \$75,000 a year living in the region of New York, USA, you will be taxed \$19,440. That means that your net pay will be \$55,560 per year, or \$4,630 per month. Your average tax rate is 25.9% and your marginal tax rate is 35.7%.
How much is 180k after taxes in NYC?
If you make \$180,000 a year living in the region of New York, USA, you will be taxed \$57,654. That means that your net pay will be \$122,346 per year, or \$10,195 per month. Your average tax rate is 32.0% and your marginal tax rate is 40.3%.
Is \$175 000 a good salary?
With the median U.S. income being about \$80,000 a year, a household of four earning between roughly \$52,000 and \$175,000 a year is considered middle class. 28 thg 10, 2021
What is the hourly rate for 175000 a year?
\$175,000 a year is how much per hour? If you make \$175,000 per year, your hourly salary would be \$89.74. This result is obtained by multiplying your base salary by the amount of hours, week, and months you work in a year, assuming you work 37.5 hours a week.
How much taxes do you pay on 190000?
If you make \$190,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$66,567. That means that your net pay will be \$123,433 per year, or \$10,286 per month. Your average tax rate is 35.0% and your marginal tax rate is 43.7%.
How much tax do I pay on 180k?
ATO Tax Rates 2021-22 Taxable income Tax on this income \$18,201 – \$45,000 19 cents for each \$1 over \$18,200 \$45,001 – \$120,000 \$5,092 plus 32.5 cents for each \$1 over \$45,000 \$120,001 – \$180,000 \$29,467 plus 37 cents for each \$1 over \$120,000 \$180,001 and over \$51,667 plus 45 cents for each \$1 over \$180,000 1 hàng khác
Is 66k a good salary?
It should probably be considered a fairly average salary, all other things being equal. It isn’t particularly good or bad. In most of the U.S.A. you can live a comfortable life supporting a small family on this salary, but in some major cities you will struggle to afford to basic necessities.
How much is \$70000 a year per hour?
\$34.31 per hour A annual salary of \$70,000, working 40 hours per week (assuming it’s a full-time job of 8 hours per day), will get you \$34.31 per hour. 4 thg 3, 2022
How much tax do I pay on 67000 in Ontario?
If you make \$67,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$19,176. That means that your net pay will be \$47,824 per year, or \$3,985 per month. Your average tax rate is 28.6% and your marginal tax rate is 29.7%.
How much tax do I pay on 73000 in Ontario?
If you make \$73,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$21,045. That means that your net pay will be \$51,955 per year, or \$4,330 per month. Your average tax rate is 28.8% and your marginal tax rate is 32.7%.
How much federal taxes do I owe on \$50000?
So if you make \$50,000 in earnings, that means you’ll pay a total of \$7,975 in taxes. That’s the \$987.50 from the first tax bracket, the \$4,815 in the second tax bracket, and the \$9,875 you made being taxed at the 22 percent bracket, for another \$2,172 in taxes. 7 thg 12, 2019
How much federal tax do I owe on 45000?
If you are single and a wage earner with an annual salary of \$45,000, your federal income tax liability will be approximately \$4700. Social security and medicare tax will be approximately \$3,400.
How much tax do I pay on 85000 in Australia?
If you make \$85,000 a year living in Australia, you will be taxed \$19,792. That means that your net pay will be \$65,208 per year, or \$5,434 per month. Your average tax rate is 23.3% and your marginal tax rate is 34.5%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
How much tax do I pay on 88000 in Australia?
If you make \$88,000 a year living in Australia, you will be taxed \$20,827. That means that your net pay will be \$67,173 per year, or \$5,598 per month. Your average tax rate is 23.7% and your marginal tax rate is 34.5%.
What is the average tax refund for a single person?
What’s the Average Tax Refund? Average Tax Refund by State State Number of Individual Refunds Issued Amount of Internal Revenue Refunds Issued (thousands of dollars) for Individual Returns California 13,594,848 \$38,130,058 Tennessee 2,515,768 \$7,029,987 North Dakota 288,118 \$801,463 47 hàng khác • 14 thg 2, 2021
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How much federal tax do I owe on 65000?
If you make \$65,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$16,060. That means that your net pay will be \$48,940 per year, or \$4,078 per month. Your average tax rate is 24.7% and your marginal tax rate is 41.1%.
How much tax do I pay on 240000?
Calculation Results: \$240,000.00 \$85,854.56 35.77% Gross Yearly Income Yearly Taxes Effective Tax Rate
How much tax do you pay on 175k?
If you make \$175,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$60,314. That means that your net pay will be \$114,686 per year, or \$9,557 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.5% and your marginal tax rate is 37.7%.
How much tax do I pay on 10000 a year?
If you make \$10,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$885. That means that your net pay will be \$9,115 per year, or \$760 per month. Your average tax rate is 8.9% and your marginal tax rate is 8.9%.
How much is tax in Winnipeg?
There are three types of sales taxes in Canada: PST, GST and HST. … Sales Tax Rates by Province. Province Manitoba GST 5% Total Tax Rate 12% Notes: As of July 1, 2019 the PST rate was reduced from 8% to 7%. 12 cột khác
How much is deducted from paycheck in Winnipeg?
If you make \$52,000 a year living in the region of Manitoba, Canada, you will be taxed \$16,332. That means that your net pay will be \$35,668 per year, or \$2,972 per month. Your average tax rate is 31.4% and your marginal tax rate is 38.4%.
How are taxes calculated in Manitoba?
A salary calculator Manitoba can be used to calculate your net income. … Manitoba Provincial and Federal tax brackets. Manitoba tax bracket Manitoba tax rate first \$33,723 10.80% over \$33,723 up to \$72,885 12.75% over \$72,885 17.40% 21 thg 9, 2021
How do I know how much tax I should pay?
It is crucial to check the tax paid by you during the financial year. You can check the tax paid by you by looking at your Form 26AS. Form 26 AS is your annual tax statement. You can view it on the income tax department’s e-filing website. 10 thg 10, 2020
What is the current tax rate?
There are seven tax brackets for most ordinary income for the 2021 tax year: 10 percent, 12 percent, 22 percent, 24 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent and 37 percent. 4 ngày trước
Is 19000 a good salary UK?
19,000 is a decent amount to live off but everything depends on the situation. If you live at home obviously its a great amount of money to live off with low bills etc. If you live in London and are getting a flat alone it will be a lot more difficult.
What is 20k a year hourly UK?
If you earn £20,000 a year, then after your taxes and national insurance you will take home £17,240 a year, or £1,437 per month as a net salary. Based on a 40 hours work-week, your hourly rate will be £9.63 with your £20,000 salary.
Is 26000 a year a good salary UK?
It’s a very good amount for an 18-year old. I would say that it’s enough to live on if you share a flat in some of the less affluent areas of London (if you live in London) that is furnished and has utilities and council tax included.
What tax will I pay on 26000 pounds?
If your salary is £26,000, then after tax and national insurance you will be left with £21,320. This means that after tax you will take home £1,777 every month, or £410 per week, £82.00 per day, and your hourly rate will be £12.50 if you’re working 40 hours/week.
Is 24k a year a good salary UK?
24k would normally be a decent starting salary for average hours and little to no higher education but in London the cost of living is ridiculously high.
How much is 40k after tax UK?
£30,523 On a £40,000 salary, your take home pay will be £30,523 after tax and National Insurance. This equates to £2,544 per month and £587 per week. If you work 5 days per week, this is £117 per day, or £15 per hour at 40 hours per week.
How much tax do I pay on 23500 a year UK?
If your salary is £23,500, then after tax and national insurance you will be left with £19,620. This means that after tax you will take home £1,635 every month, or £377 per week, £75.40 per day, and your hourly rate will be £11.30 if you’re working 40 hours/week.
How much tax do I pay on 19500 UK?
On a £19,500 salary, your take home pay will be £16,839 after tax and National Insurance. This equates to £1,403 per month and £324 per week. If you work 5 days per week, this is £65 per day, or £8 per hour at 40 hours per week.
How much tax do I pay on 21500 a year UK?
£18,282 On a £21,500 salary, your take home pay will be £18,282 after tax and National Insurance. This equates to £1,524 per month and £352 per week. If you work 5 days per week, this is £70 per day, or £9 per hour at 40 hours per week.
Is 21k a year good?
But 21k for someone just starting work and living at home, it is a decent income. But if you are older ie with a family or looking to settle down, 21k is a low income.
How much do you make if you pay 1 million in taxes?
For instance, if you are single and looking to file taxes on 1 million dollars of earned income in 2020, your income up to \$9,875 is taxed at 10 percent, and income between \$9,876 and \$40,125 is taxed at 12 percent. This continues incrementally up to the highest federal income tax rate of 37 percent.
How can I avoid paying taxes?
If you want to avoid paying taxes, you’ll need to make your tax deductions equal to or greater than your income. For example, using the case where the IRS interactive tax assistant calculated a standard tax deduction of \$24,800 if you and your spouse earned \$24,000 that tax year, you will pay nothing in taxes. 24 thg 3, 2022
What is the tax on 10 million dollars?
35% Federal income tax rates are given below. The company’s taxable income for the year of interest is \$11.0 million. … Income tax rates and calculation of taxes. Taxable income (TI) in \$ Federal Tax Rate (%) Federal Tax (\$) 10 million – 15 million 35 3,400,000 + (35%)(TI – 10 million) 7 hàng khác
Can I give someone a million dollars tax free?
There is no limit to the number of recipients you can give a gift to. There is also a lifetime exemption of \$12.06 million. Even if you gift someone more than \$16,000 in one year, you will not have to pay any gift taxes unless you go over that lifetime gift tax limit. 31 thg 12, 2021
How much money can you give someone if you win lottery?
A big lottery win can leave you millions of pounds better off. So you’re probably thinking bigger than a few thousand pounds to gift to family. Essentially, there is no limit to the amount of lottery winnings you can gift to a family member. 26 thg 11, 2021
How long does it take to get lottery winnings?
If you’re wondering how long do you have to claim a lottery ticket when you win playing Mega Millions or Powerball, you’ll be glad to hear that most states give at least 180 days (excluding New Mexico where a winner has just 90 days) and many states give winners up to a year to collect their prizes.
How much federal tax do I pay?
How we got here Tax rate Taxable income bracket Tax owed 10% \$0 to \$14,200 10% of taxable income 12% \$14,201 to \$54,200 \$1,420 plus 12% of the amount over \$14,200 22% \$54,201 to \$86,350 \$6,220 plus 22% of the amount over \$54,200 24% \$86,351 to \$164,900 \$13,293 plus 24% of the amount over \$86,350 3 hàng khác
What is the federal tax rate for 2021?
2021 federal income tax brackets Tax rate Taxable income bracket Tax owed 10% \$0 to \$9,950 10% of taxable income 12% \$9,951 to \$40,525 \$995 plus 12% of the amount over \$9,950 22% \$40,526 to \$86,375 \$4,664 plus 22% of the amount over \$40,525 24% \$86,376 to \$164,925 \$14,751 plus 24% of the amount over \$86,375 3 hàng khác • 2 thg 3, 2022
How much is \$38 an hour annually?
\$76,000 Comparison Table Of \$38 An Hour \$38 An Hour Total Income Yearly (50 weeks) \$76,000 Yearly (262 Work Days) \$79,648 Monthly (175 Hours) \$6,650 Weekly (40 Hours) \$1,520 3 hàng khác • 30 thg 3, 2019
What salary is upper class?
Those who earn more than \$373,894 are rich. … What Is a Middle-Class Income? Income group Income Lower-middle class \$32,048 – \$53,413 Middle class \$53,413 – \$106,827 Upper-middle class \$106,827 – \$373,894 2 hàng khác
How much taxes do you pay on \$35000?
If you make \$35,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$6,366. That means that your net pay will be \$28,634 per year, or \$2,386 per month. Your average tax rate is 18.2% and your marginal tax rate is 26.1%.
What is the federal tax rate for \$150 000?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$37,648. Your average tax rate is 18.01% and your marginal tax rate is 24%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
How much federal income tax do I pay on \$200000?
If you make \$200,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$70,935. That means that your net pay will be \$129,065 per year, or \$10,755 per month. Your average tax rate is 35.5% and your marginal tax rate is 46.9%.
Will I get a tax refund if I made less than \$10 000?
If you earn less than \$10,000 per year, you don’t have to file a tax return. However, you won’t receive an Earned-Income Tax Credit refund unless you do file.
What income is tax free?
Individuals with Net taxable income less than or equal to Rs 5 lakh will be eligible for tax rebate u/s 87A i.e tax liability will be nil of such individual in both – New and old/existing tax regimes. Basic exemption limit for NRIs is of Rs 2.5 Lakh irrespective of age.
How much will I owe in taxes if I made 30000?
If you are single and a wage earner with an annual salary of \$30,000, your federal income tax liability will be approximately \$2,500. Social security and medicare tax will be approximately \$2,300. Depending on your state, additional taxes my apply.
How much taxes do you pay on 36000?
If you make \$36,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$6,627. That means that your net pay will be \$29,373 per year, or \$2,448 per month. Your average tax rate is 18.4% and your marginal tax rate is 26.1%.
What is the federal tax on \$1500?
Multiply 6.2 percent times your gross pay. For example, if gross pay is \$1,500, multiply \$1,500 by . 062 and you get \$93. There is a cap on annual earnings subject to Social Security tax, which was \$118,500 in 2015.
How much is \$300 after taxes?
\$300 a month after tax is \$300 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$300.00 a month after tax breaks down into \$3,600 annually, \$69.00 weekly, \$13.80 daily, \$1.73 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much is \$1000 after taxes?
\$1,000 after tax is \$1,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$1,000 after tax breaks down into \$83.33 monthly, \$19.17 weekly, \$3.83 daily, \$0.48 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
What is \$1200 after taxes?
\$1,200 after tax is \$1,200 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$1,200 after tax breaks down into \$100.00 monthly, \$23.00 weekly, \$4.60 daily, \$0.58 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much do I pay in taxes if I make 1000 a week?
Each week, you’ll have Social Security and Medicare taxes (FICA) deducted from your paycheck. You will pay 7.65 percent of your gross pay to cover this amount. If you earn \$1,000 per week in gross pay, you’ll pay \$1,000 X . 765, or \$76.50 per week toward FICA.
What is \$700 after taxes?
\$700 a month after tax is \$700 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$700.00 a month after tax breaks down into \$8,400 annually, \$160.99 weekly, \$32.20 daily, \$4.03 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much is 4000 a month annually?
\$4,000 a month is how much per year? If you make \$4,000 per month, your Yearly salary would be \$48,000. This result is obtained by multiplying your base salary by the amount of hours, week, and months you work in a year, assuming you work 37.5 hours a week. How much tax do I pay if I make \$4,000 per month?
How much is \$2000 after taxes?
\$2,000 after tax is \$2,000 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$2,000 after tax breaks down into \$166.67 monthly, \$38.33 weekly, \$7.67 daily, \$0.96 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much tax do you pay on \$5000?
The 10% rate applies to income from \$1 to \$10,000; the 20% rate applies to income from \$10,001 to \$20,000; and the 30% rate applies to all income above \$20,000. Under this system, someone earning \$10,000 is taxed at 10%, paying a total of \$1,000. Someone earning \$5,000 pays \$500, and so on.
How much do you pay in taxes if you make 500000?
If you make \$500,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$216,666. That means that your net pay will be \$283,334 per year, or \$23,611 per month. Your average tax rate is 43.3% and your marginal tax rate is 51.1%.
How much federal taxes do I owe on \$50000?
So if you make \$50,000 in earnings, that means you’ll pay a total of \$7,975 in taxes. That’s the \$987.50 from the first tax bracket, the \$4,815 in the second tax bracket, and the \$9,875 you made being taxed at the 22 percent bracket, for another \$2,172 in taxes. 7 thg 12, 2019
How much tax do I pay on \$250000?
Calculation Results: \$250,000.00 \$90,519.56 36.21% Gross Yearly Income Yearly Taxes Effective Tax Rate
How much is 1600 after taxes?
\$1,600 after tax is \$1,600 NET salary (annually) based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$1,600 after tax breaks down into \$133.33 monthly, \$30.66 weekly, \$6.13 daily, \$0.77 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
Why do I get taxed so much on my paycheck 2021?
Common causes include a marriage, divorce, birth of a child, or home purchase during the year. If it looks like your 2021 tax withholding is going to be too high or too low because of one of these or some other reason, you can submit a new Form W-4 now to increase or decrease your withholding for the rest of the year. 28 thg 10, 2021
How much is 480 after taxes?
\$480 a month after tax is \$480 NET salary based on 2022 tax year calculation. \$480.00 a month after tax breaks down into \$5,760 annually, \$110.39 weekly, \$22.08 daily, \$2.76 hourly NET salary if you’re working 40 hours per week.
How much tax will be deducted from my salary?
How do I calculate TDS on my salary? Income Tax Slabs TDS Deductions Tax Payable Up to Rs.2.5 lakhs Nil Nil Rs.2.5 lakhs to Rs.5 lakhs 10% of(Rs.5,00,00-Rs.2,50,00 Rs.25,000 Rs.5 lakhs to Rs.6.33 lakhs 20% of(Rs.6,33,00-Rs.5,00,00) Rs.26,600
How much do I make monthly before taxes?
It’s not difficult to calculate your gross monthly income before being taxed. It’s the amount of money you bring in before your deductions and taxes. Therefore, all you need to do to determine your gross monthly income is divide the total salary you receive per year by 12.
How much should I pay in taxes if I make 60000?
If you make \$60,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$14,053. That means that your net pay will be \$45,947 per year, or \$3,829 per month. Your average tax rate is 23.4% and your marginal tax rate is 40.2%.
Is 40k a year good?
A salary of \$40k a year is considered a little below average, but it doesn’t mean that it isn’t enough to live. Most people can perfectly live their lives with a \$40k year salary, but they have to make significant adjustments to their budget if they want to make it work.
How much tax do I pay on 120k?
32.5% Current Tax Thresholds 2021-2022 Income range Tax Rate \$18,201 – \$45,000 19.0% \$45,001 – \$120,000 32.5% \$120,001 – \$180,000 37.0% \$180,001 – + 45.0% 1 hàng khác
What is the tax rate on 240000?
Calculation Results: \$240,000.00 \$85,854.56 35.77% Gross Yearly Income Yearly Taxes Effective Tax Rate
What is the tax rate on 2 million dollars?
Once you make \$2 million, average tax rates start to decrease. The average tax rate peaks at 25.1 percent for those making between \$1.5 million and \$2 million. After that it starts to go down, and falls to 20.7 percent for those making \$10 million or more. 23 thg 11, 2012
What do I owe in taxes if I made \$100000?
For example, in 2021, a single filer with taxable income of \$100,000 will pay \$18,021 in tax, or an average tax rate of 18%. But your marginal tax rate or tax bracket is actually 24%.
How much tax do I pay on 73000 in Australia?
If you make \$73,000 a year living in Australia, you will be taxed \$15,652. That means that your net pay will be \$57,348 per year, or \$4,779 per month. Your average tax rate is 21.4% and your marginal tax rate is 34.5%.
How much tax do I pay on 75000 in Australia?
If you make \$75,000 a year living in Australia, you will be taxed \$16,342. That means that your net pay will be \$58,658 per year, or \$4,888 per month. Your average tax rate is 21.8% and your marginal tax rate is 34.5%. This marginal tax rate means that your immediate additional income will be taxed at this rate.
How much tax do I pay on 80000 in Australia?
If you make \$80,000 a year living in Australia, you will be taxed \$18,067. That means that your net pay will be \$61,933 per year, or \$5,161 per month. Your average tax rate is 22.6% and your marginal tax rate is 34.5%.
How do u calculate tax?
Sales Tax Calculations: Sales Tax Amount = Net Price x (Sales Tax Percentage / 100) Total Price = Net Price + Sales Tax Amount.
What percentage of income tax do I pay?
The U.S. currently has seven federal income tax brackets, with rates of 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. If you’re one of the lucky few to earn enough to fall into the 37% bracket, that doesn’t mean that the entirety of your taxable income will be subject to a 37% tax. Instead, 37% is your top marginal tax rate. 3 thg 1, 2022
How do I calculate my self employment tax?
As noted, the self-employment tax rate is 15.3% of net earnings. That rate is the sum of a 12.4% Social Security tax and a 2.9% Medicare tax on net earnings. Self-employment tax is not the same as income tax. For the 2021 tax year, the first \$142,800 of earnings is subject to the Social Security portion.
Is a salary of 80K good?
Depending on the size of your family, \$80,000 can comfortably cover living expenses and beyond. According to the U.S census as of 2020, the median salary for a four-person household is \$68,400 per year, making 80K a substantially higher income than that of the average American. 8 thg 3, 2021
Will I get less back in taxes in 2021?
Many will be getting smaller-than-expected refunds, tax preparers say. Under the American Rescue Plan passed last year, two types of payments ended up in many folks’ mailboxes or bank accounts: The 2021 tax credit was enhanced and paid partially in advance to 36 million families. 19 thg 2, 2022
Why do I still owe taxes after claiming 0?
I am sorry that you still owe tax even after significant tax throughout the year. However, if the return is correct, and the tax is due there is no recourse, unfortunately, as your employer isn’t liable in a situation such as this. Even if tax is under withheld, it is still the obligation of the taxpayer to pay it. 31 thg 5, 2019
What is the 2022 tax credit?
20 popular tax deductions and tax credits for individuals Child tax credit. … Child and dependent care tax credit. … American opportunity tax credit. … Lifetime learning credit. … Student loan interest deduction. … Adoption credit. … Earned income tax credit. … Charitable donations deduction. Mục khác…
What is the tax rate for 1099 income 2020?
15.3% The self-employment tax rate is 15.3%.
Is it better to be paid W2 or 1099?
1099 contractors have a lot more freedom than their W2 peers, and thanks to a 2017 corporate tax bill, they are allowed significant additional tax deductions from what is called a 20% pass-through deduction. However, they often receive fewer benefits and have far more tenuous employment status with their organization.
How much can I make on a 1099 before I have to file taxes?
\$600 or When you provide \$600 or more in services to a client, that client is usually required to report your earnings by issuing Form 1099-NEC. 17 thg 2, 2022
Do I have to file taxes on a 1099?
Whether you receive all of your 1099 forms or not, taxpayers are required to report the income when they file their taxes. Taxpayers do not need to send their 1099 forms to the IRS when filing but should report any errors on their 1099s.
What happens if you don’t file a 1099?
If the 1099 that you forgot to file is for income you received through self-employment, and you earned \$400 or more from self-employment during the year, you will also need to update or file Schedule SE with your Form 1040, which lists your income subject to self-employment tax. 21 thg 1, 2022
How do you pay taxes on 1099?
The IRS taxes 1099 contractors as self-employed. And, if you made more than \$400, you need to pay self-employment tax. Self-employment taxes include Medicare and Social Security taxes, and they total 15.3% of the net profit on your earnings as a contractor (not your total taxable income). 15 thg 10, 2021
Am I self-employed if I get a 1099?
Key Takeaways. If you’re a 1099 contractor, then you’re self-employed. As a 1099 contractor, you’re typically responsible for quarterly and annual taxes.
How do I avoid paying taxes on a 1099-MISC?
Legal methods you can use to avoid paying taxes include things such as tax-advantaged accounts (401(k)s and IRAs), as well as claiming 1099 deductions and tax credits. Being a freelancer or an independent contractor comes with various 1099 benefits, such as the freedom to set your own hours and be your own boss.
How much federal tax do I pay on \$48000?
If you make \$48,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$9,868. That means that your net pay will be \$38,132 per year, or \$3,178 per month. Your average tax rate is 20.6% and your marginal tax rate is 27.5%.
How much federal tax do I pay on \$95000?
If you make \$95,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$19,411. Your average tax rate is 14.62% and your marginal tax rate is 22%.
What is the federal tax on \$19000?
If you make \$19,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$2,545. That means that your net pay will be \$16,455 per year, or \$1,371 per month. Your average tax rate is 13.4% and your marginal tax rate is 21.1%.
How much is tax usually?
The average tax rate for taxpayers who earn over \$1,000,000 is 33.1 percent. For those who make between \$10,000 and \$20,000 the average total tax rate is 0.4 percent. (The average tax rate for those in the lowest income tax bracket is 10.6 percent, higher than each group between \$10,000 and \$40,000. 14 thg 4, 2015
How much tax do I pay on 96000 in Canada?
If you make \$96,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$28,469. That means that your net pay will be \$67,531 per year, or \$5,628 per month. Your average tax rate is 29.7% and your marginal tax rate is 37.9%.
Is 95 000 a year a good salary?
“We found that the ideal income point is \$95,000 for life evaluation and \$60,000 to \$75,000 for emotional well-being” for an individual, Jebb told Purdue, and more for a family. 28 thg 2, 2018
How much tax do you pay on 100k in Canada?
If you make \$100,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$29,986. That means that your net pay will be \$70,014 per year, or \$5,835 per month. Your average tax rate is 30.0% and your marginal tax rate is 43.2%.
How much tax do I pay on 120k in Canada?
If you make \$120,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$38,647. That means that your net pay will be \$81,353 per year, or \$6,779 per month. Your average tax rate is 32.2% and your marginal tax rate is 43.4%.
How much tax do I pay on 150000 in Ontario?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$51,669. That means that your net pay will be \$98,331 per year, or \$8,194 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.5% and your marginal tax rate is 46.3%.
How much tax do I pay in Ontario calculator?
Ontario Provincial and Federal tax brackets Ontario tax bracket Ontario tax rate over \$45,142 up to \$90,287 9.15% over \$90,287 up to \$150,000 11.16% over \$150,000 up to \$220,000 12.16% over \$220,000 13.16% 1 hàng khác • 21 thg 9, 2021
How much tax do I pay on 43000 in Canada?
If you make \$43,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$11,222. That means that your net pay will be \$31,778 per year, or \$2,648 per month. Your average tax rate is 26.1% and your marginal tax rate is 25.9%.
How do you calculate line 42000?
To calculate your credit, use the lesser of the following two amounts for each province in which you had a logging operation: 66.6667% of the logging tax paid for the year to the province. 6.6667% of your net logging income for the year in the province. 18 thg 1, 2022
How much tax do I pay on 42000 in Ontario?
Income tax calculator Ontario If you make \$42,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$10,963. That means that your net pay will be \$31,037 per year, or \$2,586 per month. Your average tax rate is 26.1% and your marginal tax rate is 25.9%.
How much income tax do I pay on 45000 in Ontario?
If you make \$45,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$11,739. That means that your net pay will be \$33,261 per year, or \$2,772 per month. Your average tax rate is 26.1% and your marginal tax rate is 32.0%.
How much do you get taxed if you make 500k?
If you make \$500,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$216,666. That means that your net pay will be \$283,334 per year, or \$23,611 per month. Your average tax rate is 43.3% and your marginal tax rate is 51.1%.
How much tax do I pay on 400000 in Canada?
If you make \$40,000 a year living in the region of Ontario, Canada, you will be taxed \$10,446. That means that your net pay will be \$29,554 per year, or \$2,463 per month.
Is 120k a good salary?
An annual salary of \$120,000 would sound like a pretty good deal anywhere around the world. But that may not always be the case in Silicon Valley, where soaring rent prices and its brutal cost of living make \$120,000 look almost average — even though it’s more than double the US median household income. 19 thg 6, 2016
What house can I afford on 120k a year?
With that 28/36 rule in mind, someone with \$120,000 yearly income could spend up to \$33,600 per year on a mortgage. Assuming a 30-year fixed mortgage, a homeowner following the 28/36 rule could feasibly pay off a \$1 million home with a \$33,600 yearly commitment. 9 thg 8, 2021
What’s the tax bracket for 2021?
How We Make Money Tax rate Single Married filing jointly or qualifying widow 10% \$0 to \$9,950 \$0 to \$19,900 12% \$9,951 to \$40,525 \$19,901 to \$81,050 22% \$40,526 to \$86,375 \$81,051 to \$172,750 24% \$86,376 to \$164,925 \$172,751 to \$329,850 4 hàng khác • 4 ngày trước
What are federal taxes on 125000?
If you make \$125,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$41,220. That means that your net pay will be \$83,780 per year, or \$6,982 per month. Your average tax rate is 33.0% and your marginal tax rate is 42.9%.
How much taxes do you pay on \$160000?
If you make \$160,000 a year living in the region of California, USA, you will be taxed \$54,861. That means that your net pay will be \$105,139 per year, or \$8,762 per month. Your average tax rate is 34.3% and your marginal tax rate is 35.7%.
How to get a bank account with a CPN Method / Sauce (Easy Bank Drop )
How to get a bank account with a CPN Method / Sauce (Easy Bank Drop )
How much is 150k after taxes in NYC?
If you make \$150,000 a year living in the region of New York, USA, you will be taxed \$47,610. That means that your net pay will be \$102,390 per year, or \$8,532 per month. Your average tax rate is 31.7% and your marginal tax rate is 33.3%.
What are the Ontario tax brackets?
Ontario: 5.05% on the first \$45,142 of taxable income. 9.15% on portion of taxable income over \$45,142 up-to \$90,287. 11.16% on portion of taxable income over \$90,287 up-to \$150,000. 12.16% on portion of taxable income over \$150,000 up-to \$220,000. 13.16% on portion of taxable income over \$220,000.
Is PST a value added tax?
Value added tax (VAT), called a goods and services tax (GST). This is assessed by the federal government. Provincial sales tax (PST). This is assessed by provincial governments.
How much is HST Ontario?
13% The Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) is 13% in Ontario. Ontario provides relief on the 8% provincial portion of the HST on specific items through a point of sale rebate. 17 thg 10, 2018
How is HST calculated in Ontario?
Calculating sales tax in Ontario is easy. Ontario applies 13% HST to most purchases, meaning a 13% total sales tax rate. HST stands for Harmonized Sales Tax. It is essentially the General Sales Tax and a Provincial Sales Tax rolled into one. … What taxes does Ontario apply? HST HST 13% 2 hàng khác • 5 thg 1, 2022
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# 25477079916
## 25,477,079,916 is an even composite number composed of five prime numbers multiplied together.
What does the number 25477079916 look like?
This visualization shows the relationship between its 5 prime factors (large circles) and 48 divisors.
25477079916 is an even composite number. It is composed of five distinct prime numbers multiplied together. It has a total of forty-eight divisors.
## Prime factorization of 25477079916:
### 22 × 3 × 101 × 2789 × 7537
(2 × 2 × 3 × 101 × 2789 × 7537)
See below for interesting mathematical facts about the number 25477079916 from the Numbermatics database.
### Names of 25477079916
• Cardinal: 25477079916 can be written as Twenty-five billion, four hundred seventy-seven million, seventy-nine thousand, nine hundred sixteen.
### Scientific notation
• Scientific notation: 2.5477079916 × 1010
### Factors of 25477079916
• Number of distinct prime factors ω(n): 5
• Total number of prime factors Ω(n): 6
• Sum of prime factors: 10432
### Divisors of 25477079916
• Number of divisors d(n): 48
• Complete list of divisors:
• Sum of all divisors σ(n): 60064593120
• Sum of proper divisors (its aliquot sum) s(n): 34587513204
• 25477079916 is an abundant number, because the sum of its proper divisors (34587513204) is greater than itself. Its abundance is 9110433288
### Bases of 25477079916
• Binary: 101111011101000110101100011011011002
• Base-36: BPCE8OC
### Squares and roots of 25477079916
• 25477079916 squared (254770799162) is 649081601046250567056
• 25477079916 cubed (254770799163) is 16536703821860554909046028847296
• The square root of 25477079916 is 159615.4125264851
• The cube root of 25477079916 is 2942.5005303337
### Scales and comparisons
How big is 25477079916?
• 25,477,079,916 seconds is equal to 810 years, 4 weeks, 5 days, 14 hours, 38 minutes, 36 seconds.
• To count from 1 to 25,477,079,916 would take you about one thousand, six hundred twenty years!
This is a very rough estimate, based on a speaking rate of half a second every third order of magnitude. If you speak quickly, you could probably say any randomly-chosen number between one and a thousand in around half a second. Very big numbers obviously take longer to say, so we add half a second for every extra x1000. (We do not count involuntary pauses, bathroom breaks or the necessity of sleep in our calculation!)
• A cube with a volume of 25477079916 cubic inches would be around 245.2 feet tall.
### Recreational maths with 25477079916
• 25477079916 backwards is 61997077452
• The number of decimal digits it has is: 11
• The sum of 25477079916's digits is 57
• More coming soon!
| 759
| 2,649
|
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| 3.21875
| 3
|
CC-MAIN-2021-31
|
latest
|
en
| 0.75961
|
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