This dataset contains real-time blockchain data from the COINjecture Network, a proof-of-useful-work (PoUW) blockchain that uses NP-complete problems for consensus. This is a unified, continuous dataset that includes all problem types (SubsetSum, SAT, TSP, Custom) and consensus blocks in a single repository for comprehensive analysis.

Dataset Summary

The COINjecture Network is a blockchain that replaces traditional proof-of-work mining with solving useful computational problems. This unified dataset captures:

Problem Submissions: NP-complete problems (SubsetSum, SAT, TSP, Custom) submitted to the network
Solution Submissions: Solutions to problems with verification metrics
Consensus Blocks: Complete block data including transactions, PoUW metrics, and energy measurements

All problem types are stored in a single continuous dataset (COINjecture/NP_Solutions) to enable cross-problem-type analysis and unified research workflows.

Supported Tasks

Research: Study of NP-complete problem solving performance
Energy Analysis: Energy consumption patterns in computational problem solving
Blockchain Analytics: Consensus mechanism performance and transparency metrics
Machine Learning: Training models on problem-solution pairs

Languages

English (problem descriptions and metadata)

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

Each record in the dataset represents either:

A problem submission (when a problem is submitted to the network)
A solution submission (when a solution is verified)
A consensus block (complete block data with all transactions)

Data Fields

Field	Type	Description
PRIMARY CONTENT
`problem_id`	string	Unique identifier for the problem
`problem_type`	string	Type of problem: "SubsetSum", "SAT", "TSP", "Custom", or "Private"
`problem_data`	object	Complete problem data (JSON object)
`solution_data`	object (optional)	Solution data with normalized structure
IDENTIFIERS
`block_height`	int64	Block height when the record was created
`timestamp`	int64	Unix timestamp
`submitter`	string (optional)	Address of the problem submitter (hex encoded)
`solver`	string (optional)	Address of the solution solver (hex encoded)
PERFORMANCE METRICS
`problem_complexity`	float64	Complexity score of the problem
`bounty`	string	Bounty amount in native tokens (serialized as string to avoid JSON precision loss)
`work_score`	float64 (optional)	Work score calculated for the solution
`solution_quality`	float64 (optional)	Quality score of the solution
ASYMMETRY METRICS
`time_asymmetry`	float64 (optional)	Ratio of solve_time / verify_time
`space_asymmetry`	float64 (optional)	Memory asymmetry metric
`energy_asymmetry`	float64 (optional)	Energy asymmetry ratio
ENERGY MEASUREMENTS
`solve_energy_joules`	float64 (optional)	Energy consumed during solving (joules)
`verify_energy_joules`	float64 (optional)	Energy consumed during verification (joules)
`total_energy_joules`	float64 (optional)	Total energy consumption (joules)
`energy_per_operation`	float64 (optional)	Energy per operation estimate
`energy_efficiency`	float64 (optional)	Energy efficiency metric
METADATA
`status`	string	Status: "Pending", "Solved", "Mined", "Validated", etc.
`submission_mode`	string	Submission mode: "public", "private", or "mining"
`energy_measurement_method`	string	Method used: "rapl", "powermetrics", or "estimate"
DATA PROVENANCE
`metrics_source`	string	Source of metrics: "block_header_actual", "measured_marketplace", "estimated", or "not_applicable"
`measurement_confidence`	string	Confidence level: "high" (from header), "medium" (proxy/measured), "low" (estimate), or "not_applicable"
`data_version`	string	Dataset schema version: "v2.0" (institutional-grade with actual metrics)

Solution Data Structure

Solutions are normalized to a consistent structure to avoid schema conflicts:

{
  "type": "SubsetSum" | "SAT" | "TSP" | "Custom",
  "data": <normalized data>
}

SubsetSum: data is an array of indices (numbers)
SAT: data is an array of 0/1 values (normalized from booleans)
TSP: data is an array representing the tour (numbers)
Custom: data is a base64-encoded string

Problem Data Structure

For consensus blocks, problem_data contains comprehensive block information:

{
  "height": <block_height>,
  "miner": <miner_address>,
  "transactions": [...],
  "solution_reveal": {
    "problem": {...},
    "solution": {
      "type": "...",
      "data": [...]
    },
    "commitment_hash": "...",
    "problem_hash": "..."
  },
  "solve_time_us": <time_in_microseconds>,
  "verify_time_us": <time_in_microseconds>,
  "energy_estimate_joules": <energy>,
  ...
}

Dataset Creation

Source Data

Data is collected in real-time from running COINjecture Network nodes. Each node pushes records to this dataset when:

A problem is submitted via transaction
A solution is submitted and verified
A consensus block is mined or validated

Data Collection Process

Problem Submission: When a problem transaction is processed, a record is created with problem data
Solution Submission: When a solution is verified, metrics are calculated and a record is created
Consensus Blocks: Complete block data is recorded for transparency and analysis

Data Preprocessing

Solutions are normalized to consistent schema (see Solution Data Structure)
Energy measurements use multiple methods (RAPL, powermetrics, or estimation)
Addresses are hex-encoded for consistency
Timestamps are Unix epoch seconds
Large integers (u128) are serialized as strings to avoid JSON precision loss
All problem types are unified in a single continuous dataset for cross-problem analysis

Dataset Statistics

Total Records: Growing in real-time (unified dataset with all problem types)
Update Frequency: Real-time (buffered, flushed when 10 total records accumulated across all problem types)
Data Format: JSONL (newline-delimited JSON)
Storage Location: /data/ directory in the repository
Problem Types: SubsetSum, SAT, TSP, Custom, Private (all in one dataset)
Data Quality: v2.0 institutional-grade with actual block header metrics when available

Considerations for Using the Data

Ethical Considerations

All data is from public blockchain transactions
Addresses are included only if explicitly enabled (privacy option)
No personally identifiable information is collected

Licensing

This dataset is released under the MIT License.

Citation Information

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

@dataset{coinjecture_np_solutions,
  title={COINjecture NP Solutions Dataset},
  author={COINjecture Network},
  year={2024},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/COINjecture/NP_Solutions}
}

Dataset Access

Using Hugging Face Datasets

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load the dataset
dataset = load_dataset("COINjecture/NP_Solutions", split="train")

# Access records
for record in dataset:
    print(record["problem_id"])
    print(record["problem_data"])

Direct File Access

The raw JSONL files are available in the /data/ directory:

Files are named data_<timestamp>.jsonl
Each line is a complete JSON record
Files can be processed with standard JSONL tools

API Access

The dataset is accessible via the Hugging Face API:

Dataset viewer: https://huggingface.co/datasets/COINjecture/NP_Solutions
API endpoint: https://huggingface.co/api/datasets/COINjecture/NP_Solutions

Additional Information

Energy Measurement Methods

RAPL (Linux): Intel/AMD Running Average Power Limit counters
powermetrics (macOS): macOS powermetrics tool
estimate: CPU TDP-based estimation (fallback, works everywhere)

Problem Types

SubsetSum: Find a subset of numbers that sum to a target
SAT: Boolean satisfiability problem
TSP: Traveling Salesman Problem
Custom: Arbitrary problem data (base64 encoded)

Performance Metrics

Time Asymmetry: Measures how much harder solving is than verifying
Space Asymmetry: Memory usage differences
Energy Asymmetry: Energy consumption differences
Energy Efficiency: Work performed per unit of energy

Contact

For questions or issues:

Dataset repository: https://huggingface.co/datasets/COINjecture/NP_Solutions
Open a discussion on the dataset page

Changelog

2025-11-23

Unified Dataset: Consolidated all problem types (SubsetSum, SAT, TSP, Custom) into a single continuous dataset
Schema Fix: Fixed u128 bounty serialization (now serialized as string to avoid JSON precision loss)
Data Provenance: Added institutional-grade data provenance fields (metrics_source, measurement_confidence, data_version)
Unified Buffer: Changed from per-problem-type buffers to unified buffer that flushes all types together
Enhanced Metrics: All consensus blocks now include actual block header metrics (high confidence)

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