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q267800
DataFrame.add_virtual_columns_spherical_to_cartesian
test
def add_virtual_columns_spherical_to_cartesian(self, alpha, delta, distance, xname="x", yname="y", zname="z", propagate_uncertainties=False, center=[0, 0, 0], center_name="solar_position", radians=False): """Convert spherical to cartesian coordinates. :param alpha: :param delta: polar angle, ranging from the -90 (south pole) to 90 (north pole) :param distance: radial distance, determines the units of x, y and z :param xname: :param yname: :param zname: :param propagate_uncertainties: {propagate_uncertainties} :param center: :param center_name: :param radians: :return: """ alpha = self._expr(alpha) delta = self._expr(delta) distance = self._expr(distance) if not radians: alpha = alpha * self._expr('pi')/180 delta = delta * self._expr('pi')/180 # TODO: use sth like .optimize by default to get rid of the +0 ?
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267801
DataFrame.add_virtual_columns_cartesian_to_spherical
test
def add_virtual_columns_cartesian_to_spherical(self, x="x", y="y", z="z", alpha="l", delta="b", distance="distance", radians=False, center=None, center_name="solar_position"): """Convert cartesian to spherical coordinates. :param x: :param y: :param z: :param alpha: :param delta: name for polar angle, ranges from -90 to 90 (or -pi to pi when radians is True). :param distance: :param radians: :param center: :param center_name: :return: """ transform = "" if radians else "*180./pi"
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267802
DataFrame.add_virtual_column
test
def add_virtual_column(self, name, expression, unique=False): """Add a virtual column to the DataFrame. Example: >>> df.add_virtual_column("r", "sqrt(x**2 + y**2 + z**2)") >>> df.select("r < 10") :param: str name: name of virtual column :param: expression: expression for the column :param str unique: if name is already used, make it unique by adding a postfix, e.g. _1, or _2 """ type = "change" if name in self.virtual_columns else "add" expression = _ensure_string_from_expression(expression) if name in self.get_column_names(virtual=False): renamed = '__' +vaex.utils.find_valid_name(name, used=self.get_column_names())
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267803
DataFrame.delete_virtual_column
test
def delete_virtual_column(self, name): """Deletes a virtual column from a
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267804
DataFrame.add_variable
test
def add_variable(self, name, expression, overwrite=True, unique=True): """Add a variable to to a DataFrame. A variable may refer to other variables, and virtual columns and expression may refer to variables. Example >>> df.add_variable('center', 0) >>> df.add_virtual_column('x_prime', 'x-center') >>> df.select('x_prime < 0') :param: str name: name of virtual varible :param: expression: expression for the variable """ if unique or overwrite or name not in self.variables: existing_names = self.get_column_names(virtual=False)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267805
DataFrame.delete_variable
test
def delete_variable(self, name): """Deletes a variable from a DataFrame.""" del self.variables[name]
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267806
DataFrame.tail
test
def tail(self, n=10): """Return a shallow copy a DataFrame with the last n rows.""" N = len(self)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267807
DataFrame.head_and_tail_print
test
def head_and_tail_print(self, n=5): """Display the first and last n elements of a DataFrame.""" from IPython import display
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267808
DataFrame.describe
test
def describe(self, strings=True, virtual=True, selection=None): """Give a description of the DataFrame. >>> import vaex >>> df = vaex.example()[['x', 'y', 'z']] >>> df.describe() x y z dtype float64 float64 float64 count 330000 330000 330000 missing 0 0 0 mean -0.0671315 -0.0535899 0.0169582 std 7.31746 7.78605 5.05521 min -128.294 -71.5524 -44.3342 max 271.366 146.466 50.7185 >>> df.describe(selection=df.x > 0) x y z dtype float64 float64 float64 count 164060 164060 164060 missing 165940 165940 165940 mean 5.13572 -0.486786 -0.0868073 std 5.18701 7.61621 5.02831 min 1.51635e-05 -71.5524 -44.3342 max 271.366 78.0724 40.2191 :param bool strings: Describe string columns or not :param bool virtual: Describe virtual columns or not :param selection: Optional selection to use. :return: Pandas dataframe """ import pandas as pd N = len(self) columns = {} for feature in self.get_column_names(strings=strings, virtual=virtual)[:]: dtype =
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267809
DataFrame.cat
test
def cat(self, i1, i2, format='html'): """Display the DataFrame from row i1 till i2 For format, see https://pypi.org/project/tabulate/ :param int i1: Start row :param int i2: End row. :param str format: Format to use, e.g. 'html', 'plain', 'latex' """ from IPython import display
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267810
DataFrame.set_current_row
test
def set_current_row(self, value): """Set the current row, and emit the signal signal_pick.""" if (value is not None) and ((value < 0) or (value >= len(self))):
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267811
DataFrame.get_column_names
test
def get_column_names(self, virtual=True, strings=True, hidden=False, regex=None): """Return a list of column names Example: >>> import vaex >>> df = vaex.from_scalars(x=1, x2=2, y=3, s='string') >>> df['r'] = (df.x**2 + df.y**2)**2 >>> df.get_column_names() ['x', 'x2', 'y', 's', 'r'] >>> df.get_column_names(virtual=False) ['x', 'x2', 'y', 's'] >>> df.get_column_names(regex='x.*') ['x', 'x2'] :param virtual: If False, skip virtual columns :param hidden: If False, skip hidden columns :param strings: If False, skip string columns :param regex: Only return column names matching the (optional) regular expression :rtype: list of str Example: >>> import vaex >>> df = vaex.from_scalars(x=1, x2=2, y=3, s='string') >>> df['r'] = (df.x**2 + df.y**2)**2 >>> df.get_column_names() ['x', 'x2', 'y', 's', 'r'] >>> df.get_column_names(virtual=False) ['x', 'x2', 'y', 's'] >>> df.get_column_names(regex='x.*') ['x', 'x2'] """
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267812
DataFrame.trim
test
def trim(self, inplace=False): '''Return a DataFrame, where all columns are 'trimmed' by the active range. For the returned DataFrame, df.get_active_range() returns (0, df.length_original()). {note_copy} :param inplace: {inplace} :rtype: DataFrame ''' df = self if inplace else self.copy() for name in df: column = df.columns.get(name) if column is not None:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267813
DataFrame.take
test
def take(self, indices): '''Returns a DataFrame containing only rows indexed by indices {note_copy} Example: >>> import vaex, numpy as np >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(s=np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']), x=np.arange(1,5)) >>> df.take([0,2]) # s x 0 a 1 1 c 3 :param indices: sequence (list or numpy array) with row numbers :return: DataFrame which is a shallow copy of the original data. :rtype: DataFrame ''' df = self.copy() # if the columns in ds already have a ColumnIndex # we could do, direct_indices = df.column['bla'].indices[indices] # which should be shared among multiple ColumnIndex'es, so we store # them in this dict direct_indices_map = {} indices = np.array(indices) for name in df: column = df.columns.get(name) if column is not None: # we optimize this somewhere, so we don't do multiple # levels of indirection if isinstance(column, ColumnIndexed):
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267814
DataFrame.extract
test
def extract(self): '''Return a DataFrame containing only the filtered rows. {note_copy} The resulting DataFrame may be more efficient to work with when the original DataFrame is heavily filtered (contains just a small number of rows). If no filtering is applied, it returns a trimmed view. For the returned df, len(df) == df.length_original() == df.length_unfiltered()
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267815
DataFrame.sample
test
def sample(self, n=None, frac=None, replace=False, weights=None, random_state=None): '''Returns a DataFrame with a random set of rows {note_copy} Provide either n or frac. Example: >>> import vaex, numpy as np >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(s=np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']), x=np.arange(1,5)) >>> df # s x 0 a 1 1 b 2 2 c 3 3 d 4 >>> df.sample(n=2, random_state=42) # 2 random rows, fixed seed # s x 0 b 2 1 d 4 >>> df.sample(frac=1, random_state=42) # 'shuffling' # s x 0 c 3 1 a 1 2 d 4 3 b 2 >>> df.sample(frac=1, replace=True, random_state=42) # useful for bootstrap (may contain repeated samples) # s x 0 d 4 1 a 1 2 a 1 3 d 4 :param int n: number of samples to take (default 1 if frac is None) :param float frac: fractional number of takes to take
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267816
DataFrame.split_random
test
def split_random(self, frac, random_state=None): '''Returns a list containing random portions of the DataFrame. {note_copy} Example: >>> import vaex, import numpy as np >>> np.random.seed(111) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) >>> for dfs in df.split_random(frac=0.3, random_state=42): ... print(dfs.x.values) ... [8 1 5] [0 7 2 9 4 3 6] >>> for split in df.split_random(frac=[0.2, 0.3, 0.5], random_state=42): ... print(dfs.x.values) [8 1] [5 0 7] [2 9 4 3 6] :param int/list frac: If int will split the DataFrame in two portions, the first of which will have size
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267817
DataFrame.split
test
def split(self, frac): '''Returns a list containing ordered subsets of the DataFrame. {note_copy} Example: >>> import vaex >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) >>> for dfs in df.split(frac=0.3): ... print(dfs.x.values) ... [0 1 3] [3 4 5 6 7 8 9] >>> for split in df.split(frac=[0.2, 0.3, 0.5]): ... print(dfs.x.values) [0 1] [2 3 4] [5 6 7 8 9] :param int/list frac: If int will split the DataFrame in two portions, the first of which will have size as specified by this parameter. If list, the generator will generate as many portions as elements in the list, where each element defines the relative fraction of that portion. :return: A list of DataFrames. :rtype: list
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267818
DataFrame.sort
test
def sort(self, by, ascending=True, kind='quicksort'): '''Return a sorted DataFrame, sorted by the expression 'by' {note_copy} {note_filter} Example: >>> import vaex, numpy as np >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(s=np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']), x=np.arange(1,5)) >>> df['y'] = (df.x-1.8)**2 >>> df # s x y 0 a 1 0.64 1 b 2 0.04 2 c 3 1.44 3 d 4 4.84 >>> df.sort('y', ascending=False) # Note: passing '(x-1.8)**2' gives the same result # s x y 0 d 4 4.84 1 c 3 1.44 2 a 1 0.64 3 b 2 0.04 :param str or expression by: expression to sort by
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267819
DataFrame.materialize
test
def materialize(self, virtual_column, inplace=False): '''Returns a new DataFrame where the virtual column is turned into an in memory numpy array. Example: >>> x = np.arange(1,4) >>> y = np.arange(2,5) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(x=x, y=y) >>> df['r'] = (df.x**2 + df.y**2)**0.5 # 'r' is a virtual column (computed on the fly) >>> df = df.materialize('r') # now 'r' is a 'real' column (i.e. a numpy array) :param inplace: {inplace} ''' df = self.trim(inplace=inplace) virtual_column = _ensure_string_from_expression(virtual_column)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267820
DataFrame.selection_undo
test
def selection_undo(self, name="default", executor=None): """Undo selection, for the name.""" logger.debug("undo") executor = executor or self.executor assert self.selection_can_undo(name=name) selection_history = self.selection_histories[name] index = self.selection_history_indices[name] self.selection_history_indices[name] -= 1
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267821
DataFrame.selection_redo
test
def selection_redo(self, name="default", executor=None): """Redo selection, for the name.""" logger.debug("redo") executor = executor or self.executor assert self.selection_can_redo(name=name) selection_history = self.selection_histories[name] index = self.selection_history_indices[name] next = selection_history[index + 1]
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267822
DataFrame.selection_can_redo
test
def selection_can_redo(self, name="default"): """Can selection name be redone?"""
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267823
DataFrame.select
test
def select(self, boolean_expression, mode="replace", name="default", executor=None): """Perform a selection, defined by the boolean expression, and combined with the previous selection using the given mode. Selections are recorded in a history tree, per name, undo/redo can be done for them separately. :param str boolean_expression: Any valid column expression, with comparison operators :param str mode: Possible boolean operator: replace/and/or/xor/subtract :param str name: history tree or selection 'slot' to use :param executor: :return: """ boolean_expression = _ensure_string_from_expression(boolean_expression) if boolean_expression is None and not self.has_selection(name=name):
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267824
DataFrame.select_non_missing
test
def select_non_missing(self, drop_nan=True, drop_masked=True, column_names=None, mode="replace", name="default"): """Create a selection that selects rows having non missing values for all columns in column_names. The name reflect Panda's, no rows are really dropped, but a mask is kept to keep track of the selection :param drop_nan: drop rows when there is a NaN in any of the columns (will only affect float values)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267825
DataFrame.dropna
test
def dropna(self, drop_nan=True, drop_masked=True, column_names=None): """Create a shallow copy of a DataFrame, with filtering set using select_non_missing. :param drop_nan: drop rows when there is a NaN in any of the columns (will only affect float values) :param drop_masked: drop rows when there is a masked value in any of the columns :param column_names: The columns to consider, default: all (real, non-virtual) columns
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267826
DataFrame.select_rectangle
test
def select_rectangle(self, x, y, limits, mode="replace", name="default"): """Select a 2d rectangular box in the space given by x and y, bounds by limits. Example: >>> df.select_box('x', 'y', [(0, 10), (0, 1)]) :param x: expression for the x space :param y: expression fo the y
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267827
DataFrame.select_box
test
def select_box(self, spaces, limits, mode="replace", name="default"): """Select a n-dimensional rectangular box bounded by limits. The following examples are equivalent: >>> df.select_box(['x', 'y'], [(0, 10), (0, 1)]) >>> df.select_rectangle('x', 'y', [(0, 10), (0, 1)]) :param spaces: list of expressions :param limits: sequence of shape [(x1, x2), (y1, y2)] :param mode: :param name: :return: """ sorted_limits = [(min(l), max(l))
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267828
DataFrame.select_circle
test
def select_circle(self, x, y, xc, yc, r, mode="replace", name="default", inclusive=True): """ Select a circular region centred on xc, yc, with a radius of r. Example: >>> df.select_circle('x','y',2,3,1) :param x: expression for the x space :param y: expression for the y space :param xc: location of the centre of the circle in x :param yc: location of the centre of the circle in y :param r: the radius of the circle :param name: name of the selection :param mode:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267829
DataFrame.select_ellipse
test
def select_ellipse(self, x, y, xc, yc, width, height, angle=0, mode="replace", name="default", radians=False, inclusive=True): """ Select an elliptical region centred on xc, yc, with a certain width, height and angle. Example: >>> df.select_ellipse('x','y', 2, -1, 5,1, 30, name='my_ellipse') :param x: expression for the x space :param y: expression for the y space :param xc: location of the centre of the ellipse in x :param yc: location of the centre of the ellipse in y :param width: the width of the ellipse (diameter) :param height: the width of the ellipse (diameter) :param angle: (degrees) orientation of the ellipse, counter-clockwise measured from the y axis :param name: name of the selection :param mode: :return: """ # Computing the properties of the ellipse prior to selection if radians: pass else: alpha = np.deg2rad(angle)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267830
DataFrame.select_lasso
test
def select_lasso(self, expression_x, expression_y, xsequence, ysequence, mode="replace", name="default", executor=None): """For performance reasons, a lasso selection is handled differently. :param str expression_x: Name/expression for the x coordinate :param str expression_y: Name/expression for the y coordinate
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267831
DataFrame.select_inverse
test
def select_inverse(self, name="default", executor=None): """Invert the selection, i.e. what is selected will not be, and vice versa :param str name: :param executor: :return: """
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267832
DataFrame.set_selection
test
def set_selection(self, selection, name="default", executor=None): """Sets the selection object :param selection: Selection object :param name: selection 'slot' :param executor: :return:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267833
DataFrame._selection
test
def _selection(self, create_selection, name, executor=None, execute_fully=False): """select_lasso and select almost share the same code""" selection_history = self.selection_histories[name] previous_index = self.selection_history_indices[name] current = selection_history[previous_index] if selection_history else None selection = create_selection(current) executor = executor or self.executor selection_history.append(selection) self.selection_history_indices[name] += 1 # clip any redo history del selection_history[self.selection_history_indices[name]:-1] if 0: if self.is_local(): if selection: # result = selection.execute(executor=executor, execute_fully=execute_fully) result = vaex.promise.Promise.fulfilled(None) self.signal_selection_changed.emit(self) else:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267834
DataFrame._find_valid_name
test
def _find_valid_name(self, initial_name): '''Finds a non-colliding name by optional postfixing'''
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267835
DataFrame._root_nodes
test
def _root_nodes(self): """Returns a list of string which are the virtual columns that are not used in any other virtual column.""" # these lists (~used as ordered set) keep track of leafes and root nodes # root nodes root_nodes = [] leafes = [] def walk(node): # this function recursively walks the expression graph if isinstance(node, six.string_types): # we end up at a leaf leafes.append(node) if node in root_nodes: # so it cannot be a root node root_nodes.remove(node) else: node_repr, fname, fobj, deps = node if node_repr in self.virtual_columns: # we encountered a virtual column, similar behaviour as leaf leafes.append(node_repr) if node_repr in
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267836
DataFrame._graphviz
test
def _graphviz(self, dot=None): """Return a graphviz.Digraph object with a graph of all virtual columns""" from graphviz import Digraph dot = dot or Digraph(comment='whole dataframe')
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267837
DataFrameLocal.categorize
test
def categorize(self, column, labels=None, check=True): """Mark column as categorical, with given labels, assuming zero indexing""" column = _ensure_string_from_expression(column) if check: vmin, vmax = self.minmax(column) if labels is None: N = int(vmax + 1) labels = list(map(str, range(N))) if (vmax - vmin)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267838
DataFrameLocal.ordinal_encode
test
def ordinal_encode(self, column, values=None, inplace=False): """Encode column as ordinal values and mark it as categorical. The existing column is renamed to a hidden column and replaced by a numerical columns with values between [0, len(values)-1]. """ column = _ensure_string_from_expression(column) df = self if inplace else self.copy() # for the codes, we need to work on the unfiltered dataset, since the filter # may change, and we also cannot add an array that is smaller in length df_unfiltered = df.copy() # maybe we need some filter manipulation methods df_unfiltered.select_nothing(name=FILTER_SELECTION_NAME) df_unfiltered._length_unfiltered = df._length_original df_unfiltered.set_active_range(0, df._length_original) # codes point to the index of found_values # meaning: found_values[codes[0]] == ds[column].values[0] found_values, codes = df_unfiltered.unique(column, return_inverse=True)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267839
DataFrameLocal.data
test
def data(self): """Gives direct access to the data as numpy arrays. Convenient when working with IPython in combination with small DataFrames, since this gives tab-completion. Only real columns (i.e. no virtual) columns can be accessed, for getting the data from virtual columns, use
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267840
DataFrameLocal.length
test
def length(self, selection=False): """Get the length of the DataFrames, for the selection of the whole DataFrame. If selection is False, it returns len(df). TODO: Implement this in DataFrameRemote, and
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267841
DataFrameLocal._hstack
test
def _hstack(self, other, prefix=None): """Join the columns of the other DataFrame to this one, assuming the ordering is the same""" assert len(self) == len(other), "does not make sense to horizontally stack DataFrames with different lengths" for name in other.get_column_names(): if prefix:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267842
DataFrameLocal.concat
test
def concat(self, other): """Concatenates two DataFrames, adding the rows of one the other DataFrame to the current, returned in a new DataFrame. No copy of the data is made. :param other: The other DataFrame that is concatenated with this DataFrame :return: New DataFrame
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267843
DataFrameLocal.export_hdf5
test
def export_hdf5(self, path, column_names=None, byteorder="=", shuffle=False, selection=False, progress=None, virtual=False, sort=None, ascending=True): """Exports the DataFrame to a vaex hdf5 file :param DataFrameLocal df: DataFrame to export :param str path: path for file :param lis[str] column_names: list of column names to export or None for all columns :param str byteorder: = for native, < for little endian and > for big endian :param bool shuffle: export rows in random order :param bool selection: export selection or not :param progress: progress callback that gets a progress fraction as argument and should return True to continue, or
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267844
DataFrameArrays.add_column
test
def add_column(self, name, data): """Add a column to the DataFrame :param str name: name of column :param data: numpy array with the data """ # assert _is_array_type_ok(data), "dtype not supported: %r, %r" % (data.dtype, data.dtype.type)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267845
patch
test
def patch(f): '''Adds method f to the DataFrame class''' name = f.__name__
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267846
register_function
test
def register_function(scope=None, as_property=False, name=None): """Decorator to register a new function with vaex. Example: >>> import vaex >>> df = vaex.example() >>> @vaex.register_function() >>> def invert(x): >>> return 1/x >>> df.x.invert() >>> import numpy as np >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(departure=np.arange('2015-01-01', '2015-12-05', dtype='datetime64')) >>> @vaex.register_function(as_property=True, scope='dt') >>> def dt_relative_day(x): >>> return vaex.functions.dt_dayofyear(x)/365. >>> df.departure.dt.relative_day """ prefix = '' if scope: prefix = scope + "_" if scope not in scopes: raise KeyError("unknown scope") def wrapper(f, name=name): name = name or f.__name__ # remove possible prefix if name.startswith(prefix): name = name[len(prefix):] full_name = prefix + name if scope: def closure(name=name, full_name=full_name, function=f): def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs): lazy_func = getattr(self.expression.ds.func, full_name) args = (self.expression, ) + args
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267847
fillna
test
def fillna(ar, value, fill_nan=True, fill_masked=True): '''Returns an array where missing values are replaced by value. If the dtype is object, nan values and 'nan' string values are replaced by value when fill_nan==True. ''' ar = ar if not isinstance(ar, column.Column) else ar.to_numpy() if ar.dtype.kind in 'O' and fill_nan: strings = ar.astype(str) mask = strings == 'nan' ar = ar.copy() ar[mask] = value elif ar.dtype.kind in 'f' and fill_nan: mask = np.isnan(ar)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267848
dt_dayofweek
test
def dt_dayofweek(x): """Obtain the day of the week with Monday=0 and Sunday=6 :returns: an expression containing the day of week. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267849
dt_dayofyear
test
def dt_dayofyear(x): """The ordinal day of the year. :returns: an expression containing the ordinal day of the year. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267850
dt_is_leap_year
test
def dt_is_leap_year(x): """Check whether a year is a leap year. :returns: an expression which evaluates to True if a year is a leap year, and to False otherwise. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267851
dt_year
test
def dt_year(x): """Extracts the year out of a datetime sample. :returns: an expression containing the year extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267852
dt_month
test
def dt_month(x): """Extracts the month out of a datetime sample. :returns: an expression containing the month extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267853
dt_month_name
test
def dt_month_name(x): """Returns the month names of a datetime sample in English. :returns: an expression containing the month names extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267854
dt_day
test
def dt_day(x): """Extracts the day from a datetime sample. :returns: an expression containing the day extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267855
dt_day_name
test
def dt_day_name(x): """Returns the day names of a datetime sample in English. :returns: an expression containing the day names extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267856
dt_weekofyear
test
def dt_weekofyear(x): """Returns the week ordinal of the year. :returns: an expression containing the week ordinal of the year, extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267857
dt_hour
test
def dt_hour(x): """Extracts the hour out of a datetime samples. :returns: an expression containing the hour extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267858
dt_minute
test
def dt_minute(x): """Extracts the minute out of a datetime samples. :returns: an expression containing the minute extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267859
dt_second
test
def dt_second(x): """Extracts the second out of a datetime samples. :returns: an expression containing the second extracted from a datetime column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> import numpy as np >>> date = np.array(['2009-10-12T03:31:00', '2016-02-11T10:17:34', '2015-11-12T11:34:22'], dtype=np.datetime64) >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(date=date) >>> df # date 0 2009-10-12 03:31:00
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267860
str_capitalize
test
def str_capitalize(x): """Capitalize the first letter of a string sample. :returns: an expression containing the capitalized strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.capitalize() Expression = str_capitalize(text) Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) ---------------------------------
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267861
str_cat
test
def str_cat(x, other): """Concatenate two string columns on a row-by-row basis. :param expression other: The expression of the other column to be concatenated. :returns: an expression containing the concatenated columns. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.cat(df.text)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267862
str_contains
test
def str_contains(x, pattern, regex=True): """Check if a string pattern or regex is contained within a sample of a string column. :param str pattern: A string or regex pattern :param bool regex: If True, :returns: an expression which is evaluated to True if the pattern is found in a given sample, and it is False otherwise. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267863
str_count
test
def str_count(x, pat, regex=False): """Count the occurences of a pattern in sample of a string column. :param str pat: A string or regex pattern :param bool regex: If True, :returns: an expression containing the number of times a pattern is found in each sample. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267864
str_find
test
def str_find(x, sub, start=0, end=None): """Returns the lowest indices in each string in a column, where the provided substring is fully contained between within a sample. If the substring is not found, -1 is returned. :param str sub: A substring to be found in the samples :param int start: :param int end: :returns: an expression containing the lowest indices specifying the start of the substring. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267865
str_get
test
def str_get(x, i): """Extract a character from each sample at the specified position from a string column. Note that if the specified position is out of bound of the string sample, this method returns '', while pandas retunrs nan. :param int i: The index location, at which to extract the character. :returns: an expression containing the extracted characters. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267866
str_index
test
def str_index(x, sub, start=0, end=None): """Returns the lowest indices in each string in a column, where the provided substring is fully contained between within a sample. If the substring is not found, -1 is returned. It is the same as `str.find`. :param str sub: A substring to be found in the samples :param int start: :param int end: :returns: an expression containing the lowest indices specifying the start of the substring. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267867
str_lower
test
def str_lower(x): """Converts string samples to lower case. :returns: an expression containing the converted strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.lower() Expression = str_lower(text) Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) --------------------------------- 0
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267868
str_lstrip
test
def str_lstrip(x, to_strip=None): """Remove leading characters from a string sample. :param str to_strip: The string to be removed :returns: an expression containing the modified string column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.lstrip(to_strip='very ') Expression = str_lstrip(text, to_strip='very ') Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) ---------------------------------
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267869
str_pad
test
def str_pad(x, width, side='left', fillchar=' '): """Pad strings in a given column. :param int width: The total width of the string :param str side: If 'left' than pad on the left, if 'right' than pad on the right side the string. :param str fillchar: The character used for padding. :returns: an expression containing the padded strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way.
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267870
str_repeat
test
def str_repeat(x, repeats): """Duplicate each string in a column. :param int repeats: number of times each string sample is to be duplicated. :returns: an expression containing the duplicated strings Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.repeat(3) Expression = str_repeat(text, 3) Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) ---------------------------------
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267871
str_rfind
test
def str_rfind(x, sub, start=0, end=None): """Returns the highest indices in each string in a column, where the provided substring is fully contained between within a sample. If the substring is not found, -1 is returned. :param str sub: A substring to be found in the samples :param int start: :param int end: :returns: an expression containing the highest indices specifying the start of the substring. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267872
str_rindex
test
def str_rindex(x, sub, start=0, end=None): """Returns the highest indices in each string in a column, where the provided substring is fully contained between within a sample. If the substring is not found, -1 is returned. Same as `str.rfind`. :param str sub: A substring to be found in the samples :param int start: :param int end: :returns: an expression containing the highest indices specifying the start of the substring. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267873
str_rjust
test
def str_rjust(x, width, fillchar=' '): """Fills the left side of string samples with a specified character such that the strings are left-hand justified. :param int width: The minimal width of the strings. :param str fillchar: The character used for filling. :returns: an expression containing the filled strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way.
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267874
str_rstrip
test
def str_rstrip(x, to_strip=None): """Remove trailing characters from a string sample. :param str to_strip: The string to be removed :returns: an expression containing the modified string column. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.rstrip(to_strip='ing') Expression = str_rstrip(text, to_strip='ing') Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) --------------------------------- 0
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267875
str_slice
test
def str_slice(x, start=0, stop=None): # TODO: support n """Slice substrings from each string element in a column. :param int start: The start position for the slice operation. :param int end: The stop position for the slice operation. :returns: an expression containing the sliced substrings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way.
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267876
str_strip
test
def str_strip(x, to_strip=None): """Removes leading and trailing characters. Strips whitespaces (including new lines), or a set of specified characters from each string saple in a column, both from the left right sides. :param str to_strip: The characters to be removed. All combinations of the characters will be removed. If None, it removes whitespaces. :param returns: an expression containing the modified string samples. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267877
str_title
test
def str_title(x): """Converts all string samples to titlecase. :returns: an expression containing the converted strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.title() Expression = str_title(text) Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) ---------------------------------
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267878
str_upper
test
def str_upper(x): """Converts all strings in a column to uppercase. :returns: an expression containing the converted strings. Example: >>> import vaex >>> text = ['Something', 'very pretty', 'is coming', 'our', 'way.'] >>> df = vaex.from_arrays(text=text) >>> df # text 0 Something 1 very pretty 2 is coming 3 our 4 way. >>> df.text.str.upper() Expression = str_upper(text) Length: 5 dtype: str (expression) ---------------------------------
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267879
get_autotype
test
def get_autotype(arr): """ Attempts to return a numpy array converted to the most sensible dtype Value errors will be caught and simply return the original array Tries to make dtype int, then float, then no change """ try: narr = arr.astype('float')
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267880
Struct.as_recarray
test
def as_recarray(self): """ Convert into numpy recordarray """ dtype = [(k,v.dtype) for k,v in self.__dict__.iteritems()]
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267881
store_properties
test
def store_properties(fh, props, comment=None, timestamp=True): """ Writes properties to the file in Java properties format. :param fh: a writable file-like object :param props: a mapping (dict) or iterable of key/value pairs :param comment: comment to write to the beginning of the file :param timestamp: boolean indicating whether to write a timestamp comment """ if comment is not None: write_comment(fh, comment)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267882
write_comment
test
def write_comment(fh, comment): """ Writes a comment to the file in Java properties format. Newlines in the comment text are automatically turned into a continuation
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267883
write_property
test
def write_property(fh, key, value): """ Write a single property to the file in Java properties format. :param fh: a writable file-like object :param key: the key to write
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267884
iter_properties
test
def iter_properties(fh, comments=False): """ Incrementally read properties from a Java .properties file. Yields tuples of key/value pairs. If ``comments`` is `True`, comments will be included with ``jprops.COMMENT`` in place of the key. :param fh: a readable file-like object :param comments: should include comments (default: False) """
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267885
_universal_newlines
test
def _universal_newlines(fp): """ Wrap a file to convert newlines regardless of whether the file was opened with the "universal newlines" option or not. """ # if file was opened with universal newline support we don't need to convert if 'U' in getattr(fp, 'mode', ''): for line in fp: yield line else:
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267886
show_versions
test
def show_versions(): '''Return the version information for all librosa dependencies.''' core_deps = ['audioread', 'numpy', 'scipy', 'sklearn', 'joblib', 'decorator', 'six', 'soundfile', 'resampy', 'numba'] extra_deps = ['numpydoc', 'sphinx', 'sphinx_rtd_theme', 'sphinxcontrib.versioning', 'sphinx-gallery', 'pytest', 'pytest-mpl', 'pytest-cov', 'matplotlib']
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267887
rename_kw
test
def rename_kw(old_name, old_value, new_name, new_value, version_deprecated, version_removed): '''Handle renamed arguments. Parameters ---------- old_name : str old_value The name and value of the old argument new_name : str new_value The name and value of the new argument version_deprecated : str The version at which the old name became deprecated version_removed : str The version at which the old name will be removed Returns ------- value - `new_value` if `old_value` of type `Deprecated` - `old_value` otherwise Warnings -------- if `old_value` is not of type `Deprecated` ''' if isinstance(old_value, Deprecated): return new_value else: stack = inspect.stack() dep_func = stack[1] caller = stack[2] warnings.warn_explicit("{:s}() keyword argument '{:s}' has been " "renamed to '{:s}' in version {:}."
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267888
set_fftlib
test
def set_fftlib(lib=None): '''Set the FFT library used by librosa. Parameters ---------- lib : None or module Must implement an interface compatible with `numpy.fft`. If `None`, reverts to `numpy.fft`. Examples -------- Use `pyfftw`: >>> import pyfftw >>> librosa.set_fftlib(pyfftw.interfaces.numpy_fft)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267889
beat_track
test
def beat_track(input_file, output_csv): '''Beat tracking function :parameters: - input_file : str Path to input audio file (wav, mp3, m4a, flac, etc.) - output_file : str Path to save beat event timestamps as a CSV file ''' print('Loading ', input_file) y, sr = librosa.load(input_file, sr=22050) # Use a default hop size of 512 samples @ 22KHz ~= 23ms hop_length = 512 # This is the window length used by default in stft print('Tracking
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267890
adjust_tuning
test
def adjust_tuning(input_file, output_file): '''Load audio, estimate tuning, apply pitch correction, and save.''' print('Loading ', input_file) y, sr = librosa.load(input_file) print('Separating harmonic component ... ') y_harm = librosa.effects.harmonic(y) print('Estimating tuning ... ') # Just track the pitches associated with high magnitude tuning = librosa.estimate_tuning(y=y_harm, sr=sr) print('{:+0.2f} cents'.format(100 * tuning))
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267891
frames_to_samples
test
def frames_to_samples(frames, hop_length=512, n_fft=None): """Converts frame indices to audio sample indices. Parameters ---------- frames : number or np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] frame index or vector of frame indices hop_length : int > 0 [scalar] number of samples between successive frames n_fft : None or int > 0 [scalar] Optional: length of the FFT window. If given, time conversion will include an offset of `n_fft / 2` to counteract windowing effects when using a non-centered STFT. Returns ------- times : number or np.ndarray time (in samples) of each given frame number: `times[i] = frames[i] * hop_length` See Also
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267892
samples_to_frames
test
def samples_to_frames(samples, hop_length=512, n_fft=None): """Converts sample indices into STFT frames. Examples -------- >>> # Get the frame numbers for every 256 samples >>> librosa.samples_to_frames(np.arange(0, 22050, 256)) array([ 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22, 23, 23, 24, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 27, 27, 28, 28, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 34, 35, 35, 36, 36, 37, 37, 38, 38, 39, 39, 40, 40, 41, 41, 42, 42, 43]) Parameters ---------- samples : int or np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] sample index or vector of sample indices hop_length : int > 0 [scalar] number of samples between successive frames n_fft : None or int > 0 [scalar] Optional: length of the FFT window. If given, time conversion will include an offset of `- n_fft / 2` to counteract windowing effects in STFT. .. note:: This may result in negative frame indices.
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267893
time_to_frames
test
def time_to_frames(times, sr=22050, hop_length=512, n_fft=None): """Converts time stamps into STFT frames. Parameters ---------- times : np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] time (in seconds) or vector of time values sr : number > 0 [scalar] audio sampling rate hop_length : int > 0 [scalar] number of samples between successive frames n_fft : None or int > 0 [scalar] Optional: length of the FFT window. If given, time conversion will include an offset of `- n_fft / 2` to counteract windowing effects in STFT. .. note:: This may result in negative frame indices. Returns ------- frames : np.ndarray [shape=(n,), dtype=int] Frame numbers corresponding to the given times: `frames[i] =
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267894
midi_to_note
test
def midi_to_note(midi, octave=True, cents=False): '''Convert one or more MIDI numbers to note strings. MIDI numbers will be rounded to the nearest integer. Notes will be of the format 'C0', 'C#0', 'D0', ... Examples -------- >>> librosa.midi_to_note(0) 'C-1' >>> librosa.midi_to_note(37) 'C#2' >>> librosa.midi_to_note(-2) 'A#-2' >>> librosa.midi_to_note(104.7) 'A7' >>> librosa.midi_to_note(104.7, cents=True) 'A7-30' >>> librosa.midi_to_note(list(range(12, 24))) ['C0', 'C#0', 'D0', 'D#0', 'E0', 'F0', 'F#0', 'G0', 'G#0', 'A0', 'A#0', 'B0'] Parameters ---------- midi : int or iterable of int Midi numbers to convert. octave: bool If True, include the octave number cents: bool If true, cent markers will be appended for fractional notes. Eg, `midi_to_note(69.3, cents=True)` == `A4+03` Returns ------- notes : str or iterable of str Strings describing each midi note. Raises ------ ParameterError if `cents` is True and `octave` is False See Also -------- midi_to_hz note_to_midi hz_to_note
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267895
hz_to_mel
test
def hz_to_mel(frequencies, htk=False): """Convert Hz to Mels Examples -------- >>> librosa.hz_to_mel(60) 0.9 >>> librosa.hz_to_mel([110, 220, 440]) array([ 1.65, 3.3 , 6.6 ]) Parameters ---------- frequencies : number or np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] , float scalar or array of frequencies htk : bool use HTK formula instead of Slaney Returns ------- mels : number or np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] input frequencies in Mels See Also -------- mel_to_hz """ frequencies = np.asanyarray(frequencies)
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267896
mel_to_hz
test
def mel_to_hz(mels, htk=False): """Convert mel bin numbers to frequencies Examples -------- >>> librosa.mel_to_hz(3) 200. >>> librosa.mel_to_hz([1,2,3,4,5]) array([ 66.667, 133.333, 200. , 266.667, 333.333]) Parameters ---------- mels : np.ndarray [shape=(n,)], float mel bins to convert htk : bool use HTK formula instead of Slaney Returns ------- frequencies : np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] input mels in Hz See Also -------- hz_to_mel """ mels = np.asanyarray(mels) if htk: return 700.0 * (10.0**(mels / 2595.0) - 1.0) # Fill in the linear scale f_min = 0.0 f_sp = 200.0 / 3 freqs = f_min + f_sp * mels # And now the nonlinear scale min_log_hz = 1000.0 # beginning of log region (Hz) min_log_mel = (min_log_hz - f_min) / f_sp # same (Mels) logstep
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267897
fft_frequencies
test
def fft_frequencies(sr=22050, n_fft=2048): '''Alternative implementation of `np.fft.fftfreq` Parameters ---------- sr : number > 0 [scalar] Audio sampling rate n_fft : int > 0 [scalar] FFT window size Returns ------- freqs : np.ndarray [shape=(1 + n_fft/2,)]
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267898
cqt_frequencies
test
def cqt_frequencies(n_bins, fmin, bins_per_octave=12, tuning=0.0): """Compute the center frequencies of Constant-Q bins. Examples -------- >>> # Get the CQT frequencies for 24 notes, starting at C2 >>> librosa.cqt_frequencies(24, fmin=librosa.note_to_hz('C2')) array([ 65.406, 69.296, 73.416, 77.782, 82.407, 87.307, 92.499, 97.999, 103.826, 110. , 116.541, 123.471, 130.813, 138.591, 146.832, 155.563, 164.814, 174.614, 184.997, 195.998, 207.652, 220. , 233.082, 246.942]) Parameters ---------- n_bins : int > 0 [scalar] Number of constant-Q bins fmin : float
python
{ "resource": "" }
q267899
mel_frequencies
test
def mel_frequencies(n_mels=128, fmin=0.0, fmax=11025.0, htk=False): """Compute an array of acoustic frequencies tuned to the mel scale. The mel scale is a quasi-logarithmic function of acoustic frequency designed such that perceptually similar pitch intervals (e.g. octaves) appear equal in width over the full hearing range. Because the definition of the mel scale is conditioned by a finite number of subjective psychoaoustical experiments, several implementations coexist in the audio signal processing literature [1]_. By default, librosa replicates the behavior of the well-established MATLAB Auditory Toolbox of Slaney [2]_. According to this default implementation, the conversion from Hertz to mel is linear below 1 kHz and logarithmic above 1 kHz. Another available implementation replicates the Hidden Markov Toolkit [3]_ (HTK) according to the following formula: `mel = 2595.0 * np.log10(1.0 + f / 700.0).` The choice of implementation is determined by the `htk` keyword argument: setting `htk=False` leads to the Auditory toolbox implementation, whereas setting it `htk=True` leads to the HTK implementation. .. [1] Umesh, S., Cohen, L., & Nelson, D. Fitting the mel scale. In Proc. International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), vol. 1, pp. 217-220, 1998. .. [2] Slaney, M. Auditory Toolbox: A MATLAB Toolbox for Auditory Modeling Work. Technical Report, version 2, Interval Research Corporation, 1998. .. [3] Young, S., Evermann, G., Gales, M., Hain, T., Kershaw, D., Liu, X., Moore, G., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Povey, D., Valtchev, V., & Woodland, P. The HTK book, version 3.4. Cambridge University, March 2009. See Also -------- hz_to_mel mel_to_hz librosa.feature.melspectrogram librosa.feature.mfcc Parameters ---------- n_mels : int > 0 [scalar] Number of mel bins. fmin : float >= 0 [scalar] Minimum frequency (Hz). fmax : float >= 0 [scalar] Maximum frequency (Hz). htk : bool If True, use HTK formula to convert Hz to mel. Otherwise (False), use Slaney's Auditory Toolbox. Returns ------- bin_frequencies :
python
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