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CulturalRiddles

riddle_id large_stringlengths 20 77	community large_stringclasses 62 values	language large_stringclasses 51 values	topic large_stringclasses 93 values	is_wildcard bool 2 classes	riddle_original large_stringlengths 3 443	riddle_english large_stringlengths 3 462 ⌀	riddle_hint large_stringclasses 959 values	riddle_note large_stringclasses 541 values	reference_answer_original large_stringlengths 1 105	reference_answer_english large_stringlengths 1 132 ⌀
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_001	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Fuuldura mootii teessee fincoofti.	She sits right in front of the king and urinates.	null	null	Jabanaa	Traditional coffee pot
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_002	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Teessoo irra ta'a garuu mootii miti; ajaja kenna garuu loltuu miti.	It sits on a throne but is not a king; it gives orders but is not a soldier.	null	null	Abbaa Alangaa	A judge
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_003	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Harka hin qabu, garuu nama hedduu qajeelcha.	It has no hands, but it guides many people	null	null	Seera	Law
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_004	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Kaffaltii malee kennama, garuu gatiin isaa dhiigaan qofa safarama.	It is given without payment, yet its price is measured only in blood.	null	null	Bilisummaa fi Walabummaa	Freedom and Independence
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_005	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Waraqaa xiqqoo garuu humna sibiilaa ol qabdu; mootii kuffiste mootii kaastu.	A piece of paper, yet holding power greater than iron; it overthrows a king and raises a king.	null	null	Waraqaa Filannoo	A ballot
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_006	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Osoo afaan hin qabaatin murtee kenna, osoo ija hin qabaatin dhugaa arga.	It delivers judgment without a mouth and sees the truth without eyes.	null	null	Seera	Law
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_007	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Waaqaa gadi namaa oli	Below the God, above the person	null	null	Mootii	King
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_008	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Aannan unata, dhugaa dubbata.	It drinks milk, it speaks the truth	null	null	Abbaa Gadaa	Leader of the Gadaa System
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_009	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Ija hin qabu garuu hunda ilaala, miila hin qabu garuu biyya mara adeema, abbaa aangoo fi hiyyeessa wal-qixxeessa. Inni maali?	It has no eyes yet sees everyone, has no feet yet travels the whole land, and treats the powerful ruler and the poor equally. What is it?	null	null	Seera / Heera	The Law / Constitution
afaan_oromo_oromo_politics_010	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Politics	false	Qawwee hin qabu; garuu mootummaa nan mo'a. ani maali?	I have no gun, yet I defeat governments. What am I?	null	null	Sagalee uummataa	The voice of the people
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_011	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Bara 1960 keessa kophee qullaa daandii Rome irra fiiguun, dorgomii maraatooniitiin medaaliyaa warqee Olimpiki Afrikaaf isa jalqabaa ta'e moo'achuun seenaa hojjedhe. Ani eenyu?	In 1960, by running barefoot on the streets of Rome and winning the first-ever Olympic gold medal in the marathon for Africa, I made history. Who am I?	null	null	Abbabaa Biqilaa	Abebe Bikila
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_012	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Ani sirna bulchiinsa dimokiraatawaa ganamaa kan taayitaan dabareedhaan waggaa saddeet saddeetiin nagaadhaan itti wal-harkaa fuudhamudha. Ani maali?	I am an ancient democratic governance system where power transfers peacefully every eight years through five rotating generational classes. What am I?	null	null	Sirna Gadaa	Gadaa System
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_013	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Baroota 1960 oota keessa saamama lafaa fi gibira sirna fiyuudaalaa mormuun fincila qonnaan bultoota Gaarreen Baalee keessatti geggeeffamee hoggannaan ture. Ani eenyu?	I led the armed peasant rebellion in the mountains of Bale during the 1960s to fight against feudal land dispossession and taxation. Who am I?	null	null	Waaqoo Guutuu	Wako Gutu
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_014	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Muka guddaa damee shan qabu, waggaa saddeetitti marsaa haaromsu.	A great tree with five main branches that renews its cycle every eight years.	null	null	Sirna Gadaa	Gadaa System
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_015	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Kumaala fi hogganaa waraana abbaa irree kan turan, booda waldaa Wal-gargaarsa Maccaa fi Tuulamaa keessatti gootummaan dammaqina uummataa uumuun qabsoo eenyummaa jalqabsiise. Ani eenyu?	I was an army general who became a key figure in the Macca and Tulama Self-Help Association, awakening popular consciousness and national identity. Who am I?	null	null	Taaddasaa Birruu	Tadesse Birru
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_016	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Bara 1992 dorgoommii Olimpiki Barcelona irratti fiigicha meetira 10,000 dubartootaan medaaliyaa warqee jalqabaa dubartii Afrikaaf fiduun seenaa galmeessiseen ture. Ani eenyu?	At the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, I won Africa's first gold medal for women in the 10,000m event. Who am I?	null	null	Daraartuu Tulluu	Derartu Tulu
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_017	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Bara 1970oota keessa qubee Afaan Oromoo qorachuun sirna barreeffama Qubee Afaan Oromoo boceera. Ani eenyu?	In the 1970s, I conducted linguistic research to standardize and develop the modern Latin-based orthography (Qubee) for Afaan Oromo. Who am I?	null	null	Haayilee Fidaa	Haile Fida
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_018	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Lola malee mo’ata, meeshaa malee araara fida.	It wins without war and brings peace without weapons.	null	null	Jaarsummaa	Eldership (Jaarsummaa)
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_019	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Ani kitaaba miti; garuu seenaa dhalootaa gara dhalootaatti dabarsa. Ani maali?	I am not a book; yet I pass history from generation to generation. What am I?	null	null	Afoola	Oral tradition
afaan_oromo_oromo_history_020	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	History	false	Ani Jaarraa 19ffaa keessa mootii Jimmaan ture; barri bulchiinsakoos dinaagdee bunaa fi Nageenyaan beekama. ani eenyu?	I was the king of Jimma in the 19th century; my reign was known for the coffee economy and peace. Who am I?	null	null	Abbaa Jifaar II	Abba Jifar II
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_021	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Harka hin qabuu nama dhiiba	It has no hands, but it pushes a person	null	null	bubbee	Wind
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_022	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Qotiyyoo qotiyyoo baatu	An ox that carries another ox.	null	null	Gaara	Mountain
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_023	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Dhiibaa oolii hin socho’u	Push it all day long, yet it will not move	null	null	Gaara	Mountain
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_024	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Hamma majii geessi biyya waliin geessi	The size of a grinding stone, yet it spans the whole nation	null	null	Aduu	The sun
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_025	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Kophaa deemtii hin sodaattu	She travels all alone and knows no fear	null	null	Biiftuu	The sun
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_026	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Maasaa bal’aa keessa shumburaa facaase.	He scattered chickpeas across a wide farm field	null	null	Urjii	the Stars
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_027	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Dhihii(oogdii)guddaa atara facaase	He scattered peas across a massive farm land	null	null	Samii fi urjii	The Sky and the Stars
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_028	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Ooyiruu guddaa baaqelaa facaase	Sowing beans across a massive field	null	null	Samii fi urjii	The sky and stars
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_029	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Birbirsa waarituu simbirri hin qaaritu	A perpetual podocarpus tree, upon which no bird ever perches	null	null	Samii	The sky
afaan_oromo_oromo_geography_030	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Geography	false	Loon baay’ee keessaa kormaa tokko qofa	Only one bull among a massive herd of cattle.	null	null	Addeessa fi Urjii	The Moon among the stars
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_031	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Odoo boochuu kofalti, odoo hootuu marratti	It laughs while it cries; it grumbles while it nurses	null	null	Masiinqoo	A Masinqo (traditional one-stringed violin)
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_032	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Buburree akka shaamaa dubbataa akka namaa	Speckled like a woman's dress, speaking like a person	null	null	Barreeffama	Writing/Script
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_033	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Adda nyaatet bookisa nama rafe damaqsa	t eats differently, roars, and wakes up a sleeping person	null	null	Dibbee	A Drum
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_034	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Harkaan facaasaanii ijaan guuran	They scatter it by hand, and gather it with their eyes.	null	null	Barreefama	Writing
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_035	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Hindhamdhamamu gurratti mi’aa	It cannot be tasted, but it is sweet to the ear	null	null	muuziqaa	Music
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_036	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Harkaan facaasanii ijaan haamu.	Scattered by hand, harvested by the eyes.	null	null	Barreeffama	Writing
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_037	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Ani anuma hin nyaadhuu hin dhugu	I myself neither eat nor drink.	null	null	Suuraa	Picture
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_038	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Balbala cufattee sirbiti	She closes the door and dances	null	null	Ittoo	Stew
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_039	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Abbaan Eeboo dhibbaa laga ijaajjee sirba	The father of a hundred spears stands by the river and dances	null	null	Meexxii	A palm tree
afaan_oromo_oromo_arts_040	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Arts	false	Dheeraa funyaaniin sirbu.	The tall one that dances through its nose.	null	null	Ulullee	traditional flute
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_041	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Ari'anii hin qaban, utaalanii hin dhaban.	You can't catch it by chasing, but you won't miss it by jumping.	null	null	Gaaddidduu	Shadow
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_042	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Fuulduratti na ilaalu; boodatti na argu	They look at me from the front; they see me from behind.	null	null	galma	Finish line
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_043	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Muka namni tokko taphaaf qabatu, kan biraa ammoo of eeggannoof itti fayyadamu.	A stick that one person holds for a game, while another uses it for self-defense/precaution.	null	null	Ulee	Walking Stick
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_044	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Mataa malee morma hin qabu, yoo dhiitame malee nagaa hin argatu.	It has a head but no neck; unless it is kicked, it gets no peace.	null	null	Kubbaa	Ball
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_045	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Jiraa du'aa baatu, du'aa jiraa baatu.	A living thing carrying a dead thing, a dead thing carrying a living thing.	null	null	Fardaafi kooraa	Horse and its saddle
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_046	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Hamma fudhattu gadhiisaa deemti	She/He leaves behind what she/he does not accept and goes.	null	null	Faana / Ejjennoo	Footsteps
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_047	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Na rukutu, ani immoo hin boo'u.	They hit me, but I do not cry.	null	null	Kubbaa	Ball
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_048	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Lafa dhiitee waaqa ilaala.	It kicks the ground and looks at the sky.	null	null	Utaalchoo	Jumping
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_049	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Lama ta'anii wal hammatu, walitti hin gammadan	They hug each other as a pair, but they are not happy with each other."	null	null	Wal'aansoo	Wrestling
afaan_oromo_oromo_sports_050	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Sports	false	Muki jal'aan harka jira, kubbaan mukaa arii'a, yeroo gannaa taphatama. Inni maali?	A curved stick is in the hand, chasing a wooden ball, played during the harvest season. What is it?	null	null	Tapha Qillee	Traditional Field Hockey
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_051	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Gurra qaba hin dhaga'u, afaan qaba hin dubbatu	It has ears but cannot hear; it has a mouth but cannot speak	null	null	Hubboo	A clay water pot
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_052	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Karaan Gondor naannoo naannoo	The road to Gondor is round and round	null	null	Marsaa Gundoo	A Gundoo(The rim of a large woven basket)
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_053	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Qarreerra teessee yaa manqarree jetti	She sits on the edge and says "Oh, my beauty!"	null	null	Gaayyaa	A tobacco pipe
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_054	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Osoo boossuu kofaltii osoo haatuu mar’atti	She laughs while she cries; she grumbles/groans while she grooms.	null	null	Majii	Grinding stone
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_055	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Haati lafa dhiittii ilmoon haadha dhiitti	The mother stomps the ground, and the child kicks the mother	null	null	Mooyyee fi bolotaa	Mortar and pestle
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_056	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Ilmoon ni deemna ni deemna jettii haati ni teenya jettii	The child says "let's go, let's go," but the mother says "let's stay.	null	null	Dhagaa daakuu	Grinding stones
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_057	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Gabaa hin dhaqxuu dhadhaa hin dhabdu	She doesn't go to the market, yet she never lacks butter	null	null	Boraatii	Headrest
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_058	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Isuma tumuu isumaan qabuu	Beating it with the very thing used to hold it	null	null	Sibiila	Iron/Blacksmith tools
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_059	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Abbaan gabaabaan lafa jala fiiga	The short master runs underground	null	null	Maarashaa	Traditional plow
afaan_oromo_oromo_national_heritage_060	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	National Heritage	false	Karaan gibee naannoo naannoo	The road to Gibe goes round and round	null	null	Gundoo	A large woven basket
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_061	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Olla dha wal hin agartu	They are neighbors, but they never see each other	null	null	ija	The Eyes
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_062	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Dallaan Waaq ijaare dagalee hin qabu	A fence built by God that has no crossbars	null	null	Ilkaan	Teeth
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_063	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Fardeen laga guutee walqabattee buute	Horses fill the valley and go down together, hand in hand	null	null	mixii	The Ant
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_064	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Foon diimaa mataatti baata ofii hin nyaatu namaaf hin laatu	He carries red meat on his head; he doesn't eat it himself, nor does he give it to others	null	null	Lukkuu kormaa	Rooster
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_065	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Godoo gamaa balballi ishee lama	The cottage across the way has two doorways.	null	null	Funyaan	Nose
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_066	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Bosona guddaa lixeen muka qajeelaa dhabe	I entered a great forest and could not find a straight tree	null	null	Rifeensa mataa	Human hair
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_067	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Boollatti galti yaa shurrubbaa ishee	She enters the pit, oh, look at her beautiful braided hair!	null	null	Xaddee	Porcupine
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_068	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Fayyaan du’aa dhalaa du’aan fayyaa dhala	The living gives birth to the dead, and the dead gives birth to the living	null	null	Lukkuu,buuphaa,cuucii	Chicken, Egg, Chick
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_069	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Ijoollee shanan qaba, shananuu wal bira oolu	I have five children, and all five of them stay together	null	null	Quba	Fingers
afaan_oromo_oromo_kids_world_070	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Kid's World	false	Ijaarrattee mana hin qabdu, bakka bultii hin dhabdu	She has no house of her own, yet she never sleeps outside.	null	null	Billaacha	A butterfly
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_071	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Ilmoon haadha keessaa baatee haadha dhiitti	The child comes out of the mother and then kicks her.	null	null	Kirbiitii	Match
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_072	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Bifaan gurraattii amalaan giiftii	Black in complexion, queenly in character.	null	null	Eelee	Pan
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_073	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Kaballaan dhahee Albaase	I slapped it once, and it got diarrhea.	null	null	Gingilchaa	Seive
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_074	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Wajjumaan nyaanna, maaf huuqqatta	We eat together, yet you remain so thin.	null	null	Fal’aana	A spoon
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_075	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Bishaan buutu bac hin jettu, lafa buutu kash hin jettu	It falls into the water without a splash; it falls to the ground without a sound	null	null	Lilmo	A needle
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_076	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Ganama ol kaatti, galgala gadi kaatti	It runs up in the morning and runs down in the evening	null	null	Surree	Trousers
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_077	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Garaan bishaani, mataan ibidda	A belly of water and a head of fire	null	null	Kurraazii	A kerosene lamp
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_078	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Luka afur (4) qaba, laga hin ce'u	It has four legs but cannot cross a river	null	null	Siree	A bed
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_079	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Ulee tokkotu saawwa dannaba dachaasa	A single stick that turns back a herd of cows	null	null	Milaaccii	A razor
afaan_oromo_oromo_everyday_life_080	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Everyday Life	false	Qotiyyoon abbaa kiyyaa eegee qaban malee hin qottu	My father's ox will not plow unless you hold its tail	null	null	Maqasii	Scissors
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_081	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Hin dhiqattu, hin dibattu, ni bareeddi	She never bathes, she wears no oils, yet she is flawless in beauty.	null	null	Hiddii	Solanum coagulans
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_082	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Ganama argee guyyaa dhabe	Seen in the morning, lost by noon.	null	null	Fixeensa	Dew
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_083	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Ani asin kaayee maaltu achirra sikaa'e	I left you here; what placed you over there?	null	null	Dabaaqula	pumpkin
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_084	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Abbaan Eeboo dhibbaa laga ijaajjee sirba	The father of a hundred spears stands by the river and dances	null	null	Meexxii	A palm tree
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_085	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Anaanoo na waamani ati eessa dhaqxa	They called me, but where are you going?	null	null	Gaaddidduu	A shadow
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_086	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Yoo haadduun murtees godaannisa hin qabu	Even if cut by a sharp razor, it leaves behind no scar	null	null	Bishaan	Water
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_087	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Maxinoo bilaashee uggum yaa mi'ashee	Oh, look at the flatbread of the forest; oh, how sweet it is	null	null	Damma	Honey
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_088	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Shak hin jedhu shakak hin jedhu ce'ee ba'e	Without a sound or a rustle, it crossed over and came out	null	null	Hurrii	Fog
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_089	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Teessu lafaa hin kaatu, dhooftu namaa hin naatu	It sits on the ground and doesn't get up; it hits you without humility	null	null	Gufuu	A tree stump
afaan_oromo_oromo_nature_090	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Nature	true	Shambaa jetti harkaan na hin qabinaa jetti	It says "Oh, my beauty!" and says "don't touch me with your hands"	null	null	Doobbii	A stinging nettle
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_091	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Bixxilleen lamaan tabbatti hirkatte	Two round breads leaning against a hill.	null	null	Gurra	Ear
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_092	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Saani aadiin sa’a gurraacha kaafatee ciise	The white cow stood up and made the black cow lie down	null	null	Harrii	Gray hair
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_093	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Godoo gamaa balballi ishee lama	The cottage across the way has two doorways.	null	null	Funyaan	Nose
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_094	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Sulula qal’oo araddaa bal’aa	A narrow valley, a wide field	null	null	Qoonqoofi garaa	The throat and the stomach
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_095	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	As taa’een gamatti si waraana	I sit here and pierce you over there	null	null	Ija	The eye
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_096	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Bosona guddaa lixeen muka qajeelaa dhabe	I entered a great forest and could not find a straight tree	null	null	Rifeensa mataa	Head hair
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_097	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Daandii qalloo gaara gubbaa	A narrow path on top of a mountain	null	null	Nyaara	An eyebrow
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_098	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Ijoollee shanan qaba, shananuu wal bira oolu	I have five children, and all five of them stay together	null	null	Quba	Fingers
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_099	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Odoo wal bira jirtuu wal hin agartu	Even though they are right next to each other, they never see one another	null	null	Ija	Eyes
afaan_oromo_oromo_human_body_100	afaan_oromo_oromo	gaz	Human Body	true	Qumcuun gaaraa ni socho'a malee hin buqqa'u	A small hill that moves but never gets uprooted	null	null	Harma	A breast

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Cultural Riddles

Explore the results: dashboard · Play: try the riddles yourself · Code: github.com/Cohere-Labs-Community/CulturalRiddles

A community-built benchmark of original cultural riddles from 62 communities across 51 languages and 45 countries, written by 167 native speakers. Each riddle describes something without naming it, so answering it takes cultural knowledge, not translation or web search. A native speaker recognises the answer at once; a model succeeds only if it carries that culture's knowledge.

The release has four tables:

Table	Rows	What it holds
`riddles` (default)	6,191	The riddles and their reference answers.
`model_answers`	170,520	Every answer from 28 model configurations on the 6,090 benchmarked riddles, with its final score and who scored it.
`human_annotations`	74,383	Every native-speaker label on a unique answer, including independent second labels.
`models`	28	The model configurations, their sizes, and their recorded reasoning settings.

Why riddles

A riddle names nothing. "This red-crossed sphere's juice is not sweet for your stomach" means nothing to a search engine, but every Hungarian recognises Unicum, a famous bitters. A model that only knows the formal name misses it. Because each riddle is original, unpublished, and culturally specific, it resists memorisation and lookup.

Languages and communities

The unit is the present-day national-linguistic community, for example Spanish in Argentina or Bengali in India. Languages and communities differ because several communities share a language: Argentine, Cuban, and Peruvian riddles are all in Spanish but draw on three cultures. 1,234 riddles come from topics each community chose itself. See the list of communities.

Loading the data

from datasets import load_dataset

riddles = load_dataset("CohereLabsCommunity/CulturalRiddles", split="test")
answers = load_dataset("CohereLabsCommunity/CulturalRiddles", "model_answers", split="test")
labels = load_dataset("CohereLabsCommunity/CulturalRiddles", "human_annotations", split="test")
models = load_dataset("CohereLabsCommunity/CulturalRiddles", "models", split="test")

tamil = riddles.filter(lambda r: r["community"] == "tamil_india")

Tables

`riddles`

Field	Type	Description
`riddle_id`	string	Stable unique ID, `{community}_{topic}_{number}`.
`community`	string	Community key, usually `{language}_{country}` (for example `tamil_india`).
`language`	string	ISO 639-3 code of the riddle's language.
`topic`	string	Topic the riddle belongs to.
`is_wildcard`	bool	True for a topic the community chose itself.
`riddle_original`	string	The riddle in its original language.
`riddle_english`	string	English translation, for human reference only. May be null.
`riddle_hint`	string	Optional hint. May be null.
`riddle_note`	string	Optional note from the writer; riddles flagged in the content review also carry a content note here. May be null.
`reference_answer_original`	string	Reference answer in the original language.
`reference_answer_english`	string	English translation of the answer. May be null.

`model_answers`

Each configuration answered each benchmarked riddle once (6,090 riddles from 61 communities). Scores come from rules for clear cases (32,171 answers), from native speakers (100,769), and from two LLM judges that agree (34,546); 3,034 answers have no score. Accuracy is the share of scored answers with score 3.

Field	Type	Description
`riddle_id`	string	Joins to `riddles`.
`community`	string	Community key.
`topic`	string	Topic of the riddle.
`model`	string	Model configuration key; joins to `models`.
`model_display`	string	Readable configuration name.
`model_answer`	string	The answer the model gave.
`answer_norm`	string	`model_answer` stripped and lowercased; joins to `human_annotations`.
`score`	int	0 incorrect, 1 admits not knowing, 2 partially correct, 3 correct. Null when no score was reached.
`scorer`	string	`rule`, `human` (native speaker), `llm_judges` (two agreeing judges), or `none`.
`routing`	string	How the answer was routed: rule-based categories, human evaluation, or pending and invalid human labels.
`error_type`	string	Answer type code, for example `0.3` hallucinated or `3.1` different valid answer.
`error_type_label`	string	Readable answer type.
`annotator_id`	string	Anonymous native-speaker ID, such as `annotator_k2p9`. Stable across tables.
`annotator_note`	string	The annotator's note, as written. May be null.
`judge_score_deepseek`	int	Score from the DeepSeek judge, where one ran. May be null.
`judge_score_gemini`	int	Score from the Gemini judge, where one ran. May be null.

`human_annotations`

Native speakers labeled each unique (riddle, answer) pair once, so one label can cover several models. 70,006 rows are first labels and 4,377 are independent second labels used to measure agreement. 109 annotators contributed; their IDs are anonymous.

Field	Type	Description
`riddle_id`	string	Joins to `riddles`.
`community`	string	Community key.
`topic`	string	Topic of the riddle.
`answer`	string	The answer the annotator labeled.
`answer_norm`	string	`answer` stripped and lowercased; one label covers every model that gave it.
`annotation`	string	`first` label, or `second` label from an independent annotator.
`annotator_id`	string	Anonymous native-speaker ID; several are separated by `;`.
`score`	int	0 to 3, as in `model_answers`.
`error_type`	string	Answer type code.
`error_type_label`	string	Readable answer type.
`annotator_note`	string	The annotator's note, as written. May be null.
`benchmark_status`	string	`valid` or `invalid` for first labels; invalid labels are not used in scores.
`iaa_row`	float	Set for rows in the inter-annotator agreement sample.
`self_review`	bool	True when an annotator labeled the same pair again.

`models`

Field	Type	Description
`model`	string	Configuration key used in `model_answers`.
`model_display`	string	Readable configuration name.
`default_reasoning`	string	The provider's documented default reasoning setting.
`actual_reasoning_effort`	string	The setting recorded for the run. `unspecified` means the request did not set it, not that reasoning was off.
`total_parameter_b`	float	Published total parameters, in billions. Null when not published.
`active_parameter_count_b`	float	Published active parameters for mixture-of-experts models, in billions.
`access`	string	`proprietary`, `open-weight`, or `open-source`.
`info_url`	string	Model card or documentation.
`cutoff_date`	string	Published training-data cutoff, where known.

Curation

Every riddle is original human writing by native speakers writing for their own community. AI tools may be used for brainstorming or to test difficulty, but the riddles are written by people. English translations are for human reference only, never shown to a model. The data contains no names or contact details of writers or annotators.

Intended use and terms

The data is released under the terms in LICENSE: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 attribution terms combined with an evaluation-only restriction.

This data must not be used to train, fine-tune, or distill models, nor as seeds for synthetic data generation. It is an evaluation benchmark; training on it contaminates future measurement. This applies to the model answers and labels as much as to the riddles.

Content note

Although we have filtered the dataset for harmful content, some riddles may still contain sensitive themes or potentially problematic ideas. These are presented solely as cultural and linguistic puzzles, not as endorsements of the views expressed or guidance for real-world behavior.

Riddles flagged in a content review carry a short content note in their riddle_note field. Model answers are published as generated and were not filtered: many are hallucinated, and some may be offensive.

Contributors

This benchmark was proposed by Károly Boczka and Julia Kreutzer, and built by native-speaker contributors across the Cohere Labs Community.

Riddle writers by community

Writers who agreed to be credited, by the name they chose. Some writers asked not to be named or have not confirmed yet; they are part of the Cohere Labs Community credit.

Afaan Oromo (Ethiopia): Bontu Fufa Balcha · Debela Desalegn Yadeta
Assamese (India): Angana Borah · Dipti Borah Hazarika · Mina Saikia · Prasanta Borah
Belarusian (Belarus): Oksana Volchek · Vladislav Poritski
Bengali (Bangladesh): Ahanaf Aziz · Md Istiak Hossain Shihab · Nazia Tasnim
Bengali (India): Ankita Maity · Ruchira Dhar · Souvik Bhattacharyya
Buginese (Indonesia): Ahmad Mufli Ramadhan
Bulgarian (Bulgaria): Ralitza Nikolova Rizova
Cantonese (China): Fengran Mo · Jinghan Zhang
Catalan (Spain): Aleix Sant · Irene Baucells · Javier García Gilabert · Marc Pàmies · Ona de Gibert
Chinese (Malaysia): Nancy F. Chen · Zhengyuan Liu
Chinese (Singapore): Rui Yang Tan · Weihua Zheng
Dutch (Netherlands): David Stap · Mike Zhang · Rochelle Choenni
Egyptian Arabic (Egypt): Farah Abdou · Nadine Elframawy · Rawan Mohamed Elframawy
English (Canada): Jane Smith · Julia Kreutzer · Madeline Smith · Matt Bobkin
English (United States): Ananya Sahu · Henry Gagnier · Jonathan E. Swindell · Sajag Swami · Swati Rajwal
French (Canada): Lauren Altomare · Micol Altomare
French (France): Bryan Chen · Wafa Aissa
German (Germany): Diana Kozachek · Julia Kreutzer
Gujarati (India): Amit Agarwal · Fenal Ashokbhai ilasariya · Hitesh Laxmichand Patel
Hungarian (Hungary): Károly Boczka
Indonesian (Indonesia): Ahmad Mufli Ramadhan · Muhammad Ravi Shulthan Habibi
Italian (Italy): Lisa Alazraki · Marco De Santis
Japanese (Japan): Reuben Chagas Fernandes
Kannada (India): Emile Anand · Vanya Bannihatti Kumar
Konkani (India): Prerana Rane · Vivek Gopalkrishna Silimkhan
Levantine Arabic (Lebanon): Adnan El Assadi
Levantine Arabic (Syria): Yusser Al Ghussin
Luganda (Uganda): Alex Gimei
Lumasaba (Uganda): Alex Gimei
Luxembourgish (Luxembourg): Cedric Lothritz · Fred Philippy
Malay (Malaysia): Roy Ka-Wei Lee
Malayalam (India): Arya Hariharan · Arya Suneesh
Marathi (India): Rushikesh Zawar · Yash Bagla
Mongondow (Indonesia): Ahmad Mufli Ramadhan
Moroccan Arabic (Morocco): Abderrahmane Issam · Zakaria Baannou
Nepali (Nepal): Dikshya Poudel · Divas Poudel · Jebish Purbey
Persian (Iran): Aylin Naebzadeh · Hamidreza Saffari · Masoumeh Javadi Zarnaghi · Melika Davood Zadeh · Mohammadamin Shafiei · Pouya Sadeghi · Sara Rajaee · Sarah Bahrami
Polish (Poland): Joanna Radoła · dokato
Portuguese (Brazil): Daniel Souza · Felipe Bochini · Gabriel Assis · João Paulo Faria da Cruz · Juliana Carvalho · Pedro Delgado
Portuguese (Portugal): Diogo M. Serrano-Miranda
Russian (Russia): Anastasiia Nikitina · Andrei Nikitin · Dina Pisarevskaya · Galina Kozulina · Sergey Sedov
Serbian (Serbia): Danka Jokić · Milica Andrić · Nebojša Damnjanović · Toma Knežević
Simplified Chinese (China): Bin Hu · Di Mo · Haichang Li · Kaiser Sun · Lingbo Wang
Sindhi (India): Naman Bhatia
Sinhala (Sri Lanka): Sayuru Bopitiya
Spanish (Argentina): Cossio, Leandro · José Matías Avalos · Silvia Fernandez
Spanish (Cuba): Eduardo Sánchez
Spanish (Peru): David Quispe-Castillo · Fabrizzio Marin Colquichagua · Luis Fernado Solis Navarro
Spanish (Spain): Alvaro Escapa · Antonio Miranda-Escalada · Borja Sánchez Clemente · Isabel Blanco Ferreiro · Ona de Gibert
Sudanese Arabic (Sudan): Abdelhadi Osama · Wafaa Mohammed
Swahili (Kenya): Nanyanga Emma Loice · Priscilla Amuok
Tamil (India): Vinod
Telugu (India): Akhil Eppa · Jayanth Krishna Chundru · Lakshmi Tejaswi Sunkara · PATTAN MAHAMMAD SALMAN KHAN · Prahitha Movva · Venkata Manaswitha Sunkara
Thai (Thailand): Patteera Triamamornwooth · Warit Lekmuenwai
Traditional Chinese (China): Stephy Chen
Tunisian Arabic (Tunisia): Wafa Aissa
Turkish (Turkey): Ceren Berk
Ukrainian (Ukraine): Hanna Yukhymenko · Yurii Paniv · sunrise
Urdu (Pakistan): Muhammad Saad Umar
Uzbek (Uzbekistan): Abdumutalib Begmuratov
Vietnamese (Vietnam): Christian Hoang · My Chiffon Nguyen · Van Ngo
Yoruba (Nigeria): Esther Adenuga · Joy Olusanya · Oluwaseun A. Ajayi (some riddles adapted from Orature and Yoruba Riddles by Akintunde Akinyemi, Palgrave Macmillan) · YUSUF, Ismail Abayomi

Updates

This card is generated from the source repository on each release.

This release adds the model_answers, human_annotations, and models tables. The riddles moved to data/riddles.parquet and no longer carry the release_version column.
After a content review, some riddles were removed or corrected. Every change is listed in data/corrections.csv in the source repository.

Citation

@misc{cultural_riddles_2026,
  title        = {Cultural Riddles},
  author       = {Boczka, K{\'a}roly and Kreutzer, Julia and the Cohere Labs Community},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {Hugging Face},
  howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/CohereLabsCommunity/CulturalRiddles}}
}

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