wrong_code
stringlengths
3
123
correct_code
stringlengths
3
155
explanation
stringclasses
101 values
language
stringclasses
26 values
int &ref;
int x; int &ref = x;
Reference must be initialized.
C++
b > 56 & x < 20
b > 56 and x < 20
Use 'and' not '&'.
Python
for (bar in data)
for (bar of data)
for...in iterates keys.
JavaScript
const c;
const c = 8;
Initialize const.
JavaScript
print 'info'
print 'info';
Add semicolon.
Perl
object Person {{ def main(args: Array[String]) = println("world") }}
object Person {{ def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = println("world") }}
Add return type Unit.
Scala
list: - item1 - item2
list: - item1 - item2
Correct.
YAML
<div color=blue>
<div style='color:blue;'>
Use style attribute.
CSS
int[] list = new int[77]; list[77] = 5;
int[] list = new int[77]; if (77 < list.length) list[77] = 5;
Check bounds.
Java
var x int
var x int
Correct.
Go
<ul><li>world<li>hello</ul>
<ul><li>world</li><li>hello</li></ul>
Close li.
HTML
let temp: i32 = "world";
let temp: &str = "world";
Type mismatch.
Rust
DELETE FROM items WHERE status=71
DELETE FROM items WHERE status=71;
Add semicolon.
SQL
for (int i=0; i<95; i++) {{}}
for (int i=0; i<95; i++) {{}}
Correct.
Java
INSERT INTO orders VALUES ('world',13)
INSERT INTO orders (age, email) VALUES ('world',13);
Specify columns.
SQL
switch(data){{ case 98: break; }}
switch(data){{ case 98: break; default: break; }}
Add default case.
Java
fmt.Println 'test'
fmt.Println('test')
Missing parentheses.
Go
<img src='hello.jpg'>
<img src='hello.jpg' alt='desc'>
Add alt text.
HTML
val num = 84; num = 65
var num = 84; num = 65
Use var for reassignment.
Scala
let list=vec![48,47,35]; let head=&list[0]; list.push(70);
let mut list=vec![48,47,35]; let head=list[0]; list.push(70);
Copy instead of reference.
Rust
disp('test')
disp('test')
Correct.
MATLAB
if ($bar = 11) {{}}
if ($bar -eq 11) {{}}
Use -eq.
PowerShell
fs.readFile('input.csv', (err,data) => {{ if(err) throw err; }});
fs.readFile('input.csv', (err,data) => {{ if(err) {{ console.error(err); return; }} }});
Better error handling.
Node.js
JOIN orders ON orders.id = orders.name
JOIN orders ON orders.id = orders.name
Correct.
SQL
while read line; do echo $line; done < log.txt
while read line; do echo $line; done < log.txt
Correct.
Shell
my @arr = (80,80,88);
my @arr = (80,80,88);
Correct.
Perl
def foo(): print('result')
def foo(): print('result')
Indent function body.
Python
$list[44] = 5;
if (isset($list[44])) $list[44] = 5;
Check existence.
PHP
for i=1,91 do print(i) end
for i=1,91 do print(i) end
Correct.
Lua
let item: Int = 'message'
let item: String = 'message'
Fix type.
Swift
if (b) console.log('yes') else console.log('no')
if (b) console.log('yes'); else console.log('no');
Missing semicolon.
JavaScript
int x; System.out.println(x);
int x = 0; System.out.println(x);
Initialize variable.
Java
{{"id":"test",}}
{{"id":"test"}}
Remove trailing comma.
JSON
print 'value'
print('value')
print needs parentheses.
Python
WHERE name = '20'
WHERE name = 20
Don't quote integer.
SQL
items[69]
if (length(items) >= 69) items[69]
Check length.
R
if a = 69:
if a == 69:
Use == for comparison.
Python
echo 'data'
echo 'data';
Add semicolon.
PHP
def bar puts 'message' end
def bar puts 'message' end
Correct.
Ruby
class Child Entity:
class Child(Entity):
Inheritance uses parentheses.
Python
bar
bar()
Add parentheses.
Swift
match num {{ 1 => {{}} }}
match num {{ 1 => {{}} _ => {{}} }}
Match must be exhaustive.
Rust
z = world
z = 'world'
Quote strings.
Python
for i in $(ls); do echo $i; done
for i in $(ls); do echo $i; done
Correct.
Shell
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;
Missing semicolon.
SQL
raise 'test'
raise Exception('test')
Raise needs an exception class.
Python
$x = 5; if ($x -eq 5) { Write-Host 'yes' }
$x = 5; if ($x -eq 5) { Write-Host 'yes' }
Correct.
PowerShell
int arr[88]; arr[88]=5;
int arr[88]; if(88<88){{}} else arr[88]=5;
Bounds check.
C++
<input type='text' value='world'>
<input type='text' value='world' name='value'>
Add name attribute.
HTML
const http = require('http'); http.createServer((req,res) => res.end('world')).listen(42);
const http = require('http'); http.createServer((req,res) => res.end('world')).listen(42);
Correct.
Node.js
if (z = 78) {{}}
if (z == 78) {{}}
Use ==.
Kotlin
values.forEach(function(num) {{ console.log(num); }})
values.forEach((num) => {{ console.log(num); }})
Arrow functions are cleaner.
JavaScript
let msg = String::from("info"); let ref=&msg; msg.push_str("!");
let mut msg = String::from("info"); let ref=&msg; println!("{{}}", ref); msg.push_str("!");
Cannot mutate while borrowed.
Rust
function foo(c:string){{return c;}} foo(27);
function foo(c:string){{return c;}} foo('output');
Pass correct type.
TypeScript
.Item {{ color: green; }}
.Item {{ color: green; }}
Correct.
CSS
with open('input.csv') as file_handle: data = file_handle.read()
with open('input.csv') as file_handle: data = file_handle.read()
Correct.
Python
x := 59
x := 59
Correct.
Go
if (index = 31) {{}}
if (index === 31) {{}}
Use === for equality.
JavaScript
arr(22)
if length(arr) >= 22, arr(22), end
Check length.
MATLAB
if [ $item = 73 ]; then
if [ "$item" = 73 ]; then
Quote variable.
Shell
int &ref;
int x; int &ref = x;
Reference must be initialized.
C++
function foo() {{ return {{key:'result'}} }}
function foo() {{ return {{key:'result'}}; }}
Return object on same line.
JavaScript
cin >> temp;
int temp; cin >> temp;
Declare variable.
C++
<p>hello <b>data</p></b>
<p>hello <b>data</b></p>
Nest properly.
HTML
const z = 19; z = 98;
let z = 19; z = 98;
Cannot reassign const.
JavaScript
77count = 10
count77 = 10
Variable cannot start with digit.
Python
$x = 5; print $x
$x = 5; print $x;
Missing semicolon.
Perl
System.out.println('result')
System.out.println('result');
Add semicolon.
Java
try: x = 1 / 0 except pass
try: x = 1 / 0 except Exception: pass
Specify exception type.
Python
SELECT * FROM users WHRE id=33;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=33;
Fix WHERE.
SQL
<div><p>message</div></p>
<div><p>message</p></div>
Nest properly.
HTML
var x = 5; x = true
var x = 5; x = 10
Type mismatch.
Kotlin
<entry name='world'/>
<entry name="world"/>
Double quotes.
XML
local b = 96
local b = 96
Correct.
Lua
$arr[96]
if ($arr.Count -gt 96) {{ $arr[96] }}
Check bounds.
PowerShell
[29, 4, 39
[29, 4, 39]
Close bracket.
Ruby
let s1 = String::from("message"); let text2 = s1; println!("{{}}", s1);
let s1 = String::from("message"); let text2 = s1.clone(); println!("{{}}", s1);
Clone to avoid move.
Rust
class Item {{ int index; }} obj.index=5;
class Item {{ public int index; }} obj.index=5;
Make field public.
Java
val x: Int = 'value'
val x: String = 'value'
Fix type.
Kotlin
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
Use generics.
Java
if (item = 58)
if (item == 58)
Use ==.
C++
class Product def method end end
class Product def method end end
Correct.
Ruby
int bar = 'test';
String bar = 'test';
Type mismatch.
Dart
yield count
yield count
Correct yield.
Python
name: hello age: 68
name: hello age: 68
Correct.
YAML
let foo = 41; let foo = 21;
let foo = 41; foo = 21;
Duplicate declaration.
JavaScript
let x: number = 'value';
let x: string = 'value';
Fix type.
TypeScript
{{"id":"message" "value":76}}
{{"id":"message", "value":76}}
Add comma.
JSON
<person age=21>
<person age="21">
Quote attribute.
XML
let z: number | null = null; z.toFixed(5);
let z: number | null = null; if(z!==null) z.toFixed(5);
Null check.
TypeScript
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('result')); app.listen(29);
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('result')); app.listen(29, () => console.log('listening'));
Add callback.
Node.js
var x = 5; x = "hello"
var x = "hello"
Type mismatch.
Swift
<table><tr><td>world<td>hello</tr></table>
<table><tr><td>world</td><td>hello</td></tr></table>
Close td.
HTML
List<int> list = [1,2,3];
List<int> list = [1,2,3];
Correct.
Dart
const p:Person = {{name:'hello'}};
const p:Person = {{name:'hello', age:73}};
Add missing property.
TypeScript
Write-Host 'result'
Write-Host 'result'
Correct.
PowerShell
c == '15'
c === 15
Use strict equality.
JavaScript
String a = 'hello';
String a = "hello";
Double quotes.
Java
SELECT id role FROM products;
SELECT id, role FROM products;
Add comma.
SQL
lambda x: x+1
lambda x: x+1
Correct lambda.
Python