id
int64
1
14M
domain
stringclasses
6 values
topic
stringclasses
23 values
subtopic
stringclasses
37 values
difficulty
int64
1
8
unit_type
stringclasses
3 values
title
stringlengths
14
86
content
stringlengths
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stringclasses
23 values
prerequisites
stringclasses
29 values
learning_objective
stringclasses
37 values
20,132,501
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.1337e+04 Hz, speed 803.1 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 803.1 m/s with frequency f = 1.1337e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.07084 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,502
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.8990e+04 Hz, speed 1096 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1096 m/s with frequency f = 1.8990e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.0577 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,503
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7688 Hz, speed 349.8 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 349.8 m/s with frequency f = 7688 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.0455 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,504
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7028 Hz, speed 486 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 486 m/s with frequency f = 7028 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.06915 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,505
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.0185e+04 Hz, speed 310.6 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 310.6 m/s with frequency f = 1.0185e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.03049 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,506
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 8429 Hz, speed 465.7 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 465.7 m/s with frequency f = 8429 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.05525 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,507
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.3090e+04 Hz, speed 479.5 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 479.5 m/s with frequency f = 1.3090e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.03663 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,508
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.5593e+04 Hz, speed 1105 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1105 m/s with frequency f = 1.5593e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.07089 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,509
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 9735 Hz, speed 629.9 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 629.9 m/s with frequency f = 9735 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.0647 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,510
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1487 Hz, speed 1220 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1220 m/s with frequency f = 1487 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.8205 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,511
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1442 Hz, speed 1440 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1440 m/s with frequency f = 1442 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.9986 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,512
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7069 Hz, speed 333.6 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 333.6 m/s with frequency f = 7069 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.0472 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,513
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 323 Hz, speed 993.5 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 993.5 m/s with frequency f = 323 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 3.076 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,514
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.6679e+04 Hz, speed 1068 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1068 m/s with frequency f = 1.6679e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.06401 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,515
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.6307e+04 Hz, speed 698.9 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 698.9 m/s with frequency f = 1.6307e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.04286 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,516
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.0002e+04 Hz, speed 721.5 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 721.5 m/s with frequency f = 1.0002e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.07214 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,517
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1834 Hz, speed 322.8 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 322.8 m/s with frequency f = 1834 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1761 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,518
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7380 Hz, speed 639.9 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 639.9 m/s with frequency f = 7380 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.08671 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,519
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.5957e+04 Hz, speed 1066 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1066 m/s with frequency f = 1.5957e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.06678 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,520
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.9659e+04 Hz, speed 894.7 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 894.7 m/s with frequency f = 1.9659e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.04551 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,521
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7473 Hz, speed 1049 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1049 m/s with frequency f = 7473 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1404 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,522
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 5902 Hz, speed 682.2 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 682.2 m/s with frequency f = 5902 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1156 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,523
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 4935 Hz, speed 1109 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1109 m/s with frequency f = 4935 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.2247 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,524
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.1364e+04 Hz, speed 416.8 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 416.8 m/s with frequency f = 1.1364e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.03667 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,525
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 849.1 Hz, speed 570.4 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 570.4 m/s with frequency f = 849.1 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.6718 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,526
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 7801 Hz, speed 965.1 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 965.1 m/s with frequency f = 7801 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1237 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,527
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.0566e+04 Hz, speed 835.2 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 835.2 m/s with frequency f = 1.0566e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.07904 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,528
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 6421 Hz, speed 732.9 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 732.9 m/s with frequency f = 6421 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1141 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,529
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.0840e+04 Hz, speed 1237 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1237 m/s with frequency f = 1.0840e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1141 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,530
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 6996 Hz, speed 926.2 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 926.2 m/s with frequency f = 6996 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1324 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,531
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 4432 Hz, speed 712.3 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 712.3 m/s with frequency f = 4432 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1607 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,532
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 6443 Hz, speed 1429 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1429 m/s with frequency f = 6443 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.2218 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,533
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 973.2 Hz, speed 1427 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1427 m/s with frequency f = 973.2 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 1.467 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,534
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.8324e+04 Hz, speed 1356 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1356 m/s with frequency f = 1.8324e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.07402 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,535
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 5511 Hz, speed 1346 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1346 m/s with frequency f = 5511 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.2442 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,536
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 2439 Hz, speed 434.3 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 434.3 m/s with frequency f = 2439 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1781 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,537
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 5598 Hz, speed 975.6 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 975.6 m/s with frequency f = 5598 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1743 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,538
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 9814 Hz, speed 1368 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1368 m/s with frequency f = 9814 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.1394 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,539
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 8695 Hz, speed 522.7 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 522.7 m/s with frequency f = 8695 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.06012 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,540
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 8841 Hz, speed 850.4 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 850.4 m/s with frequency f = 8841 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.09619 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,541
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.3197e+04 Hz, speed 711.7 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 711.7 m/s with frequency f = 1.3197e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.05393 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,542
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 914.5 Hz, speed 1387 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 1387 m/s with frequency f = 914.5 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 1.517 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,543
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 3850 Hz, speed 838.3 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 838.3 m/s with frequency f = 3850 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.2177 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,544
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1.0987e+04 Hz, speed 880.5 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 880.5 m/s with frequency f = 1.0987e+04 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.08014 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,545
physics
waves
wave_speed
4
worked_example
Wave relation: frequency 1269 Hz, speed 588.9 m/s
A periodic wave travels at speed v = 588.9 m/s with frequency f = 1269 Hz. The wavelength is λ = v / f = 0.4639 m. This relation follows from the definition of frequency as the number of cycles per unit time and wavelength as the spatial period.
v = f λ
basic kinematics
Relate wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
20,132,546
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -76.6 J, W = -620.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -76.6 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -620.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 544.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,547
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 237.6 J, W = -67.96 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 237.6 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -67.96 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 305.5 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,548
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 762.8 J, W = -27.28 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 762.8 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -27.28 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 790.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,549
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1347 J, W = 707.9 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1347 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 707.9 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 639.3 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,550
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -116 J, W = 397.7 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -116 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 397.7 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -513.7 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,551
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 257.2 J, W = -43.96 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 257.2 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -43.96 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 301.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,552
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -21.02 J, W = -2.186 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -21.02 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -2.186 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -18.84 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,553
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -317 J, W = 664.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -317 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 664.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -981.8 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,554
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1351 J, W = 611.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1351 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 611.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 739.7 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,555
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 201.9 J, W = 39.19 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 201.9 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 39.19 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 162.7 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,556
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -342.7 J, W = 203 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -342.7 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 203 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -545.7 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,557
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -11.46 J, W = -284.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -11.46 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -284.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 272.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,558
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1588 J, W = -233.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1588 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -233.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1821 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,559
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1871 J, W = 328.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1871 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 328.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1543 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,560
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 773.7 J, W = 146.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 773.7 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 146.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 627.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,561
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1007 J, W = 193.9 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1007 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 193.9 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 812.9 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,562
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1200 J, W = 504 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1200 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 504 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 696.3 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,563
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 475.5 J, W = -177.5 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 475.5 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -177.5 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 653.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,564
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -319.8 J, W = 578.6 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -319.8 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 578.6 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -898.4 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,565
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 233.2 J, W = -352.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 233.2 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -352.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 585.3 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,566
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1862 J, W = 483.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1862 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 483.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1378 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,567
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 385.3 J, W = -37.27 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 385.3 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -37.27 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 422.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,568
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1771 J, W = -185 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1771 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -185 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1956 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,569
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1111 J, W = 332.2 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1111 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 332.2 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 778.4 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,570
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 372.5 J, W = 726.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 372.5 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 726.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -354.3 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,571
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -182.2 J, W = 295.9 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -182.2 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 295.9 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -478.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,572
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 977.2 J, W = -484.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 977.2 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -484.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1462 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,573
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 261.4 J, W = -541.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 261.4 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -541.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 803.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,574
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 39.4 J, W = -278.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 39.4 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -278.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 318.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,575
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -406.4 J, W = -348.6 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -406.4 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -348.6 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -57.77 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,576
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -321.2 J, W = -301.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -321.2 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -301.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -19.82 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,577
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1844 J, W = 264.3 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1844 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 264.3 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1580 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,578
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 794.6 J, W = 503.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 794.6 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 503.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 291.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,579
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 469.4 J, W = -770.7 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 469.4 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -770.7 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1240 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,580
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1390 J, W = 484.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1390 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 484.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 905.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,581
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1537 J, W = 42.37 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1537 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 42.37 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1494 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,582
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1327 J, W = -224 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1327 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -224 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1551 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,583
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1435 J, W = 721.2 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1435 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 721.2 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 713.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,584
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 949.8 J, W = -91.99 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 949.8 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -91.99 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1042 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,585
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1418 J, W = -43.66 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1418 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -43.66 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1462 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,586
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -69.13 J, W = -788.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -69.13 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -788.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 719.3 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,587
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -55.37 J, W = -565 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -55.37 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -565 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 509.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,588
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1201 J, W = 702.2 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1201 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 702.2 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 499.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,589
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -261.3 J, W = -444.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -261.3 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -444.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 183.1 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,590
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1868 J, W = -547.4 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1868 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -547.4 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 2415 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,591
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -163.3 J, W = -358.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -163.3 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -358.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 194.8 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,592
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 834 J, W = 313.8 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 834 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 313.8 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 520.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,593
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1548 J, W = -467 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1548 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -467 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 2015 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,594
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 665 J, W = -456.5 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 665 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -456.5 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1122 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,595
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -488.3 J, W = 48.93 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -488.3 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 48.93 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -537.2 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,596
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1301 J, W = -454.3 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1301 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -454.3 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1756 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,597
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = -143.5 J, W = 173.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = -143.5 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 173.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = -316.6 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,598
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1154 J, W = -131.9 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1154 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -131.9 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1286 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,599
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1660 J, W = -181.1 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1660 J with its surroundings and performs work W = -181.1 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 1841 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.
20,132,600
physics
thermodynamics
first_law
6
worked_example
First law of thermodynamics: Q = 1015 J, W = 389.5 J
A thermodynamic system exchanges heat Q = 1015 J with its surroundings and performs work W = 389.5 J. By the first law, the change in internal energy is ΔU = Q − W = 625.5 J. The first law is a statement of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems; internal energy is a state function.
ΔU = Q - W
mechanical_energy
Apply the first law of thermodynamics to compute the change in internal energy.