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Udenafil, a recently discovered drug used for erectile dysfunction treatment, has been widely |
prescribed and its effect on human systems has been extensively studied. However, there is little research on the human |
metabolites of udenafil. Three metabolites have been identified in rats. |
Herein, highly sensitive and accurate liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass |
spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was conducted to identify new udenafil metabolites. |
Human liver microsomes were incubated with udenafil for in vitro samples, and rat urine and faeces samples |
were collected from udenafil-administered rats for in vivo samples. Each sample was deproteinated with acetonitrile and |
extracted by solid phase extraction. The purified samples were separated and analyzed by LC-Q-TOF-MS, and some |
metabolite candidates were reanalyzed for further structural analysis using LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. |
Eleven and three metabolites were identified in the in vitro and in vivo samples, respectively, and were found to |
be hydrolyzed, oxidized, or demethylated forms of udenafil or its metabolites. The error of the metabolic analysis was |
−8.7 to 7.6 ppm, indicating the high accuracy of the method. |
These metabolic results could be useful for further investigation of udenafil and new phosphodiesterase-5 |
inhibitors. |
Digital Mediation, Soft Cabs, and Spatial Labour |
Abstract Critics of digitally mediated labour platforms (often called the “sharing” or “gig economy”) have focused on the character and extent of the control exerted by these platforms over both workers and customers, and in particular on the precarizing impact on the workers on whose labor the services depend. Less at... |
In contrast with a widespread perception of Russia as an expansionist power in the Arctic, this article argues that Moscow does not seek military superiority in the region. Rather, Moscow's military strategies in the Arctic pursue three major goals: first, to demonstrate and ascertain Russia's sovereignty over its excl... |
The European Union has committed to increase the proportion of renewable energy from 9% in 2010 to 20% of total energy consumption by 2020. Bioenergy currently accounts for almost two-thirds of the total renewable energy in Europe and much of this comes from energy crops. One element of the rationale for growing energy... |
We herein describe a patient with a giant mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (MHC) surrounding the inferior vena cava (IVC). The patient was treated by extended left hepatic lobectomy with resection of the main right, left and middle hepatic veins and preservation of the inferior right hepatic vein (... |
Background Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy. Recent studies indicated critical roles of macrophages and monocytes in CAR-T induced CRS. Here, we report rapid dissipation of CAR-T induced CRS in two patients after receiving... |
Cerebral aneurysms in Behçet's disease are very rare. The role of vasculitis in the aetiology of these aneurysms has not been clarified. A 57 year old man with Behçet's disease is described, who had a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of a peripheral middle cerebral artery aneurysm. He underwent a successful aneur... |
Disasters occur when vulnerable people are faced with threats that they are unable to cope with or have low capacity to overcome them. Preparedness is the most critical phase in the range of disaster management, the inadequacy of disaster preparedness planning has created the suffering of survivors and loss of life. Th... |
Two metrics on a manifold are geodesically equivalent if the sets of their unparameterized geodesics coincide. We show that if two G-invariant metrics of arbitrary signature on homogenous space G/H are geodesically equivalent, they are affinely equivalent, i.e. they have the same Levi-Civita connection. We also prove t... |
A new ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the direct qualitative determination of captopril in pharmaceutical preparation and biological fluids such as human plasma and urine samples. The method was accomplished based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and partial least squares (PLS). The st... |
Introduction: Oral corticosteroids (OCSs) are used in the long term management of severe asthma, and the evaluation of effects of these medecines on DNA repair synthesis seems to be important. Aim: To investigate the intensity of the DNA repair synthesis in asthmatic patients treated with OCSs. Methods: The levels of s... |
To study the dynamic characteristics of spur gears with crack faults, it is essential to establish the meshing stiffness model accurately. In this paper, the time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS) model and load-sharing ratio (LSR) model of spur gears were established by the potential energy method, and the correctness ... |
Changes of neurons of dorsal motor nucleus of nervus vagus were studied in adaptation to hypoxia, experimental diabetes mellitus and its correction by means of interrupted hypoxic effects. It was established previously that interrupted hypoxic training exerted stimulating effect on insulin synthesizing function of panc... |
The aim of the work was to evaluate the von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF Ag) concentration in the blood plasma of hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure. The study was performed in the group of 43 patients (means aged 42.8 years) with chronic renal failure dialysed means 4 hours 3 times a week. The blood wa... |
Novo Nordisk will pay Dicerna Pharmaceuticals $225 million, which includes up-front fees and an equity investment, as part of a broad collaboration to develop RNAi-based therapies targeting liver-related diseases. Dicerna’s technology platform hinges on using a substrate for an enzyme called Dicer to deliver a drug int... |
ABSTRACT A coupled chromogenic reaction (based on an agar overlay combining NADH, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate, ATP, and kanamycin sulfate with thiazolyl blue-phenazine methosulfate for detection of NADH consumption) was optimized for the detection of aminoglycoside phosphotransferases (A... |
Insulin resistance is associated with lipid accumulation in the kidney which leads to renal damage. We investigated the potential of aerobic exercise training (AET) to prevent renal damage in mice with diet‐induced insulin resistance. Adult male C57BL6/J mice were assigned into chow‐fed controls (C, n=7), cafeteria die... |
Genetically-encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) allow optical recording of neuronal activities with high spatial resolution. While most existing GEVIs emit in the green range, red-shifted GEVIs are highly sought after because they would enable simultaneous stimulation and recording of neuronal activities when paired wit... |
The mutual antipathy which arose between Ramsay MacDonald and Arthur Henderson during the First World War is often acknowledged to the point of exaggeration. Historians have however done little more than to note its presence and attempt to minimize its importance to the party's development; they have rarely sought to i... |
Objective: This study examines the aspects of human capital management and its effects on employee job performance and the moderation role of perceived organizational support. |
Design/Methods/Approach: This study is structured on a quantitative approach, with stratified and simple random sampling techniques. This study reports the responses of 426 respondents from twelve banking institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to test the factor... |
Findings: The results show that the aspects of human capital management, namely knowledge accessibility, learning capacity, workforce optimization, leadership practice, and career advancement, are positively related to employee job performance. Moreover, the results also reveal that perceived organizational support pos... |
Originality: Our research highlights the importance of focusing on the intangible assets of an organization (i.e., human capital). Besides, this study contributes to creating a new theoretical framework for the relationship between the aspects of HCM, perceived organizational support, and employee job performance by in... |
A 45-year-old female patient who had previously undergone endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) at another surgical center was diagnosed with functional failure after DCR and underwent an uneventful transcanalicular laser-assisted DCR (TCL-DCR). After 5 months, the patient underwent endoscopic examination due to pe... |
Court decisions involving custom, the rights of women, and positivist law in Papua New Guinea and Canada are explored and contrasted. In Papua New Guinea the courts have struck down aspects of custom or customary law as being repugnant to the general principles of humanity and in violation of positivist law. In Canada ... |
In this research we examine the relationship between IT capability and digital transformation as well as the influence of digital leadership. A theoretical framework was developed to explain the effect of digital leadership. Subsequently this was tested using a survey of 127 respondents from firms across Western Europe... |
PURPOSE |
To review the clinical features and possible aetiology of all cases of Möbius' syndrome presented at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children in Sydney, Australia, from 1963 through 1995. |
METHODS |
All charts of patients suffering from Möbius' syndrome were reviewed, and each patient was thoroughly assessed by a geneticist and a pediatric ophthalmologist. |
RESULTS |
Patterns of systemic and ocular clinical features became evident. Of 23 patients in the series, 10 (43%) had a history significant events in utero. |
CONCLUSIONS |
All patients suffering from Möbius' syndrome require thorough assessment by a multidisciplinary team including a geneticist or pediatrician and a pediatric ophthalmologist. Significant vascular events of pregnancy may explain some cases of fetal vascular disruption to the brainstem.Ultralow impedance analysis and evalu... |
We evaluated low-impedance power distribution network (PDN) of decoupling capacitor embedded interposers for 3-D integrated LSI system. Measurements are carried out using the developed impedance analyzer system of a wide frequency range for evaluating ultralow impedance, and calculations are carried out using 2.5-D and... |
We investigated cultural influences on young children’s acquisition of social-cognitive concepts. A theory of mind (ToM) scale (Wellman & Liu, 2004) was given to 129 children (71 boys, 58 girls) ranging in age from 3 years 0 months to 7 years 10 months. The children were from three distinct cultural groups: (a) trash p... |
South Africa faces significant inequities in the allocation of water for productive purposes. Water allocation is one component of a wider government mandate to address the inequities of the past. Water allocation reform is being implemented by the South African Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF), through ... |
The 2008 Azalea Festival Symposium entitled, 'Katrina over Hampton roads: are we ready?' was held 15–16 April at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia and brought together over 250 attendees from 25 nations. Keynotes included Commissioner Jan Franssen, Queen's Commissioner for South Holland; Lieutenant General... |
Abstract Boxwood (Buxus spp.) blight is a devastating disease caused by the Ascomycete fungus Calonectria pseudonaviculata in the U.S. and Europe. A second Calonectria species, C. henricotiae, is also pathogenic on boxwood in Europe, but is not present in the U.S. where it is classified as a quarantine pathogen. Compos... |
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